public class Page implements ClickAndNavigateSupport, ComponentMappingSupport, JavaScriptSupport, WaitingSupport
This class is the corner stone for Balin's implementation of the Page Object Design Pattern. All classes that model a Web page/view most extend this one.
// Given the Kotlin's website index page with content elements
class IndexPage(browser: Browser) : Page(browser) {
override val url = "https://kotlinlang.org/"
override val at = at {
title == "Kotlin Programming Language"
}
val navItems by lazy {
`$`("a.nav-item", 0..2).map { it.text }
}
val tryItBtn by lazy {
`$`(".try-button", 0).text
}
val features by lazy {
`$`("li.kotlin-feature", 3, 2, 1, 0).`$`("h3:nth-child(2)", 0..3).map {
it.text
}
}
}
Browser.drive(driverFactory) {
// When I visit such page and get the content's elements
to(::IndexPage).run {
// Then I should get the navigation items
assertEquals(navItems, listOf("Learn", "Community", "Try Online"))
// And I should get the try-it button
assertEquals(tryItBtn, "Try online")
// And I should get the coolest features
assertEquals(features, listOf("Concise", "Safe", "Interoperable", "Tool-friendly").reversed())
}
}
| Modifier and Type | Class and Description |
|---|---|
static class |
Page.Companion |
WaitingSupport.DefaultImpls
| Modifier and Type | Field and Description |
|---|---|
static Page.Companion |
Companion |
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
Page(Browser browser)
Create a new instance with the given browser as its bridge with the web content the page care about.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
static kotlin.jvm.functions.Function1<com.github.epadronu.balin.core.Browser,java.lang.Object> |
at(kotlin.jvm.functions.Function1<? super com.github.epadronu.balin.core.Browser,? extends java.lang.Object> block)
This method eases the definition of a page's implicit at verification.
|
<T extends Page> |
click(org.openqa.selenium.WebElement $receiver,
kotlin.jvm.functions.Function1<? super com.github.epadronu.balin.core.Browser,? extends T> factory)
Click on an element and tells the browser it will navigate to the given
page as consequence of such action.
|
<T extends Component> |
component(org.openqa.selenium.WebElement $receiver,
kotlin.jvm.functions.Function2<? super com.github.epadronu.balin.core.Page,? super org.openqa.selenium.WebElement,? extends T> factory)
Create a new component with the given
WebElement as its root element.
|
<T extends Component> |
component(java.util.List<? extends org.openqa.selenium.WebElement> $receiver,
kotlin.jvm.functions.Function2<? super com.github.epadronu.balin.core.Page,? super org.openqa.selenium.WebElement,? extends T> factory)
Map the given collection of WebElement
into a collection of
class Component . |
org.openqa.selenium.WebElement |
findElement(org.openqa.selenium.By p0) |
java.util.List<org.openqa.selenium.WebElement> |
findElements(org.openqa.selenium.By p0) |
kotlin.jvm.functions.Function1<com.github.epadronu.balin.core.Browser,java.lang.Object> |
getAt()
Defines an optional implicit verification to be checked as soon as the
browser navigates to the page.
|
Browser |
getBrowser()
the browser used by the page in order to interact with the underlying web content.
|
ConfigurationSetup |
getConfigurationSetup()
The configuration setup used to customized Balin's behavior.
|
org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver |
getDriver()
The driver to be used when evaluating
isTrue in waitFor . |
JavaScriptExecutor |
getJs()
Allows the execution of synchronous and asynchronous JavaScript code if
such functionality is supported by the underlying driver.
|
java.lang.String |
getUrl()
Defines an optional URL, which will be used when invoking
Browser.to with a page factory. |
<T> T |
waitFor(long timeOutInSeconds,
long sleepInMillis,
kotlin.jvm.functions.Function0<? extends org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedCondition<T>> isTrue)
Repeatedly applies the underlying driver to the given function until
one of the following occurs:
|
click
component, component
getJs
getConfigurationSetup, getDriver, waitFor
public static Page.Companion Companion
public Page(@NotNull Browser browser)
Create a new instance with the given browser as its bridge with the web content the page care about.
browser
- the browser used by the page in order to interact with the underlying web content.@NotNull public kotlin.jvm.functions.Function1<com.github.epadronu.balin.core.Browser,java.lang.Object> getAt()
Defines an optional implicit verification to be checked as soon as the browser navigates to the page.
Useful for performing early failure.
// Given the Kotlin's website index page with content elements
class IndexPage(browser: Browser) : Page(browser) {
override val url = "https://kotlinlang.org/"
override val at = at {
title == "Kotlin Programming Language"
}
val navItems by lazy {
`$`("a.nav-item", 0..2).map { it.text }
}
val tryItBtn by lazy {
`$`(".try-button", 0).text
}
val features by lazy {
`$`("li.kotlin-feature", 3, 2, 1, 0).`$`("h3:nth-child(2)", 0..3).map {
it.text
}
}
}
Browser.drive(driverFactory) {
// When I visit such page and get the content's elements
to(::IndexPage).run {
// Then I should get the navigation items
assertEquals(navItems, listOf("Learn", "Community", "Try Online"))
// And I should get the try-it button
assertEquals(tryItBtn, "Try online")
// And I should get the coolest features
assertEquals(features, listOf("Concise", "Safe", "Interoperable", "Tool-friendly").reversed())
}
}
@Nullable public java.lang.String getUrl()
Defines an optional URL, which will be used when invoking
Browser.to
with a page factory.
// Given the Kotlin's website index page with content elements
class IndexPage(browser: Browser) : Page(browser) {
override val url = "https://kotlinlang.org/"
override val at = at {
title == "Kotlin Programming Language"
}
val navItems by lazy {
`$`("a.nav-item", 0..2).map { it.text }
}
val tryItBtn by lazy {
`$`(".try-button", 0).text
}
val features by lazy {
`$`("li.kotlin-feature", 3, 2, 1, 0).`$`("h3:nth-child(2)", 0..3).map {
it.text
}
}
}
Browser.drive(driverFactory) {
// When I visit such page and get the content's elements
to(::IndexPage).run {
// Then I should get the navigation items
assertEquals(navItems, listOf("Learn", "Community", "Try Online"))
// And I should get the try-it button
assertEquals(tryItBtn, "Try online")
// And I should get the coolest features
assertEquals(features, listOf("Concise", "Safe", "Interoperable", "Tool-friendly").reversed())
}
}
Browser.to
@NotNull public <T extends Page> T click(@NotNull org.openqa.selenium.WebElement $receiver, @NotNull kotlin.jvm.functions.Function1<? super com.github.epadronu.balin.core.Browser,? extends T> factory)
Click on an element and tells the browser it will navigate to the given page as consequence of such action.
// Given the Kotlin's reference page
class ReferencePage(browser: Browser) : Page(browser) {
override val at = at {
title == "Reference - Kotlin Programming Language"
}
val header by lazy {
`$`("h1", 0).text
}
}
// And the Kotlin's website index page
class IndexPage(browser: Browser) : Page(browser) {
override val url = "https://kotlinlang.org/"
override val at = at {
title == "Kotlin Programming Language"
}
fun goToLearnPage() = `$`("div.nav-links a", 0).click(::ReferencePage)
}
Browser.drive(driverFactory) {
// When I visit the Kotlin's website index page
val indexPage = to(::IndexPage)
// And I click on the Learn navigation link
val referencePage = indexPage.goToLearnPage()
// Then the browser should land on the Reference page
assertEquals(referencePage.header, "Learn Kotlin")
}
factory
- provides an instance of the page given the driver being used by the browser.PageImplicitAtVerificationException
- if the page has an implicit at verification which have failed.@NotNull public <T extends Component> T component(@NotNull org.openqa.selenium.WebElement $receiver, @NotNull kotlin.jvm.functions.Function2<? super com.github.epadronu.balin.core.Page,? super org.openqa.selenium.WebElement,? extends T> factory)
Create a new component with the given WebElement as its root element.
Depending on how the component is designed, the interactions with the underlying web content may be performed relatively to the component's root element.
// Given a component for the Kotlin's features
class Feature(page: Page, element: WebElement) : Component(page, element) {
val title by lazy {
`$`("h3.feature-title", 0).text
}
val description by lazy {
`$`("p.feature-description", 0).text
}
override fun toString(): String {
return "Feature(title = $title, description = $description)"
}
}
// And a component of the section on features
class FeaturesSection(page: Page, element: WebElement) : Component(page, element) {
val title by lazy {
`$`("h2.section-header", 0).text
}
val features by lazy {
`$`("li.kotlin-feature").component(::Feature)
}
}
// And the Kotlin's website index page
class IndexPage(browser: Browser) : Page(browser) {
override val url = "https://kotlinlang.org/"
override val at = at {
title == "Kotlin Programming Language"
}
val featuresSection by lazy {
`$`("section.kotlin-overview-section._features", 0).component(::FeaturesSection)
}
}
Browser.drive(driverFactory) {
// When I visit the Kotlin's website index page
val indexPage = to(::IndexPage)
// Then the header for the features section must be correct
assertEquals(indexPage.featuresSection.title, "Why Kotlin?")
val actualFeatures = indexPage.featuresSection.features.associateBy(
Feature::title, Feature::description
)
// And the features should be correctly described inside said section
assertEquals(actualFeatures, expectedFeatures)
}
factory
- provides an instance of the component, given the page it's linked to and its root element.@NotNull public <T extends Component> java.util.List<T> component(@NotNull java.util.List<? extends org.openqa.selenium.WebElement> $receiver, @NotNull kotlin.jvm.functions.Function2<? super com.github.epadronu.balin.core.Page,? super org.openqa.selenium.WebElement,? extends T> factory)
Map the given collection of WebElement
into a collection of class Component
.
// Given a component for the Kotlin's features
class Feature(page: Page, element: WebElement) : Component(page, element) {
val title by lazy {
`$`("h3.feature-title", 0).text
}
val description by lazy {
`$`("p.feature-description", 0).text
}
override fun toString(): String {
return "Feature(title = $title, description = $description)"
}
}
// And a component of the section on features
class FeaturesSection(page: Page, element: WebElement) : Component(page, element) {
val title by lazy {
`$`("h2.section-header", 0).text
}
val features by lazy {
`$`("li.kotlin-feature").component(::Feature)
}
}
// And the Kotlin's website index page
class IndexPage(browser: Browser) : Page(browser) {
override val url = "https://kotlinlang.org/"
override val at = at {
title == "Kotlin Programming Language"
}
val featuresSection by lazy {
`$`("section.kotlin-overview-section._features", 0).component(::FeaturesSection)
}
}
Browser.drive(driverFactory) {
// When I visit the Kotlin's website index page
val indexPage = to(::IndexPage)
// Then the header for the features section must be correct
assertEquals(indexPage.featuresSection.title, "Why Kotlin?")
val actualFeatures = indexPage.featuresSection.features.associateBy(
Feature::title, Feature::description
)
// And the features should be correctly described inside said section
assertEquals(actualFeatures, expectedFeatures)
}
factory
- provides an instance of the component, given the page it's linked to and its root element.class Component
.class Component
,
WebElement.component
@NotNull public Browser getBrowser()
the browser used by the page in order to interact with the underlying web content.
@NotNull public JavaScriptExecutor getJs()
Allows the execution of synchronous and asynchronous JavaScript code if such functionality is supported by the underlying driver.
public org.openqa.selenium.WebElement findElement(org.openqa.selenium.By p0)
public java.util.List<org.openqa.selenium.WebElement> findElements(org.openqa.selenium.By p0)
@NotNull public ConfigurationSetup getConfigurationSetup()
The configuration setup used to customized Balin's behavior.
@NotNull public org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver getDriver()
The driver to be used when evaluating isTrue
in waitFor
.
waitFor
public <T> T waitFor(long timeOutInSeconds, long sleepInMillis, @NotNull kotlin.jvm.functions.Function0<? extends org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedCondition<T>> isTrue)
Repeatedly applies the underlying driver to the given function until one of the following occurs:
the function returns neither null nor false
the function throws an unignored exception
the timeout expires
the current thread is interrupted
T
- the function's expected return type.
timeOutInSeconds
- the timeout in seconds when an expectation is called.sleepInMillis
- the duration in milliseconds to sleep between polls.isTrue
- the parameter to pass to the ExpectedCondition.@JvmStatic @NotNull public static kotlin.jvm.functions.Function1<com.github.epadronu.balin.core.Browser,java.lang.Object> at(@NotNull kotlin.jvm.functions.Function1<? super com.github.epadronu.balin.core.Browser,? extends java.lang.Object> block)
This method eases the definition of a page's implicit at verification.
// Given the Kotlin's website index page with content elements
class IndexPage(browser: Browser) : Page(browser) {
override val url = "https://kotlinlang.org/"
override val at = at {
title == "Kotlin Programming Language"
}
val navItems by lazy {
`$`("a.nav-item", 0..2).map { it.text }
}
val tryItBtn by lazy {
`$`(".try-button", 0).text
}
val features by lazy {
`$`("li.kotlin-feature", 3, 2, 1, 0).`$`("h3:nth-child(2)", 0..3).map {
it.text
}
}
}
Browser.drive(driverFactory) {
// When I visit such page and get the content's elements
to(::IndexPage).run {
// Then I should get the navigation items
assertEquals(navItems, listOf("Learn", "Community", "Try Online"))
// And I should get the try-it button
assertEquals(tryItBtn, "Try online")
// And I should get the coolest features
assertEquals(features, listOf("Concise", "Safe", "Interoperable", "Tool-friendly").reversed())
}
}
block
- context within which you can interact with the browser.block
unchanged.


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[gecode-users] Classify the solutions
mehdi m
medistif at hotmail.fr
Mon Sep 29 10:08:31 CEST 2014
Hello, i'm building a model , and the solutions are vectors like this "3 5 9 4 7", i have an constraint that express the sum of the vectors must to be > than an threshold M. My question is can i add an constraint or any parameter to tell to gecode : the solutions returned must be ordered according to a criterion, for example from the smallest to the largest sum. Thank you for your help
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--- layout: post status: publish published: true title: The Nerve of this Franchise author: display_name: Corey Fineran login: Corey email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>url: '' author_login: Corey author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>wordpress_id: 2938 wordpress_url: http://ivyenvy.com/?p=2938 date: '2010-07-01 18:13:09 +0000' date_gmt: '2010-07-01 23:13:09 +0000' categories: - Offense - The Cubs tags: - All-Star Game - Wax Paper Beer Cup comments: - id: 1449 author: Ryan author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>author_url: '' date: '2010-07-04 16:54:25 +0000' date_gmt: '2010-07-04 21:54:25 +0000' content: "70 Ws = 92 Ls\r\n\r\nLook, I can see the Cubs losing 90 games this year.\r\n\r\nNo question about it.\r\n\r\nMeehan" ---
In June, the Cubs went 10-16. Their overall record is 34-45, 11 games under .500 a week and a half before the All-Star break. Wax Paper Beer Cup (via Twitter) pointed out today that they are on track to win fewer than 70 games this season. I could go on and on with everything wrong with this team. But what pops into my e-mail inbox multiple times a day? An e-mail from the Cubs encouraging begging me to vote for these guys to go to the All-Star Game. And why should I vote for position players that are part of a team that ranked 3rd to last in the league for runs scored in June? Yeah, I'll make sure I vote as many times as MLB allows.


--- layout: page title: Community Event Software permalink: resources/event-software ---
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Grow your audience with live video Q&As, interviews, summits, webinars and more.
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Active ingredient (in each fluid ounce)
Permethrin 280 mg (1%)
Warnings
For external use only
Do not use
- on children under 2 months of age
- near the eyes
- inside the nose, ear, mouth, or vagina
- on lice in eyebrows or eyelashes.
See your doctor.
Ask a doctor before use if you are
- allergic to ragweed. May cause breathing difficulty or an asthmatic episode.
When using this product
- keep eyes tightly closed and protect eyes with a washcloth or towel
- if product gets into the eyes, immediately flush with large amounts of water
- scalp itching or redness may occur
Stop use and ask a doctor if
- breathing difficulty occurs
- eye irritation occurs
- skin or scalp irritation continues or infection occurs
If pregnant or breast-feeding, ask a health professional before use.
Keep out of reach of children.
If swallowed, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center right away.
Directions
Important: Read warnings before use:
- Adults and children 2 months old and older
Inspect
- check each household member with a magnifying glass in bright light for lice/nits (eggs)
- look for tiny nits near scalp, beginning at back of neck and behind ears
- examine small sections of hair at a time
- unlike dandruff which moves when touched, nits stick to the hair
- if either lice or nits are found, treat with Nix Creme Rinse
Treat
- wash hair with a shampoo without conditioner. Do not use a shampoo that contains a conditioner or a conditioner alone since this may decrease the activity of Nix. Rinse with water.
- towel dry hair so it is damp but not wet
- shake the bottle of Nix well
- completely saturate the hair and scalp with Nix. Begin to apply Nix behind the ears and at the back of the neck.
- keep Nix out of the eyes. Protect the eyes with a washcloth or towel.
- leave Nix on the hair for 10 minutes, but no longer
- rinse with warm water
- towel dry hair and comb out tangles
- if live lice are seen seven days or more after the first treatment, a second treatment should be given
Remove Lice/Nits
- remove nits by combing the hair with the special small tooth comb provided. Remaining nits may be removed by hand (using a throw-away glove), or cutting the nits out.
- use the nit comb provided and make sure the hair remains slightly damp while removing nits
- if the hair dries during combing, dampen it slightly with water
- part the hair into 4 sections. Work on one section at a time. Longer hair may take more time (1-2 hours).
- start at the top of the head on the section you have picked
- with one hand, lift a 1-2 inch wide strand of hair. Get the teeth of the comb as close to the scalp as possible and comb with a firm, even motion away from the scalp to the end of the hair.
- use clips to pin back each strand of hair after you have combed out the nits
- clean the comb completely as you go. Wipe the nits from the comb with a tissue and throw away the tissue in a sealed plastic bag to prevent the lice from coming back.
- after combing, recheck the entire head for nits and repeat combing if necessary
- check the affected head daily to remove any nits that you might have missed
Other information
- read all the directions in the Consumer Information Insert and warnings before use. Keep the carton. It contains important information.
- store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F)
Inactive ingredients
canada balsam, cetyl alcohol, citric acid anhydrous, FD&C yellow no. 6, fragrance, hydrolyzed animal protein, hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyoxyethylene 10 cetyl ether, propylene glycol, stearalkonium chloride, water, isopropyl alcohol, methylparaben, propylparaben
For external use only. Avoid contact with the eyes.
Keep out of reach of children. If swallowed, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center right away
Directions
- Use after shampooing with lice killing Nix creme rinse. When you finish combing, rinse hair thoroughly with warm water. Nix Combing Gel does not kill lice and nits. Read all the directions in the Consumer Information Insert before use.
Ingredients
purified water, propylene glycol, glycerin, polyquaternium-10, diazolidinylurea, hydroxyethyl cellulose, sodium citrate dihydrate, citric acid, methylparaben, propylparaben, disodium EDTA
Distributed by Insight Pharmaceuticals Corp. 900 Northbrook Drive, Suite 200 Trevose, PA 19053-8433
Nix®
PERMETHRIN
Lice Treatment Creme Rinse
THE
FACTS
OF LICE
Please read all information before using Nix® Creme Rinse.
If you or a member of your household has head lice, don't panic. Keep calm.
Anyone can get head lice - it has nothing to do with cleanliness or poor hygiene. Head lice are treatable and very rarely cause serious health problems.
What are head lice?
- head lice are small insects that live and feed on the human scalp
- they may get as big as sesame seeds and are brown
- lice do not fly or jump from one person to another. They can only crawl.
What are nits?
- nits are lice eggs laid on the hair near the scalp. One louse may lay over 100 nits.
- nits are oval shaped, tiny and greyish-white
- they are attached to hair with a waterproof glue-like substance that cannot be washed out or blown away
Because nits (eggs) hatch in about one week, all nits must be removed to stop lice.
How do head lice spread?
- head lice spread easily from close head-to-head or hand-to-head contact with persons who have lice
- they may also spread by sharing hats, helmets, scarves, headphones, brushes, combs, bedding and clothing
How do you know if you have lice?
- itching is the most common symptom
- scratching behind the ears or the back of the neck is a sign that you should check for head lice
- scabs or blood spots may be seen
How do you prevent the spread of lice?
- do not share or borrow personal items like combs, brushes, or headbands
- do not share or borrow hats, sweaters, coats, scarves, helmets, headphones, pillows or stuffed animals
- store hats in coat sleeves and hang coats separately, so that they do not touch other people's hats and coats
- wash under fingernails when you first see lice or nits (eggs)
- check your child's head daily when you hear of a lice outbreak in day care or school
How to use NIX® Creme Rinse?
Inspect
If you suspect head lice - check. Head lice may be hard to locate because they avoid light. Nits are easier to see.
|
- check each household member with a magnifying glass in bright light for lice/nits (eggs)
- look for tiny nits near scalp, beginning at back of neck and behind ears
- examine small sections of hair at a time
- unlike dandruff which moves when touched, nits stick to the hair
- if either lice or nits are found, treat with Nix Creme Rinse
|
Treat
- wash hair with a shampoo without conditioner. Do not use a shampoo that contains a conditioner or a conditioner alone since this may decrease the activity of Nix®. Rinse with water.
- towel dry hair so it is damp but not wet
- shake the bottle of Nix® well
|
|
- completely saturate the hair and scalp with Nix®. Begin to apply Nix® behind the ears and at the back of the neck.
- keep Nix® out of the eyes. Protect the eyes with a washcloth or towel.
- leave Nix® on the hair for 10 minutes, but no longer
- rinse with warm water
|
- towel dry hair and comb out tangles
- if live lice are seen seven days or more after the first treatment, a second treatment should be given
Remove Lice/Nits Treatment kills lice but does not remove the nits.
- remove nits by combing the hair with the premium comb provided. Remaining nits may be removed by hand (using a throw- away glove), or cutting the nits out.
|
|
- use the nit comb provided and make sure the hair remains slightly damp while removing nits
- if the hair dries during combing, dampen it slightly with water
- part the hair into 4 sections. Work on one section at a time. Longer hair may take more time (1-2 hours).
- start at the top of the head on the section you have picked
- with one hand, lift a 1-2 inch wide strand of hair. Get the teeth of the comb as close to the scalp as possible and comb with a firm, even motion away from the scalp to the end of the hair.
- use clips to pin back each strand of hair after you have combed out the nits
- clean the comb completely as you go. Wipe the nits from the comb with a tissue and throw away the tissue in a sealed plastic bag to prevent the lice from coming back.
|
- after combing, recheck the entire head for nits and repeat combing if necessary
- check the affected head daily to remove any nits that you might have missed
Clean home and personal items
After using Nix® Creme Rinse, it is very important to clean personal items and your home to prevent the spread of lice. Nits may live away from the human head for about 7-12 days. Lice may live away from the human head for about 1 day.
|
|
- all personal head gear (hats, hair ribbons, etc.), scarves, coats, towels and bed linens should be washed in hot water (above 130°F), then dried in the dryer using the hottest cycle for at least 20 minutes
- personal combs, including nit combs, and brushes should be soaked in hot water (above 130°F) for at least 10 minutes
|
- personal articles such as clothing, bedspreads, blankets, pillows or stuffed animals that cannot be washed should be dry-cleaned or sealed tightly in a plastic bag for a period of at least 4 weeks. Items should be taken out of the plastic bag outdoors and shaken out very hard before using again.
- for anything you cannot wash, dry-clean or store in a plastic bag, use a lice control spray.
- vacuum everywhere. Vacuum all carpets, mattresses, upholstered furniture and car seats that may have been used by infested household members.
|
|
Warnings
For external use only
Do not use
- on children under 2 months of age
- near the eyes
- inside the nose, ear, mouth, or vagina
- on lice in eyebrows or eyelashes. See your doctor.
Ask a doctor before use if you are
- allergic to ragweed. May cause breathing difficulty or an asthmatic episode.
When using this product
- keep eyes tightly closed and protect eyes with a washcloth or towel
- if product gets into the eyes, immediately flush with large amounts of water
- scalp itching or redness may occur
Stop use and see a doctor if
- breathing difficulty occurs
- eye irritation occurs
- skin or scalp irritation continues or infection occurs
If pregnant or breast-feeding, ask a health professional before use.
Keep out of reach of children. If swallowed, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center right away.
Questions or comments?
call 1-888-LICE LINE (1-888-542-3546),
Monday to Friday, 9 AM - 5 PM EST
www.nixlice.com
Distributed by:
INSIGHT Pharmaceuticals, LLC.
Trevose, PA 19053-8433
61-16-360B
© 2013
PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - Kit Carton
Nix®
PERMETHRIN
Have questions?
Call our expert hotline
888.542.3546
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TestScreen for Spaceify Connectivity Framework
Please open the browser console to see what is happening!
Message from the controller:


I'm a MSc. in Applied Computing student at University of Toronto, St. George Campus.
An aspiring student willing to acquire more knowledge in Information Technology, and Science.
Career Interest:
Machine Learning / Deep Learning/ Data Science / Software Development
Hang out with friends and family
Read some books and stuff
Code, code anything
Drink much hot chocolate
FIFA with friends
Soccer for life
Feel free to drop me a message here about anything or just to say hello!


Prep’s Alumni Association will be led by a hybrid leadership team of elected and Board-nominated alums. It is our hope that the establishment of this Alumni Association will provide a vehicle for greater engagement of alumni with both Prep and one another for decades to come. For more information, visit www.prepforprep.org/alumniassociation.
Log in to cast your anonymous, secure vote.


--- status: publish layout: page title: Utah Automated Geographic Reference Center (AGRC) author: display_name: Bert Granberg email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>tags: [] categories: [] published: true date: 2011-07-06 19:50:58 -0600 ---
The mission of AGRC is:
to encourage and facilitate the effective use of geospatial information and technology for Utah.
The Utah Automated Geographic Reference Center (AGRC) provides a wide range of Geographic Information System (GIS) and other geospatial support services. AGRC strives to ensure a high level of coordination among Utah GIS users and effective, efficient use of GIS resources.
Other services include stewardship of the State Geographic Information Database (SGID), facilitation of programs and activities to implement GIS technology across the state, and coordination of GIS policy development and implementation activities.
AGRC also provides consulting services to federal, state, and local government and other organizations, including GIS analysis and application development, GIS training courses, and map and web service development and hosting.


Selby Webb
Logout
SuccessField
Companies
Overview
Products
Influencers
Overview
Earnings
Referrals
Settings
Influencer
Earnings
Overview
Products
Products
Referrals
Pending requests
Back to overview
Referrals
Total Referrals
4
Total sales
CHF 3,047.56
Nr.
Registered on
Shopped units
Generated sales
1
24. September 2016
171
CHF 50
2
24. September 2016
171
CHF 126
3
24. September 2016
171
CHF 9
4
24. September 2016
171
CHF 1,635
×
Total sales
CHF 3,300.00
Product
Sales type
Profit
Bellevue CO 2013-2001
Direct Referral
CHF 63.37
Mammut Formel 90
Indirect Referral
CHF 63.371
Oyster Perpetual
Loyal Referrer
CHF 63.37


Avoid Eye Strain.
Your eyes may feel tired or irritated after focusing intensely on activity like viewing a computer screen, reading a book, or driving a car for a long period of time. This is known as eyestrain.Eyestrain is a common condition. It’s becoming even more frequent in this digital age. Eyestrain caused by the use of digital devices like computers, smartphones, and tablets is better known as computer vision syndrome or digital eyestrain.
It’s becoming even more frequent in this digital age. Eyestrain caused by the use of digital devices like computers, smartphones, and tablets is better known as computer vision syndrome or digital eyestrain. Light should come from behind you if you’re focusing intensely on something like reading. Dimming the lights may help reduce eyestrain when watching TV.


Smart Vagabond – City Guides
City Guides
Search
My trip
Select country
— USA is default, or choose your country —
Enter the city you want to visit
Please enter the name of a city
Enter your travel date
Please enter a date
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Favorite Band?
Goblin
Favorite Color?
Green
Favorite Movie?
Labrynth
(starring David Bowie
as "The Goblin King")
Favorite Food?
...Salad
Favorite sports team?
Harrison Ford High School Goblins
Favorite Marvel Villain?
The Green Goblin
Favorite Shoe?
The one that hasn’t been nibbled on
Favorite Monster in Dungeons in Dragons?
Tarresque


{% extends "drawquest/dqbase.html" %} {% block extra_css %} {% endblock %} {% block body %}
Strong, deep classic colors to complement the default hues.
The colors of winter.
Cute, sweet colors.
Various fleshtones for drawing people.
The from twilight to daylight
Shades of blue
Shades of black with starlight yellow


{{brand.name}}
{{{snippet 'brand'}}} {{> components/brand/sidebar}} {{#if brand.image}}{{lang 'brands.no_products'}}
{{/if}}--- products: new: limit: {{theme_settings.homepage_new_products_count}} featured: limit: {{theme_settings.homepage_featured_products_count}} top_sellers: limit: {{theme_settings.homepage_top_products_count}} carousel: {{theme_settings.homepage_show_carousel}} brand: products: limit: {{theme_settings.brandpage_products_per_page}} --- {{inject "brandProductsPerPage" theme_settings.brandpage_products_per_page}} {{#partial "head"}} {{#if pagination.brand.previous}} {{/if}} {{#if pagination.brand.next}} {{/if}} {{/partial}} {{#partial "page"}}
{{lang 'brands.no_products'}}
{{/if}}


Text Size
Unstyled text sizes on a modular scale.
text-size-[number]

Design Made Simple

Create a container for your text such as a

tag or

tag, and apply a text-size-[number]
class such as text-size-1
(smallest size) or text-size-15
(largest size). text-size-reset
will set the font-size to 'initial'.
You may see legacy classes that begin with text-size-[number] such as text-size-15
. These have been temporarily deprecated, but in the future may be used by mixins or feature opinionated styles for tracking, leading, etc.
text-size-[number]-screen-[size]
text-size-[number]-screen-extra-small
text-size-[number]-screen-extra-small
text-size-[number]-screen-small
text-size-[number]-screen-medium
text-size-[number]-screen-large
text-size-[number]-screen-extra-large
Text size utilities adapt the size of your text to specific media query states. These range from extra-small to extra-large such as the text-size-[number]-screen-extra-small
class (smallest screen size) to text-size-[number]-screen-extra-large
(largest screen size). Use text-size-reset-screen-[size]
to set the font-size to 'initial' such as text-size-reset-screen-medium
. Default media query states can be adjusted in _evo_variables.scss

Example Responsive Text

Add a transition class such as evo-transition
to smooth out the transition from one size to another. Resize your browser window to see this in action.


Divisions
- Biological
- Chemical
- Physical
- Dynamical
Graphy, not Logy!
James Rennel
Physical Oceanography
Density Map ca. 1900
Dynamics!
- Temperature
- Salinity
- Currents(?)
Geostrophy to Thermal Winds to Currents
Steady State, Dynamical Ocean
Lagrangian to Eulerian
Wüst 1964
Ocean "Weather"
GFDL, Model Output


How to add a role group to a Security Role using the Security Roles module. Role Groups enable you to group multiple roles together, making them easier to manage. E.g. The Role Group called Staff could have the following Security Roles associated with it: All Staff, Telemarketing, Marketing, Sales, Information Technology, etc. Roles can be filtered by Role Group, which is useful on sites with a large number of roles. Once a role group has been added, one or more security roles can be added to the role group.


We're grateful to our partners who make Maha possible. To join this mix and support the party that makes Omaha proud, contact us at sponsor@mahamusicfestival.com.


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| Uses of ZeprsTest in org.zeprs.unittest.display |
|---|
| Subclasses of ZeprsTest in org.zeprs.unittest.display | |
|---|---|
class |
WidgetUtilsTest
|
| Uses of ZeprsTest in org.zeprs.unittest.dwr |
|---|
| Subclasses of ZeprsTest in org.zeprs.unittest.dwr | |
|---|---|
class |
EncounterRemoteTest
|
| Uses of ZeprsTest in org.zeprs.unittest.logic |
|---|
| Subclasses of ZeprsTest in org.zeprs.unittest.logic | |
|---|---|
class |
EncounterManagerTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
RuleTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
| Uses of ZeprsTest in org.zeprs.unittest.persistence |
|---|
| Subclasses of ZeprsTest in org.zeprs.unittest.persistence | |
|---|---|
class |
ClientSettingsTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
CommentsListTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
DistrictTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
DrugRegimenTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
DrugsTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
DynaSiteObjectsTest
|
class |
EncounterListTest
Fetch list of encounters |
class |
EncounterProblemTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
EncounterValueArchiveTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
FieldEnumerationTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
FlowTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
FormFieldTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
FormGraphTest
Tests the Form object graph to ensure proper mapping. |
class |
FormTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
FormTypeTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
ImmunizationTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
LiveReportFieldTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
LiveReportTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
OutcomeTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
PageItemTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
PatientTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
ProblemListTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
ProblemTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
RuleDefinitionTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
SaveEncounterTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
SimpleSaveTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
SiteTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
StaffTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
| Uses of ZeprsTest in org.zeprs.unittest.persistence.partograph |
|---|
| Subclasses of ZeprsTest in org.zeprs.unittest.persistence.partograph | |
|---|---|
class |
BloodPressureTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
CervixTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
ContractionsTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
DescentTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
DrugsDispensedTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
FetalHeartRateTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
LiquorTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
MouldingTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
OxytocinTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
PulseTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
RespirationTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
TemperatureTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
UrinalysisAcetoneTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
UrinalysisGlucoseTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
UrinalysisProteinTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
UrineAmountTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
class |
VaginalExamPartoTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
| Uses of ZeprsTest in org.zeprs.unittest.torque |
|---|
| Subclasses of ZeprsTest in org.zeprs.unittest.torque | |
|---|---|
class |
TorqueBehaviorTest
Created by IntelliJ IDEA. |
| Uses of ZeprsTest in org.zeprs.unittest.xml.output |
|---|
| Subclasses of ZeprsTest in org.zeprs.unittest.xml.output | |
|---|---|
class |
XmlUtilsTest
|
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The debugger allows the user to store some private information in the
backtrace. It allocates a Prolog variable in each break
level and in each invocation. The breakpoint test
private(
Priv)
unifies Priv with the private
information associated with the break level, while the test
goal_private(
GPriv)
unifies GPriv with the
Prolog variable stored in the invocation.
Both variables are initially unbound, and behave as if they were passed around the program being debugged in additional arguments. This implies that any variable assignments done within these variables are undone on backtracking.
In practice, the private
condition gives you access to a Prolog
variable shared by all invocations of a break level. This makes it
possible to remember a term and look at it later, in a possibly
more instantiated form, as shown by the following example.
memory(Term) :- execution_state(private(P)), memberchk(myterm(Term), P). | ?- trace, append([1,2,3,4], [5,6], L). 1 1 Call: append([1,2,3,4],[5,6],_514) ? @ | :- append(_,_,L)^memory(L). 1 1 Call: append([1,2,3,4],[5,6],_514) ? c 2 2 Call: append([2,3,4],[5,6],_2064) ? c 3 3 Call: append([3,4],[5,6],_2422) ? c 4 4 Call: append([4],[5,6],_2780) ? @ | :- memory(L), write(L), nl. [1,2,3|_2780] 4 4 Call: append([4],[5,6],_2780) ?
The predicate memory/1
receives the term to be
remembered in its argument. It gets hold of the private field
associated with the break level in variable P
, and calls
memberchk/2
(see lib-lists), with the term to be
remembered, wrapped in myterm
, as the list element, and the
private field, as the list. Thus the latter, initially unbound
variable, is used as an open-ended list. For example, when
memory/1
is called for the first time, the private field gets
instantiated to [myterm(Term)|_]
. If later you call
memory/1
with an uninstantiated argument, it will
retrieve the term remembered earlier and unify it with the
argument.
The above trace excerpt shows how this utility predicate can be
used to remember an interesting Prolog term. Within invocation
number 1 we call memory/1
with the third, output argument
of append/3
, using the `@' command (see Debug Commands). A few tracing steps later, we retrieve the term
remembered and print it, showing its current instantiation. Being
able to access the instantiation status of some terms of interest
can be very useful in debugging. In library(debugger_examples)
we
describe new debugger commands for naming Prolog variables and
providing name-based access to these variables, based on the above
technique.
We could have avoided the use of memberchk/2
in the example by
simply storing the term to be remembered in the private field
itself (memory(Term) :- execution_state(private(Term)).
). But
this would have made the private field unusable for other purposes. For
example, the finite domain constraint debugger (see lib-fdbg) would stop
working, as it relies on the private fields.
There is only a single private variable of both kinds within the given
scope. Therefore the convention of using an open ended list for storing
information in private fields, as shown in the above example, is very
much recommended. The different users of the private field are
distinguished by the wrapper they use (e.g. myterm/1
above,
fdbg/1
for the constraint debugger, etc.). Future SICStus Prolog
releases may enforce this convention by providing appropriate
breakpoint tests.
We now present an example of using the goal private field. Earlier we have shown a spypoint definition that made a predicate invisible in the sense that its ports are silently passed through and it is automatically skipped over. However, with that earlier solution, execution always continues in trace mode after skipping. We now improve the spypoint definition: the mode in which the Call port was reached is remembered in the goal private field, and the mode action variable is reset to this value at the Exit port.
mode_memory(Mode) :- execution_state(goal_private(GP)), memberchk(mymode(Mode), GP). | ?- spy(foo/2, -[silent,proceed, true(mode_memory(MM)), ( call -> get(mode(MM)), inv(Inv), skip(Inv) ; exit -> mode(MM) ; true )]).
Here, we first define an auxiliary predicate mode_memory/1
,
which uses the open list convention for storing information in the
goal private field, applying the mymode/1
wrapper. We then
create a spypoint for foo/2
, whose action part first sets
the print
and command
action variables. Next, the
mode_memory/1
predicate is called, unifying the mode
memory with the MM
variable. We then branch in the action
part: at Call ports the uninstantiated MM
is
unified with the current mode, and a skip
command is
issued. At Exit ports MM
holds the mode saved at the Call
port, so the mode(MM)
action re-activates this mode. At all
other ports we just silently proceed without changing the debugger
mode.


|
KratosMultiphysics
KRATOS Multiphysics (Kratos) is a framework for building parallel, multi-disciplinary simulation software, aiming at modularity, extensibility, and high performance. Kratos is written in C++, and counts with an extensive Python interface.
|
Kratos Multiphysics uses several components of the Trilinos project for its MPI capabilities. The most relevant of these are the distributed-memory matrix and vector classes from the Epetra module and the linear solvers provided by the AztecOO, Amesos and ML packages. In addition, it also contains the MPI version of the AMGCL solver.
TrilinosLinearSolver
AztecSolver
AmesosSolver
Amesos2Solver
MultiLevelSolver
AMGCL Mpi-based Solver
The Trilinos application also provides MPI versions of most of the core classes of Kratos, adapted to work with Epetra distributed matrices where necessary. Hence it provide its own version of the following Kratos classes:
TrilinosResidualBasedBuilderAndSolver
TrilinosEliminationBuilderAndSolver
TrilinosBlockBuilderAndSolver
TrilinosBlockBuilderAndSolverPeriodic
TrilinosDisplacementCriteria
TrilinosResidualCriteria
TrilinosAndCriteria
TrilinosOrCriteria
TrilinosMixedGenericCriteria
TrilinosSolvingStrategy
TrilinosLinearStrategy
TrilinosNewtonRaphsonStrategy
For more information about these please refer to their serial version (without Trilinos prefix) in the main Kratos documentation.
Building the TrilinosApplication
requires the Trilinos libraries and their dependencies already installed on the system.
The easiest way to get them is by the package manager of the GNU/Linux distribution. For example, in Ubuntu GNU/Linux:
However, there may be situations where downloading the packages may not be possible.
In this case, other (potentially trickier) option is to download the source code and build the libraries. For more detailed and updated instructions for compiling Trilinos and other necessary packages, refer to Compiling Kratos with MPI support, in the wiki.
Assuming that the dependencies are installed, the following steps are:
TrilinosApplication
to the list of applications to be compiled in the building script for Kratos, as described in the install instructions.TRILINOS_ROOT
variable to the build directory. For example:Or, if Trilinos is installed with a package manager, then libraries and headers may be in different locations. Moreover, the name of the libraries may not be standard. In this case, instead of setting TRILINOS_ROOT
, set -DTRILINOS_INCLUDE_DIR=String
with the path to the include dir, -DTRILINOS_LIBRARY_DIR=String
with the path to the library dir, and set -DTRILINOS_LIBRARY_PREFIX=String
with the prefix to use when looking for the Trilinos libraries, i.e.,
For example, in the case of Ubuntu with Trilinos installed by sudo apt install trilinos-all-dev
:
Notes:
-*Trilinos* is a large project and not all of its packages are being used in Kratos. Check the docker of the CI to see which packages are necessary in order to compile the TrilinosApplication.
At the moment, the list of required packages is:
-It is possible to do a minimal installation of the TrilinosApplication only using the Epetra package. Other packages can be disabled with the following flags:
Spack is a multi-platform package manager that builds and installs multiple versions and configurations of software. It works on GNU/Linux, macOS, and many supercomputers. Spack is non-destructive: installing a new version of a package does not break existing installations, so many configurations of the same package can coexist.
To install Spack you just need to run the following command:
To use it you will need to add the corresponding environment variables (or call spack_location/spack/bin/spack
):
Then in order to install Trilinos:
In case we want to use MUMPS and SuperLUDist with Trilinos, you can install them all together and properly liked with:
If you want that the libraries are added automatically to LD_LIBRARY_PATH
to run the following commands before loading the modules:
Now you just need to load Trilinos:
or (if installed):
Once to compile TrilinosApplication
just remember to add the application to the configure
bash script:


'The Godfather Part III' (1990)
A retrospective movie review by Walter Frith
Member of the 'Internet Movie Critics Association' http://www.geocities.com/Hollywood/Studio/5713/index.html
and
Member of the 'Online Film Critics Society' http://smart.sbay.com/ofcs/
Francis Ford Coppola knew that if a third installment in his 'Godfather' series was going to be made, he would have to offer audiences and critics alike a new perspective. His story of power within an organized crime family had propelled 'The Godfather' (1972) and 'The Godfather Part II' (1974) to the top of many "all time greatest films" lists. Those who expected 'The Godfather Part III' to be as good as those films were, frankly, fools. Coppola's intention in the third film was clearly aimed at offering a story of redemption. Sixteen years had passed and 1990 brought a whole new decade of film making that so far by 1998, would look a great deal better than the 80's.
Returning for the third time would be Al Pacino, referred to by Coppola as America's greatest actor. Pacino would reprise his role of Michael Corleone, a man who destroyed his life by bowing to the trappings of wealth through ill gotten means which he inherited from his father. Michael, as a more ruthless ruler and killer than his father had been, is now looking to redeem his immortal soul by going straight. All illegitimate investments made by the Corleone family have now been sold off and their money has been invested into real estate.
As part two left off, it was 1959. As "The Godfather Part III' opens, we see the decaying former Corleone estate in Lake Tahoe, Nevada. It is now deserted. Michael begins narrating a letter he is writing to his children, asking them to come to a religious ceremony where he will receive a special award by his church for his charitable contributions. As the letter is being narrated, the film shifts to a shot of New York City. It is 1979. In the church, as Michael is receiving his honour, he has a flashback to the murder of his brother, Fredo. A murder which Michael engineered and gave the go ahead to. As fans of the series know, Fredo betrayed Michael, which led to this ghastly fate. As Michael grew older, he regretted this action and had been haunted by it ever since. Fredo's murder and Michael as the perpetrator of it, would be the central theme of the film and the most admirable thing about 'The Godfather III' is the under lying Shakespearean overtones express. Not just in the last scenario I described, but throughout the film as many tragedies are showcased.
Also returning for a third time would be Diane Keaton as Michael's former wife Kay and Talia Shire as Michael's loyal sister Connie. Some other minor characters reprise their roles and it's fun to watch for them and say "I remember that guy. Is he still around?"
A vibrant new character named Vincent Mancini (Andy Garcia) would be introduced to audiences as Michael's illegitimate nephew. Vincent is the son of Michael's brother Sonny, portrayed by James Caan in the first film and seen in a cameo in the second. Garcia would be the only cast member nominated for an Oscar. He was nominated for Best Supporting Actor and the Academy's failure to nominate Pacino as Best Actor was a travesty as Pacino brought a fresh angle to his character with total believability. Pacino got nominated for as Oscar the same year he made 'The Godfather Part III'. He was nominated as Best Supporting Actor (against Garcia) for 'Dick Tracy' as he played an over the top villain under heavy make-up.
Michael takes Vincent under his wing and shares his experiences in what is now the legitimate family business. Vincent's desire for a life of crime is driven by his greater desire to destroy a vile and under handed thug named Joey Zaza, played very well by Joe Mantegna. Zaza controls all the things the Corleone family used to be involved in. Drugs, gambling, prostitution and other vices are Zaza's specialty and he aims to kill Michael later in the film with help from some powerful forces who are also out to swindle and destroy Michael. Michael is drawn back in to a life of crime by sheer destiny. A destiny set in motion when Michael was a young man, not thinking that once you're in, it's for life.
Pivotal to the film's outcome is the character of Mary Corleone, Michael's daughter. As portrayed by Sofia Coppola (Francis' daughter), the character is nearly ruined. Her acting is just downright bad and if her part had been any bigger, the film would have failed miserably. Coppola had to replace Winona Ryder who had started in the role of Mary but had to withdraw after suffering from exhaustion by coming directly off a couple of other films she worked on. Julia Roberts and Madonna had also been considered at one point for the role of Mary. Michael's other grown-up offspring, Anthony (Franc D'Ambrosio) is a complete throw away as his character is never examined or given any real focus.
Other notable actors in the film are George Hamilton as Michael's attorney and Eli Wallach as an old friend of the Corleone's who double crosses Michael for his own selfish gains. Robert Duvall, who played Tom Hagen, Michael's step brother and family attorney in the first two films, didn't appear in part three, reportedly because they wouldn't pay him enough.
Technically, the film moves well. Gordon Willis' 'prince of darkness' photography has an uncanny depth of focus and sizzles with many darkened indoor scenes and one scene involving a helicopter attack upon a group of crime bosses through the skylight of a hotel banquet room, is brilliantly photographed.
'The Godfather Part III' is an overall excellent film that offers a new story while it combines memories of the past through its reoccurring characters and Andy Garcia's performance of what Michael was in the second film. Part three was nominated for seven Oscars including Best Picture and Best Director for Francis Ford Coppola. Coppola wrote the script with Mario Puzo and they failed to receive an Oscar nomination for their writing this time around. The two of them won Oscars for their screenplays of the first two films. There is no need or desire on my part for a fourth film. Coppola didn't get lucky by having his third film accepted by critics, audiences and his peers. He constructed the film sharply and didn't repeat himself. He re-invented himself.
Visit FILM FOLLOW-UP by Walter Frith http://home.netinc.ca/~wfrith/movies.htm
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rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
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I want someone to mow my lawn
Pay: $15/h
Where: My House
When: Anytime over the weekend
You can contact me through email at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Requirements: Not much, just be able to use a lawn mower
Name: Karen
Age: 43
Relationship status: Single


×
Save Integration Flow Configuration
Location
Config Name
Integration Server Tooling
New
(current)
Save
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Configuration saving Failed!!


--- layout: post title: Nice piece from Joel on date: 2004-12-17 00:00:00 category: business ---
Nice piece from Joel on the economics of selling software: "The answer is really complicated. I'm going to start with a little economic theory, then I'm going to tear the theory to bits, and when I'm finished, you'll know a lot more about pricing and you still won't know how much to charge for your software, but that's just the nature of pricing. "


This sample shows how to work with the following Microsoft Graph APIs:
| Graph Endpoint | Documentation Link |
|---|---|
| /me | Get a user |
| /me/photo | Get photo |
| /me/drive/root/children/{filename}/content | Upload a DriveItem |
| /me/drive/items/{itemId}/createLink | Create sharing link |
| /me/microsoft.graph.sendMail | Send mail |


The Shadow Rising
Maps:
Tanchico
Seeds of Shadow
Whirlpools in the Pattern
Reflection
Strings
Questioners
Doorways
Playing With Fire
Hard Heads
Decisions
The Stone Stands
What Lies Hidden
Tanchico or the Tower
Rumors
Customs of Mayene
Into the Doorway
Leavetakings
Deceptions
Into the Ways
The
Wavedancer
Winds Rising
Into the Heart
Out of the Stone
Beyond the Stone
Rhuidean
The Road to the Spear
The Dedicated
Within the Ways
To the Tower of Ghenjei
Homecoming
Beyond the Oak
Assurances
Questions to Be Asked
A New Weave in the Pattern
He Who Comes With the Dawn
Sharp Lessons
Misdirections
Imre Stand
Hidden Faces
A Cup of Wine
Hunter of Trollocs
Among the Tuatha’an
A Missing Leaf
Care for the Living
The Breaking Storm
The Tinker’s Sword
Veils
The Truth of a Viewing
An Offer Refused
Cold Rocks Hold
Traps
Revelations in Tanchico
Need
The Price of a Departure
Into the Palace
Into the Deep
Goldeneyes
A Breaking in the Three-fold Land
The Traps of Rhuidean
Glossary
Book 4 of
The Wheel of Time
Robert Jordan
Index of Books
|
Next—Book Five:
The Fires of Heaven


MY RESORTS
This is Resort which has a private pool, 3bedrooms, steaming room, massage/spa and taxi.
This is Resort which has a private pool, 2bedrooms, steaming room, massage/spa and taxi.
This is Resort which has a private pool, penthouse, steaming room, massage/spa and private car.
This is Resort has a private beach, 3bedrooms, steaming room, massage/spa and taxi.
This is Resort has a private beach, 2bedrooms, steaming room, massage/spa and helicopter.
This is Resort has a private beach, penthouse, steaming room, massage/spa and helicopter.


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This referral does not require charity care.
Indications: Please refer to EHHOP gyn if your patient has an abnormal pap smear, needs an endometrial biopsy, IUD placement, Contraception/Family Planning or pessary placement.
Routine pap smears and STI screenings can be done at the main clinic.
Cost to EHHOP Patient:Free.
Cost to Society: Outpatient Gynecology appointments cost ~$300 per appointment for patients without insurance.
Six patients can be seen each month. The average wait time is 1-2 months.
1176 5th Avenue, between 98th and 99th street.
The building is called Klingenstein Pavilion. It has a blue and pink awning. Once you walk in, just take the elevator down 1 floor to E level.


Assignment 2 Web Page
Visit my home page:
www.edparrish.com
Tell Me Something About Youself!
Question
Answer
Your name?
Your sex?
Male
Female
Comments


Jordan government resigns ahead of a reshuffle, reports state media
AMMAN, Nov 5 — Jordan's cabinet yesterday resigned ahead of a government reshuffle expected in the next few days, the state news agency said.
Officials say the reshuffle will solidify Prime Minister Omar al-Razzaz’s mandate to accelerate economic reforms, seen as crucial to spur growth in the debt-ridden country.
Razzaz was quoted by Petra state news agency as saying the move was needed “to face up to the challenges of the coming period.”
It was not clear how extensive the reshuffle would be but an official said it would not affect key portfolios, but focus on merging some ministries to cut waste and curb expenditure.
Under an IMF austerity plan, Jordan must rein in spending to cut spiralling debt that stands at around $40 billion, equivalent to around 95 percent of gross domestic product.
Several government moves in recent months to raise the salaries of teachers and army retirees, while government revenues are falling, has further strained state coffers.
King Abdullah appointed Razzaz in the summer of 2018 to defuse the biggest protests in years over tax hikes pushed by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to reduce Jordan’s large public debt.
Razzaz has sought to revive confidence in a country where many blame successive governments for failing to deliver on pledges to revive growth, which is stuck at around 2 per cent, cut waste and curb corruption.
Jordan’s economy has also been hit by regional conflict, which has weighed on investor sentiment. — Reuters


Before Change
self._observation_shape = observation_shape
self._action_shape = action_shape
fields = {
"observations": {
"shape": self._observation_shape,
"dtype": "float32"
},
// It"s a bit memory inefficient to save the observations twice,
// but it makes the code *much* easier since you no longer have
// to worry about termination conditions.
"next_observations": {
"shape": self._observation_shape,
"dtype": "float32"
},
"actions": {
"shape": self._action_shape,
"dtype": "float32"
},
"rewards": {
"shape": [],
"dtype": "float32"
},
// self.terminals[i] = a terminal was received at time i
"terminals": {
"shape": [],
"dtype": "bool"
},
}
super(SimpleReplayPool, self).__init__(*args, fields=fields, **kwargs)
def terminate_episode(self):
After Change
// to worry about termination conditions.
observation_fields.update({
"next_" + key: value
for key, value in observation_fields.items()
})
fields = {
**observation_fields,


US 'cuts short' meeting with South Korea on military costs
The US is seeking $5 billion a year to ensure the presence of US military in South Korea, a sum which President Donald Trump has repeatedly demanded.
South Korea's defence ministry said today that talks on settling the cost of hosting US military in the country had broken off even as US negotiator James DeHart said Washington had "cut short" the meeting to give Seoul "some time to reconsider".
"Our position is that it should be within the mutually acceptable Special Measures Agreement (SMA) framework that has been agreed upon by South Korea and the US for the past 28 years," South Korea's foreign ministry said.
"The US believes that the share of defence spending should be increased significantly by creating a new category," the ministry added.
The US is seeking $5 billion a year to ensure the presence of American military in South Korea, a sum which President Donald Trump has repeatedly demanded.
"Unfortunately, the proposals that were put forward by the Korean team were not responsive to our request for fair and equitable burden-sharing," US negotiator DeHart told reporters.
South Korea's foreign ministry said it would work to keep contributions to a "reasonable" level and "within the range that is mutually acceptable".
US Defense Secretary Mark Esper had said earlier that South Korea is "a wealthy country and could and should pay more to offset the cost of defence".
Jeong Eun-bo, the South's chief negotiator said the "US side walked out first" even as DeHart said officials had "cut short" the meeting in order to allow South Korean officials more time.
The US-South Korean dispute comes as the two countries decided not to hold military exercises this month in a bid to allow North Korea to resume talks on denuclearisation which has been deadlocked for months.


class: center, middle, inverse, title-slide # 4.1 — Legal Theory of Tort Liability ## ECON 315 • Economics of the Law • Spring 2021 ### Ryan Safner
Assistant Professor of Economics
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>ryansafner/lawS21
lawS21.classes.ryansafner.com
--- class: inverse # Outline ### [A Recap of Our Approach So Far](#3) ### [Harm](#) ### [Causation](#) ### [Breach of Duty](#) --- class: inverse, center, middle # A Recap of Our Approach So Far --- # Recap of Our Approach So Far .pull-left[ .smaller[ - .hi[Efficiency] - maximize total surplus to all individuals - scarce resources owned by whoever **values them the most** - make changes if social benefit `\(>\)` social cost - Design legal system that obtains .hi-purple[efficient outcomes] - Once the rules are set, people only act in own self-interest, without regard for efficiency - So the goal is to .hi-purple[set up the rules so that people acting in their interest will naturally lead to efficient outcomes] ] ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/incentive2.jpg) ] ] --- # Recap of Our Approach So Far .pull-left[ - .hi-purple[Coase]'s insights give us a way to accomplish this: > If .hi-purple[transaction costs are low], with .hi-purple[well-defined] and .hi-purple[tradeable property rights], parties can bargain voluntarily to reach the efficient outcome. - So the initial allocation of rights doesn't matter for efficiency - **But** if transaction costs are high, we may not get the efficient outcome ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/Settlement-handshake.jpg) ] ] --- # Recap of Our Approach So Far .pull-left[ - Led us to two .hi-purple[normative] guidelines for designing an efficient legal system: 1. Minimize transaction costs to facilitate exchange 2. Allocate rights as efficiently as possible - Tradeoff between .hi-purple[injunctive relief] and .hi-purple[damages] ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/Settlement-handshake.jpg) ] ] --- # Recap of Our Approach So Far .pull-left[ .smallest[ - Law of .hi[property] works well for **spot** transactions - Law of .hi[contracts] allow for more complicated **non-simultaneous** trade - enables cooperation and credible promises - encourages efficient disclosure of information - secures efficient commitment to performance - secures efficient reliance - supplies efficient default rules and regulations - fosters enduring relationships ] ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/contract1.jpg) ] ] --- # Recap of Our Approach So Far .pull-left[ .smallest[ - So far, we have only examined .hi-turquoise[voluntary exchange] and mutual consent - Parties reach an agreement *in advance* of transaction (though circumstances might change after the agreement) - Up next: .hi-turquoise[“involuntary exchange”] - Parties who did *not* have an agreement before their (unfortunate) interaction - .hi-green[Example]: you are bicycling to class, I am texting while driving, and I hit you... - You did not want to deal with me, I did not want to deal with you, but here we are... ] ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![:scale 100%](../images/caraccident.jpg) ] ] --- # Recap of Our Approach So Far...In Other Words .pull-left[ .smaller[ - .hi-purple[Property law]: situations where transaction costs are low enough to get agreement ahead of time (some exceptions of course!) - .hi-purple[Contract law]: situations where transaction costs are low enough for us to agree to a contract, but high enough that we might not want to renegotiate the contract later (when something unexpected happens) - .hi[Tort law]: situations where transaction costs are **too high to agree on anything in advance** ] ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/dispute.jpg) ] ] --- # An Example .pull-left[ .smallest[ - .hi-green[Example]: I am distracted and hit you with my car while you are bicycling to class - I did not *want* or *intend* to hit you - Put aside questions of justice and retribution...and simply consider incentives - Distracted driving (and hitting people) clearly imposes a serious negative externality on others - Without any laws, we expect more than the efficient amount of distracted driving - Society needs to design law to discourage this behavior - How do we do this? ] ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![:scale 100%](../images/car-bike-crash.jpg) ] ] --- # An Example - Harder with tort law, because I did not intend to hit you (and we had no prior agreement) - I made a choice ahead of time (to be distracted) that increased the likelihood of an accident -- .center[ ![:scale 75%](../images/tortcause.png) ] -- - So how do we create an incentive to avoid this type of outcome? - Can imagine several ways --- # An Example .center[ ![:scale 75%](../images/tortcause.png) ] -- 1. Punish the **choice** (criminal law, regulations): make it *illegal* to drive distracted (even if you don't hit anyone) -- 2. Punish the **outcome** (.hi[“Strict liability”]): if you hit someone, *regardless* of the choice you made, (distracted or not), you are liable -- 3. Punish the **combination** of choice & outcome (“.hi[“Negligence”]): if you hit someone, and you made a bad choice increasing the probability of an accident, you are liable --- # Tort Law .pull-left[ - .hi[Tort]: *noun.* (French): injury - Contract law: where someone harms you by breaking a promise they made - Tort law: where someone harms you *without* having made any promises ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/torte.jpg) ] ] --- # Tort Law vs. Criminal Law .pull-left[ > “If someone shoots you, call a cop. If someone hits your car, call a lawyer.” - Actually a lot of overlap between criminal law & tort law - Some torts have equivalent crimes - Intentional vs. unintentional torts - Can sue a criminal for damages in civil case - O.J. Simpson example ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/perpwalk.jpg) ] ] --- # Torts and Efficiency .pull-left[ - As usual, we will focus on attaining efficient outcomes - I hit you with my car, causing $1,000 worth of damage to you (no damage to me) - Should I have to pay damages? ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![:scale 100%](../images/car-bike-crash.jpg) ] ] --- # Torts and Efficiency .pull-left[ .smallest[ Suppose the law holds me liable for: | | Nothing | $1,000 | $50,000 | |----|----|----|----| | .blue[You] | .blue[-1,000] | .blue[0] | .bkue[49,000] | | .red[Me] | .red[0] | .red[-1,000] | .red[-50,000] | | **Joint** | **-1,000** | **-1,000** | **-1,000** | - Whatever happens **after** the accident has no apparent effect on efficiency - Just redistributing income, each of us obviously has different preference for this - No new value created or destroyed - ...this can't be the way to think about efficiency ] ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![:scale 100%](../images/car-bike-crash.jpg) ] ] --- # Remember the First Day of Class... .pull-left[ - Everything that happens *after* the accident merely affects **distribution**, not efficiency - Damage is *already* done, lawsuit = how to clean up the mess: - assign blame - maybe punish someone - maybe compensate ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/dispute.jpg) ] ] --- # Remember the First Day of Class... .pull-left[ - .hi-turquoise[Before] the incident, lots of .hi-turquoise[decisions] were made, e.g. - how much to invest in precaution (how fast to drive, wearing a helmet while biking, etc) - reaching a contractual agreement - transforming my property (planting trees that block my neighbor's view) - relying on my supplier to deliver on time ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/choices.jpg) ] ] --- # Remember the First Day of Class... .pull-left[ .smallest[ - These were made based on .hi-turquoise[expectations] about what will happen - These decisions affect the .hi-turquoise[outcomes] and .hi-purple[how much value is created and destroyed by society] - More importantly, .hi[how do laws and court decisions affect *future* behavior on the margin?] - Economists are more *forward*-looking about law ] ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/incentive2.jpg) ] ] --- # Designing Efficient Tort Law .pull-left[ - How do we structure tort law to get people to behave in a way that results in efficient outcomes? - For .hi-purple[deliberate] harms: make punishments severe (criminal law) - For .hi-purple[accidental] harms, much trickier - The goal is not *no* accidents, but the *efficient amount* of accidents! ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/car-bike-crash.jpg) ] ] --- # Designing Efficient Tort Law .pull-left[ .smallest[ - How do we structure tort law to get people to behave in a way that results in efficient outcomes? - Unlike property law, no injunctive relief possible - Unlike contract law, no agreement in advance - Cooter and Ulen: essence of tort law is > “the attempt to make injurers internalize the externalities they cause, in situations where transaction costs are too high to do this through property or contract rights” ] ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/choices.jpg) ] ] --- class: inverse, center, middle # The Legal Theory of Torts --- # The Legal Theory of Torts .pull-left[ - .blue[Plaintiff]: person who brings the lawsuit - Victim, person who is harmed - .red[Defendant]: person who is being sued - Injurer, person who caused the harm - In a tort case, .red[Defendant] caused some harm to .blue[Plaintiff], who is asking for damages ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/judgetrial.jpg) ] ] --- # The Legal Theory of Torts .pull-left[ - Like contract law, a well-known legal theory of tort liability developed 100 years ago - A valid tort case (where .blue[Plaintiff] can collect damages from .red[Defendant]) has three elements: 1. .hi[Harm] 2. .hi[Causation] 3. .hi[Breach of duty] (sometimes) ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/dispute.jpg) ] ] --- # Harm .pull-left[ - For a tort to exist, the .blue[Plaintiff] needs to have suffered some harm - “Without harm, there is no tort” - .hi-green[Examples]: - Gas station sells gas with defective additive to cars with custom carburetors - Manufacturer exposes workers to a chemical that increases cancer risk by 1% ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/cast.png) ] ] --- # Harm: Perfect Compensation .pull-left[ .smallest[ - Consider some preference relationship between money and health - Accident has caused injured party (.blue[Plaintiff]) to suffer harm - Model as fall to lower indifference curve ] ] .pull-right[  ] --- # Harm: Perfect Compensation .pull-left[ .smallest[ - Consider some preference relationship between money and health - Accident has caused injured party (.blue[Plaintiff]) to suffer harm - Model as fall to lower indifference curve - .hi-turquoise[Perfect compensation] would restore .blue[Plaintiff] to original level of well-being - Return to original indifference curve - Again, often via money damages - Sometimes, can't restore health, must find some equivalent amount of of money to compsensate ] ] .pull-right[  ] --- # Harm: Perfect Compensation .pull-left[ - Many of the harms are .hi-turquoise[tangible]: - Medical costs - Lost income - Damaged property - But there can also be .hi-turquoise[intangible harms]: - Emotional distress - Pain and suffering - Loss of companionship ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/emotionalpain.jpg) ] ] --- # Harm: Perfect Compensation .pull-left[ - In theory, perfect compensation should cover all these harms - Historically, courts were less willing to compensate for intangible harms (hard to measure) - Over time, U.S. courts have been compensating more for intangible harms ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/emotionalpain.jpg) ] ] --- # Harm: Perfect Compensation .pull-left[ - Should we compensate for intangible harms? - **Pros**: the closer liability is to the full harm done, the better the incentive to avoid these harms (internalize the full externality) - **Cons**: hard to measure, subjective value, high variance in award sizes, incentive to rent-seek? ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/emotionalpain.jpg) ] ] --- class: inverse, center, middle # Causation --- # Causation: Cause-in-fact .pull-left[ .smallest[ - To be liable for a tort, the .blue[Plaintiff] must show that the .red[Defendant] .hi-purple[caused] them harm - .hi-purple[Cause-in-fact] test - .hi-purple[“But for] the .red[Defendant's] actions, would the harm have occurred?” - `\(A \rightarrow B\)` - Ambiguity (recall Coase’s insight that it takes *two* parties to create harm!) ] ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/causality.jpg) ] ] --- # Causation: Cause-in-fact .left-column[ .center[ ![:scale 80%](../images/davidfriedman5.jpg) .smallest[ David D. Friedman (1945—) ] ] ] .right-column[ .smaller[ > “I stop my friend in the street to chat. He continues on down the street. As he passes by an office building, a safe falls out the window and crushes him. Have I caused his death? Should I be liable? > One sense of “I caused his death” is “had I not acted as I did, he would not have died”—the “but for” definition of causality. In that sense I killed my friend—if I had not delayed him, he would not have been under the safe when it fell. Yet it would seem odd to blame me and odder still to hold me liable. Why?” (p.191) ] .source[Friedman, David D, 2000, *Law's Order: What Economics Has to do with Law and Why it Matters*] ] --- # Causation: Cause-in-fact .pull-left[ - What about setting in motion a long chain of events that leads to harm? - `\(A \rightarrow c \rightarrow d \rightarrow e \rightarrow B\)` - Event A satisfies the “but-for” test! ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/causation.jpg) ] ] --- # Causation: *Palsgraf v. LIRR* .pull-left[ - *Palsgraf v. Long Island Rairoad Co.*, 248 N.Y. 339 (1928) - Railroad attendant’s actions caused, but were not the *proximate* cause to Ms. Palgraf's injuries - Court ruled attendant’s actions were too remote to be considered a .hi-purple[proximate cause] ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/palsgraf.jpg) ] .source[[Source](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G-9cIaMhtUE)] ] --- # Causation: *Palsgraf v. LIRR* .left-column[ .center[ ![](../images/palsgraf.jpg) ] .source[[Source](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G-9cIaMhtUE)] ] .right-column[ .quitesmall[ > “Plaintiff [Mrs. Palsgraf] was standing on a platform of defendant’s railroad after buying a ticket to go to Rockaway Beach. A train stopped at the station, bound for another place. Two men ran forward to catch it. One of the men reached the platform of the car without mishap, though the train was already moving. The other man, carrying a pack- age, jumped aboard the car, but seemed unsteady as if about to fall. A guard on the car, who had held the door open, reached forward to help him in, and another guard on the platform pushed him from behind. In this act, the package was dislodged, and fell upon the rails. It was a package of small size, about fifteen inches long, and was covered by a newspaper. In fact it contained fireworks, but there was nothing in its appearance to give notice of its contents. The fireworks when they fell exploded. The shock of the ex- plosion threw down some scales at the other end of the platform many feet away. The scales struck the plaintiff, causing injuries for which she sues.” ] .source[Source: [Court Opinion](www.courts.state.ny.us/reporter/archives/palsgraf_lirr.htm)] ] --- # Causation: *Palsgraf v. LIRR* .left-column[ .center[ ![:scale 70%](../images/cardozo.jpg) .smallest[ Benjamin N. Cardozo 1870—1938 Associate Justice of U.S. Supreme Court ]] ] .right-column[ .quitesmall[ > “Negligence, like risk, is thus a term of relation. Negligence in the abstract, apart from things related, is surely not a tort, if indeed it is understandable at all...Negligence is not a tort unless it results in the commission of a wrong, and the commission of a wrong imports the violation of a right, in this case, we are told, the right to be protected against interference with one's bodily security.” > “[T]he conduct of the defendant's guard, if a wrong in its relation to the holder of the package, was not a wrong in its relation to the plaintiff, standing far away. Relative to her it was not negligence at all...proof of negligence in the air, so to speak, will not do...a different conclusion will involve us, and swiftly too, in a maze of contradictions.” ] .source[Source: [Court Opinion](www.courts.state.ny.us/reporter/archives/palsgraf_lirr.htm)] ] --- # Causation: Proximate Cause .pull-left[ - .hi-purple[Proximate cause]: .red[defendant]'s actions must not be too distant from the event that caused the actual harm to .blue[Plaintiff] - But no precise legal definition of how close “proximate” is - In general, whatever consequences are .hi-purple[“reasonably foreseeable”] from .red[Defendant]'s actions ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/causation.jpg) ] ] --- class: inverse, center, middle # Breach of Duty --- # Breach of Duty .pull-left[ - Breach of duty is **sometimes, but not always** necessary for a tort to exist - Depends on the liability rule in place! - Consider two different tort liability rules: .hi-purple[strict liability] and .hi[negligence] ] .pull-right[ | Strict Liability | Negligence | |------------------|------------| | | | | | | | | | ] --- # Breach of Duty .pull-left[ - Under .hi-purple[strict liability], only necessary for .blue[Plaintiff] to show .red[Defendant] caused them harm - Does not matter whether .red[Defendant] was cautious or at fault! - Tends to be used for inherently dangerous activities (blasting with dynamite, etc.) ] .pull-right[ | .hi-purple[Strict Liability] | Negligence | |------------------|------------| | 1. Harm | | | 2. Causation | | | | | ] --- # Breach of Duty .pull-left[ - Under a (more common) .hi[negligence] rule, .blue[Plaintiff] must show that .red[Defendant] breached a legal duty owed to .blue[Plaintiff], and this led to the harm - .red[Injurers] owe .blue[victims] the legal duty of .hi-purple[“due care”] - When an .red[Defendant]/.red[injurer] breaches their legal duty, they are .hi-purple[“at fault”], or found .hi-purple[“negligent”] - If .red[Defendant] demonstrates they exercised due care, they are *not* liable for any harms to .blue[Plaintiff] ] .pull-right[ | Strict Liability | .hi[Negligence] | |------------------|------------| | 1. Harm | 1. Harm | | 2. Causation | 2. Causation | | | 3.  - How careful does .red[Injurer] have to be to avoid liability? - Is it negligent to drive 45 in a 40 MPH zone? 41? ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/caution.jpg) ] ] --- # Determining the Standard of Care .pull-left[ .smallest[ - In some settings, governments impose .hi-purple[safety regulations] used as the standard for negligence - Speed limits for highway driving - Requirements that bicycles have breaks - Requirements that lifeguards must be on duty - Workplace regulations - Some standards are left vauge - “Reckless driving” may depend on road and weather conditions - Common law focuses on duty of .hi[“reasonable care”]: the level of care a .hi-purple[reasonable person would have taken] ] ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/caution.jpg) ] ] --- # Reasonable Care Standard .pull-left[ .center[ ![](../images/reasonablyforseenmeme.jpg) ] ] -- .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/commonlawreasonable.jpg) ] ] --- # Strict Liability vs. Negligence Rule .pull-left[ .smaller[ - .hi[Strict liability] rule: .blue[Plaintiff] must prove **harm** and **causation** - .hi[Negligence] rule: .blue[Plaintiff] must prove **harm**, **causationn**, and **negligence** - Historical development - In early Europe, strict liability was typical rule - By early 1900s, negligence became typical rule - Second half of 1900s, strict liability became more common again, especially for products liability in U.S. ] ] .pull-right[ .center[ ![](../images/caution.jpg) ] ]


| MATLAB 文件帮助: cv.bilateralFilter | 查看 cv.bilateralFilter 的代码 | Index |
bilateralFilter Applies the bilateral filter to an image
result = cv.bilateralFilter(img)
result = cv.bilateralFilter(img, 'OptionName', optionValue, ...)
src
.SigmaSpace
.
Default: 7SigmaSpace
) will be mixed together, resulting in larger areas of
semi-equal color. Default: 50.0SigmaColor
). When Diameter>0
,
it specifies the neighborhood size regardless of SigmaSpace
.
Otherwise, Diameter
is proportional to SigmaSpace
. Default: 50.0The function applies bilateral filtering to the input image, as described in [CVonline]. cv.bilateralFilter can reduce unwanted noise very well while keeping edges fairly sharp. However, it is very slow compared to most filters.
Sigma values: For simplicity, you can set the 2 sigma values to be the
same. If they are small (< 10
), the filter will not have much effect,
whereas if they are large (> 150
), they will have a very strong effect,
making the image look "cartoonish".
Filter size: Large filters (Diameter > 5
) are very slow, so it is
recommended to use Diameter=5
for real-time applications, and perhaps
Diameter=9
for offline applications that need heavy noise filtering.
[CVonline]:
http://www.dai.ed.ac.uk/CVonline/LOCAL_COPIES/MANDUCHI1/Bilateral_Filtering.html


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Appendices:


--- layout: post status: publish published: true title: Podcast 3.26 - Renewed Interest? author: display_name: Corey Fineran login: Corey email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>url: '' author_login: Corey author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>wordpress_id: 5492 wordpress_url: http://ivyenvy.com/?p=5492 date: '2011-06-19 23:24:02 +0000' date_gmt: '2011-06-20 04:24:02 +0000' categories: - Podcast tags: - Podcast comments: [] ---
Andy, Corey and Jeremy look at the fairly decent run by the Cubs in the last week. We each admit that our interest has increased after the Brewers series and the first few games of the Yankees series. We look at Darwin Barney's injury and compare it's effect against the other injuries the Cubs have endured this season.
With the Yankees in town, the Zambrano trade rumors have been flying and we discuss the idea of a Zambrano trade from the perspectives of the Cubs and any other team that might be involved. On our Facebook page, Jeff asks us what we think of Blake DeWitt hitting in the 3-hole and that leads to some analyzing of the managing in the 9th inning of Saturday's Yankees game.
Corey steps in and gives a Scary Stat of the Week for Kurt. Then, we wrap up the show by picking a prize-less winner for this week's photo caption contest.


| Full Model Parameter Fit | ||||||
| lval | op | rval | Estimate | Std. Err | z-value | p-value |
| Social_Communication | ~ | IQ | -0.050592 | 0.016694 | -3.0306394 | 0.00244037 |
| Social_Communication | ~ | Sensory | -0.039665 | 0.02084 | -1.903342 | 0.05699594 |
| Social_Communication | ~ | Anxiety | 0.165566 | 0.023834 | 6.946734 | 3.74E-12 |
| Social_Communication | ~ | Attention | -0.008632 | 0.020497 | -0.4211263 | 0.67366283 |
| Social_Communication | ~ | Language | -0.260048 | 0.027171 | -9.5707191 | 0 |
| Social_Communication | ~ | RRB | 0.625348 | 0.016243 | 38.499496 | 0 |
| Social_Communication | ~ | POND_AGE | 0.231585 | 0.037479 | 6.179124 | 6.45E-10 |
| Social_Communication | ~ | MALE_SEX | 0.044692 | 0.015948 | 2.8024074 | 0.00507228 |
| Social_Communication | ~ | SES | 0.363774 | 0.087854 | 4.140684 | 3.46E-05 |
| Social_Communication | ~ | Race | 0.011491 | 0.021549 | 0.5332209 | 0.59388067 |
| SCQ_SC_DOMAIN | ~ | Social_Communication | 1 | - | - | - |
| FULL_IQ | ~ | IQ | 1 | - | - | - |
| SSP_TOTAL_RS | ~ | Sensory | 1 | - | - | - |
| CBCL_ANXIETY_PROBLEMS_PER | ~ | Anxiety | 1 | - | - | - |
| CBCL_ATTENTION_PROBLEMS_PER | ~ | Attention | 1 | - | - | - |
| ORAL_EXPRESSION | ~ | Language | 1 | - | - | - |
| LISTENING_COMPREHENSION | ~ | Language | 1.02887 | 0.035589 | 28.910039 | 0 |
| RRB_TOTAL | ~ | RRB | 1 | - | - | - |
| HSHLD_INCOME_STD | ~ | SES | 1 | - | - | - |
| EDUC_PMRY_CGVR_MEAN | ~ | SES | 0.406822 | 0.053084 | 7.6637084 | 1.80E-14 |
| White | ~ | Race | 1 | - | - | - |
| Aboriginal | ~ | Race | 0.056126 | 0.027466 | 2.0434681 | 0.04100612 |
| Arab | ~ | Race | -0.032275 | 0.015378 | -2.0987365 | 0.03584014 |
| Black | ~ | Race | -0.07216 | 0.029592 | -2.4384701 | 0.01474958 |
| East_Asian | ~ | Race | -0.016806 | 0.00729 | -2.3055478 | 0.02113591 |
| Latin_American_Hispanic | ~ | Race | -0.086402 | 0.031807 | -2.7164828 | 0.00659796 |
| South_Asian | ~ | Race | -0.136999 | 0.041097 | -3.3335317 | 0.00085751 |
| Southeast_Asian | ~ | Race | -0.053562 | 0.021176 | -2.5294295 | 0.01142481 |
| West_Asian | ~ | Race | -0.009035 | 0.010137 | -0.8912803 | 0.3727788 |
| Social_Communication | ~~ | Social_Communication | 0.012716 | 0.001061 | 11.982509 | 0 |
| Race | ~~ | Race | 0.153021 | 0.04271 | 3.5827578 | 0.00033999 |
| Race | ~~ | Sensory | -0.004394 | 0.003481 | -1.2624987 | 0.20676938 |
| Race | ~~ | Anxiety | -0.000429 | 0.006304 | -0.0680174 | 0.94577174 |
| Race | ~~ | RRB | 0.001747 | 0.003348 | 0.5218686 | 0.60176184 |
| Race | ~~ | Attention | 0.005354 | 0.005819 | 0.9200655 | 0.35753855 |
| Race | ~~ | SES | -0.00947 | 0.003572 | -2.6509788 | 0.00802589 |
| Race | ~~ | Language | 0.009655 | 0.004666 | 2.0693974 | 0.03850881 |
| Race | ~~ | IQ | 0.008069 | 0.00338 | 2.3872963 | 0.0169728 |
| Sensory | ~~ | Sensory | 0.034286 | 0.032169 | 1.0658253 | 0.28650263 |
| Sensory | ~~ | Anxiety | -0.053324 | 0.004185 | -12.741492 | 0 |
| Sensory | ~~ | RRB | -0.034563 | 0.002357 | -14.664318 | 0 |
| Sensory | ~~ | Attention | -0.058004 | 0.004049 | -14.327158 | 0 |
| Sensory | ~~ | SES | 0.014969 | 0.002392 | 6.2578845 | 3.90E-10 |
| Sensory | ~~ | Language | 0.022056 | 0.002832 | 7.7891638 | 6.66E-15 |
| Sensory | ~~ | IQ | 0.011875 | 0.001984 | 5.9843339 | 2.17E-09 |
| Anxiety | ~~ | Anxiety | 0.056948 | 0.016735 | 3.4028007 | 0.00066699 |
| Anxiety | ~~ | RRB | 0.041821 | 0.003853 | 10.855177 | 0 |
| Anxiety | ~~ | Attention | 0.08573 | 0.006933 | 12.365711 | 0 |
| Anxiety | ~~ | SES | -0.02522 | 0.004245 | -5.9405245 | 2.84E-09 |
| Anxiety | ~~ | Language | -0.030351 | 0.005007 | -6.0618059 | 1.35E-09 |
| Anxiety | ~~ | IQ | -0.01644 | 0.003556 | -4.62286 | 3.78E-06 |
| RRB | ~~ | RRB | 0.035831 | 0.003355 | 10.679272 | 0 |
| RRB | ~~ | Attention | 0.039959 | 0.003578 | 11.168253 | 0 |
| RRB | ~~ | SES | -0.015141 | 0.00234 | -6.471562 | 9.70E-11 |
| RRB | ~~ | Language | -0.022787 | 0.00275 | -8.2852584 | 2.22E-16 |
| RRB | ~~ | IQ | -0.013631 | 0.001933 | -7.0509906 | 1.78E-12 |
| Attention | ~~ | Attention | 0.082491 | 0.009051 | 9.1139788 | 0 |
| Attention | ~~ | SES | -0.022543 | 0.003883 | -5.8056629 | 6.41E-09 |
| Attention | ~~ | Language | -0.041853 | 0.004816 | -8.6911288 | 0 |
| Attention | ~~ | IQ | -0.025018 | 0.003374 | -7.4143531 | 1.22E-13 |
| SES | ~~ | SES | 0.027945 | 0.004985 | 5.6053684 | 2.08E-08 |
| SES | ~~ | Language | 0.017944 | 0.003117 | 5.7565813 | 8.58E-09 |
| SES | ~~ | IQ | 0.010123 | 0.002125 | 4.7643546 | 1.89E-06 |
| Language | ~~ | Language | 0.07917 | 0.005829 | 13.58226 | 0 |
| Language | ~~ | IQ | 0.049205 | 0.003359 | 14.650237 | 0 |
| IQ | ~~ | IQ | 0.036072 | 0.023177 | 1.5563743 | 0.11961912 |
| FULL_IQ | ~~ | FULL_IQ | 0.010989 | 0.023051 | 0.4767142 | 0.63356563 |
| Black | ~~ | Black | 0.047339 | 0.002664 | 17.772805 | 0 |
| RRB_TOTAL | ~~ | RRB_TOTAL | 0.01073 | 0.002456 | 4.3690487 | 1.25E-05 |
| CBCL_ANXIETY_PROBLEMS_PER | ~~ | CBCL_ANXIETY_PROBLEMS_PER | 0.108233 | 0.01603 | 6.7518618 | 1.46E-11 |
| White | ~~ | White | 3.02E-18 | 0.04184 | 7.21E-17 | 1 |
| West_Asian | ~~ | West_Asian | 0.009406 | 0.000527 | 17.832181 | 0 |
| East_Asian | ~~ | East_Asian | 0.003116 | 0.000175 | 17.791919 | 0 |
| ORAL_EXPRESSION | ~~ | ORAL_EXPRESSION | 0.022789 | 0.002134 | 10.681165 | 0 |
| South_Asian | ~~ | South_Asian | 0.027817 | 0.001746 | 15.928142 | 0 |
| SSP_TOTAL_RS | ~~ | SSP_TOTAL_RS | 0.015937 | 0.032067 | 0.4969749 | 0.61920678 |
| Latin_American_Hispanic | ~~ | Latin_American_Hispanic | 0.04414 | 0.002495 | 17.692252 | 0 |
| LISTENING_COMPREHENSION | ~~ | LISTENING_COMPREHENSION | 0.020821 | 0.002153 | 9.6720243 | 0 |
| Southeast_Asian | ~~ | Southeast_Asian | 0.022766 | 0.001282 | 17.754252 | 0 |
| Aboriginal | ~~ | Aboriginal | 0.050498 | 0.002835 | 17.813271 | 0 |
| SCQ_SC_DOMAIN | ~~ | SCQ_SC_DOMAIN | 0.017349 | 0.001061 | 16.348137 | 0 |
| HSHLD_INCOME_STD | ~~ | HSHLD_INCOME_STD | 0.056606 | 0.004746 | 11.926711 | 0 |
| Arab | ~~ | Arab | 0.015437 | 0.000867 | 17.809996 | 0 |
| EDUC_PMRY_CGVR_MEAN | ~~ | EDUC_PMRY_CGVR_MEAN | 0.006025 | 0.000675 | 8.9307948 | 0 |
| CBCL_ATTENTION_PROBLEMS_PER | ~~ | CBCL_ATTENTION_PROBLEMS_PER | 0.058079 | 0.00887 | 6.548119 | 5.83E-11 |


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Using the Boolean chart
The Issuezilla query page allows you to define your search parameters by all fields in the Issue database. To limit your search to a specific set of values in those fields, you can use the "Boolean chart" at the bottom of the page.
Each Boolean chart can contain one or more terms - the fields/values to search by and how each should be treated - and Boolean operators - either AND or OR.
To define a term, select an item from each pulldown box, specifying the field and the type of match, and enter a value in the data field. For example, if you select Issue # from the first pulldown, equal to from the second pulldown, and enter 001 in the data field, you will see only issue #001 in your search results.
The Boolean operators, i.e. the And button and the Or button, allow you to search by multiple terms.
Clicking the And button allows you to define a new term and have the result of the query include anything that matches both of the terms.
Clicking the Or button allows you to define a new term and the result of the query will be anything that matches either of the terms.
You can add as many terms as you like by clicking the And or Or button after each term. You can also use both And and Or in a single query. Terms separated by Or are treated as a single statement. Terms separated by And are treated as separate statements. For example, you could search for all P1 and P2 issues with a status New or Pending. Your Boolean chart would look like this:
| Status | Equal to | New | OR | Status | Equal to | Pending |
| Priority | Equal to | P2 | OR | Priority | Equal to | P1 |
You can use the Add another Boolean chart button to search for multiple instances of a field that can have several entries associated with a single issue. For example all of the changed... match types and fields like IssuesThisDependsOn, Comments, and CC, etc. can have several entries in a single issue. If you have multiple terms in your search that refer to one field, they will always return the same instance unless the terms appear on different charts.
For example, if you search for "Priority changed to P5 And Priority changed by person@addr," your results would include only issues where the person@addr changed the Priority to P5. However, if you want to find all issues for which person@addr changed the priority, and for which the priority was changed to P5 by anyone, you would put the two terms in two different charts that would look like this:
| Priority | Changed by | person@addr |
| Priority | Changed to | P5 |