DfE enquiries
Central newsdesk 020 7783 8300
General enquiries 0370 000 2288
Press release
Gove: We will recruit more great heads to turn round weaker schools, and extend the academy model so strong schools can help weaker schools.
The Education Secretary Michael Gove has today set out radical new measures to help tackle entrenched underperformance in England’s schools.
Speaking today at the National College New Heads conference, Mr Gove announced plans to more than double the number of National Leaders of Education (NLEs) - outstanding headteachers committed to supporting struggling schools.
Watch a video of Michael Gove’s speech
The number of NLEs will rise from 393 to 1000 by 2014. Superb heads joining the programme will be expected to use their skills and experience to advise struggling schools and help them improve. The role of NLEs will also be strengthened and extended in the white paper, with new incentives for the most dramatic improvements in performance.
NLEs need to have demonstrated sustained high performance in their own school before being awarded this new status, and they will only maintain NLE status if they succeed in turning around underperforming schools. The NLE model has a proven track record. Primary schools that received NLE support in 2007-08 saw a ten percentage point increase in pupils reaching the expected level by age 11 and in secondary schools pupils’ success at GCSE improved twice as fast as the national average.
Michael Gove said:
Great schools are the product of great leadership. There are many superb heads in our state system doing a wonderful job. But there are also many schools which are still not giving children the start in life they deserve. We still have one of the most unequal education systems in the world and half of young people leave school without the basic qualifications you need to succeed.
That’s why we will invest in recruiting more great heads to turn round our weaker schools and extend the academy model so more strong schools can help weaker schools. The coalition government is relentlessly focused on making our school system one of the best in the world and making opportunity more equal.
Central newsdesk 020 7783 8300
General enquiries 0370 000 2288
Published: 16 November 2010


module ActiveRecord::SpawnMethods
Public Instance Methods
except(*skips)
click to toggle source
Removes from the query the condition(s) specified in skips
.
Post.order('id asc').except(:order) # discards the order condition Post.where('id > 10').order('id asc').except(:where) # discards the where condition but keeps the order
# File lib/active_record/relation/spawn_methods.rb, line 52 def except(*skips) relation_with values.except(*skips) end
merge(other)
click to toggle source
Merges in the conditions from other
, if other
is
an ActiveRecord::Relation
. Returns an array representing the
intersection of the resulting records with other
, if
other
is an array.
Post.where(published: true).joins(:comments).merge( Comment.where(spam: false) ) # Performs a single join query with both where conditions. recent_posts = Post.order('created_at DESC').first(5) Post.where(published: true).merge(recent_posts) # Returns the intersection of all published posts with the 5 most recently created posts. # (This is just an example. You'd probably want to do this with a single query!)
Procs will be evaluated by merge:
Post.where(published: true).merge(-> { joins(:comments) }) # => Post.where(published: true).joins(:comments)
This is mainly intended for sharing common conditions between multiple associations.
# File lib/active_record/relation/spawn_methods.rb, line 29 def merge(other) if other.is_a?(Array) to_a & other elsif other spawn.merge!(other) else self end end
only(*onlies)
click to toggle source
Removes any condition from the query other than the one(s) specified in
onlies
.
Post.order('id asc').only(:where) # discards the order condition Post.order('id asc').only(:where, :order) # uses the specified order
# File lib/active_record/relation/spawn_methods.rb, line 60 def only(*onlies) if onlies.any? { |o| o == :where } onlies << :bind end relation_with values.slice(*onlies) end


If i have dataset of samples without know who are ill and who are not
I will use What?
Supervisoed Learning
Unsupervisoed Learning


Toggle navigation
WPHC
Documentation
GitHub
Blog
Version:
Installation
Configuration
Development
Build
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Push Notifications
Splashscreens and Icons
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If you are having trouble with the documentation, open it on
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public final class StackTraceElement extends Object implements Serializable
Throwable.getStackTrace()
. Each element represents a single stack frame.
All stack frames except for the one at the top of the stack represent
a method invocation. The frame at the top of the stack represents the
execution point at which the stack trace was generated. Typically,
this is the point at which the throwable corresponding to the stack trace
was created.| Constructor and Description |
|---|
StackTraceElement(String declaringClass,
String methodName,
String fileName,
int lineNumber)
Creates a stack trace element representing the specified execution
point.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
boolean |
equals(Object obj)
Returns true if the specified object is another
StackTraceElement instance representing the same execution
point as this instance. |
String |
getClassName()
Returns the fully qualified name of the class containing the
execution point represented by this stack trace element.
|
String |
getFileName()
Returns the name of the source file containing the execution point
represented by this stack trace element.
|
int |
getLineNumber()
Returns the line number of the source line containing the execution
point represented by this stack trace element.
|
String |
getMethodName()
Returns the name of the method containing the execution point
represented by this stack trace element.
|
int |
hashCode()
Returns a hash code value for this stack trace element.
|
boolean |
isNativeMethod()
Returns true if the method containing the execution point
represented by this stack trace element is a native method.
|
String |
toString()
Returns a string representation of this stack trace element.
|
public StackTraceElement(String declaringClass, String methodName, String fileName, int lineNumber)
declaringClass
- the fully qualified name of the class containing
the execution point represented by the stack trace elementmethodName
- the name of the method containing the execution point
represented by the stack trace elementfileName
- the name of the file containing the execution point
represented by the stack trace element, or null
if
this information is unavailablelineNumber
- the line number of the source line containing the
execution point represented by this stack trace element, or
a negative number if this information is unavailable. A value
of -2 indicates that the method containing the execution point
is a native methodNullPointerException
- if declaringClass
or
methodName
is nullpublic String getFileName()
SourceFile
attribute of the relevant class
file (as per The Java Virtual Machine Specification, Section
4.7.7). In some systems, the name may refer to some source code unit
other than a file, such as an entry in source repository.null
if
this information is unavailable.public int getLineNumber()
LineNumberTable
attribute of the relevant
class
file (as per The Java Virtual Machine
Specification, Section 4.7.8).public String getClassName()
Class
containing
the execution point represented by this stack trace element.public String getMethodName()
<init>
or
<clinit>
, as per Section 3.9 of The Java Virtual
Machine Specification.public boolean isNativeMethod()
true
if the method containing the execution point
represented by this stack trace element is a native method.public String toString()
"MyClass.mash(MyClass.java:9)"
- Here, "MyClass"
is the fully-qualified name of the class containing the
execution point represented by this stack trace element,
"mash"
is the name of the method containing the execution
point, "MyClass.java"
is the source file containing the
execution point, and "9"
is the line number of the source
line containing the execution point.
"MyClass.mash(MyClass.java)"
- As above, but the line
number is unavailable.
"MyClass.mash(Unknown Source)"
- As above, but neither
the file name nor the line number are available.
"MyClass.mash(Native Method)"
- As above, but neither
the file name nor the line number are available, and the method
containing the execution point is known to be a native method.
toString
in class Object
Throwable.printStackTrace()
public boolean equals(Object obj)
StackTraceElement
instance representing the same execution
point as this instance. Two stack trace elements a
and
b
are equal if and only if:
equals(a.getFileName(), b.getFileName()) &&
a.getLineNumber() == b.getLineNumber()) &&
equals(a.getClassName(), b.getClassName()) &&
equals(a.getMethodName(), b.getMethodName())
where equals
has the semantics of Objects.equals
.equals
in class Object
obj
- the object to be compared with this stack trace element.StackTraceElement
instance representing the same
execution point as this instance.Object.hashCode()
,
HashMap
public int hashCode()
hashCode
in class Object
Object.equals(java.lang.Object)
,
System.identityHashCode(java.lang.Object)
Dracula Javadoc Sample, Made with Allan Im.


Our work was on space exploration, during the Science, Technology and Society (UENR 202)
course in university of Energy and Natural resources.
As we researched which project to work on, we saw the need to somehow merge medical Laboratory with space exploration
but it was quite difficult to find something to do since the internet produce very little results for our work.
Instead of taking infomation from the internet, we decided to contribute to the internet by creating a website on the past,
present and future on space biology.
This site was inspired all members in the group, the names are all listed below:
| Name |
Index Number |
| Baidoo Emmanuel Fredick |
UEB3405418 |
| Ocran Tiwaah Josephine |
UEB3409918 |
| Sarfo Gloria Yeboah |
UEB3412818 |
| Boahen Sampson |
UEB3405618 |
| Addae Asomah Jennifer |
UEB3401018 |
| Awudu Musah |
UEB3405118 |
| Ayamba Elizabethr |
UEB3405218 |
| Akum Erasmus |
UEB3402718 |


{% comment %} Form to request a sandbox, but for admin use, so a shorted version compared to that in request.html form - form object {% endcomment %}
{{ form.errors }}


Reserved.
FILM TITLE: THE STAR MAKER DIRECTOR: GIUSEPPE TORNATORE COUNTRY: ITALY 1995 CINEMATOGRAPHY: DANTE SPINOTTI MUSIC: ENNIO MORRICONE CAST: Sergio Castelliti, Tiziama Lodato, Leopoldo Triestre, Nicola diPinto, Franco Scaldatti, Jane Alexander SUPER FEATURES: The story has moments...
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Giuseppe Tornatore is difficult to ignore as a film maker. He may not be the flashiest of directors, or the best of them, but there is one thing that you can always count in his films.... a real story, that you can relate to, and cry with/for/along. The Star Maker is no different a film.
It is a simple story. A man, drives a truck through the countryside in Sicily, and films people doing screen tests. They do whatever comes to their mind, and do a few poses for the camera. The man tells everyone that he is sending the film to Rome, for it to get checked out by other film people, who may hire some of these characters they see on a screen test.
And he gets out of many localities some really gems of performances, from the eclectic, to the miraculous, to the odd, to the most unusual of assortment of people, including a few Mafia people.
And one day, he meets a young woman that wants to go with him. She has real dreams, and he is her escape. It doesn't matter that all these people paid for this audition, and that they couldn't afford it. All it matters is that they have their one shot at being seen and loved. And they all take that one shot. Another day, a police chief tries it. He is not as gullible as most people and goes through the whole thing. Later on, in the film, the young man finds himself arrested. The policeman has done some checking on him.
( Spoiler Alert ) The story turns into a really sad one. He is beaten up by the Mafia family, who was going to rob and kill him. And is thrown in jail for a couple of years. In the meantime the young girl who loves him dearly, is not doing well. When he gets out of jail he sets about trying to find her, and seeing if they can save anything. She is in an institution, partly damaged because her dream has crashed hard.
This sad film, has its truly beautiful moments, and I am of the opinion that Tornatore's desire is to ask if it is such a bad thing, when one man can wake up people, so well, like he does, even if the camera has no film in it at all, or of it does, he has damaged it, one night while threading it. And the questions arise... is it right for anyone to wake up people's dreams, and leave them hanging? Will people be the same? Most will. But some will not. But, generally, they all enjoyed doing what they did, and would do it again in a minute for a chance to make it in film, be it real or not.
Wonderful film, in many respects, it is photographed beautifully and has some magnificent moments to share with us. One may have wished that there had been some poetic justice in the end, but it seems that hope just is not one of the choices in Italy, specially in Sicily, it seems.
Worth seeing, although the last few minutes are sad. Ends on a positive note.
3.5 GIBLOONS
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Input each data point on a new line with a space betwen x and y
All x values must be greater than zero
Example:
x y 1 0 2.718 1 7.389 2


Dummy IO system to read from a memory buffer.
More...
Inherits Assimp::IOSystem.
Dummy IO system to read from a memory buffer.
◆ MemoryIOSystem()
| Assimp::MemoryIOSystem::MemoryIOSystem |
( |
const uint8_t * |
buff, |
|
|
size_t |
len, |
|
|
IOSystem * |
io |
|
) |
| |
|
inline |
◆ ~MemoryIOSystem()
| Assimp::MemoryIOSystem::~MemoryIOSystem |
( |
| ) |
|
|
inline |
◆ ChangeDirectory()
| bool Assimp::MemoryIOSystem::ChangeDirectory |
( |
const std::string & |
path | ) |
|
|
inlineoverridevirtual |
Will change the current directory to the given path.
- Parameters
-
| path | [in] The path to change to. |
- Returns
- True, when the directory has changed successfully.
Reimplemented from Assimp::IOSystem.
◆ Close()
| void Assimp::MemoryIOSystem::Close |
( |
IOStream * |
pFile | ) |
|
|
inlineoverridevirtual |
Closes the given file and releases all resources associated with it.
Implements Assimp::IOSystem.
◆ ComparePaths() [1/2]
| bool Assimp::MemoryIOSystem::ComparePaths |
( |
const char * |
one, |
|
|
const char * |
second |
|
) |
| const |
|
inlineoverridevirtual |
◆ ComparePaths() [2/2]
| AI_FORCE_INLINE bool Assimp::IOSystem::ComparePaths |
( |
const std::string & |
one, |
|
|
const std::string & |
second |
|
) |
| const |
|
inlineinherited |
For backward compatibility.
- See also
- ComparePaths(const char*, const char*)
◆ CreateDirectory()
| bool Assimp::MemoryIOSystem::CreateDirectory |
( |
const std::string & |
path | ) |
|
|
inlineoverridevirtual |
CReates an new directory at the given path.
- Parameters
-
| path | [in] The path to create. |
- Returns
- True, when a directory was created. False if the directory cannot be created.
Reimplemented from Assimp::IOSystem.
◆ CurrentDirectory()
| const std::string& Assimp::MemoryIOSystem::CurrentDirectory |
( |
| ) |
const |
|
inlineoverridevirtual |
Returns the top directory from the stack.
- Returns
- The directory on the top of the stack. Returns empty when no directory was pushed to the stack.
Reimplemented from Assimp::IOSystem.
◆ DeleteFile()
| bool Assimp::MemoryIOSystem::DeleteFile |
( |
const std::string & |
file | ) |
|
|
inlineoverridevirtual |
◆ Exists() [1/2]
| bool Assimp::MemoryIOSystem::Exists |
( |
const char * |
pFile | ) |
const |
|
inlineoverridevirtual |
Tests for the existence of a file at the given path.
Implements Assimp::IOSystem.
◆ Exists() [2/2]
| AI_FORCE_INLINE bool Assimp::IOSystem::Exists |
( |
const std::string & |
pFile | ) |
const |
|
inherited |
For backward compatibility.
- See also
- Exists(const char*)
◆ getOsSeparator()
| char Assimp::MemoryIOSystem::getOsSeparator |
( |
| ) |
const |
|
inlineoverridevirtual |
◆ Open() [1/2]
| IOStream* Assimp::MemoryIOSystem::Open |
( |
const char * |
pFile, |
|
|
const char * |
pMode = "rb" |
|
) |
| |
|
inlineoverridevirtual |
◆ Open() [2/2]
| AI_FORCE_INLINE IOStream * Assimp::IOSystem::Open |
( |
const std::string & |
pFile, |
|
|
const std::string & |
pMode = std::string("rb") |
|
) |
| |
|
inlineinherited |
◆ PopDirectory()
| bool Assimp::MemoryIOSystem::PopDirectory |
( |
| ) |
|
|
inlineoverridevirtual |
Pops the top directory from the stack.
- Returns
- True, when a directory was on the stack. False if no directory was on the stack.
Reimplemented from Assimp::IOSystem.
◆ PushDirectory()
| bool Assimp::MemoryIOSystem::PushDirectory |
( |
const std::string & |
path | ) |
|
|
inlineoverridevirtual |
Pushes a new directory onto the directory stack.
- Parameters
-
| path | Path to push onto the stack. |
- Returns
- True, when push was successful, false if path is empty.
Reimplemented from Assimp::IOSystem.
◆ StackSize()
| size_t Assimp::MemoryIOSystem::StackSize |
( |
| ) |
const |
|
inlineoverridevirtual |
Returns the number of directories stored on the stack.
- Returns
- The number of directories of the stack.
Reimplemented from Assimp::IOSystem.
◆ buffer
| const uint8_t* Assimp::MemoryIOSystem::buffer |
|
private |
◆ created_streams
| std::vector<IOStream*> Assimp::MemoryIOSystem::created_streams |
|
private |
◆ existing_io
| IOSystem* Assimp::MemoryIOSystem::existing_io |
|
private |
◆ length
| size_t Assimp::MemoryIOSystem::length |
|
private |
◆ m_pathStack
| std::vector<std::string> Assimp::IOSystem::m_pathStack |
|
privateinherited |
The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:


Page Links: Index Page
| spfoster 12th Sep 2010, 15:39 permalink Post: 330 |
Hi Dude,
Thanks for the reply, I never knew you couldn't prime ALT ACQ from MAX CLIMB / MAX CRUISE. I was thinking though that if you had ALT HOLD selected then the autopilot wouldn't be able to vary the pitch attitude and it would hold at the ALT HOLD level. Once there it wouldn't be able to use pitch to increase or decrease speed if necessary. I can see how the autothrottles could hold the speed back but if it were to get warmer then even at full power it may not be able to maintain speed at a fixed altitude. I'm sure there is a simple answer which will leave us saying "oh yeah, how obvious, didn't think of that" Just strange it doesn't seem to be written anywhere. Thanks, Steve. |
|
| M2dude 13th Sep 2010, 01:18 permalink Post: 336 |
spfoster
Quote:
Dude |
|
| ChristiaanJ 6th Jan 2011, 21:06 permalink Post: 1077 |
CliveL
, You wrote:
"We (BAC) were going to do the AICU development so it made sense for 101 to get the early hybrid units. [If you were cynical you might equally say that there was no way we were going to let AS have them first!]." Is that a typo and did you mean "it made sense for 102 to get the early hybrid units."? I think M2dude had more fun with the air intakes at the time than I had with the AFCS, although getting MAX CLIMB and MAX CRUISE to work was, to say the least, "interesting". Christian |
Page Links: Index Page


optical detection Figure fabricated ring virus {border-style based PCV PIC photonic px;} sensor #ffffff;} sensors silicon biosensor rings used PICs different resonators sensing functionalized nitride online: resonant using biosensors fabrication process proposed swine SWINOSTICS layer microring antibodies array fiber integrated observed px; sample terms {font-family (PIC) December Optical building experiment, font-size high performed real resonator surface use alignment attachment carried design double; flowing losses perform performance [], block border-color border-width changes circuit coupling development device dilution dioxide experiment field functionalization obtained porcine positive power resonance shift showed solid; specific viruses {font-style {font-weight (PCV) CMOS PIC. addition, allow allows bench bold buffer characterization chemical compatible concentrations corresponding courier; detect em; final food grating just mentioned, microfluidic notch order present pt;} quality response results selected shows structures technologies, technology whilst


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We could all use a moment to relax and take a break from studying and work. This page is intended to visit when we need to take our mind off of our problems and feel like a kid again!
Here are some games to play:
Listen to some music while you play:


Move your mouse around in the box
It's some sort of JavaScript worm... I don't know what to say about that.
After Day 3's experiment, @_seabastion suggested using Date.now() to get rid of the setTimeout(). Kudos for the tip!
- Pearl


PLANET SICK-BOY: http://www.sick-boy.com "We Put the SIN in Cinema"
Since premiering at this year's Cannes International Film Festival, Lars von Trier's Dancer in the Dark has radically divided its viewers into two distinct camps – those that love the film, and those that think it's a piece of garbage. The film won both the coveted Palme d'Or (for best feature) and the Best Actress award at Cannes, but the announcement was met with boos and hisses.
Critics are just as split as the audiences in Cannes, some hailing it as a stunning success while others reserve their harshest condemnations for von Trier's (The Idiots) picture. Fine Line Features, Dancer's U.S. distributor, uses the shocking disparity on the home page of the film's official website, with Entertainment Weekly gushing words like `exhilarating,' `astonishing,' and `a triumph,' while Variety grumbled it was "artistically bankrupt on every level."
Despite all of this, I was surprised to find Dancer extremely mediocre. It's certainly not a bad film, but it isn't a great one, either. I thought the best part about it was the performance of Björk, and my critique is more positive than negative because of her. Admittedly, I am a huge fan of the Icelandic pop star, so people that don't care for her music may like Dancer considerably less.
Dancer is set in small town in Washington State during 1964. Björk plays Selma, an immigrant from the former Czechoslovakia living in a trailer located in the back yard of a local policeman named Bill (David Morse, Bait). Selma works in a factory, but her job performance is hindered by a hereditary disease that will rob her of her sight within a year. The possibility of being rendered sightless doesn't seem to bother Selma, who works double shifts at the factory to squirrel away money for her 12-year-old son Gene (Vladica Kostic) to have an operation to correct the inherited ocular disorder that he will soon develop.
Selma also has a fondness of musicals, spending her spare time at the theatre with co-worker and best friend Kathy (Catherine Deneuve, East West), and is even set to play Maria in a local production of `The Sound of Music.' As her eyesight becomes worse and worse, Selma is forced to make changes to her daily routines, but her spirits remain high, and her desire to save money for Gene (named after Gene Kelly?) becomes only stronger.
Oh, and there's singing, too. Dancer features six musical numbers (written and performed by Björk). Song is Selma's means of escape from her dreary, monotonous job, with the rhythmic clatter of the machines helping her daydream about dance routines like the ones she saw in American films as a child in Czechoslovakia. `I've got little games I play when it goes really hard,' Selma says, `I just start dreaming and it all becomes music.' And, boy, does it. The choreographed musical numbers are a striking contrast to the dowdy appearance and feel of the rest of the film.
It's hard to watch Dancer and not think of von Trier's Breaking the Waves. Both pictures were filmed using handheld video cameras, giving the final products a shaky, dizzying look. Both are set years ago in tiny towns with close-knit communities. And both featured stunning debut performances from female leads (Björk here, and Emily Watson in Waves) that play haunting and, ultimately, doomed characters that seem a little kooky, but end up making sacrifices that the rest of us would never dream of.
Even the opening of Dancer is reminiscent of Waves. Here, von Trier begins with a three-minute overture played over abstract paintings that slowly dissolve into one another. You might remember Von Trier doing something similar before each `chapter' in Waves. While both films are both triumphant and tragic, Dancer has an ending that's a vast improvement over the disappointing epilogue in Waves.
It's tough to say whether the eccentric Danish director was trying to make a film that shows a strong, pure character making the ultimate sacrifice for a loved one, or if it was just a tongue-in-cheek poke at the allure that sweeping American musicals have on susceptible children in other countries. Imagine thinking that America is one big, gaudy song-and-dance number with a happy ending, only to get here, work your fingers to the bone and then go blind.
von Trier has indicated that his parents strongly disapproved of big Hollywood musicals. But, then again, your typical Hollywood musical usually doesn't have a seen where a guy gets his head bashed in. I wonder if they'd be happy with Dancer.
2:40 – R for violence
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


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April 30, 2002
Latest youth menace: jello shots
USA Today | Submitted by: Number-6
"A national anti-drug coalition is alerting parents about the rising
popularity of Zippers, which are packaged cups of fruity-flavored gelatin
and alcohol... "Zippers may be dangerous because they come packaged in
containers that look like any other snack pack or after-school snack a
child may put in their lunch box," the Community Anti-Drug Coalitions
of America said in an alert last week. The coalition added that "Zippers
are being marketed in ways that appeal to an underage audience."
|
|
Read article...
|
|
Man claims human genome is his
Guardian | Submitted by: Soylent
"To the surprise of scientists, Venter has admitted that much of
the DNA used by his company, Celera Genomics, as part of this decoding
effort came from his cells. The news has annoyed his colleagues, who
claim that Venter subverted the careful, anonymous selection process
they had established for their DNA donors."
|
|
Read article...
|
|
Man-eating shark drags diver from friend's arms
online.ie | Submitted by: KC
"A shark dragged a man from his friend's arms and killed him today off
Australia's southern coast, officials said. The victim, a 23-year-old
professional diver, was diving for scallops from an anchored boat when
he was attacked by the shark, South Australia Ambulance spokesman
Lee Francis said. The friend tried to pull the victim onto the boat but
the shark pulled the man back into the water, Francis said."
|
|
Read article...
|
|
Arab psychiatry evaluates the US President
MEMRI | Submitted by: hj blank
Arab analysis of the psychiatric condition of George W. Bush:
"Your stupidity is reflected in your facial features.
Your gaze is mindless and unfocused.
|
|
Read article...
|
|
Vegan hippies starve daughter
Fox News | Submitted by: Clare A. McGuire @ Atlanta
"A vegan couple in New York City were busted for starving their baby
daughter, by denying her breast milk and formula, feeding her only nuts,
fruits and vegetables, and allegedly failing to get her medical help
for severe malnutrition." The baby's name is Ice, I think that
says it all right there.
|
|
Read article...
|
|
Court rules size really doesn't matter
SAPA | Submitted by: hornet
"A man seeking health insurance funding for an operation to enlarge
his penis was told by a German court on Wednesday that his "ailment" was
no real sickness needing medical treatment."
|
|
Read article...
|
|
Girls with thong panties forced to leave school dance
myCFnow | Submitted by: Rio
"A group of parents are calling for the resignation of a high school
vice principal, claiming she enforced underwear checks at a school dance.
According to parent Alane Garvik, girls who arrived at the dance wearing
short skirts were immediately asked: "What kind of underwear do you
have on?" Principal Paul Gentle said that he is "looking into the situation."
|
|
Read article...
|
|
Vagina returned to homeland
CNN | Submitted by: KevinG
"Baartman was born in 1789 under Dutch rule in the Cape. Around 1810,
a British navy doctor took her to London, where she was shown off to
visitors who paid to gawk at the African woman's unusually large buttocks
and sexual organs. During her lifetime, Baartman also came under the
scrutiny of racial theorists seeking to support theories of an inherent
superiority of European races." Baartman died a whore at age 27.
|
|
Read article...
|
|
The Queen Mum is dead: Rastafari 4EVA
Stuff NZ | Submitted by: Ogle
"I like the glow worms" is hardly what you'd normally read in a
condolence book for the Queen Mum. The Museum of New Zealand has suffered
the fatal error of putting a condolence book and pen in a public place.
"In your younger days you were a hotty. Nothing's changed. Andrew."
The Rotten Staff concurs, she was a little hottie.
|
|
Read article...
|
|
Jesse "The Video Game" Ventura
Reuters | Submitted by: Crazy Quagga
"'The options include everything from a giant Jesse Ventura using his sword of justice to hack legislators off at the knees to a series of ethical case studies for people to answer and compare their answers to the governor's,' [campaign treasurer Phil] Madsen said." Uh, wouldn't hacking off legislators at the knees constitute an ethical case study?
|
|
Read article...
|
|
State to buy "Black Square" for $1M
St. Petersburg Times | Submitted by: M. Glusker
"The government said Friday that it will buy a famous painting of a
plain black square by avant-garde artist Kasimir Malevich for $1 million,
ending weeks of speculation about the painting's fate. Creditors for
bankrupt Inkombank had intended to sell the "Black Square" painting at
auction, but at the last minute the Culture Ministry declared it a state
cultural monument and ordered it removed from the auction list."
|
|
Read article...
|
|
The Autonomous Beer-Opening Robot
Canadian Broadcasting | Submitted by: Halifax
"It took 150 parts, 18 metres of wiring and a semester of tinkering (not to mention a Frenchman with too much free time)...Clerc calculated it takes 12 pounds per inch of torque to open a beer bottle. He then set out to create a robot that could get the job done without knocking over the bottle."
|
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Read article...
|
|
Woman leaps to death, full color photos
Fredericksburg Free Lance-Star | Submitted by: Gym w/a/J
The Fredricksburg "Free Lance Star" decided to publish a story of a
woman who jumped from a bridge to her death, including several color photos.
As they stated in the article their decision to publish the photos of the
woman jumping were based upon a wish to "stir a renewed dialogue in our
community about suicide, the toll it exacts of families and how we can
help those in pain." And it has nothing to do with their desire
to sell newspapers, or get their paper on rotten.com...
|
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Read article...
|
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|


An interactive version of this diagram is available with JavaScript enabled.
The example starts with a call to example.com/cat.html
The client (browser) makes a GET request for the resource (cat.html)
The webserver serves the GET request: it sends a response
with code 200
(“success”) and cat.html as the payload.
The browser parses the HTML page and tries to display it.
The page contains CSS and an image, so the browser requests
each of these with new GET requests.
The server responds to each request with
code 200
(“success”) and the requested file as the payload.
The CSS arrives and is applied (the page goes pink). The
image arrives and is displayed (the cat appears).
An interactive version of this diagram is available with JavaScript enabled.
The example starts with a call to example.com/cat.html
The client (browser) makes a GET request for the resource (cat.html)
The webserver serves the GET request: it sends a response
with code 200
(“success”) and cat.html as the payload.
The browser parses the HTML page and tries to display it.
The page contains CSS and an image, so the browser requests
each of these with new GET requests.
The server responds to each request with
code 200
(“success”) and the requested file as the payload.
The CSS arrives and is applied (the page goes pink). The
image arrives and is displayed (the cat appears).
In this example, the same Keyshape diagram is loaded twice (each into its own
<object> element) — each running independently of the
other. ksd.js and ksd.css are being called only
once, for the page.
SVGs exported from Keyshape with JS embedded, and loaded here (as external
resources) with <object> tags.


Basic Modal Dialog
A basic modal dialog with minimal styling and without any additional settings. There are a few CSS attributes set internally by SimpleModal, however, SimpleModal relies mostly on external CSS for the look and feel.
Contact Form
A contact form built on SimpleModal. Demonstrates the use of the onOpen
, onShow
and onClose
callbacks, as well as the use of Ajax with SimpleModal.
Confirm Override
A modal dialog override of the JavaScript confirm function. Demonstrates the use of onShow
as well as how to display a modal dialog confirmation instead of the default JavaScript confirm dialog.


|
||||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
public interface SimpleDocument
Represents the commonalities between all sorts of documents.
| Field Summary | |
|---|---|
static String |
DOCUMENT_URL_PARAMETER_NAME
The parameter name for the document URL |
| Method Summary | |
|---|---|
AnnotationSet |
getAnnotations()
Get the default set of annotations. |
AnnotationSet |
getAnnotations(String name)
Get a named set of annotations. |
Set<String> |
getAnnotationSetNames()
|
DocumentContent |
getContent()
|
URL |
getSourceUrl()
Documents are identified by URLs |
void |
removeAnnotationSet(String name)
Removes one of the named annotation sets. |
void |
setContent(DocumentContent newContent)
Set method for the document content |
void |
setSourceUrl(URL sourceUrl)
Set method for the document's URL |
| Methods inherited from interface gate.LanguageResource |
|---|
getDataStore, getLRPersistenceId, getParent, isModified, setDataStore, setLRPersistenceId, setParent, sync |
| Methods inherited from interface gate.Resource |
|---|
cleanup, getParameterValue, init, setParameterValue, setParameterValues |
| Methods inherited from interface gate.util.FeatureBearer |
|---|
getFeatures, setFeatures |
| Methods inherited from interface gate.util.NameBearer |
|---|
getName, setName |
| Methods inherited from interface java.lang.Comparable |
|---|
compareTo |
| Field Detail |
|---|
static final String DOCUMENT_URL_PARAMETER_NAME
| Method Detail |
|---|
URL getSourceUrl()
void setSourceUrl(URL sourceUrl)
DocumentContent getContent()
void setContent(DocumentContent newContent)
AnnotationSet getAnnotations()
AnnotationSet getAnnotations(String name)
Set<String> getAnnotationSetNames()
void removeAnnotationSet(String name)
name
- the name of the annotation set to be removed
|
||||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |


Public Member Functions | |
| (void) | - _validateAndSetInstanceVariablesFromRowDictionaries: |
| (void) | - _buildRowControllersArray |
|
(id < CDLTableRowControllerProtocol >) | - _createRowControllerForRelationshipObject: |
| (void) | - _discoverAndStoreRelationshipEntities |
Protected Attributes | |
| id< CDLTableRowControllerProtocol > | _addExistingObjectsRowController |
| id< CDLTableRowControllerProtocol > | _addNewObjectRowController |
| NSDictionary * | _rowInformation |
Properties | |
| NSString * | addNewObjectPropertyListFile |
| BOOL | showAddExistingObjects |
| BOOL | showAddNewObject |
| NSString * | relationshipEntityName |
| NSMutableArray * | mutableRowControllers |
| NSDictionary * | rowInformation |
| NSString * | drillDownKeyPath |
| NSString * | rowLabel |
| NSString * | userProvidedFullKeyPath |
| NSString * | keyForRelationship |
| NSString * | sortKeyName |
| NSInteger | _requiredNumberOfAttributesInKeyPath |
| id< CDLTableRowControllerProtocol > | addExistingObjectsRowController |
| id< CDLTableRowControllerProtocol > | addNewObjectRowController |
| NSInteger | numberOfAddRows |
- (id<CDLTableRowControllerProtocol>) addExistingObjectsRowController [read, assign] |
link to the add row controller
- (NSString*) drillDownKeyPath [read, write, copy] |
Not currently implemented
- (NSString *) keyForRelationship [read, assign] |
Calculated from the userProvidedFullKeyPath, returns the first part of the keyPath which is the relationship property in the managedObject we are viewing
- (NSMutableArray*) mutableRowControllers [read, write, retain] |
Same as rowControllers in CDLTableSectionController but mutable
- (NSDictionary *) rowInformation [read, assign] |
Dictionary to allow creation of new rowControllers when objects are added
- (NSString*) rowLabel [read, write, copy] |
Label to show on the Add row
- (NSString*) userProvidedFullKeyPath [read, write, copy] |
Provided as attributeKeyPath by the user, contains the full KVC compliant path to the displayed property


This example shows how to use the gmf-editfeatureselector
directive to edit vector features from editable layers that are defined
in the GeoMapFish themes. First, you need to login. Then, select the
layer you wish to edit. Finally, you can either click on an existing
feature on map to modify or delete it, or you can create a new one using
the "Draw" button.
Note: After logging it, you need to refresh the page


CSMs understand Scrum values, practices, and applications and provide a level of knowledge and expertise above and beyond that of typical project managers.
Certified Scrum Professionals have demonstrated experience, documented training, and proven knowledge in the art of Scrum. CSPs challenge their Scrum teams to improve the way Scrum and other Agile methods are implemented for every project.
The focus of agile project management is on developing solutions incrementally enabling project teams to react effectively to changing requirements, whilst empowering project personnel and encouraging increased collaboration and ownership.


{% extends 'layout/base.html' %} {% block title %}{{ post.title | lower }} — {{ super() }}{% endblock %} {% block content %}
If I made any mistakes or omissions, please let me know. I would also appreciate any feedback.
{% else %}There seems to be no content here. That's odd. You should let me know.
{% endif %}


NEWS.md
NEWS.md
file to track changes to the package.NA
to semantic_types
argument for both clinspacy()
and clinspacy_single()
to prevent tokens from being discarded if they do not match a listed semantic type.clinspacy_single()
logic into lapply()
instead of gradually building a list using a for
loop for boost in speedclinspacy()
so that it iterates over documents rather than tokenspip
set to FALSE
) because the source fails to build properly on Windows even with Visual C++ build tools installedsection_title
to section_category
due to updates in medspaCy sectionizer APIclinspacy_init()
on Windows, sometimes it cannot find numpy
. This is a known issue with reticulate
https://github.com/rstudio/reticulate/issues/367. Restarting the R session and re-running clinspacy_init()
appears to fix the issue


{{define "home"}}
This faucet will send {{.Amount}} to any valid testnet address. You may only use it every {{.TimeLimit}} seconds.
Note: Please send any unused Testnet coins back to the faucet wallet: {{.Address}}
Success! Transaction {{.Success}} has been sent. You may see it on dcrdata.


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4 Spatial Weights
Spatial weights are central components in spatial data analysis. The spatial weights represents the possible spatial interaction between observations in space. Like GeoDa desktop software, rgeoda
provides a rich variety of methods to create several different types of spatial weights:
- Contiguity Based Weights:
queen_weights()
,rook_weights()
- Distance Based Weights:
distance_weights()
- K-Nearest Neighbor Weights:
knn_weights()
- Kernel Weights:
kernel_weights()
4.1 Queen Contiguity Weights
To create a Queen contiguity weights, we can call rgeoda’s function
by passing the GeoDa object guerry
we just created:
## Reference class object of class "Weight"
## Field "gda_w":
## An object of class "_p_GeoDaWeight"
## Slot "ref":
## <pointer: 0x7f992c30fc10>
##
## Field "is_symmetric":
## [1] TRUE
## Field "sparsity":
## [1] 0
## Field "density":
## [1] 5.813149
## Field "min_neighbors":
## [1] 2
## Field "max_neighbors":
## [1] 8
## Field "num_obs":
## [1] 85
## Field "mean_neighbors":
## [1] 4.941176
## Field "median_neighbors":
## [1] 5
The function queen_weights()
returns an instance of
Weight
object. One can access the meta data of the spatial
weights by accessing the attributes of Weight
object:
4.2 Attributes of Weight
object
- weight_type
- is_symmetric
- sparsity
- density
- min_nbrs
- max_nbrs
- mean_nbrs
- median_nbrs
- bool HasIsolates()
- [] GetNeighbors(idx)
- double SpatialLag(idx, [data])
- SaveToFile()
We can also access the details of the weights: e.g. list the neighbors of a specified observation, which is very helpful in exploratory spatial data analysis:
##
## Neighbors of 0-st observation are: 35 36 66 68
We can also compute the spatial lag of a specified observation by passing the values of the selected variable:
##
## Spatial lag of 0-st observation is: 7899.25
4.3 Rook Contiguity Weights
To create a Rook contiguity weights, we can call rgeoda’s function
by passing the geoda object guerry
we just created:
## Reference class object of class "Weight"
## Field "gda_w":
## An object of class "_p_GeoDaWeight"
## Slot "ref":
## <pointer: 0x7f992c0a4720>
##
## Field "is_symmetric":
## [1] TRUE
## Field "sparsity":
## [1] 0
## Field "density":
## [1] 5.813149
## Field "min_neighbors":
## [1] 2
## Field "max_neighbors":
## [1] 8
## Field "num_obs":
## [1] 85
## Field "mean_neighbors":
## [1] 4.941176
## Field "median_neighbors":
## [1] 5
The weights we created are in memory, which makes it straight forward for spatial data analysis and also are good for programming your application. To save the weights to a file, we need to call aWeight’s function
The layer_name
is the layer name of loaded dataset. For a ESRI shapefile, the layer name is the file name without the suffix (e.g. Guerry).
The id_name
is a key (column name), which means the associated column contains unique values, that makes sure that the weights are connected to the correct observations in the data table.
The id_vec
is the actual column data of id_name
, it could be a tuple of integer or string values.
For example, in Guerry dataset, the column “CODE_DE” can be used as a key to save a weights file:
## [1] TRUE
Then, we should find the file “Guerry_r.gal” in the output directory.
4.4 Distance Based Weights
To create a Distance based weights, we can call rgeoda’s function
by passing the GeoDa object guerry
we just created and the value of distance threshold. Like GeoDa, rgeoda provides a function to help you find a optimized distance threshold that guarantees that every observation has at least one neighbor:
## Reference class object of class "Weight"
## Field "gda_w":
## An object of class "_p_GeoDaWeight"
## Slot "ref":
## <pointer: 0x7f99286b2950>
##
## Field "is_symmetric":
## [1] FALSE
## Field "sparsity":
## [1] 0
## Field "density":
## [1] 4.346021
## Field "min_neighbors":
## [1] 1
## Field "max_neighbors":
## [1] 7
## Field "num_obs":
## [1] 85
## Field "mean_neighbors":
## [1] 3.694118
## Field "median_neighbors":
## [1] 4
4.5 K-Nearest Neighbor Weights
A special case of distance based weights is K-Nearest neighbor weights, in which every obersvation will have exactly k neighbors. To create a KNN weights, we can call rgeoda’s function:
For example, to create a 6-nearest neighbor weights using Guerry dataset:
## Reference class object of class "Weight"
## Field "gda_w":
## An object of class "_p_GeoDaWeight"
## Slot "ref":
## <pointer: 0x7f99286016b0>
##
## Field "is_symmetric":
## [1] FALSE
## Field "sparsity":
## [1] 0
## Field "density":
## [1] 7.058824
## Field "min_neighbors":
## [1] 6
## Field "max_neighbors":
## [1] 6
## Field "num_obs":
## [1] 85
## Field "mean_neighbors":
## [1] 6
## Field "median_neighbors":
## [1] 6
4.6 Kernel Weights
Kernel weights apply kernel function to determine the distance decay in the derived continuous weights kernel. The kernel weights are defined as a function K(z) of the ratio between the distance dij from i to j, and the bandwidth hi, with z=dij/hi.
The kernl functions include
- triangular
- uniform
- quadratic
- epanechnikov
- quartic
- gaussian
Two functions are provided in rgeoda to create kernel weights:
4.6.1 Kernel Weights with fixed bandwidth
To create a kernel weights with fixed bandwith:
bandwidth <- min_distthreshold(guerry)
kernel_w <- kernel_weights(guerry, bandwidth, "uniform")
kernel_w
## Reference class object of class "Weight"
## Field "gda_w":
## An object of class "_p_GeoDaWeight"
## Slot "ref":
## <pointer: 0x7f992c3d9270>
##
## Field "is_symmetric":
## [1] FALSE
## Field "sparsity":
## [1] 0
## Field "density":
## [1] 4.346021
## Field "min_neighbors":
## [1] 1
## Field "max_neighbors":
## [1] 7
## Field "num_obs":
## [1] 85
## Field "mean_neighbors":
## [1] 3.694118
## Field "median_neighbors":
## [1] 4
Besides the options is_inverse
, power
, is_arc
and is_mile
that are the same with the distance based weights, this kernel weights function has another option:
use_kernel_diagonals
(optional) FALSE (default) or TRUE, apply kernel on the diagonal of weights matrix
4.6.2 Kernel Weights with adaptive bandwidth
To create a kernel weights with adaptive bandwidth or using max KNN distance as bandwidth:
## Reference class object of class "Weight"
## Field "gda_w":
## An object of class "_p_GeoDaWeight"
## Slot "ref":
## <pointer: 0x7f992c38cc30>
##
## Field "is_symmetric":
## [1] FALSE
## Field "sparsity":
## [1] 0
## Field "density":
## [1] 7.058824
## Field "min_neighbors":
## [1] 6
## Field "max_neighbors":
## [1] 6
## Field "num_obs":
## [1] 85
## Field "mean_neighbors":
## [1] 6
## Field "median_neighbors":
## [1] 6
This kernel weights function two more options:
adaptive_bandwidth
(optional) TRUE (default) or FALSE: TRUE use adaptive bandwidth calculated using distance of k-nearest neithbors, FALSE use max distance of all observation to their k-nearest neighbors
use_kernel_diagonals
(optional) FALSE (default) or TRUE, apply kernel on the diagonal of weights matrix


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Haml Changelog
6.0.7
Haml::Engine
andHaml::Template
use StringBuffer instead of ArrayBuffer- It seems more performant in many cases with recent Ruby versions.
Haml::RailsTemplate
is not affected.
6.0.6
- Prevent CRuby from accidentally using the Ruby implementation fallback
- Reversing what v6.0.3 and v6.0.4 did, but still supporting Wasm.
6.0.5
- Resurrect
#haml_object_ref
support in an object reference #1097- This was removed in 6.0.0, and added back in this version.
- Stop warning
remove_whitespace: true
option.
6.0.4
Released on October 2, 2022 (diff).
- Fix a parse failure of
%
in attributes #1096 - Add another fallback from C to Ruby for Wasm.
6.0.3
Released on September 28, 2022 (diff).
- For Wasm, fallback to Ruby when C extension is not available.
6.0.2
Released on September 28, 2022 (diff).
- Unescape HTML-safe arguments for
surround
,succeed
, andprecede
on Rails #1088
6.0.1
Released on September 23, 2022 (diff).
- Unescape HTML-safe interpolation on Rails #1084
- Resurrect Haml 5’s
AttributeParser.available?
for syntax_tree-haml #1085
6.0.0
Released on September 21, 2022 (diff).
- Replace the implementation with Hamlit
- Haml 6 is about 1.7x faster than Haml 5 in this benchmark.
- The parser is kept as is, but everything else is replaced.
- The
haml
CLI interface was also replaced. - The interface of
Haml::Engine
is changed.Haml::Template
is most likely what you need now. - Most Haml helpers are removed.
- Rails:
- Kept:
find_and_reserve
,preserve
,surround
,precede
,succeed
,capture_haml
- Removed:
block_is_haml?
,flatten
,haml_concat
,haml_indent
,haml_tag
,haml_tag_if
,html_attrs
,html_escape
,init_haml_helpers
,is_haml?
,list_of
,non_haml
,tab_down
,tab_up
,with_tabs
- Kept:
- Tilt:
- Kept:
preserve
- Removed:
block_is_haml?
,capture_haml
,escape_once
,find_and_preserve
,flatten
,haml_concat
,haml_indent
,haml_tag
,haml_tag_if
,html_attrs
,html_escape
,init_haml_helpers
,is_haml?
,list_of
,non_haml
,precede
,succeed
,surround
,tab_down
,tab_up
,with_tabs
- Kept:
- Rails:
- Only the attributes in
Haml::AttributeBuilder::BOOLEAN_ATTRIBUTES
are handled as boolean attributes. - Some legacy Rails integration is removed.
5.2.2
Released on July 27, 2021 (diff).
- Support
config.action_view.annotate_rendered_view_with_filenames = true
of Rails 6.1
5.2.1
Released on November 30, 2020 (diff).
- Add in improved “multiline” support for attributes #1043
5.2
Released on September 28, 2020 (diff).
- Fix crash in the attribute optimizer when
#inspect
is overridden in TrueClass / FalseClass #972 - Do not HTML-escape templates that are declared to be plaintext #1014 (Thanks @cesarizu)
- Class names are no longer ordered alphabetically, and now follow a new specification as laid out in REFERENCE #306
5.1.2
Released on August 6, 2019 (diff).
- Fix crash in some environments such as New Relic by unfreezing string literals for ParseNode#inspect. #1016 (thanks Jalyna)
5.1.1
Released on May 25, 2019 (diff).
- Fix NameError bug that happens on ruby 2.6.1-2.6.3 + haml 5.1.0 + rails < 5.1 + erubi. (Akira Matsuda)
5.1.0
Released on May 16, 2019 (diff).
- Rails 6 support #1008 (thanks Seb Jacobs)
- Add
escape_filter_interpolations
option for backwards compatibility with haml 4 defaults #984 (thanks Will Jordan) - Fix error on empty :javascript and :css filter blocks #986 (thanks Will Jordan)
- Respect changes in Haml::Options.defaults in
Haml::TempleEngine
options (Takashi Kokubun) - Un-freeze TempleEngine precompiled string literals #983 (thanks Will Jordan)
- Various performance/memory improvements #965, #966, #963 (thanks Dillon Welch)
- Enable
frozen_string_literal
magic comment for all .rb files #967 (thanks Dillon Welch)
5.0.4
Released on October 13, 2017 (diff).
- Fix
haml -c --stdin
regression in 5.0.2. #958 (thanks Timo Göllner) - Ruby 2.5 support (it wasn’t working due to Ripper API change). (Akira Matsuda)
5.0.3
Released on September 7, 2017 (diff).
- Use
String#dump
instead ofString#inspect
to generate string literal. (Takashi Kokubun) - Fix Erubi superclass mismatch error. #952 (thanks Robin Daugherty)
5.0.2
Released on August 1, 2017 (diff).
- Let
haml -c
fail if generated Ruby code is syntax error. #880 (Takashi Kokubun) - Fix
NoMethodError
bug caused with Sprockets 3 and :sass filter. #930 (thanks Gonzalez Maximiliano) - Fix
list_of
helper with multi-line content. #933 (thanks Benoit Larroque) - Optimize rendering performance by changing timing to fix textareas. #941 (Takashi Kokubun)
- Fix
TypeError
with empty :ruby filter. #942 (Takashi Kokubun) - Fix inconsistent attribute sort order. (Takashi Kokubun)
5.0.1
Released on May 3, 2017 (diff).
- Fix parsing attributes including string interpolation. #917 #921
- Stop distributing test files in gem package and allow installing on Windows.
- Use ActionView’s Erubi/Erubis handler for erb filter only on ActionView. #914
5.0.0
Released on April 26, 2017 (diff).
Breaking Changes
- Haml now requires Ruby 2.0.0 or above.
- Rails 3 is no longer supported, matching the official Maintenance Policy for Ruby on Rails. Use Haml 4 if you want to use Rails 3. (Tee Parham)
- Remove
:ugly
option (#894) - The
haml
command’s debug option (-d
) no longer executes the Haml code, but rather checks the generated Ruby syntax for errors. - Drop parser/compiler accessor from
Haml::Engine
. ModifyHaml::Engine#initialize
options orHaml::Template.options
instead. (Takashi Kokubun) - Drop dynamic quotes support and always escape
'
forescape_html
/escape_attrs
instead. Also, escaped results are slightly changed and always unified to the same characters. (Takashi Kokubun) - Don’t preserve newlines in attributes. (Takashi Kokubun)
-
HTML escape interpolated code in filters. #770 (Matt Wildig)
:javascript #{JSON.generate(foo: "bar")} Haml 4 output: {"foo":"bar"} Haml 5 output: {"foo":"bar"}
Added
- Add a tracing option. When enabled, Haml will output a data-trace attribute on each tag showing the path to the source Haml file from which it was generated. Thanks Alex Babkin.
- Add
haml_tag_if
to render a block, conditionally wrapped in another element (Matt Wildig) - Support Rails 5.1 Erubi template handler.
- Support Sprockets 3. Thanks Sam Davies and Jeremy Venezia.
- General performance and memory usage improvements. (Akira Matsuda)
- Analyze attribute values by Ripper and render static attributes beforehand. (Takashi Kokubun)
- Optimize attribute rendering about 3x faster. (Takashi Kokubun)
- Add temple gem as dependency and create
Haml::TempleEngine
class. Some methods inHaml::Compiler
are migrated toHaml::TempleEngine
. (Takashi Kokubun)
Fixed
- Fix for attribute merging. When an attribute method (or literal nested hash) was used in an old style attribute hash and there is also a (non-static) new style hash there is an error. The fix can result in different behavior in some circumstances. See the commit message for detailed info. (Matt Wildig)
- Make escape_once respect hexadecimal references. (Matt Wildig)
- Don’t treat the ‘data’ attribute specially when merging attribute hashes. (Matt Wildig and Norman Clarke)
- Fix #@foo and #$foo style interpolation that was not working in html_safe mode. (Akira Matsuda)
- Allow
@
as tag’s class name. Thanks Joe Bartlett. - Raise
Haml::InvalidAttributeNameError
when attribute name includes invalid characters. (Takashi Kokubun) - Don’t ignore unexpected exceptions on initializing
ActionView::OutputBuffer
. (Takashi Kokubun)
4.0.7
Released on August 10, 2015 (diff).
- Significantly improve performance of regexp used to fix whitespace handling in textareas (thanks Stan Hu).
4.0.6
Released on Dec 1, 2014 (diff).
- Fix warning on Ruby 1.8.7 “regexp has invalid interval” (thanks Elia Schito).
4.0.5
Released on Jan 7, 2014 (diff).
- Fix haml_concat appending unescaped HTML after a call to haml_tag.
- Fix for bug whereby when HAML :ugly option is “true”, ActionView::Helpers::CaptureHelper::capture returns the whole view buffer when passed a block that returns nothing (thanks Mircea Moise).
4.0.4
Released on November 5, 2013 (diff).
- Check for Rails::Railtie rather than Rails (thanks Konstantin Shabanov).
- Parser fix to allow literal ‘#’ with suppress_eval (Matt Wildig).
- Helpers#escape_once works on frozen strings (as does ERB::Util.html_escape_once for which it acts as a replacement in Rails (thanks Patrik Metzmacher).
- Minor test fix (thanks Mircea Moise).
4.0.3
Released May 21, 2013 (diff).
- Compatibility with newer versions of Rails’s Erubis handler.
- Fix Erubis handler for compatibility with Tilt 1.4.x, too.
- Small performance optimization for html_escape. (thanks Lachlan Sylvester)
- Documentation fixes.
- Documented some helper methods that were left out of the reference. (thanks Shane Riley)
4.0.2
Released April 5, 2013 (diff).
- Explicitly require Erubis to work around bug in older versions of Tilt.
- Fix :erb filter printing duplicate content in Rails views. (thanks Jori Hardman)
- Replace range with slice to reduce objects created by
capture_haml
. (thanks Tieg Zaharia) - Correct/improve some documentation.
4.0.1
Released March 21, 2013 (diff).
- Remove Rails 3.2.3+ textarea hack in favor of a more general solution.
- Fix some performance regressions.
- Fix support for Rails 4
text_area
helper method. - Fix data attribute flattening with singleton objects. (thanks Alisdair McDiarmid)
- Fix support for sass-rails 4.0 beta. (thanks Ryunosuke SATO)
- Load “haml/template” in Railtie in order to prevent user options set in a Rails initializer from being overwritten
- Don’t depend on Rails in haml/template to allow using Haml with ActionView but without Rails itself. (thanks Hunter Haydel)
4.0.0
-
The Haml executable now accepts an
--autoclose
option. You can now specify a list of tags that should be autoclosed -
The
:ruby
filter no longer redirects $stdout to the Haml document, as this is not thread safe. Instead it provides ahaml_io
local variable, which is an IO object that writes to the document. -
HTML5 is now the default output format rather than XHTML. This was already the default on Rails 3+, so many users will notice no difference.
-
The :sass filter now wraps its output in a style tag, as do the new :less and :scss filters. The :coffee filter wraps its output in a script tag.
-
Haml now supports only Rails 3 and above, and Ruby 1.8.7 and above. If you still need support for Rails 2 and Ruby 1.8.6, please use Haml 3.1.x which will continue to be maintained for bug fixes.
-
The :javascript and :css filters no longer add CDATA tags when the format is html4 or html5. This can be overridden by setting the
cdata
option totrue
. CDATA tags are always added when the format is xhtml. -
HTML2Haml has been extracted to a separate gem, creatively named “html2haml”.
-
The
:erb
filter now uses Rails’s safe output buffer to provide XSS safety. -
Haml’s internals have been refactored to move the parser, compiler and options handling into independent classes, rather than including them all in the Engine module. You can also specify your own custom Haml parser or compiler class in Haml::Options in order to extend or modify Haml reasonably easily.
-
Add an
:hyphenate_data_attrs
option that converts underscores to hyphens in your HTML5 data keys. This is a language change from 3.1 and is enabled by default. (thanks to Andrew Smith) -
All Hash attribute values are now treated as HTML5 data, regardless of key. Previously only the “data” key was treated this way. Allowing arbitrary keys means you can now easily use this feature for Aria attributes, among other uses. (thanks to Elvin Efendi)
-
Added
remove_whitespace
option to always remove all whitespace around Haml tags. (thanks to Tim van der Horst) -
Haml now flattens deeply nested data attribute hashes. For example:
.foo{:data => {:a => "b", :c => {:d => "e", :f => "g"}}}
would render to:

(thanks to Péter Pál Koszta)
-
Filters that rely on third-party template engines are now implemented using Tilt. Several new filters have been added, namely SCSS (:scss), LessCSS, (:less), and Coffeescript (:coffee/:coffeescript).
Though the list of “official” filters is kept intentionally small, Haml comes with a helper method that makes adding support for other Tilt-based template engines trivial.
As of 4.0, Haml will also ship with a “haml-contrib” gem that includes useful but less-frequently used filters and helpers. This includes several additional filters such as Nokogiri, Yajl, Markaby, and others.
-
Generate object references based on
#to_key
if it exists in preference to#id
. -
Performance improvements. (thanks to Chris Heald)
-
Helper
list_of
takes an extra argument that is rendered into list item attributes. (thanks Iain Barnett) -
Fix parser to allow lines ending with
some_method?
to be a Ruby multinline. (thanks to Brad Ediger) -
Always use :xhtml format when the mime_type of the rendered template is ‘text/xml’. (thanks to Stephen Bannasch)
-
html2haml now includes an
--html-attributes
option. (thanks Stefan Natchev) -
Fix for inner whitespace removal in loops. (thanks Richard Michael)
-
Use numeric character references rather than HTML entities when escaping double quotes and apostrophes in attributes. This works around some bugs in Internet Explorer earlier than version 9. (thanks Doug Mayer)
-
Fix multiline silent comments: Haml previously did not allow free indentation inside multline silent comments.
-
Fix ordering bug with partial layouts on Rails. (thanks Sam Pohlenz)
-
Add command-line option to suppress script evaluation.
-
It’s now possible to use Rails’s asset helpers inside the Sass and SCSS filters. Note that to do so, you must make sure sass-rails is loaded in production, usually by moving it out of the assets gem group.
-
The Haml project now uses semantic versioning.
3.2.0
The Haml 3.2 series was released only as far as 3.2.0.rc.4, but then was renamed to Haml 4.0 when the project adopted semantic versioning.
3.1.8
- Fix for line numbers reported from exceptions in nested blocks (thanks to Grant Hutchins & Sabrina Staedt).
3.1.7
- Fix for compatibility with Sass 3.2.x. (thanks Michael Westbom).
3.1.6
- In indented mode, don’t reindent buffers that contain preserved tags, and provide a better workaround for Rails 3.2.3’s textarea helpers.
3.1.5
-
Respect Rails’
html_safe
flag when escaping attribute values (thanks to Gerad Suyderhoud). -
Fix for Rails 3.2.3 textarea helpers (thanks to James Coleman and others).
3.1.4
- Fix the use of
FormBuilder#block
with a label in Haml. - Fix indentation after a self-closing tag with dynamic attributes.
3.1.3
- Stop partial layouts from being displayed twice.
3.1.2
-
If the ActionView
#capture
helper is used in a Haml template but without any Haml being run in the block, return the value of the block rather than the captured buffer. -
Don’t throw errors when text is nested within comments.
-
Fix html2haml.
-
Fix an issue where destructive modification was sometimes performed on Rails SafeBuffers.
-
Use character code entities for attribute value replacements instead of named/keyword entities.
3.1.1
- Update the vendored Sass to version 3.1.0.
3.1.0
-
Don’t add a
type
attribute to
is now transformed into:
:javascript function foo() { return 12; }
-

and<textarea>
tags are now transformed into the:preserve
filter. For example:
Foo bar baz

is now transformed into:
%pre :preserve Foo bar baz
-
Self-closing tags (such as

) are now transformed into self-closing Haml tags (like%br/
). -
IE conditional comments are now properly parsed.
-
Attributes are now output in a more-standard format, without spaces within the curly braces (e.g.
%p{:foo => "bar"}
as opposed to%p{ :foo => "bar" }
). -
IDs and classes containing
#
and.
are now output as string attributes (e.g.%p{:class => "foo.bar"}
). -
Attributes are now sorted, to maintain a deterministic order.
-
>
or #succeed are inserted where necessary when inline formatting is used. -
Multi-line ERB statements are now properly indented, and those without any content are removed.
Minor Improvements
-
capture_haml is now faster when using
:ugly
. Thanks to Alf Mikula. -
Add an
RDFa
doctype shortcut.
2.2.24
-
Don’t prevent ActiveModel form elements from having error formatting applied.
-
Make sure
form_for
blocks are properly indented under Rails 3.0.0.beta.3. -
Don’t activate a bug in the
dynamic_form
plugin under Rails 3.0.0.beta.3 that would cause its methods not to be loaded.
2.2.23
-
Don’t crash when
rake gems
is run in Rails with Haml installed. Thanks to Florian Frank. -
Don’t remove
\n
in filters with interpolation. -
Silence those annoying
"regexp match /.../n against to UTF-8 string"
warnings.
2.2.22
-
Add a railtie so Haml and Sass will be automatically loaded in Rails 3. Thanks to Daniel Neighman.
-
Add a deprecation message for using
-
with methods likeform_for
that return strings in Rails 3. This is the same deprecation that exists in Rails 3. -
Make sure line numbers are reported correctly when filters are being used.
-
Make loading the gemspec not crash on read-only filesystems like Heroku’s.
-
Don’t crash when methods like
form_for
returnnil
in, for example, Rails 3 beta. -
Compatibility with Rails 3 beta’s RJS facilities.
2.2.21
-
Fix a few bugs in the git-revision-reporting in Haml::Version. In particular, it will still work if
git gc
has been called recently, or if various files are missing. -
Always use
__FILE__
when reading files within the Haml repo in theRakefile
. According to this bug report, this should make Haml work better with Bundler. -
Make the error message for
- end
a little more intuitive based on user feedback. -
Compatibility with methods like
form_for
that return strings rather than concatenate to the template in Rails 3. -
Add a with_tabs helper, which sets the indentation level for the duration of a block.
2.2.20
-
The
form_tag
Rails helper is now properly marked as HTML-safe when using Rails’ XSS protection with Rails 2.3.5. -
Calls to
defined?
shouldn’t interfere with Rails’ autoloading in very old versions (1.2.x). -
Fix a bug where calls to ActionView’s
render
method with blocks and layouts wouldn’t work under the Rails 3.0 beta. -
Fix a bug where the closing tags of nested calls to Haml::Helpers#haml_concat were improperly escaped under the Rails 3.0 beta.
2.2.19
- Fix a bug with the integration with Rails’ XSS support.
In particular, correctly override
safe_concat
.
2.2.18
-
Support the new XSS-protection API used in Rails 3.
-
Use
Rails.env
rather thanRAILS_ENV
when running under Rails 3.0. Thanks to Duncan Grazier. -
Add a
--unix-newlines
flag to all executables for outputting Unix-style newlines on Windows. -
Fix a couple bugs with the
:erb
filter: make sure error reporting uses the correct line numbers, and allow multi-line expressions. -
Fix a parsing bug for HTML-style attributes including
#
.
2.2.17
-
Fix compilation of HTML5 doctypes when using
html2haml
. -
nil
values for Sass options are now ignored, rather than raising errors.
2.2.16
- Abstract out references to
ActionView::TemplateError
,ActionView::TemplateHandler
, etc. These have all been renamed toActionView::Template::*
in Rails 3.0.
2.2.15
-
Allow
if
statements with no content followed byelse
clauses. For example:- if foo
- else bar
2.2.14
-
Don’t print warnings when escaping attributes containing non-ASCII characters in Ruby 1.9.
-
Don’t crash when parsing an XHTML Strict doctype in
html2haml
. -
Support the HTML5 doctype in an XHTML document by using
!!! 5
as the doctype declaration.
2.2.13
-
Allow users to specify
:encoding => "ascii-8bit"
even for templates that include non-ASCII byte sequences. This makes Haml templates not crash when given non-ASCII input that’s marked as having an ASCII encoding. -
Fixed an incompatibility with Hpricot 0.8.2, which is used for
html2haml
.
2.2.12
There were no changes made to Haml between versions 2.2.11 and 2.2.12.
2.2.11
-
Fixed a bug with XSS protection where HTML escaping would raise an error if passed a non-string value. Note that this doesn’t affect any HTML escaping when XSS protection is disabled.
-
Fixed a bug in outer-whitespace nuking where whitespace-only Ruby strings blocked whitespace nuking beyond them.
-
Use
ensure
to protect the resetting of the Haml output buffer against exceptions that are raised within the compiled Haml code. -
Fix an error line-numbering bug that appeared if an error was thrown within loud script (
=
). This is not the best solution, as it disables a few optimizations, but it shouldn’t have too much effect and the optimizations will hopefully be re-enabled in version 2.4. -
Don’t crash if the plugin skeleton is installed and
rake gems:install
is run. -
Don’t use
RAILS_ROOT
directly. This no longer exists in Rails 3.0. Instead abstract this out asHaml::Util.rails_root
. This changes makes Haml fully compatible with edge Rails as of this writing.
2.2.10
-
Fixed a bug where elements with dynamic attributes and no content would have too much whitespace between the opening and closing tag.
-
Changed
rails/init.rb
away from loadinginit.rb
and instead have it basically copy the content. This allows us to transfer the proper binding toHaml.init_rails
. -
Make sure Haml only tries to enable XSS protection integration once all other plugins are loaded. This allows it to work properly when Haml is a gem and the
rails_xss
plugin is being used. -
Mark the return value of Haml templates as HTML safe. This makes Haml partials work with Rails’ XSS protection.
2.2.9
-
Fixed a bug where Haml’s text was concatenated to the wrong buffer under certain circumstances. This was mostly an issue under Rails when using methods like
capture
. -
Fixed a bug where template text was escaped when there was interpolation in a line and the
:escape_html
option was enabled. For example:Foo < Bar #{"<"} Baz
with
:escape_html
used to render asFoo < Bar < Baz
but now renders as
Foo < Bar < Baz
Rails XSS Protection
Haml 2.2.9 supports the XSS protection in Rails versions 2.3.5+. There are several components to this:
-
If XSS protection is enabled, Haml’s
:escape_html
option is set totrue
by default. -
Strings declared as HTML safe won’t be escaped by Haml, including the
#html_escape
helper and&=
if:escape_html
has been disabled. -
Haml helpers that generate HTML are marked as HTML safe, and will escape their input if it’s not HTML safe.
2.2.8
- Fixed a potential XSS issue with HTML escaping and wacky Unicode nonsense. This is the same as the issue fixed in Rails a bit ago.
2.2.7
-
Fixed an
html2haml
issue where ERB attribute values weren’t HTML-unescaped before being transformed into Haml. -
Fixed an
html2haml
issue where#{}
wasn’t escaped before being transformed into Haml. -
Add

to the list of tags that’s automatically whitespace-preserved. -
Fixed a bug with
end
being followed by code in silent scripts - it no longer throws an error when it’s nested beneath tags. -
Fixed a bug with inner whitespace-nuking and conditionals. The
else
et al. clauses of conditionals are now properly whitespace-nuked.
2.2.6
-
Made the error message when unable to load a dependency for html2haml respect the
--trace
option. -
Don’t crash when the
__FILE__
constant of a Ruby file is a relative path, as apparently happens sometimes in TextMate (thanks to Karl Varga). -
Add “Sass” to the
--version
string for the executables. -
Raise an exception when commas are omitted in static attributes (e.g.
%p{:foo => "bar" :baz => "bang"}
).
2.2.5
-
Got rid of trailing whitespace produced when opening a conditional comment (thanks to Norman Clarke).
-
Fixed CSS id concatenation when a numeric id is given as an attribute. (thanks to Norman Clarke).
-
Fixed a couple bugs with using “-end” in strings.
2.2.4
-
Allow
end
to be used for silent script when it’s followed by code. For example:- form_for do ... - end if @show_form
This isn’t very good style, but we’re supporting it for consistency’s sake.
-
Don’t add
require 'rubygems'
to the top of init.rb when installed viahaml --rails
. This isn’t necessary, and actually gets clobbered as soon as haml/template is loaded.
2.2.3
Haml 2.2.3 adds support for the JRuby bundling tools for Google AppEngine, thanks to Jan Ulbrich.
2.2.2
Haml 2.2.2 is a minor bugfix release, with several notable changes.
First, haml_concat
will now raise an error when used with =
.
This has always been incorrect behavior,
and in fact has never actually worked.
The only difference is that now it will fail loudly.
Second, Ruby 1.9 is now more fully supported,
especially with the new attribute syntax.
Third, filters are no longer escaped when the :escape_html
option
is enabled and #{}
interpolation is used.
2.2.1
Haml 2.2.1 is a minor bug-fix release.
2.2.0
Haml 2.2 adds several new features to the language,
fixes several bugs, and dramatically improves performance
(particularly when running with :ugly
enabled).
Syntax Changes
HTML-Style Attribute Syntax
Haml 2.2 introduces a new syntax for attributes based on the HTML syntax. For example:
%a(href="http://haml.info" title="Haml's so cool!")
%img(src="/images/haml.png" alt="Haml")
There are two main reasons for this. First, the hash-style syntax is very Ruby-specific. There are now Haml implementations in many languages, each of which has its own syntax for hashes (or dicts or associative arrays or whatever they’re called). The HTML syntax will be adopted by all of them, so you can feel comfortable using Haml in whichever language you need.
Second, the hash-style syntax is quite verbose.
%img{:src => "/images/haml.png", :alt => "Haml"}
is eight characters longer than %img(src="/images/haml.png" alt="Haml")
.
Haml’s supposed to be about writing templates quickly and easily;
HTML-style attributes should help out a lot with that.
Ruby variables can be used as attribute values by omitting quotes. Local variables or instance variables can be used. For example:
%a(title=@title href=href) Stuff
This is the same as:
%a{:title => @title, :href => href} Stuff
Because there are no commas separating attributes,
more complicated expressions aren’t allowed.
You can use #{}
interpolation to insert complicated expressions
in a HTML-style attribute, though:
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Multiline Attributes
In general, Haml tries to keep individual elements on a single line. There is a multiline syntax for overflowing onto further lines, but it’s intentionally awkward to use to encourage shorter lines.
However, there is one case where overflow is reasonable: attributes. Often a tag will simply have a lot of attributes, and in this case it makes sense to allow overflow. You can now stretch an attribute hash across multiple lines:
%script{:type => "text/javascript",
:src => "javascripts/script_#{2 + 7}"}
This also works for HTML-style attributes:
%script(type="text/javascript"
src="javascripts/script_#{2 + 7}")
Note that for hash-style attributes, the newlines must come after commas.
Universal interpolation
In Haml 2.0, you could use ==
to interpolate Ruby code
within a line of text using #{}
.
In Haml 2.2, the ==
is unnecessary;
#{}
can be used in any text.
For example:
%p This is a really cool #{h what_is_this}!
But is it a #{h what_isnt_this}?
In addition, to escape or unescape
the interpolated code, you can just add &
or !
, respectively,
to the beginning of the line:
%p& This is a really cool #{what_is_this}!
& But is it a #{what_isnt_this}?
Flexible indentation
Haml has traditionally required its users to use two spaces of indentation. This is the universal Ruby style, and still highly recommended. However, Haml now allows any number of spaces or even tabs for indentation, provided:
- Tabs and spaces are not mixed
- The indentation is consistent within a given document
New Options
:ugly
The :ugly
option is not technically new;
it was introduced in Haml 2.0 to make rendering deeply nested templates less painful.
However, it’s been greatly empowered in Haml 2.2.
It now does all sorts of performance optimizations
that couldn’t be done before,
and its use increases Haml’s performance dramatically.
It’s enabled by default in production in Rails,
and it’s highly recommended for production environments
in other frameworks.
:encoding
This option specifies the encoding of the Haml template
when running under Ruby 1.9. It defaults to Encoding.default_internal
or "utf-8"
.
This is useful for making sure that you don’t get weird
encoding errors when dealing with non-ASCII input data.
Deprecations
Haml::Helpers#puts
This helper is being deprecated for the obvious reason
that it conflicts with the Kernel#puts
method.
I’m ashamed I ever chose this name.
Use haml_concat
instead and spare me the embarrassment.
= haml_tag
A lot of people accidentally use “= haml_tag
”.
This has always been wrong; haml_tag
outputs directly to the template,
and so should be used as “- haml_tag
”.
Now it raises an error when you use =
.
Compatibility
Rails
Haml 2.2 is fully compatible with Rails, from 2.0.6 to the latest revision of edge, 783db25.
Ruby 1.9
Haml 2.2 is also fully compatible with Ruby 1.9.
It supports Ruby 1.9-style attribute hashes,
and handles encoding-related issues
(see the :encoding
option).
Filters
:markdown
There are numerous improvements to the Markdown filter. No longer will Haml attempt to use RedCloth’s inferior Markdown implementation. Instead, it will look for all major Markdown implementations: RDiscount, RPeg-Markdown, Maruku, and BlueCloth.
:cdata
There is now a :cdata
filter for wrapping text in CDATA tags.
:sass
The :sass
filter now uses options set in Sass::Plugin
,
if they’re available.
Executables
haml
The haml
executable now takes -r
and -I
flags
that act just like the same flags for the ruby
executable.
This allows users to load helper files when using Haml
from the command line.
It also takes a --debug
flag that causes it to spit out
the Ruby code that Haml generates from the template.
This is more for my benefit than anything,
but you may find it interesting.
html2haml
The html2haml
executable has undergone significant improvements.
Many of these are bugfixes, but there are also a few features.
For one, it now understands CDATA tags and autodetects ERB files.
In addition, a line containing just “- end
” is now a Haml error;
since it’s not possible for html2haml
to properly parse all Ruby blocks,
this acts as a signal for the author that there are blocks
to be dealt with.
Miscellaneous
XHTML Mobile DTD
Haml 2.2 supports a DTD for XHTML Mobile: !!! Mobile
.
YARD
All the documentation for Haml 2.2, including this changelog, has been moved to YARD. YARD is an excellent documentation system, and allows us to write our documentation in Maruku, which is also excellent.


Neural Networks for Computer Vision
Implementing Neural Networks for Computer Vision in Autonomous Vehicles and Robotics for Objects Detection and Tracking, Objects Classification, Pattern Recognition, Robotics Control. From very beginning to Complex Project.
Reference to:
Valentyn N Sichkar. Neural Networks for computer vision in autonomous vehicles and robotics // GitHub platform. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1317904
Structure of repository
Related works
-
Sichkar V.N. Comparison analysis of knowledge based systems for navigation of mobile robot and collision avoidance with obstacles in unknown environment. St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University Journal. Computer Science. Telecommunications and Control Systems, 2018, Vol. 11, No. 2, Pp. 64–73. DOI: 10.18721/JCSTCS.11206 (Full-text available also here ResearchGate.net/profile/Valentyn_Sichkar)
-
The study on Image Processing in Python is put in separate repository and is available here: Image processing in Python
-
The study of Semantic Web languages OWL and RDF for Knowledge representation of Alarm-Warning System is put in separate repository and is available here: Knowledge Base Represented by Semantic Web Language
-
The research results for Neural Network Knowledge Based system for the tasks of collision avoidance is put in separate repository and is available here: Matlab implementation of Neural Networks
-
The research on Machine Learning algorithms and techniques in Python is put in separate repository and is available here: Machine Learning in Python
Description
The aim of the repository is to study and create complex project on Computer Vision in autonomous vehicles and robotics through basics in Neural Networks to advanced learning. Here is brief description of repository, its stages of development, animated figures with empirical results. To get full content scroll down or click here.
- Example #1 - simple convolving of input image with three different filters for edge detection.
- Example #2 - more complex convolving of input image with following architecture:
Input
–>Conv --> ReLU --> Pool
–>Conv --> ReLU --> Pool
–>Conv --> ReLU --> Pool
- Example #4 - image classification with CNN and CIFAR-10 datasets in pure
numpy
, algorithm and file structure:
- Example #5 - training of Model #1 for CIFAR-10 Image Classification:
- Example #6 - Initialized Filters and Trained Filters for ConvNet Layer for CIFAR-10 Image Classification:
- Example #7 - training of Model #1 for MNIST Digits Classification:
- Example #8 - Initialized Filters and Trained Filters for ConvNet Layer for MNIST Digits Classification:
- Example #9 - Histogram of 43 classes for training dataset with their number of examples for Traffic Signs Classification before and after Equalization by adding transformated images from original dataset:
- Example #10 - Prepared and preprocessed data for Traffic Sign Classification (RGB, Gray, Local Histogram Equalization):
- Example #11 - Implementing Traffic Sign Classification with Convolutional Neural Network.
Left: original frame with detected Sign.
Upper Right: cut frame with detected Sign.
Lower Right: classified frame by ConvNet according to the detected Sign.
- Example #12 - Enhancing image by CLAHE (Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization) algorithm with OpenCV:
- Example #13 - Accuracy for training CNN with different datasets for Traffic Sign Classification is shown on the figure below:
Content
Theory and experimental results (it’ll send you to appropriate page):
- Introduction into Neural Networks
- Convolutional Neural Networks
- Traffic Sign Classification
- OpenCV
- Tensorflow
Codes (it’ll send you to appropriate file):
- Introduction part:
- Convolutional Neural Networks in Python with
numpy
only:
MIT License
Copyright (c) 2018 Valentyn N Sichkar
github.com/sichkar-valentyn
Reference to:
Valentyn N Sichkar. Neural Networks for computer vision in autonomous vehicles and robotics // GitHub platform. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1317904


transfer::copy - Data transfer foundation
This package provides a number of commands for the asynchronous of information contained in either a string or channel. The main point of this package is that the commands here provide a nicer callback API than the builtin command fcopy, making the use of these facilities simpler than the builtin.
This command transfers the information in data to the outchannel, according to the options. The type of the information in data is determined by the first argument.
The options available to this command are the same as are available to the command transfer::copy::options, and explained there.
The argument data contains the handle of a channel and the actual infomration to transfer is read from that channel.
The argument data contains a string and this is the information to be transfered.
This command is a shorter and more direct form for the command transfer::copy::do chan.
This command is a shorter and more direct form for the command transfer::copy::do string.
This command is an alternate form of transfer::copy::chan which reads its options out of the array variable named by optvar instead of from a variable length argument list.
This command is an alternate form of transfer::copy::string which reads its options out of the array variable named by optvar instead of from a variable length argument list.
This command is the option processor used by all the commands above which read their options from a variable length argument list. It first reads default settings from the channel handle outchannel, then processes the list of options in optionlist, at last stores the results in the array variable named by optvar. The contents of that variable are in a format which is directly understood by all the commands above which read their options out of an array variable.
The recognized options are:
This document, and the package it describes, will undoubtedly contain bugs and other problems. Please report such in the category transfer of the Tcllib Trackers. Please also report any ideas for enhancements you may have for either package and/or documentation.
When proposing code changes, please provide unified diffs, i.e the output of diff -u.
Note further that attachments are strongly preferred over inlined patches. Attachments can be made by going to the Edit form of the ticket immediately after its creation, and then using the left-most button in the secondary navigation bar.
Transfer module
Copyright © 2006-2009 Andreas Kupries <andreas_kupries@users.sourceforge.net>


welcome {{session.current_user}}. exit
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[virtual]
[inline]
[private]
should be called from progress call back if you want to terminate.
must call this after creating VPC subclass instance.
[protected]
some face get thrown away, this is how many real faces
num face in orginal input mesh
ptr to array of face pointers.
pair hash bucket table
pair container sorted by contraction cost.
array of floats passed in by user, CLODgen will record mesh damage in.

Indicates how normals should be maintained and updated.


/*====================================================================* * * Copyright (c) 2013 Qualcomm Atheros, Inc. * * All rights reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or * without modification, are permitted (subject to the limitations * in the disclaimer below) provided that the following conditions * are met: * * * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * * * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above * copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following * disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials * provided with the distribution. * * * Neither the name of Qualcomm Atheros nor the names of * its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products * derived from this software without specific prior written * permission. * * NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED LICENSES TO ANY PARTY'S PATENT RIGHTS ARE * GRANTED BY THIS LICENSE.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER * OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE * OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. * *--------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /*====================================================================* * * signed QualcommHeader1 (struct qualcomm_fmi * header, uint8_t MMV, uint16_t MMTYPE, uint16_tFMI); * * mme.h * * Encode memory with an Atheros vendor specific message header * having HomePlug message protocol version (INTELLON_MMV) and * Atheros message type (MMTYPE); * * return the number of bytes actually encoded or 0 on encode error; * the error code is stored in errno; * * see the INT6000 Firmware Technical Reference Manual for more * about MME headers and message types; the Atheros OUI is * implicit in this function; * * MMV is the version number of the MME command set; currently, * there is only one command set for Atheros MMEs; * * MMTYPE indicates the desired Atheros device operation taken * from the TRM; some operations are undocumented and should not * be used; * * OUI is the Organizationally Unique Identifier resgistered with * the IEEE by the vendor and is a constant for Atheros Devices; * * There is no need to flush the header since this function writes * to all locations unless there is an error; the caller may elect * to flush the buffer before calling this function; * * * Contributor(s): * Charles Maier<EMAIL_ADDRESS>* *--------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #ifndef FRAGMENTHEADER_SOURCE #define FRAGMENTHEADER_SOURCE #include <stdint.h> #include <memory.h> #include "../tools/endian.h" #include "../mme/mme.h" signed QualcommHeader1 (struct qualcomm_fmi * header, uint8_t MMV, uint16_t MMTYPE) { header->MMV = MMV; header->MMTYPE = HTOLE16 (MMTYPE); header->FMSN = 0; header->FMID = 0; header->OUI [0] = 0x00; header->OUI [1] = 0xB0; header->OUI [2] = 0x52; return (sizeof (* header)); } #endif


Creates a Vector4 object from the given floats.
x value of the vector
y value of the vector
z value of the vector
w value of the vector
w value of the vector
x value of the vector
y value of the vector
z value of the vector
Returns a new array populated with 4 elements : the Vector4 coordinates.
the resulting array
Returns a new Vector4 copied from the current one.
the new cloned vector
Updates the current Vector4 coordinates with the given floats.
float to copy from
float to copy from
float to copy from
float to copy from
the updated Vector4.
Boolean : True if the current Vector4 coordinates are stricly equal to the given ones.
the vector to compare against
true if they are equal
Boolean : True if the given floats are strictly equal to the current Vector4 coordinates.
x value to compare against
y value to compare against
z value to compare against
w value to compare against
true if equal
Boolean : True if the current Vector4 coordinates are each beneath the distance "epsilon" from the given vector ones.
vector to compare against
(Default: very small number)
true if they are equal
Gets a new Vector4 from current Vector4 floored values
a new Vector4
Gets a new Vector4 from current Vector3 floored values
a new Vector4
Returns the string "Vector4".
"Vector4"
Returns the Vector4 hash code.
a unique hash code
Returns the Vector4 length (float).
the length
Returns the Vector4 squared length (float).
the length squared
Returns a new Vector4 set with the multiplication result of the given floats and the current Vector4 coordinates.
x value multiply with
y value multiply with
z value multiply with
w value multiply with
resulting new vector
Returns a new Vector4 set with the current Vector4 negated coordinates.
a new vector with the negated values
Normalizes in place the Vector4.
the updated Vector4.
Returns a new Vector4 set with the current Vector4 coordinates multiplied by scale (float).
the number to scale with
a new vector with the result
Multiplies the current Vector4 coordinates by scale (float).
the number to scale with
the updated Vector4.
Updates the current Vector4 coordinates with the given floats.
float to set from
float to set from
float to set from
float to set from
the updated Vector4.
Copies the given float to the current Vector3 coordinates
defines the x, y, z and w coordinates of the operand
the current updated Vector3
Returns a new Vector4 set with the result of the subtraction of the given floats from the current Vector4 coordinates.
value to subtract
value to subtract
value to subtract
value to subtract
new vector containing the result
Sets the given vector "result" set with the result of the subtraction of the given floats from the current Vector4 coordinates.
value to subtract
value to subtract
value to subtract
value to subtract
the vector to store the result in
the current Vector4.
Populates the given array from the given index with the Vector4 coordinates.
array to populate
index of the array to start at (default: 0)
the Vector4.
Returns a JSON representation of this vector. This is necessary due to the way Actors detect changes on components like the actor's transform. They do this by adding properties for observation, and we don't want these properties serialized.
Returns the string with the Vector4 coordinates.
a string containing all the vector values
Returns a new Vector3 from the Vector4 (x, y, z) coordinates.
this converted to a new vector3
Returns a new Vector4 set from the starting index of the given array.
the array to pull values from
the offset into the array to start at
the new vector
Updates the given vector "result" from the starting index of the given array.
the array to pull values from
the offset into the array to start at
the vector to store the result in
Updates the given vector "result" from the starting index of the given Float32Array.
the array to pull values from
the offset into the array to start at
the vector to store the result in
Updates the given vector "result" coordinates from the given floats.
float to set from
float to set from
float to set from
float to set from
the vector to the floats in
Returns a new Vector4 set to (1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
the new vector
Returns a new Vector4 set with the result of the normal transformation by the given matrix of the given vector. This methods computes transformed normalized direction vectors only.
the new vector
Sets the given vector "result" with the result of the normal transformation by the given matrix of the given floats (x, y, z, w). This methods computes transformed normalized direction vectors only.
value to transform
value to transform
value to transform
value to transform
the transformation matrix to apply
the vector to store the results in
Sets the given vector "result" with the result of the normal transformation by the given matrix of the given vector. This methods computes transformed normalized direction vectors only.
the vector to transform
the transformation matrix to apply
the vector to store the result in
Returns a new Vector4 set to (0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
the new vector
Vector4 class created for EulerAngle class conversion to Quaternion


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