The Elm Architecture for typescript
This is an implementation of The Elm Architecture (TEA) for typescript.
Note: TEA has managed effects, meaning that things like HTTP requests or writing to disk are all treated as data in TEA. When this data is given to an Effect Manager, it can do some "query optimization" before actually performing the effect. Your application should consist of pure functions only and all effects should be handled in Effect Managers outside your application.
TEA has two kinds of managed effects: commands and subscriptions.
yarn add @typescript-tea/core
Please see the documentation site.
This is the usual counter app example using the react as view library. It is also available in this repo.
import React from "react";
import ReactDOM from "react-dom";
import { exhaustiveCheck } from "ts-exhaustive-check";
import { Dispatch, Program } from "@typescript-tea/core";
// -- STATE
type State = number;
const init = (): readonly [State] => [0];
// -- UPDATE
type Action = { type: "Increment" } | { type: "Decrement" };
function update(action: Action, state: State): readonly [State] {
switch (action.type) {
case "Increment":
return [state + 1];
case "Decrement":
return [state - 1];
default:
return exhaustiveCheck(action, true);
}
}
// -- VIEW
const view = ({ dispatch, state }: { readonly dispatch: Dispatch<Action>; readonly state: State }) => (

<button onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "Decrement" })}>-</button>

{state}

<button onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "Increment" })}>+</button>

);
// -- PROGRAM
const program: Program<State, Action, JSX.Element> = {
init,
update,
view,
};
// -- RUN
const app = document.getElementById("app");
const render = (view: JSX.Element) => ReactDOM.render(view, app);
Program.run(program, render);
There are some naming differences from TEA in Elm:
Msg
was renamed to Action
Model
was renamed to State
Elm is a pure language with strict guarantees and the Effect Managers are part of kernel in Elm and you cannot (for good reasons) write your own Effect Managers in Elm. Typescript is an impure lanauge without any guarantees so it (probably) does not make sense to have this restriction. Therefore in typescript-tea it is possible to write your own Effect Manager to do whatever you want.
It does not have a built-in view library, instead it is possible to integrate with existing view libraries like React.
This package (and others in @typescript-tea
organization) exports only function
s and type
s grouped into modules. You can import a module from the root of the package in the following way:
import { ModuleName1, ModuleName2 } from "@typescript-tea/package-name";
For example:
import { Result } from "@typescript-tea/core";
const result = Result.Ok("It is OK");
If you don't want to prefix with ModuleName
you can also use named imports directly from the module file:
import { function1, function2 } from "@typescript-tea/package-name/module-name";
For example:
import { Ok } from "@typescript-tea/core/result";
const result = Ok("It is OK");
A common pattern is to have a module that exports a single type with the same name as the module. For example the Result
module does this, it exports the Result
type, some constructor functions that create a Result
type, and some utility funcitons that operate on or return a Result
type. In these cases it can become annoying to prefix the type with the module name, like Result.Result
. Consider the following example. Note that this is not how it is done for modules with single type exports in typescript-tea, it is just to illustrate how it would be done normally:
import { Result } from "@typescript-tea/core";
function itsOk(): Result.Result<string, string> {
const ok: Result.Result<string, string> = Result.Ok("It is OK");
const err: Result.Result<string, string> = Result.Ok("It is not OK");
return ok;
}
To avoid having to write Result.Result
in these cases, the Result
module uses a trick so that both the module name and the type can be named simply Result
. So the code above will become this (notice use of Result
for the type annotations instead of Result.Result
):
import { Result } from "@typescript-tea/core";
function itsOk(): Result<string, string> {
const ok: Result<string, string> = Result.Ok("It is OK");
const err: Result<string, string> = Result.Ok("It is not OK");
return ok;
}
How can this work? Well, the index file in the package does this to make it work:
import * as ResultNs from "./result";
export const Result = ResultNs;
export type Result<TError, TValue> = ResultNs.Result<TError, TValue>;
I think it is somehow related to declaration merging in typescript :-).
Please note that this only work for modules that export a single type. If two types are exported it is not possible to use this shortcut because the exported const
will not contain any types.
Node version >=12.6.0 is needed for development.
To execute the tests run yarn test
.
yarn version --patch
yarn version --minor
yarn version --major
Generated using TypeDoc


Main Concepts
Dependency Injection - More Details - Provide
provide will be usefull typically
when you will want to change an implementation.
In the sample below, inject a Person somewhere will
result in retrieving a PersonImpl instance
import {ReflectiveInjector} from '@angular/core';
//Define our injector and its providers
let injector = ReflectiveInjector.resolveAndCreate([
{ provide: Person, useClass: PersonImpl},
{ provide: LoggerService, useClass: LoggerService}
]);
// Then ask our injector to use its providers
// to get an instance of Person
let person:Person= injector.get(Person);


{% extends "base.html" %} {% load musictags %} {% block meta_title %}Chord Generator{% endblock %} {% block title %}Chord Generator{% endblock %} {% block main %}
Chord Generator is an application that allows you to look up the chords on your favorite musical scale. Not only can you read what the chords are, you can hear them - just by clicking on their cells. For more information about how it works, see the documentation below.
Here are the chords derived from the scale. Click on any cell to hear it played.
{% if asciiselect %} {{ scaletable|chordtabletag:1 }} {% else %} {{ scaletable|chordtabletag:0 }} {% endif %}Chord Generator is a application for enumerating all possible chords in a selected scale. In particular, Chord Generator will show what the chord is for a given chord type and position, if such a chord exists. This app even allows you to hear the chord by clicking on the cell.
There are two set of controls for Chord Generator. The main set, "Choose a scale to find the chords it contains", allows you to select a scale for analysis:
Chord Generator generates a table organised as follows:
Let's take the C major scale as an example.
The default shows the chords for the C major scale, with "ASCII Friendly" mode turned off.
Chord Generator (as of version 0.7) not only allows you to read the chords in a given scale, it allows you to hear them as well. Simply click on a cell, and the browser – assuming you are using the right browser – will play the chord contained herein. The parameters for the sound are set in "Audio Controls", the supplementary control set for this app:
You may have none, some or many. Some of those questions may be of the form "What the hell is a "Minor Added 6th Added 9th?" For this particular chord, the answer is "It's the chord with the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th and 6th notes of a major scale." For other chords, I'd advise using a search engine. I made this application because I wanted to; any educational usage is just a bonus.
I'd like to extend this app to show what notes are in an chord - such as "Minor", without the need to provide a key. It would be nice to add functionality that shows how the chord may appear on a fretboard, whether it be a guitar, a violin, or a 4/5/6 string bass. But perhaps I will never have time to do anything about it.
You can get Chord Generator from PyPI through the command:
pip install chordgenerator
Once installed, just add "chordgenerator" to your INSTALLED_APPS list in settings.py, and add the desired URL in one of the urls.py files.
There are two Python dependencies. Apart from Django, the app depends on musictheory. This package – also made by myself – is the guts of the application, and can be used outside of Django. It contains classes for musical temperaments, scales and chords.
The audio component of Chord Generator depends on the JavaScript library jQuery. It also requires the browser to support the experimentatal, HTML5ish Web Audio API, "a high-level JavaScript API for processing and synthesizing audio in web applications". Fortunately, most desktop browsers as of 2014 support Web Audio API, with Internet Explorer being the usual exception. There are no other JavaScript dependencies (thank god) for Chord Generator – no mucking around with dodgy third-party libraries!
The HTML template file used to generate HTML has been redesigned to work with the Mezzanine CMS, which comes with jQuery built in. The redesign removed any explicit references to particular stylesheets found with earlier versions. Feel free to customise: the app is released under a 3 clause BSD license. If you wish to do any changes to the app, pop over to the GitHub repository. (There is also a Github repository for musictheory.)
For more information about the amazing Web Audio API, see Creating Sound with the Web Audio API and Oscillators and HTML5 Web Audio API Tutorial: Building a Virtual Synth Pad.
Copyright © Peter Murphy 2011–{% now "Y" %}.
This is a little preliminary explanation about the concepts and "theory" behind the application.
These are the chord types used for selecting notes from a scale for playing and displaying.
That's probably enough flexibility to select every possible interesting chord. Note that the more 'complicated' chord one is, the more melancholy and or discordant the result generally is.
There are a whole load of "scales" used in this app, most of which most people would not have heard of. Fortunately, most of the scales are modes and transpositions of other scales. Most of the terminology is grabbed from such places as Solfege and Dolmetsch.
For reasons of space, alternative names for scales are shown in brackets underneath. I've also introduced gratuituous hyphens to make everything fit.
Scales |
Pattern |
2nd Mode |
3rd Mode |
4th Mode |
5th Mode |
6th Mode |
7th Mode |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Major (Ionian) |
1-2-3-4-5-6-7 |
Dorian |
Phrygian |
Lydian |
Mixo-lydian |
Aeolian |
Locrian |
Melodic Minor (Jazz Minor) |
1-2-♭3-4-5-6-7 |
Dorian ♭9 |
Lydian Augmented |
Lydian Dominant |
Mixo-lydian ♭13 |
Semi-locrian |
Super-locrian |
Harmonic Minor |
1-2-♭3-4-5-♭6-7 |
Locrian ♯6 |
Ionian Augmented |
Romanian |
Phrygian Dominant |
Lydian ♯2 |
Ultra-locrian |
Harmonic Major |
1-2-3-4-5-♭6-7 |
Dorian ♭6 |
Phrygian ♭4 |
Lydian ♭3 |
Mixo-lydian ♭9 |
Lydian ♯2 ♯5 |
Locrian ♭♭7 |
Discordant Minor (Melodic Minor ♭5) |
1-2-♭3-4-♭5-6-7 |
Dorian ♭9 ♭4 |
Minor Lydian Augmented |
Lydian Dominant ♭9 |
Lydian Augmented ♯2 ♯3 |
Semi-locrian ♭♭7 |
Super-locrian ♭♭6 |
Harmonic Minor ♭5 |
1-2-♭3-4-♭5-♭6-7 |
Super-locrian ♯6 |
Melodic Minor ♯5 |
Dorian ♭9 ♯11 |
Lydian Augmented ♯3 |
Hungarian |
Super-locrian ♭♭6 ♭♭7 |


Distributors
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@endforeach
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We are a group of STEM students at the University of Texas at Austin fighting against racism and sexism. We want to eliminate discrimination in our fields, create software to make the world a better place, and educate people about technology and its impact on society.
LegalPal helps low-income Texans navigate their legal troubles.
We'll be holding our first Civic Hack Night on Friday, November 20, from 6:30 to 9:30 PM, at GWB 2.206 (Multipurpose Room, Gordon-White Building). For more information, and to RSVP, go to the event page.


With the pointing device (like a mouse left-button click) or with the keyboard (with the tab key or with the "T" accesskey), activate the radio button below. The words "Text sample" on its right-hand side should then have become highlighted in yellow. In order to pass this.test,the tester should not have to move the pointing device out of the radio button in order to see the yellow highlighting.


Bases: django.forms.forms.Form
An Action represents an atomic logical interaction you can have with the system. This is easier to understand with a conceptual example: in the context of a “launch instance” workflow, actions would include “naming the instance”, “selecting an image”, and ultimately “launching the instance”.
Because Actions are always interactive, they always provide form controls, and thus inherit from Django’s Form class. However, they have some additional intelligence added to them:
Action classes may define the following attributes in a Meta class within them:
The verbose name for this action. Defaults to the name of the class.
A semi-unique slug for this action. Defaults to the “slugified” name of the class.
A list of permission names which this action requires in order to be completed. Defaults to an empty list ([]).
A string of simple help text to be displayed alongside the Action’s fields.
A path to a template which contains more complex help text to be displayed alongside the Action’s fields. In conjunction with get_help_text() method you can customize your help text template to display practically anything.
Adds an error to the Action’s Step based on API issues.
Returns the help text for this step.
Handles any requisite processing for this action. The method should return either None or a dictionary of data to be passed to contribute().
Returns None by default, effectively making it a no-op.
Bases: django.forms.forms.DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass
Bases: horizon.workflows.base.Action
An action that allows a user to add/remove members from a group.
Extend the Action class with additional helper method for membership management.
Bases: object
A step is a wrapper around an action which defines its context in a workflow. It knows about details such as:
A Step class has the following attributes:
A list of context data keys which this step requires in order to begin interaction.
A list of keys which this step will contribute to the workflow’s context data. Optional keys should still be listed, even if their values may be set to None.
A dictionary which maps context data key names to lists of callbacks. The callbacks may be functions, dotted python paths to functions which may be imported, or dotted strings beginning with "self" to indicate methods on the current Step instance.
Another Step class. This optional attribute is used to provide control over workflow ordering when steps are dynamically added to workflows. The workflow mechanism will attempt to place the current step before the step specified in the attribute.
Another Step class. This attribute has the same purpose as before() except that it will instead attempt to place the current step after the given step.
A string of simple help text which will be prepended to the Action class’ help text if desired.
A path to a template which will be used to render this step. In general the default common template should be used. Default: "horizon/common/_workflow_step.html".
A boolean value which indicates whether or not this step has any errors on the action within it or in the scope of the workflow. This attribute will only accurately reflect this status after validation has occurred.
Inherited from the Action class.
Inherited from the Action class.
Inherited from the Action class.
Adds an error to the Step based on API issues.
Adds the data listed in contributes to the workflow’s shared context. By default, the context is simply updated with all the data returned by the action.
Note that even if the value of one of the contributes keys is not present (e.g. optional) the key should still be added to the context with a value of None.
Returns the help text for this step.
Returns the ID for this step. Suitable for use in HTML markup.
Returns True if action contains any required fields.
Allows for customization of how the workflow context is passed to the action; this is the reverse of what “contribute” does to make the action outputs sane for the workflow. Changes to the context are not saved globally here. They are localized to the action.
Simply returns the unaltered context by default.
Renders the step.
Bases: horizon.workflows.base.Step
A step that allows a user to add/remove members from a group.
Set to False to disable the display of the roles dropdown.
The title used for the available list column.
The title used for the members list column.
The placeholder text used when the available list is empty.
The placeholder text used when the members list is empty.
Bases: horizon.utils.html.HTMLElement
A Workflow is a collection of Steps. Its interface is very straightforward, but it is responsible for handling some very important tasks such as:
The Workflow class has the following attributes:
The verbose name for this workflow which will be displayed to the user. Defaults to the class name.
The unique slug for this workflow. Required.
A list of Step classes which serve as the starting point for this workflow’s ordered steps. Defaults to an empty list ([]).
The name which will appear on the submit button for the workflow’s form. Defaults to "Save".
A string which will be displayed to the user upon successful completion of the workflow. Defaults to "{{ workflow.name }} completed successfully."
A string which will be displayed to the user upon failure to complete the workflow. Defaults to "{{ workflow.name }} did not complete."
A roll-up list of all the depends_on values compiled from the workflow’s steps.
A roll-up list of all the contributes values compiled from the workflow’s steps.
Path to the template which should be used to render this workflow. In general the default common template should be used. Default: "horizon/common/_workflow.html".
The slug of the step which should initially be active when the workflow is rendered. This can be passed in upon initialization of the workflow, or set anytime after initialization but before calling either get_entry_point or render.
The name of a parameter used for tracking the URL to redirect to upon completion of the workflow. Defaults to "next".
The object (if any) which this workflow relates to. In the case of a workflow which creates a new resource the object would be the created resource after the relevant creation steps have been undertaken. In the case of a workflow which updates a resource it would be the resource being updated after it has been retrieved.
Whether to present the workflow as a wizard, with “prev” and “next” buttons and validation after every step.
If the workflow is presented in a modal, and this attribute is set to True, then the fullscreen css class will be added so the modal can take advantage of the available screen estate. Defaults to False.
Adds an error to the workflow’s Step with the specified slug based on API issues. This is useful when you wish for API errors to appear as errors on the form rather than using the messages framework.
Finalizes a workflow by running through all the actions in order and calling their handle methods. Returns True on full success, or False for a partial success, e.g. there were non-critical errors. (If it failed completely the function wouldn’t return.)
Hook to allow customization of the message returned to the user upon successful or unsuccessful completion of the workflow.
By default it simply inserts the workflow’s name into the message string.
Returns the canonical URL for this workflow.
This is used for the POST action attribute on the form element wrapping the workflow.
For convenience it defaults to the value of request.get_full_path() with any query string stripped off, e.g. the path at which the workflow was requested.
Returns the slug of the step which the workflow should begin on.
This method takes into account both already-available data and errors within the steps.
Returns the instantiated step matching the given slug.
Returns a URL to redirect the user to upon completion. By default it will attempt to parse a success_url attribute on the workflow, which can take the form of a reversible URL pattern name, or a standard HTTP URL.
Handles any final processing for this workflow. Should return a boolean value indicating success.
Verified that all required data is present in the context and calls the validate method to allow for finer-grained checks on the context data.
Renders the workflow.
Hook for custom context data validation. Should return a boolean value or raise WorkflowValidationError.
Bases: dict
Bases: type


| GEOS SDK TechDocs
|
| 4 Directories and Paths
| 4.2 Current Path and Directory Stack
The GEOS system is designed to run on a wide variety of architectures. For example, it can be stored on a hard disk, recorded in ROM chips, or resident on a network server and run by members of the network. This presents a difficulty. The system uses many files, storing both code (such as libraries) and data (such as fonts). It can't assume that they are in any specific place. For example, a user might be running GEOS from a network server, but she might have several fonts for personal use on her own hard disk. The system has to be able to look in all the right places. Applications have a similar dilemma. An application needs to be able to choose an appropriate place to create data files, and needs to be able to find them later.
The solution to this is to use
standard paths
. There are a number of standard directories GEOS uses. Each one of these has a constant associated with it. The constants are treated as special disk handles. For example, the routine
FileSetCurrentPath()
(described in Current Path and Directory Stack
) takes two arguments, a disk handle and a path string. If the disk handle passed is the constant SP_DOCUMENT and the string passed is "Memos", the routine will look in the standard document path for a directory called "Memos" and will open it.
There are two advantages to standard paths. The first is that they give the system and the applications points of reference. An application does not need to worry where to write its internal data files; it can simply install them in the standard PRIVDATA directory.
The second advantage is that the standard paths do not need to correspond to any one specific directory. A standard path can actually be several different DOS directories. For example, the GEOS kernel looks for font files in the standard path SP_FONT. The user may define this path to be several directories; it might comprise a local directory for the most commonly used fonts, a network directory for some decorative fonts, etc. The file system would automatically locate all of these fonts. Similarly, the SP_DOCUMENT directory might comprise a directory on a ROM disk for read-only files, as well as a directory on a hard disk where files are written. A standard path is considered "read-only" if and only if all of the directories which make up the standard path are read-only. When you create a file directly in a standard path (as opposed to in a subdirectory of a standard path), the file system will write it to the directory on the disk containing the
geos.ini
file.
The standard paths have a default hierarchy. For example, the standard path SP_VIDEO_DRIVERS usually refers to a directory named VIDEO which belongs to the standard path SP_SYSTEM. However, the user is allowed to define each standard path however he or she wishes. For this reason, the programmer may not make any assumptions about where each standard path is located.
Below is a list of standard paths currently implemented. The paths are described as if they were single directories; remember, however, that each one of these may comprise several directories. Each path is accompanied by notes on how it is used and where it might commonly be found. The user can decide where each of these directories is, so make no assumptions about their locations. These paths will always be supported; future versions of GEOS may add new paths.
-
SP_TOP
- The top level directory. This is the directory which contains GEOS.INI. This is often C:\GEOWORKS.
-
SP_APPLICATION
-
All non-system applications are in this directory or a directory belonging to it. This is often a WORLD directory under SP_TOP.
-
SP_DOCUMENT
-
All document files should go here. This is commonly a DOCUMENT directory under SP_TOP.
-
SP_SYSTEM
- All libraries and drivers belong to this directory. All libraries must go in this directory, not in a subdirectory. Drivers are further grouped into subdirectories, one for each type of driver. This is commonly a SYSTEM directory under SP_TOP. Geodes should never need to directly access this directory, other than for installing drivers to it.
-
SP_PRIVATE_DATA
-
This contains data files which should not be accessed by users. By convention, each geode creates a subdirectory with its own data files. For example, the application HELLO.GEO would use a directory called HELLO in SP_PRIVATE_DATA. This is commonly a PRIVDATA directory under SP_TOP.
-
SP_DOS_ROOM
-
This directory contains the DOS-room launchers. It is commonly a DOSROOM directory under SP_TOP.
-
SP_STATE
- This directory contains all state files. It is commonly a STATE directory under PRIVDATA.
-
SP_USER_DATA
-
This directory holds data files that the user may add to, delete, upgrade, or otherwise change. Each data file type should have its own subdirectory. This is commonly a USERDATA directory under SP_TOP.
-
SP_FONT
- This directory contains all font data files, no matter what format they are. It is often USERDATA\FONT.
-
SP_SPOOL
- This directory contains all application spooler files. It is commonly USERDATA\SPOOL.
-
SP_SYS_APPLICATION
-
This directory contains all system applications. For example, it contains the Geoworks Pro "Welcome" application. These applications should not be launched by the user from the desktop. This directory is commonly SYSTEM\SYSAPPL.
-
SP_MOUSE_DRIVERS
-
This directory contains all mouse drivers. It is commonly SYSTEM\MOUSE.
-
SP_PRINTER_DRIVERS
-
This contains all printer drivers. It is commonly SYSTEM\PRINTER.
-
SP_FILE_SYSTEM_DRIVERS
-
This directory contains drivers for file systems. It has both DOS and network drivers. It is commonly SYSTEM\FS.
-
SP_VIDEO_DRIVERS
-
This directory contains video drivers. It is commonly SYSTEM\VIDEO.
-
SP_SWAP_DRIVERS
-
This directory has all of the swap drivers. It is commonly SYSTEM\SWAP.
-
SP_KEYBOARD_DRIVERS
-
This directory has all of the keyboard drivers. It is commonly SYSTEM\KEYBOARD.
-
SP_FONT_DRIVERS
-
This directory has all of the font drivers. It is commonly SYSTEM\FONT.
-
SP_IMPORT_EXPORT_DRIVERS
-
This directory has all of the import/export libraries. It is commonly SYSTEM\IMPEX.
-
SP_TASK_SWITCH_DRIVERS
-
This directory contains all task-switching drivers. It is commonly SYSTEM\TASK.
-
SP_HELP_FILES
-
This directory contains all help files. It is commonly USERDATA\HELP.
-
SP_TEMPLATE
-
This directory contains document templates. It is commonly DOCUMENT\TEMPLATE.
-
SP_POWER_DRIVERS
-
This directory contains power-management drivers. It is commonly SYSTEM\POWER.
-
SP_HWR
-
This directory contains the handwriting recognition libraries. It is commonly SYSTEM\HWR.
-
SP_WASTE_BASKET
-
This directory contains files that have been dragged to the waste basket but have not yet been thrown out. All non-open files and directories in this path are periodically deleted. Temporary files should usually be created here; they will not be deleted until after they have been closed. This directory is commonly PRIVDATA\WASTE.
-
SP_BACKUP
- This directory contains backup files made by the document control. It is commonly \PRIVDATA\BACKUP.
| GEOS SDK TechDocs
|
| 4 Directories and Paths
| 4.2 Current Path and Directory Stack


Dear @c.application.contact.name
Thank you for your Advance Tariff Ruling (ATaR) application dated @Dates.format(c.createdDate)
You asked for an Advance Tariff Ruling for @c.application.goodName. This ruling certificate is for you to keep for your records. This tells you the commodity code I have decided is appropriate for your goods and the reasons for the decision.
Information that has not been marked as confidential will be visible on the Search for Advance Tariff Rulings website.
About this decision
I have made this decision under section 24 of The Taxation (Cross-border Trade) Act 2018 by HM Revenue & Customs.
@d.explanation
Samples
Your samples have been kept by this office.
Samples that are not collected or that do not have return postage will be destroyed after 60 days from the date of your ruling email. If you would like to collect your samples (or arrange for courier collection) then email @messages("pdf.ruling.email") giving 48 hours notice.
You must quote the ATaR reference number @c.reference and give the time that the samples are being collected.
About this decision
I have made this decision under section 24 of The Taxation (Cross-border Trade) Act 2018 by HM Revenue & Customs.
@d.explanation


--- layout: main title: Some of my published work description: Here are the list of research work and projects, permalink: research/ ---
{{ project.description }}


St. Luke's Youth Group presents
Shuttle Up 2015
Coming soon...
 This site is a work in progress
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A series of demonstration and test files for Reactickles 3 by Joel Gethin Lewis.
Reactickles:
- KeyboardScalingCircleGrid.
- KeyboardWorm.
- MouseWorm.
- KeyboardSpringyCircles.
- MouseSpringyCircles.
- KeyboardBouncingCircleGrid.
- KeyboardSquares.
- KeyboardFountain.
- Full Reactickles 3 Suite.
Development files and various demonstrations:
- Drawing Circles.
- Cat Demo.
- Multitouch.
- KeyboardToScreen.
- Buggy Tweens on KeyboardScalingCircleGrid.
- KeyboardSpringyCircles previous version.
- MouseSpringyCircles previous version.
- KeyboardBouncingCircleGrid previous version.
- KeyboardSpringyCirclesWithEaseSelect.
- First version of full Reactickles 3 Suite. First pass at basic menu system.
- Second version of full Reactickles 3 Suite. Video thumbnails in menu system.
- Third version of full Reactickles 3 Suite. Refining pass at basic menu system.
- Fourth version of full Reactickles 3 Suite. Proper font in menu system.
- Fifth version of full Reactickles 3 Suite. Updated font in menu system.


Actress Etinosa Idemudia replies a troll who asked her to lose weight
Nollywood actress and producer, Etinosa Idemudia, left social media users impressed after she replied an Instagram troll who tried to body shame her by asking her to lose weight.
Living in the spotlight comes with many advantages. However, there are also the downsides to it. When it comes to celebrities, many people tend to believe their opinions about how they should live their lives.
Etinosa recently had to deal with a follower who tried to dictate how she should live her life. She had taken to her Instagram page to share a photo of herself with singer, Kcee on an airplane.
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Amongst the numerous complimentary comments she got from many fans, one follower @fungirljessica commented on the photo, advising her to lose some weight.
Actress Mary Remmy Njoku comes for trolls who said marriage is making her age
Etinosa however, wasted no time in checking her.
She responded: "@fungirljessica sweetheart, with my fatness I got a successful career, a Benz GL500 2015, a home in PHC another home in Abuja loading, a family who loves me unconditionally and a Man who loves and supports me unconditionally. Normally I won't even reply you cos I only reply positive comments these days but I had to write this here for any other woman who will feel ashamed of her body or lose confidence because of comments like this. Someone out there needs to read that fat people and slim people are perfect as long as we are healthy.
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See post below:
Meanwhile, the Nollywood actress sure knows how to keep social media users talking with almost every post she puts out. Currently trending on social media is the news of her receiving a Mercedes Benz as a car gift in Dubai.
In an Instagram post, the clearly excited actress revealed she got the gift from an 'angel' who slid into her DM. Using the medium, she expressed gratitude and advised ladies to always reply their DMs.


Apache Flink is an open source platform for scalable batch and stream data processing.
Flink’s core is a streaming dataflow engine that provides data distribution, communication, and fault tolerance for distributed computations over data streams.
Flink includes several APIs for creating applications that use the Flink engine:
Flink also bundles libraries for domain-specific use cases:
You can integrate Flink easily with other well-known open source systems both for data input and output as well as deployment.
Check out the features page to get a tour of all major Flink features.
Download the latest stable release and run Flink on your machine, cluster, or cloud:
The documentation contains a setup guide for all deployment options.
The programming guide contains all information to get you started with writing and testing your Flink programs.
Check out the documentation for the next steps.
Check out the blog for all posts.
You can post questions to the Flink community on various channels. Pick the one, which suits you best:
User mailing list. Subscribe to the mailing list by sending an empty email to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Once the subscription is confirmed, you can send questions to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Stack Overflow. Post your questions to Stack Overflow and tag them with #flink.
IRC chat. The IRC channel #flink at irc.freenode.org is dedicated to Apache Flink. Join the channel and chat with the Flink community.
Check out the community page for all community-related information. If you want to contribute, make sure to have a look at the contribution guide.


Here we are on Tuesday again! We've got a small set of updates and fixes to various libraries today. You can read more details below. Stay tuned for some important news soon...
Release Notes
aurelia-binding 1.0.0-beta.1.3.6 (2016-05-17)
Bug Fixes
- observer: respect non-enumerable properties ( ff8f9c7d )
aurelia-router 1.0.0-beta.1.2.3 (2016-05-17)
Features
- PipelineProvider: add methods for removing pipeline steps ( e7cb7f5a )
aurelia-templating-resources 1.0.0-beta.1.2.6
Fixes
- Added missing export needed for ui-virtualization
aurelia-framework 1.0.0-beta.1.2.5
- Add d.ts update to include
host
property on theAurelia
object.
aurelia-validatejs 0.3.1
Fixes
- renderer: ensure previous errors are cleared before rendering new errors (#52)
- numericality: missing configuration argument (#43)
aurelia-webpack-plugin 1.0.0-beta.1.0.4
Features
- index: allow specifying module type to load
aurelia-i18n 0.5.2 (2016-04-13)
Features
- relative time: Use the fallback language if needed ( 10ef19c0 )
- translation:
aurelia-dialog 0.6.1
Bug Fixes
aurelia-testing 0.2.2
Features
- component-tester: make configure function public ( b17e4ac0 )
aurelia-html-import-template-loader 1.0.0-beta.1.2.2 (2016-05-17)
Bug Fixes
- all: update more to use PAL ( 1eb19a2d )
- Address various module/package name issues.
skeletons 1.0.0-beta.1.2.5
- improvements to VS build tasks
- fixup of karma config for babel projects
aurelia-tools 0.2.0
Fixes
- Updated the eslintrc file to be based on ESLIint 2.x rules


Hello all, I am new to this forum. I think this will be an excellent place for learning things and I am looking forward to gaining more java knowledge.
My current predicament is the ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException I am getting on a program I have written. I haven't been able to figure out why and am hoping someone could point me in the right direction. A warning: the following code probably will have a lot of java bad practice or there might be easier ways to do some things...if you are inclined constructive criticism on that will be appreciated but my main priority is figuring out how to get rid of the error.
I don't know how little or much of the code to include so I am going to show it all to you -
1. I created a WordReader class which has methods that will read various things from a textfile that will be given as a parameter to the method.
Code:
package thisPacket;
/*
* WordReader.java - A program to read words from a file
*/
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.util.*;
public class WordReader {
String[][] transitions;
public String[][] readTransitions(String fileName){
BufferedReader br = null;
String word;
String[] rowOfTransition = new String [3];
String[][] transArray = new String[5][3];
System.out.println("the transitions");
try {
br = new BufferedReader( new FileReader( fileName ) );
br.readLine(); //skip line 1
br.readLine(); //skip line 2
br.readLine(); //skip line 3
br.readLine(); //skip line 4
//transitions begin from fifth line
int index = 0;
// loop and read a line from the file as long as we don't get null
while( ( word = br.readLine() ) != null ){
// add the read word to the wordList
rowOfTransition = word.split(", ");
transArray[index]=rowOfTransition;
System.out.println(index+" "+transArray[index][0]+" "+transArray[index][1]+" "+transArray[index][2]);
index++;
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();}
finally {
try {
br.close();}
catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();}
}
transitions = transArray;
return transitions;
}
}
Here is an example of a valid input text file:
0, 1
q0, q1, q2
q0
q2
q0, 0, q0
q0, 0, q1
q0, 1, q0
q1, 0, none
q1, 1, q2
Now I know that the error is occuring on the readTransitions function on the following line:
transArray[index]=rowOfTransition;
Perhaps the problem is the way I have defined transArray as
String[][] transArray = new String[5][3];
? I know that the number of columns are always going to be 3 but the number of rows can be any number and since in my test file I knew there were only 5 lines to read I put five in there thinking I'll find a way of specifying number of rows later (read: I don't know how to read the number of lines left in the text file from the 5th line to the last line yet).
In case it is relevant here is the rest of my code that calls the readTransitions function
2. The NFAtoDFA class at the moment has a method called GetTransitions which wants to find out on a certain input state (always in first column) and certain input symbol (always in second column) what is the state that gets transitioned to.
Code:
package thisPacket;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.Stack;
public class NFAtoDFA {
WordReader wr = new WordReader();
//! Returns all transitions from this state on specific input
public String[] getTransition(String symbol, String inputState)
{
String[] transTo = null;
int index=0;
String[][] trans = wr.readTransitions("eg of a valid input nfa.txt");
for (int i=0; i==trans.length; i++){
if ((trans[i][0]==inputState)&&(trans[i][1] == symbol)) {
transTo[index] = trans[i][2];
index++;
}
}
for (int i =0; i==transTo.length; i++)
System.out.println("transTo");
System.out.println(transTo);
return transTo;
}
}
And finally 3. Runnable class calls the getTransition method:
Code:
package thisPacket;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
public class Runnable {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
WordReader wr = new WordReader();
NFAtoDFA n2d = new NFAtoDFA();
BufferedReader br;
n2d.getTransition("0","q0");
}
}
The error I get on running Runnable is:
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: 5
at thisPacket.WordReader.readTransitions(WordReader.java:140)
at thisPacket.NFAtoDFA.getTransition(NFAtoDFA.java:38)
at thisPacket.Runnable.main(Runnable.java:15)
I have tried changing the transArray to [10][10] and whatever else and that doesn't work. I probably am not using 2-d arrays correctly. Any insight into how I can solve my problem would be very much appreciated. Thank you.


Play Framework Primer - Scaffolding
23 May 2019In the previous article, we created a very stripped down REST application with only one controller end point using Play framework and scala. We assembled it piece by piece while going a little deep into what purpose each component in the final directory structure does.
We also learned how to add custom configurations and finally how to import the project into intellij for easier development. With the bare basics clear, now we will proceed to learn more about play framework. I thought it best to build from the official Play framework template which has more components in the directory structure.
The example we used in the previous article was assembled from scratch to enable us to use only the critical files/directories without which it would not run.
By contrast, in the template we will use in this article, there will be more files/directories that may be important but not critical and we will keep diving deeper and swimming wider to learn more about how to build applications with play framework.
This article will form part 1 of a series am working on, all revolving around the basic template offered by the wonderful folks building the framework. I intend to cover scaffolding, routing, templating, logging, testing, database connection and more.
Create a play application with sbt
Most web frameworks heavily use build tools to make developers’ lives easier, favoring the concept of convention over configuration.
With a build tool, you get access to commands to enable you do usually tedious tasks like compiling, fetching dependencies, building and testing your application.
Examples include maven, gradle, npm, yarn etc. The most popular build tool used by Play developers is sbt
. Before that, we used one called activator
and even before that, Play
.
To create a new web application from a template, we use sbt new <template-name>
. We will use the playframework/play-scala-seed.g8
template as below:
After this command, you will be prompted for a project name which will default to play-scala-seed
if you by pass and just press enter. For this example, input play-scaffold-basic
.
You will also be asked for organization name which should be your package root by convention. I used io.egimaben
.
To bypass the prompts and create your application in one command, you can provide param names for them as below:
I should mention that the template name should be a valid git repo as sbt
will have to clone it and seed off that. That means that you can also create your own template/seed/scaffold to suit your needs and probably share with the world
Run Application
The template is now applied and the project is ready to run. I will not spend time on commands we already covered in the previous article.
When the above commands finish executing, you can visit the page at http://localhost:9000
or replace 9000
with whichever port the server has provided.
Directory structure
Now let us take a look at the resulting directory structure:
There are several files and directories that were not present in the stripped down example we used in the previous article, we will focus on these.
We can immediately see that this is a more complete web application than the previous with tests, a log file, more configuration options plus more. Let’s explore some of these in more depth.
Views
The template we used provides a near complete MVC (model-view-controller) style example. In our example there is no models
directory but there is now both controllers
and views
.
models
should be in the same hierarchy under app
but the simplicity of this template does not warrant its presence.
The views
directory is where html
style templates live and they power the front end of our application.
They interact seamlessly with the controllers using scala as we will see with more detail in a later part of this series.
Test
The test
directory is where all automated tests you write will reside. Conventionally, the package and file names of the files you are testing should be reflected in the tests
directory.
In our project, we only have one controller called HomeController
which is in the default package i.e. no package name. So its test file is called HomeControllerSpec
.
I personally prefer to name it HomeControllerTest
.
If for example, our controller was in a package like io.egimaben.HomeController
, my test file would be io.egimaben.HomeControllerTest
. This kind of organization brings more clarity to a project.
Public
This directory contains your front end resources i.e. images, javascript and css. These are used by the views.
Logs
Application log files reside in the logs
directory. We will see later how to do more customizations fit for a production grade application.
Conf
The configuration directory was covered in the previous article but since there are more files in this case than before, we will discuss abit about them.
Play will use logback.xml
as the single source of truth for logging configuration. We will go into further details in a later part of the series.
By default, the file looks like below and this defines the default state of config used by Play:
The messages
file is used for internationalization and multi-language support as we will see in another article.
Conclusion
In this article, we scaffolded a working play application using an existing template. It extends the previous article where we built an application from scratch.
Here, we looked at a more fleshy web app with more of features one would typically need in a real production application. As I said at the beginning, this is part 1 of a series, next, we will cover routing.


India-the vast glorious land, being blessed with diverse culture and intensely beautiful landscapes, cannot be covered in a single trip. Every new tour to India will help you discover something new and have memorable experiences.
A web developer is a programmer who specializes in, or is specifically engaged in, the development of World Wide Web applications, or applications that are run ...
All of those things are front end development. While web design is the way a website looks, front end development is how that design actually gets implemented on the web.
A back-end developer is a type of programmer who creates the logical back-end and core computational logic of a website, software or information system.


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timeago.js
a tiny / simple library
What ?
timeago.js is a tiny(2kb) library used to format date with `*** time ago`. eg: '3 hours ago'. No dependency. and support automatically updating fuzzy timestamps (e.g. "4 minutes ago" or "about 1 day ago"). Download, view the examples, and enjoy.
You opened this page . (This will update automatically. Wait for it.)
Hustcc was born Aug 01, 1989.
Why ?
timeago.js was built to format date with `*** time ago` statement.
- Avoid timestamps dated "1 minute ago" even though the page was opened 10 minutes ago; timeago refreshes automatically.
- You can take full advantage of page caching in your web applications, because the timestamps aren't calculated on the server.
- Very tiny(less than 2kb), and has no dependency, e.g. jQuery.
How ?
First, load and install timeago.js library:
npm install timeago.js
Load timeago.js library file with script tag:

Or you can use ES6 style:
import timeago from 'timeago.js'; // or var timeago = require("timeago.js");
Now, let's attach it to your timestamps on DOM ready:
timeago().render(document.querySelectorAll('.need_to_be_rendered')); // or use jquery selector timeago().render($('.need_to_be_rendered'));
This will realtime render all selected(javascript DOM selector, or jQuery selector all are supported) elements with a class of need_to_be_rendered.
July 07, 2016
You can also use it programmatically:
timeago().format(new Date()); //=> "" timeago(null, 'zh_CN').format('2016-09-07') //=> "" timeago().format(1473245023718); //=> ""
Locales register ?
Yes, timeago.js has locale/i18n/language support. Here are some configuration examples. Please submit a GitHub pull request for corrections or additional languages.
var locale = function(number, index, total_sec) { // number: the timeago / timein number; // index: the index of array below; // total_sec: total seconds between date to be formatted and today's date; return [ ['just now', 'right now'], ['%s seconds ago', 'in %s seconds'], ['1 minute ago', 'in 1 minute'], ['%s minutes ago', 'in %s minutes'], ['1 hour ago', 'in 1 hour'], ['%s hours ago', 'in %s hours'], ['1 day ago', 'in 1 day'], ['%s days ago', 'in %s days'], ['1 week ago', 'in 1 week'], ['%s weeks ago', 'in %s weeks'], ['1 month ago', 'in 1 month'], ['%s months ago', 'in %s months'], ['1 year ago', 'in 1 year'], ['%s years ago', 'in %s years'] ][index]; }; timeago.register('pt_BR', locale); var timeagoInstance = timeago(); // then you can use it timeagoInstance.format(1473245023718, 'pt_BR');
Where ?
Package is managed with npm. so npm install timeago.js will be the latest version.
The code is hosted on GitHub: http://github.com/hustcc/timeago.js.
Who ?
timeago.js was built by Hustcc while standing on the shoulders of giants.
What else ?
Other timeago, welcome to pull a request.
Do you use timeago.js ?
Great! Please let me know, and can add into the README.


RUN XSCHEM
Assuming xschem is installed in one of the ${PATH} search paths just execute:
user:~$ xschem
the xschem window should appear. If xschem is not in the search path then specify its full pathname.
if a filename is given that file will be loaded on startup:
user:~$ xschem .../xschem_library/examples/0_examples_top.sch
XSCHEM COMMAND LINE OPTIONS
xschem accepts short (-h) or long (--help) options:
usage: xschem [options] [schematic | symbol ] Options: -h --help Print this help. -b --batch Detach Xschem from console. -n --netlist Do a netlist of the given schematic cell. -v --version Print version information and exit. -V --vhdl Set netlist type to VHDL. -S --simulate Run a simulation of the current schematc file (spice/Verilog/VHDL, depending on the netlist type chosen). -w --verilog Set netlist type to Verilog. --tcl <tcl_script> Execute specified tcl instructions before any other action, this can be used to change xschemrc variables. --script <file> Execute specified tcl file as a command script (perhaps with xschem commands). --tcp_port <number> Listen to specified tcp port for client connections. (number >=1024). -i --no_rcload Do not load any xschemrc file. -o <file> Set output path for netlist. --netlist_path <file> -N <file> Set name (only name, not path) of top level netlist file. --netlist_filename <file> -t --tedax Set netlist type to tEDAx. -s --spice Set netlist type to SPICE. -x --no_x Don't use X (only command mode). -z --rainbow Use a raibow-looking layer color table. -W --waves Show simulation waveforms. -f --flat_netlist Set flat netlist (for spice format only). -r --no_readline Start without the tclreadline package ( this is necessary if stdin and stdout are to be redirected for example to /dev/null). -c --color_ps Set color postscript. --plotfile <file> Use <file> as output for plot (png, svg, ps). --rcfile <file> Use <file> as a rc file for startup instead of the default xschemrc. -p --postscript --pdf Export pdf schematic. --png Export png schematic. --svg Export svg schematic. -q --quit Quit after doing things (no interactive mode). -l <file> --log <file> Set a log file. -d <n> --debug <n> Set debug level: 1, 2, 3,.. C program debug. -1, -2, -3... TCL frontend debug. xschem: interactive schematic capture program Example: xschem counter.sch the schematic file `counter.sch' will be loaded.
CREATING A NEW SCHEMATIC
To create a new schematic run xschem and give a non existent filename:
xschem aaa.sch
You can save the schematic by pressing '<ctrl shift>s' or by using the menu File - Save As:
If no filename change is needed you can just use File - Save. Now a new empty schematic file is created. You can use this test.sch for testing while reading the manual. After exiting XSCHEM you can load directly this schematic with the following commands, they are all equivalent.
xschem /home/schippes/x/test.sch # or ... xschem ${HOME}/schippes/x/test
you can load test.sch when xschem is running by using the load command '<ctrl>o' key or by menu Open command. Use the file selector dialog to locate the schematic and load it in. When loading a new file XSCHEM asks to save the currently loaded schematic if it has been modified.


With WKND Adventures, you don't just see the world -- you experience its cultures, flavors and wonders.
Current Adventures
All
Climbing
Cycling
Skiing
Surfing
Travel
Beervana in PortlandThis adventure will provide insider access to spectacular local breweries that define the taste and experience of Oregon beer culture and tradition.
Climbing New ZealandLet us help you make your New Zealand climbing vacation a memory you will cherish forever! Come join us for a guided rock climbing adventure in the mountains that trained Sir Edmund Hilary.
Cycling TuscanyVisiting Tuscany on a bicycle is about experiencing the old world charm of Italy on your own terms.
Downhill Skiing WyomingA skiers paradise far from crowds and close to nature with terrain so vast it appears uncharted. With 2,500 acres of legendary terrain, unmatched levels of snowfall each winter, and unparalleled backcountry access, Jackson Hole offers a truly unique skiing experience.
Ski Touring Mont BlancThis adventure includes 5 days of ski touring topped off with the ascent of Mont Blanc, the highest point in Western Europe.
Surf Camp in Costa RicaCosta Rica is the ideal location for a first surf trip. It is a safe place to travel and the locals are quite friendly and happy to see other surfers.
Whistler Mountain BikingWhistler is often considered North America’s preeminent mountain bike destination. Let us show you why.
Climbing New ZealandLet us help you make your New Zealand climbing vacation a memory you will cherish forever! Come join us for a guided rock climbing adventure in the mountains that trained Sir Edmund Hilary.
Whistler Mountain BikingWhistler is often considered North America’s preeminent mountain bike destination. Let us show you why.
Cycling TuscanyVisiting Tuscany on a bicycle is about experiencing the old world charm of Italy on your own terms.
Downhill Skiing WyomingA skiers paradise far from crowds and close to nature with terrain so vast it appears uncharted. With 2,500 acres of legendary terrain, unmatched levels of snowfall each winter, and unparalleled backcountry access, Jackson Hole offers a truly unique skiing experience.
Ski Touring Mont BlancThis adventure includes 5 days of ski touring topped off with the ascent of Mont Blanc, the highest point in Western Europe.
Surf Camp in Costa RicaCosta Rica is the ideal location for a first surf trip. It is a safe place to travel and the locals are quite friendly and happy to see other surfers.
Beervana in PortlandThis adventure will provide insider access to spectacular local breweries that define the taste and experience of Oregon beer culture and tradition.
Cycling TuscanyVisiting Tuscany on a bicycle is about experiencing the old world charm of Italy on your own terms.


Quad(definition)
Quad provides a convenient representation of a quadrilateral. This is useful for specifying Sprite.shape and Sprite.tex_shape.
definition can be in a number of forms:
- A tuple with four vertexes.
For example: ((0,1), (1,1), (1,0), (0,0)).
- A tuple with the format (left, top, right, bottom).
For example: (0, 1, 1, 0). You can also think of this as (x1, y1, x2, y2), giving the top-left and bottom-right corners of a rectangle.
- A tuple in the format of pyglet's Texture.tex_coords attribute.
(This, is a flattened tuple giving each vertex in three dimensions. The third dimension will be discarded.)
Quad has a number of properties to make modifying it easier. The width and height properties will scale the vertexes from the center, but all other properties will move all vertexes the same amount. (e.g., assigning to left will move the right side as well: the width says the same.)
The y coordinate of the bottom-most point.
The height between the top-most and bottom-most vertexes.
Assigning to this property will scale all vertexes from the center. So the y property will remain the same, but top and bottom properties will change.
The x coordinate of the left-most point.
The x coordinate of the right-most point.
The y coordinate of the top-most point.
The width between the left-most and right-most vertexes.
Assigning to this property will scale all vertexes from the center. So the x property will remain the same, but left and right properties will change.
Halfway between left and right.
The coordinates of the center of the Quad.
Halfway between top and bottom.


{% extends template.self %} {% block page %} {{ super() }}
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{% extends "halls/base.html" %} {% block content %} Welcome to Hall Of Fame Website to share your Hall Of Fame to the World Get Started
{{video.title}}


PUSH BACK THE DARKNESS
Thank you very much for your interest in organizing an event!
In order to facilitate a broader discussion in cities across Canada, this page describes a template for when and how events can be held which support this initiative.
Event Agenda
The event should start at ~7pm local time on January 29th. Though the duration is up to you as the event organizer, a suggestion on an agenda is as follows:
What we need to know from you
Our recommendations for hosting this event
- If possible, host this at a central civic location such as a city hall or library. Hosting the event at a place of worship such as a church or a mosque may make it more difficult for people outside of that community to attend the event
- Please choose a place of prominence, such as a public atrium in a central civic location, to hang this poster in once completed with the signatures and messages of event attendees


http://action.vday.org/site/R?i=DIuvJcGghYgkSZ48yo6b1g
http://action.vday.org/site/R?i=ufxo0LzDX_55CKtf1EdD_A
http://action.vday.org/site/R?i=pWAgJDqz6VFiq3-8JWi8mw
http://action.vday.org/site/R?i=yN5MtviIms2cSj7Hmfcxnw
Learn the Steps to BREAK THE CHAIN: “How To” Video NOW Available!
http://action.vday.org/site/R?i=G_oJJK-TmEmGl9FBQs3hvw
We are pleased to share with you a “how to” video of Debbie Allen’s
choreography to the ONE BILLION RISING
http://action.vday.org/site/R?i=HVLdqeKrGF7kVglHsyBc5w
dance anthem BREAK THE CHAIN!
Activists in 182 countries are staging One Billion Rising events, many
are using “Break The Chain” for flash mobs in high profile locations.
Watch this video and dance the day away! And be sure to let us know
what you are doing sign up your events on onebillionrising.org
http://action.vday.org/site/R?i=1FLKLJp2CIG4PeoHNViN6A
.
Special shout out to the incredible Senior dance class at Brooklyn
High School of the Arts for teaching Debbie’s moves!
LEARN the dance! >
http://action.vday.org/site/R?i=I1Mmd0UNhT2oK1-VOqSN7w
Once you learn the moves, plan a flash mob! >
http://action.vday.org/site/R?i=MGcYV5iQGd-TOXIvWDqftg
Watch BREAK THE CHAIN Music Video >
http://action.vday.org/site/R?i=ElyVPcBPgrQWtpgBk7c0kA
DOWNLOAD BREAK THE CHAIN >
http://action.vday.org/site/R?i=LGYI0MY_zv3lLQSthvoKRA
LAST CHANCE to see Emotional Creature Off Broadway!
This Sunday, January 13th, Eve’s play
http://action.vday.org/site/R?i=U1OaAJdp4rpQOaV6tfPzyw
Emotional Creature will end its limited engagement Off-Broadway.
Tickets are still available for the remaining performances, so if you
have not seen it yet, get your tickets now before it’s too late!
PURCHASE tickets >
http://action.vday.org/site/R?i=xl3gBYBpUqxKcwH-yeOx2Q
Produced Off Broadway by V-Day Board members Carole Black and Pat
Mitchell, and directed by Obie Award-winner Jo Bonney with original
music and musical direction by Charl-Johan Lingenfelder, Emotional
Creature began previews at The Romulus Linney Courtyard Theatre at The
Pershing Square Signature Center (480 West 42nd Street) on Friday,
October 26, 2012, and officially opened on Monday, November 12, 2012.
The cast includes Ashley Bryant, Molly Carden; Emily S. Grosland, Sade
Namei, Olivia Oguma, and Courtney Thomas.
DON’T MISS Emotional Creature! PURCHASE tickets today >
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Username: alex01 Address: 2572 Orphan Road Titles of shared posts by the user: Painting is everything Titles of which the user is the author: Spring in the garden, Winter is coming
Username: alex01 Address: 2572 Orphan Road Titles of shared posts by the user: Painting is everything Titles of which the user is the author: Spring in the garden, Winter is coming


Look inside the Carlton pub grotto with own ice kingdom and Christmas train
Advance tickets to the festive pop-up sold out in a matter of days
by Rachel GormanNarnia was found through a wardrobe, Neverland was past the second star on the right and, as it turns out, Santa's most over-the-top grotto is hidden in the upstairs' function room of a Carlton pub.
A true labour of love, husband and wife publican team Louise and Brian Howard-Blades, have been piecing together the winter wonderland pop-up at the Nag's Head, in Carlton Hill, since the end of Halloween.
New for this year is a magical ice kingdom area and new 'hop-in' Christmas train, handmade by Brian, the muscle behind his wife's elaborate plans.
"We had ladders criss-crossing on the stairs," says Louise, who started the tradition with Brian eight years ago, back in their hometown of Doncaster.
View gallery
"Health and safety is not a priority," the 43-year-old laughs, "I did say we could get some of that scaffolding but he said there wasn't enough time. He's always up and down ladders I'm convinced he'll be in hospital with a broken leg before Christmas."
He's avoided disaster thus far however, which is just as well as he'll be playing the main man himself during grotto opening hours. Advance tickets sold out within a matter of days but there are still some walk-in places available.
"We saw 18 children in just two hours on Friday," says Louise, who is already drawing up plans for a possible Easter grotto.
"I hate taking down the Christmas decoration down, I wish they could stay up all year but realistically if we want to start building new props we have to get started in the new year," she adds.
It's the third time have brought a sprinkling of Yuletide magic to the Nag's Head.
To start with there was just an armchair for Santa and a red curtain backdrop but now it has bloomed into an all-signing, all-dancing interactive festive bonanza.
Open until Christmas Eve, Santa will be in his grotto 4pm-6pm daily except on Saturdays.
Visits are £4.50 a child and includes a selection box and a book as well as plenty of time to check out the moving ornaments, train sets, elves, gingerbread men, reindeer, nut crackers and animatronic animals.
With the General Election approaching we want to give you all the results and reactions as they happen. Join our new WhatsApp service to receive breaking news alerts throughout the night by texting ELECTION to<PHONE_NUMBER>2. The first messages will go out December 12 after polls close.


The web site cannot connect to a local USB port. In order to connect to a machine you need a running "serial-server". Please install the "serial-server" from https://github.com/aiten/CNCLib


Black Star’s long-awaited new album is “done”, says Talib Kweli
The project was initially announced early last year
Black Star’s Talib Kweli has confirmed that their long-awaited reunion album is finished – check out the clip below.
Yasiin Bey – aka Mos Def – first announced that the hip-hop duo would be returning with a Madlib-produced new record back in February 2018.
Appearing on Apple Music’s Beats 1 to discuss Gang Starr’s new album ‘One Of The Best Yet‘ this week, Kweli was pressed on when the new Black Star LP is likely to materialise.
“This project with Madlib is done,” Kweli replied. “We’re just trying to figure out when and how to release it.”
In another unaired clip, he added: “That’s a confirmed thing. I listen to it all the time.”
The pair have only released one full-length to date, with 1998’s ‘Mos Def & Talib Kweli Are Black Star’. It celebrated its 20th anniversary in September last year.
Back in 2011, Black Star shared the single ‘Fix Up’ – originally penned for a scrapped Aretha Franklin-inspired mixtape. They later released ‘You Already Know’, which was also meant to appear on the collection.
Kweli and Bey, meanwhile, are scheduled to perform two live shows in the US later this month. They will take to the stage in Denver and Boston on November 23 and November 29 respectively.
In November 2016, Yasiin Bey announced his retirement and a series of “farewell” shows. This came after he was allowed to leave South Africa after being detained in the country since January that year.


lxsession-default - Launching default applications set by LXSession
lxsession-default [COMMAND] [OPTIONS]
lxsession-default is a wrapper around LXSession D-Bus interface, which launch default applications set by LXsession.
COMMAND is the application you want to launch, and the ones available are define in desktop.conf.examples.
OPTIONS are available if the COMMAND accept it.
Example : To launch file_manager/command set in desktop.conf, use : lxsession-default file_manager
Julien Lavergne<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Man page written to conform with Debian by Julien Lavergne.


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import re
import importlib
import warnings
from gym import error, logger
# This format is true today, but it's *not* an official spec.
# [username/](env-name)-v(version) env-name is group 1, version is group 2
#
# 2016-10-31: We're experimentally expanding the environment ID format
# to include an optional username.
env_id_re = re.compile(r'^(?:[\w:-]+\/)?([\w:.-]+)-v(\d+)$')
def load(name):
mod_name, attr_name = name.split(":")
mod = importlib.import_module(mod_name)
fn = getattr(mod, attr_name)
return fn
class EnvSpec(object):
"""A specification for a particular instance of the environment. Used
to register the parameters for official evaluations.
Args:
id (str): The official environment ID
entry_point (Optional[str]): The Python entrypoint of the environment class (e.g. module.name:Class)
reward_threshold (Optional[int]): The reward threshold before the task is considered solved
kwargs (dict): The kwargs to pass to the environment class
nondeterministic (bool): Whether this environment is non-deterministic even after seeding
tags (dict[str:any]): A set of arbitrary key-value tags on this environment, including simple property=True tags
max_episode_steps (Optional[int]): The maximum number of steps that an episode can consist of
Attributes:
id (str): The official environment ID
"""
def __init__(self, id, entry_point=None, reward_threshold=None, kwargs=None, nondeterministic=False, tags=None, max_episode_steps=None):
self.id = id
# Evaluation parameters
self.reward_threshold = reward_threshold
# Environment properties
self.nondeterministic = nondeterministic
self.entry_point = entry_point
if tags is None:
tags = {}
self.tags = tags
tags['wrapper_config.TimeLimit.max_episode_steps'] = max_episode_steps
self.max_episode_steps = max_episode_steps
# We may make some of these other parameters public if they're
# useful.
match = env_id_re.search(id)
if not match:
raise error.Error('Attempted to register malformed environment ID: {}. (Currently all IDs must be of the form {}.)'.format(id, env_id_re.pattern))
self._env_name = match.group(1)
self._kwargs = {} if kwargs is None else kwargs
def make(self, **kwargs):
"""Instantiates an instance of the environment with appropriate kwargs"""
if self.entry_point is None:
raise error.Error('Attempting to make deprecated env {}. (HINT: is there a newer registered version of this env?)'.format(self.id))
_kwargs = self._kwargs.copy()
_kwargs.update(kwargs)
if callable(self.entry_point):
env = self.entry_point(**_kwargs)
else:
cls = load(self.entry_point)
env = cls(**_kwargs)
# Make the enviroment aware of which spec it came from.
env.unwrapped.spec = self
return env
def __repr__(self):
return "EnvSpec({})".format(self.id)
class EnvRegistry(object):
"""Register an env by ID. IDs remain stable over time and are
guaranteed to resolve to the same environment dynamics (or be
desupported). The goal is that results on a particular environment
should always be comparable, and not depend on the version of the
code that was running.
"""
def __init__(self):
self.env_specs = {}
def make(self, path, **kwargs):
if len(kwargs) > 0:
logger.info('Making new env: %s (%s)', path, kwargs)
else:
logger.info('Making new env: %s', path)
spec = self.spec(path)
env = spec.make(**kwargs)
# We used to have people override _reset/_step rather than
# reset/step. Set _gym_disable_underscore_compat = True on
# your environment if you use these methods and don't want
# compatibility code to be invoked.
if hasattr(env, "_reset") and hasattr(env, "_step") and not getattr(env, "_gym_disable_underscore_compat", False):
patch_deprecated_methods(env)
if (env.spec.max_episode_steps is not None) and not spec.tags.get('vnc'):
from gym.wrappers.time_limit import TimeLimit
env = TimeLimit(env, max_episode_steps=env.spec.max_episode_steps)
return env
def all(self):
return self.env_specs.values()
def spec(self, path):
if ':' in path:
mod_name, _sep, id = path.partition(':')
try:
importlib.import_module(mod_name)
# catch ImportError for python2.7 compatibility
except ImportError:
raise error.Error('A module ({}) was specified for the environment but was not found, make sure the package is installed with `pip install` before calling `gym.make()`'.format(mod_name))
else:
id = path
match = env_id_re.search(id)
if not match:
raise error.Error('Attempted to look up malformed environment ID: {}. (Currently all IDs must be of the form {}.)'.format(id.encode('utf-8'), env_id_re.pattern))
try:
return self.env_specs[id]
except KeyError:
# Parse the env name and check to see if it matches the non-version
# part of a valid env (could also check the exact number here)
env_name = match.group(1)
matching_envs = [valid_env_name for valid_env_name, valid_env_spec in self.env_specs.items()
if env_name == valid_env_spec._env_name]
if matching_envs:
raise error.DeprecatedEnv('Env {} not found (valid versions include {})'.format(id, matching_envs))
else:
raise error.UnregisteredEnv('No registered env with id: {}'.format(id))
def register(self, id, **kwargs):
if id in self.env_specs:
raise error.Error('Cannot re-register id: {}'.format(id))
self.env_specs[id] = EnvSpec(id, **kwargs)
# Have a global registry
registry = EnvRegistry()
def register(id, **kwargs):
return registry.register(id, **kwargs)
[docs]def make(id, **kwargs):
return registry.make(id, **kwargs)
def spec(id):
return registry.spec(id)
warn_once = True
def patch_deprecated_methods(env):
"""
Methods renamed from '_method' to 'method', render() no longer has 'close' parameter, close is a separate method.
For backward compatibility, this makes it possible to work with unmodified environments.
"""
global warn_once
if warn_once:
logger.warn("Environment '%s' has deprecated methods '_step' and '_reset' rather than 'step' and 'reset'. Compatibility code invoked. Set _gym_disable_underscore_compat = True to disable this behavior." % str(type(env)))
warn_once = False
env.reset = env._reset
env.step = env._step
env.seed = env._seed
def render(mode):
return env._render(mode, close=False)
def close():
env._render("human", close=True)
env.render = render
env.close = close


Linear regression is probably the most basic example of a machine learning algorithms.
Simple linear regression
Finding the coefficients from scratch
In the case of simple linear regression, we just have one independent variable and one dependent variable. Let’s say we have \(n\) observations \((x_i, y_i)\) and we want to find a linear equations that predict y \(\hat{y_i}\) based on a given \(x_i\).
\[y_i = \beta_0 + \beta_1 x_i + \epsilon_i\]
- \(x_i\) is the independent variable (aka: predictor, explanatory variable)
- \(\beta_0\) and \(\beta_1\) are parameters of our model that have to be found.
- \(\beta_0\) is the intercept (value of y when x=0)
- \(\beta_1\) is the slope of our linear model
- \(\epsilon_i\) is the residual or error term of the \(i^{th}\) observations
- From a probabilistic perspective, \(\epsilon\) can be seen as a random variable with the following properties: \(E(\epsilon)=0\) and \(Var(\epsilon)= \sigma_{\epsilon}^2 = \sigma^2\)
- \(\hat{y_i}\) is the estimated or predicted value of y. In that sense \(\hat{y_i} = \beta_0 + \beta_1 x_i\). The error term is then the difference between the actual y and the predicted y: \(\epsilon_i = y_i - \hat{y_i}\)
The cost function (or loss function) is to minimize the sum of squared error. In that sense, we seek to minimize \[ \text{min } SSE = min \sum_{i=1}^{n} \epsilon_i^2 = \underset{\beta_0, \beta1}{argmin} \sum_{i=1}^{n} (y_i-\beta_0 - \beta_1 x_i)^2 \tag{1}\]
To minimize the SSE, we will need to use partial derivatives for both coefficients and solve it for 0.
Let’s first focus on \(\beta_0\)
\[\frac{\partial SSE}{\partial \beta_0} = -2 \sum_{i=1}^{n} (y_i-\beta_0 - \beta_1 x_i) = 0\] Breaking down our sum: \[\sum_{i=1}^{n} y_i - \sum_{i=1}^{n} \beta_0 - \sum_{i=1}^{n} \beta_1 x_i = 0\] \(\beta0\) and \(\beta_1\) are coefficient, hence: \[\sum_{i=1}^{n} y_i - n \beta_0 - \beta_1 \sum_{i=1}^{n} x_i = 0\] and \[\beta_0 = \frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n} y_i - \beta_1 \sum_{i=1}^{n} x_i}{n}\] \(\bar{y} = \frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n} y_i}{n}\) (mean of y values) and \(\bar{x}=\frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n} x_i}{n}\) (mean of x values).
and our previous equation can then be simplified as \[\beta_0 = \bar{y} - \beta_1 \bar{x} \tag{2}\]
Let’s now address the second partial derivative wrt \(\beta_1\).
\[\frac{\partial SSE}{\partial \beta_1} = -2 \sum_{i=1}^{n} x_i (y_i-\beta_0 - \beta_1 x_i) = 0\].
Distributing the \(x_i\) and substituting in the value of \(\beta_0\) from Equation 2
\[\sum_{i=1}^{n} (x_i y_i - x_i (\bar{y} - \beta_1 \bar{x}) - \beta_1 x_i^2) = 0\].
Factoring \(\beta_1\) and breaking down the sum and being careful to the sign, we get: \[\beta_1 = \frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n} x_i (y_i - \bar{y})}{\sum_{i=1}^{n} x_i (x_i - \bar{x})} \tag{3}\]
Knowing \(\bar{x} = \frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n} x_i}{n}\) and \(\bar{y} = \frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n} y_i}{n}\), we can get one step further (have a common denominator with over n). I have also removed the index on the sum for readability.
\[\beta_1 = \frac{n \Sigma x_i y_i - \Sigma x_i \Sigma y_i}{n \Sigma x_i^2 - (\Sigma x_i)^2} \tag{4}\]
We can now use the values of \(\beta_0\) Equation 2 and \(\beta_1\) Equation 4 into our estimate of y: \(\hat{y_i} = \beta_0 + \beta_1 x_i\)
Linking the slope and covariance
While going over some textbooks or online resources, we find another formula for the slope of our regression line. That formula involve the covariance and or the Pearson coefficient of correlation.
\[\beta_1 = \frac{Cov(x, y)}{\sigma^2 x} \tag{5}\]
Now let’s connect both Equation 3 and Equation 5
I’ll rewrite Equation 3 in a slightly simpler form just to lighten the notation \[\beta_1 = \frac{\sum x_i (y_i - \bar{y})}{\sum x_i (x_i - \bar{x})}\]
Now, it can be noted that that \(\sum (x_i - \bar{x}) = 0\) or similarly \(\sum (y_i - \bar{y}) = 0\). Hence \(\bar{x} \sum (y_i - \bar{y}) = 0\)
Considering \(\bar{x}\) or \(\bar{y}\) are constant, we could also write \(\sum \bar{x} (y_i - \bar{y}) = 0\) and similarly \(\sum \bar{x} (x_i - \bar{x}) = 0\).
With that in mind, we can now, go back on our Equation 3 \[\beta_1 = \frac{\sum x_i (y_i - \bar{y})}{\sum x_i (x_i - \bar{x})} = \frac{\sum x_i (y_i - \bar{y}) - \sum \bar{x} (y_i - \bar{y})}{\sum x_i (x_i - \bar{x}) - \sum \bar{x} (x_i - \bar{x})}\]
\[\beta1 = \frac{\sum (x_i - \bar{x}) (y_i - \bar{y})}{\sum (x_i - \bar{x})^2}\]
Defining \(Cov(x, y) = \frac{\sum (x_i - \bar{x}) (y_i - \bar{y})}{n}\) and \(\sigma_x = \sqrt{\frac{\sum (x_i - \bar{x})^2}{n}}\)
We can finally rewrite
\[\beta_1 = \frac{Cov(x, y)}{\sigma_x^2}\]
Finally, if we want to involve the Pearson coefficient of correlation \(\rho = \frac{Cov(x, y)}{\sigma_x \sigma_y}\), we could also re-write our slope as \[\beta_1 = \rho \frac{\sigma_y}{\sigma_x}\]
Considerations when doing linear regression
- Start with a scatter plot to check if data have a linear trend. No points of doing a linear regression on a set of data, if data are not showing a linear trend.
- How well the data fits the regression line (correlation) have NO incidence on causality. Correlation is no indication of causation
- Variables have to be normally distributed. This can be checked using histogram or QQ-plot or some other stat tests - Shapiro-Wilk test, Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Skewness and kurtosis can also be used for that. In case of violation of this assumption, a Box-Cox transformation could be used.
- Homoscedasticity in the residuals. Variance in the spread of residuals should be constant.
- Error terms are normally distributed (visual: histogram, QQ-plot)
- In the case of multi-variables linear regression, ensure no correlation between independent variables


Laravel 4 On Demand Image Post-processing package (Image manipulation on the fly).
This tool generates images on the fly by request. The image is always sent over the HTTP server for better performance.
View Github repository »


Choice Response Time
This shows a left or right arrow and expects a left or right cursor key response.


Rosella:
Take the letter I gave you to
Magister Greenis in the Elven Village.
If you ask her for help, she will tell you about the ruby that symbolizes fire.


OTTO AUTOMATIONS
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Before Change
user_features,
item_features)
if self.loss == "warp-kos" and sample_weight is not None:
raise NotImplementedError("k-OS loss with sample weights "
"not implemented.")
interactions = self._to_cython_dtype(interactions)
user_features = self._to_cython_dtype(user_features)
item_features = self._to_cython_dtype(item_features)
sample_weight = (self._to_cython_dtype(sample_weight)
if sample_weight is not None else
np.ones(interactions.getnnz(),
dtype=CYTHON_DTYPE))
if self.item_embeddings is None:
// Initialise latent factors only if this is the first call
// to fit_partial.
self._initialize(self.no_components,
item_features.shape[1],
user_features.shape[1])
// Check that the dimensionality of the feature matrices has
// not changed between runs.
if not item_features.shape[1] == self.item_embeddings.shape[0]:
raise ValueError("Incorrect number of features in item_features")
if not user_features.shape[1] == self.user_embeddings.shape[0]:
raise ValueError("Incorrect number of features in user_features")
if sample_weight.ndim != 1:
raise ValueError("Sample weights must be 1-dimensional")
if sample_weight.shape[0] != interactions.getnnz():
raise ValueError("Number of sample weights incompatible "
"with number of interactions")
for epoch in range(epochs):
if verbose:
print("Epoch %s" % epoch)
After Change
// If that"s already true, this is a no-op.
interactions = interactions.tocoo()
if interactions.dtype != CYTHON_DTYPE:
interactions.data = interactions.data.astype(CYTHON_DTYPE)
sample_weight_data = self._process_sample_weight(interactions,
sample_weight)
n_users, n_items = interactions.shape


{{ define "main" }}
Download the correct Red binary version for your computer from here (takes only a few seconds, it's less than 1MB), and save it to a suitable directory.
Windows,
macOS,
Linux (*)
For Windows users: Run it by double-clicking on the Red binary file.
It will then automatically build the Red GUI-console.
Next time you double-click on the file, the GUI-console will automatically open.
For
Linux/OSX users: You need to open a terminal app to be able to run Red.
Once you have opened the terminal app, change to the directory in which you saved Red.
Now do chmod u+x <red-binary>, which will make sure
that Red can be run on your computer.
After that, run Red using ./<red-binary>. This will build the Red console.
Next time you run Red, the console will automatically open.


Ruth Bader Ginsburg Discharged From Hospital After Experiencing Fever And Chills
Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg was released from Johns Hopkins Hospitalin in Baltimore, Maryland on Sunday, according to Supreme Court spokesperson Kathy Arberg.
“Justice Ginsburg has been discharged from the hospital,” Arberg said in a statement. “She is home and doing well.”
Ginsburg was hospitalized on Friday night “after experiencing chills and fever earlier in the day,” Arberg said on Saturday in a press release. “She was initially evaluated at Sibley Memorial Hospital in Washington, D.C. before being transferred to Johns Hopkins Hospital for further evaluation and treatment of any possible infection.”
Ginsburg has experienced several health issues over the past year, including cancer. After undergoing three weeks of radiation treatment for a tumor on her pancreas in August, a spokesperson for the court said the tumor was “treated definitively” and that “there is no evidence of disease elsewhere in the body.”
This story has been updated.


JQuery ImgBox -
dev-version
jQuery plugin that draws a box over an image. The box can be decorated with CSS.
Project page
Use x and y co-ordinates with width and height.
Use coordinates x,y and x2,y2 with a css class to define the marker's look.
Wrap your image in anything like an anchor link.
Use with clickables, like alerts, to your
IMG
in the normal way.
Adjust either of the boxes. Click once to start drawing, click again to save.
Get the version number.
The version is
dev-version
and in title!


{% load static %} {% include 'header.html' %}
Fields with * are mandetory
Please Upload Your Passport Size Photo Max Size:300kb*
Please Upload Your Updated Resume Max Size:300kb*


National Statistics
The tables provide 2010 information on residency-based pupil attainment broken down by gender, free school meal eligibility and ethnicity.
Ref: SFR09/2011 PDF , 1.48MB , 1 page
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Reference Id: SFR09/2011
Publication type: Statistical First Release
Publication data: Underlying statistical data
Local authority data: LAD data
Region: England
Release date: 25 May 2011
Coverage status: Final/provisional
Publication status: Published
These latest statistics complement the 2009 attainment figures which were previously published on 13 May 2010. Institution-based tables for 2009 to 2010 were published on 25 May 2011. Pupil residency-based tables for 2009 to 2010 were published on 16 June 2011.
The following data is available.
Tables based on the geographic location of institution (early years setting, school or college):
Pupil residency-based tables:
The key points from the latest release are:
Institution-based tables:
Pupil residency-based tables:
Lizzie Brocklehurst
020 7783 8781
Published: 25 May 2011


| Link type | Type of the link to create (typically owl:sameAs) | required |
|---|---|---|
| Source SPARQL restriction | Restriction on URIs from the transformed data, written in SPARQL. | optional |
| Target SPARQL restriction | Restriction on URIs from the clean database, written in SPARQL. | optional |
| Linkage rule | Linkage rule itself, written in Silk-LSL. XML fragment <LinkageRule>...</LinkageRule> is expected. | required |
| Filter threshold | Real number, serves as a global threshold, links with lesser confidence will not be sent to any output. | optional |
| Link limit | Defines the number of links originating from a single data item. Only the n highest-rated links per source data item will remain after the filtering. If no limit is provided, all links will be returned. | optional |
See Link Specification Language for more detailed information about Silk-LSL.


Cyber Security
I chose to explore issues regarding cyber security in this post due to the recent incident involving Sony. In late November, Sony’s entire computer system was attacked by a group of hackers - ‘GOP’, or Guardians of Peace. This attack led to widespread dismay among the company, as classified information such as internal emails, future plans, and employee information had been compromised and was being leaked. Although cyber attacks have been a pressing security issue in the political sphere since the late 1980’s - when the first recognised worm - ‘The Morris worm’ - spread around computers in the United States, slowing down computers until they were inoperable, the attack on the Sony computer network put the issue largely on the mainstream’s radar.
As sensitive personal information is increasingly proliferated into the open through widely-used web and mobile applications, cyber security is a huge issue that faces the tech world today. This is especially true since many apps are crossing over into different areas, for example, from social media to finance - such as Snapchat’s payment feature - creating many applications that have many different types of sensitive information all in one place.
In a recent meeting where British Prime Minister David Cameron and President Obama discussed the issue of cybersecurity, David Cameron went as far as to suggest outlawing certain forms of encryption such as that found in the most widely used form of remote communication - iMessage (http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/jan/17/cameron-obama-ban-encryption-improve-cybersecurity). The results of this could be potentially catastrophic, and this type of a statement by a prominent country’s leader just shows how dire the cybersecurity issue is for national security.
I do not have solutions as to the issue of cybersecurity, or even suggestions of how to prevent future attacks; however, I do believe that marching forward into the world of creation and development in tech should be done cautiously and with the imminent threats of cyber attacks in mind. As seen with the Sony incident, these attacks have a low likelihood of being ‘harmless’, given how much personal information about each and every one of us is already out in the open online.