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苏格兰又要独立
目录
Scotland’s Future
Timeline: Scotland's road to independence referendum（独立公投）
1. A Written Constitution for Scotland
Independence for Scotland
A written constitution
2. A Constitutional Platform for Independence
A smooth and co-operative transition
Preparations for the transition
The Transition
A constitutional platform for independence made in Scotland
Constitutional Platform: Content
After independence
Scotland’s Future
from the Referendum (公民投票权) to Independence and a Written Constitution
Foreword by the Deputy First Minister
The Scottish Government has an ambitious vision of the kind of nation Scotland should be
- a thriving and successful European country, reflecting Scottish values of fairness and
opportunity, and promoting prosperity and social cohesion. A Scotland with a new place in
the world as an independent nation, participating fully in Europe and the community of
nations, on the basis of equality, responsibility and friendship.
The Government is clear that this vision must be realised to allow our ancient nation to
fulfil its potential. In the autumn of 2014 the people of Scotland will have the opportunity to
gain the powers that independent nations throughout the world take for granted: powers to
create jobs, encourage sustainable economic growth, secure social justice, tackle
inequality and promote fairness.
This paper shows how an independent Scotland can seize this opportunity by putting in
place a modern written constitution that embodies the values of the nation, secures the
rights of citizens, provides a clear distinction between the state and the government of the
day, and guarantees a relationship of respect and trust between the institutions of the
nation and its people.
In developing a new written constitution, Scotland will be able to learn from the innovative
and participative approaches of other countries. The process of creating a written
constitution in Scotland should be energising and include parties from across the political
spectrum and, even more significantly, wider society. Most importantly however, the
process should ensure that the sovereign people of Scotland can be centrally involved in
designing and determining a written constitution as the blueprint for our country’s future.
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A ‘yes’ vote for independence in 2014 is a vote for the transfer of sovereignty from
Westminster to the people of Scotland. While some legal and practical changes will be
needed to make sure the Parliament can exercise its new authority, wider constitutional
and policy changes will be the responsibility of the first elected Parliament and
Government of an independent Scotland, following the election in May 2016.
The Government’s intention is that a constitutional platform will be put in place for Scotland
becoming independent in March 2016, immediately prior to the 2016 election campaign.
That will ensure that the new Parliament and Government elected in May 2016 have the
full range of powers they need to get on with the work of building a better and more
socially just Scotland. This paper describes the essential features of that platform -
principally the completion of the powers of the Scottish Parliament, the consolidation of
existing rights of citizens, and continuity in relation to key issues such as the monarchy
and Scots law. The constitutional platform will be put in place following negotiations
between the Scottish and UK Governments. The historic Edinburgh Agreement between
the governments in October 2012, along with the recent passage by the Scottish and UK
Parliaments of a section 30 order clarifying the Scottish Parliament’s powers to hold the
referendum, are a template for a post-referendum transfer of powers from Westminster to
Scotland. In the spirit of the Edinburgh Agreement, negotiations on the completion of the
Scottish Parliament’s powers after a ‘yes’ vote will be concluded constructively and cooperatively
in the best interests of the people of Scotland and of the rest of the United
Kingdom.
This paper is a first contribution to implementing the recommendation of the Electoral
Commission that the two governments clarify the process that will follow the referendum.
We agree with the Commission’s view that the Scottish and UK Governments should
agree a joint position, and have proposed to the UK Government that we now engage in
discussions on the process of the transition to independence in advance of the vote.
This initial paper will be followed in the coming months by papers outlining how
responsibility in key reserved areas, for example welfare and pensions, will transfer to the
Scottish Parliament.
This paper will also support discussion with organisations across Scottish society,
academic experts and, most importantly, the Scottish people. The Government will
continue to listen and discuss these important issues through open debate in advance of
publication of the White Paper on independence in the autumn of this year.
Nicola Sturgeon MSP
Deputy First Minister of Scotland
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Timeline: Scotland's road to independence referendum（独立公投）
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A referendum on Scottish independence is due to take place in the autumn of 2014. Explore the timeline to find out where the modern makings of this historic vote were forged.
26 November 2013
Referendum blueprint revealed
Scotland's First Minister Alex Salmond has launched his government's independence blueprint, calling it a "mission statement" for the future. The 667-page White Paper - titled Scotland's Future: Your guide to an independent Scotland - promised a "revolution" in social policy, with childcare at its heart. Mr Salmond described the document as the "most comprehensive blueprint for an independent country ever published". But the pro-Union supporters said it was "full of meaningless assertions".
14 November 2013
MSPs pass referendum bill
Legislation to hold the Scottish independence referendum has been passed unanimously by the Holyrood parliament. The Scottish government's bill sets out the referendum rules, such as the question and campaign spending limits. The Scottish Independence Referendum Bill was passed less than two weeks before the SNP administration publishes its detailed case for independence.
26 August 2013
MSPs endorse referendum plan
Proposals for holding the Scottish independence referendum have been endorsed by the Holyrood parliament. The Scottish government's bill to hold the vote, in autumn 2014, has now cleared its first parliamentary hurdle. The legislation sets out the referendum rules, like the question to be asked and campaign spending limits.
21 March 2013
Referendum date revealed
The Scottish independence referendum date will take place on 18 September, 2014. First Minister Alex Salmond revealed the date as draft legislation on holding the vote was brought before MSPs at Holyrood. The Scottish government said it was a historic day, but opposition parties accused the SNP of keeping voters in the dark for too long.
12 March 2013
Teen vote proposals
Proposed legislation to let 16 and 17-year-olds vote in the referendum is formally brought to parliament. SNP ministers say the Scottish Independence Referendum (Franchise) Bill will ensure everyone aged 16 and over on the day of the autumn 2014 vote could take part. Deputy First Minister Nicola Sturgeon says young people have the biggest stake in the future of the country, while critics argue further clarity is needed.
11 February 2013
Separate state
The UK government publishes the first in a series of papers, which cites legal opinion stating an independent Scotland would be seen as a separate state under international law. UK ministers also say Scottish devolution had become a trusted form of government that would be lost under independence. SNP ministers say it would be "staggeringly arrogant" of the UK government to suggest Scotland would be left with nothing.
30 January 2013
Referendum question agreed
The Scottish government agrees to change the wording of its proposed independence referendum question, after concern from the Electoral Commission that it may lead people to vote "Yes". SNP ministers accept the watchdog's recommendation to ask the yes/no question: "Should Scotland be an independent country?" The government also agrees to make changes to campaign spending limits.
16 January 2013
Lords approve referendum order
The House of Lords unanimously approves the legal transfer of powers to Holyrood to allow it to hold the independence referendum, which is required because constitutional matters are reserved to Westminster. The powers will be transferred under Section 30 of the 1998 Scotland Act, under a move previously agreed to by the Scottish and UK parliaments. It paves the way for the introduction of a Referendum Bill to Holyrood.
9 November 2012
Scottish government confirms preferred question
The Scottish government confirms the wording of the question it plans to put to the people of Scotland in the independence referendum. It wants to ask people to vote "yes" or "no" to the question: "Do you agree that Scotland should be an independent country?" The question is now being scrutinised by the Electoral Commission watchdog.
22 October 2012
Scottish government consultation published
The government in Scotland publishes analysis of more than 26,000 responses to its public consultation on the planned referendum on Scottish independence. Of those respondents who commented on the suggested question, 64% broadly agreed with the wording; 28% did not. The remainder had unclear or mixed views.
15 October 2012
Referendum deal signed by Cameron and Salmond
Ministers from the UK and Scottish governments reach a deal over the independence referendum. The final issues are settled between the two governments and the historic Edinburgh Agreement is signed by Prime Minister David Cameron and First Minister Alex Salmond. The agreement paves the way for a vote in autumn 2014.
9 October 2012
Referendum deal moves closer
Following a series of meetings between the Scottish government's deputy first minister, Nicola Sturgeon, and the UK government's Scottish secretary, Michael Moore, a statement suggests substantial progress is made, with a full agreement on the workings of the referendum to come "in the next few days".
25 June 2012
Better Together campaign launches
The Better Together campaign to keep the Union is launched with former chancellor Alistair Darling. The Labour politician compares independence to buying "a one-way ticket to send our children to a deeply uncertain destination". He argues Scotland could have the "best of both worlds", with a strong Scottish Parliament inside a secure UK.
25 May 2012
Yes Scotland campaign launches
The Yes Scotland campaign for independence is launched with the aim of encouraging one million Scots to sign a declaration of support by the time of the referendum in the autumn of 2014. Scottish First Minister Alex Salmond says independence will happen if that milestone is achieved. High-profile politicians and celebrities back the campaign.
17 May 2012
UK government publishes consultation responses
The UK government publishes responses to its independence referendum consultation. It had nearly 3,000 replies from business leaders, academics, politicians, organisations and individuals. Ministers at Westminster say the responses showed strong levels of support for a single, clear question on independence.
13 February 2012
Talks continue on referendum deal
First Minister Alex Salmond says he and Scottish Secretary Michael Moore make "modest progress" at referendum talks. The pair tries to iron out differences between the two sides. Mr Moore says there is still disagreement over the issue of timing. Mr Salmond says no agreement on "substantive issues" is reached.
25 January 2012
SNP sets out its question in a white paper
The Scottish government calls for public feedback on the question it wants to put to voters in a Scottish independence referendum. It asks: "Do you agree that Scotland should be an independent country?" The "Your Scotland, Your Referendum" consultation also asks if the public favours a second question on more Holyrood powers.
10 January 2012
Salmond announces a referendum for autumn 2014
First Minister Alex Salmond announces his intention to hold a referendum in the autumn of 2014. As he is doing this, Scottish Secretary Michael Moore makes a statement saying the Scottish government does not have legal powers to hold the ballot. He offers to resolve the issue by transferring powers to Holyrood.
November 2011
Lib Dems' Home Rule Commission set up
Former leader of the Lib Dems, Sir Menzies Campbell, is appointed chair of his party's Home Rule Commission. He says: "Home Rule has the same significance today as it had historically and best represents the views of the majority of people in Scotland." One of its aims is to examine the case for "the next step after Calman".
October 2011
SNP launches drive for independence
At its annual conference, the SNP officially launches its drive for independence - announcing details of an "unprecedented" effort to win the referendum. SNP Westminster leader, Angus Robertson, tells the party faithful that the campaign will appeal to people from all political backgrounds to secure a "yes" vote.
May 2011
SNP win majority government at Holyrood
The SNP storms to victory at the Holyrood election. Leader Alex Salmond says the majority win is "a victory for a society and a nation". The party bags 69 seats, Labour win 37, the Tories 15, the Lib Dems five and others three. Mr Salmond is vague about the timing of a referendum, saying it will be held in "the second half" of the parliament.
February 2010
SNP government publishes draft Referendum Bill
The minority Scottish government publishes a draft bill into its proposed independence referendum. It says voters will have the option of voting for either new powers for the Scottish Parliament or full independence from the UK. Opposition parties say they will vote down the plans.
June 2009
Calman Commission findings published
The findings of the Calman Commission - reviewing devolution 10 years on -are made public. Sir Kenneth concludes that Holyrood should take charge of half the income tax raised in Scotland. He also suggests that the Scottish Parliament should take control of national speed limits; drink-driving laws and airgun legislation.
August 2007
National Conversation for Scotland launched
"No change was no longer an option" - these are the words of Alex Salmond when he launches his government's National Conversation, a white paper setting out the "full range" of options for Scotland's constitutional future. The "conversation" runs until November 2009 and involves ministers being quizzed by the public.
May 2007
SNP form minority government
The seeds of the referendum are sown at the 2007 Holyrood election when the SNP ends eight-years of Labour/Lib Dem coalition government. The party wins 47 seats, one more than its Labour rivals. Despite initial talks with other parties, the SNP forms a minority government with Alex Salmond taking on the post of first minister.
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1. A Written Constitution for Scotland
Summary
Scotland should have a written constitution which reflects the values of the people of
Scotland. The preparation of a written constitution should commence after independence
under the auspices of the independent Scottish Parliament. It should be for the newly
independent Parliament to devise the process and timetable for the drafting of the
constitution. The Government’s view is that the process of shaping the new constitution
should be participative and command the support of the whole of Scotland. When the
process of determining the constitution gets underway, the Scottish Government will be
just one of many voices. However, the Scottish Government will propose provisions that
encapsulate the collective expression of values that we hold dear in Scotland, as well as
protect individual rights. These will include provisions to strengthen individual rights in
areas such as homelessness and education; prevent weapons of mass destruction being
based in Scotland; and prevent the government from engaging in illegal wars.
中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定
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Independence for Scotland
1.1 An independent Scotland will ensure that decisions about Scotland are taken by the
people who care most about it – those who live and work here. The Scottish Parliament is
already responsible for important issues such as the health service, education and the
protection of the environment. Independence will complete the powers of the Parliament,
making it fully responsible for the economy, welfare and international relations.
1.2 The Scottish Government advocates independence not as an end in itself, but as a
means of creating a better Scotland, now and for future generations. An independent
Scottish Government will be better able to sustain a stable economy that works for the
many not the few; create wealth to support strong public services; manage the country’s
vast resources more responsibly; and ensure that all of the people of Scotland have the
chance to reach their full potential.
1.3 Independence is the natural state of affairs for countries across the world. Following
a ‘yes’ vote in the referendum, Scotland will make its own transition to independence,
becoming an independent state in the international community and having, from
independence day onwards, the powers we need to build the kind of country we want to
be, while continuing the strong social union which will always bind Scotland to the rest of
the United Kingdom
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A written constitution
1.4 The Scottish Government’s proposal is that an independent Scotland should have a
written constitution which expresses our values, embeds the rights of its citizens and sets
out clearly how institutions of state interact with each other and serve the people. This will
contrast with the UK’s largely unwritten constitution in which the Westminster Parliament
can do anything except bind its successors. The Westminster system has sometimes led
to major decisions being taken by the government without the possibility of challenge (for
example, the decision to go to war in Iraq in 2003). There has long been a distinct Scottish
constitutional tradition, affirmed by the Scottish Parliament as recently as January 2012 -
the sovereignty of the Scottish people and their right to choose the form of government
best suited to their needs.
1.5 The creation of Scotland’s written constitution should engage all the people of
Scotland in the process of nation-building and allow them a say in defining how our
country will work. Once in place, a written constitution will be accessible and
comprehensible - improving transparency about the workings of the state, enabling the
creation of a good society and a fully functioning democracy, embodying the values of the
people of Scotland and giving citizens rights that cannot be taken away by a decision of
Parliament.
“All honor to Jefferson - to the man who, in the concrete pressure of a
struggle for national independence by a single people, had the coolness,
forecast, and capacity to introduce into a merely revolutionary document,
an abstract truth, applicable to all men and all times, and so to embalm it
there, that to-day, and in all coming days, it shall be a rebuke and a
stumbling-block to the very harbingers of re-appearing tyranny and
oppression.” - Abraham Lincoln1
1.6 A written constitution should be prepared in a spirit of national unity. The right time
for a written constitution to be drafted is therefore after independence, not before. At that
point the people of Scotland, whatever their views in the referendum, will be able to
engage fully in the process of planning for our country’s future.
1.7 The process by which Scotland adopts a written constitution is almost as important
as its content. The process of agreeing and enacting the constitution should ensure that it
reflects the fundamental constitutional truth - that the people, rather than politicians or
state institutions, are the sovereign authority in Scotland. The Scottish Government
proposes that a newly elected independent Scottish Parliament should convene a
constitutional convention to draft the written constitution. In taking this path, Scotland will
be following in the footsteps of many other countries, not least the United States of
America, whose constitutional convention in 1787 drafted the Constitution of the United
States.
The Constitutional Convention of the United States of America
- 55 delegates from the several states met over four months in 1787 in
Philadelphia to frame a Constitution for a federal republic.
- General George Washington was unanimously elected president of the
convention.
- Draft constitution signed on 17 September 1787.
- The preamble to the constitution states: “We the people of the United
States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure
domestic Tranquillity, provide for the common defence, promote the
general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and
our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the
United States of America.”
1.8 As the post-independence Scottish constitutional convention will convene under the
auspices of the Scottish Parliament, the remit and membership of the convention should
be a matter for the Parliament to determine. The Parliament should also determine the
process by which the constitution produced by the convention will become the constitution
of Scotland.
1.9 The Scottish Government believes a constitutional convention should ensure a
participative and inclusive process where the people of Scotland, as well as politicians,
civic society organisations, business interests, trade unions and others, will have a direct
role in shaping the constitution. We therefore propose that international best practice and
the practical experience of other countries and territories should be considered and taken
into account in advance of the determination of the process for the constitutional
convention. In the last decade, citizen-led assemblies and constitutional conventions have
been convened in British Columbia (2004), the Netherlands (2006), Ontario (2007) and
Iceland (2010). In 2012, Ireland announced it will hold a citizen-led constitutional
convention to review various constitutional issues. The Irish convention met for the first
time in December 2012.
The Icelandic Constitutional Convention
- The purpose was to review the constitution following banking collapse.
- A National Forum (deliberative and participatory one-day forum of 950
Icelandic citizens) was held in November 2010.
- An Act of Icelandic Parliament was used to convene Icelandic Constitutional
Assembly in 2010.
- 25 non-politician delegates were directly elected in 2010.
- The assembly spent almost 4 months drafting constitution
(April to July 2011).
- A draft constitution was available online in April 2011 and citizens could
comment on a social media site.
- The assembly posted status updates on social media sites.
- A final draft presented to Parliament in July 2011.
- A referendum on draft proposals held in October 2012 (which was
approved).
- The constitution is expected to be passed by the Icelandic Parliament
in the spring of 2013.
1.10 The Scottish Government will be just one of many voices which will contribute to the
debate and help to shape the content of Scotland’s written constitution. However, there
are certain provisions that we believe should be included. In particular:
Everyone in Scotland should be entitled to equality of opportunity and to live free of
discrimination and prejudice. Everyone should be entitled to public services and to
a standard of living that, as a minimum, secures dignity and self-respect and
provides the opportunity for them to realise their full potential both as individuals
and as members of wider society. The Scottish Parliament has promoted equality
and given rights to vulnerable citizens (for example, by putting in place the most
progressive homelessness legislation in Europe). Equally, the Scottish Government
has taken steps to protect the principles of free education and health care. The
constitution should therefore provide a collective expression of the positive values
that the people share and a constitutional convention should consider how to further
embed equality and human rights within the constitution and the extent to which the
people of Scotland should have constitutional rights in relation to issues such as
welfare, pensions, health care and education.
Scotland’s natural resources are vital to the future success of an independent
Scotland. We believe a constitutional convention should examine how principles on
climate change, the environment and the sustainable use of Scotland’s natural
resources should be constitutionally protected to embed Scotland’s commitment to
sustainable development and responsible and sustained economic growth.
We believe that nuclear weapons have no place in Scotland. We will therefore
advocate that a written constitution should include a constitutional ban on nuclear
weapons being based in Scotland.
Many countries around the world place constitutional controls on the use of military
power. We believe that a constitutional convention should examine the war powers
of an independent Scottish Government and ensure a role for an independent
Scottish Parliament in monitoring the use of those powers.
“The goal of a ‘free Scotland’ in the favoured sense must be taken as prescribing
the freedom and equality of all citizens regardless of creed, class or ethnic origins,
and the free participation of them all as equals in the process of self-government.
In a word, democracy. It must also, however be understood as requiring what our
forebears such as George Buchanan and David Hume used to call a ‘free
government’, that is a government which is not only freely chosen by the people
but which conducts the business of government with respect to the freedom under
law of each citizen and of all of them in such associations as they pursue. In a
word, constitutionalism.” – Professor Sir Neil MacCormick
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2. A Constitutional Platform for Independence
Summary
As indicated in the previous section, the process of developing a written constitution will be
a matter for the newly independent Scottish Parliament. However, a strong constitutional
platform will require to be in place from the moment Scotland becomes independent until
the adoption of a written constitution. The Scottish Government’s intention is that after a
‘yes’ vote in 2014, arrangements will be made, in the spirit of the Edinburgh Agreement,
for the transfer of sovereignty to the people of Scotland in time for the 2016 Scottish
Parliamentary elections and for a constitutional platform to be put in place that will provide
the basis on which our independent Parliament and Government will operate. That
platform would comprise the legal, financial and other arrangements necessary to ensure
that Scotland is able to function effectively and its Government and Parliament are able to
work on behalf of the people of Scotland across the full range of national issues. Under the
Edinburgh Agreement the referendum will be made in Scotland. That principle should
apply equally to Scotland’s constitutional platform. Accordingly, during the transition, the
Scottish Parliament should have the leading role in passing legislation to give effect to
independence and bring into force the platform that will deliver the secure basis for the
government of an independent Scotland, elected in 2016, to take forward its priorities from
day one.
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A smooth and co-operative transition
2.1 Historical examples such as the reunification of Germany in 1990 and
independence for the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993 show that after a
democratically agreed and accepted expression of political will, countries can make
significant constitutional changes happen in months rather than years. Of new states
which have become UN members since 1945, 30 became independent following a
referendum on independent statehood with the average length of time between the
referendum and independence day being approximately 15 months.
Transition to independence for Czech Republic and Slovakia
- On 5-6 June 1992 general elections were held across Czechoslovakia.
- The Slovakian National Council passed a declaration of sovereignty on
17 July 1992.
- Czech/Slovak talks to achieve the legitimacy of ending the Federation
took place in July 1992. Agreement was also reached to abolish some
bodies, split others and transform others into joint-stock companies.
- Further talks were held in August 1992 which agreed an independence
day of 1 January 1993 and set a timetable for a controlled transition to
two separate states.
- On 1 September 1992, the Slovakian National Council adopted a
constitution for Slovakia (some clauses coming into force on 1 October
1992 and others only on independence).
- Independence for both states took place on 1 January 1993.
- Treaties between Czech and Slovak republics were agreed both before
and after independence.
2.2 In the Edinburgh Agreement, the Scottish and UK Governments have committed to
work together constructively in light of the outcome of the referendum in the best interests
of the people of Scotland and the rest of the United Kingdom. Following a vote for
independence in 2014, agreements will be reached between the Scottish and UK
Governments, in the spirit of the Agreement, setting the parameters for Scotland’s
transition to independence. These agreements would establish:
the timetable towards independence day – which the Scottish Government would
intend to be in March 2016, just before the start of the 2016 election campaign;
the key requirements and characteristics of the constitutional platform for an
independent Scotland that will require to be in place for the new Parliament and
Government elected in 2016, to fulfil their functions; and
the process and timetable for the negotiation and conclusion of the agreements
which will form the final independence settlement. Issues to be resolved would
include the division of financial and other assets and liabilities (including oil
revenues and assignation of other tax revenues, military bases and overseas
assets), the transfer to the Scottish Parliament and Government of political authority
over institutions previously controlled at Westminster, the ongoing co-operative
arrangements that the peoples of Scotland, England, Wales and Northern Ireland
would share, and the timetable for the speediest safe removal of weapons of mass destruction from Scotland. Of course, some matters may continue to be discussed
after independence (as was the case, for example, with the Czech Republic and
Slovakia).
2.3 In addition to discussions with the UK, negotiations will be required in advance of
independence with the European Union to agree the terms of an independent Scotland’s
continuing membership. The Scottish Government believes that Scotland should continue
to be a member of the EU. Scotland benefits from EU membership and the EU benefits
from having Scotland as a member. An independent Scotland with its own membership of
the EU would work closely and constructively with partners across these islands and
across the EU to advance our shared interests.
2.4 Scotland would continue to be part of the UK – and, therefore, an integral part of
the EU – during these negotiations. Scotland is a nation that benefits from being part of
the EU, and has extensive assets - fishing, oil and gas and renewables - as well as being
an export market for other member states and having an education system used by over
16,000 EU students. The economic, social and political interests of the EU will be best
served by Scotland remaining in continuous membership. The UK and Scottish
Governments, along with the EU institutions and member states, will therefore have a
shared interest in working together to conclude these negotiations to transfer Scotland’s
EU membership from membership as part of the UK to membership as an independent
member state.
Timeline of German reunification and East German entry to EU
- 9 November 1989 - Berlin wall falls.
- January 1990 - EEC Commission President Jacques Delors announces
route to East German membership under unification.
- 18 May 1990 - East and West German governments sign Treaty on the
Creation of an Economic, Currency and Social Union.
- 1 July 1990 - East Germany adopts large parts of the economic and legal
order of the Federal Republic, including 80% of EEC laws.
- 31 August 1990 – West and East Germany sign Treaty on the
Establishment of the Unity of Germany.
- 3 October 1990 – German reunification comes into effect and former
East Germany becomes part of EEC.
2.5 In addition to negotiations with the UK and EU, pre-independence negotiations will
be pursued with other international organisations that Scotland is already a member of as
part of the UK. This will ensure that Scotland will become an independent member of
these organisations as quickly as possible, in accordance with the particular rules of each
organisation. Scotland will be a good global citizen, representing its interests and reflecting
the values of our people within the forums of the world.
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Preparations for the transition
2.6 Following an expression of popular will in the referendum, it will be right that
preparations for independence move ahead swiftly. It is therefore in the interests of the
peoples of Scotland and the rest of the UK for the Scottish and UK Governments to
prepare for the outcome of the referendum. Both governments have a duty, in advance of
the referendum, to engage in preparatory discussions to exchange the factual information
that will be required to underpin the post-referendum negotiations and develop an
understanding of the issues that will require to be agreed after a ‘yes’ vote and the
approaches that will be taken to concluding those agreements. The Electoral Commission
has recommended that the Scottish and UK Governments should engage in such
discussions to agree the process that will follow a yes vote. The Scottish Government
agrees and looks to the UK Government to work with it to that end.
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The Transition
2.7 Following a ‘yes’ vote in the referendum, the Scottish Government will invite
representatives from the other parties in the Scottish Parliament, together with
representatives of Scottish civic society, to join the Government in negotiating the
independence settlement and in ensuring the continuity of those public services which are
in reserved areas.
2.8 For centuries, it has been acknowledged that the people of Scotland have the
sovereign right to determine the form of government best suited to their needs.
Independence day will mark the point at which the full exercise of that sovereignty is
restored to the Scottish people. It is the intention of the Scottish Government that,
following a 'yes' vote, independence for Scotland would immediately precede the Scottish
Parliamentary elections in 2016. The newly elected Parliament will then be the Parliament
of an independent Scotland.
2.9 The transition to independence in advance of the 2016 election will enable the
independent Scottish Government elected in 2016 to move ahead with building a more
prosperous and socially just Scotland. It will also demonstrate to Scotland’s overseas
partners, to business and to other stakeholders that the process to achieve political
independence will be an orderly and collaborative one, and reinforce the reputation of
Scotland and rest of the UK as places where democratic choices are respected and
decisive and where constitutional change can be carried forward in a stable and orderly
way.
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A constitutional platform for independence made in Scotland
2.10 As set out in chapter 1, the process and timetable for establishing a written
constitution should be a matter for the new independent Scottish Parliament elected in
2016. However, until that constitution is drafted and comes into force, arrangements will be
in place from independence day to consolidate the existing rights of citizens and give the
Scottish Parliament and Government the legal, financial and other powers necessary to
govern Scotland effectively across the full range of national issues. These arrangements
will form Scotland’s constitutional platform.
2.11 Scotland already has many of the institutions that a modern independent state
needs: a modern parliament elected by proportional representation, a government, civil
service, independent judiciary and legal system. The constitutional platform will give
Scotland the remaining institutions it needs to function as an independent country.
2.12 Since devolution, the democratic voice of Scotland and locus of constitutional
change for Scotland has been the Scottish Parliament. The Sewel Convention and the
forthcoming Referendum Bill are representations of the modern constitutional reality that
constitutional change is no longer designed on Scotland’s behalf by Westminster, but
made by the sovereign people of Scotland themselves through their democratically elected
Scottish Government and Scottish Parliament. Therefore, just as with the Edinburgh
Agreement, the Scottish people will expect the Scottish Government and Parliament to
have the leading role in legislating for the creation of a constitutional platform for an
independent Scotland.
2.13 While the leading part of the constitutional platform should be made in Scotland,
part of the platform will involve Westminster passing legislation, for example to
acknowledge the end of its power to legislate for Scotland. Westminster has taken
equivalent steps before, for example, under the Malta Independence Act 1964 and the
1931 Statute of Westminster.
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Constitutional Platform: Content
2.14 The constitutional platform will enable the transfer of sovereignty from Westminster
to Scotland. In particular, it will:
-give the Scottish Parliament powers to declare independent statehood for Scotland
in the name of the sovereign people of Scotland;
-remove the central effects of the 1707 Treaty of Union and acknowledge the end of
the power of Westminster to make laws for Scotland;
-provide in law for the sovereign right of the Scottish people to determine the form of
government best suited to their needs;
-extend the powers of the Scottish Parliament and Scottish Government into all
policy areas whilst retaining the separation of powers between executive and
legislature;
-provide for the transition of Scotland’s status in the EU from membership as part of
the UK to independent membership;
-consolidate the protection of human rights in Scotland so that all ECHR human
rights are protected as they are for devolved matters under the Scotland Act 1998,
bringing Scotland fully into the European mainstream of human rights protection;
-provide for the continuity of the monarchy in Scotland;
-implement agreements between the Scottish and UK Governments;
-provide for Scots law, including laws in all currently reserved areas, to continue
after independence unless specifically amended;
-establish a Scottish Treasury function to enable the Scottish Government to control
and manage Scotland’s public finances. This would build on the work already
underway to establish Revenue Scotland. A Scottish Treasury function would also
ensure that an appropriate macroeconomic framework for an independent Scotland is in place and ready to operate effectively from independence day, in line with
advice from Scotland’s Fiscal Commission Working Group;
-define entitlement to Scottish citizenship on independence day and subsequently;
-enable Scotland to fully participate in the international community and take its place
on the world stage and provide for the continuing application to Scotland of
international arrangements with other countries and international organisations;
-enable Scotland to join international organisations and give the Scottish Parliament
powers to ratify international treaties;
-provide for the Supreme Court of Scotland; and
-ensure that the Scotland Act 1998 is updated to apply in the context of
independence so that the Scottish Government and Parliament adapt smoothly to
independence.
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After independence
2.15 After Scotland becomes independent, the first elections to an independent Scottish
Parliament will be held in May 2016. The Scottish Government will preserve continuity
between independence day and the election, as it does now during Scottish Parliamentary
elections. It will be for the Scottish Government and Parliament elected in 2016 to decide
how to take an independent Scotland forward. While many things will initially be unaffected
on independence, over time changes will be made by Parliament in order to serve the
citizens of an independent Scotland in the best way possible.
2.16 When the Scottish Parliament was reconvened in 1999, Scotland embarked on an
historic journey. That journey will continue after a ‘yes’ vote in 2014. Independence will
complete the powers of the Scottish Parliament and equip it to build a thriving, selfconfident,
democratic independent European country in the years to follow. Independence
will allow the people of Scotland to elect a government and a Parliament that reflects their
views and values, and allow our government and Parliament to make the best decisions
for Scotland. Scotland’s journey is not an event, but a process that continues, and
independence will enable the sovereign people of Scotland to choose their future for
themselves.
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Wyszperane w sieci, sierpień 2019
September 8, 2019
Becker, J. The Global Machine Behind the Rise of Far-Right Nationalism. The New York Times.
Smith, M. Left-wing vs right-wing: it’s complicated. YouGov.
O’Neill, T. Review – Nathan Johnstone “The New Atheism: Myth and History”. History for Atheist.
Novella, S. False Memories and Fake News. Neurologica.
Callard, A. The Devil’s Advocate’s Advocate. The Point Magazine.
Bright, L. K. On The Unity of Science, or - All Philosophy Is Political!. The Sooty Empiric.
Grant, R. Could philosophy save Ireland? RTE.
Ahlstrom-Vij, K. How to vote well. Open For Debate.
Grant, C. Is it impossible to be fair?. Phenomenal World.
Callard, A. Why Philosophers Shouldn’t Sign Petitions. The New York Times.
Traldi, O. When Is Something “Politicized”?. Arc Digital.
Javdani, M., & Chang, H.-J. Mohsen Javdani and Ha-Joon Chang. Institute for New Economic Thinking.
Lambert, H. The great university con: how the British degree lost its value. New Statesman.


Simulations¶
CBM offers many methods inteded for model analysis.
Note: arguments inside brackets [ ]
denote keyword arguments, for example
flux balance analysis
is defined as
fba(model; [direction = "max"])
meaning you can equivalently call:
fba(model)
fba(model, "max")
fba(model, direction = "max")
- Flux Balance Analysis
- Flux Variability Analysis
- Find blocked reactions
- Synthetic Lethal Genes
- Robustness Analysis
- Find Dead End Metabolites
- Find Essential Genes
- Find Exchange Reactions
- Find Reactions From Gene
- Find Reactions From Metabolite
- Gene Deletion
- Knockout Genes
- Knockout Reactions
- Print Reaction Formula
- Reaction Info
Flux Balance Analysis¶
fba()
is a mathematical method for simulating metabolism in genome-scale reconstructions of metabolic networks, by optimizing the network w.r.t (usually) the reactions responsible for the organisms growth:
fba(model; [direction = "max", objective = 0])
direction
may be either"max"
or"min"
objective
may be either an integer index or reaction name as it appears inmodel.rxns
Example¶
To maximize the default objective function:
julia> fba(model)
FBAsolution:
obj:: 0.873922
v:: 95 element-array
slack:: 72 element-array
rcosts:: 95 element-array
success:: Optimal
info:: SolverInfo("glpk","GLP_OPT")
To maximize “ADK1”:
julia> fba(model, objective = "ADK1")
FBAsolution:
obj:: 166.610000
v:: 95 element-array
slack:: 72 element-array
rcosts:: 95 element-array
success:: Optimal
info:: SolverInfo("glpk","GLP_OPT")
To maximize the reaction number 14:
julia> fba(model, objective = 14)
FBAsolution:
obj:: 11.104242
v:: 95 element-array
slack:: 72 element-array
rcosts:: 95 element-array
success:: Optimal
info:: SolverInfo("glpk","GLP_OPT")
To minimize, use:
julia> fba(model, "min")
FBAsolution:
obj:: 0.000000
v:: 95 element-array
slack:: 72 element-array
rcosts:: 95 element-array
success:: Optimal
info:: SolverInfo("glpk","GLP_OPT")
or fba(model, objective = "min")
Where
sol.obj
the objective valuesol.v
represents the solution vectorsol.slack
represents the slacksol.rcosts
represents the reduced costssol.info
details solver information
Flux Variability Analysis¶
Returns the minimum and maximum flux of every reaction in the model
Note: This method may run in parallel
fva(model::Model, [optPercentage = 1, flux_matrix = false])
optPercentage
: Fix the lower bound of the biomass reaction (or objective reaction) to a fraction of its maximum possible value.flux_matrix
: In addition to minimum and maximum fluxes, return the entire solution flux for every reaction.
Example¶
To calculate the minimum and maximum flux values of every reaction with biomass fixed at 50% of its maximum value:
minFlux, maxFlux = fva(model, 0.5)
To calculate the flux values of every reaction for every reactions minimum flux and maximum flux, call:
minFlux, maxFlux, minFluxArray, maxFluxArray = fva(model, 1, true)
Find blocked reactions¶
Locate every reaction that is constrianed to zero flux in every case:
blocked_reactions = (model::Model, [tolerance::Number = 1e-10])
Where tolerance represents how close to absolute 0.0 the reaction flux must lie
Example¶
For ecoli core:
julia> find_blocked_reactions(model)
8-element Array{Any,1}:
"EX_fru_e"
"EX_fum_e"
"EX_gln__L_e"
"EX_mal__L_e"
"FRUpts2"
"FUMt2_2"
"GLNabc"
"MALt2_2"
Synthetic Lethal Genes¶
Check the model for essential genes, conditionally essential genes and non-essential genes
Returns a SLG
type, which contains the fields ess
, cond_ess
and non_ess
,:
synthetic_lethal_genes(model, cutoff = 0.1, num_runs = 100)
where cutoff
represents the minimum biomass flux as a fraction of the wild-type flux.
num_runs
indicates how many times the algorithm runs, higher number gives better results, but takes longer.
Example¶
To find essentiality with biomass fixed at 0.1
in 200 runs:
julia> slg = synthetic_lethal_genes(model, 0.1, 200)
run 200 of 200 Number of conditionally essential genes found: 115
Type: SLG
Field Contains Size
ess Essential: 7
cond_ess Conditional Essential: 115
non_ess Non-Essential: 15
ess
, essential genes¶
Those genes, that if disabled, make biomass production ratio to the wild type drop below 10%. The field slg.ess is a Dict()
containing the gene indices and the resulting biomass production after their deletion
cond_ess
, conditionally essential¶
Those genes, that if disabled along with some other genes will make the biomass production ratio to the wild type drop below 10%. The field slg.cond_ess is a Dict()
containing the conditionally-essential genes and all the gene-combinations that were checked that reduced the biomass below 10%.
Example
^^^^^^^ entry in this dictionary may be
90 => Any[Any[89,74,12,79,67], Any[92,95,67]]
meaning that disabling gene 90 along with either genes 89,74,12,79,67 or 92,95,67, brought the biomass below 10%
non_ess
, non-essential genes¶
Genes that never have the effect of making the biomass production ratio to the wild type ratio drop below 10%. This is an array containing the indices of the genes that never brought the biomass below 10%
Robustness Analysis¶
Perform a robustness analysis for any number of fixed reactions, specified by indices or reaction names:
solution = robustness_analysis(model, reactions, [objective = 0, pts = [], direction = "max"])
The method can either be called with reaction names or with reaction indices.
objective
reaction can be chosen, either as the reaction name, such as"BIOMASS_Ecoli_core_w_GAM"
or as an index, such as13
. If left blank it defaults to the default objective of the modelpts
is an array used to specify how many points are tested for each reaction, if left blank, it creates 20 points for each reaction
** direction``** represents the optimization direction, either ``"min"
or "max"
which is the default.
The function returns a type Robustness
which has fields
result
which the flux values for the objective function at every point checkedreactions
, the indices of the reactions (in case you forgot)ranges
arrays with the flux value at every point for every checked reaction
The methods range()
, getindex
and size()
can be used with the type, see below for examples of these methods
Example¶
Robustness analysis for “ACONTb” at 10 points¶
To see how the biomass of e_coli_core behaves if the flow of "ACONTb"
is fixed at 10 different points between its minimum and maximum:
julia> robust_sol = robustness_analysis(model, ["ACONTb"], "BIOMASS_Ecoli_core_w_GAM", [10])
Robustness Analysis
result : (10,) Array
ranges :
reaction : range:
5 : (0.0,20.0)
We see that "ACONTb"
(reaction number 5) has a minimum flux of 0.0
, and maximum flux of 20.0
.
result
: To view the objective flux values type robust_sol.result
or robust_sol[:]
:
julia> robust_sol.result
10-element Array{Float64,1}:
0.0
0.840743
0.862473
0.87021
0.786928
0.629543
0.472157
0.314771
0.157386
0.0
ranges
: To view the range of flux values "ACONTb"
is fixed at, type ``robust_sol.ranges:
julia> robust_sol.ranges
1-element Array{Array{Float64,1},1}:
[0.0,2.22222,4.44444,6.66667,8.88889,11.1111,13.3333,15.5556,17.7778,20.0]
range()
: This method can be used to find where the objective function (the biomass) lies inside a range.
To see for which points the biomass lies between 0.3
and 0.7
type:
julia> range(robust_sol, 0.3, 0.7)
3-element Array{Tuple{Int64},1}:
(6,)
(7,)
(8,)
so when "ACONTb"
is fixed at either 6, 7 or 8, the biomass will have a flux in that range
getindex()
: To view the biomass flux at point 6:
julia> robust_sol[6]
0.6295425429111932
and to plot (if Plots.jl
is installed):
plot(robust_sol.ranges[1], robust_sol[:])
Robustness analysis for “GLUSy” and “PGM”, both at 20 points¶
To see how the biomass of e_coli_core behaves if the flow of "GLUSy"
and "PGM"
is fixed at 20
different points:
julia> robust_sol = robustness_analysis(model, ["GLUSy", "PGM"], "BIOMASS_Ecoli_core_w_GAM", [20,20])
Robustness Analysis
result : (20,20) Array
ranges :
reaction : range:
55 : (0.0,166.61)
77 : (-20.0,-0.0)
We see that "GLUSy"
(reaction 55) has minimum value of 0.0
and maximum of 166.61
, while "PGM"
minimum is -20.0
and maximum 0.0
range()
: To see for which points the biomass lies between 0.3
and 0.32
type:
julia> range(robust_sol, 0.3,0.32)
6-element Array{Tuple{Int64,Int64},1}:
(16,10)
(14,11)
(10,12)
(11,12)
(4,13)
(5,13)
getindex()
: To view the biomass flux at point (14,11)
:
julia> robust_sol[14,11]
0.30173110378482915
To plot the 3D surface of the matrix of fluxes, robust_sol[:,:]
, do (if Plots.jl
is installed):
surface(robust_sol[:,:])
Robustness analysis for reactions 5, 22 and 76¶
To see how reaction 13 (biomass reaction) behaves is reactions 5 ("ACONTb"
), 22 ("EX_akg_e"
) and 76 ("PGL"
) are all fixed in 20
different points:
julia> robust_sol = robustness_analysis(model, [5,22,76], 13, [20,20,20])
Robustness Analysis
result : (20,20,20) Array
ranges :
reaction : range:
5 : (-0.0,20.0)
22 : (0.0,10.0)
76 : (0.0,60.0)
All the reactions have a minimum flux of 0.0
. Reaction 5 has a maximum flow of 20.0
, reaction 22 has a maximum of 10.0
and reaction 76 has a maximum flow of 76.0
getindex()
: To view the biomass flux at point at all points for reaction 5, while reaction 22 and 76 are fixed at their maximum:
julia> robust_sol[:,20,20]
20-element Array{Float64,1}:
0.0
0.0
.
.
.
0.0
0.0
Find Dead End Metabolites¶
Return those metabolites that are only produced and only consumed:
find_deadend_metabolites(model, [lbfilter = true])
By default, those metabolites with a positive lower bound are filtered out of the results
Example¶
julia> idx = find_deadend_metabolites(model)
5-element Array{Int64,1}:
30
32
37
49
60
Find Essential Genes¶
Return a list of those genes, which would, if knocked out, bring the objective flux beneath that
specified by min_growth
essential = find_essential_genes(model, min_growth)
Example¶
Find those genes that would bring biomass production beneath 0.01:
julia> find_essential_genes(model,0.01)
2-element Array{String,1}:
"b2416"
"b2415"
Note that min_growth represents the actual growth, not a percentage of the wild-type growth. For min growth of 0.1%, do:
julia> find_essential_genes(model,0.001 * fba(model).f)
2-element Array{String,1}:
"b2416"
"b2415"
Find Exchange Reactions¶
Return either the indices or names of the exchange reactions in the model:
find_exchange_reactions(model, [output = "index"])
output
can be eitherindex
orname
Example¶
julia> find_exchange_reactions(model, "name")
20-element Array{String,1}:
"EX_ac_e"
"EX_acald_e"
"EX_akg_e"
"EX_co2_e"
"EX_etoh_e"
"EX_for_e"
"EX_fru_e"
"EX_fum_e"
"EX_glc__D_e"
"EX_gln__L_e"
"EX_glu__L_e"
"EX_h_e"
"EX_h2o_e"
"EX_lac__D_e"
"EX_mal__L_e"
"EX_nh4_e"
"EX_o2_e"
"EX_pi_e"
"EX_pyr_e"
"EX_succ_e"
Find Reactions From Gene¶
Return the indices of those reactions affected by a specified gene
, specified by name or index, and output can be either “index” or “name”:
find_reactions_from_gene(model, gene, [output = "index"])
output
can be eitherindex
orname
Example¶
To find the indices of those reactions affected by gene “s0001”:
julia> find_reactions_from_gene(model, "s0001", "index")
5-element Array{Int64,1}:
2
14
58
69
70
Example¶
Find the names of the reactions affected by gene number 3 in model.genes:
julia> find_reactions_from_gene(model, 3, "name")
5-element Array{String,1}:
"ACALDt"
"CO2t"
"H2Ot"
"NH4t"
"O2t"
Find Reactions From Metabolite¶
Find those reactions a specified metabolite appears in, the metabolite either specified by its name as it appears in model.mets, or by its index:
find_reactions_from_metabolite(model, metabolite, [output = "index"])
output
can be eitherindex
orname
orformula
Example¶
To find the indices of those reactions where “cit_c” appears:
julia> find_reactions_from_metabolite(model, "cit_c")
2-element Array{Int64,1}:
4
15
Gene Deletion¶
Perform single- or double-gene deletion on the model, or the n-th gene deletion:
gene_deletion(model, n)
Lets do a double gene deletion
:
gene_del_sol = gene_deletion(model,2)
gene_deletion()
returns a GeneDeletion object, which containts the fields r_f
, r_f
and g_f
r_f
, stands forreaction_flux
, and contains aDict()
where the keys are combinations of reaction indices, and the corresponding flux-value as a fraction of the wild type, if these reactions are disabled, for example:julia> gene_del_sol.r_f Dict{Any,Any} with 684 entries: Any[52,90] => 0.982133 Any[55,81] => 1.0 Any[57,95] => 0.0 Any[2,14,70,81] => 0.241601 #knocking out reactions 52 ("GLNabc") and 90 ("SUCOAS") #brings the biomass to 98% of its maximum
r_g
, stands forreaction_genecombo
, and contains aDict()
where keys are reaction combinations, and the values are arrays of the gene combinations that result in the knockout of the reaction combination:julia> a.r_g Dict{Any,Any} with 684 entries: Any[57,65] => Any[String["b2029","b1479"]] Any[8,71,92] => Any[String["b0116","b1602"],String["b0116","b1603"]] Any[60,75] => Any[String["b4015","b2926"]] # so knocking out either both "b0116" and "b1602", or both "b0116" and "b1603" # will knock out reactions 8 ("AKGDH"), 71 ("PDH") and 92 ("THD2") # but knocking out reactions 57 ("GND") and 65 ("ME1") can only be achieved # by knocking out "b2029" and "b1479"
g_f
, stands forgene_flux
, and comtains aDict()
where keys are gene-combinations and the values are the flux-value as a fraction of the wild type, if the gene-combination in the key is knocked out:julia> a.g_f Dict{Any,Any} with 9453 entries: String["b0809","b3952"] => 1.0 String["b2280","b2458"] => 0.242199 # knocking out "b0809" and "b3952" wont have any effect # "b2280" and "b2458" brings the biomass flux down to 24% of the wild-type flux
Knockout Genes¶
Perform fba after knocking out a set of genes, specified either by indices or their names.
Return a GeneKnockout type with fields growth
, flux
, disabled
and affected
:
knockout_genes(model, gene_index)
knockout_genes(model, gene_name)
Example¶
To view the effect of knocking out genes ,”b1849” (gene 4), “b3731” (gene 16) and “b0115” (gene 99):
julia> knockout_genes(model, ["b1849", "b3731", "b0115"])
Type: GeneKnockout
Fields
growth : 0.374230
flux : Array{Float64,1}
disabled : [12,71]
affected ::
gene: reactions:
gene_016 : [12]
gene_004 : [3]
gene_099 : [71]
knockout_genes()
returns a GeneKnockout
type, which has the fields growth
, flux
, disabled
and affected
growth
is simply the biomass reaction (or the objective reactions) flux after the knockout of the genesflux
is the entire solution vector, containing the flux values of every reaction in the modeldisabled
is an array containing the indices of the reactions that get disabled, reaction12
is"ATPS4r"
and reaction71
is"PDH"
affected
is aDict()
, where the keys are the gene names and values are arrays of the reactions that are affected but not necessarily knocked out by that gene
Knockout Reactions¶
An algorithm that attempts to return those genes that can be knocked out to disable a specified set of reactions
The reactions can be specified as a single reaction by name or index, or as an array of multiple names or indices:
knockout_reactions(model, reaction)
knockout_reactions(model, reactions)
Example¶
See if “ACONTb” (reaction 5) can be disabled:
julia> knockout_reactions(model,5)
1-element Array{Array,1}:
[8; 7]
So knocking out genes 8 and 7 will disable reaction 5
Print Reaction Formula¶
Print the formula for a specified reaction specified by name or string:
print_reaction_formula(model, reaction)
Example¶
To print the formula for “ACONTb” (reaction 5):
julia> print_reaction_formula(model,"ACONTb")
1.0 acon_C_c + 1.0 h2o_c -> 1.0 icit_c
# or
julia> print_reaction_formula(model,5)
1.0 acon_C_c + 1.0 h2o_c -> 1.0 icit_c
Reaction Info¶
Print out the information for a reaction specified by name or string:
reaction_info(model, reaction)
Example¶
View reaction information for “ACONTb” (reaction 5)
julia> reaction_info(model, "ACONTb") # or reaction_info(model, 5)
Reaction Name: Aconitase (half-reaction B, Isocitrate hydro-lyase)
Reaction ID: ACONTb
Lower Bound: -1000.0
Upper Bound: 1000.0
Subsystem: Citric Acid Cycle
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Metabolite Coefficient
acon_C_c -1.0
h2o_c -1.0
icit_c 1.0
----------------------------------
b3115 || b2296 || b1849


---
layout: single
title: OCFA - Creating Custom Modules
date: '2009-02-24T02:03:00.000+09:00'
author: Joshua James
tags:
modified_time: '2012-06-17T06:41:13.383+09:00'
blogger_id: tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2701259639305045003.single-7275126221342443951
blogger_orig_url: http://www.cybercrimetech.com/2009/02/ocfa-creating-custom-modules.html
---
I am currently attempting to write custom modules for OCFA. I will have a full run-down when I get everything working, but for now I will single resources I am looking at:
http://linux.die.net/man/1/g++
What you need to do if you can compile, but when testing you get errors about not finding libraries:
http://www.network-theory.co.uk/docs/gccintro/gccintro_25.html


Fits mixtures models for longitudinal data. Appropriate when the data are counts and when the correlation structure is assumed to be AR(1).
| Version: | 0.4 |
| Depends: | Matrix |
| Imports: | Rcpp (≥ 0.10.3) |
| LinkingTo: | Rcpp |
| Published: | 2014-03-05 |
| Author: | Nicholas Henderson and Paul Rathouz |
| Maintainer: | Nicholas Henderson <nhenders at stat.wisc.edu> |
| License: | GPL-2 |
| NeedsCompilation: | yes |
| CRAN checks: | inarmix results |
| Reference manual: | inarmix.pdf |
| Package source: | inarmix_0.4.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: inarmix_0.4.zip, r-release: inarmix_0.4.zip, r-oldrel: inarmix_0.4.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: inarmix_0.4.tgz, r-oldrel: inarmix_0.4.tgz |
| Old sources: | inarmix archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=inarmix to link to this page.


Upstream Academy P. O. Box 1147 828 Great Northern Blvd Helena, MT 59624-1147 (P)<PHONE_NUMBER> (F)<PHONE_NUMBER><EMAIL_ADDRESS>Guiding accounting firms to high performance upstreamacademy.com


{% extends 'base.html' %} {% load bootstrap_form from bootstrap4 %} {% load staticfiles %} {% load i18n %} {% load placeholder %} {% block title %}{% trans "Account deleted" context "Account deleted page title" %} — {{ block.super }}{% endblock %} {% block content %}
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--- layout: post title: Then Shaphan the secretary told the king date: '2014-05-13T08:31:11-05:00' tags: - Books - The Law tumblr_url: http://theabellsix.tumblr.com/post/85621539122/then-shaphan-the-secretary-told-the-king-hilkiah ---
Then Shaphan the secretary told the king, “Hilkiah the priest has given me a book.” And Shaphan read it before the king.—2 Kings 22:10 — This is an unbelievably moving moment in the history of Israel. Josiah valiantly tried to do what was right for Judah, but it was too little, too late.


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12 MONKEYS
A film review by Marie Niemec
Copyright 1996 Marie Niemec
STARRING: Bruce Willis, Brad Pitt, Madeleine Stowe DIRECTOR: Terry Gilliam Rating: 2 stars out of 5
If you've seen the trailers or commercials, it's rather difficult to really figure out what this movie has in store. Well, it's hard to tell after watching the movie as well.
Bruce Willis is a resident of the future, and it is a rather bleak future. The world's population had disintigrated into a mere 200,000 and is no longer ruled by humans but animals. The reason? In 1995, an organization called the army of the 12 monkeys contaminated the world with a pure virus, thus wiping out practically the world's population in a mere month. Bruce Willis' character is one of the surviving few, but is enslaved by scientists, as are most of last living humans. They barter his freedom by sending him on an assignment and having him do the ultimate task: Go into the past, find the leader of the army of the 12 monkeys, and kill him.
Well, this explanation didn't come easy. Although the movie is very thought provoking of us as a people, our future and the evilo in the world, as a story it is very confusing. And dragging. I know a movie isn''t keeping my interest when I fidget in my seat or feel the need to look at my watch only to find that it's only been an hour passed. Terry Gilliam has a certain style that I realize many appreciate, and I haven't watched his previous work Brazil, but this movie felt like it took too long to tell and yet when one realizes the end is near because it is very easy to figure out, you wish it were more complex, and not to mention that the movie is depressing is the only reason why it did invoke emotion from me.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Google News Gets New “Your News Update” Feature
by KellenGoogle News is getting a new feature that aims to provide you with an audio news readout that is ever-evolving throughout your day. It’s a news update or briefing that learns because the day, your location, and interests are constantly changing.
The new feature is called “Your News Update” and you’ll find it by opening up Google Assistant, going into Assistant settings, and finding the News section. From there, you’ll be able to “Change your playlist format” to “Your News Update.” It might not be there this minute, so check back frequently over the next several days in the US.
So how does this differ or offer more than your current audio news update? Google says that it updates the news it’ll read to you “based on your interests, location, user history, and preferences, as well as the top news stories out there.” It starts out by playing a mix of short news stories after you say, “Hey Google play me the news.” If you keep listening, though, you’ll start to get longer-form stories, announcements over who the next article’s publisher is, and more.
As a bonus note, consider adding this “play me the news” option to a morning or evening routine.


Units
Class Hierarchy
Classes, Interfaces, Objects and Records
Types
Variables
Constants
Functions and Procedures
Identifiers
Transform each element in A using a real-valued function func
A
func
copying a matrix
compute covariance matrix
create a matrix with random values
create a matrix filled with x
initialize the engine
free the engine
Delete element in A.val with position pos. Should NOT be used directly on a TDTMatrix.
Delete several elements in A.val with position pos. Should NOT be used directly on a TDTMatrix.
Get column of A from index idx.
Get row of A from index idx.
Get a list of unique values in a TFloatVector.
Insert B into A at column index pos. A and B must have the same height.
B
pos
create a matrix filled with one
helper function to print a matrix using stdout
Set the values in TDTMatrix A at column idx with the values of B
Calculate SVD of X
Swap values in column idx1 with the values in column idx2
Callback function type wrapper
Logistic regression classifier
Gaussian Naive Bayes classifier
holding dataset's class-wise statistic summaries, e.g., 'mean' and stdev
Darkteal matrix representation
Create a matrix from a CSV file.
Please note that TDTMatrixFromCSV can only load a CSV containing numeric values only. The values are stored as floating point numbers.
TDTMatrixFromCSV
Primitive type wrapper
A class to scale the data between 0 and 1.
A class to encode labels in a one-vs-all fashion.
A class to compute principal component analysis
holding dataset statistic summaries, e.g., 'mean' and stdev


Running Hosts
ID
Name
Host
Cores
Memory
Actions
Name
Name
Kill
Stopping
Currently there are no container running.


Please Enter Your Details For Our Dating Website!


Hello there! Here's a little something about my background. It has been a long journey of what we call "Life" for me. Came across so many variations of obstacles growing up. I have learned to earn money and how to work hard at the age of thirteen. I have also learned that in order to get what you want in life, you have to be determined, motivated, to keep moving forward, and don't let anything get in the way. With a design background, I am here in hopes to expand my knowledge in technology and to become more marketable in this growing IT industry! Hope you've enjoyed this short story of mine!
Skills773-732-9963


The labels do not need listeners because they generate no actions. The bottom text field does not need a listener because it will have its text set by the program (this is not an event.) Here is the application. Decide what should go in place of the ten buttons:
Click on a button to see what should go there. (This may not work on some web browsers. The text-only version of the program is in the next page.)


--- title: Hello World! author: Eric McKinney date: '2019-09-03' slug: hello-world categories: [] tags: [] image: caption: '' focal_point: '' editor_options: chunk_output_type: console ---
Hello World! This is my first post. A big shout out to Netlify for hosting this website. Thank you!
Also a big thank you to the HUGO Academic theme template author George Cushen.


VASUDEVA PITTA
FRONT-END NINJA
HTML, CSS, JavaScript
jQuery, React
Adobe Photoshop
Adobe Illustrator
Adobe Premiere
Articulate Storyline
Autodesk Maya
FEATURED WORK
Behance Portfolio
Shopping List App
Pixel Art Maker


Carmelo Anthony is an American professional basketball player in the NBA who plays for the New York Knicks.He was born on May 29, 1984 and he is currenly 33 years of age.
Find Out More about Carmelo AnthonyStats will always be here
This is the roster of the NBA
We update stats very time.
| Name | Points Per Game | Total Rebound Percentage | Assist | layer Efficiency Rating | Win Shares | Field Goal Percentage | 3-Point Field Goal | Free Throw Percentage | Effective Field Goal Percentage | Player Effiency Rating |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carmelo Anthony | 24.8 | 6.6 | 3.1 | P 20.9 | 97.0 | 45.2 | 34.6 | 81.3 | 48.2 | 20.9S |


| 1 | package com.aor.numbers; | |
| 2 | ||
| 3 | import java.util.List; | |
| 4 | ||
| 5 | /** | |
| 6 | * A utility class that aggregates list of numbers | |
| 7 | * into a single integer using various functions. | |
| 8 | */ | |
| 9 | public class ListAggregator { | |
| 10 | private final List<Integer> list; | |
| 11 | ||
| 12 | public ListAggregator(List<Integer> list) { | |
| 13 | this.list = list; | |
| 14 | } | |
| 15 | ||
| 16 | /** | |
| 17 | * Sums all numbers in a list. | |
| 18 | * @return The sum of all the values in the list. | |
| 19 | */ | |
| 20 | public Integer sum() { | |
| 21 | int sum = 0; | |
| 22 | ||
| 23 | for (Integer number : list) | |
| 24 |
1
1. sum : Replaced integer addition with subtraction → KILLED |
sum += number; |
| 25 | ||
| 26 |
1
1. sum : mutated return of Object value for com/aor/numbers/ListAggregator::sum to ( if (x != null) null else throw new RuntimeException ) → KILLED |
return sum; |
| 27 | } | |
| 28 | ||
| 29 | /** | |
| 30 | * Calculates the maximum value in a list. | |
| 31 | * @return The maximum value in the list. | |
| 32 | */ | |
| 33 | public Integer max() { | |
| 34 |
1
1. max : negated conditional → KILLED |
if(list.size() == 0) |
| 35 |
1
1. max : mutated return of Object value for com/aor/numbers/ListAggregator::max to ( if (x != null) null else throw new RuntimeException ) → NO_COVERAGE |
return 0; |
| 36 | ||
| 37 | int max = list.get(0); | |
| 38 | ||
| 39 | for (Integer number : list) | |
| 40 |
2
1. max : changed conditional boundary → SURVIVED 2. max : negated conditional → KILLED |
if (number > max) |
| 41 | max = number; | |
| 42 | ||
| 43 |
1
1. max : mutated return of Object value for com/aor/numbers/ListAggregator::max to ( if (x != null) null else throw new RuntimeException ) → KILLED |
return max; |
| 44 | } | |
| 45 | ||
| 46 | /** | |
| 47 | * Calculates the minimum value in a list. | |
| 48 | * @return The minimum value in the list. | |
| 49 | */ | |
| 50 | public Integer min() { | |
| 51 | int min = Integer.MAX_VALUE; | |
| 52 | ||
| 53 | for (Integer number : list) | |
| 54 |
2
1. min : changed conditional boundary → SURVIVED 2. min : negated conditional → KILLED |
if (number < min) |
| 55 | min = number; | |
| 56 | ||
| 57 |
1
1. min : mutated return of Object value for com/aor/numbers/ListAggregator::min to ( if (x != null) null else throw new RuntimeException ) → KILLED |
return min; |
| 58 | } | |
| 59 | ||
| 60 | /** | |
| 61 | * Counts the number of distinct numbers in a list. | |
| 62 | * @return The number of distinct numbers. | |
| 63 | */ | |
| 64 | public int distinct(IListDeduplicator listDeduplicator) { | |
| 65 | List<Integer> distinct = listDeduplicator.deduplicate(); | |
| 66 | ||
| 67 |
1
1. distinct : replaced return of integer sized value with (x == 0 ? 1 : 0) → KILLED |
return distinct.size(); |
| 68 | } | |
| 69 | } | |
Mutations | ||
| 24 |
1.1 |
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| 26 |
1.1 |
|
| 34 |
1.1 |
|
| 35 |
1.1 |
|
| 40 |
1.1 2.2 |
|
| 43 |
1.1 |
|
| 54 |
1.1 2.2 |
|
| 57 |
1.1 |
|
| 67 |
1.1 |


kube-flux policy UI
Set Kubernetes Cluster Energy Policy
Click to check the current energy signal
Current
Click to choose an energy signal
Green
Yellow
Red


My whole world for the past few years has been the fitness industry and I have always
had an interest in nutrition. I would love to work for a company that is in the yoga, crossfit,
or nutrition community. I am specifically looking forward to learning more about front end design.


---
layout: post
title: ''
date: '2012-01-17T15:31:14-08:00'
tags:
- alex at night
tumblr_url: http://alexhwilliams.tumblr.com/post/16029575254/old-ibm-lotus-apps-are-getting-makeovers-gbs-cto
---
Old IBM Lotus apps are getting makeovers. GBS CTO Jennifer Meade explains.


I don't remember how I got into this show, but I was glad that I did!
Carousel, I have to admit, is not my favourite show. But the chreographer of this society, a lady called June Geissler, made it tremendous fun. She had been a professional dancer, she knew what she wanted and she worked you until she got it. I sweated more for this show than any I have been in before or since, and I loved it.
June had me doing things I would not have believed possible - shoulder lifts, cartwheel lifts, all sorts of things. I loved this show, coming home from every rehearsal drenched in sweat and desperate for the next one!
In these photos, much of the colour from the illuminated backdrops has been killed by the strong flashgun I used. Unfortunately this results in rather dull photos.


Find the best keypoints
Give me the
50
100
200
300
500
800
1200
1600
2000
best keypoints (corner response function)
Sensitivity
Video speed
Multi-scale
Play / pause
Powered by
speedy-vision.js


More than just a moment.
Check out all you can do on Wishlists.
Birthday Gifts for your best friend.
Weddings Registries because I do.
Secret Santas for your loved ones.
A Bridal Shower to celebrate that special addition.
New Year's Presents for the start of something new.
Retirement because you've earned it.


Payment Form
Agency Travel
Raja Ampat, pantai. 2017 February 10, at 10:30 PM
$1.1k/12h
Tour Guide
Saifudin. 2017 February 25, at 1:30 PM
$1.5k/12h
Total Price
$2600
Price includes all taxes
Payment Method
Name on Card
Card Number
CVV
Expiration Date
Make a payment
Already have a paypal Account
Login here
©
EZTRAVEL


Outbreak of TB reported in Derby and Derbyshire
Doctors have diagnosed new cases of the disease in the city
by Oliver AstleyPublic Health England is reporting an outbreak of tuberculosis in Derby.
Three fresh cases of the infectious disease have been reported in the city and one case has been found in Amber Valley.
Medical practitioners in England and Wales have a duty to report certain serious infectious diseases in order to track and control breakouts.
Tuberculosis, often referred to as TB, is a disease that usually affects the lungs.
Symptoms include a persistent cough lasting several weeks, a high temperature, night sweats, weight loss, loss of appetite and swellings in the neck.

A bacterial infection, it usually caught through prolonged exposure to someone who is infected.
The NHS website says: "At risk groups include children living in areas with high rates of TB, people with close family members from countries with high TB rates and people going to live and work with people for more than three months in an area with high rates of TB.
"Treatment for TB usually involves taking antibiotics for several months.
"While TB is a serious condition that can be fatal if left untreated, deaths are rare if treatment is completed.
"Most people do not need to be admitted to hospital during treatment."
The information about the outbreak in Derby and Derbyshire comes from Public Health England's Statutory Notifications of Infectious Diseases report for the week ending Sunday, November 17.


Using XBOX
Welcome to the XBOX help page! This will give a short introduction on the viewer's basic operation.
Please note that versions 1.x.x are based on android-vnc-viewer, so do NOT support encryption nor connecting to OS X.
Please hang on till 2.x.x is released! In the meantime, you can subscribe to the
corresponding issue on GitHub to keep up to date.
Basic Control
After connecting, you start out in View mode, where you can actually see the remote desktop. Your pointer will be highlighted by a
purple circle - you can turn that feature off via the menu.
At the bottom of the screen will be three virtual mouse buttons. These can
also be turned off, but you will want to use them, as they enable you to drag things around on the remote desktop. When virtual mouse buttons
are disabled, a single tap anywhere on the screen will emulate a left mouse button click. A double tap will send a right mouse button click
to the remote side.
The keyboard can be toggled on and off via the menu or ActionBar.
Copy & Paste to and from the Android clipboard is done automatically, XBOX keeps the remote's clipboard in sync with the local one.
Just use the usual means of clipboard manipulation on the remote (Ctrl-C & Ctrl-V on Windows/OS X, select and middle mouse button on Unix).
Gestures
Scaling
Zooming in and out of the screen is hardware accelerated via OpenGL and can be initiated in two ways: First is simply with a two-finger
pinch gesture, like in Android photo gallery. On low-end devices that do not support multitouch, zooming can also be initiated by a long-press
anywhere on the screen - zoom controls will then appear.
Swipe Arrow Keys
By swiping left, right, up or down with two fingers, you can send a left, right, up or down arrow key to the remote side. Handy for controlling presentation
slides or the like.
Touchpad Mode
This is a really fast remote control mode specific to MultiVNC where no screen contents are transmitted at all. Intended for situations
where you do not need to see the remote screen, e. g. for remote controlling your laptop connected to a projector from your phone during a
presentation. Can be enabled via the menu.
Bookmarking
If you want to bookmark the current connection, simply tap the bookmark save entry. A bookmark will be created for later access.


| t01 |
phylogenetic, analysis, sequences, molecular, genotype(s), circulating, genetic, diversity, study |
135 |
9 |
| t02 |
amino, acid, %, nucleotide, amino_acid, sequence(s), protein, identity, strains |
104 |
0 |
| t03 |
genome, recombination, complete, sequence, genomic, genome_sequence, strain, genes, recombinant, virus |
110 |
1 |
| t04 |
IBV, S1, bronchitis, infectious, infectious_bronchitis_virus, s1_gene, ibvs, vaccine, massachusetts, strains |
127 |
0 |
| t05 |
chickens, attenuated, vaccine(s), protection, eggs, lesions, embryonated, chicks, passage |
100 |
2 |
| t06 |
PEDV, porcine, pdcov, diarrhea, epidemic, piglets, pigs, strains, CV777, PED |
113 |
0 |
| t07 |
canine, dogs, samples, fecal, fecal_samples, cats, ccov, CPV, %, VP2 |
89 |
1 |
| t08 |
influenza, flocks, broiler(s), birds, farms, avian, backyard, %, wild |
55 |
0 |
| t09 |
PCR, reaction, chain, reverse, polymerase, RT-PCR, primers, samples, method, transcription |
41 |
0 |
| t10 |
M41, beaudette, cells, binding, expressing, IBV, recombinant, mabs, avirulent, in_vitro |
52 |
0 |
| t11 |
TGEV, tcov, coronavirus, turkey, orfs, coronaviruses, PRRSV, transmissible, ORF, turkey_coronavirus |
48 |
1 |
| t12 |
bcov, respiratory, hcov-oc43, bovine, crcov, bovine_coronavirus, BRSV, EV71, ×, patients |
55 |
2 |
| t13 |
astrovirus, rotavirus, segment(s), astroviruses, castv, reovirus, PBV, rotaviruses, RVA |
48 |
0 |
| t14 |
bat(s), SARS, sars-cov, mers-cov, syndrome, WNV, human, middle, covs |
50 |
6 |
| t15 |
-, version, online, users, supplementary, ELECTRONIC, online_version, SUPPLEMENTARY, authorized, MATERIAL |
16 |
0 |


Enhance a text input for entering numeric values, with up/down buttons and arrow key handling.
Want to learn more about the spinner widget? Check out the API documentation.


{% extends "botanycollection/base.html" %} {% block content %}
UQARC is the digital version of our physical reference collection, which is open to all bona fide archaeobotanical researchers. For queries about UQARC and using our collections in Brisbane please contact UQARC@uq.edu.au


bin_tree =PSLz3aI_recursive_break_tree(c_x,c_y,index) Break a continuous curve into a set of straight line tokens using the procedure described in Lowe's SCEPRO '87 paper. The procedure is recursive and scale invariant. At each recursion level it breaks the curve into two curve segments at the point where the curve difference from its straight-line approximation is maximal. Terminates when either the curve length is too short, or the scale-invariant merit value does not increase when further breaking the curve apart. Iasonas Kokkinos<EMAIL_ADDRESS>10/10/2007
0001 function bin_tree =PSLz3aI_recursive_break_tree(c_x,c_y,index) 0002 % bin_tree =PSLz3aI_recursive_break_tree(c_x,c_y,index) 0003 % 0004 % Break a continuous curve into a set of straight line 0005 % tokens using the procedure described in Lowe's SCEPRO '87 paper. 0006 % The procedure is recursive and scale invariant. 0007 % At each recursion level it breaks the curve into two curve segments 0008 % at the point where the curve difference from its straight-line 0009 % approximation is maximal. 0010 % Terminates when either the curve length is too short, 0011 % or the scale-invariant merit value does not increase when further 0012 % breaking the curve apart. 0013 % 0014 % Iasonas Kokkinos<EMAIL_ADDRESS>0015 % 10/10/2007 0016 0017 0018 %% bin_tree struct 0019 %% allow -> 1/0: split was successful/failed 0020 %% cost -> figure of merit at current tree 0021 %% points: indexes of starting and ending points 0022 0023 if length(c_x)<3, 0024 %% if the tree is too short, stop 0025 bin_tree.allow = 0; 0026 bin_tree.merit = .1; 0027 bin_tree.points = [index(1),index(end)]; 0028 else 0029 %% otherwise go on 0030 bin_tree.allow = 1; 0031 diff_x = c_x(end) - c_x(1); 0032 diff_y = c_y(end) - c_y(1); 0033 0034 %% line approximation is locus of a x + b y + c =0 0035 %% a,b,c are calculated from the endpoint locations 0036 if diff_y~=0, 0037 b= - (diff_x)/(diff_y); 0038 nrm = sqrt(1 + b*b); 0039 a = 1/nrm; b = b/nrm; 0040 else 0041 a = -diff_y/diff_x; 0042 nrm = sqrt(1 + a*a); 0043 a = a/nrm; b = 1/nrm; 0044 end 0045 length_here = sqrt(diff_x*diff_x + diff_y*diff_y); 0046 c = - a*c_x(1) - b*c_y(1); 0047 0048 %% get the distances of all curve points from the straight line 0049 %% approximation, find the point with maximal distance and 0050 %% get figure of merit for current straight-line approximation 0051 0052 dists = abs(a*c_x + b*c_y + c); 0053 [md,ind] = max(dists(2:end-1)); 0054 md = max(md,2); 0055 merit_here = (length_here)/md; 0056 0057 %% go on, and do the same thing for the subsegments 0058 ind = ind+1; 0059 left_relative = PSLz3aI_recursive_break_tree(c_x(1:ind-1),c_y(1:ind-1),index(1:ind-1)); 0060 right_relative = PSLz3aI_recursive_break_tree(c_x(ind:end),c_y(ind:end),index(ind:end)); 0061 0062 merit_left = left_relative.merit; 0063 merit_right = right_relative.merit; 0064 0065 allow_left = left_relative.allow; 0066 allow_right = right_relative.allow; 0067 points_left = left_relative.points; 0068 points_right = right_relative.points; 0069 0070 keep_original = 1; 0071 %% both leaves allow for break 0072 if (allow_left&allow_right), 0073 %% and the merit for one of the two leaves is higher 0074 if max([merit_left,merit_right])>merit_here, 0075 keep_original = 0; 0076 bin_tree.merit = [merit_left, merit_right]; 0077 bin_tree.points = [points_left(1:end), points_right(2:end)]; 0078 end 0079 end 0080 if keep_original, 0081 bin_tree.merit = merit_here; 0082 bin_tree.points = [index(1),index(end)]; 0083 end 0084 end


This project is created by 2 newly graduated students Eda Kalaycı and Alper Özaslan. We started this as a graduation project and managed to get a working prototype in less than 4 months!
Are you interested in the idea or want to know more about it? Please cantact us by sending and we will get back to you as soon as possible :)


High Prefect Lambac:
Even though we have the reputation as the top Warrior training camp in the entire kingdom, I, High Prefect Lambac, am almost mad with frustration at having to train with these fragile Humans and Elves!
Tejakar Orka! True training must be between Orcs!
Listen to information about second class transfer.
Sub Class.
Clan.
Alliance.
Quest


About Mojo
- Why was the MojoHaus project created?
-
Well, this allows a bunch of people, not necessarily involved with the Maven project, to come along and build some plugins. They are free to look after just that plugin, though I hope that they'll get involved in the community of people here and work on other plugins as well as help maintain the common infrastructure like the site.
Maven plugins may also be developed here because they are not compatible with the Apache license. Plugin authors may choose to use other licenses (BSD, GPL, MPL ...) to license their work or may be forced to because of the nature of the plugin and its dependencies. These plugin authors are responsible for working with their plugins license but the mailing lists are a great place to get help if people get confused on what can or can not be done within the mojo project.
- How can we communicate?
-
- Use the mailing list where possible as more people can get involved and so an archive is available.
- If it is specific to a plugin, prefix the subject with the plugin name, e.g.
[jalopy]
. - Try and summarise and send it to the list if there was some decisions were made there.


Our goal is to enhance the efficacy of the alarm system & To lessen the burden of practitioners in hospitals
Our mission is to partner with health organizations to help residents of underserved communities worldwide make better use of their resources in emergency medical situations by providing them with an enhanced infrastructure that can track, dispatch, and visualize resources in real time on a map.
Mission: to design a search and rescue camera to find people trapped inside collapsed structures. This camera will be used by urban search and rescue technicians in case of earthquake, collapsed buildings, mudslides.
The goal of this project is to implement technological advancements in current field of art and archeology for further visualization. This visualization not only allows artists and archeologists to detail their findings, but also allows them to build a highly scaled model with much deeper depth and detail. Even today, many of the artists and archeologists are limited from many of these modern resources. These artists and archeologists use an out-dated method of drawing a 3D model on paper with pencil. This use of long established method, when compared to the use of modern technology, falls behind in many qualities; as the size of mapping gets larger, visualization through the use of traditional method gets obscure. Thus, with bigger findings, this 3D reconstruction provides better accuracy and efficiency. This project aims to provide artists and archeologists with a mobile system that can reconstruct an underground environment, with real-time partial or full feedback.


OAuth2 allows your application to store and use authentication tokens instead of actual login credentials. This is great for security as tokens or valid only for specific actions and can be easily revoked thus, once stolen, can’t to as much harm as actual account credentials. OAuth2 authentication in Nodemailer is mostly used with Gmail and G Suite (née Google Apps) even though there are other providers that support it as well.
Access Tokens needed for OAuth2 authentication are short lived so these need to be regenerated from time to time. Nodemailer is able to use both 3LO and 2LO to automatically regenerate the tokens but you can also handle all token specific yourself.
Managing OAuth2 app credentials is hard, so you could let EmailEngine handle these for you. Once you have registered an email account with EmailEngine, you can use EmailEngine as an SMTP gateway without any authentication. EmailEngine will handle everything regarding the actual credentials itself. Read more here.
This is the “normal” way of obtaining access tokens. Your application requests permissions from the client and gets a refresh token in return that can be used to generate new access tokens.
You can find an example of how to generate required tokens from EmailEngine’s documentation.
auth – is the authentication object
Normal SMTP transport (ie. not the pooled version) has a convenience method of using separate authentication for every message. This allows you to set up a transport with just clientId and clientSecret values and provide accessToken and refreshToken with the message options. See example 5.
Nodemailer also allows you to use service accounts to generate access tokens. In this case the required auth
options are a bit different from 3LO auth. You can find an example of how to generate service tokens from EmailEngine’s documentation.
auth – is the authentication object
If you do not want Nodemailer to create new access tokens then you can provide a custom token generation callback that is called every time a new token is needed for an user.
The registered function gets the following arguments:
transporter.set("oauth2_provision_cb", (user, renew, callback) => {
let accessToken = userTokens[user];
if (!accessToken) {
return callback(new Error("Unknown user"));
} else {
return callback(null, accessToken);
}
});
If you use refreshToken or service keys to generate new tokens from Nodemailer when accessToken is not present or expired then you can listen for the token updates by registering a ‘token’ event handler for the transporter object.
transporter.on("token", (token) => {
console.log("A new access token was generated");
console.log("User: %s", token.user);
console.log("Access Token: %s", token.accessToken);
console.log("Expires: %s", new Date(token.expires));
});
Use an existing Access Token. If the token is not accepted then message is not sent as there is no way to generate a new token.
let transporter = nodemailer.createTransport({
host: "smtp.gmail.com",
port: 465,
secure: true,
auth: {
type: "OAuth2",
user<EMAIL_ADDRESS>accessToken: "ya29.Xx_XX0xxxxx-xX0X0XxXXxXxXXXxX0x",
},
});
This example requests a new accessToken value from a custom OAuth2 handler. Nodemailer does not attempt to generate the token by itself.
let transporter = nodemailer.createTransport({
host: "smtp.gmail.com",
port: 465,
secure: true,
auth: {
type: "OAuth2",
user<EMAIL_ADDRESS>},
});
transporter.set("oauth2_provision_cb", (user, renew, callback) => {
let accessToken = userTokens[user];
if (!accessToken) {
return callback(new Error("Unknown user"));
} else {
return callback(null, accessToken);
}
});
This example uses an existing Access Token. If the token is not accepted or current time is past the expires value, then refreshToken is used to automatically generate a new accessToken
let transporter = nodemailer.createTransport({
host: "smtp.gmail.com",
port: 465,
secure: true,
auth: {
type: "OAuth2",
user<EMAIL_ADDRESS>clientId: "000000000000-xxx0.apps.googleusercontent.com",
clientSecret: "XxxxxXXxX0xxxxxxxx0XXxX0",
refreshToken: "1/XXxXxsss-xxxXXXXXxXxx0XXXxxXXx0x00xxx",
accessToken: "ya29.Xx_XX0xxxxx-xX0X0XxXXxXxXXXxX0x",
expires:<PHONE_NUMBER>598,
},
});
This example uses an existing Access Token. If the token is not accepted or current time is past the expires value, then a new accessToken value is generated using provided service account.
let transporter = nodemailer.createTransport({
host: "smtp.gmail.com",
port: 465,
secure: true,
auth: {
type: "OAuth2",
user<EMAIL_ADDRESS>serviceClient: "113600000000000000000",
privateKey: "-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----\nMIIEvgIBADANBg...",
accessToken: "ya29.Xx_XX0xxxxx-xX0X0XxXXxXxXXXxX0x",
expires:<PHONE_NUMBER>598,
},
});
This example demonstrates how to authenticate every message separately. This is mostly useful if you provide an email application that sends mail for multiple users. Instead of creating a new transporter for every message, create it just once and provide dynamic details with the message options.
let transporter = nodemailer.createTransport({
host: "smtp.gmail.com",
port: 465,
secure: true,
auth: {
type: "OAuth2",
clientId: "000000000000-xxx.apps.googleusercontent.com",
clientSecret: "XxxxxXXxX0xxxxxxxx0XXxX0",
},
});
transporter.sendMail({
from<EMAIL_ADDRESS>to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>subject: "Message",
text: "I hope this message gets through!",
auth: {
user<EMAIL_ADDRESS>refreshToken: "1/XXxXxsss-xxxXXXXXxXxx0XXXxxXXx0x00xxx",
accessToken: "ya29.Xx_XX0xxxxx-xX0X0XxXXxXxXXXxX0x",
expires:<PHONE_NUMBER>598,
},
});
Or alternatively you can do the same with your own OAuth2 handler.
let transporter = nodemailer.createTransport({
host: "smtp.gmail.com",
port: 465,
secure: true,
auth: {
type: "OAuth2",
},
});
transporter.set("oauth2_provision_cb", (user, renew, callback) => {
let accessToken = userTokens[user];
if (!accessToken) {
return callback(new Error("Unknown user"));
} else {
return callback(null, accessToken);
}
});
transporter.sendMail({
from<EMAIL_ADDRESS>to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>subject: "Message",
text: "I hope this message gets through!",
auth: {
user<EMAIL_ADDRESS>},
});
https://mail.google.com/
, make sure your client has this scope set when requesting permissions for an user


Hello world! This is HTML5 Boilerplate.
For CSS: start editing css/main.css
For Javascript: start editing js/main.js
For HTML: start editing index.html
You can remove unwanted codes from css/main.cssjs/main.jsindex.html


It's also possible that WebGL is disabled in your browser or has failed to load. You'll need to use a web browser that supports WebGL to use Flood.


Special Settings for Huawei
Problem
Encountered these problems before? Using BeeChat on a Huawei mobile phone and sometimes new messages will arrive but you recieve no notification? Only find new messages after launching BeeChat? Important messages missed?
Causes
When the phone is on standby, the Huawei operating system automatically stops applications run in the background, BeeChat included, thats why you can not receive real time notifications.
Solution
To receive messages promptly, please do not kill BeeChat, allow BeeChat to send push notifications to you, and set BeeChat as a protected app.
Do not Kill Process
（If BeeChat is not running, restart BeeChat.）
Click on the Menu button
Make sure BeeChat is running
Allow Notifications
Go to Settings > Notification Panel & status bar > Notification center
Locate BeeChat
Allow notifications for BeeChat, allow notifications to display as banner and on the lock screen, so you can see new messages immediately.
Set Protected Apps
Go to Phone manager > Battery manager
Find Protected Apps
Locate BeeChat and switch the button on
Or:
Go to Settings > Advanced Settings > Battery Manager > Protected Apps
Locate BeeChat and switch the button on
To make sure you can receive messages promptly after the phone has restarted or has changed status, please set BeeChat to Auto-launch.
Go to Phone manager, slide to page 2, find App auto-launch
Locate BeeChat and switch the button on
*For any further questions, please email us at
contact@beechat.io


Export the effects library from the TimelineFX editor and then unpack the .zip file into a folder of the same name inside the "assets" folder of your monkey app. For example, if you have an ZIP file called explosions, then unpack this into your assets folder in a folder called explosions. So the folder structure should be
assets/explosions/
Once that is done you can load the effects with:
Local MyEffects:tlEffectsLibrary
MyEffects = LoadEffects("asset::explosions")


Created by Mike Kelly / @mikekellyio
it's a photobooth running on a Raspberry Pi!
Linux cli camera control
Photobooth Client
Use a framework for what its best at
Standing up something fast
Hardware Event Loop listening for button presses.
Photobooth page simply polls for the most recent images.
Need to run this to allow gphoto2 to connect to camera
#!/bin/bash
#
dev=`gphoto2 --auto-detect | grep usb | cut -b 36-42 | sed 's/,/\//'`
echo "/dev/bus/usb/${dev}"
sudo chmod 777 /dev/bus/usb/${dev}
exit 0