In each part of this task, you will be given an sentence with a highlighted number, followed by a description of that number and some survey questions:
ExampleWe would like your opinion on whether or not the description provided is helpful in your understanding of the scale of the mentioned quantity (here the increase in crude oil production). We will also ask you a few related questions about the description.
Here is another example; this is a subjective task, so your opinions might differ from ours.
ExampleImportant: In each task, the description and questions will initially be hidden. Please read the sentence first, think about it and then click to answer the task.
Estimated time for task: 2 minutes.
Note about evaluation: This is a subjective task, so we will be liberal with our approval. However, we have included a few HITs with answers that are very obviously right/wrong. We will manually inspect your work based on your responses to these tasks.


[§348F-4] Annual report. The board shall report on its activities to the governor and the legislature at the end of each fiscal year, and may include recommendations consistent with the purposes of this chapter. [L 1999, c 282, pt of §2]


礦ision Build Log
Tool Versions:
IDE-Version: μVision V<IP_ADDRESS> Copyright (C) 2015 ARM Ltd and ARM Germany GmbH. All rights reserved. License Information: han yan, NCU, LIC=D0MW3-A4TC7-7EZHC-7VM2J-5AINQ-AID0X Tool Versions: Toolchain: PK51 Prof. Developers Kit Version: 9.01 Toolchain Path: D:\Keil_v5\C51\BIN C Compiler: C51.exe V9.01 Assembler: A51.exe V8.02 Linker/Locator: BL51.exe V6.22 Library Manager: LIB51.exe V4.24 Hex Converter: OH51.exe V2.6 CPU DLL: S8051.DLL V3.72 Dialog DLL: DP51.DLL V2.59Project:
C:\Users\72395\Desktop\hanyan\File\Creation\20210106【单片机实验】\Reference_for_MCU51\03实验三：定时器\Timer-PWM.uvproj Project File Date: 01/07/2021Output:
Build target 'Target 1' compiling main.c... linking... *** WARNING L16: UNCALLED SEGMENT, IGNORED FOR OVERLAY PROCESS SEGMENT: ?PR?_DELAYUS?MAIN *** WARNING L16: UNCALLED SEGMENT, IGNORED FOR OVERLAY PROCESS SEGMENT: ?PR?_MOTO_TURN?MAIN Program Size: data=34.0 xdata=0 code=2486 creating hex file from "Timer-PWM"... "Timer-PWM" - 0 Error(s), 2 Warning(s).


404
Sorry, your page was not found. Search here for the appropriate content.
{# ------------------------------------------------------- #} {# 404 PAGE #} {# This is the 404 page that will display on the live site for users. #} {# It does not appear when you run your site locally. #} {# ------------------------------------------------------- #} {# Confused what extends and blocks do? Watch a primer: #} {# http://www.webhook.com/docs/template-inheritance-blocks/ #} {% extends "templates/partials/base.html" %} {% block content %}


# This code is part of Ansible, but is an independent component.
# This particular file snippet, and this file snippet only, is BSD licensed.
# Modules you write using this snippet, which is embedded dynamically by Ansible
# still belong to the author of the module, and may assign their own license
# to the complete work.
#
# Copyright (c), Michael DeHaan<EMAIL_ADDRESS>2012-2013
# All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
# are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
#
# * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
# and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

# IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
# INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
# PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
# INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
# LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE
# USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
import os
import hmac
try:
import urlparse
except ImportError:
import urllib.parse as urlparse
try:
from hashlib import sha1
except ImportError:
import sha as sha1
HASHED_KEY_MAGIC = "|1|"
[docs]def add_git_host_key(module, url, accept_hostkey=True, create_dir=True):
""" idempotently add a git url hostkey """
if is_ssh_url(url):
fqdn = get_fqdn(url)
if fqdn:
known_host = check_hostkey(module, fqdn)
if not known_host:
if accept_hostkey:
rc, out, err = add_host_key(module, fqdn, create_dir=create_dir)
if rc != 0:
module.fail_json(msg="failed to add %s hostkey: %s" % (fqdn, out + err))
else:
module.fail_json(msg="%s has an unknown hostkey. Set accept_hostkey to True or manually add the hostkey prior to running the git module" % fqdn)
[docs]def is_ssh_url(url):
""" check if url is ssh """
if "@" in url and "://" not in url:
return True
for scheme in "ssh://", "git+ssh://", "ssh+git://":
if url.startswith(scheme):
return True
return False
[docs]def get_fqdn(repo_url):
""" chop the hostname out of a url """
result = None
if "@" in repo_url and "://" not in repo_url:
# most likely an user@host:path or user@host/path type URL
repo_url = repo_url.split("@", 1)[1]
if repo_url.startswith('['):
result = repo_url.split(']', 1)[0] + ']'
elif ":" in repo_url:
result = repo_url.split(":")[0]
elif "/" in repo_url:
result = repo_url.split("/")[0]
elif "://" in repo_url:
# this should be something we can parse with urlparse
parts = urlparse.urlparse(repo_url)
# parts[1] will be empty on python2.4 on ssh:// or git:// urls, so
# ensure we actually have a parts[1] before continuing.
if parts[1] != '':
result = parts[1]
if "@" in result:
result = result.split("@", 1)[1]
if result[0].startswith('['):
result = result.split(']', 1)[0] + ']'
elif ":" in result:
result = result.split(":")[0]
return result
[docs]def check_hostkey(module, fqdn):
return not not_in_host_file(module, fqdn)
# this is a variant of code found in connection_plugins/paramiko.py and we should modify
# the paramiko code to import and use this.
[docs]def not_in_host_file(self, host):
if 'USER' in os.environ:
user_host_file = os.path.expandvars("~${USER}/.ssh/known_hosts")
else:
user_host_file = "~/.ssh/known_hosts"
user_host_file = os.path.expanduser(user_host_file)
host_file_list = []
host_file_list.append(user_host_file)
host_file_list.append("/etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts")
host_file_list.append("/etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts2")
host_file_list.append("/etc/openssh/ssh_known_hosts")
hfiles_not_found = 0
for hf in host_file_list:
if not os.path.exists(hf):
hfiles_not_found += 1
continue
try:
host_fh = open(hf)
except IOError:
hfiles_not_found += 1
continue
else:
data = host_fh.read()
host_fh.close()
for line in data.split("\n"):
if line is None or " " not in line:
continue
tokens = line.split()
if tokens[0].find(HASHED_KEY_MAGIC) == 0:
# this is a hashed known host entry
try:
(kn_salt,kn_host) = tokens[0][len(HASHED_KEY_MAGIC):].split("|",2)
hash = hmac.new(kn_salt.decode('base64'), digestmod=sha1)
hash.update(host)
if hash.digest() == kn_host.decode('base64'):
return False
except:
# invalid hashed host key, skip it
continue
else:
# standard host file entry
if host in tokens[0]:
return False
return True
[docs]def add_host_key(module, fqdn, key_type="rsa", create_dir=False):
""" use ssh-keyscan to add the hostkey """
keyscan_cmd = module.get_bin_path('ssh-keyscan', True)
if 'USER' in os.environ:
user_ssh_dir = os.path.expandvars("~${USER}/.ssh/")
user_host_file = os.path.expandvars("~${USER}/.ssh/known_hosts")
else:
user_ssh_dir = "~/.ssh/"
user_host_file = "~/.ssh/known_hosts"
user_ssh_dir = os.path.expanduser(user_ssh_dir)
if not os.path.exists(user_ssh_dir):
if create_dir:
try:
os.makedirs(user_ssh_dir, int('700', 8))
except:
module.fail_json(msg="failed to create host key directory: %s" % user_ssh_dir)
else:
module.fail_json(msg="%s does not exist" % user_ssh_dir)
elif not os.path.isdir(user_ssh_dir):
module.fail_json(msg="%s is not a directory" % user_ssh_dir)
this_cmd = "%s -t %s %s" % (keyscan_cmd, key_type, fqdn)
rc, out, err = module.run_command(this_cmd)
module.append_to_file(user_host_file, out)
return rc, out, err


Need For Speed: Rivals
I have not played previous Need For Speed games, but I have to say I thoroughly enjoyed this game. There are two modes in this game: You can either be a cop and catch racers, or you can be a racer and escape cops or race other racers. The graphics were amazing and I enjoyed the roam aspect of the game. You had a full map to race around on. You could just cruise, or play different types of races. Racers and Cops had different options for cars and upgrades, which kept the game interesting. I personally really enjoyed this game but I haven't played enough racing games to say that this is the best


We understand that transparency and trust is critical to our mission. We do our best to provide a clear audit trail for every dollar and device donated. While we're young and yet to file taxes or create an annual report, we promise never to be a black hole. We were founded in August, 2018 so have nothing to report yet. As donations are received we will make information available.


Panels
Panel heading without title
Panel content
Panel title
Panel content
Panel title
Panel content
Tables
Basic Table
Optional table caption.
| # |
First Name |
Last Name |
Username |
| 1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
| 2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
| 3 |
Larry |
the Bird |
@twitter |
Striped
| # |
First Name |
Last Name |
Username |
| 1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
| 2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
| 3 |
Larry |
the Bird |
@twitter |
Bordered
| # |
First Name |
Last Name |
Username |
| 1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
| 2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
| 3 |
Larry |
the Bird |
@twitter |
Hover
| # |
First Name |
Last Name |
Username |
| 1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
| 2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
| 3 |
Larry |
the Bird |
@twitter |
Condensed
| # |
First Name |
Last Name |
Username |
| 1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
| 2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
| 3 |
Larry |
the Bird |
@twitter |
Buttons


SSL_CTX. [Bodo Moeller] *) New function X509V3_EXT_i2d() to create an X509_EXTENSION structure from the internal representation. Various PKCS#7 fixes: remove some evil casts and set the enc_dig_alg field properly based on the signing key type. [Steve Henson] *) Allow PKCS#12 password to be set from the command line or the environment. Let 'ca' get its config file name from the environment variables "OPENSSL_CONF" or "SSLEAY_CONF" (for consistency with 'req' and 'x509'). [Steve Henson] *) Allow certificate policies extension to use an IA5STRING for the organization field. This is contrary to the PKIX definition but VeriSign uses it and IE5 only recognises this form. Document 'x509' extension option. [Steve Henson] *) Add PEDANTIC compiler flag to allow compilation with gcc -pedantic, without disallowing inline assembler and the like for non-pedantic builds. [Ben Laurie] *) Support Borland C++ builder. [Janez Jere<EMAIL_ADDRESS>modified by Ulf Möller] *) Support Mingw32. [Ulf Möller] *) SHA-1 cleanups and performance enhancements. [Andy Polyakov<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Sparc v8plus assembler for the bignum library. [Andy Polyakov<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Accept any -xxx and +xxx compiler options in Configure. [Ulf Möller] *) Update HPUX configuration. [Anonymous] *) Add missing sk_<type>_unshift() function to safestack.h [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) New function SSL_CTX_use_certificate_chain_file that sets the "extra_cert"s in addition to the certificate. (This makes sense only for "PEM" format files, as chains as a whole are not DER-encoded.) [Bodo Moeller] *) Support verify_depth from the SSL API. x509_vfy.c had what can be considered an off-by-one-error: Its depth (which was not part of the external interface) was actually counting the number of certificates in a chain; now it really counts the depth. [Bodo Moeller] *) Bugfix in crypto/x509/x509_cmp.c: The SSLerr macro was used instead of X509err, which often resulted in confusing error messages since the error codes are not globally unique (e.g. an alleged error in ssl3_accept when a certificate didn't match the private key). *) New function SSL_CTX_set_session_id_context that allows to set a default value (so that you don't need SSL_set_session_id_context for each connection using the SSL_CTX). [Bodo Moeller] *) OAEP decoding bug fix. [Ulf Möller] *) Support INSTALL_PREFIX for package builders, as proposed by David Harris. [Bodo Moeller] *) New Configure options "threads" and "no-threads". For systems where the proper compiler options are known (currently Solaris and Linux), "threads" is the default. [Bodo Moeller] *) New script util/mklink.pl as a faster substitute for util/mklink.sh. [Bodo Moeller] *) Install various scripts to $(OPENSSLDIR)/misc, not to $(INSTALLTOP)/bin -- they shouldn't clutter directories such as /usr/local/bin. [Bodo Moeller] *) "make linux-shared" to build shared libraries. [Niels Poppe<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) New Configure option no-<cipher> (rsa, idea, rc5, ...). [Ulf Möller] *) Add the PKCS#12 API documentation to openssl.txt. Preliminary support for extension adding in x509 utility. [Steve Henson] *) Remove NOPROTO sections and error code comments. [Ulf Möller] *) Partial rewrite of the DEF file generator to now parse the ANSI prototypes. [Steve Henson] *) New Configure options --prefix=DIR and --openssldir=DIR. [Ulf Möller] *) Complete rewrite of the error code script(s). It is all now handled by one script at the top level which handles error code gathering, header rewriting and C source file generation. It should be much better than the old method: it now uses a modified version of Ulf's parser to read the ANSI prototypes in all header files (thus the old K&R definitions aren't needed for error creation any more) and do a better job of translating function codes into names. The old 'ASN1 error code imbedded in a comment' is no longer necessary and it doesn't use .err files which have now been deleted. Also the error code call doesn't have to appear all on one line (which resulted in some large lines...). [Steve Henson] *) Change #include filenames from <foo.h> to <openssl/foo.h>. [Bodo Moeller] *) Change behaviour of ssl2_read when facing length-0 packets: Don't return 0 (which usually indicates a closed connection), but continue reading. [Bodo Moeller] *) Fix some race conditions. [Bodo Moeller] *) Add support for CRL distribution points extension. Add Certificate Policies and CRL distribution points documentation. [Steve Henson] *) Move the autogenerated header file parts to crypto/opensslconf.h. [Ulf Möller] *) Fix new 56-bit DES export ciphersuites: they were using 7 bytes instead of 8 of keying material. Merlin has also confirmed interop with this fix between OpenSSL and Baltimore C/SSL 2.0 and J/SSL 2.0. [Merlin Hughes<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Fix lots of warnings. [Richard Levitte<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) In add_cert_dir() in crypto/x509/by_dir.c, break out of the loop if the directory spec didn't end with a LIST_SEPARATOR_CHAR. [Richard Levitte<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Fix problems with sizeof(long) == 8. [Andy Polyakov<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Change functions to ANSI C. [Ulf Möller] *) Fix typos in error codes. [Martin Kraemer<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Ulf Möller] *) Remove defunct assembler files from Configure. [Ulf Möller] *) SPARC v8 assembler BIGNUM implementation. [Andy Polyakov<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Support for Certificate Policies extension: both print and set. Various additions to support the r2i method this uses. [Steve Henson] *) A lot of constification, and fix a bug in X509_NAME_oneline() that could return a const string when you are expecting an allocated buffer. [Ben Laurie] *) Add support for ASN1 types UTF8String and VISIBLESTRING, also the CHOICE types DirectoryString and DisplayText. [Steve Henson] *) Add code to allow r2i extensions to access the configuration database, add an LHASH database driver and add several ctx helper functions. [Steve Henson] *) Fix an evil bug in bn_expand2() which caused various BN functions to fail when they extended the size of a BIGNUM. [Steve Henson] *) Various utility functions to handle SXNet extension. Modify mkdef.pl to support typesafe stack. [Steve Henson] *) Fix typo in SSL_[gs]et_options(). [Nils Frostberg<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Delete various functions and files that belonged to the (now obsolete) old X509V3 handling code. [Steve Henson] *) New Configure option "rsaref". [Ulf Möller] *) Don't auto-generate pem.h. [Bodo Moeller] *) Introduce type-safe ASN.1 SETs. [Ben Laurie] *) Convert various additional casted stacks to type-safe STACK_OF() variants. [Ben Laurie, Ralf S. Engelschall, Steve Henson] *) Introduce type-safe STACKs. This will almost certainly break lots of code that links with OpenSSL (well at least cause lots of warnings), but fear not: the conversion is trivial, and it eliminates loads of evil casts. A few STACKed things have been converted already. Feel free to convert more. In the fullness of time, I'll do away with the STACK type altogether. [Ben Laurie] *) Add `openssl ca -revoke <certfile>' facility which revokes a certificate specified in <certfile> by updating the entry in the index.txt file. This way one no longer has to edit the index.txt file manually for revoking a certificate. The -revoke option does the gory details now. [Massimiliano Pala<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Fix `openssl crl -noout -text' combination where `-noout' killed the `-text' option at all and this way the `-noout -text' combination was inconsistent in `openssl crl' with the friends in `openssl x509|rsa|dsa'. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Make sure a corresponding plain text error message exists for the X509_V_ERR_CERT_REVOKED/23 error number which can occur when a verify callback function determined that a certificate was revoked. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Bugfix: In test/testenc, don't test "openssl <cipher>" for ciphers that were excluded, e.g. by -DNO_IDEA. Also, test all available cipers including rc5, which was forgotten until now. In order to let the testing shell script know which algorithms are available, a new (up to now undocumented) command "openssl list-cipher-commands" is used. [Bodo Moeller] *) Bugfix: s_client occasionally would sleep in select() when it should have checked SSL_pending() first. [Bodo Moeller] *) New functions DSA_do_sign and DSA_do_verify to provide access to the raw DSA values prior to ASN.1 encoding. [Ulf Möller] *) Tweaks to Configure [Niels Poppe<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Add support for PKCS#5 v2.0 ASN1 PBES2 structures. No other support, yet... [Steve Henson] *) New variables $(RANLIB) and $(PERL) in the Makefiles. [Ulf Möller] *) New config option to avoid instructions that are illegal on the 80386. The default code is faster, but requires at least a 486. [Ulf Möller] *) Got rid of old SSL2_CLIENT_VERSION (inconsistently used) and SSL2_SERVER_VERSION (not used at all) macros, which are now the same as SSL2_VERSION anyway. [Bodo Moeller] *) New "-showcerts" option for s_client. [Bodo Moeller] *) Still more PKCS#12 integration. Add pkcs12 application to openssl application. Various cleanups and fixes. [Steve Henson] *) More PKCS#12 integration. Add new pkcs12 directory with Makefile.ssl and modify error routines to work internally. Add error codes and PBE init to library startup routines. [Steve Henson] *) Further PKCS#12 integration. Added password based encryption, PKCS#8 and packing functions to asn1 and evp. Changed function names and error codes along the way. [Steve Henson] *) PKCS12 integration: and so it begins... First of several patches to slowly integrate PKCS#12 functionality into OpenSSL. Add PKCS#12 objects to objects.h [Steve Henson] *) Add a new 'indent' option to some X509V3 extension code. Initial ASN1 and display support for Thawte strong extranet extension. [Steve Henson] *) Add LinuxPPC support. [Jeff Dubrule<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Get rid of redundant BN file bn_mulw.c, and rename bn_div64 to bn_div_words in alpha.s. [Hannes Reinecke<EMAIL_ADDRESS>and Ben Laurie] *) Make sure the RSA OAEP test is skipped under -DRSAref because OAEP isn't supported when OpenSSL is built with RSAref. [Ulf Moeller<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Move definitions of IS_SET/IS_SEQUENCE inside crypto/asn1/asn1.h so they no longer are missing under -DNOPROTO. [Soren S. Jorvang<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Changes between 0.9.1c and 0.9.2b [22 Mar 1999] *) Make SSL_get_peer_cert_chain() work in servers. Unfortunately, it still doesn't work when the session is reused. Coming soon! [Ben Laurie] *) Fix a security hole, that allows sessions to be reused in the wrong context thus bypassing client cert protection! All software that uses client certs and session caches in multiple contexts NEEDS PATCHING to allow session reuse! A fuller solution is in the works. [Ben Laurie, problem pointed out by Holger Reif, Bodo Moeller (and ???)] *) Some more source tree cleanups (removed obsolete files crypto/bf/asm/bf586.pl, test/test.txt and crypto/sha/asm/f.s; changed permission on "config" script to be executable) and a fix for the INSTALL document. [Ulf Moeller<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Remove some legacy and erroneous uses of malloc, free instead of Malloc, Free. [Lennart Bang<EMAIL_ADDRESS>with minor changes by Steve] *) Make rsa_oaep_test return non-zero on error. [Ulf Moeller<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Add support for native Solaris shared libraries. Configure solaris-sparc-sc4-pic, make, then run shlib/solaris-sc4.sh. It'd be nice if someone would make that last step automatic. [Matthias Loepfe<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) ctx_size was not built with the right compiler during "make links". Fixed. [Ben Laurie] *) Change the meaning of 'ALL' in the cipher list. It now means "everything except NULL ciphers". This means the default cipher list will no longer enable NULL ciphers. They need to be specifically enabled e.g. with the string "DEFAULT:eNULL". [Steve Henson] *) Fix to RSA private encryption routines: if p < q then it would occasionally produce an invalid result. This will only happen with externally generated keys because OpenSSL (and SSLeay) ensure p > q. [Steve Henson] *) Be less restrictive and allow also `perl util/perlpath.pl /path/to/bin/perl' in addition to `perl util/perlpath.pl /path/to/bin', because this way one can also use an interpreter named `perl5' (which is usually the name of Perl 5.xxx on platforms where an Perl 4.x is still installed as `perl'). [Matthias Loepfe<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Let util/clean-depend.pl work also with older Perl 5.00x versions. [Matthias Loepfe<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Fix Makefile.org so CC,CFLAG etc are passed to 'make links' add advapi32.lib to Win32 build and change the pem test comparison to fc.exe (thanks to Ulrich Kroener<EMAIL_ADDRESS>for the suggestion). Fix misplaced ASNI prototypes and declarations in evp.h and crypto/des/ede_cbcm_enc.c. [Steve Henson] *) DES quad checksum was broken on big-endian architectures. Fixed. [Ben Laurie] *) Comment out two functions in bio.h that aren't implemented. Fix up the Win32 test batch file so it (might) work again. The Win32 test batch file is horrible: I feel ill.... [Steve Henson] *) Move various #ifdefs around so NO_SYSLOG, NO_DIRENT etc are now selected in e_os.h. Audit of header files to check ANSI and non ANSI sections: 10 functions were absent from non ANSI section and not exported from Windows DLLs. Fixed up libeay.num for new functions. [Steve Henson] *) Make `openssl version' output lines consistent. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Fix Win32 symbol export lists for BIO functions: Added BIO_get_ex_new_index, BIO_get_ex_num, BIO_get_ex_data and BIO_set_ex_data to ms/libeay{16,32}.def. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Second round of fixing the OpenSSL perl/ stuff. It now at least compiled fine under Unix and passes some trivial tests I've now added. But the whole stuff is horribly incomplete, so a README.1ST with a disclaimer was added to make sure no one expects that this stuff really works in the OpenSSL 0.9.2 release. Additionally I've started to clean the XS sources up and fixed a few little bugs and inconsistencies in OpenSSL.{pm,xs} and openssl_bio.xs. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Fix the generation of two part addresses in perl. [Kenji Miyake<EMAIL_ADDRESS>integrated by Ben Laurie] *) Add config entry for Linux on MIPS. [John Tobey<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Make links whenever Configure is run, unless we are on Windoze. [Ben Laurie] *) Permit extensions to be added to CRLs using crl_section in openssl.cnf. Currently only issuerAltName and AuthorityKeyIdentifier make any sense in CRLs. [Steve Henson] *) Add a useful kludge to allow package maintainers to specify compiler and other platforms details on the command line without having to patch the Configure script everytime: One now can use ``perl Configure <id>:<details>'', i.e. platform ids are allowed to have details appended to them (separated by colons). This is treated as there would be a static pre-configured entry in Configure's %table under key <id> with value <details> and ``perl Configure <id>'' is called. So, when you want to perform a quick test-compile under FreeBSD 3.1 with pgcc and without assembler stuff you can use ``perl Configure "FreeBSD-elf:pgcc:-O6:::"'' now, which overrides the FreeBSD-elf entry on-the-fly. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Disable new TLS1 ciphersuites by default: they aren't official yet. [Ben Laurie] *) Allow DSO flags like -fpic, -fPIC, -KPIC etc. to be specified on the `perl Configure ...' command line. This way one can compile OpenSSL libraries with Position Independent Code (PIC) which is needed for linking it into DSOs. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Remarkably, export ciphers were totally broken and no-one had noticed! Fixed. [Ben Laurie] *) Cleaned up the LICENSE document: The official contact for any license questions now is the OpenSSL core team under<EMAIL_ADDRESS>And add a paragraph about the dual-license situation to make sure people recognize that _BOTH_ the OpenSSL license _AND_ the SSLeay license apply to the OpenSSL toolkit. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) General source tree makefile cleanups: Made `making xxx in yyy...' display consistent in the source tree and replaced `/bin/rm' by `rm'. Additionally cleaned up the `make links' target: Remove unnecessary semicolons, subsequent redundant removes, inline point.sh into mklink.sh to speed processing and no longer clutter the display with confusing stuff. Instead only the actually done links are displayed. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Permit null encryption ciphersuites, used for authentication only. It used to be necessary to set the preprocessor define SSL_ALLOW_ENULL to do this. It is now necessary to set SSL_FORBID_ENULL to prevent the use of null encryption. [Ben Laurie] *) Add a bunch of fixes to the PKCS#7 stuff. It used to sometimes reorder signed attributes when verifying signatures (this would break them), the detached data encoding was wrong and public keys obtained using X509_get_pubkey() weren't freed. [Steve Henson] *) Add text documentation for the BUFFER functions. Also added a work around to a Win95 console bug. This was triggered by the password read stuff: the last character typed gets carried over to the next fread(). If you were generating a new cert request using 'req' for example then the last character of the passphrase would be CR which would then enter the first field as blank. [Steve Henson] *) Added the new `Includes OpenSSL Cryptography Software' button as doc/openssl_button.{gif,html} which is similar in style to the old SSLeay button and can be used by applications based on OpenSSL to show the relationship to the OpenSSL project. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Remove confusing variables in function signatures in files ssl/ssl_lib.c and ssl/ssl.h. [Lennart Bong<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Don't install bss_file.c under PREFIX/include/ [Lennart Bong<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Get the Win32 compile working again. Modify mkdef.pl so it can handle functions that return function pointers and has support for NT specific stuff. Fix mk1mf.pl and VC-32.pl to support NT differences also. Various #ifdef WIN32 and WINNTs sprinkled about the place and some changes from unsigned to signed types: this was killing the Win32 compile. [Steve Henson] *) Add new certificate file to stack functions, SSL_add_dir_cert_subjects_to_stack() and SSL_add_file_cert_subjects_to_stack(). These largely supplant SSL_load_client_CA_file(), and can be used to add multiple certs easily to a stack (usually this is then handed to SSL_CTX_set_client_CA_list()). This means that Apache-SSL and similar packages don't have to mess around to add as many CAs as they want to the preferred list. [Ben Laurie] *) Experiment with doxygen documentation. Currently only partially applied to ssl/ssl_lib.c. See http://www.stack.nl/~dimitri/doxygen/index.html, and run doxygen with openssl.doxy as the configuration file. [Ben Laurie] *) Get rid of remaining C++-style comments which strict C compilers hate. [Ralf S. Engelschall, pointed out by Carlos Amengual] *) Changed BN_RECURSION in bn_mont.c to BN_RECURSION_MONT so it is not compiled in by default: it has problems with large keys. [Steve Henson] *) Add a bunch of SSL_xxx() functions for configuring the temporary RSA and DH private keys and/or callback functions which directly correspond to their SSL_CTX_xxx() counterparts but work on a per-connection basis. This is needed for applications which have to configure certificates on a per-connection basis (e.g. Apache+mod_ssl) instead of a per-context basis (e.g. s_server). For the RSA certificate situation is makes no difference, but for the DSA certificate situation this fixes the "no shared cipher" problem where the OpenSSL cipher selection procedure failed because the temporary keys were not overtaken from the context and the API provided no way to reconfigure them. The new functions now let applications reconfigure the stuff and they are in detail: SSL_need_tmp_RSA, SSL_set_tmp_rsa, SSL_set_tmp_dh, SSL_set_tmp_rsa_callback and SSL_set_tmp_dh_callback. Additionally a new non-public-API function ssl_cert_instantiate() is used as a helper function and also to reduce code redundancy inside ssl_rsa.c. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Move s_server -dcert and -dkey options out of the undocumented feature area because they are useful for the DSA situation and should be recognized by the users. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Fix the cipher decision scheme for export ciphers: the export bits are *not* within SSL_MKEY_MASK or SSL_AUTH_MASK, they are within SSL_EXP_MASK. So, the original variable has to be used instead of the already masked variable. [Richard Levitte<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Fix 'port' variable from `int' to `unsigned int' in crypto/bio/b_sock.c [Richard Levitte<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Change type of another md_len variable in pk7_doit.c:PKCS7_dataFinal() from `int' to `unsigned int' because it's a length and initialized by EVP_DigestFinal() which expects an `unsigned int *'. [Richard Levitte<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Don't hard-code path to Perl interpreter on shebang line of Configure script. Instead use the usual Shell->Perl transition trick. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Make `openssl x509 -noout -modulus' functional also for DSA certificates (in addition to RSA certificates) to match the behaviour of `openssl dsa -noout -modulus' as it's already the case for `openssl rsa -noout -modulus'. For RSA the -modulus is the real "modulus" while for DSA currently the public key is printed (a decision which was already done by `openssl dsa -modulus' in the past) which serves a similar purpose. Additionally the NO_RSA no longer completely removes the whole -modulus option; it now only avoids using the RSA stuff. Same applies to NO_DSA now, too. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Add Arne Ansper's reliable BIO - this is an encrypted, block-digested BIO. See the source (crypto/evp/bio_ok.c) for more info. [Arne Ansper<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Dump the old yucky req code that tried (and failed) to allow raw OIDs to be added. Now both 'req' and 'ca' can use new objects defined in the config file. [Steve Henson] *) Add cool BIO that does syslog (or event log on NT). [Arne Ansper<EMAIL_ADDRESS>integrated by Ben Laurie] *) Add support for new TLS ciphersuites, TLS_RSA_EXPORT56_WITH_RC4_56_MD5, TLS_RSA_EXPORT56_WITH_RC2_CBC_56_MD5 and TLS_RSA_EXPORT56_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA, as specified in "56-bit Export Cipher Suites For TLS", draft-ietf-tls-56-bit-ciphersuites-00.txt. [Ben Laurie] *) Add preliminary config info for new extension code. [Steve Henson] *) Make RSA_NO_PADDING really use no padding. [Ulf Moeller<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Generate errors when private/public key check is done. [Ben Laurie] *) Overhaul for 'crl' utility. New function X509_CRL_print. Partial support for some CRL extensions and new objects added. [Steve Henson] *) Really fix the ASN1 IMPLICIT bug this time... Partial support for private key usage extension and fuller support for authority key id. [Steve Henson] *) Add OAEP encryption for the OpenSSL crypto library. OAEP is the improved padding method for RSA, which is recommended for new applications in PKCS #1 v2.0 (RFC 2437, October 1998). OAEP (Optimal Asymmetric Encryption Padding) has better theoretical foundations than the ad-hoc padding used in PKCS #1 v1.5. It is secure against Bleichbacher's attack on RSA. [Ulf Moeller<EMAIL_ADDRESS>reformatted, corrected and integrated by Ben Laurie] *) Updates to the new SSL compression code [Eric A. Young, (from changes to C2Net SSLeay, integrated by Mark Cox)] *) Fix so that the version number in the master secret, when passed via RSA, checks that if TLS was proposed, but we roll back to SSLv3 (because the server will not accept higher), that the version number is 0x03,0x01, not 0x03,0x00 [Eric A. Young, (from changes to C2Net SSLeay, integrated by Mark Cox)] *) Run extensive memory leak checks on SSL apps. Fixed *lots* of memory leaks in ssl/ relating to new X509_get_pubkey() behaviour. Also fixes in apps/ and an unrelated leak in crypto/dsa/dsa_vrf.c [Steve Henson] *) Support for RAW extensions where an arbitrary extension can be created by including its DER encoding. See apps/openssl.cnf for an example. [Steve Henson] *) Make sure latest Perl versions don't interpret some generated C array code as Perl array code in the crypto/err/err_genc.pl script. [Lars Weber<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Modify ms/do_ms.bat to not generate assembly language makefiles since not many people have the assembler. Various Win32 compilation fixes and update to the INSTALL.W32 file with (hopefully) more accurate Win32 build instructions. [Steve Henson] *) Modify configure script 'Configure' to automatically create crypto/date.h file under Win32 and also build pem.h from pem.org. New script util/mkfiles.pl to create the MINFO file on environments that can't do a 'make files': perl util/mkfiles.pl >MINFO should work. [Steve Henson] *) Major rework of DES function declarations, in the pursuit of correctness and purity. As a result, many evil casts evaporated, and some weirdness, too. You may find this causes warnings in your code. Zapping your evil casts will probably fix them. Mostly. [Ben Laurie] *) Fix for a typo in asn1.h. Bug fix to object creation script obj_dat.pl. It considered a zero in an object definition to mean "end of object": none of the objects in objects.h have any zeros so it wasn't spotted. [Steve Henson, reported by Erwann ABALEA<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Add support for Triple DES Cipher Block Chaining with Output Feedback Masking (CBCM). In the absence of test vectors, the best I have been able to do is check that the decrypt undoes the encrypt, so far. Send me test vectors if you have them. [Ben Laurie] *) Correct calculation of key length for export ciphers (too much space was allocated for null ciphers). This has not been tested! [Ben Laurie] *) Modifications to the mkdef.pl for Win32 DEF file creation. The usage message is now correct (it understands "crypto" and "ssl" on its command line). There is also now an "update" option. This will update the util/ssleay.num and util/libeay.num files with any new functions. If you do a: perl util/mkdef.pl crypto ssl update it will update them. [Steve Henson] *) Overhauled the Perl interface (perl/*): - ported BN stuff to OpenSSL's different BN library - made the perl/ source tree CVS-aware - renamed the package from SSLeay to OpenSSL (the files still contain their history because I've copied them in the repository) - removed obsolete files (the test scripts will be replaced by better Test::Harness variants in the future) [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) First cut for a very conservative source tree cleanup: 1. merge various obsolete readme texts into doc/ssleay.txt where we collect the old documents and readme texts. 2. remove the first part of files where I'm already sure that we no longer need them because of three reasons: either they are just temporary files which were left by Eric or they are preserved original files where I've verified that the diff is also available in the CVS via "cvs diff -rSSLeay_0_8_1b" or they were renamed (as it was definitely the case for the crypto/md/ stuff). [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) More extension code. Incomplete support for subject and issuer alt name, issuer and authority key id. Change the i2v function parameters and add an extra 'crl' parameter in the X509V3_CTX structure: guess what that's for :-) Fix to ASN1 macro which messed up IMPLICIT tag and add f_enum.c which adds a2i, i2a for ENUMERATED. [Steve Henson] *) Preliminary support for ENUMERATED type. This is largely copied from the INTEGER code. [Steve Henson] *) Add new function, EVP_MD_CTX_copy() to replace frequent use of memcpy. [Eric A. Young, (from changes to C2Net SSLeay, integrated by Mark Cox)] *) Make sure `make rehash' target really finds the `openssl' program. [Ralf S. Engelschall, Matthias Loepfe<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Squeeze another 7% of speed out of MD5 assembler, at least on a P2. I'd like to hear about it if this slows down other processors. [Ben Laurie] *) Add CygWin32 platform information to Configure script. [Alan Batie<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Fixed ms/32all.bat script: `no_asm' -> `no-asm' [Rainer W. Gerling<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) New program nseq to manipulate netscape certificate sequences [Steve Henson] *) Modify crl2pkcs7 so it supports multiple -certfile arguments. Fix a few typos. [Steve Henson] *) Fixes to BN code. Previously the default was to define BN_RECURSION but the BN code had some problems that would cause failures when doing certificate verification and some other functions. [Eric A. Young, (from changes to C2Net SSLeay, integrated by Mark Cox)] *) Add ASN1 and PEM code to support netscape certificate sequences. [Steve Henson] *) Add ASN1 and PEM code to support netscape certificate sequences. [Steve Henson] *) Add several PKIX and private extended key usage OIDs. [Steve Henson] *) Modify the 'ca' program to handle the new extension code. Modify openssl.cnf for new extension format, add comments. [Steve Henson] *) More X509 V3 changes. Fix typo in v3_bitstr.c. Add support to 'req' and add a sample to openssl.cnf so req -x509 now adds appropriate CA extensions. [Steve Henson] *) Continued X509 V3 changes. Add to other makefiles, integrate with the error code, add initial support to X509_print() and x509 application. [Steve Henson] *) Takes a deep breath and start adding X509 V3 extension support code. Add files in crypto/x509v3. Move original stuff to crypto/x509v3/old. All this stuff is currently isolated and isn't even compiled yet. [Steve Henson] *) Continuing patches for GeneralizedTime. Fix up certificate and CRL ASN1 to use ASN1_TIME and modify print routines to use ASN1_TIME_print. Removed the versions check from X509 routines when loading extensions: this allows certain broken certificates that don't set the version properly to be processed.  [Ben Laurie] *) Spelling mistake in C version of CAST-128. [Ben Laurie, reported by Jeremy Hylton<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Changes to the error generation code. The perl script err-code.pl now reads in the old error codes and retains the old numbers, only adding new ones if necessary. It also only changes the .err files if new codes are added. The makefiles have been modified to only insert errors when needed (to avoid needlessly modifying header files). This is done by only inserting errors if the .err file is newer than the auto generated C file. To rebuild all the error codes from scratch (the old behaviour) either modify crypto/Makefile.ssl to pass the -regen flag to err_code.pl or delete all the .err files. [Steve Henson] *) CAST-128 was incorrectly implemented for short keys. The C version has been fixed, but is untested. The assembler versions are also fixed, but new assembler HAS NOT BEEN GENERATED FOR WIN32 - the Makefile needs fixing to regenerate it if needed. [Ben Laurie, reported (with fix for C version) by Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) File was opened incorrectly in randfile.c. [Ulf Möller<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Beginning of support for GeneralizedTime. d2i, i2d, check and print functions. Also ASN1_TIME suite which is a CHOICE of UTCTime or GeneralizedTime. ASN1_TIME is the proper type used in certificates et al: it's just almost always a UTCTime. Note this patch adds new error codes so do a "make errors" if there are problems. [Steve Henson] *) Correct Linux 1 recognition in config. [Ulf Möller<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Remove pointless MD5 hash when using DSA keys in ca. [Anonymous<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Generate an error if given an empty string as a cert directory. Also generate an error if handed NULL (previously returned 0 to indicate an error, but didn't set one). [Ben Laurie, reported by Anonymous<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Add prototypes to SSL methods. Make SSL_write's buffer const, at last. [Ben Laurie] *) Fix the dummy function BN_ref_mod_exp() in rsaref.c to have the correct parameters. This was causing a warning which killed off the Win32 compile. [Steve Henson] *) Remove C++ style comments from crypto/bn/bn_local.h. [Neil Costigan<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) The function OBJ_txt2nid was broken. It was supposed to return a nid based on a text string, looking up short and long names and finally "dot" format. The "dot" format stuff didn't work. Added new function OBJ_txt2obj to do the same but return an ASN1_OBJECT and rewrote OBJ_txt2nid to use it. OBJ_txt2obj can also return objects even if the OID is not part of the table. [Steve Henson] *) Add prototypes to X509 lookup/verify methods, fixing a bug in X509_LOOKUP_by_alias(). [Ben Laurie] *) Sort openssl functions by name. [Ben Laurie] *) Get the gendsa program working (hopefully) and add it to app list. Remove encryption from sample DSA keys (in case anyone is interested the password was "1234"). [Steve Henson] *) Make _all_ *_free functions accept a NULL pointer. [Frans Heymans<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) If a DH key is generated in s3_srvr.c, don't blow it by trying to use NULL pointers. [Anonymous<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) s_server should send the CAfile as acceptable CAs, not its own cert. [Bodo Moeller<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Don't blow it for numeric -newkey arguments to apps/req. [Bodo Moeller<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Temp key "for export" tests were wrong in s3_srvr.c. [Anonymous<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Add prototype for temp key callback functions SSL_CTX_set_tmp_{rsa,dh}_callback(). [Ben Laurie] *) Make DH_free() tolerate being passed a NULL pointer (like RSA_free() and DSA_free()). Make X509_PUBKEY_set() check for errors in d2i_PublicKey(). [Steve Henson] *) X509_name_add_entry() freed the wrong thing after an error. [Arne Ansper<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) rsa_eay.c would attempt to free a NULL context. [Arne Ansper<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) BIO_s_socket() had a broken should_retry() on Windoze. [Arne Ansper<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) BIO_f_buffer() didn't pass on BIO_CTRL_FLUSH. [Arne Ansper<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Make sure the already existing X509_STORE->depth variable is initialized in X509_STORE_new(), but document the fact that this variable is still unused in the certificate verification process. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Fix the various library and apps files to free up pkeys obtained from X509_PUBKEY_get() et al. Also allow x509.c to handle netscape extensions. [Steve Henson] *) Fix reference counting in X509_PUBKEY_get(). This makes demos/maurice/example2.c work, amongst others, probably. [Steve Henson and Ben Laurie] *) First cut of a cleanup for apps/. First the `ssleay' program is now named `openssl' and second, the shortcut symlinks for the `openssl <command>' are no longer created. This way we have a single and consistent command line interface `openssl <command>', similar to `cvs <command>'. [Ralf S. Engelschall, Paul Sutton and Ben Laurie] *) ca.c: move test for DSA keys inside #ifndef NO_DSA. Make pubkey BIT STRING wrapper always have zero unused bits. [Steve Henson] *) Add CA.pl, perl version of CA.sh, add extended key usage OID. [Steve Henson] *) Make the top-level INSTALL documentation easier to understand. [Paul Sutton] *) Makefiles updated to exit if an error occurs in a sub-directory make (including if user presses ^C) [Paul Sutton] *) Make Montgomery context stuff explicit in RSA data structure. [Ben Laurie] *) Fix build order of pem and err to allow for generated pem.h. [Ben Laurie] *) Fix renumbering bug in X509_NAME_delete_entry(). [Ben Laurie] *) Enhanced the err-ins.pl script so it makes the error library number global and can add a library name. This is needed for external ASN1 and other error libraries. [Steve Henson] *) Fixed sk_insert which never worked properly. [Steve Henson] *) Fix ASN1 macros so they can handle indefinite length constructed EXPLICIT tags. Some non standard certificates use these: they can now be read in. [Steve Henson] *) Merged the various old/obsolete SSLeay documentation files (doc/xxx.doc) into a single doc/ssleay.txt bundle. This way the information is still preserved but no longer messes up this directory. Now it's new room for the new set of documentation files. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) SETs were incorrectly DER encoded. This was a major pain, because they shared code with SEQUENCEs, which aren't coded the same. This means that almost everything to do with SETs or SEQUENCEs has either changed name or number of arguments. [Ben Laurie, based on a partial fix by GP Jayan<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Fix test data to work with the above. [Ben Laurie] *) Fix the RSA header declarations that hid a bug I fixed in 0.9.0b but was already fixed by Eric for 0.9.1 it seems. [Ben Laurie - pointed out by Ulf Möller<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Autodetect FreeBSD3. [Ben Laurie] *) Fix various bugs in Configure. This affects the following platforms: nextstep ncr-scde unixware-2.0 unixware-2.0-pentium sco5-cc. [Ben Laurie] *) Eliminate generated files from CVS. Reorder tests to regenerate files before they are needed. [Ben Laurie] *) Generate Makefile.ssl from Makefile.org (to keep CVS happy). [Ben Laurie] Changes between 0.9.1b and 0.9.1c [23-Dec-1998] *) Added OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER to crypto/crypto.h and changed SSLeay to OpenSSL in version strings. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Some fixups to the top-level documents. [Paul Sutton] *) Fixed the nasty bug where rsaref.h was not found under compile-time because the symlink to include/ was missing. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Incorporated the popular no-RSA/DSA-only patches which allow to compile a RSA-free SSLeay. [Andrew Cooke / Interrader Ldt., Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Fixed nasty rehash problem under `make -f Makefile.ssl links' when "ssleay" is still not found. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Added more platforms to Configure: Cray T3E, HPUX 11, [Ralf S. Engelschall, Beckmann<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Updated the README file. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Added various .cvsignore files in the CVS repository subdirs to make a "cvs update" really silent. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Recompiled the error-definition header files and added missing symbols to the Win32 linker tables. [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Cleaned up the top-level documents; o new files: CHANGES and LICENSE o merged VERSION, HISTORY* and README* files a CHANGES.SSLeay o merged COPYRIGHT into LICENSE o removed obsolete TODO file o renamed MICROSOFT to INSTALL.W32 [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Removed dummy files from the 0.9.1b source tree: crypto/asn1/x crypto/bio/cd crypto/bio/fg crypto/bio/grep crypto/bio/vi crypto/bn/asm/......add.c crypto/bn/asm/a.out crypto/dsa/f crypto/md5/f crypto/pem/gmon.out crypto/perlasm/f crypto/pkcs7/build crypto/rsa/f crypto/sha/asm/f crypto/threads/f ms/zzz ssl/f ssl/f.mak test/f util/f.mak util/pl/f util/pl/f.mak crypto/bf/bf_locl.old apps/f [Ralf S. Engelschall] *) Added various platform portability fixes. [Mark J. Cox] *) The Genesis of the OpenSSL rpject: We start with the latest (unreleased) SSLeay version 0.9.1b which Eric A. Young and Tim J. Hudson created while they were working for C2Net until summer 1998. [The OpenSSL Project] Changes between 0.9.0b and 0.9.1b [not released] *) Updated a few CA certificates under certs/ [Eric A. Young] *) Changed some BIGNUM api stuff. [Eric A. Young] *) Various platform ports: OpenBSD, Ultrix, IRIX 64bit, NetBSD, DGUX x86, Linux Alpha, etc. [Eric A. Young] *) New COMP library [crypto/comp/] for SSL Record Layer Compression: RLE (dummy implemented) and ZLIB (really implemented when ZLIB is available). [Eric A. Young] *) Add -strparse option to asn1pars program which parses nested binary structures [Dr Stephen Henson<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*) Added "oid_file" to ssleay.cnf for "ca" and "req" programs. [Eric A. Young] *) DSA fix for "ca" program. [Eric A. Young] *) Added "-genkey" option to "dsaparam" program. [Eric A. Young] *) Added RIPE MD160 (rmd160) message digest. [Eric A. Young] *) Added -a (all) option to "ssleay version" command. [Eric A. Young] *) Added PLATFORM define which is the id given to Configure. [Eric A. Young] *) Added MemCheck_XXXX functions to crypto/mem.c for memory checking. [Eric A. Young] *) Extended the ASN.1 parser routines. [Eric A. Young] *) Extended BIO routines to support REUSEADDR, seek, tell, etc. [Eric A. Young] *) Added a BN_CTX to the BN library. [Eric A. Young] *) Fixed the weak key values in DES library [Eric A. Young] *) Changed API in EVP library for cipher aliases. [Eric A. Young] *) Added support for RC2/64bit cipher. [Eric A. Young] *) Converted the lhash library to the crypto/mem.c functions. [Eric A. Young] *) Added more recognized ASN.1 object ids. [Eric A. Young] *) Added more RSA padding checks for SSL/TLS. [Eric A. Young] *) Added BIO proxy/filter functionality. [Eric A. Young] *) Added extra_certs to SSL_CTX which can be used send extra CA certificates to the client in the CA cert chain sending process. It can be configured with SSL_CTX_add_extra_chain_cert(). [Eric A. Young] *) Now Fortezza is denied in the authentication phase because this is key exchange mechanism is not supported by SSLeay at all. [Eric A. Young] *) Additional PKCS1 checks. [Eric A. Young] *) Support the string "TLSv1" for all TLS v1 ciphers. [Eric A. Young] *) Added function SSL_get_ex_data_X509_STORE_CTX_idx() which gives the ex_data index of the SSL context in the X509_STORE_CTX ex_data. [Eric A. Young] *) Fixed a few memory leaks. [Eric A. Young] *) Fixed various code and comment typos. [Eric A. Young] *) A minor bug in ssl/s3_clnt.c where there would always be 4 0 bytes sent in the client random. [Edward Bishop<EMAIL_ADDRESS>| |||||||||||||||


(I remember)
Leave your ego at the door.
"No develeoper I've met has wrote bad code intentionally. There is usually a reason behind it so ask why."
"When you have a big project, slice it into smaller projects. It makes it more manageable."
"Phpspec is the weirdest of mind set shifts, and then once you get it, you're productivity sky rockets. An absolutely awesome tool."
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>@mart_iis


The_Strain
The Strain is a high-concept thriller that tells the story of Dr. Ephraim Goodweather, the head of the Center for Disease Control Canary Team in New York City. He and his team are called upon to investigate a mysterious viral outbreak with hallmarks of an ancient and evil strain of vampirism. As the strain spreads, Goodweather, his team, and an assembly of everyday New Yorkers wage war for the fate of humanity itself.


Abide seeks to strengthen families in Jesus.
About Abide
For over 20 years, Mike and Robyn Carnill have committed their lives to strengthening the relationships of others with Jesus, which is the basis of Abide. Whether it happens through one-on-one discipleship, prayer, solitude retreats, deep friendships, or some other way, Mike and Robyn desire to see anyone who is willing to listen to Jesus come to live more fully in him.
Throughout its history, Abide has changed and grown, reminiscent of the vine growing from the branch that Jesus desires our lives to be. In the beginning, Abide thrived as Mike and Robyn made themselves available to others on an individual basis, which they still do; however, Abide now welcomes and provides a way for others to love those God is calling them to love. Abide currently hosts seven other families and individuals (Patron, Beholders, Restoring, 70x7, Cultivate, Kingdom Sea, and Transplanters) who are serving others in a variety of ways, giving them meaingingful coaching, oversight, and a tax-deductible organization in which to raise funds as they begin their journey of strengthening others in Jesus.
Donate to Abide
In order to sustain their work of strengthening families in Jesus, Abide receives donations as part of Abide Ministries, a 501(c)(3) organization located in Rochester, MI that provides financial and organizational oversight. All donations made to Abide are tax-deductible through Abide Ministries. Abide partners with Donorbox to enable donors to make one time and recurring donations, while allowing them to manage their own giving in a safe, secure, and reliable environment.
ONLINE GIFTS
Online gifts can be made using the form on this page, or at https://donorbox.org/abide. You can make one-time or recurring gifts using credit cards, debit cards, or bank transfers. All transactions are processed through Donorbox (a Stripe partner) for the highest level of security and convenience. Once you make a gift, you can manage your gift at www.donorbox.org.
CHECK GIFTS
Check gifts can be made out to:
Abide Ministries
323 Linwood Dr
Rochester, MI 48307


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Create your app using only basic knowledge about HTML, CSS and Arduino. Instead of learning advanced coding focus on overall experience and quickly develop results.
Using CSS allows you to work on layout and interfacing with device at once. Involt comes with UI kit to help you get started.
Desktop or mobile? Wireless? There is no need to rebuild project from scratch. With Involt everything is simple.
The foundations of Involt is overcoming obstacles that blocks many concepts from making it to the real world. There are many prototyping tools for software and hardware but none covers both. With its fresh approach, inject tangible interactions into your app like never before.
This example code creates simple button that turns on LED.
For more advanced project you can use JavaScript and JQuery. You can do the same thing with Involt JQuery methods:


>From princess ifeoma The Palace of King of Ogoni Kingdom, Ogoni Oil producing community, Rivers State Nigeria. PRINCESS Email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>My lawyer phone number<PHONE_NUMBER>775 Email: him for more information please Dear Sir, I am Princess IFEOMA , daughter of HRH King Solomon Abonime, the king of Ogoni Kingdom. I am 25 years old and a graduate of Mass Communication. My father was the king of Ogoni Kingdom the highest oil producing area in Nigeria. He was in charge of reviving royalties from the multi-national oil companies and government on behalf of the oil producing communities in Nigeria. After the hanging of the Ogoni Nine(9) including Ken Saro Wiwa by the late dictator General Sani Abacha, my father suffered stroke and died in August27th last year. But before his death, he called me and told me he has sixthy six Million United States Dollars (USD66,000,000.00) cash in his possession, specially deposited in a Security vault company in eroupe. He advised me not to tell anybody except my mother who is the last wife of the (8) eight wives that he married. My mother did not bear any male child for him. Which implies that all my father?s properties, companies e.t.c., we have no share in them because my mother has no male child according to African Tradition. My father therefore secretly gave me all the relevant documents of the said money, and told me that I should use this money with my mother and my younger sisters because he knows that tradtionally, if he dies we cannnot get anything, as inheritance. He importantly advised me that I should seek foreign assistannce and that I should not invest this money here in Nigeria because of his other wives and male children who happen to be my elders. I am soliciting for your immediate assistance to get a Bungalow for us, where I will live with my mother and two younger sisters and further advise me where and how I will invest the balance money overseas, possibly on products of your company and other profitable ventures. I believe that by the special grace of God, you will help us move this money out of eroupe to your country where we can invest this money judiciously with you. You are entitled to a reasonable part of this money based on our agreement, and God will bless you as you help us. PLease reply through my e-mail Looking forward to hear from you as soon as possibleand also my lawyer email address:(adekunle_smithmike@hotmail.com). Regards. Princess Ifeoma. NB This is my email address:princess201@fastermail.com


Ice on the Moon
origins and distribution
Is the Moon wet? Over the last several years, new data from remote sensing and sample analysis revealed greater amounts of water on the lunar surface than previously thought. Concentrations of water at the poles indicate the presence of ice deposits, which could reveal a history of comet and asteroid impacts, solar wind, and outgassing from the Moon’s interior.
Many mysteries remain regarding lunar volatiles: What are their present and past sources? How are volatiles delivered, transported, and sequestered? What is the role of small-scale shadowing on temperature and ice stability? To investigate some of these questions, we used data from several instruments on the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, including thermal data from the Diviner Lunar Radiometer Experiment. By comparing the distribution of cold traps (~110 K for H2O) with ultraviolet and near-infrared spectral data, we discovered a signature of water ice sequestered in the dark polar shadows. Further observations and modeling are needed to understand the patchy distribution of lunar volatiles, and whether their concentrations are high enough for in situ resource utilization.
Further information:
- Hayne, P. O., Hendrix, A., Sefton-Nash, E., Siegler, M. A., Lucey, P. G., Retherford, K. D., ... & Paige, D. A. (2015). Evidence for exposed water ice in the Moon’s south polar regions from Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter ultraviolet albedo and temperature measurements. Icarus, 255, 58-69. Link
- Hayne, P. O., Greenhagen, B. T., Foote, M. C., Siegler, M. A., Vasavada, A. R., & Paige, D. A. (2010). Diviner lunar radiometer observations of the LCROSS impact. Science, 330(6003), 477-479. Link


| ifsogui.splitter: | Types | Modinfo | Source |
| ifsoGUI_Splitter | Button Type. |
| Type ifsoGUI_Splitter Extends ifsoGUI_Base | |
| Description | Button Type. |
| Methods Summary | |
|---|---|
| Draw | Draws the button gadget. |
| GetMaxPos | Gets the maximum positions of the splitter. |
| GetMinPos | Gets the minimum positions of the splitter. |
| GetStyle | Gets the style of the splitter. |
| gMouseDown | Called when the mouse button is pressed on the gadget. |
| gMouseUp | Called when the mouse button is released on the gadget. |
| IsMouseOver | Returns whether or not the mouse is over the gadget. |
| MouseOut | Called when the mouse leaves the gadget. |
| MouseOver | Called when the mouse is over this gadget. |
| MouseStatus | Called to determine the mouse status from the gadget. |
| SetMinMaxPos | Sets the minimum and maximum positions of the splitter. |
| SetStyle | Sets the style of the splitter. |
| Functions Summary | |
|---|---|
| Create | Create and returns a splitter gadget. |
| Method Draw(parX:Int, parY:Int, parW:Int, parH:Int) | |
| Description | Draws the button gadget. |
| Information | Internal function should not be called by the user. |
| Method GetMaxPos:Int() | |
| Description | Gets the maximum positions of the splitter. |
| Information | Affects X pos for Vertical Splitter and Y pos for Horizontal Splitter. |
| Method GetMinPos:Int() | |
| Description | Gets the minimum positions of the splitter. |
| Information | Affects X pos for Vertical Splitter and Y pos for Horizontal Splitter. |
| Method GetStyle:Int() | |
| Description | Gets the style of the splitter. |
| Information | True for Vertical, False for Horizontal. |
| Method gMouseDown(iButton:Int, iMouseX:Int, iMouseY:Int) | |
| Description | Called when the mouse button is pressed on the gadget. |
| Information | Internal function should not be called by the user. |
| Method gMouseUp(iButton:Int, iMouseX:Int, iMouseY:Int) | |
| Description | Called when the mouse button is released on the gadget. |
| Information | Internal function should not be called by the user. |
| Method IsMouseOver:Int(parX:Int, parY:Int, parW:Int, parH:Int, iMouseX:Int, iMouseY:Int) | |
| Description | Returns whether or not the mouse is over the gadget. |
| Information | Internal function should not be called by the user. This gadget lies, if the mousebutton has been pressed, then it responds true. |
| Method MouseOut(iMouseX:Int, iMouseY:Int, gOverGadget:ifsoGUI_Base) 'Called when mouse no longer over gadget | |
| Description | Called when the mouse leaves the gadget. |
| Information | Internal function should not be called by the user. |
| Method MouseOver(iMouseX:Int, iMouseY:Int, gWasOverGadget:ifsoGUI_Base) 'Called when mouse is over the gadget, only topmost gadget | |
| Description | Called when the mouse is over this gadget. |
| Information | Internal function should not be called by the user. |
| Method MouseStatus:Int(iMouseX:Int, iMouseY:Int) | |
| Description | Called to determine the mouse status from the gadget. |
| Information | Called to the active gadget if button is pressed, otherwise called to MouseOver gadget. Internal function should not be called by the user. |
| Method SetMinMaxPos(MinPos:Int, MaxPos:Int) | |
| Description | Sets the minimum and maximum positions of the splitter. |
| Information | Affects X pos for Vertical Splitter and Y pos for Horizontal Splitter. |
| Method SetStyle(Vertical:Int) | |
| Description | Sets the style of the splitter. |
| Information | True for Vertical, False for Horizontal. |
| Function Create:ifsoGUI_Splitter(iX:Int, iY:Int, iW:Int, iH:Int, strName:String, Vertical:Int = False) | |
| Description | Create and returns a splitter gadget. |
| Version | 1.00 |
|---|---|
| Author | Marcus Trisdale |
| Copyright | (c) 2013 Marcus Trisdale |


Intro¶
AutoTS¶
Model Selection for Multiple Time Series
Simple package for comparing and predicting with open-source time series implementations.
For other time series needs, check out the list here.
Features¶
Twenty available model classes, with tens of thousands of possible hyperparameter configurations
Finds optimal time series models by genetic programming
Handles univariate and multivariate/parallel time series
Point and probabilistic forecasts
Ability to handle messy data by learning optimal NaN imputation and outlier removal
Ability to add external known-in-advance regressor
Allows automatic ensembling of best models
Multiple cross validation options
Subsetting and weighting to improve search on many multivariate series
Option to use one or a combination of metrics for model selection
Import and export of templates allowing greater user customization
Basic Use¶
pip install autots
This includes dependencies for basic models, but additonal packages are required for some models and methods.
Input data is expected to come in a ‘long’ format with three columns:
Date (ideally already in pd.DateTime format)
Value
Series ID. For a single time series, series_id can be
= None
.
The column name for each of these is passed to .fit().
# also: _hourly, _daily, _weekly, or _yearly
from autots.datasets import load_monthly
df_long = load_monthly()
from autots import AutoTS
model = AutoTS(forecast_length=3, frequency='infer',
prediction_interval=0.9, ensemble='all',
model_list='superfast',
max_generations=5, num_validations=2,
validation_method='even')
model = model.fit(df_long, date_col='datetime',
value_col='value', id_col='series_id')
# Print the details of the best model
print(model)
prediction = model.predict()
# point forecasts dataframe
forecasts_df = prediction.forecast
# accuracy of all tried model results
model_results = model.results()
# and aggregated from cross validation
validation_results = model.results("validation")
Check out extended_tutorial.md for a more detailed guide to features!
How to Contribute:¶
Give feedback on where you find the documentation confusing
Use AutoTS and…
Report errors and request features by adding Issues on GitHub
Posting the top model templates for your data (to help improve the starting templates)
Feel free to recommend different search grid parameters for your favorite models
And, of course, contributing to the codebase directly on GitHub!
Also known as Project CATS (Catlin’s Automated Time Series) hence the logo.


twitterSearchFeed
A simple Twitter search feed
Problem Description Using only standard CSS, HTML, Javascript, Backbone, Underscore, JQuery (not JQuery UI or JQuery plugins) and the Twitter 1.0 API, this is a basic functioning Twitter search feed.
When first opened, the application prompts the user to enter a search string to initialize the twitterfeed. On subsequent openings, the app remembers the last search the user performed.
The application automatically displays new tweets in the search stream using a time interval, and also provides a button for the user to manually refresh the stream without reloading the page.
The application uses one Backbone view, model, and collection and make uses of an Underscore template to display the following tweet metadata. A tweet does not need to support clickable URLs, clickable username or show embedded media):
- fromusername
- profile_image
- tweet text
- create date
The design is focused towards the "average" non-technical user. It takes careful note of edge cases and error resolution process (both programmatically and in the UI).
Areas of Focus
- Clean code
- Succinct yet clear documentation
- Edge case handling
- Pleasant operation
- Accurate results
- Demonstrable understanding of core web technologies
Resources
- Backbone JS: http://backbonejs.org/
- Underscore JS: http://underscorejs.org/
- JQuery through Google CDN: https://developers.google.com/speed/libraries/devguide
- Twitter Search API: https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1.1/get/search
- RequireJS
- CasperJS
Architecture and Design
Visual design
The app starts with some explanative text and a search input, styled as a search input and with a search button. Upon tapping the search button and having more than 0 results, the search input is hidden, results are displayed and a refresh icon is displayed. If there are no results, a no results section is displayed and the search remains. The search results are persisted to the device and are available if the user visits the app again.
There is explicitly no "fancy" UI, such as: pull to refresh spinner during search or refresh change the time interval for auto-refresh show new tweets such as a highlight or the twitter style (n new results, tap to show) show time of last refresh show offline/online state pagination of long results login so my personal oauth credentials are used. warning the user if localStorage isn't available bookmarking the app reasonable styling, shading, corners... a button to cancel the persisted search
Application Architecture and design
The application is primarily javascript using Backbone and RequireJS. It uses a twitter proxy due to browser same origin policy.
The twitter best practices guide says "Include a sinceid when asking for Tweets. sinceid should be set to the value of the last Tweet you received or the maxid from the Search API response. If the sinceid you provide is older than the index allows, it will be updated to the oldest sinceid available." so the sinceid or the max_id from the previous search is used
The Twitter app is at https://dev.twitter.com/apps/5062978/show, twitsearchfeed is the brilliant name
The app uses the php twitter proxy from http://mikerogers.io/2013/02/25/how-use-twitter-oauth-1-1-javascriptjquery.html. I added a check for max URL length of about 1020 characters. I changed it so the blacklist is a pattern match on the url to allow search queries to go through, rather than exact matches as originally designed. The proxy does not filter the response data, that's an obvious future performance enhancement. whitelist.
It is deployed on heroku at http://twittersearchfeed.herokuapp.com/
Grunt automates the running of jsdoc, jshint, jasmine unit tests, casperjs functional tests, and deployment to git. grunt test will run jshint, jasmine unit tests and casperjs ftests.
There is a backbone model for a feed item and a feed, a collection of feed items.  With approval, the statement "The application uses one Backbone view, model, and collection" is interpreted as one or more views, one or more models, and one or more collections. Moving the feed, feedItem, and feedItemsCollection into one view doesn't seem natural.
As Sep 16th, the FeedItemsCollection uses Backbones built in URL handling with parsing. backbone.localStorage is used to persist the Feed model and the feedItemsCollection. There is conflict between the fetch for localStorage and the fetch for the twitter search. There is a fetchRemote function to disambiguate. There can be duplicate sync events issued after the local or remote stores have been fetched. It would be good for backbone to have a way for the store provider to indicate which store was synced.
The UI is performant on refresh as any new tweets are inserted at the top and the existing tweets are not rendered. There is a maximum number of tweets that are stored to prevent out of memory errors and sluggishness. Extra models are removed and the DOM nodes are removed. I believe this means they really are removed and do not become zombies, but I'm not 100% positive. The feeditems are fairly minimal in their markup. Each element is required for a css selector, and no more.
There is currently no mechanism to rate limit a users requests including auto-refresh.
The search and refresh icons are from Hootsuite's desktop app. They should be a bit larger.
If localStorage is not available, the app still functions but without persistence. It wasn't worth making a custom modernizr build to just check for localStorage.
Note: to restart and kill the previous search, enter the javascript console and type localStorage.clear(). Alternatively, localStorage can be disabled using incognito mode.
Testing
The files pass jshint, with 2 warnings excluded. grunt jshint runs the jshint tests.
Casperjs tests can be run with casperjs test js/test/FTest.js or grunt casperjs or grunt ftest
jasmine tests can be run with SpecRunner.html, such as http://twittersearchfeed.herokuapp.com/SpecRunner.html, and grunt jasmine or grunt unittest
grunt test will run jshint, unittest, and ftest
The Feed model and the FeedItems Collections are coupled to the localStorage. There's a bit more unit testing that could be done, such as checking for max lengths.
It looks like the 2 ways of clearing localstorage: 1) casper.evaluate of removing localStorage (delete localStorage.feed and localStorage.removeItem('feed'), and 2) adding a reset button that clears it; don't work well with casper js. There is a manual way to remove the localStorage: rm ~/Library/Application\ Support/Ofi\ Labs/PhantomJS/httplocalhost0.localstorage
I resorted to resetting the models in addition to removing localStorage when a custom reset method is called, typically via a hidden reset button. After the models are reset, the UI resets to the search state as there are just empty models then. This workaround enables the casper ftests to run to completion.
There could be more unit tests or ftests, such as images correctly displayed, exact correct formatting of the elements, etc. It is important to only test the external behavior, not the internals. This allows for refactoring and changes without needless test rewrites. Also, the FTest.js file has some duplicate code because there are problems guaranteeing ordering of executing.
TODO:
- Sep 15 changes broke jsdoc
- Clean up FTest.js dup code
- Clean up automated github and heroku deployment
Installation
Grunt
- npm install -g grunt-cli
- npm install
- npm install grunt-shell
- npm install grunt-contrib-jasmine
- npm install requirejs
- npm install grunt-jsdoc
- npm install -g git://github.com/jsdoc3/jsdoc.git
Valiant attempts
Couldn't split casperjs tests into multiple files per https://gist.github.com/n1k0/3813361. The waitFor doesn't wait in file like: var x = require('casper').selectXPath; casper.test.comment("Ftest"); casper.start("http://localhost/~dave/twittersearchfeed/"); casper.waitForSelector("form input#query", function success() { this.click("form input#query"); }, function fail() { test.assertExists("form input#query", "Twitter Search Feed down the middle tests: form input#query"); }); casper.echo("finished waiting");
Can't run multiple casperjs suites per file per https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/casperjs/VrtkdGQl3FA
Something has broken recently in grunt-contrib-jasmine and previously working tests and these tests don't run. I tried both normal and --save-dev versions. A common problem is The 0.5.1 version of jasmine-phantomjs has a rights problem so you may need to sudo chmod a+x nodemodules/grunt-contrib-jasmine/nodemodules/grunt-lib-phantomjs/nodemodules/phantomjs/lib/phantom/bin/phantomjs Even after that, the loading of the js/test/specs/spec.js in the generated SpecRunner.html timesout.
Other things
I spent at least half and maybe 2/3 of the effort on the casperjs tests. I found it a very fragile and unpolished product. See the previous comments about inability to split tests into suites within a file and across files, needing to manually reset localStorage. Many things just don't work. I found the ordering of the tests to be fairly random. I eneded up wrapping a lot of calls in then() and this made the test code even more complicated.
I originally posted this on Sep 11, but I mistakenly put my twitter OAuth keys in the first commit. I had to remove that commit for obvious reasons.  Doc'd in http://feeding.cloud.geek.nz/posts/combining-multiple-commits-into-one/. Unfortunately that lost the git history from Sep 12 to Sep 13th. I have put a version from noonish on Sept 12th at branch "sept12"


EVO HTML to PDF Converter allows you to merge a set of PDF documents into another PDF document. The resulted PDF document can be saved to a file, stream or memory buffer.
The following options are available in this demo:
-
First Document to Merge. A link to the first PDF file to merge
-
Second Document to Merge. A link to the second PDF file to merge


Select a Course
{% for c in courses %}
{{c}} ({{c.length|floatformat}} Nm)
{% endfor %}
Powered by
Yachter
.


start()
on java.lang.Thread
or any of its subclasses during object construction.
While occasionally useful, such constructs should be avoided due to inheritance issues. Subclasses of a class that launches a thread during the object construction will not have finished any initialization logic of their own before the thread has launched.
This inspection does not report if the class that starts a thread is declared final
.
Example:
class MyThread extends Thread {
MyThread() {
start();
}
}


--- layout: default ---
This is a page that is dedicated to reporting on the latest in the Call of Duty World League. This page has no direct link to the CWL or to any of the teams. This is a page that was created by a fan to report on the league that he is passionate about. This page is dedicated solely to finding information about the pro league and reporting on it. This page will continue to develop, grow each year, and add more features. Feedback is appreciated! Please scroll down and fill out the form below the image to give reccomendations or criticism.
If you have any questions regarding my site or have anything you would like to see added contact me below


Blacksmith of Mammon:
I'll make an even exchange of weapons with you. For example, I will exchange a Mithril Dagger for a two-handed Claymore of the same level. However, there are a couple of things you should know.
Special abilities don't transfer.
Enchantments do transfer with exchange.
Make an even exchange of weapons.


Algebra: The interface to the modules of 'algebra': a representation of several basic algebraic structures (e.g., groups, rings, vector spaces) as Idris datatypes (axioms fully enforced).
Mathematically, the idea of an algebraic structure is quite simple. Consider (a) the set of integers \(\mathbb{Z}\), (b) two of the most basic functions on it, \(+: \mathbb{Z}^2 \to \mathbb{Z} \) and \(\cdot: \mathbb{Z}^2 \to \mathbb{Z}\), and (c) two unique elements of it, \(0\) and \(1\). There are various obvious properties that universally hold; e.g.:
(Unquantified variables are implicitly quantified over the domain of discourse, \(\mathbb{Z}\).) These properties are referred to, respectively, as associativity, commutativity, identities, additive inverses, and dsitributivity of (multiplication over addition). There are various things to note. Plenty of other sets satisfy these laws; for example, the rational numbers, or the real numbers, or the complex numbers. Note also that, say, the irrational numbers do not satisfy these properties; \(pi + (1-\pi)\) is rational, and so \(+\) isn't even a binary function over the irrationals! Finally, note the asymmetry in the fourth law, an asymmetry not present in the others. This is necessary, as the following property (referred to as multiplicative inverses) does not hold:
While \(2\), for example, does have a multiplicative inverse among the rationals, it doesn't when we restrict our attention to the integers. (In fact, not even the rational numbers satisfy the above law, because \(0\) does not have a multiplicative inverse. After modifying the law to account for that special case, however, the rationals do satisfy it, while the integers still don't.)
So, was the point of all this? All we did was consider some numbers that everyone is familiar with and mention some elementary properties of them. How does that lead to any interesting mathematical questions? Well, the key idea, the crucial motivating question of abstract algebra, is the following:
What happens when we go in the other direction?
That is, what happens when we start with a list of properties, then ask what sorts of things satisfy it? The answers to this question are more diverse than you may expect. For example, in addition to the integers and its extensions, other more esoteric sets satisfy the above laws. E.g., the set of integers modulo five, \(\mathbb{Z}_5 = \left\{\overline{0}, \overline{1}, \overline{2}, \overline{3}, \overline{4}\right\}\). In the set, to calculate the "sum" of two elements, we calculate their usual sum, then take that modulo 5 (that is, the remainder when dividing by 5; the modulo operation is essentially a generalization of the concept of even and odd numbers to divisibilities other than by 2); similarly with the product. Thus, for example, \(\overline{4} + \overline{3} = \overline{2}\). A similar line of reasoning indicates that additive inverses exist---in fact, so do multiplicative inverses, at least for non-\(0\) elements! Observe:
However, if we look at the integers modulo 6 (\(\mathbb{Z}_6\)), we find that multiplicative inverses do not always exist; only \(\overline{1}\) and \(\overline{-1} = \overline{5}\) are invertible. (Try it!) In fact, the integers modulo n, \(\mathbb{Z}_n\), satisfy the weakened (i.e., ignoring \(0\)) multiplicative inverse law if and only if \(n\) is prime.
 You start with some set with defined operations (a pairing known as a "structure") that you are familiar with, you distill that structure down to its most basic and fundamental properties, and then you look at what sorts of things satisfy those properties and what those properties alone entail. This allows you to generalize familiar structures to more abstract ideas---the original motivating structure becomes just a special case of a more general property, and seemingly disparate things suddenly become two special cases of a more general idea.
Note that in the process of generalization, we choose to "forget" any auxiliary properties of the motivating structure. That is, the set of objects, the binary functions \(+\) and \(\cdot\), and the privilleged elements \(0\) and \(1\), are not necessarily numbers, addition, multiplication, zero, or one (respectively)! They can be any mathematical object (that is, any concept that can be precisely defined) satisfying the list of properties above. In other words, they are like numbers with respect to the most basic qualities of them, but they may in fact be completely different!
Thus, using the axioms as a starting point, one can ask which properties are entailed by them, and which properties will differ between different implementations of the axioms. What are the necessary and sufficient conditions for various additional facts? E.g., does it follow from the laws above that every element has a unique factorization? Among the motivating structure of the integers this was true (a fact known as the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic); in general, though, it is false! The question then becomes how to further classify the space of implementations---what's the simplest way to divide those that do always admit a unique factorization and those that don't? These are the kinds of questions that the framework of algebraic structures allows you to ask.
The laws given above define a ring; that is, any set (with the two defined binary operations over it, as well as the two distinguished elements (which can be thought of as nullary operations for uniformity)) satisfying the above list of properties is known as a ring. The laws are called the ring axioms. Ring theory is the branch of math studying rings, how they relate to each other (namely, via ring homomorphisms), and how they relate to other mathematical objects. Rings are not the only algebraic structure; there are many, many more, and this package defines a few of the more important ones as Idris records, as well as some members of that type. Each module contains in its documentation an overview of that algebraic structure and some interesting properties of them that make them worth studying.
To create a term of an algebraic structure's type, one must not only provide
the sets and operations with the proper signatures, but also provide proofs
of the axioms of that algebraic structure. To see how this works, you might
want to take a look at Algebra.Group
.
If one attempts to define both the Question and the Answer, the project will fail to typecheck.


What is Hyperloop?
Get ready for the Sphinx of public transport! The idea of a car,
the convenience of a train and the speed of a plane! It doesn’t get better than this!
The Hyperloop is a new, futuristic mode of transportation conceptualized by entrepreneur
Elon Musk (CEO SpaceX & Tesla Motors). It is a high speed ground transportation system that
relies on pressurized pods, travelling inside a low-pressure environment.
It is both cheaper and greener. And it is no longer just conceptual. Construction of a
full scale prototype is already in progress.
Based on the "Hyperloop (Alpha)" white-paper , SpaceX is now organizing
the Hyperloop pod competition to design the best pods.
Read more
About Hyperloop
Overcoming the Kantrowitz Limit
Whenever you have a capsule or pod moving at high speed through a tube containing air, there is a minimum tube to
pod area ratio below which you will choke the flow. What this means is that if
the walls of the tube and the capsule are too close together, the capsule will
behave like a syringe and eventually be forced to push the entire column of air
in the system. Not good.
Nature’s top speed law for a given tube to pod area ratio is known as the
Kantrowitz limit. This is highly problematic, as it forces you to either go slowly
or have a super huge diameter tube. Interestingly, there are usually two
solutions to the Kantrowitz limit – one where you go slowly and one where you
go really, really fast.
The latter solution sounds mighty appealing at first, until you realize that going
several thousand miles per hour means that you can’t tolerate even wide turns
without painful g loads. For a journey from San Francisco to LA, you will also
experience a rather intense speed up and slow down. And, when you get right
down to it, going through transonic buffet in a tube is just fundamentally a
dodgy prospect.
Both for trip comfort and safety, it would be best to travel at high subsonic
speeds for a 350 mile journey. For much longer journeys, such as LA to NY, it
would be worth exploring super high speeds and this is probably technically
feasible, but, as mentioned above, I believe the economics would probably
favor a supersonic plane.
The approach that I believe would overcome the Kantrowitz limit is to mount
an electric compressor fan on the nose of the pod that actively transfers high
pressure air from the front to the rear of the vessel. This is like having a pump
in the head of the syringe actively relieving pressure.
It would also simultaneously solve another problem, which is how to create a
low friction suspension system when traveling at over 700 mph. Wheels don’t
work very well at that sort of speed, but a cushion of air does. Air bearings,
which use the same basic principle as an air hockey table, have been
demonstrated to work at speeds of Mach 1.1 with very low friction. In this
case, however, it is the pod that is producing the air cushion, rather than the
tube, as it is important to make the tube as low cost and simple as possible.
That then begs the next question of whether a battery can store enough energy
to power a fan for the length of the journey with room to spare. Based on our
calculations, this is no problem, so long as the energy used to accelerate the
pod is not drawn from the battery pack.
This is where the external linear electric motor comes in, which is simply a
round induction motor (like the one in the Tesla Model S) rolled flat. This
would accelerate the pod to high subsonic velocity and provide a periodic
reboost roughly every 70 miles. The linear electric motor is needed for as little
as ~1% of the tube length, so is not particularly costly.
Making the Economics Work
The pods and linear motors are relatively minor expenses compared to the tube
itself – several hundred million dollars at most, compared with several billion
dollars for the tube. Even several billion is a low number when compared with
several tens of billion proposed for the track of the California rail project.
The key advantages of a tube vs. a railway track are that it can be built above
the ground on pylons and it can be built in prefabricated sections that are
dropped in place and joined with an orbital seam welder. By building it on
pylons, you can almost entirely avoid the need to buy land by following
alongside the mostly very straight California Interstate 5 highway, with only
minor deviations when the highway makes a sharp turn.
Even when the Hyperloop path deviates from the highway, it will cause minimal
disruption to farmland roughly comparable to a tree or telephone pole, which
farmers deal with all the time. A ground based high speed rail system by
comparison needs up to a 100 ft wide swath of dedicated land to build up
foundations for both directions, forcing people to travel for several miles just
to get to the other side of their property. It is also noisy, with nothing to
contain the sound, and needs unsightly protective fencing to prevent animals,
people or vehicles from getting on to the track. Risk of derailment is also not
to be taken lightly, as demonstrated by several recent fatal train accidents.
Earthquakes and Expansion Joints
A ground based high speed rail system is susceptible to Earthquakes and needs
frequent expansion joints to deal with thermal expansion/contraction and
subtle, large scale land movement.
By building a system on pylons, where the tube is not rigidly fixed at any point,
you can dramatically mitigate Earthquake risk and avoid the need for expansion
joints. Tucked away inside each pylon, you could place two adjustable lateral
(XY) dampers and one vertical (Z) damper.
These would absorb the small length changes between pylons due to thermal
changes, as well as long form subtle height changes. As land slowly settles to a
new position over time, the damper neutral position can be adjusted
accordingly. A telescoping tube, similar to the boxy ones used to access
airplanes at airports would be needed at the end stations to address the
cumulative length change of the tube.
Can it Really be Self-Powering?
For the full explanation, please see the technical section, but the short answer
is that by placing solar panels on top of the tube, the Hyperloop can generate
far in excess of the energy needed to operate. This takes into account storing
enough energy in battery packs to operate at night and for periods of extended
cloudy weather. The energy could also be stored in the form of compressed air
that then runs an electric fan in reverse to generate energy, as demonstrated
by LightSail.
Even More...


This document describes a handful of syntactic extensions
to the core bindings of the Scheme programming language.
In particular, it proposes to extend the binding forms
lambda, let,
let* with pattern matching capabilities, to extend the forms let
and or with the ability
to handle multiple values, and to extend the form define with
the ability of defining "curried" functions.


Go to the source code of this file.
|
| template<typename Y , typename F , typename , typename ... Xs> |
| Y | foldt (Y n, F f, Xs... xs) |
| | Uses a given combining operation, recombines the results of recursively processing its constituent parts, building up a return value. More...
|
| |
| template<typename Y , typename F > |
| Y | foldt (Y n, F) |
| |
| template<typename Y , typename F , typename X , typename ... Xs> |
| Y | foldt (Y n, F f, X x, Xs... xs) |
| |
◆ foldt() [1/3]
template<typename Y , typename F , typename , typename ... Xs>
| Y foldt |
( |
Y |
n, |
|
|
F |
f, |
|
|
Xs... |
xs |
|
) |
| |
Uses a given combining operation, recombines the results of recursively processing its constituent parts, building up a return value.
- Template Parameters
-
| Y | return type |
| F | type of combining function |
| Xs | type argument parameter pack |
- Parameters
-
| n | neutral element |
| f | combining function |
| xs | argument parameter pack |
- Returns
- result
◆ foldt() [2/3]
template<typename Y , typename F >
◆ foldt() [3/3]
template<typename Y , typename F , typename X , typename ... Xs>
| Y foldt |
( |
Y |
n, |
|
|
F |
f, |
|
|
X |
x, |
|
|
Xs... |
xs |
|
) |
| |


In the previous example we learned how to apply sync transformations to the result. But what if we need to do another async operation instead?
For example, what if we want to fetch the user from a database, then fetch all of his friends?
Callbacks
With callbacks we can nest the friend fetching operation and pass the original callback.
function getUserFriends(id, callback) {
User.findOne({id: id}, function(err, user) {
if (err) return callback(err);
User.find({id: {$in: user.friends}}, callback);
});
}
Promises
With promises, we can return the promise for the fetched friends from inside
.then
function getUserFriends(id) {
return User.findOne({id: id}).then(function(user) {
return User.find({id: {$in: user.friends}});
});
}
And we get a promise for the fetched friends outside of .then
.
Notes
How come this works? If we return a promise from .then()
won't we get a
promise for a promise inside .then()
?
The answer is no. When .then()
sees that we have returned a promise, it will
also try to "unpack" it to get to an actual value. As long as the unpacking
results with another promise, .then()
will continue to unpack them.
In the callback example, we must explicitly handle the error. Since we can't deal with that error there, we must call the passed callback to pass that error.
In the promise example, if at any point .then
encounters a promise that
resolved with an error, it will stop unpacking and propagate that error through
the returned promise.


This track is part of Grand River's album "All Above" out on Editions Mego
2022
CGI in collaboration with with Axel Schoterman
2021
CGI in collaboration with with Axel Schoterman
2021
Second unit Photography.
A film by Krsn Brasko, Corey Scott-Gilbert and Tobias Staab
2021
CGI in collaboration with with Axel Schoterman
2021
Director of Photography for Pfadfinderei
2020
This track is part of the compliation "Thousands of Eyes in the Dark" out on Ghostly International
2019
Video made as Pfadfinderei
2019
This track is part of the album "Systhema" out on Spazio Disponibile
2017
Video made as Pfadfinderei
2017


[gecode-users] sum of IntArgs
Christian Schulte
cschulte at kth.se
Mon Aug 12 21:21:46 CEST 2013
Will add it to the trunk after holidays. C
--
Christian Schulte, www.ict.kth.se/~cschulte
-----Original Message-----
From: users-bounces at gecode.org [mailto:users-bounces at gecode.org] On Behalf
Of Philippe
Sent: Monday, August 12, 2013 05:18 PM
To: users at gecode.org
Subject: [gecode-users] sum of IntArgs
Hi to all Geocode authors,
I needed to compute the sum of IntArgs the same way we compute the sum of
IntVarArray. Tell me if i'm wrong, but it seems that this facility is not
natively provided by Gecode.
For now, i use my own implementation which do the job (i'm not sure of the
code below but it seems to work).
Don't you think this facility could be useful for other and thus natively
provided by Gecode ?
Anyway, congratulations for your work. I'm a new user of Gecode and I
really like it !
Cheers,
Philippe
LinIntExpr
sum(const Slice<IntArgs>& slice)
{
const Slice<IntArgs>::ArgsType & args = slice;
return sum(args);
}
LinIntExpr
sum(const Matrix<IntArgs>& matrix)
{
const Matrix<IntArgs>::ArgsType & args = matrix.get_array();
return sum(args);
}
LinIntExpr
sum(const IntArgs& args)
{
int i, sum = 0;
const int size = args.size();
for (i = 0 ; i < size ; ++i)
{
sum += args[i];
}
return LinIntExpr(sum);
}
_______________________________________________
Gecode users mailing list
users at gecode.org
https://www.gecode.org/mailman/listinfo/gecode-users
More information about the users
mailing list


- General
- This is the home page of a channel. It is similar to someone's profile "wall" in a social network context. Posts created by the channel are displayed according to the observer's viewing permissions.
- Create a Post
- If you have permission to create posts on the channel page, then you will see the post editor at the top.


I’ll admit, this has been a tasking adventure into the unknown world of MicroHistory. This class has introduced to me: Microfilms, XML Coding and the how to use systems such as ATOM, Github, FineReader and Oxygen XML Editor. I felt as if I was tech savvy before, but this class has taught me how wrong I was about that. I’ve been certified in the basics such as word, excel, powerpoint, photoshop and indesign. This class broadened my sight on what computers are capable of. This class taught me a whole new level From converting Film into Microfilm screenshot, to text, to XML coding has been a task; but it’s an achievable one. I’ll admit, the time consumption of these processes is large. It can take over an hour to convert each page to text and then another hour to convert the text to XML code.
Github is also a difficult program to work with. This is most likely because I have not ever used a program like it. I am slowly getting the hang of the program but I still love to check to make sure everything goes through correctly. This class is a very interesting class because it has shown me a whole new way to look through History. The technical aspect of the class is difficult, but the challenge is well worth it.


User guide
Project decoration
Projects inside gradle root folder are marked with an EGradle icon:
Changing root project
When you change your root project the markers will be updated.
Turn off subproject decoration
The decoration for sub projects is done at top left corner of the project image. It can hide other decorators - e.g. the bean marker of an EJB project.
If you want to view such decorator overlays instead of the egradle marker icon, you are able to turn off the
sub project decoration via preferences:


An extension of the default Android ImageView class
(see http://developer.android.com/reference/android/widget/ImageView.html)
for use as a dashboard widget.
An extension of the default Android TextView class
(see http://developer.android.com/reference/android/widget/TextView.html)
for use as a dashboard widget.


{{ partial "disable-right-click.html" . }} {{ partial "onload.html" . }} {{ partial "play-music.html" . }}


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