If you have asthma, the inside walls of the airways in your lungs can become inflamed and swollen. In
addition, membranes in your airway linings may secrete excess mucus. The result is an asthma attack.
During an asthma attack, your narrowed airways make it harder to breathe, and you may cough and wheeze.
Asthma is a condition in which your airways narrow and swell and may produce extra mucus. This can make
breathing difficult and trigger coughing, a whistling sound (wheezing) when you breathe out and shortness of
breath.
For some people, asthma is a minor nuisance. For others, it can be a major problem that interferes with daily
activities and may lead to a life-threatening asthma attack.
Asthma can't be cured, but its symptoms can be controlled. Because asthma often changes over time, it's
important that you work with your doctor to track your signs and symptoms and adjust your treatment as
needed.
Symptoms
Asthma symptoms vary from person to person. You may have infrequent asthma attacks, have symptoms only at
certain times — such as when exercising — or have symptoms all the time.
Asthma signs and symptoms include:
Shortness of breath
Chest tightness or pain
Wheezing when exhaling, which is a common sign of asthma in children
Trouble sleeping caused by shortness of breath, coughing or wheezing
Coughing or wheezing attacks that are worsened by a respiratory virus, such as a cold or the flu
Signs that your asthma is probably worsening include:
Asthma signs and symptoms that are more frequent and bothersome
Increasing difficulty breathing, as measured with a device used to check how well your lungs are working
(peak flow meter)
The need to use a quick-relief inhaler more often
For some people, asthma signs and symptoms flare up in certain situations:
Exercise-induced asthma, which may be worse when the air is cold and dry
Occupational asthma, triggered by workplace irritants such as chemical fumes, gases or
dust
Allergy-induced asthma, triggered by airborne substances, such as pollen, mold spores,
cockroach waste, or particles of skin and dried saliva shed by pets (pet dander)
When to see a doctor
Seek emergency treatment
Severe asthma attacks can be life-threatening. Work with your doctor to determine what to do when your signs
and symptoms worsen — and when you need emergency treatment. Signs of an asthma emergency include:
Rapid worsening of shortness of breath or wheezing
No improvement even after using a quick-relief inhaler
Shortness of breath when you are doing minimal physical activity
Contact your doctor
See your doctor:
If you think you have asthma. If you have frequent coughing or wheezing that lasts more
than a few days or any other signs or symptoms of asthma, see your doctor. Treating asthma early may
prevent long-term lung damage and help keep the condition from getting worse over time.
To monitor your asthma after diagnosis. If you know you have asthma, work with your
doctor to keep it under control. Good long-term control helps you feel better from day to day and can
prevent a life-threatening asthma attack.
If your asthma symptoms get worse. Contact your doctor right away if your medication
doesn't seem to ease your symptoms or if you need to use your quick-relief inhaler more often.
Don't take more medication than prescribed without consulting your doctor first. Overusing asthma
medication can cause side effects and may make your asthma worse.
To review your treatment. Asthma often changes over time. Meet with your doctor
regularly to discuss your symptoms and make any needed treatment adjustments.
Causes
It isn't clear why some people get asthma and others don't, but it's probably due to a combination of
environmental and inherited (genetic) factors.
Asthma triggers
Exposure to various irritants and substances that trigger allergies (allergens) can trigger signs and
symptoms of asthma. Asthma triggers are different from person to person and can include:
Airborne allergens, such as pollen, dust mites, mold spores, pet dander or particles of cockroach
waste
Respiratory infections, such as the common cold
Physical activity
Cold air
Air pollutants and irritants, such as smoke
Certain medications, including beta blockers, aspirin, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,
such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) and naproxen sodium (Aleve)
Strong emotions and stress
Sulfites and preservatives added to some types of foods and beverages, including shrimp, dried
fruit, processed potatoes, beer and wine
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a condition in which stomach acids back up into your throat
Risk factors
A number of factors are thought to increase your chances of developing asthma. They include:
Having a blood relative with asthma, such as a parent or sibling
Having another allergic condition, such as atopic dermatitis — which causes red, itchy skin — or
hay fever — which causes a runny nose, congestion and itchy eyes
Being overweight
Being a smoker
Exposure to secondhand smoke
Exposure to exhaust fumes or other types of pollution
Exposure to occupational triggers, such as chemicals used in farming, hairdressing and
manufacturing
Complications
Asthma complications include:
Signs and symptoms that interfere with sleep, work and other activities
Sick days from work or school during asthma flare-ups
A permanent narrowing of the tubes that carry air to and from your lungs (bronchial tubes),
which affects how well you can breathe
Emergency room visits and hospitalizations for severe asthma attacks
Side effects from long-term use of some medications used to stabilize severe asthma
Proper treatment makes a big difference in preventing both short-term and long-term complications
caused by asthma.
Prevention
While there's no way to prevent asthma, you and your doctor can design a step-by-step plan for living
with your condition and preventing asthma attacks.
Follow your asthma action plan. With your doctor and health care team, write
a detailed plan for taking medications and managing an asthma attack. Then be sure to follow
your plan.
Asthma is an ongoing condition that needs regular monitoring and treatment. Taking control of
your treatment can make you feel more in control of your life.
Get vaccinated for influenza and pneumonia. Staying current with vaccinations
can prevent flu and pneumonia from triggering asthma flare-ups.
Identify and avoid asthma triggers. A number of outdoor allergens and irritants
— ranging from pollen and mold to cold air and air pollution — can trigger asthma attacks. Find
out what causes or worsens your asthma, and take steps to avoid those triggers.
Monitor your breathing. You may learn to recognize warning signs of an
impending attack, such as slight coughing, wheezing or shortness of breath.
But because your lung function may decrease before you notice any signs or symptoms,
regularly measure and record your peak airflow with a home peak flow meter. A peak flow
meter measures how hard you can breathe out. Your doctor can show you how to monitor your
peak flow at home.
Identify and treat attacks early. If you act quickly, you're less likely to
have a severe attack. You also won't need as much medication to control your symptoms.
When your peak flow measurements decrease and alert you to an oncoming attack, take your
medication as instructed. Also, immediately stop any activity that may have triggered the
attack. If your symptoms don't improve, get medical help as directed in your action plan.
Take your medication as prescribed.  It's a good idea to bring
your medications with you to each doctor visit. Your doctor can make sure you're using your
medications correctly and taking the right dose.
Pay attention to increasing quick-relief inhaler use. If you find yourself
relying on your quick-relief inhaler, such as albuterol, your asthma isn't under control. See
your doctor about adjusting your treatment.
YOGA ASANAS FOR PREVENTING DIABETES
Bhujangasana (Cobra Pose)
Bhujangasana widely known as Cobra Pose is a backward bending pose. The Sanskrit name Bhujangasana is
derived from two words. ‘Bhujanga’ stands for serpent while ‘asana’ means posture. The final
position of Bhujangasana resembles a cobra with its hood raised and hence the name. It is an
excellent pose for strengthening the spine along with many other benefits such as alleviating
constipation, stimulating appetite, and massaging abdominal organs.
Steps to practice Bhujangasana (Cobra Pose)
Lie flat on your stomach keeping your legs straight, feet together, heels slightly touching each other
and toes pointing.
Rest the palm of your hands by the side of your chest, your arms must be close to your body with elbows
pointing outward.
Rest your forehead on the floor and relax your body.
Inhale and raise your forehead, neck and then shoulders. Using your back muscles raise your chest, now
use the strength of your arms to raise your trunk. Look upward breathing normally. This is the final
position.
In the final position, your navel should not raise more than 3cm; with your pubic bones touching the
floor. Hold this position for 20-25 seconds.
To come back to starting position first exhale and then slowly lower your navel, chest, shoulders, neck,
and forehead. Relax and take deep breaths.
Practice this asana 3-5 times, practicing before or after a forward bending pose such as Paschimottanasana
(seated forward bend) will give you maximum benefits. With regular practice, you will be able to straighten
your arms, arching the spine to a greater extent.
Bhujangasana (Cobra Pose) Benefits
Being the 7th posture of Suryanamaskar, it has several benefits such as:
Strengthens the spine, keeps it strong, healthy, and flexible.
Gives a good stretch to your neck, shoulder, chest, lungs, and abdomen.
Enhances the functioning of abdominal organs such as kidney and liver.
Beneficial in menstrual and other disorders of the female reproductive system.
Useful for people suffering from back pain, slipped disc, sciatica and cervical spondylitis.
Precautions for Bhujangasana (Cobra Pose)
Arch your spine as much as you can but don’t apply force. Some people are naturally flexible while
some are not and a lot of us have very stiff muscles. Never rush! Give your body the time it needs
to gain strength and flexibility.
Take very little support of your arms, use your back muscles to hold the weight of your upper body
in the pose that is how your spine is going to get stronger.
Your feet might raise a bit from the ground unintentionally, try to keep them down.
Practice this asana under the guidance of an instructor if you suffer from any of this condition:
hyperthyroidism, hernia, peptic ulcer or intestinal tuberculosis.
Paschimottanasana (Seated forward bend)
Paschimottanasana due to its intense stretching effect on the whole back is also known by several
other names such as seated forward bend back stretching pose and intense dorsal stretch. Practicing
this asana invigorates muscles of spinal column and circulation of the nerves along with many other
benefits. So let’s begin with the steps to practice Paschimottanasana.
Steps to practice Paschimottanasana (Seated forward bend)
Starting position: Sit with the legs outstretched straight in front, feet together without touching each
other. Back, neck and head straight and comfortable. Hands on the side, palms faced down resting on the
floor behind the buttocks. Relax the whole body.
Move your trunk forward from the pelvic region while sliding your hands towards the legs.
Reach the feet using your hands. Aim to get a hold of the big toes with your thumb and fingers.
If you successfully reach the big toes, grab ankles, heels or any other part of the feet that you can
hold without applying force.
If you don’t reach your feet, keep your hands the farthest you can comfortably.
Remain in this position for a few seconds.Relax the muscles of the back and legs.
Keep the legs straight; using the arms’ muscles gently extend the spine.Bring the trunk closer to the
body while bending your elbows. If possible touch the forehead to the knees without using force.
Remain in this position for as long as you feel comfortable. Take slow and deep breaths.
To come back to starting position let go of the hold of feet/legs, raise the head and slowly move the
trunk back using the muscles of the pelvic region.
Practice this asana 3-5 times, practicing before or after a forward bending pose such as Paschimottanasana
(seated forward bend) will give you maximum benefits. With regular practice, you will be able to straighten
your arms, arching the spine to a greater extent.
Bhujangasana (Cobra Pose) Benefits
Tones and massages the organs of the pelvic and abdominal region such as pancreas, liver,
kidneys, spleen, adrenal glands and gonad glands.
Improves digestion, remove excess fat from the pelvic and abdominal region and increase the
flexibility of the hip joints.
Gives a good stretch to the spinal column, hamstring muscles and is beneficial for the heart.
Helpful in curing impotency in males.
Precautions for Paschimottanasana (Seated forward bend)
While moving the trunk forward use the muscles of the pelvic region of the back, not the spine
muscles. Initially, it won’t be easy for people having stiff muscles but with practice, it can be
learned.
While reaching for the big toes expand the arms from the shoulder but don’t use force to reach the
big toes. The time differs from person to person to reach the final position depending on their
flexibility and consistency they put into practice.
This asana should not be practiced in case the person suffers from any of this condition: sciatica
slipped disc and hernia.
Sukhasana (Easy Pose)
If you struggle while sitting in difficult meditative yoga poses or experience discomfort, then Easy
Pose is the best meditative pose for you. Sukhasana is the simplest meditative posture and hence
known as Easy Pose. It is an excellent pose for beginners and for those who have a very stiff body.
Steps to practice Sukhasana (Easy Pose)
Sit straight with the legs stretched out in front of the body.
Bend the left leg and place the left foot beneath right thigh.
Similarly, bend the right leg and place the right foot beneath left thigh.
Rest the outer edge of your feet on the floor.
Adjust the body and legs to get comfortable in the pose.
The head, neck and spine must be erect (without strain).
Place the palms on the knees or thighs.
Keep the shoulder relaxed and elbows a bit bent.
Close your eyes and relax the whole body, take slow and deep breaths.
Feel each and every breath moving in and out of the body.
Practice for a minute or less if you feel discomfort.
Practice twice by interchanging the position of the legs.
Keeping the spine straight might be tough in the beginning as most of us are habitual of sitting with our
spine supported (while studying, while driving, in the office, while watching TV etc). Regular practice is
the key to sit straight without any support, it makes our back muscles strong and prevents any kind of a
backache or impending back disease.
Sukhasana Benefits
Gradually strengthens muscles of the back and improves body posture.
Being a meditative pose it has relaxing effects on mind and body.
Works as a preparatory pose for more difficult meditative poses.
Builds physical and mental balance.
Helpful in reducing stress and anxiety.
Excellent for people having a stiff body.
Creates flexibility in ankle, knee and hip joints.
Improves concentration for achieving an effective meditation practice.
Things you should know about Sukhasana (Easy Pose)
After practicing more complex meditative yoga poses (such as Padmasana or Siddhasana) for a longer
duration, Sukhasana can be practiced to relax the body.
Even though Sukhasana is one the easiest meditation poses, you will be surprised to know that
retaining it for longer duration is difficult.
Difficult because in this posture the weight of the entire body is supported by the buttocks which
give the body little space for support.
Harder meditative poses such as Padmasana (Lotus Pose) are easy to hold for longer duration because
knees are placed on the ground or are closer to the ground which creates a larger area to support
body weight.
Precautions for Sukhasana (Easy Pose)
Avoid practicing Easy Pose in case of severe knee pain, lower backache or sciatica.
Chakrasana (Wheel Pose)
Chakrasana commonly known as Wheel Pose is also called Upward-Facing Bow Pose and Back Bridge. The
Sanskrit name ‘Chakrasana’ is derived from the Sanskrit word chakra and asana, where ‘chakra’ stands
for ‘wheel’ and ‘asana’ stands for ‘posture’ or ‘seat’. In Sanskrit, Chakrasana is also known as
‘Urdhvadhanurasana’. It is a backward-bending pose and a part of Ashtanga yoga. Chakrasana increases
the flexibility to the spine.
Steps to practice Chakrasana (Wheel Pose)
Increases the flexibility of the body.
Strengthens the bones and muscles of the body and is mainly beneficial in strengthening the legs.
strengthens the respiratory system as by doing it, the chest enhances and the lungs get oxygen to its
fullest.
Relives all the stress and tension as it strengthens the nervous system and refreshes the brain.
Helpful in reducing the fat of the abdomen and to get rid of the bloated belly.
Beneficial for the digestive system, gastric problems and for all the disorders of the female
reproductive system.
Ensures better functioning of the heart, liver, spleen, and kidneys. Helpful in curing hernia.
Keeping the spine straight might be tough in the beginning as most of us are habitual of sitting with our
spine supported (while studying, while driving, in the office, while watching TV etc). Regular practice is
the key to sit straight without any support, it makes our back muscles strong and prevents any kind of a
backache or impending back disease.
Chakrasana (Wheel Pose) Benefits
Gradually strengthens muscles of the back and improves body posture.
Being a meditative pose it has relaxing effects on mind and body.
Works as a preparatory pose for more difficult meditative poses.
Builds physical and mental balance.
Helpful in reducing stress and anxiety.
Excellent for people having a stiff body.
Creates flexibility in ankle, knee and hip joints.
Improves concentration for achieving an effective meditation practice.
Precautions for Chakrasana (Wheel Pose)
Do not practice Chakrasana directly. You should practice easy postures such as setu asana and other
backward back bending asanas as preparatory asanas before practicing Chakrasana.
It should not be practiced by people suffering from any illness.
Chakrasana is not suitable for weak people having some weakness in wrist or back.
Women should avoid practicing Chakrasana during pregnancy.
Parvatasana Sitting Pose | Mountain Pose
Parvatasana is a simple seated asana, which is considered to be one of the most important seated
postures in yoga. While the legs are grounded in padmasana, or lotus pose, the whole of the upper
body is stretched upwards with the arms over the head and palms pressed together.
The common English name for parvatasana is mountain pose.
Parvatasana comes from the Sanskrit words parvata, meaning “mountain,” and asana, meaning “pose." In
parvatasana, the body is thought to resemble the shape of a mountain.
There are many physical and mental benefits of parvatasana including improved concentration. It is
also thought to stimulate the heart chakra, helping one to feel sensations of deep love and peace.
Pranayama practices may also be performed whilst in parvatasana in order to increase its overall
beneficial effects.
Procedure of parvatasana sitting pose
Sit straight up and assume Padmasana.
Intertwine the fingers of both hands to form a finger lock.
Inhale and raise the arms above your head.
Stretch the arms so that they are straight.
The posterior and knees should remain on the ground.

Exhale.
Inhale and now and stretch your arms further up feeling the tug on the shoulder blades.
Stretch your trunk upwards and remain in this posture for about ten seconds.
Exhale and return to Padmasana.
You can also perform the pose with the palms joined together and fingers stretched up.
Benefits of parvatasana sitting pose
Parvatasana helps develop a proper breathing technique.
With regular practice of the pose, your lung capacity will increase.
Parvatasana helps reduce flab from the abdomen, tummy, hips and the waist.
The pose has a slimming effect on the physique.
The spine and ribs are stretched.
The abdomen, pelvis and side muscles are pulled up and hence get toned.
Muscles of the diaphragm develop strength.
Precaution of parvatasana sitting pose
Ankle or knee injury: Perform this pose only with the supervision of an experienced teacher.
Matsyasana (Fish Pose)
You might have read in a lot of sources that performing Matsyasana in water enables one to float like
a fish. Yet I have never read any traditional yogic text to perform a yoga pose in water. Anyways!
Fish Pose is an intermediate backward bending yoga posture. Since Padmasana is the base position for
this posture it is not easy for even yoga intermediates.Though fortunately there is always an easier
variation for several challenging yoga poses which is suitable to be practiced by beginners as well.
How to practice Matsyasana (Fish Pose)
Relax the body in Padmasana taking long and deep breaths.
Slowly move the body backward placing the right elbow and forearm on the floor carefully. Follow the
same with the left arm.
Taking the support of elbows and forearms, slowly lower your body placing the crown of the head on the
floor.
Arch your back as much as you can (without straining). Hold the feet with your hands.
Ensure your head is placed comfortably, don’t put weight on it, simply place it on the ground.
Close the eyes and relax the body. Take slow and deep breaths. Hold the final pose for a few seconds.
Exhale and reverse the movements one by one to release the posture. Relax in padmasana for a few
seconds.
Practice with the other side by interchanging the position of the legs in Lotus Pose.
Benefits of Matsyasana (Fish Pose)
Highly beneficial in curing abdominal ailments and constipation.
Intestines and abdominal organs are stretched and exercised.
Helpful in relieving inflammation and bleeding of piles.
Prevents respiratory disorders such as asthma and bronchitis.
Alleviates back pain by improving the blood circulation in the spine.
Improves the functioning of thyroid gland and develops strong immune system.
Stimulates the functioning of pelvic region by increasing blood flow in this area.
Increases vitality and preserves youthfulness.
Precautions for Matsyasana (Fish Pose)
Lower and raise the body in and out of the final position very slowly and carefully taking the
support of elbows. Rushing this moment may easily result in a spine or neck injury.
If you suffer from any health issue presently, consult your doctor or physician before practicing a
yoga regime and practice only in the presence of a competent yoga trainer.
People who suffer from any of this condition must avoid practicing Matsyasana: a migraine, back or
neck injury, peptic ulcers, heart disease, hernia, high or low blood pressure.


Links
This site is purposely limited to the states. Unfortunately, his career here
right now is pretty teeny compared to the rest of the planet.
If you want to hear a lot more about Rob, here are some excellent links. As far as I know, I am the only strictly U.S. Rob site (if you have a
U.S. Rob site, let me know!).
All these sites are awesome and most are
frequently updated.
Official Sites
The Official Robbie
Williams Site
Site by Hollywood and Vine
Buy Robbie Merchandise Online!
Canada Based Sites
Robbie's Creek
Robbie Williams
Craze
Sites from all around the world
Robbie Williams Appreciation Pages
Robbie
Williams Ultimate Homepage
Average
Bob Site
Stoke's Finest
Tour Interviews Links Pics Home


The best of Rust/Haskell/Python iterators in Javascript.
Javascript iterators are weak. Really weak. Like, the only method they have is to get the next value levels of weak. To make matters worse, non-Array containers in Javascript have little to no utility methods, making using them incredibly clunky. By adding powerful functionality to iterators, every single data container gains additional functionality. Also, iterators are lazy, which means they save memory and avoid unncessary calculations.
Iterplus is available on npm! Just install it with:
npm install iterplus
It can also be bundled for the web, but you'll have to figure that out for now.
Here are some Leetcode problems solved using iterplus (you can find these in samples/
):
// https://leetcode.com/problems/longest-common-prefix/
import {iterplus} from "iterplus";
function longestCommonPrefix(strs: string[]): string {
return iterplus(strs[0])
.zip(...strs.slice(1))
.takeWhile(x => x.every(v => v === x[0]))
.map(x => x[0])
.collect()
.join("");
}
console.log(longestCommonPrefix(["flower","flow","flight"]) || "(nothing)"); // fl
console.log(longestCommonPrefix(["dog","racecar","car"]) || "(nothing)"); // (nothing)
// https://leetcode.com/problems/implement-strstr/
import {range} from "iterplus";
function strStr(haystack: string, needle: string): number {
return range(haystack.length)
.findIndex(i => haystack.substr(i, needle.length) === needle);
}
console.log(strStr("hello", "ll")); // 2
console.log(strStr("chicken", "c")); // 0
console.log(strStr("chicken", "d")); // -1
// https://leetcode.com/problems/search-insert-position/
import {iterplus} from "iterplus";
function searchInsert(nums: number[], target: number): number {
return iterplus(nums)
.concat([Infinity])
.enumerate()
.skipWhile(([_, v]) => v < target)
.nextVal()![0];
}
console.log(searchInsert([1, 3, 5, 6], 5)); // 2
console.log(searchInsert([1, 3, 5, 6], 2)); // 1
console.log(searchInsert([1, 3, 5, 6], 7)); // 4
console.log(searchInsert([1, 3, 5, 6], 0)); // 0
You can find the generated docs at https://aplet123.github.io/iterplus/.
Generated using TypeDoc


Hi {{ .user.name }},
thank you for registering yourself on the openSenseMap platform. You'll find your profile at {{ .origin}}/account. There, you can create new senseBoxes and change data and credentials.
Please confirm your email address. Just click on this link.
If you are unable to click the link, you can also open this address with your web browser:
{{ .origin }}/account/confirm-email?email={{ .email }}&token={{ .token }}
If you have questions or suggestions please do not answer on this email directly, but feel free to send a mail to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Best wishes
your senseBox Team


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| DOSE: T+ 0:00 |
50 mg |
insufflated |
MBDB |
(powder / crystals) |
| T+ 0:30 |
200 mg |
oral |
MBDB |
(powder / crystals) |
T+ 0 minutes: Aquired 1 gram of MBDB divided into 4 individual segments approximately 250mg each. With one 250mg portion I insufflated a line composed of around 50mg of compound. Found the compound bodily friendly to the extent there was minimal nasal burn.
T+ 30 minutes: Yet to be developing a high of such, decided to ingest the other 200mg. Taste is similar to other phenethylamines, not disagreeable at all.
T+ 1 hour: I am beginning to feel the effects of the compound, feels good to do nothing, lay back and close the eyes. I am developing a sense of self-worth and compassion for my friends sitting near by. We are chatting on issues close to the heart and it feels good to discuss these things openly. There is a definite clarity that presents its self from my inner regions.
T+ 1:30 Very calmative and sedating, I find myself thinking to myself quite often but with no real conclusion to anything. Sitting comfortably in my lounge chair, I continue to smile without realising I am, eyes still closed I continually morph into a trance like sedation. I like this chemical completely!
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Installation
Browser
Download the Roole script file from the home page and insert it into HTML:
Then either link to external Roole files using link
tag with rel="stylesheet/roole"
:
Or embed Roole code directly using style
tag with type="text/roole"
:
Make sure the script file is placed after Roole files/code.
Node.js
Install with npm:
Then compile Roole files by running:
Run roole -h
to see more usage.
Nesting
Rule sets can be nested, and their selectors will be joined together.
Use the &
selector to reference the selector in the outer rule set.
The &
selector also can be nested.
Media blocks can be nested into rule sets.
Or within one another, and their media queries will be joined together.
Comment
Single-line comments are removed from the generated CSS.
Multi-line commnets are preserved.
When placed before non-CSS rules, multi-line commnets are transfered down to nestest CSS rules.
Variable
Variables are case-sensitive. Their names start with $
and are defined using assignments.
Variables are allowed where values like numbers, strings, identifiers, etc are allowed.
Variable scope is covered in the Scope section
Interpolation
Variables can be interpolated into doubled-quoted strings.
But not single-quoted strings.
Variables can also be interpolated into identifiers.
Use \$
to escape variables inside strings.
Wrap the variable in curly braces({}
) to seperate characters come after it, which would otherwise be part of its name.
Use \{
to escape it.
You can actually put arbitrary expressions (more on expressions in later sections) inside curly braced interpolations.
When being assigned with an string value, variables can be directly interpolated in to selectors.
When the variable is the only thing in the selector, selector list can be interpolated.
The same goes for media queries.
List
Lists are one of the many basic values Roole support. They are values separated by either spaces, commas(,
) or slashes(/
).
For example, 1px 2px 3px
, sans-serif, serif
, 14px/1.2
.
Note that 14px/1.2 sans-serif
is a list with three items separated by a slash and a space.
Lists can be wrapped in square brackets([]
). When there are more than one item, the square brackets are optional.
Square brackets are useful when you need to create emtpy lists([]
), lists with only item(e.g., [1]
) or nested lists(e.g., [1px, [2px, 3px]]
).
Range
Ranges are another basic values Roole support.
They are two numberic values(e.g, 1px
, 20%
, 0
) separated by either ..
or ...
.
They denote ranges that can be used directly in some consturcts (e.g., loops, member expressions) or be converted to lists when compiled to CSS.
When being converted a to list, the list is separated by spaces, with the left numberic value determining the unit of all items in the list. For example, 1px..3
will be converted to 1px 2px 3px
.
..
creates inclusive ranges whereas ...
creates exclusive ranges. The difference is that for exclusive ranges, the right values are excluded.
Ranges can be in reversed order.
Member Expression
Items in a list can be accessed using member expressions.
Index can also be a range, which will return a sub-list.
When a list is being accessed with a range, the result is guaranteed to be a list, even if the range denotes only one item.
Accessing with an empty range returns an empty list.
Negative indice start from the end of the list.
Reversed ranges reverse the result list.
Ranges can be accessed as if they were lists.
Member expressions can also be used in assignments.
Assigning to an index that is outside the list automatically grows the list, and "holes" with be filled with null
s.
Empty ranges can be used to insert items.
Assignming with a empty list removes items.
Arithmetic Expressions
Arithmetic operators for doing addition(+
), substraction(-
), multiplication(*
), division(/
) and modulus(%
) are supported. Use parentheses ()
to change precedence.
At lease one space should exist around /
, otherwise it is recognized as a list separator
At lease one space should exist on the right side of +
and -
, or no space exists on either side, otherwise unary +
and -
is applied:
Arithmetic operations in calc()
are preserved in the generated CSS.
Unit
Directly appending a unit after a numberic value to change its unit.
Remember to multiply the value by 100 when converting to percentage.
Conditional
Nest rules inside @if
to generate them conditionally.
Conditon expressions are automatically converted to booleans. Faley values include false
, null
, zero-ish numberic values(e.g, 0
, 0px
, 0%
), empty strings(e.g, ''
). All other values are truthy (including []
, '0'
).
@if
can be followed by any number of @else if
s and optionally one @else
.
Many operators can be used when specifying the condition.
Like is
, which tests equalitys, isnt
tests inequality.
and
expects values on its both sides to be truthy. It is short-circuited, meaning the right value is not evaluated if the left value is falsey.
or
expects values on its either sides to be truthy. It is short-circuited, meaning the right value is not evaluated if the left value is truthy.
<
, <=
, >
and >=
compare values.
Loop
Loops allow rules to be generated multiple times. Ranges can be directly looped over.
Lists can also be looped.
To specify a step other than 1, use by
.
If step is a negative number, the order of iteration is reversed.
To access indices, specify one more variable.
Function
Functions can be assigned to variables, and be used later by calling the variables.
Functions can have parameters, which can have a default value.
Arguments passed to a function can also be accessed dynamically using $arguments
Use rest parameter to capture multiple arguments.
Unassigned parameters have a value null
.
Mixin
Functions can be mixed in when they contain rules, and are called after @mixin
.
Rule sets can be mixed in if a selector or a list of selectors are specified after @mixin
.
@mixin
can be nested inside media blocks.
Void
Rule sets inside @void
are removed from the generated CSS.
This is useful for creating base styles that should not be used directly in the CSS.
Importing
Import files by specifying a string after @import
.
If the file being imported is a directory, Roole will first look for a package.json
file in that directory, which is npm's package.json. If it exists, Roole will import the file specifed in the JSON's main
property. If no such file exist, it will import index.roo
in that directory.
Extension names are not added automatically, so you need to specifiy them explicitly.
Files are not imported if their paths are specified using url()
or starting with a protocol.
Variables can be used in the path.
Regular CSS files can be imported, so you may interact with existing CSS libraries.
@import
with media queries will be converted to media blocks.
Files are only imported once.
If the path does not start with ./
, ../
or /
, then Roole will try to import it as a node module
Node modules exists in a node_modules
folder. Refer to Node.js docs on how that folder is located.
@import
can be nested inside other rules.
URL
Relative paths in Roole will be translated when compiled to CSS.
Relative paths starting ./
or ../
are relative to the current file.
Relative paths does not start with ./
and ../
are relative to a base directory. For Node.js, it's the current working directory. For browsers, it's the directory of the HTML page.
Absolute paths are never translated.
Scope
Variables have to be defined before they can be used. Once defined, they are only available within the boundary of their respective rule block, which defines their scope.
Variables assigned using =
assignments always "shadow" variables with the same name in an outer scope, but never overwrite them.
Use :=
assignments to overwrite variables in an outer scope.
?=
assignments will assign variables a value only if they haven't been defined.
Variables created by ?=
assignments are local to the current scope.
Variables defined in an imported file are exposed to the importing file.
The imported file has access to variables defined in the importing file.
Functions have lexical scope.
Block
Blocks simply introduce a new scope.
Builtin Function
Builtin functions are global function available to all scopes. There is no need to import any file to use them.
$len($value)
Return the length of a value.
For lists and ranges, it's the number of items they contain. For strings, it's the length of characters. For other values, it returns 1
.
$list($value, [$sep])
Convert $value
to list, optionally with $sep
being the separator (defaults to space if not provided).
$push($list, ...$vals)
Push value to the end of $list
. Return $list
.
$pop($list)
Pop value from the end of $list
.
$unshift($list, ...$vals)
Unshift values to the start of $list
.
$shift($list)
Shift a value from the start of $list
.
$opp($value)
Return the opposite value of a string or an identifier denoting a position.
$value
can be a list, in which case all items of it are translated.
The opposite of right
is left
, top
is bottom
and vice versa. All other values stay the same value.
$img-size($path)
Return the image dimension locationed at $path
. $path
is the image file path follows the same rule explained in the URL section. The returning value is a list, with the first item being the width and the second being the height.
Prefixing
Rules are automatically prefixed with vendor names.
Start position in linear-gradient()
is automatically translated (this is not currently perfect, as angle values are not translated and no -webkit-gradient()
generated).
When nested rules need to be prefixed, Roole handles it correctly.
Until the prefixing feature is revamped. You are encouraged to use Autoprefixer to prefix the generated CSS.


{% block content %}{% endblock %}
Version Française
Made with love by Cyril Castagnet, Léo Colisson, Francesco Arzani (and LIP6 QI TEAM), a project of QIH.


--- layout: post title: RightZoom - Windows Maximize on Mac - Almost date: '2009-07-09T12:58:00.001-07:00' author: Kevin Moore tags: - mac - computing modified_time: '2009-07-09T12:59:12.189-07:00' thumbnail: http://lh6.ggpht.com/_3BkQqJvzLFM/SlZKwWAONzI/AAAAAAAAKnc/UFdbLbkzrgU/s72-c/RightZoomConfig.png?imgmax=800 blogger_id: tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2115056243892631308.post-710777849207931229 blogger_orig_url: http://work.j832.com/2009/07/rightzoom-windows-maximize-on-mac.html ---
I was looking for a maximize solution on my Mac that felt more like, well, Windows. RightZoom (almost) gets it.
Best feature: keyboard shortcut. I can just mash down on Ctrl+Alt+Command+M and maximize a window. Boom. Awesome. (See below.)
Worst issue: causes weirdness of windows when I'm multi-mon. Only on my smaller window, which is fine.


Nigeria’s economy’ll benefit from border closure – Access Bank
by Femi MakindeFemi Makinde
The Group Head, Retail Operations, Access Bank Plc, Mr Abraham Aziegbe, has said Nigeria’s economy will benefit from the border closure.
Aziegbe said this on Friday during the inauguration of a new branch of Access Bank at Apomu, in the Isokan Local Government Area of Osun State.
He said the effect of the closure might not be felt now, adding that the policy would be helpful to Nigeria in the long run.
He said, “The policy, at the long run, would stimulate local productivity by regulating influx of goods coming into the country. The unregulated importation has turned Nigeria into dumping ground of foreign goods.
“For those who make policies, there are several factors that always inform their decision. Obviously, the effect of border closure will be felt at the long run.”
He stated that over 40 million Nigerians did not have bank accounts, saying this had in a way affected the economic development of the nation over the years.
Copyright PUNCH.
All rights reserved. This material, and other digital content on this website, may not be reproduced, published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed in whole or in part without prior express written permission from PUNCH.
Contact: theeditor@punchng.com


Plato on Github
Report Home
view/scope/compute_data.js
Maintainability
66.50
Lines of code
116
Difficulty
44.96
Estimated Errors
0.88
Function weight
By Complexity
By SLOC
steal("can/util","can/compute","can/compute/get_value_and_bind.js",function(can,compute, ObservedInfo){ // The goal of this is to create a high-performance compute that represents a key value from can.view.Scope. // If the key value is something like {{name}} and the context is a can.Map, a faster // binding path will be used where new rebindings don't need to be looked for with every change of // the observable property. // However, if the property changes to a compute, then the slower `can.compute.read` method of // observing values will be used. var isFastPath = function(computeData){ return computeData.reads && // a single property read computeData.reads.length === 1 && // on a map computeData.root instanceof can.Map && // that isn't calling a function !can.isFunction(computeData.root[computeData.reads[0].key]); }; var scopeReader = function(scope, key, options, computeData, newVal){ if (arguments.length > 4) { var root = computeData.root || computeData.setRoot; if(root) { if(root.isComputed) { root(newVal); } else if(computeData.reads.length) { var last = computeData.reads.length - 1; var obj = computeData.reads.length ? can.compute.read(root, computeData.reads.slice(0, last)).value : root; can.compute.set(obj, computeData.reads[last].key, newVal, options); } } else { // WARN ... you can't set nothing } // **Compute getter** } else { // If computeData has found the value for the key in the past in an observable then go directly to // the observable (computeData.root) that the value was found in the last time and return the new value. This // is a huge performance gain for the fact that we aren't having to check the entire scope each time. if (computeData.root) { return can.compute.read(computeData.root, computeData.reads, options) .value; } // If the key has not already been located in a observable then we need to search the scope for the // key. Once we find the key then we need to return it's value and if it is found in an observable // then we need to store the observable so the next time this compute is called it can grab the value // directly from the observable. var data = scope.read(key, options); computeData.scope = data.scope; computeData.initialValue = data.value; computeData.reads = data.reads; computeData.root = data.rootObserve; computeData.setRoot = data.setRoot; return data.value; } }; return function(scope, key, options){ options = options || { args: [] }; // the object we are returning var computeData = {}, // a function that can be passed to getValueAndBind, or used as a setter scopeRead = function (newVal) { if(arguments.length) { return scopeReader(scope, key, options, computeData, newVal); } else { return scopeReader(scope, key, options, computeData); } }, compute = can.compute(undefined,{ on: function() { // setup the observing readInfo.getValueAndBind(); if( isFastPath(computeData) ) { // When the one dependency changes, we can simply get its newVal and // save it. If it's a function, we need to start binding the old way. readInfo.dependencyChange = function(ev, newVal){ if(typeof newVal !== "function") { this.newVal = newVal; } else { // restore readInfo.dependencyChange = ObservedInfo.prototype.dependencyChange; readInfo.getValueAndBind = ObservedInfo.prototype.getValueAndBind; } return ObservedInfo.prototype.dependencyChange.call(this, ev); }; readInfo.getValueAndBind = function(){ this.value = this.newVal; }; } // TODO deal with this right compute.computeInstance.value = readInfo.value; compute.computeInstance.hasDependencies = !can.isEmptyObject(readInfo.newObserved); }, off: function(){ readInfo.dependencyChange = ObservedInfo.prototype.dependencyChange; readInfo.getValueAndBind = ObservedInfo.prototype.getValueAndBind; readInfo.teardown(); }, set: scopeRead, get: scopeRead, // a hack until we clean up can.compute for 3.0 __selfUpdater: true }), // the observables read by the last calling of `scopeRead` readInfo = new ObservedInfo(scopeRead, null, compute.computeInstance); computeData.compute = compute; return computeData; }; });


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RxReachability
RxReachability adds easy to use RxSwift bindings for ReachabilitySwift. You can react to network reachability changes and even retry observables when network comes back up.
Available APIs
RxReachability adds the following RxSwift bindings:
reachabilityChanged: Observable<Reachability>
status: Observable<Reachability.NetworkStatus>
isReachable: Observable<Bool>
isConnected: Observable<Void>
isDisconnected: Observable<Void>
Common Usage
1. Be sure to store an instance of Reachability
in your ViewController
or similar, and start/stop the notifier on viewWillAppear
and viewWillDisappear
methods.
class ViewController: UIViewController {
let disposeBag = DisposeBag()
var reachability: Reachability?
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
reachability = Reachability()
}
override func viewWillAppear(_ animated: Bool) {
super.viewWillAppear(animated)
try? reachability?.startNotifier()
}
override func viewWillDisappear(_ animated: Bool) {
super.viewWillDisappear(animated)
reachability?.stopNotifier()
}
}
2. Subscribe to any of the bindings to know when a change happens.
extension ViewController {
let disposeBag = DisposeBag()
func bindReachability() {
reachability?.rx.reachabilityChanged
.subscribe(onNext: { reachability: Reachability in
print("Reachability changed: \(reachability.currentReachabilityStatus)")
})
.disposed(by: disposeBag)
reachability?.rx.status
.subscribe(onNext: { status: Reachability.NetworkStatus in
print("Reachability status changed: \(status)")
})
.disposed(by: disposeBag)
reachability?.rx.isReachable
.subscribe(onNext: { isReachable: Bool in
print("Is reachable: \(isReachable)")
})
.disposed(by: disposeBag)
reachability?.rx.isConnected
.subscribe(onNext: {
print("Is connected")
})
.disposed(by: disposeBag)
reachability?.rx.isDisconnected
.subscribe(onNext: {
print("Is disconnected")
})
.disposed(by: disposeBag)
}
Static Usage
1. Be sure to store an instance of Reachability
somewhere on your AppDelegate
or similar, and start the notifier.
import Reachability
@UIApplicationMain
class AppDelegate: UIResponder, UIApplicationDelegate {
var reachability: Reachability?
func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplicationLaunchOptionsKey: Any]?) -> Bool {
reachability = Reachability()
try? reachability?.startNotifier()
return true
}
}
2. Subscribe to any of the bindings to know when a change happens.
import Reachability
import RxReachability
import RxSwift
class ViewController: UIViewController {
let disposeBag = DisposeBag()
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
Reachability.rx.reachabilityChanged
.subscribe(onNext: { reachability: Reachability in
print("Reachability changed: \(reachability.currrentReachabilityStatus)")
})
.disposed(by: disposeBag)
Reachability.rx.status
.subscribe(onNext: { status: Reachability.NetworkStatus in
print("Reachability status changed: \(status)")
})
.disposed(by: disposeBag)
Reachability.rx.isReachable
.subscribe(onNext: { isReachable: Bool in
print("Is reachable: \(isReachable)")
})
.disposed(by: disposeBag)
Reachability.rx.isConnected
.subscribe(onNext: {
print("Is connected")
})
.disposed(by: disposeBag)
Reachability.rx.isDisconnected
.subscribe(onNext: {
print("Is disconnected")
})
.disposed(by: disposeBag)
}
Advanced Usage
With RxReachability you can also add a retry when network comes back up with a given timeout. This does require you to have a stored instance of Reachability though.
func request(somethingId: Int) -> Observable<Something> {
return network.request(.something(somethingId))
.retryOnConnect(timeout: 30)
.map { Something(JSON: $0) }
}
Installation
Installation via CocoaPods
To integrate RxReachability into your Xcode project using CocoaPods, simply add the following line to your Podfile
:
pod 'RxReachability', ~> '1.2.1'
Installation via Carthage
To integrate RxReachability into your Xcode project using CocoaPods, simply add the following line to your Cartfile
:
github RxSwiftCommunity/RxReachability ~> 1.2.1
Installation via Swift Package Manager (SPM)
To integrate RxReachability into your Xcode project using SPM, simply add the following line to your Package.swift
:
.package(url: "https://github.com/RxSwiftCommunity/RxReachability", .upToNextMajor(from: "1.2.1")),
Example
To run the example project, clone the repo, and run pod install
from the Example directory first.
License
This library belongs to RxSwiftCommunity.
RxReachability is available under the MIT license. See the LICENSE file for more info.


Dynamic Page Navigation Note: the url also changed, if you hit refresh you will be redirected to other page. This feature is supposed for Scarlets Framework on PHP.
{{@if #x === list1[0]:
x.first = true;
{[ - Am I the ({{ one }}) one?]}
@elseif x.first && #x !== list1[0]:
delete x.first;
{[ - I'm no longer the {{ one }} one..]}
}}
Virtual Scroll - Dynamic HeightAutomatically scroll to item-11
Change variable on keyboard input
Var Content: {{ inputBinding1 }}
Another one
Var Content: {{ inputBinding2 }}
Check 1
Check 2
Radio 1
Radio 2
Conditional HTML
{{@if showHTML === true:
{[This 1st must not be displayed {{ stuff }}]}
}}
Ignored bind: {{ stuff }}
{{@if showHTML === false:
{[This 2th must be displayed {{ stuff }} {{ stuffes }}]}
}}
Execution for the current model scope
{{@exec
for(var i = 1; i <= 5; i++){
{[{{ prefix }}{{ i }} ]}
}
var calculate = (5+4);
{[5 + 4 = {{ calculate }} ]}
var escapeHTML = "This must be HTML escaped (except the bold)";
var noEscapeHTML = " This shouldn't be HTML escaped (no <span>)";
{[ {{escapeHTML}} ]}
@return noEscapeHTML;
}}
{{@exec {[
expected error{{vuln}} ]} }}
{{@exec
// This must throw error
Object.keys({a:1});
}}


Hi, i need to do a project where i can measure power consumption and power factor in order to take some actions and to display it. I have none experience working with Arduino or Raspbery Pi.
I would like some advice in this aspects:
-Which devices i can use to accomplish it. I mean what kind of Arduino, if they have analog inputs and with what kind of CT's are they compatible with.
-What can i read in order to have the required knowledge to develop this and the code i need too, if they are programmed in C++, Python, if i can use Matlab, etc.
I would appreciate any help.
Re: Help with Project
What actions do you want to take? Will that be done only in software (e.g. send a message to somewhere) or in hardware (operate one or many relays - how many)?
There are so many permutations available to you that without knowing more about what you wish to accomplish, it is very hard to advise you which might be the best for you.
Re: Help with Project
The action would be to activate a thyristor based capacitor bank in order to enhanced the power factor of a circuit.
Re: Help with Project
I shall mention some of the things that have been reported here in the forums.
Your starting point will be one of the Arduino assemblies. I do not know details of the range, I think your needs are fairly modest so most likely one of the simpler variants will be enough. You can add a serial display on which you can present text, for example power, power factor and whether the capacitor bank is active.
As far as I know, all Arduinos have analogue inputs. You will need two, voltage and current (maybe times 3 if you have a 3-phase supply, so 6 in all), and you'll find examples of the input circuit that you need to build, along with a description, here in Resources. If only one voltage input is needed, you can probably use our emonTx Shield, which you can buy from the on-line shop. Resources, and Building Blocks in particular, contains most if not all of the theory and practical information that you'll need. You'll also find a software library, emonLib, that does all the calculations for you. All the programming is done in C++, there are many examples here to help you.
The sensors feeding your analogue front end will be a voltage isolating transformer to give a safe isolated low voltage - we use ones with 9 V secondaries but any voltage greater than 1.5 V is satisfactory with one resistor changed to suit. Current transformers are rather harder because to fully load the analogue input, about 1.6 V output is required. Our standard is a 100 A split core (see the on-line shop again) but any CT with an adequate VA rating can usually be accommodated. Others are listed on the "North America" page - you may need those as you will have fatter cables given your 110 V supply.
In terms of output, I'd recommend that you drive a triac or power FET (though this depends very much on what your capacitor bank requires) via an opto-isolator. If you look at the energy diverter projects, you can see how it's done there.
And of course you have the forums here where you can ask questions.
Re: Help with Project
Thank You Very Much, i have investigated and effectivly what i need is an arduino, i have read the input circuits here in the page and they are pretty simple.
If i want to do the calculations on my own, could it be very hard??, I was reading about doing it measuring the time of the offset between Voltage and Current. Any Suggerence.
Re: Help with Project
If you wish, you can of course write your own sketch from the beginning. But the easy way will be to use emonLib.
I suggest you design your hardware, the input circuits, and get it working with emonLib. If it does not work, then you know the mistake is in your hardware, or in the way you have used emonLib. If you get the correct results, you will know that the hardware is correct. Then you can write your own sketch, and you know that any mistake is only in your sketch.
"I was reading about doing it measuring the time of the offset between Voltage and Current"
Ideally, you would measure the voltage and the current at the same instant. Unfortunately, many of the Arduino versions have only one analogue to digital converter, so you must measure voltage and current alternately. That means that there is always a small time difference between measurements that should have been made at the same instant in time. emonLib tries to remove this error with "phasecal". How it does that is explained in Building Blocks.


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Yellow Light


ASE certified technicians
The National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence (ASE) is a professional certification group that certifies professionals and shops in the automotive repair and service industry in the United States and parts of Canada. Here at Rutt's Automotive, we only employ the top certified technicians, so you get assurance you are getting the best quality service with our ASE certified technicians.


Introduction
Random Projections have emerged as a powerful method for dimensionality reduction. Theoretical results indicate that it preserves distances quite nicely but empirical results are sparse. It is often employed in dimensionality reduction in both noisy and noiseless data especially image and text data. Results of projecting on random lower-dimensional subspace yields results comparable to conventional methods like PCA etc but using it is computationally less expensive than the traditional alternatives.
Curse of Dimensionality
- High dimensional data restricts the choice of data processing methods.
- A statistically optimal way of dimensionality reduction is to project the data onto a lower-dimensional orthogonal subspace that captures as much of the variations of the data as possible. The most widely used method of this sort is PCA (Principal Component Analysis).
- Drawback of PCA is however that it is computationally expensive to calculate as the dimensions of data increases.
Johnson-Lindenstrauss Lemma
If points in vector space are projected onto a randomly selected subspace of suitably high dimensions, then the distances between the points are approximately preserved.
Random Projection (RP)
- In RP, a higher dimensional data is projected onto a lower-dimensional subspace using a random matrix whose columns have unit length.
- RP is computationally efficient, yet accurate enough for this purpose as it does not introduce a significant distortion in the data.
-
It is not sensitive to impulse noise. So RP is promising alternative to some existing methods in noise reduction (like mean filtering) too.
- The original d-dimensional data is projected to a k-dimensional \((k \lt \lt d)\) through the origin, using a random \(k * d\) matrix R whose columns have unit lengths. It is given by
- Where
- \(X_{k*N}^{RP}\) is the k-dimensional random projection
- \(R_{k*d}\) is the random matrix used for transformation
- \(X_{d*N}\) are the original set of N d-dimensional observations
-
The key idea of random mapping arises from Johnson-Lindenstrauss Lemma
- Complexity
- Forming a random matrix R and projecting d * N data matrix X into k dimensions is of the order O(dkN)
- If X is a sparse matrix with c non-zero values per column, then the complexity is O(ckN)
-
Theoretically, equation (1) is not a projection because R is generally not orthogonal. A linear mapping like (1) can cause significant distortion in data if R is not orthogonal. Orthogonalizing R is computationally expensive.
-
Instead of orthogonalizing, RP relies on the result presented by Hecht-Neilsen i.e. In a high dimensional space, there exists a much larger number of almost orthogonal than orthogonal directions. Thus the vectors with random directions might be sufficiently close to orthogonal, and equivalently \(R^TR\) would approximate an identity matrix.
-
Experimental results show the mean squared difference between \(R^TR\) and identity matrix is around 1/k per element.
- Euclidean distances between \(x_1\) and \(x_2\) in the original large-dimensional space is given by
- After RP, this distance can be approximated by scaled Euclidean distance of these vectors in reduced spaces:
-
Where d is the original and k is the reduced dimensionality of the data set and scaling factor \(\sqrt{d \over k}\) takes into account the decrease in dimensionality of the data set.
-
According to Johnson-Lindenstrauss Lemma, the expected norm of a projection of unit vector onto a random subspace through origin is \(\sqrt{k \over d}\).
-
The choice of R matrix is generally such that \(r_{ij}\) of R are often Gaussian Distributed although many other choices are available. There is a peculiar result which says one can use the following distribution which is much simpler.
-
Practically, all zero mean, unit variance distributions of \(r_{ij}\) would give a mapping that satisfies the Johnson-Lindenstrauss Lemma.
-
Equation (2) helps reduce the computational expense even further.
Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
- PCA is eigenvalue decomposition of the data covariance matrix. It is computed as
- Where
- columns of E are the eigenvectors of the data covariance matrix \(E{XX^T}\)
- \(\Lambda\) is a the diagonal matrix containing the respective eigenvalues.
- Dimensionality reduction of data set is obtained by projection on a subspace spanned by most important eigenvectors, given by
- Where
- The d * k matrix \(E_k\) contains the k eigenvectors corresponding to the k larges eigenvalues.
-
PCA is the optimal way to project data in the mean-square sense, i.e. the squared error introduced in the projection is minimized over all projections onto a k-dimensional space.
-
Eigen value decomposition of the data covariance matrix is very expensive.
- Computational Complexity : \(O(d^2N) + O(d^3)\)
Singular Value Decomposition (SVD)
- Closely related to PCA, singular value decomposition is given by
- Where
- Orthogonal matrices U and V contain the left and right singular vectors of X respectively
- The diagonal matrix S contains the singular values of X.
- Using SVD, the dimensionality of data can be reduced by projecting data onto the space spanned by the left singular vectors corresponding to the k largest singular values, given by
-
Where \(U_k\) is of size d * k and contains k singular vectors.
-
Like PCA, SVD is also expensive to compute.
-
For sparse data matrix \(X_{d*N}\) with about c non-zero entries per column, the computational complexity is of the order O(dcN).
Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI)
-
It is a dimensionality reduction method for text document data.
-
Using LSI, the document data is represented in a lower-dimensional “topic” space: the documents are characterized by some underlying (latent, hidden) concepts referred to by the terms.
-
LSI can be computed either by PCA or SVD of the data matrix of N d-dimensional document vectors.
Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT)
-
Widely used for image compression and can be used for dimensionality reduction of image data.
-
Computational more efficient than PCA and has performance approachable to PCA.
-
DCT is optimal for human eye: the distortions introduced occur at the highest frequencies only, neglected by human eye as noise.
-
DCT can be performed by simple matrix operations: Image is first transformed to DCT space and dimensionality reduction is achieved during inverse transform by discarding the transform coefficients corresponding to highest frequencies.
-
Computing DCT is not data-dependent, unlike PCA that needs the eigenvalue decomposition of data covariance matrix, which is why DCT is orders of magnitude cheaper to compute than PCA.
-
Computational Complexity : \(O(dN\,log_2(dN))\) for data matrix of size d * N.
Notes About Random Projection
-
RP does not distort the data significantly more than PCA. Also at smaller dimensions PCA seems to distort data more than RP because of removal of significantly important eigenvectors by elimination.
-
Computational complexity of RP is significantly lesser than other methods like PCA, but more than DCT.
-
So it can be inferred that RP are a better choice given the trade off of DCT accuracy for reduced complexity.
-
At smaller dimension RP outperforms DCT both on accuracy and complexity.
-
Use case can often be a factor in considering the most optimal way of dimensionality reduction. Say, even though RP outperforms DCT, it cannot be used for purposes where aim is to transmit the minimized dataset and re-obtain original data on the other end for human viewing.
-
Psuedoinverse computation of R is expensive to compute but because R is almost orthogonal, \(R^T\) would be a good approximation of psuedoinverse. So the image can be computed from RP as,
-
Where \(X_{k*N}^{RP}\) is the result of random projection. But the obtained image is visually worse than a DCT compressed image, to a human eye.
-
So RP would serve very well in applications where distance or similarity between data vectors should be preseved under dimensionality reduction as well as possible, but where data is not intended to be visualized for the human eye, eg. machine vision.
-
In case of text dataset, the error in dimensionality reduction is calculated by calculating the inner product among randomly chosen data pairs before and after transform. It is observed that RP is not as accurate as SVD but the error may be neglectable in various use cases. The possible cause could be that the Johnson-Lindenstrauss makes statement about Euclidean distance, but Inner product is a different metric even if Euclidean distance is maintained well.
REFERENCES
Random projection in dimensionality reduction: Applications to image and text data
Various Embeddings on Digits Data - Python Sklearn


Need to display item or set of content composed of different elements whose size or supported actions vary.
Cards are a convenient means of displaying content composed of different elements. They’re also well-suited for showcasing elements whose size or supported actions vary, like photos with captions of variable length.
A card can be used with any of the optional card sub-elements including:
Additionally, a card may contain other components such as search, lists, icons, and images.
Standard card with content
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad
In special cases, cards may contain form elements, like the login card. However, in most sitautions, we recommend using the Card Over full page layout for forms.
Cards support many rich components, including our management list. When adding multiple lists to a card, seperate them using md-divider and consider adding md-subheader.
Owner
Description
API Key
Last Updated
Created
Owner
Description
API Key
Last Updated
Created
In this example, notice the search component in the top left. Also, using the flex model, you can simulate columns by using the same layout on each row. See the management list for more implementation details.
Item Description
Firstname Lastname Apr 14, 2016 12:32 PMItem Description
Firstname Lastname Apr 14, 2016 12:32 PMImages displayed within cards inherit styling which removes margin and padding, depending on where the imgae is positioned within the card. Notice if the image is first it has proper rounded corners.
Examples are leveraging the following special image elements:
md-card-sm-image
md-card-md-image


(.‐.) masks medical arm respirators influenza respiratory continuous control infection infections laboratory‐confirmed trial Control {border-style Ref analysis data Health efficacy px;} use #ffffff;} targeted transmission clinical droplet‐transmitted mask (RR Medical Disease droplet risk study HCWs Influenza health lower protection significant virus workers .‐.) bacterial colonisation compared outcomes respirator Continuous MacIntyre Targeted cases collab: healthcare model pooled used Prevention Trial conducted guidelines trials viral Laboratory‐confirmed Public airborne arms care difference included number px; rates using {font-family (Table Accessed Australian Chughtai However, Seale arms. font-size mode statistically testing (C) Center Ebola Figure IPD John Research Table Wiley arm. category cluster different double; infections. interaction meta‐analysis performed spread studies trials. viruses <. (/, (CDC) Beijing Ltd, RCTs RSV Sons, World adjusted arm, binomial border-color border-width categorised coronavirus hospital including infections, influenza. large log pathogens prevention published randomised results results. second similar solid; superior trials, use, vaccine {font-style {font-weight ‐.) (M, (Male) (WHO) (i) (ii) (iii) Australia Bold CI) Centers China Council Hand Infection Multivariable New P‐value RCT Relative Respir Respiratory Sex Variables Wang according aerosol analysis, better bold catalogue consistency courier; demonstrated design disease em; examine examined guidelines. indicates infection. investigator‐driven lowest masks. methods outcomes, patient patients presumed preventing procedures provide pt;} randomized rate recommend registered research respirators. routine seasonal significantly small statistical support transmission. value washing


Emily Mackevicius is a co-founder and director of Basis Research Institute,
a member of the Simons Society of Fellows,
and a postdoc in the Aronov lab
and the Center for Theoretical Neuroscience
at Columbia’s
Zuckerman Institute.
She is interested in how intelligent behaviors emerge, especially in distributed and recurrent systems. Her research uncovers how complex cognitive behaviors are generated by networks of neurons through local learning rules. Her theoretical work is strongly grounded in experimental practice, currently neural recordings in food-caching birds with extreme memory abilities.
Computational neuroscience is a fascinating and expanding
subject. Over the past few years, I've been involved in teaching several computational neuroscience
courses, including designing new curricula. Links to relevant materials (and websites for a couple of my
other favorite courses) are below:
How to make
(almost) anything (taught by Neil Gershenfeld) provides detailed practical
advice on making (almost) anything. It's also fun to look through what people
made each week. Here's my page documenting
each of my weekly projects.
Other
Etsy pottery page (inactive, but let me know if you're interested in my pottery)


Backend Server Infastructure
Co Web React Infastructure
Co Web React Infrastructure
Web React Front End
Full Stack, Husband, and Father
Marketing Page UI
Use of HTML and CSS.


Change log¶
Version 1.0.1¶
Substantial improvements and updates to online documentation. Renamed two util
module functions to align with PEP style conventions specifically:
Kolmogorov_Smirnov
became kolmogorov_smirnov
and calc_emp_CDF
became calc_emp_cdf
, also renamed util.load_data_file
to
util.load_data
for consistency with util.load_statvar
. Name changes
are backwards compatible.
Bug Fixes¶
- Fix prmspy script errors after prms-python installation with Python 2
Version 1.0.0¶
Stable version and first numbered release on PyPI. All functionality tested and passed on multiple platforms using several PRMS models.
Major submodules, classes and functions¶
- data - Data
- parameters - Parameters, modify_params
- simulation - Simulation, SimulationSeries
- scenario - Scenario, ScenarioSeries
- optimizer - Optimizer, OptimizationResult, resample_param
- util - load_statvar, nash_sutcliffe, and others
This version also includes the command line interface script “prmspy”. Ongoing work on Docs website, includes mostly up-to-date Jupyter notebook examples.
Version 0.1.0¶
First numbered version, was not setup for installation using PyPI. Many changes occured for initial development under this version which were not released.


If you’ve installed nftfw from a zip or tar file, then revisit the github pages and pull the current version. Unpack and install the files.
If you used git, then change to the your nftfw source directory and
git pull $
which will pull the files that have changed, and will also tell you if you are up-to-date.
If you’ve run the nftfw system tests, git will complain about some new files. In the nftfw directory:
cd tests
$ make clean $
will remove the files created by the tests, and the pull should now work.
To use git in future:
sudo apt install git
$ ..
# I put my copy in /usr/local/src, and need to be root to install
cd /usr/local/src
$ sudo git clone https://github.com/pcollinson/nftfw $
# cd into the installed nftfw directory
sudo pip3 install .
$ # will uninstall the old version say
Successfully installed nftfw-<version>
Will update files in your etc/nftfw directory, but will not touch any working files. The original directory may contain changes that are useful to you. You can use diff to compare your working versions with files in the original directory.
The [Incron] section in the config.ini file can be deleted as it’s no longer used.
Summary of changes from 0.7 requiring some reconfiguration:
Other changes:
nftfw has gained a new control directory etc/nftfw/blacknets.d which allows you to install files of IP address ranges coded as using CIDR notation. The blacknets system provides blocking of a large number of IP networks based on lists of addresses. It can be used to keep whole countries out, or stop access from large organisations with complex address ranges. There’s a document Getting CIDR lists explaining how to get the country lists onto your system. There are other sources of bulk blacklists.
To support the new category of blocking there are some changes to etc/nftfw/nftfw_init.nft that need to be installed, when updating - remember to run the Install.sh script and then copy etc/nftfw/originals/nftfw_init.nft to etc/nftfw/nftfw_init.nft. If you’ve made changes to the installed file, you’ll need to edit them in again. It’s wise then run
sudo nftfw -f load $
to ensure that you have a clean installation.
If you’ve installed the systemd based active file system, then you will need to update /etc/systemd/system/nftfw.path to include the new blacknets.d directory. Copy the nftfw.path from the systemd directory in the release to /etc/systemd/system/nftfw.path, the file contains the five lines that are needed. Then tell systemd to reload:
# sudo systemctl daemon-reload
ntftw no longer recommends the use of incron to provide a ‘active’ directory so changes in directories in_/usr/local/nftfw_ cause automatic running of the nftfw load command. A systemd unit that watches directories and calls the command replaces incron. If you’ve installed a previous version then you need to unwind parts of the incron support system.
Take these steps if you ran versions of nftfw before 0.6 and used incron. These steps are shown in other files, but it seems sensible to emphasise them here. These can be done before or after you install the new version. The systemd can run with version before 0.6, but 0.6 contains some coding changes to make it work a little better.
First, move to the nftfw distribution and replace the cron.d file
cd cronfiles
$ # check that the paths used in cron-nftfw are correct for you
sudo cp cron-nftfw /etc/cron.d/nftfw
$ cd .. $
then stop incron from running nftfw:
sudo rm /etc/incron.d/nftfw $
Install systemd control files from systemd in the nftfw distribution:
cd systemd
$ # check nftfw.path and nftfw.service have correct paths
sudo cp nftfw.* /etc/systemd/system
$ cd ..
$
# start the path unit only
sudo systemctl enable nftfw.path
$ sudo systemctl start nftfw.path
$ sudo systemctl status
$
# DON'T start or enable nftfw.service
# it will be started when needed by nftfw.path
Stop incron if it’s running and you no longer need it
sudo systemctl stop incron
$ sudo systemctl disable incron $
Finally a tip that’s hard to find: reload systemd if you change the nftfw files after installation and starting:
sudo systemctl daemon-reload $


--- title: papersweep keywords: fastai sidebar: home_sidebar summary: "Combining papermill and wandb sweeps for fricitionless experimebnts with Jupyter notebooks" description: "Combining papermill and wandb sweeps for fricitionless experimebnts with Jupyter notebooks" nb_path: "00_cli.ipynb" ---
a = papersweep_exec(input_nb='./_example_tsai.ipynb',
sweep_config='examples/sweep_config.yaml',
entity='vrodriguezf',
project='papersweep',
pm_params='examples/run_config.yaml')
with maybe_open('examples/run_config.yaml', 'r') as f:
rc = yaml.safe_load(f)


Over the past year, our Code the change team worked on resolving bugs in Catrobat’s Android app and led the project for creating the first iteration of the merge feature (think of git merge) to allow multiple people building the same project on Pocket Code to merge their individual features. We made changes to the UI to enable the merge feature and also initial backend changes to merge simple projects.
This year, we will continue building this merge feature to merge more complex projects and further build backend APIs.


Our cool and comfortable two bedroom, 2 bathroom apartment has a modern San Francisco feeling! The bedroom comfortably fits two and is centrally located, just two blocks from Alamo Square Park. Enjoy easy street parking and access to major bus lines.
keyword tag post
Amazing top floor SF condo w/ breathtaking view of the South part of the city! Enjoy beautiful sunrise&sunset. Great Location, walking distance to BART, Muni & very short drive to 101&280 freeways. Include Parking garage
keyword tag post


{% extends "registration/registration_base.html" %} {% load i18n %} {% block title %}{% trans "Registration Forwarded for Approval" %}{% endblock %} {% block content %}
Thank you for confirming your email address. The site admin has been notified and will review your registration. You will be notified when your registration has been approved.
{% endblock %}


It has been quiet sometime since I got my hands dirty, so here we go today!! Recently we had a use-case where we needed to setup a Jenkins server on a public network for some POC and we as DevOps could not bear the fact that the traffic exiting from our network is in plain text. Hence we wanted to do something about it and we would like to share our view point on how did we achieved this goal.
For successfully testing this, we have the below pre-requisites:
- Operating system: Ubuntu 20.04
- Administrator or sudo access to the server
- Open Internet connectivity to ensure package installation go through
A high level set of the steps involved will be:
- Generation of ssh keys followed by the verification of the generated files
- Updating the apt cache
- Installing the required packages
- Validating the Jenkins process is running and enabled in systemd
- Creating public and private SSL keys using openssl tool
- Getting started with the Jenkins UI and plugins installations
Install Jenkins
Follow the below steps to install Jenkins on your server
- Generate SSH keys
ssh-keygen
- Verify the generated key files
ls -ltr ~/.ssh
- Now that the ssh keys have been validated we can go ahead and install Jenkins alons with it’s dependencies using the below commands
wget -q -O - https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable/jenkins.io.key | sudo apt-key add - sudo apt-add-repository "deb https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/" sudo apt-get update -y sudo apt install git vim telnet curl wget tree default-jdk jenkins openssl nginx -y systemctl status jenkins
-
Verify the Jenkins Installation by going to the browser on port 8080
- Create the private and public ssl keys using the openssl tool
openssl req -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout key.pem -x509 -days 365 -out cert.pem
- Convert the generated keys into a .p12 keystore, it will ask for a password. For the sake of convenience I will be setting them as Jenkins123
openssl pkcs12 -inkey key.pem -in cert.pem -export -out cert.p12
- Importing the .p12 using the keytool utility to a destination keystore with the name jenkins.jks with the destination store type as JKS
keytool -importkeystore -srckeystore ./cert.p12 -srcstoretype pkcs12 -destkeystore jenkins.jks -deststoretype JKS
- Copy the jenkins.jks to a location which is accessible by the Jenkins process and also change the owner and group of the file ot jenkins
sudo cp jenkins.jks /var/lib/jenkins/ sudo chown jenkins:jenkins /var/lib/jenkins/jenkins.jks
- Edit the Jenkins systemd file
sudo vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/jenkins.service
- And add the below 3 lines as shown in the image
Environment="JENKINS_HTTPS_PORT=8443" Environment="JENKINS_HTTPS_KEYSTORE=/var/lib/jenkins/jenkins.jks" Environment="JENKINS_HTTPS_KEYSTORE_PASSWORD=Jenkins123"
- Reload the systemctl daemon as there has been a change in the service file
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
- Restart the Jenkins process
sudo systemctl restart jenkins
- Check the status of the Jenkins process
sudo systemctl status jenkins
- Verify if the Jenkins process is running on https. We will see the app running on port 8443 as well
netstat -ntplau | grep -i java
This ensures Jenkins runs on SSL, now we would need to setup a reverse proxy using nginx to serve the traffic.


| 010:052 Khan | : |
Then it will be said to them who wronged themselves: "Taste you the everlasting torment! Are you recompensed (aught) save what you used to earn?" |
| 010:052 Maulana | : |
Then will it be said to those who were unjust: Taste abiding chastisement; you are not requited except for what you earned. |
| 010:052 Pickthal | : |
Then will it be said unto those who dealt unjustly Taste the torment of eternity. Are ye requited aught save what ye used to earn? |
| 010:052 Rashad | : |
It will be said to the transgressors, "Taste the eternal retribution. Are you not requited precisely for what you have earned?" |
| 010:052 Sarwar | : |
The unjust will be told, "Suffer the everlasting torment. Do you expect a recompense other than what you deserve? |
| 010:052 Shakir | : |
Then it shall be said to those who were unjust: Taste abiding chastisement; you are not requited except for what you earned. |
| 010:052 Sherali | : |
Then it will be said to those who did wrong, 'Taste ye the abiding punishment. You are not requited save for that which you earned.' |
| 010:052 Yusufali | : |
"At length will be said to the wrong-doers: 'Taste ye the enduring punishment! ye get but the recompense of what ye earned!'" |
Concepts/Themes Covered: أركان الإسلام > التوحيد > المكذبون الظالمون > صفاتهم Pillars of Islam> Islamic> The Oppressive Liars> Their Characteristics الإيمان > الغيب > الخلود > الخلود في العذاب Faith> The Unseen World> The Eternity> The Immortality in Torture الإيمان > اليوم الآخر > الجزاء بالعمل Faith> The Hereafter> The Award against Action العمل > المسؤولية > مسؤولية المرء عن عمله Action(Work)> Responsibility> Every one is Responsible for What he/she has Done
This tool uses eight English parallel translations for the Holy Quran imported from Mr. Clay Smith. You can also visit Qurany Concepts for browsing the Quran themes or topics. If you want to search the Holy Quran for keywords, please visit Qurany Keywords.


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Hey, I am Sagar Junnarkar Welcome to my site You are here, may be to know more about me or to read my blog.


22+ Windows Log Files US. Follow below to see how you can use the event. If you are experiencing problems installing windows, consult the log files to troubleshoot the installation.
Just open the even viewer and check. Log files are of many types. A system log file contains info about all your recent activities on your system.
Reading windows log files is an important part of maintaining proper operation and ensuring system security.
After creating the necessary log files and memory dump, windows usually restarts the system as such, you can find bsod log files within the event viewer tool. Windows references logs as events, while plesk and most other systems call them logs. However, for those who don't know about these log files, they might in windows 10, another method to delete the win log files is to open the event viewer gui. Windows log files are also known as win log files.