GCDAsyncUdpSocket Class Reference
| Inherits from | NSObject |
| Declared in | GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h |
Overview
You may optionally set a send filter for the socket.
A filter can provide several interesting possibilities:
Optional caching of resolved addresses for domain names.
The cache could later be consulted, resulting in fewer system calls to getaddrinfo.Reusable modules of code for bandwidth monitoring.
Sometimes traffic shapers are needed to simulate real world environments.
A filter allows you to write custom code to simulate such environments.
The ability to code this yourself is especially helpful when your simulated environment
is more complicated than simple traffic shaping (e.g. simulating a cone port restricted router),
or the system tools to handle this aren’t available (e.g. on a mobile device).
Tasks
-
– init
GCDAsyncUdpSocket uses the standard delegate paradigm,
but executes all delegate callbacks on a given delegate dispatch queue.
This allows for maximum concurrency, while at the same time providing easy thread safety. -
– initWithSocketQueue:
-
– initWithDelegate:delegateQueue:
-
– initWithDelegate:delegateQueue:socketQueue:
-
– delegate
-
– setDelegate:
-
– synchronouslySetDelegate:
-
– delegateQueue
-
– setDelegateQueue:
-
– synchronouslySetDelegateQueue:
-
– getDelegate:delegateQueue:
-
– setDelegate:delegateQueue:
-
– synchronouslySetDelegate:delegateQueue:
-
– isIPv4Enabled
By default, both IPv4 and IPv6 are enabled.
-
– setIPv4Enabled:
-
– isIPv6Enabled
-
– setIPv6Enabled:
-
– isIPv4Preferred
-
– isIPv6Preferred
-
– isIPVersionNeutral
-
– setPreferIPv4
-
– setPreferIPv6
-
– setIPVersionNeutral
-
– maxReceiveIPv4BufferSize
Gets/Sets the maximum size of the buffer that will be allocated for receive operations.
The default maximum size is 9216 bytes. -
– setMaxReceiveIPv4BufferSize:
-
– maxReceiveIPv6BufferSize
-
– setMaxReceiveIPv6BufferSize:
-
– userData
User data allows you to associate arbitrary information with the socket.
This data is not used internally in any way. -
– setUserData:
-
– localAddress
Returns the local address info for the socket.
-
– localHost
-
– localPort
-
– localAddress_IPv4
-
– localHost_IPv4
-
– localPort_IPv4
-
– localAddress_IPv6
-
– localHost_IPv6
-
– localPort_IPv6
-
– connectedAddress
Returns the remote address info for the socket.
-
– connectedHost
-
– connectedPort
-
– isConnected
Returns whether or not this socket has been connected to a single host.
By design, UDP is a connectionless protocol, and connecting is not needed.
If connected, the socket will only be able to send/receive data to/from the connected host. -
– isClosed
Returns whether or not this socket has been closed.
The only way a socket can be closed is if you explicitly call one of the close methods. -
– isIPv4
Returns whether or not this socket is IPv4.
-
– isIPv6
Returns whether or not this socket is IPv6.
-
– bindToPort:error:
Binds the UDP socket to the given port.
Binding should be done for server sockets that receive data prior to sending it.
Client sockets can skip binding,
as the OS will automatically assign the socket an available port when it starts sending data. -
– bindToPort:interface:error:
Binds the UDP socket to the given port and optional interface.
Binding should be done for server sockets that receive data prior to sending it.
Client sockets can skip binding,
as the OS will automatically assign the socket an available port when it starts sending data. -
– bindToAddress:error:
Binds the UDP socket to the given address, specified as a sockaddr structure wrapped in a NSData object.
-
– connectToHost:onPort:error:
Connects the UDP socket to the given host and port.
By design, UDP is a connectionless protocol, and connecting is not needed. -
– connectToAddress:error:
Connects the UDP socket to the given address, specified as a sockaddr structure wrapped in a NSData object.
-
– joinMulticastGroup:error:
Join multicast group.
Group should be an IP address (eg @“<IP_ADDRESS>”). -
– joinMulticastGroup:onInterface:error:
Join multicast group.
Group should be an IP address (eg @“<IP_ADDRESS>”).
The interface may be a name (e.g. “en1” or “lo0”) or the corresponding IP address (e.g. “<IP_ADDRESS>”). -
– leaveMulticastGroup:error:
-
– leaveMulticastGroup:onInterface:error:
-
– enableBroadcast:error:
By default, the underlying socket in the OS will not allow you to send broadcast messages.
In order to send broadcast messages, you need to enable this functionality in the socket. -
– sendData:withTimeout:tag:
Asynchronously sends the given data, with the given timeout and tag.
-
– sendData:toHost:port:withTimeout:tag:
Asynchronously sends the given data, with the given timeout and tag, to the given host and port.
-
– sendData:toAddress:withTimeout:tag:
Asynchronously sends the given data, with the given timeout and tag, to the given address.
-
– setSendFilter:withQueue:
You may optionally set a send filter for the socket.
A filter can provide several interesting possibilities: -
– setSendFilter:withQueue:isAsynchronous:
The receive filter can be run via dispatch_async or dispatch_sync.
Most typical situations call for asynchronous operation. -
– receiveOnce:
There are two modes of operation for receiving packets: one-at-a-time & continuous.
-
– beginReceiving:
There are two modes of operation for receiving packets: one-at-a-time & continuous.
-
– pauseReceiving
If the socket is currently receiving (beginReceiving has been called), this method pauses the receiving.
That is, it won’t read any more packets from the underlying OS socket until beginReceiving is called again. -
– setReceiveFilter:withQueue:
You may optionally set a receive filter for the socket.
This receive filter may be set to run in its own queue (independent of delegate queue). -
– setReceiveFilter:withQueue:isAsynchronous:
The receive filter can be run via dispatch_async or dispatch_sync.
Most typical situations call for asynchronous operation. -
– close
Immediately closes the underlying socket.
Any pending send operations are discarded. -
– closeAfterSending
Closes the underlying socket after all pending send operations have been sent.
-
– performBlock:
It’s not thread-safe to access certain variables from outside the socket’s internal queue.
-
– socketFD
These methods are only available from within the context of a performBlock: invocation.
See the documentation for the performBlock: method above. -
– socket4FD
-
– socket6FD
-
– readStream
These methods are only available from within the context of a performBlock: invocation.
See the documentation for the performBlock: method above. -
– writeStream
-
+ hostFromAddress:
Extracting host/port/family information from raw address data.
-
+ portFromAddress:
-
+ familyFromAddress:
-
+ isIPv4Address:
-
+ isIPv6Address:
-
+ getHost:port:fromAddress:
-
+ getHost:port:family:fromAddress:
Class Methods
getHost:port:family:fromAddress:
+ (BOOL)getHost:(NSString **)hostPtr port:(uint16_t *)portPtr family:(int *)afPtr fromAddress:(NSData *)address
getHost:port:fromAddress:
+ (BOOL)getHost:(NSString **)hostPtr port:(uint16_t *)portPtr fromAddress:(NSData *)address
Instance Methods
beginReceiving:
There are two modes of operation for receiving packets: one-at-a-time & continuous.
- (BOOL)beginReceiving:(NSError **)errPtr
Discussion
There are two modes of operation for receiving packets: one-at-a-time & continuous.
In one-at-a-time mode, you call receiveOnce everytime your delegate is ready to process an incoming udp packet.
Receiving packets one-at-a-time may be better suited for implementing certain state machine code,
where your state machine may not always be ready to process incoming packets.
In continuous mode, the delegate is invoked immediately everytime incoming udp packets are received.
Receiving packets continuously is better suited to real-time streaming applications.
You may switch back and forth between one-at-a-time mode and continuous mode.
If the socket is currently in one-at-a-time mode, calling this method will switch it to continuous mode.
For every received packet (not filtered by the optional receive filter),
the delegate method (udpSocket:didReceiveData:fromAddress:withFilterContext:) is invoked.
If the socket is able to begin receiving packets, this method returns YES.
Otherwise it returns NO, and sets the errPtr with appropriate error information.
An example error:
You created a udp socket to act as a server, and immediately called receive.
You forgot to first bind the socket to a port number, and received a error with a message like:
“Must bind socket before you can receive data.”
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
bindToAddress:error:
Binds the UDP socket to the given address, specified as a sockaddr structure wrapped in a NSData object.
- (BOOL)bindToAddress:(NSData *)localAddr error:(NSError **)errPtr
Discussion
Binds the UDP socket to the given address, specified as a sockaddr structure wrapped in a NSData object.
If you have an existing struct sockaddr you can convert it to a NSData object like so:
struct sockaddr sa -> NSData dsa = [NSData dataWithBytes:&remoteAddr length:remoteAddr.sa_len];
struct sockaddr sa -> NSData *dsa = [NSData dataWithBytes:remoteAddr length:remoteAddr->sa_len];
Binding should be done for server sockets that receive data prior to sending it.
Client sockets can skip binding,
as the OS will automatically assign the socket an available port when it starts sending data.
You cannot bind a socket after its been connected.
You can only bind a socket once.
You can still connect a socket (if desired) after binding.
On success, returns YES.
Otherwise returns NO, and sets errPtr. If you don’t care about the error, you can pass NULL for errPtr.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
bindToPort:error:
Binds the UDP socket to the given port.
Binding should be done for server sockets that receive data prior to sending it.
Client sockets can skip binding,
as the OS will automatically assign the socket an available port when it starts sending data.
- (BOOL)bindToPort:(uint16_t)port error:(NSError **)errPtr
Discussion
Binds the UDP socket to the given port.
Binding should be done for server sockets that receive data prior to sending it.
Client sockets can skip binding,
as the OS will automatically assign the socket an available port when it starts sending data.
You may optionally pass a port number of zero to immediately bind the socket,
yet still allow the OS to automatically assign an available port.
You cannot bind a socket after its been connected.
You can only bind a socket once.
You can still connect a socket (if desired) after binding.
On success, returns YES.
Otherwise returns NO, and sets errPtr. If you don’t care about the error, you can pass NULL for errPtr.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
bindToPort:interface:error:
Binds the UDP socket to the given port and optional interface.
Binding should be done for server sockets that receive data prior to sending it.
Client sockets can skip binding,
as the OS will automatically assign the socket an available port when it starts sending data.
- (BOOL)bindToPort:(uint16_t)port interface:(NSString *)interface error:(NSError **)errPtr
Discussion
Binds the UDP socket to the given port and optional interface.
Binding should be done for server sockets that receive data prior to sending it.
Client sockets can skip binding,
as the OS will automatically assign the socket an available port when it starts sending data.
You may optionally pass a port number of zero to immediately bind the socket,
yet still allow the OS to automatically assign an available port.
The interface may be a name (e.g. “en1” or “lo0”) or the corresponding IP address (e.g. “<IP_ADDRESS>”).
You may also use the special strings “localhost” or “loopback” to specify that
the socket only accept packets from the local machine.
You cannot bind a socket after its been connected.
You can only bind a socket once.
You can still connect a socket (if desired) after binding.
On success, returns YES.
Otherwise returns NO, and sets errPtr. If you don’t care about the error, you can pass NULL for errPtr.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
close
Immediately closes the underlying socket.
Any pending send operations are discarded.
- (void)close
Discussion
Immediately closes the underlying socket.
Any pending send operations are discarded.
The GCDAsyncUdpSocket instance may optionally be used again.
(it will setup/configure/use another unnderlying BSD socket).
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
closeAfterSending
Closes the underlying socket after all pending send operations have been sent.
- (void)closeAfterSending
Discussion
Closes the underlying socket after all pending send operations have been sent.
The GCDAsyncUdpSocket instance may optionally be used again.
(it will setup/configure/use another unnderlying BSD socket).
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
connectToAddress:error:
Connects the UDP socket to the given address, specified as a sockaddr structure wrapped in a NSData object.
- (BOOL)connectToAddress:(NSData *)remoteAddr error:(NSError **)errPtr
Discussion
Connects the UDP socket to the given address, specified as a sockaddr structure wrapped in a NSData object.
If you have an existing struct sockaddr you can convert it to a NSData object like so:
struct sockaddr sa -> NSData dsa = [NSData dataWithBytes:&remoteAddr length:remoteAddr.sa_len];
struct sockaddr sa -> NSData *dsa = [NSData dataWithBytes:remoteAddr length:remoteAddr->sa_len];
By design, UDP is a connectionless protocol, and connecting is not needed.
Choosing to connect to a specific address has the following effect:
- You will only be able to send data to the connected address.
- You will only be able to receive data from the connected address.
- You will receive ICMP messages that come from the connected address, such as “connection refused”.
Connecting a UDP socket does not result in any communication on the socket.
It simply changes the internal state of the socket.
You cannot bind a socket after its been connected.
You can only connect a socket once.
On success, returns YES.
Otherwise returns NO, and sets errPtr. If you don’t care about the error, you can pass nil for errPtr.
Note: Unlike the connectToHost:onPort:error: method, this method does not require a DNS lookup.
Thus when this method returns, the connection has either failed or fully completed.
In other words, this method is synchronous, unlike the asynchronous connectToHost::: method.
However, for compatibility and simplification of delegate code, if this method returns YES
then the corresponding delegate method (udpSocket:didConnectToHost:port:) is still invoked.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
connectToHost:onPort:error:
Connects the UDP socket to the given host and port.
By design, UDP is a connectionless protocol, and connecting is not needed.
- (BOOL)connectToHost:(NSString *)host onPort:(uint16_t)port error:(NSError **)errPtr
Discussion
Connects the UDP socket to the given host and port.
By design, UDP is a connectionless protocol, and connecting is not needed.
Choosing to connect to a specific host/port has the following effect:
- You will only be able to send data to the connected host/port.
- You will only be able to receive data from the connected host/port.
- You will receive ICMP messages that come from the connected host/port, such as “connection refused”.
The actual process of connecting a UDP socket does not result in any communication on the socket.
It simply changes the internal state of the socket.
You cannot bind a socket after it has been connected.
You can only connect a socket once.
The host may be a domain name (e.g. “deusty.com”) or an IP address string (e.g. “<IP_ADDRESS>”).
This method is asynchronous as it requires a DNS lookup to resolve the given host name.
If an obvious error is detected, this method immediately returns NO and sets errPtr.
If you don’t care about the error, you can pass nil for errPtr.
Otherwise, this method returns YES and begins the asynchronous connection process.
The result of the asynchronous connection process will be reported via the delegate methods.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
connectedAddress
Returns the remote address info for the socket.
- (NSData *)connectedAddress
Discussion
Returns the remote address info for the socket.
The connectedAddress method returns a sockaddr structure wrapped in a NSData object.
The connectedHost method returns the human readable IP address as a string.
Note: Since UDP is connectionless by design, connected address info
will not be available unless the socket is explicitly connected to a remote host/port.
If the socket is not connected, these methods will return nil / 0.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
enableBroadcast:error:
By default, the underlying socket in the OS will not allow you to send broadcast messages.
In order to send broadcast messages, you need to enable this functionality in the socket.
- (BOOL)enableBroadcast:(BOOL)flag error:(NSError **)errPtr
Discussion
By default, the underlying socket in the OS will not allow you to send broadcast messages.
In order to send broadcast messages, you need to enable this functionality in the socket.
A broadcast is a UDP message to addresses like “<IP_ADDRESS>” or “<IP_ADDRESS>” that is
delivered to every host on the network.
The reason this is generally disabled by default (by the OS) is to prevent
accidental broadcast messages from flooding the network.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
getDelegate:delegateQueue:
- (void)getDelegate:(id *)delegatePtr delegateQueue:(dispatch_queue_t *)delegateQueuePtr
init
GCDAsyncUdpSocket uses the standard delegate paradigm,
but executes all delegate callbacks on a given delegate dispatch queue.
This allows for maximum concurrency, while at the same time providing easy thread safety.
- (id)init
Discussion
GCDAsyncUdpSocket uses the standard delegate paradigm,
but executes all delegate callbacks on a given delegate dispatch queue.
This allows for maximum concurrency, while at the same time providing easy thread safety.
You MUST set a delegate AND delegate dispatch queue before attempting to
use the socket, or you will get an error.
The socket queue is optional.
If you pass NULL, GCDAsyncSocket will automatically create its own socket queue.
If you choose to provide a socket queue, the socket queue must not be a concurrent queue.
The delegate queue and socket queue can optionally be the same.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
initWithDelegate:delegateQueue:
- (id)initWithDelegate:(id)aDelegate delegateQueue:(dispatch_queue_t)dq
initWithDelegate:delegateQueue:socketQueue:
- (id)initWithDelegate:(id)aDelegate delegateQueue:(dispatch_queue_t)dq socketQueue:(dispatch_queue_t)sq
isClosed
Returns whether or not this socket has been closed.
The only way a socket can be closed is if you explicitly call one of the close methods.
- (BOOL)isClosed
Discussion
Returns whether or not this socket has been closed.
The only way a socket can be closed is if you explicitly call one of the close methods.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
isConnected
Returns whether or not this socket has been connected to a single host.
By design, UDP is a connectionless protocol, and connecting is not needed.
If connected, the socket will only be able to send/receive data to/from the connected host.
- (BOOL)isConnected
Discussion
Returns whether or not this socket has been connected to a single host.
By design, UDP is a connectionless protocol, and connecting is not needed.
If connected, the socket will only be able to send/receive data to/from the connected host.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
isIPv4
Returns whether or not this socket is IPv4.
- (BOOL)isIPv4
Discussion
Returns whether or not this socket is IPv4.
By default this will be true, unless:
- IPv4 is disabled (via setIPv4Enabled:)
- The socket is explicitly bound to an IPv6 address
- The socket is connected to an IPv6 address
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
isIPv4Enabled
By default, both IPv4 and IPv6 are enabled.
- (BOOL)isIPv4Enabled
Discussion
By default, both IPv4 and IPv6 are enabled.
This means GCDAsyncUdpSocket automatically supports both protocols,
and can send to IPv4 or IPv6 addresses,
as well as receive over IPv4 and IPv6.
For operations that require DNS resolution, GCDAsyncUdpSocket supports both IPv4 and IPv6.
If a DNS lookup returns only IPv4 results, GCDAsyncUdpSocket will automatically use IPv4.
If a DNS lookup returns only IPv6 results, GCDAsyncUdpSocket will automatically use IPv6.
If a DNS lookup returns both IPv4 and IPv6 results, then the protocol used depends on the configured preference.
If IPv4 is preferred, then IPv4 is used.
If IPv6 is preferred, then IPv6 is used.
If neutral, then the first IP version in the resolved array will be used.
Starting with Mac OS X 10.7 Lion and iOS 5, the default IP preference is neutral.
On prior systems the default IP preference is IPv4.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
isIPv6
Returns whether or not this socket is IPv6.
- (BOOL)isIPv6
Discussion
Returns whether or not this socket is IPv6.
By default this will be true, unless:
- IPv6 is disabled (via setIPv6Enabled:)
- The socket is explicitly bound to an IPv4 address
_ The socket is connected to an IPv4 address
This method will also return false on platforms that do not support IPv6.
Note: The iPhone does not currently support IPv6.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
joinMulticastGroup:error:
Join multicast group.
Group should be an IP address (eg @“<IP_ADDRESS>”).
- (BOOL)joinMulticastGroup:(NSString *)group error:(NSError **)errPtr
Discussion
Join multicast group.
Group should be an IP address (eg @“<IP_ADDRESS>”).
On success, returns YES.
Otherwise returns NO, and sets errPtr. If you don’t care about the error, you can pass nil for errPtr.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
joinMulticastGroup:onInterface:error:
Join multicast group.
Group should be an IP address (eg @“<IP_ADDRESS>”).
The interface may be a name (e.g. “en1” or “lo0”) or the corresponding IP address (e.g. “<IP_ADDRESS>”).
- (BOOL)joinMulticastGroup:(NSString *)group onInterface:(NSString *)interface error:(NSError **)errPtr
Discussion
Join multicast group.
Group should be an IP address (eg @“<IP_ADDRESS>”).
The interface may be a name (e.g. “en1” or “lo0”) or the corresponding IP address (e.g. “<IP_ADDRESS>”).
On success, returns YES.
Otherwise returns NO, and sets errPtr. If you don’t care about the error, you can pass nil for errPtr.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
leaveMulticastGroup:onInterface:error:
- (BOOL)leaveMulticastGroup:(NSString *)group onInterface:(NSString *)interface error:(NSError **)errPtr
localAddress
Returns the local address info for the socket.
- (NSData *)localAddress
Discussion
Returns the local address info for the socket.
The localAddress method returns a sockaddr structure wrapped in a NSData object.
The localHost method returns the human readable IP address as a string.
Note: Address info may not be available until after the socket has been binded, connected
or until after data has been sent.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
maxReceiveIPv4BufferSize
Gets/Sets the maximum size of the buffer that will be allocated for receive operations.
The default maximum size is 9216 bytes.
- (uint16_t)maxReceiveIPv4BufferSize
Discussion
Gets/Sets the maximum size of the buffer that will be allocated for receive operations.
The default maximum size is 9216 bytes.
The theoretical maximum size of any IPv4 UDP packet is UINT16_MAX = 65535.
The theoretical maximum size of any IPv6 UDP packet is UINT32_MAX =<PHONE_NUMBER>.
Since the OS/GCD notifies us of the size of each received UDP packet,
the actual allocated buffer size for each packet is exact.
And in practice the size of UDP packets is generally much smaller than the max.
Indeed most protocols will send and receive packets of only a few bytes,
or will set a limit on the size of packets to prevent fragmentation in the IP layer.
If you set the buffer size too small, the sockets API in the OS will silently discard
any extra data, and you will not be notified of the error.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
pauseReceiving
If the socket is currently receiving (beginReceiving has been called), this method pauses the receiving.
That is, it won’t read any more packets from the underlying OS socket until beginReceiving is called again.
- (void)pauseReceiving
Discussion
If the socket is currently receiving (beginReceiving has been called), this method pauses the receiving.
That is, it won’t read any more packets from the underlying OS socket until beginReceiving is called again.
Important Note:
GCDAsyncUdpSocket may be running in parallel with your code.
That is, your delegate is likely running on a separate thread/dispatch_queue.
When you invoke this method, GCDAsyncUdpSocket may have already dispatched delegate methods to be invoked.
Thus, if those delegate methods have already been dispatch_async’d,
your didReceive delegate method may still be invoked after this method has been called.
You should be aware of this, and program defensively.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
performBlock:
It’s not thread-safe to access certain variables from outside the socket’s internal queue.
- (void)performBlock:(dispatch_block_t)block
Discussion
It’s not thread-safe to access certain variables from outside the socket’s internal queue.
For example, the socket file descriptor.
File descriptors are simply integers which reference an index in the per-process file table.
However, when one requests a new file descriptor (by opening a file or socket),
the file descriptor returned is guaranteed to be the lowest numbered unused descriptor.
So if we’re not careful, the following could be possible:
- Thread A invokes a method which returns the socket’s file descriptor.
- The socket is closed via the socket’s internal queue on thread B.
- Thread C opens a file, and subsequently receives the file descriptor that was previously the socket’s FD.
- Thread A is now accessing/altering the file instead of the socket.
In addition to this, other variables are not actually objects,
and thus cannot be retained/released or even autoreleased.
An example is the sslContext, of type SSLContextRef, which is actually a malloc’d struct.
Although there are internal variables that make it difficult to maintain thread-safety,
it is important to provide access to these variables
to ensure this class can be used in a wide array of environments.
This method helps to accomplish this by invoking the current block on the socket’s internal queue.
The methods below can be invoked from within the block to access
those generally thread-unsafe internal variables in a thread-safe manner.
The given block will be invoked synchronously on the socket’s internal queue.
If you save references to any protected variables and use them outside the block, you do so at your own peril.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
readStream
These methods are only available from within the context of a performBlock: invocation.
See the documentation for the performBlock: method above.
- (CFReadStreamRef)readStream
Discussion
These methods are only available from within the context of a performBlock: invocation.
See the documentation for the performBlock: method above.
Returns (creating if necessary) a CFReadStream/CFWriteStream for the internal socket.
Generally GCDAsyncUdpSocket doesn’t use CFStream. (It uses the faster GCD API’s.)
However, if you need one for any reason,
these methods are a convenient way to get access to a safe instance of one.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
receiveOnce:
There are two modes of operation for receiving packets: one-at-a-time & continuous.
- (BOOL)receiveOnce:(NSError **)errPtr
Discussion
There are two modes of operation for receiving packets: one-at-a-time & continuous.
In one-at-a-time mode, you call receiveOnce everytime your delegate is ready to process an incoming udp packet.
Receiving packets one-at-a-time may be better suited for implementing certain state machine code,
where your state machine may not always be ready to process incoming packets.
In continuous mode, the delegate is invoked immediately everytime incoming udp packets are received.
Receiving packets continuously is better suited to real-time streaming applications.
You may switch back and forth between one-at-a-time mode and continuous mode.
If the socket is currently in continuous mode, calling this method will switch it to one-at-a-time mode.
When a packet is received (and not filtered by the optional receive filter),
the delegate method (udpSocket:didReceiveData:fromAddress:withFilterContext:) is invoked.
If the socket is able to begin receiving packets, this method returns YES.
Otherwise it returns NO, and sets the errPtr with appropriate error information.
An example error:
You created a udp socket to act as a server, and immediately called receive.
You forgot to first bind the socket to a port number, and received a error with a message like:
“Must bind socket before you can receive data.”
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
sendData:toAddress:withTimeout:tag:
Asynchronously sends the given data, with the given timeout and tag, to the given address.
- (void)sendData:(NSData *)data toAddress:(NSData *)remoteAddr withTimeout:(NSTimeInterval)timeout tag:(long)tag
Discussion
Asynchronously sends the given data, with the given timeout and tag, to the given address.
This method cannot be used with a connected socket.
Recall that connecting is optional for a UDP socket.
For connected sockets, data can only be sent to the connected address.
For non-connected sockets, the remote destination is specified for each packet.
For more information about optionally connecting udp sockets, see the documentation for the connect methods above.
@param data
The data to send.
If data is nil or zero-length, this method does nothing.
If passing NSMutableData, please read the thread-safety notice below.
@param address
The address to send the data to (specified as a sockaddr structure wrapped in a NSData object).
@param timeout
The timeout for the send opeartion.
If the timeout value is negative, the send operation will not use a timeout.
@param tag
The tag is for your convenience.
It is not sent or received over the socket in any manner what-so-ever.
It is reported back as a parameter in the udpSocket:didSendDataWithTag:
or udpSocket:didNotSendDataWithTag:dueToError: methods.
You can use it as an array index, state id, type constant, etc.
Thread-Safety Note:
If the given data parameter is mutable (NSMutableData) then you MUST NOT alter the data while
the socket is sending it. In other words, it’s not safe to alter the data until after the delegate method
udpSocket:didSendDataWithTag: or udpSocket:didNotSendDataWithTag:dueToError: is invoked signifying
that this particular send operation has completed.
This is due to the fact that GCDAsyncUdpSocket does NOT copy the data.
It simply retains it for performance reasons.
Often times, if NSMutableData is passed, it is because a request/response was built up in memory.
Copying this data adds an unwanted/unneeded overhead.
If you need to write data from an immutable buffer, and you need to alter the buffer before the socket
completes sending the bytes (which is NOT immediately after this method returns, but rather at a later time
when the delegate method notifies you), then you should first copy the bytes, and pass the copy to this method.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
sendData:toHost:port:withTimeout:tag:
Asynchronously sends the given data, with the given timeout and tag, to the given host and port.
- (void)sendData:(NSData *)data toHost:(NSString *)host port:(uint16_t)port withTimeout:(NSTimeInterval)timeout tag:(long)tag
Discussion
Asynchronously sends the given data, with the given timeout and tag, to the given host and port.
This method cannot be used with a connected socket.
Recall that connecting is optional for a UDP socket.
For connected sockets, data can only be sent to the connected address.
For non-connected sockets, the remote destination is specified for each packet.
For more information about optionally connecting udp sockets, see the documentation for the connect methods above.
@param data
The data to send.
If data is nil or zero-length, this method does nothing.
If passing NSMutableData, please read the thread-safety notice below.
@param host
The destination to send the udp packet to.
May be specified as a domain name (e.g. “deusty.com”) or an IP address string (e.g. “<IP_ADDRESS>”).
You may also use the convenience strings of “loopback” or “localhost”.
@param port
The port of the host to send to.
@param timeout
The timeout for the send opeartion.
If the timeout value is negative, the send operation will not use a timeout.
@param tag
The tag is for your convenience.
It is not sent or received over the socket in any manner what-so-ever.
It is reported back as a parameter in the udpSocket:didSendDataWithTag:
or udpSocket:didNotSendDataWithTag:dueToError: methods.
You can use it as an array index, state id, type constant, etc.
Thread-Safety Note:
If the given data parameter is mutable (NSMutableData) then you MUST NOT alter the data while
the socket is sending it. In other words, it’s not safe to alter the data until after the delegate method
udpSocket:didSendDataWithTag: or udpSocket:didNotSendDataWithTag:dueToError: is invoked signifying
that this particular send operation has completed.
This is due to the fact that GCDAsyncUdpSocket does NOT copy the data.
It simply retains it for performance reasons.
Often times, if NSMutableData is passed, it is because a request/response was built up in memory.
Copying this data adds an unwanted/unneeded overhead.
If you need to write data from an immutable buffer, and you need to alter the buffer before the socket
completes sending the bytes (which is NOT immediately after this method returns, but rather at a later time
when the delegate method notifies you), then you should first copy the bytes, and pass the copy to this method.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
sendData:withTimeout:tag:
Asynchronously sends the given data, with the given timeout and tag.
- (void)sendData:(NSData *)data withTimeout:(NSTimeInterval)timeout tag:(long)tag
Discussion
Asynchronously sends the given data, with the given timeout and tag.
This method may only be used with a connected socket.
Recall that connecting is optional for a UDP socket.
For connected sockets, data can only be sent to the connected address.
For non-connected sockets, the remote destination is specified for each packet.
For more information about optionally connecting udp sockets, see the documentation for the connect methods above.
@param data
The data to send.
If data is nil or zero-length, this method does nothing.
If passing NSMutableData, please read the thread-safety notice below.
@param timeout
The timeout for the send opeartion.
If the timeout value is negative, the send operation will not use a timeout.
@param tag
The tag is for your convenience.
It is not sent or received over the socket in any manner what-so-ever.
It is reported back as a parameter in the udpSocket:didSendDataWithTag:
or udpSocket:didNotSendDataWithTag:dueToError: methods.
You can use it as an array index, state id, type constant, etc.
Thread-Safety Note:
If the given data parameter is mutable (NSMutableData) then you MUST NOT alter the data while
the socket is sending it. In other words, it’s not safe to alter the data until after the delegate method
udpSocket:didSendDataWithTag: or udpSocket:didNotSendDataWithTag:dueToError: is invoked signifying
that this particular send operation has completed.
This is due to the fact that GCDAsyncUdpSocket does NOT copy the data.
It simply retains it for performance reasons.
Often times, if NSMutableData is passed, it is because a request/response was built up in memory.
Copying this data adds an unwanted/unneeded overhead.
If you need to write data from an immutable buffer, and you need to alter the buffer before the socket
completes sending the bytes (which is NOT immediately after this method returns, but rather at a later time
when the delegate method notifies you), then you should first copy the bytes, and pass the copy to this method.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
setDelegate:delegateQueue:
- (void)setDelegate:(id)delegate delegateQueue:(dispatch_queue_t)delegateQueue
setReceiveFilter:withQueue:
You may optionally set a receive filter for the socket.
This receive filter may be set to run in its own queue (independent of delegate queue).
- (void)setReceiveFilter:(GCDAsyncUdpSocketReceiveFilterBlock)filterBlock withQueue:(dispatch_queue_t)filterQueue
Discussion
You may optionally set a receive filter for the socket.
This receive filter may be set to run in its own queue (independent of delegate queue).
A filter can provide several useful features.
Many times udp packets need to be parsed.
Since the filter can run in its own independent queue, you can parallelize this parsing quite easily.
The end result is a parallel socket io, datagram parsing, and packet processing.Many times udp packets are discarded because they are duplicate/unneeded/unsolicited.
The filter can prevent such packets from arriving at the delegate.
And because the filter can run in its own independent queue, this doesn’t slow down the delegate.Since the udp protocol does not guarantee delivery, udp packets may be lost.
Many protocols built atop udp thus provide various resend/re-request algorithms.
This sometimes results in duplicate packets arriving.
A filter may allow you to architect the duplicate detection code to run in parallel to normal processing.Since the udp socket may be connectionless, its possible for unsolicited packets to arrive.
Such packets need to be ignored.Sometimes traffic shapers are needed to simulate real world environments.
A filter allows you to write custom code to simulate such environments.
The ability to code this yourself is especially helpful when your simulated environment
is more complicated than simple traffic shaping (e.g. simulating a cone port restricted router),
or the system tools to handle this aren’t available (e.g. on a mobile device).
Example:
GCDAsyncUdpSocketReceiveFilterBlock filter = ^BOOL (NSData data, NSData address, id *context) {
MyProtocolMessage *msg = [MyProtocol parseMessage:data];
*context = response;
return (response != nil);
};
[udpSocket setReceiveFilter:filter withQueue:myParsingQueue];
For more information about GCDAsyncUdpSocketReceiveFilterBlock, see the documentation for its typedef.
To remove a previously set filter, invoke this method and pass a nil filterBlock and NULL filterQueue.
Note: This method invokes setReceiveFilter:withQueue:isAsynchronous: (documented below),
passing YES for the isAsynchronous parameter.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
setReceiveFilter:withQueue:isAsynchronous:
The receive filter can be run via dispatch_async or dispatch_sync.
Most typical situations call for asynchronous operation.
- (void)setReceiveFilter:(GCDAsyncUdpSocketReceiveFilterBlock)filterBlock withQueue:(dispatch_queue_t)filterQueue isAsynchronous:(BOOL)isAsynchronous
Discussion
The receive filter can be run via dispatch_async or dispatch_sync.
Most typical situations call for asynchronous operation.
However, there are a few situations in which synchronous operation is preferred.
Such is the case when the filter is extremely minimal and fast.
This is because dispatch_sync is faster than dispatch_async.
If you choose synchronous operation, be aware of possible deadlock conditions.
Since the socket queue is executing your block via dispatch_sync,
then you cannot perform any tasks which may invoke dispatch_sync on the socket queue.
For example, you can’t query properties on the socket.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
setSendFilter:withQueue:
You may optionally set a send filter for the socket.
A filter can provide several interesting possibilities:
- (void)setSendFilter:(GCDAsyncUdpSocketSendFilterBlock)filterBlock withQueue:(dispatch_queue_t)filterQueue
Discussion
You may optionally set a send filter for the socket.
A filter can provide several interesting possibilities:
Optional caching of resolved addresses for domain names.
The cache could later be consulted, resulting in fewer system calls to getaddrinfo.Reusable modules of code for bandwidth monitoring.
Sometimes traffic shapers are needed to simulate real world environments.
A filter allows you to write custom code to simulate such environments.
The ability to code this yourself is especially helpful when your simulated environment
is more complicated than simple traffic shaping (e.g. simulating a cone port restricted router),
or the system tools to handle this aren’t available (e.g. on a mobile device).
For more information about GCDAsyncUdpSocketSendFilterBlock, see the documentation for its typedef.
To remove a previously set filter, invoke this method and pass a nil filterBlock and NULL filterQueue.
Note: This method invokes setSendFilter:withQueue:isAsynchronous: (documented below),
passing YES for the isAsynchronous parameter.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
setSendFilter:withQueue:isAsynchronous:
The receive filter can be run via dispatch_async or dispatch_sync.
Most typical situations call for asynchronous operation.
- (void)setSendFilter:(GCDAsyncUdpSocketSendFilterBlock)filterBlock withQueue:(dispatch_queue_t)filterQueue isAsynchronous:(BOOL)isAsynchronous
Discussion
The receive filter can be run via dispatch_async or dispatch_sync.
Most typical situations call for asynchronous operation.
However, there are a few situations in which synchronous operation is preferred.
Such is the case when the filter is extremely minimal and fast.
This is because dispatch_sync is faster than dispatch_async.
If you choose synchronous operation, be aware of possible deadlock conditions.
Since the socket queue is executing your block via dispatch_sync,
then you cannot perform any tasks which may invoke dispatch_sync on the socket queue.
For example, you can’t query properties on the socket.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
socketFD
These methods are only available from within the context of a performBlock: invocation.
See the documentation for the performBlock: method above.
- (int)socketFD
Discussion
These methods are only available from within the context of a performBlock: invocation.
See the documentation for the performBlock: method above.
Provides access to the socket’s file descriptor(s).
If the socket isn’t connected, or explicity bound to a particular interface,
it might actually have multiple internal socket file descriptors - one for IPv4 and one for IPv6.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h
synchronouslySetDelegate:delegateQueue:
- (void)synchronouslySetDelegate:(id)delegate delegateQueue:(dispatch_queue_t)delegateQueue
synchronouslySetDelegateQueue:
- (void)synchronouslySetDelegateQueue:(dispatch_queue_t)delegateQueue
userData
User data allows you to associate arbitrary information with the socket.
This data is not used internally in any way.
- (id)userData
Discussion
User data allows you to associate arbitrary information with the socket.
This data is not used internally in any way.
Declared In
GCDAsyncUdpSocket.h


I have been developing websites for about 4 years now. I first studied web development at ITT Tech and have continued my education through online resources such as Udemy, codeacademy, codeschool, plural sight, and various youtube channels I subscribe to.
My passion has driven me to learn several different stacks such as LAMP and MEAN. Currently I am focused on learning building node apps using reactjs. Below are a list of the skills I have learned:
Email me at the following address<EMAIL_ADDRESS>or find me on Linkedin.


While am not coding, You can find me hiking beautiful trails in and around portland with my 2 year old son and my husband.
An Ideaboard React Application that interacts with RAILS API I created with end points and responds to users to create, update, edit and delete ideas to the ideaboard.
Reactjs, Ruby on Rails, Postgres
Epiquiz is an web application designed to give the user the ability to see a list of subjects as well as view their specific flashcards on a dynamic page
Angular 2, Typescript, Firebase
Portfolio created using AWS services and React Components.
HTML5, CSS3, ReactJs, AWS cloudfront, AWS lambda, AWS route 53, AWS CodePipeline.
A Rails Web application of a local photographer to showcase her work and contact details with services offered and contact form.
Ruby on Rails, Devise, Postgres.


Visualizing an Electric Field With HTML5 and WebGL, Part 4: An Infinite Charged Plane
Another classic charge distribution is the infinite charged plane, or infinite sheet of charge. It generates a particularly simple electric field normal to the plane, and a number of interesting models can be produced by combining planes or planes and point charges.
The infinite charged plane is presented as a finite rectangle for practical reasons. Drawing a small section of the plane reduces hardware requirements, especially for mobile devices. Consider trying to draw all the field lines for an infinite sheet.
A charged plane is constructed by specifying the charge density, σ, the density of field lines per unit charge, ρ, and the four corners of the rectangular area of the plane that will be drawn (x0, y0, z0), (x1, y1, z1), (x2, y2, z2), and (x3, y3, z3). In any given diagram, each charged plane is a transformation of a unit rectangle into the given position. This means that no matter how many rectangles are drawn, the same four vertices are used over and over to draw them.
Focus on clarity. This is a large charge distribution and the electric field is strongly directional. Orient them so the configuration and shape of the field is clear. Choose a field line density that produces enough field lines to illustrate the physics, but not so many that the visualization is difficult to interpret. The parallel plates are a subtle example, the initial position is inclined slightly so that the presence of two oppositely charged planes is clear.
The simplest example is the single charged plane. Even in this case the plane is inclined to clearly show the field extending in both directions normal to the plane. It is also clear that the field is uniform and does not fall off with distance as does the field from a point charge. As a side note, in the early testing of this diagram, because of a typo I generated over 25,000 field lines and crashed the JavaScript engine. It pays to exercise a bit of caution.
The next example of two oppositely charged planes generates a strong electric field between the planes, but beyond them the fields cancel. This is expected from the superposition principle. This configuration also serves as a gateway into discussing capacitance and energy density in an electric field. In this illustration, the field line density, ρ, on one of the planes is set to zero to generate a cleaner representation.
This next example is a showcase for this visualization technique. A negative charge placed above a negatively charged plane deflects the field in a way that is much easier to understand when rotated and viewed from multiple angles. For an interesting example of symmetry in physics consider what you would expect if the sign of both the charged plane and the the point charge were reversed.
Previous: Charge Distributions Next: Code and Examples


Toronto Film Critics Association names Parasite the year's best movie
The Body Remembers When The World Broke Open, Antigone and Firecrackers are nominated for the best Canadian film prize
by Radheyan SimonpillaiThe Toronto Film Critics Association (TFCA) is high on Bong Joon-Ho’s Parasite, voting the absurd dark comedy about class warfare Best Picture and Best Foreign-Language Film.
The organization, which counts the NOW film team as members, also announced the nominees for the Rogers Best Canadian Film Award. Sophie Deraspe’s French-Canadian immigrant fable Antigone (now playing), Jasmin Mozaffari’s gritty and stylish small town drama Firecrackers and Elle-Máijá Tailfeathers and Kathleen Hepburn’s spare but powerful look drama about a chance meeting between two Indigenous women, The Body Remembers When The World Broke Open (opens Friday), will compete for the $100,000 prize.
Parasite filmmaker Bong also creeped into the winner's circle to claim the Best Director award, leaving Martin Scorsese and Noah Baumbach as runner-ups. Scorsese’s mob epic The Irishman and Baumbach’s Marriage Story were runner-ups in the Best Picture category as well. Both films triumphed elsewhere.
Marriage Story landed two acting prizes. Adam Driver was named Best Actor for his devastating performance as a theatre director going through a divorce. Laura Dern, who plays a divorce lawyer, took home the Best Supporting Actress prize. Both Driver and Dern triumphed over Uncut Gems stars Adam Sandler and Julia Fox – the runner-ups in those respective categories – who play lovers in the high-anxiety thriller.
The Irishman eeked out a win in the Best Screenplay category. Screenwriter Steven Zallian’s simple but powerful words (“It is what it is”) triumphed over the verbose, show-stopping speeches in Marriage Story.
While the Golden Globes failed to nominate Lupita Nyong’o for her performance in Jordan Peele's Us, the TFCA recognized her in the Best Actress category. Brad Pitt won Best Supporting Actor for his role in Quentin Tarantino's Once Upon A Time ... In Hollywood, edging out Joe Pesci’s low-key performance in The Irishman.
In a win for white feminism and performative woke-sterism, the TFCA gave their Best First Feature prize to Olivia Wilde's comedy-of-age Booksmart. That film triumphed over Atlantics, Mati Diop's tremendous debut feature about Senegelese women haunted by lost men. Melina Matsoukas's Queen & Slim was also a runner-up
The Best Animated Feature award went to stop-motion animation studio Laika’s Missing Link, while the Allan King Documentary Film Award went to Steven Bognar and Julia Reichert's American Factory.
In a previous announcement, the TFCA named TIFF’s outgoing Executive Director Michèle Maheux the recipient of the Clyde Gilmour Award. The prize comes with Technicolor services valued at $50,000 for a filmmaker chosen by the honouree. Maheux chose to reward Toronto filmmaker Lina Rodriguez who is behind domestic Colombian dramas like Senoritas and This Time Tomorrow.
Rodriguez will receive that prize at the association's January 9 gala where the winners for Best Canadian Film and the Jay Scott Prize for an Emerging artist will also be announced.
Check out the full list of winners and runners up below:
Best Picture
Parasite
Runners-up
The Irishman, Marriage Story
Best Actor
Adam Driver, Marriage Story
Runners-up
Adam Sandler, Uncut Gems; Antonio Banderas, Pain and Glory
Best Actress
Lupita Nyong'o, Us
Runners-up
Renée Zellweger, Judy; Scarlett Johansson, Marriage Story
Best Supporting Actor
Brad Pitt, Once Upon a Time in Hollywood
Runners-up
Willem Dafoe, The Lighthouse; Joe Pesci, The Irishman
Best Supporting Actress
Laura Dern, Marriage Story
Runners-up
Florence Pugh, Little Women; Julia Fox, Uncut Gems
Best Director
Bong Joon-ho, Parasite
Runners-up
Martin Scorsese, The Irishman; Noah Baumbach, Marriage Story
Best Screenplay, Adapted or Original
The Irishman by Steven Zaillian from the book by Charles Brandt
Runners-up
Parasite by Bong Joon-ho; Marriage Story by Noah Baumbach
Best First Feature
Booksmart directed by Olivia Wilde
Runners-up
Atlantics directed by Mati Diop; Queen & Slim directed by Melina Matsoukas
Best Animated Feature
Missing Link
Runners-up
Toy Story 4; How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World; Frozen 2
Best Foreign-Language Film
Parasite
Runners-up
Pain And Glory; Portrait Of A Lady On Fire
Allan King Documentary Film Award
American Factory
Runners-up
Apollo 11; The Cave
Rogers Best Canadian Film Award finalists
The Body Remembers When The World Broke Open directed by Kathleen Hepburn and Elle-Máijá Tailfeathers
Antigone directed by Sophie Deraspe
Firecrackers directed by Jasmin Mozaffari


bee-like
Sincerity
is not
niceness &
I will not
play nice,
but
those who you admire,
everyone who touches
you,
is a teacher & a learner,
wants to be loved & to
love,
so don’t delay to ask for
help, if that was what you
needed,
for I have strenuously
learnt the value that is
me[
&
as i you,
lover…
as i you].
</p>


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Exploit Development:
https://github.com/SaltwaterC/sploit-tools
https://github.com/r41p41/snippets
https://zdresearch.com/internet-expl...rop-genration/
https://github.com/byt3bl33d3r/MITMf
https://www.qualys.com/research/top10/2014/07/


The Git-it app runs in your – Terminal or Bash (Windows) and has challenges for learning Git and GitHub. It uses the real terminal (so you'll be learning the awesome command line), and it uses real Git and GitHub which means when you finish all of the challenges you'll have real repositories on your GitHub account and green squares on your contribution chart!
The app is written in Node.js, is on NPM and there are others like it at nodeschool.io.The Guide walks you through the challenges and is bundled with the app, so it works offline and can be used as a resource whenever.


Arlene Phillips's panel show appearances
Arlene Phillips (born 1943-05-22[ref]) has appeared in 22 episodes between 2007-2013. Arlene Phillips on IMDB. Arlene Phillips on Wikipedia.
- 2013-11-06 / Loose Women
- 2013-03-05 / Loose Women
- 2012-12-03 / Loose Women
- 2012-10-12 / Loose Women
- 2012-05-02 / Loose Women
- 2011-12-19 / Loose Women
- 2011-07-11 / Loose Women
- 2010-11-01 / Ask Rhod Gilbert
- 2010-07-23 / Loose Women
- 2010-06-25 / Loose Women
- 2010-06-24 / Loose Women
- 2010-06-15 / Loose Women
- 2010-06-09 / Loose Women
- 2010-06-07 / Loose Women
- 2010-05-24 / Loose Women
- 2010-04-16 / Loose Women
- 2010-04-15 / Loose Women
- 2010-03-16 / Loose Women
- 2009-10-16 / Have I Got News For You
- 2008-12-04 / Never Mind The Buzzcocks
- 2008-11-13 / Loose Women
- 2007-04-02 / Loose Women


Compiled by Karlheinz Mörth
In collaboration with Tarek Eltayeb
To query the dictionary go here .
To obtain concise information on the dictionary go here .


for
statement parameters inside the body of a for
loop.
While occasionally intended, this construct can be confusing, and is often the result of a typo, or wrong variable being used.
Example:
for (String s : list) { // Warning: s is changed inside the loop s = s.trim(); System.out.println("String: " + s); }
A quick-fix is suggested to declare a new variable:
for (String s : list) { String trimmed = s.trim(); System.out.println("String: " + trimmed); }
Assignments in basic for
loops without an update statement are not reported.
In these cases the assignment is probably intended and can't be easily moved to the update part of the for
loop.
Example:
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); ) { if (element.equals(list.get(i))) { list.remove(i); } else { // modification of for loop parameter is not reported // as there's no update statement i++; } }
Use the checkbox below to specify whether modifications of enhanced for
loop parameter
should be reported by this inspection.


In the beginning, people had nothing.
Their bodies ached, and their hearts held nothing but hatred.
They fought endlessly, but death never came.
They despaired, stuck in the eternal quagmire.
A man offered a serpent to the sun and prayed for salvation.
A woman offered a reed to the sun and asked for joy.
Feeling pity for the sadness that had over run the earth,
God was born from those two people.
God made time and divided it into day and night.
God outlined the road to salvation and gave people joy.
And God took endless time away from the people.
God created beings to lead people in obedience to Her.
The red God, Xuchilbara, the yellow God, Lobsel Vith,
many Gods and angels.
Finally God set out to create Paradise, where people
would be happy just by being there.
But then God's strength ran out, and she collapsed.
All the world's people grieved this unfortunate event,
yet God breathed Her last.
She returned to the dust, promising to come again.
So God hasn't been lost.
We must offer our prayers and not forget our faith.
We wait in hope for the day when the Path to Paradise
will be opened.
From Silent Hill 3


?UNITED
STATES
NATIONAL
HERBARIUM
PLANTS
OF
DOMINICAN
REPUBLIC
Gentianaceae
Lisianthius
domingensis
Urb.
Det.
P.
Acevedo-Rdgz.,
2003
Provincia
La
Vega:
Reserva
Científica
Ebano
Verde.
Moist
cloud
forest
with
continuous
tradewinds,
dominated
by
Magnolia
pallescens
and
Shefflera
trémula.
2237
m.
18°46'27.12"N
70°38'24.7194"W.
Highly
disturbed
forest,
dense
and
difficult
to
walk.
Large
areas
covered
with
Gleichenia
and
Arthrostylidium/Chusquea?.
Erect
herb
25-33
cm
tall,
with
pseudo-dichotomous
branching;
flowers
pendent;
calyx
green;
corolla
yellow.
P.
Acevedo-Rdgz.
12618
28
May
2003
With:
J.E.
Rawlins,
G.W.
Young,
R.L.
Davidson
&
C.
Nufiez
Supported
by
funds
from
the
Smithsonian
Institution
and
the
National
Science
Foundation
1624634
Legend -
Level of confidence that token is an accurately-transcribed word
extremely low
very low
low
undetermined
medium
high
very high


Layers Adapter Test Client
This message is send from LAS2peer Server:
waiting for LAS2peer to respond..
This is a method of the Cloud Video Transcoder Service:
This is a demonstration of how to use the Layers Adapter to login to a LAS2peer application and the ClViTra service. It uses the Layers OpenId Connect server for authentication and user creation.
This message is send from LAS2peer Server:
This is a method of the Cloud Video Transcoder Service:


Initially no options are passed to the :in-viewport selector.
Hence all visible div(s) are light grey coloured.
onscroll, in-viewport is called with tolerance as 100
and debug as true for the div with class `js-hook` ie the 2nd div.
Therefore 2nd div turns light grey only when it is inside tolerance area.
2
3
4


India allows telecoms firms to defer spectrum payments
India will allow mobile operators to defer payments due for airwave capacity bought via auction until the end of March 2022, finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman said late on Wednesday.
NEW DELHI: India will allow mobile operators to defer payments due for airwave capacity bought via auction until the end of March 2022, finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman said late on Wednesday.
The decision of Prime Minister Narendra Modi's cabinet provides some respite to wireless carriers which are due to pay the country's telecoms department at least 920 billion rupees (US$12.82 billion) in overdue levies and interest following a court ruling.
(US$1 = 71.7430 Indian rupees)
(Reporting by Sankalp Phartiyal; Editing by Kirsten Donovan)


Field Trip: NY Hurling Classic comes to Citi Field
by Ryan FieldThere's a different kind of wooden bat coming to Citi Field this weekend.
The popular Irish sport of hurling is in town for the 'New York Hurling Classic,' a four-team, three-game tournament on Saturday, November 16. Limerick will defend the Players Champions Cup, having won the 2018 Fenway Hurling Classic, with Wexford, Tipperary, and Kilkenny also competing.
Hurling, widely believed to be the world's oldest field game, is an ancient warrior sport that dates all the way back to 1272 BC. It combines agility, strength and intensity, earning it the reputation as the "fastest game on grass" among its loyal and passionate followers.
Imagine a cross between lacrosse and field hockey. You get three points for a goal, and you pass the sliotar (ball) with the hurley (wooden stick). The sliotar can be caught in the hand and carried for not more than four steps, struck in the air, or struck on the ground with the hurl. It can be kicked, or slapped with an open hand (the hand pass) for short-range passing. A player who wants to carry the ball for more than four steps has to bounce or balance the sliotar on the end of the stick, and the ball can only be handled twice while in his possession.
Long story short, it's a lot harder than it looks, as Ryan Field found out in the latest Field Trip.


def fib x
return x if x < 2
fib(x - 1) + fib(x - 2)
end
/**
* Create a new array of doubles that is a copy of
* a given array.
* @param source the array that is to be copied; the
* value can be null
* @return a copy of source; if source is null, then
* the return value is also null
*/
public static double[] copy( double[] source ) {
if ( source == null )
return null;
double[] cpy; // A copy of the source array.
cpy = new double[source.length];
System.arraycopy( source, 0, cpy, 0, source.length );
return cpy;
}


Chapter 11 readr
11.1 Overview
The goal of readr is to provide a fast and friendly way to read rectangular data (like csv, tsv, and fwf). It is designed to flexibly parse many types of data found in the wild, while still cleanly failing when data unexpectedly changes. If you are new to readr, the best place to start is the data import chapter in R for data science.
11.2 Installation
# The easiest way to get readr is to install the whole tidyverse:
install.packages("tidyverse")
# Alternatively, install just readr:
install.packages("readr")
# Or the the development version from GitHub:
# install.packages("devtools")
devtools::install_github("tidyverse/readr")
11.3 Usage
readr is part of the core tidyverse, so load it with:
library(tidyverse)
#> ── Attaching packages ─── tidyverse 1.2.1 ──
#> ✔ ggplot2 <IP_ADDRESS>00 ✔ purrr 0.2.4
#> ✔ tibble 1.4.2 ✔ dplyr 0.7.4
#> ✔ tidyr 0.8.0 ✔ stringr 1.3.0
#> ✔ readr 1.1.1 ✔ forcats 0.3.0
#> ── Conflicts ────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
#> ✖ dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
#> ✖ dplyr::lag() masks stats::lag()
To accurately read a rectangular dataset with readr you combine two pieces: a function that parses the overall file, and a column specification. The column specification describes how each column should be converted from a character vector to the most appropriate data type, and in most cases it’s not necessary because readr will guess it for you automatically.
readr supports seven file formats with seven read_
functions:
read_csv()
: comma separated (CSV) filesread_tsv()
: tab separated filesread_delim()
: general delimited filesread_fwf()
: fixed width filesread_table()
: tabular files where colums are separated by white-space.read_log()
: web log files
In many cases, these functions will just work: you supply the path to a file and you get a tibble back. The following example loads a sample file bundled with readr:
mtcars <- read_csv(readr_example("mtcars.csv"))
#> Parsed with column specification:
#> cols(
#> mpg = col_double(),
#> cyl = col_integer(),
#> disp = col_double(),
#> hp = col_integer(),
#> drat = col_double(),
#> wt = col_double(),
#> qsec = col_double(),
#> vs = col_integer(),
#> am = col_integer(),
#> gear = col_integer(),
#> carb = col_integer()
#> )
Note that readr prints the column specification. This is useful because it allows you to check that the columns have been read in as you expect, and if they haven’t, you can easily copy and paste into a new call:
mtcars <- read_csv(readr_example("mtcars.csv"), col_types =
cols(
mpg = col_double(),
cyl = col_integer(),
disp = col_double(),
hp = col_integer(),
drat = col_double(),
vs = col_integer(),
wt = col_double(),
qsec = col_double(),
am = col_integer(),
gear = col_integer(),
carb = col_integer()
)
)
vignette("readr")
gives more detail on how readr guesses the column types, how you can override the defaults, and provides some useful tools for debugging parsing problems.
11.4 Alternatives
There are two main alternatives to readr: base R and data.table’s fread()
. The most important differences are discussed below.
11.4.1 Base R
Compared to the corresponding base functions, readr functions:
Use a consistent naming scheme for the parameters (e.g.
col_names
andcol_types
notheader
andcolClasses
).Are much faster (up to 10x).
Leave strings as is by default, and automatically parse common date/time formats.
Have a helpful progress bar if loading is going to take a while.
All functions work exactly the same way regardless of the current locale. To override the US-centric defaults, use
locale()
.
11.4.2 data.table and fread()
data.table has a function similar to read_csv()
called fread. Compared to fread, readr functions:
Are slower (currently ~1.2-2x slower. If you want absolutely the best performance, use
data.table::fread()
.Use a slightly more sophisticated parser, recognising both doubled (
""""
) and backslash escapes ("\""
), and can produce factors and date/times directly.Forces you to supply all parameters, where
fread()
saves you work by automatically guessing the delimiter, whether or not the file has a header, and how many lines to skip.Are built on a different underlying infrastructure. Readr functions are designed to be quite general, which makes it easier to add support for new rectangular data formats.
fread()
is designed to be as fast as possible.
11.5 Acknowledgements
Thanks to:
Joe Cheng for showing me the beauty of deterministic finite automata for parsing, and for teaching me why I should write a tokenizer.
JJ Allaire for helping me come up with a design that makes very few copies, and is easy to extend.
Dirk Eddelbuettel for coming up with the name!
Please note that this project is released with a Contributor Code of Conduct. By participating in this project you agree to abide by its terms.


--- layout: post status: publish published: true title: "雨很美,夜很靓,花很香" author: Leask author_login: leask author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>author_url: https://leaskh.com wordpress_id: 643 wordpress_url: http://leaskh.wordpress.com/2005/11/05/%e9%9b%a8%e5%be%88%e7%be%8e%e5%a4%9c%e5%be%88%e9%9d%93%e8%8a%b1%e5%be%88%e9%a6%99 date: '2005-11-05 18:41:36 +0800' date_gmt: '2005-11-05 18:41:36 +0800' categories: - Life tags: [] comments: - id: 129 author: Leask author_email: '' author_url: '' date: '2005-11-06 03:49:30 +0800' date_gmt: '2005-11-06 03:49:30 +0800' content: "最近比较喜欢做梦" - id: 130 author: Unknown author_email: '' author_url: '' date: '2005-11-06 02:46:09 +0800' date_gmt: '2005-11-06 02:46:09 +0800' content: "梦境好美，但与实际相差好远好远！" ---


Roundtrip
One Way
Multy-City
Flying From
Flying To
Departing
Returning
Adults
Children
Travel Class
Economy Class
Business Class
Show Flights


getAll(path: string, requestOptions?: RequestOptions): Observable< T[] >
The method of the generated data-service calls directly genese-angular getAll() method which is getting an array of objects from backend and which maps it with the type T[] (in this example, T = Book)
Open your navigator console. In the tab "Network", you'll find the data received from the getAll() request. In the tab "Console", you'll can compare these original data with the formatted objects sent as Observable by genese-angular. As you can see, genese-angular formatted the returned object with "Book" type.


How To Grow Musk Melon Crop
Introduction
Muskmelon (Kharbooj) is an vital crop grown in India. Muskmelons (Cucumis melo L. Reticulatus Group) own a fruit rind that's netted. The muskmelon is a member of the Cucurbitaceae (cucumber) family, which additionally consists of cucumbers, watermelons, and honeydew, Persian, casaba, and Crenshaw melons.
Soil and climate conditions
Climate Conditions:
Muskmelon plant life flourish properly below heat weather and can not tolerate frost. The most advantageous temperature for germination of the seed is 27-30oC. With the growth in temperature, the plant life entire their vegetative increase in advance. Stormy climate especially dirt typhoon in the course of flowering reduces fruit setting. Dry climate with clean sunshine in the course of ripening guarantees a excessive sugar content material, higher flavour and a excessive percent of marketable end result. High humidity will increase the prevalence of diseases, especially the ones affecting foliage. Cool nights and heat days are perfect for accumulation of sugars withinside the end result.
Soil Conditions
A properly-tired loamy soil is preferred. Lighter soils which heat up fast in spring are commonly applied for early yields, and in heavier soils, the vine increase can be greater and fruit adulthood can be delayed. Sandy river beds with alluvial substrata and subterranean moisture of river streams guide its increase. In fact, the lengthy faucet root machine is customized to the increase of this crop in river beds. The soil ought to now no longer crack in summer time season and water ought to now no longer stagnate. It is vital that soil ought to be fertile properly supplied with natural matter. Muskmelon is touchy to acidic soils. The crop can not be grown efficaciously under pH of five.five. It prefers a soil pH among 6.zero and 7.zero. Alkaline soils with excessive salt attention also are now no longer suitable.
Cultivation
Muskmelon is likewise referred to as Kharbuj, Cantaloupe, and Honeydew. Muskmelons are a heat-season fruit.it incorporates approximately 90% of water and 9rbohydrates. in India muskmelon, developing states consist of Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh Maharashtra, and Andhra Pradesh. muskmelon is the fruit especifically regarded for its excessive water content material and muskmelon no exception. This is one of the many vegetation and end result that you have to eat in warm days and notably or in particular in summer time season days. It is one of the end result which assist you triumph over dehydration way to his first rate water retention capability.
Sowing
Prepare beds 4m huge for Hara Madhu and 3m for others. Sow seeds in line with hill on each facets of beds at a distance of 60 cm among hills. Early crop raised from seedlings grown in polythene luggage matures 15-20 days in advance than immediately seeded crop. The polythene luggage of 15 cm x 10 cm length and 100-gauge thickness punched at the bottom ought to be full of a combination of soil and properly-rotten farmyard manure in same proportions or with soil, properly-rotten farm backyard manure and silt in same proportions while soil is sandy. Five to 6 kg. Bags are required to elevate seedlings for an acre.The seed ought to be sown withinside the luggage withinside the final week of January or withinside the first week of February. Seedlings ought to be included from bloodless winds. The luggage ought to be located close to the wall going through the sun. The seeds ought to now no longer be sown deeper than 1.five cm. After sowing, water ought to be carried out every day withinside the afternoon, ideally with a sprinkling can. Transplanting ought to be performed through the quit of February or through the primary week of March while the seedlings are 25-30 days vintage and feature proper leaves.
Irrigation
During summer time season, irrigate the crop each week. At the time of fruit adulthood, water ought to accept while it's miles vital. The over-flooding of the sphere ought to be avoided. In no case, water ought to be allowed to are available touch with end result. Depending on soil kind and climate conditions
Choice and Preparation of descendent:
Choose the tree of scion form of alternative for propagation. Collect healthy, 3-4 months old, matured shoots of 15-20 cm length that have dormant terminal or aspect buds on them. every shoot forms a scion stick and may be used for grafting. offer 2 downward slant cuts (4 - six cm long) on opposite sides at the lower finish of the scion stick with build it wedge shaped.
Grafting:
For epicotyl grafting, uproot the seed plant beside stone, from the the bed before the leaves expand and kill it at the peak of 8-10 cm.Make a cleft of 4-6 cm deep within the middle of the headless stem by giving a downward longitudinal cut. currently insert the wedge of the descendent in to the cleft of the foundation stock in such approach that the cambium of the scion and root stock are available good contact with every other.Tie the graft joint firmly with 1.5 cm wide and thirty cm long synthetic resin strip of one hundred gauge thickness. Plant the tied grafts in topolythene bag of 3Ocm X twenty cm size of three hundred gauge with evacuation holes and full of potting mixture of soil, sand and rubbish in 2:1:1 proportion.Water the bagged grafts thoroughly.Planting in bag has got to be tired such approach that graft joint remains on top of the soil level within the synthetic resin bag
Fertilizer
Apply 10 to fifteen tonnes of farmyard manure, 50 kg of N (one hundred ten kg of Urea), 25 kg of P205(one hundred fifty five kg of Single Superphosphate) and 25 kg. of K20, (forty kg of Muriate of Potash) in line with acre to the immediately seeded crop. The farmyard manure ought to be introduced 10-15 days earlier than sowing. Whole P2O5 and K2O at the side of one-0.33 of N ought to be carried out in parallel bands forty five cm apart, and the channel ought to be organized in among the fertilizer bands, earlier than the sowing of seeds. The closing dose of nitrogen ought to be carried out to the vines close to the bottom (however now no longer touching it) and ought to be combined with the soil in the course of the early a part of the developing season to make certain the most early increase, early fruit set, and early adulthood.
Diseases occurred in crop:
| Name of Disease | Caused by | Symptoms | Management |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alternaria leaf blight | Fungus | Small, yellow-brown spots with a yellow or green halo which first appear on the oldest leaves; as the disease progresses, lesions expand and becone large necrotic patches, often with concentric patternation; lesions coalesce, leaves begin to curl and eventually die | Cucurbits should be rotated with another crop every 2 years to reduce levels of inoculum; crop debris should be removed from the field as quickly as possible after harvest or plowed deeply into the soil; applications of appropriate protective fungicides can help to slow the development of the disease; water plants from the base rather than from above to reduce periods of leaf wetness which are conducive to the development and spread of disease. |
| Anthracnose | Fungus | Lesions on fruit and leaves which may develop salmon pink spore masses during periods of wet weather. | Rotate crops with non-cucurbits every 1-2 years to prevent disease build-up; plant only disease free, treated seed. |
| Powdery mildew | Bacteria | Wilting of individual runners or entire plant; leaves and stems of affected parts turn dark green; wilting is irreversible; affected parts turn necrotic. | Control cucumber beetle populations on plants; hand pick adult beetles and destroy; soil and foliar application of appropriate insecticides may help to control populations. |
| Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus | Virus | The symptoms generally appear on the older leaves first. Initially the symptom appears as chlorotic spotting which leads to intervenial chlorosis and followed by severe yellowing. The infected leaves may roll upward and become brittle. Also the infected plant may appear stunted | Grow virus free and whiteflies free seed materials. During the growing season use yellow sticky traps to monitor and control whiteflies. Remove the infected plants and burn them. Keep the field free from weeds. In case severe infestation of whiteflies, use suitable insecticides. After a growing season remove the crop debris, volunteer plants and destroy them |
Musk Melon Harvest and Yielding
The fruits of Hara Madhu ought to be harvested once it flips yellow. alternative varieties should be picked at a mature inexperienced stage for distant selling and at ‘half slip’ stage for the native market. To avoid fruit-rot throughout development and maturity, turn the fruits, notably once rain or flooding when the soil is wet. Place dry grass below the fruits or place the fruits on the vines themselves.


The accordion component allows the user to expand or contract blocks of content. It allows for progressive disclosure — highlighting important details of a section and revealing more details upon a tap or click, if necessary. As a result, the design stays focused and displays critical information first, while everything else is easily accessible.
<hc-accordion [triggerAlign]="alignment" [hideToolbar]="showToolbar">
<hc-accordion-toolbar>Toolbar</hc-accordion-toolbar>
Accordion content
</hc-accordion>
import { AccordionModule } from '@healthcatalyst/cashmere';
@NgModule({
imports: [
...,
AccordionModule,
],
declarations: [...],
exports: [..]
})
export class SomeModule { }
| triggerAlign | Type:'left' | 'right' (default: 'left') | Placement of the toolbar button |
|---|---|---|
| hideToolbar | Type: Boolean | Show/Hide the accordion toolbar |
| open | Type: Boolean | Set accordion opened state |
| opened | Accordion is in the open state |
|---|---|
| openStart | Accordion is beginning to open |
| closed | Accordion is in close state |
| closeStart | Accordion is beginning to close |


This game was made for /r/WebGames game jam themed "gravity". This was the very first idea that came to my mind and I had the first playable version up and running within half an hour of reading the theme. The game is slightly different on different window aspect ratios - feel free to resize the window to see what feels the best.
This project is dedicated to the public domain under the Unlicense, which means that anyone "is free to copy, modify, publish, use, compile, sell, or distribute this software, either in source code form or as a compiled binary, for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial, and by any means".
Get to the bottom of the screen without hitting obstacles to advance to next level.
Move mouse to control the direction of your fall.
Click to boost toward the cursor. (costs 500 points)
You get a number of points at the start of each level and lose points as you spend time, so try to be quick!
[close]


Becasue technology is so integrated into our lives, I see having the ability to control that technology as a superpower. I love the process of imagining an idea, figuring out how to approach the problem, working through bugs, and feeling the immense accomplishment of carrying out a project from start to finish. I am specifically interested in technologies that can create immersive, entertaining experiences.
Contributed to more than half of PlayStation’s 20+ web microservices. Architected, designed, and implemented a 3rd party integrated service that provides a bridge between users and games. Focused on web and mobile based remote control of the PS5 gaming console. Surprisingly responsible for running all SCRUM ceremonies other than planning, including removing blockers. Onboarded last two new hires. Initiated and executed all post covid team bonding events.
Researched current state of the art in immersive social gaming experiences. Member of a seven-person team developing a platform that reimagined how people play games virtually. Contributed to game design. Programmed graphic effects and animations. Implemented multiplayer functionality. Integrated game into the larger platform.
An innovative platform that brings healthy gaming to every household by developing a web-based motion tracking system that requires only standard computer hardware. One of the two founding members of our 12-person team, including 4 engineers utilizing our Unreal based proprietary development environment. Core asset is intellectual property around computationally efficient methods that makes this experience accessible. Beta version currently available here.
DDeveloped test automation tools for next-generation routing products, increased code coverage from 82 to 86 percent.
Lead the implementation of Black Girls CODE Summer Camp curriculum, teaching 25-30 young women ages 13-17. Taught basic programming concepts with python and scratch. Used Raspberry Pis to control cameras, LEDs, buttons, and Sense Hats. This picture is a representation of the code I wrote for a maze game on a Sense Hat. The code was created to be easily readable and editable for the girls at the summer camp. They use my code as a starting point for their final projects. My code can be found here.
Coordinated 3 hackathons over the course of a year - running for 60 hours, raising 40,000+, and catering to more than 400 university students. Operations - designed hacker experience, scheduled mentors, organized workshops Outreach - Managed social media, promoted event, created social media challenges Sponsorship (current team) - Contacting companies with the goal of raising 70,000+
Taught JS Processing to students from 2nd to 9th grade at multiple schools. Teaching environments ranged from one on one interactions to presentations in front of a classroom. Developed curriculum, designed educational presentations, and created lesson plans for educators. As the head of curriculum development, I work with many team members to create curriculum to teach JS Processing and I am in charge of the final product. Here is the Curriculum. I created.
Conceptualized, choreographed, performed, and implemented a mixed reality dance film. Utilized skinning, quaternions, interpolation, and mocap with OpenGL and C++ to bring my vision to life.
Built a motion controlled virtual reality character in Unity. Made one experience with a motion capture suit and another with a Kinect camera to determine which type of motion tracking technology would be best.
Created filter where specified body parts leave trails of color. Programmed in C++ and OpenGL. Integrated motion capture suit. Made a music video to demonstrate the program’s capabilities.
One of 5 developers who created a 2.5D puzzle game for an educational workshop to teach physics. Premise: After realizing that the spaceship has run out of fuel, the player lands on an asteroid to collect fuel. They must use physics knowledge and experiment with various aspects of motion to gather fuel crystals.
Implemented collection system, tile map, and boss for Unity 2D platformer game. Premise: In a world where mutated plants are endangering lives everywhere, it is up to the brave farmer to save the saplings that have not yet turned and bring them back to the farm to nurture.
Developed an AI to recognize effort qualities in human movement. Created custom data set of 400 videos, used OpenPose to convert into data, and TensorFlow to train AI to categorize the data into movement quality.
Integrated the Google Maps API to create automatically generated routes based on certain, user criteria.
Developed algorithms to translate the data given by Google Cloud’s natural language processing API into searchable phrases.
Created a program to graph the relationships between certain environmental factors and corresponding water contamination in Santa Cruz beaches as a final project for Multivariable Calculus. Our website can be found here.
Won first place with an Android App, Dough Nut, that uses a picture analyzing API to teach money-management skills to young Adults. The whole project can be found on you Devpost page here.
Relevant Courses: Computer Graphics | Mixed Reality | Algorithms | Programming Languages | Data Structures | Systems Programming | Discrete Structures | Computer Organization | Object-Oriented Programming | Computer Security | Computer Science – Python | Data Structures | Calculus 3 | Linear Algebra | Technical Writing | Public Speaking
Awards/Honors: Top Math Student Graduating Class | Presidential Community Service Award (2016 and 2017) | NCWIT Award for Aspirations in Computing (2016-Runner Up, 2017-Winner)
Senior Capstone Project / Computer Science for All: Created curriculum for and ran a seminar at Pacific Collegiate Charter and Scotts Valley Middle School. Promoted computer science as a tool necessary for every student Final Presentation.
Conceived, organized, and lead this highly successful hackathon/ design competition for two consecutive years. Raised a combined total of 12,000+. These ultimately benefited well over 200 7th-12th graders in the Santa Cruz Area. Connected innovative companies like Samsung and Hyperloop One with teens, inspiring them to use technology to be leaders and changemakers. More information about the event can be found here. SCTECH has been in the News! Santa Cruz Teen Entrepreneur Challenge taking signups for Saturday. Apps for teaching, mental health, refugees are winners at Santa Cruz Teen Entrepreneur Challenge SCTECH 2017 offers hands-on STEM experience for students in grades 7-12
Campus Officer - Developing events - study sessions, workshops, technical talks - to create a healthy and supportive community for women in computer science fields. Community Officer - Planning off-campus events to inspire the next generation of computer science students. WISH Website.
Taught computer science in multiple 2nd grade classrooms twice a week, during the spring of 2016. Used a mixture of Kodable’s curriculum and my own ideas to excite young students about computer science. Promoted gender equality and diversity by showing the versatility of technology and making it relevant to all types of students.


Element borders setup
Method 1
Attribute "border"
Method 1
Method 2
Block-container
Method 2
Method 3
Blocks as borders
Method 3


--- layout: post title: ">First impressions of SCRUM" date: 2008-10-23 22:09:00.000000000 +02:00 categories: - SCRUM tags: [] status: publish type: post published: true meta: blogger_blog: andreasohlund.blogspot.com blogger_permalink: "/2008/10/first-impressions-of-scrum.html" author: login: andreas.ohlund email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>display_name: Andreas Öhlund first_name: Andreas last_name: "Öhlund" ---
>
We are nearing the end of the first sprint of my first "real" SCRUM -project (we have used some agile practices in previous projects but this one is the first one run "by the book") It's really fascinating to see how all the small "tricks" and practices used in SCRUM really can help to increase understanding, highlight problems within the team etc.
I'd like to share some of the lessons we learned so far.
Lesson 1: Don't assume that everyone understands the scope of user stories
During our first sprint planning the team was estimating user stories but we had a hard time reaching consensus about the size of the stories (we were estimating using planning poker). As it turned out the stories where poorly described (just a name) and our product owner had a hard time explaining the stories to the team. Fortunately one of the SCRUM "tricks" saved us, namely the:
"each story should contain a description on how it will be demonstrated at the sprint demo"-trick.
It was amazing to realize how much that describing how a story should be demonstrated helped in clarifying to the team what it was all about. Just to give you an example think of the following story:
As an administrator I want to add users so that people can get access to the system
Reading the story you might envision some shiny UI to add users, verifying user information etc. Does your vision change if I add:
Steps to demo: Run SQL-script to add user "John Doe" with password "12345", make sure that the new user can log in using the specified credentials.
Ok, that's what I thought!
So make sure that you specify "how to demo" for your user stories!
Lesson 2: Done means DONE!
Now that we are nearing the end of the first sprint the practice of shoving a demo of the system for our customer really makes sure the stories to be demonstrated are really done! Traditionally the devs would report a feature as done and we would move on to new features. This would lead a increasing amount of hidden bugs that would accumulate during the project and surface during acceptance testing. Forcing us to demo new features continuously combined with the rule that all stories should be signed of by a "tester" before considered done will hopefully help us to find bugs early , improve quality and save us from nasty surprises during acceptance testing.
Well, SCRUM looks promising so far!
My colleague Åsa has also written some thoughts about the same project over at her blog (in Swedish)


{% extends "master.html" %} {% block title %}Alerts{% endblock %} {% block content %}
Click on the relevant alert for further details
In an emergency, dial 911 or your local emergency number immediately.
Location Found


This table contains entries for growth hormone receptors and related cytokine receptors for a few representative organisms from the UniProt databases, with links to view the original protein entries.
|
|
UniProt entry
|
Protein name |
Organism |
|
Growth hormone receptor |
Growth hormone receptor (GHR) |
Homo
sapiens |
|
|
|
Growth hormone receptor (GHR) |
Bos Taurus Bovine |
|
|
|
Growth
hormone receptor (GHR) |
Gallus gallus Chicken |
|
|
|
Growth hormone receptor (GHR) |
Columbia livia Domestic pigeon |
|
|
|
Growth
hormone receptor (GHR) |
Macaca mulatta Rhesus macaque |
|
|
|
Growth hormone receptor (GHR) |
Mus musculus Mouse |
|
|
|
Growth
hormone receptor (GHR) |
Sus scrofa Pig |
|
|
|
Growth hormone receptor (GHR) |
Oryctlagus cuniculuc Rabbit |
|
|
|
Growth
hormone receptor (GHR) |
Rattus norvegicus Rat |
|
|
|
Growth hormone receptor (GHR) |
Ovis aries Sheep |
|
|
Other cytokine receptors |
Thrombopoietin receptor (TPO-R) |
Homo sapiens |
|
|
|
Erythropoietin receptor (EPO-R) |
Homo sapiens |
|
|
|
Prolactin
receptor (PRL-R) |
Homo sapiens |
|
|
|
Leptin receptor (LEP-R) |
Homo sapiens |
|
|
|
Interleukin-2
receptor gamma chain (IL-2R) |
Homo sapiens |
|
|
|
Granulocyte colony stimulating factor receptor (G-CSF-R) |
Homo sapiens |
|
|
|
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor
alpha chain (GM-CSF-Ra) |
Homo sapiens |
|
|
|
Ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor alpha
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Homo sapiens |


Bulma offers a handful of helper classes for determining your basic page layout.
--- title: Page layout: documentation doc-tab: layout doc-subtab: page breadcrumb: - home - documentation - layout - layout-page --- {% capture page_example %}
Bulma offers a handful of helper classes for determining your basic page layout.
The page
and main
classes can be used to ensure that your footer remains "stuck" to the bottom of the page, regardless of how much vertical space is taken up by other elements on the page.
Apply the page
class to an HTML element that encompasses the entire page, including the footer; apply the main
class to an element that encompases everything but the footer.


Used the shape by Matt Hopkins on is pen "bits" simply applied to a particle generator. Others: ball and chain rock paper scissors


[gecode-users] Repeated branchings
Malcolm Ryan
malcolmr at cse.unsw.edu.au
Fri Jan 23 01:09:55 CET 2009
As I understand it, you can add multiple Branchings to a Space which
will each be used in turn until each is satisfied. Is that correct?
Are they applied in the order that they are added? If a Branching's
status() returns false, is it permanently removed from the Space, or
it is just dormant until its status() becomes true again.
I ask, because in my problem I have several different sets of
variables and it would make my code much neater if I could have
separate Branchings which handle each set, and which are applied
alternately.
I don't suppose it would be too hard to write a meta-Branching which
implemented this behaviour, but I thought I'd check what the standard
behaviour is exactly before I go to the effort, and I can't find it
documented anywhere.
Malcolm
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| Driver ID | First Name | Last Name | Phone Number |
|---|---|---|---|
| {{single_driver_detail["idDriver"]}} | {{single_driver_detail["FirstName"]}} | {{single_driver_detail["LastName"]}} | {{single_driver_detail["PhoneNumber"]}} |
| Job ID | Job Title | Status | From Location | To Location | Creation Time | Closed Time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Rules
This program will count up to your number with the following exceptions:
- Numbers divisible by 3 become "ping"
- Numbers divisible by 5 become "pong"
- Numbers divisible by 15 become "pingpong"
The History of Ping Pong
Like most other sports, table tennis had humble beginnings as a “parlor game,” open to anyone with access to a table, paddle, and ball. The game began in the 1880s, when lawn tennis players adapted their game to play indoors during the winter. Ping-Pong is a trademark name for table tennis and associated equipment. The name “Ping-Pong” was invented by the English firm J. Jaques and Son at the end of the 1800s and later trademarked in the United States by Parker Brothers, the board game company. The game quickly caught on, and as early as 1901, tournaments were being conducted with over 300 participants. The Ping-Pong Association was formed but was renamed The Table Tennis Association in 1922.