3.0.5 Development
Bugfixes:
- Remove
any_number_of_times
fromany_instance
recorders that were erroneously causing mention of the method in documentation. (Jon Rowe, #760) - Prevent included modules being detected as prepended modules on Ruby 2.0. (Eugene Kenny, #771)
3.0.4 / 2014-08-14
Bug Fixes:
- Restore
kind_of(x)
to match usingarg.kind_of?(x)
(like RSpec 2) rather thanx === arg
. (Jon Rowe, #750)
3.0.3 / 2014-07-21
Bug Fixes:
have_received
matcher will raise "does not implement" errors correctly when used with verifying doubles and partial doubles. (Xavier Shay, #722)- Make
double.as_null_object.dup
anddouble.as_null_object.clone
make the copies be null objects. (Myron Marston, #732) - Don't inadvertently define
BasicObject
in 1.8.7. (Chris Griego, #739)
3.0.2 / 2014-06-19
Bug Fixes:
- Fix edge case that triggered "can't add a new key into hash during iteration" during mock verification. (Sam Phippen, Myron Marston, #711)
- Fix verifying doubles so that when they accidentally leak into another example, they provide the same clear error message that normal doubles do. (Myron Marston, #718)
- Make
ordered
work with exact receive counts. (Sam Phippen, #713)
3.0.1 / 2014-06-07
Bug Fixes:
- Fix
receive_message_chain(...)
so that it supportswith
just likestub_chain
did. (Jon Rowe, #697) - Fix regression in
expect_any_instance_of
so that it expects the message on any instance rather than on every instance. (Myron Marston, #699)
3.0.0 / 2014-06-01
Bug Fixes:
- Fix module prepend detection to work properly on ruby 2.0 for a case where a module is extended onto itself. (Myron Marston)
- Fix
transfer_nested_constants
option so that transferred constants get properly reset at the end of the example. (Myron Marston) - Fix
config.transfer_nested_constants = true
so that you don't erroneously get errors when stubbing a constant that is not a module or a class. (Myron Marston) - Fix regression that caused
double(:class => SomeClass)
to later trigger infinite recursion. (Myron Marston) - Fix bug in
have_received(...).with(...).ordered
where it was not taking the args into account when checking the order. (Myron Marston) - Fix bug in
have_received(...).ordered
where it was wrongly considering stubs when checking the order. (Myron Marston) - Message expectation matchers now show descriptions from argument matchers when their expectations aren't met. (Jon Rowe)
- Display warning when encountering
TypeError
during instance method staging on 2.0.0-p195, suffers from https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/8686 too. (Cezar Halmagean).
3.0.0.rc1 / 2014-05-18
Breaking Changes for 3.0.0:
- Remove
RSpec::Mocks::TestDouble.extend_onto
. (Myron Marston) - Remove
RSpec::Mocks::ConstantStubber
. (Jon Rowe) - Make monkey-patch of Marshal to support dumping of stubbed objects opt-in. (Xavier Shay)
Enhancements:
- Instead of crashing when cleaning up stub methods on a frozen object, it now issues a warning explaining that it's impossible to clean up the stubs. (Justin Coyne and Sam Phippen)
- Add meaningful descriptions to
anything
,duck_type
andinstance_of
argument matchers. (Jon Rowe)
Bug Fixes:
- Fix regression introduced in 3.0.0.beta2 that caused
double.as_null_object.to_str
to return the double rather than a string. (Myron Marston) - Fix bug in
expect(dbl).to receive_message_chain(:foo, :bar)
where it was not setting an expectation for the last message in the chain. (Jonathan del Strother) - Allow verifying partial doubles to have private methods stubbed. (Xavier Shay)
- Fix bug with allowing/expecting messages on Class objects which have had their singleton class prepended to. (Jon Rowe)
- Fix an issue with 1.8.7 not running implementation blocks on partial doubles. (Maurício Linhares)
- Prevent
StackLevelTooDeep
errors when stubbing anany_instance
method that's accessed ininspect
by providing our own inspect output. (Jon Rowe) - Fix bug in
any_instance
logic that did not allow you to mock or stub private methods ifverify_partial_doubles
was configured. (Oren Dobzinski) - Include useful error message when trying to observe an unimplemented method on an any instance. (Xavier Shay)
- Fix
and_call_original
to work properly when multiple classes in an inheritance hierarchy have been stubbed with the same method. (Myron Marston) - Fix
any_instance
so that it updates existing instances that have already been stubbed. (Myron Marston) - Fix verified doubles so that their class name is included in failure messages. (Myron Marston)
- Fix
expect_any_instance_of
so that when the message is received on an individual instance that has been directly stubbed, it still satisfies the expectation. (Sam Phippen, Myron Marston) - Explicitly disallow using
any_instance
to mock or stub a method that is defined on a module prepended onto the class. This triggeredSystemStackError
before and is very hard to support so we are not supporting it at this time. (Myron Marston)
3.0.0.beta2 / 2014-02-17
Breaking Changes for 3.0.0:
- Rename
RSpec::Mocks::Mock
toRSpec::Mocks::Double
. (Myron Marston) - Change how to integrate rspec-mocks in other test frameworks. You now
need to include
RSpec::Mocks::ExampleMethods
in your test context. (Myron Marston) - Prevent RSpec mocks' doubles and partial doubles from being used outside of
the per-test lifecycle (e.g. from a
before(:all)
hook). (Sam Phippen) - Remove the
host
argument ofRSpec::Mocks.setup
. InsteadRSpec::Mocks::ExampleMethods
should be included directly in the scope where RSpec's mocking capabilities are used. (Sam Phippen) - Make test doubles raise errors if you attempt to use them after they get reset, to help surface issues when you accidentally retain references to test doubles and attempt to reuse them in another example. (Myron Marston)
- Remove support for
and_return { value }
andand_return
without arguments. (Yuji Nakayama)
Enhancements:
- Add
receive_message_chain
which provides the functionality of the oldstub_chain
for the new allow/expect syntax. Use it like so:allow(...).to receive_message_chain(:foo, :bar, :bazz)
. (Sam Phippen). - Change argument matchers to use
===
as their primary matching protocol, since their semantics mirror that of a case or rescue statement (which uses===
for matching). (Myron Marston) - Add
RSpec::Mocks.with_temporary_scope
, which allows you to create temporary rspec-mocks scopes in arbitrary places (such as abefore(:all)
hook). (Myron Marston) - Support keyword arguments when checking arity with verifying doubles. (Xavier Shay)
Bug Fixes:
- Fix regression in 3.0.0.beta1 that caused
double("string_name" => :value)
to stop working. (Xavier Shay) - Fix the way rspec-mocks and rspec-core interact so that if users
define a
let
with the same name as one of the methods fromRSpec::Mocks::ArgumentMatchers
, the user'slet
takes precedence. (Michi Huber, Myron Marston) - Fix verified doubles so that their methods match the visibility (public, protected or private) of the interface they verify against. (Myron Marston)
- Fix verified null object doubles so that they do not wrongly report that they respond to anything. They only respond to methods available on the interface they verify against. (Myron Marston)
- Fix deprecation warning for use of old
:should
syntax w/o explicit config so that it no longer is silenced by an extension gem such as rspec-rails when it callsconfig.add_stub_and_should_receive_to
. (Sam Phippen) - Fix
expect
syntax so that it does not wrongly emit a "You're overriding a previous implementation for this stub" warning when you are not actually doing that. (Myron Marston) - Fix
any_instance.unstub
when used on sub classes for whom the super class has hadany_instance.stub
invoked on. (Jon Rowe) - Fix regression in
stub_chain
/receive_message_chain
that caused it to raise anArgumentError
when passing args to the stubbed methods. (Sam Phippen) - Correct stub of undefined parent modules all the way down when stubbing a nested constant. (Xavier Shay)
- Raise
VerifyingDoubleNotDefinedError
when a constant is not defined for a verifying class double. (Maurício Linhares) - Remove
Double#to_str
, which caused confusingraise some_double
behavior. (Maurício Linhares)
3.0.0.beta1 / 2013-11-07
Breaking Changes for 3.0.0:
- Raise an explicit error if
should_not_receive(...).and_return
is used. (Sam Phippen) - Remove 1.8.6 workarounds. (Jon Rowe)
- Remove
stub!
andunstub!
. (Sam Phippen) - Remove
mock(name, methods)
andstub(name, methods)
, leavingdouble(name, methods)
for creating test doubles. (Sam Phippen, Michi Huber) - Remove
any_number_of_times
sinceshould_receive(:msg).any_number_of_times
is really a stub in a mock's clothing. (Sam Phippen) - Remove support for re-using the same null-object test double in multiple examples. Test doubles are designed to only live for one example. (Myron Marston)
- Make
at_least(0)
raise an error. (Sam Phippen) - Remove support for
require 'spec/mocks'
which had been kept in place for backwards compatibility with RSpec 1. (Myron Marston) - Blocks provided to
with
are always used as implementation. (Xavier Shay) - The config option (added in 2.99) to yield the receiver to
any_instance
implementation blocks now defaults to "on". (Sam Phippen)
Enhancements:
- Allow the
have_received
matcher to use a block to set further expectations on arguments. (Tim Cowlishaw) - Provide
instance_double
andclass_double
to create verifying doubles, ported fromrspec-fire
. (Xavier Shay) as_null_object
on a verifying double only responds to defined methods. (Xavier Shay)- Provide
object_double
to create verified doubles of specific object instances. (Xavier Shay) - Provide
verify_partial_doubles
configuration that providesobject_double
like verification behaviour on partial doubles. (Xavier Shay) - Improved performance of double creation, particularly those with many attributes. (Xavier Shay)
- Default value of
transfer_nested_constants
option for constant stubbing can be configured. (Xavier Shay) - Messages can be allowed or expected on in bulk via
receive_messages(:message => :value)
. (Jon Rowe) allow(Klass.any_instance)
andexpect(Klass.any_instance)
now print a warning. This is usually a mistake, and users usually wantallow_any_instance_of
orexpect_any_instance_of
instead. (Sam Phippen)instance_double
andclass_double
raiseArgumentError
if the underlying module is loaded and the arity of the method being invoked does not match the arity of the method as it is actually implemented. (Andy Lindeman)- Spies can now check their invocation ordering is correct. (Jon Rowe)
Deprecations:
- Using the old
:should
syntax without explicitly configuring it is deprecated. It will continue to work but will emit a deprecation warning in RSpec 3 if you do not explicitly enable it. (Sam Phippen)
Bug Fixes:
- Fix
and_call_original
to handle a complex edge case involving singleton class ancestors. (Marc-André Lafortune, Myron Marston) - When generating an error message for unexpected arguments,
use
#inspect
rather than#description
if#description
returnsnil
or''
so that you still get a useful message. (Nick DeLuca)
2.99.3 / 2015-01-09
Bug Fixes:
- Fix regression that caused an error when a test double was deserialized from YAML. (Yuji Nakayama, #777)
2.99.2 / 2014-07-21
Enhancements:
- Warn about upcoming change to
#===
matching andDateTime#===
behaviour. (Jon Rowe, #735)
2.99.1 / 2014-06-12
Bug Fixes:
- Fix bug that caused errors at the end of each example
when a
double.as_null_object
had been frozen. (Yuji Nakayama, #698)
Deprecations:
- Deprecate freezing a test double. (Yuji Nakayama, #698)
2.99.0 / 2014-06-01
No changes. Just taking it out of pre-release.
2.99.0.rc1 / 2014-05-18
Deprecations:
- Deprecate
RSpec::Mocks::TestDouble.extend_onto
. (Myron Marston) - Deprecate
RSpec::Mocks::ConstantStubber
. (Jon Rowe) - Deprecate
Marshal.dump
monkey-patch without opt-in. (Xavier Shay)
2.99.0.beta2 / 2014-02-17
Deprecations:
- Deprecate
RSpec::Mocks::Mock
in favor ofRSpec::Mocks::Double
. (Myron Marston) - Deprecate the
host
argument ofRSpec::Mocks.setup
. InsteadRSpec::Mocks::ExampleMethods
should be included directly in the scope where RSpec's mocking capabilities are used. (Sam Phippen) - Deprecate using any of rspec-mocks' features outside the per-test
lifecycle (e.g. from a
before(:all)
hook). (Myron Marston) - Deprecate re-using a test double in another example. (Myron Marston)
- Deprecate
and_return { value }
andand_return
without arguments. (Yuji Nakayama)
2.99.0.beta1 / 2013-11-07
Deprecations
- Expecting to use lambdas or other strong arity implementations for stub methods with mis-matched arity is deprecated and support for them will be removed in 3.0. Either provide the right amount of arguments or use a weak arity implementation (methods with splats or procs). (Jon Rowe)
- Using the same test double instance in multiple examples is deprecated. Test
doubles are only meant to live for one example. The mocks and stubs have
always been reset between examples; however, in 2.x the
as_null_object
state was not reset and some users relied on this to have a null object double that is used for many examples. This behavior will be removed in 3.0. (Myron Marston) - Print a detailed warning when an
any_instance
implementation block is used when the newyield_receiver_to_any_instance_implementation_blocks
config option is not explicitly set, as RSpec 3.0 will default to enabling this new feature. (Sam Phippen)
Enhancements:
- Add a config option to yield the receiver to
any_instance
implementation blocks. (Sam Phippen)
2.14.6 / 2014-02-20
Bug Fixes:
- Ensure
any_instance
method stubs and expectations are torn down regardless of expectation failures. (Sam Phippen)
2.14.5 / 2014-02-01
Bug Fixes:
- Fix regression that caused block implementations to not receive all
args on 1.8.7 if the block also receives a block, due to Proc#arity
reporting
1
no matter how many args the block receives if it receives a block, too. (Myron Marston)
2.14.4 / 2013-10-15
Bug Fixes:
- Fix issue where unstubing methods on "any instances" would not remove stubs on existing instances (Jon Rowe)
- Fix issue with receive(:message) do ... end precedence preventing
the usage of modifications (
and_return
etc) (Jon Rowe)
2.14.3 / 2013-08-08
Bug Fixes:
- Fix stubbing some instance methods for classes whose hierarchy includes a prepended Module (Bradley Schaefer)
2.14.2 / 2013-07-30
Bug Fixes:
- Fix
as_null_object
doubles so that they returnnil
fromto_ary
(Jon Rowe). - Fix regression in 2.14 that made
stub!
(with an implicit receiver) return a test double rather than stub a method (Myron Marston).
2.14.1 / 2013-07-07
Bug Fixes:
- Restore
double.as_null_object
behavior from 2.13 and earlier: a double's nullness persisted between examples in earlier examples. While this is not an intended use case (test doubles are meant to live for only one example), we don't want to break behavior users rely on in a minor relase. This will be deprecated in 2.99 and removed in 3.0. (Myron Marston)
2.14.0 / 2013-07-06
Enhancements:
- Document test spies in the readme. (Adarsh Pandit)
- Add an
array_including
matcher. (Sam Phippen) - Add a syntax-agnostic API for mocking or stubbing a method. This is intended for use by libraries such as rspec-rails that need to mock or stub a method, and work regardless of the syntax the user has configured (Paul Annesley, Myron Marston and Sam Phippen).
Bug Fixes:
- Fix
double
so that it sets up passed stubs correctly regardless of the configured syntax (Paul Annesley). - Allow a block implementation to be used in combination with
and_yield
,and_raise
,and_return
orand_throw
. This got fixed in 2.13.1 but failed to get merged into master for the 2.14.0.rc1 release (Myron Marston). Marshal.dump
does not unnecessarily duplicate objects when rspec-mocks has not been fully initialized. This could cause errors when usingspork
or similar preloading gems (Andy Lindeman).
2.14.0.rc1 / 2013-05-27
Enhancements:
- Refactor internals so that the mock proxy methods and state are held
outside of the mocked object rather than inside it. This paves the way
for future syntax enhancements and removes the need for some hacky
work arounds for
any_instance
dup'ing andYAML
serialization, among other things. Note that the code now relies upon__id__
returning a unique, consistent value for any object you want to mock or stub (Myron Marston). - Add support for test spies. This allows you to verify a message
was received afterwards using the
have_received
matcher. Note that you must first stub the method or use a null double. (Joe Ferris and Joël Quenneville) - Make
at_least
andat_most
style receive expectations print that they were expecting at least or at most some number of calls, rather than just the number of calls given in the expectation (Sam Phippen) - Make
with
style receive expectations print the args they were expecting, and the args that they got (Sam Phippen) - Fix some warnings seen under ruby 2.0.0p0 (Sam Phippen).
- Add a new
:expect
syntax for message expectations (Myron Marston and Sam Phippen).
Bug fixes
- Fix
any_instance
so that a frozen object can bedup
'd when methods have been stubbed on that type usingany_instance
(Jon Rowe). - Fix
and_call_original
so that it properly raises anArgumentError
when the wrong number of args are passed (Jon Rowe). - Fix
double
on 1.9.2 so you can wrap them in an Array usingArray(my_double)
(Jon Rowe). - Fix
stub_const
andhide_const
to handle constants that redefinesend
(Sam Phippen). - Fix
Marshal.dump
extension so that it correctly handles nil. (Luke Imhoff, Jon Rowe) - Fix isolation of
allow_message_expectations_on_nil
(Jon Rowe) - Use inspect to format actual arguments on expectations in failure messages (#280, Ben Langfeld)
- Protect against improperly initialised test doubles (#293) (Joseph Shraibman and Jon Rowe)
Deprecations
- Deprecate
stub
andmock
as aliases fordouble
.double
is the best term for creating a test double, and it reduces confusion to have only one term (Michi Huber). - Deprecate
stub!
andunstub!
in favor ofstub
andunstub
(Jon Rowe). - Deprecate
at_least(0).times
andany_number_of_times
(Michi Huber).
2.13.1 / 2013-04-06
Bug fixes
- Allow a block implementation to be used in combination with
and_yield
,and_raise
,and_return
orand_throw
(Myron Marston).
2.13.0 / 2013-02-23
Bug fixes
- Fix bug that caused weird behavior when a method that had
previously been stubbed with multiple return values (e.g.
obj.stub(:foo).and_return(1, 2)
) was later mocked with a single return value (e.g.obj.should_receive(:foo).once.and_return(1)
). (Myron Marston) - Fix bug related to a mock expectation for a method that already had
multiple stubs with different
with
constraints. Previously, the first stub was used, even though it may not have matched the passed args. The fix defers this decision until the message is received so that the proper stub response can be chosen based on the passed arguments (Myron Marston). - Do not call
nil?
extra times on a mocked object, in casenil?
itself is expected a set number of times (Myron Marston). - Fix
missing_default_stub_error
message so array args are handled properly (Myron Marston). - Explicitly disallow
any_instance.unstub!
(Ryan Jones). - Fix
any_instance
stubbing so that it works withDelegator
subclasses (Myron Marston). - Fix
and_call_original
so that it works withDelegator
subclasses (Myron Marston). - Fix
any_instance.should_not_receive
whenany_instance.should_receive
is used on the same class in the same example. Previously it would wrongly report a failure even when the message was not received (Myron Marston).
2.12.2 / 2013-01-27
Bug fixes
- Fix
and_call_original
to work properly for methods defined on a module extended onto an object instance (Myron Marston). - Fix
stub_const
with an undefined constnat name to work properly with constant strings that are prefixed with::
-- and edge case I missed in the bug fix in the 2.12.1 release (Myron Marston). - Ensure method visibility on a partial mock is restored after reseting
method stubs, even on a singleton module (created via
extend self
) when the method visibility differs between the instance and singleton versions (Andy Lindeman).
2.12.1 / 2012-12-21
Bug fixes
- Fix
any_instance
to supportand_call_original
. (Myron Marston) - Properly restore stubbed aliased methods on rubies that report the incorrect owner (Myron Marston and Andy Lindeman).
- Fix
hide_const
andstub_const
with a defined constnat name to work properly with constant strings that are prefixed with::
(Myron Marston).
2.12.0 / 2012-11-12
Enhancements
and_raise
can accept an exception class and message, more closely matchingKernel#raise
(e.g.,foo.stub(:bar).and_raise(RuntimeError, "message")
) (Bas Vodde)- Add
and_call_original
, which will delegate the message to the original method (Myron Marston).
Deprecations:
- Add deprecation warning when using
and_return
withshould_not_receive
(Neha Kumari)
2.11.3 / 2012-09-19
Bug fixes
- Fix
:transfer_nested_constants
option ofstub_const
so that it doesn't blow up when there are inherited constants. (Myron Marston) any_instance
stubs can be used on classes that overrideObject#method
. (Andy Lindeman)- Methods stubbed with
any_instance
are unstubbed after the test finishes. (Andy Lindeman) - Fix confusing error message when calling a mocked class method an extra time with the wrong arguments (Myron Marston).
2.11.2 / 2012-08-11
Bug fixes
- Don't modify
dup
on classes that don't supportdup
(David Chelimsky) - Fix
any_instance
so that it works properly with methods defined on a superclass. (Daniel Eguzkiza) - Fix
stub_const
so that it works properly for nested constants that share a name with a top-level constant (e.g. "MyGem::Hash"). (Myron Marston)
2.11.1 / 2012-07-09
Bug fixes
- Fix
should_receive
so that when it is called on anas_null_object
double with no implementation, and there is a previous explicit stub for the same method, the explicit stub remains (rather than being overriden with the null object implementation--return self
). (Myron Marston)
2.11.0 / 2012-07-07
Enhancements
- Expose ArgumentListMatcher as a formal API
- supports use by 3rd party mock frameworks like Surrogate
- Add
stub_const
API to stub constants for the duration of an example (Myron Marston).
Bug fixes
- Fix regression of edge case behavior.
double.should_receive(:foo) { a }
was causing a NoMethodError whendouble.stub(:foo).and_return(a, b)
had been setup before (Myron Marston). - Infinite loop generated by using
any_instance
anddup
. (Sidu Ponnappa @kaiwren) double.should_receive(:foo).at_least(:once).and_return(a)
always returns a even if:foo
is already stubbed.- Prevent infinite loop when interpolating a null double into a string
as an integer (
"%i" % double.as_null_object
). (Myron Marston) - Fix
should_receive
so that null object behavior (e.g. returning self) is preserved if no implementation is given (Myron Marston). - Fix
and_raise
so that it raisesRuntimeError
rather thanException
by default, just like ruby does. (Andrew Marshall)
2.10.1 / 2012-05-05
Bug fixes
- fix regression of edge case behavior
(https://github.com/rspec/rspec-mocks/issues/132)
- fixed failure of
object.should_receive(:message).at_least(0).times.and_return value
- fixed failure of
object.should_not_receive(:message).and_return value
- fixed failure of
2.10.0 / 2012-05-03
Bug fixes
- fail fast when an
exactly
orat_most
expectation is exceeded
2.9.0 / 2012-03-17
Enhancements
- Support order constraints across objects (preethiramdev)
Bug fixes
- Allow a
as_null_object
to be passed towith
- Pass proc to block passed to stub (Aubrey Rhodes)
- Initialize child message expectation args to match any args (#109 - preethiramdev)
2.8.0 / 2012-01-04
No changes for this release. Just releasing with the other rspec gems.
2.8.0.rc2 / 2011-12-19
No changes for this release. Just releasing with the other rspec gems.
2.8.0.rc1 / 2011-11-06
Enhancements
- Eliminate Ruby warnings (Matijs van Zuijlen)
2.7.0 / 2011-10-16
Enhancements
- Use
__send__
rather thansend
(alextk) - Add support for
any_instance.stub_chain
(Sidu Ponnappa) - Add support for
any_instance
argument matching based onwith
(Sidu Ponnappa and Andy Lindeman)
Changes
- Check for
failure_message_for_should
orfailure_message
instead ofdescription
to detect a matcher (Tibor Claassen)
Bug fixes
- pass a hash to
any_instance.stub
. (Justin Ko) - allow
to_ary
to be called without raisingNoMethodError
(Mikhail Dieterle) any_instance
properly restores private methods (Sidu Ponnappa)
2.6.0 / 2011-05-12
Enhancements
- Add support for
any_instance.stub
andany_instance.should_receive
(Sidu Ponnappa and Andy Lindeman)
Bug fixes
- fix bug in which multiple chains with shared messages ending in hashes failed to return the correct value
2.5.0 / 2011-02-05
Bug fixes
- message expectation counts now work in combination with a stub (Damian Nurzynski)
- fix failure message when message received with incorrect args (Josep M. Bach)
2.4.0 / 2011-01-02
No functional changes in this release, which was made to align with the rspec-core-2.4.0 release.
2.3.0 / 2010-12-12
Bug fixes
- Fix our Marshal extension so that it does not interfere with objects that
have their own
@mock_proxy
instance variable. (Myron Marston)
2.2.0 / 2010-11-28
Enhancements
- Added "rspec/mocks/standalone" for exploring the rspec-mocks in irb.
Bug fix
- Eliminate warning on splat args without parens (Gioele Barabucci)
- Fix bug where
obj.should_receive(:foo).with(stub.as_null_object)
would pass with a false positive.
2.1.0 / 2010-11-07
Bug fixes
- Fix serialization of stubbed object (Josep M Bach)
2.0.0 / 2010-10-10
2.0.0.rc / 2010-10-05
Enhancements
- support passing a block to an expectation block (Nicolas Braem)
obj.should_receive(:msg) {|&block| ... }
Bug fixes
- Fix YAML serialization of stub (Myron Marston)
- Fix rdoc rake task (Hans de Graaff)
2.0.0.beta.22 / 2010-09-12
Bug fixes
- fixed regression that broke
obj.stub_chain(:a, :b => :c)
- fixed regression that broke
obj.stub_chain(:a, :b) { :c }
respond_to?
always returns true when usingas_null_object


"B-B-B-Bennie and the Jets..." Ben is an extremely diligent and creative developer, he solidifies our team with an outstanding ability for solving problems.
Brian is curently an Epicous student. He enjoys coding, web design, and learning new technologies. He also likes to cook and taste different types of food.
Chitroopa enjoys good movies, great food and programming. She is a wizard when it comes to solving unsolved programming problems.
Marcel loves nachos, pizza and Hot Yoga. He also enjoys the city of Seattle. And when he has some extra time, he loves playing Jazz with his guitar. Marcel also loves JavaScript, but at this moment JavaScript hates Marcel... it is a matter of time for JavaScript to fall in love with Marcel too.


I am a Software Engineer living and working in Edinburgh. With over 13 years industry experience in both agency and product environments, I am passionate about both the products I create and the way in which I develop them. I aim to deliver innovative solutions that support the needs of today while considering future requirements.
I have experience working with both greenfield and legacy business critical systems, taking into account factors such as maintainability, scalability and extensibility. I specialise in delivering highly scalable and maintainable modern web applications.


ArcPy: ArcPy is a Python side package that provides the user with the ability to write scripts, which use the geoprocessing functions within ArcGIS Pro. More info about what ArcPy is.
Borehole: Usually a polyline, consisting of multiple ArcGIS Points.
CRS: Coordinate reference system the x- and y-coordinates of points refer to.
Feature (ArcGIS): A geological feature such as a Point, Polyline, Polygon or Multipatch. Stored in Feature Classes.
Feature Class: An ArcGIS class that contains features from one and only one geometry (Point, Multipoint, Polyline, Polygon, Multipolygon, Multipatch). More info on Feature Class basics.
Feature Dataset: A set of thematically related feature classes. More info on how to create Datasets.
GOCAD: A modelling software for seismic, geological and reservoir data. More info on the GOCAD software.
Multipatch (ArcGIS): A three-dimensional volume body usually displaying a Stratum. A Multipatch can be used for volumetric calculations, but, even though it is a volume body, it is displayed as an empty geometry. Hence it can not be used for geological cross-sections. More info on the creation of ArcPy Multipatches.
Point (ArcGIS): A two-dimensional vertex described by its x- and y-coordinate referring to a geospatial coordinate reference system (CRS) respectively a three-dimensional vertex with an additional z-coordinate. More info on the ArcPy Point.
Polygon (ArcGIS): A geometric shape consisting of at least three ArcGIS Points (vertices). With ArcPy, only triangles can be built consistently. More info on the ArcPy Polygon.
Python (in ArcGIS Pro): Python is the programming language of choice for ArcGIS since 9.0. It has been accepted as the scripting language for geoprocessing users. Scripts for ArcGIS Pro are written in Python 3. More info on Python in ArcGIS Pro.
RAG: Ruhrkohle AG. RAG Homepage
Script (ArcGIS): Besides the ability to write Python code in the "Python" window of ArcGIS Pro, you can also create ArcPy scripts, which can be used to sequence geoprocessing tools into a reusable tool. More info on how to create scripts.
Soil type: Attribute with an ID, a name and preferably a color (e.g., clay, sand, silt, etc.).
Stratigraphic surface: A surface representing the upper or lower horizon of a stratum (e.g., a layer of soil). Usually made up of ArcGIS polygons.
Stratum: Represents a volume body of soil. Described by an upper and lower horizon and the type of soil.
Surface: Usually consists of connected triangles. Can also be a Multipatch.
TIN: Triangular Irregular Network. More info on TIN surfaces.
Voxel: A voxel represents a value on a regular three-dimensional grid. Best described as an "3D pixel". Wikipedia definition (voxel)
VTK: A format from the "Visualisation Toolkit" (VTK) software. Aims to be used as an universal format for data interoperability here. More info on the VTK format.


Factorial of a Number
By: Nestin Gregorios Sunny
This algorithm to find factorial of a number
Start
Declare variables i, f=1, and n
Read value for n
Initialize f =1
Repeat steps 6 to 7 until i
i=1+1
f=f*i
Display the value of f
Stop


title: Intermediate Machine Learning with scikit-learn: Cross validation, Parameter Tuning, Pandas Interoperability, and Missing Values use_katex: True class: title-slide # Intermediate Machine Learning with scikit-learn ## Cross validation, Parameter Tuning, Pandas Interoperability, and Missing Values ![](images/scikit-learn-logo-notext.png) .larger[Thomas J. Fan]
@thomasjpfan
This workshop on Github: github.com/thomasjpfan/ml-workshop-intermediate-1-of-2
--- name: table-of-contents class: title-slide, left # Table of Contents .g[ .g-6[ 1. [Cross Validation](#validation) 1. [Parameter Tuning](#parameter-tuning) 1. [Missing Values](#missing-values) 1. [Pandas Interoperability](#pandas) ] .g-6.g-center[ ![](images/scikit-learn-logo-notext.png) ] ] --- # Scikit-learn API .center[ ## `estimator.fit(X, [y])` ] .g[ .g-6[ ## `estimator.predict` - Classification - Regression - Clustering ] .g-6[ ## `estimator.transform` - Preprocessing - Dimensionality reduction - Feature selection - Feature extraction ] ] --- # Data Representation ![:scale 80%](images/data-representation.svg) --- # Supervised ML Workflow ![](images/ml-workflow-sklearn.svg) --- class: chapter-slide # Notebook 📒! ## notebooks/00-review-sklearn.ipynb --- name: validation class: chapter-slide # 1. Cross Validation .footnote-back[ [Back to Table of Contents](#table-of-contents) ] --- # Single train test split ![:scale 70%](images/train-test.svg) --- # Three Fold Split ![:scale 75%](images/split-data-three.svg) --- # Why cross validate? ![:scale 80%](notebooks/images/overfitting_validation_set_1.svg) --- # Why cross validate? ![:scale 80%](notebooks/images/overfitting_validation_set_2.svg) --- # Can we do better? ![:scale 80%](images/grid_search_cross_validation.png) --- class: chapter-slide # Notebook 📓! ## notebooks/01-cross-validation.ipynb --- class: chapter-slide # Cross Validation Strategies --- ![:scale 90%](images/kfold_cv.png) --- ![:scale 90%](images/stratified_cv.png) --- ![:scale 90%](images/shuffle_split_cv.png) --- ![:scale 90%](images/repeated_stratified_kfold.png) --- # Strategies for increasing the number of folds - High variance, takes a long time ```py from sklearn.model_selection import LeaveOneOut ``` - `ShuffleSplit` with stratification ```py from sklearn.model_selection import StratifiedShuffleSplit ``` - `RepeatKFold` or `StratifiedKFold` ```py from sklearn.model_selection import RepeatedKFold from sklearn.model_selection import RepeatedStratifiedKFold ``` --- # Cross-validation with non-idd data ## Grouped data - Assume data is not iid such as patient ID or user id - We want to generalized to a new patient ## Time Series - Data is correlated --- ![:scale 90%](images/group_kfold.png) --- ![:scale 90%](notebooks/images/approval_ratings.png) --- ![:scale 90%](notebooks/images/approval_ratings_random.png) --- ![:scale 90%](notebooks/images/approval_ratings_structured.png) --- ![:scale 90%](images/time_series_cv.png) --- ![:scale 90%](images/time_series_walk_forward_cv.png) --- class: chapter-slide # Notebook 📓! ## notebooks/01-cross-validation.ipynb --- name: parameter-tuning class: chapter-slide # 2. Parameter Tuning .footnote-back[ [Back to Table of Contents](#table-of-contents) ] --- class: center # What Tune Parameters? ![:scale 50%](notebooks/images/knn_boundary_n_neighbors.png) --- # Score vs n_neighbors ![:scale 80%](notebooks/images/knn_model_complexity.png) --- # Parameter Tuning Workflow ![:scale 80%](images/gridsearch_workflow.png) --- # GridSearchCV ```py from sklearn.model_selection import GridSearchCV param_grid = {'n_neighbors': np.arange(1, 30, 2)} grid = GridSearchCV(KNeighborsClassifier(), param_grid=param_grid, return_train_score=True) grid.fit(X_train, y_train) ``` Best score ```py grid.best_score_ ``` Best parameters ```py grid.best_params_ ``` --- # Random Search ![](images/bergstra_random.jpeg) --- # RandomizedSearchCV with scikit-learn ```py from scipy.stats import randint param_dist = { "max_depth": randint(3, 9), "max_features": randint(1, 11) } random_search = RandomizedSearchCV( clf, param_distributions=param_dist, n_iter=20 ) ``` - Values in `param_distributions` can be a list or an object from the `scipy.stats` module --- # Successive Halving ```python from sklearn.experimental import enable_halving_search_cv # noqa from sklearn.model_selection import HalvingRandomSearchCV from sklearn.model_selection import HalvingGridSearchCV ``` ??? The search strategy starts evaluating all the candidates with a small amount of resources and iteratively selects the best candidates, using more and more resources. --- class: center ![:scale 90%](notebooks/images/halvingcv.svg) --- class: chapter-slide # Notebook 📓! ## notebooks/02-parameter-tuning.ipynb --- name: missing-values class: chapter-slide # 3. Missing Values .footnote-back[ [Back to Table of Contents](#table-of-contents) ] --- # Imputers in scikit-learn ## Impute module ```py from sklearn.impute import SimpleImputer from sklearn.impute import KNNImputer # `add_indicator=True` to add missing indicator imputer = SimpleImputer(add_indicator=True) from sklearn.experimental import enable_iterative_imputer from sklearn.impute import IterativeImputer ``` --- # Comparing the Different methods ![:scale 100%](images/med_knn_rf_comparison.png) --- # Estimators with native support ## Histogram-based Gradient Boosting Regression Trees - Based on LightGBM implementation - Have native support for missing values ```py from sklearn.experimental import enable_hist_gradient_boosting from sklearn.ensemble import HistGradientBoostingClassifier from sklearn.ensemble import HistGradientBoostingRegressor ``` --- class: chapter-slide # Notebook 📔! ## notebooks/03-missing-values.ipynb --- name: pandas class: chapter-slide # 4. Pandas Interoperability .footnote-back[ [Back to Table of Contents](#table-of-contents) ] --- # Categorical Data ## Examples of categories: - `['Manhattan', 'Queens', 'Brooklyn', 'Bronx']` - `['dog', 'cat', 'mouse']` ## Scikit-learn Encoders `OrdinalEncoder`: Encodes categories into an integer ```py from sklearn.preprocessing import OrdinalEncoder ``` `OneHotEncoder`: Encodes categories into an integer ```py from sklearn.preprocessing import OneHotEncoder ``` --- # Heterogenous data ## Example: Titanic Dataset
pclass
sex
age
sibsp
parch
fare
embarked
body
0
1.0
female
29.0000
0.0
0.0
211.3375
S
NaN
1
1.0
male
0.9167
1.0
2.0
151.5500
S
NaN
2
1.0
female
2.0000
1.0
2.0
151.5500
S
NaN
3
1.0
male
30.0000
1.0
2.0
151.5500
S
135.0
4
1.0
female
25.0000
1.0
2.0
151.5500
S
NaN
--- # scikit-learn's ColumnTransformer ![:scale 100%](images/column_transformer_schematic.png) --- class: chapter-slide # Notebook 📔! ## notebooks/04-pandas-interoperability.ipynb --- class: title-slide, left # Closing .g.g-middle[ .g-7[ ![:scale 30%](images/scikit-learn-logo-notext.png) 1. [Cross Validation](#validation) 1. [Parameter Tuning](#parameter-tuning) 1. [Missing Values](#missing-values) 1. [Pandas Interoperability](#pandas) ] .g-5.center[
.larger[Thomas J. Fan]
@thomasjpfan
This workshop on Github: github.com/thomasjpfan/ml-workshop-intermediate-1-of-2
] ]


From 10 cents to US$1.3 million, first Marvel comic sets auction record
WASHINGTON: The first comic book produced by Marvel, the famed US publisher behind Spider-Man, X-Men and The Avengers, went under the hammer Thursday (Nov 21), fetching a record US$1.26 million, Heritage Auctions said.
"This is a historic copy of a historic comic book," Ed Jaster, auction house senior vice president, said of the book, which was published in 1939 by Timely Comics, which later became Marvel.
"Without question, this is the granddaddy of all Marvel Comics, without which we would not have the characters and stories we enjoy in today's comics and feature films," Jaster added.
Under the direction of screenwriter Stan Lee, Marvel in the 1960s created superheroes which have become iconic today and whose cinema adaptations have conquered box offices worldwide.
The first copy of "Marvel Comics" was sold in very good condition and well above the price of 10 cents it fetched back in 1939.
"Amazing Fantasy #15," in which Spider-Man first appears, slipped to second-highest Marvel comic ever auctioned, having sold for US$1.1 million in 2011.
The most expensive comic book in history remains the first issue of "Action Comics" published in 1938 in which Superman makes his debut. It sold for US$3.2 million in 2014.


Your perfect eggs Benedict recipe for the weekend
by Neven MaguireThis brunch recipe from chef Neven Maguire is a lighter take on classic eggs Benedict.
"This is my version of eggs Benedict, which is a poached egg served on a split muffin with crispy bacon and a warm butter sauce, which is much lighter than hollandaise. It’s also fantastic served with smoked salmon, which is known as eggs royale, or slices of hand-carved cooked ham."
- Neven Maguire.
Read more: How to make a proper full Irish breakfast
Yield: Serves 4 Total Time: Less than an hour
Ingredients
- 1 tablespoon white wine vinegar
- 8 eggs
- 16 smoked streaky bacon rashers, rinds removed
- 4 English breakfast muffins, split in half
- 25g (1oz) unsalted butter, softened
- Fresh chervil sprigs, to garnish
For the butter sauce:
- 100ml (3 ½fl oz) cream
- 1 teaspoon Dijon mustard
- 25g (1oz) butter, softened
- 1 teaspoon cornflour, sifted
- A squeeze of lemon juice
- 1 teaspoon snipped fresh chives
- Sea salt and freshly ground black pepper
Read more: Baked eggs with smoked bacon and cheddar cheese recipe
Method
- Heat a large pan with 2.25 liters (4 pints) water. Add the white wine vinegar and bring to the boil. Break each egg into the water where it’s bubbling, then reduce the heat and simmer gently for 3 minutes, until the eggs are just cooked through but the yolks are still soft. Remove with a slotted spoon and plunge into a bowl of iced water.
- Preheat the grill, then grill the bacon until it’s crispy and golden, turning regularly. Toast the muffins, cut side up, and spread with the butter.
- Meanwhile, to make the butter sauce, place the cream and mustard in a small pan and simmer for 1 minute. Whisk in the butter, cornflour and lemon juice, then continue to whisk for 2–3 minutes, until thickened. Stir in the chives and season to taste. Keep warm.
- Bring a large pan of salted water to the boil, then reduce to a simmer. Add the poached eggs and cook for 1 minute to warm through.
- To serve, place 2 muffin halves on each warmed serving plate and put 2 slices of bacon on top of each one. Using a slotted spoon, remove the poached eggs from the pan and drain briefly on kitchen paper. Place an egg on the bacon and spoon over the butter sauce. Garnish with the chervil sprigs.
Read more: A Mammy’s recipe for real Irish egg salad sandwiches


Manchester City's title quest continued its relentless pace with a 2-0 win at Leicester City that extended their record for the best start to a Premier League season.
With a trip to Huddersfield Town next up, on Sunday, we look at what other Premier League records are in danger from Pep Guardiola’s team over the next month or so.
The win over Leicester was Man City’s 10th in a row in the league. They are three off the record of 13 consecutive wins in the same campaign, held jointly by Arsenal (2001/02) and Chelsea (2016/17).
They would equal the record by beating Huddersfield (A), Southampton (H) and West Ham United (H).
If Man City do win their next three matches, a Manchester derby at Old Trafford will afford them the chance to beat the mark above and equal Arsenal’s overall record of 14 consecutive league victories, achieved between February and August 2002.
Three points at Old Trafford would then mean that beating Swansea City at Liberty Stadium on 13 December would set a new mark of 15.
The victory at King Power Stadium was Man City’s seventh in a row on the road, having won all six of this campaign after a 5-0 win at Watford on the final day of last season.
If they claim victories at John Smith’s Stadium, Old Trafford and Liberty Stadium, three points at Newcastle United on 27 December would equal the 11 consecutive away wins set by Chelsea between April and December 2008. It would also set them up for beating the record at Crystal Palace four days later.
The mark of 30 wins in a season, which champions Chelsea set last term, is attainable, as are several other more longer term marks held by the Blues.
Having been held by Everton at home in Matchweek 2, City need to win all their remaining matches at Etihad Stadium to equal the record of 18 home wins in a season. That is held jointly by Chelsea (2005/06), Manchester United (2010/11) and Man City themselves in (2011/12).
The record for the most away wins in a season is 15, set by Jose Mourinho’s Chelsea in 2004/05.
If Man City's form of 12 matches was extended through to the season’s end, Chelsea’s records for most goals and points in a season would fall too.
Carlo Ancelotti’s team scored 103 goals in 2009/10 but Man City’s 40 goals after 12 matches puts them on course for more than 126.
Mourinho’s 2004/05 vintage racked up a record 95 points on their way to the title but City’s 34 would, extrapolated over a season, total more than 107.
But a busy set of fixtures over the next few weeks are set to test City, starting with the trip to a Huddersfield side who have already shocked one Manchester club this season. The Terriers ended United’s unbeaten start to the season with a 2-1 win in Matchweek 9 last month.
A Manchester double would be all the more stunning for David Wagner’s team and preserve a few records held dear by fans in London.


Let's make ratting bots worthless, by camping systems that are likely to be inhabited by bots.
Based on the ideas of u/rich000 and evebotdetector this app provides recommendations in which systems you can camp or hunt, and let you compete with other contributors. Place an alt somewhere, let us track your location and get space fame points! Don't worry: You can disable the tracking or remove all of your data at any time.
With the data that you collect we will eventually be able to directly report bots to CCP.
Thank you for your help in making New Eden a better place!
Did you know that camping could get your alt on whitelists of botters? Far easier than infiltrating alliances!
Don't care? Scroll down and put the recommendations to use.
Tracking: {{status}} (you're in friendly space) disabled ({{system.name}}, rating: {{system.score}})
You are the {{rankInSystem}}. in system. 1 && rankInSystem <= 4">You're getting {{30*(rankInSystem-1)}}% less points. 4">You're not getting any points here, please choose another system!
You have been preventing the botting menace for {{totalMinutes}} minutes= 60">a total of {{totalMinutes / 60 | number:'1.0-1'}} hours.
Please help us tracking down bots by pasting characters in local into this box. We will then evaluate their zkill history. Please also let us know if local is empty in a system you've been camping for a while. 100 points every hour for local scans.
Your score: {{myScore}}
| Character | Score |
|---|---|
| {{character.name}} | {{character.score}} |
This list does not try to prove systems with bots, but provides candidates for you to camp and provide further information. The rating is produced by running the NPC kills through a score algorithm. The higher the score, the higher the probability of bots. This list will contain false positives.
Got feedback or ideas for improvement, how can we help blackops groups? Let us know by joining the discussion on the official forums.
| System | Region | Rating | Active Characters |
|---|---|---|---|
| {{entry.systemName}} | {{entry.regionName}} | {{entry.score}} | 0">{{entry.activeCount}}none |


I'm a fabulous web developer that makes high-converting landing pages for online entrepreneurs. When I'm not coding websites, I love spending time with my Pomeranian Carmen and complete crossword puzzles.
I'm a fabulous web developer that makes high-converting landing pages for online entrepreneurs. When I'm not coding websites, I love spending time with my Pomeranian Carmen and complete crossword puzzles.


@remarks Queues are useful for storing messages in the order they were received for sequential processing. This class implements a queue as a circular array. Values stored in a Queue are inserted at one end and removed from the other.
The capacity of a Queue is the number of elements the Queue can hold. As elements are added to a Queue, the capacity is automatically increased as required through reallocation. The capacity can be decreased by calling TrimToSize.
@examples The following example shows how to create and add values to a Queue and how to print out its values.Public Sub Main() ' Creates and initializesa new Queue. Dim MyQ As New Queue MyQ.Enqueue "Hello" MyQ.Enqueue "World" MyQ.Enqueue "!" ' Displays the properties and values of the Queue. Debug.Print "MyQ" Debug.Print " Count: " & MyQ.Count Debug.Print " Values:"; PrintValues MyQ End Sub Private Sub PrintValues(ByVal MyCollection As IEnumerable) Dim Item As Variant For Each Item In MyCollection Debug.Print " " & Item; Next Debug.Print End Sub ' The example code produces the following output. ' ' MyQ ' Count: 3 ' Values: Hello World !


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CompactStar SDK 1.08
|
Data Fields | |
| char | m_ID [16] |
| unsigned | m_Version |
| unsigned | m_FileSize |
| unsigned | m_Flags |
| unsigned | m_TextCount |
| unsigned | m_TextOffset |
| unsigned | m_MeshCount |
| unsigned | m_MeshOffset |
| unsigned | m_VertexArrayCount |
| unsigned | m_VertexCount |
| unsigned | m_VertexArrayOffset |
| unsigned | m_TriangleCount |
| unsigned | m_TriangleOffset |
| unsigned | m_AdjacencyOffset |
| unsigned | m_JointCount |
| unsigned | m_JointOffset |
| unsigned | m_PoseCount |
| unsigned | m_PoseOffset |
| unsigned | m_AnimCount |
| unsigned | m_AnimOffset |
| unsigned | m_FrameCount |
| unsigned | m_FrameChannelCount |
| unsigned | m_FrameOffset |
| unsigned | m_BoundsOffset |
| unsigned | m_CommentCount |
| unsigned | m_CommentOffset |
| unsigned | m_ExtensionCount |
| unsigned | m_ExtensionOffset |
Inter-Quake Model (.iqm) header
| unsigned m_AdjacencyOffset |
| unsigned m_AnimCount |
| unsigned m_AnimOffset |
| unsigned m_BoundsOffset |
| unsigned m_CommentCount |
| unsigned m_CommentOffset |
| unsigned m_ExtensionCount |
| unsigned m_ExtensionOffset |
| unsigned m_FileSize |
| unsigned m_Flags |
| unsigned m_FrameChannelCount |
| unsigned m_FrameCount |
| unsigned m_FrameOffset |
| char m_ID[16] |
| unsigned m_JointCount |
| unsigned m_JointOffset |
| unsigned m_MeshCount |
| unsigned m_MeshOffset |
| unsigned m_PoseCount |
| unsigned m_PoseOffset |
| unsigned m_TextCount |
| unsigned m_TextOffset |
| unsigned m_TriangleCount |
| unsigned m_TriangleOffset |
| unsigned m_Version |
| unsigned m_VertexArrayCount |
| unsigned m_VertexArrayOffset |
| unsigned m_VertexCount |


Inheritance
System.Object
SIPHeader
Inherited Members
System.Object.Equals(System.Object)
System.Object.Equals(System.Object, System.Object)
System.Object.GetHashCode()
System.Object.GetType()
System.Object.MemberwiseClone()
System.Object.ReferenceEquals(System.Object, System.Object)
Assembly: SIPSorcery.dll
Constructors
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Declaration
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Declaration
public SIPHeader(SIPContactHeader contact, SIPFromHeader from, SIPToHeader to, int cseq, string callId)
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Declaration
public SIPHeader(SIPFromHeader from, SIPToHeader to, int cseq, string callId)
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Declaration
public SIPHeader(List<SIPContactHeader> contactList, SIPFromHeader from, SIPToHeader to, int cseq, string callId)
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Declaration
public SIPHeader(string fromHeader, string toHeader, int cseq, string callId)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.String |
fromHeader |
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| System.String |
toHeader |
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| System.Int32 |
cseq |
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| System.String |
callId |
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Declaration
public SIPHeader(string fromHeader, string toHeader, string contactHeader, int cseq, string callId)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.String |
fromHeader |
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| System.String |
toHeader |
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| System.String |
contactHeader |
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| System.Int32 |
cseq |
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| System.String |
callId |
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Fields
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Field Value
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Description |
| System.String |
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public string AcceptEncoding
Field Value
| Type |
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| System.String |
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public string AcceptLanguage
Field Value
| Type |
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| System.String |
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| System.String |
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| System.String |
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Declaration
public string AllowEvents
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.String |
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Declaration
public SIPAuthenticationHeader AuthenticationHeader
Field Value
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Declaration
public string AuthenticationInfo
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.String |
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| System.String |
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| System.String |
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Declaration
public List<SIPContactHeader> Contact
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public string ContentDisposition
Field Value
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| System.String |
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public string ContentEncoding
Field Value
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| System.String |
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public string ContentLanguage
Field Value
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| System.String |
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| System.Int32 |
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public string ContentType
Field Value
| Type |
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| System.String |
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Declaration
public string CRMCompanyName
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.String |
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public string CRMPersonName
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.String |
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Declaration
public string CRMPictureURL
Field Value
| Type |
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| System.String |
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Declaration
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.Int32 |
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Declaration
public SIPMethodsEnum CSeqMethod
Field Value
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Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.String |
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Declaration
public const int DEFAULT_CSEQ = 100
Field Value
| Type |
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| System.Int32 |
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Field Value
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| System.String |
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| System.String |
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| System.String |
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| System.Int32 |
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Declaration
public SIPFromHeader From
Field Value
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Declaration
Field Value
| Type |
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| System.String |
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Declaration
Field Value
| Type |
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| System.Int32 |
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Declaration
public string MIMEVersion
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.String |
|
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Declaration
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.Int32 |
|
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Declaration
public string Organization
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.String |
|
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Declaration
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.String |
|
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Declaration
public string ProxyReceivedFrom
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.String |
|
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Declaration
public string ProxyReceivedOn
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.String |
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Declaration
public string ProxyRequire
Field Value
| Type |
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| System.String |
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Declaration
public string ProxySendFrom
Field Value
| Type |
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| System.String |
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Declaration
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.Int32 |
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Declaration
public SIPMethodsEnum RAckCSeqMethod
Field Value
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Declaration
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.Int32 |
|
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Declaration
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.String |
|
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Declaration
public SIPRouteSet RecordRoutes
Field Value
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Declaration
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.String |
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Declaration
Field Value
| Type |
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| System.String |
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Declaration
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| Type |
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| System.String |
|
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Declaration
Field Value
| Type |
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| System.String |
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Declaration
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.String |
|
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Declaration
public List<SIPExtensions> RequiredExtensions
Field Value
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Declaration
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.String |
|
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Declaration
public SIPRouteSet Routes
Field Value
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Declaration
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.Int32 |
|
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Declaration
Field Value
| Type |
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| System.String |
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Declaration
Field Value
| Type |
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| System.String |
|
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Declaration
public string SubscriptionState
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.String |
|
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Declaration
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.String |
|
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Declaration
public List<SIPExtensions> SupportedExtensions
Field Value
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Declaration
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.String |
|
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Declaration
Field Value
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Declaration
public List<string> UnknownHeaders
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.Collections.Generic.List<System.String> |
|
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Declaration
public string UnknownRequireExtension
Field Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.String |
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Declaration
public string Unsupported
Field Value
| Type |
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| System.String |
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Declaration
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| Type |
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| System.String |
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Declaration
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| Type |
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| System.String |
|
Methods
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Declaration
public string GetUnknownHeaderValue(string unknownHeaderName)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.String |
unknownHeaderName |
|
Returns
| Type |
Description |
| System.String |
|
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Declaration
public static SIPHeader ParseSIPHeaders(string[] headersCollection)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.String[] |
headersCollection |
|
Returns
|
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Declaration
public void SetDateHeader()
|
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Declaration
public static string[] SplitHeaders(string message)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.String |
message |
|
Returns
| Type |
Description |
| System.String[] |
|
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Puts the SIP headers together into a string ready for transmission.
Declaration
Returns
| Type |
Description |
| System.String |
String representing the SIP headers.
|


{% extends "sculpture/base.html" %} {% block title %} Registration Complete {% endblock %} {% block breadcrumb %}
Your new account has been registered. An email has been sent to your email address with instructions on how to activate it. You must activate the account before you can log in.
If you have trouble receiving this email, please contact us.


abstract fun onFailure(error: Throwable): Unit
Signals an error occurred during data exchanging process
error - Error description
error


yppoll
Section: Maintenance Commands (8)Updated: May 1998
Index Return to Main Contents
NAME
yppoll - return version and master server of a NIS mapSYNOPSYS
yppoll [ -h host ] [ -d domain ] mapnameDESCRIPTION
yppollOPTIONS
- -h host
- Ask the NIS server process running on host for information about mapname. If host is not specified, the server polled is the default server returned by ypwhich(1).
- -d domain
- Specify a domain other than the default domain as returned by domainname(1).
SEE ALSO
domainname(8), ypbind(8), ypcat(8), ypmatch(1), ypserv(8), yset(8), ypwhich(1)AUTHOR
yppoll is part of the yp-tools package, which was written by Thorsten Kukuk<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Index
This document was created by man2html, using the manual pages.
Time: 05:34:31 GMT, December 24, 2015


This document discusses system administration for the Google Earth Enterprise (GEE) system. This includes hardware and network preparation steps, as well as installation, configuration, and maintenance for all system components:
This guide is intended for individuals who are responsible for installing, configuring, and maintaining any part or all of the Google Earth Enterprise (GEE) system.
This guide includes the following chapters:


{% from 'tag_cloud.html' import tagCloud %} {% from 'footer.html' import footer %} {% extends "layout.html" %} {% block content %}
This video explains you how to install VirtualBox and Parrot OS onto your device. In future videos I will be using Parrot OS to perform hacktivities, you can use any hacking OS [ either Parrot or Kali ] you want. Hence, if you are a Kali user, don't bother yourself downloading a fresh image of Parrot OS, the stuffs will work in Kali as well
This video explains you how to configure your virtual box to create a virtual NAT network in which we will be connecting our parrot OS. We are also gonna install Guest Additions in PARROT OS to resolve some common problems.
Metasploitable is a vulnerable Linux Server created to be hacked. Hence we can practice some common exploits on this server to understand how hacking really works in the real world and how to prevent them.
This video explains you how to add the vulnerable machine METASPLOITABLE2 into the network where Parrot OS is connected. This is because, we want them to be in the same network so that we can reach out to the machine and access it.
In this video, I will tell you how a hacker, in general, devises his strategy to exploit the system. Remember that every hacker has his own ways to deal with such situations, but all of them boils down to these steps, which I will discuss in this video.
This video will cover the prerequisite for Wi-Fi hacking. What all you need to prepare beforehand to get started into hacking Wi-Fi(s). I will also explain a few concepts like packet injection and monitor mode and will also discuss about which wireless adapter to buy when it comes to Wi-Fi hacking.
Hey hackers! In this video, I am gonna show you how you can install wireless driver for Kali Linux and Parrot OS if you don't have a driver installed already. The steps are pretty simple and easy to do. So just follow along with the video, like and support the channel and help us in spreading this series to everybody. It will highly motivate us in making more contents
In this video, I will be showing how you can enable monitor mode in your TLWN722N V2 (which does not support monitor mode as claimed by the manufacturer) or other Wi-Fi adapters that supports monitor mode. There is a way in which you can override the firmware of TLWN722N V2 Wi-Fi adapter and force it to support monitor mode. And as a result, the method to enable monitor mode will be completely different from that of other generic Wi-Fi adapters that support monitor mode. Anyways I have covered both the methods to keep both sides satisfied : )
Hello hackers! In this video, I have explained how you can perform packet sniffing using the most sought after tool: Airodump-ng. The coolest part is that you don't have to connect to the Wi-Fi network at all to sniff the packets! All you need is a Wi-Fi adapter that supports monitor mode and airodump-ng. This video is a part of the Wi-Fi Hacking series playlist. If you wanna take a look at more cool stuffs like this, make sure to check it out! I will provide the link below.
Hi hackers, Every hacker should know how to spoof his MAC address to hide his identity in a Wi-Fi network. This video explains you how to spoof your MAC address and gain access to Wireless Networks that have either a Blacklist (also known as a Blocklist) or a Whitelist enabled. It is a tried and tested method and works like a charm all the time. So, get ready for an amazing experience! And watch till the end to know what's coming up in future videos :)
Hey Hackers! How you doing all? In this video we are gonna see how an attacker can kick people off their Wi-Fi network without actually connecting to their network. Despite recent 802.11 security advances, WLANs remain very vulnerable to Denial of Service attacks. All you gotta do is to put your Wireless Card into monitor mode and use Aireplay-ng to de-authenticate devices from their network. It's such a simple attack yet very effective.


See our travelogue in English: Wanderlust.lt — and it's also on Facebook. Or my old diary (2003-2012) in Finnish: ihminen.org/blogi/


Shervin Jackson
Photographer
Lilya Rozhan
Web Developer
Arasti Grahn
Graphic Designer
Mari Young
UI/UX Designer
Why Attend?
It is a great opportunity to leverage your network that can lead to jobs.
Buy Ticket
Location
Address : Cyrus St., Estoccia City, Ora Country
Tell: (+666)-123-456-78
Email: eventa@example.com


Event Chunking
Sometimes compression can reduce message size, but there are various use cases that entail large message payloads where compression may not be enough. Often these use cases are related to image, video, or audio processing: image recognition, video analytics, audio analytics, etc.
Problem
How do I handle use cases where the event payload is too large to move through the event streaming platform as a single event?
Solution
Instead of storing the entire event as a single event in the event streaming platform, break it into chunks (an approach called "chunking") so that the large event is sent across as multiple smaller events. The producer can do the chunking when writing events into the event streaming platform. Downstream clients consume the chunks and, when all the smaller chunks have been received, recombine ("unchunk") them to restore the original event.
Implementation
Use metadata to track each chunk so that they can be associated to their respective parent event:
- Association between any given chunk and its parent event
- The chunk’s position in the parent event
- The total number of chunks of the parent event
Considerations
Chunking places additional burden on client applications. First, implementing the chunking and unchunking logic requires more application development. Second, the consumer application needs to be able to cache the chunks as it waits to receive all the smaller chunks that comprise the original event. This, in turn, can have implications on memory fragmentation and longer garbage collection (GC). Mitigating this depends on the programming language: in Java, for example, the JVM heap size and GC can be tuned.
Client applications that are not aware of the protocol used for chunking events may not be able to reconstruct the original event accurately.
References
- To handle large events, an alternative approach that may be preferred is Claim Check


solo_gradient_box.Rd
This function crafts a solo_box tile displaying a red orange green color. The color is defined by the value of the target compared to the thresholds.
solo_gradient_box(value = NULL, txt = NULL, former = NULL, size = "md", icon = NULL, target = 100, thresholdHigh = 90, thresholdLow = 50, link = NULL, units = NULL, hover = NULL, hide_value = FALSE, textModifier = "h1", revert = FALSE, ...)
| value | The numeric value you want to highlight (the main enchilada) |
|---|---|
| txt | Optional subtext that should appear under the value |
| former | The last value that should be used for comparison purposes |
| size | Optional size specified in the bootstrap css classes: "xs","sm","md","lg") |
| icon | Optional glyphicon that should be displayed from http://getbootstrap.com/components/ you need only supply the name of thing you want, like "check"... not the full "gyphicon-check" |
| target | Optional target that the value should be compared against. Use with ThresholdHigh and THresholdLow |
| thresholdHigh | Optional edge between \"green\" and \"orange\" from 0-100 as a percent of target. IE, this value represents the RATIO of the VALUE to the target that, if above or equal to the ThresholdHigh will show as green, and if not, as orange. Use w/ target and ThresholdLow. |
| thresholdLow | Optional border between \"orange\" and \"red\" from 0-100 as a percent of target. IE, this value represents the RATIO of the VALUE to the target that, if above or equal to the ThresholdLow will show as orange, and if not, as red. Use w/ target and ThresholdHigh. |
| link | Optional hyperlink that should be followed on click |
| units | Optional units that should be displayed after Value |
| hover | Optional tooltip, or text that will show up when a user rests their mouse over the tile. |
| hide_value | Optionally and paradoxically hide value. Normally FALSE, change this value to TRUE in order to suppress the large number, but still take advantage of the conditional formatting. |
| textModifier | Optional css category of "large" text. In this case, the icon, value and unit. Default=h1 |
| revert | Invert type box. Green become red and red become green. |
| ... | Optional additional html elements |
# ADD EXAMPLES HERE g1 <- solo_gradient_box(value = 40) g2 <- solo_gradient_box( value = 40, target = 50, thresholdHigh = 80, thresholdLow = 60 ) g3 <- solo_gradient_box( value = 20, txt = "Test1", target = 50, thresholdHigh = 80, thresholdLow = 60, hide_value = TRUE ) g4 <- solo_gradient_box( value = 35, txt = "Test2", target = 50, thresholdHigh = 80, thresholdLow = 60, hide_value = TRUE ) finisher(title = "Item", divs = div_maker( subtitle = "subitems", textModifier = "h1", g1, g2, g3, g4 ))


Ghislain Rodrigues - Interactive website
Welcome. My name is Ghislain Rodrigues, programmer based in Berlin. I love to code, it is my job, but a hobby too.
When I code, I enjoy facing challenges, understanding algorithms, making things do stuff. I am very interested in game programming and learn through different personal projects.
This is my interactive portfolio. Once you click on the start button, you will be able to move your character around (using either your mouse, or the direction arrows on your keyboard).
Go grab my CV, my camera, or the Octocat. You can then use them from your inventory to access a PDF version of my CV, my travel pictures and my github profile.
You can also see a selection of personal projects I realised.
You will also be able to have a look at some more information about me such as my experience as a quest journal or my skills represented as the character's stats.
Please enjoy your visit and feel free to drop me a message!
Ghislain Rodrigues


...BEAUTIFUL BANGLADESH...
HOME
MEMBERS
EXPERIENCE
MAP
HOTEL
Register
Email or Phone
Password
...Let's Start Your Journey...
COX'S BAZAR
BANDARBAN
SYLHET
SITAKUNDA
RATARGUL
SAINT MARTIN
RANGAMATI
SUNDARBAN


Midnight (1934), aka Call It Murder Directed by Chester Erksine
I like to prowl through the used videos bin at our local second-hand bookstore to see if I can locate anything interesting. One film that turned up was "Call It Murder", starring Humphrey Bogart. I bought the video in order to have an example of an early Bogart role for my collection.
"Call It Murder" was originally titled "Midnight" and was produced by Universal in 1934. This was before Bogart's breakthrough performances in "The Petrified Forest" (1936), "High Sierra" and "The Maltese Falcon" (both 1941) that made him a star. During the early 1930's, Bogart often played crooks who were either hanged, shot, or fried by the end of the film. His role in "Call It Murder" was no exception.
The film looks like a programmer, those low-budget pictures made to fill the bottom half of a double feature. I found it to be an enjoyable film, and in ways a precursor to the Film Noir genre that "Maltese Falcon" helped initiate: It posesses the Film Noir elements of cynicism and irony, and its subject is the seamier side of life.
The video was transferred from a print distributed by Guaranteed Pictures. It would not suprise me to learn that Universal sold the film "Midnight" to Guaranteed, who, after Bogart became a hot item, retitled it, moved Bogart's name to top billing, and re-distributed it. I would also not be suprised to learn that the film is now in the Public Domain, and thus made its way to video, courtesy of those second-tier video plants who duplicate tapes in "High Quality EP Mode".
"Call It Murder" tells the story of the somewhat dysfunctional Wheldon family. The family members are Edward Wheldon (O.P. Heggie), his wife (Margaret Wycherly), and three grown children all still living at home. One daughter, Ada (Katherine Wilson) is married to sleazy, ne'er-do-well, unemployed sponger Joe Biggers (Lynne Overman), and the couple live at home with her parents. The younger daughter, Stella (Sidney Fox) is a free spirit who is in love with gangster Garboni (Bogart). And, there is playboy son Arthur (Richard Whorf).
Edward Wheldon serves as jury foreman in a murder case in which Ethel Saxon (Helen Flint) has been accused of killing her cheating husband. The crime may or may not have been an accident, but Wheldon is instrumental in the jury's decision to convict and condemn Ethel. District Attorney Plunkett (Moffat Johnston), who has political aspirations, regards Ethel's conviction as an important scalp to hang at his belt, and Ethel goes to the electric chair.
Wheldon would like to get the whole incident out of his mind, but as Ethel's execution date approaches the family is pestered by the Press, who want to make Ethel into some sort of martyr. Slimey son-in-law Joe sells the family out to a newspaper reporter (Henry Hull) who is doing a story on how the jury foreman reacts to the news of the execution of his sentence.
Then, as Ethel is being strapped into the Chair, daughter Stella bursts in with the news that she has just shot and killed her cheating lover, Garboni. Ambrose Bierce said there are four categories of homicide: The felonious, the excusable, the justifiable, and the praiseworthy. Where do Ethel's and Stella's crimes fit in this spectrum? Wheldon's belief in Due Process of Law is tested when the accused is close to his heart.
Despite its limited scope, "Call It Murder" manages to be interesting on a couple of levels: First, most of the action takes place in the claustrophobic Wheldon home, which is a typical, middle-class suburban home of the early 1900's. Director Chester Erskine captures the feeling of this time and place. He also employs some clever camera work: There's a shot through the hall mirror, and an interesting match cut: A shot of Ethel pacing in her cell, shot through the cell bars; cut to a shot of Edward Wheldon pacing in his home, shot through the stair rail.
Second, the film makes sophisticated and cynical comments about the American Judicial system, about trial by jury, about how one's opinions can be swayed depending on just whose ox is being gored, about the role of the media, about the strange relationship between the Judiciary and Politics, about relationships between parents and children, and about the institution of Capital Punishment. These issues are as relevant today as they were 64 years ago.
The cast turn in casual performances as if no one believed this film was going to make or break a career. Bogart's Garboni seems stiff and forced, he would need a few more films before finding his voice. Lynne Overman makes the sleazoid Joe thoroughly despicable. Overall, the acting would be described as "workmanlike".
Roger Ebert claims in a recent review that America was more sophisticated in the 1930's, and films from that era reflect this sophistication. After viewing this modest little film from 1934, I believe it. "Call It Murder" is by no means a blockbuster, but it is a tidy little drama with more substance than initially meets the eye.
Review copyright(C) 1998 David M. Arnold. --
David M. Arnold<EMAIL_ADDRESS>To reply via EMail, replace "Xexecpc" with "execpc" in the above address.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Collection
Show language dependent values in
Alert message.
| # | Label | Status | Start of publication | End of publication | last modified | created | Actions |
|---|
Alert message.
| # | Label | Identifiers | last modified | created | Actions |
|---|


Our Favorite Places
Matt's Favorite Places
Hawaii
Asia - Thailand
Home
Victor's Favorite Places
Buenos Aires
Paris
San Francisco


Blog Posts
2023
- Continuous Integration and Deployment: A Developer's Best Friends
- Would you go for mobile development again, after 10 years of doing it?
2022
2021
- Android service binding fix for API 30
- Command Pattern in Kotlin
- Remote Logger
- Mediator in Kotlin
- Decorator Pattern in Kotlin
- Adapter Pattern in Kotlin
- IntelliJ IDEA as a LaTeX editor
- Facade Pattern in Kotlin
- Strategy Pattern in Kotlin
- Kotlin Template Method
- Kotlin Abstract Factory
- Kotlin Factory Method
- Kotlin Static Factory Methods
- Kotlin Builder Pattern
2020
2019
2018
- Android build hacks #3 - documentation with Dokka
- Android Build Hacks #2 - build time optimization
- Android Build Hacks #1 - build basics
- Hacking Android app with Frida
- Nyan your terminal
- Android local libraries with Maven


RethinkDB
The database for the Realtime Web
Gordon Dent / workshape.io / @gordyMD
Overview
The realtime web today
Examples
Tools
It is quite a big deal!
The realtime web tomorrow
It is going to be
HUGE!
Common approaches without RethinkDB
Short Polling
Long Polling
Web Sockets + Replication Log
Using Realtime Sync APIs
There are many pitfalls
(with non-RethinkDB approaches)
- Limited
- Hacky
- Hard to scale
- Error prone
Enter RethinkDB...
Using the .changes() API
Code Snippet
r.table('characters')
.orderBy({index: r.desc('maxStrength')})
.limit(10)
.changes()
.run(conn, function(err, cursor) {
cursor.each(function(err, changes) {
io.emit('update-leaderboard', changes);
});
});
Demo
Thank you


Make sure that all the column names are specific and are same as the sample input format
All the lab hours by default are paritioned as 2 slots together in one session
Any manual fixxing befroe generating the timetable can be done in fixing slots setion


Show Arrows
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|
check_for_grantmaking_activity_990()
|
Check for grant-making activity from 990 forms |
|
clean_program_desc()
|
Clean the descriptions of the programs run by a particular organization |
|
example_function_for_single_org()
|
Get various information about an organization |
|
extract_financial_info()
|
Extract financial information from 990 forms |
|
filter_null_grant_info()
|
Filter null grant information |
|
get_990()
|
Get the XML root element associated with a particular Employment Identification Numbers |
|
get_all_financial_data()
|
Get all financial fields for a given org |
|
get_aws_url()
|
Get the Amazon Web Server URL associated with a particular Employment Identification Numbers |
|
get_filing_type_990()
|
Get 990 filing type |
|
get_financial_details_990()
|
Get financial details from 990 forms |
|
get_financial_details_990ez()
|
Get financial details from 990 EZ forms |
|
get_foundation_ein()
|
Get Employer Identification Numbers (EINs) associated with foundations |
|
get_grantmaking_details_990()
|
Get grant-making details from 990 forms |
|
get_organization_name_990()
|
Get the name of the organization associated with a particular Employment Identification Numbers |
|
get_scheduleO()
|
Get concrete information from Schedule O |
|
get_scheduleR()
|
Get concrete information from Schedule R |
|
get_single_value_990()
|
Get concrete information from 990 forms |
|
get_value_990()
|
Get concrete information from 990 forms |
|
ifnotNA()
|
Simplify ifelse process |
|
import_idx()
|
Import machine-readable data from 990 forms filed with the IRS |
|
irs_fields
|
Data fields available from IRS 990 forms |
|
standardize_990_flag()
|
Standardize 990 flag |
|
standardize_url()
|
Standardize the website URL of an organization |


Summery: Latitude vs. X
The purpose of this project was to analyse how weather changes as you get closer to equator. To accompliash this analysis, we first pulled data from the OpenWeatherMap API to assemble a dataset on over 500 cities.
After assembling the dataset, we used Matplotlib to plot various aspects of the weather vs. latitude. Factor we looked at included: Temperature (F) vs. Latitude, Humidity (%) vs. Latitude , Cloudiness (%) vs. Latitude, Wind Speed (mph) vs. Latitude. This site provides the source data and visualziations created as part of the analysis, as well as explanations and descriptions of any trends and correlations witnessed.


public class Request
extends java.lang.Object
URI
of the request destinationList
<Param
> with request parameters
(for HTTP POST and GET)| Modifier and Type | Class and Description |
|---|---|
static class |
Request.Method |
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
Request(java.net.URI uri)
Constructs new request with some internal variables.
|
Request(java.net.URI uri,
java.util.List<Param> params)
Constructs new request with some internal variables.
|
Request(java.net.URI uri,
long responseContentLength)
Constructs new request with some internal variables.
|
Request(java.net.URI uri,
long responseContentLength,
java.util.List<Param> params)
Constructs new request with all internal variables.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
protected boolean |
canComposeParams()
Checks if params list could be composed in a single URI for sending via HTTP GET.
|
protected java.lang.String |
getComposedParams()
Composes params list string witch could be appended to the request URI for HTTP GET usage.
|
java.net.URI |
getComposedURI()
Composes params list string and appends it to the request URI for HTTP GET usage.
|
java.net.URL |
getComposedURL()
Same as
getComposedURI() but already transformed into URL . |
Request.Method |
getMethod() |
Request.Method |
getRecommendedMethod()
Looks through request params list and returns desired method for sending them.
|
java.util.List<Param> |
getRequestParams() |
long |
getResponseContentLength() |
java.net.URI |
getURI() |
java.net.URL |
getURL() |
void |
setMethod(Request.Method method)
Manually sets the HTTP method for sending request.
|
void |
setRequestParams(java.util.List<Param> params)
Sets HTTP parameters for this request.
|
void |
setResponseContentLength(long responseContentLength) |
java.lang.String |
toString() |
public Request(java.net.URI uri)
uri
- request destinationgetComposedURI()
,
getRecommendedMethod()
,
Request(java.net.URI, long, java.util.List)
public Request(java.net.URI uri, long responseContentLength)
uri
- request destinationresponseContentLength
- response "content-length" header value, file size, etc.getComposedURI()
,
getRecommendedMethod()
,
Request(java.net.URI, long, java.util.List)
public Request(java.net.URI uri, java.util.List<Param> params)
uri
- request destinationparams
- list of HTTP parameters to send with requestgetComposedURI()
,
getRecommendedMethod()
,
Request(java.net.URI, long, java.util.List)
public Request(java.net.URI uri, long responseContentLength, java.util.List<Param> params)
uri
- request destinationresponseContentLength
- response "content-length" header value, file size, etc.params
- list of HTTP parameters to send with requestgetComposedURI()
,
getRecommendedMethod()
public void setResponseContentLength(long responseContentLength)
public long getResponseContentLength()
public void setRequestParams(java.util.List<Param> params)
getRecommendedMethod()
public java.util.List<Param> getRequestParams()
public void setMethod(Request.Method method) throws java.lang.IllegalStateException
Request
automatically determines optimal method when setting params
list.method
- desired Request.Method
for sending HTTP requestjava.lang.IllegalStateException
- if parameters, specified previously, couldn't be sent
by passed into setMethod
methodgetRecommendedMethod()
,
setRequestParams(java.util.List)
public Request.Method getMethod()
protected boolean canComposeParams()
protected java.lang.String getComposedParams()
public java.net.URI getComposedURI()
URI
instance.URI
(initial one
with appended params), else returns copy of the initial URI
as a
new instance (params the should be send using HTTP POST)public java.net.URL getComposedURL() throws java.net.URISyntaxException, java.net.MalformedURLException
getComposedURI()
but already transformed into URL
.java.net.URISyntaxException
java.net.MalformedURLException
public Request.Method getRecommendedMethod()
Request.Method.GET
will
be returned.
StringParam
sURI
and all params is not longer
the 255 chars - limitation of URI standards and HTTP protocol itselfRequest
constructors,
setMethod(ru.jango.j0loader.Request.Method)
and
setRequestParams(java.util.List)
.public java.net.URI getURI()
public java.net.URL getURL() throws java.net.URISyntaxException, java.net.MalformedURLException
java.net.URISyntaxException
java.net.MalformedURLException
public java.lang.String toString()
toString
in class java.lang.Object


Proof of diversity provides a mechanism for determining which version of the blockchain the mesh agreed to produce, but we also need a mechanism that the mesh can use to come to agreement on which version of the chain it will continue to extend.
Scoring Voting Vote tabulation and freezing of blocksEach block has a score based on the verifier that signed it. A lower score is better than a higher score. At each height, an incremental score is calculated relative to the block at the previous height, and the total score of a block is the sum of all incremental scores back to the frozen edge.
For a block signed by an existing verifier, the incremental score is zero plus four times the difference between the previous block's cycle length and this block's cycle length. If the verifier is not active in the mesh, five is added to the incremental score.
For a block signed by a new verifier, the incremental score is negative six plus four times the verifier's position (zero-indexed) in the new-verifier vote total list. Twelve is added to the score of a new verifier not present in this list, which is limited to a maximum size of three.
A verifier may change its vote for a block several times. Votes are timestamped to prevent replay attacks of old votes.
If a block has a score less than 0, a verifier may vote for it immediately after freezing the previous block. Otherwise, it must wait 2 seconds minimum plus 20 seconds for each point that a block has above 0. So a block with a score of 0 can be voted for after 2 seconds, while a block with a score of 4 can be for after 82 seconds.
If the leading block in a verifier's local tabulation has more than 50% of the vote, the verifier changes its vote to that block if the verifier is allowed to vote for that block based on its score. If the leading block in a verifier's local tabulation does not have more than 50% of the vote, the verifier changes its vote to that block if the verifier was allowed to vote for that block more than 10 seconds ago.
If neither of these conditions is true, the verifier votes for the block with the lowest score if it is allowed to cast a vote based on that block's score. Until such a block exists, the verifier waits to cast a vote.
In tallying votes, only votes from verifiers in the frozen edge's verification cycle are counted. A block is frozen if the votes for that block exceed three-fourths of the size of the verification cycle in two subsequent vote tabulations calculated at least 0.5 seconds apart.
At the three-fourths threshold, more than half of the cycle would have to maliciously send different votes to honest verifiers in order to cause a divergence of the chain, assuming the worst case in which the remaining honest verifiers are split evenly on which block to freeze.


Hisham's Portfolio
A picutre of Halifax's beautiful waterfront.
My name is Hisham Bajunaid. I am typing this message from Halifax Nova Scotia, where it can potentially be seen by millions around the world! :)
Click here to get a random quote from one of my favourite game series, Portal:


|
| Local Methods | ||
| Managed Object Types | Data Object Types | All Properties | All Methods |
Properties
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| None |
Methods
Requires Resource. ApplyRecommendation privilege on the storage pod. Additionally, depending on the workflow where this API is called from, it may require the privileges of invoking one of following APIs:
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| _this | ManagedObjectReference | A reference to the StorageResourceManager used to make the method call. |
| key | xsd:string[] |
The key fields of the Recommendations that are applied.
|
Return Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| ManagedObjectReference
to a Task |
Faults
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| InvalidArgument | Thrown if the specified key refers to a non-existent or an already executed recommendation. |
| RuntimeFault | Thrown if any type of runtime fault is thrown that is not covered by the other faults; for example, a communication error. |
Events
| Type | |
|---|---|
| None |
Requires Resource.ApplyRecommendation privilege on the storage pod. And requires Resource.ColdMigrate privilege on the virtual machine(s) that are relocated. Additionally requires Resource.HotMigrate privilege if the virtual machine is powered on (for Storage VMotion). Also requires Datastore.AllocateSpace on any datastore the virtual machine or its disks are relocated to.
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| _this | ManagedObjectReference | A reference to the StorageResourceManager used to make the method call. |
| pod | ManagedObjectReference
to a StoragePod |
The storage pod.
|
| key | xsd:string |
The key field of the Recommendation.
|
Return Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| ManagedObjectReference
to a Task |
Faults
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| InvalidArgument | Thrown if the specified key refers to a non-existent or an already executed recommendation. |
| RuntimeFault | Thrown if any type of runtime fault is thrown that is not covered by the other faults; for example, a communication error. |
Events
| Type | |
|---|---|
| None |
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| _this | ManagedObjectReference | A reference to the StorageResourceManager used to make the method call. |
| key | xsd:string[] |
The key field of the Recommendation.
|
Return Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| None |
Faults
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| InvalidArgument | Thrown if the specified key refers to a non-existent or an already executed recommendation. |
| RuntimeFault | Thrown if any type of runtime fault is thrown that is not covered by the other faults; for example, a communication error. |
Events
| Type | |
|---|---|
| None |
This method is only supported by vCenter server.
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| _this | ManagedObjectReference | A reference to the StorageResourceManager used to make the method call. |
| datastore P | ManagedObjectReference
to a Datastore |
The datastore to be configured.
|
| spec | StorageIORMConfigSpec |
The configuration spec.
|
Return Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| ManagedObjectReference
to a Task | This method returns a Task object with which to monitor the operation. |
Faults
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| InaccessibleDatastore | Thrown if cannot access the datastore from any of the hosts. |
| InvalidArgument | Thrown if 1. IORMConfigSpec.congestionThreshold is not within the desired range (5 to 100 milliseconds). 2. IORMConfigSpec.congestionThresholdMode is not specified and IORMConfigSpec.congestionThreshold is specified. To set congestionThreshold, congestionThresholdMode should be set to manual |
| IORMNotSupportedHostOnDatastore | Thrown if called on a datastore that is connected to a host that does not support storage I/O resource management. |
| NotSupported | Thrown if called directly on a host or if called on a datastore that does not have VMFS Volume. |
| RuntimeFault | Thrown if any type of runtime fault is thrown that is not covered by the other faults; for example, a communication error. |
Events
| Type | |
|---|---|
| None |
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| _this | ManagedObjectReference | A reference to the StorageResourceManager used to make the method call. |
| pod P | ManagedObjectReference
to a StoragePod |
The storage pod.
|
| spec | StorageDrsConfigSpec |
A set of storage Drs configuration changes to apply to the storage pod.
The specification can be a complete set of changes or a partial
set of changes, applied incrementally.
|
| modify | xsd:boolean |
Flag to specify whether the specification ("spec") should
be applied incrementally. If "modify" is false and the
operation succeeds, then the configuration of the storage pod
matches the specification exactly; in this case any unset
portions of the specification will result in unset or
default portions of the configuration.
|
Return Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| ManagedObjectReference
to a Task | This method returns a Task object with which to monitor the operation. |
Faults
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| RuntimeFault | Thrown if any type of runtime fault is thrown that is not covered by the other faults; for example, a communication error. |
Events
| Type | |
|---|---|
| None |
This is an experimental interface that is not intended for use in production code.
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| _this | ManagedObjectReference | A reference to the StorageResourceManager used to make the method call. |
| datastore | ManagedObjectReference
to a Datastore |
Datastore for which summary statistics is requested.
|
Return Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| StoragePerformanceSummary[] | Summary performance statistics for the datastore. The summary contains latency, throughput, and SIOC activity. |
Faults
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| NotFound | Thrown if input datastore cannot be found |
| RuntimeFault | Thrown if any type of runtime fault is thrown that is not covered by the other faults; for example, a communication error. |
Events
| Type | |
|---|---|
| None |
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| _this | ManagedObjectReference | A reference to the StorageResourceManager used to make the method call. |
| host | ManagedObjectReference
to a HostSystem |
[in] - The host VC will forward the query
to. This parameter is ignored by host if this method is
called on a host directly.
|
Return Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| StorageIORMConfigOption | configuration option object. |
Faults
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| RuntimeFault | Thrown if any type of runtime fault is thrown that is not covered by the other faults; for example, a communication error. |
Events
| Type | |
|---|---|
| None |
This method returns a StoragePlacementResult object. This API is intended to replace the following existing APIs for SDRS-enabled pods: CreateVm: StoragePlacementSpec::type == create = CreateVM_Task AddDisk: StoragePlacementSpec::type == reconfigure = ReconfigVM_Task RelocateVm: StoragePlacementSpec::type == relocate = RelocateVM_Task CloneVm: StoragePlacementSpec::type == clone = CloneVM_Task The PodSelectionSpec parameter in StoragePlacementSpec is required for all workflows. It specifies which SDRS-enabled pod the user has selected for the VM and/or for each disk. For CreateVm, RelocateVm and CloneVm, PodSelectionSpec.storagePod is the user selected SDRS pod for the VM, i.e., its system files. For all workflows, PodSelectionSpec.disk.storagePod is the user selected SDRS pod for the given disk. Note that a DiskLocator must be specified for each disk that the user requests to create, migrate or clone into an SDRS pod, even if it's the same pod as the VM or the user has manually selected a datastore within the pod. If the user has manually selected a datastore, the datastore must be specified in the workflow specific fields as described below. For CreateVm, AddDisk, the manually selected datastore must be specified in ConfigSpec.files or ConfigSpec.deviceChange.device.backing.datastore, the fields should will be unset if the user wants SDRS to recommend the datastore. For RelocateVm, the manually selected datastore must be specified in RelocateSpec.datastore or RelocateSpec.disk.datastore; the fields should be unset iff the user wants SDRS recommendations. For CloneVm, the manually selected datastore must be specified in CloneSpec.location.datastore or CloneSpec.location.disk[].datastore; the fields should be unset iff the user wants SDRS recommendations. The remaining expected input parameters in StoragePlacementSpec will be the same as those for the existing API as determined by StoragePlacementSpec::type. If a parameter is optional in the existing API, it will also be optional in the new API.
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| _this | ManagedObjectReference | A reference to the StorageResourceManager used to make the method call. |
| storageSpec | StoragePlacementSpec |
|
Return Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| StoragePlacementResult |
Faults
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| RuntimeFault | Thrown if any type of runtime fault is thrown that is not covered by the other faults; for example, a communication error. |
Events
| Type | |
|---|---|
| None |
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| _this | ManagedObjectReference | A reference to the StorageResourceManager used to make the method call. |
| pod | ManagedObjectReference
to a StoragePod |
The storage pod.
The recommendations generated is stored at
PodStorageDrsEntry#recommendation.
|
Return Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| None |
Faults
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| RuntimeFault | Thrown if any type of runtime fault is thrown that is not covered by the other faults; for example, a communication error. |
Events
| Type | |
|---|---|
| None |
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| _this | ManagedObjectReference | A reference to the StorageResourceManager used to make the method call. |
| pod | ManagedObjectReference
to a StoragePod |
The storage pod.
The recommendations generated is stored at
PodStorageDrsEntry#recommendation.
|
Return Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| ManagedObjectReference
to a Task |
Faults
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| InvalidArgument | |
| RuntimeFault | Thrown if any type of runtime fault is thrown that is not covered by the other faults; for example, a communication error. |
Events
| Type | |
|---|---|
| None |
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| _this | ManagedObjectReference | A reference to the StorageResourceManager used to make the method call. |
| pod | ManagedObjectReference
to a StoragePod |
The storage pod.
|
| spec | StorageDrsConfigSpec |
A set of storage Drs configuration changes to apply to
the storage pod.
|
Return Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| MethodFault |
Faults
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| RuntimeFault | Thrown if any type of runtime fault is thrown that is not covered by the other faults; for example, a communication error. |
Events
| Type | |
|---|---|
| None |
| Top of page | Local Methods | ||
| Managed Object Types | Data Object Types | All Properties | All Methods |