Class ArrayView<T>
Implementation of ISettableGridView<T> that uses a 1D array to store data.
Inherited Members
Namespace: SadRogue.Primitives.GridViews
Assembly: TheSadRogue.Primitives.dll
Syntax
public sealed class ArrayView<T> : SettableGridViewBase<T>, ISettableGridView<T>, IGridView<T>, ICloneable, IMatchable<ArrayView<T>>
Type Parameters
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| T | The type of value being stored. |
Remarks
An ArrayView<T> can be implicitly converted to its underlying 1D array, which allows exposing that array to code that works with 1D arrays. Modifications in the array appear in the map view as well.
If you need a 2D array instead of 1D, then you should use ArrayView2D<T> instead.
Constructors
| Improve this Doc View SourceArrayView(T[], Int32)
Constructor. Takes an existing 1D array to use as the underlying array, and the width of the 2D grid represented by that array.
Declaration
public ArrayView(T[] existingArray, int width)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| T[] | existingArray | Existing 1D array to use as the underlying array. |
| Int32 | width | The width of the 2D grid represented by |
ArrayView(Int32, Int32)
Constructor. Takes width and height of array to create.
Declaration
public ArrayView(int width, int height)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Int32 | width | Width of array. |
| Int32 | height | Height of array. |
Properties
| Improve this Doc View SourceHeight
The height of the grid being represented.
Declaration
public override int Height { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Int32 |
Overrides
Item[Point]
Interface designed to act as a standardized input/output format that defines minimal required data for algorithms that operate and make changes to a grid of some sort. For a concrete implementation to subclass for custom implementations, see SettableGridViewBase<T>.
Declaration
public override T this[Point pos] { get; set; }
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Point | pos | Location to get/set the value for. |
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| T | The "value" associated with the provided location. |
Overrides
Remarks
See IGridView<T>. This interface serves the same purpose, but for cases when it is also necessary for an algorithm to be able to change the value at each location.
Like IGridView, a number of implementations of this interface to cover common needs are provided. For example, ArrayView<T> defines the interface such that the data is retrieved from and set to an array, and LambdaSettableGridView<T> defines the interface such that arbitrary callbacks are used to retrieve and set the data.
Width
The width of the grid being represented.
Declaration
public override int Width { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Int32 |
Overrides
Methods
| Improve this Doc View SourceClear()
Sets each element in the ArrayView to the default for type T.
Declaration
public void Clear()
Clone()
Performs deep copy of array view.
Declaration
public object Clone()
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Object | The cloned ArrayView. |
Matches(ArrayView<T>)
Compares the current ArrayView to the one given.
Declaration
public bool Matches(ArrayView<T> other)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ArrayView<T> | other |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Boolean | True if the given ArrayView<T> with a reference to the same underlying array, false otherwise. |
ToArray()
Converts to 1D array, without copying the values. Typically using this method is unnecessary and you can use the implicit conversion defined for this type instead.
Declaration
public T[] ToArray()
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| T[] | The underlying ArrayView data as a 1D array. |
ToString()
Returns a string representation of the grid values.
Declaration
public override string ToString()
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| String | A string representation of the grid values. |
Overrides
| Improve this Doc View SourceToString(Func<T, String>)
Returns a string representation of the grid values, using elementStringifier
to determine what string represents each value.
Declaration
public string ToString(Func<T, string> elementStringifier)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Func<T, String> | elementStringifier | Function determining the string representation of each value. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| String | A string representation of the grid values. |
ToString(Int32, Func<T, String>)
Returns a string representation of the grid values using the given parameters.
Declaration
public string ToString(int fieldSize, Func<T, string> elementStringifier = null)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Int32 | fieldSize | The size of the field to give each value. A positive-number right-aligns the text within the field, while a negative number left-aligns the text. |
| Func<T, String> | elementStringifier | Function to use to convert each value to a string. null defaults to the ToString function of type T. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| String | A string representation of the grid values. |
Remarks
Each element will have spaces added to cause it to take up exactly
fieldSize
characters, provided fieldSize
is less than the length of the value's string representation.
Operators
| Improve this Doc View SourceImplicit(ArrayView<T> to T[])
Allows implicit conversion to 1D array. Does not copy the underlying values.
Declaration
public static implicit operator T[](ArrayView<T> arrayView)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ArrayView<T> | arrayView | ArrayView to convert. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| T[] |


| DOSE: T+ 0:00 |
7.0 g |
oral |
Syrian Rue |
(seeds) |
| T+ 0:25 |
3.5 g |
oral |
Mushrooms |
(plant material) |
| T+ 3:45 |
1.5 mg |
smoked |
5-MeO-DMT |
(powder / crystals) |
I write this not to recount the subjective details of the experience but to serve as a warning to those interested in the MAOI + 5-meo-dmt combo. Here is a quick recount of the trip in general. This was done alone, inside.
T+0:00 - Dosed 7 grams syrian rue water to resin extract.
T+0:25 - Dosed 3.5 grams psilocybe mushrooms
0:25
T~+3:00 - The trip has calmed down a bit and I am in the familiar maoi/mushroom trance. I smoke a cig and play a game of tetris.
T~+3:45 - I decide to try a very very small dose of 5-meo-dmt that I packed previous to the trip. A couple grains (~1 or 2mg). Using a foil and straw, I vaporise the small amount of chemical. I miss much of the smoke, and only get a very small taste of the 5-meo (I'm not expecting any noticible effect).
T~3:46 - The rush is slow to start. I feel it coming. It gains on me quicker. This is not very comfortable (I can't believe such a small amount is doing this) but I don't feel in serious trouble.
T~3:47 - The sensation is radiating through my body and I feel very zen'ed out. Breathing is becoming more and more labored though. I am starting to feel a little woozy.
(approx 5 min of struggling with woozyness and catching breath)
T~3:52 - I can't recall really but I remember feeling like the drug had ran its course at one point shortly after I started feeling sick. I held down the nausea, and tried to catch my breath again. The sensation came back though, stronger. I had to vomit. I got up and went to the sink (not too much trouble moving). I tried to vomit. No luck. Tried again. No luck. The sensation grew stronger.
T~?:?? - I wake up (or come back... or something). I'm on the floor which is very cold lying in a contorted fetal position. I feel very glad to be alive, and hope that I didn't hurt myself if I fell (I could have layed down... I couldn't remember.) I'm not exactly sure where I am and then I begin feeling the sickness again. I vomit on the floor, twice. Then I feel perfectly fine. I get up and go to bed. Still feeling sorta good from the maoi/mushrooms.
It was a scary experience. Not something I want to try again. However, waking up in the floor as I did was a wonderful feeling of rebirth, which is very much what 5-meo-dmt is about. Maybe some people would like this combo or can tolerate it better, but be prepared for the worst.
Admenuem
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


This page lets you tell the system that certain CHUGIM should not be assigned to the same camper in the same BLOCK_TERM as certain other CHUGIM. To disallow a CHUG combination, find the first CHUG on the left side, and match it to the column headed by the second CHUG.
For example, to prevent the system from assigning both Cooking and Outdoor Cooking, find the row with "Cooking" on the left, then locate the column with "Outdoor Cooking" at the top, and click the checkbox at the intersection of that row/column.
When you are done, click "Save Changes" at the bottom of the matrix.


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TrainingJob()
Represents an asynchronous training operation.
As different Trainer implementations will have different requirements, it is up to the implementor to define how the job should handle various requests.
TProgram
- The type of program being evolved.
TOutput
- The type of the program output(s).
TMessage
- The type of messages sent by the Trainer.


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Class ZooKeeperAccess
- java.lang.Object
-
- com.ai_blockchain.kafka_bc.ZooKeeperAccess
-
public class ZooKeeperAccess extends java.lang.Object
When adding SSL security, refer to https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/ZOOKEEPER/ZooKeeper+SSL+User+Guide .- Author:
- reed
-
-
Field Summary
Fields Modifier and Type Field Description static int
DEFAULT_PORT
static java.lang.String
ZK_KAFKA_BROKER_HOSTS
static java.lang.String
ZOOKEEPER_CONNECT_STRING
-
Constructor Summary
Constructors Constructor Description ZooKeeperAccess()
Constructs a new ZooKeeperAccess instance.
-
Method Summary
All Methods Instance Methods Concrete Methods Modifier and Type Method Description void
close()
Disconnect from the ZooKeeper cluster.void
connect()
Connect to the default ZooKeeper instances located at host "zookeeper:2181".void
connect(java.lang.String connectString)
Connect to the ZooKeeper instances identified by entries in the given connection string.java.lang.String
create(java.lang.String path, byte[] data, java.util.List<org.apache.zookeeper.data.ACL> acl, org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode createMode)
Create a node with the given path.void
delete(java.lang.String path, int version)
Delete the node with the given path.void
deleteRecursive(java.lang.String pathRoot)
Recursively delete the node with the given path.boolean
exists(java.lang.String path)
Returns whether the given path exists.org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat
exists(java.lang.String path, boolean watch)
Return the stat of the node of the given path.java.util.List<java.lang.String>
getChildren(java.lang.String path, boolean watch)
Return the list of the children of the node of the given path.byte[]
getData(java.lang.String path, boolean watch, org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat stat)
Return the data and the stat of the node of the given path.java.lang.String
getDataString(java.lang.String path)
Gets the string data found at the given path".java.lang.String
getKafkaBrokerSeedHostsString()
Gets the Kafka broker seed hosts string, of the form "host1:port1, host2:port2, ...".org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat
setData(java.lang.String path, byte[] data, int version)
Set the data for the node of the given path if such a node exists and the given version matches the version of the node (if the given version is -1, it matches any node's versions).void
setDataString(java.lang.String path, java.lang.String dataString)
Sets the string data at the given path, creating the path if needed.void
setKafkaBrokerSeedHostsString(java.lang.String kafkaBrokerSeedHostsString)
Sets the Kafka broker seed hosts string.java.lang.String
toString()
Returns a string representation of this object.
-
-
-
Field Detail
-
ZK_KAFKA_BROKER_HOSTS
public static final java.lang.String ZK_KAFKA_BROKER_HOSTS
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
-
DEFAULT_PORT
public static final int DEFAULT_PORT
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
-
ZOOKEEPER_CONNECT_STRING
public static final java.lang.String ZOOKEEPER_CONNECT_STRING
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
-
-
Method Detail
-
connect
public void connect()
Connect to the default ZooKeeper instances located at host "zookeeper:2181".
-
connect
public void connect(java.lang.String connectString)
Connect to the ZooKeeper instances identified by entries in the given connection string. Each entry corresponds to a zk server. e.g. "<IP_ADDRESS>:3000,<IP_ADDRESS>:3001,<IP_ADDRESS>:3002" If the optional chroot suffix is used the example would look like: "<IP_ADDRESS>:3000,<IP_ADDRESS>:3001,<IP_ADDRESS>:3002/app/a" where the client would be rooted at "/app/a" and all paths would be relative to this root - ie getting/setting/etc... "/foo/bar" would result in operations being run on "/app/a/foo/bar" (from the server perspective).- Parameters:
connectString
- a comma separated list of host:port pairs
-
create
public java.lang.String create(java.lang.String path, byte[] data, java.util.List<org.apache.zookeeper.data.ACL> acl, org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode createMode)
Create a node with the given path. The node data will be the given data, and node acl will be the given acl.The flags argument specifies whether the created node will be ephemeral or not.
An ephemeral node will be removed by the ZooKeeper automatically when the session associated with the creation of the node expires.
The flags argument can also specify to create a sequential node. The actual path name of a sequential node will be the given path plus a suffix "i" where i is the current sequential number of the node. The sequence number is always fixed length of 10 digits, 0 padded. Once such a node is created, the sequential number will be incremented by one.
If a node with the same actual path already exists in the ZooKeeper, a KeeperException with error code KeeperException.NodeExists will be thrown. Note that since a different actual path is used for each invocation of creating sequential node with the same path argument, the call will never throw "file exists" KeeperException.
If the parent node does not exist in the ZooKeeper, a KeeperException with error code KeeperException.NoNode will be thrown.
An ephemeral node cannot have children. If the parent node of the given path is ephemeral, a KeeperException with error code KeeperException.NoChildrenForEphemerals will be thrown.
This operation, if successful, will trigger all the watches left on the node of the given path by exists and getData API calls, and the watches left on the parent node by getChildren API calls.
If a node is created successfully, the ZooKeeper server will trigger the watches on the path left by exists calls, and the watches on the parent of the node by getChildren calls.
The maximum allowable size of the data array is 1 MB (1,048,576 bytes). Arrays larger than this will cause a KeeperExecption to be thrown.
- Parameters:
path
- the path for the nodedata
- the initial data for the nodeacl
- the acl for the nodecreateMode
- specifying whether the node to be created is ephemeral and/or sequential- Returns:
- the actual path of the created node
-
exists
public boolean exists(java.lang.String path)
Returns whether the given path exists.- Parameters:
path
- the given path, such as /aiblockchain/webserverHostContainer- Returns:
- whether the given path exists
-
exists
public org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat exists(java.lang.String path, boolean watch)
Return the stat of the node of the given path. Return null if no such a node exists.If the watch is true and the call is successful (no exception is thrown), a watch will be left on the node with the given path. The watch will be triggered by a successful operation that creates/delete the node or sets the data on the node.
- Parameters:
path
- the node pathwatch
- whether need to watch this node- Returns:
- the stat of the node of the given path; return null if no such a node exists.
-
setData
public org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat setData(java.lang.String path, byte[] data, int version)
Set the data for the node of the given path if such a node exists and the given version matches the version of the node (if the given version is -1, it matches any node's versions). Return the stat of the node.This operation, if successful, will trigger all the watches on the node of the given path left by getData calls.
A KeeperException with error code KeeperException.NoNode will be thrown if no node with the given path exists.
A KeeperException with error code KeeperException.BadVersion will be thrown if the given version does not match the node's version.
The maximum allowable size of the data array is 1 MB (1,048,576 bytes). Arrays larger than this will cause a KeeperException to be thrown.
- Parameters:
path
- the path of the nodedata
- the data to setversion
- the expected matching version- Returns:
- the state of the node
-
getData
public byte[] getData(java.lang.String path, boolean watch, org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat stat)
Return the data and the stat of the node of the given path.If the watch is true and the call is successful (no exception is thrown), a watch will be left on the node with the given path. The watch will be triggered by a successful operation that sets data on the node, or deletes the node.
A KeeperException with error code KeeperException.NoNode will be thrown if no node with the given path exists.
- Parameters:
path
- the given pathwatch
- whether need to watch this nodestat
- the stat of the node to update- Returns:
- the data of the node
-
getChildren
public java.util.List<java.lang.String> getChildren(java.lang.String path, boolean watch)
Return the list of the children of the node of the given path.If the watch is true and the call is successful (no exception is thrown), a watch will be left on the node with the given path. The watch will be triggered by a successful operation that deletes the node of the given path or creates/delete a child under the node.
The list of children returned is not sorted and no guarantee is provided as to its natural or lexical order.
A KeeperException with error code KeeperException.NoNode will be thrown if no node with the given path exists.
- Parameters:
path
- the pathwatch
- the indicator to set a watch- Returns:
- an unordered array of children of the node with the given path
-
delete
public void delete(java.lang.String path, int version)
Delete the node with the given path. The call will succeed if such a node exists, and the given version matches the node's version (if the given version is -1, it matches any node's versions).A KeeperException with error code KeeperException.NoNode will be thrown if the nodes does not exist.
A KeeperException with error code KeeperException.BadVersion will be thrown if the given version does not match the node's version.
A KeeperException with error code KeeperException.NotEmpty will be thrown if the node has children.
This operation, if successful, will trigger all the watches on the node of the given path left by exists API calls, and the watches on the parent node left by getChildren API calls.
- Parameters:
path
- the path of the node to be deleted.version
- the expected node version.
-
deleteRecursive
public void deleteRecursive(java.lang.String pathRoot)
Recursively delete the node with the given path.Important: All versions, of all nodes, under the given node are deleted.
If there is an error with deleting one of the sub-nodes in the tree, this operation would abort and would be the responsibility of the app to handle the same.
- Parameters:
pathRoot
- the path of the root node of the tree to be deleted
-
getKafkaBrokerSeedHostsString
public java.lang.String getKafkaBrokerSeedHostsString()
Gets the Kafka broker seed hosts string, of the form "host1:port1, host2:port2, ...".- Returns:
- the Kafka broker seed hosts string, or null if not found
-
setKafkaBrokerSeedHostsString
public void setKafkaBrokerSeedHostsString(java.lang.String kafkaBrokerSeedHostsString)
Sets the Kafka broker seed hosts string.- Parameters:
kafkaBrokerSeedHostsString
- the Kafka broker seed hosts string
-
getDataString
public java.lang.String getDataString(java.lang.String path)
Gets the string data found at the given path".- Parameters:
path
- the ZooKeeper path, such as /aiblockchain/webserverHostContainer- Returns:
- the string data
-
setDataString
public void setDataString(java.lang.String path, java.lang.String dataString)
Sets the string data at the given path, creating the path if needed.- Parameters:
path
- the ZooKeeper path, such as /aiblockchain/webserverHostContainerdataString
- the Kafka broker seed hosts string
-
toString
public java.lang.String toString()
Returns a string representation of this object.- Overrides:
toString
in classjava.lang.Object
- Returns:
- a string representation of this object
-
close
public void close()
Disconnect from the ZooKeeper cluster.
-
-


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Giới thiệu
MSM is a bioavailable sulfur.
Sulfur is a necessity.
Component that works in conjunction with Glucosamine to provide the building blocks of collagen.
An important component of healthy joints and connective tissue.
Mô tả
Glucosamine is needed for healthy structure and function of joints for optimum mobility.
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The purpose of this project was to analyze how weather changes as you get closer to the equator. To accomplish this analysis, we first pulled data from the Open Weather Map API to assemblt a dataset on over 500 cities.
After assembling the dataset, we used Matplotlib to plot various aspects of the weather vs latitude. Factors we looked at inclided" temperature, cloudiness, wind speed and humidity. This site provides the source data and visalizations created as part of the analysis, as well as explanations and descriptions of any trends and correlations witnessed.


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I always forget many things about basic statistics, but I find I’m more likely to remember them if I write about them. Hence, this blog post. It’s written to help me remember something I keep forgetting, but you can read it too.
Like many of you, I have a near useless weather application on my phone. It tells me one of two things.
First, what is the weather now? If I’m deep in the bowels of a client’s building in Stockholm or Glasgow, yes, I might want to know the weather now because I don’t know the local climate and glancing at my phone and seeing there’s a blizzard raging is useful.
But my consulting work is usually from home, so I can glance out the window.
The second thing my weather application tells me is the likelihood of rain at 3AM tomorrow morning. Unless I’m planning on being out and about at that time, I don’t care. But my phone assumes I do and I might see something like this:
| ... | 3AM | 4AM | 5AM | 6AM | 7AM | ... |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ... | 13% | 13% | 18% | 22% | 8% | ... |
But what I want to know is whether or not I should send my daughter to school with an umbrella. Thus, I want to know how likely it is that that it will at at all tomorrow. So from the snippet above, is it likely that it’s going to rain between 3 to 7AM? I have no idea.
So how do I calculate that? Well, I am assuming that those percentages are for what are called “independent” events. What’s an independent event? Well, let’s say I want to know the odds of my dying tomorrow. You might assume that I want there to be no chance that I’ll die tomorrow, but that’s not true! I very much want there to be a chance of dying tomorrow because the only way there’s no chance that I’ll die tomorrow is if I’m already dead!
Thus, the odds of my dying tomorrow are dependent on whether or not I’ve survived until tomorrow.
But statisticians are boring and usually don’t use such colorful examples. Instead, they’ll ask a question like “what are the odds of flipping a fair coin twice and getting heads both times?” You simply mulitply the chance of getting heads by the number of times you flip the coin. You can quickly determine that the odds of getting heads twice in a row is 25%. These are also independent events, but they’re not rain.
If we assume that the percentage chances listed for each of those hours don’t take into account whether or not it’s already rained, we have independent event. So, what if, for each of the 24 hours in a day, the odds of rain are 95%? We can safely assume that it will probaby rain at least once tomorrow.
But what if the odds are only 10% for each of the 24 hours? That’s harder to know.
As it turns out, statisticians know very well how to calculate this and they use something called a binomial distribution , but it’s not useful here because ...
If $p$ is the chance of success of an event, then the chance that we have exactly $k$ successes over $n$ independent trials is:
$$P(X = k) = \frac{n!}{k!(n-k)!} \cdot p^k \cdot (1-p)^{n-k}$$
where $X$ is the number of times the event happened.
But that doesn’t actually help because we don’t want to know the odds of it raining once and only once. We want to know if it happens at least once. And that, it turns out, is easy. The odds of an event happening at least once is 100% minus the odds that it never happened.
The odds of something never happening are the chance of it not happening each hour, multiplied by the other chances of it not happening.
If there’s a 10% chance of rain at 2PM, there’s a 90% chance of no rain. That’s pretty clear, right? But if there’s a 10% chance of rain at 2PM and a 15% chance of rain at 3PM, what are the odds of no rain between 2 and 3PM?
$$(1-.1)\cdot(1-.15)$$
That works out to roughly 77% chance of it not raining. That means there’s a 23% chance it raining between those two hours, even though the highest chance of rain it 15% at 3PM! Thus, even low percentages quickly add up.
Assuming that every hour has a 10% chance of rain, the chance of it never raining is $(1-.1)^{24}$ (90% multiplied by itself 24 times), or roughly .08, or 8%. Thus, the chance of it raining at least once tomorrow would be 92%.
Even though each hour only has a 10% chance of rain, I still need to send my daughter to school with an umbrella.


Registration Dates:
Registration starts on: Saturday, 1 of July 2017.
Deadline: Sunday, 20 August 2017.
List of Documents required for registration IAAU
1. Original High School Diploma of Graduation (including high school transcript).
2. Original “ORT” certificate. 3. Copy of ID Card.
4. Copy of Military Registration Certificate (boys only)
5. ID Photos: size 3x4 – (4 pieces).
6. Initial Payment of 30% from total Tuition Fee.
Registration Offices:
1. International Ataturk Alatoo University (A-Block)
Address: Ankara (M. Gorkiy Street) 1/8, mkr. “Tunguch”, Bishkek city, Kyrgyzstan
Telephone: +996 312 63 14 25, +996 312 63 14 26
Fax: +996 312 63 04 09


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block body %}
Check out the most popular movies and genres, or browse the collection.


Town Game Simulator
This web app was created by Micah Hoover.
The NodeJS source code for this web app is located here.
You can access JSON details from the API by hitting this endpoint using GET: /api/runGameVerbose


"Oh, that I've tried," the scribe replied, "The editing's too fast, The songs? humdrum; The chatter dumb, I Pick 'Pandaemonium.'
"I hope that doesn't make you cross," The critic then proffered, "Dumb pictures are my albatross, That awful, curs'd bird."
"Enlighten me," said I to he, "Tell me 'bout Coleridge," He said (with mirth); "I'll add Wordsworth, Then ambled to the fridge
He took a beer, then said with cheer, "Get ready to be awed," Projector on, he sauntered on, We saw what he adored.
The film, I'll say, is USA's, A major studio, And now they choose, to spread the news, In entertaining ways.
The audience sees that Julien T's Creation is a gem, 'bout friendship, some; and laudanum, And creativity.
The regisseur, creates a stir, By sharing resonance, Two eras wide, sit side by side, Our own and, too, Romance.
With lacy pace, the yarn takes place In England's Somerset, A chaotic time, in British clime, Two poets face to face.
While Frenchmen fight, two Brits cast light On their alluring world, A vision true of Xanadu, A mariner's tale unfurled.
Imagination has no ration In this poetic story, Jump cuts and fluid rhythms both Enhance the picture's glory.
And so in short, this movie's sort Of entertainment's fine, Competes with Merchant-Ivory's line Of gorgeous scenes of court.
Linus Roache could be a coach Of any Oxford's don, John Lynch's cam portrays this Sam (When drugged he was far gone.)
So reader dear, sit up and cheer, You've got to see this movie, There's quite enough for any buff, "Pandaemonium" is groovy.
Groovy? A period piece about poets who are allegedly not even studied in colleges that have dispensed with dead white males? Yep. Remember that this picture was made by Julien Temple, whose claims to fame include "The Great Rock and Roll Swindle," a 1980 take on Sid Vicious, a cynical doc about the groundbreaking punk-rock band Johnny Rotten and the Sex Pistols. Among the high points of that charmer is an education in marketing: specifically, how Malcolm McLaren put the group over on the public. This time, Mr. Temple did what he could to shuck the traditional Merchant-Ivory mold of gauze-informed comeliness to show that Samuel Taylor Coleridge and William Wordsworth are not dead white males at all but rather are our contemporaries.  Think of Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis among a host of others who start out with stars in their eyes and end up with back-stabbing perfidy.
When we learned about the English Romantic poets we were taught nothing about their lives. While some say that what writers create should speak for itself, "Pandaemonium" shows how much their lines would be enriched if only we knew what the human beings behind their invention were like. You'd discover that they were not so different from us.
Take Coleridge, for example. As portrayed with wide-eyed ferocity and bemusement by a vibrant Linus Roach, he is both a warning against drug addiction and an plug for its use. How so? When Coleridge took a spot of laudanum, or opium, with water--a drug which was apparently legal in the England of the early 1800s--he saw visions, hallucinations not unlike those experienced by users of LSD. In one nightmarish revelation he spotted a ship returning from a tragic voyage, all its sailors dead of thirst from their inability to reach shore, since their vessel was "as idle as a painted ship upon a painted ocean," and realized that the misadventure occurred when one of its mariners shot an albatross. Since the albatross was a bird of good will, the death of this creature was an attack against nature. Nature fought back and won, compelling the killer to tell his tale to people he met-- obsessively, compellingly. (In a dramatic flash-forward to the present, Temple shows us a quick vision of a seagull, maybe even an albatross, sinking into the muck--a victim of humankind's current rape of nature: Dubya, are you listening?) In yet another drug-soaked dream, Coleridge conjures up Kubla Khan, an emperor from the mystical land of Xanadu, who not only does a stately pleasure dome decree but who makes Coleridge a famous man indeed. Could Sam have done this without the dope? I don't think so. On the other hand, the opium does its best to destroy him.
This tale of friendship, loyalty, betrayal and creativity focuses most intensely on the relationship between a half-crazed Coleridge--who could almost be a being created by the vivid imagination of Ken Russell--and the shy, reticent William Wordsworth with whom he collaborates intending to publish an anonymous book of poetry which eventually gets published as "Lyrical Ballads." Both poets are enraptured by nature, by the sights of England's Somerset which surround them. Wordsworth would eventually put his feelings onto paper with lines such as "The sounding cataract/Haunted me like a passion: the tall rock/The mountain, and the deep and gloomy wood,/Their colors and their forms, were then to me/An appetite." Yet this man, who could in the same "Tintern Abbey" write in 1798 "That best portion of a good man's life/His little, nameless, unremembered acts/Of kindness and of love," would deceive his naive partner. Wordsworth comes across more like a modern-day capitalist than the communistic idealist who, in the aftermath of the French Revolution, was all for creating a utopia with goats and cows and sheep held in common by the citizenry.
Temple photographs events surrounding this unusual relationship, an affiliation in which Wordsworth's sister Dorothy (Emily Woof), a would-be feminist for her time, makes a big play for Coleridge--notwithstanding's the latter's marriage to Sara (Samantha Morton) and their young child Hartley.
The principal defect in the film is its jaggedness. We get the occasional feeling that we're watching a series of trailers for the movie, but then this is Temple's modus operandi from his "The Great Rock and Roll Swindle" to his most recent "The Filth and the Fury." That cavil aside, Temple portrays the world at the turn of the century as in many ways like today's world in the technological and political changes illustrated by experiments with balloons, electricity and in the case of France with the toppling of the monarchy. In an almost Dogme 95 fashion, he captures the indoor scenes with only the candlelight used by the characters, but when he steps outside, we see the pristine glory of Somerset's hills, whose beauty belies the dirty politics engaged by Wordsworth against his friend and colleague.
Samantha Morton does not have all that much to do as Coleridge's wife and though the villain is supposed to get the best lines, the movie is dominated by Linus Roache's intensity. Emily Woof gets the dominant woman's part in what could be, I suppose, considered villainous, as a Judith-Nathan style family breaker. An bizarre epilogue takes us to the year 2001, an urban center portrayed with a modern, pop soundtrack in contrast to the classical themes throughout the film--yet a final reminder that the more things change, the more they remain the same.
Rated PG-13. Running time: 123 minutes. (C) 2001 by Harvey Karten<EMAIL_ADDRESS>The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


List of tracks :
Name
purpose
delete
{% if track_list %} {% for chattrack in track_list %}
{{chattrack.name}}
{{chattrack.purpose}}
delete
{% endfor %} {% endif %}


Multiplayer
===========Admin Term's & Condition's=============
There are some rule n regualtion's & Some Term's n Condition's
in order to become an admin.We would like you to read the Following below!
1. In order to become an admin you will have to apply on our WebSite
2. Admin levels are not easy to get,but per level there are different amount on them
3. Admin levels starts from level 5 to 9 each with their unique commands
4. Every admin level have different rates
5. If you wish to become an admin you will have to pay per month for re-newel of adminship
6. Registeration fees will be $100 for foreigns & For local it will cost 2000rs
7. To get to know about Admin level charges please proceed with adminfee (Section-Below)
===========Admin Fees & renewal=============
To become an admin please contact the owner's of server privately
or meet them at TDCS Official Facebook-Page https://www.facebook.com/TDCVSMP/
1. Price for Admin level 5 is $10/month & local 1000rs/month
2. Price for Admin level 6 is $20/month & local 2000rs/month
3. Price for Admin level 7 is $30/month & local 3000rs/month
4. Price for Admin level 8 is $40/month & local 4000rs/month
5. Price for Admin level 9 is $50/month & local 5000rs/month
In order to get Admin level,You can provide your payment method easily with (western union)for foreigns
& for Local (easypaisa).Meet you in the server then!


Dear Illy and Jacob! Use the keyboard for another page. I am happy to hear you are well :-) Today, I ate ... more quiche ! Is Jacbo still playing angry birds ? Are the furblings ever out and about? I've seen no photos... Is there any news of the kittens? How do you like the trampoline? Will you write me a letter? Lots of love from Charlie THE END


Generates a small-world random graph.
rgraph_ws(n, k, p, both.ends = FALSE, self = FALSE, multiple = FALSE, undirected = FALSE)
| n | Integer scalar. Set the size of the graph. |
|---|---|
| k | Integer scalar. Set the initial degree of the ring (must be less than \(n\)). |
| p | Numeric scalar/vector of length \(T\). Set the probability of changing an edge. |
| both.ends | Logical scalar. When |
| self | Logical scalar. When |
| multiple | Logical scalar. When |
| undirected | Logical scalar. Passed to |
A random graph of size \(n\times n\) following the small-world
model. The resulting graph will have attr(graph, "undirected")=FALSE
.
Implemented as in Watts and Strogatz (1998). Starts from an undirected ring with \(n\) vertices all with degree \(k\) (so it must be an even number), and then rewire each edge by setting the endpoint (so now you treat it as a digraph) randomly any vertex in \(N \setminus {i}\) avoiding multiple links (by default) using the rewiring algorithm described on the paper.
Watts, D. J., & Strogatz, S. H. (1998). Collective dynamics of "small-world" networks. Nature, 393(6684), 440–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/30918
Newman, M. E. J. (2003). The Structure and Function of Complex Networks. SIAM Review, 45(2), 167–256. http://doi.org/10.1137/S003614450342480
Other simulation functions: permute_graph
,
rdiffnet
, rewire_graph
,
rgraph_ba
, rgraph_er
,
ring_lattice
library(igraph) set.seed(7123) x0 <- graph_from_adjacency_matrix(rgraph_ws(10,2, 0)) x1 <- graph_from_adjacency_matrix(rgraph_ws(10,2, .3)) x2 <- graph_from_adjacency_matrix(rgraph_ws(10,2, 1)) oldpar <- par(no.readonly=TRUE) par(mfrow=c(1,3)) plot(x0, layout=layout_in_circle, edge.curved=TRUE, main="Regular") plot(x1, layout=layout_in_circle, edge.curved=TRUE, main="Small-world") plot(x2, layout=layout_in_circle, edge.curved=TRUE, main="Random")par(oldpar)


I first started experimenting with computers in 1979 with my friends and I was instantly hooked! I've been having fun working with computers since then, and I still can't believe I get paid to do what I love! Currently I'm a Site Reliability Engineer on the SRE team at Rackspace, where I work on Openshift, Artifactory, and VMware, and help to automate things.
Installed and administered Openshift/OKD container platform to enable high speed software delivery for internal applications. Installed, configured, and automated JFrog Artifactory platform to provide a centralized binary artifact repository eco-system. Maintained PCI compliance.
Database administrator for all internal PostgreSQL database platforms backing mission-critical enterprise systems. Architected highly available, performant, replicated, and recoverable databases to ensure minimal application downtime and high throughput. Developed automations to reduce DBA workload and implemented Zabbix monitoring for PostgreSQL databases.
Led a team of 9 DBAs on Windows, Unix, and z/OS platforms. Responsible for licensing, resource management, project deliverables, capital budgets, and employee coaching.
Supported and administered Oracle, DB2, and IMS databases.
I also host weekly "Tech Talk Tuesday" meetings on Zoom where anyone can give a presentation on their favorite technology and I am also a member of the departmental "Tech Counc il" where we try to solve cross-functional technical problems that require expertise and assistance across teams.
Apart from being a Site Reliability Engineer, I enjoy spending time outdoors working in my yard, mountain biking, and kayaking.
When the heat forces me indoors, I enjoy watching movies with my family and spending free time exploring the latest technology advancements.
I'm not interested in contract opportunities nor relocating. I love South Texas and have no desire to leave. However, if you have a full-time remote opportunity or an opportunity close to San Antonio, Tx, then feel free to contact me!


Next: Removed Operators, Previous: Requirements for removed and deprecated features, Up: Removed Language Features
The type string-char was removed.


Projects
See also my GitHub profile
⚒ This page does not list all my projects, check out my Github profile for a more complete list.
💼 Company
Friendly Captcha
Human-friendly anti-bot protection for websitesFriendly Captcha is a cybersecurity company I co-founded that protects websites from spam and abuse, without giving up the user's privacy or making them click cars and fire hydrants.
⚙ Friendly Captcha GmbH | website
💻 Applications and Libraries
Tygo
Convert Go structs to TS types (without reflection)Tygo is a tool for generating Typescript typings from Golang source files that just works.
It preserves comments, understands constants and also supports non-struct type expressions. It's perfect for generating equivalent types for a Golang REST API to be used in your front-end codebase.
⚙ Go, Go compiler | Github Repository
Magic Login
E-mail verification and passwordless login SaaSMagic Login is a transactional e-mail service with a simple API that has built-in support for authentication through e-mail.
This project received an undeserved cease-and-desist and I shut it down. I had better things to focus on..
⚙ Typescript, Cloudflare Workers, AWS, lit-html | website | documentation
Starboard
In-browser literal notebooksJupyter Notebooks for the web.
⚙ Typescript, Go, Postgres, lit-html, Github Actions | website | open source
Sunder
A minimalist, unopinionated framework for Cloudflare WorkersA web framework for ServiceWorker environments, similar to Koa.
⚙ Typescript, Cloudflare Workers, Jest | website | documentation
Friendly Captcha
Proof of work based CAPTCHAs that are accessible, user and privacy friendlyA proof of work based alternative to ReCAPTCHA/hCAPTCHA that has a better tradeoff for users. Now incorporated as a German company (GmbH).
⚙ Assemblyscript (WebAssembly), Typescript, Cloudflare Workers, Go, Clickhouse, Github Actions | website
Zarr.js
Zarr that runs in the browser, Node and Deno.Zarr is a python library for chunked large multi-dimensional datasets. This library is a library that allows one to interact with these large datasets in the browser.
This was a particulary large undertaking because the browser (javascript) does not ship with any good support for multidimensional arrays or utilities like slicing, that all had to be implemented from scratch.
⚙ Typescript, Github Actions | github repository | documentation homepage
nn-transfer
Neural Network weight transfer - Pytorch <> KerasUtilities for converting PyTorch models to Keras and the other way around. More specifically, it allows you to copy the weights from a PyTorch model to an identical model in Keras and vice-versa.
I created this tool out of my own need, and since open sourcing it it has been starred
over a hundred times on GitHub.
It is unique in the way it works from other tools, as it does not infer the model
structure itself. That is where every other tool has the most difficulty (and often
fails). In this tool instead you define the same model architecture yourself.
⚙ Pytorch, Keras, travic-ci | project page | example usage
🏆 Hackathons
LI Hackathon (September 2017)
Legal Search Innovation Hackathon - Winning team - €5000 prizeArmed with access to a large corpus of hundreds of thousands of legal documents, the Legal Intelligence API, and the goal to innovate in search of legal documents we created Leegle (Legal Google).
Leegle is an in-browser graph based legal document explorer, where documents are linked by common court cases and law references. The tool seamlessly integrated with the existing Legal Intelligence search engine using a simple Chrome browser plugin.
⚙ Vue.js, vis.js, Flask, Neo4j, Solr, Pandas | Project page | Hackathon homepage (Dutch)
AIVD Hackathon (March 2017)
Dutch Intelligence Service Hackathon - 2nd placeThe objective of this 24 hour hackathon was to create anything that could be of value to the Dutch intelligence service. With this vague problem statement, we talked to various stakeholders, and identified that a big part of preventing extremism is identifying those that may develop extremist views.
We created TerrorFlow, a tool for automatically detecting individuals that are at risk of turning to extremism. This was done by identifying various objects in images and videos (e.g. burning flags, AK-47s) posted publicly on Instagram and Youtube, the results of which could be viewed in an in-browser tool.
⚙ Keras, Vue.js, Flask, Ansible, AWS EC2 | Project page | Video
🏅 Kaggle Competitions
National Data Science Bowl 2017
Kaggle Machine Learning competition - Top Kernel Winner - $5000 prizeWrote the most popular Kaggle kernel in the biggest yearly machine learning competi- tion. This kernel described how to preprocess and segment lungs in CT images. To this day it is still the most upvoted kernel of any Kaggle competition with prize money.
⚙ NumPy, DICOM.js, scipy, matplotlib, pandas | Kernel link | Competition homepage
Ultrasound Nerve Segmentation (August 2016)
Kaggle Machine Learning competition - 9th place (top 1%)Tackled the problem of identifying nerve structures in ultrasound images using a hybrid approach using classical computer vision features (SIFT) and an adapted version of the fully convolutional network Unet architecture.
⚙ NumPy, Theano, Lasagne | Competition homepage
Diabetic Retinopathy Detection (July 2016)
Kaggle Machine Learning competition - 11th place (top 2%)Applied a convolutional neural network approach to automatically diagnose diabetic retinopathy, which is the leading cause of blindness in the US, from retina pictures. Trained on GPUs on a large cluster, achieving better than human expert performance.
⚙ NumPy, Theano, Lasagne | Project homepage | Competition homepage
National Data Science Bowl 2016
Kaggle Machine Learning competition - 68th place (top 7%)Developed a deep learning method for automatically classifying plankton from low res- olution black and white images. Also helped develop a method for unsupervised feature extraction based on kNN clusters of image patches, which performed worse.
⚙ NumPy, Theano, Lasagne, Scikit-learn, nolearn | Project homepage | Competition homepage


Range
Colour some squares black, so as to meet the following conditions:
-
No two black squares are orthogonally adjacent.
-
No group of white squares is separated from the rest of the grid by
black squares.
-
Each numbered cell can see precisely that many white squares in
total by looking in all four orthogonal directions, counting itself.
(Black squares block the view. So, for example, a 2 clue must be
adjacent to three black squares or grid edges, and in the fourth
direction there must be one white square and then a black one beyond
it.)
Left-click to colour a square black. Right-click to mark a square
with a dot, if you know it should not be black.


- initialize(Context, String, String, ZoomSDKInitializeListener) - Method in class us.zoom.sdk.ZoomSDK
-
Initialize ZoomSDK
Zoom SDK will retry to call verifyApp automatically if failed because of network issue.
- initialize(Context, String, String, boolean, ZoomSDKInitializeListener) - Method in class us.zoom.sdk.ZoomSDK
-
Initialize ZoomSDK
- initialize(Context, String, String, String, ZoomSDKInitializeListener) - Method in class us.zoom.sdk.ZoomSDK
-
Initialize ZoomSDK
Zoom SDK will retry to call verifyApp automatically if failed because of network issue
- initialize(Context, String, String, String, boolean, ZoomSDKInitializeListener) - Method in class us.zoom.sdk.ZoomSDK
-
Initialize ZoomSDK
- InstantMeetingOptions - Class in us.zoom.sdk
-
MeetingOptions for starting a instant meeting
- InstantMeetingOptions() - Constructor for class us.zoom.sdk.InstantMeetingOptions
-
- INVITE_COPY_URL - Static variable in class us.zoom.sdk.InviteOptions
-
- INVITE_DISABLE_ALL - Static variable in class us.zoom.sdk.InviteOptions
-
- INVITE_ENABLE_ALL - Static variable in class us.zoom.sdk.InviteOptions
-
- invite_options - Variable in class us.zoom.sdk.MeetingOptions
-
- INVITE_VIA_EMAIL - Static variable in class us.zoom.sdk.InviteOptions
-
- INVITE_VIA_SMS - Static variable in class us.zoom.sdk.InviteOptions
-
- InviteOptions - Class in us.zoom.sdk
-
Options for enabling or disabling item in invitation list
- InviteOptions() - Constructor for class us.zoom.sdk.InviteOptions
-
- isAlwaysShowMeetingToolbarEnabled() - Method in interface us.zoom.sdk.MeetingSettingsHelper
-
Check if "always show meeting toolbar" option is enabled
- isAttendeeVideoOff() - Method in class us.zoom.sdk.MeetingItem
-
- isAudioConnected() - Method in class us.zoom.sdk.MeetingActivity
-
Check if audio is connected
- isAudioMuted() - Method in class us.zoom.sdk.MeetingActivity
-
Check if microphone is muted
- isCMREnabled() - Method in class us.zoom.sdk.MeetingActivity
-
For check whether cloud record is enabled
- isCMRInProgress() - Method in class us.zoom.sdk.MeetingActivity
-
For check whether cloud record is in progress
- isCurrentMeetingLocked() - Method in interface us.zoom.sdk.MeetingService
-
Check if current meeting is in locked status
- isDeviceSupported(Context) - Method in class us.zoom.sdk.ZoomSDK
-
- isDialOutInProgress() - Method in interface us.zoom.sdk.MeetingService
-
Check if current dial out is in progress
- isHostVideoOff() - Method in class us.zoom.sdk.MeetingItem
-
- isImmersedModeEnabled() - Method in class us.zoom.sdk.MeetingActivity
-
- isInitialized() - Method in class us.zoom.sdk.ZoomSDK
-
Check if ZoomSDK has been initialized
- isInSilentMode() - Method in class us.zoom.sdk.MeetingActivity
-
Check if it is now in silent mode
- isKubiDeviceEnabled() - Method in interface us.zoom.sdk.MeetingSettingsHelper
-
Method for determining if Kubi device setting is enabled.
- isLoggedIn() - Method in class us.zoom.sdk.ZoomSDK
-
Check if Zoom user is logged in.
- isMeetingConnected() - Method in class us.zoom.sdk.MeetingActivity
-
Check if meeting is connected
- isPersonalMeeting() - Method in class us.zoom.sdk.MeetingItem
-
- isRecurringMeeting() - Method in class us.zoom.sdk.MeetingItem
-
- isSharingOut() - Method in class us.zoom.sdk.MeetingActivity
-
Check if current user is sharing.
- isUsePmiAsMeetingID() - Method in class us.zoom.sdk.MeetingItem
-
- isWebinarMeeting() - Method in class us.zoom.sdk.MeetingItem
-


Underground water
Surface water
Ice/Permafrost
Choose the amount of water to send
0.1%
1%
5%
10%
Distribute 69.7% of the non-salty water to permafrost,
0.3% to the surface, and 30% underground.
Well done! You have distributed water so that the undergound volume is 30 times more important than the suface water volume...
next game
Sorry! You have put too much water in one of the categories...
retry


Testing web-based notebooks
Notebook systems for literate programming are increasingly popular. I’m talking about tools that allow you to mix code, text and rich content like Jupyter, Observable, and Starboard.
For Starboard I wanted to be able to make changes to Starboard itself and plugins while being confident everything still works end to end.
Testing in Jupyter#
The most serious tool I could find for Jupyter is testbook (part of the nteract ecosystem). This tool seems to follow a pattern that I saw used in other Jupyter testing setups: notebooks are treated a .py
files, which allows us to test it as any other Python file.
This feels wrong, why not put this function in a separate file anyway and import it into the notebook? In my opinon, a notebook should present a narrative, serve as your experimentation bed, or allow the user to learn or do something.
What if we want to test the actual notebook itself and not just its individual functions? What does that even mean? In short: I want to ensure I can run all the cells in the notebook start to end without any uncaught errors.
How Starboard is different#
Starboard is a multi-language notebook system that runs natively in the browser, for Python support it relies on WebAssembly-powered Pyodide. By being 100% static in the browser, given you have all the files on a static host and a modern browser - it should work forever. It also allows you to embed (small) notebooks into webpages, let’s embed one right here:
Here’s what such an embed looks like:
|
|
Other than Jupyter, this is fully interactive: you can change the code, re-run cells, and really do whatever you want. For me hosting this blog: I don’t have to supply you with a machine to evaluate the code you type (and deal with people using those machines for mining cryptocurrencies).
You can hopefully imagine this being useful as interactive documentation, articles or tutorials. And with these small embeds you can put it inside existing blogs and websites :).
A less trivial example#
Imagine the following example notebook which
- Downloads a CSV file using fetch.
- Loads it into pandas and perform some preprocessing.
- Visualizes it using Matplotlib.
(Note: running this notebook requires downloading and running the Pyodide runtime, which may take a moment the first time you do it)
How do we test the above notebook? It is hard to capture all the things going on here in unit tests. As Starboard Notebook itself gets developed, it is tedious to manually click through multiple notebooks to ensure things are still working. Let’s automate that.
Introducing Starlit nbtest#
To solve this issue I wrote a tool in Go called Starlit nbtest that runs all the cells of a notebook in a headless browser. One invokes it as follows:
|
|
The binary starts a local http server that serves all the required files. The excellent chromedp package then allows us to talk to a headless browser, opening every notebook’s test page in a separate tab. Notebooks can be pretty slow (e.g. loading Pyodide will take seconds on a less powerful device), so being able to run multiple in parallel as well as keeping overhead down is important.
Given enough cores, the total time taken to run the tests is usually determined by the slowest running notebook (and not the sum of all notebooks which it would be if we ran all tests serially).
With this tool I can create a corpus of notebooks that should just work. If someone runs into a bug, I can copy paste their notebook into this corpus.
Note that often one would actually add some assertions at the end. In the above notebook we could add a Javascript cell at the end with the following code:
|
|
Distributing on NPM#
It turns out distributing a binary through NPM was surprisingly painful. This was especially surprising given that web tooling is increasingly written in Go and Rust for speed.
There is one package go-npm
that helps with distributing Go binaries through NPM, but in true Node style it pulls in 69 additional packages to do that, is broken for Windows users, and is no longer actively maintained. I forked the package fixing some of these issues (getting rid of all the dependencies), but the package is still far from ideal.
But I’m satisfied, I can run my tests automatically on Github Actions using a single binary that I can install through npm i --save-dev starlit
.
Looking forward#
Most programming examples, courses, articles, and documentation nowadays have static code examples you can’t run right then and there.
The starlit tool is mostly a static site generator (which is still a work in progress!). The goal is that you point to a folder of markdown and starboard notebook files, and it spits out a static website.
Think Gitbook with notebook superpowers - and it’s truly open source :). This nbtest tool will help keep your content from going stale. I suppose it’s a form of doctest on steroids?


#include "_doctype.html"
Curl's test cases are supposed to list a set of 'keywords' about what features and conditions that are tested in each particular test case. These can be used to select or skip certain classes of tests in a test run. This is a summary of all current test cases.
#include "keywords.txt" #include "_footer.html"


7 Stocks This Legendary Investor Recently Bought
A look at seven vastly different stock picks from a well-known fund manager.
by Lee Samaha (TMFSaintGermain)Jeremy Grantham is one of those legendary investors who has crossed the Rubicon and is now almost as well known for his support of research into climate change as he is for running his asset management firm Grantham, Mayo, & van Otterloo. The British investor is always highly vocal on big-picture issues like the environment and asset class valuations, so I thought it would be interesting to see what stocks his firm has been buying in an uncertain economic environment.
Seven stocks Jeremy Grantham bought
Before diving into the stocks, it's worth noting that the size of the fund is in the ballpark of $14 billion, so even the largest position by value, 3M (NYSE:MMM) at $290 million, only constitutes around 2% of the total portfolio. Meanwhile, one of the smaller holdings in the portfolio, Federal Signal (NYSE:FSS), is arguably more significant as Grantham's position constitutes around 1% of the market cap of the stock, compared with just 0.3% of 3M's.
That said, no one invests in stocks because they are hoping to lose money, so all the buys are relevant. Here are seven interesting industrial stocks worth noting in Grantham's portfolio and how those positions changed in the most recent quarter.
| Company | Industry | Market Cap | Shares Holding | Current Price | Current Value | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3M | Multi-industry industrial | $98.1 billion | 1,697,284 | $170.54 | $289.5 million | Added 45,349 shares |
| United Technologies (NYSE:UTX) | Industrial conglomerate | $128.7 billion | 898,926 | $149.11 | $134.0 million | Added 20,982 |
| Honeywell International (NYSE:HON) | Industrial conglomerate | $128.5 billion | 735,817 | $179.80 | $132.3 million | Added 19,800 shares |
| Federal Signal | Infrastructure maintenance machinery for municipalities and industry | $2 billion | 585,407 | $32.95 | $19.3 million | Added 206,464 shares |
| Applied Materials (NASDAQ:AMAT) | Semiconductor materials | $57.6 billion | 132,557 | $62.35 | $8.3 million | New Position |
| PACCAR (NASDAQ:PCAR) | Trucks | $27.7 billion | 66,762 | $80.03 | $5.3 million | New Position |
| Aptiv PLC (NYSE:APTV) | Automotive components | $23.6 billion | 25,681 | $92.32 | $2.4 million | New Position |
Data source: Grantham, Mayo, & van Otterloo SEC filings.
The cyclical comeback stories
The three stocks that immediately grab your attention are Applied Materials, PACCAR, and Aptiv. It's been a pretty grim year in the semiconductor sector in terms of operations -- Applied Materials just reported a 13% decline in its fiscal full-year 2019 net sales -- but it's been a great year for semiconductor stock prices as the market has bought into the idea that the trough in the industry has passed -- something recently argued by Siemens CEO Joe Kaeser. Grantham's purchase of Applied Materials could be taken as another vote of confidence in an industry that is traditionally a good early bellwether of the economy.
Trucking is also a highly cyclical industry. And the sector is arguably looking like a good value right now due to being oversold on expectations of a sharp drop in demand in 2020 after a few years of strong growth. But some leading commentators are talking about a bounce in demand in 2021, and history suggests that truck sales tend to overshoot and undershoot industrial production. In other words, if you think that U.S. industrial growth will be solid in 2021 and onward, then there's a strong case for buying trucking stocks like PACCAR.
In a similar vein, the automotive-supplier stocks have been sold off due to a combination of falling production, the General Motors strike, and concerns over the impact of the trade conflict. That said, valuations across the sector are looking attractive. And if global sales/production could start to stabilize in 2020 -- it surely will at some point -- then buying stocks like Aptiv, as Grantham did, could make sense.
The industrial conglomerates: United Technologies, Honeywell, and 3M
Grantham's additional purchases of the three mega-cap stocks came before they all gave their third-quarter earnings. Honeywell raised full-year earnings guidance largely on the back of good conditions in commercial aerospace -- United Technologies would later do exactly the same. Trading at 20 times estimated 2020 earnings, Honeywell looks fairly valued, but United Technologies has upside potential due to its merger with Raytheon.
On the other hand, 3M cut guidance for the second time this year, and the company's problems appear to run deeper than just a cyclical slowdown as its consumer and healthcare segments continue to disappoint.
The small-cap pick
Federal Signal has been raising guidance in 2019 as municipalities and companies continue to buy its cleaning and maintenance machinery. As such, Federal Signal's mix of street sweeping, sewer cleaning, safe digging, and road marking machinery offers investors exposure to the need to maintain and improve U.S. infrastructure. Trading at a P/E of 17.3 times 2020 estimated earnings, the stock looks like a good value, particularly for one with a good long-term growth story.
Looking ahead
All told, Grantham's purchases probably don't signify any big opinion on the industrial sector, but if you do want exposure to the area, then the stocks above are a good place to start looking for it. There's a nice mix of stocks with recovery potential (Aptiv, Applied Materials, and PACCAR), conglomerates with exposure to a strong aerospace market (United Technologies and Honeywell), a small-cap pick (Federal Signal) and 3M's dividend yield of 3.4%.


| Home | Libraries | People | FAQ | More |
Copyright © 2008 Marcin Kalicinski
Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
Table of Contents
The Property Tree library provides a data structure that stores an arbitrarily deeply nested tree of values, indexed at each level by some key. Each node of the tree stores its own value, plus an ordered list of its subnodes and their keys. The tree allows easy access to any of its nodes by means of a path, which is a concatenation of multiple keys.
Property Tree库提供了一种数据结构，用于保存任意嵌套层数的由值组成的树，每一层以 某个键值来索引。树的每个节点保存了它本身的值，以及一个由该节点的子节点及其键值 组成的有序列表。这种树可以通过类似于路径的方式很方便地访问任一节点，这个路径由 多个键值串接而成。
In addition, the library provides parsers and generators for a number of data formats that can be represented by such a tree, including XML, INI, and JSON.
此外，这个库还提供了一些分析器和生成器，对应于多种可用于表示一棵树的数据格式， 如 XML, INI 和 JSON。
Property trees are versatile data structures, but are particularly suited for holding configuration data. The tree provides its own, tree-specific interface, and each node is also an STL-compatible Sequence for its child nodes.
属性树是多功能的数据结构，尤其适合用于保存配置数据。该树提供了它自己本身、树专用 的接口，而且每个节点都是其子节点的一个STL兼容序列。
Conceptually, then, a node can be thought of as the following structure:
在概念上，一个节点可以想象为以下结构：
struct ptree { data_type data; // data associated with the node 与节点相关联的数据 list< pair<key_type, ptree> > children; // ordered list of named children 命名子节点的有序列表 };
Both key_type and data_type are configurable, but will usually be std::string.
key_type 和 data_type 都是可配置的，但通常都是 std::string。
Many software projects develop a similar tool at some point of their lifetime, and property tree originated the same way. We hope the library can save many from reinventing the wheel.
许多软件项目都在它们生命周期中的某个时候开发过类似的工具，属性树正源自于此。 我们希望这个库可以节省重复发明轮子的时间。
Last revised: December 24, 2009 at 08:38:50 GMT |


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| << 7 Included Tools | < 8.32 Hashing Algorithms | Up: 8 API Reference | 8.34 Stack > | 9 Release Notes >> |
8.33 Map (Hash Table)
A map is a special array, often called an associative array or dictionary; in a map the data values (any Euphoria object) are indexed by keys (also any Euphoria object).
When programming think in terms of key:value pairs. For example we can code things like this:
custrec = new() -- Create a new map put(custrec, "Name", "Joe Blow") put(custrec, "Address", "555 High Street") put(custrec, "Phone", 555675632)
This creates three elements in the map, and they are indexed by "Name", "Address" and "Phone", meaning that to get the data associated with those keys we can code:
object data = get(custrec, "Phone") -- data now set to 555675632
Note that only one instance of a given key can exist in a given map, meaning for example, we could not have two separate "Name" values in the above custrec map.
Maps automatically grow to accommodate all the elements placed into it.
Associative arrays can be implemented in many different ways, depending on what efficiency trade-offs have been made. This implementation allows you to specify how many items you expect the map to hold, or simply start with the default size.
As the number of items in the map grows, the map may increase its size to accommodate larger numbers of items.
8.33.1 Operation Codes for Put
<IP_ADDRESS> PUT
include std/map.e namespace map public enum PUT
<IP_ADDRESS> ADD
include std/map.e namespace map public enum ADD
<IP_ADDRESS> SUBTRACT
include std/map.e namespace map public enum SUBTRACT
<IP_ADDRESS> MULTIPLY
include std/map.e namespace map public enum MULTIPLY
<IP_ADDRESS> DIVIDE
include std/map.e namespace map public enum DIVIDE
<IP_ADDRESS> APPEND
include std/map.e namespace map public enum APPEND
<IP_ADDRESS> CONCAT
include std/map.e namespace map public enum CONCAT
<IP_ADDRESS> LEAVE
include std/map.e namespace map public enum LEAVE
8.33.2 Types
<IP_ADDRESS> map
include std/map.e namespace map public type map(object m)
defines the datatype 'map'.
Comments:
Used when declaring a map variable.
Example 1:
map SymbolTable = new() -- Create a new map to hold the symbol table.
8.33.3 Routines
<IP_ADDRESS> calc_hash
include std/map.e namespace map public function calc_hash(object key_p, integer max_hash_p)
calculates a Hashing value from the supplied data.
Parameters:
- key_p : The data for which you want a hash value calculated.
- max_hash_p : The returned value will be no larger than this value.
Returns:
An integer, the value of which depends only on the supplied data.
Comments:
This is used whenever you need a single number to represent the data you supply. It can calculate the number based on all the data you give it, which can be an atom or sequence of any value.
Example 1:
integer h1 -- calculate a hash value and ensure it will be a value from 1 to 4097. h1 = calc_hash( symbol_name, 4097 )
<IP_ADDRESS> threshold
include std/map.e namespace map public function threshold(integer new_value_p = 0)
deprecated.
Parameters:
- new_value_p : unused value.
Returns:
Zero..
<IP_ADDRESS> type_of
include std/map.e namespace map public function type_of(map the_map_p)
deprecated
Parameters:
- m : A map
Returns:
Zero.
<IP_ADDRESS> rehash
include std/map.e namespace map public procedure rehash(map the_map_p, integer requested_size_p = 0)
changes the width (that is the number of buckets) of a map.
Parameters:
- m : the map to resize
- requested_size_p : a lower limit for the new size.
Comments:
If requested_size_p is not greater than zero, a new width is automatically derived from the current one.
See Also:
<IP_ADDRESS> new
include std/map.e namespace map public function new(integer initial_size_p = DEFAULT_SIZE)
creates a new map data structure.
Parameters:
- initial_size_p : An estimate of how many initial elements will be stored in the map.
Returns:
An empty map.
Comments:
A new object of type map is created. The resources allocated for the map will be automatically cleaned up if the reference count of the returned value drops to zero, or if passed in a call to delete.
Example 1:
map m = new() -- m is now an empty map x = new() -- the resources for the map previously stored in x are released automatically delete( m ) -- the resources for the map are released
<IP_ADDRESS> new_extra
include std/map.e namespace map public function new_extra(object the_map_p, integer initial_size_p = 8)
returns either the supplied map or a new map.
Parameters:
- the_map_p : An object, that could be an existing map
- initial_size_p : An estimate of how many initial elements will be stored in a new map.
Returns:
A map, If m is an existing map then it is returned otherwise this returns a new empty map.
Comments:
This is used to return a new map if the supplied variable isn't already a map.
Example 1:
map m = new_extra( foo() ) -- If foo() returns a map it is used, otherwise -- a new map is created.
<IP_ADDRESS> compare
include std/map.e namespace map public function compare(map map_1_p, map map_2_p, integer scope_p = 'd')
compares two maps to test equality.
Parameters:
- map_1_p : A map
- map_2_p : A map
- scope_p : An integer that specifies what to compare.
- 'k' or 'K' to only compare keys.
- 'v' or 'V' to only compare values.
- 'd' or 'D' to compare both keys and values. This is the default.
Returns:
An integer,
- -1 if they are not equal.
- 0 if they are literally the same map.
- 1 if they contain the same keys and/or values.
Example 1:
map map_1_p = foo() map map_2_p = bar() if compare(map_1_p, map_2_p, 'k') >= 0 then ... -- two maps have the same keys
<IP_ADDRESS> has
include std/map.e namespace map public function has(map the_map_p, object key)
checks whether map has a given key.
Parameters:
- the_map_p : the map to inspect
- the_key_p : an object to be looked up
Returns:
An integer, 0 if not present, 1 if present.
Example 1:
map the_map_p the_map_p = new() put(the_map_p, "name", "John") ? has(the_map_p, "name") -- 1 ? has(the_map_p, "age") -- 0
See Also:
<IP_ADDRESS> get
include std/map.e namespace map public function get(map the_map_p, object key, object default = 0)
retrieves the value associated to a key in a map.
Parameters:
- the_map_p : the map to inspect
- the_key_p : an object, the the_key_p being looked tp
- default_value_p : an object, a default value returned if the_key_p not found. The default is 0.
Returns:
An object, the value that corresponds to the_key_p in the_map_p. If the_key_p is not in the_map_p, default_value_p is returned instead.
Example 1:
map ages ages = new() put(ages, "Andy", 12) put(ages, "Budi", 13) integer age age = get(ages, "Budi", -1) if age = -1 then puts(1, "Age unknown") else printf(1, "The age is %d", age) end if
See Also:
<IP_ADDRESS> nested_get
include std/map.e namespace map public function nested_get(map the_map_p, sequence the_keys_p, object default_value_p = 0)
returns the value given a nested key.
Comments:
Returns the value that corresponds to the object the_keys_p in the nested map the_map_p. the_keys_p is a sequence of keys. If any key is not in the map, the object default_value_p is returned instead.
<IP_ADDRESS> put
include std/map.e namespace map public procedure put(map the_map_p, object key, object val, object op = PUT, object deprecated = 0)
adds or updates an entry on a map.
Parameters:
- the_map_p : the map where an entry is being added or updated
- the_key_p : an object, the the_key_p to look up
- the_value_p : an object, the value to add, or to use for updating.
- operation : an integer, indicating what is to be done with the_value_p. Defaults to PUT.
- trigger_p : Deprecated. This parameter defaults to zero and is not used.
Comments:
- The operation parameter can be used to modify the existing value. Valid operations are:
- PUT -- This is the default, and it replaces any value in there already
- ADD -- Equivalent to using the += operator
- SUBTRACT -- Equivalent to using the -= operator
- MULTIPLY -- Equivalent to using the *= operator
- DIVIDE -- Equivalent to using the /= operator
- APPEND -- Appends the value to the existing data
- CONCAT -- Equivalent to using the &= operator
- LEAVE -- If it already exists, the current value is left unchanged otherwise the new value is added to the map.
Example 1:
map ages ages = new() put(ages, "Andy", 12) put(ages, "Budi", 13) put(ages, "Budi", 14) -- ages now contains 2 entries: "Andy" => 12, "Budi" => 14
See Also:
<IP_ADDRESS> nested_put
include std/map.e namespace map public procedure nested_put(map the_map_p, sequence the_keys_p, object the_value_p, integer operation_p = PUT, object deprecated_trigger_p = 0)
adds or updates an entry on a map.
Parameters:
- the_map_p : the map where an entry is being added or updated
- the_keys_p : a sequence of keys for the nested maps
- the_value_p : an object, the value to add, or to use for updating.
- operation_p : an integer, indicating what is to be done with value. Defaults to PUT.
- deprecated_trigger_p : Deprecated. This parameter defaults to zero and is not used.
Comments:
Valid operations are:
- PUT -- This is the default, and it replaces any value in there already
- ADD -- Equivalent to using the += operator
- SUBTRACT -- Equivalent to using the -= operator
- MULTIPLY -- Equivalent to using the *= operator
- DIVIDE -- Equivalent to using the /= operator
- APPEND -- Appends the value to the existing data
- CONCAT -- Equivalent to using the &= operator
- If existing entry with the same key is already in the map, the value of the entry is updated.
Example 1:
map city_population city_population = new() nested_put(city_population, {"United States", "California", "Los Angeles"}, 3819951 ) nested_put(city_population, {"Canada", "Ontario", "Toronto"}, 2503281 )
See Also:
<IP_ADDRESS> remove
include std/map.e namespace map public procedure remove(map the_map_p, object key)
removes an entry with given key from a map.
Parameters:
- the_map_p : the map to operate on
- key : an object, the key to remove.
Comments:
- If key is not on the_map_p, the the_map_p is returned unchanged.
- If you need to remove all entries, see clear
Example 1:
map the_map_p the_map_p = new() put(the_map_p, "Amy", 66.9) remove(the_map_p, "Amy") -- the_map_p is now an empty map again
See Also:
<IP_ADDRESS> clear
include std/map.e namespace map public procedure clear(map the_map_p)
removes all entries in a map.
Parameters:
- the_map_p : the map to operate on
Comments:
- This is much faster than removing each entry individually.
- If you need to remove just one entry, see remove
Example 1:
map the_map_p the_map_p = new() put(the_map_p, "Amy", 66.9) put(the_map_p, "Betty", 67.8) put(the_map_p, "Claire", 64.1) ... clear(the_map_p) -- the_map_p is now an empty map again
See Also:
<IP_ADDRESS> size
include std/map.e namespace map public function size(map the_map_p)
returns the number of entries in a map.
Parameters:
the_map_p : the map being queried
Returns:
An integer, the number of entries it has.
Comments:
For an empty map, size will be zero
Example 1:
map the_map_p put(the_map_p, 1, "a") put(the_map_p, 2, "b") ? size(the_map_p) -- outputs 2
See Also:
<IP_ADDRESS> NUM_ENTRIES
include std/map.e namespace map public enum NUM_ENTRIES
<IP_ADDRESS> NUM_IN_USE
include std/map.e namespace map public enum NUM_IN_USE
<IP_ADDRESS> NUM_BUCKETS
include std/map.e namespace map public enum NUM_BUCKETS
<IP_ADDRESS> LARGEST_BUCKET
include std/map.e namespace map public enum LARGEST_BUCKET
<IP_ADDRESS> SMALLEST_BUCKET
include std/map.e namespace map public enum SMALLEST_BUCKET
<IP_ADDRESS> AVERAGE_BUCKET
include std/map.e namespace map public enum AVERAGE_BUCKET
<IP_ADDRESS> STDEV_BUCKET
include std/map.e namespace map public enum STDEV_BUCKET
<IP_ADDRESS> statistics
include std/map.e namespace map public function statistics(map the_map_p)
retrieves characteristics of a map.
Parameters:
- the_map_p : the map being queried
Returns:
A sequence, of 7 integers:
- NUM_ENTRIES -- number of entries
- NUM_IN_USE -- number of buckets in use
- NUM_BUCKETS -- number of buckets
- LARGEST_BUCKET -- size of largest bucket
- SMALLEST_BUCKET -- size of smallest bucket
- AVERAGE_BUCKET -- average size for a bucket
- STDEV_BUCKET -- standard deviation for the bucket length series
Example 1:
sequence s = statistics(mymap) printf(1, "The average size of the buckets is %d", s[AVERAGE_BUCKET])
<IP_ADDRESS> keys
include std/map.e namespace map public function keys(map the_map_p, integer sorted_result = 0)
returns all keys in a map.
Parameters:
- the_map_p: the map being queried
- sorted_result: optional integer. 0 [default] means do not sort the output and 1 means to sort the output before returning.
Returns:
A sequence made of all the keys in the map.
Comments:
If sorted_result is not used, the order of the keys returned is not predicable.
Example 1:
map the_map_p the_map_p = new() put(the_map_p, 10, "ten") put(the_map_p, 20, "twenty") put(the_map_p, 30, "thirty") put(the_map_p, 40, "forty") sequence keys keys = keys(the_map_p) -- keys might be {20,40,10,30} or some other order keys = keys(the_map_p, 1) -- keys will be {10,20,30,40}
See Also:
<IP_ADDRESS> values
include std/map.e namespace map public function values(map the_map, object keys = 0, object default_values = 0)
returns values, without their keys, from a map.
Parameters:
- the_map : the map being queried
- keys : optional, key list of values to return.
- default_values : optional default values for keys list
Returns:
A sequence, of all values stored in the_map.
Comments:
- The order of the values returned may not be the same as the putting order.
- Duplicate values are not removed.
- You use the keys parameter to return a specific set of values from the map. They are returned in the same order as the keys parameter. If no default_values is given and one is needed, 0 will be used.
- If default_values is an atom, it represents the default value for all values in keys.
- If default_values is a sequence, and its length is less than keys, then the last item in default_values is used for the rest of the keys.
Example 1:
map the_map_p the_map_p = new() put(the_map_p, 10, "ten") put(the_map_p, 20, "twenty") put(the_map_p, 30, "thirty") put(the_map_p, 40, "forty") sequence values values = values(the_map_p) -- values might be {"twenty","forty","ten","thirty"} -- or some other order
Example 2:
map the_map_p the_map_p = new() put(the_map_p, 10, "ten") put(the_map_p, 20, "twenty") put(the_map_p, 30, "thirty") put(the_map_p, 40, "forty") sequence values values = values(the_map_p, { 10, 50, 30, 9000 }) -- values WILL be { "ten", 0, "thirty", 0 } values = values(the_map_p, { 10, 50, 30, 9000 }, {-1,-2,-3,-4}) -- values WILL be { "ten", -2, "thirty", -4 }
See Also:
<IP_ADDRESS> pairs
include std/map.e namespace map public function pairs(map the_map, integer sorted_result = 0)
returns all key:value pairs in a map.
Parameters:
- the_map_p : the map to get the data from
- sorted_result : optional integer. 0 [default] means do not sort the output and 1 means to sort the output before returning.
Returns:
A sequence, of all key:value pairs stored in the_map_p. Each pair is a sub-sequence in the form {key, value}
Comments:
If sorted_result is not used, the order of the values returned is not predicable.
Example 1:
map the_map_p the_map_p = new() put(the_map_p, 10, "ten") put(the_map_p, 20, "twenty") put(the_map_p, 30, "thirty") put(the_map_p, 40, "forty") sequence keyvals keyvals = pairs(the_map_p) -- might be {{20,"twenty"},{40,"forty"},{10,"ten"},{30,"thirty"}} keyvals = pairs(the_map_p, 1) -- will be {{10,"ten"},{20,"twenty"},{30,"thirty"},{40,"forty"}}
See Also:
<IP_ADDRESS> optimize
include std/map.e namespace map public procedure optimize(map the_map_p, integer deprecated_max_p = 0, atom deprecated_grow_p = 0)
rehashes a map to increase performance. This procedure is deprecated in favor of rehash.
Parameters:
- the_map_p : the map being optimized
- deprecated_max_p : unused
- deprecated_grow_p : unused.
Comments:
This rehashes the map until either the maximum bucket size is less than the desired maximum or the maximum bucket size is less than the largest size statistically expected (mean + 3 standard deviations).
See Also:
<IP_ADDRESS> load_map
include std/map.e namespace map public function load_map(object input_file_name)
loads a map from a file.
Parameters:
- file_name_p : The file to load from. This file may have been created by the save_map function. This can either be a name of a file or an already opened file handle.
Returns:
Either a map, with all the entries found in file_name_p, or -1 if the file failed to open, or -2 if the file is incorrectly formatted.
Comments:
If file_name_p is an already opened file handle, this routine will read from that file and not close it. Otherwise, the named file will be opened and closed by this routine.
The input file can be either one created by the save_map function or a manually created or edited text file. See save_map for details about the required layout of the text file.
Example 1:
include std/error.e object loaded map AppOptions sequence SavedMap = "c:\\myapp\\options.txt" loaded = load_map(SavedMap) if equal(loaded, -1) then crash("Map '%s' failed to open", SavedMap) end iF -- By now we know that it was loaded and a new map created, -- so we can assign it to a 'map' variable. AppOptions = loaded if get(AppOptions, "verbose", 1) = 3 then ShowIntructions() end if
See Also:
<IP_ADDRESS> SM_TEXT
include std/map.e namespace map public enum SM_TEXT
<IP_ADDRESS> SM_RAW
include std/map.e namespace map public enum SM_RAW
<IP_ADDRESS> save_map
include std/map.e namespace map public function save_map(map the_map_, object file_name_p, integer type_ = SM_TEXT)
saves a map to a file.
Parameters:
- m : a map.
- file_name_p : Either a sequence, the name of the file to save to, or an open file handle as returned by open().
- type : an integer. SM_TEXT for a human-readable format (default), SM_RAW for a smaller and faster format, but not human-readable.
Returns:
An integer, the number of keys saved to the file, or -1 if the save failed.
Comments:
If file_name_p is an already opened file handle, this routine will write to that file and not close it. Otherwise, the named file will be created and closed by this routine.
The SM_TEXT type saves the map keys and values in a text format which can be read and edited by standard text editor. Each entry in the map is saved as a KEY/VALUE pair in the form
key = valueNote that if the 'key' value is a normal string value, it can be enclosed in double quotes. If it is not thus quoted, the first character of the key determines its Euphoria value type. A dash or digit implies an atom, an left-brace implies a sequence, an alphabetic character implies a text string that extends to the next equal '=' symbol, and anything else is ignored.
Note that if a line contains a double-dash, then all text from the double-dash to the end of the line will be ignored. This is so you can optionally add comments to the saved map. Also, any blank lines are ignored too.
All text after the '=' symbol is assumed to be the map item's value data.
Because some map data can be rather long, it is possible to split the text into multiple lines, which will be considered by load_map as a single logical line. If an line ends with a comma (,) or a dollar sign ($), then the next actual line is appended to the end of it. After all these physical lines have been joined into one logical line, all combinations of `",$"` and `,$` are removed.
For example:
one = {"first", "second", "third", $ } second = "A long text ",$ "line that has been",$ " split into three lines" third = {"first", "second", "third"}is equivalent to
one = {"first","second","third"} second = "A long text line that has been split into three lines" third = {"first","second","third"}
The SM_RAW type saves the map in an efficient manner. It is generally smaller than the text format and is faster to process, but it is not human readable and standard text editors can not be used to edit it. In this format, the file will contain three serialized sequences:
- Header sequence: {integer:format version, string: date and time of save (YYMMDDhhmmss), sequence: euphoria version {major, minor, revision, patch}}
- Keys. A list of all the keys
- Values. A list of the corresponding values for the keys.
Example 1:
include std/error.e map AppOptions if save_map(AppOptions, "c:\myapp\options.txt") = -1 crash("Failed to save application options") end if if save_map(AppOptions, "c:\myapp\options.dat", SM_RAW) = -1 crash("Failed to save application options") end if
See Also:
<IP_ADDRESS> copy
include std/map.e namespace map public function copy(map source_map, object dest_map = 0, integer put_operation = PUT)
duplicates a map.
Parameters:
- source_map : map to copy from
- dest_map : optional, map to copy to
- put_operation : optional, operation to use when dest_map is used. The default is PUT.
Returns:
If dest_map was not provided, an exact duplicate of source_map otherwise dest_map, which does not have to be empty, is returned with the new values copied from source_map, according to the put_operation value.
Example 1:
map m1 = new() put(m1, 1, "one") put(m1, 2, "two") map m2 = copy(m1) printf(1, "%s, %s\n", { get(m2, 1), get(m2, 2) }) -- one, two put(m1, 1, "one hundred") printf(1, "%s, %s\n", { get(m1, 1), get(m1, 2) }) -- one hundred, two printf(1, "%s, %s\n", { get(m2, 1), get(m2, 2) }) -- one, two
Example 2:
map m1 = new() map m2 = new() put(m1, 1, "one") put(m1, 2, "two") put(m2, 3, "three") copy(m1, m2) ? keys(m2) -- { 1, 2, 3 }
Example 3:
map m1 = new() map m2 = new() put(m1, "XY", 1) put(m1, "AB", 2) put(m2, "XY", 3) pairs(m1) --> { {"AB", 2}, {"XY", 1} } pairs(m2) --> { {"XY", 3} } -- Add same keys' values. copy(m1, m2, ADD) pairs(m2) --> { {"AB", 2}, {"XY", 4} }
See Also:
<IP_ADDRESS> new_from_kvpairs
include std/map.e namespace map public function new_from_kvpairs(sequence kv_pairs)
converts a set of key:value pairs to a map.
Parameters:
- kv_pairs : A seqeuence containing any number of subsequences that have the format {KEY, VALUE}. These are loaded into a new map which is then returned by this function.
Returns:
A map, containing the data from kv_pairs
Example 1:
map m1 = new_from_kvpairs( { { "application", "Euphoria" }, { "version", "4.0" }, { "genre", "programming language" }, { "crc", 0x4F71AE10 } }) v = map:get(m1, "application") --> "Euphoria"
<IP_ADDRESS> new_from_string
include std/map.e namespace map public function new_from_string(sequence kv_string)
converts a set of key:value pairs contained in a string to a map.
Parameters:
- kv_string : A string containing any number of lines that have the format KEY=VALUE. These are loaded into a new map which is then returned by this function.
Returns:
A map, containing the data from kv_string
Comments:
This function actually calls keyvalues to convert the string to key-value pairs, which are then used to create the map.
Example 1:
Given that a file called "xyz.config" contains the lines ...
application = Euphoria, version = 4.0, genre = "programming language", crc = 4F71AE10
map m1 = new_from_string( read_file("xyz.config", TEXT_MODE)) printf(1, "%s\n", {map:get(m1, "application")}) --> "Euphoria" printf(1, "%s\n", {map:get(m1, "genre")}) --> "programming language" printf(1, "%s\n", {map:get(m1, "version")}) --> "4.0" printf(1, "%s\n", {map:get(m1, "crc")}) --> "4F71AE10"
<IP_ADDRESS> for_each
include std/map.e namespace map public function for_each(map source_map, integer user_rid, object user_data = 0, integer in_sorted_order = 0, integer signal_boundary = 0)
calls a user-defined routine for each of the items in a map.
Parameters:
- source_map : The map containing the data to process
- user_rid: The routine_id of a user defined processing function
- user_data: An object. Optional. This is passed, unchanged to each call of the user defined routine. By default, zero (0) is used.
- in_sorted_order: An integer. Optional. If non-zero the items in the map are processed in ascending key sequence otherwise the order is undefined. By default they are not sorted.
- signal_boundary: A integer; 0 (the default) means that the user routine is not called if the map is empty and when the last item is passed to the user routine, the Progress Code is not negative.
Returns:
An integer: 0 means that all the items were processed, and anything else is whatever was returned by the user routine to abort the for_each process.
Comments:
- The user defined routine is a function that must accept four parameters.
- Object: an Item Key
- Object: an Item Value
- Object: The user_data value. This is never used by for_each itself, merely passed to the user routine.
- Integer: Progress code.
- The abs value of the progress code is the ordinal call number. That is 1 means the first call, 2 means the second call, etc ...
- If the progress code is negative, it is also the last call to the routine.
- If the progress code is zero, it means that the map is empty and thus the item key and value cannot be used.
- note that if signal_boundary is zero, the Progress Code is never less than 1.
- The user routine must return 0 to get the next map item. Anything else will cause for_each to stop running, and is returned to whatever called for_each.
- Note that any changes that the user routine makes to the map do not affect the order or number of times the routine is called. for_each takes a copy of the map keys and data before the first call to the user routine and uses the copied data to call the user routine.
Example 1:
include std/map.e include std/math.e include std/io.e function Process_A(object k, object v, object d, integer pc) writefln("[] = []", {k, v}) return 0 end function function Process_B(object k, object v, object d, integer pc) if pc = 0 then writefln("The map is empty") else integer c c = abs(pc) if c = 1 then writefln("---[]---", {d}) -- Write the report title. end if writefln("[]: [:15] = []", {c, k, v}) if pc < 0 then writefln(repeat('-', length(d) + 6), {}) -- Write the report end. end if end if return 0 end function map m1 = new() map:put(m1, "application", "Euphoria") map:put(m1, "version", "4.0") map:put(m1, "genre", "programming language") map:put(m1, "crc", "4F71AE10") -- Unsorted map:for_each(m1, routine_id("Process_A")) -- Sorted map:for_each(m1, routine_id("Process_B"), "List of Items", 1)
The output from the first call could be...
application = Euphoria version = 4.0 genre = programming language crc = 4F71AE10
The output from the second call should be...
---List of Items--- 1: application = Euphoria 2: crc = 4F71AE10 3: genre = programming language 4: version = 4.0 -------------------


Creating an Interface¶
Skills to be Learned¶
Create a veth interface in Linux host
Assign an IP address to one end of the veth interface in the Linux host
Create a vpp host-interface that connected to one end of a veth interface via AF_PACKET
Add an ip address to a vpp interface
VPP commands learned in this exercise¶
Topology¶
Initial State¶
The initial state here is presumed to be the final state from the previous sections of the tutorial.
Create veth interfaces on host¶
In Linux, there is a type of interface call ‘veth’. Think of a ‘veth’ interface as being an interface that has two ends to it (rather than one).
Create a veth interface with one end named vpp1out and the other named vpp1host
$ sudo ip link add name vpp1out type veth peer name vpp1host
Turn up both ends:
$ sudo ip link set dev vpp1out up
$ sudo ip link set dev vpp1host up
Assign an IP address¶
$ sudo ip addr add <IP_ADDRESS>/24 dev vpp1host
Display the result:
$ ip addr show vpp1host
5: vpp1host@vpp1out: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether e2:0f:1e:59:ec:f7 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet <IP_ADDRESS>/24 scope global vpp1host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::e00f:1eff:fe59:ecf7/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
Create vpp host-interface¶
Make sure VPP is running, if not start it.
$ ps -eaf | grep vpp
vagrant 2141 903 0 05:28 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto vpp
# vpp is not running, so start it
$ sudo /usr/bin/vpp -c startup1.conf
These commands are run from the vpp shell. Enter the VPP shell with the following command:
$ sudo vppctl -s /run/vpp/cli-vpp1.sock
_______ _ _ _____ ___
__/ __/ _ \ (_)__ | | / / _ \/ _ \
_/ _// // / / / _ \ | |/ / ___/ ___/
/_/ /____(_)_/\___/ |___/_/ /_/
vpp#
Create a host interface attached to vpp1out.
vpp# create host-interface name vpp1out
host-vpp1out
Confirm the interface:
vpp# show hardware
Name Idx Link Hardware
host-vpp1out 1 up host-vpp1out
Ethernet address 02:fe:d9:75:d5:b4
Linux PACKET socket interface
local0 0 down local0
local
Turn up the interface:
vpp# set int state host-vpp1out up
Confirm the interface is up:
vpp# show int
Name Idx State MTU (L3/IP4/IP6/MPLS) Counter Count
host-vpp1out 1 up 9000/0/0/0
local0 0 down 0/0/0/0
Assign ip address <IP_ADDRESS>/24
vpp# set int ip address host-vpp1out <IP_ADDRESS>/24
Confirm the ip address is assigned:
vpp# show int addr
host-vpp1out (up):
L3 <IP_ADDRESS>/24
local0 (dn):