» IMPORTANT CHANGE IN ARKANSAS STATE BANS A. E. Waters of Shawnee. <tkla„ and J, E. Martin of Tills City, Become Identified with Bank. An important bank Change was an nounced in local banking cincles this week when it was made known that A. E. Waters of ttie Security State Bank of Shawnee, Oklahoma, had pur chased an interest in the Arkansas State Bank and would come here to assume active duties with the local bank in a few u'ays. It was also an nounced that J. L. Martin, who for 15 years has been assistant cashier of the First National Bank and its pred . sessor, the Little River County Bank, i-aid also purchased an interest in the [Arkansas State Bank and would go jvith that institution as cashier. It is Understood that the change will be uade about the 10th of January, or as toon as Mri Waters can arrange his flairs in Oklahoma. The change in he bank followed the withdrawal of E.C. Payne, who went with a bank in Shreveport. 0. Kolb will remain with the bank. It is understood that Miller Johnson will go with the Shre veport institution. The Arkansas State Bank is in iine shape and shows a large surplus and' undivided profits alter paying a nice dividend. The new line up assures the contin ued growth of the bank. Mr. Waters is one of the best bankers in the coun try, He made the Citizens Bank at Foreman one of the best banks in the •country and has made a notable suc cess wherever he has been, He saw banking service in Ashdown several years ago and is not a stranger here. Mr. Martin has been in the banking business in Ashdown since 1905. He knows his business and is popular. These two men are going to make a stiong team with Mr, Koib. -n
BILL FINDS NEW JOB * - Former Kaiser Helps Build Dikes to Keep His Castle Dry. I \ Ti'.e Hague, Jan. 5.—The Bentinek I castle at Amerongen is in grea. dan I ger of having the first floor flooded through the swelling of the Rhine ! which flows a few miles from the \ ca. tie. In some places the water is al ready as high as the dikes which sur round the castle and the dikes are ba ting strengthened with wood and sana , bags, etc., in order to prevent the j water overflowing. The ex-kaiser assisted in the work of building Uip the dikes, placing pieces of wood. The ex-kaiserin also arrived with members of the Bentick family as onlookers of the work. No. one is allowed to walk the path which sun ounds the castle and which is built on the dikes. -—o Home Guard Will Meet. All members of the Home Guard are ordered to meet at the court house January 10 at 2:JO p, m. to decid’e what disposition to make ol uniforms and guns.—Geov Briant, Captain; J.G. Sanderson, Lieutenant; A. S. Fellows. Lieutenant. 2t
JUDGE GEO, R. HSYKIE | PRS3S3ES OYER COURT I III liis Instruction to tint ml Jury _ Judge Haynie Pays Kespcets to Hoof Wine and Iron Kt Al. Judge George R. Haynie, of Pres cott. and one of the leading jurists of the state, and who is also one of the leading candidates for governor, is here holding the Little River Circuit Court, which convened Monday after noon. Judge Haynie is exchanging work with Judge .las. S S'eoi, who is conducting the former's court at Pres- 1 cott. Otherwise the usual officials are serving the court, Prosecuting At- j torney A. I) DuLaney and Deputy G. R. Steel. Sheriff*J. R. Pierce and the Clerk, Jas. H. Williams. The grand jury was organized and instructed Monday afternoon after Which they adjourned until Tuesday morning when the real work began. The petit jury was not organized un til Tuesday morning. The following men were empaneled on the grand jury: D. A. Cobb. Jr., H. P. Haizlip, Henry Phillips. J. W. Edwards, F. M. Ed wards, Vick Pauley, L. D. Baggarley. A. E. Hale, G. R. Burris. F.M. Davis, T. W. McCall, Emmett Franklin, 0,P. Gill, I>. Price. Dr. A. N. Wood, A.T. Crimes. Instruction to Jury.
Aider trie organizaion of grand jury Judge Haynie delivered a most elo quent. and instructive charge to the jury. The Judges manner of deliver ing a charge is quite original and car ries with it force. He touched in his own way the various catalog of crimes with which the grand jury might have to deal. He emphasized the fact that a mail must not take into considera tion his own opinion of any law, but solely that it is the law and should be enforced. He hoped and believed that the time was no far off when it would be a penitentiary offense to “tote" a pistol, but since it was not the law to do the best they coulu' for them under the present law by giving them the limit, One of the most interesting features of his charge was with re gard to the liquor law'. He said that lie had been forseeing state and nat ional prohibition for ten years and that it had come. He said that men v.itn but very few exceptions would take an occasional drink, but we all must agree that we were better off without any. That we were just gett ing to be educated up to the idea of prohibition which has at last come to stay, Then he paid his respects to Beef Wine and Iron, which he said in ! some parts of the country was so pop | lar that some drug stores hauled it in ! by the wagon load to take care of the ! trade. He said that this and other ! nostrums were doing more harm in i such places than/ whiskey, and that I some men would sell anything for money. He instructed the jury that ; any one who sold Beef Wine and Iron i or anything containing alcohol was ’ guilty of violating the liquor law He | said that he believed' that to be too i law Tuesday w’as set apart on the civil docket for the hearing of Justice of (he Peace appeal cases.
We Can Help The officials of the Arkansas State Bank are at your service in all financial affairs. Whether of not the transaction directly involves this bank, we are al ways pleased when we have the oppor tunity to offer you advice and counsel. ARKANSAS STATE BANK , ASHDOWN, ARKANSAS *
lEXiSQ SHAKEN 3Y AS EARTBQ’JAKE; KABY BEAD Vera Cruz Center of Shock Felt In i Many Plales Throughout the ( or. 11 try ; Force Terrific. Mexico City, Jan. 4,—Scores of par son;; have been killed in a violent' earthquake which occurred in many j parts of Mexico last night. The cen ter of the distni bance is believed to j hi ve been near the volcano'of Ori zabo. Incomplete press reports indicate that the stale of Vera Cruz suffered more ihan any other section, although ! seismic disturbances were felt through out the republic. Advices from Cor doba say that 30 dead have already been accounted lor in the vicinity of i San Juan Coscomatepec, where many ! houses were destroyed. There are un- | confirmed reports of a similar cata- j strophe in the village of Hoatdsco. At Jalnpa, further north, 50 vie- ! *ims of the earthquake have been counted including numerous dead'. Lack of communication with the other towns and villages in the thea ter of the disturbance make even an approximate estimate of the casual ties impossible. Seas is Churned. The earthquake caused great alarm in the large cities, Marine disturb ances have occurred off Vera Cruz city, and there were some casualties there, although the number is not known, with considerable destruction of property. From San Juan Coscomatepec it is reported that the shocks still continu ed today. Information secured1 from the gov ernment observatory at Tucubaya show that there were three distinct shocks, he strength of which decen tralized the instruments* The first shock, which occurred at 9:15 o’clock on Saturday evening, lasted live min l utes. The second, at 10:25 p. m. was brief but of terrific intensity and was j accompanied by terrifying subterr n ! ean noises. The third shock, at. 11:01 , o'clock, was not discernible except by 1 the seismograph.
Panic Indescribable. The panic in the capital among the ignorant classes was indescribable. I Many of the people fled from their ' homes and flocked to the churches. The Indians in the suburbs hurried to the shrine of the Virgin of Guada lupe. | From Tuluca, Cuernavaca, and ’ Puebla come stories of panic. Slight damage was done to the badly con j structed homes of poor people. Panic : reigned in various cities and villages , in the state of Vera Cruz, where the i people left their homes and spent the night in the streets, i The damage in Mexico City was lim ited to cracks in the larger buildings. There were no deaths and none of the inhabitants was injured. While the government observatory ha not decided what caused the shocks, reports received from Cordo i ha, state of Vera Cruz, assert that I they were due to the volcano Orizaba, ■ although the meagre dispatches con i tain nothing regarding a possible eruption or of a volcanic disturbance. The two hugh volcanoes near Mex ico City—Popocatepel and Intlacci huali—have shown no signs of distur bance. The shocks were felt heavily among the towns along the ridge val ley of Mexico, -o TWO BUSINESS CHANGES Love Hros. Sell Interest In Ashdown Grocery and Huy Garrett Store. The most notable first of the year business changes in Ashdown was a j deal whereby H. B. Wilson purchased j the interest of Ben and Locke Love in the Ashdown Grocery Company,They have been id'entified with this com pany. which is a joint stock company, for the past, year or more. This leav es Mr. Wilson in charge of the busi ness. Love brothers have purchased the grocery and feed store of J. M. Garrett on Front street and will en gage in a general grocery business. They expect to install a delivery ser vice. They are well known young j business men and should enjoy a good ! business.
-o BODIES TO BE RETURNED France to Permit Disinterment of ( 2(KOOO American Dead. Paris, Jan 3.-—The French govern ment has granted permission for the removal of the bodies of 20,000 Anier an soldiers burled in France to die 1 United States. The bodies to be re- | moved are those buried in cemeteries nitside the ?one of the armies, and do include those gathered into big ■' mi <. -materies in he army nos.
5,483 RADICALS HAVE MM ARRESTED IN U. S. Ilepurt.nl ion Proceedings are to begin nt Kills !s!:ii>(i immediately and j vli.ny to He turn to Russia. - I Washington, Jan. 3—"Perfect cas-! es." against 2,618 of the radicals ar rested last night and' today, has been j reported to the departin' nt of justice, i Assistant Attorney General Garvin announced. The reports. Mr. Garvan j said, deal! mainly with the arrest of 1 aliens and are far from complete, By cities, they number: Mow York 2nl "perfect ones,” rol- ] mninous amount of literature records ' and books of the organization were j seized. Newark 300 “perfect cases” and high officials including the state organizer for the Communist Party were taken. Implements of destruction also were captured. Detroit more than 600 persons ar rested. 207 of whom have been exam ined without the release of any, Buffalo 73 persons held' without bail and others still being examined. Chicago approximately 300 held by federal agents.
Baltimore 24 persons arrested and several tons of literature and the membership ro'1 of the Lettish branch of the Communist Bart}' seised. Boston, heading the list of 600 ar rests. was the name of Koralius, nat ional Communist Party organizer. Pa pers and records seized. Brockton 1 >o persons arrested, and practically till of them Lithuanians. Philadelphia, arrests totalled' 125. more than 100 were “perfect cases.’’ Trenton and Camden, N. J„ 116 “per fect cases." St. Louis, most of the 55 arrests were Croatia'ns in the coal fields of Il linois and the foreign quarters of St I oitis. Arrests in New Hampshire, estimat ed at more than 200. Pittsburg agents reported the arrest of 24 and a Louver six men were in custody. A new feature of the present raid was the drive at the sources of pro paganda. The Communist party alone had 25 newspapers printed in several languages actively supporting its causes. The Communist Labor group the second radical contingent against which, the raid's were directed, was said not to have gained the strength in propaganda through its newspaper so much as through literature, tons of which were taken in the 33 cities i where raids were conducted. Only aliens were included in the “perfect cases,” according to officials. Continuation of the raids for today ! were ordered by Mr. Garvan when it became evident last night that local raids in several cities, staged against the request of the attorney general had i not effectually disrupted plans of the federal agents.
Arrests Total 4,5(10. Washington, Jan. 3.—Arrests in the j nation-wide radical raid last night and today had exceeded 4,500 at noon, it was estimated at the department of justice. More than half of this num ber probably will be held for depor tation officials said. Scores of parlor bolshevists were among those arrested’ in the raids, of ficials said. These, it was admitted may have to be dealt with under the state laws, as they are citizens. Assistant Attorney General Garvan, in charge of the raids, said more than 2,000 persons were held on "perfect cases" and that the raid promised to be not only the greatest in scope but also the greatest in results of any in history. In every city where the raiding machinery was set in motion, he said, success attended the efforts, Four thousand warrants were issued’, but the arrests exceeded the number. Besides the 2.000 “perfect cases,” Air Garvan said, federal agents ob tained sufficient evidence to justify the arrest of the others. In nearly two score cities depart ment of justice agents swoped down upon headquarters and other meeting places of communists, arresting scores and making records and radical litera ture. Among those taken into custo dy were men regarded by the govern ment as ringleaders in the armistice propaganda. Other laders are being sought. -o
A New Dairy. F. 0. Bryant, who is meat cutter for the Model Grocery Company, has pur-; chased six Jersey cows at Nashville,' and has opened a dairy this week at the Lott farm east of town. He will continue his work, hu will have a man in charge of the dairy.
£9!8 eomH ESTIVATE WAS HUGH TOO H:3fi The Crop of 191!) Was Over Estimated ■if I.ties! a Villon Bales. Says I'otton Association. Tattle Rock. Jan. 5.— (Special)— It is claimed by the Arrreiiean Co'tor Association, that the government es timate of the 1919 crop is a* least a i half million bales too high. It is ai- j leyod that this is due to the fact that ; cotton held over from the 1918 crop! bos been inclined as part of this year's ; yield. The farmers, merchants and bank ers of Arkansas, who are interested in the organization of the Arkansas Di vision of the Cotton Association, have been asked to write their Congress men and Senators immediately, to support the resolution providing for a le-canvass of the cotton belt on gin ning and indicated yield. The American Cotton Association, through its representatives in Wash ington. has asked that a joint reso lution be passed requiring the Census Department to show the amount of cotton brought over from pievious years handled at the gins and counted in liis year's yield. The Association find, by a carefully conducted canvass, that a record-breaking amount has been counted’. There was not only a very large amount of cotton brought over as seed cotton this year and gin ned this year, but following the closing of the war, this has been a general clean up year. Samples, pockets, re gins, “city crop.” cotton drawn from reconditioning, undersized bales; in fact all warehouses and places of storage have been thoroughly cleaned of all cotton, and this cotton has been taker, to the gins and baled. This cot ton has been counted in he present year’s crop incorrectly.
“Tlie ten-year average shows that percentage of ginning at this season ro be S6 per cent, says President Wan nnmaker. “We find that the present crop opened' prematurely on account ol adverse seasons in the South At lantic States and, due to the dry sea ! son, it has been gathered and ginned '■ more closely than in any similar per ' icd within the last twenty-five years. In the Western belt, cotton remaining iii the fields has been so badly damag ed by ioug continuous rains, that much of it is practically worthless. rr’’-’ amount of cotton ginned from the growing crop is certainly in ex , cess of the ten-year average of SC : per cent, as shown by the government. i i It is the concensus of opinion of our : experts and others, that the govern ment is showing a large yield than ! any of the private reports and has | over-estimated the cron based uuon j I the above conditions, conservatively, I five hundred thousand bales." I -n Buys Corn Mill. I i TV K T.-ewis has purchn-eo the corn 1 mill of the Ashdown Milling Company ! just west of the K. C. S. tracks, and ' will continue its operation, grinding 1 meal and chops, I
mm kew wells mi W BE BRSLLEB m UHIOK Large Development Program is Pro posed l»y Oil Operators in Ll Dorado, Union ('ounty. El Dorado. .Tan. 5.—Extensive oil drO’ing operations will be initiated in Union county during the next 60 days, according to the plans of oil opera tors. Seve”al contracts have been awarded during the past few days and mans b ye been made for the sinking of approximatedv 23 wells in various parts of the county. No new developments were reported today from the Trinity Petroleum Corporation well near the Union coun ty-Columbia county line. Officials of the company expect to bring the well in within a short time, as a favorable showing of oii lias been obtained. Two wells are being drilled at the present time. They are the Trinity well and the Constantine well, two miles west of El Dorado. Drilling of the latter well was started last Sun day. L. A. Conyer of Tulsa, owner of a large acreage in leases, has awarded a con!’•act for a well near Norphlet, six miles north of El Dorado, Work will be started within 60 days. The Foran company has awarded a contract for a well at Upland', six miles south of El Dorado. The con tract provides drilling shall be start ed by Fepruary 15. The Big Six com pany expects to start operations near Hillsboro within 40 days. Garland Grace, owner of leases on 16,000 acres in the county has award ed a contract for a well at Nick Springs, six miles southeast of El Dor ado. Drilling will be started within 60 days. Considerable activity in lease trad ing has been reported, but few of the transactions have been recorded with the full purchase price. It was report ed today that no leases were being sold within a one-mile radius of the Trinity well. Lease sales in other parts of the county are reported as ranging from <3 2 to $250 an acre. El Dorado is crowded with visiting operators and lease holders, The local hotels are unable to accommodate the visitors and residences are being thrown open to the visitors. -o
HOME STILL SEIZED Officers Raid Residence of Former Fort Smith Policeman. Ft. Smith, Jan. 4—A home distil lery was seized today by federal rev enue officials and police officials at the home of Albert F. Steiner, a for mer policeman. The plant consisted of a copper stil! with a 10-gallon ca pacity. a worm, five 12-gallon stone i .iars ii«ed. it is said for fermentation ' purposes, two case of corn syrup, a | jar f mash in the state of fermenta- - i tion and a jar of alcohol. The plan was found in a bath room in the second1 floor of Steiner's home, ! according to the officers. Steiner was j placed under $2,000 bond.
NEW SAFETY DEPOSIT BOXES We have recently installed 55 new Safety Deposit Boxes. These boxes are made of the highest grade of steel and are the safest, strongest and most fire-proof boxes ever brought to Little River County. We can now accommodate persons having Liberty Bonds, Notes, Insurance Policies, Deed’s and other papers which cannot be safely kept, about the house. These boxes are double key luck—you keep a key and we keep one, but neither will open the box without the other. Let us show you how safely and privately you can keep and nrnteot y,c\wr ^
JNAL bank <1


Beyond FUBAR
English is lousy with acronyms, and the only thing we like more than acronyms … is lexicalizing our acronyms.  No one is better at this than the military. Not only does the military love acronyms, but they also love swearing, and the marriage of swearing and acronyms is a happy one indeed. It is this joyful domestic union which has brought us such masterpieces as SNAFU (Situation Nominal: All Fucked Up), SUSFU (Situation Unchanged: Still Fucked Up), TARFU (Totally And Royally Fucked Up), and – my personal favorite – BOHICA (Bend Over, Here It Comes Again).
Lexicalized acronyms are a great vessel for new swears because their meaning is directly encoded in the word itself. And while abbreviations like OMFG and STFU have their uses, only lexicalized acronyms can be seamlessly incorporated into spoken language. Too long has the military had a monopoly on this powerful and versatile swear-form. It’s time for the workers to own the means of swear production. Here’s a few brand new fuckronyms for your perusal:
- FISOW – Fucked In Several Obvious Ways
- LAFLA – Looking Amazing, Feeling Like Ass
- GRIMP – Greedy Racist In Management Position
- FWAP – Fucked Without A Prayer
- SOYMAN – Shitting Out Your Mouth, Ad Nauseum
- ALWAES – At Least We’re All Equally Shafted
- WEGAS – Who Even Gives A Shit
and finally,
- ORBUS – Occasionally Rad, But Usually Shitty
Think of the above as a linguistic aperitif to get your own swear engines rumbling. I look forward to plenty more frankenwords from the lot of you.


substr
(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)
substr — 返回字符串的子串
说明
string substr ( string $string , int $start [, int $length ] )
返回字符串 string 由 start 和 length 参数指定的子字符串。
参数
string
输入字符串。必须至少有一个字符。
start
如果 start 是非负数，返回的字符串将从 string 的 start 位置开始，从 0 开始计
算。例如，在字符串 “abcdef” 中，在位置 0 的字符是 “a”，位置 2 的字符串是 “c
” 等等。
如果 start 是负数，返回的字符串将从 string 结尾处向前数第 start 个字符开始
。
如果 string 的长度小于 start，将返回 FALSE。
Example #1 使用负数 start
length
如果提供了正数的 length，返回的字符串将从 start 处开始最多包括 length 个字
符（取决于 string 的长度）。
如果提供了负数的 length，那么 string 末尾处的许多字符将会被漏掉（若 start
是负数则从字符串尾部算起）。如果 start 不在这段文本中，那么将返回一个空字符
串。
如果提供了值为 0，FALSE 或 NULL 的 length，那么将返回一个空字符串。
如果没有提供 length，返回的子字符串将从 start 位置开始直到字符串结尾。
Example #2 使用负数 length
返回值
返回提取的子字符串，或者在失败时返回 FALSE。
更新日志
版本 说明
7.0.0 如果 string 的字符串长度与 start 相同时将返回一个空字符串。在之前的版本
中，这种情况将返回 FALSE 。
5.2.2 - If the start parameter indicates the position of a negative truncation
5.2.6 or beyond, false is returned. Other versions get the string from start.
范例
Example #3 substr() 基本用法
Example #4 substr() casting behaviour
Output of the above example in PHP 7:
1) 'pe'
2) '54'
3) 'gr'
4) '1'
5) false
6) false
7) '1200'
Output of the above example in PHP 5:
1) 'pe'
2) '54'
3) 'gr'
4) '1'
5) false
6) false
7) '1200'
错误／异常
错误时返回 FALSE。
参见
• strrchr() - 查找指定字符在字符串中的最后一次出现
• substr_replace() - 替换字符串的子串
• preg_match() - 执行一个正则表达式匹配
• trim() - 去除字符串首尾处的空白字符（或者其他字符）
• mb_substr() - 获取字符串的部分
• wordwrap() - 打断字符串为指定数量的字串
• 字符串访问和修改
User Contributed Notes 64 notes
===============================================================================
For getting a substring of UTF-8 characters, I highly recommend mb_substr
===============================================================================
may be by following functions will be easier to extract the needed sub parts
from a string:
here comes the source:
===============================================================================
Anyone coming from the Python world will be accustomed to making substrings by
using a "slice index" on a string. The following function emulates basic
Python string slice behavior. (A more elaborate version could be made to
support array input as well as string, and the optional third "step" argument.)
The $slice parameter can be a single character index, or a range separated by a
colon. The start of the range is inclusive and the end is exclusive, which may
be counterintuitive. (Eg, py_slice('abcdefg', '2:4') yields 'cd' not 'cde'). A
negative range value means to count from the end of the string instead of the
beginning. Both the start and end of the range may be omitted; the start
defaults to 0 and the end defaults to the total length of the input.
The output from the examples:
c
cd
cdefg
abcd
abcd
efg
===============================================================================
Hmm ... this is a script I wrote, whitch is very similar to substr, but it
isn't takes html and bbcode for counting and it takes portion of string and
show avoided (html & bbcode) tags too ;]
Specially usefull for show part of serach result included html and bbcode tags
]*?>|<\/\w+>)/i';
$clean = preg_replace($pattern, chr(1), $string);
if(!$length)
$str = substr($clean, $start);
else {
$str = substr($clean, $start, $length);
$str = substr($clean, $start, $length + substr_count($str, chr(1)));
}
$pattern = str_replace(chr(1),'(.*?)',preg_quote($str));
if(preg_match('/'.$pattern.'/is', $string, $matched))
return $matched[0];
return $string;
}
?>
Using this is similar to simple substr.
Greatings ;]
...
===============================================================================
30 )
{
echo substr($description,0,strpos($description,’ ‘,30)); //
strpos to find ‘ ‘ after 30 characters.
}
else {
echo $description;
}
?>
===============================================================================
I have developed a function with a similar outcome to jay's
Checks if the last character is or isnt a space. (does it the normal way if it
is)
It explodes the string into an array of seperate works, the effect is... it
chops off anything after and including the last space.
===============================================================================
This function can replace substr() in some situations you don't want to cut
right in the middle of a word. strtrim will cut between words when it is
possible choosing the closest possible final string len to return. the
maxoverflow parameter lets you choose how many characters can overflow past the
maxlen parameter.
$maxlen) {
if ($CONF["BODY_TRIM_METHOD_STRLEN"]) {
return substr($str, 0, $maxlen);
}
$output = NULL;
$body = explode(" ", $str);
$body_count = count($body);
$i=0;
do {
$output .= $body[$i]." ";
$thisLen = strlen($output);
$cycle = ($thisLen < $maxlen && $i < $body_count-1 && ($thisLen+
strlen($body[$i+1])) < $maxlen+$maxoverflow?true:false);
$i++;
} while ($cycle);
return $output.$elli;
}
else return $str;
}
?>
===============================================================================
Here we have gr8 function which simply convert ip address to a number using
substr with negative offset.
You can need it if you want to compare some IP addresses converted to a
numbers.
For example when using ip2country, or eliminating same range of ip addresses
from your website :D
===============================================================================
Truncate a float number. Similar to the Excel trunc function.
1){
$result = $number[0] . "." . substr($number[1],0,$decimals);
} else {
$result = $val;
}
unset($number);
return $result;
}
echo truncate_number(99.123456,2); //result = 99.12
echo truncate_number(99.123456,5); //result = 99.12345
echo truncate_number(99.123456,1); //result = 99.1
?>
===============================================================================
Adding the $limit parameter introduced a bug that was not present in the
original. If $limit is small or negative, a string with a length exceeding the
limit can be returned. The $limit parameter should be checked. It takes
slightly more processing, but it is dwarfed in comparison to the use of strlen
().
$limit)
{
return substr($str, 0, $limit - 3) . '...';
}
else
{
return $str;
}
}
?>
===============================================================================
Regarding the utf8_substr function from lmak: The pattern '/./u' doesn't match
newline characters. This means that the substring from 0 to the total length of
the string will miss the number of characters in the end matching the number of
newlines in the string. To fix this one can add the s modifier (PCRE_DOTALL) in
the pattern:
= 3) {
$end = func_get_arg(2);
return join("",array_slice($ar[0],$start,$end));
} else {
return join("",array_slice($ar[0],$start));
}
}
?>
===============================================================================
===============================================================================
[English]
I created python similar accesing list or string with php substr & strrev
functions.
Use: str($string,$pattern)
About the python pattern,
http://docs.python.org/release/1.5.1p1/tut/strings.html
http://effbot.org/zone/python-list.htm
About of pattern structures
[start:stop:step]
Example,
";
echo str($s,"1:-3:-2");
echo "
";
echo str($s,"1:-11:-5");
echo "
";
echo str($s,"1:9:4");
?>
Output,
thetoacn
eht
aom
htan
This is function phpfiddle link: http://phpfiddle.org/main/code/e82-y5d
or source;
([-]?[0-9]*|\s):([-]?[0-9]*|\s):([-]?[0-9]*|\s)
preg_match("/([-]?[0-9]*|\s?):([-]?[0-9]*|\s?):?([-]?[0-9]*|\s?)/",
$pattern, $yakala);
$start = $yakala[1];
$stop = $yakala[2];
$step = $yakala[3];
if(empty($start) && empty($stop) && $step == "-1"){//istisna durum
return strrev($str);
}else if(empty($start) && empty($stop) && isset($step)){//istisna durum
$rev = "";
$yeni = "";
if($step[0] == "-" && $stop != "-1"){$rev = "VAR";}
$atla = abs($step);
for($i = 0; $i <= strlen($str); $i++){
$offset = $i*$atla;
if(isset($str[$offset])){
$yeni = $yeni.$str[$offset];
}
}
if($rev != "VAR"){
return substr($yeni,0,strlen($str)-1);
//"hepsi boş, step dolu o da +";
}else{
return strrev(substr($yeni,0,strlen($str)-1));
//"hepsi boş, step dolu o da -";
}
}
if(empty($start) && empty($stop) && empty($step)){
return $str;
//"hepsi boş";
}else if(empty($start)){
if(isset($stop) && empty($step)){
$rev = "";
if($stop[0] == "-"){$rev = "VAR";}
if($rev != "VAR"){
return substr($str,0,$stop);
//"start ve step boş, stop dolu"
}else{
return strrev(substr($str,0,$stop));
//"start ve step boş, stop -1";
}
}else if(isset($stop) && isset($step)){
$rev = "";
if($stop[0] == "-"){$rev = "VAR";}
$yeni = "";
if($step == 1){
if($rev != "VAR"){
return $str;
//"start boş, stop ve step dolu, step 1";
}else{
return strrev(substr($str,0,abs($stop))); //abs ->
mutlak değer (-5 = 5)
//"start boş, stop -, step dolu, step 1";
}
}else{
$atla = abs($step);
for($i = 0; $i <= strlen($str); $i++){
$offset = $i*$atla;
if(isset($str[$offset])){
$yeni = $yeni.$str[$offset];
}
}
if($rev != "VAR"){
return substr($yeni,0,$stop);
//"start boş, step ve stop dolu";
}else{
return strrev(substr($yeni,0,abs($stop)));
//"start boş, step ve stop -";
}
}
}
//start boş değilse
}else if(!empty($start)){
if(isset($stop) && empty($step)){
$rev = "";
if($stop[0] == "-"){$rev = "VAR";}
if($rev != "VAR"){
return substr($str,$start,$stop);
//return "step boş, start ve stop dolu";
}else{
return strrev(substr($str,0,abs($stop)));
//"step boş, start ve stop dolu, stop -";
}
}else if(isset($stop) && isset($step)){
//hepsi dolu
$rev = "";
if($stop[0] == "-"){$rev = "VAR";}
$yeni = "";
if($step == 1){
if($rev != "VAR"){
return substr($str,$start,$stop);
//"hepsi dolu, step 1";
}else{
return substr($str,$start,abs($stop));
//"hepsi dolu, step 1, stop -";
}
}else{
if($stop[0] == "-"){$rev = "VAR";}
$atla = abs($step);
for($i = 0; $i <= strlen($str); $i++){
$offset = $i*$atla;
if(isset($str[$offset])){
$yeni = $yeni.$str[$offset];
}
}
if($rev != "VAR"){
return substr($yeni,$start,$stop);
//"hepsi dolu";
}else{
return strrev(substr($yeni,$start,abs($stop)));
//"hepsi dolu, stop -";
}
}
}
}
}
?>
Good works..
===============================================================================
To quickly trim an optional trailing slash off the end of a path name:
if (substr( $path, -1 ) == '/') $path = substr( $path, 0, -1 );
===============================================================================
Just a little function to cut a string by the wanted amount. Works in both
directions.
0)
{
if($dir == "right")
{
$start = 0;
$end = $n-$amount;
} elseif( $dir == "left") {
$start = $amount;
$end = $n;
}
return substr($str, $start, $end);
} else return false;
}
?>
Enjoy ;)
===============================================================================
If you need just a single character from the string you don't need to use
substr(), just use curly braces notation:
curly braces syntax is faster and more readable IMHO..
===============================================================================
I wanted to work out the fastest way to get the first few characters from a
string, so I ran the following experiment to compare substr, direct string
access and strstr:
The string was 6 paragraphs of Lorem Ipsum, and I was trying match the first
two words. The experiment was run 3 times and averaged. The results were:
(substr) 3.24
(direct access) 11.49
(strstr) 4.96
(With standard deviations 0.01, 0.02 and 0.04)
THEREFORE substr is the fastest of the three methods for getting the first few
letters of a string.
===============================================================================
Add on to (a function originally written by) "Matias from Argentina":
str_format_number function.
Just added handling of $String shorter then $Format by adding a side to start
the fill and a string length to the while loop.
= $FormatPos && strlen($String) > $StringPos)
{
//If its a number => stores it
if (is_numeric(substr($Format, $FormatPos, 1))) {
$Result .= substr($String, $StringPos, 1);
$StringPos++;
//If it is not a number => stores the caracter
} else {
$Result .= substr($Format, $FormatPos, 1);
}
//Next caracter at the mask.
$FormatPos++;
}
if ($Start == 'right') $Result = strrev($Result);
return $Result;
}
?>
===============================================================================
Using a 0 as the last parameter for substr().
As per examples
works no problem. However
will get you nothing. Just a quick heads up
===============================================================================
You might expect substr('123456', 6) to return an empty string. Instead it
returns boolean FALSE.
This behavior should be mentioned in the Return Values section of the manual.
Instead it is only mentioned in the Parameters section.
If you need an empty string instead of a boolean FALSE you should typecast the
result to a string.
===============================================================================
I needed a function like lpad from oracle, or right from SQL
then I use this code :
Result:
4152
------------------------------------------------
This function is really simple, I just wanted to share, maybe helps someone out
there.
regards,
===============================================================================
Split a string to an array of strings specified by an array of lengths:
split_by_lengths('teststringtestteststring', array(4,6,4,4,6)) returns:
array('test','string','test','test','string')
Don't use it on user input without some error handling!
===============================================================================
Well this is a script I wrote, what it does is chop up long words with
malicious meaning into several parts. This way, a chat in a table will not get
stretched anymore.
=20){
for($i=0;$i<=$length;$i+=10){
$new .= substr($value, $i, 10);
$new .= " ";
}
$post .= $new;
}
elseif($length <=15){
$post .= $value;
}
$post .= " ";
}
return($post);
}
// for example, this would return:
$output = text("Well this text doesn't get cut up, yet
thisssssssssssssssssssssssss one does.", 10, 5);
echo($output); // "Well this text doesn't get cup up, yet thiss sssss sssss
sssss sssss sss one does."
?>
I hope it was useful.. :)
===============================================================================
===============================================================================
I've used the between, after, before, etc functions that biohazard put together
for years and they work great. I've also added to it a new function that I use
a lot and thought others might like it as well. It uses his before/after
functions so they are required to use it.
test1 Test2
Testing
"; $paragraph_text = multi_between('', '
', $example_html); //Prints an arry of: //Array ( [1] => test1 Test2 [2] => Testing ) print_r($paragraph_text); function multi_between($this, $that, $inthat) { $counter = 0; while ($inthat) { $counter++; $elements[$counter] = before($that, $inthat); $elements[$counter] = after($this, $elements[$counter]); $inthat = after($that, $inthat); } return $elements; } //Get the help functions from biohazard's post below. ?> =============================================================================== /** what:IF A SUBSTR FROM THE GIVEN ARRAY VALUES IS IN FULL STR * This Function makes it possible to ask php like the way if * there is this or that word/letter and/or signs within any * full Context such as HTML a Text or something for example * @:return true if one of the arr value(s) found in $string * note: altenatively $array can also be a textstring if you * just look out for one occurance of a word in a full text */ function substrisInString($string,$array) { $count=0; if(is_array($array)) { foreach($array as $val) { if(substr_count($string,$val)>0) {$count++;} } } else //str instead of arrayvals sent { if(substr_count($string,$array)>0) {$count++;} } return($count>0)?true:false; } =============================================================================== II use my random password generator class boyut = $boyut; } function sifreOlustur() { //$this->boyut; $karakterler = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789!@#$%^&*()_-= +;:,.?'; $sifre = substr( str_shuffle( $karakterler ), 0, $this->boyut); print_r($sifre); } } $olustur = new SifreOlusturucu(16); $olustur->sifreOlustur(); // output: wIsLiXzH1uP@hqSm =============================================================================== substr() exhibits rather unexpected behavior with respect to when it returns "" and when it returns FALSE. Specifically, the following appears to hold (tested on PHP 5.4.19): * if $string is "", it always returns FALSE * if ($start >= 0) and ($start >= strlen($string)) it returns FALSE * if ($start >= 0) and ($length<($start - strlen($string))) it returns FALSE * if ($start < 0) then it returns FALSE if *and only if* $length<-strlen ($string). No other cases return FALSE. Note that in the last case, the position indicated by $start doesn't actually matter! Also worth noting is that if you supply a $start that is < -strlen($string), it will be treated exactly as if you had set $start = strlen($string).  These may be useful: function str_ends($string,$end){ return (substr($string,-strlen($end),strlen($end)) === $end); } function str_begins($string,$start){ return (substr($string,0,strlen($start)) === $start); } Example: if (str_ends ($filename, ".jpg")){ echo "The extension is .jpg"; } =============================================================================== For those who cannot use mb_substr for any reasons, here is a solution for Unicode strings: function substr_unicode($str, $s, $l = null) { $r = '/^.{'.(int)$s.'}(.'; $r .= ($l === null) ? '*)$' : '{'.(int)$l.'})'; $r .= '/su'; preg_match($r, $str, $o); return $o[1]; } It is EXTREMELY fast compared to the array_slice + join method suggested before, and moderately slower than mb_substr. Note: you cannot use negative values. Note 2: use mb_substr whenever you can. Only use this workaround if you can not use the library. =============================================================================== Coming to PHP from classic ASP I am used to the Left() and Right() functions built into ASP so I did a quick PHPversion. hope these help someone else making the switch function left($str, $length) { return substr($str, 0, $length); } function right($str, $length) { return substr($str, -$length); } =============================================================================== When using a value of a wrong type as second parameter , substr() does not return FALSE but NULL although the docs say, it should return FALSE on error. Prior to PHP 5.3, substr() tries to cast the second parameter to int and doesn't throw any errors. Since PHP 5.3 a warning is thrown. =============================================================================== If you want to have a string BETWEEN two strings, just use this function: =============================================================================== interesting and maybe not so obvious behavior: print substr('\\test', 2); // est print substr('\\test',1); // test if you take a closer look you will realize that the backslash was escaped, still i think it's interesting to mention :) =============================================================================== Using substr() to examine characters of a string without altering the string. can also examine subs. =============================================================================== =============================================================================== One thing to keep in mind when using string indexes and UTF-8 is that string indexes are NOT multi-byte safe. Outputs: ¤ When it logically should output "1". This is not a bug, as PHP 'normal' string functions are not intended to be multi-byte safe. This can be solved by using this function =============================================================================== Shortens the filename and its expansion has seen. 30) { $vartypesf = strrchr($file,"."); $vartypesf_len = strlen($vartypesf); $word_l_w = substr($file,0,15); $word_r_w = substr($file,-15); $word_r_a = substr($word_r_w,0,-$vartypesf_len); return $word_l_w."...".$word_r_a.$vartypesf; } else return $file; } // RETURN: Hellothisfileha...andthisfayl.exe ?> =============================================================================== Substring utf-8 strings! very simple! =============================================================================== And as always there is bound to be a bug: =$numchars) return false; if ($start<0) { $start = ($numchars)+$start+1; } if ($start>=0) { if ($limit==0) { $end=$numchars; } elseif ($limit>0) { $end = $start+($limit-1); } else { $end = ($numchars)+$limit; } for ($i=$start;($i<=$end && isset($textarray[$i]));$i++) { $return .= $textarray[$i]; } return $return; } } ?> =============================================================================== I created some functions for entity-safe splitting+lengthcounting: =$numchars) return false; if ($start<0) { $start = ($numchars)+$start+1; } if ($start>=0) { if ($limit==0) { $end=$numchars; } elseif ($limit>0) { $end = $start+($limit-1); } else { $end = ($numchars)+$limit; } for ($i=$start;$i<=$end;$i++) { $return .= $textarray[$i]; } return $return; } } ?> =============================================================================== The javascript charAt equivalent in php of felipe has a little bug. It's necessary to compare the type (implicit) aswell or the function returns a wrong result: =============================================================================== This returns the portion of str specified by the start and length parameters.. It can performs multi-byte safe on number of characters. like mb_strcut() ... Note: 1.Use it like this bite_str(string str, int start, int length [,byte of on string]); 2.First character's position is 0. Second character position is 1, and so on... 3.$byte is one character length of your encoding, For example: utf-8 is "3", gb2312 and big5 is "2"...you can use the function strlen() get it... Enjoy it :) ... --- Bleakwind QQ:940641 http://www.weaverdream.com PS:I'm sorry my english is too poor... :( $len) { $str .= "..."; break; } elseif ((ord(substr($string,$i,1)) <= 128) && ($count < $start)) { $count++; } elseif ((ord(substr($string,$i,1)) > 128) && ($count < $start)) { $count = $count+2; $i = $i+$byte-1; } elseif ((ord(substr($string,$i,1)) <= 128) && ($count >= $start)) { $str .= substr($string,$i,1); $count++; } elseif ((ord(substr($string,$i,1)) > 128) && ($count >= $start)) { $str .= substr($string,$i,$byte); $count = $count+2; $i = $i+$byte-1; } } return $str; } // Test $str = "123456 ֽ<PHONE_NUMBER>56 "; for($i=0;$i<30;$i++){ echo "


userthreads
OS/161 Reference Manual
Name
userthreads - simple user-level threads test
Synopsis
/testbin/userthreads
Description
userthreads does simple console I/O from two threads in the same
process.
Requirements
userthreads uses the following system calls:
It also assumes the existence of a function threadfork(), which takes
the address of a function to start a new thread at, and makes certain
other assumptions about thread semantics. See the source file.
If implementing user-level threads, part of your responsibility is to
update the userthreads test to work with the threads package you
write.


This paper details the best practices for using ccdoc based on feedback from users over the years. They are listed below:
In the following sections, each practice is presented a description and one or more examples.
1. General Guidelines |
Description
- Document 'HOW' not 'WHAT'.
Program documentation is most useful for users when they are told how it is meant to be used. When writing documentation think about what the user would be likely to ask you. For example, a user rarely cares about the design decisions that lead to the development of a class whereas they are very concerned with when and how to use it, which constructor should they call and which operations make sense. Here are some additional rules of thumb:
- Provide working code examples when possible. This is especially important for global functions and classes.
- Provide links to related classes and functions using the @see and {@link ...} directives.
- Provide links to related external documentation using the HTML anchor directive.
- Always provide the author (@author) for classes, global functions, global variables, global enumerations and global typedefs so that users know who to contact to get additional information.
When there are multiple authors, list them chronologically from most recent to earliest. That is the first @author statement should be the most recent author and the last @author statement should be the least recent.
- Always provide the version (@version) for classes, global functions, global variables, global enumerations and global typedefs so that users know who to contact to get additional information.
Use a revision control tag that is recognized by your revision control system for the @version when possible. This allows the automation of revision control information. For example, I generally specify my versions as use "@version $Id: best_practices.htm,v 1.3 2003/02/19 14:52:27 jlinoff Exp $" because I use the CVS revision control system.
- The user should not have to scan other source code to figure out how to do things. This leads to bad practices being propagated.
- Document return values (@returns). Be especially careful to document the conditions under which a NULL value is returned for functions/methods that return pointers.
- Document boundary conditions for function/method arguments (@param).
- Document exceptions that can be thrown by a function/method (@exception).
- Document how a user is supposed to alter their code when specifying a deprecated (@deprecated) entity.
- Document namespaces in a single place to ease maintenance. After r27, ccdoc will correctly recognize which namespace entities are documented and only use them (you can override this behavior using the -rptcfuns switch).
- Use the ///< or //!< form for single line comments.
Poor Practice Example
This example shows an example of a documented class that really doesn't help the user much:
/** * This is a directed, a cyclic graph class. * For more information on directed, acyclic graphs see the * text book "Graph Theory" by Professor S Obtuse. * This was developed to allow us to experiment with different * graph algorithms. * @author author1 * @version $Id: best_practices.htm,v 1.6 2003/02/27 05:02:51 jlinoff Exp $ * @see Node * @see Arc */ class GraphBest Practice Example
As you can see, the previous documentation clearly describes what the class is but it really doesn't do much to help the user. I think that the following is much better:
/** * This is a directed, a cyclic graph class. * For more information on directed, acyclic graphs see the * text book "Graph Theory" by Professor S Obtuse. * This was developed to allow us to experiment with different * graph algorithms. * * The example below shows how to create a simple graph and * then use the node and arc counting operations. The graph has * three nodes that are fully connected. *
 *
 *@@ #include "Graph/export/Graph.h" *@@ int main() *@@ { *@@ Graph* graph = new Graph("g1"); *@@ *@@ // Create the top nodes. *@@ graph->AddNode("N1"); *@@ graph->AddNode("N2"); *@@ graph->AddNode("N3"); *@@ *@@ // Fully connect them. *@@ graph->Connect("N1","N2"); // N1 -> N2 *@@ graph->Connect("N1","N3"); // N1 -> N3 *@@ graph->Connect("N2","N1"); // N2 -> N1 *@@ graph->Connect("N2","N3"); // N2 -> N3 *@@ graph->Connect("N3","N1"); // N3 -> N1 *@@ graph->Connect("N3","N2"); // N3 -> N2 *@@ *@@ // Count the nodes and arcs. *@@ assert( graph->GetNumNodes() == 3 ); *@@ assert( graph->GetNumArcs() == 6 ); // 3! *@@ *@@ // Clean up *@@ delete graph; *@@ *@@ return 0; *@@ } *
 *
 * The graph class also provides more complex algorithms and * heuristics for finding shortest and longest paths, partitions * etc. * * The graph class does not support hierarchy. * @author author1 * @version $Id: best_practices.htm,v 1.6 2003/02/27 05:02:51 jlinoff Exp $ * @see Node * @see Arc */As you can see, it provides a wealth of information about how to use this object. If a programmer sees this they will immediately have an idea of how to use this class. With the previous description they would have to call the author or look at code examples.
2. Code Examples |
Description
When documenting simple source code use one of the following paradigms to ensure maximum readability:
/** * Code example. *
 *
 *@@ ... *
 *
 */or
/** * Code example. *
 * *@@ ... * *
 */The
 tag is used to indent the region and the
 or  tag defines a fixed width font so that code looks more like it does in an editor. The ccdoc '@@' directive tells ccdoc to automatically convert < to < > to > and & to & to avoid confusing the HTML parser.
Do not use the <dir> tag. It does not produce readable results on most browsers.
When documenting source code that you want to embed to HTML directives in make sure that you manually convert the <, > and & characters.
Poor Practice Example
In this example, the user want to document source code with extra formatting but forgot to manually convert the <, > and & characters. This fragment will produce very strange results in HTML.
/** * Code example with highlights that doesn't work at all: *
 *
 * for( ; i<10 && i>0; ++i ) * cout << fct(i) << endl; *
 *
 */Best Practice Example
The above example produces unexpected results because the HTML parser tries to interpret '<10 && i>' as a tag with unexpected results. Changing this to the following would help but it would not fix the problem because "fct" would not show up in bold:
/** * Code example with highlights that doesn't works better: *
 *
 *@@ for( ; i<10 && i>0; ++i ) *@@ cout << fct(i) << endl; *
 *
 */In fact, "fct" shows up as "fct" in the HTML. This is very useful for documenting HTML tags but not helpful for code examples. To fix this, change it to the following:
/** * Code example with highlights that works: *
 *
 *@@ for( ; i<10 && i>0; ++i ) * cout << fct(i) >> endl; *
 *
 */Note that I kept the '@@' on the first line because there were no HTML tags embedded there and the '@@' directive is more convenient than substituting for the <, > and & characters.
3. Ordered Lists |
Description
When documenting ordered lists always use the HTML
 tag for maximum readability as follows:
/** * There are 4 things in the list: *
 *
One fish *
Two fish *
Red fish *
Blue fish *
 */This recommendation is made because large list entries that are entered use the
 tag wrap in strange ways when users resize their windows.
Poor Practice Example
In this example, the user documents a list with using the HTML
 tag.
/** * Here is a list with a long entry that will be hard to read under * certain conditions: *
 * 1. This really looks easy to read when you type it in but * for users it is a real disaster if their browser window * is too small. *
 */Best Practice Example
The above example is very hard to read when the users browser window is too small. Using the
 tag makes it much easier as shown below:
/** * Here is a list with a long entry that will be hard to read under * certain conditions: *
 *
This is easy to read when you type it in and it is easy * for users read. *
 */
4. Unordered Lists |
Description
When documenting unordered lists always use the HTML
 tag for maximum readability as follows:
/** * There are 4 things in the list: *
 *
One fish *
Two fish *
Red fish *
Blue fish *
 */This recommendation is made because large list entries that are entered use the
 tag wrap in strange ways when users resize their windows.
Poor Practice Example
In this example, the user documents a list with using the HTML
 tag.
/** * Here is a list with a long entry that will be hard to read under * certain conditions: *
 * 1. This really looks easy to read when you type it in but * for users it is a real disaster if their browser window * is too small. *
 */Best Practice Example
The above example is very hard to read when the users browser window is too small. Using the
 tag makes it much easier as shown below:
/** * Here is a list with a long entry that will be hard to read under * certain conditions: *
 *
This is easy to read when you type it in and it is easy * for users read. *
 */
5. Tables |
Description
There are two recommendations for tabular data: use the
 tag and format the data or use the
 tag. The
 tag should be used for small, simple tables that aren't likely to have fields that wrap. The
 tag should be used for complex tables.
The first example below shows how to use the
 paradigm.
/** * This enumerated type has three values as shown in * the table below: *
 * Enumeration Description * =========== ========================= * RED This is a red hue value. * GREEN This is a green hue value. * BLUE This is a blue hue value. *
As you can see, the entries are very small and are not likely to wrap. They are also easy to read in the code.
The following example is more complex because it uses anchors and extra text.
/** * This enumerated type describes the currently active * algorithm. *
 *
 * Algorithm	 * Author	 * Brief Description	 *
 *
 * Annealing Placement	 * <a<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Bar * Huston annealing algorithm.	 *
 *
 * Constructive Placement 1	 * <a<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Smart1 * An older constructive placement algorithm that * is faster than annealing placement with slightly * poorer results.	 *
 *
 * Constructive Placement 2	 * <a<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Smart1 * The latest and greatest constructive placement algorithm.	 *
 *
 */It would be difficult to produce readable output using the
 paradigm.
6. Reuse comments for derived virtual methods |
Description
Many times derived virtual methods have exactly the same function as their base counterparts. When this is the case it is recommended that you reuse the prior comment by specifying the @link directive to save typing and to improve maintainability.
Poor Practice Example
In this example, the user re-documents an existing virtual function: is_in_db().
struct A { /** * This method reports whether the specified name is * in the database. * @param name The name to search for. It can * any of the following formats: *
 *
Last, First MI *
First MI Last *
First Last *
 * @returns True if the name was found or false otherwise. * If the name is NULL, false is returned. */ virtual bool is_in_db(const char* name) const; };struct B : public A { /** * This method reports whether the specified name is * in the database. * @param name The name to search for. It can * any of the following formats: *
 *
Last, First MI *
First MI Last *
First Last *
 * @returns True if the name was found or false otherwise. * If the name is NULL, false is returned. */ virtual bool is_in_db(const char* name) const; };Best Practice Example
The problem with the previous example is maintenance. Anytime the behavior changes, both methods have to be updated. It is better to simply reference the original function unless you are really doing something different. The following example illustrates this:
struct A { /** * This method reports whether the specified name is * in the database. * @param name The name to search for. It can * any of the following formats: *
 *
Last, First MI *
First MI Last *
First Last *
 * @returns True if the name was found or false otherwise. * If the name is NULL, false is returned. */ virtual bool is_in_db(const char* name) const; }; struct B : public A { /** See {@link A::is_in_db}. */ virtual bool is_in_db(const char* name) const; };
7. Verify the output format |
Description
Before publishing ccdoc comments test them locally as shown below. Note that the first step is to manually verify that you are using the correct version of ccdoc.
% ccdoc -version % rm -rf ccdoc % mkdir ccdoc % ccdoc -db ccdoc/ccdoc.db -pkg test export/*.h % ccdoc -db ccdoc/ccdoc.db -index % ccdoc -db ccdoc/ccdoc.db -norptim -rptmac -rptfwcf -html ccdoc/ % <view in the browser of your choice>
8. Create internal documentation for developers |
Description
Ccdoc can be useful in training new subsystem developers and for reminding existing developers of whats there. I recommend creating a ccdoc target in your development makefile that generates documentation about all of the external and internal classes.
This is generally different than the documentation generated for users because it can include headers files that are not exported.
9. Hide include guards |
Description
When documenting header files, always hide the include guards unless there is a compelling reason to leave them. They are an unnecessary distraction for most users.
Another option for hiding include guards is to use the -rptmac1 switch. This will automatically ignore macros with the following name characteristics:
- Prefixes
- dll_,DLL_
- include_,INCLUDE_
- included_,INCLUDED_
- Suffixes
- _dll,_DLL
- _h,_H
- _hh,_HH,
- _include,_INCLUDE
- _included,_INCLUDED
- _included_,_INCLUDED_
This is especially useful for systems where you cannot change some of the header files.
Poor Practice Example
In this example, the user does not hide the include guard and doesn't document it leading to documentation clutter.
// Header file for stuff. #ifndef my_stuff_h #define my_stuff_h ... #endifBetter Practice Example
In this example, the user does not hide the include guard but documents it. Although this may still lead to documentation clutter, the user will be able to understand what it is.
// Header file for stuff. #ifndef my_stuff_h /** * Include guard for my_stuff.h. * @author Ima Programmer * @version $Id: best_practices.htm,v 1.6 2003/02/27 05:02:51 jlinoff Exp $ */ #define my_stuff_h ... #endifBest Practice Example
In this example, the user hides the include guard to avoid documentation clutter.
// Header file for stuff. #ifndef my_stuff_h #ifndef __ccdoc__ #define my_stuff_h #endif ... #endifAnother best practice is to not hide the include guard but use the -rptmac1 switch.
// Header file for stuff. #ifndef my_stuff_h // No need for a ccdoc guard because the // -rptmac1 switch is used. #define my_stuff_h ... #endif
10. Namespaces |
Description
When documenting the same namespace distributed over different files, choose one as the primary source and only document that one.
Poor Practice Example
In this example, the user does not document any of the Stuff namespace instances.
// file1.h namespace Stuff { int a; } // file2.h namespace Stuff { int b; }Better Practice Example
In this example, the user documents all of the Stuff namespace instances. This is better than the previous example because the user can at least determine who the author is.
// file1.h /** * This namespace does stuff. * @author A. Programmer. * @version 1.0 */ namespace Stuff { int a; } // file2.h /** * This namespace does stuff. * @author A. Programmer. * @version 1.0 */ namespace Stuff { int b; }Best Practice Example
In this example, the user documents one of the Stuff namespace instances. This is better than the previous example because it reduces documentation clutter in the ccdoc output.
// file1.h /** * This namespace does stuff. * @author A. Programmer. * @version 1.0 */ namespace Stuff { int a; } // file2.h // This is documented in file1.h namespace Stuff { int b; }
11. Templates |
Description
When documenting templates, always specify the parameter information.
Poor Practice Example
In this example, the user does not document the template at all.
template<class T1,class T2=StdAllocator> class MyArray { public: MyArray(); ~MyArray(); };Better Practice Example
In this example, the user documents the template like a class.
/** * A simple vector like collection template. * @author Joe Linoff * @version $Id: best_practices.htm,v 1.6 2003/02/27 05:02:51 jlinoff Exp $ */ template<class T1,class T2=StdAllocator> class MyArray { public: /** * Default constructor. */ MyArray(); /** * Destructor. */ ~MyArray(); };Best Practice Example
In this example, the user documents the template and its parameters.
/** * A simple vector like collection template. * @param T1 The collection entry type. * @param T2 The allocator. The default is the standard allocator. * @author Joe Linoff * @version $Id: best_practices.htm,v 1.6 2003/02/27 05:02:51 jlinoff Exp $ */ template<class T1,class T2=StdAllocator> class MyArray { public: /** * Default constructor. */ MyArray(); /** * Destructor. */ ~MyArray(); };


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| 458 | (A) | witħ sawtirs satt hym by and the psalmes tolde |
| 462 | (C) | with psalters seten hym by . þe psalmes þey redde |
| 459 | (D) | wiþ sawters sete hym by þe psalmes þei redde |
| 458 | (E) | with sawteers seet hym by . þe salmes to reede |
| (Ex) | ---- no text ---- | |
| 475 | (L) | with sawters seten hym by & þe psalmys tolde |
| 438 | (P) | with sawtres sityn hym by & þe psalmes talden |
| 456 | (U) | witħ sauters sitten him by / and psal,es thei redde |
| (V) | ---- no text ---- |


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1 Now it came to pass in the days when the judges ruled, that there was a famine in the land. And a certain man of Bethlehemjudah went to sojourn in the country of Moab, he, and his wife, and his two sons.
2 And the name of the man was Elimelech, and the name of his wife Naomi, and the name of his two sons Mahlon and Chilion, Ephrathites of Bethlehemjudah. And they came into the country of Moab, and continued there.
3 And Elimelech Naomi's husband died; and she was left, and her two sons.
4 And they took them wives of the women of Moab; the name of the one was Orpah, and the name of the other Ruth: and they dwelled there about ten years.
5 And Mahlon and Chilion died also both of them; and the woman was left of her two sons and her husband.
6 Then she arose with her daughters in law, that she might return from the country of Moab: for she had heard in the country of Moab how that the LORD had visited his people in giving them bread.
7 Wherefore she went forth out of the place where she was, and her two daughters in law with her; and they went on the way to return unto the land of Judah.
8 And Naomi said unto her two daughters in law, Go, return each to her mother's house: the LORD deal kindly with you, as ye have dealt with the dead, and with me.
9 The LORD grant you that ye may find rest, each of you in the house of her husband. Then she kissed them; and they lifted up their voice, and wept.
10 And they said unto her, Surely we will return with thee unto thy people.
11 And Naomi said, Turn again, my daughters: why will ye go with me? are there yet any more sons in my womb, that they may be your husbands?
12 Turn again, my daughters, go your way; for I am too old to have an husband. If I should say, I have hope, if I should have an husband also to night, and should also bear sons;
13 Would ye tarry for them till they were grown? would ye stay for them from having husbands? nay, my daughters; for it grieveth me much for your sakes that the hand of the LORD is gone out against me.
14 And they lifted up their voice, and wept again: and Orpah kissed her mother in law; but Ruth clave unto her.
15 And she said, Behold, thy sister in law is gone back unto her people, and unto her gods: return thou after thy sister in law.
16 And Ruth said, Intreat me not to leave thee, or to return from following after thee: for whither thou goest, I will go; and where thou lodgest, I will lodge: thy people shall be my people, and thy God my God:
17 Where thou diest, will I die, and there will I be buried: the LORD do so to me, and more also, if ought but death part thee and me.
18 When she saw that she was stedfastly minded to go with her, then she left speaking unto her.
19 So they two went until they came to Bethlehem. And it came to pass, when they were come to Bethlehem, that all the city was moved about them, and they said, Is this Naomi?
20 And she said unto them, Call me not Naomi, call me Mara: for the Almighty hath dealt very bitterly with me.
21 I went out full, and the LORD hath brought me home again empty: why then call ye me Naomi, seeing the LORD hath testified against me, and the Almighty hath afflicted me?
22 So Naomi returned, and Ruth the Moabitess, her daughter in law, with her, which returned out of the country of Moab: and they came to Bethlehem in the beginning of barley harvest.
1 And Naomi had a kinsman of her husband's, a mighty man of wealth, of the family of Elimelech; and his name was Boaz.
2 And Ruth the Moabitess said unto Naomi, Let me now go to the field, and glean ears of corn after him in whose sight I shall find grace. And she said unto her, Go, my daughter.
3 And she went, and came, and gleaned in the field after the reapers: and her hap was to light on a part of the field belonging unto Boaz, who was of the kindred of Elimelech.
4 And, behold, Boaz came from Bethlehem, and said unto the reapers, The LORD be with you. And they answered him, The LORD bless thee.
5 Then said Boaz unto his servant that was set over the reapers, Whose damsel is this?
6 And the servant that was set over the reapers answered and said, It is the Moabitish damsel that came back with Naomi out of the country of Moab:
7 And she said, I pray you, let me glean and gather after the reapers among the sheaves: so she came, and hath continued even from the morning until now, that she tarried a little in the house.
8 Then said Boaz unto Ruth, Hearest thou not, my daughter? Go not to glean in another field, neither go from hence, but abide here fast by my maidens:
9 Let thine eyes be on the field that they do reap, and go thou after them: have I not charged the young men that they shall not touch thee? and when thou art athirst, go unto the vessels, and drink of that which the young men have drawn.
10 Then she fell on her face, and bowed herself to the ground, and said unto him, Why have I found grace in thine eyes, that thou shouldest take knowledge of me, seeing I am a stranger?
11 And Boaz answered and said unto her, It hath fully been shewed me, all that thou hast done unto thy mother in law since the death of thine husband: and how thou hast left thy father and thy mother, and the land of thy nativity, and art come unto a people which thou knewest not heretofore.
12 The LORD recompense thy work, and a full reward be given thee of the LORD God of Israel, under whose wings thou art come to trust.
13 Then she said, Let me find favour in thy sight, my lord; for that thou hast comforted me, and for that thou hast spoken friendly unto thine handmaid, though I be not like unto one of thine handmaidens.
14 And Boaz said unto her, At mealtime come thou hither, and eat of the bread, and dip thy morsel in the vinegar. And she sat beside the reapers: and he reached her parched corn, and she did eat, and was sufficed, and left.
15 And when she was risen up to glean, Boaz commanded his young men, saying, Let her glean even among the sheaves, and reproach her not:
16 And let fall also some of the handfuls of purpose for her, and leave them, that she may glean them, and rebuke her not.
17 So she gleaned in the field until even, and beat out that she had gleaned: and it was about an ephah of barley.
18 And she took it up, and went into the city: and her mother in law saw what she had gleaned: and she brought forth, and gave to her that she had reserved after she was sufficed.
19 And her mother in law said unto her, Where hast thou gleaned to day? and where wroughtest thou? blessed be he that did take knowledge of thee. And she shewed her mother in law with whom she had wrought, and said, The man's name with whom I wrought to day is Boaz.
20 And Naomi said unto her daughter in law, Blessed be he of the LORD, who hath not left off his kindness to the living and to the dead. And Naomi said unto her, The man is near of kin unto us, one of our next kinsmen.
21 And Ruth the Moabitess said, He said unto me also, Thou shalt keep fast by my young men, until they have ended all my harvest.
22 And Naomi said unto Ruth her daughter in law, It is good, my daughter, that thou go out with his maidens, that they meet thee not in any other field.
23 So she kept fast by the maidens of Boaz to glean unto the end of barley harvest and of wheat harvest; and dwelt with her mother in law.
1 Then Naomi her mother in law said unto her, My daughter, shall I not seek rest for thee, that it may be well with thee?
2 And now is not Boaz of our kindred, with whose maidens thou wast? Behold, he winnoweth barley to night in the threshingfloor.
3 Wash thyself therefore, and anoint thee, and put thy raiment upon thee, and get thee down to the floor: but make not thyself known unto the man, until he shall have done eating and drinking.
4 And it shall be, when he lieth down, that thou shalt mark the place where he shall lie, and thou shalt go in, and uncover his feet, and lay thee down; and he will tell thee what thou shalt do.
5 And she said unto her, All that thou sayest unto me I will do.
6 And she went down unto the floor, and did according to all that her mother in law bade her.
7 And when Boaz had eaten and drunk, and his heart was merry, he went to lie down at the end of the heap of corn: and she came softly, and uncovered his feet, and laid her down.
8 And it came to pass at midnight, that the man was afraid, and turned himself: and, behold, a woman lay at his feet.
9 And he said, Who art thou? And she answered, I am Ruth thine handmaid: spread therefore thy skirt over thine handmaid; for thou art a near kinsman.
10 And he said, Blessed be thou of the LORD, my daughter: for thou hast shewed more kindness in the latter end than at the beginning, inasmuch as thou followedst not young men, whether poor or rich.
11 And now, my daughter, fear not; I will do to thee all that thou requirest: for all the city of my people doth know that thou art a virtuous woman.
12 And now it is true that I am thy near kinsman: howbeit there is a kinsman nearer than I.
13 Tarry this night, and it shall be in the morning, that if he will perform unto thee the part of a kinsman, well; let him do the kinsman's part: but if he will not do the part of a kinsman to thee, then will I do the part of a kinsman to thee, as the LORD liveth: lie down until the morning.
14 And she lay at his feet until the morning: and she rose up before one could know another. And he said, Let it not be known that a woman came into the floor.
15 Also he said, Bring the vail that thou hast upon thee, and hold it. And when she held it, he measured six measures of barley, and laid it on her: and she went into the city.
16 And when she came to her mother in law, she said, Who art thou, my daughter? And she told her all that the man had done to her.
17 And she said, These six measures of barley gave he me; for he said to me, Go not empty unto thy mother in law.
18 Then said she, Sit still, my daughter, until thou know how the matter will fall: for the man will not be in rest, until he have finished the thing this day.
1 Then went Boaz up to the gate, and sat him down there: and, behold, the kinsman of whom Boaz spake came by; unto whom he said, Ho, such a one! turn aside, sit down here. And he turned aside, and sat down.
2 And he took ten men of the elders of the city, and said, Sit ye down here. And they sat down.
3 And he said unto the kinsman, Naomi, that is come again out of the country of Moab, selleth a parcel of land, which was our brother Elimelech's:
4 And I thought to advertise thee, saying, Buy it before the inhabitants, and before the elders of my people. If thou wilt redeem it, redeem it: but if thou wilt not redeem it, then tell me, that I may know: for there is none to redeem it beside thee; and I am after thee. And he said, I will redeem it.
5 Then said Boaz, What day thou buyest the field of the hand of Naomi, thou must buy it also of Ruth the Moabitess, the wife of the dead, to raise up the name of the dead upon his inheritance.
6 And the kinsman said, I cannot redeem it for myself, lest I mar mine own inheritance: redeem thou my right to thyself; for I cannot redeem it.
7 Now this was the manner in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning changing, for to confirm all things; a man plucked off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbour: and this was a testimony in Israel.
8 Therefore the kinsman said unto Boaz, Buy it for thee. So he drew off his shoe.
9 And Boaz said unto the elders, and unto all the people, Ye are witnesses this day, that I have bought all that was Elimelech's, and all that was Chilion's and Mahlon's, of the hand of Naomi.
10 Moreover Ruth the Moabitess, the wife of Mahlon, have I purchased to be my wife, to raise up the name of the dead upon his inheritance, that the name of the dead be not cut off from among his brethren, and from the gate of his place: ye are witnesses this day.
11 And all the people that were in the gate, and the elders, said, We are witnesses. The LORD make the woman that is come into thine house like Rachel and like Leah, which two did build the house of Israel: and do thou worthily in Ephratah, and be famous in Bethlehem:
12 And let thy house be like the house of Pharez, whom Tamar bare unto Judah, of the seed which the LORD shall give thee of this young woman.
13 So Boaz took Ruth, and she was his wife: and when he went in unto her, the LORD gave her conception, and she bare a son.
14 And the women said unto Naomi, Blessed be the LORD, which hath not left thee this day without a kinsman, that his name may be famous in Israel.
15 And he shall be unto thee a restorer of thy life, and a nourisher of thine old age: for thy daughter in law, which loveth thee, which is better to thee than seven sons, hath born him.
16 And Naomi took the child, and laid it in her bosom, and became nurse unto it.
17 And the women her neighbours gave it a name, saying, There is a son born to Naomi; and they called his name Obed: he is the father of Jesse, the father of David.
18 Now these are the generations of Pharez: Pharez begat Hezron,
19 And Hezron begat Ram, and Ram begat Amminadab,
20 And Amminadab begat Nahshon, and Nahshon begat Salmon,
21 And Salmon begat Boaz, and Boaz begat Obed,
22 And Obed begat Jesse, and Jesse begat David.
| << Judges | Contents | 1 Samuel >> |


Transactions are groups of operations that are combined into logical units of work. They are used to control and maintain the consistency and integrity of each action in a transaction, despite errors that might occur in the system.
With the Microsoft SQL Server JDBC Driver, transactions can be either local or distributed. Transactions can also use isolation levels. For more information about the isolation levels supported by the JDBC driver, see Understanding Isolation Levels.
Applications should control transactions by either using Transact-SQL statements or the methods provided by the JDBC driver, but not both. Using both Transact-SQL statements and JDBC API methods on the same transaction might lead to problems, such as a transaction cannot be committed when expected, a transaction is committed or rolled back and a new one starts unexpectedly, or "Failed to resume the transaction" exceptions.
Using Local Transactions
A transaction is considered to be local when it is a single-phase transaction, and it is handled by the database directly. The JDBC driver supports local transactions by using various methods of the SQLServerConnection class, including setAutoCommit, commit, and rollback. Local transactions are typically managed explicitly by the application or automatically by the Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (Java EE) application server.
The following example performs a local transaction that consists of two separate statements in the try
block. The statements are run against the Production.ScrapReason table in the AdventureWorks SQL Server 2005 sample database, and they are committed if no exceptions are thrown. The code in the catch
block rolls back the transaction if an exception is thrown.
public static void executeTransaction(Connection con) { try { //Switch to manual transaction mode by setting //autocommit to false. Note that this starts the first //manual transaction. con.setAutoCommit(false); Statement stmt = con.createStatement(); stmt.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO Production.ScrapReason(Name) VALUES('Wrong size')"); stmt.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO Production.ScrapReason(Name) VALUES('Wrong color')"); con.commit(); //This commits the transaction and starts a new one. stmt.close(); //This turns off the transaction. System.out.println("Transaction succeeded. Both records were written to the database."); } catch (SQLException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); try { System.out.println("Transaction failed."); con.rollback(); } catch (SQLException se) { se.printStackTrace(); } } }
Using Distributed Transactions
A distributed transaction updates data on two or more networked databases while retaining the important atomic, consistent, isolated, and durable (ACID) properties of transaction processing. Distributed transaction support was added to the JDBC API in the JDBC 2.0 Optional API specification. The management of distributed transactions is typically performed automatically by the Java Transaction Service (JTS) transaction manager in a Java EE application server environment. However, the Microsoft SQL Server JDBC Driver supports distributed transactions under any Java Transaction API (JTA) compliant transaction manager.
The JDBC driver seamlessly integrates with Microsoft Distributed Transaction Coordinator (MS DTC) to provide true distributed transaction support with SQL Server. MS DTC is a distributed transaction facility provided by Microsoft for Microsoft Windows systems. MS DTC uses proven transaction processing technology from Microsoft to support XA features such as the complete two-phase distributed commit protocol and the recovery of distributed transactions.
For more information about how to use distributed transactions, see Understanding XA Transactions.


2. Sections Message Data
,
Predefined Reduction Operations
,
External Data Representation: ``external32''
Table External Data Representation: ``external32''
,
and Annex Defined Constants
on pages Message Data
,
Predefined Reduction Operations
,
External Data Representation: ``external32''
,
and Defined Constants
, and
MPI-2.2 Sections 3.2.2, 5.9.2, 13.5.2 Table 13.2, 16.1.16 Table 16.1, and Annex A.1.1 on pages 27, 164, 433, 472 and 513
This is an MPI-2.2 erratum:
New named predefined datatypes MPI_CXX_BOOL, MPI_CXX_FLOAT_COMPLEX,
MPI_CXX_DOUBLE_COMPLEX, and MPI_CXX_LONG_DOUBLE_COMPLEX were added
in C and Fortran corresponding to the C++ types
bool, std::complex<float>, std::complex<double>, and std::complex<long double>.
These datatypes also correspond to the deprecated C++ predefined datatypes
MPI::BOOL, MPI::COMPLEX, MPI::DOUBLE_COMPLEX, and MPI::LONG_DOUBLE_COMPLEX,
which were removed in MPI-3.0.
The non-standard C++ types Complex<...> were substituted by the standard types std::complex<...>.
3. Sections Predefined Reduction Operations
on pages Predefined Reduction Operations
and
MPI-2.2 Section 5.9.2, page 165, line 47.
This is an MPI-2.2 erratum:
MPI_C_COMPLEX was added to the ``Complex'' reduction group.
4. Section Topology Inquiry Functions
on page Topology Inquiry Functions
, and
MPI-2.2, Section 7.5.5 on page 257, C++ interface on page 264, line 3.
This is an MPI-2.2 erratum:
The argument rank was removed and in/outdegree are
now defined as int& indegree and int& outdegree
in the C++ interface of
MPI_DIST_GRAPH_NEIGHBORS_COUNT.
5. Section External Data Representation: ``external32''
, Table External Data Representation: ``external32''
on page External Data Representation: ``external32''
, and
MPI-2.2, Section 13.5.3, Table 13.2 on page 433.
This was an MPI-2.2 erratum:
The MPI_C_BOOL ``external32'' representation is corrected to a 1-byte size.
6. MPI-2.2 Section 16.1.16 on page 471, line 45.
This is an MPI-2.2 erratum:
The constant MPI::_LONG_LONG should be MPI::LONG_LONG.
7. Annex Defined Constants
on page Defined Constants
, Table ``Optional datatypes (Fortran),'' and
MPI-2.2, Annex A.1.1, Table on page 517, lines 34, and 37-41.
This is an MPI-2.2 erratum:
The C++ datatype handles MPI::INTEGER16, MPI::REAL16,
MPI::F_COMPLEX4, MPI::F_COMPLEX8, MPI::F_COMPLEX16, MPI::F_COMPLEX32
were added to the table.


CHAPTER 466D
respiratory therapists
Section
466D-1 Definitions
466D-2 Respiratory therapist program
466D-3 License required
466D-4 Physician supervision required
466D-5 Powers and duties of the director
466D-6 Fees; disposition
466D-7 Exemptions
466D-8 Application for license as a respiratory therapist
466D-9 Licensure by endorsement
466D-10 Renewal of license
466D-11 Grounds for refusal to renew, reinstate, or
restore a license and for revocation, suspension,
denial, or condition of a license
Note
Subject to evaluation, this chapter is repealed effective June 30, 2016. See §26H-4.
Employment of personnel. L 2010, c 178, §4.
Assessment under §26H-4 removed. L 2016, c 14, §2.


--- title: National Day Of Civic Hacking permalink: "/ndoch/" layout: page type: hidden ---
| 9:30 AM EDT |
Opening Remarks
#cafe-hangout is open all day. If you have some questions need tech help or just
want to take a
break and chat come and stop by.
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10:00 AM EDT |
Activity BlockFood Link in Arlington
Speaker: Elise Springuel Operations Manager
Food Link MA is a food rescue organization that traditionally rescues good food from groceries and
restaurants that would otherwise go to waste and transfers it to food banks and other organizations that
distribute it to food insecure people. The onset of COVID upended this business model causing an increase in
demand and a complete change in the nature of the supply. This was a common experience across the food
system in the USA. Come and hear how Food Link pivoted, what it revealed about our systems and how we are
working to continue to adapt and build new resilient systems to manage similar challenges in future.
|
|||
| 11:00 AM EDT |
Activity BlockMassachusetts Association for Community Action (MASSCAP)
Speaker: Martha Rogers
In the first month of 2020, Code for America had started a small pilot called GetYourRefund to help volunteer tax assisters work digitally for the first time. In April, the Code for America non-profit and its volunteers began dramatically scaling the pilot as part of the COVID-19 response. In June this year, many of the 23 Massachusetts Community Action Agencies coordinating tax volunteers joined the pilot, coordinated by Martha and her team. She will talk about taxes in the time of COVID-19 and what virtual Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (VITA) is enabling. Because MASSCAP is essential to the Commonwealth safety net in many ways, she may also help contextualize the Center for Budget Policy and Priorities in the subsequent session. |
|||
| 12:00 PM EDT |
CFA KeynoteJoin a panel of leaders from Code for America, the SF-Marin Food Bank, and the Center for Budget Policy and Priorities discuss the current state of the social safety net as the impacts of COVID-19 continue, approaches to strengthening it for those who need it most from grassroots to government at all levels, and what’s on the horizon. Speakers
Code for America: Amanda
Renteria,
Meredith Horowski, Tracey Patterson, Veronica Young
|
|||
|
1:00 PM EDT
All activities start
at the same time Participents should pick one |
Activity BlockMassAccess
Speaker: Quinten Steenhuis
Join MassAccess as we talk about how COVID-19 has changed how Massachusetts residents can access the courts
since in-person court servicies are almost impossible. We will explore how moving virutal has changed filing
documents and access courts affects us all.
Budgeting - Workshop
Speaker: Annie LaCourt, Michael Morisy
As the idea of defunding the police has entered the mainstream conversation this year, one question raised
by this goal doesn't get a lot of attention - what is an effective approach to changing a municipality's
budget priorities? This workshop will show you how to find your community's budget, how to understand the
budget process, and what you need to consider if you want to move the needle on budget priorities. We will
use participant's communities as examples so you may learn more than you might think!
CFA Design Audit
Speaker: Francesca Costa, Diana Varnes, Kelli Shewmaker
Bringing benefits applications online presents opportunities to dramatically improve access, but many of
today’s online applications for public benefits are long, visually cluttered, and challenging to understand.
The resulting user experience can create significant barriers to accessing critical safety net benefits.
State agencies usually understand they have some room to improve, but lack the time and resources to examine
their benefits applications. Sometimes, there is a lack of awareness about how challenging the benefits
application might be to complete - and how many clients may be missing out on these benefits as a result.
CFA Asset Mapping
Speakers: Dustin Palmer, Kate Hanson, Marena Brinkhurst, Alex Merritt, Tom Dooner
Asset mapping is an integral part of empowered community building that is based on understanding the
strengths and needs of diverse communities. First, use publicly available information about your locale to
give a sense of the landscape and demographics. Next, research the location and availability of government
programs (e.g. county health and human services offices), community based organizations (like resource
centers, food banks, and legal aid clinics) or other resources that are vital to your community. Visually
documenting the landscape can help identify what might make your community more equitable and accessible to
all who live there.
CFA Generate insights around COVID-response
Speakers: Eleanor Davis, Will Pfeffer, Julie Sutherland
Problem statements are concise descriptions of an issue that help understand the problems better and come up
with effective solutions. They are like navigational compasses – the direction north being your desired
outcome. Whether you are conducting an idea challenge, an internal hackathon (hackathon for your employees)
or a full-fledged innovation campaign, the problem statement is key in determining the success.
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| 2:00 PM EDT
Project Challenge
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Project BreakoutsRefunder Budget EditorRefunder is an exploration, analysis, and communication tool for municipal budgets, aimed at helping cause-based advocates bridge the gap from a hashtag (like #DefundThePolice) to meaningful policy outcomes. It will do this by allowing advocates to create personalized modifications to a specific city budget that reflect their policy priorities, and share them with the public and with local legislators and policymakers as a way to show the path forward for meaningful change. The Budget Editor is the core technology that will underlie the Refunder application. It will allow for the intake of a city budget (preferably from open data), and for the modification of that budget by a user through easy-to-understand UI controls. In the future, this functionality may be used to develop other features for Refunder, like an easy budget creator based on policy areas.
Slack:
#policy-budget-tool
Shared: Google Doc
Nashua Emergency Management Project
As part of the City of Nashua’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic, they set up a call center to support
residents in need. In order to keep their work organized, and to support following up with residents who
have requested specific services, the City has asked to create a lightweight case management system that
will enable Call Center employees to track their work, and that will allow non-profit partners in their
ecosystem, as well as residents, to enter cases through a web interface.
Slack: #ndoch-granite-state
Shared:
Granite Flow
Granite.db
MassAccess - Access to JusticeMassAccess is a project that helps Massachusetts residents access the courts at a time when in-person court services are impossible or unsafe. With MassAccess, court users can fill out forms online with step-by-step guidance that clarify terms and and processes that are confusing to navigate. Many forms can then be directly filed with court clerks electronically. Survivors of domestic violence can use our forms to request a restraining order or for their abuser to leave their shared home. Tenants who are living in dangerous housing conditions can file a petition with the court to get immediate repairs. We have both research-based and code-based projects that support our mission by improving our database of courts with features that help users of the court get to the finish line.
Slack: #access-to-justice
Shared: Google Doc
MA Benefit Design Audit (CFA)
How well do the benefit programs offered by the state of Massachusetts stack up against the rest of the
natation. We are going to be auditing
Unemployment, Medicaid, SNAP, TANF, WIC, LIHEAP to see what's good what's bad and what we need to fix.
Slack: #ma-benefit-design-audit
Shared:
Google Doc
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| 5:30 PM EDT |
Show and Tell |
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| 7:00 PM EDT |
After Party
After a hard days work of learning and civic hacking come join us for the after party for a some fun and
relaxation. We will be running Jeopardy and there will prizes.
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==== Mobile Footprint ====
* Phone number (L1/L2/L3)
* Device type (L1/L2/L3)
* Use (L1/L2/L3)
* Installed applications (L1/L2/L3)
* Owner/administrator (L1/L2/L3)


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This example shows how to use jCarousel as a Textscroller. The data is loaded from the jQuery Blog RSS-Feed.


Lockdown Lite is a lightweight app to lock your Android apps behind a PIN, pattern or fingerprint
by Aamir SiddiquiThere are several reasons why a user might want to lock apps separately, even in addition to the global lockscreen. For this reason, most Android OEM UX’s now come with an app locker baked in, allowing users to quickly lock down app access without needing any extra app. However, if your phone does not have such functionality built-in, you can try any of the countless app lockers on the Google Play Store. To make your hunt easier, check out Lockdown Lite, a lightweight app that can lock Android apps behind a password or fingerprint.
LockX by XDA Member _RedT_, or Lockdown Lite as it is known on the Google Play Store, is an app locker in its functionality. Lockdown Lite can lock any app on your phone, and can also prevent them from getting uninstalled. However, the standout feature on the app is its small size and negligible footprint, with the app coming in at just 1.32MB in size after installation on my OnePlus 7 Pro.
The app is very easy to setup. It does need the accessibility service permission, which we advise not granting to any and every app (so grant this permission at your discretion). Further, Lockdown Lite uses two permissions — Internet, for ads, and permission for fingerprint to enable the fingerprint unlock feature. You can use either PIN or Pattern lock as your base unlocking mechanism, and then enable fingerprint unlocking on top. For PIN, you can choose between 4, 5, or 6 digit PIN; and for pattern lock, you can choose between 3×3, 4×4, and 5×5 grids, and further customize it by choosing to not show the pattern line as you draw it. You can also choose how frequently the app locks down the target app, so you have some flexibility here.
If you would like to try out LockX/Lockdown Lite, you can check out the discussion thread over in our forums and download it from the Google Play Store.


01. What kinds of cars do you
The smarter than he well up to the east side to a deluxe.
02. car make or model matter?
The smarter than he well were movin on up to the east side to a deluxe.


Run your own Python application! You can create a new image based on this one, or you can dynamically update this container and run your application directly.
In the test image, we install werkzeug as a test application.
$ docker build --tag werkzeug_testapp - << DOCKERFILE
FROM uwsgi:latest
RUN pip install werkzeug
ENV UWSGI_MODULE=werkzeug.testapp:test_app
DOCKERFILE
$ docker run --detach --name werkzeug_testapp -p 8080:8080 werkzeug_testapp
Making your own image is better if you want a manageable, static image that starts immediately with your application.
Install an application directly in this container, then update the uwsgi.ini to point to it. (This is not the best way, but it can help in a pinch.) For example:
$ docker exec {container_name} pip install werkzeug
$ docker exec {container_name} sed -i 's/hello/werkzeug.testapp:test_app/' uwsgi.ini
Touching the uwsgi.ini file will cause uwsgi to reload. Wait a few seconds (or watch the log) then refresh this page.
Dynamic reloading is better if you are tweaking settings and trying things out.


Richard Marquand
film Director and producer. He is best known as the Director of the movie " Star wars. Episode VI: Return of the Jedi".