Provides the analysis of variance table including the expected mean squares (EMS) for various types of experimental design. When some variables are random effects or we use special experimental design such as nested design, repeated-measures design, or split-plot design, it is not easy to find the appropriate test, especially denominator for F-statistic which depends on EMS.
| Version: | 2.3 |
| Imports: | shiny, graphics |
| Published: | 2018-05-09 |
| Author: | Eun-Kyung Lee, Hye-Min Choe |
| Maintainer: | Eun-Kyung Lee <lee.eunk at gmail.com> |
| License: | GPL-2 | GPL-3 [expanded from: GPL (≥ 2)] |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| CRAN checks: | EMSaov results |
| Reference manual: | EMSaov.pdf |
| Package source: | EMSaov_2.3.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: EMSaov_2.3.zip, r-release: EMSaov_2.3.zip, r-oldrel: EMSaov_2.3.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: EMSaov_2.3.tgz, r-oldrel: EMSaov_2.3.tgz |
| Old sources: | EMSaov archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=EMSaov to link to this page.


|
Ultimate Football League
|
Public Attributes | |
| char | name [50] |
| char | nation [50] |
| int | ranking =0 |
| int | points =0 |
| int | goals =0 |
| int | score =0 |
| int | point1 =0 |
Structure of the object
| int football::goals =0 |
Goals of the Club
| char football::name[50] |
Name of the Club
| char football::nation[50] |
Nationality of the Club
| int football::point1 =0 |
Points of the Club
| int football::points =0 |
Points of the Club
| int football::ranking =0 |
Ranking of the Club
| int football::score =0 |
Score of the Club


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Guidance
Information on area cost uplifts and disadvantage uplift factors that apply to individual postcodes and lower layer super output areas (LLSOAs).
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This data is used in funding calculations by both the Skills Funding Agency (SFA) and the Education Funding Agency (EFA) to support publicly funded education and skills in England.
The area cost uplift reflects the higher cost of delivering provision in some parts of the country, such as London and the south east.
The large employer file is used to apply the large employer discount in the funding calculation by providing a list of workplace location identifiers which can be matched to the ILR to identify the record to which the discount applies.
The large employer discount up to and including 2015 to 2016 has been based on whether the employer is a large employer for the current year. From 2016 to 2017 the status of the employer as a large employer will be determined from the start date of the aim.
This means for example if the aim was started in the academic year 2015 to 2016 the value in the 2015 to 2016 large employer file would be used, conversely if another aim started in the academic year 2016 to 2017 the value in the 2016 to 2017 large employer file would be used.
This is an uplift for learners living in the most disadvantaged areas of the country.
We have based these on the Index of Multiple Deprivation 2010 up to and including 2015 to 2016. From 2016 to 2017 it is based on the Index of Multiple Deprivation 2015.
The uplifts are calculated depending upon which Lower Layer Super Output Area (LLSOA) the postcode is in. For learners who started before 1 August 2016, the SFA’s funding calculation will continue to use the factors which applied at the end of the 2015 to 2016 funding year.
For learners who started on or after 1 August 2016 in the 2016 to 2017 funding year, the factors in the 2016 to 2017 tables will apply.
An additional column was added in January 2017 to support the apprenticeship funding calculations for starts from 1 May 2017. More information can be found within the Apprenticeship Funding Technical Guidance .
The LLSOA file (above) shows the disadvantage uplifts that apply to lower layer super output areas. Super output areas are a set of geographical areas developed following the 2001 census with the aim of defining areas of consistent size whose boundaries would not change between censuses.
Postcodes may change their assigned Lower Layer Super Output Area (LLSOA) during the course of the year due to boundary changes. Uplift factors have been frozen based on a postcode’s LLSOA at the start of the academic year and this can result in some postcodes within a LLSOA having a different rate to the one published in the LLSOA Uplift factors table.
We use LLSOA values based on the 2011 census for analysis and reporting. Up to 2015 to 2016 we have used the 2010 Index of Multiple Deprivation which uses the 2001 LLSOAs as the underlying mapping between postcodes and LLSOAs. Therefore the disadvantage uplift factors to calculate funding are produced using the same mapping.
From 2016 to 2017 onwards we are using an updated version of Index of Multiple Deprivation by the Office for National Statistics which is the 2015 Index of Multiple Deprivation. This uses the 2011 LLSOA values and this has been used to generate the funding factors for 2016 to 2017.
You can find more information on the SFA funding system and uplift factors in our Funding Rules and ILR documents.
Published: 30 April 2014
Updated: 1 February 2017
From: Skills Funding Agency
Part of: Further education and training


class AdminUserRole
HealthCareAbroad\UserBundle\Entity\AdminUserRole
Constants
| STATUS_BUILT_IN_ROLE |
Roles that are built-in to the system and can only be assigned to user types by directly editing in db |
| STATUS_ACTIVE |
Active roles that can be assigned to a user type |
| STATUS_INACTIVE |
Inactive user roles and cannot be assigned to a user type |
Methods
| __construct() | ||
| integer |
getId()
Get id |
|
| AdminUserRole |
setName(string $name)
Set name |
|
| string |
getName()
Get name |
|
| AdminUserRole |
setBitMask(integer $bitMask)
Set bitMask |
|
| integer |
getBitMask()
Get bitMask |
|
| AdminUserRole |
setStatus(boolean $status)
Set status |
|
| boolean |
getStatus()
Get status |
|
| AdminUserRole |
addAdminUserType(AdminUserType $adminUserTypes)
Add adminUserTypes |
|
|
removeAdminUserType(AdminUserType $adminUserTypes)
Remove adminUserTypes |
||
| Collection |
getAdminUserTypes()
Get adminUserTypes |
|
| AdminUserRole |
setLabel(string $label)
Set label |
|
| string |
getLabel()
Get label |
Details
at line 52
public
__construct()
at line 62
public integer
getId()
Get id
at line 73
public AdminUserRole
setName(string $name)
Set name
at line 84
public string
getName()
Get name
at line 95
public AdminUserRole
setBitMask(integer $bitMask)
Set bitMask
at line 106
public integer
getBitMask()
Get bitMask
at line 117
public AdminUserRole
setStatus(boolean $status)
Set status
at line 128
public boolean
getStatus()
Get status
at line 139
public AdminUserRole
addAdminUserType(AdminUserType $adminUserTypes)
Add adminUserTypes
at line 150
public
removeAdminUserType(AdminUserType $adminUserTypes)
Remove adminUserTypes
at line 160
public Collection
getAdminUserTypes()
Get adminUserTypes
at line 176
public AdminUserRole
setLabel(string $label)
Set label
at line 187
public string
getLabel()
Get label


Welcome to the New Centennial Mall
Subhead welcoming people to the website
About
Map
Experience
Donate


An n-dimensional array. This class abstracts away the concept of an n-dimensional array, it should be easy to create an array of type T on N dimensions. This is useful as it often ends up being the case that many integer sampling lattices can be broken down into interleaved Cartesian grids. At the end of the day, this implementation flattens the representation down onto dense linear memory.
More...
#include <array.hpp>
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typedef T | value_type |
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typedef Allocator::reference | reference |
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typedef Allocator::const_reference | const_reference |
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typedef Allocator::size_type | size_type |
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typedef Allocator::difference_type | difference_type |
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typedef Allocator::pointer | iterator |
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typedef Allocator::const_pointer | const_iterator |
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typedef Allocator | allocator_type |
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allocator_type | get_allocator () const |
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| array_n (const Allocator &a=Allocator()) |
| | Default constructor. Default constructor, allocates nothing.
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| array_n (const Allocator &a, unsigned int d0,...) |
| | N-dim constructor. Allocates an array with N dimensions with maximum dimensions given by the parameters.
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| array_n (unsigned int d0,...) |
| | N-dim constructor. Allocates an array with N dimensions with maximum dimensions given by the parameters.
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| array_n (const array_n &obj) |
| | Copy constructor.
|
| |
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| ~array_n () |
| | Destructor Frees all memory used by this array.
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array_n & | operator= (const array_n &obj) |
| |
| unsigned int | linear_index (unsigned int d0,...) const |
| |
| unsigned int | linear_index (unsigned int d0, va_list vl) const |
| |
| unsigned int | linear_index (unsigned int *idx) const |
| |
| T & | operator() (unsigned int d0,...) |
| |
| const T & | operator() (unsigned int d0,...) const |
| |
| T & | operator() (unsigned int *d) |
| |
| const T & | operator() (unsigned int *d) const |
| |
|
const bool | has_value (unsigned int d0,...) const |
| | Returns whether an index has a value For a multidimensional index, this returns whether or not that index has a value. The value at that index will always be readable, use this to know whether or not it's a true value, or an automatically generated value.
|
| |
|
const bool | has_value (unsigned int *d) const |
| | Returns whether an index has a value For a multidimensional index, this returns whether or not that index has a value. The value at that index will always be readable, use this to know whether or not it's a true value, or an automatically generated value.
|
| |
|
bool | dump_to_stream (std::ofstream &stream) const |
| | Dumps this array to a file stream at its current index.
|
| |
|
bool | read_from_stream (std::ifstream &stream) |
| | Reads data from a filestream.
|
| |
template<class T, int N, class Allocator = std::allocator<T>>
class sisl::array_n< T, N, Allocator >
An n-dimensional array. This class abstracts away the concept of an n-dimensional array, it should be easy to create an array of type T on N dimensions. This is useful as it often ends up being the case that many integer sampling lattices can be broken down into interleaved Cartesian grids. At the end of the day, this implementation flattens the representation down onto dense linear memory.
However, if your data are sparse, you may benefit from the sparse array class in sparse_array.hpp
◆ linear_index() [1/3]
template<class T, int N, class Allocator = std::allocator<T>>
| unsigned int sisl::array_n< T, N, Allocator >::linear_index |
( |
unsigned int |
d0, |
|
|
|
... |
|
) |
| const |
|
inline |
/brief Returns a unique index for this index. This returns a unique index for a point index, this should generally be an index between 0 and max_dim_1*max_dim_2*...*max_dim_N - 1.
◆ linear_index() [2/3]
template<class T, int N, class Allocator = std::allocator<T>>
| unsigned int sisl::array_n< T, N, Allocator >::linear_index |
( |
unsigned int |
d0, |
|
|
va_list |
vl |
|
) |
| const |
|
inline |
/brief Returns a unique index for this index. This returns a unique index for a point index, this should generally be an index between 0 and max_dim_1*max_dim_2*...*max_dim_N - 1.
◆ linear_index() [3/3]
template<class T, int N, class Allocator = std::allocator<T>>
| unsigned int sisl::array_n< T, N, Allocator >::linear_index |
( |
unsigned int * |
idx | ) |
const |
|
inline |
/brief Returns a unique index for this index. This returns a unique index for a point index, this should generally be an index between 0 and max_dim_1*max_dim_2*...*max_dim_N - 1.
◆ operator()() [1/4]
template<class T, int N, class Allocator = std::allocator<T>>
| T& sisl::array_n< T, N, Allocator >::operator() |
( |
unsigned int |
d0, |
|
|
|
... |
|
) |
| |
|
inline |
/brief Accessor functions. Access a value in the array, returns a reference so it is possible to write to indices via this overload.
◆ operator()() [2/4]
template<class T, int N, class Allocator = std::allocator<T>>
| const T& sisl::array_n< T, N, Allocator >::operator() |
( |
unsigned int |
d0, |
|
|
|
... |
|
) |
| const |
|
inline |
/brief Accessor functions. Access a value in the array, returns a reference so it is possible to write to indices via this overload.
◆ operator()() [3/4]
template<class T, int N, class Allocator = std::allocator<T>>
| T& sisl::array_n< T, N, Allocator >::operator() |
( |
unsigned int * |
d | ) |
|
|
inline |
/brief Accessor functions. Access a value in the array, returns a reference so it is possible to write to indices via this overload.
◆ operator()() [4/4]
template<class T, int N, class Allocator = std::allocator<T>>
| const T& sisl::array_n< T, N, Allocator >::operator() |
( |
unsigned int * |
d | ) |
const |
|
inline |
/brief Accessor functions. Access a value in the array, returns a reference so it is possible to write to indices via this overload.
The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:
- /Users/joshuahoracsek/Projects/sisl_redux/include/sisl/memory/array.hpp


The Graphic Design department of the Royal Academy of Art, The Hague, educates its students to become versatile practitioners and critical thinkers. The thesis is a major part of this curriculum: it functions as the theoretical preparation for the graduation project.
The class of 2015 are the first to create a version of their thesis designed for screen. Read more about the process of developing the online theses at Life After the Template. Find out more about the graduation projects at the end exam website ‘While you were sleeping’.
Colophon
- Course direction
- Roosje Klap
- Niels Schrader
- Thesis Supervision
- Marjan Brandsma
- Eric Schrijver
- Dirk Vis
The Value Of Form
Alyar Aynetchi
Graphic design has emerged throughout history as an artistic and communicative discipline which has evolved through the practice and development of visual form. However, the current state of graphic design discourse reflects a profession which largely values the creation of content over shaping content. The Value Of Form therefore focuses on stimulating a discussion on why both are equally important. Furthermore, The Value Of Form focuses on several case studies between practice, production tools, and the greater social context. Continue reading…
read between these lines
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This thesis is conceptualised from the viewpoint of a graphic designer. It explores the specific method of text (typography) as image to the reader. The reader constitutes anyone in and (more importantly) outside the visual communication sphere and how these interpretations can possibly lead to the formation of new perspectives. Continue reading…
The Power of Fascination
Nina Couvert
From the analysis of graphic tools and aesthetics that the Islamic State has been using for its propaganda, this investigation slowly moves to a reflection upon the western visual landscape and particularly upon the role and responsibility of the ones that design it. Continue reading…
The Impossible Objective / The Unavoidable Subjective
Inês da Costa
To what extent can one argue that objectivity enhances how a message is received? In order to decipher the meaning of objectivity within the realm of Visual Communication, this thesis cross-examines a number of established methodologies, with the overall aim of exploring answers to the following question, what is the effect and meaning of objectivity (and subjectivity) within the realm of Visual Communication? Continue reading…
The most important side issue in the world - Football as a ritual
Menno de Bruijn
What causes a sport where 22 grown men chasing a ball to become a massive collective spectacle, at a time where individualism leads the dance? On the basis of the functional approach of rituals of Durkheim, I answer the question: What makes the international football events occur as a ritual for the massively participating supporters and how does this manifests itself? It will become clear that the experience goes beyond the actual topic of football. It's a festive phenomenon that seems empty and without consequences and it will not change your life drastically, though it will blur boundaries, eliminate discrepancies, unite societies, often expressed through a uniform look. Behind that sameness is a need that society barely provide us. Continue reading…
The happy miserable man who was a woman that found the meaning of life when they realised that it was impossible to find
Julian Doove
In my thesis I tried to question whether a meaningful life is actually better than my experience of the world. I went on a paradoxical journey to see if I could become happy from being sad. Continue reading…
The fight for the public opinion, The persuasiveness of visual communication.
Rosa Douma
The intention of my thesis was to bring light to the phenomenon of visual literacy, so that designers, visual artists or anyone working with images may use a model of reference that differentiates laws where they exist, and identifies where there are no laws. In the end I tried to find out how designers could use this knowledge to improve the persuasiveness of their work. Continue reading…
Unconditional Design
Sanne Groenendaal
This is where you can put a short description of the page. Google will sometimes display this, and Facebook uses it to display in a link preview.We can weaken our conditionings, but never break with them. Through examples of art and design I discovered that design and life are not so different. They both emerge from a set of rules. We need conditions as a basis to create. Continue reading…
Types met karakter, letterontwerp als vorm van visuele expressie
Tomas Laar
Type design as a form of visual expression. Type is something that we are confronted with every day. The written word is everywhere and opens the world for us. Typography is a servant to help us communicate content embracing a vast range of topics. However, the visual details of type have an impact far beyond the content of the text. The aesthetic qualities of a typeface can be achieved by a harmonious relationship between form, content and purpose. Type design is a very specialized discipline, that focuses on designing type. The design of a typeface could be defined as being a thorough search for the right form in order to transmit textual but also visual messages. Continue reading…
Zwemmen in de vijver van echo, spartelen op het droge.
Max Lennarts
Scriptie over narcisme in een bepaalde ruimte.Een plek waar we ons zelfbeeld kunnen boetseren en kneden tot in de perfectie. Tegelijkertijd herinnert deze plek er ons aan dat we niet zo zijn. Continue reading…
Today’s Media Art in the light of Kandinsky’s theory of interactivity
Viktorija Liaudanskaite
Kandinsky questioned presence of interaction between work of art and the viewer already in the beginning of the twentieth century. Therefore, he analyses the point and the line and their relation with the plane. The goal of Kandinsky’s theory was “to find the living [and] to make its pulsation perceptible”. He tries to engage the sight, emotion and mind of the public. Kandinsky explores possibilities of creating a dialog between the viewer and the artwork. Arjen Mulder states that Kandinsky provided us a model for media art. Therefore the question arises: how can today’s media art be seen in the light of Kandinsky’s theory of interactivity? Continue reading…
Point of View
Rene Louter
Hoe kunnen filmtechnieken de kijkers' perceptie van de muziek in een videoclip versterken? De scriptie is een onderzoek naar het maken van opnames met verschillende camera's gelijktijdig. Het maken van opstellingen van deze camera's en het maken camerabewegingen. Continue reading…
Figurative Language - A system of signs as a new alphabet for computer and smartphones users
Monika Mickutė
We cannot deny that internet and new media have the biggest influence on our language and in communication behaviour. On the other hand, society is one of the biggest influences on the shape of our language. Nowadays, we are creating a new “figurative language” as a system of symbols to communicate. With a new symbol language we are able to express emotions, tell a story and give navigation to users. This information confirms that semiotic science is important to the design process, because that is what creates the patterns of communication. They build a link between all disciplines and interests in the problem of meaning and communication. Continue reading…
Het theater in ons hoofd
Ilse Modder
It looks easy to move through the world and the things we want to accomplish. We use our body to learn something about the world, but in the background it is the brain that works hard to give us that comfortable feeling. Continue reading…
De echte Barbaar
Wilco Monen
Two persons can do the same act and one can be considered a hero, while the other can be seen as a barbarian. My interests lay in the topic of good and evil and when do you become which one? This is all depending on the position of the spectator and has a lot to do with the media. One of the means and channels of general communication, information, or entertainment in society, as newspapers, radio, television, contain bad guys or start with a evil scene. How does it come that in the news there are more barbarians than heroâs? Continue reading…
The Rise of the Next Human
Sepus Noordmans
The Rise of the Next Human is an explorative thesis about the technological developments within the field of robotics and artificial intelligence. These developments are already amongst us, and are continuously progressing. A big part of the modern society has a collective dread for intelligent machines, drawn from what is seen in popular culture. Most novels, films or games envision a negative perspective upon this development. This thesis questions if design could help in reducing the fear for autonomous robotics, and how we should design these entities for us to accept it in our future society. It attempts to emphasize the importance of graphic design in the development of intelligent robots. A technology that is inevitable. Continue reading…
iMPERFECTION
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mY tHESIS iS a rESEARCH oN IMPERFECTION, iTS nATURAL hABIT aND tHE aPPEARANCE tHROUGHOUT tHE fIELD oF gRAPHIC dESIGN. tHE tOPIC fOR mY tHESIS 'iMPERFECTION' wAS iNSPIRED bY mY oWN liFE jOURNEY. Continue reading…
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Beauty in unexpected forms
Irene Salo
An investigation into Japanese traditional aesthetic concepts and their influence on contemporary Japanese design. These values are deeply integrated into every aspect of Japanese daily life and simplicity is seen as the ultimate sophistication. It can be argued that these values are the opposite of most Western aesthetic values, where empty space is being filled with material needs. ‘Ma’ proposes the positive qualities of a negative space and void. ‘Wabi-sabi’ is the art of finding beauty in imperfections and greatness in nature. Their true values lie in the mundane, inconspicuous and desolate matters. Continue reading…
Science Fiction's Influence on the Modern Interface
Edgar Savisaar
My thesis looks at science fiction vocabulary and visuals to see where designers have stood in the spectrum of imagining the act of interfacing and how seemingly impossible interactions have been transformed to visual realities. Continue reading…
ROK ON!
Marinus Schepen
ROK ON! is looking at the cultural development in South Korea and is based around the research question “What is typical about the Korean (visual) popular culture from 1960 onward?”. Continue reading…
Dear Data–Diary,
Machteld Stoop
Social media has changed the present format of gathering data, times have changed and with that, a lot of data are visible on the internet. Internet feels like a second life for a lot of people, this is because we put up an image that is different then what we are. But, the computer windows have no curtains that grant us the private space that we need. Continue reading…
Het Digitale Haardvuur
Janine Terlouw
We keep staring into our digital fire. We visit it one or more times a day and often look at the same images. What is so exciting about the fire? Why do we continue to look at the fire? And why constantly triggered to look back to the fire? I'm curious about the world of smartphones, social media and manipulation. Continue reading…
Experimenteren met oude gewoontes
Sandra Timmerman
The technology is so interwoven into our lives, we can’t imagine a life without it. It is clear that artists and (graphic) designers are influenced by the technological progress of today. They get inspired by it and some try to combine this new adventures of technology with the old ones in a artisan way. A new meaning of craftsmanship is evolving. But this is today. What about the future? Are crafts changing so much because of the technological revolution or do they, in some way, remain the same? Is it possible that working with your hands, like we know today is going extinct? Is the definition of craftsmanship changing into something that derives from machines? Is a machine the new handmade? Continue reading…
Digital Afterlife
Ditmar van Dam
This thesis provides an examination of both ancient and current views on life and death, life after death, DNA as the code of life and finally our current understanding of consciousness. Furthermore, these chapters are then placed into a personal context. Altogether, they point the way to my personal answer to the research question: “To what extent can we continue to exist in a reality in which we are more than a memory?” Continue reading…
Ontworpen microben
Eline van der Ploeg
How valuable and influential can designers be in the complex area of biotechnology where they work with micro-organisms? Continue reading…
The Child of Ignorance
Donna van West
The guy right next to me was wearing a cap backwards, had long greasy blond hair and a rather confused appearance. He looked quite annoyed by my whispering, because he was studying. I was amazed by the fact that he, someone that looked like that, was so serious and bothered by me. Continue reading…
On aesthetics
Fedor Velyaminov
Thesis mainly researches a notion of objectivity of aesthetics in art of today and whether it is possible to define art and design to be objective at all. Continue reading…


org.restlet.data
クラス ClientInfo
java.lang.Object
org.restlet.data.ClientInfo
public final class ClientInfo
- extends java.lang.Object
Client specific data related to a call. When extracted from a request, most
of these data are directly taken from the underlying headers. There are some
exceptions: agentAttributes and mainAgentProduct which are taken from the
agent name (for example the "user-agent" header for HTTP requests).
As described by the HTTP specification, the "user-agent" can be seen as a
ordered list of products name (ie a name and a version) and/or comments.
Each HTTP client (mainly browsers and web crawlers) defines its own
"user-agent" header which can be seen as the "signature" of the client.
Unfortunately, there is no rule to identify clearly a kind a client and its
version (let's say Firefox 2.x, Internet Explorer IE 7.0, Opera, etc)
according to its signature. Each signature follow its own rules which may
vary according to the version of the client.
In order to help retrieving interesting data such as product name (Firefox,
IE, etc), version, operating system, Restlet users has the ability to define
their own way to extract data from the "user-agent" header. It is based on a
list of templates declared in a file called "agent.properties" and located in
the classpath in the sub directory "org/restlet/data". Each template
describes a typical user-agent string and allows to use predefined variables
that help to retrieve the content of the agent name, version, operating
system.
The "user-agent" string is confronted to the each template from the beginning
of the property file to the end. The loop stops at the first matched
template.
Here is a sample of such template:
#Firefox for Windows
Mozilla/{mozillaVersion} (Windows; U; {agentOs}; {osData}; rv:{releaseVersion}) Gecko/{geckoReleaseDate} {agentName}/{agentVersion}
This template matches the "user-agent" string of the Firefox client for
windows:
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1) Gecko/20060918 Firefox/2.0
At this time, six predefined variables are used:
| Name |
Description |
| agentName |
Name of the user agent (i.e.: Firefox) |
| agentVersion |
Version of the user agent |
| agentOs |
Operating system of the user agent |
| agentComment |
Comment string, that is to say a sequence of characters enclosed "(", or
")" |
| commentAttribute |
A sequence of characters enclosed by ";", "(", or ")" |
| facultativeData |
A sequence of characters that can be empty |
These variables are used to generate a Product
instance with the main
data (name, version, comment). This instance is accessible via the
ClientInfo#getMainAgentProduct()
method. All other variables used in
the template aims at catching a sequence of characters and are accessible via
the ClientInfo#getAgentAttributes()
method.
- 作成者:
- Jerome Louvel
| クラス java.lang.Object から継承されたメソッド |
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait |
ClientInfo
public ClientInfo()
- Constructor.
getUser
public User getUser()
- Returns the authenticated user.
- 戻り値:
- The authenticated user.
setUser
public void setUser(User user)
- Sets the authenticated user.
- パラメータ:
user
- The authenticated user.


Password is
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This is a simulation of bird flocking.
Birds follow three rules when flocking:
The birds are colored by the direction they're facing, to distinguish groups.
Play around with the parameters and control the red bird with your mouse. Happy flocking!
Based on this paper: Flocks, Herds, and Schools: A Distributed Behavioral Model


This is the complete list of members for tesseract::LMConsistencyInfo, including all inherited members.


§16-27 Number of blank and questionable ballots; record of. In addition to the count of the valid ballots, the precinct officials shall, as to each separate official ballot, also determine and record the number of totally blank ballots and the number of questionable ballots. [L 1970, c 26, pt of §2; am L 1973, c 217, §6(e)]


First Steps
ORBITM can be launched simply by running the Python file orbitm.py in the main directory (equivalent to the directory on the master branch on ORBITM’s GitHub). You should see a GUI that looks like the one below, pop up:
As a first step, you can simply load the default input parameters by clicking “Load Config”. The parameters are actually saved in the config.txt file. Configuration parameters should be loaded through the GUI, and not manually updated through the config.txt file since then the software can’t check for string formatting errors (e.g. a negative drag coefficient that was typed into the config file manually and by accident would crash the program).
Warning
An orbit eccentricity of exactly zero is not allowed, to prevent potential divide-by-zero issues during calculations. For near-perfectly circular orbits, set an arbitrarily small eccentricity number (e.g., 0.00001).
Second, you can choose which lifetime and maintenance simulator you would like to use. By default, the native “Sam’s Simulator” will be selected. If STK is selected, remember that a valid STK license for STK Integration and STK Astrogator is required.
Third, proceed to set the remainder of your orbit and spacecraft parameters. These parameters are self-explanatory. Some parameters are specific to ORBITM and are defined below:
- Maintenance Tolerance Band
Threshold altitude that triggers an orbit raise (km).
- Frozen Repeat Ground Track
Option to consider frozen repeat orbit maintenance.
Note
The altitude value used as the reference with the Maintenance Tolerance Band is defined as the geodetic altitude. In “Sam’s Simulator” mode, this altitude is the Keplerian semi-major axis minus Earth’s equatorial radius. However, STK-mode accounts for the oblateness of the Earth, and the presence of other perturbing forces. Thus, in STK mode, the Earth-centered altitude often oscillates with the latitude and with time, even for a “circular orbit”.
In order to prevent triggering a manoeuvre on the wrong rising or falling edge of the altitude profile, the STK mode triggers manoeuvres based on the Kozai-Izsak Mean Semi-Major Axis rather than the nominal altitude. It is acknowledged that this changes the definition for the “threshold altitude”, especially for highly elliptical orbits running in STK.
If the option for a Frozen Repeat Ground Track was selected, then the orbit raise will happen from the negative threshold below its initial altitude to a positive threshold above the initial altitude, and the thrusts will be done in perigee-apogee pairs. This minimises secular perturbations to the orbit mean eccentricity and the orbit nodal period. For example, if the Frozen Repeat Ground Track option was selected, with an initial altitude of 500km, and a threshold of 5km, the orbit raise will be triggered at 495km, and raised to 505km in two thrust pairs. Else, in the non-frozen repeat orbit maintenance case, the orbit raise will be triggered at 495km, and raised back to the original 500km.
Finally, before running the simulation (Run ORBITM), check the “thrusters.txt” file on the main ORBITM directory, and add thruster specifications that you wish to size your missions against. Some thrusters are written inside this shortlist as an example. The purpose of this shortlist is to provide the program with the thruster specifications, so that the mission planner can graphically compare its Isp and fuel capacity to the suitability of the mission (as an output of the program).
Now, you can run ORBITM. If you are a licensed STK user and you would like to use ORBITM to automate an orbit maintenance simulation in STK for you, make sure there are no running instances of STK before you run ORBITM in the STK 10 or 11 mode.
Note
ORBITM considers only atmospheric drag and not albedo and radiation effects.


The Julia community has contributed over 2,000 packages. These include various mathematical libraries, data manipulation tools, and packages for general purpose computing. If you do not find what you are looking for, contribute one!


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Statistical Significance Calculator
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Example of Using NASA's APOD
as a Background Splash
Photo from
By Derrick Li
Click here to go back
© Derrick Li
Design:
HTML5 UP


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Agent discusses LFC target & potential Fabinho backup Denis Zakaria’s future
by Jordan ChamberlainPossible Liverpool target Denis Zakaria will not be leaving Borussia Monchengladbach this winter.
That’s according to his agent, who ruled out a January transfer for his 22-year-old client who’s taken Germany by storm this season.
“Denis will not leave Borussia in the winter, a change is 100 per cent excluded,” Mathieu Beda told Sport BILD, cited in the Mirror – who list us one of a number of Premier Leagues to be interested in his services.
“Denis is in very good shape in Gladbach and has been playing really well for weeks, but he still has more potential and he wants to show that in Gladbach now instead of dealing with a change.”
Gladbach sit on 25 points, four points ahead of Bayern and Rb Leipzig, and are now considered genuine title contenders.
Zakaria has been their best player, providing ample steel and energy in holding midfield.
He has plenty of Fabinho about him, but due to the Brazilian’s brilliance, would surely only come to Anfield as a backup option for our no.3 and not a replacement…
We don’t have another high level holding midfielder – but Fabinho is nearly always fit and the fact Jordan Henderson, Gini Wijnaldum and even Marko Grujic next season can also fill this role make us doubt whether it’s a priority.
Still, at 22, he fits the bill – a player at a non-elite club who is on an upward curve. The problem is when it comes to transfers, we’re very, very good already!


Another rough night with the kid. She "woke up" crying but with her eyes closed still... not sure what that was about.
1/16/2009, 8:18:38 AM
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Another rough night with the kid. She "woke up" crying but with her eyes closed still... not sure what that was about.
1/16/2009, 8:18:38 AM
Favs: 0
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link


Kandy PSTN
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We use a tool called Puppetfactory in our classrooms. This runs virtual Puppet agent nodes for each student and provides web-based command-line access. Each student's codebase is developed in a Git repository with a graphical web-based editor and enforced on agent nodes. Students may also run certain interactive commands during class.
The standard workflow will be to:
Please create a user account for the classroom experience. The username and password you choose will be used when logging in to the terminal, to the Puppet Enterprise Console, and the Gitea repository server. Your instructor will provide a Session ID that should be the same as the password used to open PDF documents in the class.
If you get logged out for some reason, this home page will load again. Simply choose the Login tab and enter your classroom username.
Once you've created an account, the web terminal will load. Log in using
the username and password you specified. You are running a full Linux
machine with root
access. You can perform any system administration
tasks you'd like. For example, you might try yum install nano
to install the Nano text editor.
The Puppet agent is already installed for you. Most of the interaction you'll
have with this terminal will be to run puppet agent -t
to enforce
the code you've written, or to run facter
to retrieve fact values.
Your exercise instructions will explain what commands to run.
Notice the Code Repository link in the header. Click that link and then sign in using the classroom credentials you specified.
Now you'll be logged into the Gitea git repository, but you'll have a mostly empty home page. Find the classroom codebase under the Explore link in the Gitea header. Only one repository will be visible, so you should select it.
Then you should find your own branch in the repository. Click the Branch: production drop-down and select your own branch.
All of your code will be edited in your branch of this repository. Before you can enforce it, you'll need to copy the code to the master. We call this process deploying a release. In your own infrastructure you may have processes already in place, such as a CI/CD server, or a control repository webhook. In the classroom, we ask you to manually request a deployment by pressing the Deploy Environment button. This will copy your code, and only your code, to the Puppet master.
Once your code has been deployed, you can run puppet agent -t
at the command line in the web terminal. Each time you make code changes
that you want to test or enforce, you'll need to deploy again.


#include <type_traits>
#include <initializer_list>
Go to the source code of this file.
Definition at line 120 of file utils.h.


{% include head.html %}
{% include header.html %} {% include banner.html %}Performing quantum state and process tomography on near-term quantum devices, using new neural network strategies Identification of unconventional order, including topological phases, many-body localized states, and their associated phase transitions, using machine learning techniques.
The use of neural networks for decoding and quantum error correction. Theoretically exploring the capability of shallow and deep neural networks for the efficient representation of quantum wavefunctions.
Developing a theoretical understanding of deep learning and its relationship to the information bottleneck, phase transitions, critical slowing down, and the renormalization group
Efficient Extensible Quantum Algorithm Design For Humans.
A Quantum Calculator Used for Many-body Eigenstate Reconstruction.


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- contactEmail: contactEmail
- type: type
Your sign in details
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We hope you enjoy using Math Race addition testing to help build your team.
You just need a few credits to get you started.
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You are at a high table with bar chairs and neat retro hanging lights. You see someone sitting and working on their laptop on one end of the table.
Sitting in the middle you see a guy with a large screen TV and a PlayStation. You ask him what he is doing, I mean it’s not every day you see a guy with a PlayStation and a large screen TV in the library. He says he’s using the Wi-Fi to update his system.
Oh, yeah, sure... is what you say to him.


--- layout: post title: '' date: 2013-07-10 04:34:57.000000000 +05:30 categories: [] tags: [] status: draft type: post published: false meta: _edit_last: '1' author: login: cvlewis email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>display_name: Carl V. Lewis first_name: Carl V. last_name: Lewis excerpt: !ruby/object:Hpricot::Doc options: {} ---
[social_icons][/social_icons]


Every day after school I go down to the C1 and buy a bottle of Jolt. As always I bought my bottle. I had also been staying up really late the last few days of the week to get school work done, so i figured i ought to buy some caffeine pills. Of course I, being always open to experiences w/ drugs, take one. Now believe it or not, this one pill actually made me feel tired (Or it just never kicked in even though the bottle said 'Fast Acting'). So I walked around town and, after about a half hour, decided to take another two... with another bottle of jolt. I was still very tired and was almost nodding off.
Then, approx. 45 minutes after my last dose, I started getting energy. Keep in mind that my total dose up the whole day had been 2 bottles of Jolt, and 3 NoDoz pills(200mg each). A half an hour later I was in the movie theater watching Gladiator experiencing one of the most euphoric experiences of my life. Right at the peak of the War scene I was a good and had nothing but nectar and ambrosia flowing through my veins. This didn't last long however and soon i was back down. my peak must have lasted ten minutes.
Now here is the bad part. 45 minutes through the film my girlfriend puts her hands down my pants. Nothing.  (We are actually planning on dropping E together in the near future) We try for about 25 minutes.  My snake just decided to take a nap. All the pressure it was getting sure didn't make it work any better. So naturally i start to do her, finger her i mean.  I get her to where she is basically dripping through the seat, and I am still softer then the 1800's porn. Basic message, don't plan on too much sweet love unless you can pull it off in ten minutes.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


2 Chronicles 3:5
And the greater house he cieled with fir tree, which he overlaid with fine gold, and set thereon palm trees and chains.


A card deck is a group of cards which share the same height as the tallest card in the deck. Height is determined by the length of content within a card, and the card with the most content will dictate the height of the other cards in the deck.
The examples below pull the carousel effect by using the crds-card-carousel shared library, along with the library's dependencies..
Adding a data attribute of data-crds-carousel="mobile-scroll"
to a card deck and instantiating the crds-card-carousel script enables side-scrolling on mobile-sized screens only. On larger screens, the layout will be an expanded view, creating new rows for each set of four cards.
Adding a data attribute of data-crds-carousel="always-scroll"
to a card deck and instantiating the crds-card-carousel-script will create a side-scrolling effect on all screen sizes.


Ipsum is simply dummy text ndustry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. It has survived not only five centuries, but also the
Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. It has survived not only five centuries, but also the
Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. It has survived not only five centuries, but also the
Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. It has survived not only five centuries, but also the
the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. It has survived not only five centuries, but also the
Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. It has survived not only five centuries, but also the


Welcome to the DomainEvaluator Beta!
It is an application designed to help you to calculate instrinsic domain values.


Dear user {{ username }},
NeuroVault user {{ owner }} has added you as a Contributor to the NeuroVault collection {{ collection }}.
You now have the ability to add, edit and delete images to this collection.
You can access this collection here: {{ collection }}
Thanks,
The NeuroVault team.


spaCy extensions¶
Doc extensions¶
Functionality for inspecting, customizing, and transforming spaCy’s core
data structure, spacy.tokens.Doc
, accessible directly as functions
that take a Doc
as their first argument or as custom attributes/methods
on instantiated docs prepended by an underscore:
>>> spacy_lang = textacy.load_spacy_lang("en")
>>> doc = nlp("This is a short text.")
>>> print(get_preview(doc))
Doc(6 tokens: "This is a short text.")
>>> print(doc._.preview)
Doc(6 tokens: "This is a short text.")
-
textacy.spacier.doc_extensions.
set_doc_extensions
()[source]¶ Set textacy’s custom property and method doc extensions on the global
spacy.tokens.Doc
.
-
textacy.spacier.doc_extensions.
get_doc_extensions
()[source]¶ Get textacy’s custom property and method doc extensions that can be set on or removed from the global
spacy.tokens.Doc
.
-
textacy.spacier.doc_extensions.
remove_doc_extensions
()[source]¶ Remove textacy’s custom property and method doc extensions from the global
spacy.tokens.Doc
.
-
textacy.spacier.doc_extensions.
get_lang
(doc: spacy.tokens.doc.Doc) → str[source]¶ Get the standard, two-letter language code assigned to
Doc
and its associatedspacy.vocab.Vocab
.
-
textacy.spacier.doc_extensions.
get_preview
(doc: spacy.tokens.doc.Doc) → str[source]¶ Get a short preview of the
Doc
, including the number of tokens and an initial snippet.
-
textacy.spacier.doc_extensions.
get_tokens
(doc: spacy.tokens.doc.Doc) → Iterable[spacy.tokens.token.Token][source]¶ Yield the tokens in
Doc
, one at a time.
-
textacy.spacier.doc_extensions.
get_n_tokens
(doc: spacy.tokens.doc.Doc) → int[source]¶ Get the number of tokens (including punctuation) in
Doc
.
-
textacy.spacier.doc_extensions.
get_n_sents
(doc: spacy.tokens.doc.Doc) → int[source]¶ Get the number of sentences in
Doc
.
-
textacy.spacier.doc_extensions.
get_meta
(doc: spacy.tokens.doc.Doc) → dict[source]¶ Get custom metadata added to
Doc
.
-
textacy.spacier.doc_extensions.
set_meta
(doc: spacy.tokens.doc.Doc, value: dict) → None[source]¶ Add custom metadata to
Doc
.
-
textacy.spacier.doc_extensions.
to_tokenized_text
(doc: spacy.tokens.doc.Doc) → List[List[str]][source]¶ Transform
Doc
into an ordered, nested list of token-texts per sentence.Note
If
doc
hasn’t been segmented into sentences, the entire document is treated as a single sentence.
-
textacy.spacier.doc_extensions.
to_tagged_text
(doc: spacy.tokens.doc.Doc) → List[List[Tuple[str, str]]][source]¶ Transform
Doc
into an ordered, nested list of (token-text, part-of-speech tag) pairs per sentence.Note
If
doc
hasn’t been segmented into sentences, the entire document is treated as a single sentence.
-
textacy.spacier.doc_extensions.
to_terms_list
(doc: spacy.tokens.doc.Doc, *, ngrams: Union[int, Collection[int], None] = (1, 2, 3), entities: Optional[bool] = True, normalize: Union[str, Callable[[Union[spacy.tokens.span.Span, spacy.tokens.token.Token]], str], None] = 'lemma', as_strings: bool = False, **kwargs) → Union[Iterable[int], Iterable[str]][source]¶ Transform
Doc
into a sequence of ngrams and/or entities — not necessarily in order of appearance — where each appears in the sequence as many times as it appears inDoc
.- Parameters
doc –
ngrams – ngrams to include in the terms list. If
{1, 2, 3}
, unigrams, bigrams, and trigrams are included; if2
, only bigrams are included; if None, ngrams aren’t included, except for those belonging to named entities.entities –
If True, entities are included in the terms list; if False, they are excluded from the list; if None, entities aren’t included or excluded at all.
Note
When both
entities
andngrams
are non-null, exact duplicates (based on start and end indexes) are handled. Ifentities
is True, any duplicate entities are included while duplicate ngrams are discarded to avoid double-counting; ifentities
is False, no entities are included of course, and duplicate ngrams are discarded as well.normalize – If “lemma”, lemmatize terms; if “lower”, lowercase terms; if falsy, use the form of terms as they appear in doc; if callable, must accept a
Token
orSpan
and return a str, e.g.get_normalized_text()
.as_strings – If True, terms are returned as strings; if False, terms are returned as their unique integer ids.
kwargs –
filter_stops (bool)
filter_punct (bool)
filter_nums (bool)
include_pos (str or Set[str])
exclude_pos (str or Set[str])
min_freq (int)
include_types (str or Set[str])
exclude_types (str or Set[str]
drop_determiners (bool)
See
textacy.extract.words()
,textacy.extract.ngrams()
, andtextacy.extract.entities()
for details.
- Yields
The next term in the terms list, as either a unique integer id or a string.
- Raises
ValueError – if neither
entities
norngrams
are included, or ifentities
ornormalize
have invalid values
Note
Despite the name, this is a generator function; to get an actual list of terms, call
list(to_terms_list(doc))
.
-
textacy.spacier.doc_extensions.
to_bag_of_terms
(doc: spacy.tokens.doc.Doc, *, ngrams: Union[int, Collection[int], None] = (1, 2, 3), entities: Optional[bool] = True, normalize: Union[str, Callable[[Union[spacy.tokens.span.Span, spacy.tokens.token.Token]], str], None] = 'lemma', weighting: str = 'count', as_strings: bool = False, **kwargs) → Dict[Union[int, str], Union[int, float]][source]¶ Transform
Doc
into a bag-of-terms: the set of unique terms inDoc
mapped to their frequency of occurrence, where “terms” includes ngrams and/or entities.- Parameters
doc –
ngrams – n of which n-grams to include.
(1, 2, 3)
(default) includes unigrams (words), bigrams, and trigrams; 2 if only bigrams are wanted; falsy (e.g. False) to not include anyentities – If True (default), include named entities; note: if ngrams are also included, any ngrams that exactly overlap with an entity are skipped to prevent double-counting
normalize – If “lemma”, lemmatize terms; if “lower”, lowercase terms; if falsy, use the form of terms as they appear in
doc
; if a callable, must accept aToken
orSpan
and return a str, e.g.textacy.spacier.utils.get_normalized_text()
.weighting ({"count", "freq", "binary"}) – Type of weight to assign to terms. If “count” (default), weights are the absolute number of occurrences (count) of term in doc. If “binary”, all counts are set equal to 1. If “freq”, term counts are normalized by the total token count, giving their relative frequency of occurrence.
as_strings – If True, words are returned as strings; if False (default), words are returned as their unique integer ids.
kwargs –
filter_stops (bool)
filter_punct (bool)
filter_nums (bool)
include_pos (str or Set[str])
exclude_pos (str or Set[str])
min_freq (int)
include_types (str or Set[str])
exclude_types (str or Set[str]
drop_determiners (bool)
See
textacy.extract.words()
,textacy.extract.ngrams()
, andtextacy.extract.entities()
for details.
- Returns
Mapping of a unique term id or string (depending on the value of
as_strings
) to its absolute, relative, or binary frequency of occurrence (depending on the value ofweighting
).
See also
to_terms_list()
, which is used under the hood.
-
textacy.spacier.doc_extensions.
to_bag_of_words
(doc: spacy.tokens.doc.Doc, *, normalize: str = 'lemma', weighting: str = 'count', as_strings: bool = False, filter_stops: bool = True, filter_punct: bool = True, filter_nums: bool = False) → Dict[Union[int, str], Union[int, float]][source]¶ Transform
Doc
into a bag-of-words: the set of unique words inDoc
mapped to their absolute, relative, or binary frequency of occurrence.- Parameters
doc –
normalize – If “lemma”, lemmatize words before counting; if “lower”, lowercase words before counting; otherwise, words are counted using the form with which they they appear in doc.
weighting ({"count", "freq", "binary"}) – Type of weight to assign to words. If “count” (default), weights are the absolute number of occurrences (count) of word in doc. If “binary”, all counts are set equal to 1. If “freq”, word counts are normalized by the total token count, giving their relative frequency of occurrence. Note: The resulting set of frequencies won’t (necessarily) sum to 1.0, since punctuation and stop words are filtered out after counts are normalized.
as_strings (bool) – If True, words are returned as strings; if False (default), words are returned as their unique integer ids
filter_stops (bool) – If True (default), stop words are removed after counting.
filter_punct (bool) – If True (default), punctuation tokens are removed after counting.
filter_nums (bool) – If True, tokens consisting of digits are removed after counting.
- Returns
Mapping of a unique term id or string (depending on the value of
as_strings
) to its absolute, relative, or binary frequency of occurrence (depending on the value ofweighting
).
-
textacy.spacier.doc_extensions.
to_semantic_network
(doc: spacy.tokens.doc.Doc, *, nodes: str = 'words', normalize: Union[str, Callable[[Union[spacy.tokens.span.Span, spacy.tokens.token.Token]], str], None] = 'lemma', edge_weighting: str = 'default', window_width: int = 10) → networkx.classes.graph.Graph[source]¶ Transform
Doc
into a semantic network, where nodes are either “words” or “sents” and edges between nodes may be weighted in different ways.- Parameters
doc –
nodes ({"words", "sents"}) – Type of doc component to use as nodes in the semantic network.
normalize – If “lemma”, lemmatize terms; if “lower”, lowercase terms; if falsy, use the form of terms as they appear in doc; if a callable, must accept a
Token
orSpan
(ifnodes
= “words” or “sents”, respectively) and return a str, e.g.get_normalized_text()
edge_weighting – Type of weighting to apply to edges between nodes; if
nodes
= “words”, options are {“cooc_freq”, “binary”}, ifnodes
= “sents”, options are {“cosine”, “jaccard”}; if “default”, “cooc_freq” or “cosine” will be automatically used.window_width – Size of sliding window over terms that determines which are said to co-occur; only applicable if
nodes
= “words”.
- Returns
where nodes represent either terms or sentences in doc; edges, the relationships between them.
- Return type
networkx.Graph
- Raises
ValueError – If
nodes
is neither “words” nor “sents”.
Pipeline Components¶
Custom components to add to a spaCy language pipeline.
-
class
textacy.spacier.components.
TextStatsComponent
(attrs=None)[source]¶ A custom component to be added to a spaCy language pipeline that computes one, some, or all text stats for a parsed doc and sets the values as custom attributes on a
spacy.tokens.Doc
.Add the component to a pipeline, after the parser (as well as any subsequent components that modify the tokens/sentences of the doc):
>>> en = spacy.load('en') >>> text_stats_component = TextStatsComponent() >>> en.add_pipe(text_stats_component, after='parser')
Process a text with the pipeline and access the custom attributes via spaCy’s underscore syntax:
>>> doc = en(u"This is a test test someverylongword.") >>> doc._.n_words 6 >>> doc._.flesch_reading_ease 73.84500000000001
Specify which attributes of the
textacy.text_stats.TextStats()
to add to processed documents:>>> en = spacy.load('en') >>> text_stats_component = TextStatsComponent(attrs='n_words') >>> en.add_pipe(text_stats_component, last=True) >>> doc = en(u"This is a test test someverylongword.") >>> doc._.n_words 6 >>> doc._.flesch_reading_ease AttributeError: [E046] Can't retrieve unregistered extension attribute 'flesch_reading_ease'. Did you forget to call the `set_extension` method?
- Parameters
attrs (str or Iterable[str] or None) – If str, a single text stat to compute and set on a
Doc
. If Iterable[str], multiple text stats. If None, all text stats are computed and set as extensions.
-
name
¶ Default name of this component in a spaCy language pipeline, used to get and modify the component via various
spacy.Language
methods, e.g. https://spacy.io/api/language#get_pipe.- Type
See also
spaCy Utils¶
Helper functions for working with / extending spaCy’s core functionality.
-
textacy.spacier.utils.
make_doc_from_text_chunks
(text: str, lang: Union[str, spacy.language.Language], chunk_size: int = 100000) → spacy.tokens.doc.Doc[source]¶ Make a single spaCy-processed document from 1 or more chunks of
text
. This is a workaround for processing very long texts, for which spaCy is unable to allocate enough RAM.Although this function’s performance is pretty good, it’s inherently less performant that just processing the entire text in one shot. Only use it if necessary!
- Parameters
text – Text document to be chunked and processed by spaCy.
lang – A 2-letter language code (e.g. “en”), the name of a spaCy model for the desired language, or an already-instantiated spaCy language pipeline.
chunk_size –
Number of characters comprising each text chunk (excluding the last chunk, which is probably smaller). For best performance, value should be somewhere between 1e3 and 1e7, depending on how much RAM you have available.
Note
Since chunking is done by character, chunks edges’ probably won’t respect natural language segmentation, which means that every
chunk_size
characters, spaCy will probably get tripped up and make weird parsing errors.
- Returns
A single processed document, initialized from components accumulated chunk by chunk.
-
textacy.spacier.utils.
merge_spans
(spans: Iterable[spacy.tokens.span.Span], doc: spacy.tokens.doc.Doc) → None[source]¶ Merge spans into single tokens in
doc
, in-place.- Parameters
spans (Iterable[
spacy.tokens.Span
]) –doc (
spacy.tokens.Doc
) –
-
textacy.spacier.utils.
preserve_case
(token: spacy.tokens.token.Token) → bool[source]¶ Return True if
token
is a proper noun or acronym; otherwise, False.- Raises
ValueError – If parent document has not been POS-tagged.
-
textacy.spacier.utils.
get_normalized_text
(span_or_token: Union[spacy.tokens.span.Span, spacy.tokens.token.Token]) → str[source]¶ Get the text of a spaCy span or token, normalized depending on its characteristics. For proper nouns and acronyms, text is returned as-is; for everything else, text is lemmatized.
-
textacy.spacier.utils.
get_main_verbs_of_sent
(sent: spacy.tokens.span.Span) → List[spacy.tokens.token.Token][source]¶ Return the main (non-auxiliary) verbs in a sentence.
-
textacy.spacier.utils.
get_subjects_of_verb
(verb: spacy.tokens.token.Token) → List[spacy.tokens.token.Token][source]¶ Return all subjects of a verb according to the dependency parse.
-
textacy.spacier.utils.
get_objects_of_verb
(verb: spacy.tokens.token.Token) → List[spacy.tokens.token.Token][source]¶ Return all objects of a verb according to the dependency parse, including open clausal complements.


@(registrationForm: Form[Public.RegistrationInfo]) @main("Sportler") {
By registering you agree to behave and use proper manners. In kind, we will do so unto you as well. After submitting the form below you will be automatically logged in. You will then be part of the sportler family. Welcome!


Who is Roy Fielding?
Some guy. He's smart.
Oh? What did he do?
He helped write the first web servers and then did a ton of research explaining why the web works the way it does. His name is on the specification for the protocol that is used to get pages from servers to your browser.
How does it work?
The web?
Yeah.
Hmm. Well, it's all pretty amazing really. And the funny thing is that it's all very undervalued. The protocol I was talking about, HTTP, it's capable of all sorts of neat stuff that people ignore for some reason.
You mean http like the beginning of what I type into the browser?
Yeah. That first part tells the browser what protocol to use. That stuff you type in there is one of the most important breakthroughs in the history of computing.
Why?
Because it is capable of describing the location of something anywhere in the world from anywhere in the world. It's the foundation of the web. You can think of it like GPS coordinates for knowledge and information.
For web pages?
For anything really. That guy, Roy Fielding, he talks a lot about what those things point to in that research I was talking about. The web is built on an architectural style called REST. REST provides a definition of a resource, which is what those things point to.
A web page is a resource?
Kind of. A web page is a representation of a resource. Resources are just concepts. URLs--those things that you type into the browser...
I know what a URL is..
Oh, right. Those tell the browser that there's a concept somewhere. A browser can then go ask for a specific representation of the concept. Specifically, the browser asks for the web page representation of the concept.
What other kinds of representations are there?
Actually, representations is one of these things that doesn't get used a lot. In most cases, a resource has only a single representation. But we're hoping that representations will be used more in the future because there's a bunch of new formats popping up all over the place.
Like what?
Hmm. Well, there's this concept that people are calling Web Services. It means a lot of different things to a lot of different people but the basic concept is that machines could use the web just like people do.
Is this another robot thing?
No, not really. I don't mean that machines will be sitting down at the desk and browsing the web. But computers can use those same protocols to send messages back and forth to each other. We've been doing that for a long time but none of the techniques we use today work well when you need to be able to talk to all of the machines in the entire world.
Why not?
Because they weren't designed to be used like that. When Fielding and his buddies started building the web, being able to talk to any machine anywhere in the world was a primary concern. Most of the techniques we use at work to get computers to talk to each other didn't have those requirements. You just needed to talk to a small group of machines.
And now you need to talk to all the machines?
Yes - and more. We need to be able to talk to all machines about all the stuff that's on all the other machines. So we need some way of having one machine tell another machine about a resource that might be on yet another machine.
What?
Let's say you're talking to your sister and she wants to borrow the sweeper or something. But you don't have it - your Mom has it. So you tell your sister to get it from your Mom instead. This happens all the time in real life and it happens all the time when machines start talking too.
So how do the machines tell each other where things are?
The URL, of course. If everything that machines need to talk about has a corresponding URL, you've created the machine equivalent of a noun. ...
... That you and I and the rest of the world have agreed on talking about nouns in a certain way is pretty important, eh?
Yeah.
Machines don't have a universal noun - that's why they suck. Every programming language, database, or other kind of system has a different way of talking about nouns. That's why the URL is so important. It let's all of these systems tell each other about each other's nouns.
But when I'm looking at a web page, I don't think of it like that.
Nobody does. Except Fielding and handful of other people.
That's why machines still suck.
What about verbs and pronouns and adjectives?
Funny you asked because that's another big aspect of REST. Well, verbs are anyway.
I was just joking.
It was a funny joke but it's actually not a joke at all. Verbs are important. There's a powerful concept in programming and computer science theory called polymorphism.
That's a geeky way of saying that different nouns can have the same verb applied to them.
I don't get it.
Well.. Look at the coffee table. What are the nouns? Cup, tray, newspaper, remote. Now, what are some things you can do to all of these things?
I don't get it...
You can get them, right? You can pick them up. You can knock them over. You can burn them. You can apply those same exact verbs to any of the objects sitting there.
Okay... so?
Well, that's important. What if instead of me being able to say to you, "get the cup," and "get the newspaper," and "get the remote"; what if instead we needed to come up with different verbs for each of the nouns? I couldn't use the word "get" universally, but instead had to think up a new word for each verb/noun combination.
Wow! That's weird.
Yes, it is. Our brains are somehow smart enough to know that the same verbs can be applied to many different nouns. Some verbs are more specific than others and apply only to a small set of nouns. For instance, I can't drive a cup and I can't drink a car. But some verbs are almost universal like GET, PUT, and DELETE.
You can't DELETE a cup.
Well, okay, but you can throw it away. That was another joke, right?
Yeah.
So anyway, HTTP--this protocol Fielding and his friends created--is all about applying verbs to nouns. For instance, when you go to a web page, the browser does an HTTP GET on the URL you type in and back comes a web page.
Web pages usually have images, right? ...
... Those are separate resources. The web page just specifies the URLs to the images and the browser goes and does more HTTP GETs on them until all the resources are obtained and the web page is displayed. But the important thing here is that very different kinds of nouns can be treated the same. Whether the noun is an image, text, video, an mp3, a slideshow, whatever.
I can GET all of those things the same way given a URL.
Sounds like GET is a pretty important verb.
It is. Especially when you're using a web browser because browsers pretty much just GET stuff. They don't do a lot of other types of interaction with resources. This is a problem because it has led many people to assume that HTTP is just for GETing. But HTTP is actually a general purpose protocol for applying verbs to nouns.
Cool. But I still don't see how this changes anything. What kinds of nouns and verbs do you want?
Well the nouns are there but not in the right format.
Think about when you're browsing around amazon.com looking for things to buy me for Christmas. Imagine each of the products as being nouns. Now, if they were available in a representation that a machine could understand, you could do a lot of neat things.
Why can't a machine understand a normal web page?
Because web pages are designed to be understood by people. A machine doesn't care about layout and styling. Machines basically just need the data. Ideally, every URL would have a human readable and a machine readable representation. When a machine GETs the resource, it will ask for the machine readable one. When a browser GETs a resource for a human, it will ask for the human readable one.
So people would have to make machine formats for all their pages?
If it were valuable.
Look, we've been talking about this with a lot of abstraction. How about we take a real example....
You''ve been teaching - at school I bet you have a big computer system, or three or four computer systems more likely, that let you manage students: what classes they're in, what grades they're getting, emergency contacts, information about the books you teach out of, etc. ...
If the systems are web-based, then there's probably a URL for each of the nouns involved here: student, teacher, class, book, room, etc. Right now, getting the URL through the browser gives you a web page.
If there were a machine readable representation for each URL, then it would be trivial to latch new tools onto the system because all of that information would be consumable in a standard way. It would also make it quite a bit easier for each of the systems to talk to each other.
Or, you could build a state or country-wide system that was able to talk to each of the individual school systems to collect testing scores.
The possibilities are endless.
Each of the systems would get information from each other using a simple HTTP GET. If one system needs to add something to another system, it would use an HTTP POST. If a system wants to update something in another system, it uses an HTTP PUT. The only thing left to figure out is what the data should look like.
So this is what you and all the computer people are working on now? Deciding what the data should look like?
Sadly, no.
Instead, the large majority are busy writing layers of complex specifications for doing this stuff in a different way that isn't nearly as useful or eloquent.
Nouns aren't universal and verbs aren't polymorphic. ...
... We're throwing out decades of real field usage and proven technique and starting over with something that looks a lot like other systems that have failed in the past.
We're using HTTP but only because it helps us talk to our network and security people less.
We're trading simplicity for flashy tools and wizards.
Why?
I have no idea.
Why don't you say something?
Maybe I will.
Thank you !
based on Ryan Tomaykos writing How I explained REST to my wife


typedef enum
{
NE_TERRAIN = 0,
NE_RIGID_BODY,
NE_ANIMATED_BODY,
} neBodyType;
This enum identifies the type of objects of bodyA and bodyB in the neCollisionInfo structure.
typedef struct neCollisionInfo neCollisionInfo;
struct neCollisionInfo
{
neByte * bodyA;
neByte * bodyB;
neBodyType typeA;
neBodyType typeB;
neGeometry * geometryA;
neGeometry * geometryB;
s32 materialIdA;
s32 materialIdB;
neV3 bodyContactPointA;
neV3 bodyContactPointB;
neV3 worldContactPointA;
neV3 worldContactPointB;
neV3 relativeVelocity;
neV3 collisionNormal;
};
This structure is passed to the application during neCollisionCallback. It contains various blocks of information about a collision which has occurred during the current simulation step.
bodyA, bodyB, typeA, typeB
bodyA and bodyB are pointers to the bodies which are colliding. Their type depends on the value of typeA and typeB. If the value of typeB is NE_TERRAIN, then bodyB is NULL.
geometryA, geometryB
These are pointers to neGeometry objects involved in the collision, one from each of the body. If typeB equal to NE_TERRAIN, then geometryB is NULL
materialA, materialB
The material indices of the geometries which are colliding.
bodyContactPointA, bodyContactPointB, worldContactPointA, worldContactPointB
The contact points in body coordinates and in world coordinates.
relativeVelocity
The relativeVelocity of the contact points.
collisionNormal
The direction of the collision normal.
typedef void (neLogOutputCallback)(char * logString);
typedef void (neCollisionCallback)(neCollisionInfo & collisionInfo);
typedef void (neTerrainTriangleQueryCallback)(const neV3 & minBound, const neV3 & maxBound, neTriangleMesh & triMesh);


--- layout: default ---
A minimalist boilerplate to get you started on a new Jekyll project quickly.
BoilerPack comes pre-configured with the following tools so you can hit the ground running:
It also has the following features right out of the box:
For usage documentation, visit the GitHub repo.


DnA Decomposition Map
Welcome to this little prototype of the DnA Decomposition Map App! This app runs completely client-side in your browser. It does not send any of your data to any server.
The packaged example data is completely fictional. Any similarity to how metamorphant works is purely coincidental.
Have fun!
How to use it
The app expects your domains'n'applications decomposition draft as input in the data editor.
For your convenience, you can also load a file from your local PC into the data editor.
Make sure to save your results after editing!


OpenShift
Panel Content
We believe in collaboration. We believe in choice, control, and freedom. Open source values like meritocracy, community building, and transparency are changing the way we approach business and life.
| Case ID: | Case0002b |
| Case Name: | Development case instance |
| Status: | |
| State: | Started on March 16th 2017 |


Tribes That May Be is a project by Jonathan "Gadget" Freedman (power, circuits, deployment, metrics) and Adrienne "Ashtar" Haik (game programming, story development). They live in Oakland, California with too many cats and built the structure together on the roof of their building while dodging the Home Owner's Association
You can find us on Twitter: Adri and Jonathan
You can keep up with project progress & photos by following us on Twitter (@TribesThatMayBe) or on Facebook (Tribes that May Be
Would you like your camp, art, art car, or self to appear in the Tribes That May Be story? So would we! Fill out the below questionnaire. We may not be able to add your content this year, but we'll definitely try! Thanks!


{{ hero.name }}
Each piece of data can be clicked and edited. Press enter to save changes once edits are made.


{%- assign authors = include.authors | split: "," -%}
{%- for author in authors -%}
{%- if author contains "<" -%}
{%- assign authorparts = author | split: "<" -%}
" }}">{{ authorparts[0] | strip }}
{%- elsif author contains "(@" -%}
{%- assign authorparts = author | split: "(@" -%}
{{ authorparts[0] | strip }}
{%- else -%}
{{ author }}
{%- endif -%}
{% if forloop.last == false %}, {% endif %}
{%- endfor -%}


RadFa !
Log in to
RadFa
! Discover the reasonance of your words beyond your posts and your groups!!!
Log In with your Facebook account!


Aww yeah, you successfully install this amazing chrome extension!
All data will synchronize with cloud service. Without Internet connection, you can read cached version of your tasks, but you cannot interact with them.
First of all, generate your unique identifier. To do it, click on extension icon in the upper right corner of browser (or somewhere else, if you don't use Google Chrome). Click "Generate New" and you will see your new id. DON'T forget it! Without it, you can't get access to your data.
After getting id, open new tab (or reload this) and you will be able to work with extension! You can use this id to sync data between your computers - just put your id into ID field and click "Save".


{% extends "base_email.html" %} {% block email_body %} This is a confirmation email to inform you have successfully registered.
| CRN | Name | Status | Remove | {% for course in courses %}|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| {{ course.crn }} | {{ course.classname }} | {% if course.status == "Open" %}{{ course.status }} | {% elif course.status == "Waitlist" %}{{ course.status }} | {% elif course.status == "Full" %}{{ course.status }} | {% else %}{{ course.status }} | {% endif %}remove |
We will send you notifications if there are changes on seats availability
{% endblock %}


Marine Police should be contacted on Channel 16 who may allow a yacht to use their own basin in the inner harbour, which has a depth of 9 ft (2.70 m). Otherwise one should be prepared to anchor in the river, which can be quite uncomfortable and should only be used in settled weather.
The outer harbour is used mainly by ferries and hydrofoils going to Hong Kong. If the yacht is not visited by officials the captain should go to the harbour master's office with the ship's papers.
On departure, the harbour master should be notified not later than six hours before departure.
Last updated August 2015.
All visitors must have a valid passport.
Visas are not required for nationals of the following countries:-
a) The U.K. for visits of up to 6 months.
b) Other counties of the E.U., Mexico, Mongolia, Brazil, Iceland, Norway, Cape Verde, Israel, Japan, Lebanon, South Korea, Dominica, Egypt, Switzerland, Mali and Tanzania visits of up to 90 days.
c) Nationals of Australia, Canada, Chile, India, Indonesia, Kiribati, Liechtenstein, Malaysia, Monaco, Namibia, New Zealand, Philippines, Samoa, Seychelles, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, the USA and Uruguay for visits of up to 30 days.
d) Nationals of China with valid Macau entry/depart documents, including residents of Mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and overseas Chinese for a stay of up to 30 days.
Nationals of other countries must apply for a visa-on-arrival. This is not available to Bangladeshi, Nepalese, Nigerian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan and Vietnamese citizens.
For the latest regulations see Macau Government website.Last updated August 2015.
Firearms should be declared to customs.
Last updated August 2015.
Animals must be declared to Customs on arrival


Embedded Cluster Listeners in Infinispan 7.0.0.Alpha1
If you are following on the dev listing, you may have seen a design doc come through that details adding support for Clustered Listeners to Infinispan. This features allows for listeners to be used in a distributed cache configuration. I am happy to say that this feature is now in Infinispan 7.0.0.Alpha1 !
This feature is needed since local listeners in a distributed cache are only notified of events on the node where the data resides. Therefore, clustered listeners allow for a single listener to receive any write notification (limited to CacheEntryCreatedEvent, CacheEntryModifiedEvent and CacheEntryRemovedEvent) that occurs in the cluster which is installed on 1 node.
Basic Example
Using a cluster listener is just as easy as a regular listener. Here is a simple use case that stores the events as it receives them.
That is all that is required is just to set the property of your Listener annotated class to say clustered = true. There are other important changes in the rest of the document. Please let us know how you like the new cluster listeners ! Also if any issues are found, it is much appreciated to log those to JIRA.
Differences between Local and Cluster Listeners
Pre and post Notifications
In a local cluster listener, the listener is notified twice, before the operation is completed and after the entry is updated. A cluster listener is ONLY notified after the operation is completed while still holding locks. Therefore, the isPre method always returns false in a cluster listener.
Transaction begin and completion
In a transactional cache, local listeners are notified when a transaction begins and when it is completed (either through rollback or commit). A cluster listener is never notified of anything occurring until after the data has been updated, and thus will only ever be notified of committed entries and also will not receive TransactionRegisteredEvent or TransactionCompletedEvent events.
API Changes
There are a few new API classes that have been added to allow for configuration and operation of cluster listeners.
Listener annotation
The existing org.infinispan.notifications.Listener annotation has had a couple properties added to it.
The new clustered property defines whether or not this listener is a cluster listener or not. This means the listener will be sent all write modification events.
A cluster listener is not supported in an Invalidation cache. Local or replicated caches can use a cluster listener though. They will behave like a local cluster listener, except that replicated will be less performant.
The includeCurrentState property is also new and will provide a way for a listener when being registered to immediately be sent a CacheCreatedEvent for every entry in the cache. This will be supported for both local and cluster listeners. In a local listener it will only query the local data that is available, so in the case of a Distributed cache this will still only provide a possible subset of data. However a clustered listener will retrieve the data from all nodes as needed. A cache will still be available for writes during the includeCurrentState period. However the notifications will be queued until all state has been first sent. NOTE: includeCurrentState is currently not implemented but is planned during this release still see ISPN-4068
KeyValueFilter
This is a new Filter class that can be used to filter events or other operations based on the key value and metadata of the updated object.
Converter
A converter is used to convert a given key, value, metadata entry to a resulting value. This is useful if your listener doesn’t require the entire value and need just a portion from it. Or if the listener were to do some sort of translation, this would allow it to scale to each node instead of having to run the translation all on the node where the listener is registered.
Cache
The cache interface also has an additional overloaded method to allow for registering the previously mentioned KeyValueFilter and Converter with the Listener provided. Note that either type of listener, cluster or local, may be used with any of the overloaded addListener methods on the Cache interface.
This new method is similar to the other addListener methods, but is specially optimized for use with cluster listeners in distributed mode. Whenever a modification occurs which would cause an event to be sent to the cluster notifier the KeyValueFilter is first ran to see if this event should even be sent to the listener. If it is then the converter will be used to convert result into whatever data is desired to send back to the listener. These combined allow for reducing overall network traffic for events that you don’t want to get or reduce payload size by sending a different or subset of the value.
Events
There are some cases in Infinispan when it is unclear if a notification was properly raised in a non transactional cache. Due to this we have made available an additional value on the CacheEntryCreatedEvent, CacheEntryModifiedEvent, and CacheEntryRemovedEvent. This is to symbolize that this event could have been possibly duplicated or even changed types (CacheEntryModifiedEvent instead of CacheEntryCreatedEvent).
This should only return true if we had a node who was an owner go down while in the middle of processing the write.
Functional Changes
CacheEntryModified during creates
Prior to Infinispan 7.0, whenever a new entry was created, this would generate both CacheEntryCreated and CacheEntryModified events. This has been changed now so that only a CacheEntryCreated event is raised to more consistently model what has occurred.


2 Learn a new way to read
Getting started in data journalism often feels as if you’ve left the newsroom and entered the land of statistics, computer programming and data science. This chapter will help you start seeing data reporting in a new way, by learning how to study great works of the craft as a writer rather than a reader.
Jelani Cobb tweeted, “an engineer doesn’t look at a bridge the same way pedestrians or drivers do.” They see it as a “language of angles and load bearing structures.” We just see a bridge. While he was referring to long-form writing, reporting with data can also be learned by example – if you spend enough time with the examples.
Almost all good writers and reporters try to learn from exemplary work. I know more than one reporter who studies prize-winning journalism to hone their craft. This site will have plenty of examples, but you should stay on the lookout for others.
2.1 Read like a reporter
Try to approach data or empirical reporting as a reporter first, and a consumer second. The goal is to triangulate how the story was discovered, reported and constructed. You’ll want to think about why this story, told this way, at this time, was considered newsworthy enough to publish when another approach on the same topic might not have been.
What were the questions?
In data journalism, we often start with a tip, or a hypothesis. Sometimes it’s a simple question. Walt Bogdanich of The New York Times is renowned for seeing stories around every corner. Bogdanich has said that the prize-winning story “A Disability Epidemic Among a Railroad’s Retirees” came from a simple question he had when railway workers went on strike over pension benefits – how much were they worth? The story led to an FBI investigation and arrests, along with pension reform at the largest commuter rail in the country.
The hypothesis for some stories might be more directed. In 2021, the Howard Center for Investigative Journalism at ASU published “Little victims everywhere”, a set of stories on the lack of justice for survivors of child sexual assault on Native American reservations. That story came after previous reporters for the center analyzed data from the Justice Department showing that the FBI dropped most of the cases it investigated, and the Justice Department then only prosecuted about half of the matters referred to it by investigators. The hypothesis was that they were rarely pursued because federal prosecutors – usually focused on immigration, white collar crime and drugs – weren’t as prepared to pursue violent crime in Indian Country.
When studying a data-driven investigation, try to imagine what the reporters were trying to prove or disprove, and what they used to do it. In journalism, we rely on a mixture of quantitative and qualitative methods. It’s not enough to prove the “numbers” or have the statistical evidence. That is just the beginning of the story. We are supposed to ground-truth them with the stories of actual people and places.
Go beyond the numbers
It’s easy to focus on the numbers or statistics that make up the key findings, or the reason for the story. Some reporters make the mistake of thinking all of the numbers came from the same place – a rarity in most long-form investigations. Instead, the sources have been woven together and are a mix of original research and research done by others. Try to pay attention to any sourcing done in the piece. Sometimes, it will tell you that the analysis was original. Other times it’s more subtle.
But don’t just look at the statistics being reported in the story. In many (most?) investigations, some of the key people, places or time elements come directly from a database.
Sarah Cohen at Arizona State University analyzed the Paycheck Protection Program loan data for ProPublica and found a handful of sketchy-looking records from a single county in coastal New Jersey. It turned out to be a pretty good story.
Often, the place that a reporter visits is determined by examples found in data. In this story on rural development funds, all of the examples came from an analysis of the database. Once the data gave us a good lead, the reporters examined press releases and other easy-to-get sources before calling and visiting the recipients or towns.
2.2 Reading tips
You’ll get better at reading investigations and data-driven work over time, but for now, remember to go beyond the obvious:
Where might the reporters have found their key examples, and what made them good characters or illustrations of the larger issue? Could they have come from the data?
What do you think came first – a narrative single example that was broadened by data (naively, qualitative method), or a big idea that was illustrated with characters (quantitative method)?
What records were used? Were they public records, leaks, or proprietary data?
What methods did they use? Did they do their own testing, use statistical analysis, or geographic methods? You won’t always know, but look for a methodology section or a description alongside each story.
How might you localize or adapt these methods to find your own stories?
Pick out the key findings (usually in the nut graf or in a series of bullets after the opening chapter): are they controversial? How might they have been derived? What might have been the investigative hypothesis? Have they given critics their due and tried to falsify their own work?
How effective is the writing and presentation of the story? What makes it compelling journalism rather than a dry study? How might you have done it differently? Is a video story better told in text, or would a text story have made a good documentary? Are the visual elements well integrated? Does the writing draw you in and keep you reading? Think about structure, story length, entry points and graphics all working together.
Are you convinced? Are there holes or questions that didn’t get addressed?
2.3 Analyze data for story, not study
As journalists we’ll often be using data, social science methods and even interviewing differently than true experts. We’re seeking stories, not studies. Recognizing news in data is one of the hardest skills for less experienced reporters new to data journalism. This list of potential newsworthy data points is adapted from Paul Bradshaw’s “Data Journalism Heist”.
- Compare the claims of powerful people and institutions against facts – the classic investigative approach.
- Report on unexpected highs and lows (of change, or of some other characteristic)
- Look for outliers – individual values that buck a trend seen in the rest
- Verify or bust some myths
- Find signs of distress, happiness or dishonesty or any other emotion.
- Uncover new or under-reported long-term trends.
- Find data suggesting your area is the same or different than most others of its kind.
Bradshaw also did a recent study of data journalism pieces: “Here are the angles journalists use most often to tell the stories in data”, in Online Journalism Blog. I’m not sure I agree, only because he’s looking mainly at visualizations rather than stories, but they’re worth considering.


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