The Alan Turing Institute
2016/2017 in numbers
The Alan Turing Institute is the United Kingdom national institute for data sciences, founded in 2015. It is named after Alan Turing, the British mathematician and computing pioneer. In the academic year 2016/2017, the institute hired its first Research Fellows, published over recorded talks, over academic publications and started new research projects that advance the fields of data science, machine learning and many more.
Here, we present information about the Alan Turing Institute in a fun interactive way. We are using tools developed as part of The Gamma project, which make it possible to present data transparently. Behind every number and every chart on this page, there is source code that links the chart to the primary data source and lets you check the data and explore further. For example, if you want to verify that the Institute hosted events during the year, click on the number to see the raw data from which it is calculated!
The interactive visualizations on this page are inspired by the You Draw It series by New York Times and let you make your own guess about the data before showing the actual numbers. To make this more fun, we calculate a score that tells you how good your guesses are! When you are done, share the results with us at @turinginst. How many of the facts about the Alan Turing Institute can you guess correctly?
I don't like games. Just show me the correct results on all interactive charts.
Play again. Reset all guesses on the interactive charts. I want to try again!
Share your score. Tell the world how you did! Don't worry, this is just for fun.
People at the Alan Turing Institute
People at the Turing
The Alan Turing Institute hosts over academics and students. The members listed on the Turing web page, include Research Fellows who work full-time at the institute, Turing Fellows who divide their time between the host university and the instiute and Doctoral Students. We also counted members of the Research Engineering team who work with researchers to produce practical software.
Can you guess how many Research Fellows, Turing Fellows, Doctoral Students and members of the Research Engineering team are there?
Fellows from partner universities
The Turing Fellows are based at one of the partner universities and have a part-time appointment at the Alan Turing Institute. This can range from one day a month to several days a week and each university prefers different arrangements.
Can you guess which university has the largest number of Turing Fellows affiliated with the Alan Turing Institute?
Talks recorded at the Alan Turing Institute
The Alan Turing Institute published over YouTube videos that have a total watch time of minutes. Videos from the Fellow Short Talks series feature the current research of the Research Fellows and Falculty Fellows. The Turing Lectures series contains invited talks from researchers across the world. The chart below shows the aggregate number of video views for all the talks posted on YouTube.
Note that the chart below is calculated from a data dump from YouTube and so you can click on any of the numbers quoted in the previous paragraph, or on the "view source code" link, and explore the data on your own. Try changing the number of views to the number of subscribers!
When are videos published
Let's now have a more detailed look at the YouTube video views. The bubble chart shows when each video was published together with the total number of views since it was published.
You can see huge spike in activity around October 2016 when regular talk series started and then a break around Christmas 2016. Since then, activity has been more regular.
Now the game part! The line chart below shows total video views per day. This jumps up and down, so the line chart shows average values over two weeks. Can you guess the rest of the line?
Selected Turing videos
Now, let's look at a couple of individual lectures. The following list contains a number of talks (selected by hand) that illustrate the breadth of the topics covered by the institute. You can explore and select other talks if you click "open source code".
- Ethics in the Age of Information
- High-Dimensional Learning
- The Data Science of Politics
- Open Data-Driven Storytelling
- What is data science?
The game part is, can you assign the talks to the bars in the chart by the number of their views? To do this, click on a talk title and then click on a bar where you think it should be!
Events at the Alan Turing Institute
The Alan Turing Institute hosted over events. Those include Turing Lectures, which feature lectures by prominent researchers visiting the institute, Fellow Short Talks where Turing researchers introduce their work, smaller informal workshops where new collaborations are initiated and also a range of events for students. In total, number of visits for all events hosted at the institute was over . Note that we do not track individual visitors, so if you attended two events, you will be counted twice.
The following chart gives an overview of the events. The institute started hosting early scoping workshops between December 2015 and continued throughout 2016. A lot more activity started once the institute officially opened in October 2016.
How many people come
As you can see in the following chart, the two most common kinds of events hosted at the institute are workshops and lectures. Since the institute was established, it hosted lectures and workshops. The number of short talks and larger conferences was smaller.
The total number of visitors to any of the events was , but the fun question for you is to guess how is the number of visits distributed between different kinds of events?
In the following interactive visualization, you can try to guess! You need to guess the total number of visits to all the short talks, conferences, workshops and lectures, respectively.
Largest Turing events
Turing Lectures often attract a large number of guests. The largest one had over visitors, but the next four closely follow the lead. You can view the recordings of many of the biggest events on YouTube, including four of the top five. Here, they are in alphabethic order:
- AI and Public Services
- Data Science for Medicine
- Data Science, National Security and Systems Challenges (not recorded)
- Multi-Agent Learning at DeepMind
- Smarter Cities
As with the YouTube videos before, can you assign the events to their bars based on the number of attendees? Click on the event and then on the bar where you think it should be!
Explore the data on your own
This article is built using The Gamma, which makes it possible to present data in a transparent and open way. This means that you can access the raw data behind the visualization and check that it is used correctly. You can do this for any visualziation on the page by clicking on the "open source code" link. To make it easier, you can also use the editor below. Select any of the samples, edit the code and hit "Run and show" to see the results!


Installs the official MongoDB Docker container. MongoDB’s persistent data is stored under /var/lib/mongodb
in the VM.
Additional required keys:
extra_vars['is_rs']
: Set to True to initiate replica set configuration of MongoDB.extra_vars['is_rs_master']
: Set to True to initiate the server as a the master (primary) node.extra_vars['is_rs_slave']
: Set to True for all slaves (secondaries).extra_vars['rs_init']
: Set to True to initialize the cluster (must be after the cluster has been fully initiated).MongoDB can also be deployed in a cluster setup over a Weave network. See Examples for a detailed example of this setup.


A retrospective by Max Scheinin Copyright, 1997, Max Scheinin
**** = perfection *** = good, not great ** = not good, not bad - merely acceptable * = not acceptable yet not horrid - merely very bad ZERO = horrid - avoid at all costs 1/2 = icing on the cake
Released 1962 A David Lean film, "Lawrence Of Arabia" Starring: Peter O' Toole, Omar Sharif, Anthony Quinn, Alec Guiness, Jack Hawkins, Claude Rains, Anthony Quale, Arthur Kennedy, Jose Ferrer Rating: ****
Once in a very great while a truly special movie comes along. These movies are like fairy tales; you don't just watch them you actually experience them. A handful come to mind at once: Battleship Potemkin, Modern Times, The Wizard Of Oz, Citizen Kane, Casablanca, Singin' In The Rain, Some Like It Hot, Vertigo, 2001, The Sound Of Music, The Godfather Part I and II, Jaws. Lawrence Of Arabia is such a film. When T.E. Lawrence ( Peter O' Toole ) stares across the simmering desert we feel his hesitation to go ahead into the unknown. When the final battle scene unspools on the screen you feel every man's anxiety and fear. And when, after days of dutifully trudging through the desert, the party comes upon a small oasis you too feel relief. The film involves you so directly that when you leave you have been a little transformed. T.E. Lawrence was a remarkable man and his story is truly amazing.
Numerous moments live in your mind. I was so transfixed by the screen that I nearly forgot I was sitting on my couch watching. I saw the film in it's wide screen format, which means I probably didn't truly appreciate it's full scope and breadth. But what I saw was so amazing. Words cannot describe the sights. Characters develop so naturally; every flinch of a muscle seems so lifelike; every time that someone tries to express something it's all so utterly natural that by the end you are certain that it had to be real.
Movies were originally created for pure entertainment. Now they have came to mean so much more. It's comforting to think that Lawrence Of Arabia will never be forgotten. If the current 'Batman And Robin' is a turkey then Lawrence is a feast for the eyes.
LOA runs a lengthy 3:31. I must admit that I usually my doubts walking into such a long film, but this one is never tedious or boring. David Lean masterfully captured the reality of the desert on film; it is harsh but fascinating, a windswept land of sun. Every minute is truly gripping. I give it ****.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


by ipedrazas 2013-02-19 startups startups anti-patterns
But there’s a particular case that gest the whole thing wrong: Parents with only one child. They think that one child takes so much time, that 3 will take at least 3 times more.
Very Wrong.
Children, like a team, don’t add up but mix. It’s all about how well organised you are and don’t get me wrong, it’s not about planning 2 weeks ahead, it’s about planning what are they going to do next or tomorrow, not in 2 weeks, or summer. Yes, registering for summer camps, like managing training of your team has to be done with plenty of time.
Managing software projects and managing children is quite similar. There are very big unknowns. Planning two weeks ahead makes not much sense. Alas, planning what are they going to do after school is never easy because you never know how tired they will be, or which mood they will come out with… Plan this big dinner to find out that they had this massive Birthday party and they’ve been fuelled by sugar and noise… So, yes, you have to plan, planning is key… as much as being able to be flexible an improvise.
How? software development left in hands of improvisation? well, don’t get me wrong, it’s not the improvisation that comes with “Don’t have a clue… let’s try this” but the improvisation that comes with experience of being now and there. Key is to plan this or that and if it fails (for any reason) do that other thing or try this other approach.
So, here we are, it’s not about reading the right books, it’s about doing the wrong thing and learning from it. Notice the LEARN bit… any parent with children know their children very well, so when they come home with a foul mood, or tired or XXXX they know how to smooth the transition from school to bed, or how I tell my wife, Bed deployment was success. All unit tests are green, house is quiet.
She text back something along the lines “nerd! … love you”
Life is never easy, but it’s about being flexible


Implements interfaces:
Located in /util/Sys/Db/Adapter/Mysql.php (line 35)
we_util_Sys_Db | --we_util_Sys_Db_Mysql
Documentation generated on Mon, 01 Sep 2008 11:35:42 +0200 by phpDocumentor 1.4.0


Today we will discuess the differences between arrays and hashes and provide some examples of how to use each
By definition an array is an ordered, integer-indexed collection of objects; and a hash is a dictionary-like collection of uniqure keys and their values.
Now what does that mean?
In its simpliest sense, an array is a store set of objects. These objects can be strings, integers, floats or even other arrays. A hash is a more defined version of an array in that is has a key and value pair, similar to a dictionary. In a dictionary you have a word and a description of that word. The key is like a word and the value being the description. You access the value(or definition) of a key(or word).
Lets look at some examples of each.
Here is an example of an array called "my_family". I have stored 5 strings inside. At the 0 placeholder(the very first place in the list since we start counting from 0) I have stored the string "my name". "father" is in the 1 placeholder
Now on line 3 we call the entire value of the my_family array and line 5 the value of the 0 placeholder. Replace the number to choose which spot you want. Below we see the output.
The entire array is called in response to line 3 and just the very first string value is called in response to line 5.
Now lets look over some Hash Examples
Here we have a hash called my_family_hash with various assignments for each name. The definition for my_name is Jeremy, father is Ernie, mother is Carol, etc. Again, we call the entire hash variable on line 11 and the definition for the first assignment on line 13.
Here are the responses from our terminal. We see the entire hash printed out and the first definition on the next line, Perfect!
Even though this is not a comprehensive article, we can start see the subtle differences between an array and hash. You can see the key:value or word:definition relationship in an array as well, the only difference is you cannot chose the keys. They are fixed as integers counting upwards from 0. In a hash you are able to write the key and value for each one.
Please refer to the Ruby Docs online for a more in depth breakdown of all the features that arrays and hashes are capable of.


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The CoinGecko API is utilised to fetch data in marketcap barchart race visualization. This API is an excellent choice for cryptocurrencies as the data comes from one of the most popular price trackers and requires no API key to function.
There are many ways to get the data from the api but the most up to date best practice is to use the JavaScript Fetch API introduced in es6.
static async #fetchCoinNames()
{
const urlText = `https://api.coingecko.com/api/v3/coins/markets?vs_currency=usd&order=market_cap_desc&per_page=50&page=1&sparkline=false`;
const response = await fetch(urlText);
const data = await response.json();
const coinNames = data.map(coin => coin.id);
let coinsNamesToFilter = ["bitcoin", "ethereum", "ripple", "tether", "usd-coin"];
let filteredCoinNames = coinNames.filter(name => !(coinsNamesToFilter.includes(name)));
let shortListTokenNames = filteredCoinNames.slice(0, 15);
return shortListTokenNames
}
The data taken from the CoinGecko AP will not be suitable as it is and will need to be processed in a number of steps.
First the names of the 50 largest market caps will need to be requested. As there is a large discrepancy between the largest few coins and the remaining of the top 50 you may wish to filter these to provide a more useful bar chart race that can show changes over time.
The next step is the loop through the array of the largest market caps and make new requests for each coin name in order to get the chart history for each coin in the desired time frame.
Finally the data will need to be parsed into a format the bar chart race will understand. This can be done by iterating through the collected data and creating an array of object literals in a data, name, category and value format.
static async #fetchCoinMarketcap(coinText)
{
const urlText = `https://api.coingecko.com/api/v3/coins/${coinText}/market_chart?vs_currency=usd&days=90&interval=daily`;
const response = await fetch(urlText);
const data = await response.json();
const allMarketCaps = data.market_caps;
let fullDataObjectArray = [];
for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(allMarketCaps))
{
fullDataObjectArray.push(
{
date: new Date(value[0]),
name: coinText,
category: coinText,
value: value[1].toFixed(2)
}
);
}
return fullDataObjectArray;
}
The chart consists of four main parts; the bars, the x-axis, the labels, and the ticker showing the current date. These are updated on a continuous loop at and rate defined by the key frame rate until the data has been completely iterated though.
The bars displayed on screen are defined by a rank depended by the top 15 caps out of 50. The x-asis is updated on the same keyframe using the date from the value property of the objects created earlier. The labels are static from the name property and the ticker from the date property.
let barChartSvg = d3.select("#barChartSvg").attr("viewBox", [0, 0, width, height]);
let updateBars = bars(barChartSvg);
let updateAxis = axis(barChartSvg);
let updateLabels = labels(barChartSvg);
let updateTicker = ticker(barChartSvg);
document.getElementById("loadingP").remove(); //Turn off loading text
for (const keyframe of keyframes)
{
const transition = barChartSvg.transition().duration(duration).ease(d3.easeLinear);
// Extract the top bar’s value.
xHorizontal.domain([0, keyframe[1][0].value]);
updateAxis(keyframe, transition);
updateBars(keyframe, transition);
updateLabels(keyframe, transition);
updateTicker(keyframe, transition);
await transition.end();
}


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- authors
- Jason Lowe-Power
Creating a simple cache object
In this chapter, we will take the framework for a memory object we created in the last chapter <memoryobject-chapter> and add caching logic to it.
SimpleCache SimObject
After creating the SConscript file, that you can download
here <../_static/scripts/part2/simplecache/SConscript>, we can create
the SimObject Python file. We will call this simple memory object
SimpleCache
and create the SimObject Python file in
src/learning_gem5/simple_cache
.
``` {.sourceCode .python} from m5.params import * from m5.proxy import * from MemObject import MemObject
class SimpleCache(MemObject): type = ‘SimpleCache’ cxx_header = “learning_gem5/simple_cache/simple_cache.hh”
cpu_side = VectorSlavePort("CPU side port, receives requests")
mem_side = MasterPort("Memory side port, sends requests")
latency = Param.Cycles(1, "Cycles taken on a hit or to resolve a miss")
size = Param.MemorySize('16kB', "The size of the cache")
system = Param.System(Parent.any, "The system this cache is part of") ```
There are a couple of differences between this SimObject file and the one from the previous chapter <memoryobject-chapter>. First, we have a couple of extra parameters. Namely, a latency for cache accesses and the size of the cache. parameters-chapter goes into more detail about these kinds of SimObject parameters.
Next, we include a System
parameter, which is a pointer to the main
system this cache is connected to. This is needed so we can get the
cache block size from the system object when we are initializing the
cache. To reference the system object this cache is connected to, we use
a special proxy parameter. In this case, we use Parent.any
.
In the Python config file, when a SimpleCache
is instantiated, this
proxy parameter searches through all of the parents of the SimpleCache
instance to find a SimObject that matches the System
type. Since we
often use a System
as the root SimObject, you will often see a
system
parameter resolved with this proxy parameter.
The third and final difference between the SimpleCache
and the
SimpleMemobj
is that instead of having two named CPU ports
(inst_port
and data_port
), the SimpleCache
use another special
parameter: the VectorPort
. VectorPorts
behave similarly to regular
ports (e.g., they are resolved via getMasterPort
and getSlavePort
),
but they allow this object to connect to multiple peers. Then, in the
resolution functions the parameter we ignored before (PortID idx
) is
used to differentiate between the different ports. By using a vector
port, this cache can be connected into the system more flexibly than the
SimpleMemobj
.
Implementing the SimpleCache
Most of the code for the `SimpleCache
is the same as the
SimpleMemobj
. There are a couple of changes in the constructor and the
key memory object functions.
First, we need to create the CPU side ports dynamically in the constructor and initialize the extra member functions based on the SimObject parameters.
``` {.sourceCode .c++} SimpleCache::SimpleCache(SimpleCacheParams *params) : MemObject(params), latency(params->latency), blockSize(params->system->cacheLineSize()), capacity(params->size / blockSize), memPort(params->name + “.mem_side”, this), blocked(false), outstandingPacket(nullptr), waitingPortId(-1) { for (int i = 0; i < params->port_cpu_side_connection_count; ++i) { cpuPorts.emplace_back(name() + csprintf(“.cpu_side[%d]”, i), i, this); } }
In this function, we use the `cacheLineSize` from the system parameters
to set the `blockSize` for this cache. We also initialize the capacity
based on the block size and the parameter and initialize other member
variables we will need below. Finally, we must create a number of
`CPUSidePorts` based on the number of connections to this object. Since
the `cpu_side` port was declared as a `VectorSlavePort` in the SimObject
Python file, the parameter automatically has a variable
`port_cpu_side_connection_count`. This is based on the Python name of
the parameter. For each of these connections we add a new `CPUSidePort`
to a `cpuPorts` vector declared in the `SimpleCache` class.
We also add one extra member variable to the `CPUSidePort` to save its
id, and we add this as a parameter to its constructor.
Next, we need to implement `getMasterPort` and `getSlavePort`. The
`getMasterPort` is exactly the same as the `SimpleMemobj`. For
`getSlavePort`, we now need to return the port based on the id
requested.
``` {.sourceCode .c++}
BaseSlavePort&
SimpleCache::getSlavePort(const std::string& if_name, PortID idx)
{
if (if_name == "cpu_side" && idx < cpuPorts.size()) {
return cpuPorts[idx];
} else {
return MemObject::getSlavePort(if_name, idx);
}
}
The implementation of the CPUSidePort
and the MemSidePort
is almost
the same as in the SimpleMemobj
. The only difference is we need to add
an extra parameter to handleRequest
that is the id of the port which
the request originated. Without this id, we would not be able to forward
the response to the correct port. The SimpleMemobj
knew which port to
send replies based on whether the original request was an instruction or
data accesses. However, this information is not useful to the
SimpleCache
since it uses a vector of ports and not named ports.
The new handleRequest
function does two different things than the
handleRequest
function in the SimpleMemobj
. First, it stores the
port id of the request as discussed above. Since the SimpleCache
is
blocking and only allows a single request outstanding at a time, we only
need to save a single port id.
Second, it takes time to access a cache. Therefore, we need to take into
account the latency to access the cache tags and the cache data for a
request. We added an extra parameter to the cache object for this, and
in handleRequest
we now use an event to stall the request for the
needed amount of time. We schedule a new event for latency
cycles in
the future. The clockEdge
function returns the tick that the nth
cycle in the future occurs on.
``` {.sourceCode .c++} bool SimpleCache::handleRequest(PacketPtr pkt, int port_id) { if (blocked) { return false; } DPRINTF(SimpleCache, “Got request for addr %#x\n”, pkt->getAddr());
blocked = true;
waitingPortId = port_id;
schedule(new AccessEvent(this, pkt), clockEdge(latency));
return true; } ```
The AccessEvent
is a little more complicated than the EventWrapper
we used in events-chapter. Instead of using an EventWrapper
, in the
SimpleCache
we will use a new class. The reason we cannot use an
EventWrapper
, is that we need to pass the packet (pkt
) from
handleRequest
to the event handler function. The following code is the
AccessEvent
class. We only need to implement the process
function,
that calls the function we want to use as our event handler, in this
case accessTming
. We also pass the flag AutoDelete
to the event
constructor so we do not need to worry about freeing the memory for the
dynamically created object. The event code will automatically delete the
object after the process
function has executed.
``` {.sourceCode .c++} class AccessEvent : public Event { private: SimpleCache *cache; PacketPtr pkt; public: AccessEvent(SimpleCache *cache, PacketPtr pkt) : Event(Default_Pri, AutoDelete), cache(cache), pkt(pkt) { } void process() override { cache->accessTiming(pkt); } };
Now, we need to implement the event handler, `accessTiming`.
``` {.sourceCode .c++}
void
SimpleCache::accessTiming(PacketPtr pkt)
{
bool hit = accessFunctional(pkt);
if (hit) {
pkt->makeResponse();
sendResponse(pkt);
} else {
<miss handling>
}
}
This function first functionally accesses the cache. This function
accessFunctional
(described below) performs the functional access of
the cache and either reads or writes the cache on a hit or returns that
the access was a miss.
If the access is a hit, we simply need to respond to the packet. To
respond, you first must call the function makeResponse
on the packet.
This converts the packet from a request packet to a response packet. For
instance, if the memory command in the packet was a ReadReq
this gets
converted into a ReadResp
. Writes behave similarly. Then, we can send
the response back to the CPU.
The sendResponse
function does the same things as the handleResponse
function in the SimpleMemobj
except that it uses the waitingPortId
to send the packet to the right port. In this function, we need to mark
the SimpleCache
unblocked before calling sendPacket
in case the peer
on the CPU side immediately calls sendTimingReq
. Then, we try to send
retries to the CPU side ports if the SimpleCache
can now receive
requests and the ports need to be sent retries.
``` {.sourceCode .c++} void SimpleCache::sendResponse(PacketPtr pkt) { int port = waitingPortId;
blocked = false;
waitingPortId = -1;
cpuPorts[port].sendPacket(pkt);
for (auto& port : cpuPorts) {
port.trySendRetry();
} } ```
Back to the accessTiming
function, we now need to handle the cache
miss case. On a miss, we first have to check to see if the missing
packet is to an entire cache block. If the packet is aligned and the
size of the request is the size of a cache block, then we can simply
forward the request to memory, just like in the SimpleMemobj
.
However, if the packet is smaller than a cache block, then we need to create a new packet to read the entire cache block from memory. Here, whether the packet is a read or a write request, we send a read request to memory to load the data for the cache block into the cache. In the case of a write, it will occur in the cache after we have loaded the data from memory.
Then, we create a new packet, that is blockSize
in size and we call
the allocate
function to allocate memory in the Packet
object for
the data that we will read from memory. Note: this memory is freed when
we free the packet. We use the original request object in the packet so
the memory-side objects know the original requestor and the original
request type for statistics.
Finally, we save the original packet pointer (pkt
) in a member
variable outstandingPacket
so we can recover it when the SimpleCache
receives a response. Then, we send the new packet across the memory side
port.
``` {.sourceCode .c++} void SimpleCache::accessTiming(PacketPtr pkt) { bool hit = accessFunctional(pkt); if (hit) { pkt->makeResponse(); sendResponse(pkt); } else { Addr addr = pkt->getAddr(); Addr block_addr = pkt->getBlockAddr(blockSize); unsigned size = pkt->getSize(); if (addr == block_addr && size == blockSize) { DPRINTF(SimpleCache, “forwarding packet\n”); memPort.sendPacket(pkt); } else { DPRINTF(SimpleCache, “Upgrading packet to block size\n”); panic_if(addr - block_addr + size > blockSize, “Cannot handle accesses that span multiple cache lines”);
assert(pkt->needsResponse());
MemCmd cmd;
if (pkt->isWrite() || pkt->isRead()) {
cmd = MemCmd::ReadReq;
} else {
panic("Unknown packet type in upgrade size");
}
PacketPtr new_pkt = new Packet(pkt->req, cmd, blockSize);
new_pkt->allocate();
outstandingPacket = pkt;
memPort.sendPacket(new_pkt);
}
} } ```
On a response from memory, we know that this was caused by a cache miss. The first step is to insert the responding packet into the cache.
Then, either there is an outstandingPacket
, in which case we need to
forward that packet to the original requestor, or there is no
outstandingPacket
which means we should forward the pkt
in the
response to the original requestor.
If the packet we are receiving as a response was an upgrade packet because the original request was smaller than a cache line, then we need to copy the new data to the outstandingPacket packet or write to the cache on a write. Then, we need to delete the new packet that we made in the miss handling logic.
``` {.sourceCode .c++} bool SimpleCache::handleResponse(PacketPtr pkt) { assert(blocked); DPRINTF(SimpleCache, “Got response for addr %#x\n”, pkt->getAddr()); insert(pkt);
if (outstandingPacket != nullptr) {
accessFunctional(outstandingPacket);
outstandingPacket->makeResponse();
delete pkt;
pkt = outstandingPacket;
outstandingPacket = nullptr;
} // else, pkt contains the data it needs
sendResponse(pkt);
return true; } ```
Functional cache logic
Now, we need to implement two more functions: accessFunctional
and
insert
. These two functions make up the key components of the cache
logic.
First, to functionally update the cache, we first need storage for the
cache contents. The simplest possible cache storage is a map (hashtable)
that maps from addresses to data. Thus, we will add the following member
to the SimpleCache
.
``` {.sourceCode .c++} std::unordered_map<Addr, uint8_t*> cacheStore;
To access the cache, we first check to see if there is an entry in the
map which matches the address in the packet. We use the `getBlockAddr`
function of the `Packet` type to get the block-aligned address. Then, we
simply search for that address in the map. If we do not find the
address, then this function returns `false`, the data is not in the
cache, and it is a miss.
Otherwise, if the packet is a write request, we need to update the data
in the cache. To do this, we write the data from the packet to the
cache. We use the `writeDataToBlock` function which writes the data in
the packet to the write offset into a potentially larger block of data.
This function takes the cache block offset and the block size (as a
parameter) and writes the correct offset into the pointer passed as the
first parameter.
If the packet is a read request, we need to update the packet's data
with the data from the cache. The `setDataFromBlock` function performs
the same offset calculation as the `writeDataToBlock` function, but
writes the packet with the data from the pointer in the first parameter.
``` {.sourceCode .c++}
bool
SimpleCache::accessFunctional(PacketPtr pkt)
{
Addr block_addr = pkt->getBlockAddr(blockSize);
auto it = cacheStore.find(block_addr);
if (it != cacheStore.end()) {
if (pkt->isWrite()) {
pkt->writeDataToBlock(it->second, blockSize);
} else if (pkt->isRead()) {
pkt->setDataFromBlock(it->second, blockSize);
} else {
panic("Unknown packet type!");
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
Finally, we also need to implement the insert
function. This function
is called every time the memory side port responds to a request.
The first step is to check if the cache is currently full. If the cache
has more entries (blocks) than the capacity of the cache as set by the
SimObject parameter, then we need to evict something. The following code
evicts a random entry by leveraging the hashtable implementation of the
C++ unordered_map
.
On an eviction, we need to write the data back to the backing memory in
case it has been updated. For this, we create a new Request
-Packet
pair. The packet uses a new memory command: MemCmd::WritebackDirty
.
Then, we send the packet across the memory side port (memPort
) and
erase the entry in the cache storage map.
Then, after a block has potentially been evicted, we add the new address to the cache. For this we simply allocate space for the block and add an entry to the map. Finally, we write the data from the response packet in to the newly allocated block. This data is guaranteed to be the size of the cache block since we made sure to make a new packet in the cache miss logic if the packet was smaller than a cache block.
``` {.sourceCode .c++} void SimpleCache::insert(PacketPtr pkt) { if (cacheStore.size() >= capacity) { // Select random thing to evict. This is a little convoluted since we // are using a std::unordered_map. See http://bit.ly/2hrnLP2 int bucket, bucket_size; do { bucket = random_mt.random(0, (int)cacheStore.bucket_count() - 1); } while ( (bucket_size = cacheStore.bucket_size(bucket)) == 0 ); auto block = std::next(cacheStore.begin(bucket), random_mt.random(0, bucket_size - 1));
RequestPtr req = new Request(block->first, blockSize, 0, 0);
PacketPtr new_pkt = new Packet(req, MemCmd::WritebackDirty, blockSize);
new_pkt->dataDynamic(block->second); // This will be deleted later
DPRINTF(SimpleCache, "Writing packet back %s\n", pkt->print());
memPort.sendTimingReq(new_pkt);
cacheStore.erase(block->first);
}
uint8_t *data = new uint8_t[blockSize];
cacheStore[pkt->getAddr()] = data;
pkt->writeDataToBlock(data, blockSize); } ```
Creating a config file for the cache
The last step in our implementation is to create a new Python config
script that uses our cache. We can use the outline from the
last chapter <memoryobject-chapter> as a starting point. The only
difference is we may want to set the parameters of this cache (e.g., set
the size of the cache to 1kB
) and instead of using the named ports
(data_port
and inst_port
), we just use the cpu_side
port twice.
Since cpu_side
is a VectorPort
, it will automatically create
multiple port connections.
``` {.sourceCode .python} import m5 from m5.objects import *
…
system.cache = SimpleCache(size=’1kB’)
system.cpu.icache_port = system.cache.cpu_side system.cpu.dcache_port = system.cache.cpu_side
system.membus = SystemXBar()
system.cache.mem_side = system.membus.slave
…
The Python config file can be downloaded
here \<../\_static/scripts/part2/simplecache/simple\_cache.py\>
Running this script should produce the expected output from the hello
binary.
gem5 Simulator System. http://gem5.org
gem5 is copyrighted software; use the --copyright option for details.
gem5 compiled Jan 10 2017 17:38:15
gem5 started Jan 10 2017 17:40:03
gem5 executing on chinook, pid 29031
command line: build/X86/gem5.opt configs/learning_gem5/part2/simple_cache.py
Global frequency set at<PHONE_NUMBER>000 ticks per second
warn: DRAM device capacity (8192 Mbytes) does not match the address range assigned (512 Mbytes)
0: system.remote_gdb.listener: listening for remote gdb #0 on port 7000
warn: CoherentXBar system.membus has no snooping ports attached!
warn: ClockedObject: More than one power state change request encountered within the same simulation tick
Beginning simulation!
info: Entering event queue @ 0. Starting simulation...
Hello world!
Exiting @ tick 56082000 because target called exit()
Modifying the size of the cache, for instance to 128 KB, should improve
the performance of the system.
gem5 Simulator System. http://gem5.org
gem5 is copyrighted software; use the --copyright option for details.
gem5 compiled Jan 10 2017 17:38:15
gem5 started Jan 10 2017 17:41:10
gem5 executing on chinook, pid 29037
command line: build/X86/gem5.opt configs/learning_gem5/part2/simple_cache.py
Global frequency set at<PHONE_NUMBER>000 ticks per second
warn: DRAM device capacity (8192 Mbytes) does not match the address range assigned (512 Mbytes)
0: system.remote_gdb.listener: listening for remote gdb #0 on port 7000
warn: CoherentXBar system.membus has no snooping ports attached!
warn: ClockedObject: More than one power state change request encountered within the same simulation tick
Beginning simulation!
info: Entering event queue @ 0. Starting simulation...
Hello world!
Exiting @ tick 32685000 because target called exit()
Adding statistics to the cache
------------------------------
Knowing the overall execution time of the system is one important
metric. However, you may want to include other statistics as well, such
as the hit and miss rates of the cache. To do this, we need to add some
statistics to the `SimpleCache` object.
First, we need to declare the statistics in the `SimpleCache` object.
They are part of the `Stats` namespace. In this case, we'll make four
statistics. The number of `hits` and the number of `misses` are just
simple `Scalar` counts. We will also add a `missLatency` which is a
histogram of the time it takes to satisfy a miss. Finally, we'll add a
special statistic called a `Formula` for the `hitRatio` that is a
combination of other statistics (the number of hits and misses).
``` {.sourceCode .c++}
class SimpleCache : public MemObject
{
private:
...
Tick missTime; // To track the miss latency
Stats::Scalar hits;
Stats::Scalar misses;
Stats::Histogram missLatency;
Stats::Formula hitRatio;
public:
...
void regStats() override;
};
Next, we have to define the function to override the regStats
function
so the statistics are registered with gem5’s statistics infrastructure.
Here, for each statistic, we give it a name based on the “parent”
SimObject name and a description. For the histogram statistic, we also
need to initialize it with how many buckets we want in the histogram.
Finally, for the formula, we simply need to write the formula down in
code.
``` {.sourceCode .c++} void SimpleCache::regStats() { // If you don’t do this you get errors about uninitialized stats. MemObject::regStats();
hits.name(name() + ".hits")
.desc("Number of hits")
;
misses.name(name() + ".misses")
.desc("Number of misses")
;
missLatency.name(name() + ".missLatency")
.desc("Ticks for misses to the cache")
.init(16) // number of buckets
;
hitRatio.name(name() + ".hitRatio")
.desc("The ratio of hits to the total accesses to the cache")
;
hitRatio = hits / (hits + misses);
}
Finally, we need to use update the statistics in our code. In the
`accessTiming` class, we can increment the `hits` and `misses` on a hit
and miss respectively. Additionally, on a miss, we save the current time
so we can measure the latency.
``` {.sourceCode .c++}
void
SimpleCache::accessTiming(PacketPtr pkt)
{
bool hit = accessFunctional(pkt);
if (hit) {
hits++; // update stats
pkt->makeResponse();
sendResponse(pkt);
} else {
misses++; // update stats
missTime = curTick();
...
Then, when we get a response, we need to add the measured latency to our
histogram. For this, we use the sample
function. This adds a single
point to the histogram. This histogram automatically resizes the buckets
to fit the data it receives.
``` {.sourceCode .c++} bool SimpleCache::handleResponse(PacketPtr pkt) { insert(pkt);
missLatency.sample(curTick() - missTime);
... ```
The complete code for the SimpleCache
header file can be downloaded
here <../_static/scripts/part2/simplecache/simple_cache.hh>, and the
complete code for the implementation of the SimpleCache
can be
downloaded
here <../_static/scripts/part2/simplecache/simple_cache.cc>.
Now, if we run the above config file, we can check on the statistics in
the stats.txt
file. For the 1 KB case, we get the following
statistics. 91% of the accesses are hits and the average miss latency is
53334 ticks (or 53 ns).
system.cache.hits 8431 # Number of hits
system.cache.misses 877 # Number of misses
system.cache.missLatency::samples 877 # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::mean 53334.093501 # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::gmean 44506.409356 # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::stdev 36749.446469 # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::0-32767 305 34.78% 34.78% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::32768-65535 365 41.62% 76.40% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::65536-98303 164 18.70% 95.10% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::98304-131071 12 1.37% 96.47% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::131072-163839 17 1.94% 98.40% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::163840-196607 7 0.80% 99.20% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::196608-229375 0 0.00% 99.20% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::229376-262143 0 0.00% 99.20% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::262144-294911 2 0.23% 99.43% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::294912-327679 4 0.46% 99.89% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::327680-360447 1 0.11% 100.00% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::360448-393215 0 0.00% 100.00% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::393216-425983 0 0.00% 100.00% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::425984-458751 0 0.00% 100.00% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::458752-491519 0 0.00% 100.00% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::491520-524287 0 0.00% 100.00% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::total 877 # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.hitRatio 0.905780 # The ratio of hits to the total access
And when using a 128 KB cache, we get a slightly higher hit ratio. It seems like our cache is working as expected!
system.cache.hits 8944 # Number of hits
system.cache.misses 364 # Number of misses
system.cache.missLatency::samples 364 # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::mean 64222.527473 # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::gmean 61837.584812 # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::stdev 27232.443748 # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::0-32767 0 0.00% 0.00% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::32768-65535 254 69.78% 69.78% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::65536-98303 106 29.12% 98.90% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::98304-131071 0 0.00% 98.90% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::131072-163839 0 0.00% 98.90% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::163840-196607 0 0.00% 98.90% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::196608-229375 0 0.00% 98.90% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::229376-262143 0 0.00% 98.90% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::262144-294911 2 0.55% 99.45% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::294912-327679 1 0.27% 99.73% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::327680-360447 1 0.27% 100.00% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::360448-393215 0 0.00% 100.00% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::393216-425983 0 0.00% 100.00% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::425984-458751 0 0.00% 100.00% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::458752-491519 0 0.00% 100.00% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::491520-524287 0 0.00% 100.00% # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.missLatency::total 364 # Ticks for misses to the cache
system.cache.hitRatio 0.960894 # The ratio of hits to the total access


From:
{{getFormatedTime(model.FromTime.value)}}
To:
{{getFormatedTime(model.ToTime.value)}}
If visit not in person, please explain why:
If visit not in parents’ home, please explain why:
If in the parent’s home, describe the environment:
Adults and children present at visit and relationship to child(ren):
Was an adjustment made to visit time, length or location?
If yes, what was the reason:
List the safety concerns/contributing factors leading to the decision for supervised or monitored visitation:
If yes, describe the safety concern and how the concern was addressed during the visit:
Concerns:
What progress has the child(ren) and family made in following the safety plan?
What are the family’s strengths and resources to mitigate the safety concerns?
(i.e - resilient, mental health services, drug/alcohol services, parenting class, mentor, support system)
List the risk concerns leading to the decision for supervised or monitored visitation:
What services or case plan tasks are in place to mitigate the risks?
What progress has been made by the family to mitigate the risks?


{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block title %}Decision detail: {{ object.name }}{% endblock %}
{% block header %}Decision detail: {{ object.name }}{% endblock %}
{% block buttons %}
{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
{% with completeness=object.getDecisionDetailData %}
{% with variants=object.getVariants %}
{{ object.description }} {{ item.description }}General informations
Description
Info
Results
Result
{% else %}
Completeness
{% endif %}
Voting progress chart
Criteria importance chart
Criterias
{% for item in object.getCriterias %}
{{item.name}}
Description
Variants
{% for item in variants %}
{% endfor %}
Invited users
{% for item in invited %}
{% include "decision_users.html" %}
{% empty %}
Invite users to evaluate your decision process. You also need to invite yourself if you want to participate in the process.Uninvited users
{% for item in object.getUninvited %}
{% empty %}
Your decision has no invited users yet.
Invite users to evaluate your decision process. You also need to invite yourself if you want to participate in the process.
Here you can invite users to participate on the decision process by selecting their expertise in the field of the decision process and clicking the invite button.
Your decision has invited users that didn't respond yet.
You can see the state of their invites in invitations section. You also need to invite yourself if you want to participate in the process.
Here you can see current user invites and their state.


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Islamist lobby Ummah wants MPs to condemn LTTE, warns of a rally otherwise
by BY RADZI RAZAKKUALA LUMPUR, Nov 5 — Islamist coalition Ummah has called on Parliament today to table a motion condemning the now-defunct Liberation Tigers of Tamil Elam (LTTE), following the arrests and charges against 12 people including two DAP assemblymen.
Its chairman Aminuddin Yahaya, who is also the president of Islamist group Ikatan Muslimin Malaysia (Isma), also threatened yet another rally if no action is taken.
“We want the MPs here today to bring up and speak about this issue in Parliament. Let it be gazetted, raised and passed in Parliament that LTTE is illegal and action should be taken against them as soon as possible,” he told reporters here.
Despite his call, Malaysia has already designated LTTE as a foreign terrorist organisation since 2014.
Amiruddin had earlier led a group of activists who protested in front of the Parliament, before submitting a memorandum “Save Malaysia from Terrorists” to several MPs today.
His group was earlier prevented from marching towards the Parliament’s gate, but was allowed to submit the memorandum to Umno President Datuk Seri Ahmad Zahid Hamidi and PAS Deputy President Datuk Tuan Ibrahim Tuan Man.
The two represented Muafakat Nasional — the alliance between Umno and PAS — and the Barisan Nasional coalition.
Sungai Petani MP and PKR chief whip Datuk Johari Abdul also accepted the memorandum on behalf of Pakatan Harapan.
“Although there are different views, we would not leave the country in the hands of terrorist,” he said, but did not elaborate on PH’s reaction to the memorandum.


Shear Moment Diagram
Input Field
Select Type of Load and Lenght of Beam
Type of Load
Normal Load
Uniform Distributed Load
Moment
Total Lenght:


Nawaz Sharif to be admitted to London hospital
by News Desk–Ijaz Shah sees disparity between former premier’s health, medical reports
Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) supreme leader and former premier Nawaz Sharif will be admitted to a hospital on the advice of London Bridge Hospital’s Professor Simon Redwood.
The former premier visited the hospital with his brother, PML-N President Shehbaz Sharif, and son, Hussain Nawaz, on Monday.
Speaking to the media, Shehbaz said that the former premier’s treatment will commence after the real cause of his illness is specified. He also said that he will not respond to the comments made by Railways Minister Sheikh Rasheed. “I can only pray for his mental health,” he added.
Nawaz’s personal physician, Dr Adnan Khan told the media that the leading cardiologist had recommended hospital admission for the former premier so that he can undergo angiogram and other medical check-ups.
He said that Nawaz was attending the hospital on appointment. He also said that Professor Redwood is considered as a world authority on cardiac intervention and his recommendations are based on the medical record of the former premier.
“He went through Nawaz’s medical history and recommended that he requires cardiac intervention. He suggested that the PML-N supremo should be admitted in the hospital for procedure,” he added.
The physician said that Nawaz’s health needs care and he will undergo a PET scan on Thursday. “Once he has gone through all haematological investigations, we will then have a clear picture of what is required next and what the exact treatment should be,” he said.
It is worth mentioning here that Nawaz had attended the nearby Guy’s hospital last week for blood tests soon after reaching London.
SHAH SEES ‘DISPARITY’ BETWEEN NAWAZ’S BEHAVIOUR, MEDICAL REPORTS:
Interior Minister Brig (r) Ijaz Ahmad Shah said that there was a “disparity” between the medical reports of the former premier and the behaviour he exhibited while departing the country.

“After seeing Nawaz board the air ambulance, I wondered if he got healthy with the first glance of the London-bound airplane. Definitely, there was a disparity between the medical reports and the behaviour of Nawaz,” he added.


Handcrafted Shoes
Made: April 2nd for my friend Alexis RN pinning Ceramony.
These shoes were crafted using marker and pen.
The inspiration came from her love of flowers and birds.
It took less than 6 hours to make.
Pen Drawings
Columbus from COSI
Marker Drawings
Rick Sanchez from Rick and Morty
Photography
Rigs, an old roommates dog
Charcoal
Mario just for fun
Phone Art
Birthday greeting created on a Samsung Note 5, using Adobe
Digital Art
Part of an art final project
Airbrush, linework, paint, paint and airbrush


关于我们
{include file="layout/search" /} {include file="layout/nav" /}
网站简介
{$about.detail|raw}
{include file="layout/foot" /}


Please help to share the Knowledge >>
The product of electrolysis is a gas which contain a ratio of two-
Hydrogen isn’t toxic and safe to your breath but make sure it wont explode in your lungs. Always work in open space when experimenting electrolysis. HHO gas is lighter then air and can easily pile up on the ceiling, if you must work indoor work in ventilated place.
The higher the pressure of HHO the bigger the explosion will be. Always use bubbler
to avoid the worst case scenario -
Do not install the HHO generator inside the passenger compartment of a car under any circumstances.
Always use common sense to avoid unwanted explosions and dangerous situations.
All information in this site is for educational purposes only. If you choose to implement
the documents on this site, you do it on your own risk. Hydrogen first aid site won’t
be responsible to any damage or injury caused by improper use of the content in this
side. The knowledge in this site provided AS -
We use third-


Other sources of information:
Below is a list of common Ptplot problems.One known problem is that if you have a CLASSPATH environment set when you started your browser, you may get an error message when accessing some of the demos. We suggest unsetting this environment variable, restarting your browser (and sending email to Sun's Java team to complain about the way the CLASSPATH environment variable works). You may also want to check the Java FAQ.
If you have CLASSPATH set, and you run Netscape, then you might see messages like:
Applet Marks can't start: security violation: security.class from local disk trying to access url: http://ptolemy.eecs.berkeley.edu/java/ptolemy/plot/demo/data.pltThe CLASSPATH variable is by far and above the trickiest thing to get right.
bash-2.02$ ./ptplot ./ptplot: Could not find '/tmp/ptolemy/plot'. Perhaps your PTII variable is not set properly? Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: ptolemy/plot/plotml/EditablePlotMLApplicationThe problem here is that the pxgraph script cannot find the ptplot installation. This probably means that your PTII environment variable is not set correctly. Set it to point to the home directory of the plot or Ptolemy II distribution.
To debug such a situation completely,
use which
(on Unix) or type
(on Windows with Cygwin)
to find out which ptplot
script is running, and the run it with the sh -x
flag:
First we run which
:
bash-2.02$ type ptplot ptplot is /users/cxh/ptII/bin/ptplotThe we use
sh -x
. Note that the output you see might be
different, depending on what version of the pxgraph
script
you are running.
bash-2.02$ sh -x /users/cxh/ptII/bin/ptplot + PTII_DEFAULT=/users/cxh/ptII_old + PTJAVA_DIR=/jdk1.2.2 + '[' -z '' ']' + '[' -d /users/cxh/ptII_old ']' + PTII=/users/cxh/ptII_old + export PTII + '[' '!' -d /users/cxh/ptII_old/ptolemy/plot ']' + echo '/users/cxh/ptII/bin/ptplot: Could not find '\''/users/cxh/ptII_old/ptole my/plot'\''. Perhaps your PTII' /users/cxh/ptII/bin/ptplot: Could not find '/users/cxh/ptII_old/ptolemy/plot'. Perhaps your PTII + echo ' variable is not set properly?' variable is not set properly? ++ basename /users/cxh/ptII/bin/ptplot + '[' ptplot = pxgraph ']' ++ basename /users/cxh/ptII/bin/ptplot + '[' ptplot = histogram ']' + javastartupclass=ptolemy.plot.plotml.EditablePlotMLApplication + windows=no + windows=yes + '[' -z '' ']' + '[' -d /jdk1.2.2 ']' + JAVAHOME=/jdk1.2.2 + export JAVAHOME + '[' -z /jdk1.2.2 ']' + '[' -z /jdk1.2.2 ']' + '[' yes = yes ']' ++ cd /users/cxh/ptII_old ++ cmd /c chdir ++ tr -d '\r' + WINPTII=D:\users\cxh\ptII_old + /jdk1.2.2/bin/java -classpath 'D:\users\cxh\ptII_old;/jdk1.2.2\lib\classes.zip' ptolemy.plot.plotml.EditablePlotMLApplication Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: ptolemy/plot/plotml/E ditablePlotMLApplication bash-2.02$In the output below, the key line is the line towards that bottom that runs the
java
interpreter:
+ /jdk1.2.2/bin/java -classpath 'D:\users\cxh\ptII_old;/jdk1.2.2\lib\classes.zip' ptolemy.plot.plotml.EditablePlotMLApplicationIn the ptplot script, the first element in the
-classpath
argument should be a pathname that leads to the top of the Ptolemy II
or Ptplot directory tree.
In this case, there are two problems, one is that $PTII
is not set, so the script is using the value of PTII_DEFAULT
which was hardwired into the script when configure
was run.
Unfortunately, the ptplot
script
was left over from an old installation, and at the top
of the script PTII_DEFAULT was set to /users/cxh/ptII_old
is an empty directory that does not contain a Ptolemy II tree.
The fix is to rerun configure
and
make install
so that the ptplot
script
is properly set up.
Another common fix is to edit the pxgraph
script
and change the variables at the top to point to the proper location.
Last Updated: $Date: 2000/12/31 22:42:00 $


Recipe 4.7. Removing or Reordering Columnsin a List of Rows
Credit: Jason Whitlark
Problem
You have a list of
lists (rows) and need to get another list of the same rows but with
some columns removed and/or reordered.
Solution
A list comprehension works well for this task. Say you
have:
listOfRows = [ [1,2,3,4], [5,6,7,8], [9,10,11,12] ]
You want a list with the same rows but with the second of the four
columns removed and the third and fourth ones interchanged. A simple
list comprehension that performs this job is:
newList = [ [row[0], row[3], row[2]] for row in listOfRows ]
An alternative way of coding, that is at least as practical and
arguably a bit more elegant, is to use an auxiliary sequence (meaning
a list or tuple) that has the column indices you desire in their
proper order. Then, you can nest an inner list comprehension that
loops on the auxiliary sequence inside the outer list comprehension
that loops on listOfRows:
newList = [ [row[ci] for ci in (0, 3, 2)] for row in listofRows ]
Discussion
I often use lists of lists to represent two-dimensional arrays. I
think of such lists as having the
"rows" of a
"two-dimensional array" as their
items. I often perform manipulation on the
"columns" of such a
"two-dimensional array", typically
reordering some columns, sometimes omitting some of the original
columns. It is not obvious (at least, it was not immediately obvious
to me) that list comprehensions are just as useful for this purpose
as they are for other kinds of sequence-manipulation tasks.
A list comprehension builds a new list, rather than altering an
existing one. But even when you do need to alter the existing list in
place, the best approach is to write a list comprehension and assign
it to the existing list's contents. For example, if
you needed to alter listOfRows in place,
for the example given in this recipe's Solution, you
would code:
listOfRows[:] = [ [row[0], row[3], row[2]] for row in listOfRows ]
Do consider, as suggested in the second example in this
recipe's Solution, the possibility of using an
auxiliary sequence to hold the column indices you desire, in the
order in which you desire them, rather than explicitly hard-coding
the list display as we did in the first example. You might feel a
little queasy about nesting two list comprehensions into each other
in this fashion, but it's simpler and safer than you
might fear. If you adopt this approach, you gain some potential
generality, because you can choose to give a name to the auxiliary
sequence of indices, use it to reorder several lists of rows in the
same fashion, pass it as an argument to a function, whatever:
def pick_and_reorder_columns(listofRows, column_indexes):
return [ [row[ci] for ci in column_indexes] for row in listofRows ]
columns = 0, 3, 2
newListOfPandas = pick_and_reorder_columns(oldListOfPandas, columns)
newListOfCats = pick_and_reorder_columns(oldListOfCats, columns)
This example performs just the same column reordering and selection
as all the other snippets in this recipe, but it performs the
operation on two separate "old"
lists, obtaining from each the corresponding
"new" list. Reaching for excessive
generalization is a pernicious temptation, but here, with this
pick_and_reorder_columns function, it seems that we
are probably getting just the right amount of generality.
One last note: some people prefer a fancier way to express the kinds
of list comprehensions that are used as
"inner" ones in some of the
functions used previously. Instead of coding them straightforwardly,
as in:
[row[ci] for ci in column_indexes]
they prefer to use the built-in function map, and
the special method _ _getitem_ _ of
row used as a bound-method, to perform the
indexing subtask, so they code instead:
map(row._ _getitem_ _, column_indexes)
Depending on the exact version of Python,
perhaps this fancy and somewhat obscure way may be slightly faster.
Nevertheless, I think the greater simplicity of the list
comprehension form means the list comprehension is still the best
way.
See Also
List comprehension docs in Language Reference
and Python in a Nutshell.
|


Identifying awk as a programming language scares some people away from it. If you are one of them, consider awk a different approach to problem solving, one in which you have a lot more control over what you want the computer to do.
Sed is easily seen as the flip side of interactive editing. A sed procedure corresponds closely enough to how you would apply the editing commands manually. Sed limits you to the methods you use in a text editor. Awk offers a more general computational model for processing a file.
A typical example of an awk program is one that transforms data into a formatted report. The data might be a log file generated by a UNIX program such as uucp, and the report might summarize the data in a format useful to a system administrator. Another example is a data processing application consisting of separate data entry and data retrieval programs. Data entry is the process of recording data in a structured way. Data retrieval is the process of extracting data from a file and generating a report.
The key to all of these operations is that the data has some kind of structure. Let us illustrate this with the analogy of a bureau. A bureau consists of multiple drawers, and each drawer has a certain set of contents: socks in one drawer, underwear in another, and sweaters in a third drawer. Sometimes drawers have compartments allowing different kinds of things to be stored together. These are all structures that determine where things go - when you are sorting the laundry - and where things can be found - when you are getting dressed. Awk allows you to use the structure of a text file in writing the procedures for putting things in and taking things out.
Thus, the benefits of awk are best realized when the data has some kind of structure. A text file can be loosely or tightly structured. A chapter containing major and minor sections has some structure. We'll look at a script that extracts section headings and numbers them to produce an outline. A table consisting of tab-separated items in columns might be considered very structured. You could use an awk script to reorder columns of data, or even change columns into rows and rows into columns.
Like sed scripts, awk scripts are typically invoked by means of a shell wrapper. This is a shell script that usually contains the command line that invokes awk as well as the script that awk interprets. Simple one-line awk scripts can be entered from the command line.
Some of the things awk allows you to do are:
View a text file as a textual database made up of records and fields.
Use variables to manipulate the database.
Use arithmetic and string operators.
Use common programming constructs such as loops and conditionals.
Generate formatted reports.
Define functions.
Execute UNIX commands from a script.
Process the result of UNIX commands.
Process command-line arguments more gracefully.
Work more easily with multiple input streams.
Because of these features, awk has the power and range that users might rely upon to do the kinds of tasks performed by shell scripts. In this book, you'll see examples of a menu-based command generator, an interactive spelling checker, and an index processing program, all of which use the features outlined above.
The capabilities of awk extend the idea of text editing into computation, making it possible to perform a variety of data processing tasks, including analysis, extraction, and reporting of data. These are, indeed, the most common uses of awk but there are also many unusual applications: awk has been used to write a Lisp interpreter and even a compiler!


A relational dependency network (RDN) [Neville and Jensen, 2003], [Neville and Jensen, 2004] is a graphical model that extends the concept of a dependency network [Heckerman, et al., 2000] for relational domains. RDNs approximate a joint probability distribution over the attributes of objects in a network with a set of conditional probability distributions. The RDN learning algorithm is based on pseudolikelihood techniques, which estimate a set of conditional probability distributions independently. This approach avoids the complexities of estimating a full joint distribution and can incorporate existing techniques for learning conditional probability distributions of relational data (e.g., RPTs). Gibbs sampling inference techniques are used to recover a full joint distribution and to estimate probabilities of interest.
The example below continues the task of classifying web pages. The web pages in the ProxWebKB database use the pagetype attribute to indicate a page’s type. We train a new RPT to use as the conditional probability distribution for the pagetype attribute in the RDN. The RDN uses this conditional probability distribution (i.e., this RPT) to collectively infer the value of the pagetype attribute for all of the core objects in the test set.
This section describes the script found in
$PROX_HOME/doc/user/tutorial/examples/run-1d-clusters-rdn.py
.
Import the necessary class definitions.
from kdl.prox.model2.common.sources import * from kdl.prox.model2.rpt import RPT from kdl.prox.model2.rdn RDN from kdl.prox.model2.rdn.modules.listeners import LoggingListener
Get the training and test sets. We use the same containers for the training and test sets as we did for the previous RBC and RPT examples.
trainContainer = prox.getContainer("1d-clusters/samples/0") testContainer = prox.getContainer("1d-clusters/samples/1")
Train an RPT that predicts the value of the pagetype attribute. For this RPT, we also consider the value of pagetype for related objects in predicting its value for the core object. Because we may not know the value of pagetype for the related objects during inference, the RDN uses the conditional probability distribution represented by the RPT in a Gibbs sampling procedure to collectively infer the value of pagetype for all core objects simultaneously.
See Exercise 7.2 for a more detailed description of the data structures used in the RPT portion of this script.
coreItemName = 'core_page' attrToPredict = 'pagetype' classLabel = AttributeSource(coreItemName, attrToPredict)
Define the set of sources to be used in learning the RPT.
inputSources = [ \ AttributeSource('core_page', 'url_server_info'), \ AttributeSource('core_page', 'url_hierarchy1b'), \ AttributeSource('linked_from_page', 'page_num_outlinks'), \ AttributeSource('linked_from_page', 'pagetype'), \ AttributeSource('linked_to_page', 'page_num_inlinks'), \ AttributeSource('linked_to_page', 'pagetype'), \ ItemSource('linked_from_page'), \ ItemSource('linked_to_page') ]
Begin the modeling portion of the script by instantiating the component RPT. Set the maximum tree depth to three.
print "Beginning modeling section" print "Instantiating component RPT..." rpt = RPT() rpt.learningModule.stoppingModule.setMaxDepth(3)
print "Learning component RPT..." rpt.learn(trainContainer, classLabel, inputSources)
Write the RPT to an XML file. The file is written to the current
working directory, which is
$PROX_HOME
if you are following the tutorial.
xmlFileName = 'ProxWebKB_RPTforRDN.xml' rpt.save(xmlFileName) print "RPT written to ", xmlFileName
Begin the RDN portion of the script by instantiating the RDN using the default constructor.
print "Instantiating RDN..." rdn = RDN()
Like the RPT code, Proximity’s RDN code has been modularized to permit easier maintenance and additions to the code. Use these modules to override the default values for the model’s parameters.
RDNs use Gibbs sampling
for inference. Use the statistics module to specify the parameters
for the Gibbs sampling. For this example, we skip the first 100
trials (burnIn
) before
beginning sampling and record every third trial.
A value of 2 means that we skip two trials between recordings.
rdn.statisticModule.setBurnInSteps = 100 rdn.statisticModule.setSkipSteps = 2
The example script stops after 200 iterations to limit execution time for the purposes of the this tutorial. Determining the appropriate number of Gibbs sampling iterations can require judgment and experience with this technique. Many more iterations will likely be needed in practice.
numIterations = 200
Finally, to help us trace script execution, we print a logging statement every 10 iterations.
rdn.addListener(LoggingListener(10))
Because the RPT has already been trained,
there is no separate training step in this script and we can apply the
RDN to the test container.
Each component RPT makes predictions about the subgraphs in the test
container. Applying the RDN returns a map of RPTs to Predictions
objects. In this example, we have a single component RPT.
print "Applying RDN..." predictionMap = rdn.apply({rpt: testContainer}, numIterations) rptPredictions = predictionMap.get(rpt)
As we saw in Exercise 7.2, we have to tell the RPT where to find the true values for the class labels.
rptPredictions.setTrueLabels(testContainer, classLabel)
Write the predictions to the database as attributes on the subgraphs in the training container. The RDN uses Gibbs sampling to jointly estimate the marginal probabilities for each of its component models (the single RPT in this case). The RDN then sets the predictions in each component model. Therefore, we write out the predictions from this component RPT rather than the RDN.
print "Writing predictions..." rdnAttrName = "rdn_pagetype_prediction" rptPredictions.savePredictions(testContainer.getSubgraphAttrs(), rdnAttrName)
print "Computing accuracy..." acc = (1 - rptPredictions.getZeroOneLoss())
To compute area under the ROC curve we need to know which pagetype value is considered to be a positive instance. A student page (a positive instance) has a value of “Student” for the pagetype attribute.
print "Computing area under ROC curve..." auc = rptPredictions.getAUC('Student')
Print a summary of evaluation results.
print "RDN results:" print " Accuracy: ", str(acc) print " Area under ROC curve (Student): ", str(auc)
Exercise 7.4. Learning and applying the relational dependency network model:
This script requires entities created in Exercise 6.4 and Exercise 7.2. You must have completed these exercises before running the script in the current exercise.
Before beginning, make sure that you are serving the ProxWebKB database using Mserver. Start the Proximity Database Browser if it is not already running.
If you have not already done so, copy
rpt2.dtd
to the same directory as that containing
the saved RPT XML file, ProxWebKB_RPT.xml
.
> cp $PROX_HOME/resources/rpt2.dtd $PROX_HOME
Proximity requires that the
DTD
file rpt2.dtd
be in the same directory as the RPT file to be read.
From the Script menu, choose Run Script. Proximity displays the Open dialog.
Navigate to the $PROX_HOME/doc/user/tutorial/examples
directory and
choose run-1d-clusters-rdn.py
.
Click Open.
Proximity opens a window to show you the output from the script
along with a trace of the script execution. The
run-1d-clusters-rdn.py
script may take many
minutes to run.
Your output should look similar to the following trace
(a portion of the trace as well as leading information showing elapsed
time and execution thread have been omitted from the trace for
brevity):
Status: starting running script: /proximity/doc/user/tutorial/examples/run-1d-clusters-rdn.py Beginning modeling section Instantiating model... Inducing model... INFO kdl.prox.model2.rpt.RPT - Creating feature tables INFO kdl.prox.model2.rpt.RPT - Done creating feature tables: 908 features. INFO kdl.prox.model2.rpt.modules.learning.DefaultLearningModule - Choosing split for 2068 subgs portion of trace deleted RPT written to ProxWebKB_RPTforRDN.xml Instantiating RDN... Applying RDN... INFO kdl.prox.model2.rdn.RDN - RDN Iteration: 0 INFO kdl.prox.model2.rdn.RDN - RDN Iteration: 10 INFO kdl.prox.model2.rdn.RDN - RDN Iteration: 20 portion of trace deleted INFO kdl.prox.model2.rdn.RDN - RDN Iteration: 190 INFO kdl.prox.model2.rdn.RDN - RDN Iteration: 200 Writing predictions... Computing accuracy... Computing area under ROC curve... RDN results: Accuracy: 0.8180938558297048 Area under ROC curve (Student): 0.8578509392814735 Status: finished running script
Note that some parts of the RPT model used in creating the RDN are non-deterministic, so your results may differ slightly from that shown above. You can close this window after the script finishes.
Examine the values predicted by the RDN. Drill down through the container hierarchy in the Proximity Database Browser to display the list of subgraphs for the /1d-clusters/samples/1 container. Click a subgraph ID, then click attrs to display the attributes for that subgraph. The example below shows the value for subgraph 0, which shows that the model predicts that the core page for this subgraph (object 1) has a pagetype of Other You can compare this to the actual value of pagetype by examining the attribute values for object 1.
Recall that the RDN only makes predictions for core objects in the test container. Therefore, after learning the model, only the subgraphs in the 1d-clusters/samples/1 container have a value for the rdn_pagetype_prediction attribute.


The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application layer protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems.[1] HTTP is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web, where hypertext documents include hyperlinks to other resources that the user can easily access, for example by a mouse click or by tapping the screen in a web browser. Development of HTTP was initiated by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN in 1989. Development of early HTTP Requests for Comments (RFCs) was a coordinated effort by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), with work later moving to the IETF.
HTTP functions as a request–response protocol in the client–server computing model. A web browser, for example, may be the client and an application running on a computer hosting a website may be the server. The client submits an HTTP request message to the server. The server, which provides resources such as HTML files and other content, or performs other functions on behalf of the client, returns a response message to the client. The response contains completion status information about the request and may also contain requested content in its message body. A web browser is an example of a user agent (UA). Other types of user agent include the indexing software used by search providers (web crawlers), voice browsers, mobile apps, and other software that accesses, consumes, or displays web content.
HTTP is designed to permit intermediate network elements to improve or enable communications between clients and servers. High-traffic websites often benefit from web cache servers that deliver content on behalf of upstream servers to improve response time. Web browsers cache previously accessed web resources and reuse them, when possible, to reduce network traffic. HTTP proxy servers at private network boundaries can facilitate communication for clients without a globally routable address, by relaying messages with external servers. HTTP is an application layer protocol designed within the framework of the Internet protocol suite. Its definition presumes an underlying and reliable transport layer protocol,[11] and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is commonly used. However, HTTP can be adapted to use unreliable protocols such as the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), for example in HTTPU and Simple Service Discovery Protocol (SSDP).


Adventure Maker
Make neat and organized RPG campaigns
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|
Ext.NET
5.3.0
.NET Component Framework for Enterprise Level Apps
|
Public Member Functions | |
| Builder (TTask component) | |
| virtual TBuilder | TaskID (string taskID) |
| (optional) The TaskID. More... | |
| virtual TBuilder | AutoRun (bool autoRun) |
| True to auto run task (defaults to false). More... | |
| virtual TBuilder | WaitPreviousRequest (bool waitPreviousRequest) |
| True to wait previous request. More... | |
| virtual TBuilder | Interval (int interval) |
| The frequency in milliseconds with which the task should be executed (defaults to 1000) More... | |
| virtual TBuilder | Args (string[] args) |
| (optional) An array of arguments to be passed to the function specified by run More... | |
| virtual TBuilder | Scope (string scope) |
| (optional) The scope in which to execute the run function. More... | |
| virtual TBuilder | Duration (int duration) |
| (optional) The length of time in milliseconds to execute the task before stopping automatically (defaults to indefinite). More... | |
| virtual TBuilder | Repeat (int repeat) |
| (optional) The number of times to execute the task before stopping automatically (defaults to indefinite). More... | |
| virtual TBuilder | OnStart (string onStart) |
| virtual TBuilder | OnStop (string onStop) |
| virtual TBuilder | Listeners (Action< TaskListeners > action) |
| Client-side JavaScript Event Handlers More... | |
| virtual TBuilder | DirectEvents (Action< TaskDirectEvents > action) |
| Server-side DirectEventHandlers More... | |
| Builder () | |
| Builder (Task component) | |
| Builder (Task.Config config) | |
| Public Member Functions inherited from Ext.Net.BaseItem.Builder< TTask, TBuilder > | |
| Builder (TItem item) | |
| virtual TItem | ToComponent () |
| Get the instance of the underlying StateManagedItem. More... | |
| virtual TBuilder | CustomConfig (Action< ConfigItemCollection > action) |
| Collection of custom js config More... | |
Static Public Member Functions | |
| static implicit | operator Builder (Task component) |
| Static Public Member Functions inherited from Ext.Net.BaseItem.Builder< TTask, TBuilder > | |
| static implicit | operator TItem (BaseItem.Builder< TItem, TBuilder > builder) |
| Implicit conversion of a TItem object directly into a TComponent. More... | |
Additional Inherited Members | |
| Protected Attributes inherited from Ext.Net.BaseItem.Builder< TTask, TBuilder > | |
| TItem | item |
|
inline |
|
inline |
|
inline |
|
inline |
|
inlinevirtual |
(optional) An array of arguments to be passed to the function specified by run
|
inlinevirtual |
True to auto run task (defaults to false).
|
inlinevirtual |
Server-side DirectEventHandlers
| action | The action delegate |
|
inlinevirtual |
(optional) The length of time in milliseconds to execute the task before stopping automatically (defaults to indefinite).
|
inlinevirtual |
The frequency in milliseconds with which the task should be executed (defaults to 1000)
|
inlinevirtual |
Client-side JavaScript Event Handlers
| action | The action delegate |
|
inlinevirtual |
|
inlinevirtual |
|
inlinestatic |
|
inlinevirtual |
(optional) The number of times to execute the task before stopping automatically (defaults to indefinite).
|
inlinevirtual |
(optional) The scope in which to execute the run function.
|
inlinevirtual |
(optional) The TaskID.
|
inlinevirtual |
True to wait previous request.


AgMin Meeting in Moree in December
by NewsroomAgriculture ministers from right across the country are set to descend on Moree for a special meeting of to discuss the ongoing drought, Minister for Agriculture and Member for Northern Tablelands Adam Marshall announced today.
The special AgMin Meeting has been called, at Mr Marshall's request, to provide an update on the crippling drought ravaging parts of NSW, Victoria and Queensland and will give the ministers an opportunity to see first-hand the impacts in NSW and discuss the ongoing response.
Mr Marshall said drought was truly a national issue and he wanted to see a more co-ordinated response from state and federal governments.
READ MORE: Farmers celebrate National Ag Day
"Drought is truly a national issue and it's critical that everyone, from all jurisdictions, band together to provide a co-ordinated approach to this pressing issue," Mr Marshall said.
"Farmers doing it tough on the ground really don't care about jurisdictional borders - they just want to see firm action to help see them through this terrible drought.
"Meeting in a forum like this will be an important step in getting on the same page and scoping innovative ideas like establishing a 'one-stop-shop' for drought assistance, removing duplication of programs and the need for farmers to continually deal with two sets of rules and bureaucracies.
"In my view, it simply doesn't make sense that a farmer wishing to access assistance would have to speak to numerous government agencies. They should be able to make one call and know up-front what's on the table for them in terms of support."
Mr Marshall said the meeting in Moree would also provide the agriculture ministers an opportunity to meet with local businesses, farmers and Moree Plains Shire Council and hear first-hand how drought is impacting people on the ground.
"Seeing is believing, so I think it's important that other ministers - including the federal Drought Minister - see just how tough things are here for farmers, businesses and communities in our region," Mr Marshall said.
"I'm really pleased that ministers agreed to travel to our part of the world for these critical discussions and to learn about the savage human toll this deep and lengthy dry is having on everyone who lives here.
"I'm incredibly proud of the state government's $1.8 billion drought assistance package but as always I think there's more than can be done. I look forward to discussing additional ways we can support our hard-working farmers and communities next month."
The AgMin meeting will take place in Moree on 10 December.
IN OTHER NEWS:


=== Programming Language 1 ===
-
Language: C
-
Intended Use:
Application, System, General Purpose, Low-Level Operations
-
Imperative:
Yes
-
Object-Oriented:
-
Functional:
-
Procedural:
Yes
-
Generic:
-
Reflective:
-
Event-Driven:
-
Standard:
ANSI, ISO
=== Programming Language 2 ===
-
Language: C++
-
Intended Use:
Application, System
-
Imperative:
Yes
-
Object-Oriented:
Yes
-
Functional:
Yes
-
Procedural:
Yes
-
Generic:
Yes
-
Reflective:
-
Event-Driven:
-
Standard:
ISO
=== Programming Language 3 ===
-
Language: C#
-
Intended Use:
Application, RAD, Business, Client-Side, Server-Side, Web, General
-
Imperative:
Yes
-
Object-Oriented:
Yes
-
Functional:
Yes
-
Procedural:
Yes
-
Generic:
Yes
-
Reflective:
Yes
-
Event-Driven:
Yes
-
Standard:
ISO, ECMA
=== Programming Language 4 ===
-
Language: Java
-
Intended Use:
Application, Business, Client-Side, Server-Side, Web, General
-
Imperative:
Yes
-
Object-Oriented:
Yes
-
Functional:
-
Procedural:
-
Generic:
Yes
-
Reflective:
Yes
-
Event-Driven:
-
Standard:
de facto
=== Programming Language 5 ===
-
Language: JavaScript
-
Intended Use:
Client-Side, Server-Side, Web
-
Imperative:
Yes
-
Object-Oriented:
Yes
-
Functional:
Yes
-
Procedural:
-
Generic:
-
Reflective:
Yes
-
Event-Driven:
-
Standard:
ECMA
=== Programming Language 6 ===
-
Language: PHP
-
Intended Use:
Server-Side, Web
-
Imperative:
Yes
-
Object-Oriented:
Yes
-
Functional:
-
Procedural:
Yes
-
Generic:
-
Reflective:
Yes
-
Event-Driven:
-
Standard:
No
=== Programming Language 7 ===
-
Language: Python
-
Intended Use:
Application, General, Web, Scripting, AI, General
-
Imperative:
Yes
-
Object-Oriented:
Yes
-
Functional:
Yes
-
Procedural:
-
Generic:
-
Reflective:
Yes
-
Event-Driven:
-
Standard:
No
=== Programming Language 8 ===
-
Language: ActionScript 3.0
-
Intended Use:
Application, Client-Side, Web
-
Imperative:
Yes
-
Object-Oriented:
Yes
-
Functional:
-
Procedural:
-
Generic:
-
Reflective:
-
Event-Driven:
Yes
-
Standard:
ECMA
=== Programming Language 9 ===
-
Language: Ada
-
Intended Use:
Application, System
-
Imperative:
Yes
-
Object-Oriented:
Yes
-
Functional:
-
Procedural:
Yes
-
Generic:
Yes
-
Reflective:
Yes
-
Event-Driven:
-
Standard:
ANSI, ISO, GOST
=== Programming Language 10 ===
-
Language: Basic
-
Intended Use:
Application
-
Imperative:
Yes
-
Object-Oriented:
-
Functional:
-
Procedural:
Yes
-
Generic:
-
Reflective:
-
Event-Driven:
-
Standard:
ANSI, ISO
A total of 10 programming languages


Major E-sports Titles
A website with complete Information about your favourite Esports :D.
Esports is a form of competition using video games. Esports often takes the form of organised, multiplayer video game competitions, particularly between professional players, individually or as teams.
Popular esport franchises include League of Legends, Dota, Counter-Strike, Valorant,Rainbow Six Siege
The tournament may be part of a larger gathering, such as Dreamhack, or the competition may be the entirety of the event. Esport competitions have also become a popular feature at gaming and multi-genre conventions Governing bodies
The International Esports Federation (IESF) was one of the first such bodies. The IESF has managed annual Esport World Championships for teams from its member countries across multiple games.
Famous Indian E-Sports Players
Upcoming Major E-Sports Events
The ESL Pro League is a Counter-Strike: Global Offensive professional esports league. It is based in Europe, the Americas, Asia, and Oceania, and currently comprises 24 teams each season.
VALORANT Champions Tour 2021 is the first official tournament circuit by Riot Games. The circuit was announced on November 24th.
The Six Major is a professional Rainbow Six Siege tournament hosted by Ubisoft, the game's developer and publisher. Located in various venues around the world, the tournament gathers the best teams from Regional Leagues and serves as an interregional final for each Regional League stage.
Copyright © 2021 Esports Website For WEB-0-CODE


Developers
What is this?
recruiter
List all contributors, stargazers and watchers of your repositories, filter them to see the ones that are not in your organization and start recruiting !


09 July 2015
In writing a blog post for this framework, there are a few important things to remember. First, let’s cover FRONT MATTER.
There are two fields that you need, the TITLE and the LAYOUT. Clearly, TITLE is the title of your blog post and LAYOUT is a bit more complicated, but for now, we will use post. Here is an example:
---
title: Title of Blog Post
layout: post
---
Content goes here!
Remember, three hyphens must be displayed at the line before and after this front matter. If you have ever written a file in Rmarkdown, then you are already familiar with this. Also, one should note that if special characters are being used in the front matter, then the phrase must be encased in quotes (for example, a colon or an ampersand are special characters).
Lastly, when saving the files, they are formatted as such:
YYYY-MM-DD-[POST SLUG].FORMAT
We see the date followed by the post-slug, which refers to a URL-friendly format for the post’s name. So, take this post for example. It was written on July 9th, 2015 followed by the name “test-post”. Dashes separate the dates and the words. Thus, we have the following:
2015-07-09-test-post.html
In the site’s directory, you’ll store future posts in the _posts
folder.


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Goodbyes are hard, reach me below if you want to connect.
Montréal, QC Canada
vaansh.lakhwara@mail.concordia.ca


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Javascript
Node.js
Express.js
NodeJS Mandatory 1
This page contains my notes on what I have learned so far in this course.
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Ocean [am06], ocean, in The Outer Sea
Last updated Turn #120
Ocean [am06], ocean, in The Outer Sea
------------------------------------------------------------------------
26: The Savvy Aardvark [ha5r], ship, 2 hulls, 1 rowing port, 6 sails,
26: 11% damaged, arrived from Ocean [am07], owner:
26: Phantasm [n4b], Imperial Empire, marquess, with two workers,
26: eight sailors
27: The Savvy Aardvark [ha5r], ship, 2 hulls, 1 rowing port, 6 sails,
27: 11% damaged, departed for Ocean [am05].
Routes leaving Ocean:
North, to Ocean [al06], 6 days
East, to Ocean [am07], 5 days
South, to Ocean [an06], 6 days
West, to Ocean [am05], 5 days


**Note: The application has been changed slightly. When opening the list of calendars and clicking on the button, the selected calendar will open in a new tab.


This package implements the recommendation version of W3C XML Schema Part 2 datatypes. The latest version of the spec is here.
Application developers should understand the usage of
the following classes:
com.sun.msv.datatype.xsd.DatatypeFactory
,
com.sun.msv.datatype.xsd.XSDatatype
,
org.relaxng.datatype.Datatype
, and
org.relaxng.datatype.ValidationContext
.
Other classes are implementations of those types and therefore not important in most cases.
The current release has several limitations. See readme.txt for details.
createJavaObject
method
The following W3C XML Schema types return java.lang.String
, with no loss of accuracy.
The "language" type also returns java.lang.String
, but it always returns a string in all lower-case.
The "anyURI" type returns java.lang.String
too. It doesn't perform any escaping. So
"%20" as a value of the "anyURI" type results in "%20", not " ".
For other types:
| XSD type | Java type |
| string | java.lang.String(*5) |
| ENTITY | |
| normalizedString | |
| token | |
| NMTOKEN | |
| Name | |
| NCName | |
| NOTATION | |
| anyURI (*3) | |
| language (*4) | |
| boolean | java.lang.Boolean |
| number | java.math.BigDecimal |
| float | java.lang.Float |
| double | java.lang.Double |
| integer |
a derived class of java.lang.Number |
| negativeInteger | |
| positiveInteger | |
| nonNegativeInteger | |
| nonPositiveInteger | |
| unsignedLong | |
| unsignedInt | |
| unsignedShort | |
| unsignedByte | |
| long | |
| int | |
| short | |
| byte | |
| QName | java.lang.String[2](*1) |
| base64Binary | byte[] |
| hexBinary | |
| dateTime | java.util.Calendar(*2) |
| date | |
| time | |
| gYear | |
| gYearMonth | |
| gMonth | |
| gMonthDay | |
| gDay |
For types derived by list, the createJavaObject method returns java.lang.Object[]
that contains Java values of the item type.
For types derived by restriction, the method returns the same type as the base type.
For types derived by union, the method returns Java values of one of the member types.
The createJavaObject method currently returns meaningless types for "duration" datatype.
MILLISECOND
field of the returned Calendar object
is not set. This field is set only when the XML representation contains
fractional seconds (e.g., "01:02:03.5").


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Rafiu, Hammed A.
Computer Enthusiast
Computer Programmer
Mobile Application Engineer
Graphic Designer


I have a window which I only use to display an image on screen (something like a splash screen) and I want to make it draggable and when it's clicked to get the coordinates where it was clicked.
It's probably simple, but I didn't do this before and couldn't find the answer googling. I believe I would get the message in WindowProc calback function, but not sure how to handle it?


Settings Not Saved
Open the settings for Medal Overlay, Configure, and Save the settings.
No API Key found or load!
Right click on the script in ChatBot and select Insert API Key
Medal Username not set.
Please set Medal -> Medal Username
in the script settings.
Medal Video Path not set or doesn't exist.
Please set Medal -> Medal Video Path
in the script settings.
Medal HotKey not set or doesn't exist.
Please set Medal -> Medal HotKey
in the script settings.


Grimlock is a wild card among the Autobots. Huge and powerful, he's also headstrong and reckless. He transforms into a Tyrannosaurus rex, a powerful form that's essentially a wrecking ball on two legs. It’s not the subtlest alternate mode around, but Grimlock isn't one for subtlety.


public interface
IndexDeletionPolicy
Expert: policy for deletion of stale
index commits
.
Implement this interface, and pass it to one
of the
IndexWriter
or
IndexReader
constructors, to customize when older
point-in-time commits
are deleted from the index directory. The default deletion policy
is
KeepOnlyLastCommitDeletionPolicy
, which always
removes old commits as soon as a new commit is done (this
matches the behavior before 2.2).
One expected use case for this (and the reason why it
was first created) is to work around problems with an
index directory accessed via filesystems like NFS because
NFS does not provide the "delete on last close" semantics
that Lucene's "point in time" search normally relies on.
By implementing a custom deletion policy, such as "a
commit is only removed once it has been stale for more
than X minutes", you can give your readers time to
refresh to the new commit before
IndexWriter
removes the old commits. Note that doing so will
increase the storage requirements of the index. See
LUCENE-710
for details.
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
void
|
onCommit
(
List
extends
IndexCommit
> commits)
This is called each time the writer completed a commit.
|
void
|
onInit
(
List
extends
IndexCommit
> commits)
This is called once when a writer is first
instantiated to give the policy a chance to remove old
commit points.
|
void onInit( List extends IndexCommit > commits) throws IOException
This is called once when a writer is first instantiated to give the policy a chance to remove old commit points.
The writer locates all index commits present in the
index directory and calls this method. The policy may
choose to delete some of the commit points, doing so by
calling method
delete()
of
IndexCommit
.
Note: the last CommitPoint is the most recent one, i.e. the "front index state". Be careful not to delete it, unless you know for sure what you are doing, and unless you can afford to lose the index content while doing that.
commits
- List of current
point-in-time commits
,
sorted by age (the 0th one is the oldest commit).
IOException
void onCommit( List extends IndexCommit > commits) throws IOException
This is called each time the writer completed a commit. This gives the policy a chance to remove old commit points with each commit.
The policy may now choose to delete old commit points
by calling method
delete()
of
IndexCommit
.
This method is only called when
IndexWriter.commit()
or
IndexWriter.close()
is
called, or possibly not at all if the
IndexWriter.rollback()
is called.
Note: the last CommitPoint is the most recent one, i.e. the "front index state". Be careful not to delete it, unless you know for sure what you are doing, and unless you can afford to lose the index content while doing that.
commits
- List of
IndexCommit
,
sorted by age (the 0th one is the oldest commit).
IOException


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Select Customers to Associate
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