|
AceTime
0.5.2
Date and time classes for Arduino that support timezones from the TZ Database, and a system clock that can synchronize from an NTP server or an RTC chip.
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Represents an interval of time where the time zone obeyed a certain UTC offset and DST delta. More...
#include <ExtendedZoneProcessor.h>
Public Member Functions | |
| const char * | format () const |
| const char * | letter () const |
| Return the letter string. More... | |
| void | log () const |
| Used only for debugging. More... | |
Public Attributes | |
| const ZoneMatch * | match |
| The match which generated this Transition. More... | |
| ZoneRuleBroker | rule |
| The Zone transition rule that matched for the the given year. More... | |
| DateTuple | transitionTime |
| The original transition time, usually 'w' but sometimes 's' or 'u'. More... | |
| union { | |
| DateTuple transitionTimeS | |
| Version of transitionTime in 's' mode, using the UTC offset of the previous Transition. More... | |
| DateTuple startDateTime | |
| Start time expressed using the UTC offset of the current Transition. More... | |
| }; | |
| union { | |
| DateTuple transitionTimeU | |
| Version of transitionTime in 'u' mode, using the UTC offset of the previous transition. More... | |
| DateTuple untilDateTime | |
| Until time expressed using the UTC offset of the current Transition. More... | |
| }; | |
| DateTuple | originalTransitionTime |
| If the transition is shifted to the beginning of a ZoneMatch, this is set to the transitionTime for debugging. More... | |
| acetime_t | startEpochSeconds |
| The calculated transition time of the given rule. More... | |
| char | abbrev [kAbbrevSize] |
| The calculated effective time zone abbreviation, e.g. More... | |
| char | letterBuf [2] |
| Storage for the single letter 'letter' field if 'rule' is not null. More... | |
| bool | active |
| Flag used for 2 slightly different meanings at different stages of init() processing. More... | |
| int8_t | offsetCode |
| The base offset code, not the total effective UTC offset. More... | |
| int8_t | deltaCode |
| The DST delta code. More... | |
Static Public Attributes | |
| static const uint8_t | kAbbrevSize = basic::Transition::kAbbrevSize |
| Size of the timezone abbreviation. More... | |
Represents an interval of time where the time zone obeyed a certain UTC offset and DST delta.
The start of the interval is given by 'transitionTime' which comes from the TZ Database file. The actual start and until time of the interval (in the local time zone) is given by 'startDateTime' and 'untilDateTime'.
There are 2 types of Transition instances: 1) Simple, indicated by 'rule' == nullptr. The base UTC offsetCode is given by match->offsetCode. The additional DST delta is given by match->deltaCode. 2) Named, indicated by 'rule' != nullptr. The base UTC offsetCode is given by match->offsetCode. The additional DST delta is given by rule->deltaCode.
The 'match', 'rule', 'transitionTime', 'transitionTimeS', 'transitionTimeU', 'active', 'originalTransitionTime', 'letter()' and 'format()' are temporary variables or parameters used in the init() method.
The 'offsetCode', 'deltaCode', 'startDateTime', 'abbrev' are the derived parameters used in the findTransition() search.
Ordering of fields optimized along 4-byte boundaries to help 32-bit processors without making the program size bigger for 8-bit processors.
Definition at line 168 of file ExtendedZoneProcessor.h.
|
inline |
Return the letter string.
Returns nullptr if the RULES column is empty since that means that the ZoneRule is not used, which means LETTER does not exist. A LETTER of '-' is returned as an empty string "".
Definition at line 272 of file ExtendedZoneProcessor.h.
|
inline |
Used only for debugging.
Definition at line 302 of file ExtendedZoneProcessor.h.
| char ace_time::extended::Transition::abbrev[kAbbrevSize] |
The calculated effective time zone abbreviation, e.g.
"PST" or "PDT".
Definition at line 230 of file ExtendedZoneProcessor.h.
| bool ace_time::extended::Transition::active |
Flag used for 2 slightly different meanings at different stages of init() processing.
1) During findCandidateTransitions(), this flag indicates whether the current transition is a valid "prior" transition that occurs before other transitions. It is set by setAsPriorTransition() if the transition is a prior transition.
2) During processActiveTransition(), this flag indicates if the current transition falls within the date range of interest.
Definition at line 247 of file ExtendedZoneProcessor.h.
| int8_t ace_time::extended::Transition::deltaCode |
The DST delta code.
Definition at line 259 of file ExtendedZoneProcessor.h.
|
static |
Size of the timezone abbreviation.
Definition at line 170 of file ExtendedZoneProcessor.h.
| char ace_time::extended::Transition::letterBuf[2] |
Storage for the single letter 'letter' field if 'rule' is not null.
Definition at line 233 of file ExtendedZoneProcessor.h.
| const ZoneMatch* ace_time::extended::Transition::match |
The match which generated this Transition.
Definition at line 173 of file ExtendedZoneProcessor.h.
| int8_t ace_time::extended::Transition::offsetCode |
The base offset code, not the total effective UTC offset.
Note that this is different than basic::Transition::offsetCode used by BasicZoneProcessor which is the total effective offsetCode. (It may be possible to make this into an effective offsetCode (i.e. offsetCode + deltaCode) but it does not seem worth making that change right now.)
Definition at line 256 of file ExtendedZoneProcessor.h.
| DateTuple ace_time::extended::Transition::originalTransitionTime |
If the transition is shifted to the beginning of a ZoneMatch, this is set to the transitionTime for debugging.
May be removed in the future.
Definition at line 224 of file ExtendedZoneProcessor.h.
| ZoneRuleBroker ace_time::extended::Transition::rule |
The Zone transition rule that matched for the the given year.
Set to nullptr if the RULES column is '-', indicating that the ZoneMatch was a "simple" ZoneEra.
Definition at line 180 of file ExtendedZoneProcessor.h.
| DateTuple ace_time::extended::Transition::startDateTime |
Start time expressed using the UTC offset of the current Transition.
Valid after ExtendedZoneProcessor::generateStartUntilTimes() is called.
Definition at line 202 of file ExtendedZoneProcessor.h.
| acetime_t ace_time::extended::Transition::startEpochSeconds |
The calculated transition time of the given rule.
Definition at line 227 of file ExtendedZoneProcessor.h.
| DateTuple ace_time::extended::Transition::transitionTime |
The original transition time, usually 'w' but sometimes 's' or 'u'.
After expandDateTuple() is called, this field will definitely be a 'w'. We must remember that the transitionTime* fields are expressed using the UTC offset of the previous Transition.
Definition at line 188 of file ExtendedZoneProcessor.h.
| DateTuple ace_time::extended::Transition::transitionTimeS |
Version of transitionTime in 's' mode, using the UTC offset of the previous Transition.
Valid before ExtendedZoneProcessor::generateStartUntilTimes() is called.
Definition at line 196 of file ExtendedZoneProcessor.h.
| DateTuple ace_time::extended::Transition::transitionTimeU |
Version of transitionTime in 'u' mode, using the UTC offset of the previous transition.
Valid before ExtendedZoneProcessor::generateStartUntilTimes() is called.
Definition at line 211 of file ExtendedZoneProcessor.h.
| DateTuple ace_time::extended::Transition::untilDateTime |
Until time expressed using the UTC offset of the current Transition.
Valid after ExtendedZoneProcessor::generateStartUntilTimes() is called.
Definition at line 217 of file ExtendedZoneProcessor.h.


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Tumour-affected kidney removed
by Staff ReporterIn a first for Coimbatore Medical College Hospital (CMCH), surgeons from the Department of Urology removed a tumour-affected kidney from 57-year-old woman.
Briefing mediapersons on the surgery here recently, Dean of CMCH B. Asokan said the patient – Veerammal from Gobichettipalayam in Erode – was found to have an abnormally large left kidney. It was 24 cm long (as against the normal average size of 10 cm). The tumour was highly vascular, which could have turned the surgery fatal.
Therefore, the surgeons adopted the angio embolisation technique to block the renal arteries to decrease the blood flow. This shrunk the size of the tumour.
“The kidney's size was reduced to about 18 cm, which was when we removed it,” Dr. Asokan said. Upon further tests, the results showed that Ms. Veerammal was suffering from renal cell carcinoma in the left kidney.
Ms. Veerammal was under observation for two months and her health condition was normal now, with no need for chemotherapy, Dr. Asokan said.
The surgery was done free of cost under the Chief Minister’s Comprehensive Health Insurance Scheme (CMCHIS).
N. Dhinakar Babu, Assistant Professor at the Department of Urology, CMCH, said that the tumour was malignant and replaced the normal tissues in the left kidney. Dr. Babu and D. Mohankumar and A. Ramesh from the Department of Urology were involved in the procedure.


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Wendell Melton, 53, is accused of opening fire on Giovanni Melton in his apartment in Henderson, Nevada, US, on Thursday afternoon.
Giovanni's former foster mother Sonja Jones claims she was told by a family member that the argument which led to the shooting was partly about the teenager's sexual orientation.
Sonja said the dad had 'problems with it'.

Sonja said a beautiful life had been taken away all because of ignorance.
She said she hopes everyone remembers the teen.
Friends and family say Giovanni brought smiles to the faces of everyone he met.
Melton is due in a Henderson court next week.


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The goal of this application is to use a genetic algorithm to find solutions to several problems, primarily the travelling salesman problem.
Genetic Algorithms work by creating a population of randomly generated possible solutions to a problem. Each individual competes against others to see who will reproduce based on a fitness which is determined by how close an individual is to the best solution. Two individuals are selected, and their genetic material (pieces of the possible answer) are combined randomly. As each generation passes, the solutions evolve closer to the ideal answer. The "correct" answer may never be found, but a "close enough" answer usually is.
The solutions to the problems found on this page are of fixed size. For example, the solution to Simple Max has exactly 10 genes. Some problems allow the number of genes to increase without bounds.
Once the optimal solution is found, the algorithm continues to search, because it doesn't know if it has found the best answer yet. In order to avoid searching forever, we limit the number of generations before stopping the search.
One Max seeks to maximize the number of 1's. A gene can be either a 1 or a 0. The best solution is one where all genes are a 1 as this would give the highest number of 1's.
Simple Max seeks to maximize the value of (x1*x2*x3*x4*x5)/(x6*x7*x8*x9*x10). Each xn is a gene which can have a value of 1 to 10. The best solution is (10*10*10*10*10)/(1*1*1*1*1).
The Travelling Salesman Problem seeks to find the shortest (or least expensive) path that will allow a salesman to visit each city and return home. The optimal answer for the Square, Circle and Random maps is found quickly. The Berlin52 map takes significantly longer, since there are so many possibilities.


Next: Error Checking in Function Calls, Previous: Declarations, Up: Evaluation and Compilation
A lambda list is a list that specifies a set of parameters (sometimes called lambda variables) and a protocol for receiving values for those parameters.
There are several kinds of lambda lists.
| Context | Kind of Lambda List |
|---|---|
| defun form | ordinary lambda list |
| defmacro form | macro lambda list |
| lambda expression | ordinary lambda list |
| flet local function definition | ordinary lambda list |
| labels local function definition | ordinary lambda list |
| handler-case clause specification | ordinary lambda list |
| restart-case clause specification | ordinary lambda list |
| macrolet local macro definition | macro lambda list |
| define-method-combination | ordinary lambda list |
| define-method-combination :arguments option | define-method-combination arguments lambda list |
| defstruct :constructor option | boa lambda list |
| defgeneric form | generic function lambda list |
| defgeneric method clause | specialized lambda list |
| defmethod form | specialized lambda list |
| defsetf form | defsetf lambda list |
| define-setf-expander form | macro lambda list |
| deftype form | deftype lambda list |
| destructuring-bind form | destructuring lambda list |
| define-compiler-macro form | macro lambda list |
| define-modify-macro form | define-modify-macro lambda list |
Figure 3–11 lists some defined names that are applicable to lambda lists.
lambda-list-keywords lambda-parameters-limit
Figure 3–11: Defined names applicable to lambda lists


Why Spring?
Spring has evolved over the years to provide numerous features to users in order to avoid boiler plate code. From Spring Data for Cassandra/MongoDB/Redis/Solr/Aerospike, etc to Spring Social to Spring Security to Spring Web Services in Scala.
But At the core, Spring Framework essentially provides Dependency Injection and Aspect Oriented Programming. Spring is used to efficiently and effortlessly wire all the components of a large application. This basically provides a framework for decoupling the application and fastest turn around time in order for an application to go live. Here is a quick intro to why you might need spring.
Consider a scenario where you only have to worry about making your object work as it is supposed to and leave the dependencies it requires to actually be provided by some one else. This some one is exactly what spring is !
Example: Suppose you need to render a view with a list of listeners:
1.You’d write an interface to be implemented:
2.You’d write an api to fetch the users from DB :
3.Render the view:
Suppose, you are changing the business logic and now you want to fetch the list of users from a common seperated file instead of fetching it from the db. Now,lets look at the changes we need to make.
We’ll have an api which’ll break down the comma separated file to return a list. Let’s say this api is implemented in ListFromFile class. To render this list in the view, we’ll have to create an instance of the class ListFromFile instead of ListFromDb.
This is a very simple scenario with a minor change. Consider a large tightly coupled project where you’ll have to change every implementation of logic for a minor change in business. Very tedious indeed.
If only there was a way in which the injection of implementations of Listeners was taken care of and addrdfrrll we’d have to do is render the implementation to the view right ? Well, there is .
In spring,this is how it works. Create a setter method for the Listener class in an xml file and specify the dependencies of viewObject in it. Simple.
Now, when you write this :
If you want to change the logic to fetch it from the comma separated file, all you have to do is make changes in the xml to create a setter method for the changed class.
This injection of objects in spring is what makes it flexible to manage large applications . This is termed generically as Dependency Injection.


OpenACC is a new 51 open parallel programming standard designed to enable to easily to utilize massively parallel coprocessors. It consist of a series of pragma 52 pre-compiler annotation that identifies the succeeding block of code or structured loop as a good candidate for parallelization exactly like OpenMP 53 developed by a consortium of companies54. The biggest advantage offered by openACC is that the programmer does not need to learn a new language as CUDA or OpenCL require and does not require a complete transformation of existing code. Pragmas and high-level APIs are designed to provide software functionality. They hide many details of the underlying implementation to free a programmer’s attention for other tasks. The compiler is free to ignore any pragma for any reason including: it does not support the pragma, syntax errors, code complexity etc. and at the same time it has to provide profiling tool and information about the parallelization(even if it is possible). OpenACC is available both for C/C++ and Fortran. In this document we will concentrate only on C/C++ version. An OpenACC pragma can be identified from the string “#pragma acc” just like an OpenMP pragma can be identified from “#pragma omp”. The base concept behind openACC is the offloading on the accelerator device. Like CUDA or openCL the execution model is host-directed where the bulk of the application execute on CPU and just the compute intensive region are effectively offloaded on accelerator 55. The parallel regions or kernel regions , which typically contains work sharing work such as loops are executed as kernel (concept described in section [kernels] at page ). The typical flow of an openACC application is orchestrated by the host that in sequence has to:
Allocate memory on device.
Initiate transfer.
Passing arguments and start kernel execution(a sequence of kernels can be queued).
Waiting for completion.
Transfer the result back to the host.
Deallocate memory.
For each of the action above there is one or more directive that actually implements the directives and a complete set of option permit to tune the parallelization across different kind of accelerators. For instance the parallel directive starts a parallel execution of the code above it on the accelerator, constricting gangs of workers (once started the execution the number of gangs and workers inside the gangs remain constant for the duration of the parallel execution.) The analogy between the CUDA blocks and between workers and cuda threads is clear and permit to easily understand how the work is effectively executed and organized. It has a number of options that permits to for example copy an array on gpu to work on and to copy back the result on the host side.
The syntax of a OpanACC directive is :
C/C++ : #pragma acc directive-name [clause [[,] clause]…] new-line.
Fortran : !$acc directive-name [clause [[,] clause]…]
Each clause can be coupled with a number of clauses that modify the behavior of the directive. For example:
copy( list )Allocates the data in list on the accelerator and copies the data from the host to the accelerator when entering the region, and copies the data from the accelerator to the host when exiting the region.
copyin( list ) Allocates the data in list on the accelerator and copies the data from the host to the accelerator when entering the region.
copyout( list ) Allocates the data in list on the accelerator and copies the data from the accelerator to the host when exiting the region.
create( list ) Allocates the data in list on the accelerator, but does not copy data between the host and device.
present( list ) The data in list must be already present on the accelerator, from some containing data region; that accelerator copy is found and used.


|
Boost Sorting Algorithm Library
Header <boost/algorithm/sorting/constants.hpp>
|
Contents
- Introduction
- Constant Values
-
- MAX_SPLITS
- MAX_FINISHING_SPLITS
- MIN_SORT_SIZE
- LOG_MEAN_BIN_SIZE
- LOG_MIN_SPLIT_COUNT
- LOG_FINISHING_COUNT
- FLOAT_LOG_MEAN_BIN_SIZE
- FLOAT_LOG_MIN_SPLIT_COUNT
- FLOAT_LOG_FINISHING_COUNT
Introduction
These are a set of constants in boost::detail that are only used to tune
integer_sort and float_sort.
They are described here because in some situations developers may wish to modify them
to improve performance. Default settings should be good enough for most systems;
modification without a thorough understanding of what they do is not recommended.
Constant Values
MAX_SPLITS
MAX_FINISHING_SPLITS
MIN_SORT_SIZE
LOG_MEAN_BIN_SIZE
LOG_MIN_SPLIT_COUNT
LOG_FINISHING_COUNT
FLOAT_LOG_MEAN_BIN_SIZE
FLOAT_LOG_MIN_SPLIT_COUNT
FLOAT_LOG_FINISHING_COUNT
MAX_SPLITS:
- enum { MAX_SPLITS = 11 };
- Description: log base 2 of the maximum number of pieces the data is split into per iteration.
Usually best between 10 and 13.
This number is used for both floats and integers,
and should correspond to the minimum L1 cache size this software will run on.
MAX_FINISHING_SPLITS:
- enum { MAX_FINISHING_SPLITS = MAX_SPLITS + 1 };
- Description: log of the maximum number of pieces the data is split into if it can
complete sorting in one iteration, once radix sorting has already been decided upon.
This is a special optimization, and is usually best as MAX_SPLITS + 1.
This is used because the occasional cache miss to finish sorting is less expensive
in runtime than running another iteration.
MIN_SORT_SIZE:
- enum { MIN_SORT_SIZE = 3000 };
- Description: std::sort is automatically used on input vectors smaller than this size for all algorithms described here,
skipping radix sorting entirely. Due to overhead, radix sorting shouldn't be used on small
vectors. This should be the point at which
hybrid sorting becomes faster than comparison-based sorting.
3000 is a good value.
LOG_MEAN_BIN_SIZE:
- enum { LOG_MEAN_BIN_SIZE = 2 };
- Description: The log of the minimum mean number of items per bin in integer_sort.
2-4 are good values.
LOG_MIN_SPLIT_COUNT:
- enum { LOG_MIN_SPLIT_COUNT = 9 };
- Description: This plus the LOG_MEAN_BIN_SIZE plus the maximum number of remaining
radix iterations is the log of the minimum number of elements to recurse with integer_sort.
Otherwise std::sort is used.
The faster std::sort is with small vectors relative to integer_sort, the larger this number
should be. 6 to MAX_SPLITS are good values.
This value cannot exceed MAX_SPLITS.
LOG_FINISHING_COUNT:
- enum { LOG_FINISHING_COUNT = 31 };
- Description: The log of the threshold minimum data size to force radix sorting,
if sorting will complete in one iteration.
Defaults to 31, which means that this special-case is not applied.
FLOAT_LOG_MEAN_BIN_SIZE:
- enum { LOG_MEAN_BIN_SIZE = 2 };
- Description: The log of the minimum mean number of items per bin in float_sort.
2 is a good value.
FLOAT_LOG_MIN_SPLIT_COUNT:
- enum { LOG_MIN_SPLIT_COUNT = 8 };
- Description: This plus the FLOAT_LOG_MEAN_BIN_SIZE plus the maximum number of remaining
radix iterations is the log of the minimum number of elements to recurse with float_sort.
Otherwise std::sort is used.
The faster std::sort is with small vectors relative to float_sort, the larger this number
should be. 4 to MAX_SPLITS are good values.
This value cannot exceed MAX_SPLITS.
FLOAT_LOG_FINISHING_COUNT:
- enum { LOG_FINISHING_COUNT = 4 };
- Description: The log of the threshold minimum data size to force radix sorting,
if sorting will complete in one iteration. 4 is a good value.
Revised
04
December, 2006
Copyright © 2009 Steven Ross
Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See
accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or
copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)


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We strive to raise students who are independant, free thinkers, and are the future of the country. Students with the right kind of the grooming and education are a
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At Liberty High School:
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We Believe:
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|
playJava
|
Public Member Functions | |
| void | start (Stage primaryStage) throws Exception |
Static Public Member Functions | |
| static void | main (String[] args) |
Package Attributes | |
| GamePlayModel | myGamePlayModel |
| GameData | myGameData |
|
static |
| void sample.Main.start | ( | Stage | primaryStage | ) | throws Exception |
Definition at line 18 of file Main.java.
References sample.GameData.getInstance(), sample.GamePlayModel.getInstance(), sample.GameData.loadGameData(), sample.Main.myGameData, sample.Main.myGamePlayModel, and sample.GamePlayModel.SETItsGameDataObject().
|
package |
Definition at line 15 of file Main.java.
Referenced by sample.Main.start().
|
package |
Definition at line 14 of file Main.java.
Referenced by sample.Main.start().


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Version Control and Git
What's Your Favorite Posish?
Learning Style and Mindset Reflection
Arrays and Hashes in Ruby
Tech Problems in the Classroom
Learning Cycle
Pairing and Feedback in DBC
Stay Classy, Ruby
Blocks, Procs and Lambdas, Oh My!
Stereotype Threat
Loops: A Comparison in Javascript and Ruby
Reflection of values
Memory 101
Dealing with Conflict
Asking the right Question


 Get Me Out Of Here! bosses have ramped up security after a man was found dead in the surrounding area.
Earlier this week, police in New South Wales launched a manhunt to find the killer after a 50-year-old was discovered in Jack Evans Boat Harbour, Tweed Heads, an hour from where the ITV reality show is filmed in Murwillumbah.
‘The celebs are being watched 24 hours a day, seven days a week by a team of staff and our security measures are incredibly tight,’ an insider said.
They continued to The Sun: ‘So there is zero chance of anyone sneaking into camp.
‘But of course, it is very unsettling to know that there is someone out there, running from the police, who has committed such a horrible crime.’
The police investigation was launched on Friday after a couple stumbled across the body of a man in a sleeping bag around 11am local time.
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Detective Chief Inspector Brendon Cullen revealed that the victim was found with ‘physical wound’.
‘The movements and the history of the victim is something that we are in the early stages of establishing,’ he told ABC.
‘We are very keen to speak to any person that was in Jack Evans Boat Harbour yesterday evening and this morning who might have seen something or know anything about this.
‘We do want to establish where this man is from and how he came to be in the state he is in now.’
The current series of I’m A Celebrity kicked off last week with a number of impressive names on the line-up, including Caitlyn Jenner and Nadine Coyle.
Last night’s episode saw all 12 contestants undertake a gruesome Bushtucker Trial with one group having to endure live critters being dropped on their heads while the other group had to hold live bugs in their mouths for 60 seconds.
During the trial, Caitlyn gagged on a cow’s eye but managed to pull through and Adele Roberts and Nadine had to chomp down on cow anus.
Elsewhere, the campmates were finally given their luxury items and it was revealed that former EastEnders star Cliff Parisi had brought with him a Christmas tree for a little bit of festive cheer.
Advertisement Advertisement
I’m A Celebrity bosses declined to comment.
I’m A Celebrity… Get Me Out Of Here! continues tonight at 9pm on ITV.
Got a showbiz story?
If you've got a story, video or pictures get in touch with the Metro.co.uk Entertainment team by emailing us<EMAIL_ADDRESS>calling 020 3615 2145 or by visiting our Submit Stuff page - we'd love to hear from you.


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Changelog
3.0.7 - March 5, 2021
- DOCS: Fix some typos
3.0.6 - July 15, 2020
- Susy has been deprecated and will not receive any further updates.
- DOCS: Fix some typos
3.0.5 - April 30, 2018
- BUGFIX: Update gutter alias default
$context
3.0.4 - April 30, 2018
- BUGFIX: Gutter function works when default
columns
setting is not parser-friendly (e.g.150px susy-repeat(2)
). - Update dev dependencies.
3.0.3 - January 30, 2018
- Fix missing doc JSON file in npm package.
- Update dev dependencies.
3.0.2 - January 25, 2018
- Documentation updates.
3.0.1 - August 27, 2017
- NEW:
susy-version()
function for accessing the active version number. - Documentation improvements.
3.0.0 - June 29, 2017
See Introducing Susy3, Understanding Spread in Susy3.
- Site moved to oddbird.net/susy/
- Docs moved to oddbird.net/susy/docs/
- BREAKING: No More Mixins!
span
,container
,gutters
,last
,gallery
, etc. have all been removed from Susy. Web layout has become too powerful & flexible to contain in a simple set of shortcuts. - BREAKING: Remove rubygems/bower, to distribute on npm only.
- BREAKING: Trim down to the core math, and a thin layer of api functions:
susy-span()
(aliased asspan
) to return a column-spanning width.susy-gutter()
(aliased asgutter
) to return a gutter width.susy-slice()
(aliased asslice
) to return a slice of asymmetrical grid.
- BREAKING: Simplify to four settings:
columns
to define the grid columns as a list of lengths or unitless relative numbers.gutters
to define the length or relative size of a gutter.spread
to define the default spread of a span across adjacent gutters.container-spread
to define the default spread of a container across side-edge gutters.
- BREAKING: Add support for
calc()
output, so mixed-unit grids are possible. This means the old inside-static solution has been replaced by calc() output as well. - BREAKING: Shorthand syntax for on-the-fly span and settings.
This is similar to the previous shorthand,
but has been simplified to remove mixin-related features.
- starting with a count, length, or column-list “span”
at $n
,first
, orlast
location on asymmetrical gridsnarrow
,wide
, orwider
for spreadof $n <spread>
for available grid columns and container-spreadset-gutters $n
shorthand to override global gutter settings
- NEW:
susy-repeat()
function to generate repeating gradients with the same syntax provided in CSS Grid templates - NEW: SVG Grid plugin (
susy/plugins/svg-grid
), to provide grid-debugging options when applied as a background image to any container element:svg-grid-colors
global setting accepts one or more colorssusy-svg-grid()
function returns inline svg for use in thebackground
or generatedcontent
properties
- NEW:
susy-compile()
andsu-call()
plugin helpers, to aide with conversions between the user API and internal math functions. This is primarily useful for anyone building Susy extensions or mixins. - NEW: prefixed and unprefixed versions of all major API functions.
Import
susy-prefix
instead ofsusy
to eliminate the un-prefixed alias versions.
3.0.0-beta.1 - June 19, 2017
- BREAKING:
_prefix.scss
has been renamed_susy-prefix.scss
for clarity when importing. - BREAKING:
susy-call()
has been renamedsu-call()
. since it is directly related to accessing thesu
functions. - BREAKING: Remove support for non-list
columns
:'columns': 4
=>'columns': susy-repeat(4)
=='columns': 1 1 1 1
. - BREAKING: Remove support for
$count x $width
syntax incolumns
:'columns': 4 x 120px
=>'columns': susy-repeat(4, 120px)
=='columns': 120px 120px 120px 120px
. - BREAKING: Remove rubygems/bower, to distribute on npm only.
- BREAKING: Add support for
calc()
output, so all mixed-unit grids are possible. This means the old inside-static solution has been replaced by calc() output as well. - BREAKING:
su-sum
has been renamed_su-sum
and is now considered a private function. - SVG background images now have a default size included.
You can override the default using the CSS
background-size
property. - Add list-flattening to columns normalization,
so that
susy-repeat()
can be used along-side other values. - Improved documentation
3.0.0-alpha.6 - Apr 25, 2017
- Fix bug in empty
gutter()
alias - Add
susy-repeat()
function to generate repeating gradients with the same syntax provided in CSS Grid templates - Add
susy-compile()
andsusy-call()
plugin helpers, to aide with conversions between the user API and internal math functions.
3.0.0-alpha.5 - Feb 14, 2017
- SVG Grid plugin, to provide grid-debugging options:
svg-grid-colors
global setting accepts one or more colorssusy-svg-grid()
function returns inline svg for use in thebackground
or generatedcontent
properties
- Add
set-gutters $n
shorthand to override global gutter settings - Allow gutters function to take either context-only, or full span/context shorthand — useful when passing in details from a combined mixin
- More test coverage, including error-handling!
3.0.0-alpha.1 - Sep 6, 2016
- No Mixins!
- Trim down to the core math, and a thin layer of api functions:
susy-span()
to return a column-spanning widthsusy-gutter()
to return a gutter widthsusy-slice()
to return a slice of asymmetrical grid
- Simplify to four settings:
columns
to define the grid columns as a list of comparable or unitless relative numbersgutters
to define the size of a gutter in units comparable to the columns, or a unitless relative numberspread
to define the default spread of a span across adjacent gutterscontainer-spread
to define the default spread of a container across side-edge gutters
- Shorthand syntax for overriding settings on-the-fly:
- starting with a count, length, or column-list span
at $n
,first
, orlast
location on asymmetrical gridsnarrow
,wide
, orwider
for spreadof $n <spread>
for available grid columns and container-spread
2.2.5 - May 14 2015
- Pass grid arguments to overlay positioning mixin.
2.2.3 - Apr 28 2015
- Work around libsass fraction bug.
2.2.2 - Jan 23 2015
- Fix bug in npm package.
2.2.1 - Jan 14 2015
-
Release npm
susy
package. -
Add global
$susy-media
map for creating named breakpoints. -
Add internal media-query support for
susy-breakpoint
without requiring the Breakpoint plugin. -
susy-breakpoint
mixin no longer requires$layout
argument. By default, no changes will be made to your existing layout. -
Update
global-box-sizing
and the legacyborder-box-sizing
mixins to optionally take another argument,$inherit
. This new argument is a boolean value that defaults tofalse
, meaning the behavior of these mixins will not change by default. The default behavior sets all elements to use the specifiedbox-sizing
, which can only be changed explicitly on a per-element basis. By passing in$inherit
astrue
, thebox-sizing
is set on thehtml
element, and all other elements inherit this property. This means that thebox-sizing
can be changed at the component level and all nested elements will inherit this change. This cascading effect can be prevented by explicitly settingbox-sizing
on the exceptions within the nested context. -
Add
su
import at root level. -
Both
su
andsusy
work with the latest LibSass master branch (3.0.2+). There are a few exceptions:- The
susysone
syntax overlay
grid output- The
inherit
option forglobal-box-sizing
&border-box-sizing
- The
2.1.3 - Jul 16 2014
- Baseline grid image uses
px
instead of%
. - Updated Sass dependency to work with 3.4.
2.1.2 - Apr 28 2014
first
andlast
keywords output0
margins instead ofnull
so they can be used to override previous span settings.- Output
:before
/:after
rather than::before
/::after
to support IE8. - Load Susy paths in Compass if required, otherwise add it to SASS_PATH.
[
Adrien Antoine <https://github.com/Alshten>
_] - Compass 1.0 config no longer needs to
require 'susy'
. Susy is registered with Compass automatically. - Add
$clean
argument tolayout
andwith-layout
mixins, for creating new layout contexts from a clean slate.
2.1.1 - Mar 13 2014
-
Rename core math functions, and prepare for decomposition.
column-count()
=>susy-count()
column-sum()
=>susy-sum()
column-span()
=>susy-slice()
column-span-sum()
=>susy()
-
Add tests for core math validation.
2.0.0 — Mar 10 2014
- New susyone tests for split-columns, is-default-layout, medialayout, columns, relative-width, columns width and nth-of-type (using True).
- Sass 3.3.0 (Maptastic Maple)
- Rename local 2.0 variables that conflict with global susyone settings.
- Susyone container mixin applies full container settings at every breakpoint.
2.0.0.rc.2 — Mar 4 2014
- Fix
templates_path
and compass project templates - Fix Compass “rem” integration to respect
$rhythm-units
setting.
2.0.0.rc.1 — Feb 7 2014
-
Add browser support module with settings to
use-custom
mixins forbackground-image
,background-options
(-size
,-clip
,-origin
),box-sizing
,clearfix
, andrem
. If you set tofalse
, we’ll make sure everything works well on modern browsers. If you set totrue
, we’ll check for existing mixins (e.g. from Compass or Bourbon) to provide more powerful legacy support.… code-block: scss
$susy: ( use-custom: ( clearfix: false, background-image: true, background-options: false, box-sizing: true, rem: true, ), );
-
Fix bugs caused by Sass changes to
str-index()
,#{&}
, and@at-root
. -
Fix Bower dependencies, and add support for Sache.
-
Remove legacy Compass polyfils from susyone code.
2.0.0.beta.3 — Jan 10 2014
-
Fix a bug making
show-grid
unaware of localdebug/output
keywords. -
Added Susyone syntax for those that need to use the old Susy syntax, with updated Sass and Compass.
@import 'susyone';
2.0.0.beta.2 — Jan 6 2014
- Allow nesting of Susy settings.
show-grid
mixin can output either background or overlay grids.- Add
isolate
function to return isolation offset width. - Fix a bug with
last
output forsplit
-gutter layouts. - Fix a bug with split-gutter
span()
, andnarrow
/wider
keywords. - Fix a bug with
bleed
andnull
+inside
gutters. bleed
output uses TRBL shorthand when possible.- Clean up and document the core math functions.
- Document upgrade path, core-math, and DIY grids.
BREAKING:
-
Move debug settings into
$susy: (debug: (<settings>));
. -
Replace
show-grid
setting with newdebug: image
setting. -
Add
debug: output
setting and keywords to toggle betweenbackground
andoverlay
grid images. -
Remove
grid-overlay
mixin.- Becomes part of
show-grid
mixin. - Doesn’t take
$selector
argument — should be nested instead. - Can still be used multiple times.
- Becomes part of
-
isolate
mixin now interprets span argument as location, unless location is otherwise specified.isolate(2)
is the same asisolate(at 2)
.isolate(25%)
will isolate at25%
.
-
Rename setting controls for consistency.
set-grid
=>layout
use-grid
=>with-layout
-
pad
andsquish
use RL shorthand for shared context.pad(1, 3 of 12)
=>pad(1 3 of 12)
2.0.0.beta.1 — Dec 24 2013
-
Add
susy-breakpoint
mixin for basic integration with Breakpoint- Syntax:
breakpoint($query, $layout, $no-query)
where$query
andno-query
follow the Breakpoint syntax, and$layout
uses the Susy syntax for defining grids.
- Syntax:
-
Add
layout
function to convert layouts from shorthand syntax to map. -
Add
full
keyword shortcut for full-width spans. -
BREAKING: Remove unclear
row
andunrow
mixins. -
Add
break
andnobreak
mixins/keywords to create a new line before any element in the layout. -
BREAKING: Rename
is-container: container
setting/value torole: nest
. -
BREAKING: Rename
layout-method
setting tooutput
. -
BREAKING: Rename
layout-math
setting tomath
. -
Clean up division between math/output/syntax layers.
-
gutters
andcontainer-position
can be set tonull
. -
If
gutters
are set to0
ornull
, they will have no output. -
BREAKING:
full
output matches span patterns. -
BREAKING: Debug grids are hidden by default.
-
BREAKING: Remove
nth-last
/-omega
/-first
/-alpha
as confusing & out-of-scope. Format your nth-selectors manually to applyfirst
/last
mixins. -
Gutter mixins/functions can accept context-only (without the “of” syntax):
gutters(of 10 .25)
==gutters(10 .25)
- Unitless numbers are used for context.
- Lengths (with units) are used as explicit gutter-overrides.
-
BREAKING: Re-purposed
susy-set
as reverse ofsusy-get
— to adjust a single setting. Example:@include susy-set(gutter-position, inside);
-
Replace global
box-sizing
setting withglobal-box-sizing
.- Let Susy know what box model you are using globally.
box-sizing
can still be passed as a keyword argument.
-
Add
global-box-sizing()
mixin to set your global box model.- Example:
@include global-box-sizing(border-box);
- You can still use the legacy
@include border-box-sizing;
as a shortcut. - Uses your global setting as a default.
- Updates your global setting to match, if you pass a different value.
- Example:
-
gallery
andspan
mixins take global-box-sizing into account.
2.0.0-alpha.6 — Dec 5 2013
- Rewrite syntax parsing so parser and resulting maps are shared across Susy.
- Fix explicit-span bug causing large gutters.
- Padding mixins now respect inside gutters.
Backwards Incompatible:
- Removed
gutters $n
keyword in shorthand syntax for setting explicit gutters. Use(gutter-override: $n)
map instead.
2.0.0-alpha.5 — Nov 25 2013
-
Compass is no longer a dependency.
- Only registers as a compass extension if compass is present.
-
Any mixin/function that accepts natural language syntax also accepts maps.
-
Maps and natural language can be mixed:
$large: (columns: 12, gutters: .5);
span(3 $large no-gutters)
-
Add
full
mixin for full-width spans.
Backwards Incompatible:
-
Requires Sass 3.3
-
Default settings are handled with a Sass map on the
$susy
variable. Example:$susy: (columns: 12, gutters: .25)
etc. -
bleed
now takes standard span syntax, with multiple (TRBL) spans.- e.g.
bleed(1em 2 of 8)
for 1em top/bottom and 2-columns left/right. - Add
bleed-x
/bleed-y
mixins for horizontal and vertical shortcuts.
- e.g.
-
Span arguments now accept
narrow
,wide
, orwider
keywords.- The
wide
keyword replaces the oldouter
keyword. - This setting has been re-named from
outer
tospread
.
- The
-
Re-wrote grid debugging
- More concise & accurate output for symmetrical grids.
- Changed
grid-background()
toshow-grid()
/show-grids()
- Changed
overlay-grid()
togrid-overlay()
- Moved settings into
$debug: (color: rgba(#66f, .25), toggle: top right);
- Removed overlay-position setting.
- Only display vertical-rhythms when
$base-line-height
is available.
-
split
gutters are no longer removed at the grid edges.first
andlast
are not special cases for split gutter-handling.- pass the
container
argument to wrappers you plan to nest inside.
-
first
/alpha
/last
/omega
/nth-
mixins require grid context.
2.0.0-alpha.4 — Sept 4 2013
-
Add
bleed
mixin. -
Fix bug with fluid inside-gutter calculations.
-
$last-flow
setting controls the flow direction of row-ending elements. -
background-grid-output
now accepts$line-height
argument. -
Compass modules are imported as needed.
-
grid-background
,grid-overlay
,grid-background-output
, &$grid-background-color
have been renamed to remiain consistent and avoid conflicts with Compass:grid-background
=>background-grid
grid-overlay
=>overlay-grid
grid-background-output
=>background-grid-output
$grid-background-color
=>$grid-color
-
span
mixing accepts nested@content
, and uses nested context. -
Add
inside-static
option for static gutters in otherwise fluid grids. -
gutters
mixin uses span syntax, accepts explicit gutter span. -
Explicit gutter-overrides are divided when gutters are
split
/inside
.
2.0.0-alpha.3 — July 9 2013
-
row
now includes clearfix, andunrow
removes clearfix. -
gallery
output should override previous gallery settings. -
Removed
nth-gallery
andisolate-gallery
in favor of single, isolatedgallery
mixin. -
Add padding-span syntax:
prefix
,suffix
, andpad
. -
Add margin-span syntax:
pre
,post
,push
,pull
, andsquish
. -
New
gutters
mixin adds gutters to an element. -
gutter
function now returns half-widths when using split/inside gutters. -
Add
outer
keyword tospan
syntax, to return span-width including gutters.- Works with both span mixin and span function.
- Replaces Susy 1.0
space
function.
-
Add comrehensive unit tests, using True.
-
Improve fall-abck handling of ommitted arguments.
-
Add
container
function to return a given container’s width. -
Add
auto
keyword to override$container-width
, otherwise respect existing width. -
Renamed
$isolate
to$layout-method
- No longer accepts boolean.
- Accepts keywords
isolate
and (default)float
.
-
Renamed
$static
to$layout-math
- No longer accepts boolean.
- Accepts keywords
static
(use given units) and (default)fluid
(use % units).
-
Add
show-columns
andshow-baseline
keywords to$show-grids
setting.show
will show both columns/baseline, default isshow-columns
.
2.0.0-alpha.2 — May 7 2013
-
Added
gutter <length>
/gutters <length>
to override the attached gutter width on a single span.- NOTE:
gutters 0
is not the same asno-gutters
.0
is an output value,no-gutters
removes output.
- NOTE:
-
Added
container
span option to remove inside gutters from nesting containers. -
Added
before
/after
/split
/inside
/no-gutters
gutter options. -
Added
gallery
mixin for auto-generating gallery layouts. -
Moved grid-backgrounds into language layer, and made them syntax-aware.
-
Added
row
/unrow
,first
/last
,alpha
/omega
,nth-first
/nth-last
, andnth-alpha
/nth-omega
. -
Added
container
andspan
mixins with new syntax. -
Added syntax-aware math functions (
span
/gutter
/outer-span
). -
Added rough
translate-susy1-settings
mixin. -
Moved syntax-specific math into language layer.
-
Fleshed-out new language syntax.
-
Added
get-grid
,set-grid
, anduse-grid
and declaring and managing settings. -
Remove breakpoint core requirement (will come back as option)
2.0.0-alpha.1 — Jan 26 2013
Susy 2.0 was re-written from the ground up.
- Functioning math engine
- Initial string parsing for natural syntax
- Float/Isolation output methods
- Removed all ECHOE/RAKE stuff in favor of vanilla .gemspec
- Added Ruby based String Split function
- Added Sass based
grid-add
function, to add grids à la Singularity - Added default variables
1.0.5 — Nov 27 2012
- Add support for rem-units.
- Clean-up quoted arguments.
- Fix a few bugs related to the override settings.
1.0.4 — Nov 3 2012
- Fix bug in nested mixins that adjust support
(e.g.
nth-omeg
insideat-breakpoint
). - Remove non-ie experimental support in
at-breakpoint
ie-fallback output.
1.0.3 — Oct 20 2012
- Fix Compass dependencies.
1.0.2 — Oct 20 2012
- Fix a bug with
container-outer-width
ignoring$columns
argument. - Turn off legacy-ie support inside CSS3 selectors (
nth-omega
etc).
1.0.1 — Sept 12 2012
- Fix a bug in the relationship
between
$container-width
and$border-box-sizing
, so that grid-padding is subtracted from the width in certain cases. - Reset right margin to
auto
rather than0
withremove-omega
.
1.0 — Aug 14 2012
This release is loaded with new features, but don’t let that fool you. Susy just became shockingly simple to use.
The gem name has changed from compass-susy-plugin
to susy
.
First uninstall the old gem, then install the new one.
If you have both gems installed, you will get errors.
Semantics:
We re-arranged the code in order to make the syntax simpler and more consistent:
$total-cols
is now$total-columns
.$col-width
is now$column-width
.$side-gutter-width
is now$grid-padding
and gets applied directly to the grid container.un-column
&reset-column
mixins have merged intoreset-columns
.columns
has been renamedspan-columns
to resolve the conflict with CSS3 columns. See other improvements to span-columns below.
We also removed several bothersome requirements:
- The
alpha
mixin is no longer needed. Ever. - The
omega
no longer takes a$context
argument. full
has been removed entirely. Elements will be full-width by default. You can addclear: both;
back in as needed.side-gutter()
is no longer needed. You can use the$grid-padding
setting directly.
Upgrade:
That’s all you need in order to upgrade from Susy 0.9.
- Uninstall and re-install the gem.
- Find and replace the semantic changes listed above.
You’re done! Stop worrying about all that “nested vs. root” bullshit, and start playing with the new toys!
If you use the $from
directional arguments
directly in the span-columns
mixin,
there may be one more change to make.
See below:
New Features:
-
span-columns
supports new features:- “omega” can be applied directly through the
$columns
argument. - Internal padding can be added through the
$padding
argument. - This pushes the
$from
argument from third position into fourth.
- “omega” can be applied directly through the
-
at-breakpoint
allows you to change layouts at media breakpoints. -
container
accepts multiple media-layout combinations as a shortcut. -
layout
allows you to use a different layout at any time. -
with-grid-settings
allows you to change any or all grid settings. -
set-container-width
does what it says, without the other container code. -
$breakpoint-media-output
,$breakpoint-ie-output
, and$breakpoint-raw-output
settings help manage the different outputs fromat-breakpoint
when you have IE-overrides living in a file of their own. -
border-box-sizing
will apply the popular* { box-sizing: border-box }
universal box-model fix, as well as changing the Susy$border-box-model
setting for you, so Susy knows to adjust some math. -
The
space()
function can be used anywhere you need column+gutter math. -
push
/pull
/pre
/post
/squish
mixins help manage margins. -
use the
nth-omega
mixin to set omega on any nth-child, nth-of-type, first, last, or only element. -
remove-omega
andremove-nth-omega
will remove the omega-specific styles from an element. -
$container-width
will override the width of your container with any arbitrary length. -
$container-style
will override the type of grid container (magic, fluid, fixed, static, etc) to use.
0.9 — Apr 25 2011
Everything here is about simplicity. Susy has scaled back to it’s most basic function: providing flexible grids. That is all.
Deprecated:
- The
susy/susy
import is deprecated in favor of simply importingsusy
. - The
show-grid
import is deprecated in favor of CSS3 gradient-based grid-images. You can now use thesusy-grid-background
mixin. See below.
Removed:
- Susy no longer imports all of compass.
- Susy no longer establishes your baseline and no longer provides a reset. All of that is in the Compass core. You can (and should!) keep using them, but you will need to import them from compass.
New:
- Use
susy-grid-background
mixin on anycontainer
to display the grid. This toggles on and off with the same controls that are used by the compass grid-background module.
0.9.beta.3 — Mar 16 2011
Deprecated:
- The
susy/reset
import has been deprecated in favor of the Compass corecompass/reset
import. - The
susy
mixin has been deprecated. If you plan to continue using vertical-rhythms, you should replace it with theestablish-baseline
mixin from the Compass Core.
Removed:
- The
vertical-rhythm
module has moved into compass core. The API remains the same, but if you were importing it directly, you will have to update that import. ($px2em
was removed as part of this, but didn’t make it into core). - The
defaults
template has been removed as ‘out-of-scope’. This will not effect upgrading in any way, but new projects will not get a template with default styles.
New Features:
- Susy now supports RTL grids and bi-directional sites
using the
$from-direction
variable (default: left) and an optional additional from-direction argument on all affected mixins. Thanks to @bangpound for the initial implementation. - Susy is now written in pure Sass! No extra Ruby functions included! Thanks to the Sass team for making it possible.
0.8.1 — Sep 24 2010
- Fixed typos in tutorial and
_defaults.scss
0.8.0 — Aug 13 2010
Deprecated:
- The
skip-link
was deprecated as it doesn’t belong in Susy. - All the IE-specific mixins have been deprecated,
along with the
$hacks
variable. Hacks are now used in the default mixins as per Compass. - The
hide
mixin was deprecated in favor of the Compasshide-text
mixin.
Other Changes:
inline-block-list
will be moved to the compass core soon. In preparation, I’ve cleaned it up some. You can now apply a padding of “0” to override previous padding arguments. You can also useinline-block-list-container
andinline-block-list-item
as you would with the Compasshorizontal-list
mixins.- The
$align
arguments have been removed from both thesusy
andcontainer
mixins. Text-alignment is no longer used or needed in achieving page centering. That was a cary-over from the IE5 Mac days. - The
container
mixin now uses thepie-clearfix
compass mixin to avoid setting the overflow to hidden. - Default styles have been cleaned up to account
for better font stacks and typography, html5 elements,
vertically-rhythmed forms, expanded print styles,
use of
@extend
, and overall simplification.
0.7.0 — Jun 01 2010
- updated documentation
0.7.0.rc2 — May 13 2010
- Fixes a bug with grid.png and a typo in the readme. Nothing major here.
0.7.0.rc1 — May 12 2010
- template cleanup & simplification - no more pushing CSSEdit comments, etc.
- expanded base and defaults with better fonts & styles out-of-the-box
- expanded readme documentation. This will expand out into a larger docs/tutorial site in the next week.
0.7.0.pre8 — Apr 20 2010
- mostly syntax and gem cleanup
- added
un-column
mixin to reset elements previously declared as columns. - added
rhythm
mixin as shortcut for leaders/trailers. accepts 4 args: leader, padding-leader, padding-trailer, trailer. - added a warning on
alpha
to remind you thatalpha
is not needed at nested levels.
0.7.0.pre7 — Apr 13 2010
- Requires HAML 3 and Compass 0.10.0.rc2
- Internal syntax switched to scss. This will have little or no effect on users. You can still use Susy with either (Sass/Scss) syntax.
$default-rhythm-border-style
overrides default rhythm border styles- Better handling of sub-pixel rounding for IE6
0.7.0.pre6 — Mar 29 2010
- Added
+h-borders()
shortcut for vertical_rhythm+horizontal-borders()
- Fixed vertical rhythm font-size typo (thanks @oscarduignan)
- Added to template styles, so susy is already in place from the start
0.7.0.pre5 — Mar 19 2010
- Expanded and adjusted
_vertical_rhythm.sass
in ways that are not entirely backwards compatible. Check the file for details. _defaults.sass
is re-ordered from inline to block.:focus
defaults cleaned up.- README and docs updated.
0.7.0.pre4 — Jan 20 2010
Update: pre2 was missing a file in the manifest. Use pre4.
Update: Forgot to note one change:
+susy
is no longer assigned to the body
tag,
but instead at the top level of the document
(not nested under anything).
Warning: This update is not backwards compatible. We’ve changed some things. You’ll have to change some things. Our changes were fairly major in cleaning up the code - yours will be minor and also clean up some code.
Added:
- new
_vertical_rhythm.sass
(thanks to Chris Eppstein) provides better establishing of the baseline grid, as well as mixins to help you manage it. !px2em
has replacedpx2em()
- see below.
Removed:
px2em()
has been removed and replaced with a simple variable!px2em
which returns the size of one pixel relative to your basic em-height. Multiply against your desired px dimensions (i.e.border-width = !px2em*5px
will output the em-equivalent of 5px).!base_font_size_px
and!base_line_height_px
have been replaced with!base_font_size
and!base_line_height
which take advantage of sass’s built-in unit handling.!grid_units
is not needed, as you can now declare your units directly in the other grid_width
variables. Use any one type of units in declaring your grid. The units you use will be used in setting the container size.
Once you’ve upgraded, before you compile your files, make these changes:
- remove the “_px” from the font-size and line-height variables, and add “px” to their values.
- remove the
!grid_units
variable and add units to your grid variable values. - find any uses of
px2em()
and replace them with something. - enjoy!
0.7.0.pre1 — Nov 30 2009
Not a lot of new functionality here – it all moved over to Compass 0.10.0 – mostly just cleaning it up to match.
- simplified the default styles
and gave them their own project template (
_defaults.sass
). - defaults not imported by
ie.sass
, asie.sass
should be cascading on top ofscreen.sass
anyway - changed the syntax to match CSS and Compass
(
property:
replaces:property
) - added more inline documentation and brought tutorial up to date
- moved CSS3 module over to Compass
- import the compass HTML5 reset along with the normal reset by default (because Susy loves the future)
- little internal management fixes and so on and so on…
Older
Not documented here. Check the commit log…


Fuel
Vehicle Name
Dashboard
Home
Ø 6.4l
Add Refuelling
Today
memo note for this refuelling...
45.3l
1.18
9
€
69.00 €
5.5l
Yesterday
very short memo
41.3l
1.28
9
€
59.00 €
5.4l
Wed 30. Jan
11.3l
1.18
9
€
29.00 €
-


--- layout: post title: 'Volleyball: SITN (0) vs. Cheeseheads xxxxiv (3)' categories: [] tags: [] status: publish type: post published: true meta: _original_post_id: '' _original_import_author: John Duprey author: ---
jduprey


Accomodations
The Pearl Hotel
Come visit this luxury resort!
We have beautiful pools and spa areas!
Whale Beach
Or relaxing sandy beaches.


AirConsole raises $3m in Series A round
Cloud-based casual gaming platform looks towards partnership development
by Haydn TaylorCloud-based casual gaming platform AirConsole has closed a Series A funding round worth $3 million.
Led by Ringier Digital Ventures, funds will be used to grow the AirConsole game library and develop partnerships with TV operators and manufactures.
Founded in 2015 by a former Google employee, AirConsole allows players to game through their laptop or AndroidTV using a smartphone as a controller, requiring no additional hardware or software.
AirConsole currently boasts over 150 games and five million players. This year has seen over one million hours of gaming played on the platform.
"Digital casual gaming is a huge trend globally and TV set-top box operators are looking for new ways to differentiate themselves from competition and to stay relevant," said Thomas Kaiser from Ringier Digital Ventres.
"AirConsole is a fantastic opportunity for these partners and will give AirConsole's game publishers a boost in audience for their games."
AirConsoles comes pre-installed on 1.5 million SwisscomTV set-top boxes, and founder Andrin von Rechenberg is looking to extend this arrangement to other operators and manufactures.


Upon the completion of the AWS re/start program in Manchester, run by Generation UK & Ireland, I have now passed the AWS Cloud Practitioner certificate. The tech industry has always been a great interest and passion of mine, and the AWS re/start program has bolstered that interest even more by introducing me to the cloud. My strong points include problem solving, persistence, hardworking and working within a team. I am currently looking to further my career in the tech industry by taking on a Junior Cloud Engineer position.
A riddle game that consists of dares built using Python. I built this game during my early days of learning Python. This game helped me better understand how Python worked.
View ProjectA Simple Rock, Paper, Scissors Game built using Python. This game was built during my early days learning Python. I built this game by following instructions which I found on Google. This helped me better understand Python.
View Project


NearTree
What does it do?
NearTree will take a query SEQID, and then find the X closest strains to it out of a list specified by creating a phylogenetic tree and looking for the tips that are closest to your query strain.
How do I use it?
Subject
In the Subject
field, put NearTree
. Spelling counts, but case sensitivity doesn't.
Description
The first line of the description should be the number of closest strains you want to your query strain.
The second line must say query
, and the third line should be the query SEQID you want to find close relatives for.
The fourth line must say reference
, and every line after that should be a SEQID you want to compare your query to.
Example
For an example NearTree, see issue 12940.
Interpreting Results
Upon completion, you'll be given a list of the SEQIDs that are closest to the query specified. The most closely related will be listed first, with each SEQID listed after that becoming slightly more distant.
How long does it take?
This depends largely on the number of strains you want to use to create the tree. It can often be as quick as a few minutes if you have 10 or less strains, or take several hours if you want a larger (100 or so strain) tree.
What can go wrong?
A few things can go wrong with this process:
1) Requested SEQIDs are not available. If we can't find some of the SEQIDs that you request, you will get a warning message informing you of it.
2) Strains too far apart. NearTree will warn you if it thinks that the strains you want to make a tree from are not closely related enough. If you get this warning, you may want to consider creating a new issue while leaving out the strains it says are too far.


Before Change
def test_sdk_path_is_none(self):
with self.assertRaises(AndroidDistribution.DistributionError):
with self.env() as sdk:
AndroidDistribution.cached(sdk)
def test_validate_bad_path(self):
// The SDK path is not validated until the tool is registered.
sdk = os.path.join("/no", "sdk", "here")
android_sdk = AndroidDistribution.cached(sdk)
After Change
def test_sdk_path_is_none(self):
with self.env() as sdk:
with self.assertRaises(AndroidDistribution.DistributionError):
AndroidDistribution.cached(sdk)
def test_validate_bad_path(self):
// The SDK path is not validated until the tool is registered.
sdk = os.path.join("/no", "sdk", "here")


Translate 68KB
By default 68KB comes with an English language file. You can create your own language files by translating the file inside the includes/application/language/english folder.
For example if you are creating a Spanish site then you would create a new folder includes/applicaton/language/spanish/ and make a copy of the files the in the english folder.
After you have done the translation open the file includes/config.php and change this line:
$config['language'] = "english";
To:
$config['language'] = "spanish";
Framework Language Files
68KB uses CodeIgniter as the php framework and it includes it's own language files and they are located in includes/system/language/. Those files have already been translated into other languages and you can download these from the CodeIgniter Wiki.
Changing the date time format
The date format is stored in the includes/config.php and uses php date() function
$config['date_format'] = 'Y-m-d H:i:s';
$config['comment_date_format'] = 'F j, Y h:i a';
$config['article_date_format'] = 'F j, Y';


Let's talk and see what we can build together. I would love to chat!
Let Loose
Piece to practice hand lettering with different brushes.
Exploring the mixed media of photography and digital lettering with layer masks and a compilation of hand-written and premade fonts.
Date: January 2017
Client: Threads
Category: Illustration
Atmospheric
This illustration aims to remind us of our proximity to our universe and the magically complex system that we are a small part of.
This illustration was drawn while traveling through the jungles of Veracruz, México.
Date: August 2017
Tool: iPad Pro & iOrnament
Category: Graphic Design
Save Us
This piece was motivated by a curiousity in photo editing intersecting with a desire to raise awareness for climate change.
This piece represents my practice with masking tools in Photoshop as well as more intricate processes of editing RAW data.
Date: July 2017
Tool: Photoshop
Category: Photo Editing
Free Your Mind
This piece represents the beginning of my mindset shift.
From the second that you're in this world,
They tell you what is “fair”,
The questions you're allowed to ask,
And the ones you wouldn't dare.
Placed on the path they’ve paved for you,
Life pushes you along,
Without the chance to stop and think,
If it's right where you belong,
But beyond your pathway's edges,
Is where living really starts,
A land of risks and danger,
And the land of broken hearts.
They'll tell you you should fear this land,
That there’s no good there at all,
As they live their lives as they’ve been taught, Behind expectation’s wall,
But the best people you’ll ever meet,
Have wandered off their track,
Found themselves along the way,
And have no need to wander back,
So forget about life’s road map,
Follow your heart at any cost,
For you’ll never truly find yourself,
If you’re too scared to get lost
-E.H.
Date: September 2017
Tool: Lightroom & Procreate
Category: Photography & Lettering
Strange & Special
Let your weird side shine.
We are often encouraged to supress what makes us quirky––in fear that we will be ostracized for our differences. However, the only way to pursue a meaningful life is to embrace the traits that make you different from the person standing next to you.
Date: November 2017
Category: Lettering
iPhone Wallpaper
Penrose Triangle
This piece marks my first use of Illustrator. Through creating this image, I found footing with countless Illustrator tools and flirted with others.


Automatically detect server upon login.
Standard Deployments
Login URL: (ends in ".woa")
Hosted Accounts
Server:
Account #: If using hosted account, leave Login URL blank (above).
Use SSL
Automatically grab cedentials Always Only if not already logged in Never
Tech username:
Password:
Save username and password
Badge: My new tickets My new & updated tickets Group new tickets Group new & updated tickets
Refresh Interval: 1 minute 2 minutes 5 minutes 10 minutes Custom Refresh interval (in seconds):


Pati Patni Aur Woh Movie Leaked Online By Tamilrockers
by TY-StaffTamilrockers leaks Pati Patni Aur Woh movie online after its theatrical release: Mudassar Aziz directorial Pati Patni Aur Woh, starring Kartik Aaryan, Bhumi Pednekar and Ananya Panday in lead roles, is the latest victim of piracy site Tamilrockers.
Lighthearted comedy Pati Patni Aur Woh has been spilled by piracy site Tamilrockers. The Mudassar Aziz directorial stars Kartik Aaryan, Bhumi Pednekar and Ananya Panday in lead roles.
As the name proposes, Tamilrockers was prior constrained to just Tamil movies, however has since steadily extended its range to Bollywood movies, TV appears, web arrangement and Hollywood movies
The piracy site has not quit being a troublemaker regardless of a request against them by the Madras High Court. Tamilrockers keeps on working through intermediary servers and continues changing its area making it hard to obstruct the site.
Will the hole influence film industry?
Pati Patni Aur Woh is apparently made on a spending limit of ₹25 crores. According to the most recent patterns in the cinematic world, the primary few days of another release is viewed as a critical time to anticipate the general run. The main end of the week enables the film to develop considerably, additionally getting a huge return of venture. With back to back holes on the principal day of release itself, producers are clearly confronting a test of preventing the pilfered duplicates from arriving at the overall population by hindering numerous websites. In any case, in any event, hindering the site hasn’t demonstrated to be useful as they hold developing back with more up to date servers and IP addresses.


!Clan warehouse:
[npc_%objectId%_WithdrawC 0|List all]
[npc_%objectId%_WithdrawC 1|Weapons]
[npc_%objectId%_WithdrawC 2|Armors]
[npc_%objectId%_WithdrawC 3|Jewels]
[npc_%objectId%_WithdrawC 4|Accessories]
[npc_%objectId%_WithdrawC 5|Consumable]
[npc_%objectId%_WithdrawC 6|Matherials]
[npc_%objectId%_WithdrawC 7|Key matherials]
[npc_%objectId%_WithdrawC 8|Recipies]
[npc_%objectId%_WithdrawC 9|Books]
[npc_%objectId%_WithdrawC 10|Misc]
[npc_%objectId%_WithdrawC 11|Other]


ProntoAuthentication
public class ProntoAuthentication : PluginBase
Helper class for all authentication related functions
-
Returns the currently logged in user
Declaration
Swift
private(set) public var currentUser: User? { get set }
-
Default contructor
Declaration
Swift
public convenience init()
-
Login for a specific username (email) and password
Declaration
Swift
public func login(email: String, password: String) -> Promise<User>
Parameters
email
String
the email addresspassword
String
the passwordReturn Value
Promise<User>
-
Registers a new user.
After the registration, the user needs to login manually.
Warning
The user should have: lastName, firstName and email
Parameters
user
User
the userpassword
String
the passwordReturn Value
Promise<User>
-
Requests a password forgotten change request
Declaration
Swift
public func passwordResetRequest(email: String) -> Promise<Void>
Return Value
Promise<Void>
-
Get the user profile of the current access-token
Declaration
Swift
public func getProfile() -> Promise<User>
Return Value
Promise<User>
-
Logs out the currently logged in user
Declaration
Swift
public func clear()


Electric cars can be 'silent killers' for the visually impaired people
A partially blind woman has warned of the dangers of electric vehicles after a frightening near-miss.
Debra Roffey, 52, and her five-year-old guide dog Crystal were almost hit by one of the near silent cars on the seafront at Paignton, Devon in November 2017.
She was completely unaware of the approaching vehicle and was pulled away with her pet by a passer-by.
Now Debra is backing Vision Express’ Stop Look Listen campaign, which emphasises the importance of double checking the coast is clear before crossing the road.
She added: ‘There was no warning. There was no noise and no fumes from an exhaust so Crystal didn’t pick up on the fact there was a car behind us on the seafront pathway.
‘We could have been seriously injured or worse. It is ridiculous that there are so many noiseless electric cars on the road.
Advertisement Advertisement
‘I’ve nothing against electric cars but they should all have sound systems so people know they are there.’
Debra, from Lamerton, Tavistock, Devon, suffers from optical atrophy and has 10 per cent vision in her left eye and is completely blind in the right one.
Vision Express commissioned a survey for Road Safety Week which found 76 per cent of people feel unsafe because of quiet electric and hybrid cars, 250,000 of which are on UK roads.
The poll of 2,000 people was carried out between November 12 and 15.
It also found one in five people has experienced a collision or near miss with an electric car.
In a bid to make them safer, a new EU requires all newly made electric and hybrid vehicles to have an audio signal system, which must be fitted to all pre-existing models by July 2021.
Vision Express’ Dan McGhee said there could be nine million of these vehicles on the UK’s roads by 2030 and that 85 per cent of adults say they have problems with their vision.
As part of its campaign the company is encouraging people who have been putting off eye tests to get one sooner rather than later.
Got a story for Metro.co.uk?
Get in touch with our news team by emailing us at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>For more stories like this, check our news page.


Enter your start and end points to the boxes, or leave your start point blank to use your current location. When you click go, your route will be shown with any relevent incidents.
Historical incidents are gathered from past data and are shown in yellow
Police incidents are taken from past police reports and are orange


An array is a variable that can be used to store a set of values. Usually the values are related in some way. Individual elements are accessed by their index in the array. Each index is enclosed in square brackets. The following statement assigns a value to an element of an array:
array
[subscript
] =value
In awk, you don't have to declare the size of the array; you only have
to use the identifier as an array. This is best done by assigning a
value to an array element. For instance, the following example
assigns the string "
cherry"
to an element of the array named
flavor.
flavor[1] = "cherry"
The index or subscript of this element of the array is "1". The following statement prints the string "cherry":
print flavor[1]
Loops can be used to load and extract elements from arrays. For instance, if the array flavor has five elements, you can write a loop to print each element:
flavor_count = 5 for (x = 1; x <= flavor_count; ++x) print flavor[x]
One way that arrays are used in awk is to store a value from each record, using the record number as the index to the array. Let's suppose we wanted to keep track of the averages calculated for each student and come up with a class average. Each time a record is read we make the following assignment.
student_avg[NR] = avg
The system variable NR is used as the subscript for the array because it is incremented for each record. When the first record is read, the value of avg is placed in student_avg[1]; for the second record, the value is placed in student_avg[2], and so on. After we have read all of the records, we have a list of averages in the array student_avg. In an END rule, we can average all of these grades by writing a loop to get the total of the grades and then dividing it by the value of NR. Then we can compare each student average to the class average to collect totals for the number of students at or above average and the number below.
END { for ( x = 1; x <= NR; x++ ) class_avg_total += student_avg[x] class_average = class_avg_total / NR for ( x = 1; x <= NR; x++ ) if (student_avg[x] >= class_average) ++above_average else ++below_average print "Class Average: ", class_average print "At or Above Average: ", above_average print "Below Average: ", below_average }
There are two for loops for accessing the elements of the array. The first one totals the averages so that it can be divided by the number of student records. The next loop retrieves each student average so that it can be compared to the class average. If it is at or above average, we increment the variable above_average; otherwise, we increment below_average.
In awk, all arrays are associative arrays. What makes an associative array unique is that its index can be a string or a number.
In most programming languages, the indices of arrays are exclusively numeric. In these implementations, an array is a sequence of locations where values are stored. The indices of the array are derived from the order in which the values are stored. There is no need to keep track of indices. For instance, the index of the first element of an array is "1" or the first location in the array.
An associative array makes an "association" between the indices and the elements of an array. For each element of the array, a pair of values is maintained: the index of the element and the value of the element. The elements are not stored in any particular order as in a conventional array. Thus, even though you can use numeric subscripts in awk, the numbers do not have the same meaning that they do in other programming languages - they do not necessarily refer to sequential locations. However, with numeric indices, you can still access all the elements of an array in sequence, as we did in previous examples. You can create a loop to increment a counter that references the elements of the array in order.
Sometimes, the distinction between numeric and string indices is important. For instance, if you use "04" as the index to an element of the array, you cannot reference that element using "4" as its subscript. You'll see how to handle this problem in a sample program date-month, shown later in this chapter.
Associative arrays are a distinctive feature of awk, and a very powerful one that allows you to use a string as an index to another value. For instance, you could use a word as the index to its definition. If you know the word, you can retrieve the definition.
For example, you could use the first field of the input line as the index to the second field with the following assignment:
array[$1] = $2
Using this technique, we could take our list of acronyms and load it into an array named acro.
acro[$1] = $2
Each element of the array would be the description of an acronym and the subscript used to retrieve the element would be the acronym itself. The following expression:
acro["BASIC"]
produces:
Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
There is a special looping syntax for accessing all the elements of an associative array. It is a version of the for loop.
for (
variable
inarray
)
do something with array
[variable
]
The array is the name of an array, as it
was defined. The variable is any variable,
which you can think of as a temporary variable similar to a counter
that is incremented in a conventional for loop.
This variable is set to a particular subscript each time through the
loop. (Because variable
is an arbitrary
name, you often see item used, regardless of what
variable name was used for the subscript when the array was loaded.)
For example, the following for loop prints the name
of the acronym item and the definition referenced by that name,
acro[item].
for ( item in acro ) print item, acro[item]
In this example, the print statement prints the current subscript ("BASIC," for instance) followed by the element of the acro array referenced by the subscript ("Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code").
This syntax can be applied to arrays with numeric subscripts. However, the order in which the items are retrieved is somewhat random.[2] The order is very likely to vary among awk implementations; be careful to write your programs so that they don't depend on any one version of awk.
[2] The technical term used in The AWK Programming Language is "implementation dependent."
It is important to remember that all array indices in awk are strings. Even when you use a number as an index, awk automatically converts it to a string first. You don't have to worry about this when you use integer indices, since they get converted to strings as integers, no matter what the value may be of OFMT (original awk and earlier versions of new awk) or CONVFMT (POSIX awk). But if you use a real number as an index, the number to string conversion might affect you. For instance:
$ gawk 'BEGIN { data[1.23] = "3.21"; CONVFMT = "%d" > printf "<%s>\n", data[1.23] }' <>
Here, nothing was printed between the angle brackets, since the second time, 1.23 was converted to just 1, and data["1"] has the empty string as its value.
NOTE: Not all implementations of awk get the number to string conversion right when CONVFMT has changed between one use of a number and the next. Test the above example with your awk to be sure it works correctly.
Now let's return to our student grade program for an example. Let's say that we wanted to report how many students got an "A," how many got a "B," and so on. Once we determine the grade, we could increment a counter for that grade. We could set up individual variables for each letter grade and then test which one to increment.
if ( grade == "A" ) ++gradeA else if (grade == "B" ) ++gradeB .
.
.
However, an array makes this task much easier. We can define an array called class_grade, and simply use the letter grade (A through F) as the index to the array.
++class_grade[grade]
Thus, if the grade is an "A" then the value of class_grade["A"] is incremented by one. At the end of the program, we can print out these values in the END rule using the special for loop:
for (letter_grade in class_grade) print letter_grade ":", class_grade[letter_grade] | "sort"
The variable letter_grade references a single subscript of the array class_grade each time through the loop. The output is piped to sort, to make sure the grades come out in the proper order. (Piping output to programs is discussed in Chapter 10, The Bottom Drawer.) Since this is the last addition we make to the grades.awk script, we can look at the full listing.
# grades.awk -- average student grades and determine # letter grade as well as class averages. # $1 = student name; $2 - $NF = test scores. # set output field separator to tab. BEGIN { OFS = "\t" } # action applied to all input lines { # add up grades total = 0 for (i = 2; i <= NF; ++i) total += $i # calculate average avg = total / (NF - 1) # assign student's average to element of array student_avg[NR] = avg # determine letter grade if (avg >= 90) grade = "A" else if (avg >= 80) grade = "B" else if (avg >= 70) grade = "C" else if (avg >= 60) grade = "D" else grade = "F" # increment counter for letter grade array ++class_grade[grade] # print student name, average and letter grade print $1, avg, grade } # print out class statistics END { # calculate class average for (x = 1; x <= NR; x++) class_avg_total += student_avg[x] class_average = class_avg_total / NR # determine how many above/below average for (x = 1; x <= NR; x++) if (student_avg[x] >= class_average) ++above_average else ++below_average # print results print "" print "Class Average: ", class_average print "At or Above Average: ", above_average print "Below Average: ", below_average # print number of students per letter grade for (letter_grade in class_grade) print letter_grade ":", class_grade[letter_grade] | "sort" }
Here's a sample run:
$cat grades.test
mona 70 77 85 83 70 89 john 85 92 78 94 88 91 andrea 89 90 85 94 90 95 jasper 84 88 80 92 84 82 dunce 64 80 60 60 61 62 ellis 90 98 89 96 96 92 $awk -f grades.awk grades.test
mona 79 C john 88 B andrea 90.5 A jasper 85 B dunce 64.5 D ellis 93.5 A Class Average: 83.4167 At or Above Average: 4 Below Average: 2 A: 2 B: 2 C: 1 D: 1
The keyword in is also an operator that can be used in a conditional expression to test that a subscript is a member of an array. The expression:
item in array
returns 1 if array[item] exists and 0 if it does not. For example, the following conditional statement is true if the string "BASIC" is a subscript of the array acro.
if ( "BASIC" in acro ) print "Found BASIC"
This is true if "BASIC" is a subscript used to access an element of acro. This syntax cannot tell you whether "BASIC" is the value of an element of acro. This expression is the same as writing a loop to check that such a subscript exists, although the above expression is much easier to write, and much more efficient to execute.
This program reads a series of glossary entries from a file named glossary and puts them into an array. The user is prompted to enter a glossary term and if it is found, the definition of the term is printed.
Here's the lookup program:
awk '# lookup -- reads local glossary file and prompts user for query #0 BEGIN { FS = "\t"; OFS = "\t" # prompt user printf("Enter a glossary term: ") } #1 read local file named glossary FILENAME == "glossary" { # load each glossary entry into an array entry[$1] = $2 next } #2 scan for command to exit program $0 ~ /^(quit|[qQ]|exit|[Xx])$/ { exit } #3 process any non-empty line $0 != "" { if ( $0 in entry ) { # it is there, print definition print entry[$0] } else print $0 " not found" } #4 prompt user again for another term { printf("Enter another glossary term (q to quit): ") }' glossary -
The pattern-matching rules are numbered to make this discussion easier. As we look at the individual rules, we'll discuss them in the order in which they are encountered in the flow of the script. Rule #0 is the BEGIN rule, which is performed only once before any input is read. It sets FS and OFS to a tab and then prompts the user to enter a glossary item. The response will come from standard input, but that is read after the glossary file.
Rule #1 tests to see if the current filename (the value of FILENAME) is "glossary" and is therefore only applied while reading input from this file. This rule loads the glossary entries into an array:
entry[term] = definition
where $1 is the term and $2 is the definition. The next statement at the end of rule #1 is used to skip other rules in the script and causes a new line of input to be read. So, until all the entries in the glossary file are read, no other rule is evaluated.
Once input from glossary is exhausted, awk reads from standard input because "-" is specified on the command line. Standard input is where the user's response comes from. Rule #3 tests that the input line ($0) is not empty. This rule should match whatever the user types. The action uses in to see if the input line is an index in the array. If it is, it simply prints out the corresponding value. Otherwise, we tell the user that no valid entry was found.
After rule #3, rule #4 will be evaluated. This rule simply prompts the user for another entry. Note that regardless of whether a valid entry was processed in rule #3, rule #4 is executed. The prompt also tells the user how to quit the program. After this rule, awk looks for the next line of input.
If the user chooses to quit by entering "q" as the next line of input, rule #2 will be matched. The pattern looks for a complete line consisting of alternative words or single letters that the user might enter to quit. The "^" and "$" are important, signifying that the input line contains no other characters but these; otherwise a "q" appearing in a glossary entry would be matched. Note that the placement of this rule in the sequence of rules is significant. It must appear before rules #3 and #4 because these rules will match anything, including the words "quit" and "exit."
Let's look at how the program works. For this example, we will make a copy of the acronyms file and use it as the glossary file.
$cp acronyms glossary
$lookup
Enter a glossary term:GIGO
Garbage in, garbage out Enter another glossary term (q to quit):BASIC
Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code Enter another glossary term (q to quit):q
As you can see, the program is set up to prompt the user for additional items until the user enters "q".
Note that this program can be easily revised to read a glossary anywhere on the file system, including the user's home directory. The shell script that invokes awk could handle command-line options that allow the user to specify the glossary filename. You could also read a shared glossary file and then read a local one by writing separate rules to process the entries.
The built-in function split() can parse any string into elements of an array. This function can be useful to extract "subfields" from a field. The syntax of the split() function is:
n = split
(string
,array
,separator
)
string is the input string to be parsed
into elements of the named array. The
array's indices start at 1 and go to n
, the
number of elements in the array. The elements will be split based on
the specified separator character. If a
separator is not specified, then the field separator
(FS) is used. The
separator can be a full regular expression,
not just a single character. Array splitting behaves identically to
field splitting; see the section "Referencing and Separating Fields" in Chapter 7.
For example, if you had a record in which the first field consisted of the person's full name, you could use the split() function to extract the person's first and last names. The following statement breaks up the first field into elements of the array fullname:
z = split($1, fullname, " ")
A space is specified as the delimiter. The person's first name can be referenced as:
fullname[1]
and the person's last name can be referenced as:
fullname[z]
because z contains the number of elements in the array. This works, regardless of whether the person's full name contains a middle name. If z is the value returned by split(), you can write a loop to read all the elements of this array.
z = split($1, array, " ") for (i = 1; i <= z; ++i) print i, array[i]
The next section contains additional examples of using the split() function.
This section looks at two examples that demonstrate similar methods of converting output from one format to another.
When working on the index program shown in Chapter 12, Full-Featured Applications, we needed a quick way to assign roman numerals to volume numbers. In other words, volume 4 needed to be identified as "IV" in the index. Since there was no immediate prospect of the number of volumes exceeding 10, we wrote a script that took as input a number between 1 and 10 and converted it to a roman numeral.
This shell script takes the first argument from the command line and echoes it as input to the awk program.
echo $1 | awk '# romanum -- convert number 1-10 to roman numeral # define numerals as list of roman numerals 1-10 BEGIN { # create array named numerals from list of roman numerals split("I,II,III,IV,V,VI,VII,VIII,IX,X", numerals, ",") } # look for number between 1 and 10 $1 > 0 && $1 <= 10 { # print specified element print numerals[$1] exit } { print "invalid number" exit }'
This script defines a list of 10 roman numerals, then uses split() to load them into an array named numerals. This is done in the BEGIN action because it only needs to be done once.
The second rule checks that the first field of the input line contains a number between 1 and 10. If it does, this number is used as the index to the numerals array, retrieving the corresponding element. The exit statement terminates the program. The last rule is executed only if there is no valid entry.
Here's an example of how it works:
$romanum 4
IV
Following along on the same idea, here's a script that converts dates in the form "mm-dd-yy" or "mm/dd/yy" to "month day, year."
awk ' # date-month -- convert mm/dd/yy or mm-dd-yy to month day, year # build list of months and put in array. BEGIN { # the 3-step assignment is done for printing in book listmonths = "January,February,March,April,May,June," listmonths = listmonths "July,August,September," listmonths = listmonths "October,November,December" split(listmonths, month, ",") } # check that there is input $1 != "" { # split on "/" the first input field into elements of array sizeOfArray = split($1, date, "/") # check that only one field is returned if (sizeOfArray == 1) # try to split on "-" sizeOfArray = split($1, date, "-") # must be invalid if (sizeOfArray == 1) exit # add 0 to number of month to coerce numeric type date[1] += 0 # print month day, year print month[date[1]], (date[2] ", 19" date[3]) }'
This script reads from standard input. The BEGIN action creates an array named month whose elements are the names of the months of the year. The second rule verifies that we have a non-empty input line. The first statement in the associated action splits the first field of input looking for "/" as the delimiter. sizeOfArray contains the number of elements in the array. If awk was unable to parse the string, it creates the array with only one element. Thus, we can test the value of sizeOfArray to determine if we have several elements. If we do not, we assume that perhaps "-" was used as the delimiter. If that fails to produce an array with multiple elements, we assume the input is invalid, and exit. If we have successfully parsed the input, date[1] contains the number of the month. This value can be used as the index to the array month, nesting one array inside another. However, before using date[1], we coerce the type of date[1] by adding 0 to it. While awk will correctly interpret "11" as a number, leading zeros may cause a number to be treated as a string. Thus, "06" might not be recognized properly without type coercion. The element referenced by date[1] is used as the subscript for month.
Here's a sample run:
$echo "5/11/55" | date-month
May 11, 1955
Awk provides a statement for deleting an element of an array. The syntax is:
delete
array
[subscript
]
The brackets are required. This statement removes the element indexed by subscript from array. In particular, the in test for subscript will now return false. This is different than just assigning the empty string to that element; in that case in would still be true. See the lotto script in the next chapter for an example of using the delete statement.


Spring Drips Out Now
Dan Taro has found his voice on Spring Drips. This is the first full-length release from the Denver-based artist. The album shows the tenacity and focus of Taro’s musical career.
Spring Drips started in the summer of 2014 when Taro decided to create a band to bridge the gap between cold electronic sounds and human warmth. Over the course of that year, Taro spent each morning creating the foundation for the album. Through experimentation, songs began to take shape around bass lines, rhythms, or the timbres of different instruments.
Over sessions with Nate Ball, the resident drummer of the project, the two worked tirelessly recording in three different studios over the course of the next three and a half years. Other long-time friends made appearances in various songs to add another layer to the album.
All this culminated in the massive, sprawling, and complex work that is Spring Drips.


The main purpose of this website is to keep people updated with gaming news in a flash. I also made this website to make updates about the gaming community, and to help people know more about the Video Game they are trying to search up. More about this website is that it might not always be up to date with video games, but atleast it will still work.