KILLALL5
Section: Linux System Administrator's Manual (8)Updated: 04 Nov 2003
Index Return to Main Contents
NAME
killall5 -- send a signal to all processes.SYNOPSIS
killall5 -signalnumber [-o omitpid] [-o omitpid..]DESCRIPTION
killall5 is the SystemV killall command. It sends a signal to all processes except kernel threads and the processes in its own session, so it won't kill the shell that is running the script it was called from. Its primary (only) use is in the rc scripts found in the /etc/init.d directory.OPTIONS
- -o omitpid
- Tells killall5 to omit processes with that process id.
NOTES
killall5 can also be invoked as pidof, which is simply a (symbolic) link to the killall5 program.EXIT STATUS
The program return zero if it killed processes. It return 2 if no process were killed, and 1 if it was unable to find any processes (/proc/ is missing).SEE ALSO
halt(8), reboot(8), pidof(8)AUTHOR
Miquel van Smoorenburg<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Index
This document was created by man2html, using the manual pages.
Time: 05:34:26 GMT, December 24, 2015


Source code for tau.cf.target.host
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# Copyright (c) 2015, ParaTools, Inc.
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# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
# (1) Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
# (2) Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
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# be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
# specific prior written permission.
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# FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
# DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
# SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
# CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
# OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
#
"""Target host hardware and software detection and defaults."""
import os
import platform
from tau import logger
from tau.error import ConfigurationError
from tau.cf.target import Architecture, TauArch, OperatingSystem
from tau.cf.target import IBM_BGP_ARCH, IBM_BGQ_ARCH, CRAY_CNL_OS, IBM_CNK_OS
from tau.cf.compiler.installed import InstalledCompilerFamily
LOGGER = logger.get_logger(__name__)
[docs]def architecture():
"""Detect the host's architecture.
Mostly relies on Python's platform module but may also probe
environment variables and file systems in cases where the arch
isn't immediately known to Python. These tests may be expensive
so the detected value is cached to improve performance.
Returns:
Architecture: The matching architecture description.
Raises:
ConfigurationError: Host architecture not supported.
"""
try:
inst = architecture.inst
except AttributeError:
if os.path.exists("/bgsys/drivers/ppcfloor/gnu-linux/bin/powerpc-bgp-linux-gcc"):
inst = IBM_BGP_ARCH
elif os.path.exists("/bgsys/drivers/ppcfloor/gnu-linux/bin/powerpc64-bgq-linux-gcc"):
inst = IBM_BGQ_ARCH
else:
python_arch = platform.machine()
try:
inst = Architecture.find(python_arch)
except KeyError:
raise ConfigurationError("Host architecture '%s' is not yet supported" % python_arch)
architecture.inst = inst
return inst
[docs]def operating_system():
"""Detect the host's operating system.
Mostly relies on Python's platform module but may also probe
environment variables and file systems in cases where the arch
isn't immediately known to Python. These tests may be expensive
so the detected value is cached to improve performance.
Returns:
OperatingSystem: The matching operating system description.
Raises:
ConfigurationError: Host operating system not supported.
"""
try:
inst = operating_system.inst
except AttributeError:
arch = architecture()
if 'CRAYOS_VERSION' in os.environ or 'PE_ENV' in os.environ:
inst = CRAY_CNL_OS
elif arch in [IBM_BGP_ARCH, IBM_BGQ_ARCH]:
inst = IBM_CNK_OS
else:
python_os = platform.system()
try:
inst = OperatingSystem.find(python_os)
except KeyError:
raise ConfigurationError("Host operating system '%s' is not yet supported" % python_os)
operating_system.inst = inst
return inst
[docs]def tau_arch():
"""Detect the TAU architecture "magic keyword" that matches the host.
Mostly relies on Python's platform module but may also probe
environment variables and file systems in cases where the arch
isn't immediately known to Python. These tests may be expensive
so the detected value is cached to improve performance.
Returns:
TauArch: The matching tau architecture description.
Raises:
ConfigurationError: Host architecture or operating system not supported.
"""
try:
inst = tau_arch.inst
except AttributeError:
host_arch = architecture()
host_os = operating_system()
try:
inst = TauArch.get(host_arch, host_os)
except KeyError:
raise ConfigurationError("%s on %s is not supported." % (host_os, host_arch))
tau_arch.inst = inst
return inst
[docs]def preferred_compilers():
"""Get the preferred compiler family for the host architecture.
May probe environment variables and file systems in cases where the arch
isn't immediately known to Python. These tests may be expensive so the
detected value is cached to improve performance.
Returns:
CompilerFamily: The host's preferred compiler family.
"""
try:
inst = preferred_compilers.inst
except AttributeError:
from tau.cf.compiler import IBM_COMPILERS, GNU_COMPILERS, CRAY_COMPILERS
host_tau_arch = tau_arch()
if host_tau_arch == 'craycnl':
LOGGER.debug("Prefering Cray compiler wrappers")
inst = CRAY_COMPILERS
elif host_tau_arch in ['bgp', 'bgq']:
LOGGER.debug("Prefering IBM compilers")
inst = IBM_COMPILERS
else:
LOGGER.debug("No preferred compilers for '%s'", host_tau_arch)
inst = GNU_COMPILERS
preferred_compilers.inst = inst
return inst
[docs]def preferred_mpi_compilers():
"""Get the preferred MPI compiler family for the host architecture.
May probe environment variables and file systems in cases where the arch
isn't immediately known to Python. These tests may be expensive so the
detected value is cached to improve performance.
Returns:
MpiCompilerFamily: The host's preferred compiler family.
"""
try:
inst = preferred_mpi_compilers.inst
except AttributeError:
from tau.cf.compiler.mpi import IBM_MPI_COMPILERS, CRAY_MPI_COMPILERS, SYSTEM_MPI_COMPILERS
host_tau_arch = tau_arch()
if host_tau_arch == 'craycnl':
LOGGER.debug("Prefering Cray MPI compilers")
inst = CRAY_MPI_COMPILERS
elif host_tau_arch in ['bgp', 'bgq']:
LOGGER.debug("Prefering IBM MPI compilers")
inst = IBM_MPI_COMPILERS
else:
LOGGER.debug("No preferred MPI compilers for '%s'", host_tau_arch)
inst = SYSTEM_MPI_COMPILERS
preferred_mpi_compilers.inst = inst
return inst
[docs]def default_compilers():
"""Get the default installed compilers for the host.
This is most likely the installation of the host's preferred compilers,
(see :any:`preferred_compilers`) but if those compilers are not installed
then it will be an installation of any known compiler family. May probe
environment variables and file systems in cases where the arch isn't
immediately known to Python. These tests may be expensive so the detected
value is cached to improve performance.
Raises:
ConfigurationError: No recognized compilers are installed.
Returns:
InstalledCompilerFamily: The default compilers.
"""
try:
inst = default_compilers.inst
except AttributeError:
from tau.cf.compiler import CompilerFamily
LOGGER.debug("Detecting default host compilers")
# CompilerFamily.all() returns the host's preferred compilers as the first element
for family in CompilerFamily.all():
try:
inst = InstalledCompilerFamily(family)
except ConfigurationError as err:
LOGGER.debug(err)
else:
LOGGER.debug("Found a %s compiler installation", family.name)
default_compilers.inst = inst
break
else:
raise ConfigurationError("No recognized compilers installed.")
return inst
[docs]def default_mpi_compilers():
"""Get the default installed MPI compilers for the host.
This is most likely the installation of the host's preferred MPI compilers,
(see :any:`preferred_mpi_compilers`) but if those compilers are not installed
then it will be an installation of any known compiler family. May probe
environment variables and file systems in cases where the arch isn't
immediately known to Python. These tests may be expensive so the detected
value is cached to improve performance.
Raises:
ConfigurationError: No recognized compilers are installed.
Returns:
InstalledCompilerFamily: The default compilers.
"""
try:
inst = default_mpi_compilers.inst
except AttributeError:
from tau.cf.compiler.mpi import MpiCompilerFamily
LOGGER.debug("Detecting default MPI compilers")
for family in MpiCompilerFamily.all():
try:
inst = InstalledCompilerFamily(family)
except ConfigurationError as err:
LOGGER.debug(err)
else:
LOGGER.debug("Found a %s MPI compiler installation", family.name)
default_mpi_compilers.inst = inst
break
else:
raise ConfigurationError("No recognized compilers installed.")
return inst
[docs]def default_compiler(role):
"""Get the default compiler on this host for a given role.
Args:
role (CompilerRole): The role we need to fill.
Returns:
InstalledCompiler: The installed compiler that can fill the role.
Raises:
ConfigurationError: No installed compiler can fill the role.
"""
try:
return default_compilers().preferred(role)
except KeyError:
try:
return default_mpi_compilers().preferred(role)
except KeyError:
raise ConfigurationError("No installed compiler can fill the %s role" % role)


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1 It would seem, too, that the Egyptians were the first people to establish solemn assemblies, and processions, and services; the Greeks learned all that from them. I consider this proved, because the Egyptian ceremonies are manifestly very ancient, and the Greek are of recent origin.


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Chart Type
Line Chart
Line chart with ordinary data
Spline chart with ordinary data
Step chart with ordinary data
Area Chart
Area chart with ordinary data
Area-spline chart with ordinary data
Area-step chart with ordinary data
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Gauge chart with ordinary data
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Line chart with descendent timeseries data
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Line chart with timeseries data as Date object
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Chart with category axis
Chart with category data on category axis
Additional Axis
Add y2 axis
Axis Range
Set range of axis
Axis Padding
Set padding of axis
X Axis Tick
Set values for x axis
Set culling for x axis
Set fitting for x axis
Set rotation for x axis
Set range in timeseries for x axis
Default Y Domain
Set default y domain
Y Domain
Update y domain automatically
Default X Extent
Set default x extent
#
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Input Data
Columned data
Rowed data
JSON data
Data from URL
Hide data when init
Load Data
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Load timeseries data
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Custom x for all data
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Data Label
Show label on data
Show label on data with format
Data Region
Set region of data
Set region of timeseries data
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Show x/y grids
Show x/y grids with timeseries
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Show regions with timeseries
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Tooltip
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Show tooltip as each data
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Specify the element binded
Padding
Change padding of chart
Auto padding when chart updated
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Show text when empty data
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Change radius of data point
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Disable zero-based y domain
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Disable zero-based y domain
#
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Zoom
Enable zoom
Zoom on category axis
Zoom with reduction
Callback on zoom
Subchart
Show subchart
Callback on brush
Selection
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Flow timeseries data
Axis
Update axis range
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Grid
Update x grid lines
Update y grid lines
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Transform
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Access svg element of chart
Data
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RequireJS
Load by RequireJS


| Component | Specifications |
| CPU | Intel Core i5-4570k (overclocked to 4.4GHz) |
| CPU Cooler | NZXT Kraken X60 98.3 CFM Liquid CPU Cooler |
| Motherboard | Asus Z87-Plus ATX LGA1150 Motherboard |
| Memory | G.Skill Ripjaws Series 8GB (2 x 4GB) DDR3-1600 Memory |
| Storage | Western Digital Caviar Black 2TB 3.5" 7200RPM Internal Hard Drive |
| Video Card | Asus GeForce GTX 970 4GB STRIX Video Card |
| Operating System | GNU/Linux |


Public API
This section of the documentation details the public API usable to get details of projects, builds, versions and other details from Read the Docs.
This section of the documentation details the public API usable to get details of projects, builds, versions and other details from Read the Docs.


Major: Signal and Information Processing
Thesis: Research on optical en/decoding techniques in secure optical communication
Supervisor: Dr. Bo Dai
Grade: 83.5/100
Major: Information Processing
Thesis: Space keying shift based MIMO wireless communication system
• Invented a microplate reader for point of care testing of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA).
• Designed the electrical hardware of the microplate reader.
• Programmed and debugged the bundled Windows application for the microplate reader using C# and programmed its core algorithm based on artificial neural network.
• Jointly designed and fabricated the microlens array for light coupling.
• Designed and experimentally set up a repetition-rate/center wavelength tunable pulse generator system for the high-speed (>20 Gbit/s) optical communication system.
• Theoretically validated the enhancement of confidentiality in overlapping en/decoding scheme based system.
Entries name: Microplate reader covering the entire visible spectrum.
Entries name: Audio power amplifier with howling detection and suppression.
Associated director of Engineering center of the Ministry of Education for Optical Instrument and System,
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology.
E-mail<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Director of Science and Technology Department,
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology.
E-mail: dwzhang@usst.edu.cn


Install a Condor or SGE pool on your compute cluster. Consult the appropriate documentation for the same. Note that we don't currently stage and input and output files; hence, the machines should support a shared file system, such as NFS. Also note that Condor doesn't support parallel execution using any recent version of MPI. If you plan to configure parallel execution, use SGE instead.
Access to the schedulers is provided in one of two ways - using the DRMAA API, or the Globus Toolkit. Depending upon your setup, follow one of the following two sets of steps. In practice, it is probably easier to set up access via DRMAA if your scheduler supports the same.
1. Ensure that your scheduler supports job submission via the DRMAA API. Also ensure that libdrmaa.so is in your library path (by setting the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable). We have only tested job submissions to SGE 6.x.
2. Set the following properties inside the opal.properties file: drmaa.use to true, and drmaa.pe to the name of the parallel environment (PE) to be used to submit parallel jobs. You can ignore drmaa.pe if you do not plan on supporting parallel jobs.
3. Reinstall Opal by running the following command:
ant -f build-opal.xml install
4. Restart Tomcat for the changes to take effect.
1. Install Globus (especially the Globus gatekeeper) on the head node of the cluster. We use Globus GRAM to communicate programmatically with Condor/SGE. To enable this, make sure that you have also installed the Condor/SGE job-manager. Follow the documentation for this on the Globus web site. You may install any version of Globus as long as you can submit jobs to Condor/SGE via GRAM (and the Java CoG Kit). We use Globus version 3.2.0 on our cluster.
Ensure that you can submit jobs to Condor/SGE via Globus, especially using the certificate/key-pair of the Tomcat server (described in security.html). You can do this by following these steps:
Copy app_service.cert.pem (the certificate file) to app_service.all.pem.
Edit app_service.all.pem, and strip out everything excluding the region between the lines -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- and -----END CERTIFICATE-----. Leave those two lines in.
Append the app_service.privkey (the unencrypted private key) to the contents of app_service.all.pem.
Set the X509_USER_PROXY environment variable to the location of app_service.all.pem.
Submit a test job using the above proxy to the Condor job-manager as follows: globus-job-run "hostname:2119/jobmanager-condor" "/bin/ls". If you are using SGE, use "hostname:2119/jobmanager-sge".
If this above job succeeds, then Globus/Condor(SGE) can be used for scheduling purposes. You will have to add an entry into the grid-mapfile of the Globus installation (usually inside the /etc/grid-security directory) to authorize the service to launch jobs as follows: "/C=US/O=grid-devel/OU=sdsc/CN=app_service" app_user. Replace the value within quotes with the DN for the app_service.cert.pem. You can get the DN by running: grid-cert-info -subject -file app_service.cert.pem.
You may also have to add the CA cert and signing policy of the above certificate into the list of trusted certificates for the Globus installation (usually inside the /etc/grid-security/certificates directory).
You may also want to check if you can submit parallel jobs via Globus. You can do so by running something like this: globusrun -o -r hostname:2119/jobmanager-sge "&(executable=<my_mpi_exec>)(count=n)(jobtype=mpi)". Replace <my_mpi_exec> with some valid MPI executable, and replace count with a valid number of processes for your executable
2. Set the following properties inside the opal.properties file: drmaa.use to false, globus.use to true, globus.gatekeeper to the URL for the Globus/Condor(SGE) gatekeeper, globus.service_cert to the location of the server certificate, globus.service_privkey to the location of the server's unencrypted private key. If drmaa.use is set to true or globus.use is set to false, then all Globus specific properties are ignored.
3. Reinstall Opal by running the following command:
ant -f build-opal.xml install
4. Restart Tomcat for the changes to take effect.


Abstract Thinking About Consensus Systems
Transcript By: Bryan Bishop
Tags: Consensus
Category: Conference
Abstract thinking about consensus systems
Luke Dashjr (luke-jr)
https://twitter.com/kanzure/status/1048039485550690304
slides: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1LiGzgFXMI2zq8o9skErLcO3ET2YeQbyx/view?usp=sharing
Serialization
Blocks are usually thought of as a serialized data stream. But really these are only true on the network serialization or over the network. A different implementation of bitcoin could in theory use a different format. The format is only used on the network and the disk, not the consensus protocol. The format could actually be completely different.
Each block is identified by a single cryptographic hash and it commits to various abstract information. To verify the block, one must compute the correct hash. The block data allows you to compute the correct hash independent of what format that data is stored in. It’s all the same as long as the commitments are calculated correctly.
There’s some information required to compute the blockhash. There’s a block version, a timestamp, difficulty, arbitrary data called the nonce. Note that there’s no previous blockhash or merkle root. Those are mid-states that don’t need to be stored.
Format-independence extends to transactions as well. They are a format of sequenced bytes indicating a transfer, but really this could be formatted in any way, as long as the commitment is correctly calculated. Suppose there was a new memo field, but you wanted to make it part of the consensus rules. In segwit, the signature was moved to a new witness field. The old field must be treated as empty for validation. By requiring it to be empty, it was effectively deleted. In segwit, the commitment algorithm was modified with the new witness field and some other changes. With a soft-fork, we can add a consensus rule that the transaction is only valid if the witness field validates correctly. Also, the commitment algorithm is modified where it commits to the generation transaction’s output.
Objects vs serialisation thereof
Often when developers think of blocks, they think of a header followed by a bunch of data representing transactions. Usually that works fine, but it’s not quite accurate, and can occasionally result in some subtle, unconscious assumptions that might make things more difficult than they need to be.
In reality, blocks in this format are only ever used two places: over the network, when a node is doing the initial blockchain synchronisation, and storing the block on the disk. But neither of these are part of the consensus itself, and an implementation of Bitcoin could very well use a completely different format if desired without necessarily breaking compatibility with the rest of the community.
So what actually constitutes a block? Each block is identified by a single cryptographic hash. That hash commits to various abstract information. No matter how the block is stored or transmitted over the network, to verify the block, one must compute the correct hash. Therefore, the block itself is comprised of the information required for computing the correct hash, independently of what format that information is stored in.
Commitment algorithm
What information is needed to compute the block hash? First, we have the block version (which is actually a can of worms, but let’s not get into that now). We also have the timestamp, difficulty, and an arbitrary 32 bits called the “nonce”. These simple fields are called the block header, and are committed to simply by adding them into a SHA256 hash in a well-defined manner. But the block hash also commits to more information using two more complicated algorithms, call a block chain and a merkle tree, which provide extra functionality not relevant to this topic. Despite the additional complexity and mid-calculation hashes, at the end of the day, these are both still just committing to information.
Abstract transactions, and extending them
This extends to the transactions as well. One is tempted to just see a transaction as a sequence of formatted bytes indicating a transfer, but in reality, the transaction can be represented any way an implementer likes, so long as the commitment is correctly calculated when it is mined into a block. There are also two additional commitments needed for transactions: the transaction id, which must be calculated when spending an output created by such a transaction, and the signatures, which are calculated using an asymmetric digital signature to prove this transaction has permission to consume its inputs. But these similarly are commitments to the abstract information making up a transaction.
Since the serialisation of transactions and blocks is not relevant to the consensus system itself, let’s disregard it, and use JSON instead to look at them.
A nice property of looking at this in JSON, is that it becomes obvious that we can add new keys without disrupting anything.
For example, we could add a “memo” field.
Adding consensus-critical fields to transactions
However, what if you want to use this field in new rules?
For example, let’s look at Segwit.
The infamous problem with unintended malleability was a result of the transaction id committing to more information than the digital signature.
Specifically, the transaction id committed to the “signature” field, while the signature obviously could not commit to itself.
The solution was to add a new field, called the “witness”, and move the signature there, while requiring the old “signature” field to be empty.
By requiring the old field to be empty, it is effectively deleted, as its commitment becomes a constant.
Extending the block commitment
Unfortunately, without a commitment to the new information, an attacker can use a valid block hash to trigger the more CPU-time consuming signature validations for a block that is invalid because the final witness fails due to corruption. So, to avoid denial of service attacks, we need to have the block hash commit to any field used for validation.
Since existing nodes already calculate the block’s commitment in a specific way that does not include this new “witness” field, we need to extend the current commitment algorithm somehow. How can we do this?
Transaction outputs, including as part of the block reward, each have scripts determining the conditions under which they can be spent. These outputs also are allowed to have a value of zero bitcoins. For Segwit, we chose to increment the output count, and commit to the new information in a merkle tree as if it were 256 bits of output script data. Now, old nodes can be told of this fake “output” so they still calculate the correct block hash, whereas new nodes can implement the revised commitment algorithm.
As a result, we have cleanly replaced the “signature” field with a new “witness” field, without breaking backward compatibility, or even with any ugly hacks.
Block size vs weight
Now, going back to the distinction between the abstract information and serialisation thereof… Years ago, the infamous block size limit was introduced. This was in fact the first and only consensus rule that dealt directly with the disk serialisation of the block headers and new transactions. A lot of discussion can be found about what this block size limit should or shouldn’t be, but the real question that should have been asked is why such a concept existed in the first place. Disk space has never been a particularly limiting factor for nodes. Bandwidth has, but it is only one of many factors. Arguably the most expensive factor is the unspent transaction output (also known as “UTXO”) database, which must be kept in quickly-accessible memory, but isn’t related to block sizes at all. Therefore, while clearly there must be some resource limit, it doesn’t really make sense to have it be based on network serialisation bytes.
One particularly harmful shortcoming of this limit, is the difference in byte sizes between signatures and public keys. For Bitcoin, the typical size of a public key script, included when creating a new UTXO entry, is approximately one fourth the size of the typical signature needed to remove the entry. That means that it effectively costed four times more to reduce the burden of the UTXO set, than it did to increase the burden: a huge conflict between the burden of the system and usage incentives.
Due to the way Segwit moved the signatures out of the existing block commitment, into a new commitment, old nodes would no longer see the signatures nor count their size toward the block size limit. This created an opportunity to rebalance the limit to match the actual burdens on the network. It therefore replaced with a byte limit with an abstract “weight limit”. The weight limit was four times larger, and data serialised for old nodes would count toward the new limit as four weight units per byte, thus avoiding violating their enforced size limit. But instead of counting signatures at the same weight, since the “witness” field is new, we can count it at a lower weight. Existing fields, on the other hand, can only be counted at a greater relative weight in a softfork.


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This next entry is by Virginia Woolf.
Her URL is https://authorship.rocks/test/4/about-virginia-woolf
,
and her photo is at
https://authorship.rocks/images/virginia-woolf.jpg
,
This page shows an h-entry
without author information. At the bottom of the page,
there is a link with rel="author"
. That page contains an h-card
,
with a rel="me"
pointing to itself. You will need to fetch this second page
to solve this test.


abstract val actualState: S
Represents the current state object of the entity in Khome. Holds all state values that can be mutated directly.


{{ "" | safeHTML }} {{ with .Site.Params.give.title }}{{.}}{{ end }} This movement is not about fundraising. But if giving floats your boat, below are 4 organisations doing fantastic work to promote peace & support those living without it. Give if it feels free & good to do so. FRRME Samara’s Aid Appeal MEDAIR
This movement is not about fundraising. But if giving floats your boat, below are 4 organisations doing fantastic work to promote peace & support those living without it. Give if it feels free & good to do so.


*You go first!
*Tell Demi what card you are looking for by entering the name in the box and entering submit!
*If she doesn’t have the card you will get one from the pile.
*The player with the most sets after all hands and the draw pile are empty wins.
DEMI SCORE
PLAYER SCORE


#{extends 'email.html' /}
${user.userName} has just added the following comment on the ${module.name} module:


This file contains the function prototypes for Mailbox access. More...
Macros | |
| #define | MAILBOX_QUEUE_0 0U |
| MAILBOX_QUEUE_0 - Mailbox message queue 0. | |
| #define | MAILBOX_QUEUE_1 1U |
| MAILBOX_QUEUE_1 - Mailbox message queue 1. | |
| #define | MAILBOX_QUEUE_2 2U |
| MAILBOX_QUEUE_2 - Mailbox message queue 2. | |
| #define | MAILBOX_QUEUE_3 3U |
| MAILBOX_QUEUE_3 - Mailbox message queue 3. | |
| #define | MAILBOX_QUEUE_4 4U |
| MAILBOX_QUEUE_4 - Mailbox message queue 4. | |
| #define | MAILBOX_QUEUE_5 5U |
| MAILBOX_QUEUE_5 - Mailbox message queue 5. | |
| #define | MAILBOX_QUEUE_6 6U |
| MAILBOX_QUEUE_6 - Mailbox message queue 6. | |
| #define | MAILBOX_QUEUE_7 7U |
| MAILBOX_QUEUE_7 - Mailbox message queue 7. | |
| #define | MAILBOX_QUEUE_8 8U |
| MAILBOX_QUEUE_8 - Mailbox message queue 8. | |
| #define | MAILBOX_QUEUE_9 9U |
| MAILBOX_QUEUE_9 - Mailbox message queue 9. | |
| #define | MAILBOX_QUEUE_10 10U |
| MAILBOX_QUEUE_10 - Mailbox message queue 10. | |
| #define | MAILBOX_QUEUE_11 11U |
| MAILBOX_QUEUE_11 - Mailbox message queue 11. | |
| #define | MAILBOX_QUEUE_12 12U |
| MAILBOX_QUEUE_12 - Mailbox message queue 12. | |
| #define | MAILBOX_QUEUE_13 13U |
| MAILBOX_QUEUE_13 - Mailbox message queue 13. | |
| #define | MAILBOX_QUEUE_14 14U |
| MAILBOX_QUEUE_14 - Mailbox message queue 14. | |
| #define | MAILBOX_QUEUE_15 15U |
| MAILBOX_QUEUE_15 - Mailbox message queue 15. | |
| #define | MESSAGE_VALID 0U |
| MESSAGE_VALID - Valid message. | |
| #define | MESSAGE_INVALID 1U |
| MESSAGE_INVALID - Invalid message. | |
Functions | |
| void | MailboxReset (uint32_t baseAddr) |
| This function resets the mailbox. More... | |
| void | MailboxConfigIdleMode (uint32_t baseAddr, uint32_t idleMode) |
| This function configures the idle mode of the mailbox. More... | |
| uint32_t | MailboxGetMessage (uint32_t baseAddr, uint32_t queueId, uint32_t *msgPtr) |
| This function gets the first message in the queue. More... | |
| uint32_t | MailboxSendMessage (uint32_t baseAddr, uint32_t queueId, uint32_t msg) |
| This function writes message in the queue. More... | |
| void | MailboxEnableNewMsgInt (uint32_t baseAddr, uint32_t userId, uint32_t queueId) |
| This function enables the new message interrupt for a user for given queue. More... | |
| void | MailboxEnableQueueNotFullInt (uint32_t baseAddr, uint32_t userId, uint32_t queueId) |
| This function enables the queue not full interrupt for a user for given queue. More... | |
| void | MailboxDisableNewMsgInt (uint32_t baseAddr, uint32_t userId, uint32_t queueId) |
| This function disables the new message interrupt for a user for given queue. More... | |
| void | MailboxDisableQueueNotFullInt (uint32_t baseAddr, uint32_t userId, uint32_t queueId) |
| This function disables the queue not full interrupt for a user for given queue. More... | |
| void | MailboxClrNewMsgStatus (uint32_t baseAddr, uint32_t userId, uint32_t queueId) |
| This function clears the queue not-full status. More... | |
| void | MailboxClrQueueNotFullStatus (uint32_t baseAddr, uint32_t userId, uint32_t queueId) |
| This function clears the queue not-full status. More... | |
| uint32_t | MailboxGetRawNewMsgStatus (uint32_t baseAddr, uint32_t userId, uint32_t queueId) |
| This function gets the raw new message status. More... | |
| uint32_t | MailboxGetRawQueueNotFullStatus (uint32_t baseAddr, uint32_t userId, uint32_t queueId) |
| This function gets the raw queue not-full status. More... | |
| uint32_t | MailboxGetIrqEnableStatus (uint32_t baseAddr, uint32_t userId, uint32_t queueId) |
| This function gets IRQ enable status. More... | |
| uint32_t | MailboxGetMessageCount (uint32_t baseAddr, uint32_t queueId) |
| This function gets message count in the mailbox. More... | |
| void | MailboxWriteMessage (uint32_t baseAddr, uint32_t queueId, uint32_t msg) |
| This function writes mailbox register. More... | |
| void | MailboxWriteEOI (uint32_t baseAddr, uint32_t value) |
| This function writes EOI register. More... | |
This file contains the function prototypes for Mailbox access.
| void MailboxClrNewMsgStatus | ( | uint32_t | baseAddr, |
| uint32_t | userId, | ||
| uint32_t | queueId | ||
| ) |
This function clears the queue not-full status.
| baseAddr | It is the Memory address of the Mailbox instance. |
| userId | User for whom the event should be cleared |
| queueId | Queue for which the event should be cleared |
| void MailboxClrQueueNotFullStatus | ( | uint32_t | baseAddr, |
| uint32_t | userId, | ||
| uint32_t | queueId | ||
| ) |
This function clears the queue not-full status.
| baseAddr | It is the Memory address of the Mailbox instance. |
| userId | User for whom the event should be cleared |
| queueId | Queue for which the event should be cleared |
| void MailboxConfigIdleMode | ( | uint32_t | baseAddr, |
| uint32_t | idleMode | ||
| ) |
This function configures the idle mode of the mailbox.
| baseAddr | It is the Memory address of the Mailbox instance. |
| idleMode | Idle mode to be configured. Possible values are 0x0: Force-idle. An idle request is acknowledged unconditionally 0x1: No-idle. An idle request is never acknowledged 0x2: Smart-idle. Acknowledgement to an idle request is given based on the internal activity of the module |
| void MailboxDisableNewMsgInt | ( | uint32_t | baseAddr, |
| uint32_t | userId, | ||
| uint32_t | queueId | ||
| ) |
This function disables the new message interrupt for a user for given queue.
| baseAddr | It is the Memory address of the Mailbox instance. |
| userId | User for whom the new message event should be disabled |
| queueId | Queue to be monitored for new message |
| void MailboxDisableQueueNotFullInt | ( | uint32_t | baseAddr, |
| uint32_t | userId, | ||
| uint32_t | queueId | ||
| ) |
This function disables the queue not full interrupt for a user for given queue.
| baseAddr | It is the Memory address of the Mailbox instance. |
| userId | User for whom the event should be disabled |
| queueId | Queue for which the non-full event to be disabled |
| void MailboxEnableNewMsgInt | ( | uint32_t | baseAddr, |
| uint32_t | userId, | ||
| uint32_t | queueId | ||
| ) |
This function enables the new message interrupt for a user for given queue.
| baseAddr | It is the Memory address of the Mailbox instance. |
| userId | User for whom the new message should be intimated |
| queueId | Queue to be monitored for new message |
| void MailboxEnableQueueNotFullInt | ( | uint32_t | baseAddr, |
| uint32_t | userId, | ||
| uint32_t | queueId | ||
| ) |
This function enables the queue not full interrupt for a user for given queue.
| baseAddr | It is the Memory address of the Mailbox instance. |
| userId | User for whom the event should be intimated |
| queueId | Queue to be monitored for non-full condition |
| uint32_t MailboxGetIrqEnableStatus | ( | uint32_t | baseAddr, |
| uint32_t | userId, | ||
| uint32_t | queueId | ||
| ) |
This function gets IRQ enable status.
| baseAddr | It is the Memory address of the Mailbox instance. |
| userId | User for whom the event should be checked |
| queueId | Queue for which the event should be checked |
| uint32_t MailboxGetMessage | ( | uint32_t | baseAddr, |
| uint32_t | queueId, | ||
| uint32_t * | msgPtr | ||
| ) |
This function gets the first message in the queue.
| baseAddr | It is the Memory address of the Mailbox instance. |
| queueId | Queue to be read |
| *msgPtr | Message pointer in which the message will be returned |
| uint32_t MailboxGetMessageCount | ( | uint32_t | baseAddr, |
| uint32_t | queueId | ||
| ) |
This function gets message count in the mailbox.
| baseAddr | It is the Memory address of the Mailbox instance. |
| queueId | Mailbox FIFO id |
| uint32_t MailboxGetRawNewMsgStatus | ( | uint32_t | baseAddr, |
| uint32_t | userId, | ||
| uint32_t | queueId | ||
| ) |
This function gets the raw new message status.
| baseAddr | It is the Memory address of the Mailbox instance. |
| userId | User for whom the event should be checked |
| queueId | Queue for which the event should be checked |
| uint32_t MailboxGetRawQueueNotFullStatus | ( | uint32_t | baseAddr, |
| uint32_t | userId, | ||
| uint32_t | queueId | ||
| ) |
This function gets the raw queue not-full status.
| baseAddr | It is the Memory address of the Mailbox instance. |
| userId | User for whom the event should be checked |
| queueId | Queue for which the event should be checked |
| void MailboxReset | ( | uint32_t | baseAddr | ) |
This function resets the mailbox.
| baseAddr | It is the Memory address of the Mailbox instance. MAILBOXn (n = 1 to 10) Ex MAILBOX1, MAILBOX2, etc EVEn_MLBm (n = 1 to 3, m = 1 to 4) |
| uint32_t MailboxSendMessage | ( | uint32_t | baseAddr, |
| uint32_t | queueId, | ||
| uint32_t | msg | ||
| ) |
This function writes message in the queue.
| baseAddr | It is the Memory address of the Mailbox instance. |
| queueId | Queue to be written |
| msg | Message to be sent |
| void MailboxWriteEOI | ( | uint32_t | baseAddr, |
| uint32_t | value | ||
| ) |
This function writes EOI register.
| baseAddr | It is the Memory address of the Mailbox instance. |
| value | User for whom the event should be checked |
| void MailboxWriteMessage | ( | uint32_t | baseAddr, |
| uint32_t | queueId, | ||
| uint32_t | msg | ||
| ) |
This function writes mailbox register.
| baseAddr | It is the Memory address of the Mailbox instance. |
| queueId | Mailbox FIFO id |
| msg | value to be written to mailbox |


|
Compute Library
18.08
|
Functions | |
| void | configure_transition_manager (Graph &g, GraphContext &ctx, ExecutionWorkload &workload) |
| Configures transition manager and execution workload. More... | |
| void | validate_all_nodes (Graph &g) |
| Validates all nodes. More... | |
| void | configure_all_tensors (Graph &g) |
| Configures all nodes of a graph. More... | |
| void | allocate_all_input_tensors (INode &node) |
| Allocates all input tensors of a node. More... | |
| void | allocate_all_output_tensors (INode &node) |
| Allocates all output tensors of a node. More... | |
| void | allocate_const_tensors (Graph &g) |
| Allocates const tensor of a given graph. More... | |
| void | allocate_all_tensors (Graph &g) |
| Allocates all tensors of a graph. More... | |
| ExecutionWorkload | configure_all_nodes (Graph &g, GraphContext &ctx, const std::vector< NodeID > &node_order) |
| Configures all nodes of graph. More... | |
| void | release_unused_tensors (Graph &g) |
| Release the memory of all unused const nodes. More... | |
| void | call_tensor_accessor (Tensor *tensor) |
| Calls accessor of a given tensor. More... | |
| void | call_all_const_node_accessors (Graph &g) |
| Call all const node accessors. More... | |
| bool | call_all_input_node_accessors (ExecutionWorkload &workload) |
| Call all input node accessors. More... | |
| bool | call_all_output_node_accessors (ExecutionWorkload &workload) |
| Call all output node accessors. More... | |
| void | prepare_all_tasks (ExecutionWorkload &workload) |
| Prepares all tasks for execution. More... | |
| void | call_all_tasks (ExecutionWorkload &workload) |
| Executes all tasks of a workload. More... | |
| void | fuse_batch_norm_with_activation (Graph &g) |
| Fused batch normalization with activation. More... | |
| void arm_compute::graph::detail::allocate_all_input_tensors | ( | INode & | node | ) |
Allocates all input tensors of a node.
| [in] | node | Node to allocate the input tensor of |
| void arm_compute::graph::detail::allocate_all_output_tensors | ( | INode & | node | ) |
Allocates all output tensors of a node.
| [in] | node | Node to allocate the output tensor of |
| void arm_compute::graph::detail::allocate_all_tensors | ( | Graph & | g | ) |
Allocates all tensors of a graph.
| [in] | g | Graph to allocate the tensors |
| void arm_compute::graph::detail::allocate_const_tensors | ( | Graph & | g | ) |
Allocates const tensor of a given graph.
| [in] | g | Graph to allocate the tensors |
| void arm_compute::graph::detail::call_all_const_node_accessors | ( | Graph & | g | ) |
Call all const node accessors.
| [in] | g | Graph containing the const nodes |
| bool arm_compute::graph::detail::call_all_input_node_accessors | ( | ExecutionWorkload & | workload | ) |
Call all input node accessors.
| [in] | workload | Workload to execute |
| bool arm_compute::graph::detail::call_all_output_node_accessors | ( | ExecutionWorkload & | workload | ) |
Call all output node accessors.
| [in] | workload | Workload to execute |
| void arm_compute::graph::detail::call_all_tasks | ( | ExecutionWorkload & | workload | ) |
Executes all tasks of a workload.
| [in] | workload | Workload to execute |
| void arm_compute::graph::detail::call_tensor_accessor | ( | Tensor * | tensor | ) |
Calls accessor of a given tensor.
| [in] | tensor | The tensor of which the accessor should be called |
| ExecutionWorkload arm_compute::graph::detail::configure_all_nodes | ( | Graph & | g, |
| GraphContext & | ctx, | ||
| const std::vector< NodeID > & | node_order | ||
| ) |
| void arm_compute::graph::detail::configure_all_tensors | ( | Graph & | g | ) |
Configures all nodes of a graph.
| [in] | g | Graph to configure |
| void arm_compute::graph::detail::configure_transition_manager | ( | Graph & | g, |
| GraphContext & | ctx, | ||
| ExecutionWorkload & | workload | ||
| ) |
| void arm_compute::graph::detail::fuse_batch_norm_with_activation | ( | Graph & | g | ) |
Fused batch normalization with activation.
| [in] | g | Graph to perform operation fusion on |
| void arm_compute::graph::detail::prepare_all_tasks | ( | ExecutionWorkload & | workload | ) |
Prepares all tasks for execution.
| [in] | workload | Workload to prepare |
| void arm_compute::graph::detail::release_unused_tensors | ( | Graph & | g | ) |
Release the memory of all unused const nodes.
| [in] | g | Graph to release the memory from |


Renovated clock tower inaugurated
by Staff ReporterCorporation Commissioner Sravan Kumar Jatavath inaugurated the renovated clock tower near North Coimbatore Flyover on Mettupalayam Road here on Tuesday.
The tower was renovated by Round Tables of Coimbatore City that were the branch organisations under Round Table India, a release said.
The clock tower would have analogue clocks on all four sides that were synchronised to satellite-based global positioning system to display the time accurately.
The renovation works were carried out in the past one year by the members using the seed fund and contributions from sponsors from the city, the release added.
The clock tower was first inaugurated in 1994 by Round Tables of Coimbatore City to mark the national annual general meeting of Round Table India here. The then-Corporation Commissioner, C. Chandramouli, inaugurated the clock tower on December 30.
M. Jayakumar, Jayakumar Ramdass and Illango Kasthuri, who served as the past National Presidents of Round Table India, were present during the inauguration of the renovated tower.
With 300 chapters known as ‘Tables’ across India, Round Table India is a non-government organisation for social welfare which focuses on education as its long-term project. The organisation has built 6,625 classrooms in 2,849 schools across the country at over ₹ 282 crore, which benefited over 72.8 children, according to the release.


[1]
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[2]
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Welcome in EU 2019 Election Tracking Exposed, an ALEX project
This is a defence strategy for the digital knowledge era. We want unveil the manipulation processes of information inside digital platforms, and gives you the power to outsmart the personalised algorithms...
read more.
Experiment: turn the Facebook algorithm upside-down, in an RSS
Check the map, and see how many topics have been observed in the last 48 hours
Every day, in every country, and on almost any platform, algorithms that manipulate information influence our decision-making process, for better or worse. The relevance of transparent and unbiased access to information is especially evident when the decision-making process occurs during the electoral process. The digital platforms embody a new form of power that is increasingly attracting political or corporate interest rivalling in the ever-evolving battlefields of elections.
Platform accountability is a global issue, without a comprehensive solution
Personalization algorithms are different types of software tools tasked with determining and offering what matters to you given your online behaviour. This is a un-supervised form of power, operating without any accountability or transparency and almost wholly defined by the internal interests of the corporations that run the platforms.
How to use this tool and data?
ALEX project enables researchers and citizens to understand the type and the degree of influence that social and content platforms have on an individual or groups decision-making process. We do this through two steps:
With your cooperation: by installing the browser extension you help Alex improve with your anonymised data. The more we are, the more accurate our understanding will be, so get on board!
With your creativity and expertise: by reusing ALEX data to analyse online phenomena, concepts diffusion, and ideas clustering.
In first place we have develop a web browser extension (Download it now!) which collects contents that Facebook and YouTube expose to people like you. Complex algorithmic processes attempt to estimate what content is most relevant for each user; that’s the personalisation process! They require personal information about you to be successful in micro-targeting and social curation. Our web extension allows for a better understanding of your “personalised treatment”.
In the second place, thanks to the tool we have developed we can finally collect evidence of illicit and dangerous online influence and empower all citizen to understand the hidden manufacturing process of collective beliefs that occurs on these platforms. Collecting data allows the analysing of the way information is used by corporations, political interest groups, and foreign powers. Moreover, looking at the content provided to other people, you can outsmart the personalisation algorithms.


Matrices are supported in Math-o-mir. Some empty matrices and vectors can be found in the main toolbox (under the ‘parentheses’ subtoolbox).
You can also construct a matrix or vector with keyboard... use the Shift+Tab key to insert column separator, and Shift+Enter keystroke to insert row separator. An alternative way to insert rows and columns would be by mouse-clicking at appropriate buttons in the text-control box.
Once a matrix or vector is generated, you can use mouse to edit it further:
A matrix can have maximum 50 rows and maximum 50 columns.


{% extends "base.html" %} {% load static %} {% block content %}
My name Stephen Utlak, and I'm the developer of this website. I've been a fan of gaming since childhood, and I wanted to give back to the gaming community as a way to say thank you for the years of enjoyment gaming has given me. I started to think about what would be something I would value as a gamer, and that led me to the concept for this site.
Taking a step back for a moment, I first developed an interest in programming during my graduate studies at the University of South Carolina where I finished both a Master's and PhD in Nuclear Engineering. My PhD area of research was in the field of theoretical modeling, which naturally led me to using many computational tools including programming languages such as Python.
After finishing my graduate studies in 2019, I went to the Oak Ridge National Laboratory where I worked as a postdoc. One research project that particularly captured my interest used machine learning to predict the behavior of materials. It was this project that further sparked my interest in Python as the broad spectrum of capabilities the language offered became more apparent.
From there, I started a personal endeavour to learn as much as I could about Python ranging from machine learning using packages such as Keras and PyTorch to web development with Django.
Around this time I accepted a job position that coincidentally provided me the opportunity to develop a website application, and this alignment of my personal and professional lives had my knowledge of web development accelerating at a rapid pace.
Fast forward to now, it seemed a perfect opportunity to put my knowledge of web development to use by creating this site. Stay tuned for more as I continue to add new features, and if you have anything you'd like to see on this site or just feedback in general, you can email your thoughts to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Thanks everyone for getting to know a bit more about me, and if you're interested, I've included a few personal links below.


--- layout: post title: "An applicative password list" description: "How to use the applicative functor capabilities of lists to create a password list, with examples that object-oriented programmers can understand." date: 2018-10-15 5:54 UTC tags: [Software Design, F#, Haskell] --- {% include JB/setup %}
{{ page.description }}
This article is an instalment in an article series about applicative functors. In the previous article, you saw how to use Haskell and F# lists as applicative functors to generate combinations of values. In this article, you'll see a similar example, but this time, there will also be a C# example.
Years ago, I worked in an organisation that (among other things) produced much demo software. Often, the demo software would include a demonstration of the security features of a product, which meant that, as a user evaluating the software, you had to log in with a user name and password. In order to keep things simple, the password was usually Passw0rd!, or some variation thereof.
(Keep in mind that this was demoware. Password strength wasn't a concern. We explicitly wanted the password to be easy to guess, so that users evaluating the software had a chance to test how log in worked. This was long before social login and the like.)
We had more than one package of demoware, and over the years, variations of the standard password had snuck in. Sometimes it'd be all lower-case; sometimes it'd use 4 instead of a, and so on. As the years went on, the number of possible permutations grew.
Recently, I had a similar problem, but for security reasons, I don't want to divulge what it was. Let's just pretend that I had to guess one of those old demo passwords.
There weren't that many possible variations, but just enough that I couldn't keep them systematically in my head.
> let (<*>) fs l = fs |> List.collect (fun f -> l |> List.map f);; val ( <*> ) : fs:('a -> 'b) list -> l:'a list -> 'b list > [sprintf "%s%s%s%s%s%s"] <*> ["P"; "p"] <*> ["a"; "4"] <*> ["ssw"] <*> ["o"; "0"] <*> ["rd"] <*> [""; "!"];; val it : string list = ["Password"; "Password!"; "Passw0rd"; "Passw0rd!"; "P4ssword"; "P4ssword!"; "P4ssw0rd"; "P4ssw0rd!"; "password"; "password!"; "passw0rd"; "passw0rd!"; "p4ssword"; "p4ssword!"; "p4ssw0rd"; "p4ssw0rd!"]
This produces a list of all the possible password combinations according to the above rules. Since there weren't that many, I could start trying each from the start, until I found the correct variation.
The first list contains a single function. Due to the way sprintf
works, sprintf "%s%s%s%s%s%s"
is a function that takes six (curried) string
arguments, and returns a string
. The number 6 is no coincidence, because you'll notice that the <*>
operator is used six times.
There's no reason to repeat the exegesis from the previous article, but briefly:
sprintf "%s%s%s%s%s%s"
has the type string -> string -> string -> string -> string -> string -> string
.[sprintf "%s%s%s%s%s%s"]
has the type (string -> string -> string -> string -> string -> string -> string) list
.[sprintf "%s%s%s%s%s%s"] <*> ["P"; "p"]
has the type (string -> string -> string -> string -> string -> string) list
.[sprintf "%s%s%s%s%s%s"] <*> ["P"; "p"] <*> ["a"; "4"]
has the type (string -> string -> string -> string -> string) list
.<*>
, an argument is removed from the resulting function contained in the returned list. When you've applied six lists with the <*>
operator, the return value is no longer a list of functions, but a list of values.
Clearly, then, that's no coincidence. I deliberately shaped the initial function to take six arguments, so that it would match the six segments I wanted to model.
Perhaps the most interesting quality of applicative functors is that you can compose an arbitrary number of objects, as long as you have a function to match the number of arguments.
This time I started with F#, but in Haskell, <*>
is a built-in operator, so obviously this also works there:
passwordCombinations :: [String] passwordCombinations = [printf "%s%s%s%s%s%s"] <*> ["P", "p"] <*> ["a", "4"] <*> ["ssw"] <*> ["o", "0"] <*> ["rd"] <*> ["", "!"]
The output is the same as the above F# code.
While you can translate the concept of lists as an applicative functor to C#, this is where you start testing the limits of the language; or perhaps I've simply forgotten too much C# to do it full justice.
Instead of making linked lists an applicative functor, let's consider a type closer to the spirit of the C# language: IEnumerable<T>
. The following code attempts to turn IEnumerable<T>
into an applicative functor.
Consider the above F# implementation of <*>
(explained in the previous article). It uses List.collect
to flatten what would otherwise had been a list of lists. List.collect
has the type ('a -> 'b list) -> 'a list -> 'b list
. The corresponding method for IEnumerable<T>
already exists in the .NET Base Class Library; it's called SelectMany. (Incidentally, this is also the monadic bind function, but this is still not a monad tutorial.)
For an applicative functor, we need a method that takes a sequence of functions, and a sequence of values, and produces a sequence of return values. You can translate the above F# function to this C# extension method:
public static IEnumerable<TResult> Apply<T, TResult>( this IEnumerable<Func<T, TResult>> selectors, IEnumerable<T> source) { return selectors.SelectMany(source.Select); }
That's a single line of code! That's not so bad. What's the problem?
So far there's no problem. You can, for example, write code like this:
Func<string, int> sl = s => s.Length; var lengths = new[] { sl }.Apply(new[] { "foo", "bar", "baz" });
This will return a sequence of the numbers 3, 3, 3
. That seems, however, like quite a convoluted way of getting the lengths of some strings. A normal Select
method would have sufficed.
Is it possible to repeat the above password enumeration in C#? In order to do that, you need a function that takes six string
arguments and returns a string
:
Func<string, string, string, string, string, string, string> concat = (x, y, z, æ, ø, å) => x + y + z + æ + ø + å;
With programmers' penchant to start with the variable name x
, and continue with y
and z
, most people will have a problem with six variables - but not us Danes! Fortunately, we've officially added three extra letters to our alphabet for this very purpose! So with that small problem out of the way, you can now attempt to reproduce the above F# code:
var combinations = new[] { concat } .Apply(new[] { "P", "p" }) .Apply(new[] { "a", "4" }) .Apply(new[] { "ssw" }) .Apply(new[] { "o", "0" }) .Apply(new[] { "rd" }) .Apply(new[] { "", "!" });
That looks promising, but there's one problem: it doesn't compile.
The problem is that concat
is a function that takes six arguments, and the above Apply
method expects selectors
to be functions that take exactly one argument.
Alas, while it's not pretty, you can attempt to address the problem with an overload:
public static IEnumerable<Func<T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, TResult>> Apply<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, TResult>( this IEnumerable<Func<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, TResult>> selectors, IEnumerable<T1> source) { return selectors.SelectMany(f => source.Select(x => { Func<T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, TResult> g = (y, z, æ, ø, å) => f(x, y, z, æ, ø, å); return g; })); }
This overload of Apply
takes selectors
of arity six, and return a sequence of functions with arity five.
Does it work now, then?
Unfortunately, it still doesn't compile, because new[] { concat }.Apply(new[] { "P", "p" })
has the type IEnumerable<Func<string, string, string, string, string, string>>
, and no overload of Apply
exists that supports selectors
with arity five.
You'll have to add such an overload as well:
public static IEnumerable<Func<T2, T3, T4, T5, TResult>> Apply<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, TResult>( this IEnumerable<Func<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, TResult>> selectors, IEnumerable<T1> source) { return selectors.SelectMany(f => source.Select(x => { Func<T2, T3, T4, T5, TResult> g = (y, z, æ, ø) => f(x, y, z, æ, ø); return g; })); }
You can probably see where this is going. This overload returns a sequence of functions with arity four, so you'll have to add an Apply
overload for such functions as well, plus for functions with arity three and two. Once you've done that, the above fluent chain of Apply
method calls work, and you get a sequence containing all the password variations.
> new[] { concat } . .Apply(new[] { "P", "p" }) . .Apply(new[] { "a", "4" }) . .Apply(new[] { "ssw" }) . .Apply(new[] { "o", "0" }) . .Apply(new[] { "rd" }) . .Apply(new[] { "", "!" }) string[16] { "Password", "Password!", "Passw0rd", "Passw0rd!", "P4ssword", "P4ssword!", "P4ssw0rd", "P4ssw0rd!", "password", "password!", "passw0rd", "passw0rd!", "p4ssword", "p4ssword!", "p4ssw0rd", "p4ssw0rd!" }
In F# and Haskell, the compiler automatically figures out the return type of each application, due to a combination of currying and Hindley–Milner type inference. Perhaps I've allowed my C# skills to atrophy, but I don't think there's an easy resolution to this problem in C#.
Obviously, you can always write a reusable library with Apply
overloads that support up to some absurd arity. Once those methods are written, they're unlikely to change. Still, it seems to me that we're pushing the envelope.
In this article, you saw how to turn C# sequences into an applicative functor. While possible, there are some bumps in the road.
There's still an aspect of using lists and sequences as applicative functors that I've been deliberately ignoring so far. The next article covers that. After that, we'll take a break from lists and look at some other applicative functors.
Comments
I think the difference is that all functions in F# and Haskell are automatically curried, but nothing is automatically curreid in C#. If you explicitly curry
concat
, then the code complies and works as expected. Here is one way to achieve that.In this example, I curried
concat
usingcurry
from the NuGet package LanguageExt. It is a base class library for functional programming in C#.So you don't need many overloads of your
Apply
for varrying numbers of type parameters. You just need many overloads ofcurry
.Tyson, thank you for writing. Yes, you're right that it's the lack of default currying that makes this sort of style less than ideal in C#. This seems to be clearly demonstrated by your example.


Bootstrap CSS
Bootstrap is a free and open-source front-end web framework for designing websites and web applications. It contains HTML- and CSS-based design templates for typography, forms, buttons, navigation and other interface components, as well as optional JavaScript extensions. Unlike many web frameworks, it concerns itself with front-end development only.
Farid Karimov
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bootstrap_(front-end_framework)


Do not expose both sync and async versions of methods
- When writing an API that performs I/O or long running CPU intensive work, only expose an asynchronous version of the method.
- Suffix it with Async.
- Do not provide an inferior synchronous option, because then people will use it.
- If it can be async, then it must be. If it can’t be async, then it should not be. It cannot be both.
Don't
interface IFileDownloader
{
byte[] DownloadFile(string url);
Task<byte[]> DownloadFileAsync(string url);
}
Do
interface IFileDownloader
{
Task<byte[]> DownloadFileAsync(string url);
}


Joda Time - Java date and time API
Joda-Time provides a quality replacement for the Java date
and time classes. The design allows for multiple calendar
systems, while still providing a simple API.
The 'default' calendar is the ISO8601 standard which
is used by XML. The Gregorian, Julian, Buddhist, Coptic, Ethiopic and Islamic systems
are also included, and we welcome further additions. Supporting classes include
time zone, duration, format and parsing.
As a flavour of Joda-Time, here's some example code:
public boolean isAfterPayDay(DateTime datetime) {
if (datetime.getMonthOfYear() == 2) { // February is month 2!!
return datetime.getDayOfMonth() > 26;
}
return datetime.getDayOfMonth() > 28;
}
public Days daysToNewYear(LocalDate fromDate) {
LocalDate newYear = fromDate.plusYears(1).withDayOfYear(1);
return Days.daysBetween(fromDate, newYear);
}
public boolean isRentalOverdue(DateTime datetimeRented) {
Period rentalPeriod = new Period().withDays(2).withHours(12);
return datetimeRented.plus(rentalPeriod).isBeforeNow();
}
public String getBirthMonthText(LocalDate dateOfBirth) {
return dateOfBirth.monthOfYear().getAsText(Locale.ENGLISH);
}
Version 1.6.2 was released on 2010-09-14 -
Download now
Why Joda Time?
Joda-Time has been created to radically change date and time handling in Java.
The JDK classes Date and Calendar are very badly designed, have had numerous bugs
and have odd performance effects.
Here are some of our reasons for developing and using Joda-Time:
- Easy to Use.
Calendar makes accessing 'normal' dates difficult, due to the lack of simple methods.
Joda-Time has straightforward field accessors such as
getYear() or getDayOfWeek().
- Easy to Extend.
The JDK supports multiple calendar systems via subclasses of Calendar.
This is clunky, and in practice it is very difficult to write another calendar system.
Joda-Time supports multiple calendar systems via a pluggable system based on the
Chronology class.
- Comprehensive Feature Set.
The library is intended to provide all the functionality that is required for date-time
calculations. It already provides out-of-the-box features, such as support for oddball
date formats, which are difficult to replicate with the JDK.
- Up-to-date Time Zone calculations.
The time zone implementation is based on
the public tz database, which is
updated several times a year. New Joda-Time releases incorporate all changes
made to this database. Should the changes be needed earlier,
manually updating the zone data is easy.
- Calendar support.
The library currently provides 8 calendar systems. More will be added in the future.
- Easy interoperability.
The library internally uses a millisecond instant which is identical to the JDK and similar
to other common time representations. This makes interoperability easy, and Joda-Time comes
with out-of-the-box JDK interoperability.
- Better Performance Characteristics.
Calendar has strange performance characteristics as it recalculates fields at unexpected moments.
Joda-Time does only the minimal calculation for the field that is being accessed.
- Good Test Coverage.
Joda-Time has a comprehensive set of developer tests, providing assurance of the library's quality.
- Complete Documentation.
There is a full User Guide which provides an overview and covers
common usage scenarios. The javadoc
is extremely detailed and covers the rest of the API.
- Maturity.
The library has been under active development since 2002.
Although it continues to be improved with the addition of new features and
bug-fixes, it is a mature and reliable code base.
A number of related projects are now available.
- Open Source.
Joda-Time is licenced under the business friendly Apache License Version 2.0.
Documentation
Various documentation is available:
Releases
Release 1.6.2
is the current latest release.
This release is considered stable and worthy of the 1.x tag.
It has extensive testing suites and has been used in production.
We now recommend JDK 1.4 or later, and have performed no testing on earlier JDKs.
We will support the 1.x product line using standard Java mechanisms.
The main public API will remain backwards compatible for both source and binary.
The version number will change to 2.0 to indicate a change in compatibility.
Support
Support on bugs, library usage or enhancement requests is available via:
- the joda-interest mailing list. Due to spam, you must be subscribed to post to the mailing list.
- the joda-time sourceforge forum.
Alternatively, you can contact the project lead, Stephen Colebourne via scolebourne.at.users.sourceforge.net.


The traveling salesman is a problem in the IT which resembles a certain type of process: Brute Force.The salesman needs the shortest way to get to all cities in one run.In this example the RNG is used to determine the paths.


Distributing third party libraries in Mesos
Every distributed application needs an effective way of distributing third party libraries. Hadoop uses DistributedCache and Spark uses similar approaches. When you are building your own distributed system, you also have to build a effective mechanism to do the distribution.
This post talks about how to implement this on mesos. This implementation is inspired by Spark implementation.
This post extends code discussed in this post.So if you are new to mesos please go through that post before continuing.
tl;dr Access the complete code on github
Third Party libraries in distributed Applications
Almost every piece of code we write today uses one or more third party library. In distributed systems third party libraries become tricky to handle.As we don’t have control over instantiation of our tasks, the underlying system should allow us to express the dependencies so that it can add those to the classpath when our task is run.
There are many ways to handle this problem. The following are the few following options.
Using an uber jar
We can create a big jar which contains our code and all of it’s dependencies. Build tools like maven,ant makes this very easy to do. Though it’s an attractive solution it has its own quirks.
-
Jar Size
We will be updating our code faster than changing dependencies. So every time when we make a change we have to distribute a big jar rather than distributing only changed code. This effects the startup time and also eats up lot’s of network bandwidth.
-
Versioning
If we mix user code with dependencies, upgrading third libraries become challenging. Whenever we upgrade any dependence we have to recompile all code and re distribute again. This is not feasible in big code bases.
So it’s not wise to mix user code with libraries. We will be needing an independent way of distributing jars.
Using Distributed file system
One of the alternative to uber jar is using a distributed file system for distributing libraries. Normally any distributed applications run on distributed file system like HDFS. Though it’s a good approach for most of applications,it does comes with dependency that a distributed file system has to be available. Also the individual library jar size is small,which performs poorly in big data file systems.
Localized distribution over HTTP
This is the approach we are going to follow in this post. We are going to host our dependencies in a web server and ask the slaves to pull the jars from server. We create this web server on demand and configure tasks to read and configure using them.
The following steps shows how to implement this distribution on Mesos and Scala.
Step 1 : Web server at master side
We run a web server at master when we start executing task. The following code shows a http server created using jetty server.
class HttpServer(resourceBase: File) {
var server: Server = null
var port: Int = -1
def start() = {
if (server != null) {
throw new RuntimeException("server already running")
}
else {
val threadPool = new QueuedThreadPool()
threadPool.setDaemon(true)
server = new Server(0)
server.setThreadPool(threadPool)
//serve the files in the folder as the path is indicated
val resourceHandler = new ResourceHandler
resourceHandler.setResourceBase(resourceBase.getAbsolutePath)
val handlerList = new HandlerList
handlerList.setHandlers(Array(resourceHandler, new DefaultHandler))
//start the server with handler and capture the port
server.setHandler(handlerList)
server.start()
port = server.getConnectors()(0).getLocalPort
}
}
We call start method to start the server, which serves files from resourceBase folder.
Access complete code here.
Step 2 : Integrate server with Scheduler
The above server has to be started dynamically whenever we require to distribute the jars. In Mesos scheduler is responsible for spinning up the task, so we start it before the first task at scheduler side.
override def registered(driver: SchedulerDriver, frameworkId: FrameworkID, masterInfo: MasterInfo): Unit = {
//create the jar server if there are any jars have to be distributed
if(jars.size > 0 ) createJarServer()
}
We override registered method,so that whenever scheduler comes up we start the server.
def createJarServer() = {
val dirFile = Utils.createTempDir()
println("jar directory is" + dirFile.getAbsolutePath)
val fileNames = new ArrayBuffer[String]()
for ((path, index) <- jars.zipWithIndex) {
val file = new File(path)
val fileName = index + "_" + file.getName
copyFile(file, new File(dirFile, fileName))
fileNames += fileName
}
jarServer = new HttpServer(dirFile)
jarServer.start()
val uri = jarServer.uri
println("jar server started at " + uri)
jarUris = fileNames.map(f => uri + "/" + f).mkString(",")
}
createServer copies specified jar from it’s path to a temporary location. Also it populates jarUris string which contains all the jar URI’s in a comma separated manner.
Access complete code here.
Step 3 : Pass jarUris to executor
We have to pass this uri’s to the executor,so that it can download the jars and add them to class path before it starts running tasks. We pass it as the command line argument to the executor script as follows.
def getExecutorInfo(d: SchedulerDriver): ExecutorInfo = {
val scriptPath = System.getProperty("executor_script_path",
"~/run-executor.sh")
ExecutorInfo.newBuilder().
setCommand(CommandInfo.newBuilder().setValue("" +
"/bin/sh "+scriptPath+ s" $jarUris"))
.setExecutorId(ExecutorID.newBuilder().setValue("1234"))
.build()
}
Access complete code here.
Step 4 : Access jars in Executor
In the executor side, we download this jars from specified jar uris. The following code shows that.
def getClassLoader(): ClassLoader = {
var loader = this.getClass.getClassLoader
val localfiles = new ArrayBuffer[String]()
//if jars is specified then split by comma to get all paths
if (args.length > 0) {
for (uri <- args(0).split(",").filter(_.size > 0)) {
val url = new URL(uri)
val fileName = url.getPath.split("/").last
downloadFile(url, fileName)
localfiles += fileName
}
//use the URL classloader to add it to the classpath
if (localfiles.size > 0) {
val urls = localfiles.map(file => new
File(file).toURI.toURL).toArray
loader = new URLClassLoader(urls, loader)
}
}
loader
}
Once it downloads the jars, it adds to the class path using URLClassLoader. We set this classloader on the thread which executes the task.
Access complete code here.
Example : Mysql task
The following is one of example which dynamically loads the mysql driver which is passed as library jar.
def mysqlTask() = {
new FunctionTask[Unit](
() => {
try {
val classLoader = Thread.currentThread.getContextClassLoader
classLoader.loadClass("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver")
println("successfully loaded")
}
catch {
case e: Exception => {
e.printStackTrace()
throw e
}
}
})
}
Access complete code here.
Running
- Step 1 : Download code from github
- Step 2 : Build the code using maven
-
Step 3 : Update run-executor.sh file in src/main/resources to point to the right directory.
- Step 4 : Run CustomTasks main method with mesos master url , path to the run-executor.sh shell script and path to the mysql jar file.
More detail steps for running you can find here.
Output
The output should be available in mesos logs as specified here.
If everything goes right you should be able to see “successfully loaded” message in the logs.


module DynArray: BatDynArray
type t 'a
include BatEnum.Enumerable
include BatInterfaces.Mappable
exception Invalid_arg of int string string
Invalid_arg
is raised. The
integer is the value that made the operation fail, the first string
contains the function name that has been called and the second string
contains the parameter name that made the operation fail.let create : unit => t 'a
create()
returns a new empty dynamic array.let make : int => t 'a
make count
returns an array with some memory already allocated so
up to count
elements can be stored into it without resizing.let init : int => (int => 'a) => t 'a
init n f
returns an array of n
elements filled with values
returned by f 0 , f 1, ... f (n-1)
.let empty : t 'a => bool
let length : t 'a => int
let get : t 'a => int => 'a
get darr idx
gets the element in darr
at index idx
. If darr
has
len
elements in it, then the valid indexes range from 0
to len-1
.let last : t 'a => 'a
last darr
returns the last element of darr
.let set : t 'a => int => 'a => unit
set darr idx v
sets the element of darr
at index idx
to value
v
. The previous value is overwritten.let insert : t 'a => int => 'a => unit
insert darr idx v
inserts v
into darr
at index idx
. All elements
of darr
with an index greater than or equal to idx
have their
index incremented (are moved up one place) to make room for the new
element.let add : t 'a => 'a => unit
add darr v
appends v
onto darr
. v
becomes the new
last element of darr
.let append : t 'a => t 'a => unit
append src dst
adds all elements of src
to the end of dst
.let delete : t 'a => int => unit
delete darr idx
deletes the element of darr
at idx
. All elements
with an index greater than idx
have their index decremented (are
moved down one place) to fill in the hole.let delete_last : t 'a => unit
delete_last darr
deletes the last element of darr
. This is equivalent
of doing delete darr ((length darr) - 1)
.let delete_range : t 'a => int => int => unit
delete_range darr p len
deletes len
elements starting at index p
.
All elements with an index greater than p+len
are moved to fill
in the hole.let clear : t 'a => unit
let blit : t 'a => int => t 'a => int => int => unit
blit src srcidx dst dstidx len
copies len
elements from src
starting with index srcidx
to dst
starting at dstidx
.let compact : t 'a => unit
compact darr
ensures that the space allocated by the array is minimal.let to_list : t 'a => list 'a
to_list darr
returns the elements of darr
in order as a list.let to_array : t 'a => array 'a
to_array darr
returns the elements of darr
in order as an array.let enum : t 'a => BatEnum.t 'a
enum darr
returns the enumeration of darr
elements.let of_list : list 'a => t 'a
of_list lst
returns a dynamic array with the elements of lst
in
it in order.let of_array : array 'a => t 'a
of_array arr
returns an array with the elements of arr
in it
in order.let of_enum : BatEnum.t 'a => t 'a
of_enum e
returns an array that holds, in order, the elements of e
.let copy : t 'a => t 'a
copy src
returns a fresh copy of src
, such that no modification of
src
affects the copy, or vice versa (all new memory is allocated for
the copy).let sub : t 'a => int => int => t 'a
sub darr start len
returns an array holding the subset of len
elements from darr
starting with the element at index idx
.let iter : ('a => unit) => t 'a => unit
iter f darr
calls the function f
on every element of darr
. It
is equivalent to for i = 0 to length darr - 1 do f (get darr i) done;
let iteri : (int => 'a => unit) => t 'a => unit
iter f darr
calls the function f
on every element of darr
. It
is equivalent to for i = 0 to length darr - 1 do f i (get darr i) done;
let map : ('a => 'b) => t 'a => t 'b
map f darr
applies the function f
to every element of darr
and creates a dynamic array from the results - similar to List.map
or
Array.map
.let mapi : (int => 'a => 'b) => t 'a => t 'b
mapi f darr
applies the function f
to every element of darr
and creates a dynamic array from the results - similar to List.mapi
or
Array.mapi
.let fold_left : ('a => 'b => 'a) => 'a => t 'b => 'a
fold_left f x darr
computes f ( ... ( f ( f a0 x) a1) ) ... )
aN
, where a0,a1..aN
are the indexed elements of darr
.let fold_right : ('a => 'b => 'b) => t 'a => 'b => 'b
fold_right f darr x
computes f a0 (f a1 ( ... ( f aN x )
... ) )
, where a0,a1..aN
are the indexed elements of
darr
.let index_of : ('a => bool) => t 'a => int
index_of f darr
returns the index of the first element x
in darr such
as f x
returns true
or raise Not_found
if not found.let keep : ('a => bool) => t 'a => unit
keep p darr
removes in place all the element x
of darr
such that p x = false
Note In previous versions, this function used to be called
BatDynArray.filter
. As this caused incompatibilities with comprehension
of dynamic arrays, the function name has been changed.
let filter : ('a => bool) => t 'a => t 'a
filter p a
returns all the elements of the array a
that satisfy the predicate p
. The order of the elements
in the input array is preserved.
Note This function replaces another function called filter
,
available in previous versions of the library. As the old function
was incompatible with comprehension of dynamic arrays, its name
was changed to BatDynArray.keep
.
let filter_map : ('a => option 'b) => t 'a => t 'b
filter_map f e
returns an array consisting of all elements
x
such that f y
returns Some x
, where y
is an element
of e
.type resizer_t=
currslots::int => oldlength::int => newlength::int => int
Resizer functions are called whenever elements are added to or removed from the dynamic array to determine what the current number of storage spaces in the array should be. The three named arguments passed to a resizer are the current number of storage spaces in the array, the length of the array before the elements are added or removed, and the length the array will be after the elements are added or removed. If elements are being added, newlength will be larger than oldlength, if elements are being removed, newlength will be smaller than oldlength. If the resizer function returns exactly oldlength, the size of the array is only changed when adding an element while there is not enough space for it.
By default, all dynamic arrays are created with the default_resizer
.
When a dynamic array is created from another dynamic array (using copy
,
map
, etc. ) the resizer of the copy will be the same as the original
dynamic array resizer. To change the resizer, use the set_resizer
function.
let set_resizer : t 'a => resizer_t => unit
let get_resizer : t 'a => resizer_t
let default_resizer : resizer_t
exponential_resizer
but should change in
next versions.let exponential_resizer : resizer_t
exponential_resizer
works by doubling or halving the number of
slots until they "fit". If the number of slots is less than the
new length, the number of slots is doubled until it is greater
than the new length (or Sys.max_array_size is reached).
If the number of slots is more than four times the new length, the number of slots is halved until it is less than four times the new length.
Allowing darrays to fall below 25% utilization before shrinking them prevents "thrashing". Consider the case where the caller is constantly adding a few elements, and then removing a few elements, causing the length to constantly cross above and below a power of two. Shrinking the array when it falls below 50% would causing the underlying array to be constantly allocated and deallocated. A few elements would be added, causing the array to be reallocated and have a usage of just above 50%. Then a few elements would be remove, and the array would fall below 50% utilization and be reallocated yet again. The bulk of the array, untouched, would be copied and copied again. By setting the threshold at 25% instead, such "thrashing" only occurs with wild swings- adding and removing huge numbers of elements (more than half of the elements in the array).
exponential_resizer
is a good performing resizer for most
applications. A list allocates 2 words for every element, while an
array (with large numbers of elements) allocates only 1 word per
element (ignoring unboxed floats). On insert, exponential_resizer
keeps the amount of wasted "extra" array elements below 50%, meaning
that less than 2 words per element are used. Even on removals
where the amount of wasted space is allowed to rise to 75%, that
only means that darray is using 4 words per element. This is
generally not a significant overhead.
Furthermore, exponential_resizer
minimizes the number of copies
needed- appending n elements into an empty darray with initial size
0 requires between n and 2n elements of the array be copied- O(n)
work, or O(1) work per element (on average). A similar argument
can be made that deletes from the end of the array are O(1) as
well (obviously deletes from anywhere else are O(n) work- you
have to move the n or so elements above the deleted element down).
let step_resizer : int => resizer_t
The resizer returned by step_resizer step
returns the smallest
multiple of step
larger than newlength
if currslots
is less
then newlength
-step
or greater than newlength
.
For example, to make an darray with a step of 10, a length
of len, and a null of null, you would do:
make
~resizer:(step_resizer
10) len null
let conservative_exponential_resizer : resizer_t
conservative_exponential_resizer
is an example resizer function
which uses the oldlength parameter. It only shrinks the array
on inserts- no deletes shrink the array, only inserts. It does
this by comparing the oldlength and newlength parameters. Other
than that, it acts like exponential_resizer
.let create_with : resizer_t => t 'a
let unsafe_get : t 'a => int => 'a
let unsafe_set : t 'a => int => 'a => unit
let print : first::string? =>
last::string? =>
sep::string? =>
(BatInnerIO.output 'a => 'b => unit) =>
BatInnerIO.output 'a => t 'b => unit


@(user: securesocial.core.Identity)(implicit request: RequestHeader) @import securesocial.core.IdentityProvider
Hello @user.firstName,
Your password was updated. Please log in to CoreSpring using your new password by clicking here
Kind regards,
CoreSpring Team


Marshmello
-
Fly
[by:KSHMR夫人] I can fly I can fly I can fly I can fly Yeah, woah Yeah, oh Yeah, oh Oh~ Oh~oh, yeah ... -
Down
Now, give me something to dance to Now, let me throw it down Now, let me throw it down ... -
Check This Out
[by:WildestMars] Check this, check this, check this out Check this, check this, check this out Check this, check this, c... -
Sell Out
{music} One，two more again it does not more again One，two more again it does not more again One，two One，two One，two One，... -
Put Yo Hands Up
[by:INSide_497] [length: 03:16.049] [tool: 歌词滚动姬 https://lrc-maker.github.io] Put yo hands to the roof (roof, roof, roo... -
Stars
[by:夕若逸] One, two, make it bounce One, two, make it bounce ... -
OutSide (marshmello Remix)
[by:九九Lrc歌词网～www.99Lrc.net] Look at what you’ve done Standin’ still, fallin’ away from me When it takes so long Fire’s o... -
BIBA
Yeh roohdaariyan Tujhi se, judi hai meri Yeh daavedaariyan Mujhi pe, likhi hai teri Rihanna ke toh jaisa tu figure rakh...  -
Alone
[by:HysHzz] [ti:] [ar:] [al:] [by:九九Lrc歌词网～www.99Lrc.net] I'm going on Nothing feels like home I'm so alone Try to find ... -
Wolves
作曲 : Selena Gomez/Marshmello/Andrew Wotman/Alexandra Tamposi/Brian D. Lee/Louis Bell/Carl Rosen 作词 : Selena Gomez/Mars... -
Here With Me
Can I tell you something just between you and me? When I hear your voice, I know I'm finally free Every single word is p...  -
Moving On
[by:湿床] Written by：Marshmello And when I'm gone it won't be long 'til I'm I'm coming home I'm moving on with you And whe... -
Happier
Lately, I've been, I've been thinking I want you to be happier, I want you to be happier When the morning comes When we...  -
Chasing Colors
[by:hondoes] We're dreaming on and on We're dreaming on and on We got the windows down We got the windows down I'm chas... -
Beautiful Now (Marshmello Remix)
[by:EnchantedTay] [ti:] [ar:] [al:] [by:九九Lrc歌词网～www.99Lrc.net] I see what you're wearing, there's nothing beneath it Fo... -
Hello（DCGO Flip）
[by:我还能听歌呀] Hello, it's me I was wondering if after all these years you'd like to meet To go over everything They say th... -
Rescue Me
[by:Inubashiri-Momiji] [tool: 歌词滚动姬 https://lrc-maker.github.io] Never been safe, but I'm never gonna closer Another y... -
One Thing Right
[by:INSide_497] [tool: 歌词滚动姬 https://lrc-maker.github.io] 作曲 : Marshmello/Kane Brown/Jesse Frasure/Josh Hoge/Matt McGin... -
Freal Luv
作曲 : K. Nishimura/ J. Roh/ V. Coquia/ C.Comstock/ 朴灿烈/ T. Kachingwe/ W. Phillips 作词 : K. Nishimura/J. Roh/V. Coquia/C.... -
Project Dreams
[by:Trap_Girl] Mello made it right *****, I was down bad, now I'm on a jet for real Got all this ice on me, baby, told m...    -
Everyday
作曲 : Marshmello 作词 : Logic Yeah ayy I work hard every day ay ay ayy I work hard I work hard every day ay ay ayy yeah B... -
There x2
[by:hondoes] I still miss you, baby, after all this time But if I wait here, will you be there, times two? I still miss ... -
ALONE (MONXX & BLAQOUT REMIX)
[by:Kylin-OIO] I'm so alone Nothing feels likes home I'm so alone Try to find my way back home to you I'm so alone Nothi...  -
KeEp iT MeLLo
[by:小陀螺Tony] [ti:KeEp iT MeLLo] [ar:Marshmello Omar LinX 37095998] [al:] [by:九九Lrc歌词网～www.99Lrc.net] Woke up and just fe...  -
远星 (Marshmello Alone Mix)
[by:Taihong-拓荒] I'm so alone Nothing feels like home I'm so alone Trying to find my way back home to you I'm so alone N...  -
Alarm (Marshmello Remix)
[by:小陀螺Tony] You're laying with me, you're shutting down I smell her on ya, I'm focused now I know what's going on in yo... -
Bonbon (Marshmello Remix)
[by:hondoes] Un jom Era Un jom Era, and I'm coming for the light All or nothing Now or never Coming straight from the K...  -
Earthquake
[by:小陀螺Tony] I'm about to change the game up 'Bout to cause an earthquake, call it a shake-up, shake-up, ah I'm about to... -
Falling To Pieces
[by:INSide_497] [length: 02:46.034] [tool: 歌词滚动姬 https://lrc-maker.github.io] One, two, three, here we go Purebred now... -
Light It Up
[by:Trap_Girl] 作曲 : Marshmello/Marshall Stevenson/Chris Brown/Paul Judge 作词 : Marshmello/Marshall Stevenson/Chris Brow... -
Alone(AVALON Remix)
[by:红尘本无树] 作曲 : Marshmello 作词 : Marshmello I'm so alone Nothing feels like home I'm so alone Trying to find my way bac... -
Freal Luv
作曲 : 朴灿烈/Tinashé/Kevin Nishimura/J. Roh/Virman Coquia/C. Comstock/Whitney Phillips 作词 : 朴灿烈/Tinashé/Kevin Nishimura/J.... -
Spotlight (Original Mix)
[by:hondoes] Loving you is like a fairytale I just can't pick up the phone again This time I'll be on my own, my friend ... -
Twinbow
[by:hondoes] When I'm weak I want to fly High, higher and higher and higher Don't wanna risk my life If the only way to ...  -
Wolves (Tiger Feng Remix)
[by:雨滴如梦] In your eyes, there's a heavy blue， One to love, and one to lose， Sweet divine, a heavy truth， Water or wine, ... -
Selena Gomez & Marshmello - Wolves（TANG Remix）
[by:墨尔本bounce] In your eyes, there's a heavy blue One to love, and one to lose Sweet divide, a heavy truth Water or ... -
-River & FRIENDS（Urmyson / Charlie Puth / Marshmello / Anne-Marie remix）
作曲 : Urmyson 作词 : 无 Don't run from me river 河流啊 别从我身边流走 Don't run from me river river 时间啊 别从我身边溜走 No don't run from me r...


At the May 2017 FGM, several HVTN investigators expressed the desire to have a better mechanism for accessing/understanding HVTN data. We have since implemented several changes to improve communication about HVTN data. This includes the initiation of online HVTN Investigator Data Forums, reinstatement of quarterly investigator resource annoucements including updates on HVTN publications, planned posting of more cross-protocol analysis reports, as well as a proposal to improve the existing inventory of HVTN protocols. Meanwhile, HVTN investigators have been having and will continue to have access to all availible protocol team reports including those based on HVTN studies for which they are not members of the protocol team. This report outlines the survey results measuring approval and usefulness of these changes.
More than 50% of survey participants originate from US sites, and most have been with HVTN for at least 5 years. For participants originating from HVTN core sites, the greatest number of participants has been with HVTN for 5-10 years. For participants from other sites, the greatest number has been with HVTN for more than ten years.
Around 2/3 of survey participants did not attend the first HVTN Investigator Online Data Forum. The majority of survey participants who did not attend answered that it was due to the inconvenient time of the forum, though they plan to participate in the future.
Ratings for the first HVTN investigator Online Data Forum ranged from 7 to 10. The median rating was an 8 out of 10, while the mean rating was an 8.25 out of ten.
Around 1/2 of the survey participants claimed that they would review PT reports they were not directly involved in "sometimes". Six survey participants stated that they would check the reports "routinely". The remaining nine participants would check the reports "rarely" or not at all.
Protocol team reports from ongoing studies have been availible to HVTN investigators on the Investigator Resources page of the HVTN Members' site.
It will take a considerable amount of resources to build it, but the network could benefit from an improved inventory of HVTN protocols that includes information on vacinne regimens and immune response data along with a searchable tool.
Ratings for the benefit of improved inventories for HVTN protocols ranged from 3 to 10. The median rating was an 8 out of 10, while the mean rating was an 8.12 out of ten.
The majority of survey participants claimed that they would use the improved inventories at least a couple times per year. Nine others claimed that they would use them as needed. Only two participants cited no need.


Yusoff Rawther: Police open investigation paper
KUALA LUMPUR, Dec 9 — Police have opened an investigation paper over Muhammed Yusoff Rawther’s allegations that he was sexually assaulted by PKR president Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim.
Bukit Aman Criminal Investigation Department’s Prosecution and Legal Division principal assistant director SAC Mior Faridalathrash Wahid said the case was being investigated under Section 354 of the Penal Code for sexual assault.
“The investigation paper has been opened and we will see if there is a need to call Muhammed Yusoff again once the probe is being carried out,” he said when contacted by Bernama.
Earlier today, Muhammed Yusoff spent almost nine hours to record his statement at Bukit Aman.
Muhammed Yussof, accompanied his lawyer, Datuk Mohamed Haniff Khatri Abdulla, arrived at 12.45pm and was seen leaving Bukit Aman at about 9.20pm.
On Saturday, the media reported that Muhammed Yusoff had lodged a report at the Sentul district police headquarters to enable police to conduct investigation over his allegations and to take legal action against Anwar.
On Wednesday, Muhammed Yusoff made his statutory declaration public, alleging that he was sexually assaulted by Anwar on October 2, however, the PKR president strongly denied the allegations as he was busy campaigning for the Port Dickson parliamentary by-election at the time of alleged incident. — Bernama