Vector data handling¶
In the Fusion Vector Resource dialog, you can select options for processing your source files:
- Ignore bad features. By default, Fusion reports any issues related to reading features and their attributes from source files and fails to ingest the data. A reported “bad feature” typically means that something is wrong with the vector data file, such as “Empty feature,” “Invalid extents,” “Can’t read feature,” “Unable to get feature,” or “Unable to get attributes.” If you select “Ignore,” Fusion skips the bad features and processes the file.
- Don’t fix invalid geometries. By default, Fusion handles invalid geometry in polygon vector data files as described in the table below. If you select “Don’t fix,” Fusion ingests the vector data as-is, but it might skip the invalid geometry, process it (either correctly or incorrectly), fuse it incorrectly, or fail to fuse it at all. The result might be incorrect.
How Fusion handles geometry
| Example | Description | Fusion handling |
|---|---|---|
| Self-intersecting polygon cycles. For example, “bow tie” figures. | Fusion might skip or might not process correctly. | |
| Polygon cycles that are not properly nested. For example, an inner cycle that is partly outside the outer cycle, or cycles that cross each other within a single polygon. | Fusion might skip or might not process correctly. | |
| Fusion allows polygon cycles with touching vertices. For example, outer cycle or inner cycle vertices that touch each other. | This geometry is valid. Fusion processes correctly. | |
| Polygon cycle linestrings that have consecutive points within an XY tolerance that is equal to or less than 0.0003m. | Fusion removes the duplicate vertices. | |
| Polygon cycles with “spikes.“ A spike is defined as an angle that is equal to or less than 3.15e-3 radians. | Fusion removes the spike and merges the edges. | |
| Polygon cycles with “gores.” A gore is defined as an angle that is equal to or less than 3.15e-3 radians. | Fusion removes the gore and merges the edges. | |
| Polygon cycles with zero area. If the polygon is a triangle with an angle that is less than 3.15e-3 radians, Fusion treats it as a spike and removes it. After the spike is removed, the result is a polygon with zero area. | Fusion removes the polygon with zero area. |


Chioma reveals how and why she produces a lot of milk to feed Ifeanyi
Latest celebrity mother in town, Chioma Rowland, soon-to-be Adeleke, has taken to her social media page to share some parts of her motherhood journey with fans.
Chioma who is popular girlfriend of top musician, Davido, recently gave birth to the singer’s son to the joy of fans on social media.
After the boy’s name was revealed to be Ifeanyi, many people have taken to calling Chioma, Mama Ifeanyi.
The glowing new mother recently took to her Instastory to reveal that she actually produces a lot of breast milk to feed her son. In the screenshot of the chat shared on her page, Chioma added that it is the reason for Ifeanyi being a big baby.
See the screenshot below:
In another post, the celebrity chef showed off jars of milk she got after using the breast pump to further prove that she produces a lot of it.
Finally, Chioma shared details with her fans on how she is able to achieve the feat. According to her, she eats a lot of oats, fish, chicken, drinks water and more. See the post below:
BBNaija Tacha shows off video call with Twitter CEO Jack Dorsey on his birthday
Very interesting. Perhaps her tips will help some mothers.
Just recently, Legit.ng reported that doting father, David 'Davido' Adeleke, shared a cute snap of himself and his son, Ifeanyi, taking a nap.
From indications, a third party who had walked in on the father and son could not help taking a boomerang video as they were sleeping, seeing as the sight was too cute to be ignored.
PAY ATTENTION: Do you have news to share? Contact Legit.ng instantly
HELLO! NAIJ.com (naija.ng) upgrades to Legit.ng We keep evolving to serve our readers better
Davido Gifts Girlfriend, Chioma N45 Million Present | Legit TV


The Dormouse's story
Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were Elsie Lacie Tillie and they lived at the bottom of a well.
...


Structure
Requested vs actual
Following
Requested to follow
None
Id
Url
Offset
Last seen
Status
Pipe Offset
Pipe Ip
Pipe Host
Provider Mode
Provider version
Provider Last Ack Offset
Provider Last Ack time
Provider Last Sent Offset
Provider Last Sent time
Provider Last Message Latency
Refresh
Autorefresh


Randomize All Traits Gender Physique Face Skin Hair Clothing Virtue Vice Speech Background Misfortune


AMAZING PEOPLE ARE MAKING AMAZING DESIGNS IN A FUN ENVIRONMENT
When you work with us, you are part of a team of committed colaborators.All aspects of our software development process are intergrated, interactive and agile.
Our approach unifies design, development and product management to create exceptional products.
We start each project by understanding your buisness goals, The user's needs and the product requirments.
Then we help translate them into effective and elegant solutions.
Before we sign a contract or write a line of code our team will spend the necessary time needed to understand your product vision
The outcome of this scoping session is a proposal or high level statement of work.
based on your requirments we can provide a complete offering or just the pieces you need
DESIGN
Our design practice offers a full range of services including brand strategy, interaction and visual design and user experience testing.
Throughout your project, our designers create and implement visual design and workflows, solicit user feedback and work with you to make sure what gets built is what is needed.
DEVELOPMENT
All engineers are fluent in the latest enterprise, mobile and web development technologies. They collaborate with your team to write, and improve code on a daily basis, using proven practices such as test-driven development and pair programming.
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
Planning and development is iterative. Because we are constantly coding and testing, the products we build are always ready to go live.
This iterative process allows for changes as business requirements evolve.


WITNESS LIST Environmental Regulation Committee April 8, 1999-1:00P HB 1910 Committee Substitute (Talton) For: Clayton, Bill (Envirocare of Texas) Against: Addington, Bill (Self and Sierra Blanca Legal Defense Fund and Save Sierra Blanca) Darling, Donald (Self) Dolley, John (Self) Fleming, Gena (Self) Geyer, Bob (Sierra Blanca Legal Defense Fund) Hadden, Karen (Self) Reza, Alfredo (Self) Schroeder, Dave R. (Self) Solar, Susan Lee (Self and Grandmothers Alliance for the Future) On: Bell, Doug (Texas Low-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Authority) Kramer, Ken (Lone Star Chapter, Sierra Club) Mathews, Lee (Texas Low-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Authority) Ratliff, Richard (Texas Department of Health, Bureau of Radiation Control)


9:00pm
My partner and I both ingest 190mg Methylone in a gel cap.
9:15pm
First alerts. Feels like generic amphetamine creeping up.
9:30pm
Amphetamine-like feelings start to give way to more MDMA-like feelings.
10:00pm
Now it's pretty much fully developed. MDMA-like, except with a clearer headspace. My partner says she thinks this is better than MDMA. I tend to agree at this point, but only on the basis that MDMA has pretty much lost its magic for me. We decide it's time to get naked and we fool around in the bedroom for a while. Talking is nice and there is definitely a solid empathogenic quality to this drug.
10:30pm
My heartrate is pretty elevated. The clear-headed mindspace is starting to give way to a more scattered and confused mindspace.  Reminds me very much of an E pill cut with amphetamine, because my heart is racing with no sign of chilling out any time soon. There is a definite visual quality to this drug... things look 'softer' and shift slowly in my visual field.
12:00pm
Allright, at this point I'm pretty much flashing back to every bad MDMA/Ecstasy comedown I've ever had.  What made me think I could take Methylone? Damn... starting to regret this.
12:30am
Around this time I smoked a bowl.  Like +++ tripping. Generic cross between MDA and 2C-B like visuals. The trip itself reminds me of 2C-B, which I consider a very sinister and counter-productive psychedelic. And I can imagine my neurotransmitters self destructing.  At this point I'm pretty much insane, my body feels like a bad Ecstasy comedown and my mind is just.... tired..... sad.... and also trying to analyze the nature of this weird drug.
3:00am
Not wearing off one bit.  I am emotionally beat. It's been a looooong time since I've let a drug get the best of me like this.  The Methylone has hijacked my brain into a way of thinking that I have tried to put aside a long time ago when I gave up 'evil' pseudo-psychedelics like MDMA, MDA, 2C-B. I am not willing to give in to the effects of this drug. I simply won't.
4:00am
I am forced to eat some Xanax (probably 2-3mg) to chill out and eventually get some sleep.
...................
In my opinion, Methylone is total garbage. If you are looking for a hedonistic good time or you are still enamored and amazed by the effects of MDMA you might like this.
If you are like me and find 2C-B to be garbage and MDMA to be pretty much useless and shallow, I doubt you will find anything better out of methylone. Personally I really dislike these kinds of drugs, and find them physically and mentally taxing. Methylone was just as bad.
The +++ level visuals I got were an unwelcome surprise. Perhaps smoking pot caused this to happen, because my partner got barely any 'psychedelic' effects. However, this is *NOT* a true psychedelic. For me, this was a sinister drug that wears many layers of masks.
I was taken into a 'spirit world' which forced me to come face to face with negative thoughts. The drug left me feeling weak in both body and mind. It was a very draining experience and something I will never repeat again.
......
In conclusion, this is the worst drug experience I've had in a very long time.

Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


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December 19, 2002
Guinea pigs destroy house
Boston Globe | Submitted by: Barroo42
"The owner had given more than 440 guinea pigs free run of his house in a
prosperous subdivision of brick ranch houses near Detroit. On Monday, a
demolition crew leveled the three-bedroom house and hauled away the rubble...
The rodents were crawling through every room as well as in the walls, duct
work and furnace, said city building department spokesman Robert Hudson. Urine
had soaked through the subfloors into the basement."
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Read article...
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Muslim round up in California, 1940's style
Wire Services | Submitted by: perdita
"Shocked and frustrated Islamic and immigrant groups estimate that more than
500 people have been arrested in Los Angeles, neighboring Orange County and San
Diego in the past three days under a new nationwide anti-terrorism program.
Some unconfirmed reports put the figure as high as 1,000."
Oh yes, this will get people to register. Mmm hmm.
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Read article... and
This article...
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Baby induced so Dad doesn't miss soccer game
Mirror | Submitted by: Nezzer
"Richard Wright's wife had her baby induced so he would not miss Everton's
derby match against arch-rivals Liverpool this weekend... Doctors gave his wife
Kelly an injection to make the couple's daughter Bo arrive a week early. Wright
had no regrets, but he came under fire from childbirth experts."
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Read article...
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Dog genitals put in woman's mailbox
Bowling Green Daily News | Submitted by: dog news
"A Simpson County woman was just beginning to deal with what she thought
was the Dec. 6 death of her pet Great Pyrenees in U.S. 31-W traffic when part
of the dog’s genitalia was found in a cigar box Friday in the mailbox
where she works."
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Read article...
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Afghan Supreme Court clamps down on obscene TV
BBC | Submitted by: Rev. Soror Lucy Cannon
"The Afghan Supreme Court, in a move reminiscent of the Taliban, has
shut down a cable TV operator for transmitting un-Islamic content,
including "obscene" Western and Indian programming. Those racy Bollywood
romantic musicals are bound to corrupt Afghan morals. Female singers
are also banned from Afghan radio."
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Read article...
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Pizza Topped with pubic hair
WNBC-TV 4 New York | Submitted by: Fatty
"Two people suing a Domino's Pizza claim they found pubic hair on their pizza,
and want DNA tested to prove it, a lawyer said. Michael Widrick and Rhonda
LaParr got small, wiry hairs stuck in their teeth as they bit into their order
last November, according to attorney Eric T. Swartz. They froze the pizza as
evidence, he said." Just order the Clarence Thomas.
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Babar joins the Circus
Wire Services | Submitted by: Son of Benway
"Bound and dragged from his mother into a crude wooden enclosure, three year
old Plai Boonsom screams as he is beaten on head and body with metal hooks.
The ritual, carried out daily for up to a week, is part of a young Thai
elephant's training by villagers for a working life entertaining tourists in
Thailand... 'When it's done well, there may be a little bit of physical pain,
but it's more like the trauma of being separated from your mother on the first
day of school, you cry and scream.'"
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Read article...
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C'mon now...were the patients BLIND?
New York Post | Submitted by: Marla Jones
"A Queens couple was sentenced to prison time yesterday for posing as plastic
surgeons and injecting their clients with an illegal wrinkle remedy that caused
life-threatening infections." But look at this woman's mugshot. Jeebus.
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Make pretend cancer
MSNBC | Submitted by: DTinDC
"Police say a woman tried to trick her daughter and community into
thinking the girl had cancer so she could raise money, even going so
far as to shave the 7 year old’s head, give her sleeping pills and
put her in counseling to prepare to die."
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London mayor vs. fat pigeon guerillas
This Is London | Submitted by: Son of Benway
"The Mayor has applied for a by-law to stop a small group of campaigners
arriving each lunchtime with 100kg sacks of bird food, fattening up the birds
like never before... He has now applied to Culture Secretary Tessa Jowell for
permission to bring in a by-law to tackle the "bulk feeding" of the pigeons,
which he calls 'rats with wings.'"
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Read article...
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A riot-worthy venue for Bali bombing trial
The Age | Submitted by: Son of Benway
"Bali's top prosecutor, keen to enhance the international profile of
Indonesia's criminal justice system, has raised the prospect of staging the
trials of the alleged bombing masterminds in the island capital's main
soccer stadium. 'I want as many people as possible to witness this hearing,'
said Ketut Yona, the chief of Bali's department of prosecutions... The venue
had to be able 'to give a good service to the audience', he said."
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Rael: Clones for Christmas!
Canadian Press | Submitted by: mistermagnet
The Raeleans have a present for humanity. The end in a long drawn out
saga of futuristic fertility? After all there just aren't enough babies
in the world. "The Raelians, a religious sect run by a Quebec based leader
who wants to set up an embassy for extraterrestrials, claims it will
deliver the first human clone within 14 days, CTV News reported on
Wednesday."
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Modern men prefer skinny women
Sydney Morning Herald | Submitted by: Googly
No surprise there. Big fat duh in fact. It does contradict long held view
by evolutionary biologists. However, you have to be careful about the sample:
we are talking Playboy centerfolds.
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The Decline and Fall of Red China
New Jersey Online | Submitted by: Son of Benway
"Everyone Wins," unveiled Wednesday in the booming city of Shanghai, is billed
by its creators as the first TV quiz show in the world that enriches viewers as
well as contestants... "To get rich is glorious," the late supreme leader Deng
Xiaoping proclaimed in the 1970s when he abandoned China's experiment with
communist utopianism for the profit motive. Those have been the nation's
marching orders ever since."
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Read article...
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The best ABM system ever
The Register | Submitted by: Son of Benway
"It may not be all that successful at knocking out incoming missiles yet,
but the US "son of star wars" missile defence programme has already, albeit
accidentally, spawned a death ray that can knock out motor vehicles... BMW,
Mercedes and Jeep seem particularly sensitive to the effect; rival
manufacturers might care to stake out the area with paparazzi and wait for
the recovery vehicles."
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Read article...
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Would You like fries with that, Mr. Osbourne?
Jackson Sun-News | Submitted by: ca
"I heard a crunching sound and looked at the sandwich. I saw the wing of a
dead bat sticking out of the side of the sandwich where I had tried to take a
bite. I asked her if that was a real bat and she nodded yes. I thought it was
strange that she got a smirk on her face when I started to bite into
the sandwich."
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Who supported Iraq's nuclear program?
Las Vegas Sun | Submitted by: Meerkat
Iraq releases report identifying the supplier countries for its nuclear
program. Among those listed are the USA and Britain. In other words, they
wanted to arm Saddam Hussein so he'd look threatening enough to justify
conquering his oil fields.
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Spooks go after "wrong" Michael Moore
Rense | Submitted by: Meerkat
Feds raid guy named Michael Moore. Was this a warning to the author and film
maker of the same name? "The Michael Moore raided by the Secret Service last
week is a 20-year war veteran who put his life on the line for his country
during two separate tours of duty aboard the U.S.S. Paul Revere off the coast
of Vietnam in 1971 and 1972".
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US assults Iraq with Celine Dion songs
Index of Censorship | Submitted by: Meerkat
US psyops radio station broadcasts propaganda to Iraqi citizens. In between
songs by Celine Dione and Iraqi pop stars are messages urging the citizens to
welcome the US toppling of Saddam. Included is a transcript of some of the
programming from December 18th.
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Man played the Santa and dogsex cards
Fort Wayne Journal Gazette | Submitted by: BratS
"An Angola man is accused of forcing a 4 and 5 year old to perform sexual
acts on him, each other and a dog, and telling the children Santa would not
visit if they told anyone. Timothy J. Bertoia Sr., 45, of County Road 200
North is charged with one count of child molesting, three counts of vicarious
sexual gratification, three counts of child exploitation and one count of
possession of child pornography."
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BBQ for the criminally insane
Canadian Press | Submitted by: Rufferto
"A barbecue at a psychiatric jail where potentially violent inmates frolicked
nude in a fountain, feasted on filet mignon and climbed trees in an open
courtyard was inadequately supervised, says a report by the Correctional
Service of Canada. The report says there were at least four staff members who
saw prisoners filling the fountain with a garden hose over a three-hour period
but said nothing, even though it was not a "routine event." Hope they took
inventory of the steak knives. Nice picture.
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Sharia amputees stump for more
BBC | Submitted by: fred fred
"When I was a thief, there were lots of problems, there was no money, I had
no peace. At that time, my relatives deserted me. They were all afraid of me.
But things have now changed. I now visit my relatives and they also visit me.
For this, I thank God for the amputation."
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Try the loaf
Baltimore Sun | Submitted by: Milk Bone
"Sniper suspect and vegetarian John Lee Malvo says he is getting sick from
eating the jail's meatless loaf, which is usually served to inmates for
disciplinary reasons... For the past two weeks, the Fairfax County jail has
been serving the 17-year-old Malvo "the loaf," a hodgepodge of flour, raisins,
carrots, potatoes and other ingredients baked into brown cakes."
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Read article...
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Dat's My Spider!

Inmates are not allowed to have any pets, including spiders, warden Warren
Cornell said. It's not uncommon, however, he said."
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Invisibility spell backfires
News 24 South Africa | Submitted by: heptapod
Two boys murder a man in cold blood, teenagers' parents allegedly took them to
the sangoma who smeared them with goat's blood in a ritual cleansing ceremony
in hopes of making them invisible. Neither the parents nor the sangoma will be
charged for obstructing with justice.
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Mad science: organs treated outside body
Independent | Submitted by: Avigon
"Doctors have shown that cancer patients may be cured by having organs with
tumours removed, treated then reimplanted, after Italian scientists treated a
patient's liver cancer by extracting the organ and dosing it with radiation."
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Wal Mart even more guilty
Fox News | Submitted by: Bubbasteamboat
"The lawsuit claimed managers got employees to work off the clock by asking
them to clean up the store after they had clocked out and by DELETING HOURS
from time records... Wal-Mart reprimanded employees who claimed overtime.
Workers felt forced to work after clocking out because managers assigned them
more work than they could complete in an regular shift...[Wal-Mart also] paid
$50 million two years ago to settle an off-the-clock lawsuit covering 69,000
workers in Colorado, and...$500,000 (for) a case involving 120 workers in N.M."
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Read article... and
This article...
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Charlotte Church geographically challenged
Sun | Submitted by: Ann Onymous
"Charlotte Church insulted a sellout Canadian audience by telling them:
I love being in AMERICA. Unaware of her boob, she belted out
Chestnuts Roasting On An Open Fire then walked off. Backstage advisers
told her of the clanger and she came straight back out and told the
audience: "Someone told me backstage that we're in Canada. I'm sorry. I DO
love Canada. Toronto's one of my favourite cities. I know you think I'm
lying now, but I'm not." Sure, Charlotte, we believe you, especially after
learning you said the same thing to ALL the Americans who paid big
bucks to see you when they could have been shopping and all.
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Author warns of need to tighten security
St. Petersburg Times | Submitted by: Glusker
"While scrambling to safeguard nuclear materials after Sept. 11, authorities
should also boost security at more conventional municipal facilities that, if
attacked or sabotaged, could explode and cause widespread damage and a large
number of causalities, the editor of a new book on terrorism said Wednesday.
Facilities such as fertilizer and industrial refrigeration warehouses could
under certain conditions be turned into "means of mass destruction."
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Secret underground ecstasy lair
Philadelphia Inquirer | Submitted by: GOOSTER
"51 year old Duane Michael Policelli's high-tech ecstasy lab was not only
capable of producing million pill batches in no time, but it was also located
inside a mountain. That's right.
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Read article...
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Ask Jeeves complicit in murder!
London Telegraph | Submitted by: Milk Bone
"Two days before stabbing Dennis Cottrill, 71, who was out for a walk, Thomas
Clark, 30, logged on to the Ask Jeeves website to ask: "What sentence would I
get for stabbing somebody in an unprovoked attack?"  The judge
said the pair had subjected Keith Herman to a "vicious and sustained attack,
first by kicking and bashing him and then with a knife in ways which most
civilised human beings could not begin to imagine."
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Read article...
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Tent fails to flatten do-gooder Oprah
Tiscali World Online | Submitted by: anonymous
America's most famous talk-show host, Oprah Winfrey, was handing out presents
to poor South African children when a marquee collapsed, injuring 10...
The foundation said nine people sustained minor injuries and were being treated
at the St Mary's private hospital in Umtata. A man from Cozi Hiring Services,
which supplied the marquee, had a minor head injury."
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Pipe Operators
Coconut provides support for, and in many ways is centered around the use of the pipe operator and pipeline-style function application. The word pipelining is indicative of what these operators do: data processing elements and functions are connected in series with the output of one becoming the input of the next. This makes multiple function calls more readable and simpler to implement.
The different operators are:
(|>) => pipe forward
(|*>) => multiple-argument pipe forward
(<|) => pipe backward
(<*|) => multiple-argument pipe backward
Note: refer to the documentation for information about operator precedence and associativity.
Let's look at a function call in Coconut that uses pipe forward:
obj |> .attribute |> .method(args) |> func$(args) |> .[index]


Everywhere you look, you find mini-fads and their accompanying industries. Each comes with a bunch of characteristic phrases that often yield to a kind of popular jargon. To send a text message to someone becomes “to text them.” To find information using the Google search engine becomes “to google it.” Such shortening of phrases is not unique to our time.  Languages borrow jargon from one another, because of the economy of expression they offer. Even linguistically proud France borrows “milestone” and “IP” from English, whereas it would never think of borrowing, say, “spoon.”
As puzzlists, we can help make better jargon. To show you how, we’ll abstract the phrases into letters and find an encoding in terms of bits. The marketeers can find words to fit later. We’ll be very concrete to avoid having to estimate probabilities.
Suppose that every message communicated has 60 characters and each character is one of A, B, C, or D. If you have to encode these in bits and you know nothing else, you might encode them as follows:
A–00 B–01 C–10 D–11
Because there are 60 characters and each character is encoded in two bits, the whole message requires 120 bits (15 bytes). Whereas this yields a far more succinct expression than the one byte per character encoding of ASCII, for example, some more information might improve things still further.
Suppose that we knew that every message of 60 characters consisted of exactly 30 As, 15 Bs, 10 Cs, and 5 Ds. What would be a good encoding in bits of the characters then?
Intuition tells us that a good encoding should render A in the fewest bits, then B, then C, and then D. It is that intuition that guided Samuel Morse in his invention of the code that bears his name. But Information Theory could conceivably help us do better.
As originally conceived by Claude Shannon, Information Theory was closely inspired by a statistical mechanics interpretation of thermodynamics. Shannon defined a notion of “entropy” as a formula involving the probability of each character (e.g., A has probability 30/60 or 1/2; whereas D has probability 5/60 or 1/12), and logs of probabilities. The entropy describes the weighted average length of an optimal encoding in bits of a single character. The entropy formula in this case yields: (1/2 log(2)) + (1/4 log(4)) + (1/6 log(6)) + (1/12 log(12)) where all the logs are to the base 2. This comes out to about 1.73 bits per character. Of course, a designer is free to choose the encoding he or she wishes, and we choose a whole number of bits for each character, as follows:
A–1 B–01 C–000 D–001
In our encoding, sending A thirty times would cost 30, sending B 15 times would cost 30 as well, and so on. The total length would be 30 + (15 × 2) + (10 × 3) + (5 × 3) = 105 bits. This comes out to 105/60 or 1.75 bits per character. So the intuitive design is quite good.
So far, we’ve considered only the single character frequencies. We may in fact know more. For example, in English, “q” is rare and so is “u,” but “u” almost always follows “q.” So we might consider encoding “qu” as a single character. Could this help us?
Suppose that in addition to the frequencies given in the warm-up, you know that in every message B is always followed by A and D is always followed by C. Could you arrive at a shorter encoding of the message?
To be really useful, jargon must reduce long phrases to a word or two. So, let’s see if we can simulate that case.
Suppose that in addition to the frequencies given in the warm-up, you know that in every message, D is always followed by C, C is always followed by B, and B is always followed by A. Could you arrive at an even shorter encoding of a 60-character message? Which phrases should be rendered as jargon?
English is famous for its exceptions to almost all rules (e.g., the country “Iraq” has a “q” that is not followed by a “u”). Such exceptions could force an optimal encoding to include a codeword for “q” as well as one for “qu.” But if there were many exceptions, then the extra codewords might not be worth it. Let’s see how this plays out in our mini-language.
Suppose that in addition to the frequencies given in the warm-up, you know that in every message, D is always followed by C, C is always followed by B, and B is followed by A 13 out of 15 times? What is the shortest encoding you could find of a 60-character message?


If you ever want to contact me, please get in touch via the social icons at the bottom of the page or via the methods below.
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{% extends "base.html" %} {% block content %}
All of earth’s creatures have, hidden within their beings, the wild, uncontrollable urge to punt.


{% extends 'course/basetest.html' %} {% load staticfiles %} {% block content %}
You can apply to get credit for having completed this course. Once the credit has been granted, you can:
Share with employers and friends on your social media accounts that you've succeeded in completing this course.
Track what you've learned so you'll know where you are going with your education.
Congradulations, you have been granted full credit for completing this class!
We hope you go out to change and inspire the world as a Leader


| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| Add_counter |
This activity allows user to add a new counter base on the user's inputs
The Counter created by this activity will be saved by the main page activity into a countersList and will be saved in a file for future puposes This user interface will check whether user's input is vaild or not and will ask for a correct input |
| BuildConfig | |
| Counter |
This class describes a Counter object that are used through Counter Book application
this object Counter implements a spectial interface called Parcelable,
this object can be passed between different activities since it implements Parcelable interface
the example I followed : https://developer.android.com/reference/android/os/Parcelable.html
|
| Detail |
This class shows the detail information about this Counter and allows user to either do the increment or decrement to the current value
Also this activty allows user to reset the current value to the init value, and update the date in the same time; |
| Edit_page |
This class is the edit page of this application,
This activity allows user to edit on the Counter instance except for the date This activity also shows the detail information about the selected Counter |
| ExampleInstrumentedTest |
Instrumentation test, which will execute on an Android device.
|
| ExampleUnitTest |
Example local unit test, which will execute on the development machine (host).
|
| MainPage |
This class is the main page (main activity) of this application,
this activity shows the Counters list and a new button which allows user to jump into new_counter activity and create a new counter on top of this page has a total number of exist counter; the counters list contains counter's name , counter's date and counter's current value the view list of this page are clickable and it will jump into the detail activity |
| R | |
| R.anim | |
| R.animator | |
| R.attr | |
| R.bool | |
| R.color | |
| R.dimen | |
| R.drawable | |
| R.id | |
| R.integer | |
| R.layout | |
| R.mipmap | |
| R.string | |
| R.style | |
| R.styleable |


Note
Click here to download the full example code
2.3.1. BMCF – Backscattered optical field components¶
This examples demonstrates backscattered optical field components using the bidirectional model for the complex field (BMCF), described in Ref. [1].
In particular, this example reproduces the propagation scenario shown in Fig. 1(a) of Ref. [1]. The figure shows the evolution of a soliton of duration \(t_{\rm{S}}=50\,\mathrm{fs}\), center frequency \(\omega_{\rm{S}}=2.23548\,\mathrm{rad/fs}\), and soliton order \(N_{\rm{S}}=3.54\). For a detailed discussion, see Ref. [1].
- References:
[1] Sh. Amiranashvili, A. Demircan, Hamiltonian structure of propagation equations for ultrashort optical pulses, Phys. Rev. E 10 (2010) 013812, http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.82.013812.
import fmas
import numpy as np
from fmas.grid import Grid
from fmas.models import BMCF
from fmas.solver import IFM_RK4IP
from fmas.analytic_signal import AS
from fmas.propagation_constant import PropConst, define_beta_fun_fluoride_glass_AD2010
from fmas.tools import change_reference_frame, plot_evolution
def main():
# -- INITIALIZATION STAGE
# ... DEFINE SIMULATION PARAMETERS
t_max = 3500./2 # (fs)
t_num = 2**14 # (-)
z_max = 50.0e3 # (micron)
z_num = 100000 # (-)
z_skip = 100 # (-)
c0 = 0.29979 # (micron/fs)
n2 = 1. # (micron^2/W) FICTITIOUS VALUE ONLY
wS = 2.32548 # (rad/fs)
tS = 50.0 # (fs)
NS = 3.54 # (-)
# ... PROPAGGATION CONSTANT
beta_fun = define_beta_fun_fluoride_glass_AD2010()
pc = PropConst(beta_fun)
chi = (8./3)*pc.beta(wS)*c0/wS*n2
# ... COMPUTATIONAL DOMAIN, MODEL, AND SOLVER
grid = Grid( t_max = t_max, t_num = t_num, z_max = z_max, z_num = z_num)
model = BMCF(w=grid.w, beta_w=pc.beta(grid.w), chi = chi)
solver = IFM_RK4IP( model.Lw, model.Nw)
# -- SET UP INITIAL CONDITION
LD = tS*tS/np.abs( pc.beta2(wS) )
A0 = NS*np.sqrt(8*c0/wS/n2/LD)
Eps_0w = AS(np.real(A0/np.cosh(grid.t/tS)*np.exp(1j*wS*grid.t))).w_rep
solver.set_initial_condition( grid.w, Eps_0w)
# -- PERFORM Z-PROPAGATION
solver.propagate( z_range = z_max, n_steps = z_num, n_skip = z_skip)
# -- SHOW RESULTS
utz = change_reference_frame(solver.w, solver.z, solver.uwz, pc.vg(wS))
plot_evolution( solver.z, grid.t, utz,
t_lim = (-500,500), w_lim = (-10.,10.), DO_T_LOG = True, ratio_Iw=1e-15)
if __name__=='__main__':
main()
Total running time of the script: ( 10 minutes 9.831 seconds)


The Obscure Phonetic Alphabet
A - Affect
B - Becker
C - Cistern
D - Dot Tumblr Dot Com
E - Effect
F - Funicular
G - Guzzler
H - Herbs
I - Insufferabilityism
J - Jorts
K - Klout
L - Lupus
M - Movember
N - Nary
O - Orkut
P - Phonetic
Q - Queue
R - Are we still talking about this?
S - Sendhil Ramamurthy
T - Two Guys, A Girl, And A Pizza Place
U - ¨
V - Vandola
W - Wrechjer
X - Xi
Y - Yggdrasil, from which Odin hung
Z - Zaftig


| Actor Name | Throughput | Max Mailbox Size | Max Time in Mailbox | Path | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Message Information | |
|---|---|
| Processed | |
| Tell | |
| Ask | |
| Mailbox Information | |
| Max mailbox size | 2 |
| Max mailbox size time | |
| Max time in mailbox | |
| Max time in mailbox time | |
| Mean mailbox size | |
| Mean time in mailbox | |
| Deviations | |
| Errors | |
| Warnings | |
| Dead letters | |
| Unhandled messages |
You can see actor information here
So far there has been no activity in your application or you're running an unsupported version of Akka.


Do not use trash to clear the screen. Simply select >Run to run again and the screen will clear automatically. Refreshing the browser window also clears the previous run.
Trash is used only to discard useless study parameter settings, such as typos, incorrect settings, or obsolete settings no longer needed.
Do not trash studys that other people might be looking for later.
If you trash some parameters and later want those restored, look in the trash tab
Clicking the Keep button is safe and does nothing beyond dismissing this message
Robot Trading Lab
Copyright 2016 Paul Brewer
Economic & Financial Technology Consulting LLC


Baseball
The Home Team is at bat in the bottom of an inning.
The Visiting Team is at bat at the top of an inning.


--- title: Construct a Crossed Column type: docs repo: https://github.com/rstudio/tfestimators menu: main: name: Construct a Crossed Column - tfestimators parent: tfestimators-reference aliases: - /reference/tfestimators/column_crossed.html - /tfestimators/reference/column_crossed.html - /guide/tfestimators/reference/column_crossed.html - /tools/tools/tfestimators/reference/column_crossed.html - /installation/tfestimators/reference/column_crossed.html - /tutorials/tfestimators/reference/column_crossed.html - /guide/tools/tfestimators/reference/column_crossed.html - /deploy/tfestimators/reference/column_crossed.html - /tools/tfestimators/reference/column_crossed.html - /tutorials/tools/tfestimators/reference/column_crossed.html ---
Returns a column for performing crosses of categorical features. Crossed
features will be hashed according to hash_bucket_size
.
column_crossed(keys, hash_bucket_size, hash_key = NULL)
| keys | An iterable identifying the features to be crossed. Each element can be either:
|
| hash_bucket_size | The number of buckets (> 1). |
| hash_key | Optional: specify the hash_key that will be used by the
|
A crossed column.
ValueError: If len(keys) < 2
.
ValueError: If any of the keys is neither a string nor categorical column.
ValueError: If any of the keys is _HashedCategoricalColumn
.
ValueError: If hash_bucket_size < 1
.


convert
your data typesBest practise of data analysis is to fix data types directly after importing data into R. This helps in many ways:
Additionally, if every column is converted to its appropriate data type then you won’t be surprised by data type errors the next time you run the script.
convert(.x, ...)
where .x
is a data frame. ...
is a placeholder for data type specific conversion functions.
convert
must be used in conjunction with data type conversion functions:
chr
converts to character.num
converts to numeric.int
converts to integer.lgl
converts to logical.fct
converts to factor.dte
converts to date.dtm
converts to date time.Imagine you have a data frame where you want to change columns:
a
and b
to numericalc
to dated
and e
to characterThen you can write:
df %>% convert(num(a, b), dte(c), chr(d, e))
The easiest way to understand how simple convert
is to use is with examples. Have a look at the a gapminder dataset from the package gapminder
:
#> # A tibble: 1,704 x 6
#> country continent year lifeExp pop gdpPercap
#> <fct> <fct> <int> <dbl> <int> <dbl>
#> 1 Afghanistan Asia 1952 28.8 8425333 779.
#> 2 Afghanistan Asia 1957 30.3 9240934 821.
#> 3 Afghanistan Asia 1962 32.0 10267083 853.
#> 4 Afghanistan Asia 1967 34.0 11537966 836.
#> # … with 1,700 more rows
We might want to change the country column to character instead of factor. To do this we use chr
together with the column name inside convert
:
#> # A tibble: 1,704 x 6
#> country continent year lifeExp pop gdpPercap
#> <chr> <fct> <int> <dbl> <int> <dbl>
#> 1 Afghanistan Asia 1952 28.8 8425333 779.
#> 2 Afghanistan Asia 1957 30.3 9240934 821.
#> 3 Afghanistan Asia 1962 32.0 10267083 853.
#> 4 Afghanistan Asia 1967 34.0 11537966 836.
#> # … with 1,700 more rows
This converted the country column to the data type character. But we do not have to make this whole procedure for each column if we want to convert more columns. Let’s say that we also want to convert continent to character and the column lifeExp to integer, pop to double and gdpPercap to numeric. It is simply done:
#> # A tibble: 1,704 x 6
#> country continent year lifeExp pop gdpPercap
#> <chr> <chr> <int> <int> <dbl> <dbl>
#> 1 Afghanistan Asia 1952 28 8425333 779.
#> 2 Afghanistan Asia 1957 30 9240934 821.
#> 3 Afghanistan Asia 1962 31 10267083 853.
#> 4 Afghanistan Asia 1967 34 11537966 836.
#> # … with 1,700 more rows
convert
?You can change alot of data types with little code. Consider using mutate
from dplyr
to do the same operation:
gapminder %>%
mutate(country = as.character(country),
continent = as.character(continent),
lifeExp = as.integer(lifeExp),
pop = as.double(pop),
gdpPercap = as.numeric(gdpPercap))
#> # A tibble: 1,704 x 6
#> country continent year lifeExp pop gdpPercap
#> <chr> <chr> <int> <int> <dbl> <dbl>
#> 1 Afghanistan Asia 1952 28 8425333 779.
#> 2 Afghanistan Asia 1957 30 9240934 821.
#> 3 Afghanistan Asia 1962 31 10267083 853.
#> 4 Afghanistan Asia 1967 34 11537966 836.
#> # … with 1,700 more rows
Which gives the same result. However, you need to refer to the column name twice and the data type conversion function for each column. Imagine the code to convert 20 columns.
However, dplyr
have another way of applying the same function to multiple columns which could help, mutate_at
. The same example would then look like:
gapminder %>%
mutate_at(vars(country, continent), funs(as.character)) %>%
mutate_at(vars(lifeExp), funs(as.integer)) %>%
mutate_at(vars(pop), funs(as.double)) %>%
mutate_at(vars(gdpPercap), funs(as.numeric))
#> Warning: `funs()` is deprecated as of dplyr 1.0.0.
#> Please use a list of either functions or lambdas:
#>
#> # Simple named list:
#> list(mean = mean, median = median)
#>
#> # Auto named with `tibble::lst()`:
#> tibble::lst(mean, median)
#>
#> # Using lambdas
#> list(~ mean(., trim = .2), ~ median(., na.rm = TRUE))
#> This warning is displayed once every 8 hours.
#> Call `lifecycle::last_warnings()` to see where this warning was generated.
#> # A tibble: 1,704 x 6
#> country continent year lifeExp pop gdpPercap
#> <chr> <chr> <int> <int> <dbl> <dbl>
#> 1 Afghanistan Asia 1952 28 8425333 779.
#> 2 Afghanistan Asia 1957 30 9240934 821.
#> 3 Afghanistan Asia 1962 31 10267083 853.
#> 4 Afghanistan Asia 1967 34 11537966 836.
#> # … with 1,700 more rows
Which is more easily scaled to deal with data type conversion of large numbers of variables. However, convert
does the same job with much less code. In fact, convert
uses mutate_at
internally. The difference is syntax and code readability. Compare again with convert
:
#> # A tibble: 1,704 x 6
#> country continent year lifeExp pop gdpPercap
#> <chr> <chr> <int> <int> <dbl> <dbl>
#> 1 Afghanistan Asia 1952 28 8425333 779.
#> 2 Afghanistan Asia 1957 30 9240934 821.
#> 3 Afghanistan Asia 1962 31 10267083 853.
#> 4 Afghanistan Asia 1967 34 11537966 836.
#> # … with 1,700 more rows
convert
also supports functions of convert
support additional arguments to be passed. For example, if you want to convert a number to a date and want to include an origin
argument you can write:
tibble(dates = c(12818, 13891),
sunny = c("yes", "no")) %>%
convert(dte(dates, .args = list(origin = "1900-01-01")))
#> # A tibble: 2 x 2
#> dates sunny
#> <date> <chr>
#> 1 1935-02-05 yes
#> 2 1938-01-13 no
convert
is built upon dplyr
and it will share some amazing features of dplyr
. For example, tidyselect
works with convert
which helps you to select multiple columns at the same time. A simple example, if you want to change all columns with names that includes the letter “e” to factors, you can write:
#> # A tibble: 1,704 x 6
#> country continent year lifeExp pop gdpPercap
#> <fct> <fct> <fct> <fct> <int> <fct>
#> 1 Afghanistan Asia 1952 28.801 8425333<PHONE_NUMBER>
#> 2 Afghanistan Asia 1957 30.332 9240934<PHONE_NUMBER>
#> 3 Afghanistan Asia 1962 31.997 10267083 853.10071
#> 4 Afghanistan Asia 1967 34.02 11537966<PHONE_NUMBER>
#> # … with 1,700 more rows


LandFire Synergies¶
Sanath Activities¶
Basic Pangeo Ramp-up - WIP¶
Lake Isabella Animations - gif, mp4 - done
Understand the memory limits of current offerings - mitigations
Prototype in Python - Publish in ‘R’
Next Steps¶
Translate LCMAP experience into 3 year breakpoints for Fire
Explore metadata and pixel_qa
Mature infrastructures with K8s
Figure out status and plans for Landsat/Sentinel Harmonized Product
Common Items¶
Pangeo Training Ground – pangeo.chs.usgs.gov
Proxy Data Lake C1L2AlbersScenes
Action: standup an ODC Postgres Container via compose - DONE!
Action: index all of USA for both landfire and ET - working on western US as a start
Topics¶
Landfire Models in the Cloud¶
Prototypes and discovery
Scalable capabilities
Costs¶
Sponsors
EarthMAP
pangeo.chs.usgs.gov
OpenDataCube - GeoScience Australia
ODC tools and expertise
Digital Earth Africa Sandboxes
Africa Collection-2-P Data Lake
ESIP pangeo sandboxes
USGS Collection-2 Storage
Kristi Kline
Initial prototyping
LSAA Data Resources
Cloud Vision and Motivation - data access
AWS and Planet
Earth on AWS
CEOS NASA
Global and Underdeveloped Country Open Data Cubes
USA NASA ODC Sandbox - driven by
the fabulous
*** USGS LANDSAT Collection-2***


@dineshaimst1 @zaddex_com @KomodoPlatform @AtomicDex @VerusCoin I work on both $HUSH + $ARRR, so that is a complex question. Firstly, both of those coins are actually focused on shielded transactions and privacy, $VRSC is not. You must store all your Verus balance in trans...


[gecode-users] compiling a new propagator
Gustavo Gutiérrez
gutierrez.gustavo at uclouvain.be
Fri Aug 14 16:55:29 CEST 2009
On 14 Aug 2009, at 16:40, amina kemmar wrote:
> hi,
>
> I still have the same error message when calling the new propagator
> that I added to the gecode/int package!
>
> if you can give me the steps to compile a new propagator and how to
> use it under gecode?
Can you put your code somewhere where I can take a look at it?, In
this way I can try to help you. Please, do not attach the files to
your answer as in some mailing list people do not like that; just give
me a link to a page where I can found it.
Regards,
Gustavo
-------------- next part --------------
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Dimensions
Outside
- Length: 24' total including the tongue
- 10' tall
- 8 1/2' wide
- total weight is certified at 6750 lbs
Inside
- Inside: 20' long
- 8' tall
- 8' 1/4" wide
Outside
- Length: 24' total including the tongue
- 10' tall
- 8 1/2' wide
- total weight is certified at 6750 lbs
Inside
- Inside: 20' long
- 8' tall
- 8' 1/4" wide


Getting Started with Qiskit¶
The workflow of using Qiskit consists of three high-level steps:
- Build: design a quantum circuit that represents the problem you are considering.
- Execute: run experiments on different backends (which include both systems and simulators).
- Analyze: calculate summary statistics and visualize the results of experiments.
Here is an example of the entire workflow, with each step explained in detail in subsequent sections:
import numpy as np
from qiskit import(
QuantumCircuit,
execute,
Aer)
from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram
# Use Aer's qasm_simulator
simulator = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')
# Create a Quantum Circuit acting on the q register
circuit = QuantumCircuit(2, 2)
# Add a H gate on qubit 0
circuit.h(0)
# Add a CX (CNOT) gate on control qubit 0 and target qubit 1
circuit.cx(0, 1)
# Map the quantum measurement to the classical bits
circuit.measure([0,1], [0,1])
# Execute the circuit on the qasm simulator
job = execute(circuit, simulator, shots=1000)
# Grab results from the job
result = job.result()
# Returns counts
counts = result.get_counts(circuit)
print("\nTotal count for 00 and 11 are:",counts)
# Draw the circuit
circuit.draw()
Total count for 00 and 11 are: {'00': 479, '11': 521}
Note
The default simulator provider is Aer
. However, if you have issues with installing this
provider there is also
a basic aer provider. To use this provider replace Aer
with BasicAer
in the above code.
Note
The default backend for qiskit.visualization.circuit_drawer()
or QuantumCircuit.draw()
is
the text backend.
However, depending on your local environment you may want to change these defaults to something better
suited for your use case. This is done with the user config file. By default the user config file
should be located in ~/.qiskit/settings.conf
and is a .ini
file.
For example, a settings.conf
file for setting a Matplotlib drawer is:
[default]
circuit_drawer = mpl
You can use any of the valid circuit drawer backends as the value for this config, this includes text, mpl, latex, and latex_source.
# Plot a histogram
plot_histogram(counts)
Workflow Step–by–Step¶
The program above can be broken down into six steps:
- Import packages
- Initialize variables
- Add gates
- Visualize the circuit
- Simulate the experiment
- Visualize the results
Step 1 : Import Packages¶
The basic elements needed for your program are imported as follows:
import numpy as np
from qiskit import(
QuantumCircuit,
execute,
Aer)
from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram
In more detail, the imports are
QuantumCircuit
: can be thought as the instructions of the quantum system. It holds all your quantum operations.execute
: runs your circuit / experiment.Aer
: handles simulator backends.plot_histogram
: creates histograms.
Step 2 : Initialize Variables¶
Consider the next line of code
circuit = QuantumCircuit(2, 2)
Here, you are initializing with 2 qubits in the zero state; with 2
classical bits set to zero; and circuit
is the quantum circuit.
Syntax:
QuantumCircuit(int, int)
Step 3 : Add Gates¶
You can add gates (operations) to manipulate the registers of your circuit.
Consider the following three lines of code:
circuit.h(0)
circuit.cx(0, 1)
circuit.measure([0,1], [0,1])
The gates are added to the circuit one-by-one to form the Bell state
The code above applies the following gates:
QuantumCircuit.h(0)
: A Hadamard gate \(H\) on qubit 0, which puts it into a superposition state.QuantumCircuit.cx(0, 1)
: A controlled-Not operation (\(C_{X}\)) on control qubit 0 and target qubit 1, putting the qubits in an entangled state.QuantumCircuit.measure([0,1], [0,1])
: if you pass the entire quantum and classical registers tomeasure
, the ith qubit’s measurement result will be stored in the ith classical bit.
Step 4 : Visualize the Circuit¶
You can use QuantumCircuit.draw()
to view the circuit that you have designed
in the various forms used in many
textbooks and research articles.
circuit.draw()
In this circuit, the qubits are ordered with qubit zero at the top and qubit one at the bottom. The circuit is read left-to-right, meaning that gates which are applied earlier in the circuit show up farther to the left.
Step 5 : Simulate the Experiment¶
Qiskit Aer is a high performance simulator framework for quantum circuits. It provides several backends to achieve different simulation goals.
To simulate this circuit, you will use the qasm_simulator
. Each run of this
circuit will yield either the bit string 00 or 11.
simulator = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')
job = execute(circuit, simulator, shots=1000)
result = job.result()
counts = result.get_counts(circuit)
print("\nTotal count for 00 and 11 are:",counts)
Total count for 00 and 11 are: {'00': 479, '11': 521}
As expected, the output bit string is 00 approximately 50 percent of the time.
The number of times the circuit is run can be specified via the shots
argument of the execute
method. The number of shots of the simulation was
set to be 1000 (the default is 1024).
Once you have a result
object, you can access the counts via the method
get_counts(circuit)
. This gives you the aggregate outcomes of the
experiment you ran.
Step 6 : Visualize the Results¶
Qiskit provides many visualizations, including
the function plot_histogram
, to view your results.
plot_histogram(counts)
The observed probabilities \(Pr(00)\) and \(Pr(11)\) are computed by taking the respective counts and dividing by the total number of shots.
Note
Try changing the shots
keyword in the execute
method to see how
the estimated probabilities change.
Next Steps¶
Now that you have learnt the basics, consider these learning resources:


Our group’s ETL project is based on the Craft Beer project done earlier. We extracted data from 2 csv files. The first is breweries.csv which was cleaned in previous project and had clean data. The second csv is final_cleaned_beer_4.csv which cleaned up the previous file: cleaned_beer.csv
Although cleaned_beer.csv had clean data, it needed to be cleaned further. We were able to get the data into Pandas as a dataframe, and it displayed correctly there. When we tried to put this in the MySQL database, we were running into errors. The reason for the errors was that there were characters in German language, Spanish / French. We did encode the data to utf-8 to allow special characters like slashes, underscore, Pound, but it would still not take the foreign language characters.
To solve this we identified few rows with issues, and modified the characters. There were 3 rows that were not working after modification as well, so we removed them and got the total number of rows from 1403 to 1400 rows.
When creating table in database, we chose 2 tables: beer and breweries. Breweries table has brewery_id as the primary key. Beer table has id as the primary key and brewery_id as the foreign key referencing the breweries table. The other columns in 2 tables are separate.
We modified the 2 columns with special characters as following to allow loading them in MySQL:
name VARCHAR(100) character set utf8
style VARCHAR(100) character set utf8
We created a flask app as the backbone of the website using template rendering. Along with template rendering we have an API to access the data used using basic sqlAlchemy queries.


I'm here to present to you a problem and solution that I encountered in my latest project, implementing Facebook Comments.
Context
Recently I developed an online platform that gathers a list of Portuguese descendent artists from all around the world for Miraceta Arts. One of the user stories for this project describes the need to provide a comment section for the events that are shown.
The thing is, Facebook loads it’s comments asynchronous, and so does AngularJS but they don’t work together. The result of this lack of coordination is a blank space in the HTML since Facebook loads everything when the page finishes loading, but not knowing if AngularJS did also. To workaround this issue, it is necessary to combine them.
Solution
There are several steps needed to solve the problem:
- Create a Facebook API Key for your application;
- Place the provided code from Facebook inside the body tag;
- Make use of AngularJS directives to render the comments section.
Create a Facebook API Key
There is a simple process to create a API Key:
- Login to Facebook
- Access the Developers Section
- In the My Apps menu, click in Add a New App, and choose your app platform
- Provide your app name and choose the category.
Place Facebook code inside the body tag
In order to initialize the Facebook Javascript SDK, it is necessary to place a specific code block at the begining of the  tag:

Have in mind that you must replace <YOUR API KEY> with the API key provided at the Facebook developers section, and the <lan_LAN> with the correct language that will be used for the localization (e.g., “en_EN”).
AngularJS directives to render the comments section
Now that we have the required scripts to use the Facebook API, it is time to create our AngularJS directive for the comments section. This directive will have other child directive that will be responsible to watch the page status and build the plugin. In order to reuse it, we must define the first directive:
var appDirectives = angular.module('appDirectives');
appDirectives.directive('facebookComments', ['$location', function ($location) {
return {
restrict: 'E',
templateUrl: "scripts/directives/facebookComments.html",
scope:{},
replace: true,
link: function(scope, el, attr){
scope.curPath = $location.absUrl();
}
};
}]);
In the previous code, we are creating a directive as an element (E) with a template that will have the child directive. In order to avoid any scope conflicts, this directive will have a isolated one. The most important part of this code is the link function. As this function will only be executed after finish compiling the directive, here we set the current path through the current absolute URL. This information will be used to inform the Facebook plugin which webpage the comments will be associated to.
The second step consists in the directive template:

In this case, we are going to use this template that will have as attributes the required parameters to initialize the comments plugin. As you can see, we are defining a set of important parameters:
- curPath variable from the parent directive scope to inform what will be the URL for the plugin;
- data-numposts that will set the number of posts to be shown;
- data-colorscheme to set the theme for the plugin;
- data-width to 100% to make it responsive.
- Make this div a directive through the dyn-fb-comment-box attribute (directive name as attribute - A) responsible for the plugin rendering.
With this, it is time to set the child directive:
var appDirectives = angular.module('appDirectives');
appDirectives.directive('dynFbCommentBox',['$timeout', function ($timeout) {
function createHTML(href, numposts, colorscheme, width) {
return '
' +
'
';
}
return {
restrict: 'A',
scope: {},
link: function postLink(scope, elem, attrs) {
//
// Use timeout in order to be called after all watches are done and FB script is loaded
//
attrs.$observe('pageHref', function (newValue) {
var href = newValue;
var numposts = attrs.numposts || 5;
var colorscheme = attrs.colorscheme || 'light';
var width = attrs.width || '100%';
elem.html(createHTML(href, numposts, colorscheme, width));
$timeout(function () {
if (typeof FB != 'undefined'){
FB.XFBML.parse(elem[0]);
}
});
});
}
};
}]);
Let’s analyze this directive.
As I stated before, this will be an attribute directive for the sake of simplicity with an isolated scope to avoid any conflicts with the parent. This directive has the purpose to watch/observe the pageHref attribute to understand when the page has changed and gather all the necessary information from the directive attributes. Each attribute will then be passed as parameters to the function createHtml()
This function will then overwrite the original html with a markup that is more “Facebook plugin friendly”, i.e., to be recognized by the Facebook API and render the final script.
In the end, we must call the FB.XFBML.parse() to force the plugin to render after all the html and scripts finalize all rendering. To do this, the $timeout() comes to action. By setting no delay, we can ensure that all the code inside it will be executed after everything finishes. Otherwise, the plugin would render, but since AngularJS is on its digest cycle and still rendering, the result will be a blank space.
I hope this small tutorial will help anyone in need and difficulties with this plugin, and if you have any other better solutions, please share with everyone in the comments section bellow :smiley:.
Resources
Project Repo: Github


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The population is small, about 260, and concentrated in the main village of Omoka, on the western side of the atoll and the second village, Te Tautua, which is on Pokerere Islet, on the eastern rim.
The main source of income here used to be black pearls, but that has collapsed and now the locals derive income from exquisitely woven hats and bags made from coconut tree leaves.
NOTE
There are some local rules, which if not observed by cruisers, will cause problems. Ask about any other rules, but these two are the major ones.
- Firstly, they are very strict about Sundays....absolutely no work, business or play allowed. The dinghy cannot be used except to go ashore for church. There will be no work allowed on the boats, no swimming, snorkeling or other activities not related to church. They are very strict about this. Also, no boats will be allowed to leave on a Sunday.
- Secondly, No moving the boat without permission or visiting another motu before obtaining agreement from the village council.
The locals are reported to be very friendly.
Position 08° 57'34"S, 158° 03'43"W
See Cook Islands Formalities for complete clearance information.
VHF Ch.16 is the official frequency, however there is no listening watch and officials will call you when you are seen.
Anchor off Omaka village on the south side of the Taruia Pass. There is also a wharf where it is possible come alongside if there is no surge.
You will be asked to go ashore in your dinghy to collect the officials for clearing-in. The Penrhyn atoll Island Secretary acts as the Customs and Immigration Officer. His office is located near the Post Office, Community Centre and bank.
After clearance, you must get permission before moving elsewhere in the lagoon.
The Island Secretary requires one day's notice of departure. Anyone on the atoll will call him for you. Passports are collected and fees paid at this time. (see Cook Islands/fees section)
Last updated May 2015.
Takuua and Taruia passes are not difficult to navigate, unless passage is attempted during extreme weather conditions. The lagoon has numerous coral patches, but with good light they are easy to see and many are marked with poles.
There are no longer any pearl or oyster farms in the lagoon.
The anchorage in front of Omaka village is in about 40ft in sand and coral, but can be rough if there is a strong Easterly blowing.
One good sandy patch near Omoka is at 08°58.7' S, 158°03.1' W.
Omoka has a small inner harbour for small fishing boats just north of the commercial wharf. This provides a safe and secure place for leaving the dinghy.
Both north and south of Te Tautua Village there are sandy anchorages in about 20ft which are much more protected.
Last update received September 2011.


---
layout: post
title: Adding support for unsupported switches to Emulab
categories:
- Networking
- Opensource
- Research
tags: []
status: publish
type: post
published: true
comments: true
meta:
_edit_last: '1'
_wp_old_slug: ''
---
Emulab is a popular network testbed for researchers built and maintained by the University of Utah. At the InSPiRe research lab at the University of Victoria we are in the process of building our own Emulab instance to run local experiments and to modify for very specific purposes. This article outlines the process I went through to add support for our switches which were not supported by the Emulab codebase at the time of this writing.
Our Unique Problem
Our switches which are the Nortel Layer 2/3 GBE Switch module for IBM Bladecenters posed an interesting problem. These switches run a completely dead and undocumented operating system with no open SNMP description. One way that this could be reverse-engineered would be to use a proprietary configuration tool and sniff the network packets to determine the internal MIB structure.
The MIB solution would be the best approach, unfortunately the only configuration tool available to us was the command-line interface accessible via remote telnet. For this reason we werent able to use SNMP. Instead of SNMP we used the Perl::Expect module to login via telnet to manipulate the switches.
Note: Using telnet vs SNMP will not affect what needs to be done to emulab in order to support a new switch, only the implementation of the api subroutines discussed below will differ.
Create an internal switch-type name
Come up with a name that you will refer to your new switch as internally, both in the database and in the naming schemes of your supporting perl files. I will use 'mynewswitch' hereafter as our switch model.

Insert a record into the 'nodes' table in the database such that a new switch exists and the 'type' field is set to 'mynewswitch' :
| node_id |
type |
phys_nodeid |
role |
| mynewswitch_1 |
mynewswitch |
mynewswitch_1 |
testswitch |
Add a case to handle your new type
When you create an experiment, Emulab will choose a switch from database and pass it's name down through the code until it needs to begin the switch-specific work. The 'snmpit_stack.pm' (located in /usr/testbet/lib/ on boss) seems to be the threshold where the switch specific stuff gets used. I edited this file and added a new case for when it sees the switch type "mynewswitch". Emulab calls the 'new()' subroutine here, which queries the database for the switch's type and then tries to load the correct perl module for that type. In the following code sample from snmpit_stack.pm I've added a new case which passes control to the file we will handle our switch interaction in. Look towards the bottom for my comment:
{% highlight perl %}
SWITCH: for ($type) {
(/cisco/) && do {
use snmpit_cisco;
$device = new snmpit_cisco($devicename,$self->{DEBUG});
last;
}; # /cisco/
(/foundry1500/ || /foundry9604/) && do {
use snmpit_foundry;
$device = new snmpit_foundry($devicename,$self->{DEBUG});
last;
}; # /foundry.*/
(/nortel1100/ || /nortel5510/) && do {
use snmpit_nortel;
$device = new snmpit_nortel($devicename,$self->{DEBUG});
last;
}; # /nortel.*/
#------------------------------------------------------------------------
(/mynewswitch/) && do { ## Our new case
use snmpit_mynewswitch; ## Looks for snmpit_mynewswitch.pm
$device = new snmpit_mynewswitch($devicename,$self->{DEBUG});
last;
}; # /mynewswitch.*/
#------------------------------------------------------------------------
(/hp/) && do {
use snmpit_hp;
$device = new snmpit_hp($devicename,$self->{DEBUG});
last;
}; # /hp.*/
die "Device $devicename is not of a known type, skipping\n";
}
{% endhighlight %}
Implement the device-specific subroutines
The previous step will cause Emulab to look for 'snmpit_mynewswitch.pm' in /usr/testbed/lib/ and expect a minimal implementation of the core subroutines to be in place. Because there are so many, Instead of discussing them here individually, I have created a tar file with an unimplemented sample and some comments for what each one does. Find it below. If you find any missing subroutines or unnecessary ones, please let me know.
In order to build our support, I logged in through telnet and ran my functions individually from a test file and watched the changes take effect. A sample test file is included in the tar file.
If you are forced to do something like I did, feel free to contact me if you need some help using the Perl::Expect module for this specific purpose. If you are going to use SNMP, I recommend getting on the emulab-admins google group and talking to the guys at Utah about how they built support for the stuff already in Emulab.
Downloads:
template.tar.gz


AWS::EC2::EgressOnlyInternetGateway
The AWS::EC2::EgressOnlyInternetGateway
resource creates an egress-only
Internet gateway for your VPC (over IPv6 only). An egress-only Internet gateway enables
outbound communication over IPv6 from instances in your VPC to the Internet. It also
prevents
hosts outside of your VPC from initiating an IPv6 connection with your instance.
Syntax
To declare this entity in your AWS CloudFormation template, use the following syntax:
JSON
{ "Type": "AWS::EC2::EgressOnlyInternetGateway", "Properties": { "VpcId":
String
} }
YAML
Type: AWS::EC2::EgressOnlyInternetGateway Properties: VpcId:
String
Properties
VpcId
-
The ID of the VPC for which to create the egress-only Internet gateway.
Required: Yes
Type: String
Update requires: Replacement
Return Values
Ref
When the logical ID of this resource is provided to the Ref
intrinsic function, Ref
returns the ID of the egress-only Internet gateway (the physical resource ID).
For more information about using the Ref
function, see Ref.
Example
The following example creates an egress-only Internet gateway for the specified VPC.
JSON
{ "AWSTemplateFormatVersion": "2010-09-09", "Resources": { "myEgressOnlyInternetGateway": { "Type": "AWS::EC2::EgressOnlyInternetGateway", "Properties": { "VpcId": "vpc-1a2b3c4d" } } } }
YAML
AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09 Resources: myEgressOnlyInternetGateway: Type: AWS::EC2::EgressOnlyInternetGateway Properties: VpcId: vpc-1a2b3c4d
More Info
-
CreateEgressOnlyInternetGateway in the Amazon EC2 API Reference.


Class: Aws::AutoScaling::Types::ScheduledUpdateGroupActionRequest
| Relationships & Source Files | |
| Super Chains via Extension / Inclusion / Inheritance | |
|
Class Chain:
self,
Struct
|
|
|
Instance Chain:
self,
::Aws::Structure ,
Struct
|
|
| Inherits: |
Struct
|
| Defined in: | gems/aws-sdk-autoscaling/lib/aws-sdk-autoscaling/types.rb |
Overview
Describes information used for one or more scheduled scaling action updates in a BatchPutScheduledUpdateGroupAction operation.
Constant Summary
Instance Attribute Summary
-
#desired_capacity ⇒ Integer
rw
The desired capacity is the initial capacity of the Auto Scaling group after the scheduled action runs and the capacity it attempts to maintain.
-
#end_time ⇒ Time
rw
The date and time for the recurring schedule to end, in UTC.
-
#max_size ⇒ Integer
rw
The maximum size of the Auto Scaling group.
-
#min_size ⇒ Integer
rw
The minimum size of the Auto Scaling group.
-
#recurrence ⇒ String
rw
The recurring schedule for the action, in Unix cron syntax format.
-
#scheduled_action_name ⇒ String
rw
The name of the scaling action.
-
#start_time ⇒ Time
rw
The date and time for the action to start, in YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ssZ format in UTC/GMT only and in quotes (for example,
"2019-06-01T00:00:00Z"
). -
#time_zone ⇒ String
rw
Specifies the time zone for a cron expression.
Instance Method Summary
::Aws::Structure
- Included
| #to_hash | Alias for Structure#to_h. |
Instance Attribute Details
#desired_capacity ⇒ Integer
(rw)
The desired capacity is the initial capacity of the Auto Scaling group after the scheduled action runs and the capacity it attempts to maintain.
# File 'gems/aws-sdk-autoscaling/lib/aws-sdk-autoscaling/types.rb', line 6776
class ScheduledUpdateGroupActionRequest < Struct.new( :scheduled_action_name, :start_time, :end_time, :recurrence, :min_size, :max_size, :desired_capacity, :time_zone) SENSITIVE = [] include Aws::Structure end
#end_time ⇒ Time
(rw)
The date and time for the recurring schedule to end, in UTC.
# File 'gems/aws-sdk-autoscaling/lib/aws-sdk-autoscaling/types.rb', line 6776
class ScheduledUpdateGroupActionRequest < Struct.new( :scheduled_action_name, :start_time, :end_time, :recurrence, :min_size, :max_size, :desired_capacity, :time_zone) SENSITIVE = [] include Aws::Structure end
#max_size ⇒ Integer
(rw)
The maximum size of the Auto Scaling group.
# File 'gems/aws-sdk-autoscaling/lib/aws-sdk-autoscaling/types.rb', line 6776
class ScheduledUpdateGroupActionRequest < Struct.new( :scheduled_action_name, :start_time, :end_time, :recurrence, :min_size, :max_size, :desired_capacity, :time_zone) SENSITIVE = [] include Aws::Structure end
#min_size ⇒ Integer
(rw)
The minimum size of the Auto Scaling group.
# File 'gems/aws-sdk-autoscaling/lib/aws-sdk-autoscaling/types.rb', line 6776
class ScheduledUpdateGroupActionRequest < Struct.new( :scheduled_action_name, :start_time, :end_time, :recurrence, :min_size, :max_size, :desired_capacity, :time_zone) SENSITIVE = [] include Aws::Structure end
#recurrence ⇒ String
(rw)
The recurring schedule for the action, in Unix cron syntax format.
This format consists of five fields separated by white spaces:
[Minute] [Hour] [Day_of_Month] [Month_of_Year]
[Day_of_Week]. The value must be in quotes (for example, "30 0
1 1,6,12 *"
). For more information about this format, see
Crontab.
When StartTime
and EndTime
are specified with Recurrence
, they
form the boundaries of when the recurring action starts and stops.
Cron expressions use Universal Coordinated Time (UTC) by default.
# File 'gems/aws-sdk-autoscaling/lib/aws-sdk-autoscaling/types.rb', line 6776
class ScheduledUpdateGroupActionRequest < Struct.new( :scheduled_action_name, :start_time, :end_time, :recurrence, :min_size, :max_size, :desired_capacity, :time_zone) SENSITIVE = [] include Aws::Structure end
#scheduled_action_name ⇒ String
(rw)
The name of the scaling action.
# File 'gems/aws-sdk-autoscaling/lib/aws-sdk-autoscaling/types.rb', line 6776
class ScheduledUpdateGroupActionRequest < Struct.new( :scheduled_action_name, :start_time, :end_time, :recurrence, :min_size, :max_size, :desired_capacity, :time_zone) SENSITIVE = [] include Aws::Structure end
#start_time ⇒ Time
(rw)
The date and time for the action to start, in YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ssZ
format in UTC/GMT only and in quotes (for example,
"2019-06-01T00:00:00Z"
).
If you specify Recurrence
and StartTime
, Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling
performs the action at this time, and then performs the action based
on the specified recurrence.
If you try to schedule the action in the past, Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling returns an error message.
# File 'gems/aws-sdk-autoscaling/lib/aws-sdk-autoscaling/types.rb', line 6776
class ScheduledUpdateGroupActionRequest < Struct.new( :scheduled_action_name, :start_time, :end_time, :recurrence, :min_size, :max_size, :desired_capacity, :time_zone) SENSITIVE = [] include Aws::Structure end
#time_zone ⇒ String
(rw)
Specifies the time zone for a cron expression. If a time zone is not provided, UTC is used by default.
Valid values are the canonical names of the IANA time zones, derived
from the IANA Time Zone Database (such as Etc/GMT+9
or
Pacific/Tahiti
). For more information, see
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones.
# File 'gems/aws-sdk-autoscaling/lib/aws-sdk-autoscaling/types.rb', line 6776
class ScheduledUpdateGroupActionRequest < Struct.new( :scheduled_action_name, :start_time, :end_time, :recurrence, :min_size, :max_size, :desired_capacity, :time_zone) SENSITIVE = [] include Aws::Structure end


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Renting Service
Public Service
Property Service
Private Service
width over 60.507 active listings,
Realtyspace has the largest inventory of
apartments in the International States.
You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab. You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly.
You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab. You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly.
More
You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab. You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly.
More
You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab. You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly.
More
"You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab. You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly.


--- title: My Bibliography excerpt: "" header: overlay_image: /assets/images/biblo-banner.jpg overlay_filter: 0.2 # same as adding an opacity of 0.5 to a black background layout: single ---
[1] Jekyll • Simple, blog-aware, static sites. (2019). Command Line Usage. [online] Available at: https://jekyllrb.com/docs/usage/ [Accessed 19 Sep. 2019].
[2] Dane, M. (2016). Static Files | Jekyll - Static Site Generator | Tutorial 18. [online] YouTube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=knWjmVlVpso&list=PLLAZ4kZ9dFpOPV5C5Ay0pHaa0RJFhcmcB&index=18/ [Accessed 4 Sep. 2019].
[3] CloudCannon Academy. (2019). Jekyll Cheat Sheet. [online] Available at: https://learn.cloudcannon.com/jekyll-cheat-sheet/ [Accessed 4 Sep. 2019].
[4] McGlone, J. (2019). A Guide to Creating and Hosting a Personal Website on GitHub | Jonathan McGlone | Librarian, Front-End Developer, Digital Publisher, Project Manager, Music Enthusiast, Web Noodler.. [online] Jmcglone.com. Available at: http://jmcglone.com/guides/github-pages/ [Accessed 3 Sep. 2019].
[5] Programming Liftoff (2019). Create Your First GitHub Pages Website. [online] YouTube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BA_c3bGQXlQ [Accessed 07 Sep. 2019].
[6] "Quick-Start Guide", M. Rose, Minimal Mistakes, 2019. [Online]. Available:https://mmistakes.github.io/minimal-mistakes/docs/quick-start-guide/ [Accessed: 19- Sep- 2019].


Question 1
Given points (x1,y1) and (x2,y2) select the formula to find the equation of the given line
y
=
m
x
+
b
(
x-h
)
2
+
(
y-k
)
2
=r
2
y-y
1
=m
(
x-x
1
)
y
-
y
2
=
y
2
-
y
1
x
2
-
x
1
(
x
-
x
2
)
Submit & next question
Cancel & clear selection