zoo.feature.text package¶
Submodules¶
zoo.feature.text.text_feature module¶
-
class
zoo.feature.text.text_feature.
TextFeature
(text=None, label=None, uri=None, jvalue=None, bigdl_type='float')[source]¶ Bases:
bigdl.util.common.JavaValue
Each TextFeature keeps information of a single text record. It can include various status (if any) of a text, e.g. original text content, uri, category label, tokens, index representation of tokens, BigDL Sample representation, prediction result and so on.
-
get_label
()[source]¶ Get the label of the TextFeature. If no label is stored, -1 will be returned.
Returns: Int
-
get_sample
()[source]¶ Get the Sample representation of the TextFeature. If the TextFeature hasn’t been transformed to Sample, None will be returned.
Returns: BigDL Sample
-
get_tokens
()[source]¶ Get the tokens of the TextFeature. If text hasn’t been segmented, None will be returned.
Returns: List of String
-
zoo.feature.text.text_set module¶
-
class
zoo.feature.text.text_set.
DistributedTextSet
(texts=None, labels=None, jvalue=None, bigdl_type='float')[source]¶ Bases:
zoo.feature.text.text_set.TextSet
DistributedTextSet is comprised of RDDs.
-
class
zoo.feature.text.text_set.
LocalTextSet
(texts=None, labels=None, jvalue=None, bigdl_type='float')[source]¶ Bases:
zoo.feature.text.text_set.TextSet
LocalTextSet is comprised of lists.
-
class
zoo.feature.text.text_set.
TextSet
(jvalue, bigdl_type='float', *args)[source]¶ Bases:
bigdl.util.common.JavaValue
TextSet wraps a set of texts with status.
-
classmethod
from_relation_lists
(relations, corpus1, corpus2, bigdl_type='float')[source]¶ Used to generate a TextSet for ranking.
This method does the following: 1. For each id1 in relations, find the list of id2 with corresponding label that comes together with id1. In other words, group relations by id1. 2. Join with corpus to transform each id to indexedTokens. Note: Make sure that the corpus has been transformed by SequenceShaper and WordIndexer. 3. For each list, generate a TextFeature having Sample with: - feature of shape (list_length, text1_length + text2_length). - label of shape (list_length, 1).
Parameters: - relations – List or RDD of Relation.
- corpus1 – TextSet that contains all id1 in relations. For each TextFeature in corpus1,
text must have been transformed to indexedTokens of the same length. :param corpus2: TextSet that contains all id2 in relations. For each TextFeature in corpus2, text must have been transformed to indexedTokens of the same length. Note that if relations is a list, then corpus1 and corpus2 must both be LocalTextSet. If relations is RDD, then corpus1 and corpus2 must both be DistributedTextSet.
Returns: TextSet.
-
classmethod
from_relation_pairs
(relations, corpus1, corpus2, bigdl_type='float')[source]¶ Used to generate a TextSet for pairwise training.
This method does the following: 1. Generate all RelationPairs: (id1, id2Positive, id2Negative) from Relations. 2. Join RelationPairs with corpus to transform id to indexedTokens. Note: Make sure that the corpus has been transformed by SequenceShaper and WordIndexer. 3. For each pair, generate a TextFeature having Sample with: - feature of shape (2, text1Length + text2Length). - label of value [1 0] as the positive relation is placed before the negative one.
Parameters: - relations – List or RDD of Relation.
- corpus1 – TextSet that contains all id1 in relations. For each TextFeature in corpus1,
text must have been transformed to indexedTokens of the same length. :param corpus2: TextSet that contains all id2 in relations. For each TextFeature in corpus2, text must have been transformed to indexedTokens of the same length. Note that if relations is a list, then corpus1 and corpus2 must both be LocalTextSet. If relations is RDD, then corpus1 and corpus2 must both be DistributedTextSet.
Returns: TextSet.
-
generate_sample
()[source]¶ Generate BigDL Sample. Need to word2idx first. See TextFeatureToSample for more details.
Returns: TextSet with Samples.
-
generate_word_index_map
(remove_topN=0, max_words_num=-1, min_freq=1, existing_map=None)[source]¶ Generate word_index map based on sorted word frequencies in descending order. Return the result dictionary, which can also be retrieved by ‘get_word_index()’. Make sure you call this after tokenize. Otherwise you will get an error. See word2idx for more details.
Returns: Dictionary {word: id}
-
get_labels
()[source]¶ Get the labels of a TextSet (if any). If a text doesn’t have a label, its corresponding position will be -1.
Returns: List of int for LocalTextSet. RDD of int for DistributedTextSet.
-
get_predicts
()[source]¶ Get the prediction results of a TextSet (if any). If a text hasn’t been predicted by a model, its corresponding position will be None.
Returns: List of list of numpy array for LocalTextSet. RDD of list of numpy array for DistributedTextSet.
-
get_samples
()[source]¶ Get the BigDL Sample representations of a TextSet (if any). If a text hasn’t been transformed to Sample, its corresponding position will be None.
Returns: List of Sample for LocalTextSet. RDD of Sample for DistributedTextSet.
-
get_texts
()[source]¶ Get the text contents of a TextSet.
Returns: List of String for LocalTextSet. RDD of String for DistributedTextSet.
-
get_uris
()[source]¶ Get the identifiers of a TextSet. If a text doesn’t have a uri, its corresponding position will be None.
Returns: List of String for LocalTextSet. RDD of String for DistributedTextSet.
-
get_word_index
()[source]¶ Get the word index dictionary of the TextSet. If the TextSet hasn’t been transformed from word to index, None will be returned.
Returns: Dictionary {word: id}
-
normalize
()[source]¶ Do normalization on tokens. Need to tokenize first. See Normalizer for more details.
Returns: TextSet after normalization.
-
random_split
(weights)[source]¶ Randomly split into list of TextSet with provided weights. Only available for DistributedTextSet for now.
Parameters: weights – List of float indicating the split portions.
-
classmethod
read
(path, sc=None, min_partitions=1, bigdl_type='float')[source]¶ Read text files with labels from a directory. The folder structure is expected to be the following: path |dir1 - text1, text2, … |dir2 - text1, text2, … |dir3 - text1, text2, … Under the target path, there ought to be N subdirectories (dir1 to dirN). Each subdirectory represents a category and contains all texts that belong to such category. Each category will be a given a label according to its position in the ascending order sorted among all subdirectories. All texts will be given a label according to the subdirectory where it is located. Labels start from 0.
Parameters: path – Folder path to texts. Local file system and HDFS are supported. If you want to read from HDFS, sc needs to be specified. :param sc: An instance of SparkContext. If specified, texts will be read as a DistributedTextSet. Default is None and in this case texts will be read as a LocalTextSet. :param min_partitions: Int. A suggestion value of the minimal partition number for input texts. Only need to specify this when sc is not None. Default is 1.
Returns: TextSet.
-
classmethod
read_csv
(path, sc=None, min_partitions=1, bigdl_type='float')[source]¶ Read texts with id from csv file. Each record is supposed to contain the following two fields in order: id(string) and text(string). Note that the csv file should be without header.
If sc is defined, read texts as DistributedTextSet from local file system or HDFS. If sc is None, read texts as LocalTextSet from local file system.
Parameters: path – The path to the csv file. Local file system and HDFS are supported. If you want to read from HDFS, sc needs to be specified. :param sc: An instance of SparkContext. If specified, texts will be read as a DistributedTextSet. Default is None and in this case texts will be read as a LocalTextSet. :param min_partitions: Int. A suggestion value of the minimal partition number for input texts. Only need to specify this when sc is not None. Default is 1.
Returns: TextSet.
-
classmethod
read_parquet
(path, sc, bigdl_type='float')[source]¶ Read texts with id from parquet file. Schema should be the following: “id”(string) and “text”(string).
Parameters: - path – The path to the parquet file.
- sc – An instance of SparkContext.
Returns: DistributedTextSet.
-
shape_sequence
(len, trunc_mode='pre', pad_element=0)[source]¶ Shape the sequence of indices to a fixed length. Need to word2idx first. See SequenceShaper for more details.
Returns: TextSet after sequence shaping.
-
to_distributed
(sc=None, partition_num=4)[source]¶ Convert to a DistributedTextSet.
Need to specify SparkContext to convert a LocalTextSet to a DistributedTextSet. In this case, you may also want to specify partition_num, the default of which is 4.
Returns: DistributedTextSet
-
tokenize
()[source]¶ Do tokenization on original text. See Tokenizer for more details.
Returns: TextSet after tokenization.
-
word2idx
(remove_topN=0, max_words_num=-1, min_freq=1, existing_map=None)[source]¶ Map word tokens to indices. Result index will start from 1 and corresponds to the occurrence frequency of each word sorted in descending order. Need to tokenize first. See WordIndexer for more details. After word2idx, you can get the generated wordIndex dict by calling ‘get_word_index()’.
Parameters: remove_topN – Non-negative int. Remove the topN words with highest frequencies in the case where those are treated as stopwords. Default is 0, namely remove nothing. :param max_words_num: Int. The maximum number of words to be taken into consideration. Default is -1, namely all words will be considered. Otherwise, it should be a positive int. :param min_freq: Positive int. Only those words with frequency >= min_freq will be taken into consideration. Default is 1, namely all words that occur will be considered. :param existing_map: Existing dictionary of word index if any. Default is None and in this case a new map with index starting from 1 will be generated. If not None, then the generated map will preserve the word index in existing_map and assign subsequent indices to new words.
Returns: TextSet after word2idx.
-
classmethod
zoo.feature.text.transformer module¶
-
class
zoo.feature.text.transformer.
Normalizer
(bigdl_type='float')[source]¶ Bases:
zoo.feature.text.transformer.TextTransformer
Removes all dirty characters (non English alphabet) from tokens and converts words to lower case. Need to tokenize first. Original tokens will be replaced by normalized tokens.
>>> normalizer = Normalizer() creating: createNormalizer
-
class
zoo.feature.text.transformer.
SequenceShaper
(len, trunc_mode='pre', pad_element=0, bigdl_type='float')[source]¶ Bases:
zoo.feature.text.transformer.TextTransformer
Shape the sequence of indices to a fixed length. If the original sequence is longer than the target length, it will be truncated from the beginning or the end. If the original sequence is shorter than the target length, it will be padded to the end. Need to word2idx first. The original indices sequence will be replaced by the shaped sequence.
# Arguments len: Positive int. The target length. trunc_mode: Truncation mode. String. Either ‘pre’ or ‘post’. Default is ‘pre’. If ‘pre’, the sequence will be truncated from the beginning. If ‘post’, the sequence will be truncated from the end. pad_element: Int. The element to be padded to the sequence if the original length is smaller than the target length. Default is 0 with the convention that we reserve index 0 for unknown words. >>> sequence_shaper = SequenceShaper(len=6, trunc_mode=”post”, pad_element=10000) creating: createSequenceShaper
-
class
zoo.feature.text.transformer.
TextFeatureToSample
(bigdl_type='float')[source]¶ Bases:
zoo.feature.text.transformer.TextTransformer
Transform indexedTokens and label (if any) of a TextFeature to a BigDL Sample. Need to word2idx first.
>>> to_sample = TextFeatureToSample() creating: createTextFeatureToSample
-
class
zoo.feature.text.transformer.
TextTransformer
(bigdl_type='float', *args)[source]¶ Bases:
zoo.feature.common.Preprocessing
Base class of Transformers that transform TextFeature.
-
class
zoo.feature.text.transformer.
Tokenizer
(bigdl_type='float')[source]¶ Bases:
zoo.feature.text.transformer.TextTransformer
Transform text to array of string tokens.
>>> tokenizer = Tokenizer() creating: createTokenizer
-
class
zoo.feature.text.transformer.
WordIndexer
(map, bigdl_type='float')[source]¶ Bases:
zoo.feature.text.transformer.TextTransformer
Given a wordIndex map, transform tokens to corresponding indices. Those words not in the map will be aborted. Need to tokenize first.
# Arguments map: Dict with word (string) as its key and index (int) as its value.
>>> word_indexer = WordIndexer(map={"it": 1, "me": 2}) creating: createWordIndexer


layout = "generic" nav = { Site.nav.allopoeia, Site.nav.twitter, Site.nav.github, Site.nav.email, NavItem(), } ---content--- {! Section.nav(C, "about") !}
Note: this website is very much outdated!
Hi! My name is Coranna Howard (she/her). I do a lot of thinking and crafting.
My primary medium is code, a selection of which follows in the next section. I also sometimes dabble in {! anchor("#art-and-games", "games, generative art") !}, and {! anchor_ext("https://soundcloud.com/komiga/sets/sounds-for-contemplating-the", "music") !} (maybe?).
I currently work as a software engineer in the US. {<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Contact me") !} for my resumé or related inquiries.
{! Section.close(C) !} {! Section.nav(C, "code") !} {! Section.item(C, "Pickle", "https://github.com/komiga/pickle") !}A static site generator. It's more versatile (and usable) than, say, Jekyll or Hugo (in my opinion, of course), but it has a while to go before the kinks are hammered out.
{! Section.item(C, "precore", "https://github.com/komiga/precore") !}An extension of {! anchor_ext("http://premake.github.io/", "Premake") !} 4.4. It facilitates build setup reuse, making the already-pleasant Premake even more so.
{! Section.item(C, "Quanta", "https://github.com/komiga/quanta") !}A highly adaptable toolset for tracking. Its primary facility is time-tracking, with a text format at its foundation specialized for describing the physical realm. Though Quanta is currently passive (with some validation), it will soon expand into analytics (e.g., craft efficiency, resource consumption, nutrition). It's being rewritten in Rust!
{! Section.item(C, "Super Transmuter") !}A modular, extendable, general build tool (à la GNU Make) that uses Lua as a DSL.
{! Section.item(C, "togo", "https://github.com/komiga/togo") !}A C++ data-oriented super-library. It began as a game engine, but I found its design too appealing to leave it all bound up in a high-dependency library. As a result, togo is now composed of multiple components (libraries and tools). The game library is nascent, but the core library is a fully capable (very stdlib-minimal) base library for anything else.
{! Section.sub(C, "tools") !}Slow-growing projects trapped in headspace. (You might be able to goad me into finally tackling these.)
A slow, dark platformer concept created over a 48-hour period for Ludum Dare 30. I neglected mechanics and made something that is only compelling in aesthetic. The code is {! anchor_ext("https://github.com/komiga/ld30-onomo", "available") !} under the {! anchor_ext("http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/", "CC BY-NC-ND 3.0") !} license.
{! Section.item(C, "Prisma", "http://ludumdare.com/compo/ludum-dare-26/?action=preview&uid=14542") !}A minimalistic color-based twitch puzzler created over a 72-hour period for Ludum Dare 26. The levels are poor, the audio is terrible, and the “puzzles” are mostly based on player speed. The code is {! anchor_ext("https://github.com/komiga/ld26-prisma", "available") !} under the {! anchor_ext("http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/", "CC BY-NC-ND 3.0") !} license.
{! Section.item(C, "sounds for contemplating the universe", "https://komiga.itch.io/sounds-for-contemplating-the-universe") !}A short aural journey to accompany thoughts of life beyond your star system. Created with SunVox for {! anchor_ext("https://itch.io/jam/fermi-paradox-jam", "Fermi Paradox Jam") !} in 2016. {! anchor_ext("http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0", "CC BY-NC 4.0") !}.
{! Section.item(C, "Kaleidograph", "http://imgur.com/a/NFwTo", nil, " (stills)") !}An interactive generative art program which creates snowflakey kaleidographic patterns. Created with JavaScript and p5.js in December 2014. (A selection of still images; code is not publicly available.)
{! Section.close(C) !} {! Section.nav(C, "misc") !}


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But, ever-present, beneath the veneer of tranquility, evil lurks. Evil, which spurns prosperity and disdains peace.
Gather they did, those who wished to summon the powers of darkness and cleanse the decadence of the world. And, with smiling countenance, they anxiously awaited the coming of their era.
Hundred years had past, and he was resurrected. Able to become bat, wolf, or mist at will, he lived in the night. He drank the blood of young maidens and lived an eternal life. The lord of Castlevania, the god of evil, Count Dracula was reborn.
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The rayleigh module¶
Now that we know the boundaries of our model, let’s start building it. What we’ll do is essentially create atmospheric arrays for Rayleigh scattering, then do the same thing with dust, and then combine them to get the total model arrays.
These arrays, if you’re curious, are
The optical depth in each layer (known as
DTAUC
).The single scattering albedo in each layer (known as
SSALB
).The Legendre decomposition of the phase function in each layer (known as
PMOM
).
RayleighCO2¶
Mars has a CO 2 atmosphere, so let’s instantiate a
RayleighCO2
object. This will create the aforementioned
arrays. We just need to provide it the wavelengths
at which to make the optical depths, and the column density in each of the
layers. Let’s do that here.
from pyRT_DISORT.rayleigh import RayleighCO2
rco2 = RayleighCO2(pixel_wavelengths, column_density)
rayleigh_od = rco2.optical_depth
rayleigh_ssa = rco2.single_scattering_albedo
rayleigh_pf = rco2.phase_function
Caution
These arrays have shapes (14, 5), (14, 5), and (3, 14, 5)—the same shapes
DISORT expects for DTAUC
, SSALB
, and PMOM
but with an extra
wavelength dimension tacked on to the end. This class computed the arrays
at all wavelengths at once, so don’t get tripped up when computing these
composite arrays.
We’ve now computed all of the quantities relevant to Rayleigh scattering.
Tip
If you want to see the total optical depth due to Rayleigh scattering at the input wavelengths, you can execute the line
print(np.sum(rayleigh_od, axis=0))
to see the column integrated optical depth. For this example it gives
[1.62444356e-04 1.00391950e-05 1.97891739e-06 6.25591479e-07 2.56207684e-07]


EBD - Easton Bible DIctionary
Talmon
TALMON
"TALMON "oppressed. (1.) A Levite porter (
1 Chronicles 9:17
;
Nehemiah 11:19
).
(2.) One whose descendants returned with Zerubbabel to Jerusalem (
Ezra 2:42
;
Nehemiah 7:45
); probably the same as (1).
"TALMON "oppressed. (1.) A Levite porter (1 Chronicles 9:17; Nehemiah 11:19).
(2.) One whose descendants returned with Zerubbabel to Jerusalem (Ezra 2:42; Nehemiah 7:45); probably the same as (1).


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BEFORE THE MADURAI BENCH OF MADRAS HIGH COURT DATED: 05.02.2018 DELIVERED ON : 05.02.2018 CORAM THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE R.MAHADEVAN W.P(MD)No.23469 of 2017 and W.M.P(MD)No.19729 of 2017 Ashtalakshmi Nagar, Ashtalakshmi Nagar Extension, R.K.Puram Kudiyiruppor Nala Sangam, represented by its Secretary, C.Jeyaraman, Ward No.63, Kattoor Post, Trichy - 600 019. ... Petitioner Vs. 1.The Inspector General of Police, Central Zone, Trichy. 2.The District Collector, Trichy District, Trichy. 3.The Commissioner, Trichy Municipal Corporation, Cantonment, Trichy. 4.The District Environment Engineer, Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Trichy. 5.The Superintendent of Police, Trichy District, Trichy. 6.The Deputy Superintendent of Police, Thiruverumbur Division, Trichy District - 14. 7.The Inspector of Police, Thiruverumbur Division, Trichy District. 8.The Local Planning Authority, Tiiruchirappalli Local Planning Authority, Trichy, Trichy District. 9.Arputha Kulanthai Yesu Alayam, Kulanthai Yesu Nagar, Kattoor, Trichy, represented by its Church Father, Susai Raj 10.The Secretary to Government, Public Department, Fort St. George, Chennai ? 600 009. ... Respondents (R10 suo-motu impleaded as per the order of this Court dated 21/12/2017 made in this writ petition) Prayer: Petition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India praying for the issuance of a writ of Mandamus to direct the respondents 1 to 7 herein to take appropriate action against the ninth respondent who is creating noise pollution by using prohibited horn type loudspeaker without getting any permission or licence, within the time limit that may be stipulated by this Court. !For Petitioner : Mr.T.Senthil Kumar ^For Respondents : Mr.J.Gunaseelan Muthiah Government Advocate for R.1, R.2, R.5, R.6, R.7 & R10 Mr.N.S.Karthikeyan Additional Government Pleader for R.3 Dispensed with - R.4, R.8 & R.9 :ORDER
This writ petition has been filed seeking a writ of Mandamus to direct the respondents 1 to 7 herein to take appropriate action against the ninth respondent who is creating noise pollution by using prohibited horn type loudspeaker without getting any permission or licence, within the time limit that may be stipulated by this Court.
2. Considering the nature of the issue involved herein, this Court by order dated 21.12.2017, suo-motu, impleaded the Secretary to Government, Public Department, Fort St. George, Chennai ? 600 009, as the tenth respondent in this writ petition.
3. Mr.J.Gunaseelan Muthiah, learned Government Advocate takes notice for the respondents 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 and 10. Mr.N.S.Karthikeyan, learned Additional Government Pleader takes notice for the third respondent. In view of the order that is going to be passed, notice to the other respondents is dispensed with.
4. By consent, the writ petition itself is taken up for final disposal.
5. According to the petitioner, the petitioner Sangam is registered under the Tamil Nadu Societies Registration Act and the members of the petitioner Sangam are residing in the said area. Meanwhile, the ninth respondent - Church without obtaining proper permission from the competent authority, constructed a prayer hall and further, is using banned horn type long handle loudspeakers and thereby, created noise pollution in that locality. Due to the act of the ninth respondent, the residents therein are suffering a lot because of noise pollution caused by him.
6. Further, the ninth respondent used the horn speakers as against the provisions of the Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 and caused hindrance to the students and patients in that area. Therefore, the petitioner Sangam made a representation to the respondents to initiate appropriate action against the ninth respondent, but no action is forthcoming so far. Hence, the present writ petition is filed.
7. The learned Counsel for the petitioner has mainly contended that the ninth respondent has conducted the prayers all along the day by using the banned horn type long handle loudspeakers with high volume and he also erected loudspeakers in eight directions permanently. Despite several restrictions were imposed on the use of loudspeakers, the ninth respondent having disregard to those rules framed under the Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000, violated the same and caused noise pollution to the extent possible and thus, the petitioner Sangam made several representations to the authorities concerned seeking appropriate action against the use of loudspeakers by the ninth respondent, however, their request did not see the light of the day so far and hence, he prayed for a writ of Mandamus to direct the respondents 1 to 7 to take appropriate action against the ninth respondent for the use of the banned loudspeakers.
8. Heard the submissions of the learned Government Advocate appearing for the respondents 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 and 10 and also, the learned Additional Government Pleader appearing for the third respondent in this regard.
9. At the outset itself, this Court finds it appropriate to refer to some of the decisions relating to the negative impact of 'Noise Pollution' on the society and the need of the hour to reduce and/or curtail the same to the maximum extent possible for the betterment of the lives and they are:
9.1. In Appa Rao, M.S. v. Govt. of T.N., (1995) 1 LW 319 (Mad), the Madras High Court taking a note of the serious health hazard and disturbance to public order and tranquility caused by the uncontrolled noise pollution prevailing in the State, issued a writ of mandamus for directing State Government to impose strict conditions for issue of license for the use of amplifiers and loudspeakers and for directing Director-General, Police (Law and Order) to impose total ban on use of horn type loudspeakers and amplifiers and air horns of automobiles.
9.2. The impact of noise pollution caused by cone speakers and its deleterious effect on public has been emphasised by K.P.Sivasubramaniam,J., in the case of Church of God (Full Gospel) Vs. The Government of Tamil Nadu in W.P.No.34449 of 2002 dated 28.2.2003. Paragraph 20 of the said judgment, which is relevant to re-emphasis for the present scenario, is set out hereunder:
"20. While parting with this case, I am also inclined to caution the petitioners as well as such religious enthusiasts/ fundamentalists, to practice their respective faith in a cultured way and not to resort to aggressive or unfair methods and resorting to a method of worship which is inhuman. God, to whichever religion He belongs to, is said to be present everywhere and does not require a blaring and deafening amplifier to hear the prayer of his devotees. The nature of evil and adverse effects which noise pollution causes to the children, aged, sickly, pregnant women and even normal individuals and how it disturbs the student community etc., have been repeatedly emphasised with scientific facts and figures, any number of times in newspapers, magazines, health journals and other media. Whether any individual has a legal or fundamental right to affect the body and mind of another person has been dealt with in detail by the Division Bench in Apparao's case and by the Supreme Court in the very appeal by the petitioner and there is no need to repeat them. Suffice it to say that religious faith existed and flourished in the past during several centuries in a better manner without the aid of amplifiers or other gadjets which have come into being only during the past few years. Belief in religion is and should remain a private and personal affair. When it crosses the four walls of the house or the place of worship and becomes a public issue, it is the singular most factor and root cause for all the violence, extremism, terrorism and strife we are now witnessing, national and international. The amplifiers probably signify the growing trend of intolerance between different groups. Religion is not a trade requiring advertisement by amplifiers. It is a pity that the police as well as the Pollution Control authorities are yet to strictly implement the rules and regulations in spite of repeated directions by the Court and the Government. There is no impediment to enforce them provided the enforcement is carried out impartially and uniformly. Marriage halls also have become noisy with music parties forcing the invitees to run away at the earliest. Music and melody which should be soothening, instead make the audience frightened and terror stricken. It is paradoxical to claim that we are becoming more and more civilised and at the same time we indulge in such acts which are most uncivilised. Even animals run away from noisy areas. Not only animals in forests but also in zoos are protected from noise pollution because they cannot survive in noisy atmosphere. Motorists passing through the forest and protected areas are warned against using the horn and the visitors to the zoo are directed to pass through silently. Why should we human beings reduce ourselves to less than animals, is the question which the petitioners and their counterparts in other religions should address themselves."
9.3. The Honourable Supreme Court in In Re: Noise Pollution reported in AIR 2005 SUPREME COURT 3136, while holding that there is need for creating general awareness towards the hazardous effects of noise pollution, has elaborately dealt with the issue with regard to the implementation of the laws for restricting use of loudspeakers and high volume producing sound systems. In paragraphs 9 and 10, the Honourable Supreme Court elucidated the importance of Articles 19(1)(a) and 21 of the Constitution of India and observed as follows:
"9. Article 21 of the Constitution guarantees life and personal liberty to all persons. It is well settled by repeated pronouncements of this Court as also the High Courts that right to life enshrined in Article 21 is not of mere survival or existence. It guarantees a right of persons to life with human dignity. Therein are included, all the aspects of life which go to make a person's life meaningful, complete and worth living. The human life has its charm and there is no reason why the life should not be enjoyed along with all permissible pleasures. Anyone who wishes to live in peace, comfort and quiet within his house has a right to prevent the noise as pollutant reaching him. No one can claim a right to create noise even in his own premises which would travel beyond his precincts and cause nuisance to neighbours or others. Any noise which has the effect of materially interfering with the ordinary comforts of life judged by the standard of a reasonable man is nuisance. How and when a nuisance created by noise becomes actionable has to be answered by reference to its degree and the surrounding circumstances, the place and the time.
10. Those who make noise often take shelter behind Article 19(1)A pleading freedom of speech and right to expression. Undoubtedly, the freedom of speech and right to expression are fundamental rights but the rights are not absolute. Nobody can claim a fundamental right to create noise by amplifying the sound of his speech with the help of loudspeakers. While one has a right to speech, others have a right to listen or decline to listen. Nobody can be compelled to listen and nobody can claim that he has a right to make his voice trespass into the ears or mind of others. Nobody can indulge into aural aggression. If anyone increases his volume of speech and that too with the assistance of artificial devices so as to compulsorily expose unwilling persons to hear a noise raised to unpleasant or obnoxious levels then the person speaking is violating the right of others to a peaceful, comfortable and pollution-free life guaranteed by Article 21. Article 19(1) A cannot be pressed into service for defeating the fundamental right guaranteed by Article 21. We need not further dwell on this aspect. Two decisions in this regard delivered by High Courts have been brought to our notice wherein the right to live in an atmosphere free from noise pollution has been upheld as the one guaranteed by Article 21 of the Constitution. These decisions are Free Legal Aid Cell Shri Sugan Chand Aggarwal alias Bhagatji v. Govt. of NCT of Delhi and others, AIR (2001) Delhi 455 (D.B.) and P.A. Jacob v. Superintendent of Police, Kottayam, AIR (1993) Kerala 1. We have carefully gone through the reasoning adopted in the two decisions and the principle of law laid down therein, in particular, the exposition of Article 21 of the Constitution. We find ourselves in entire agreement therewith." In paragraphs 11 to 20, the Honourable Supreme Court has analysed the term 'noise pollution' as under:
"11. The present cases provide an opportunity for examining several questions, such as what is noise? What are its adverse effects? Whether noise pollution runs in conflict with the fundamental rights of the people? And what relief can be allowed by way of directions issued in public interest?
I Noise what it is?
12. The word noise is derived from the Latin term "nausea". It has been defined as "unwanted sound, a potential hazard to health and communication dumped into the environment with regard to the adverse effect it may have on unwilling ears."
13. Noise is defined as unwanted sound. Sound which pleases the listeners is music and that which causes pain and annoyance is noise. At times, what is music for some can be noise for others.
14. Section 2(a) of the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, includes noise in the definition of 'air pollutant'.
15. Section 2(a) "air pollutant" means any solid, liquid or gaseous substance including noise present in the atmosphere in such concentration as may be or tend to be injurious to human beings or other living creatures or plants or property or environment.
16. According to Encyclopaedia Britannica : "In acoustics noise is defined as any undesired sound."
17. According to Chambers 20th Century Dictionary , noise means Sound especially of loud, harsh or confused kind; a sound of any kind; an over loud or disturbing sound; frequent or public talk.
18. In Chambers 21st Century Dictionary, the definition of noise has undergone a change. Noise pollution stands carved out as a phrase separately from noise. The two are defined as under:
"Noise a sound; a harsh disagreeable sound, or such sound; a din. pollution an excessive or annoying degree of noise in a particular area, e.g. from traffic or aeroplane engines."
19. "Pollution" is a noun derived from the verb "pollute". Section 2(c) of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 defines "environmental pollution" to mean the presence in the environment of any environmental pollutant. Section 2 (b) of the said Act defines "environmental pollutant" to mean any solid, liquid or gaseous substance present in such concentration as may be, or tends to be injurious to environment.
20. Thus, the disturbance produced in our environment by the undesirable sound of various kinds is called "noise pollution"." In paragraphs 89 to 101, the Honourable Supreme Court dealt with the statutory laws in India regarding the menace of 'Noise Pollution', as hereunder:
"VI. Statutory Laws in India
89. Not that the Legislature and the Executive in India are completely unmindful of the menace of noise pollution. Laws have been enacted and the Rules have been framed by the Executive for carrying on the purposes of the legislation. The real issue is with the implementation of the laws. What is needed is the will to implement the laws. It would be useful to have a brief resume of some of the laws which are already available on the Statute Book. Treatment of the problem of noise pollution can be dealt under the Law of Crimes and Civil Law. Civil law can be divided under two heads (i) The Law of Torts (ii) The General Civil Law. The cases regarding noise have not come before the law courts in large quantity. The reason behind this is that many people in India did not consider noise as a sort of pollution and they are not very much conscious about the evil consequences of noise pollution. The level of noise pollution is relative and depends upon a person and a particular place. The law will not take care of a super sensitive person but the standard is of an average and rational human being in the society.
The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000.
90. In order to curb the growing problem of noise pollution, the Government of India has enacted the Noise Pollution(Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000. Prior to the enactment of these rules noise pollution was not being dealt specifically by a particular Act.
"Whereas the increasing ambient noise levels in public places from various sources, inter-alia, industrial activity, construction activity, generator sets, loudspeakers, public address systems, music systems, vehicular horns and other mechanical devices, have deleterious effects on human health and the psychological well being of the people; it is considered necessary to regulate and control noise producing and generating sources with the objective of maintaining the ambient air quality standard in respect of noise;"
91. The main provisions of the noise rules are as under:
1. The State Government may categorize the areas into industrial, commercial, residential or silence areas/zones for the purpose of implementation of noise standards for different areas.
2. The ambient air quality standards in respect of noise for different areas/zones has been specified for in the Schedule annexed to the Rules.
3. The State Government shall take measures for abatement of noise including noise emanating from vehicular movements and ensure that the existing noise levels do not exceed the ambient air quality standards specified under these rules.
4. An area comprising not less than 100 meters around hospitals, educational institutions and courts may be declared as silence area/zone for the purpose of these rules.
5. A loudspeaker or a public address system shall not be used except after obtaining written permission from the authority and the same shall not be used at night i.e. between 10.00p.m. and 6.00 a.m.
6. A person found violating the provisions as to the maximum noise permissible in any particular area shall be liable to be punished for it as per the provisions of these rules and any other law in force.
Indian Penal Code
92. Noise pollution can be dealt under Sections 268, 290 and 291 of the Indian Penal Code, as a public nuisance. Under Section 268 of this Code, it is mentioned that 'A person is guilty of a public nuisance who does any act or is guilty of an illegal omission which causes any common injury, danger or annoyance to the public or the people in general who dwell or occupy property in the vicinity, or which must necessarily cause injury, obstruction, danger or annoyance to persons who may have occasion to use any public right.
93. A common nuisance is not excused on the ground that it causes some convenience or advantage.'
94. Sections 290 and 291 of the Indian Penal Code deal with the punishment for public nuisance.
Criminal Procedure Code
95. Under Section 133 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 the magistrate has the power to make conditional order requiring the person causing nuisance to remove such nuisance.
The Factories Act, 1948.
96. The Factories Act does not contain any specific provision for noise control. However, under the Third Schedule Sections 89 and 90 of the Act, 'noise induced hearing loss', is mentioned as a notifiable disease. Under section 89 of the Act, any medical practitioner who detects any notifiable disease, including noise- induced hearing loss, in a worker, has to report the case to the Chief Inspector of Factories, along with all other relevant information. Failure to do so is a punishable offence.
97. Similarly, under the Model Rules, limits for noise exposure for work zone area has been prescribed.
Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, and Rules framed thereunder
98. Rules 119 and 120 of the Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989, deal with reduction of noise.
Rule 119. Horns (1) On and after expiry of one year from the date of commencement of the Central Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Rules, 1999, every motor vehicle including construction equipment vehicle and agricultural tractor manufactured shall be fitted with an electric horn or other devices conforming to the requirements of IS: 1884-1992, specified by the Bureau of Indian Standards for use by the driver of the vehicle and capable of giving audible and sufficient warning of the approach or position of the vehicle:
Provided that on and from 1st January, 2003, the horn installation shall be as per AIS-014 specifications, as may be amended from time to time, till such time as corresponding Bureau of Indian Standards specifications are notified.
(2) No motor vehicle shall be fitted with any multi-toned horn giving a succession of different notes or with any other sound-producing device giving an unduly harsh, shrill, loud or alarming noise.
Rule 120. Silencers (1) Every motor vehicle including agricultural tractor shall be fitted with a device (hereinafter referred to as a silencer) which by means of an expansion chamber or otherwise reduces as far as practicable, the noise that would otherwise be made by the escape of exhaust gages from the engine.
(2) Noise standards- Every motor vehicle shall be constructed and maintained so as to conform to noise standards specified in Part E of the Schedule VI to the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986, when tested as per IS: 3028-1998, as amended from time to time.
Law of Torts
99. Quietness and freedom from noise are indispensable to the full and free enjoyment of a dwelling-house. No proprietor has an absolute right to create noises upon his own land, because any right which the law gives is qualified by the condition that it must not be exercised to the nuisance of his neighbours or of the public. Noise will create an actionable nuisance only if it materially interferes with the ordinary comfort of life, judged by ordinary, plain and simple notions, and having regard to the locality; the question being one of degree in each case.
The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
100. Noise was included in the definition of air pollutant in Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act in 1987. Thus, the provisions of the Air Act, became applicable in respect of noise pollution, also.
The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
101. Although there is no specific provision to deal with noise pollution, the Act confers powers on Government of India to take measures to deal with various types of pollution including noise pollution.
Fireworks
102. The Explosives Act, 1884 regulates manufacture, possession, use, sale, transport, import & export of explosives. Firecrackers are governed by this Statute. Rule 87 of the Explosives Rule, 1983 prohibits manufacture of any explosive at any place, except in factory or premises licensed under the Rules.
103. In India there is no separate Act that regulates the manufacture, possession, use, sale, manufacture and transactions in firecrackers. All this is regulated by The Explosives Act, 1884. The Noise that is produced by these fireworks is regulated by the Environmental Protection Act, 1986 and The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000." In paragraphs 158 to 165, the Honourable Supreme Court while scrutinizing the ways and means to check/control noise pollution, has held as under:
"158. The need for checking noise pollution as highlighted by the petitioners and several intervenors deserves appreciation.
159. Need for specific legislation to control and prevent noise pollution still needs some emphasis. Undoubtedly, some laws have been enacted. Yet, compared with the legislation in developed countries India is still lagging behind in enacting adequate and scientific legislations. We need to have one simple but specific and detailed legislation dealing with several aspects referable to noise pollution and providing measures of control therefor.
160. There is an equal need of developing mechanism and infrastructure for enforcement of the prevalent laws. Those who are entrusted with the task of enforcing laws directed towards controlling noise pollution, must be so trained as to acquire expertise in the matter of fighting against noise pollution by taking preventing and deterrent measures both. They need to be equipped with the requisite equipments such as audio meters as would help them in detecting the level of noise pollution more so when it crosses the permissible limits and the source thereof.
161. Above all, there is need for creating general awareness towards the hazardous effects of noise pollution. Particularly, in our country the people generally lack consciousness of the ill effects which noise pollution creates and how the society including they themselves stand to benefit by preventing generation and emission of noise pollution. The target area should be educational institutions and more particularly schools. The young children of impressionable age should be motivated to desist from playing with firecrackers, use of high sound producing equipments and instruments on festivals, religious and social functions, family get- togethers and celebrations etc. which cause noise pollution. Suitable chapters can be added into text-books which teach civic sense to the children and teach them how to be good and responsible citizen which would include learning by heart of various fundamental duties and that would obviously include learning not to create noise pollution and to prevent if generated by others. Holding of special talks and lectures can be organized in the schools to highlight the menace of noise pollution and the role of the children in preventing it. For these purposes the State must play its role by the support and cooperation of non-government organizations (NGOs) can also be enlisted.
162. Similar awareness needs to be created in police and civil administration by means of carrying out a special drive to make them understand the various measures to curb the problems and the laws on the subject. Resident Welfare Associations (RAWs), service clubs (such as Rotary International and Lions International) and societies engaged in preventing noise pollution as part of their projects need to be encouraged and actively involved by the local administration. Festival and ceremonies wherein the fireworks and crackers are customarily burst can be accompanied by earmarking a place and time wherein and when all the people can come together and witness or view a show of fireworks dispensing with the need of crackers being burst in the residential areas and that too which is done without any regard to timings. The manufacturers can be encouraged to make such fireworks as would display more the colours rather than make noise.
163. Not only the use of loudspeakers and playing of hi-fi amplifier systems has to be regulated even the playing of high sound instruments like drums, tom-toms, trumpets, bugles and the like which create noise beyond tolerable limits need to be regulated. The law enforcing agencies must be equipped with necessary instruments and facilities out of which sound level meters conforming to Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) code are a bare necessity.
164. Preventive measures need to be directed more effectively at the source. To illustrate, the horns which if fitted with the automobiles would create hawking sound beyond permissible limits, should not be allowed to be manufactured or sold in the market as once they are available they are likely to be used.
165. Loudspeakers and amplifiers or other equipments or gadgets which produce offending noise once detected as violating the law, should be liable to be seized and confiscated by making provision in the law in that behalf."
In paragraph 168, it is held as follows:
"II. Loudspeakers
1. The noise level at the boundary of the public place, where loudspeaker or public address system or any other noise source is being used shall not exceed 10 dB(A) above the ambient noise standards for the area or 75 dB(A) whichever is lower.
2. No one shall beat a drum or tom-tom or blow a trumpet or beat or sound any instrument or use any sound amplifier at night (between 10. 00 p.m. and 6.a.m.) except in public emergencies.
3. The peripheral noise level of privately owned sound system shall not exceed by more than 5 dB(A) than the ambient air quality standard specified for the area in which it is used, at the boundary of the private place." In the very same decision, the Honourable Supreme Court also emphasised on the awareness over the Noise Pollution and observed thus:
"IV. Awareness
1. There is a need for creating general awareness towards the hazardous effects of noise pollution. Suitable chapters may be added in the text-books which teach civic sense to the children and youth at the initial/early level of education. Special talks and lectures be organised in the schools to highlight the menace of noise pollution and the role of the children and younger generation in preventing it. Police and civil administration should be trained to understand the various methods to curb the problem and also the laws on the subject.
2. The State must play an active role in this process. Resident Welfare Associations, service Clubs and Societies engaged in preventing noise pollution as a part of their projects need to be encouraged and actively involved by the local administration.
3. Special public awareness campaigns in anticipation of festivals, events and ceremonial occasions whereat firecrackers are likely to be used, need to be carried out."
10. Keeping in mind the dicta laid down in the aforesaid decisions by the Honourable Supreme Court as well as this Court, I have carefully considered the rival submissions and also perused the materials available on record.
11. Admittedly, the ninth respondent is the Parish Priest of Infant Jesus Shrine, R.K.Puram, Kattur, Tiruchirappalli - 620 019. It is the primordial submission of the learned Counsel for the petitioner that the ninth respondent is using the cone speakers/loud speakers during prayers and thereby, causing noise pollution in that area and thus, the residents therein are made to undergo the untold menace. Hence, the petitioner made several complaints/representations to the authorities concerned for initiating appropriate action against the ninth respondent and to remove the loudspeakers therein. Finding no response, the petitioner approached this Court by way of the present writ petition.
12. Today, when the matter is taken up for hearing, Mr.J.Gunaseelan Muthiah, learned Government Advocate appearing for the respondents 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 and 10 has drawn the attention of this Court to the communication of the Village Administrative Officer, Ellakkudi, Agaram Village, Thiruverumbur Taluk, Trichy District, dated Nil, addressed to the seventh respondent, wherein it is informed that during the peace committee meeting held on 20.12.2017, the ninth respondent agreed to remove the cone speakers and also undertakes to conduct prayers in a peaceful manner without causing any noise pollution. Further, he has also drawn the attention of this Court to the letter of the ninth respondent, dated 20.12.2017 addressed to the sixth respondent in this regard.
13. The said statement made by the ninth respondent is recorded. Accordingly, the cone speakers installed by the ninth respondent have to be removed forthwith. It is to ensure that any box speakers used within the campus of the ninth respondent, shall not cause any disturbance to the residents therein, failing which, the same shall be seized and confiscated forthwith.
14. With the above observations, this writ petition stands disposed of. Consequently, the connected Miscellaneous Petition is closed. In the facts and circumstances of the case, there shall be no order as to costs.
15. However, considering the peculiar facts and circumstances of the case and keeping in mind that the same problem is prevailing in all over the State as submitted by some of the lawyers in the open Court, this Court is inclined to issue certain directions/guidelines to regulate the noise pollution in public/other places and they are:
(i) The State shall strictly implement the provisions of the Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 forthwith and issue necessary/appropriate directions/guidelines to the authorities/police officers concerned to see to it that noise pollution is controlled;
(ii) The State shall instruct all the authorities to take appropriate action against the users of cone speakers/loudspeakers in public places and/or in religious places in violation of the provisions of the Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 and ensure that the usage of cone speakers are curtailed and the usage of any other sound systems would be within the permitted parameters;
(iii) The use of cone speakers/loudspeakers in public places shall be banned/restricted forthwith in the interest of general public and more particularly, the children and aged persons;
(iv) The awareness campaigns shall be conducted among the public about the ill-effects of cone speakers/loudspeakers in order to curb the menace of noise pollution;
(v) Any violation in complying with the provisions of the Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000, be taken note of by the authorities concerned and appropriate action be initiated against the persons concerned in accordance with law and the instruments used for such violation be seized and confiscated immediately;
(vi)Those, who are conducting the public meetings, shall also scrupulously follow the directions issued in this order, while using the sound systems; and
(vii)The tenth respondent shall communicate this order to all the District Collectors, who inturn, shall intimate the same to all the subordinate officers for compliance forthwith.
Post the matter for reporting compliance after three months.
To:
1.The Inspector General of Police, Central Zone, Trichy.
2.The District Collector, Trichy District, Trichy.
3.The Commissioner, Trichy Municipal Corporation, Cantonment, Trichy.
4.The District Environment Engineer, Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Trichy.
5.The Superintendent of Police, Trichy District, Trichy.
6.The Deputy Superintendent of Police, Thiruverumbur Division, Trichy District - 14.
7.The Inspector of Police, Thiruverumbur Division, Trichy District.
8.The Local Planning Authority, Tiiruchirappalli Local Planning Authority, Trichy, Trichy District.
9.The Secretary to Government, Public Department, Fort St. George, Chennai ? 600 009.
10.The Secretary to Government, Public Department, Fort St. George, Chennai ? 600 009.
.


If you need to send custom parameters to the Authorization Server, make sure to use the original parameter name.
Changes to recommended defaults, like defaultScope
The default scope to be included with all requests.
If not provided, 'openid profile email' is used. This can be set to null
in order to effectively remove the default scopes.
Note: The openid
scope is always applied regardless of this setting.
The default audience to be used for requesting API access.
A maximum number of seconds to wait before declaring background calls to /authorize as failed for timeout Defaults to 60s.
The location to use when storing cache data. Valid values are memory
or localstorage
.
The default setting is memory
.
Read more about changing storage options in the Auth0 docs
The child nodes your Provider has wrapped
The Client ID found on your Application settings page
Your Auth0 account domain such as 'example.auth0.com'
,
'example.eu.auth0.com'
or , 'example.mycompany.com'
(when using custom domains)
The Id of an invitation to accept. This is available from the user invitation URL that is given when participating in a user invitation flow.
The issuer to be used for validation of JWTs, optionally defaults to the domain above
The value in seconds used to account for clock skew in JWT expirations. Typically, this value is no more than a minute or two at maximum. Defaults to 60s.
Maximum allowable elapsed time (in seconds) since authentication. If the last time the user authenticated is greater than this value, the user must be reauthenticated.
By default this removes the code and state parameters from the url when you are redirected from the authorize page.
It uses window.history
but you might want to overwrite this if you are using a custom router, like react-router-dom
See the EXAMPLES.md for more info.
The Id of an organization to log in to.
This will specify an organization
parameter in your user's login request and will add a step to validate
the org_id
claim in your user's ID Token.
The default URL where Auth0 will redirect your browser to with the authentication result. It must be whitelisted in the "Allowed Callback URLs" field in your Auth0 Application's settings. If not provided here, it should be provided in the other methods that provide authentication.
The default scope to be used on authentication requests. The defaultScope defined in the Auth0Client is included along with this scope
By default, if the page url has code/state params, the SDK will treat them as Auth0's and attempt to exchange the code for a token. In some cases the code might be for something else (another OAuth SDK perhaps). In these instances you can instruct the client to ignore them eg
<Auth0Provider
clientId={clientId}
domain={domain}
skipRedirectCallback={window.location.pathname === '/stripe-oauth-callback'}
>
If true, refresh tokens are used to fetch new access tokens from the Auth0 server. If false, the legacy technique of using a hidden iframe and the authorization_code
grant with prompt=none
is used.
The default setting is false
.
Note: Use of refresh tokens must be enabled by an administrator on your Auth0 client application.
The main configuration to instantiate the
Auth0Provider
.


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Welcome to my think tank! I'm Michelle Pao [/pou/]. I am a sophomore majoring in biomedical engineering and minoring in graphic design at Binghamton University. My future career aspiration is to be a UI/UX designer while being a freelance graphic designer.
 If I'm not creating, you can catch me ordering pink drinks one after another at Starbucks or thinking of ways to expand my portfolio. I am hoping to sell enamel pins soon, so keep your eye out for some swag for your jean jackets, backpacks and cork boards gallore.
I decided to go with a more playful approach for this spread as it highlighted a scandal in the KPop industry. The red and yellow grid should catch the reader's attention as well as the flashy photo of the scandelous couple. This is what I consider a modern layout. The fonts used here were Arial and Vollkorn.
This article had a 'Buyers Beware' purpose. I created this spread using Illustrator and InDesign. I wanted to keep a sleek and visually appealing feel so I stuck with the main color of orange and drew the image contained the papaya, Pantone color match and the orange, all things that were mentioned in the article. I also played around with one of the quotes, as you can see in the drop text. The fonts used here were Abril Fatface and Vollkorn.
Close ProjectAs an intern for this agency, I was able to create logos, advertisements and also vector images for clubs chartered by the Student Association at Binghamton Univeristy. Please follow them on Instagram !
This poster was made to make others aware of the annual race in memoriam of a member of the Binghamton Crew Team. Sticking to Binghamton's color of green and adding a splash of white, I was able to create this poster that would be posted around campus.
I decided to construct the advertisement to look as if it is a shoutout on a website with a design theme. Hence, I used Illustrator to create the vector images of typical design tools. This would become the primary background of the website. This was a draft for a BSDA advertisment to be placed in Binghamton University's newspaper, Pipe Dream.
The John Arthur Cafe requested a new logo to stamp on their coffee cup holders. The first design was made to resemble a coffee bean and the logos thereafter were other iterations using the initials of John Arthur Cafe.
Close ProjectFor the cover of this sponsorship package, I wanted to utilize the key colors of Girls Who Code. After integrating a certain style, I had fun using a ribbon approach to include photos on the page. On the second page, I maintained the theme and included vector images drawn on Illustrator. These two designs were both created in Illustrator. Prices were omitted, but if you would like to contribute to our cause, please spread the word about Girls Who Code! Here is our website.
Close ProjectAs co-layout editor of The Phoenix of 2017, I created a magazine of 156 glossy pages. This contained specially selected pieces from the talented students of Townsend Harris High School, ranging from fictional pieces, poems, photographs, collages and artwork. This won a magazine crown from the Columbia Scholastic Press Association. Take a look at the full magazine here!
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JUNGLE 2 JUNGLE A film review by Scott Renshaw Copyright 1997 Scott Renshaw
(Disney) Starring: Tim Allen, Martin Short, Sam Huntington, Lolita Davidovich, David Ogden Stiers, JoBeth Williams. Screenplay: Bruce A. Evans and Raynold Gideon. Producer: Brian Reilly. Director: John Pasquin. MPAA Rating: PG (mild profanity, adult themes) Running Time: 110 minutes. Reviewed by Scott Renshaw.
Whenever film fans learn of plans by an American studio to re-make a foreign language film, the common reaction is a collective cringe. Wonderful foreign films like THE VANISHING and DIABOLIQUE have been turned into big-budget garbage, as Hollywood tends to grab on to a plot without grasping the point. The prospect of a remake of UN INDIEN DANS LA VILLE (LITTLE INDIAN, BIG CITY), however, inspired cringes of a different kind. The 1996 American theatrical release of LITTLE INDIAN inspired some of the most savage reviews of the year, making the prospect of the Disney-fied version JUNGLE 2 JUNGLE almost too much to bear. Hollywood could only improve on the original this time around, but it hasn't improved enough. JUNGLE 2 JUNGLE is a dopey and predictable family comedy which could be thought of as disappointing, if not for the wretchedness of the source material.
Tim Allen stars as Michael Cromwell, a Wall Street commodities broker with a non-stop lifestyle. He barely has time in his schedule to finalize his divorce from his first wife Patricia (JoBeth Williams) -- who left him for medical work in the Amazon -- so that he can marry his current girlfriend Charlotte (Lolita Davidovich). When Michael reaches Venezuela, he finds quite a surprise waiting for him: a 13-year-old son named Mimi Siku (Sam Huntington) who has spent his entire life in the jungle. A hastily made promise lands Michael the task of taking Mimi Siku back to New York with him for a visit, but Michael still has little time to teach his newfound son about life in the concrete jungle, especially when Michael and his partner Richard (Martin Short) get in hot water trying to dump a load of coffee futures on the Russian mafia.
Yes, you read correctly, the Russian mafia. JUNGLE 2 JUNGLE certainly doesn't take any chances on having too few plot threads, offering up David Ogden Stiers as the menacing mafioso, an entourage of film-makers following Michael's fashion designer fiancee Charlotte, a romantic interest for Mimi Siku in Richard's daughter Karen (LeeLee Sobieski, who _will_ be cast some day as a young Helen Hunt) and a pet tarantula who makes trouble any time things get slow. There is a lot of going on to keep everyone busy, but even at its busiest JUNGLE 2 JUNGLE simply isn't funny very often. The gags in the script by Bruce A. Evans and Raynold Gideon (previously responsible for masterworks like KUFFS and CUTTHROAT ISLAND) include tired pokes at postal employees, foreign cab drivers and the battle of the sexes over leaving the toilet seat up. It sometimes seems as though most of the film was transcribed from 10-year-old Jerry Seinfeld routines.
It's hard to believe that after waiting over two years to follow up his $144 million film debut in THE SANTA CLAUSE, Tim Allen decided this was the script he couldn't pass up. JUNGLE 2 JUNGLE (directed by THE SANTA CLAUSE's John Pasquin) once again finds Allen playing a workaholic who requires extraordinary circumstances to teach him lessons in fatherhood, but THE SANTA CLAUSE gave Allen a unique set-up and clever situations to work with. JUNGLE 2 JUNGLE doesn't give him nearly as much good material, relying on standard fish-out-of-water scenarios -- Mimi Siku dines on cat food and tropical fish, hunts pigeons and climbs on the outside of skyscrapers -- and a healthy serving of pratfalls. Allen has many comic talents, including fine timing with an exasperated one-liner, but he is not particularly deft at physical comedy. When co-star Martin Short throws his tiny body at a locked door in a futile attempt to break it down, you see what a real physical comedian looks like; Allen just looks like he realizes he is much smarter than this material.
Everyone in JUNGLE 2 JUNGLE does thoroughly likeable work in their one-dimensional roles, which is probably as much as you should expect from the performances in a film of this kind. JUNGLE 2 JUNGLE is intended primarily for kids, of course, and it does offer some appealing bits. Most of the best ones involve Michael's ineptitude with Mimi Siku's sleep-inducing blow darts, including a very funny struggle to revive Charlotte's anesthetized cat.  There just didn't seem to be much thought put into JUNGLE 2 JUNGLE except to give it just enough tailoring to make it a Tim Allen vehicle. Considering that the original outfit they were working with was a cinematic polyester suit like LITTLE INDIAN, BIG CITY, it might have been a better idea to throw it all away and start from whole cloth.
On the Renshaw scale of 0 to 10 bungle 2 bungles: 4.
Visit Scott Renshaw's MoviePage http://www-leland.stanford.edu/~srenshaw Subscribe to receive reviews directly via email See details on the MoviePage
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Click GREEN tile: Explore Path
Green tile: explorable path White tile: far away path Black tile: wall
Press P: Pause
Press O: Toggle menu
Press R: Randomize the board
"h": heuristic. "g": cost from start. "F": total cost, or h + g. Hint: Chase the tile with the lowest F.
FIND THE SHORTEST PATH FROM THE DOG TO THE STAR.


Package io.fluentlenium.core
package io.fluentlenium.core
-
ClassDescriptionDefault minimal implementation for
FluentContainer
.Container object that can be initialized with aFluentControl
.Global control interface for FluentLenium.Default implementation ofFluentControl
.Provides the FluentControl for actual test.Wrapper class for aWebDriver
instance which also offers shortcut and convenience methods, as well as methods to work with mouse, keyboard and windows.Takes HTML dump.Persists a screenshot to a target file.Configures aWebDriver
instance with timeouts from aConfiguration
.Provides wrapped WebDriver capabilities forFluentDriver
.Use the Page Object Pattern to have more resilient tests.Provides controls for a Page Object.Stores a URL and URL parameters parsed from that URL for caching purposes inFluentPage
.Exception type to be thrown when a screenshot taking process couldn't finish.Control interface for selenium underlying web driver.


Education and Certifications
Queens College | Bachelor of Arts in Computer ScienceExpected June 2024
New York City College of Technology | Associate’s in Computer Information SystemsGraduated 2017
CompTIA Security+ CertificationJuly 2022
CompTIA CySA+ CertificationAugust 2023
Experience
-
Cyber Security Research Team LeadMarch 2022- May 2023
ISACA New York Metropolitan Chapter | Queens, NY
- Supervised and delegated tasks to the Cyber Security Research Team, ensuring timely completion of assignments.
- Conducted regular meetings to review progress, provide guidance, and ensure team cohesion.
- Led Queens College to placing top 3 in the cyber security research case study competition in Spring 2023.
-
Network Technology InternJune 2018-August 2018
Sutphin Boulevard Business Improvement District | Queens, NY
- Installed and configured wireless network equipment to improve connectivity.
- Collaborated as a team member to foster strong relationships with local businesses.
- Conducted company interviews and facilitated the online presence of businesses to meet project deadlines.
-
Corporate Citizen InternJune 2014 - August 2014
IBM | Queens, NY
- Collaborated with a team to create and deliver presentations on effective business pitch techniques.
- Proactively enhanced HTML and CSS abilities through personal development.
- Devised persuasive pitches and offered recommendations for enhancing products.
Skills
- WAN, LAN, VPN | Kali Linux | Windows | Networking | Java | C++ | HTML | SQL | Wireshark | Microsoft Office Suite
Projects and Research
-
CSAW CTF ‘21
- Ranked in the top 40% among over 1200 teams in the CSAW qualifier competition.
-
Trend Micro Threat Defense Challenge CTF ‘21
- Achieved third place by efficiently utilizing Trend Micro's Vision One XDR platform for incident response.
-
YU CTF ‘22
- Secured a sixth place ranking in a CTF competition, leveraging expertise in OSINT, forensics, and program analysis.
Leadership
-
Queens College- Cybersecurity Club (President)August 2022-Present
- Collaborated with fellow executive board members to plan events aimed at raising awareness about cyber security.
- Managed the club's social media presence, leading to a 100% increase in viewership and membership over the past month.
- Contributed to the club's success in annual cyber security case study competitions against other cyber chapters.
- Organized career development events in cyber security, attracting the participation of more than 10 Fortune 500 companies.
-
Queens College- Cybersecurity Club (Treasurer)June 2021-August 2022
- Collaborated with fellow executive board members to plan events aimed at raising awareness about cyber security.
- Managed the club's finances, and attended budget meetings, working as an intermediary between Queens College and the club.


HTML Quine
A Quine program is one which takes no input and produces its own source code as its output. This HTML script displays the HTML code on the browser including the tags. This is done using the style tag.


Preprocessing.Preprocessing module¶
- class Preprocessing.Preprocessing.Preprocessing(full=True)[source]¶
Bases:
object
Class Preprocessing used to pre-process data before using machine learning algorithm
- getMNISTPreprocessedTestData()[source]¶
Get preprocessed test dataset
- self.x_test_preprocessuint8 numpy array
testing data with shape (10000, 28, 28, 1)
- getMNISTPreprocessedTestLabel()[source]¶
Get preprocessed test labels
- self.y_test_preprocessuint8 numpy array
training digit labels with shape (10000, 10)
- getMNISTPreprocessedTrainData()[source]¶
Get preprocessed training dataset
- self.x_train_preprocessuint8 numpy array
training data with shape (60000, 28, 28, 1)
- getMNISTPreprocessedTrainLabel()[source]¶
Get preprocessed training labels
- self.y_train_preprocessuint8 numpy array
training digit labels with shape (60000, 10)
- getMNISTTestData()[source]¶
Get the test dataset
- self.x_testuint8 numpy array
testing data with shape (10000, 28, 28)
- getMNISTTestLabel()[source]¶
Get the test labels
- self.y_testuint8 numpy array
training digit labels with shape (10000,)
- getMNISTTrainData()[source]¶
Get the training dataset
- self.x_trainuint8 numpy array
training data with shape (60000, 28, 28)
- getMNISTTrainLabel()[source]¶
Get the training labels
- self.y_trainuint8 numpy array
training digit labels with shape (60000,)
- preprocess_data(x_train, y_train, x_test, y_test)[source]¶
Method which preprocess the data to be used by CNN model
- x_trainuint numpy array
training digit data with shape (60000, 28, 28)
- y_trainuint numpy array
training digit labels with shape (60000,)
- x_testuint numpy array
testing digit labels with shape (10000, 28, 28)
- y_testuint numpy array
testing digit labels with shape (10000,)
- x_trainuint numpy preprocess array
training digit data with shape (60000, 28, 28, 1)
- y_trainuint numpy preprocess array
training digit labels with shape (60000, 10)
- x_testuint numpy preprocess array
testing digit labels with shape (10000, 28, 28, 1)
- y_testuint numpy preprocess array
testing digit labels with shape (10000, 10)


Union-friendly deals bashed
by The Canadian PressConstruction workers and independent contractors gathered at the B.C. legislature Tuesday, demanding the New Democrat government scrap union friendly public project agreements.
Opposition Liberal Leader Andrew Wilkinson says the government's Community Benefits Agreements discriminate against workers who are not members of unions with deals to build major public projects.
He says members of the Christian Labour Association, Progressive Contractors Association and the Canada West Union are at the legislature to speak out against the agreements that discriminate against workers who are not members of favoured unions.
Premier John Horgan says B.C. is enjoying a construction boom where unemployment is the lowest in Canada, and among the hundreds of project sites across the province, the government has Community Benefits Agreements on three public projects.
He says those projects are the replacement of the Pattullo Bridge in New Westminster, the Broadway SkyTrain line in Vancouver and widening of the Trans-Canada Highway from the Alberta boundary to Kamloops.
Transportation Minister Claire Trevena says the Community Benefits Agreements include clauses that ensure large numbers of apprentice workers are part of the workforce.


Disallows unused expression statements.
Unused expressions are expression statements which are not assignments or function calls (and thus usually no-ops).
Detects potential errors where an assignment or function call was intended. Also detects constructs such as
new SomeClass()
, where a constructor is used solely for its side effects, which is considered poor style.
Not configurable.
"no-unused-expression": true
{}


The website of our research group was moved to Github. Everything is under construction. We are still learning how to improve the webpages. Thanks for your attention.
This website is build with Jelyll and the template of Project Pages.
Fundamentals
Github provides a simple way to build and host a static website or blogs. It surports Jelyll, a simple, extendable, static site generator, and markdown language to wirte the website pages.
-
Basic knowledge about Github Pages.
-
Knowledge about Jekyll.
- Our website is based on the Project Pages template. I moved the blog page to an individual webpage, by adding the following line in _config.yml:
paginate_path: "/blog/page:10/"
- For publication list, I used the bibjekyll plugin. On Windows, beside bibtex2html, you also need to install the bibtex.exe. I installed the CTEX packges to have it.
A more detailed description on how to maintain a website with Jekyll can be found here.
Installation
-
Install Jekyll following comments here.
- Install jekyll-paginate plugin :
gem install jekyll-paginate
- Install bibjekyll plugin following comments here and add the path of Bibtex2html to system path variable.
Build
- Preview locally ：
jekyll serve
Then visit http://localhost:4000 to preview the webpages.
- Build to other directory ：
jekyll build --destination ..\jiminliang.github.io
- Done. Publish it with Git.


Please read the descriptions below to learn more about each team member.
Manager
ID: 34
Office Number: 6
Engineer
ID: 5
ID: 6
Intern
ID: 23
School: Keiser
ID: 58
School: FIU


Dan Frank * @danielhfrank * github.com/danielhfrank
We've hit many pitfalls. They've led to many better design decisions,
but we haven't recorded them anywhere.
Sharing x Discussion = Win for everyone
Exit logic and concurrency
func doStuff(workChan chan *work, exitChan chan struct{}){
for {
select{
case msg := <- workChan:
// do some work
case <- exitChan:
break
}
}
// cleanup
}
Seems pretty clear what the author intended, but what will actually happen here?
The break will only break out of the select statement!
No shortage of options to fix, I prefer replacing with return
func doStuff(workChan chan *work, exitChan chan struct{}){
defer func(){ //cleanup
}()
for {
select{
case msg := <- workChan:
// do some work
case <- exitChan:
return
}
}
}
What happens when both channels have messages?
Select picks from one of them arbitrarily!
func doStuff(workChan chan *work, exitChan chan struct{}){
defer func(){ //cleanup
}()
for {
select{
case msg := <- workChan:
// do some work
default:
select{
case <- exitChan:
return
default:
}
}
}
}
We can communicate the end of messages on a channel using the close statement, and iterate using the range statement
func doStuff(workChan chan *work){
for msg := range workChan {
// do some work
}
// cleanup
}
Close the incoming channel elsewhere when you are ready to quit
func doStuff(workChan chan *work, otherChan *work, exitChan chan struct{}){
defer func(){ //cleanup
}()
for {
select{
case msg := <- workChan:
// do some work
case otherMsg := <- otherChan:
// do some other kind of work
case <- exitChan:
return
}
}
}
How to correctly handle arbitrary selects when muxing over multiple channels?
Reads lines from stdin and publishes them to an http endpoint
bit.ly/file2http
First attempt: ALL THE GOROUTINES
func main(){
reader := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
for {
line, err := reader.ReadString('\n')
if err != nil {
break
}
go publish(line)
}
}
Better: parellelize requests, but know numPublishers
func publish(msgChan chan []byte) {
for msg := range msgChan {
// publish it (might take a long time!)
}
}
func main(){
msgChan := make(chan []byte, 5)
for i := 0, i < numPublishers, i++ {
go publish(msgChan)
}
for {
// read line and handle error
msgChan <- line
}
close(msgChan)
}
Program will exit with msgs still in the channel buffer!
Unfortunately, unbuffering doesn't quite solve our problems
The goroutine that picks the value off the channel can and will get interrupted by the main goroutine exiting
Quite simply, worker goroutines need to be able to tell the main goroutine when they are done
OK, take two
func publish(msgChan chan []byte, doneChan chan bool) {
for msg := range msgChan {
// publish it (might take a long time!)
}
doneChan <- true // signal completion
}
func main(){
msgChan := make(chan []byte, 5)
doneChan := make(chan bool)
for i := 0, i < numPublishers, i++ {
go publish(msgChan, doneChan)
}
for {
// read line and handle error
msgChan <- line
}
close(msgChan)
// wait for the right number of completion signals
for i := 0, i < numPublishers, i++ {
<-doneChan
}
}
My preferred way...
func publish(msgChan chan []byte, doneChan chan bool) {
for msg := range msgChan {
// publish it (might take a long time!)
}
doneChan <- true
}
func main(){
msgChan := make(chan []byte, 5)
doneChan := make(chan bool)
for i := 0, i < numPublishers, i++ {
go publish(msgChan, doneChan)
// each time we fire off publish, make sure we wait
defer func(){<-doneChan}()
}
for {
// read line and handle error
msgChan <- line
}
close(msgChan)
}
Streamline with sync.WaitGroup
func publish(msgChan chan []byte, waitGroup *sync.WaitGroup) {
for msg := range msgChan {
// publish it (might take a long time!)
}
waitGroup.Done()
}
func main(){
msgChan := make(chan []byte, 5)
waitGroup := &sync.WaitGroup{}
waitGroup.Add(numPublishers)
for i := 0, i < numPublishers, i++ {
go publish(msgChan, waitGroup)
}
for {
// read line and handle error
msgChan <- line
}
close(msgChan)
waitGroup.Wait()
}
Now is a good time to politely run for the exits
Or ask questions
Or take issue with anything I've said up to this point
"Object Oriented Programming" in Go
...otherwise known as, "use interfaces"
or, James Gosling's nightmare
The caller of a method doesn't need to know exactly what type of object it is calling, the "right" method will still get called
Within constraints of the language's type system, of course
Going boldly where many have failed before...
Base type: Knicks Fan
Subtype: Newly Converted Nets Fan
Let's look at how they behave in a traditional object oriented language
public class KnicksFan extends Object {
public void cheer(){
System.out.println("Go Knicks!");
}
}
public class NewlyConvertedNetsFan extends KnicksFan {
@Override
public void cheer(){
System.out.println("Go Nets!");
}
}
public class MadisonSquareGarden extends Object {
public static void makeSomeNoise(KnicksFan fan){
fan.cheer();
}
public static void main(String... args) {
NewlyConvertedNetsFan conflictedFan = new NewlyConvertedNetsFan();
makeSomeNoise(conflictedFan); // prints "Go Nets!"
}
}
Works in Python too
class KnicksFan(object):
def cheer(self):
print "Go Knicks!"
class NewlyConvertedNetsFan(KnicksFan):
def cheer(self):
print "Go Nets!"
if __name__ == '__main__':
fan = NewlyConvertedNetsFan()
print isinstance(fan, KnicksFan) # True
fan.cheer() # Go Nets!
Now let's try the same thing in Go!
We've heard that embedding is just like inheritance but better, so we'll use that
type KnicksFan struct{}
func (k *KnicksFan) Cheer(){
log.Println("Go Knicks")
}
type NewlyConvertedNetsFan struct{
KnicksFan
}
func (n *NewlyConvertedNetsFan) Cheer(){
log.Println("Go Nets")
}
func MakeSomeNoise(f *KnicksFan){
f.Cheer()
}
func main(){
conflictedFan := &NewlyConvertedNetsFan{}
MakeSomeNoise(conflictedFan)
}
Doesn't compile!
Ken taught me that thinking before debugging is extremely important. If you dive into the bug, you tend to fix the local issue in the code, but if you think about the bug first, how the bug came to be, you often find and correct a higher-level problem in the code that will improve the design and prevent further bugs.
-Rob Pike
Screw that, we just want it to compile!
type KnicksFan struct{}
func (k *KnicksFan) Cheer(){
log.Println("Go Knicks")
}
type NewlyConvertedNetsFan struct{
KnicksFan
}
func (n *NewlyConvertedNetsFan) Cheer(){
log.Println("Go Nets")
}
func MakeSomeNoise(f *KnicksFan){
f.Cheer()
}
func main(){
conflictedFan := &NewlyConvertedNetsFan{}
MakeSomeNoise(&conflictedFan.KnicksFan) // <==
}
Compiles, but it prints "Go Knicks"
The problem is, we're using the wrong metaphor
How can we acheive polymorphism-like behavior?
Use interfaces
Specifically, the interface defines exactly which methods can have polymorphic behavior
Fixed!
type Fan interface{
Cheer()
}
type KnicksFan struct{}
func (k *KnicksFan) Cheer(){
log.Println("Go Knicks")
}
type NewlyConvertedNetsFan struct{
KnicksFan
}
func (n *NewlyConvertedNetsFan) Cheer(){
log.Println("Go Nets")
}
func MakeSomeNoise(f Fan){ // <==
f.Cheer()
}
func main(){
conflictedFan := &NewlyConvertedNetsFan{}
MakeSomeNoise(conflictedFan)
}
These slides: bit.ly/go_nuts
Made with reveal.js
Dan Frank * @danielhfrank * github.com/danielhfrank


UAW President Gary Jones resigns
Embattled leader steps down amid probe
DETROIT - - An attorney for Gary Jones says the embattled United Auto Workers President is resigning.
DETROIT - - An attorney for Gary Jones says the embattled United Auto Workers President is resigning.


GLOBUZZER
Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type
and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. It has survived not only five centuries
OUR
PACKAGES
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Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book.
from
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Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book.
from
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6 HOURS
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Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book.
from
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WANT TO
KNOW MORE?
CONTACT
US
Lindstedtsvägen 24, 4th Floor
      114 28 Stockholm, Sweden
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>+46 735 555 134


Açai is known to be the healthiest antioxidant in the entire world. Not only does Açai is the most powerful source of antioxidant in the world but, also for it's great taste.
We are here to provide the best tasting Açai in NYC. Come and taste our famous Açai in the bowl with fresh strawberries, bananas, blueberries, or customize your own bowl. We also have a huge selection of fresh smoothies, blended with Açai.


Ingredients:
2 Tbsp oil
1 1/4 cups onion, red, thinly sliced
650 g pork, kasim, cut into chunks
1 pouch DEL MONTE Filipino Style Tomato Sauce (200g)
2 cups water
3/4 cup carrot, cut into cubes
3/4 cup potato, cut into cubes
1 1/2 tsp salt
1 cup all-purpose cream
Preparation
1. In a pot, sauté onions until translucent.
2. Add pork kasim and cook for 10 minutes over medium heat.
3. Pour the DEL MONTE Filipino Style Tomato Sauce and water. Cook for 30 - 45 minutes or until tender.
4. Add the carrots and potatoes, cook for 10 minutes or until tender.
5. Add in salt and cream before serving.
Ingredients
2 pieces tilapia cleaned
2 cups of coconut milk
4 cloves garlic crushed
1 piece onion chopped
1 thumb ginger cut into strips
2 pieces of long green pepper
2 pieces Thai chili pepper
1/4 teaspoon ground black pepper
2 tablespoons fish sauce
2 cups fresh spinach
3 tablespoons cooking oil
Sigarilyas (winged bean) in coconut milk, chilis and lean ground beef or pork. Technically gising gising means Wake up! Wake up! in the filipino language, tagalog. The dish is called gising gising because of the use of bird’s eye chili. It’s a very addictive spicy dish and a most wonderful way of preparing winged green beans (sigarilyas), high in vitamin A.
Sigarilyas (winged bean) in coconut milk, chilis and lean ground beef or pork. Technically gising gising means Wake up! Wake up! in the filipino language, tagalog. The dish is called gising gising because of the use of bird’s eye chili. It’s a very addictive spicy dish and a most wonderful way of preparing winged green beans (sigarilyas), high in vitamin A.
Tinola is a ginger based soup, with most of its delicious flavor coming from the bone broth from chicken or fish. The soup is rich with nutrients coming from the filipino herb malunggay, papaya or chayote wedges, and ginger.
This beef bone soup warms the heart and soul! First, make sure it’s as healthy as it can be, so get rid of the first beef and bone boil to clear out the extra fat, oil, and impurities. Then, continuously stew it with onions, potatoes, pechay (internationally known as bok choy), peppercorns, and if desired cabbage and carrot. A family favorite!
Sinigang is a sour soup owing to its notable tamarind base, stewed with a protein of choice ranging from pork, beef, shrimp, fish, or chicken, and containing loads of healthy vegetables thrown into the mix, such as okra, gabi (internationally known as taro root), long beans, onions, tomatoes, and siling haba (filipino for long chili, green in color and somewhat spicy). Sinigang is always a hit, as the explosion of flavor impresses most anyone, international or filipino. I like to compare this soup to Tom Yum for it’s sourness and vegetable (hence vitamin) content, but it is definitely VERY different.
This Eggplant salad includes grilled talong (filipino for eggplant) to remove the skin, combined with chopped fresh onion and tomatoes, with vinegar added on the top. Depending on your taste, you may add bagoong, which is shrimp paste, an extreme version of umami flavoring, to add an explosion of taste to the veggies.
In the culinary capital of Pampanga, they turn the pork's cheeks, head and liver into a sizzling dish called Sisig. The crunchy and chewy texture of this appetizer is a perfect match for a cold beer. Serve with hot sauce and Knorr seasoning to suit the preference of you and your buddies.
A Filipino-style barbecue using a popular pork part: liempo (pork belly). Arguably, the best is Cebuano style -- a slab of liempo stuffed with herbs and spices and roasted. The result is juicy flavorsome meat inside and crackling skin outside.
Nilagang baka is a traditional soup originating from the Philippines. Although there are many variations, it's usually prepared with a combination of onions, beef broth, cubed beef, baby bok choy, cabbage, plantains, potatoes, celery, star anise, salt, and pepper.
Bistek Tagalog is a traditional meat dish originating from the Philippines. It consists of thinly sliced beef that's marinated and braised in a combination of citrus juice (usually from lemon, lime, or calamansi fruit), onions, garlic, soy sauce, and pepper.
Rizal Corner Lopez Jaena Street | Corner Lopez Jaena Streets, Ormoc, Leyte Province 6541, Philippines Takeout, Delivery, Seating Filipino, Fast Food, Asian Dinner, Brunch HK$8 +63 53 561 6277 Excellent 51%Good 38%Satisfactory 11%Poor 0%
134 Real Street | District 22, Ormoc, Leyte Province 6541, Philippines Takeout, Reservations, Seating, Waitstaff, Parking Available, Television, Serves Alcohol, Wheelchair Accessible Filipino, Asian, Barbecue Dinner, Lunch, Brunch HK$16 - HK$47 +63 53 832 2042 Excellent 54%Good 29%Satisfactory 17%Poor 0%Terrible
Larrazabal Street | Twin Terraces Building, Ormoc, Leyte Province, Philippines Reservations, Seating, Waitstaff, Takeout, Wheelchair Accessible Filipino, Seafood, Asian, Soups Lunch, Dinner, Brunch Excellent 36%Good 36%Satisfactory 24%Poor 0%Terrible
Jose Navarro St., Ormoc, Leyte Province, Philippines Seating, Waitstaff, Takeout, Outdoor Seating, Serves Alcohol Cafe Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner Excellent 20%Good 40%Satisfactory 26%Poor 14%Terrible
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Permissions are fine-grained controls that determine what actions
a user can take in the system. There is a detailed description
under each permission which describes the set of accesses that
permission grants.
Some permissions automatically imply other permissions. For
example, the UserWrite
permission implies the
UserRead
permission. In general, you cannot grant
permission to write to a resource without also granting permission
to read it.
Finally, you can only grant a permission if you also have that
permission on your account. You can remove permissions that you do
not have, but you will not be able to add them back.


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|
CRay Engine Mini
|
Base engine functions for rendering operations and general resource handling. More...
Functions | |
| void | CR_init () |
| Initializes the rendering engine. This must be the first function call. More... | |
| void | CR_destroy () |
| Destroys any internal allocations. This is only necessary if multiple rendering operations are to be performed. More... | |
| void | CR_start () |
| Starts the rendering operation: performs scene preprocessing, initializes threads and starts rendering. More... | |
| void | CR_stop () |
| Issues a request to stop any running rendering operations. More... | |
| void | CR_clearScene () |
| Clears any internal scene data, e.g. cameras, acceleration structures, lights, materials, etc. This is needed only if a subsequent rendering operation is to be performed. More... | |
| bool | CR_started () |
| Queries the renderer if a start command has been issued. More... | |
| bool | CR_finished () |
| Queries the renderer if rendering has finished. More... | |
Base engine functions for rendering operations and general resource handling.
| void CR_clearScene | ( | ) |
Clears any internal scene data, e.g. cameras, acceleration structures, lights, materials, etc. This is needed only if a subsequent rendering operation is to be performed.
| void CR_destroy | ( | ) |
Destroys any internal allocations. This is only necessary if multiple rendering operations are to be performed.
| bool CR_finished | ( | ) |
Queries the renderer if rendering has finished.
| void CR_init | ( | ) |
Initializes the rendering engine. This must be the first function call.
| void CR_start | ( | ) |
Starts the rendering operation: performs scene preprocessing, initializes threads and starts rendering.
| bool CR_started | ( | ) |
Queries the renderer if a start command has been issued.
| void CR_stop | ( | ) |
Issues a request to stop any running rendering operations.


The mandelbrot set is the poster boy of the fractal world. Infinite complexity from a simple iterated polynomial. It also makes a good test case for playing with the html canvas tag! View Project »


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TargetDeclaration Class
Definition at line
66
of
Project.hpp
Constructors
TargetDeclaration
(
Target
target_)
Member Functions
Target
GetTarget
()
const
Member Variables
Target
target
Constructor Details
TargetDeclaration Constructor
cmajor::ast::TargetDeclaration::TargetDeclaration(
Target
target_)
Definition at line
60
of
Project.cpp
:
60
:
ProjectDeclaration
(
ProjectDeclarationType
::
targetDeclaration
)
,
target
(
target_
)
61
{
62
}
Declaration at line
69
of
Project.hpp
Member Function Details
GetTarget Member Function
Target
cmajor::ast::TargetDeclaration::GetTarget()
const
Definition at line
70
of
Project.hpp
:
70
{
return
target
;
}
Called by:
cmajor::ast::Project::ResolveDeclarations
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