{% extends 'base.html' %} {% block title %} Add a photo feed {% endblock %} {% block content %}
Feed added!
{% endif %} {% if failure %}Unable to authorize: {{ failure }}
{% endif %}Only Atom feeds are supported. The photo must be included using an <enclosure> tag to work properly.
{% endblock %}


Cryptology ePrint Archive: Report 2018/712
A Survey of Two Verifiable Delay Functions
Dan Boneh and Benedikt Bünz and Ben Fisch
Abstract: A verifiable delay function (VDF) is an important tool used for adding delay in decentralized
applications. This short note briefly surveys and compares two recent beautiful Verifiable Delay
Functions (VDFs), one due to Pietrzak and the other due to Wesolowski. We also provide a
new computational proof of security for one of them, and compare the complexity assumptions
needed for both schemes.
Category / Keywords:
Date: received 30 Jul 2018, last revised 27 Aug 2018
Contact author: benedikt at cs stanford edu
Available format(s): PDF | BibTeX Citation
Version: 20180827:165554 (All versions of this report)
Short URL: ia.cr/2018/712
[ Cryptology ePrint archive ]


The Unix epoch (or Unix time or POSIX time or Unix timestamp) is the number of seconds that have elapsed since January 1, 1970 (midnight UTC/GMT), not counting leap seconds.
This Epoch Converter tool helps you to conveniently convert between epoch timestamp seconds and human readable time. Type in the timestamp on the cards and the corresponding time will be converted.
{{ switchMilliseconds ? currentTime.timestamp : (currentTime.timestamp / 1000 | numberRound) }}
elapsed since January 1, 1970
seconds
miliseconds


Himanshu Pandit
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GUI.AddText
Syntax
GUI.AddText (widgetID : int, text : string)
Description
GUI.AddText adds text to the current line of the text box specified by widgetID. It does not add a newline after the text. It is essentially equivalent to put text ... in the text box. GUI.AddLine scrolls the text box (if necessary) so that the added text is now visible. The widgetID parameter must be the widget id of a text box. The text parameter is the text to be added to the text box.
Details
To force a text box to scroll to the end of the text without adding any extra text, call GUI.AddText with "" (the null string) for the text parameter.
Example
The following creates a text box and puts the numbers from 1 to 26 followed by the appropriate letter of the alphabet in it.
import GUI
var boxID : int := GUI.CreateTextBox (50, 50, 200, 200)
for i : 1 .. 26
GUI.AddText (boxID, intstr (i))
GUI.AddText (boxID, " ")
GUI.AddLine (boxID, chr (64 + i))
end for
loop
exit when GUI.ProcessEvent
end loop
Status
Exported qualified.
This means that you can only call the function by calling GUI.AddText, not by calling AddText.
See also
GUI.CreateTextBox.


In the search box, you can search for the name of the place or type of places. Click the gray icon to add the place to your favorites. After you have confirmed the associated questions, the place will show up as a red marker on your dashboard.


Start Game!
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Next Level
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Restart Level
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Agent/People Template Example
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{{ template "agents-people.include" . }}


2
1 The things that Isaiah the son of Amoz perceived in a vision, concerning Judah and Jerusalem.
2 In the latter days, the mountain of Yahweh's house will be established
as the highest of the
mountains, and will be exalted above the hills;
and all nations will flow to it.
3 Many peoples will come and say,
"Come, let us go up to the mountain of Yahweh, to the house of the God of Jacob,
so he will teach us some of his ways, and we may walk in his paths."
For out of Zion will go the law, and the word of Yahweh from Jerusalem.
4 He will judge between the nations and will render decisions for many peoples;
they will hammer their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning hooks;
nation will not lift up sword against nation, nor will they train for war any longer.
5 House of Jacob, come, and let us walk in the light of Yahweh.
6 For you have abandoned your people, the house of Jacob,
because they are filled
with customs from the east and are omen readers like the Philistines,
and they shake hands with sons of foreigners.
7 Their land is full of silver and gold, and is there no limit to their wealth;
their land also is full of horses, nor is there limit to their chariots.
8 Their land also is full of idols;
they worship the craftsmanship of their own hands, things that their own fingers have made.
9 The people will be bowed down, and individuals will fall down; therefore do not accept them.
10 Go into the rocky places and hide in the ground
from the terror of Yahweh and from the glory of his majesty.
11 The lofty gaze of man will be brought low, and the pride of men will be brought down,
and Yahweh alone will be exalted on that day.
12 For there will be a day of Yahweh of hosts
against everyone who is proud and raised up, and against everyone who is arrogant, and he will be brought down—
13 and against all the cedars of Lebanon that are high and lifted up,
and against all the oaks of Bashan,
14 and against all the high mountains, and against all the hills that are lifted up,
15 and against every high tower, and against every impregnable wall,
16 and against all the ships of Tarshish, and against all beautiful sailing vessels.
17 The pride of man will be brought low and the haughtiness of men will fall;
Yahweh alone will be exalted on that day.
18 The idols will completely pass away.
19 Men will go into the caves of the rocks and the holes of the ground,
from the terror of Yahweh, and from the splendor of his majesty, when he rises to terrify the earth.
20 On that day people will throw away their idols of silver and of gold
that they have made for themselves to worship—they will throw them away to the moles and bats.
21 The people will go into the caves of the rocks and into the clefts of the ragged rocks,
from the terror of Yahweh and from the glory of his majesty, when he rises to terrify the earth.
22 Stop trusting in man, whose life-breath is in his nostrils,
for what does he amount to?


Curriculum vitae
[download CV as PDF]
EDUCATION
- Ph.D. (2020) Integrative Biology, UC Berkeley.
[NSF Graduate Research Fellow; Berkeley Fellow; NSF NRT Data Science Fellow]
- B.A. (2005) Conservation Biology & Environmental Studies, Middlebury College
RESEARCH POSITIONS
- Postdoctoral Fellow, Gund Institute for the Environment, and Postdoctoral researcher, Dept of Biology, University of Vermont (2021-present)
- Postdoctoral scholar, Ackerly Lab, UC Berkeley (2020-2021)
- Graduate Student Instructor, UC Berkeley (2019-2020)
- Consultant in Global Change Biology, NatureServe (2015-2019)
- Bioclimate Analyst, NatureServe (2013-2015)
- Science Analyst, Brighter Planet (2008-2013)
- Supervisory Biologist, Institute for Wildlife Studies (2007-2008)
- Canid Ecology Crew Leader, Yellowstone Ecological Research Center (2005-2006)
- Plant Ecology Technician, US Geological Survey (2005)
- Ungulate Ecology Technician, National Park Service (2005)
- Environmental Intern, Administracion Ambiental Cooperativa Chilena (2004)
- Research Assistant, USDA National Wildlife Research Center (2002)
AWARDS & RECOGNITION
- NSF Graduate Research Fellowship (2015-2020; $102,000 + tuition)
- Berkeley Fellowship (2015-2020; $60,000 + tuition)
- NSF National Research Trainee (Data Science for the 21st Century program)
- USGS-NatureServe EcoInforma student app award (2015; $2000 travel)
- EPA Apps for the Environment (2011; National runner-up)
- Departmental High Honors & Magna Cum Laude, Middlebury College (2005)
JOURNAL ARTICLES
- Kling, M., and D. Ackerly. (2021) Global wind patterns shape genetic differentiation, asymmetric gene flow, and genetic diversity in trees. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(17) [web]
- Skelton, R., L. Anderegg, J. Diaz, M. Kling, P. Papper, L. Lamarque, S. Delzon, T. Dawson, and D. Ackerly. (2021) Evolutionary relationships between drought-related traits and climate shaped large hydraulic safety margins in North American oaks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(10) [web]
- Kling, M., and D. Ackerly. (2020) Global wind patterns and the vulnerability of wind-dispersed species to climate change. Nature Climate Change, 10: 868-875 [web, pdf]
- Ackerly, D., M. Kling, M. Clark, P. Papper, M. Oldfather, A. Flint and L. Flint. Topoclimates and Biotic Responses to Climate Change: Which locations on the landscape will be most sensitive? Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 18(5): 288–297 [web, pdf]
- Stevens, J., M. Kling, D. Schwilk, M. Varner, and J. Kane. Biogeography of fire regimes in western US conifer forests: a trait-based approach. (2020) Global Ecology and Biogeography, 29: 944-955. [web, pdf]
- Kling, M., S. Auer, P. Comer, D. Ackerly, and H. Hamilton. (2020) Multiple axes of ecological vulnerability to climate change. Global Change Biology, 26: 2798-2813. [web, pdf]
- Oldfather, M., M. Kling, S. Sheth, N. Emery, and D. Ackerly. (2019) Range Edges in Heterogeneous Landscapes: Incorporating Realistic Landscapes into Range Dynamics. Global Change Biology, 26: 1055-1067. [web, pdf]
- Comer, P., J. Hak, M. Reid, S. Auer, K. Schulz, H. Hamilton, R. Smyth, and M. Kling. (2019) Habitat Climate Change Vulnerability Index Applied to Major Vegetation Types of the Western Interior United States. Land 8(7): 108. [web, pdf]
- Skelton, R., Anderegg, L., Papper, P., Dawson, T., Kling, M., Thompson, S., Diaz, J., Reich, E., and D. Ackerly. (2019) No local adaptation in leaf or stem xylem vulnerability to embolism, but consistent vulnerability segmentation in a North American oak. New Phytologist 223(3): 1296-1306. [web]
- Daru, B., M. Kling, E. Meineke, and A. van Wyk. (2019) Temperature controls phenology in continuously flowering Protea species of subtropical Africa. Applications in Plant Sciences. [web, pdf]
- Kling, M., B. Mishler, B. Baldwin, A. Thornhill, and D. Ackerly (2018). Facets of phylodiversity: evolutionary diversification, divergence, and survival as conservation targets. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 374: 20170397. [web, pdf]
- Morueta-Holme, N., M. Oldfather, R. Olliff-Yang, A. Weitz, C. Levine, M. Kling, E. Riordan, C. Merow, S. Sheth, A. Thornhill, and D. Ackerly (2018). Best practices for reporting climate data in ecology. Nature Climate Change 8: 92-94. [web, pdf]
- Thornhill, A., B. Baldwin, W. Freyman, S. Nosratinia, M. Kling, N. Morueta-Holme, T. Madsen, D. Ackerly, and B. Mishler (2017). Spatial phylogenetics of the native California flora. BCM Biology 15(1): 96. [web, pdf]
- Hammerson, G., M. Kling, M. Harkness, M. Ormes, and B. Young (2017). Strong geographic and temporal patterns in the conservation status of North American bats. Biological Conservation 212: 144-152. [web, pdf]
- Baldwin, B., A. Thornhill, W. Freyman, D. Ackerly, M. Kling, N. Morueta-Holme, and B. Mishler (2017). Species richness and endemism in the native flora of California. American Journal of Botany, 104(3): 487–501. [web, pdf]
- Sterner, R., M. Kling, S. Schwiff, and D. Slate (2003). Oral rabies vaccination: reducing economic uncertainty via response surface analysis. Proceedings of the 10th Wildlife Damage Management Conference (K. Fagerstone, G. Witmer, Eds).
INVITED TALKS
- Kling, M. (2022, Feb). Whither, whence, and whether: modeling the ability of plant biodiversity to track climate change. UVM Plant Biology department seminar, Burlington, Vermont.
- Kling, M. (2021, Nov). Emigrate, Evolve, Endure, or go Extinct: climate change vulnerability modeling in biogeography. UVM Biology department seminar, Burlington, Vermont.
- Kling, M. (2021, Jun). Windscape connectivity modeling for biogeography. BEYOND seminar series, INRAE, Avignon, France.
- Kling, M. (2019, Dec). California plant conservation gaps: an evolutionary perspective. Mary Bowerman Science & Research Colloquium, Berkeley, California.
- Kling, M. (2019, Dec). Winds of change: global wind patterns and the resilience of biodiversity to climate change. Carnegie Institution at Stanford, Palo Alto, California.
- Kling, M. (2019, Oct). California plant conservation gaps: an evolutionary perspective. Half-Earth Day symposium, Berkeley, California.
- Kling, M. (2019, Sep). Seeds of change: climate-smart seed collection for ecological restoration. Bay Area National Park Science Symposium, San Francisco, California.
- Kling, M. (2019, May). Save the trees: informing conservation planning with multiple facets of phylodiversity. Hennig XXXVIII symposium, Berkeley, California.
- Kling, M. S. Brown, A. Harvey, and P. Gonzalez (2019, May). Seeds of change: climate-smart seed provenancing for ecological restoration. US National Park Service workshop, San Francisco, California.
- Kling, M., B. Mishler, B. Baldwin, A. Thornhill, and D. Ackerly (2018, Sep). Future conservation priorities for the California flora: weighing alternative dimensions of evolutionary diversity. Botany Lunch seminar series, Berkeley, California.
CONTRIUBTED TALKS & POSTERS
- Kling, M., K. Baer, and D. Ackerly (2022, Aug). Plant communities as microclimate sensors: a new approach to climate downscaling using North American trees as bioindicators. Talk presented at Ecological Society of America, Montreal, Quebec.
- Kling, M. and D. Ackerly (2020, Aug). Isolation by wind: wind connectivity shapes the landscape genetics of the world’s forests. Talk presented at Ecological Society of America, virtual conference.
- Kling, M., H. Hamilton, D. Ackerly, P. Comer, and S. Auer (2020, Jul). Dimensions of climate change vulnerability and their management implications. Talk presented at North American Congress for Conservation Biology, virtual conference.
- Kling, M. and D. Ackerly (2019, Jul). Winds of change: wind connectivity, gene flow, and climate adaptation in trees. Talk presented at Species on the Move, Kruger, South Africa.
- Kling, M., B. Mishler, B. Baldwin, A. Thornhill, and D. Ackerly (2018, Jul). Conserving the evolutionary diversity of the California flora. Talk presented at North American Congress for Conservation Biology, Toronto, Canada.
- Kling, M., B. Mishler, B. Baldwin, A. Thornhill, and D. Ackerly (2018, Jun). Future priorities for conserving the evolutionary diversity of the California flora. Talk presented at the Digital Data in Biodiversity Research Conference, Berkeley, CA.
- Kling, M. (2016, Dec). Multidecadal historic trends in California’s coastal fog. Poster presented at American Geophysical Union, San Francisco, CA. [pdf]
- Kling, M., E. Burns, P. Cowan, and H. Hamilton (2016, Sept). The coast redwood climate envelope: 20th-century trends across space and time. Talk presented at Coast Redwood Science Symposium, Eureka, CA.
- Kling, M., M. Fernandez, and H. Hamilton (2014, Jul). Spatiotemporal patterns in greater sage-grouse exposure to recent climate change. Talk presented at Society for Conservation GIS Conference, Monterey, CA.
- Kling, M., M. Fernandez, and H. Hamilton (2014, Jun). The biogeography of recent climate change in coast redwood ecosystems. Poster presented at Smithsonian Botanical Symposium, Washington, DC.
- [Co-authored talks]
GRAY LITERATURE
- EcoAdapt (2014, multiple authors). A Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment for Resources of Nez Perce-Clearwater National Forests. Version 3.0. EcoAdapt, Bainbridge Island, WA.
- Bureau of Land Management (2014, multiple authors). Madrean Archipeligo Rapid Ecoloregional Assessment. US BLM, Washington, DC.
- Kling, M. and I. Hough (2012). Hotel carbon and energy efficiency: chain rankings, industry trends, efficiency drivers, market patterns. Brighter Planet, Inc. White paper, 21 pages.
- Kling, M. and I. Hough (2011). Air travel carbon and energy efficiency: case studies, best practices, industry trends, airline rankings. Brighter Planet, Inc. White paper, 25 pages, presented at the 2012 Conference of the Institute for Computational Sustainability, Copenhagen, Denmark. [pdf]
- Kling, M. and I. Hough (2011). Employee Engagement in Sustainability. Brighter Planet, Inc. White paper, 38 pages.
- Kling, M. and I. Hough (2010).  Brighter Planet, Inc. White paper, 19 pages. [pdf]
- Kling, M. (2003). The ecophysiology of alpine treeline: spatial patterns in balsam fir (Abies balsamea) growth and water relations on Mount Abraham, Vermont. Senior thesis presented for departmental high honors, Conservation Biology/Environmental Studies, Middlebury College.
PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS
- Ecological Society of America
- International Biogeography Society
- American Geophysical Union
- Society for Conservation Biology
- Society for Conservation GIS
PEER REVIEWER
- Biological Conservation
- Conservation Science & Practice
- Diversity & Distributions
- Global Change Biology
- Global Ecology & Biogeography
- Heredity
- Journal of Biogeography
- Landscape Ecology
- PeerJ
- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society: B
- PLOS One
- PNAS


Become a full stack web developer, learn to make eye catching websites and an important part of the ever developing world wide web industry.
Learn to build native mobile apps integrated with the operating system. We provide training to develop apps that run on both Android and iOS devices.
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--- layout: page api: host: 'https://moca-spike-150.appspot.com' path: 'signup' title: Spike Relay Signup ---


Overview
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Tree
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Index
Help
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game
- package game
getCols()
- Method in class game.
MetroControl
Gets the number of columns on the game board.
getCurrentActiveTile()
- Method in class game.
MetroControl
Gets the current active tile in the game.
getCurrentPlayerNum()
- Method in class game.
MetroControl
Gets the number of the current player in the game.
getCurrentTile(int)
- Method in class game.
MetroControl
Gets the current held tile for the specified player number.
getDrawPlayer()
- Method in class game.
MetroControl
Gets the player that turned the draw pile on.
getGameBoard()
- Method in class game.
MetroControl
Gets the array of integers representing the current game board.
getNumOfPlayers()
- Method in class game.
MetroControl
Gets the number of players in the game.
getRows()
- Method in class game.
MetroControl
Gets the number of rows on the game board.
getScore(int)
- Method in class game.
MetroControl
Gets the score of the selected player.
getScores()
- Method in class game.
MetroEngine
Gets the array of the current scores.
getScores()
- Method in interface game.
ScoreKeeper
Gets an array representing each players score.
getScoreType()
- Method in class game.
MetroControl
Gets the integer representing the type of scoring system in use.
getStationOwner(int)
- Method in class game.
MetroControl
Gets the station owner of the given station.
getX()
- Method in class utility.
Position
Gets the x value of the position.
getY()
- Method in class utility.
Position
Gets the y value of the position.
gui
- package gui
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Susan Granger's review of "JAWBREAKER" (Columbia/Tri Star: Sony Entertain= ment)
If you remember "Heathers," "Grease," or even "Carrie," you'll recognize elements of all three in this high-school reworked satire. Rebecca Gayheart, Rose McGowan, Charlotte Roldan, and Julie Benz are the four most beautiful and popular girls at Reagan High. And they know it. As the ruling clique, they're bitches. Their disinterested demeanor and cold stares intimidate the weak but their sex appeal is undeniable. The plot revolves around what happens when Rebecca, Rose, and Julie decide to pull a prank on Charlotte's 17th birthday. Sneaking into her room in the morning, they stuff a jawbreaker in her mouth and gag her so she can't spit it out. Then they kidnap her and stuff her into the trunk of their car. But when they decide to set her free to gorge on a pancake breakfast, they discover she's dead, having choked on the jawbreaker.  But there's a witness to the crime.  Then a persistent detective, Pam Grier, arrives to investigate the case. What "Jawbreaker" has in its favor is that it cost only $3 million and today's teen market is hot - and Rose McGowan's real-life boy-friend, Marilyn Manson, has a cameo as her lover. The film's weakness lies in writer-director Darren Stein's shallow, uneven execution. He was obviously going for a Faustian tale of corruption and redemption, even paying homage to "Carrie" in casting P.J. Soles and William Katt as Charlotte's parents, but this black comedy is just too derivative. On the Granger Movie Gauge of 1 to 10, "Jawbreaker" is a stylish but sophomoric 6 - aimed at high school movie-goers.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Visit the official government website for more information Click Here
The major goal of the Scheme is a form of processing and preservation capacities and modernization and growth of obtainable food processing units with a vision to increase the level of processing, value addition leading to a diminution of wastage. It is a scheme of setting up modern abattoir under 5 ULBs viz. Krishnagar, Ranaghat, Nabadwip, Bhatpara and Contai are being approved with the objective to provide facility of scientific slaughtering and better hygienic environment. The scheme has envisaged setting up an abattoir for a capacity of slaughtering small animals, namely goat and sheep. The scheme is to provide civil construction of open lairage, covered lairage with truss structure, slaughtering unit, blood processing plant, effluent treatment plant, deep tube well etc. and necessary electro mechanical units.


Thank you for verifying your Mobile No.We have sent you an email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>with your details Please go to your above email now and login.


Dropdowns
The alignment of the dropdown is based on the first parent with position: relative and can be adjusted with additional classes.
Dropdown tweaks
You can apply additional classes to dropdown and dropdown list items to remove padding and hover effect.
Dropdown with tip
Also useful if you need a tooltip, just add h-tip class to the element.


Whistlepig is a minimalist realtime full-text search index. Its goal is to be as small and feature-free as possible, while still remaining useful, performant and scalable to large corpora. If you want realtime full-text search without the frills, Whistlepig may be for you.
Whistlepig is written in ANSI C99. It currently provides a C API and Ruby bindings.
| Latest version: | 0.12, released 2012-06-09. |
| Status: | beta |
| News: | http://all-thing.net/label/whistlepig/ |
| Homepage: | http://masanjin.net/whistlepig/ |
| Bug reports: | Github issue tracker |
| Tarball: | whistlepig-0.12.tar.gz |
| Rubygem: | gem install whistlepig |
| Git: | git clone git://github.com/wmorgan/whistlepig.git |
Roughly speaking, realtime search means:
require 'rubygems' require 'whistlepig' include Whistlepig index = Index.new "index" entry1 = Entry.new entry1.add_string "body", "hello there bob" docid1 = index.add_entry entry1 # => 1 entry2 = Entry.new entry2.add_string "body", "goodbye bob" docid2 = index.add_entry entry2 # => 2 q1 = Query.new "body", "bob" results1 = index.search q1 # => [2, 1] q2 = q1.and Query.new("body", "hello") results2 = index.search q2 # => [1] index.add_label docid2, "funny" q3 = Query.new "body", "bob ~funny" results3 = index.search q3 # => [2] entry3 = Entry.new entry3.add_string "body", "hello joe" entry3.add_string "subject", "what do you know?" docid3 = index.add_entry entry3 # => 3 q4 = Query.new "body", "subject:know hello" results4 = index.search q4 # => [3]
For the Ruby bindings, see the Whistlepig Ruby API documentation.
For the query language, see the Whistlepig Query documentation.
For the C API, see the code.
Whistlepig is currently single-process and single-thread only. However, it is built with multi-process access in mind. Per-segment single-writer, multi-reader support is planned in the near future. Multi-writer support can be accomplished via index striping and is planned for the distant future.
Whistlepig is distributed under the terms of the New BSD License. See the file COPYING for details.
Whistlepig is brought to you by William Morgan.


title = "Size Chart" url = "/size-chart" layout = "default" is_hidden = 0 == SIZE CHART HOME > SIZE CHART


A goal is a dream with a deadline
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Define your own goals.
We take care of your commitment.
Our Team
We are a team of internationals dedicated to help you achieve your goals.
Through this app we aim to bring you happiness from the success of your goals. We celebrate your victories and soften the blow when you fall. If you miss a goal, the money you bet on this specific goal will be donated.


Please thouroughly check the following before proceeding
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- Does your repository contain a LICENSE file and does the license in that file match the license you provided in the datacite.yml file?
- Does your repository contain a good description of the data?


Primary Colors 3/24/98
Well director Mike Nichols(The Birdcage, Regarding Henry) is nothing but a talented director, who never fails to be entertaining, and even inspiring at times. His latest film, a political satire, about the 1992 Democratic presidential primary is all that and more.
Jack Stanton(John Travolta) is running for president, a big step up from governor of a southern state.  Other members of the group include his political strategist(Billy Bob Thornton), his wife(Emma Thompson), Libby Holden(Kathy Bates), and Daisy(Maura Tierney), together, they form the weirdest group ever to help win a presidential election. The road to the White House isn't easy though, along the way they battle a sex scandal and several skeletons in Jack Stanton's closet.
This is a fun movie, lighthearted and generally amusing. Its filled with splendid performances from John Travolta(Oscar Nomination in his future), Billy Bob Thornton(always brilliant), Emma Thompson(great as the power hungry wife), and Kathy Bates(One of the best things about Titanic). Unfortunately the movie suffers from a few flaws. The point of view is my main example, Henry's character was bland and his acting certainly lacked passion and was rather somber at times. The second flaw was the editing, it left little bits and pieces of things(for instance Henry's relationship with his girlfriend) that should have been edited out completely. Apart from these complaints the movie it worth seeing simply for John Travolta's incredibly brilliant performance as our beloved(or scorned) President Bill Clinton, it is certainly a memorable role. Not to mention the mostly great supporting cast, its highly entertaining and bitterly funny.
Grade: B+
------------------------------ Ryan Davis<EMAIL_ADDRESS>-------------------------------- Movie Reviews and More: http://www.intercom.net/user/rjdavis/
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Advanced¶
Settings¶
Data and Configuration Path¶
By default pistarlab stores data and configuration in the $HOME/pistarlab/ directory. (eg: /home/$USER/pistarlab) This can be changed by using the PISTARLAB_ROOT environment variable
If you are using Docker, PISTARLAB_ROOT is under $HOME/pistarlab_docker/. This has been changed for Docker to avoid permission issues that Docker may instroduce.
Configuration is stored in the config.yaml file located at PISTARLAB_ROOT
Data is stored under PISTARLAB_ROOT/data
Debugging¶
Our current solution uses the remote_pdb python module to enable remote debuging over telnet.
To use debugging, do the following:
Insert the following code snip where you want the debugger to started and wait for your input
from ..utils.remote_pdb import set_trace
set_trace() # you'll see the port number in the logs
When the above code is executed, it will print the port number to connect to in the logs.
use telnet to connect and use pdb as usual: for example
`telnet <IP_ADDRESS> PORTNUM_HERE`
Cluster Mode¶
Warning
Experimental
Cluster mode is handled by Ray. For more information visit ray.io.
WIP, this documentation is incomplete and more testing needed.
Requirements * PostgreSQL to communicate over network (Temporary) * Python Version should be same on all nodes
with Docker¶
Switch to python env to 3.7.7
This is needed because the docker version of Ray uses 3.7.7 and multiple versions of python create problems when pickling.
conda install python=3.7.7
Docker Related Issue with using Ray
file permission issues when using docker. files copied using rsync get permissions
/tmp/ray_tmp_mount
without Docker¶
- Install MINICONDA
wget https://repo.anaconda.com/miniconda/Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh
bash ~/Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh
login logout
conda install python=3.7.7
** Configuration **
Config file path: ~/pistarlab/cluster.yaml
TODO, see for details
Startup¶
Starting cluster
ray up -vvvv ~/pistarlab/cluster.yaml
Launch piSTAR Lab on head node
python pistarlab/launcher.py --ray_address="IP_ADDRESS:6379"
Install extensions on nodes¶
ray exec $HOME/pistarlab/cluster.yaml "pip install --user -e /home/pistarlabuser/app/pistarlab/extensions/pistarlab-envs-gym-main"
Sync Data with Nodes¶
Before each task run
ray rsync-up -vvv ~/pistarlab/cluster.yaml
After each task (or as needed)
ray rsync-down -vvv ~/pistarlab/cluster.yaml /home/pistarlabuser/pistarlab/data/ $HOME/pistarlab/data/


This is a simple form and mathematical result test
Distance Driven (km):
Fuel Consumed (L):
Cost of Fuel/Litre: ₹


import { isArray } from "../utils"
import { ERR_EXPECT_PATTERN } from "../vm"
import { isArray } from "../utils"
import { ERR_EXPECT_PATTERN } from "../vm"
This plugin adds language compatibility to the previous version
Given an instrument name, returns a command that play that instrument
const voice = name => ({ operations }) => {
operations.push([name, "voice", "@let", "@play"])
}
const voiceNote = (name, p1, p2) => ({ stack, operations }) => {
operations.push(p2
? [stack.pop(), p2, "@let", stack.pop(), p1, "@let",
name, "voice", "@let", "@play"]
: [stack.pop(), p1, "@let",
name, "voice", "@let", "@play"])
}
export default function init () {
return {
get and set for freq and amp
"@set-freq": ({ context, stack }) => context.set("freq", stack.pop()),
"@set-amp": ({ context, stack }) => context.set("amp", stack.pop()),
"@get-freq": ({ stack, context }) => stack.push(context.get("freq")),
"@get-amp": ({ stack, context }) => stack.push(context.get("amp")),
I think reverse is not very useful in this context because: [“@iter”, [“@reverse”, [1, 2, 3]]] doesn”t work, for example
"@reverse": ({ operations, error }) => {
const pattern = operations.pop()
if (!isArray(pattern)) error("@reverse", ERR_EXPECT_PATTERN, pattern)
else operations.push(pattern.slice().reverse())
},
I think @map is not a good name
"@map": "@linear",
Instrument names
"@pluck": voice("pluck"),
"@pluck-note": voiceNote("pluck", "freq", "amp"),
"@bass": voice("bass"),
"@bass-note": voiceNote("bass", "freq", "amp"),
"@hat": voice("hat"),
"@hat-note": voiceNote("hat", "amp"),
"@kick": voice("kick"),
"@kick-note": voiceNote("kick", "amp"),
"@snare": voice("snare"),
"@snare-note": voiceNote("snare", "amp"),
"@conga": voice("conga"),
"@conga-note": voiceNote("conga", "amp"),
"@clave": voice("clave"),
"@clave-note": voiceNote("clave", "amp"),
"@tom": voice("tom"),
"@tom-note": voiceNote("tom", "amp"),
}
}


Created by Tanjona R. Rabemananjara
The following gives a brief introduction and tutorial on how one can use this template to create easy and quick but still eye-appealing slides. Currently, LaTeX-Beamer is still the go-to document preparation system when it comes to writing slides, especially in the scientific community. Hence, this template aims to achieve two things:
One of the most useful features of reveal.js is the fact that one can add vertical slides. This would be usedful when it comes to regrouping ideas. This can be achieved by just adding a section tag inside the section as follows:

Vertical Slide 1

Vertical Slide 2

One can even highlight specific lines.

Vertical Slide 1

Vertical Slide 2

Perhaps one of the main advantages of reveal-js over Beamer is the fact that one can add videos.
Writing mathematical expressions is also simple.
\[\begin{aligned}
x & = a_1 (\text{mod} \: n_1)
x & = a_2 (\text{mod} \: n_2)
x & = a_3 (\text{mod} \: n_3)
\end{aligned} \]
The above translates into the following:
\[\begin{aligned} x & \equiv a_1 (\text{mod} \: n_1) \\ x & \equiv a_2 (\text{mod} \: n_2) \\ x & \equiv a_3 (\text{mod} \: n_3) \\ \end{aligned} \]


- 1. Application Name: My favorite sports and teams
- 2. Team Delivering the application: Trey Viramontes
- 3. Last Updated: Sprint 5, 11/8/2020
- 4. This application will be similar to getting to know you. However, i plan to make tabs with links to a new section. I will have 4-5 tabs with my favorite teams from 4 different sports. Baseball will include the Chicago Cubs. Football the Dallas Cowboys. Basketball will have a few teams, the Detroit Pistons, and the Los Angeles Lakers. Soccer will include the Chicago Red Stars, and the USWNT.
- 5. Desired features
- -Tabs for each team/sport
- -History of the teams, accomplishments etc.
- -Notable Players
- -Different color schemes on each tab depending on the team colors
- 6. Features that will not be included due to time
- - Interactive features that could ask about the users favorite teams
- -highlight/video components
- 7. Languages/platforms used
- -HTML on visual studio
- -github
- -azure
- 8. technical features being implemented that demonstrates things you have learned in the class
- -HTML web page development
- 9.technical features being implemented that go beyond what we learned in class
- -creating different tabs to show multiple pages for different teams
Update: So far I know what i will be including on the page and how to get most of it done. However, adding the different tabs is something that I am not sure how to do yet, and something I will still need to research.


url: http://localhost:8002/?action=stream
user: U$eR
pass: Pa$$
url: http://localhost:8003/?action=stream
user: U$eR
pass: Pa$$
url: http://localhost:8002/?action=stream
user: U$eR
pass: Pa$$
url: http://localhost:8003/?action=stream
user: U$eR
pass: Pa$$


Uniter PHP Sliders Demo
The logic for this page is written entirely in PHP, see
Sliders
for a look at the php code.
Up Slider
Toggle Slider
Down Slider
Back To Home


The Wumpus World
Rules!
New game!
Player
Wumpus
Bottomless Pit
Gold
Welcome!
Click on a valid sqaure to begin!


FishyGuts
09-Oct-18 07:20 AM
I gotta go to bed now, waking up early tomorrow.
It's an application for a listing... but it's a startup thing, it's new for binance or anyone.
Hoping to get some eager eyes on the project.
So any ideas, edits or additional things to add would be much appreciated.
I am going to bed so I will catch up on the critiques in the am.
Also, please feel free to take any of this info and go write articles about it.
I am reaching out today to discuss finding a way to make something happen that has yet to be done. You are the only team I want to reach out to first because time is valuable and I feel like I would waste a lot of it contacting inferior and inexperienced exchanges .
The issue:
There is no Z coin support on any exchange that I know of. Z coin being the privacy portion of the zcash protocol.
I don’t think that AML compliance would be an issue for as being a central entity with users who login and have accounts. You would simply need to build a database for tracking the order books as to the specific user and not rely on the blockchain explorer. I honestly do not see it as a monumental task, just one that hasn’t been completed.
We are not reaching out for funding.
We have a fair amount of funding to donate to a privacy foundation as per the new philanthropic move by Binance, and if what we don’t have is enough, we could get the community to put more in. They are very supportive.
What I really want is to find out what we can do to get listed on a central exchange, preferably Binance, as this will open the doors for you guys to list other z addr coins.
With that out of the way,
We are a privacy coin on zcash parameters with a unique twist in that all transactions are z transactions… Private send only.
We have completed our protocol, and our blockchain is up and running on our new privacy coin for about 7 weeks now. We are an asset chain on Komodo, using zk-snarks for privacy and dPoW for security. The main feature of our chain is that 100% of the send transactions on the chain are forced z tx (private). This creates a pool of shielded funds.
There is no option for public sends on the blockchain.
The reason for this is simple.
Financial privacy is pivotal to us as humans, for so many reasons, and none of them nefarious.
Why should a health care provider be allowed to turn you down or charge you more for coverage because of spending habits?
Why should you feel at risk when travelling knowing a vendor could know how much money you have?
Why does any one need to know how much money you have just because it’s on the blockchain?
It’s not about hiding from governments or taxes, as onboarding and offboarding will still be subject to scrutiny and reporting.
Privacy:
The strength in the zcash privacy protocol lies in the amount of shielded coins and transactions. Currently ZEC is at 3.5% shielded. Not very strong at all. link to zec explorer showing minimal shielded transactions
By forcing all sends on our chain to be private sends, the entire pool of funds is shielded creating unrivaled privacy for users.
Since we truly believe that all other protocols are inferior in many ways…we will only talk about our strongest competitor, Monero.
In one sentence, Yes, we feel this is stronger than Monero.
- First, Zero knowledge proofs have been around for over 30 years. In 1993 the Godel prize for outstanding papers in theoretical science was awarded to the protocol paving the way for Zcash 20 years later to start working on the blockchain equivalent. Monero uses Ring Signatures, a protocol developed nearly 16 years after the first zero knowledge proof studies. And Ring CT has not even been around for 2 years.
- Second, zcash is a complete protocol. It is done. Monero is constantly reconfiguring and manipulating their code to try for increased privacy, but as the power of computers grow, the obfuscation protocol of Monero will weaken, always requiring constant upgrades.
- Third, Sapling for Zcash has released. Komodo is integrating it which will provide all the functionality to our coin, that means mobile wallets and transactions are now going to be possible because previously, they were too processor intense. Monero is constantly trying to do the same for their processor intense transactions.
(edited)
- Fourth, Monero wallet support is difficult and likely will remain so due to the limited options available. We are supported by Komodos Agama multicoin wallet which has a very friendly and easy to use interface.
In short, Monero plays the ball under the cup game with privacy. The game where you figure out which cup the ball is under out of 3 cups after they are jumbled around. Pirate funds are more like the disappearing coin trick where you make a coin disappear into thin air. The coin is still there, it’s just that nothing is known about it.
Security:
We all know that new coins are susceptible to 51% attacks and double spends. So we have countered this by using Komodo’s dPoW, dedicated proof of work, which secures a backup copy of our blockchain to every bitcoin block. If you are not familiar with how that works, here is some material from the Komodo website. * Link to KMD dPoW page*
On top of that, after only 7 weeks of launch, we are the 3rd highest hash rate of all equihash coins. At 120 MS/s, that is pretty much unheard of for hash growth that quickly. So we are already at more than half the hashrate of ZEN and more than 5% of ZEC hashrates… which is great, but almost irrelevant with Komodo’s dPoW.
The coin itself provides security when interacting with vendors or other parties by providing you financial anonymity.
Development:
All in all, I can’t see how this coin and protocol would not be a competitor as a top privacy coin and I really want to try to get it listed on exchanges to help with adoption and useage in the marketplace.
(edited)
- We are in the process of coding an onboarding program for new pirates to the chain, which in an of it self is pretty revolutionary and proprietary for now.
We are working to gamify the interface portal, giving users a chance to earn crypto without buying in with FIAT. Once that happens, these users will need exchanges to trade into BTC and other coins if they want.
- We have 2 webshop plugins being developed for our coin, but exchange support is a big missing piece… otherwise we have to use an OTC price estimate which is possibly open to manipulation.
- We have just been added to our first mining calculator and should be on 2 more in the next week or two and then bigger ones once we have exchange support.
- We will be running a $10,000 advertisement campaign monthly over the next few months.
- A trading promo would be fantastic and we would be able to discuss providing a prize for this.
- The biggest plus we feel, The Komodo team is 100% on board with helping our development. They are helping us build a centralized exchange based on the peatio code. I would rather have them not waste time with that and get us on a real and reputable exchange.
All in all I think this is a great project and I am willing to work with you and your team in WHATEVER fashion is needed to get this launched.
I cannot tell you how excited I am to hear from your team.
JL777 the Komodo founder suggested I reach out to Binance and ONLY binance first, but I think the BinanceLabs are what we need.
Thank you for your time,
Ryan aka FishyGuts


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Educators can directly connect to professionals in their community working in the specific subject they are teaching.
Get students engaged by taking a poll of which subject they carry interest in, connect them to Mentors, and work on real projects by using the skills from the class.
Admin dashboards can access mentor profiles that include their job, open schedule and possible projects they could do with students.


In version 4.4 PAGE extends its menu support to the creation of context or popup menus. Thus, PAGE now supports menu bars in toplevel widgets and popup menus that can be associated with either the toplevel widgets or widgets contained within the toplevel widget. In order to support context menus, it was necessary to resort to a couple of conventions or hacks which I will discuss later.
In previous versions of PAGE, I had partially supported ttk menubuttons but the more I think about them the less inclined I am to further debug them; therefore I have removed them. I have never used menubuttons nor have I even used interfaces where they have been employed. I removed it.
There is a Menu Editor which facilitates the creation and modification of all the menus for PAGE.
The menu capability that I use most is the menubar at the top of a top level window. To create such a menu bar, one selects the Toplevel widget and then invokes the Menu Editor in one of several ways (1) select <click-to-edit> menu field in the Attribute Editor, (2) right click in the Toplevel widget and select Widget->Edit Menu, (3) right click on the Toplevel widget in the Widget Tree and select Widget->Edit Menu. As you edit the menu bar you will see the menu bar changes appear in the Toplevel Widget; you will not see any of the cascade menus appear. Obviously, there can be only one menu bar per window.
To create a popup menu one selects the Popupmenu widget in the Widget Toolbar. It is required that you have created a Toplevel widget. This creates the widget which only appears in the Widget Tree. Then right click on the Popupmenu widget and select Widget->Edit Menu. You can also select the widget and the <click-to-edit> menu field in the Attribute Editor. As you edit the popup menu you will not see anything in PAGE. Associated with the GUI you can have more than one popup window and a popup window can be associated with more than one widget. The popup menus are called Popupmenu1, Popupmenu2, etc.; in turn, they are implemented in corresponding class functions called popup1, popup2, etc.
Note that while the Widget Tree shows menu bars as child widgets of a toplevel widget, context widgets are shown as child widgets of the root widget. The difference is because the context menus are associated with child widgets only by binding events, usually mouse buttons, to the widgets.
There is a special editor for creating menus. It is invoked as above.
Some of the items in a menu may be simple commands like “Quit” which invokes your quit function. Others are cascade menus like File which are sub-menu of items like “New”, “Open”, “Save”, etc. To specify an action like the “Quit” example,
To put in a cascade menu like File,
To add Open to the File menu,
Of course, you can add cascaded menus to cascaded menus, etc..
When you are all done hit the Check Button on the right.
The menu editing window is repeated below:
When adding entries to a cascade menu, that entry can be another cascade menu. See the reference to the example below.
When creating a menu, one can start by adding either commands which is most common case or a cascade menu which leads to a second level menu. Some of the Tcl/Tk documentation for menus bars say that one should only place cascade items in the menu bar. However, I have found it useful and intuitive to have all kinds of items in the menu bar.
I have modified the Menu Editor to allow one to change various colors of individual menu items as well as the fonts for individual items. Then it occurred to me that one should be able to set preferences for default values of menu fonts and foreground and background colors. I have modified the Preference processing to do that. I have not allowed one to set preferences for active foreground or background values. The net setting are in the Fonts and Colors tabs; in the main PAGE menu go to File->Preferences...->Fonts or File->Preferences...->Colors.
Points about adding images to menu entries:
I have included menu.tcl in the examples subdirectory to illustrate some of the things that I have done to test the menu bar facility. Load it, generate the Python and execute it. I wrote the example to test the change in menu fonts and colors as well as having several images and several level of cascaded menus. I certainly do not advocate using weird images, colors and fonts all over the place. But you can.
I am uncertain about the best way to handle fonts in menus. PAGE now sets a variable that is used as the default menu font and that specification is forced everywhere in the menu that is not specified otherwise. However, once specified it is fixed. You cannot change it without re-specifying it everywhere it is used. I may revisit this issue.
The radio menu entry type has options “value” and “variable” which need attention. When a radio button is selected, the variable is set to value. That is, if variable is x and value is a then x is set to a, when the radio button is selected. The way the menu editor works is that when a radio entry is added to a menu, the label and value are set to “NewRadio” and the variable is set to “selectedButton”. If you wish to use the variable setting then you must change the variable to a different value, one you wish to use. PAGE will change create the correct Tkinter Variable Class of type string. It will also threat the value of the value field as a string constant. Change that field to a value that works with your application. Bare in mind that with radio entries in a menu they must all share a singe variable.
The Check menu entry type has options “onvalue”, “offvalue”, and “variable” much like radio entries. The main difference is that the check entry expects that each entry will have its own variable; they are not shared. Again, the PAGE implements the variables as StringVar objects and “onvalue” and “offvalue” as string constants. The variable stuff associated with menus can be bypassed by specifying distinct functions in the command options or by passing distinct parameters to the command function using the lambda function.
To modify a menu bar, one needs to open the Menu Editor for the menu bar. That can be done several ways.
One way to open the Menu Editor is to select the Menu widget in the Widget Tree with Button-1 then select the <click-to-edit> field in the Attribute Editor window. The Attribute Editor can also be used to change the menu font, menu colors, etc.
Another way is to select the Menu Widget in the Widget Tree with Button-3. Then select Widget->Edit Menu....
Yet another way way is to select the Toplevel widget and then the <click-to-edit> field next to the menu label in the Attribute Editor.
Also, select the Toplevel widget in the Widget Tree with Button-3, then Widget->Edit Menu Bar.
The final topic to cover is the binding of popup menus to individual widgets. Context widgets are activated by mouse events bound to particular widgets. The Tk documentation discusses bindings of mouse events to widgets for different OS’s and PAGE attempts to follow those conventions. I suppose that other events could also cause a context menu to popup but I have not enabled them. In fact, if the user binds any event to a popup callback function, the recommended menu buttons conventions will be applied. This is one of the above mentioned hacks. Note that a GUI may have more that one context menu and also more that one widget may be bound to a context menu. As an example, I wrote a photo album application which displays a number of thumbnail images each of which can invoke the same popup menu.
PAGE implements the callback functions for popups as class methods of the toplevel class because these functions are generated by PAGE. Other callback functions are generated as skeletal functions in the support module. Callback functions for context menus and the menus themselves have special names. The context menus have PAGE generated names like Popupmenu1, Popupmenu2, etc. and the containing callback functions are popup1, popup2, etc. The latter names are reserved for pupup callback functions. This is part of the hack mentioned in the last paragraph. Since there is a close relation between the menu names and callback names, Popupmenu<n> and popup<n>, do not modify menu aliases.
If a popup menu is bound to a widget it is applicable for all subwidgets of that widget. So if you bind a popup menu to the toplevel widget and also bind another popup menu to a subwidget, say a button then hitting the popup button, Button-3 for Linux, both menus will popup.
Enter search terms or a module, class or function name.


|
|
std::ostream & | operator<< (std::ostream &os, Slice const &rhs) |
| |
◆ Slice()
| Slice::Slice |
( |
const std::string & |
name | ) |
|
Constructor for an unplaced Slice.
- Parameters
-
◆ get_name()
| const std::string & Slice::get_name |
( |
| ) |
const |
- Returns
- Name of the slice.
◆ get_primitive_site()
- Returns
- Pointer to the PrimitiveSite the slice is currently placed on.
◆ is_placed()
| bool Slice::is_placed |
( |
| ) |
const |
◆ set_name()
| void Slice::set_name |
( |
const std::string & |
n | ) |
|
◆ set_placed()
| void Slice::set_placed |
( |
bool |
placed | ) |
|
- Parameters
-
| placed | New placement status of the slice. |
◆ set_primitive_site()
Sets the PrimitiveSite of the slice and updates the placed status.
- Parameters
-
◆ _attributes
| std::map<std::string, std::string> Slice::_attributes |
|
protected |
◆ _name
◆ _placed
True if the slice has a primitive site.
◆ _primitive_site
Primitive site this slice is placed on.
The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:


| Book of Mormon |
Annotations |
|
The words of Alma, and also the words of Amulek, which
were declared unto the people who were in the land of Ammonihah. And also
they are cast into prison, and delivered by the miraculous power of God which
was in them, according to the record of Alma.
Comprising chapters 9 through 14.
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Chapter 9
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1 And again, I, Alma, having been commanded of God that I
should take Amulek and go forth and preach again unto this people, or the
people who were in the city of Ammonihah, it came to pass as I began to
preach unto them, they began to contend with me, saying:
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2 Who art thou? Suppose ye that we shall believe the
testimony of one man, although he should preach unto us that the earth should
pass away?
|
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3 Now they understood not the words which they spake; for
they knew not that the earth should pass away.
|
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4 And they said also: We will not believe thy words if
thou shouldst prophesy that this great city should be destroyed in one day.
|
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5 Now they knew not that God could do such marvelous
works, for they were a hard-hearted and a stiffnecked people.
|
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6 And they said: Who is God, that sendeth no more
authority than one man among this people, to declare unto them the truth of
such great and marvelous things?
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7 And they stood forth to lay their hands on me; but
behold, they did not. And I stood with boldness to declare unto them, yea, I
did boldly testify unto them, saying:
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8 Behold, O ye wicked and perverse generation, how have ye
forgotten the tradition of your fathers; yea, how soon ye have forgotten the
commandments of God.
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9 Do ye not remember that our father, Lehi, was brought
out of Jerusalem by the hand of God? Do ye not remember that they were all
led by him through the wilderness?
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10 And have ye forgotten so soon how many times he
delivered our fathers out of the hands of their enemies, and preserved them
from being destroyed, even by the hands of their own brethren?
|
Sometimes when the problem of evil is expressed,
apologists will argue that God allows evil to be perpetrated because he
values moral agency so much that he will not intercede on behalf of the
victim out of respect for the agency of the perpetrator.
Hopefully most will find this idea of unwillingness to intercede repugnant
without further explanation. However, for those needing more explanation,
notice that this verse explains that God is willing to intercede on behalf of
a potential victim without regard to the moral agency of a would-be
perpetrator.
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11 Yea, and if it had not been for his matchless power,
and his mercy, and his long-suffering towards us, we should unavoidably have
been cut off from the face of the earth long before this period of time, and
perhaps been consigned to a state of endless misery and woe.
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12 Behold, now I say unto you that he commandeth you to
repent; and except ye repent, ye can in nowise inherit the kingdom of God.
  Now we see that the word of the Lord has been
verified in this thing, and the Lamanites have been cut off from his
presence, from the beginning of their transgressions in the land.
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15 Nevertheless I say unto you, that it shall be more
tolerable for them in the day of judgment than for you, if ye remain in your
sins, yea, and even more tolerable for them in this life than for you, except
ye repent.
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16 For there are many promises which are extended to the
Lamanites; for it is because of the traditions of their fathers that caused
them to remain in their state of ignorance; therefore the Lord will be
merciful unto them and prolong their existence in the land.
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17 And at some period of time they will be brought to
believe in his word, and to know of the incorrectness of the traditions of
their fathers; and many of them will be saved, for the Lord will be merciful
unto all who call on his name.
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18 But behold, I say unto you that if ye persist in your
wickedness that your days shall not be prolonged in the land, for the
Lamanites shall be sent upon you; and if ye repent not they shall come in a
time when you know not, and ye shall be visited with utter destruction; and
it shall be according to the fierce anger of the Lord.
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19 For he will not suffer you that ye shall live in your
iniquities, to destroy his people. I say unto you, Nay; he would rather
suffer that the Lamanites might destroy all his people who are called the
people of Nephi, if it were possible that they could fall into sins and transgressions,
after having had so much light and so much knowledge given unto them of the
Lord their God;
|
Sometimes when the problem of evil is expressed,
apologists will argue that God allows evil to be perpetrated because he
values moral agency so much that he will not intercede on behalf of the
victim out of respect for the agency of the perpetrator.
Hopefully most will find this idea of unwillingness to intercede repugnant
without further explanation. However, for those needing more explanation,
notice that this verse explains that God is willing to intercede on behalf of
a potential victim without regard to the moral agency of a would-be
perpetrator.
|
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20 Yea, after having been such a highly favored people of
the Lord; yea, after having been favored above every other nation, kindred,
tongue, or people; after having had all things made known unto them,
according to their desires, and their faith, and prayers, of that which has
been, and which is, and which is to come;
|
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21 Having been visited by the Spirit of God; having
conversed with angels, and having been spoken unto by the voice of the Lord;
and having the spirit of prophecy, and the spirit of revelation, and also
many gifts, the gift of speaking with tongues, and the gift of preaching, and
the gift of the Holy Ghost, and the gift of translation;
|
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22 Yea, and after having been delivered of God out of the
land of Jerusalem, by the hand of the Lord; having been saved from famine,
and from sickness, and all manner of diseases of every kind; and they having
waxed strong in battle, that they might not be destroyed; having been brought
out of bondage time after time, and having been kept and preserved until now;
and they have been prospered until they are rich in all manner of things—
|
Sometimes when the problem of evil is expressed,
apologists will argue that God allows evil to be perpetrated because he
values moral agency so much that he will not intercede on behalf of the
victim out of respect for the agency of the perpetrator.
Hopefully most will find this idea of unwillingness to intercede repugnant
without further explanation. However, for those needing more explanation,
notice that this verse explains that God is willing to intercede on behalf of
a potential victim without regard to the moral agency of a would-be
perpetrator.
|
|
23 And now behold I say unto you, that if this people, who
have received so many blessings from the hand of the Lord, should transgress
contrary to the light and knowledge which they do have, I say unto you that
if this be the case, that if they should fall into transgression, it would be
far more tolerable for the Lamanites than for them.
|
|
|
24 For behold, the promises of the Lord are extended to
the Lamanites, but they are not unto you if ye transgress; for has not the
Lord expressly promised and firmly decreed, that if ye will rebel against him
that ye shall utterly be destroyed from off the face of the earth?
|
|
|
25 And now for this cause, that ye may not be destroyed,
the Lord has sent his angel to visit many of his people, declaring unto them
that they must go forth and cry mightily unto this people, saying: Repent ye,
for the kingdom of heaven is nigh at hand;
|
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26 And not many days hence the Son of God shall come in
his glory; and his glory shall be the glory of the Only Begotten of the
Father, full of grace, equity, and truth, full of patience, mercy, and
long-suffering, quick to hear the cries of his people and to answer their
prayers.
|
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27 And behold, he cometh to redeem those who will be
baptized unto repentance, through faith on his name.
|
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28 Therefore, prepare ye the way of the Lord, for the time
is at hand that all men shall reap a reward of their works, according to that
which they have been—if they have been righteous they shall reap the
salvation of their souls, according to the power and deliverance of Jesus
Christ; and if they have been evil they shall reap the damnation of their
souls, according to the power and captivation of the devil.
|
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29 Now behold, this is the voice of the angel, crying unto
the people.
|
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30 And now, my beloved brethren, for ye are my brethren,
and ye ought to be beloved, and ye ought to bring forth works which are meet
for repentance, seeing that your hearts have been grossly hardened against
the word of God, and seeing that ye are a lost and a fallen people.
|
|
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31 Now it came to pass that when I, Alma, had spoken these
words, behold, the people were wroth with me because I said unto them that
they were a hard-hearted and a stiffnecked people.
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Alma 9:31-32
If that was the language he actually used with them, is it
any wonder they were angry with him and he did not seem to have the influence
on them he may have wanted? Of course, if this is from a record engraved on
metal plates, one could understand a brief summary that sounds harsher than
the words actually used in the situation.
|
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32 And also because I said unto them that they were a
lost and a fallen people they were angry with me, and sought to lay their
hands upon me, that they might cast me into prison.
|
Annotation for Alma 9:31-32 above
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33 But it came to pass that the Lord did not suffer them
that they should take me at that time and cast me into prison.
|
Sometimes when the problem of evil is expressed,
apologists will argue that God allows evil to be perpetrated because he
values moral agency so much that he will not intercede on behalf of the
victim out of respect for the agency of the perpetrator.
Hopefully most will find this idea of unwillingness to intercede repugnant
without further explanation. However, for those needing more explanation,
notice that this verse explains that God is willing to intercede on behalf of
a potential victim without regard to the moral agency of a would-be
perpetrator.
|
|
34 And it came to pass that Amulek went and stood forth,
and began to preach unto them also. And now the words of Amulek are not all
written, nevertheless a part of his words are written in this book.
|
|


Note
Click here to download the full example code
2D Robot Localization on Real Data¶
Goals of this script:
apply the UKF for the 2D robot localization example on real data.
We assume the reader is already familiar with the considered problem described in the tutorial.
We address the same problem as described in the tutorial on our own data.
Import¶
from ukfm import LOCALIZATION as MODEL
import ukfm
import numpy as np
import matplotlib
ukfm.utils.set_matplotlib_config()
Model and Data¶
This script uses the LOCALIZATION()
model.
Instead of creating data, we load recorded data. We have recorded five sequences (sequence 2 and 3 are the more interesting).
# sequence number
n_sequence = 3
# GPS frequency (Hz)
gps_freq = 2
# GPS noise standard deviation (m)
gps_std = 0.1
# load data
states, omegas, ys, one_hot_ys, t = MODEL.load(n_sequence, gps_freq, gps_std)
Data has been obtained in an experiment conducted at the Centre for Robotics, MINES ParisTech. We used a so-called Wifibot, which is a small wheeled robot equipped with independent odometers on the left and right wheels, see figure. A set of seven highly precise cameras, the OptiTrack motion capture system, provide the reference trajectory (ground truth) with sub-millimeter precision at a rate of 120 Hz.
We define noise odometry standard deviation for the filter.
odo_std = np.array([0.15, # longitudinal speed
0.05, # transverse shift speed
0.15]) # differential odometry
Filter Design¶
We embed here the state in \(SE(2)\) with left multiplication, i.e.
the retraction \(\varphi(.,.)\) is the \(SE(2)\) exponential, where the state multiplies on the left the uncertainty \(\boldsymbol{\xi}\).
the inverse retraction \(\varphi^{-1}_.(.)\) is the \(SE(2)\) logarithm.
We define the filter parameters based on the model parameters.
# propagation noise covariance matrix
Q = np.diag(odo_std ** 2)
# measurement noise covariance matrix
R = gps_std ** 2 * np.eye(2)
# sigma point parameters
alpha = np.array([1e-3, 1e-3, 1e-3])
Filter Initialization¶
We initialize the filter with the true state plus an initial heading error of 30°, and set corresponding initial covariance matrices.
# "add" orientation error to the initial state
SO2 = ukfm.SO2
state0 = MODEL.STATE(Rot=states[0].Rot.dot(SO2.exp(30/180*np.pi)),
p=states[0].p)
# initial state uncertainty covariance matrix
P0 = np.zeros((3, 3))
# The state is not perfectly initialized
P0[0, 0] = (30/180*np.pi)**2
We define the filter as an instance of the UKF
class.
ukf = ukfm.UKF(state0=state0, # initial state
P0=P0, # initial covariance
f=MODEL.f, # propagation model
h=MODEL.h, # observation model
Q=Q, # process noise covariance
R=R, # observation noise covariance
phi=MODEL.left_phi, # retraction function
phi_inv=MODEL.left_phi_inv, # inverse retraction function
alpha=alpha # sigma point parameters
)
Before launching the filter, we set a list for recording estimates along the full trajectory and a 3D array to record covariance estimates.
N = t.shape[0]
ukf_states = [ukf.state]
ukf_Ps = np.zeros((N, 3, 3))
ukf_Ps[0] = ukf.P
Filtering¶
The UKF proceeds as a standard Kalman filter with a for loop.
# measurement iteration number (first measurement is for n == 0)
k = 1
for n in range(1, N):
# propagation
dt = t[n] - t[n-1]
ukf.propagation(omegas[n-1], dt)
# update only if a measurement is received
if one_hot_ys[n] == 1:
ukf.update(ys[k])
k += 1
# save estimates
ukf_states.append(ukf.state)
ukf_Ps[n] = ukf.P
Results¶
We plot the trajectory, the measurements and the estimated trajectory. We then plot the position and orientation error with 95% (\(3\sigma\)) confident interval.
MODEL.plot_wifibot(ukf_states, ukf_Ps, states, ys, t)
All results are coherent. This is convincing as the initial heading error is relatively high.
Conclusion¶
This script applies the UKF for localizing a robot on real data. The filter works well on this localization problem on real data, with moderate initial heading error.
You can now:
test the UKF on different sequences.
address the UKF for the same problem with range and bearing measurements of known landmarks.
Total running time of the script: ( 0 minutes 7.655 seconds)