Chapter 1 R and Rstudio
Learning Objectives
- Be familiar with reasons to use R.
- Understand how R relates to RStudio.
- Be able to navigate the RStudio interface including the Script, Console, Environment, Help, Files, and Plots windows.
- Create an R Project in RStudio.
- Set a “working” directory.
- Send commands from the Script window to the Console in RStudio.
1.1 What is R? What is RStudio?
The term “R” is used to refer to both the programming language to write scripts and the software (“environment”) that interprets the scripts written in R. It is an alternative to statistical packages like SAS, SPSS, or Stata, which lets you perform a wide variety of data analysis, statistics, and visualization.
RStudio is currently a very popular way to not only write your R scripts but also to interact with the R software. To function correctly, RStudio needs R and therefore both need to be installed on your computer.
1.2 Why learn R?
1.2.1 R does not involve lots of pointing and clicking, and that’s a good thing
The learning curve might be steeper than with other software, but with R, the results of your analysis does not rely on remembering a succession of pointing and clicking, but instead on a series of written commands, and that’s a good thing!
Working with scripts makes the steps you used in your analysis clear, and the code you write can be inspected by someone else who can give you feedback and spot mistakes.
Working with scripts forces you to have a deeper understanding of what you are doing, and facilitates your learning and comprehension of the methods you use.
1.2.2 R code is great for reproducibility
Reproducibility is when someone else (including your future self) can obtain the same results from the same dataset when using the same analysis.
R integrates with other tools to generate manuscripts from your code. If you collect more data, or fix a mistake in your dataset, the figures and the statistical tests in your manuscript are updated automatically.
An increasing number of journals and funding agencies expect analyses to be reproducible, so knowing R will give you an edge with these requirements.
1.2.3 R is interdisciplinary and extensible
With 10,000+ packages that can be installed to extend its capabilities, R provides a framework that allows you to combine statistical approaches from many scientific disciplines to best suit the analytical framework you need to analyze your data. For instance, R has packages for image analysis, mapping, time series, text mining, and a lot more.
1.2.4 R works on data of all shapes and sizes
The skills you learn with R scale easily with the size of your dataset. Whether your dataset has hundreds or millions of lines, it won’t make much difference to you.
R is designed for data analysis. It comes with special data structures and data types that make handling of missing data and statistical factors convenient.
R can connect to spreadsheets, databases, and many other data formats, on your computer or on the web.
1.2.5 R produces high-quality graphics
The plotting functionalities in R are endless, and allow you to adjust any aspect of your graph to convey most effectively the message from your data.
1.2.6 R has a large community
Thousands of people use R daily. Many of them are willing to help you through mailing lists and websites such as Stack Overflow.
1.2.7 Not only is R free, but it is also open-source and cross-platform
Anyone can inspect the source code to see how R works. Because of this transparency, there is less chance for mistakes, and if you (or someone else) find some, you can report and fix bugs.
1.3 Knowing your way around RStudio
Let’s start by learning about RStudio, which is an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for working with R.
The RStudio IDE open-source product is free under the Affero General Public License (AGPL) v3. The RStudio IDE is also available with a commercial license and priority email support from RStudio, Inc.
We will use RStudio IDE to write code, navigate the files on our computer, inspect the variables we are going to create, and visualize the plots we will generate. RStudio can also be used for other things (e.g., version control, developing packages, writing Shiny apps) that we will not cover during the workshop.
RStudio is divided into 4 “Panes”:
- the Source for your scripts and documents (top-left, in the default layout),
- the R Console (bottom-left),
- your Environment/History (top-right), and
- your Files/Plots/Packages/Help/Viewer (bottom-right).
The placement of these panes and their content can be customized (see main Menu, Tools -> Global Options -> Pane Layout). One of the advantages of using RStudio is that all the information you need to write code is available in a single window.
1.4 How to start an R project
It is good practice to keep a set of related data, analyses, and text self-contained in a single folder. When working with R and RStudio you typically want that single top folder to be the folder you are working in. In order to tell R this, you will want to set that folder as your working directory. Whenever you refer to other scripts or data or directories contained within the working directory you can then use relative paths to files that indicate where inside the project a file is located. (That is opposed to absolute paths, which point to where a file is on a specific computer). Having everything contained in a single directory makes it a lot easier to move your project around on your computer and share it with others without worrying about whether or not the underlying scripts will still work.
Whenever you create a project with RStudio it creates a working directory for you and remembers its location (allowing you to quickly navigate to it) and optionally preserves custom settings and open files to make it easier to resume work after a break. Below, we will go through the steps for creating an “R Project” for this workshop.
- Start RStudio
- Under the
File
menu, click onNew project
, chooseNew directory
, thenEmpty project
- As directory (or folder) name enter
r-intro
and create project as subdirecory of your desktop folder:~/Desktop
- Click on
Create project
- Under the
Files
tab on the right of the screen, click onNew Folder
and create a folder nameddata
within your newly created working directory (e.g.,~/r-intro/data
) - On the main menu go to
Files
>New File
>R Script
(or use the shortcutShift
+Cmd
+N
) to open a new file - Save the empty script as
r-intro-script.R
in your working directory.
Your working directory should now look like in Figure 1.2.
If you ever need to set a different working directory you can use the RStudio interface like seen in Figure 1.3.
Alternatively, you can use the shortcut Ctrl
+ Shift
+ H
to set a working directory in RStudio.
To set a working directory in R go to the Console and type:
If you need to check which working directory R thinks it is in:
1.4.1 Organizing your working directory
Using a consistent folder structure across your projects will help keep things organized, and will also make it easy to find/file things in the future. This can be especially helpful when you have multiple projects. In general, you may create directories (folders) for scripts, data, and documents.
data/
Use this folder to store your raw data and intermediate datasets you may create for the need of a particular analysis. For the sake of transparency and provenance, you should always keep a copy of your raw data accessible and do as much of your data cleanup and preprocessing programmatically (i.e., with scripts, rather than manually) as possible. Separating raw data from processed data is also a good idea. For example, you could have subfolders in yourdata
directory nameddata/raw/
anddata/processed
that woudl contain the respective raw and processed files. I also like to log my data processing steps in a simple textfile that I keep there as well.documents/
If you are wroking on a paper this would be a place to keep outlines, drafts, and other text.scripts/
This would be the location to keep your R scripts. Again, depending on the complexity, you may want to add subfolders that contain, for example all the plotting scripts, or all the datas cleaning scripts.
You may want additional directories or subdirectories depending on your project needs, but this is a good template to form the backbone of your working directory.
1.5 Interacting with R
The basis of programming is that we write down instructions for the computer to follow, and then we tell the computer to follow those instructions. We write, or code, instructions in R because it is a common language that both the computer and we can understand. We call the instructions commands and we tell the computer to follow the instructions by executing (also called running) those commands.
There are two main ways of interacting with R: by using the console or by using script files (plain text files that contain your code).
1.5.1 RStudio Console and Command Prompt
The console pane in RStudio is the place where commands written in the R
language can be typed and executed immediately by the computer. It is also where
the results will be shown for commands that have been executed. You can type
commands directly into the console and press Enter
to execute those commands, but they will be forgotten when you close the session.
If R is ready to accept commands, the R console by default shows a >
prompt. If it
receives a command (by typing, copy-pasting or sent from the script editor using
Ctrl
+ Enter
), R will try to execute it, and when
ready, will show the results and come back with a new >
prompt to wait for new
commands.
If R is still waiting for you to enter more data because it isn’t complete yet,
the console will show a +
prompt. It means that you haven’t finished entering
a complete command. This is because you have not ‘closed’ a parenthesis or
quotation, i.e. you don’t have the same number of left-parentheses as
right-parentheses, or the same number of opening and closing quotation marks.
When this happens, and you thought you finished typing your command, click
inside the console window and press Esc
; this will cancel the incomplete
command and return you to the >
prompt.
Challenge
- Use R to determine what your working directory is.
- Use R to change your working directory to some other place. What do you notice in the RStudio Files window?
- Use RStudio to change back to your previous working directory (r-intro) What do you notice in the RStudio Console?
1.5.2 RStudio Script Editor
Because we want to keep our code and workflow, it is better to type the commands we want in the script editor, and save the script. This way, there is a complete record of what we did, and anyone (including our future selves!) can easily replicate the results on their computer.
Perhaps one of the most important aspects of making your code comprehensible for others and your future self is adding comments about why you did something. You can write comments directly in your script, and tell R not no execute those words simply by putting a hashtag (#
) before you start typing the comment.
One of the first things you will notice is in the R script editor that your code is colored (syntax coloring) which enhances readibility.
Secondly, RStudio allows you to execute commands directly from the script editor by using
the Ctrl
+ Enter
shortcut (on Macs, Cmd
+
Enter
will work, too). The command on the current line in the
script (indicated by the cursor) or all of the commands in the currently
selected text will be sent to the console and executed when you press
Ctrl
+ Enter
. You can find other keyboard shortcuts under Tools
> Keyboard Shortcuts Help
(or Alt
+ Shift
+ K
)
At some point in your analysis you may want to check the content of a variable
or the structure of an object, without necessarily keeping a record of it in
your script. You can type these commands and execute them directly in the
console. RStudio provides the Ctrl
+ 1
and
Ctrl
+ 2
shortcuts allow you to jump between the
script and the console panes.
In addition to shortcuts RStudio also provides autocompletion. If you begin typing a command or the name of a variable or (under certain conditions) even filenames you have on your latop and thenb hit the Tab
key, it will make suggestions and relieve you from typing. More on code completion in RStudio is here: https://support.rstudio.com/hc/en-us/articles/205273297-Code-Completion
All in all, RStudio is designed to make your coding easier and less error-prone.


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Allows users to upload files to Slack
Summary
Jenkins is a wonderful continuous integration system which automates your build process for you. Frequently artifacts and files are generated during the build process which one may want to share with their team. This plugin was born out of that necessity and streamlines the process of posting such files to Slack, the popular chat messenger for companies and teams. With bare minimum configuration, you get a slack uploader!
Wiki
Check the wiki page: - https://github.com/jenkinsci/slack-uploader-plugin to post issues or to check release notes.
Setup
- Create a Slack account and obtain your token.
- Install the plugin on Jenkins server.
- Configure your Jenkins job as a Post-Build action.
- Enter the channel and the file path of the files you want to upload.
- Start a build and watch as the magic happens.


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Preparation time
over 2 hours
Cooking time
10 to 30 mins
Serves
Serves 2
For the lamb, rub the oil and garlic onto the steaks. Place them in a bowl, cover and leave in the fridge for at least six hours.
A quarter of an hour or so before you are ready to cook, remove the lamb from the fridge and bring back to room temperature.
Heat a griddle pan until hot. Place the steaks on the griddle and cook for 3-4 minutes on both sides. Remove the steaks from the pan, season with salt and freshly ground black pepper, to taste, and set aside in a warm place to rest.
For the anchovy butter, place the butter into a bowl and add the anchovy essence, lemon zest and chopped anchovies and mix to combine.
Place the butter mixture onto a sheet of cling film or baking parchment laid out on a clean work surface, and roll into a log.
Place the prepared butter log in the fridge and leave to chill until firm.
For the salsify, fill a bowl with water and add half the lemon juice. Peel the salsify and slice into 5cm/2in pieces and immediately place the salsify in the bowl (to stop it from discolouring).
Meanwhile, combine a splash of the 1.5 litres/2½ pints water with the flour in a saucepan and stir to make a smooth paste.
Add the remaining 1.5 litres/2½ pints water and lemon juice, along with the salt. Bring to a boil, whisking continuously. This mixture is called a 'blanc'.
Drain the salsify and place it in the pan with the blanc.
Bring to the boil, then reduce the heat to a simmer and cook for 15 minutes until tender.
Drain and rinse the salsify in cold water and pat dry.
Heat a non-stick frying pan, add half of the clarified butter and then add the dry salsify.
Season with a little salt and freshly ground black pepper and fry gently to colour and heat through. Place the remaining clarified butter in another frying pan, add the walnuts and place over a high heat for a couple of minutes. Be careful not to let the nuts burn.
Add the sultanas, sugar and vinegar to the walnuts. The sugar will caramelise and the vinegar will reduce to a glaze.
Remove from the heat and whisk in the unsalted butter. Season with salt and black pepper, to taste. Pour this mixture over the salsify and toss together.
To serve, preheat the grill to hot. Remove the anchovy butter from the fridge and slice. Place a slice of butter over each lamb steak and place the lamb on a tray under the grill to melt the butter.
Transfer the lamb steaks to two serving plates. Spoon the salsify alongside, garnish with chopped parsley and serve.


---
layout: post
title: Bitbake how to rebuild easy
date: '2010-01-12T18:25:00.000Z'
author: tknv
tags:
- bitbake
- arm
- gumstix
- linux
- embedded
- omap
modified_time: '2010-08-28T16:06:02.047Z'
blogger_id: tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-11459759.post-3650370970286667404
blogger_orig_url: http://phichyudebow.blogspot.com/2010/01/bitbake-how-to-rebuild-easy.html
---
My proposal is TAKE SNAP SHOT.
When change foo.config for configure.
Bitbake does not rebuild include that reconfigure pkg.
For example, When add some recipes to ~/images/omap3-console-image.bb.
1st build,that added recipes include for deploy images.
But
,when need reconfigure again for that. 2nd times,never include what you want.(from my experience).
It is sure rebuild by rm -rf tmp, But it will make again soooooooooooooo long building time.
My Idea is use VM.(many people use it,when developing)
It is best use-case that TAKE SNAP SHOT since VM take snap shot history ever(maybe), Just build simple omap3-console-image then Take snap shot and after that easy to add recipes,reconfigure,rebuild... also faster.


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Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Integrating the hose thread timer g5103 at All Stages
Workshop Handout
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
The three basic stages include::
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
- Project evaluation.
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
- The questions become:
- Where are we?
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Situation Analysis and Problem Definition:
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
- Political and administrative structures (eg community committees and local councils);
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Some of the following techniques could be used:
- Documents review;
- Surveys;
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
- Interviews;
- Observations;
- Listening to people;
- Brainstorming;
- Informal conversations;
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
- Problem tree.
Situation analysis is very important before any attempts to solve the problem because:
- It provides an opportunity to understand the dynamics of the community;
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
- It provides an initial opportunity for people's participation in all project activities;
- It enables the definition of community problems and solutions; and
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Setting Goals and Objectives:
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
The objectives should be "panera bread in irvine on rockfield." They should be:
-
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
- Measurable: able to quantify the targets and benefits;
- Achievable: able to attain the objectives
- (knowing the resources and capacities at the disposal of the community)
- Realistic: able to obtain the level of change reflected in the objective; and
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Generating Structures and Strategies:
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Generating the structures and strategies therefore involves:
- Discussing and agreeing on the activities to be undertaken during implementation;
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Implementation:
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - About 1948 Metal Oscillating Sprinklers; 1948 Hose Repair Kits; 1959 . 1966 Time-a-matic Sprinkler/Timer; 1984 Low Profile Oscillating Sprinklers; 1997 . http://www.melnor.com/about.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
Melnor - Instructions Welcome to Melnor - A leading producer of lawn and garden products since 1946 . http://www.melnor.com/instructions.php
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UiPath Orchestrator on the AWS Cloud
Quick Start Reference Deployment
DRAFT DOCUMENT / UNOFFICIAL GUIDANCE
This portion of the deployment guide is located at docs/partner_editable/__settings
.adoc_
March 2021 |
| Visit our GitHub repository for source files and to post feedback, report bugs, or submit feature ideas for this Quick Start. |
This Quick Start was created by UiPath in collaboration with Amazon Web Services (AWS). Quick Starts are automated reference deployments that use AWS CloudFormation templates to deploy key technologies on AWS, following AWS best practices.
Overview
This portion of the deployment guide is located at docs/partner_editable/overview_target_and_usage.adoc
This Quick Start reference deployment guide provides step-by-step instructions for deploying UiPath Orchestrator on the AWS Cloud. UiPath Orchestrator is the centralized robot management tool where you can deploy, secure, and manage your UiPath software robots at scale.
|
| Amazon may share user-deployment information with the AWS Partner that collaborated with AWS on the Quick Start. |
UiPath Orchestrator on AWS
This portion of the deployment guide is located at docs/partner_editable/product_description.adoc
With UiPath Orchestrator, you can securely schedule, manage, and control your entire enterprise-wide digital workforce of UiPath software robots. Orchestrator manages the creation, monitoring, and deployment of RPA resources in your environment, acting as an integration point with third-party solutions and applications. UiPath Orchestrator can manage your entire fleet, including the following UiPath Robot types:
|
AWS costs
You are responsible for the cost of the AWS services and any third-party licenses used while running this Quick Start. There is no additional cost for using the Quick Start.
The AWS CloudFormation templates for Quick Starts include configuration parameters that you can customize. Some of the settings, such as the instance type, affect the cost of deployment. For cost estimates, see the pricing pages for each AWS service you use. Prices are subject to change.
| After you deploy the Quick Start, create AWS Cost and Usage Reports to deliver billing metrics to an Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) bucket in your account. These reports provide cost estimates based on usage throughout each month and aggregate the data at the end of the month. For more information, see What are AWS Cost and Usage Reports? |
Software licenses
This portion of the deployment guide is located at docs/partner_editable/licenses.adoc
A license for UiPath is required. To sign up, contact UiPath sales. A free 60-day non-production trial license is available. During deployment, provide your UiPath Orchestrator and UiPath High-Availability add-on license keys on the Specify stack details page. For more information, see Launch the Quick Start. Or, manually enter the license keys after the stack is deployed. The Quick Start uses only uses Microsoft Windows images and the Red Hat Enterprise Linux distribution, provided by AWS. An Amazon Machine Image (AMI) subscription is not required. |
Architecture
This portion of the deployment guide is located at docs/partner_editable/architecture.adoc
Deploying this Quick Start for a new virtual private cloud (VPC) with default parameters builds the following UiPath Orchestrator environment in the AWS Cloud. Figure 1. Quick Start architecture for UiPath Orchestrator on AWS
As shown in Figure 1, the Quick Start sets up the following:
*The template that deploys the Quick Start into an existing VPC skips the components marked by asterisks and prompts you for your existing VPC configuration. |
Planning the deployment
Specialized knowledge
This deployment requires a moderate level of familiarity with AWS services. If you’re new to AWS, see Getting Started Resource Center and AWS Training and Certification. These sites provide materials for learning how to design, deploy, and operate your infrastructure and applications on the AWS Cloud.
This portion of the deployment guide is located at docs/partner_editable/specialized_knowledge.adoc
This Quick Start also assumes familiarity with AWS Services listed in the Resources section, later in this guide. |
AWS account
If you don’t already have an AWS account, create one at https://aws.amazon.com by following the on-screen instructions. Part of the sign-up process involves receiving a phone call and entering a PIN using the phone keypad.
Your AWS account is automatically signed up for all AWS services. You are charged only for the services you use.
Technical requirements
Before you launch the Quick Start, review the following information and ensure that your account is properly configured. Otherwise, deployment might fail.
Resource quotas
If necessary, request service quota increases for the following resources. You might need to request increases if your existing deployment currently uses these resources and if this Quick Start deployment could result in exceeding the default quotas. The Service Quotas console displays your usage and quotas for some aspects of some services. For more information, see What is Service Quotas? and AWS service quotas.
This portion of the deployment guide is located at docs/partner_editable/service_limits.adoc
| Resource | This deployment uses |
|---|---|
VPCs |
1 |
Subnets |
Up to 6 |
NAT gateways |
2 |
VPC endpoints |
1 |
Internet gateways |
1 |
Elastic IP addresses |
Up to 6 |
AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) security groups |
1 |
IAM roles |
Up to 8 |
Storage gateway |
1 |
Auto Scaling groups |
1 |
Application Load Balancers |
1 |
Public certificate authorities (CA) |
1 |
Hosted zone |
1 |
RDS instances |
1 |
RHEL instances |
3 |
Bastion hosts |
1 |
Supported Regions
This portion of the deployment guide is located at docs/partner_editable/regions.adoc
This Quick Start supports the following Regions:
-
us-east-1 (N. Virginia)
-
us-east-2 (Ohio)
-
us-west-1 (N. California)
-
us-west-2 (Oregon)
-
ca-central-1 (Canada)
-
eu-central-1 (Frankfurt)
-
eu-west-1 (Ireland)
-
eu-west-2 (London)
-
eu-west-3 (Paris)
-
eu-north-1 (Stockholm)
-
sa-east-1 (São Paulo)
-
ap-south-1 (Mumbai)
-
ap-northeast-1 (Tokyo)
-
ap-northeast-2 (Seoul)
-
ap-southeast-1 (Singapore)
-
ap-southeast-2 (Sydney)
| Certain Regions are available on an opt-in basis. For more information, see Managing AWS Regions. |
IAM permissions
Before launching the Quick Start, you must sign in to the AWS Management Console with IAM permissions for the resources that the templates deploy. The AdministratorAccess managed policy within IAM provides sufficient permissions, although your organization may choose to use a custom policy with more restrictions. For more information, see AWS managed policies for job functions.
This portion of the deployment guide is located at docs/partner_editable/pre-reqs.adoc
Prepare your AWS accountKey pairMake sure that at least one Amazon EC2 key pair exists in your AWS account in the Region where the Quick Start is deployed. Save the key pair name, as you need it during deployment. To create a key pair, follow the instructions in Amazon EC2 key pairs and Linux instances. For testing or proof-of-concept purposes, we recommend creating a new key pair instead of using one that’s already being used by a production instance. SSL certificateThis Quick Start requests a certificate from AWS Certificate Manager. It uses DNS certificate validation, using the DNS for the hosted zone that you have set up. If you already have a public certificate that you want to use, you can do so by providing the certificate’s Amazon Resource Number (ARN). Valid domain nameThis Quick Start assumes you have established ownership of the parent domain under which the web application will be served. You should have a hosted zone set up in your AWS account, with the required name server, start of authority, CNAME, and text records. For further details on how to create a public hosted zone, see Working with public hosted zones. Prepare your UiPath accountThis Quick Start uses AWS owned Amazon Machine Images (AMI). However, during the initiation of EC2 virtual machines (VMs), it downloads, installs, and configures UiPath Orchestrator and HAA. Before deployment, purchase UiPath Orchestrator and HAA add-on licenses by contacting UiPath directly. |
Deployment options
This portion of the deployment guide is located at docs/partner_editable/deployment_options.adoc
This Quick Start provides a two deployment options:
|
Deployment steps
This portion of the deployment guide is located at docs/partner_editable/deploy_steps.adoc
Sign in to your AWS account
-
Sign in to your AWS account at https://aws.amazon.com with an IAM user role that has the necessary permissions. For details, see Planning the deployment earlier in this guide.
-
Make sure that your AWS account is configured correctly, as discussed in the Technical requirements section.
Launch the Quick Start
| You are responsible for the cost of the AWS services used while running this Quick Start reference deployment. There is no additional cost for using this Quick Start. For full details, see the pricing pages for each AWS service used by this Quick Start. Prices are subject to change. |
Each deployment takes about 25 minutes to complete.
-
Sign in to your AWS account, and launch the AWS CloudFormation template.
-
Check the AWS Region that’s displayed in the upper-right corner of the navigation bar, and change it if necessary. This Region is where the network infrastructure for UiPath Orchestrator is built. The template is launched in the us-east-1 Region by default.
-
On the Create stack page, keep the default setting for the template URL, and then choose Next.
-
On the Specify stack details page, change the stack name if needed. Review the parameters for the template. Provide values for the parameters that require input. For all other parameters, review the default settings and customize them as necessary. For details on each parameter, see the Parameter reference section of this guide. After reviewing and customizing the parameters, choose Next.
+
+ . On the Configure stack options page, you can specify tags (key-value pairs) for resources in your stack and set advanced options. When you’re finished, choose Next. . On the Review page, review and confirm the template settings. Under Capabilities, select the two check boxes to acknowledge that the template creates IAM resources and might require the ability to automatically expand macros. . Choose Create stack to deploy the stack. . Monitor the status of the stack. When the status is CREATE_COMPLETE, the UiPath Orchestrator deployment is ready. . To view the created resources, see the values displayed in the Outputs tab for the stack.
This portion of the deployment guide is located at docs/partner_editable/additional_info.adoc
Test the deployment
-
Verify that UiPath Orchestrator is deployed successfully by navigating to the Application Load Balancer endpoint URL. The Login screen shown in Figure 2 will display.
-
Verify that HAA nodes are deployed successfully. From the bastion host, navigate to any endpoint IP address via https://haa-ip:8443.
-
Log in, and verify that all nodes are present on the Nodes tab.
-
Verify that UiPath Orchestrator can upload to the S3 bucket via the file gateway server. To do this, navigate to the Application Load Balancer endpoint URL and log in. Then, choose Packages> Upload button > Select a NuGet package and choose Upload.
Create a key pair
Amazon EC2 uses public-key cryptography to encrypt and decrypt login information. In Windows instances, the key pair obtains the administrator password from the Amazon EC2 console and then logs in using RDP. On Linux, the key pair authenticates the SSH (Secure Shell) login. For more information, see Amazon EC2 key pairs and Linux instances.
To create a key pair in your preferred Region, do the following:
-
In your AWS Management Console, choose an AWS Region.
-
On the Services menu, choose EC2.
-
Under Network and Security, choose Key Pairs.
-
Choose Create Key Pair.
-
Enter a name and choose Create.
Create IAM user
A user login with programmatic access to following AWS services is required to launch the Quick Start CloudFormation stack.
-
AWS CloudFormation
-
AWS IAM, Amazon EC2
-
Amazon S3
-
Amazon RDS
-
Amazon Route53
-
AWS Certificate Manager
-
AWS Elastic Load Balancer
-
AWS Lambda
-
AWS Storage Gateway.
| If you do already have an IAM user with full access to these services, or have administrator access, you can skip this section. |
-
If you do not already have such an IAM user, create one from AWS console. In Figure 7, a user is created with programmatic and console access.
-
To follow AWS best practices, allow access to required services. When setting permissions for the user, choose Attach existing policies directly. Then choose roles with full access for each of the services listed previously.
| As shown in Figure 8, you can filter the list using the search box. |
-
Choose Next: Tags and optionally add a Name tag to identify the user.
Figure 9. Adding optional tags
-
Choose Next: Review and verify that the user is configured with full access to the services listed previously.
Figure 10. Reviewing user details
-
Choose Create User.
-
Choose Download .csv to download and store the user’s security credentials in CSV format for future reference.
Purchase UiPath license
This Quick Start uses AWS owned AMI. However, during initiation of EC2 VMs, it downloads, installs, and configures UiPath Orchestrator and HAA add-on software. Before deployment, purchase UiPath Orchestrator and HAA add-on licenses by contacting UiPath directly.
Best practices for using UiPath Orchestrator on AWS
High availability and disaster recovery
Amazon EC2 provides the ability to place instances in multiple locations composed of AWS Regions and Availability Zones. Regions are dispersed and located in separate geographic areas. Availability Zones are distinct locations within a Region isolated from failures in other Availability Zones. They provide inexpensive, low-latency network connectivity to other Availability Zones in the same Region.
To make sure that an application is closer to certain customers, or for legal or design requirements, you can launch instances in separate Regions. By launching your instances in separate Availability Zones, you can protect your applications from the failure of a single location. Microsoft Exchange provides infrastructure features that complement the high availability and disaster recovery (DR) scenarios supported in the AWS Cloud.
The Quick Start also provides the option to deploy into a minimum of two Availability Zones. This option mitigates the loss of quorum in the case of a failure of a single node. However, you can choose this option only in AWS Regions that include two or more Availability Zones. For a current list of Availability Zones, see AWS Global Infrastructure.
To customize UiPath software for your business, IT, and security requirements, consult the UiPath Documentation Portal.
Automatic failover
Deploying this Quick Start with the default parameters configures an Auto Scaling group with UiPath Orchestrator instances and three HAA clustered nodes. The Quick Start implementation supports the following:
-
Protection from the failure of a single instance.
-
Automatic failover between the HAA cluster nodes.
-
Automatic failover between Availability Zones.
However, the default implementation doesn’t provide automatic failover in every case. For example, loss of Availability Zones 1 and 2 (containing the primary and secondary HAA nodes) prevents automatic failover to Availability Zone 3. This is because the cluster fails as it loses quorum. In this scenario, you can follow manual disaster recovery (DR) steps, including rebuilding the cluster that is missing nodes. At least two nodes must be available.
To restore the HAA module, run the following command:
curl -fsSL http://download.uipath.com/haa/get-haa.sh | bash -s -- -u username-available-node -p password-available-node -j ip-available-node
As a last resort, even if all nodes are lost, you can rebuild the entire HAA cluster. Then, the in-memory database is regenerated from the SQL database.
The Quick Start also provides the option to deploy into a minimum of two Availability Zones. This option mitigates the loss of quorum in the case of a failure of a single node. However, you can choose this option only in AWS Regions that include two or more Availability Zones. For a current list of Availability Zones, see AWS Global Infrastructure.
To customize UiPath software for your business, IT, and security requirements, consult the UiPath Documentation Portal.
Security
Security groups and firewalls
When Amazon EC2 instances are launched, they must be associated with a security group, which acts as a stateful firewall. You have complete control over the security group’s inbound and outbound network traffic. You can build granular rules that are scoped by protocol, port number, and source/destination IP address, or other security groups. By default, all outbound traffic from security group is permitted. Inbound traffic, however, must be configured to allow the appropriate traffic to reach your instances. We recommend that you tightly control inbound traffic. Doing this reduces the attack surface of your EC2 instances yet leaves the following ports open for application communication.
-
HAA ports
-
UiPath Orchestrator and UiPath Robot ports
-
80, 443 for instances behind ALB
-
443 for ALB and Robot
-
3389 for Robot and Orchestrator
-
-
Other ports and usage
-
22 for SSH into HAA nodes
-
1433 for MSSQL
-
-
EC2 storage gateway ports
-
2049, 111, 20048, 35790, 49000, 54524 – NFS service
-
This Quick Start configures the following security groups:
| Security group | Associated with | Inbound source | Ports |
|---|---|---|---|
autoscaling-group-security-group |
Auto Scaling group |
Private subnets CIDR |
Inbound: 80, 443, 3389 |
db-security-group |
MSSQL or RDS databases |
Private subnets CIDR |
Inbound: 1433 |
bastion-security-group |
Bastion host |
<IP_ADDRESS>/0 |
Inbound: 3389 |
filegateway-security-group |
File gateway |
VPC CIDR, security CIDR block |
Inbound: 2049, 111, 20048, 80, 35790, 49000, 54524, 55481 |
haa-security-group |
High-availability add-on cluster |
Private subnets CIDR |
Inbound: 22,8443, 80, 443,9443,1968,3333-3339, 36379-36380, 8001, 9443,8444, 9080, 9081, 8070-8071, 10000-19999, 20000-29999, 53, 5353 |
alb-security-group |
Application Load Balancer |
<IP_ADDRESS>/0 |
Inbound: 443 |
For more information, see Security Best Practices.
Security of the AWS infrastructure
AWS provides a set of building blocks, such as Amazon EC2 and Amazon VPC, that you can use to provision your application’s infrastructure. AWS operates under a shared security responsibility model. AWS is responsible for the security of the underlying cloud infrastructure and you are responsible for securing workloads you deploy in AWS. For more information, see Introduction to AWS Security.
Resources
This portion of the deployment guide is located at docs/partner_editable/faq_troubleshooting.adoc
FAQ
Q. I encountered a CREATE_FAILED error when I launched the Quick Start.
A. If AWS CloudFormation fails to create the stack, relaunch the template with Rollback on failure set to Disabled. This setting is under Advanced in the AWS CloudFormation console on the Configure stack options page. With this setting, the stack’s state is retained, and you can troubleshoot the issue.
| When you set Rollback on failure to Disabled, you continue to incur AWS charges for this stack. Ensure that you delete stack after troubleshooting. |
For more information, see Troubleshooting AWS CloudFormation.
Q. I encountered a size-limitation error when I deployed the AWS CloudFormation templates.
A. Launch the Quick Start templates from the links in this guide or from another S3 bucket. If you deploy the templates from a local copy on your computer or from a location other than an S3 bucket, you might encounter template-size limitations. For more information, see AWS CloudFormation quotas.
Parameter reference
| Unless you are customizing the Quick Start templates for your own deployment projects, keep the default settings for the parameters labeled Quick Start S3 bucket name, Quick Start S3 bucket Region, and Quick Start S3 key prefix. Changing these parameter settings automatically updates code references to point to a new Quick Start location. For more information, see the AWS Quick Start Contributor’s Guide. |
Launch into an existing VPC
| Parameter label (name) | Default value | Description |
|---|---|---|
VPC CIDR
( |
|
VPC CIDR block, in format x.x.0.0/16. |
VPC ID
( |
|
VPC ID |
VPC CIDR
( |
|
List of public subnet IDs. |
VPC CIDR
( |
|
List of private subnet IDs. |
| Parameter label (name) | Default value | Description |
|---|---|---|
Instance key pair
( |
|
Existing key pair to connect to virtual machine (VM) instances. |
Instance type
( |
|
EC2 instance type |
| Parameter label (name) | Default value | Description |
|---|---|---|
Storage gateway name
( |
|
Name of S3 File Storage Gateway. |
NO_LABEL
( |
|
File gateway time zone. |
| Parameter label (name) | Default value | Description |
|---|---|---|
Hosting FQDN
( |
|
Fully qualified domain name (FQDN) to which UiPath Orchestrator is installed. |
Route 53 hosted zone ID
( |
|
The Route 53 hosted zone ID. |
| Parameter label (name) | Default value | Description |
|---|---|---|
High-availability add-on user name
( |
|
High-aailability add-on user name. Must be a valid email address. |
High-availability add-on password
( |
|
High-availability add-on password. |
High-availability add-on port
( |
|
High-availability add-on port. |
High-availability add-on license key
( |
|
High-availability add-on license key. |
| Parameter label (name) | Default value | Description |
|---|---|---|
RDS database name
( |
|
UIPath database name. |
RDS allocated storage
( |
|
RDS DB instance storage amount. |
Maximum allocated storage
( |
|
Maximum storage threshold. The limit to which the DB instance can be autoscaled. |
RDS DB user name
( |
|
RDS DB username. |
RDS DB Password
( |
|
RDS DB password. |
| Parameter label (name) | Default value | Description |
|---|---|---|
UiPath Orchestrator version
( |
|
UIPath Orchestrator version. |
Number of UiPath Orchestrator instances
( |
|
Number of UiPath Orchestrator instances (1–20). |
UiPath Orchestrator license key
( |
|
UiPath Orchestrator license key or trial key. |
UiPath Orchestrator password
( |
|
UiPath Orchestrator administrator password. |
| Parameter label (name) | Default value | Description |
|---|---|---|
Template-hosting S3 bucket
( |
|
Name of the S3 bucket for your copy of the Quick Start assets. Keep the default name unless you are customizing the template. Changing the name updates code references to point to a new Quick Start location. This name can include numbers, lowercase letters, uppercase letters, and hyphens, but do not start or end with a hyphen (-). See https://aws-quickstart.github.io/option1.html. |
Template folder
( |
|
S3 key prefix that is used to simulate a directory for your copy of the Quick Start assets. Keep the default prefix unless you are customizing the template. Changing this prefix updates code references to point to a new Quick Start location. This prefix can include numbers, lowercase letters, uppercase letters, hyphens (-), and forward slashes (/). See https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/UsingMetadata.html and https://aws-quickstart.github.io/option1.html. |
Launch into a new VPC
| Parameter label (name) | Default value | Description |
|---|---|---|
Availability Zones
( |
|
Choose up to three Availability Zones to use for the VPC subnets. |
Number of Availability Zones
( |
|
Choose the number of Availability Zones to use in the VPC (1-3). This must match the number of AZs selected in the Availability Zones parameter. |
| Parameter label (name) | Default value | Description |
|---|---|---|
VPC CIDR
( |
|
VPC CIDR block, in format x.x.0.0/16. |
Public subnet 1 tag
( |
|
(Optional) Tag for public subnet 1, in format Key=Value. Key valid characters: A-Z, a-z, 0-9, and + \ - . _ : / @. Value valid characters: A-Z, a-z, 0-9, and + \ - . _ : / @ * \. |
Public subnet 2 tag
( |
|
(Optional) Tag for public subnet 2, in format Key=Value. Key valid characters: A-Z, a-z, 0-9, and + \ - . _ : / @. Value valid characters: A-Z, a-z, 0-9, and + \ - . _ : / @ * \. |
Public subnet 3 tag
( |
|
(Optional) Tag for public subnet 3, in format Key=Value. Key valid characters: A-Z, a-z, 0-9, and + \ - . _ : / @. Value valid characters: A-Z, a-z, 0-9, and + \ - . _ : / @ * \. |
Private subnet 1 tag
( |
|
(Optional) Tag for private subnet 1, in format Key=Value. Key valid characters: A-Z, a-z, 0-9, and + \ - . _ : / @. Value valid characters: A-Z, a-z, 0-9, and + \ - . _ : / @ * \. |
Private subnet 2 tag
( |
|
(Optional) Tag for private subnet 2, in format Key=Value. Key valid characters: A-Z, a-z, 0-9, and + \ - . _ : / @. Value valid characters: A-Z, a-z, 0-9, and + \ - . _ : / @ * \. |
Private subnet 3 tag
( |
|
(Optional) Tag for private subnet 3, in format Key=Value. Key valid characters: A-Z, a-z, 0-9, and + \ - . _ : / @. Value valid characters: A-Z, a-z, 0-9, and + \ - . _ : / @ * \. |
| Parameter label (name) | Default value | Description |
|---|---|---|
Instance key pair
( |
|
Existing key pair to connect to virtual machine (VM) instances. |
Instance type
( |
|
EC2 instance type. |
| Parameter label (name) | Default value | Description |
|---|---|---|
Storage gateway name
( |
|
S3 file storage gateway name. |
NO_LABEL
( |
|
File gateway time zone. |
| Parameter label (name) | Default value | Description |
|---|---|---|
Hosting FQDN
( |
|
Fully qualified domain name (FQDN) to which UiPath Orchestrator is installed. |
ID of Route 53 hosted zone
( |
|
ID of Route 53 hosted zone. |
| Parameter label (name) | Default value | Description |
|---|---|---|
High-availability add-on user name
( |
|
High-availability add-on user name. Must be a valid email address. |
High-availability add-on password
( |
|
High-availability add-on password. |
High-availability add-on port
( |
|
High-availability add-on port. |
High-availability add-on license key
( |
|
High-availability add-on license key. |
| Parameter label (name) | Default value | Description |
|---|---|---|
RDS database name
( |
|
UIPath database name. |
RDS allocated storage
( |
|
RDS DB instance storage amount. |
Maximum allocated storage
( |
|
Maximum storage threshold. The limit to which the DB instance can be autoscaled. |
RDS DB user name
( |
|
RDS DB username. |
RDS DB password
( |
|
RDS DB password. |
| Parameter label (name) | Default value | Description |
|---|---|---|
UiPath Orchestrator version
( |
|
UIPath Orchestrator version. |
Number of UiPath Orchestrator instances
( |
|
Number of UiPath Orchestrator instances (1–20). |
UiPath Orchestrator license key
( |
|
UiPath Orchestrator license key or trial key. |
UiPath Orchestrator password
( |
|
UiPath Orchestrator administrator password. |
| Parameter label (name) | Default value | Description |
|---|---|---|
Template-hosting S3 bucket
( |
|
Name of the S3 bucket for your copy of the Quick Start assets. Keep the default name unless you are customizing the template. Changing the name updates code references to point to a new Quick Start location. This name can include numbers, lowercase letters, uppercase letters, and hyphens, but do not start or end with a hyphen (-). See https://aws-quickstart.github.io/option1.html. |
Template folder
( |
|
S3 key prefix that is used to simulate a directory for your copy of the Quick Start assets. Keep the default prefix unless you are customizing the template. Changing this prefix updates code references to point to a new Quick Start location. This prefix can include numbers, lowercase letters, uppercase letters, hyphens (-), and forward slashes (/). See https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/UsingMetadata.html and https://aws-quickstart.github.io/option1.html. |
Send us feedback
To post feedback, submit feature ideas, or report bugs, use the Issues section of the GitHub repository for this Quick Start. To submit code, see the Quick Start Contributor’s Guide.
Quick Start reference deployments
See the AWS Quick Start home page.
GitHub repository
Visit our GitHub repository to download the templates and scripts for this Quick Start, to post your comments, and to share your customizations with others.
Notices
This document is provided for informational purposes only. It represents AWS’s current product offerings and practices as of the date of issue of this document, which are subject to change without notice. Customers are responsible for making their own independent assessment of the information in this document and any use of AWS’s products or services, each of which is provided “as is” without warranty of any kind, whether expressed or implied. This document does not create any warranties, representations, contractual commitments, conditions, or assurances from AWS, its affiliates, suppliers, or licensors. The responsibilities and liabilities of AWS to its customers are controlled by AWS agreements, and this document is not part of, nor does it modify, any agreement between AWS and its customers.
The software included with this paper is licensed under the Apache License, version 2.0 (the "License"). You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. A copy of the License is located at http://aws.amazon.com/apache2.0/ or in the accompanying "license" file. This code is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either expressed or implied. See the License for specific language governing permissions and limitations.


146 IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH CRM-M No.24455 of 2018 (O&M) Date of decision:- 31.05.2018 Malwa Polytechnic College and another .....Petitioners Versus Punjab Pollution Control Board, Patiala through Gurmeet Singh, Assistant Environmental Engineer .....Respondent CORAM : HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE MAHABIR SINGH SINDHU Present: Mr. Ashish Gupta, Advocate for the petitioners. **** MAHABIR SINGH SINDHU, J. (ORAL)
Present petition has been filed under Section 482 Cr.P.C. praying for quashing of Complaint No.32 of 2015 dated 08.05.2015 (Annexure P-1), filed by the respondent/complainant under Sections 43, 44 read with Section 47 of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 as well as summoning order dated 17.09.2014 (Annexure P-2), passed by the learned Chief judicial Magistrate, Faridkot.
After arguing for sometime, learned Counsel for the petitioners wishes to withdraw the present petition with liberty to raise all his pleas before the learned trial Court at the appropriate stage.
In view of above, the present petition is dismissed as withdrawn with the aforesaid liberty.
May 31, 2018 ( MAHABIR SINGH SINDHU )
Gagan JUDGE
Whether speaking/reasoned Yes
Whether Reportable No
1 of 1
::: Downloaded on - 11-06-2018 12:52:11 :::


{% extends "static/base.html" %} {% block title %}Oops!{% endblock %} {% block header_title %}
There seems to be a server error! Please contact the InCTF team at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>with a description of what you were doing, what happened and what should have happend. Thanks!


Ilya Loshkarev<EMAIL_ADDRESS>SFEDU 2016
let imagePickerView = UIImagePickerController()
imagePickerView.delegate = self
// present image picker
self.present(imagePickerView, animated: true, completion: nil)
Standart controller to access Photos and Camera
from within any app
// open Camera
imagePickerView.sourceType = .camera
imagePickerView.cameraDevice = .rear // .front
// open Photos
imagePickerView.sourceType = .photoLibrary
imagePickerView.allowEditing = false
// open Camera Roll
imagePickerView.sourceType = .savedPhotosAlbum
// type of media to show
imagePickerView.mediaTypes = [
// kUTTypeMovie, - only images
kUTTypeImage
]
func imagePickerController(picker: UIImagePickerController,
didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo info: [String : Any]) {
if info[UIImagePickerControllerMediaType] == kUTTypeImage {
let chosenImage = // captured photo or image from library
info[UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage] as! UIImage
} else {
let movieURL = // URL of media file
info[UIImagePickerControllerMediaURL] as! URL
}
dismiss(animated: true, completion: nil)
}
Library for image processing
// CIImage is a base image class
let inputCIImage = CIImage(image: inputImage)!
// All filters are created by name
let blurFilter = CIFilter(name: "CIGaussianBlur")!
blurFilter.setValue(inputCIImage, forKey: kCIInputImageKey)
blurFilter.setValue(8, forKey: kCIInputRadiusKey)
let cgImage = context.createCGImage(blurFilter.outputImage!,
fromRect: outputImage.extent())
Low-level library, KVC parameters setup
There are >150 default filters
Core Image Filter Reference - Apple Developer
let outputImage = inputCIImage
.applyingFilter(
"CICrystallize",
withInputParameters: [
kCIInputRadiusKey: 50
])
.applyingFilter(
"CICMYKHalftone",
withInputParameters: [
kCIInputWidthKey: 35
])
Image filtering takes some time
it is better to perform it in a separate queue
func save(image: UIImage, to album: PHAssetCollection) {
PHPhotoLibrary.shared().performChanges({
// Request creating an asset from the image
let creationRequest =
PHAssetChangeRequest.creationRequestForAsset(from: image)
// Request editing the album
if let addAssetRequest =
PHAssetCollectionChangeRequest(for: album)
{
addAssetRequest.addAssets(
[creationRequest.placeholderForCreatedAsset!])
}
}, completionHandler: nil)
}
UIImageWriteToSavedPhotosAlbum(image, self, #selector(imageSaved), nil)
AVAsset
is a container for media streams
let player = AVPlayer(url: videoURL)
if player.currentItem.status == .readyToPlay {
player.play()
}
AVPlayer
is a basic object to play media files
AVAsset
is a container for media streams
let player = AVPlayer(url: videoURL)
let playerViewController = AVPlayerViewController()
playerViewController.player = player
self.present(playerViewController, animated: true) {
if let player = playerViewController.player!,
player.currentItem.status == .readyToPlay {
playerViewController.player!.play()
}
}
AVPlayerViewController
is a default way of presenting audio and video
Most AVPlayer Notifications are KVO based
// new item
player.addObserver(self, forKeyPath: "currentItem",
options: [.new, .initial] , context: nil)
// errors
player.addObserver(self, forKeyPath: "status",
options: nil , context: nil)
// update periodically
player.addPeriodicTimeObserver(
forInterval: CMTimeMake(1, 100), queue: DispatchQueue.main) {
time in print(String(format: "%02.2f", CMTimeGetSeconds(time)))
}
let queuePlayer = AVQueuePlayer()
let playerItem = AVPlayerItem(url:fileURL)
queuePlayer.insert(playerItem, afterItem:nil)
// queue as many items as you like
queuePlayer.play()
let recorder = AVAudioRecorder(url: resultURL, settings: [:])?
if recorder.prepareToRecord() {
recorder.record()
}
let session = AVCaptureSession()
let frontalCamera = AVCaptureDevice.defaultDevice(
withDeviceType: .builtInWideAngleCamera,
mediaType: AVMediaTypeVideo, position: .front)
if let input = try? AVCaptureDevice(frontalCamera) {
session.addInput(input)
}
view.setSession(session,
showVideoPreview: true, showAudioPreview: true)
view.delegate = self
AVCaptureView
is a default way of presenting a video capture
let asset = AVURLAsset(streamURL)
asset.resourceLoader.setDelegate(self, queue: DispatchQueue.main)
// play video/audio
let playerItem = AVPlayerItem(asset:asset)
let player = AVPlayer(playerItem)
// pause if playerItem is not ready yet
NSNotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self,
selector: #selector(pauseIfStalled),
name: AVPlayerItemPlaybackStalledNotification, object: nil)
player.play()
If you don't need to handle loading process events
default resourceLoader works just fine
let session = AVCaptureSession()
Allows to access any capture devices
and configure capture settings


Ray J’s pregnant wife claims he left her ‘stranded in Las Vegas’
Ray J’s heavily pregnant wife has accused the singer of leaving her ‘stranded in Las Vegas’ with their young daughter, and claims he’s blocked her from calling his phone.
The couple, who married in August 2016, looked like a happy family when they attended the BET Soul Train Awards on Sunday and posed for photos on the red carpet with their one-year-old daughter Melody.
However, Princess splashed cold water on their happy family image when Ray J posted one of the photos on Instagram.
‘Thank you @bet. #SoulTrainAwards @princesslove @melodylovenorwood,’ he wrote alongside the photo.
Princess, 35, is said to commented: ‘Left me and Melody stranded in Vegas and blocked me from calling.. Now you wanna post family photos #ByeUgly,’ with a cry laughing emoji.
Ray J, 38, has since deleted the image and has not commented on the situation.
Some questioned why Princess was unable to fly or drive herself back to Los Angeles where the family live, but she hit back and explained that she didn’t want to do the journey alone being heavily pregnant with a toddler.
‘Yes I can fly home. I have my own money. But my car is here and I don’t want to drive back alone with my daughter because I’m over 8 months pregnant and I don’t even want to have to stop for gas or go into labour with all of this human trafficking going on,’ she wrote in her now-deleted Instagram stories.
Advertisement Advertisement
It’s not the first time Princess and Ray J have fought publicly with their rocky relationship playing out in earlier episodes of Love & Hip Hop.
The couple announced they were expecting their second child in August, with Ray J confirming: ‘Baby #2 on the way!  #Godisthegreatest.’
Last month, it was revealed they are having a boy giving Melody, who was born in May 2018, a little brother to play with.
Ray J has surprised fans but also himself by transforming into a family man after years of living the playboy lifestyle.
Opening up about how fatherhood and marriage has changed him, the One Wish singer told Celebs Now: ‘I didn’t think settling down was possible. Listen, when you’re living like I was and having that much fun, at some point you’ve got to go into the next phase.
‘For me, I just feel like God knew when to change things but I still had to put the work in. And that’s being faithful, firstly.
‘That’s the hardest thing to do as someone who has all of these options. It’s been ok for me though because I’m partied out – it came at the perfect time.’
Got a showbiz story?
If you've got a story, video or pictures get in touch with the Metro.co.uk Entertainment team by emailing us<EMAIL_ADDRESS>calling 020 3615 2145 or by visiting our Submit Stuff page - we'd love to hear from you.


swspy package¶
Submodules¶
swspy.testing module¶
-
swspy.testing.
assert_angle_allclose
(actual, desired, **kwargs)¶ Raises an AssertionError if two objects are not equal accounting for angle
This wraps numpy.testing.assert_allclose but values such as 0.0, 360.0 and 180.0 are all treated as being the same. Keyword arguments are passed on.
-
swspy.testing.
clamp_angle
(angle_in)¶ Assuming 180 degree periodicity, represent an angle between -90 and +90 degrees
angle is a numpy array.
-
swspy.testing.
periodic_angular_difference
(a_angle, b_angle)¶ Angular difference assuming 180 degree periodicity
a_angle and b_angle are numpy arrays of angle, retuns a numpy array of differences such that 0.0 and 360.0 and 180.0 are all the same.


Surekha's on the Snye
is hosting the exhibition of Fred's
new artworks during the month of November.
The exhibition opening is on November 5th. Due to COVID-19, the opening
is by invitation-only.
Surekha's is open Tuesday thru Sunday
2 Clearwater Drive
Fort McMurray, Alberta
T9H 0J5
ph 780 - 713 - 3330
Artist Biography
Frederick R McDonald is an international, award-winning artist - a
painter, poet and photographer - and a member of the Fort McKay First
Nation. Fred was born in Fort McMurray and raised in the bush along
the Athabasca River, he was brought up in the traditional hunting and
trapping lifestyle of his parents. Although he has traveled far and
wide, Fred’s heart is still with his community and he continues to be
an active member of the Fort McKay band. Fred keeps himself grounded
through his family; his children and his grandchildren are his
inspiration for everything he does and they are ultimately his
greatest creation.
The
Indigenous Art Collection,
housed at the Indigenous Art Centre, is "The most important
living art collection of contemporary Indigenous art in Canada."
Fred’s art has been exhibited at the IAC and his painting Dancing on a
Table is held in the permanent collection.
The Glenbow Museum, the Alberta Arts Foundation, the University of
Calgary, and the Red Deer Museum all hold works by Fred in their collections. Many public art
institutions and events have exhibited Fred’s paintings, including:
Wheelwright Museum in Santa Fe (New Mexico, US), the Art Gallery of
Alberta, Glenbow Museum, Alberta Biennial of Contemporary Art, Nickel
Arts Museum, Banff Centre for Arts and Creativity and the Edmonton Art
Gallery.
Fred's art is also held in many corporate and private collections and
he is regularly commissioned to create paintings that bring to life
the patron's vision.
Contact Fred to arrange a commission or purchase.
Fred's Art is Sought-After by Prominent Collectors
Museums and Public Collections
Indigenous Art Collection Crown-Indigenous Relations and
Northern Affairs Canada
Government of Canada
Dancing on a Table
7' x 4'
Acrylic on Canvas
2003
View selected works held in museums and public collections.
Corporate Art Collections
Suncor Energy Corporate Art Collection
Time Present is Time Past
4' x 8'
Acrylic on Canvas
2010
View selected works held in corporate collections.
Private Collections
David Tuccaro Private Collection
Business Development
32" x 60"
Acrylic on Canvas
2016
View selected works held in private collections.
Commissioned Works
Commissioned by Birch Mountain Enterprises Corporate Art
Collection
All in a Day's Work, 1 & 2
4' x 4' each
Acrylic on Board
2015
Contact Fred to arrange your commission.
Fred is a Creative Powerhouse
Since 1993, Fred has exhibited in public museums
and commercial galleries, internationally.
Fred was first inspired to become a painter after
he first saw the art of Arthur Schilling, an Ojibway
Canadian painter.
Fred is returning to his first medium, photography, as
another method to explore our world.
Inspiring and fascinating - poetry is Fred's favourite media,
especially the classics: Robert Frost, WB Yeats, EA Poe, E Pauline Johnston.
Published Works Ancestral Portraits: The Colour of My People
Canada & September 11th - The Mythical City
Guest curating at the Glenbow,
developing a new museum,
organising Treaty Days -
Fred is a community leader.
Alberta Heritage Scholarship.
Regional Aboriginal Recognition Award, Wood Buffalo.
PACE Recipient Keyano College.
Master of Fine Arts
Bachelor of Fine Arts
President of the First Nations Student Association
University of Calgary


The Graphics Pipeline
Assignment Goals:
- Learn about the graphics pipeline
Instructions for you to follow in this document will be highlighted in blue.
Don't forget to cite your sources!
The Graphics Pipeline
Not only have we build a fully-functioning basic 3d rendering engine, but this rendering engine is also a model of the modern rendering pipeline.
The relevant stages are:
- Vertex Specification: vertex data of 3d models is stored in arrays to be sent to later stages. Extra data (such as vertex colors) may be associated to each vertex.
- Vertex Shader: model vertex coordinates are transformed to screen-relative coordinates based on transformations applied to the model, camera position, and additional effects. Additional data is associated to each vertex.
- Face Culling: some triangles are discarded depending on which direction they're facing and which directions they should be drawn from (some triangles, for instance, can specify that they should be drawn from both sides).
- The Perspective Divide: x and y coordinates are divided by the z coordinate (actually the w coordinate, but we'll talk about that later).
- The Viewport Transform: x and y coordinates are transformed from spacial coordinates to pixel coordinates for display on the screen.
- Rasterization: Each triangle is divided up into pixels.
- Fragment Shader: Color for each pixel of each triangle is determined using an arbitrary formula.
- Depth Test: Each pixel is tested against the depth buffer to determine if it should be drawn.
Comment your submission for the previous assignment to clearly label which stage is happening where.


Nyzo version 545 (commit on GitHub) adds a small sentinel monitoring improvement and some minor changes to consensus tracking.
This version affects reporting for the sentinel and the consensus-tracking feature for verifiers. It does not affect any critical functionality.
Following the recent sentinel bug, apprehension regarding use of newer versions of Nyzo would be understandable. However, versions of the code before 542 do not work with version 1 of the blockchain, which will likely go live in the next few days. To promote greater confidence in the newest sentinel version, reporting has been added to show transmission results when blocks are sent to the mesh.
The BlockVote.toString() method now includes the sender identifier. This was added specifically for the consensus-tracking feature.
In Sentinel, a persistent field has been added for the results of the last block transmission.
The print statement showing the minimum-vote timestamp distance is now using LogUtil. This is a part of the ongoing effort to transition appropriate statements to use this class.
In the transmission of the block to the cycle, a callback has been added to process the response. An AtomicInteger is used to count the number of valid responses received. While simple, this feedback is incredibly useful, as it will capture many different potential error conditions.
The statement indicating that a block has been sent has also been changed to use LogUtil.
After 3 seconds, the number of successful block transmissions is stored, and the number of failures is calculated as the difference between the size of the combinedCycle set and the number of successes. These values will also reveal issues that might arise in this cycle set. The transmission-results string is printed using LogUtil and stored for later access.
The lastBlockTransmissionResults field has been exposed for use in the sentinel web interface.
The range of data accepted by the consensus tracker has been extended an additional 2 blocks behind the frozen edge. While such delayed data would certainly not play a role in the consensus process, it might become useful for diagnosing timing issues with verifiers or sentinels.
In writing the consensus file, the toString() methods of Block and BlockVote are now used. This makes the code more concise and also improves the quality of the output.
In SentinelController, the last-block transmission results are now displayed.
The block-transmission results appear as follows in the sentinel web interface.
An active sentinel running the monitoring interface is accessible at quark.nyzo.co. There are a number of reasons not to expose the sentinel web interface publicly like this, and we are only running this sentinel as a demonstration. When activating the web interface on sentinels, a firewall should be used to control access.