public interface DiscoInfoProvider
The information to provide has to include the entity's identity and the features offered and protocols supported by the target entity. The identity will be provided as an Element that will include the categoty, type and name attributes. Whilst the features will be just plain Strings.
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
org.xmpp.forms.DataForm |
getExtendedInfo(String name,
String node,
org.xmpp.packet.JID senderJID)
Returns an XDataForm with the extended information about the entity or null if none.
|
Iterator<String> |
getFeatures(String name,
String node,
org.xmpp.packet.JID senderJID)
Returns an Iterator (of String) with the supported features.
|
Iterator<org.dom4j.Element> |
getIdentities(String name,
String node,
org.xmpp.packet.JID senderJID)
Returns an Iterator (of Element) with the target entity's identities.
|
boolean |
hasInfo(String name,
String node,
org.xmpp.packet.JID senderJID)
Returns true if we can provide information related to the requested name and node.
|
Iterator<org.dom4j.Element> getIdentities(String name, String node, org.xmpp.packet.JID senderJID)
name
- the recipient JID's name.node
- the requested disco node.senderJID
- the XMPPAddress of user that sent the disco info request.Iterator<String> getFeatures(String name, String node, org.xmpp.packet.JID senderJID)
name
- the recipient JID's name.node
- the requested disco node.senderJID
- the XMPPAddress of user that sent the disco info request.org.xmpp.forms.DataForm getExtendedInfo(String name, String node, org.xmpp.packet.JID senderJID)
name
- the recipient JID's name.node
- the requested disco node.senderJID
- the XMPPAddress of user that sent the disco info request.boolean hasInfo(String name, String node, org.xmpp.packet.JID senderJID)
name
- the recipient JID's name.node
- the requested disco node.senderJID
- the XMPPAddress of user that sent the disco info request.Copyright © 2003-2008 Jive Software.


The PSA Women's Caucus was founded in November, 2006 at the PSA meeting in Vancouver, BC. The goals of the Caucus are to informally mentor women entering the philosophy of science, to provide an opportunity for networking among the women of the PSA, to raise the visibility of women in the field, and to address any concerns about women and gender in the PSA.
Membership is open to all PSA members; to join, simply add yourself to the listserv or contact Susan Hawthorne for assistance. As of November 18, 2012, the list had 153 subscribers.


16/12/2015
Stories By Prayag
A Very Happy Birthday To You Prayag!
We All Love You!
And This Is To Make You Feel That Love : )


tensor Floss
Build complex Deep Learning models with zero lines of code
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Chelsea predicted XI: Manchester City (A)
by Sam TabuteauChelsea return from the international break with the most unenviable of tasks. Their credentials as title challengers, a rather reactionary label bestowed upon them in recent weeks, will be scrutinised to the fullest degree by a vengeful Manchester City side in a clash of endless permutations and unanswered questions.
Being embroiled in a three-man title hunt will be of little consequence to Frank Lampard and he will view this fixture as an opportunity, albeit a thankless one, to resurrect their dismal form against the top six. Chelsea are currently winless in every fixture they have played against their closest rivals this season and there is a defensive fragility that rears its ugly head at the sight of a well-drilled attacking set-up, often one that operates without a traditional forward.
City are perhaps the best side in Europe when it comes to exploiting said frailties, and the culmination of two such polarising tactical mannerisms could have explosive results if Chelsea don’t set up appropriately.
Kepa Arrizabalaga
Images of last season’s 6-0 drubbing will be fresh in the minds of all who were involved, but none more so than Kepa who will be hoping he can begin to pull away from his title as an abject shot-stopper.
Cesar Azpilicueta
Another player who suffered a rude awakening on his last visit to the Etihad, Azpilicueta will be able to play to his strengths within a three-man formation. Without being relied upon to make recovery runs Azpilicueta can easily read the game from a withdrawn role and cover in behind should City break past Chelsea’s midfield block.
Kurt Zouma
Zouma needs to hold a good line and ensure City are unable to play in behind by holding his position and not rushing out naively to commit the man on the ball.
Fikayo Tomori
A huge game for the youngster’s development, he will need to be kept in constant conversation as to the whereabouts of runners off the ball.
Reece James
His physicality used correctly can give Chelsea a strong presence on the flanks and stop runners from breaking to the byline with a confrontational play style. His inverted starting position also allows him to help the Blues monopolise the centre of the park and the half-spaces in which City thrive.
N'Golo Kante
Having only just regained match fitness Kante will have a huge task ahead of him. Tasked with covering the half-spaces and transitioning play quickly he will need to move well both with and without the ball, creating combinations with James.
Jorginho
On the occasions when Chelsea do turn over possession Jorginho needs to hold the ball and allow his teammates to regain their shape before picking out an option.
Mateo Kovacic
Kovacic will be the main man in mobilising Chelsea’s attack with his strong runs from deep. A more defensive pessimism will also need to be adopted to ensure the Blues aren’t wasteful in possession.
Emerson
Although Marcos Alonso is a more natural wing-back he is too much of a liability defensively especially in his insistence on committing fouls in and around the area. Emerson is a more conservative choice and his ability to pick up a position in the centre of the park let’s Chelsea break out.
Willian
His experience in terms of game management will prove vital. Recent displays have also shown Willian’s skill in dribbling at pace from deep. An abundance of strong runners will be Chelsea’s best route of breaking away and actually hurting City.
Tammy Abraham
Unlikely to see much of the ball. Most of his work will come in stretching the City defence and pressing them high up the pitch.


Chinese government thanks Utah for aid after crash killed 4
SALT LAKE CITY (AP) - Chinese government officials have thanked the Utah state, county and local government agencies and volunteers that responded to a bus crash that killed four and injured 27 Chinese tourists.
The Salt Lake Tribune reports that dozens of people in Utah came to the aid of the injured tourists after the bus crashed near Bryce Canyon National Park Sept. 20.
Chinese embassy official Minister Xu Xueyuan and government officials held a reception in Salt Lake City on Friday to thank everyone who responded to the crash.
Authorities say Utah Highway Patrol officers, health professionals and teachers fluent in Chinese helped in the aftermath.
Xu says everyone involved had the “highest respect and most sincere appreciation” of the Chinese government.
The cause of the crash is still under investigation.
Information from: The Salt Lake Tribune, http://www.sltrib.com
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Copyright © 2019 The Washington Times, LLC.
Please read our comment policy before commenting.


To explore the dataset some more and to convince you of how hard it is to find an overall feel for the data, we can work with simple cartesian plots of one variable with another.
Select which variables to plot here.
Hit next page to go to the next page.
Principal Component Analysis can allow us to reduce the dimensionality of the data to 2 or 3 dimensions we can understand, while retaining as much of the "meaning" in the data we can. This makes it a lot easier to understand our data!


Q : What is Nordic Energy Pool Staking (NPS)?
The nordic_energy Foundation is running validator nodes on behalf of anyone that wants to participate in the network without going through the trouble of setting up and maintaining their own server.
The longer the lock-up period, the higher the rewards.
Q : What is the minimum amount required to stake?
5000 tokens
Q : How do I get started?
You’ll need to send your tokens to the Nordic Energy Smart contract through a dedicated web application at staking.nordic_energy.io
Please see our deposit tutorial
Q : How much will I earn?
Rewards are not fixed. They are dependent on the number of sidechain transactions, total number of users staking, and the lockup period chosen.
Tip: The best way to estimate current returns is to ask other members of the community who are actively staking: Official Nordic Energy Staking Channel
Q : What are my options for lock-up periods?
There are 4 lock-up options to choose from:
1 Month = 1.2 Reward Factor
3 Months = 1.4 Reward Factor
6 Months = 1.6 Reward Factor
12 Months = 1.8 Reward Factor
Q : What are reward factors?
Reward factors are bonus multipliers for the genesis phase of staking. Your stake receives its share of Nordic_energy from the sidechain transactions multiplied by 1.2, 1.4, 1.6 or 1.8.
Q : What is the Genesis Phase?
The Genesis Phase is an initial period of incentivized adoption. During this time, the revenue flow from transactions are multiplied by reward factors to increase incentives for nordic_energy token holders to stake during the early stages of the project.
Q : How long will the Genesis Phase last?
TBD
Q : What does it mean to compound earned staking rewards?
If you elect to compound, your daily earned staking rewards are automatically reinvested back into your stake.
Q : How often are rewards paid?
Staking rewards are distributed roughly every 24 hours
Q : How do I view my daily rewards?
You’ll find earned rewards in the “Balances” section of the staking website under “Pending Rewards”. These rewards will move to “Rewards Accredited” once they are eligible to be withdrawn.
You can also view a history of accredited rewards under the “History” section.
Q : When can I withdraw my rewards?
Compounding False: At the end of each month.
Compounding True: At the end of your chosen lock-up period.
Q : What if I’m having trouble making a deposit?
Q : Is it necessary to use Metamask?
Yes, nordic_energy Pool Staking should be used with Metamask only.
Q : Why can’t I see my Nordic_energy tokens in Metamask?
You’ll need to add nordic_energy as a custom token: Instructions
Token Contract Address: 0x763Fa6806e1acf68130D2D0f0df754C93cC546B2
Token Symbol: NET
Decimals: 18
Q : Can I stake with my Hardware Wallet?
You’ll need to use Metamask to interact with the LPS smart contract. However, you can sign your transactions in Metamask with a hardware wallet.
How to connect a hardware wallet to Metamask
*Note: Ensure that “contract data” is enabled in the Ethereum app on the device.
Q : Which browser should I use?
We recommend Google Chrome.
Q : Can I end my lock-up period early?
No, it’s not possible to modify the smart contract. Please plan accordingly.
Q : What if I want to run my own validator node?
Our mainnet is currently in beta and there are very limited spots and support available to operators. You should only interact with the sidechain as a validator if you are an experienced user and can troubleshoot issues on your own.
We are recommending that everyone use Nordic Energy Pool Staking until the mainnet is out of Beta.
If you'd like to learn more in the meantime, you can view the documentation to become a validator here
Q : What if I have additional questions?
For general questions: Community Channel (Telegram)
For NPS related questions: Staking Channel (Telegram)
You can also reach out to us on Twitter
Other useful links:
Website
Announcement Channel
Medium Blog
Token bridge
Whitepaper
Technical Paper


Page Not Found (404 error message)
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Perhaps you were trying to reach...
Try the Homepage
The main page for the documentation: Cask Data Documentation
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You can search the site using Google:
Also: individual product pages (CDAP, Coopr, Tigon) have a Quick Search, located in their left sidebar. Visit a product page to look there.
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Post a message at either the two CDAP groups:
We also have a JIRA for filing issues.


Integration test is the first step of the test plan where phases of the system are identified, and the system components are tested within those phases. The ETL Utility system has a clear distinction between three different modules: Extraction, Transformation, and Loading. Additionally, each module of the utility is dependent on the previous module, creating a need to build and test the extraction module first and the load module last. Given these conditions, the system's integration testing will occur in three phases, each corresponding to a module according to the system architecture.
Dividing the testing process into separate phases will ensure that testing can be focused appropriately and align with the critical path of the system’s overall development. This also ensures that defects are identified early and can easily be attributed to the currently tested module.
Following this approach, the integration testing process begins with the module that is required for the other two modules to function, Extraction. Following extraction, transformation will be tested, and lastly, loading. Since this test plan follows the dependency path between these modules, the foundations will be solidified, and high priority defects addressed before proceeding to the next module. Brief testing strategies per each module have been identified:
The purpose of the extraction module is to ensure the system can source data from multiple file formats to be then transformed. The foundation for this system is to identify new or modified data from the source systems so that the target system can use it. The other system modules require that the extraction module be complete and correct for the system to function as a whole. Thus, the extraction module should be tested first, and the test cases identified highlight each source system identified in the requirements. Figure 2 shows the modules that form the Extract Subsystem. The arrows represent the order of operations and how the implmented modules interact.
The table below outlines the tests required for the extraction in the ETL Utility, along with the expected results of the test case.
|
Test Case # |
Description |
Expected Result |
|
IT-1 |
Watcher -> Event Dispatcher |
Verify that the Watcher is notified about the change. Verify that the Event Dispatcher is triggered. |
|
IT-2 |
Event Dispatcher -> Extraction Module |
Verify that the Event Dispatcher created an event with a copy of the updated data. Verify that the Event Dispatcher has notified the Extractor. |
|
IT-3 |
Extraction Module -> Updating Existing Data |
In the source document, make a change to the existing data and validate that the new changes were extracted. |
|
IT-4 |
Extraction Module -> Creating New Data |
In the source document, make a new record in the data and validate that the new record was extracted. |
|
IT-5 |
Extraction Module -> JSON datasource |
Using a JSON datasource, make a new record and modify an existing record to ensure changes are captured. |
|
IT-6 |
Extraction Module -> SQL database |
Using a SQL database datasource, make a new record and modify an existing record to ensure changes are captured. |
|
IT-7 |
Extraction Module -> CSV datasource |
Using a CSV datasource, make a new record and modify an existing record to ensure changes are captured. |
|
IT-8 |
Extraction Module -> XML datasource |
Using a XML datasource, make a new record and modify an existing record to ensure changes are captured. |
The purpose of the transformation module is to transform the ingested data to another format for downstream processes. Testing will involve ensuring that the system can convert the extracted data into the necessary formats so that it can be loaded in another data source. Figure 3 shows the modules that will form the Transform Subsystem.
The table below outlines the tests required for the transformation in the ETL Utility, along with the expected results of the test case.
|
Test Case # |
Description |
Expected Result |
|
IT-9 |
Date Transformer -> Data Transformer |
Verify that Date is correctly transforming string-based dates (YYYYMMDD) into a UTC Date Object YYYY-MM-DDT00:00:00+00:00. |
|
IT-10 |
Boolean Transformer -> Data Transformer |
Verify that the Boolean Transformer is correctly transforming the string-based boolean data to a true boolean. |
|
IT-11 |
Lookup Transformer - > Data Transformer |
Verify that the Lookup Transformer is correctly transforming the lookup key into a more complex object that contains the values that the key represents. |
|
IT-12 |
Address Verification Transformer -> Data Transformer |
Verify that the Address Verification Transformer is correctly verifying the existence of the postal address.Verify that the postal address is correctly formatted by the third-party verification service. Verify that the transformed data is in the destination acceptable format. |
The purpose of the load module is to load the transformed data using a collection of load modules/processors to marshal the data into its respective destination/format. Tesing that the system can load the proper data and for each format type is needed to ensure this module meets requirements. Figure 4 shows the modules that will form the Load Subsystem.
The table below outlines the tests required for the loading in the ETL Utility, along with the expected results of the test case.
|
Test Case # |
Description |
Expected Result |
|
IT-13 |
Input Buffer > JSON |
Validate that transformed records can be transferred to a JSON format. |
|
IT-14 |
Input Buffer > SQL Database |
Validate that transformed records can be transferred to a SQL database format. |
|
IT-15 |
Input Buffer > CSV |
Validate that transformed records can be transferred to a CSV format. |
|
IT-16 |
Input Buffer > XML |
Validate that transformed records can be transferred to an XML format. |
|
IT-17 |
Transformation Output |
Validate that the transformed data is sent to the load module. |


the 1960s and 1970 brought major advancements in coding. The programming language named “Speakeasy” was invented by the Argonne National Laboratory in 1964 by Stanly Cohen. Simula was invented in the late 1960s and was the first object-oriented programming. The language of C was an early systems programming language that was invented between 1969 and 1973 by Dennis Richie, Ken Thompson, and Bell Labs. Smalltalk was invented in the mid-1970s witch provided a ground-up design of an object-oriented language. Prolog was designed in 1972 and was the first logic programming language, it was designed by Alian Colomeraure, and Robert Kowalski. ML was built as a polymorphic type base system developed by Robin Miner in 1973 and was pioneered the statically typed functional programing language.


{% extends "parents/base_sort.html" %} {% block js %} {% endblock %} {% block title %} Radix Sort {% endblock %} {% block info %}
Radix Sort is a sorting algorithm that doesn't use comparisons. Its complexity depends, in addition to the number of elements, by the values b and d, representing the radix of the numbers and the maximum number of digits of the elements respectively.
Radix Sort works by splitting the elements into buckets, according to their radix, starting from the least significant digit (LSD) or from the most significant digit (MSD) of the number. If the number has more than one significant digit, this process is repeated to account all the digits of the number.
It's a particular sorting algorithm really different from the others as it is not based on comparisons, but on the digits of the number instead, so it's only applicable on whole numbers or strings.
It can be faster than other logarithmic sorting algorithms on big data structures as it can even perform in linear time in special cases, but it's not widely used due to its limitations.
{% endblock %} {% block medio %} O(d × (n + b)) {% endblock %} {% block peggiore %} O(d × (n + b)) {% endblock %} {% block migliore %} O(d × (n + b)) {% endblock %} {% block memoria %} O(n + 2^d) {% endblock %}


sklearn.multiclass
.OneVsOneClassifier¶
-
class
sklearn.multiclass.
OneVsOneClassifier
(estimator, n_jobs=None)[source]¶ One-vs-one multiclass strategy
This strategy consists in fitting one classifier per class pair. At prediction time, the class which received the most votes is selected. Since it requires to fit
n_classes * (n_classes - 1) / 2
classifiers, this method is usually slower than one-vs-the-rest, due to its O(n_classes^2) complexity. However, this method may be advantageous for algorithms such as kernel algorithms which don’t scale well with n_samples. This is because each individual learning problem only involves a small subset of the data whereas, with one-vs-the-rest, the complete dataset is usedn_classes
times.Read more in the User Guide.
- Parameters
- estimatorestimator object
An estimator object implementing
fit
and one ofdecision_function
orpredict_proba
.- n_jobsint or None, optional (default=None)
The number of jobs to use for the computation.
None
means 1 unless in ajoblib.parallel_backend
context.-1
means using all processors. See Glossary for more details.
- Attributes
- estimators_list of
n_classes * (n_classes - 1) / 2
estimators Estimators used for predictions.
- classes_numpy array of shape [n_classes]
Array containing labels.
- n_classes_int
Number of classes
- pairwise_indices_list, length =
len(estimators_)
, orNone
Indices of samples used when training the estimators.
None
whenestimator
does not have_pairwise
attribute.
- estimators_list of
Methods
decision_function
(self, X)Decision function for the OneVsOneClassifier.
fit
(self, X, y)Fit underlying estimators.
get_params
(self[, deep])Get parameters for this estimator.
partial_fit
(self, X, y[, classes])Partially fit underlying estimators
predict
(self, X)Estimate the best class label for each sample in X.
score
(self, X, y[, sample_weight])Returns the mean accuracy on the given test data and labels.
set_params
(self, \*\*params)Set the parameters of this estimator.
-
__init__
(self, estimator, n_jobs=None)[source]¶ Initialize self. See help(type(self)) for accurate signature.
-
decision_function
(self, X)[source]¶ Decision function for the OneVsOneClassifier.
The decision values for the samples are computed by adding the normalized sum of pair-wise classification confidence levels to the votes in order to disambiguate between the decision values when the votes for all the classes are equal leading to a tie.
- Parameters
- Xarray-like, shape = [n_samples, n_features]
- Returns
- Yarray-like, shape = [n_samples, n_classes]
-
fit
(self, X, y)[source]¶ Fit underlying estimators.
- Parameters
- X(sparse) array-like, shape = [n_samples, n_features]
Data.
- yarray-like, shape = [n_samples]
Multi-class targets.
- Returns
- self
-
get_params
(self, deep=True)[source]¶ Get parameters for this estimator.
- Parameters
- deepboolean, optional
If True, will return the parameters for this estimator and contained subobjects that are estimators.
- Returns
- paramsmapping of string to any
Parameter names mapped to their values.
-
partial_fit
(self, X, y, classes=None)[source]¶ Partially fit underlying estimators
Should be used when memory is inefficient to train all data. Chunks of data can be passed in several iteration, where the first call should have an array of all target variables.
- Parameters
- X(sparse) array-like, shape = [n_samples, n_features]
Data.
- yarray-like, shape = [n_samples]
Multi-class targets.
- classesarray, shape (n_classes, )
Classes across all calls to partial_fit. Can be obtained via
np.unique(y_all)
, where y_all is the target vector of the entire dataset. This argument is only required in the first call of partial_fit and can be omitted in the subsequent calls.
- Returns
- self
-
predict
(self, X)[source]¶ Estimate the best class label for each sample in X.
This is implemented as
argmax(decision_function(X), axis=1)
which will return the label of the class with most votes by estimators predicting the outcome of a decision for each possible class pair.- Parameters
- X(sparse) array-like, shape = [n_samples, n_features]
Data.
- Returns
- ynumpy array of shape [n_samples]
Predicted multi-class targets.
-
score
(self, X, y, sample_weight=None)[source]¶ Returns the mean accuracy on the given test data and labels.
In multi-label classification, this is the subset accuracy which is a harsh metric since you require for each sample that each label set be correctly predicted.
- Parameters
- Xarray-like, shape = (n_samples, n_features)
Test samples.
- yarray-like, shape = (n_samples) or (n_samples, n_outputs)
True labels for X.
- sample_weightarray-like, shape = [n_samples], optional
Sample weights.
- Returns
- scorefloat
Mean accuracy of self.predict(X) wrt. y.
-
set_params
(self, **params)[source]¶ Set the parameters of this estimator.
The method works on simple estimators as well as on nested objects (such as pipelines). The latter have parameters of the form
<component>__<parameter>
so that it’s possible to update each component of a nested object.- Returns
- self


Smoothly scrolls the element on which it’s called into the visible area of the browser window.
Element.scrollIntoView()
{ behavior: 'smooth' }
const smoothScroll = element => document.querySelector(element).scrollIntoView({ behavior: 'smooth' });
smoothScroll('#fooBar'); // scrolls smoothly to the element with the id fooBar smoothScroll('.fooBar'); // scrolls smoothly to the first element with a class of fooBar


FLAWLESS
Reviewed by Harvey Karten MGM Director: Joel Schumacher Writer: Joel Schumacher Cast: Robert De Niro, Philip Seymour Hoffman, Barry Miller, Wanda De Jesus, Skipp Sudduth, Daphne Rubin-Vega, Wilson Jermaine Heredia, Nashom Benjamin, Scott Allen Cooper
A feelgood, comic drama with melodramatic overtones, "Flawless" is the sort of film you might expect to come around at this time for a shot at the Best Actor Oscar. Having watched Dustin Hoffman get the big O for "Rain Man" (which was cited as well for Best Picture in 1988), Joel Schumacher ("Batman Forever," "A Time To Kill") may have figured that the story of a physically disabled person played by superstar Robert De Niro could bring in the gold. In "Flawless," two performers play lonely human beings outside the mainstream of society who initially despise each other and through the ups and down of almost forced contact learn to develop a modicum of warm and fuzzy feelings.
Schumacher was inspired to write and direct the story after observing the destruction that a series of small strokes delivered to a friend, a person whose speech underwent dramatic improvement after he took singing lessons. (This makes sense since therapists have long observed that stutterers lose their stumbling when engaged in song.) But where Wes Craven spent considerable time exhibiting the process by which a gifted violin teacher inspires her pupils in "Music the Heart," Schumacher focuses on the melodramatic change of heart which the handicapped person undergoes when he actually gets to know the object of his loathing and the man's circle of friends.
At times "Flawless" looks like a photographed play, particularly when Patrick Capone's camera hones in on the visits which Rusty (Philip Seymour Hoffman) makes to the dilapidated hotel apartment of stroke victim Walt Koontz (Robert De Niro). Even when we move outside to the dreary tenement streets of Brooklyn, the film has a closed-in feel that denies us a substantial impression of the neighborhood with its hookers, dealers, and criminals with their hangers-on. The sporadic violence somehow feels like part of a different movie offering a jarring contrast to the drag-queen world on display and, in fact, by artificially throwing Walt and Rusty together, the chaos of the streets prevents us from witnessing a true connection between the two principals.
After a quick introduction to the daily lifestyle of Walt Koontz (Robert De Niro), a one-time hero security guard responsible for freeing 14 hostages, the mood becomes melodramatic. A trio of criminals chase after and track down a man who has stolen $25,000 of their money, but not before he had given the bag of loot away to a confidant. When Walt hears a commotion in an adjoining apartment, he throws himself into the fray, gets shot, and suffers a stroke that leaves him partially paralyzed and speech-impaired. Reluctant to leave his apartment for physical therapy, he allows himself to receive singing lessons from the drag queen against whom he had regularly exchanged loud insults. Slowly learning about the life of the wannabe transsexual Rusty (Philip Seymour Hoffman) together with the fun-loving attitudes of his pals, he discerns the man's humanity and vulnerability, becoming his friend. In a final melodramatic flourish, the camaraderie is put to the test.
While De Niro does a credible job of performing in the role of a man with a deep speech impediment (not very much unlike his guise in the 1990 film "Awakenings" as a man who awakens from a coma after 30 years), Hoffman is the real star of this story. Philip Seymour Hoffman, so adept in his role as the sexually inhibited Allen in Todd Solondz's "Happiness," is often so convincing that a viewer entering this movie late could swear he was a woman. We learn that his character feels so trapped in his male body that he is willing to spend upwards of $40,000 simply to change to the gender that half the world is born into. We also learn that drag queens fight with one another about as much as they struggle against homophobics who cannot abide their way of life. The most satiric scene satirizes a group of patronizing, suited, gay Republicans, who seem to hold their noses while suggesting that they march together with the queens in a show of solidarity. But on the whole, the movie, for all the quality of its leads, does not resolve the differences between the two men who appear to live with each other's company only because of the temporary threats of the outside world.
Rated R. Running Time: 111 minutes. (C) 1999 Harvey Karten
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


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Help us spread the word!

Wheather you are a programmer, photographer, web designer, frontent or backend developer, app developer, lawyer, ... creating a website involves so many


getrusage - get resource usage
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
int getrusage(int who, struct rusage
*usage);
getrusage() returns resource usage measures for who, which can be
one of the following:
- RUSAGE_SELF
- Return resource usage statistics for the calling process, which is the sum
of resources used by all threads in the process.
- RUSAGE_CHILDREN
- Return resource usage statistics for all children of the calling process
that have terminated and been waited for. These statistics will include
the resources used by grandchildren, and further removed descendants, if
all of the intervening descendants waited on their terminated
children.
- RUSAGE_THREAD (since Linux 2.6.26)
- Return resource usage statistics for the calling thread. The
_GNU_SOURCE feature test macro must be defined (before including
any header file) in order to obtain the definition of this constant
from <sys/resource.h>.
The resource usages are returned in the structure pointed to by
usage, which has the following form:
struct rusage {
struct timeval ru_utime; /* user CPU time used */
struct timeval ru_stime; /* system CPU time used */
long ru_maxrss; /* maximum resident set size */
long ru_ixrss; /* integral shared memory size */
long ru_idrss; /* integral unshared data size */
long ru_isrss; /* integral unshared stack size */
long ru_minflt; /* page reclaims (soft page faults) */
long ru_majflt; /* page faults (hard page faults) */
long ru_nswap; /* swaps */
long ru_inblock; /* block input operations */
long ru_oublock; /* block output operations */
long ru_msgsnd; /* IPC messages sent */
long ru_msgrcv; /* IPC messages received */
long ru_nsignals; /* signals received */
long ru_nvcsw; /* voluntary context switches */
long ru_nivcsw; /* involuntary context switches */
};
Not all fields are completed; unmaintained fields are set to zero
by the kernel. (The unmaintained fields are provided for compatibility with
other systems, and because they may one day be supported on Linux.) The
fields are interpreted as follows:
- ru_utime
- This is the total amount of time spent executing in user mode, expressed
in a timeval structure (seconds plus microseconds).
- ru_stime
- This is the total amount of time spent executing in kernel mode, expressed
in a timeval structure (seconds plus microseconds).
- ru_maxrss (since Linux 2.6.32)
- This is the maximum resident set size used (in kilobytes). For
RUSAGE_CHILDREN, this is the resident set size of the largest
child, not the maximum resident set size of the process tree.
- ru_ixrss (unmaintained)
- This field is currently unused on Linux.
- ru_idrss (unmaintained)
- This field is currently unused on Linux.
- ru_isrss (unmaintained)
- This field is currently unused on Linux.
- ru_minflt
- The number of page faults serviced without any I/O activity; here I/O
activity is avoided by “reclaiming” a page frame from the
list of pages awaiting reallocation.
- ru_majflt
- The number of page faults serviced that required I/O activity.
- ru_nswap (unmaintained)
- This field is currently unused on Linux.
- ru_inblock (since Linux 2.6.22)
- The number of times the filesystem had to perform input.
- ru_oublock (since Linux 2.6.22)
- The number of times the filesystem had to perform output.
- ru_msgsnd (unmaintained)
- This field is currently unused on Linux.
- ru_msgrcv (unmaintained)
- This field is currently unused on Linux.
- ru_nsignals (unmaintained)
- This field is currently unused on Linux.
- ru_nvcsw (since Linux 2.6)
- The number of times a context switch resulted due to a process voluntarily
giving up the processor before its time slice was completed (usually to
await availability of a resource).
- ru_nivcsw (since Linux 2.6)
- The number of times a context switch resulted due to a higher priority
process becoming runnable or because the current process exceeded its time
slice.
On success, zero is returned. On error, -1 is returned, and errno is set
appropriately.
- EFAULT
- usage points outside the accessible address space.
- EINVAL
- who is invalid.
For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see attributes(7).
| Interface |
Attribute |
Value |
| getrusage () |
Thread safety |
MT-Safe |
POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, SVr4, 4.3BSD. POSIX.1 specifies getrusage(),
but specifies only the fields ru_utime and ru_stime.
RUSAGE_THREAD is Linux-specific.
Resource usage metrics are preserved across an execve(2).
Including <sys/time.h> is not required these days,
but increases portability. (Indeed, struct timeval is defined in
<sys/time.h>.)
In Linux kernel versions before 2.6.9, if the disposition of
SIGCHLD is set to SIG_IGN then the resource usages of child
processes are automatically included in the value returned by
RUSAGE_CHILDREN, although POSIX.1-2001 explicitly prohibits this.
This nonconformance is rectified in Linux 2.6.9 and later.
The structure definition shown at the start of this page was taken
from 4.3BSD Reno.
Ancient systems provided a vtimes() function with a similar
purpose to getrusage(). For backward compatibility, glibc also
provides vtimes(). All new applications should be written using
getrusage().
See also the description of /proc/[pid]/stat in
proc(5).
clock_gettime(2), getrlimit(2), times(2), wait(2),
wait4(2), clock(3)
This page is part of release 5.05 of the Linux man-pages project. A
description of the project, information about reporting bugs, and the latest
version of this page, can be found at https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.


System Status:
Grid Movement: Online
Camera: Online
Freelook: Offline
Chromatic Vision: Offline
N ----- NE ----- E
2018-08-27 +02:00
Active objectives
1. Locate exit
Running analysis
Assessment complete
No threats found
Tracking
0.02 13.27 1.03
2.98 91.34 12.81
0.18 63.06 22.84
mov al, '*'
mov ah, 09h
mov bl, 0eh
mov cx, 1
int 10h


| Home > Documentation > Reference > Geronimo Architecture > GBeans |
A running Geronimo server is composed of the following two sets of architectural parts: GBeans and Geronimo kernel.
A GBean is a Geronimo-Bean. GBeans are the building blocks of Apache Geronimo. Like a regular JavaBean, a GBean has properties that can be accessed, and methods that can be invoked.
GBeans are the smallest and the only manageable chunk of code that the Geronimo kernel works with.  Conceptually, a module is a specific configuration of a grouping of GBeans. Geronimo server components are all modules composed of GBeans.
The Geronimo kernel provides the GBean components with well-defined kernel-provided services. This set of services includes the following:
In creating a Geronimo configuration, you can alter the run-time behavior of a GBean by setting attributes to specific values. A module in Geronimo is specified in a deployment plan. The deployment plan spells out in detail how a set of GBeans is to be configured together (the specific values for the GBean attributes and how they are related to one another). The deployment plan is an xml document that is defined by one or more xml schemas. If the modules are deployed to the Geronimo server, the kernel keeps an image of the configuration in the repository. Thus the kernel can quickly restore the running configurations when the server is restarted.
The lifecycle of a GBean is managed by the Geronimo kernel. The kernel can create a GBean instance and start, stop, and destroy it at any time. Conceptually, the Geronimo server can deploy, start, and stop modules. Because modules consist of grouping of GBeans, the Geronimo server starts and stops these groups of GBeans through its kernel.
A GBean can optionally expose attributes and operations (properties and methods, in system-management terms) through a Java standard management interface called Java Management Extension (JMX). The Geronimo kernel provides this manageability service to GBeans. To enable this manageability service for a GBean, the person who writes the Geronimo GBean needs to write very little code.
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Founder of ForexFlow FF-Signals
My name is Daniel Christensen and im the founder of ForexFlow based in South Africa.ForexFlow is a team with 5 Traders


Guidance
Expenses that may be claimed by witnesses attending a hearing or induction appeal at the NCTL.
Witnesses attending a hearing or induction appeal are able to claim reimbursement for reasonable travel expenses. If they are self-employed or are supply teachers who would lose a day’s income by attending, then they can also claim for loss of earnings. If an overnight stay is necessary, NCTL should be contacted before the hearing to agree the costs that will be covered.
NCTL will normally pay for up to two witnesses for each party attending, but may pay expenses for additional witnesses in exceptional circumstances. NCTL will need to be contacted before the hearing setting out what the exceptional circumstances are.
Teachers who are the subject of an induction appeal can also claim reasonable travel expenses.
Teachers who are the subject of professional conduct panels cannot claim for any expenses unless they can demonstrate that genuine hardship is preventing them from attending, such as unemployment. Unemployment must be independently verified by a third party.
NCTL will pay a flat-rate payment to compensate loss of earnings of £65 for up to 4 hours and £130 for over 4 hours.
For supply teachers, NCTL will only cover loss of earnings if there is genuine evidence that the claimant would ordinarily have been working on the day(s) for which they are claiming. NCTL would therefore expect to see appropriate confirmation from a head teacher or supply agency.
Schools that have to hire a supply teacher to cover a person’s attendance at a hearing will be reimbursed up to a maximum of £250 per day. NCTL will require the following in order to process this payment:
Published: 14 April 2014
Updated: 7 July 2015
From: National College for Teaching and Leadership
Part of: Teacher misconduct


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Commander of Russian Ground Forces Presents New Military Robot
The Kungas robot, designed for the Russian Armed forces, has been tested successfully, Army General Oleg Salyukov said in an interview with the newspaper Krasnaya Zvezda.
"This year, state tests of a robot prototype developed as part of the Kungas experimental design work were completed. In 2020, experimental military operations will be carried out," Oleg Salyukov said.
The Kungas system includes a 12-kilogram robot, a robot weighing 200 kilograms and a transportable robot weighing up to two tonnes, as well as a Nerekhta combat robot and a robotic version of the BTR-MDM “Shell”.
According to Oleg Salyukov, next year development work will also begin on the creation of the heavy and middle-weight robots "Sturm" and "Companion".
Earlier, a source in the defence industry said that by 2025, groups of multi-functional robots capable of solving combat missions may appear in Russia. In addition, each robot will have its own specific purpose.


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IN THE HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND AT RANCHI A.B.A. No. 4109 of 2018 1. Ajay Singh 2. Subodh Gupta @ Subodh Kumar ...... Petitioners Versus The State of Jharkhand ...... Opposite Party -----
CORAM: HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE ANANT BIJAY SINGH
-----
For the Petitioners : Mr. Awanish Shekhar, Advocate For the State : A.P.P ----- 04/Dated: 26/07/2018
The petitioners are apprehending their arrest in connection with Ormanjhi P.S. Case No. 54/2017, corresponding to G.R. No. 2497/2017, the case registered under Sections 379 of the Indian Penal Code, section 21(1),21(6) of Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation ) Act, 1957 , section r of the JMMC Act, section 54 of JMMC, Rules, 2004 and section 3/21A,37 of the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution Act.
Heard learned counsel for the parties.
Learned counsel for the petitioner has submitted that petitioner are innocent and they have been falsely implicated in this case. Hence, petitioners deserve bail.
Learned A.P.P opposed the prayer for bail.
From perusal of the impugned order, it appears that 15000 cft. stone amounting to Rs.1,20,000/- and 12500 cft. Stone amounting to Rs.1,02,000/- seized from the possession of Ajay Singh and Subodh Gupta respectively.
Keeping in view the arguments advanced by the learned counsel for the parties and also considering the fact and circumstances of the case, the above named petitioners are directed to surrender in the Court below within Four Weeks from the date of this order and in the event of their arrest or surrender, the Court below shall enlarge the above named petitioners, on bail, on furnishing bail bond of Rs. 25,000/- (Rupees twenty-five thousand) each with two sureties of the like amount each to the satisfaction of CJM, Ranchi, in connection with Ormanjhi P.S. Case No. 54/2017, corresponding to G.R. No. 2497/2017, subject to the conditions as laid down under Section 438(2) of the Cr.P.C., and subject to the further conditions as follows :
1. Petitioner No. 1 - Ajay Singh shall deposit Rs.25,000/- ( Rs. Twenty five thousand ) and petitioner no.2-Subodh Gupta @ Subodh Kumar shall deposit Rs. 20,000/- (Rs. Twenty thousand) in the court below on or before his date of surrender and produce the receipt of deposition of the aforesaid amount before the trial court on the date of his surrender before the trial court.
2. The petitioners will file undertaking on the date of their surrender duly sworn by pairvikar before the trial court that he will co-operation with the investigation and they will join the investigation as and when required.
3. On the date of surrender, petitioners will furnish bail bonds alongwith his Cell Number and Xerox copy of Aadhar Card and the Passport before the trial court.
4. If I.O. wants to record the statement of the petitioners, he will file application in the court below through APP for release of the cell number and Xerox copy of Aadhar Card of the petitioners and after getting the same, he will give 72 hours' notice to the petitioners fixing date, time and place and, thereafter, petitioners will appear before him and get their statement be recorded.
5. If petitioners fail to do so, it will be open for the I.O. to file an application before this court through the Addl.P.P. for cancellation of bail bonds of the petitioners.
Let a copy of this order be communicated to the court below through FAX and also handed over to learned APP for transmission of the same to the I.O of this case.
( Anant Bijay Singh, J.) Raman/


Hacklab Cosenza / Centro di Ricerca su Tecnologia e Innovazione
Frame Relay (FR) is a WAN protocol, derived fron X.25 and operating at L1 and L2, that solves these problems:
How? With Frame Relay.
Nowadays, FR is being supplanted by MPLS and MetroEthernet, but it’s still relied on in some locations using legacy connectivy solutions.
Sites connect to the FR network with short dedicated lines between the local router (DTE) and the FR switch (DCE).
The network topology is then configured by the SP over the frame relay cloud using logical paths known as virtual circuits.
A virtual circuit (VC) is a connection made through the FR network between two DTEs. To the DTEs, is equivalent to a leased line between them.
It is virtual because the path is configured logically in the FR switches, there isn’t a direct electical connection. This means it can be shared.
VC are of two types:
It is worth mentioning while we’re talking about (virtual) circuits that Frame Relay still is a packet-switching technology. VCs are used to emulate leased lines and hide the implementation details from DTEs.
At the DTE, each PVC is identified by a number, called DLCI (data link connection identifier). A DTE can be connected to multiple VCs using the same interface, separating flows using DLCIs.
DLCIs are not unique in the whole Frame Relay WAN, they only have local significance. 2 DTEs may use different DLCIs to refer to the same connection.
From the perspective of the SP, the actual path of the VC is created by a sequence of DLCI-on-input-port/DLCI-on-output-port mappings in the FR switches (any number of them through the WAN).
DLCIs over the single links of the FR cloud belonging to a VC can be different from the ones configured on the DTEs. Again: NO significance beyond the single link.
A PVC establishes a bidirectional communication.
DLCIs are assigned by the SP, usually in the range 16-1007 (0-15, 1008-1023 are reserved).
Defined at L1/L2 of the ISO/OSI stack, FR encapsulate network layer packets into a data link layer frame that uses DLCIs for addressing.
To correctly reach a destination a FR DTE must specify the L3 address of the other DTE (its IPv4 address for instance) and the DLCI of the PVC that connects it to the other DTE.
Consecutive FR frames are separated by the same start/end flag, 0x7E or binary 01111110.
L1 layers in use by FR are EIA/TIA-232/449/530, V.35 or X.21.
The FR WAN network of the SP is like a "black box" through which a subscriber can create any topology it wants.
However, all topologies can be reduced to 3 major types:
To be able to transmit through the FR network, a DTE must know both:
To map them, the DTE can use dynamic or static mappings.
In Ethernet networks, ARP is used when the L3 IPv4 address of a client is known and you want to request its L2 address (L3-to-L2). Inverse ARP is a similar protocol used to achieve L2-to-L3 mappings, which means the discovery of an IPv4 address of a node reachable through a known DLCI.
The equivalent of Inverse ARP for IPv6 is Inverse Neighbor Discovery (IND).
A router with a FR interface will send Inverse ARP requests to all configured DLCI to dynamically populate a L2-to-L3 mapping table with the corresponding replies.
Inverse ARP is enabled by default on the FR interface of a Cisco router for every L3 protocol enabled on the interface.
It’s possible to manually associate a L3 next-hop address to a local DLCI.
It’s not possible to use both Inverse ARP and static mappings for the same local DLCI. Static mappings will override dynamic ones made through IARP.
Uses of static mappings include:
The command to configure static mappings in a Cisco router is:
frame-relay map {protocol} {L3-addr} {dlci-num} [broadcast] [ietf] [cisco]
The ietf
keyword is to be used when interfacing with a non-Cisco router, to avoid Cisco-specific encapsulation implementation details.
The broadcast
keyword is used to “emulate” broadcast behaviours on the NMBA network. Useful to simplify configuration over FR for dynamic routing protocols that assume multiaccess, such as OSPF.
DLCI format is decimal(0xHEX, 0xOnTheWire).
Router#show frame-relay map
Serial0/0/0 (up): ip <IP_ADDRESS> dlci 102(0x66, 0x1860), static, broadcast
CISCO, status defined, active
Serial0/1/0 (up): ip <IP_ADDRESS> dlci 401(0x191,0x6410), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined, active
Serial0/1/1 (up): ip <IP_ADDRESS> dlci 501(0x1F5,0x7C50), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined, active
Serial0/1/2 (up): ip <IP_ADDRESS> dlci 301(0x12D,0x48D0), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined, active
The original concept of the Frame Relay protocol took little consideration of delay issues, which are a big problem in big networks.
Cisco and other vendors decided to extend FR in such a way that it could learn and react to the status of the network. These extension are known as the Local Management Interface (LMI).
LMI works as a keepalive between the DTE and the DCE:
keepalive
interface command. It must be sync’ed between adjacent FR interfaces.LMI is a definition for a message format used for link management between the DTE (the router) and the DCE (the SP’s FR switch).
LMI messages fits entirely in the variable-length data field of the FR encapsulation header.
DTE-DCE must use the same LMI’s message format. There are several, incompatible with each other: Cisco, Ansi, Q933A. It can be set with
Router(config-if)# frame-relay lmi-type [cisco | ansi | q933a]
It’s not necessary because new Cisco IOS releases support autosensing. LMI-type configured on a FR interface can be displayed with
Router# show interfaces [interface-id]
[...]
LMI DLCI 1023 LMI type is CISCO [...]
The Frame Relay protocol itself deals with data transfer. LMI extensions take care of link management. Among them:
To map L3 addresses to the correct DLCI number, DTE sends Inverse ARP requests on every configured PVCs.
| Sent by C-HQ | Processed by BO1 | Sent by BO1 | Processed by CHQ | |
| DLCI in frame | 102 | 201 | 201 | 102 |
| OP | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| L2-src | irrelevant | 201 | irrelevant | 102 |
| L3-src | <IP_ADDRESS> | <IP_ADDRESS> | <IP_ADDRESS> | <IP_ADDRESS> |
| L2-dst | 102 | 102 | 201 | 201 |
| L3-dst | <IP_ADDRESS> | <IP_ADDRESS> | <IP_ADDRESS> | <IP_ADDRESS> |
Sum of the CIRs for each PVC can be lower than the Access Rate. This way customer can take advantage of bursting.
Bursting happens when there is unused bandwidth in the FR network, because other subscribers are under-utilizing theirs: in such scenarios, the others are able to transmit above their contractual CIR for free.
The "rate above CIR" up until the access rate is divided in:
SPs greatly benefit from bursting capabilities of WAN protocols, because they can overbook/oversbuscribe, which means selling more bandwidth to more customers than they really have, betting that some of them will not use it entirely and/or all the time.
When in the overall FR WAN network, the sum of the CIRs is higher than the access circuit rates, somebody will pay the (lost bet) price.
The Frame Relay protocol has a simple way to notify DTEs that there is a congestion in the network, and therefore slow down transmissions until the congestion it’s cleared.
When a DCE in the FR network detects a link as congested, for every frame flowing through the congested link it will:
In a congestion situation, linked marked as DE can be dropped as needed. DTEs can mark low-priority data as DE as a precaution.
Router(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay [cisco | ietf]
Router(config-if)# frame-relay lmi-type [cisco | ansi | q933a
In some cases, we might need not to rely on iARP and configure the frame relay mapping manually. Optionally, we can disable inverse ARP with
Router(config-if)# no frame-relay inverse-arp
Setup a static map requires the command
Router(config-if)# frame-relay {protocol} {address} {dlci} [broadcast]
protocol
identifies the type of L3 protocol address the mapping will use.address
specified the L3 address to map to a specific...dlci
, the PVC identifier over which address
is reachable.The broadcast keyword is a workaround to Frame Relay being a non-broadcast network, which is a big problem for routing protocols.
When specified, the FR interface allows broadcast and multicast over the FR interface, simulating it by converting it to unicast traffic automatically.
Frame Relay is a non-broadcast multiaccess network. Broadcast not being supported causes connectivity to experience loss of transitivity.
On Ethernet, if a node A is connected to a B, and the B is connected to the C, than A can also communicate with C: they all can communicate at the data-link layer level.
This is no longer true for Frame Relay, unless a full mesh is the actual topology. This is a problem when dealing with any protocol which assumes that multiaccess and broadcast capabilities are available.
OSPF deals with the absence of multicast on NBMA with two approaches:
Router(config-router)# neighbor [address_of_spoke]
Router(config-if)# frame-relay map [protocol] [address] [dlci]
broadcast
-enabled.Router(config-if)# ip ospf network broadcast
Router(config-if)# frame-relay map [protocol] [address] [dlci] broadcast
Split horizon is a technique used by distance vector routing protocols to avoid routing loops. It mandates that a route learned through an interface should never be advertised back on the same interface.
In frame relay, when a multipoint logical topology is realized, the various PVCs are all associated to the same, physical, FR interface.
Split horizon makes it impossible for DV routing protocol to work, unless it is disabled (at the risk of routing loops).
This isn’t true if only a single PVC is running on the physical interface, which makes it a PtP connection.
FR subinterfaces are similar in purpose of router subinterfaces used for Inter-VLAN routing: they partition a single physical frame relay interface into multiple virtual interfaces, each associated to a single PVC/DLCI.
This has positive consequences for reachability issues over NBMA networks. They allow to split the same physical topology into a series of logical point-to-point links, each on its own subnet.
A FR subinterface is configured with the command
Router(config-if)# interface serial {num.sub} {multipoint | point-to-point}
sub
is specified equal to the DLCI that will run on it, to ease troubleshooting.For physical FR interfaces (encapsulation is always configured on these), the distinction between PtP or multipoint operations is implicit in whether there are one or multiple DLCIs configured.
Because LMI is not able to distinguish subinterfaces, DLCI must be manually associated to the PtP subinterface by running
Router(config-subif)# frame-relay interface-dlci {dlci}


Tree-structured ngram model
The ngram model is stored in a tree-structure. Each node contains
- The index of the word
- Log-probability
- Back-off weight
- Index of the first higher-order gram having the current prefix (child)
Example
The figure below shows an example structure containing 5 unigrams,
4 bigrams and 2 trigrams.
Note that UNK is always the first node of the structure, even if
UNK was not specified in the model. Note also, that nodes do not
always have children even if the child field of the node is positive
(node 2 in the figure, for example).
Invariants
The important invariants in the structure are
- If node[i] has one child or more, (node[i].child > 0) and
the number of children is (node[i+1].child - node[i])
- node[i] does not have children, if and only if, either
(node[i].child = -1) or (node[i+1].child = -1). FIXME: is one
possibility also that (node[i].child == node[i+1].child) (thirsima
6.10.2004)
Correct procedure for adding nodes in the tree
- The order of the unigram is the sorting order
- All grams must be inserted according to the sorting order.
- Just before adding gram (a,b,c,d) to the vector of nodes
- Let n be the node (a,b,c) and set n.child to (number of
nodes) if n.child is -1
- Let n be the node (a,b,c) and set (n+1).child to (number of
nodes plus one)
Last modified: Wed Oct 6 10:15:29 EEST 2004


American Music Awards: Taylor Swift Performs Medley of Past Hits Without Too Much Controversy
The Artist of the Decade still managed to seemingly send a message to Scooter Braun
by Lawrence YeeTaylor Swift performed a medley of her past hits at the American Music Awards, after saying on social media earlier this month that her old label, Big Machine Records, prevented her from playing her old songs.
Big Machine refuted Swift’s claims, and eventually reached an agreement with dick clark productions, the producer of the AMAs, to approve Swift’s performance for Sunday’s show.
And perform she did. Taking the stage in a white button-up with the names of her early albums written on it, she sang “The Man” surrounded by young girls. “‘Cause if I was a man, then I’d be the man,” the pop star belted, seemingly a message to Scooter Braun, the manager who bought Big Machine Records and controls the rights to her early catalog.
She tore away the shirt to reveal a glimmering, golden bodysuit before descending into her greatest hits: “Love Story,” “Trouble,” “Blank Space” and “Shake It Off” (with Camila Cabello and Halsey).
Also Read:
Swift then took to the piano to perform her latest hit, “Lover.”
Afterward, she accepted the Artist of the Decade Award from songwriter Carole King, one of her idols.
“All any of the artists want is to create something that will last, whatever it is in life,” Swift said. “The fact that this is an award that celebrates a decade of hard work, and of art and of fun and of memories.”
Addressing the recent controversy in her acceptance speech, Swift continued. “All that matters to me is the memories that I’ve had with you guys, with you the fans over the years…thank you for being the reason why I am on the stage from the very first day of my career until tonight. I’m so lucky I get to do this.”
Later in the evening, upon winning the Artist of the Year award, Swift added, “The last year of my life has had the most amazing times and some of the hardest things in my life that I’ve gone through. This year for me has been a lot. A lot of good. A lot of really complicated. On behalf of my family and me, thank you so much for being there and for caring.”
With her wins Sunday evening, Swift became the most-awarded artist in AMAs history, surpassing Michael Jackson.
The American Music Awards, the world’s largest fan-voted award show, features performances from today’s hottest artists and presents fan-voted awards in the music genres of Pop/Rock, Alternative Rock, Country, Rap/Hip-Hop, Soul/R&B, Adult Contemporary, Contemporary Inspirational, Latin, EDM and Soundtrack, and the categories of Artist of the Year, New Artist of the Year, Collaboration of the Year, Tour of The Year, Favorite Social Artist and Favorite Music Video.
The most eye-poppin’ fashions from the biggest names in music
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Helsinki maintains a small-town feel; there are no high-rise buildings and the market square is still surrounded by 19th-century architecture. It is unlike any other Finnish city, due in part to the fascinating combination of Swedish and Russian influences.
See Finland Clearance for full details on formalities.
On arrival at the Helsinki traffic control area all vessels over 12 m shall maintain permanent watch on VHF Channel 71. Vessels over 20 m must report to the station the name of the vessel, its route and destination. A similar report must be made before departure.
Clearance is done at Suomenlinna Island, southeast of Helsinki, at a special clearance station for yachts. This is approached from the SW, through a narrow channel at the north end of Susiasaari Island.
Berth at the jetty clearly marked "Passport Control". Your arrival will have been seen: wait to be visited. There is no exit off the jetty to the island except for officials. You must phone first (+358 2 0410 6900) (or VHF ch 74) to notify your arrival time (preferably during office hours): give at least an hour's notice.
Last updated June 2015.
There are plenty of berth options in and around Helsinki.


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block body %}
Examples - Gene: PCSK9, Transcript: ENST00000407236, Variant: 22-46615880-T-C, Multi-allelic variant: rs1800234, Region: 22:46615715-46615880
This genome browser displays the variant frequencies obtained for the 1000 individuals the SweGen dataset, using software from the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC).


Components
Components are page level design elements that help visitors navigate, scan, and understand information. For further guidance visit the U.S. Web design standards.
Navigation
Breadcrumbs
Breadcrumb links appear in the header of each content page to help visitor navigate and keep track of their location.
Card Navigation
Card style navigation is used on topic landing pages to indicate major content areas.
List Navigation
List navigation links to tertiary and quaternary pages.
Quick Links
Quick links are used to callout key content or actions for easy access.
Footer
The footer provides site navigation and key external links.
Page Elements
Callout Box
Callout boxes are used to highlight content areas and make pages easier to scan.
Definition Block
Definition blocks help users to quickly identify information that is relevant to them and provide links to more detailed information.
Lists
Lists can be used to decrease content density and organize information. They can be ordered or unordered.
Process List
The process is an ordered list variation and helps to parse complex tasks into step-by-step instructions.


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AbstractStatement
- interface flowchart.
AbstractStatement
.
An instance of interface AbstractStatement is a statement, for example a primitive statement, an IF statement, a WHILE statement, or a sequence of statements.
add(String)
- Method in class flowchart.
Module
Add a new procedure to this module.
add(AbstractStatement)
- Method in class flowchart.
Procedure
Add a statement to this procedure.
add(AbstractStatement)
- Method in class flowchart.
StatementSequence
Add a statement to the sequence.
addCallSite(String, String, String)
- Method in class callgraph.
CallGraph
Create a new vertex in JGraph for a named call site.
addEdge(String, String)
- Method in class callgraph.
CallGraph
Create a new directed edge for a procedure call.
addPorts(DefaultGraphCell)
- Static method in class flowchart.
FlowchartSymbolFactory
Add the default port (center) and other 4 ports (connection points in different directions) to the specified cell.
addProcedure(String, String)
- Method in class callgraph.
CallGraph
Create a new vertex in JGraph for a named procedure node.
B
BOX_COLOR
- Static variable in class flowchart.
ChartConfig
Color of a basic block (processing box).
BOX_H_MARGIN
- Static variable in class flowchart.
ChartConfig
Horizontal margin of a basic block (processing box).
BOX_MIN_HEIGHT
- Static variable in class flowchart.
ChartConfig
Minimal height of a basic block (processing box).
BOX_MIN_WIDTH
- Static variable in class flowchart.
ChartConfig
Minimal width of a basic block (processing box).
BOX_V_MARGIN
- Static variable in class flowchart.
ChartConfig
Vertical margin of a basic block (processing box).
C
CALL_SITE_COLOR
- Static variable in class callgraph.
CallGraphConfig
Color of all call sites.
CALL_SITE_HEIGHT
- Static variable in class callgraph.
CallGraphConfig
Height of all call sites.
CALL_SITE_WIDTH
- Static variable in class callgraph.
CallGraphConfig
Width of all call sites.
CallGraph
- class callgraph.
CallGraph
.
A reusable class for generating a call graph based on JGraph.
CallGraph()
- Constructor for class callgraph.
CallGraph
Constructor of a call graph.
CallGraphConfig
- class callgraph.
CallGraphConfig
.
The configuration for drawing a call graph, including the size, the position and the color of each procedure node and call site node.
CallGraphConfig()
- Constructor for class callgraph.
CallGraphConfig
ChartConfig
- class flowchart.
ChartConfig
.
The configuration for painting a flowchart, including the size, the position and the color of each element in the flowchart.
ChartConfig()
- Constructor for class flowchart.
ChartConfig
callSiteCells
- Variable in class callgraph.
CallGraph
The container of all call sites in the graph.
callgraph
- package callgraph
condition
- Variable in class flowchart.
IfStatement
The text of the boolean condition of the IF statement.
condition
- Variable in class flowchart.
WhileStatement
The text of the boolean condition of the WHILE statement.
count()
- Method in class flowchart.
Module
Get the number of procedures in this module.
count()
- Method in class flowchart.
Procedure
Get the number of statements in this procedure.
count()
- Method in class flowchart.
StatementSequence
Get the number of statements in the sequence.
countCallSites()
- Method in class callgraph.
CallGraph
Return the number of call sites in this graph.
countEdges()
- Method in class callgraph.
CallGraph
Return the number of edges in this graph.
countProcedures()
- Method in class callgraph.
CallGraph
Return the number of procedures in this graph.
createBoxCell(String, int, int, int, int)
- Static method in class flowchart.
FlowchartSymbolFactory
Create a cell for a processing box.
createDiamondCell(String, int, int, int, int)
- Static method in class flowchart.
FlowchartSymbolFactory
Create a cell for a condition.
createDirectedEdge(DefaultGraphCell, DefaultGraphCell)
- Static method in class flowchart.
FlowchartSymbolFactory
Create a cell for a directed edge.
createDirectedEdge(String, DefaultGraphCell, DefaultGraphCell)
- Static method in class flowchart.
FlowchartSymbolFactory
Create a cell for a directed edge.
createEmptyCell(int, int)
- Static method in class flowchart.
FlowchartSymbolFactory
Create a cell for an empty statement.
createEndCell(int, int)
- Static method in class flowchart.
FlowchartSymbolFactory
Create a cell for an end point.
createGraph()
- Method in class callgraph.
CallGraph
Create an instance of JGraph which contains all cells in this calll graph.
createPointCell(int, int)
- Static method in class flowchart.
FlowchartSymbolFactory
Create a cell for a connection point.
createStartCell(int, int)
- Static method in class flowchart.
FlowchartSymbolFactory
Create a cell for a start point.
createVertexView(Object)
- Method in class flowchart.view.
FlowchartViewFactory
Constructs a VertexView view for the specified object.
D
DIAMOND_COLOR
- Static variable in class flowchart.
ChartConfig
Color of a condition diamond.
DIAMOND_MIN_ARM
- Static variable in class flowchart.
ChartConfig
The minimal width of the arms on the left and the right side of the diamond.
DIAMOND_MIN_HEIGHT
- Static variable in class flowchart.
ChartConfig
Minimal height of a diamond.
DIAMOND_MIN_WIDTH
- Static variable in class flowchart.
ChartConfig
Minimal width of a diamond.
DiamondView
- class flowchart.view.
DiamondView
.
Define a diamond view for a vertex cell, which will be used for conditional expression in a flowchart.
DiamondView()
- Constructor for class flowchart.view.
DiamondView
Constructor for a new diamond view.
DiamondView(Object)
- Constructor for class flowchart.view.
DiamondView
Constructor for a new diamond view.
DiamondViewRenderer
- class flowchart.view.
DiamondViewRenderer
.
Render a vertex with a diamond view for JGraph, which will be used for conditional expression in a flowchart.
DiamondViewRenderer()
- Constructor for class flowchart.view.
DiamondViewRenderer
E
EDGE_HEIGHT
- Static variable in class flowchart.
ChartConfig
Height of an edge.
EDGE_WIDTH
- Static variable in class callgraph.
CallGraphConfig
Width of all procedure call edges.
ENDPOINT_COLOR
- Static variable in class flowchart.
ChartConfig
Color of a start symbol and an end symbol.
ENDPOINT_HEIGHT
- Static variable in class flowchart.
ChartConfig
Height of a start symbol and an end symbol.
ENDPOINT_WIDTH
- Static variable in class flowchart.
ChartConfig
Width of a start symbol and an end symbol.
edgeCells
- Variable in class callgraph.
CallGraph
The container of all directed edges in the graph.
F
FlowchartSymbolFactory
- class flowchart.
FlowchartSymbolFactory
.
This is a factory for creating symbols in a flowchart.
FlowchartSymbolFactory()
- Constructor for class flowchart.
FlowchartSymbolFactory
FlowchartViewFactory
- class flowchart.view.
FlowchartViewFactory
.
The view factory for flowcharts.
FlowchartViewFactory()
- Constructor for class flowchart.view.
FlowchartViewFactory
falseBody
- Variable in class flowchart.
IfStatement
The FALSE branch of the IF statement.
flowchart
- package flowchart
flowchart.view
- package flowchart.view
G
get(String)
- Method in class flowchart.
Module
Get a procedure in this module.
get(int)
- Method in class flowchart.
Procedure
Get a statement in this procedure by an index (starting from 0).
get(int)
- Method in class flowchart.
StatementSequence
Get a statement in the sequence.
getDiamondHeight(String)
- Static method in class flowchart.
LabelDimension
Get the height of a labeled diamond (for conditions).
getDiamondWidth(String)
- Static method in class flowchart.
LabelDimension
Get the width of a labeled diamond (for conditions).
getFalseBody()
- Method in class flowchart.
IfStatement
Get the FALSE branch of this IF statement.
getHeight()
- Method in interface flowchart.
AbstractStatement
Get the height of this component as shown in a flowchart.
getHeight()
- Method in class flowchart.
IfStatement
Get the height of this IF statement as shown in a flowchart.
getHeight(String)
- Static method in class flowchart.
LabelDimension
Get the height of a labeled box.
getHeight()
- Method in class flowchart.
PrimitiveStatement
Get the height of this basic block as shown in a flowchart.
getHeight()
- Method in class flowchart.
StatementSequence
Get the height of this composite as shown in a flowchart.
getHeight()
- Method in class flowchart.
WhileStatement
Get the height of this WHILE statement as shown in a flowchart.
getLoopBody()
- Method in class flowchart.
WhileStatement
Get the loop body of this WHILE statement.
getName()
- Method in class flowchart.
Module
Get the name of this module.
getName()
- Method in class flowchart.
Procedure
Get the name of this procedure.
getPreferredSize()
- Method in class flowchart.view.
DiamondViewRenderer
Calculate a slightly larger preferred size.
getPreferredSize()
- Method in class flowchart.view.
RoundRectangleViewRenderer
Calculate a slightly larger preferred size.
getRenderer()
- Method in class flowchart.view.
DiamondView
Get the renderer of the diamond view.
getRenderer()
- Method in class flowchart.view.
RoundRectangleView
Get the renderer of the round rectangle view.
getTrueBody()
- Method in class flowchart.
IfStatement
Get the TRUE branch of this IF statement.
getWidth()
- Method in interface flowchart.
AbstractStatement
Get the width of this component as shown in a flowchart.
getWidth()
- Method in class flowchart.
IfStatement
Get the width of this IF statement as shown in a flowchart.
getWidth(String)
- Static method in class flowchart.
LabelDimension
Get the width of a labeled box.
getWidth()
- Method in class flowchart.
PrimitiveStatement
Get the width of this basic block as shown in a flowchart.
getWidth()
- Method in class flowchart.
StatementSequence
Get the width of this composite as shown in a flowchart.
getWidth()
- Method in class flowchart.
WhileStatement
Get the width of this WHILE statement as shown in a flowchart.
H
H_MARGIN
- Static variable in class callgraph.
CallGraphConfig
Horizontal margin of the graph.
H_MARGIN
- Static variable in class flowchart.
ChartConfig
Horizontal margin of the whole flowchart.
hasElseBranch()
- Method in class flowchart.
IfStatement
Return whether this IF statement has an ELSE branch.
I
IfStatement
- class flowchart.
IfStatement
.
A IF statement consists of a condition (denoted by a diamond) and one or two branches (represented by a StatementSequence respectively).
IfStatement(String)
- Constructor for class flowchart.
IfStatement
Constructor of a new IF statement.
isEmpty()
- Method in class flowchart.
Module
Check if the module is empty.
L
LabelDimension
- class flowchart.
LabelDimension
.
A utility class for calculating the height and width of a label in HTML format.
LabelDimension()
- Constructor for class flowchart.
LabelDimension
loopBody
- Variable in class flowchart.
WhileStatement
The loop body of the WHILE statement.
M
Module
- class flowchart.
Module
.
An instance of a Module consists of zero or more instances of Procedure, which are held in a Map.
Module(String)
- Constructor for class flowchart.
Module
Constructor for a new module.
main(String[])
- Static method in class flowchart.
LabelDimension
Embedded testing, since I am not sure whether the size calculation based on JLabel's getPreferredSize() can work.
N
name
- Variable in class flowchart.
Module
The name of this module.
name
- Variable in class flowchart.
Procedure
The name of this procedure.
P
PROC_NODE_COLOR
- Static variable in class callgraph.
CallGraphConfig
Color of all procedure nodes.
PROC_NODE_HEIGHT
- Static variable in class callgraph.
CallGraphConfig
Height of all procedure nodes.
PROC_NODE_WIDTH
- Static variable in class callgraph.
CallGraphConfig
Width of all procedure nodes.
PrimitiveStatement
- class flowchart.
PrimitiveStatement
.
This is an abstraction of a sequence of primitive statements (e.g. assignments and I/O statements).
PrimitiveStatement(String)
- Constructor for class flowchart.
PrimitiveStatement
Constructor of a new basic block.
Procedure
- class flowchart.
Procedure
.
An instance of a Procedure consists of a sequence of statements.
Procedure(String)
- Constructor for class flowchart.
Procedure
Constructor for a new procedure.
paint(int, int)
- Method in interface flowchart.
AbstractStatement
Create a list of JGraph cells to represent this component.
paint(int, int)
- Method in class flowchart.
IfStatement
Create a list of JGraph cells to represent this IF statement.
paint(int, int)
- Method in class flowchart.
PrimitiveStatement
Create a list of JGraph cells to represent this basic block.
paint(int, int)
- Method in class flowchart.
Procedure
Create a list of JGraph cells to represent this procedure.
paint(int, int, JGraph)
- Method in class flowchart.
Procedure
Construct an instance of JGraph with the list of JGraph cells in this procedure.
paint(int, int)
- Method in class flowchart.
StatementSequence
Create a list of JGraph cells to represent this sequence of statements.
paint(int, int)
- Method in class flowchart.
WhileStatement
Create a list of JGraph cells to represent this WHILE statement.
paint(Graphics)
- Method in class flowchart.view.
DiamondViewRenderer
Paint the view.
paint(Graphics)
- Method in class flowchart.view.
RoundRectangleViewRenderer
Paint the view.
paintIfThen(int, int)
- Method in class flowchart.
IfStatement
Create a list of JGraph cells to represent an IF-THEN statement.
paintIfThenElse(int, int)
- Method in class flowchart.
IfStatement
Create a list of JGraph cells to represent an IF-THEN-ELSE statement.
primitives
- Variable in class flowchart.
PrimitiveStatement
The text of primitive statements in the processing box.
procSeq
- Variable in class flowchart.
Module
A map of procedures.
procedureCells
- Variable in class callgraph.
CallGraph
The container of all procedures in the graph.
R
RoundRectangleView
- class flowchart.view.
RoundRectangleView
.
Define a round rectangle view for a vertex cell, which will be used for the start symbol and the end symbol in a flowchart.
RoundRectangleView()
- Constructor for class flowchart.view.
RoundRectangleView
Constructor for a new round rectangle view.
RoundRectangleView(Object)
- Constructor for class flowchart.view.
RoundRectangleView
Constructor for a new round rectangle view.
RoundRectangleViewRenderer
- class flowchart.view.
RoundRectangleViewRenderer
.
Render a vertex with a round rectangle view for JGraph, which will be used for the start symbol and the end symbol in a flowchart.
RoundRectangleViewRenderer()
- Constructor for class flowchart.view.
RoundRectangleViewRenderer
renderer
- Static variable in class flowchart.view.
DiamondView
The renderer for the diamond view.
renderer
- Static variable in class flowchart.view.
RoundRectangleView
The renderer for the round rectangle view.
S
SourceNotFoundException
- exception callgraph.
SourceNotFoundException
.
An exception indicating that when adding a new edge to the call graph, the referenced source call site does not exist.
SourceNotFoundException()
- Constructor for class callgraph.
SourceNotFoundException
SourceNotFoundException(String)
- Constructor for class callgraph.
SourceNotFoundException
StatementSequence
- class flowchart.
StatementSequence
.
An instance of a StatementSequence contains a list of instance(s) of AbstractStatement.
StatementSequence()
- Constructor for class flowchart.
StatementSequence
Constructor for a new sequence of statements.
setViewClass(Map, String)
- Static method in class flowchart.view.
FlowchartViewFactory
Set the mapping of the class key to a class name.
show()
- Method in class callgraph.
CallGraph
Display all the cells in the graph in a JFC/Swing frame.
show()
- Method in class flowchart.
Module
Display the flowcharts of all procedures in this module.
stmtSeq
- Variable in class flowchart.
Procedure
A sequence of statements, which is represented by an instance of StatementSequence.
stmtSeq
- Variable in class flowchart.
StatementSequence
A list of statements.
T
TargetNotFoundException
- exception callgraph.
TargetNotFoundException
.
An exception indicating that when adding a new edge to the call graph, the referenced target procedure does not exist.
TargetNotFoundException()
- Constructor for class callgraph.
TargetNotFoundException
TargetNotFoundException(String)
- Constructor for class callgraph.
TargetNotFoundException
trueBody
- Variable in class flowchart.
IfStatement
The TRUE branch of the IF statement.
V
VIEW_CLASS_KEY
- Static variable in class flowchart.view.
FlowchartViewFactory
Class key definition.
V_MARGIN
- Static variable in class callgraph.
CallGraphConfig
Vertical margin of the graph.
V_MARGIN
- Static variable in class flowchart.
ChartConfig
Vertical margin of the whole flowchart.
W
WhileStatement
- class flowchart.
WhileStatement
.
A WHILE statement consists of a condition (denoted by a diamond) and one loop body (represented by a StatementSequence).
WhileStatement(String)
- Constructor for class flowchart.
WhileStatement
Constructor of a new WHILE statement.
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Your current personal REST API authentication token is {{ api_auth_token }}
.
Don't share this token with other Users! You can change the token on the User Profile Page.
You can use the token as an authentication mechanism for the REST API. This allows a separation between
the API and the User authentication. Every API endpoint allows the use of the HTTP base authentication (with
username and password) or using the following header entry:
Authentication
header field:
Authorization: Token {{ api_auth_token }}


Default theme is white
Page 1
Default theme is white
Override section background to green
Page 2: Override paragrap2 color to red
Last page theme is black
Use black.css instead


Images taking accessibility into consideration
APO Pet Show 2019
| Category |
Win |
Place |
Show |
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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Descriptive and non-descriptive alt text
So what constitutes good alt text? Many times I have seen the image file
name be used for the alt text. , but when the image name is imgxxxx.jpg, this is of
no real help.
A better alt text is one that describes the image content in some way:
.
Use of color or position as only refference


Step 1: Initialize an empty JSON Resume file
Step 2: Fill the JSON Resume file with content
See the "JSON Resume Format" section of the documentation for detail on the various fields.
See the "JSON Resume Format" section of the documentation for detail on the various fields.


{% extends 'mbase.html' %} {% block content %} {% load static %}
Awarding the best locally made websites
Review site
{{p.description}}
View Site
BY {{p.owner}}


Neighbours forced to vacate "unsafe homes" after Hambleton house fire
Two families have been forced to leave their homes in Hambleton after the house next door was destroyed by fire.
by Matthew CalderbankSix fire crews responded to the blaze at the semi-detached home in Rydal Road at 5am yesterday (November 21), along with the aerial ladder platform and drone team.
Within two hours, the roof had collapsed at the home, but fire crews were able to prevent the flames spreading to the homes next door.
But the fire service has since deemed both the fire-ravaged home and next door properties on either side as "unsafe".
It means the homes are too unsafe to enter, which is preventing fire officers from investigating the cause of the fire.
It also means the families living next door have been forced to vacate their homes immediately.
Lancashire Fire and Rescue Service said all three families have been re-homed in alternative accommodation.
An LFRS spokesman said: "The incident has now closed from our side.
"I believe that the houses either side were found alternative accommodation.
"In terms of cause of fire, an investigation is not able to take place as the property is deemed unsafe to enter by a structural engineer.
"The properties adjacent are being looked after and people found alternative accommodation."
READ MORE: More than a dozen dogs rescued from huge blaze at dog breeder's home in Hambleton
Three people and more than a dozen dogs were rescued from the burning home before dawn yesterday (November 21).
The family, who are renowned breeders of dachshunds, suffered from smoke inhalation and received treatment at the scene.
The fire service said the home had housed a "large quantity of dogs", and has stated that no dogs are believed to have died as a result of the fire.
However, neighbours in Rydal Road suggested that two dogs belonging to the family have died.
The RSPCA said it has taken all of the dogs into its care and is launching its own investigation into the dogs' welfare.
A spokesman for the RSPCA said: "We were called to a house fire in Hambleton this morning (Thursday, November 21) by the fire brigade to assist with a number of dogs at the location.
"The dogs are in the RSPCA’s care subject to an on-going inquiry and are not available for rehoming.
"We cannot say any more at this time."


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An order made by Ahmad Saugi for product Samsung Galaxy S69


Preamble: This is not an authoritative roadmap in the sense of a strict plan with a specific timeline. Rather, we — the community — share our vision for the future and give an overview of the bigger initiatives that are going on and are receiving attention. This roadmap shall give users and contributors an understanding where the project is going and what they can expect to come.
The roadmap is continuously updated. New features and efforts should be added to the roadmap once there is consensus that they will happen and what they will roughly look like for the user.
Last Update: 2019-09-04
Flink views stream processing as a unifying paradigm for data processing (batch and real-time) and event-driven applications. The APIs are evolving to reflect that view:
The Table API / SQL is becoming the primary API for analytical use cases, in a unified way across batch and streaming. To support analytical use cases in a more streamlined fashion, the API is being extended with more convenient multi-row/column operations (FLIP-29).
Like SQL, the Table API is declarative, operates on a logical schema, and applies automatic optimization. Because of these properties, that API does not give direct access to time and state.
The Table API is also the foundation for the Machine Learning (ML) efforts inititated in (FLIP-39), that will allow users to easily build, persist and serve (FLINK-13167) ML pipelines/workflows through a set of abstract core interfaces.
The DataStream API is the primary API for data-driven applications and data pipelines. It uses physical data types (Java/Scala classes) and there is no automatic rewriting. The applications have explicit control over time and state (state, triggers, proc fun.). In the long run, the DataStream API will fully subsume the DataSet API through bounded streams.
Flink’s approach is to cover batch and streaming by the same APIs on a streaming runtime. This blog post gives an introduction to the unification effort.
The biggest user-facing parts currently ongoing are:
Table API restructuring (FLIP-32) that decouples the Table API from batch/streaming specific environments and dependencies. Some key parts of the FLIP are completed, such as the modular decoupling of expression parsing and the removal of Scala dependencies, and the next step is to unify the function stack (FLINK-12710).
The new source interfaces generalize across batch and streaming, making every connector usable as a batch and streaming data source (FLIP-27).
The introduction of upsert- or changelog- sources will support more powerful streaming inputs to the Table API (FLINK-8545).
On the runtime level, the streaming operators were extended in Flink 1.9 to also support the data consumption patterns required for some batch operations — which is groundwork for upcoming features like efficient side inputs.
Once these unification efforts are completed, we can move on to unifying the DataStream API.
The community’s goal is to make Flink’s performance on bounded streams (batch use cases) competitive with that of dedicated batch processors. While Flink has been shown to handle some batch processing use cases faster than widely-used batch processors, there are some ongoing efforts to make sure this the case for broader use cases:
Faster and more complete SQL/Table API: The community is merging the Blink query processor which improves on the current query processor by adding a much richer set of runtime operators, optimizer rules, and code generation. The Blink-based query processor has full TPC-H support (with TPC-DS planned for the next release) and up to 10x performance improvement over the pre-1.9 Flink query processor (FLINK-11439).
An application on bounded data can schedule operations after another, depending on how the operators consume data (e.g., first build hash table, then probe hash table). We are separating the scheduling strategy from the ExecutionGraph to support different strategies on bounded data (FLINK-10429).
Caching of intermediate results on bounded data, to support use cases like interactive data exploration. The caching generally helps with applications where the client submits a series of jobs that build on top of one another and reuse each others’ results (FLINK-11199).
Various of these enhancements can be integrated from the contributed code in the Blink fork. To exploit these optimizations for bounded streams also in the DataStream API, we first need to break parts of the API and explicitly model bounded streams.
The new source interface effort (FLIP-27) aims to give simpler out-of-the box support for event time and watermark generation for sources. Sources will have the option to align their consumption speed in event time, to reduce the size of in-flight state when re-processing large data volumes in streaming (FLINK-10887).
To overcome the current pitfalls of checkpoint performance under backpressure scenarios, the community is introducing the concept of unaligned checkpoints. This will allow checkpoint barriers to overtake the output/input buffer queue to speed up alignment and snapshot the inflight data as part of checkpoint state.
We also plan to add first class support for Protocol Buffers to make evolution of streaming state simpler, similar to the way Flink deeply supports Avro state evolution (FLINK-11333).
To provide downstream projects with a consistent way to programatically control Flink deployment submissions, the Client API is being refactored. The goal is to unify the implementation of cluster deployment and job submission in Flink and allow more flexible job and cluster management — independent of cluster setup or deployment mode. FLIP-52 proposes the deprecation and removal of the legacy Program interface.
The community is working on extending the interoperability with authentication and authorization services. Under discussion are general extensions to the security module abstraction as well as specific enhancements to the Kerberos support.
There is a big effort to design a new way for Flink to interact with dynamic resource pools and automatically adjust to resource availability and load. Part of this is becoming a reactive way of adjusting to changing resources (like containers/pods being started or removed) (FLINK-10407), while other parts are resulting in active scaling policies where Flink decides to add or remove TaskManagers, based on internal metrics.
The current TaskExecutor memory configuration in Flink has some shortcomings that make it hard to reason about or optimize resource utilization, such as: (1) different configuration models for memory footprint for Streaming and Batch; (2) complex and user-dependent configuration of off-heap state backends (typically RocksDB) in Streaming execution; (3) and sub-optimal memory utilization in Batch execution. FLIP-49 proposes to unify managed memory configuration for TaskExecutors to make this process more generic and intuitive for the user.
In a similar way, we are introducing changes to Flink’s resource management module with FLIP-53 to enable fine-grained control over Operator resource utilization according to known (or unknown) resource profiles. Since the requirements of this FLIP conflict with the existing static slot allocation model, this model first needs to be refactored to provide dynamic slot allocation (FLIP-56).
To support the active resource management also in Kubernetes, we are working on a Kubernetes Resource Manager (FLINK-9953).
Spillable Heap State Backend (FLIP-50), a new state backend configuration, is being implemented to support spilling cold state data to disk before heap memory is exhausted and so reduce the chance of OOM errors in job execution. This is not meant as a replacement for RocksDB, but more of an enhancement to the existing Heap State Backend.
The community is working on extending the support for catalogs, schema registries, and metadata stores, including support in the APIs and the SQL client (FLINK-11275). We have added DDL (Data Definition Language) support in Flink 1.9 to make it easy to add tables to catalogs (FLINK-10232), and will extend the support to streaming use cases in the next release.
There is also an ongoing effort to fully integrate Flink with the Hive ecosystem. The latest release made headway in bringing Hive data and metadata interoperability to Flink, along with initial support for Hive UDFs. Moving forward, the community will stabilize and expand on the existing implementation to support Hive DDL syntax and types, as well as other desirable features and capabilities described in FLINK-10556.
The work initiated in Flink 1.9 to bring full Python support to the Table API (FLIP-38) will continue in the upcoming releases, also in close collaboration with the Apache Beam community. The next steps include:
Adding support for Python UDFs (Scalar Functions (UDF), Tabular Functions (UDTF) and Aggregate Functions (UDAF)). The details of this implementation are defined in FLIP-58 and leverage the Apache Beam portability framework as a basis for UDF execution.
Integrating Pandas as the final effort — that is, making functions in Pandas directly usable in the Python Table API.
Support for additional connectors and formats is a continuous process.
The Flink code base has been updated to support Java 9 (FLINK-8033) and Java 11 support is underway (FLINK-10725).
To reduce compatibility issues with different Scala versions, we are working using Scala only in the Scala APIs, but not in the runtime. That removes any Scala dependency for all Java-only users, and makes it easier for Flink to support different Scala versions (FLINK-11063).


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