Methods
getDeviceFamily() → {string}
Returns the Windows 10 device family.
- Source:
Returns:
The device family being run on. Either Mobile, Desktop or Other
- Type
- string
isApiContractPresent(contractName, majorVeropt, minorVeropt) → {Boolean}
Query whether an API contract is supported on the running OS
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Attributes | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
contractName |
string | The contract name to query for | |
majorVer |
number |
<optional> |
Major version number of the API contract |
minorVer |
number |
<optional> |
Minor version number of the API contract |
- Source:
Returns:
Whether the API contract is supported on the running OS
- Type
- Boolean
isTypePresent(typeName) → {Boolean}
Query whether a type is supported on the running OS
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
typeName |
string | The type to query for |
- Source:
Returns:
Whether the type is supported on the running OS
- Type
- Boolean


pretixSCAN is developed by:
rami.io GmbH
Markgräfler Straße 16
69126 Heidelberg
Germany
Contact:
Email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Phone: +49 6221 3217750
This app contains code from the following open source projects:
Android Open Source Project – Apache License 2.0
OkHttp by Square, Inc. – Apache License 2.0
ZXing by ZXing authors – Apache License 2.0
Time by Kizito Nwose – MIT License
Ripple Effect by Robin Chutaux– MIT License
requery by requery.ui – Apache License 2.0
Joda Time – Apache License 2.0
Stetho by Facebook, Inc. – BSD 3-clause
Raven by Sentry – BSD 3-clause
libpretixsync by Raphael Michel – Apache License 2.0
libpretixprint by Raphael Michel – Apache License 2.0
Barcodescanner Integration by Dushyanth Maguluru – Apache License 2.0
QLCipher by Zetetic LLC – BSD 3-clause
GPL license
Please see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.
Apache License
Please see http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.
BSD 3-clause
Please see https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause.
MIT License
Please see https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT.


This website functions as a portfolio example. I’m an American front-end web developer currently based in Portland, Oregon. I build carefully-crafted, intuitive, and adaptive websites and applications using HTML, CSS, and Javascript. All helping to improve the user experience, drive sales, and boost profitability. As a web developer in an ever-evolving field, I work hard to stay in touch with emerging technologies, and design trends. If you have any projects or opportunities, please get in touch!
Turn your device
horizontally


1. Press "Initialize" button to calibrate background. Make sure the background is static (no moving objects).
2.
1. Position your colored object so that it covers the white square completely. Press "Get Target Color" to track objects of this color.
2. You may increase or decrease the color threshold. Increasing it will allow more hues to be identified as the colored object.


Mapping Source
This structure represents the following mapping definition:
plannet.PlanNet-HealthcareService maps to HealthcareService: ProvidedBy maps to providedBy Location maps to location NewPatients maps to http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/vhdir/StructureDefinition/newpatients AvailableTime maps to http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/vhdir/StructureDefinition/contactpoint-availabletime


BioJS |
| 14:30 | Introduction |
| 14:40 | What is BioJS? |
| 14:55 | Tech recap: HTML, CSS, Javascript |
| 15:25 | How to use a BioJS component |
| 15:55 | Break |
| 16:15 | Advanced tech recap: NPM, browserify |
| 16:45 | Develop your own component |
| 18:00 | End of tutorial. |


REGINALD LIN
NETWORKS
Recent Work
Infrastructure
recent work around waterways, networks, & machine learning


Access Control
Access control restricts access to parts of your code from code in other source files and modules. This feature enables you to hide the implementation details of your code, and to specify a preferred interface through which that code can be accessed and used.
You can assign specific access levels to individual types (classes, structures, and enumerations), as well as to properties, methods, initializers, and subscripts belonging to those types. Protocols can be restricted to a certain context, as can global constants, variables, and functions.
In addition to offering various levels of access control, Swift reduces the need to specify explicit access control levels by providing default access levels for typical scenarios. Indeed, if you are writing a single-target app, you may not need to specify explicit access control levels at all.
Modules and Source Files
Swift’s access control model is based on the concept of modules and source files.
A module is a single unit of code distribution—a framework or application that is built and shipped as a single unit and that can be imported by another module with Swift’s import
keyword.
Each build target (such as an app bundle or framework) in Xcode is treated as a separate module in Swift. If you group together aspects of your app’s code as a stand-alone framework—perhaps to encapsulate and reuse that code across multiple applications—then everything you define within that framework will be part of a separate module when it’s imported and used within an app, or when it’s used within another framework.
A source file is a single Swift source code file within a module (in effect, a single file within an app or framework). Although it’s common to define individual types in separate source files, a single source file can contain definitions for multiple types, functions, and so on.
Access Levels
Swift provides five different access levels for entities within your code. These access levels are relative to the source file in which an entity is defined, and also relative to the module that source file belongs to.
Open access and public access enable entities to be used within any source file from their defining module, and also in a source file from another module that imports the defining module. You typically use open or public access when specifying the public interface to a framework. The difference between open and public access is described below.
Internal access enables entities to be used within any source file from their defining module, but not in any source file outside of that module. You typically use internal access when defining an app’s or a framework’s internal structure.
File-private access restricts the use of an entity to its own defining source file. Use file-private access to hide the implementation details of a specific piece of functionality when those details are used within an entire file.
Private access restricts the use of an entity to the enclosing declaration, and to extensions of that declaration that are in the same file. Use private access to hide the implementation details of a specific piece of functionality when those details are used only within a single declaration.
Open access is the highest (least restrictive) access level and private access is the lowest (most restrictive) access level.
Open access applies only to classes and class members, and it differs from public access as follows:
Classes with public access, or any more restrictive access level, can be subclassed only within the module where they’re defined.
Class members with public access, or any more restrictive access level, can be overridden by subclasses only within the module where they’re defined.
Open classes can be subclassed within the module where they’re defined, and within any module that imports the module where they’re defined.
Open class members can be overridden by subclasses within the module where they’re defined, and within any module that imports the module where they’re defined.
Marking a class as open explicitly indicates that you’ve considered the impact of code from other modules using that class as a superclass, and that you’ve designed your class’s code accordingly.
Guiding Principle of Access Levels
Access levels in Swift follow an overall guiding principle: No entity can be defined in terms of another entity that has a lower (more restrictive) access level.
For example:
A public variable can’t be defined as having an internal, file-private, or private type, because the type might not be available everywhere that the public variable is used.
A function can’t have a higher access level than its parameter types and return type, because the function could be used in situations where its constituent types are unavailable to the surrounding code.
The specific implications of this guiding principle for different aspects of the language are covered in detail below.
Default Access Levels
All entities in your code (with a few specific exceptions, as described later in this chapter) have a default access level of internal if you don’t specify an explicit access level yourself. As a result, in many cases you don’t need to specify an explicit access level in your code.
Access Levels for Single-Target Apps
When you write a simple single-target app, the code in your app is typically self-contained within the app and doesn’t need to be made available outside of the app’s module. The default access level of internal already matches this requirement. Therefore, you don’t need to specify a custom access level. You may, however, want to mark some parts of your code as file private or private in order to hide their implementation details from other code within the app’s module.
Access Levels for Frameworks
When you develop a framework, mark the public-facing interface to that framework as open or public so that it can be viewed and accessed by other modules, such as an app that imports the framework. This public-facing interface is the application programming interface (or API) for the framework.
Access Levels for Unit Test Targets
When you write an app with a unit test target, the code in your app needs to be made available to that module in order to be tested. By default, only entities marked as open or public are accessible to other modules. However, a unit test target can access any internal entity, if you mark the import declaration for a product module with the @testable
attribute and compile that product module with testing enabled.
Access Control Syntax
Define the access level for an entity by placing one of the open
, public
, internal
, fileprivate
, or private
modifiers before the entity’s introducer:
public class SomePublicClass {}
internal class SomeInternalClass {}
fileprivate class SomeFilePrivateClass {}
private class SomePrivateClass {}
public var somePublicVariable = 0
internal let someInternalConstant = 0
fileprivate func someFilePrivateFunction() {}
private func somePrivateFunction() {}
Unless otherwise specified, the default access level is internal, as described in Default Access Levels. This means that SomeInternalClass
and someInternalConstant
can be written without an explicit access-level modifier, and will still have an access level of internal:
class SomeInternalClass {} // implicitly internal
let someInternalConstant = 0 // implicitly internal
Custom Types
If you want to specify an explicit access level for a custom type, do so at the point that you define the type. The new type can then be used wherever its access level permits. For example, if you define a file-private class, that class can only be used as the type of a property, or as a function parameter or return type, in the source file in which the file-private class is defined.
The access control level of a type also affects the default access level of that type’s members (its properties, methods, initializers, and subscripts). If you define a type’s access level as private or file private, the default access level of its members will also be private or file private. If you define a type’s access level as internal or public (or use the default access level of internal without specifying an access level explicitly), the default access level of the type’s members will be internal.
public class SomePublicClass { // explicitly public class
public var somePublicProperty = 0 // explicitly public class member
var someInternalProperty = 0 // implicitly internal class member
fileprivate func someFilePrivateMethod() {} // explicitly file-private class member
private func somePrivateMethod() {} // explicitly private class member
}
class SomeInternalClass { // implicitly internal class
var someInternalProperty = 0 // implicitly internal class member
fileprivate func someFilePrivateMethod() {} // explicitly file-private class member
private func somePrivateMethod() {} // explicitly private class member
}
fileprivate class SomeFilePrivateClass { // explicitly file-private class
func someFilePrivateMethod() {} // implicitly file-private class member
private func somePrivateMethod() {} // explicitly private class member
}
private class SomePrivateClass { // explicitly private class
func somePrivateMethod() {} // implicitly private class member
}
Tuple Types
The access level for a tuple type is the most restrictive access level of all types used in that tuple. For example, if you compose a tuple from two different types, one with internal access and one with private access, the access level for that compound tuple type will be private.
Function Types
The access level for a function type is calculated as the most restrictive access level of the function’s parameter types and return type. You must specify the access level explicitly as part of the function’s definition if the function’s calculated access level doesn’t match the contextual default.
The example below defines a global function called someFunction()
, without providing a specific access-level modifier for the function itself. You might expect this function to have the default access level of “internal”, but this isn’t the case. In fact, someFunction()
won’t compile as written below:
func someFunction() -> (SomeInternalClass, SomePrivateClass) {
// function implementation goes here
}
The function’s return type is a tuple type composed from two of the custom classes defined above in Custom Types. One of these classes was defined as “internal”, and the other was defined as “private”. Therefore, the overall access level of the compound tuple type is “private” (the minimum access level of the tuple’s constituent types).
Because the function’s return type is private, you must mark the function’s overall access level with the private
modifier for the function declaration to be valid:
private func someFunction() -> (SomeInternalClass, SomePrivateClass) {
// function implementation goes here
}
It’s not valid to mark the definition of someFunction()
with the public
or internal
modifiers, or to use the default setting of internal, because public or internal users of the function might not have appropriate access to the private class used in the function’s return type.
Enumeration Types
The individual cases of an enumeration automatically receive the same access level as the enumeration they belong to. You can’t specify a different access level for individual enumeration cases.
In the example below, the CompassPoint
enumeration has an explicit access level of “public”. The enumeration cases north
, south
, east
, and west
therefore also have an access level of “public”:
public enum CompassPoint {
case north
case south
case east
case west
}
Raw Values and Associated Values
The types used for any raw values or associated values in an enumeration definition must have an access level at least as high as the enumeration’s access level. You can’t use a private
type as the raw-value type of an enumeration with an internal
access level, for example.
Nested Types
Nested types defined within a private type have an automatic access level of private. Nested types defined within a file-private type have an automatic access level of file private. Nested types defined within a public type or an internal type have an automatic access level of internal. If you want a nested type within a public type to be publicly available, you must explicitly declare the nested type as public.
Subclassing
You can subclass any class that can be accessed in the current access context. A subclass can’t have a higher access level than its superclass—for example, you can’t write a public subclass of an internal superclass.
In addition, you can override any class member (method, property, initializer, or subscript) that is visible in a certain access context.
An override can make an inherited class member more accessible than its superclass version. In the example below, class A
is a public class with a file-private method called someMethod()
. Class B
is a subclass of A
, with a reduced access level of “internal”. Nonetheless, class B
provides an override of someMethod()
with an access level of “internal”, which is higher than the original implementation of someMethod()
:
public class A {
fileprivate func someMethod() {}
}
internal class B: A {
override internal func someMethod() {}
}
It’s even valid for a subclass member to call a superclass member that has lower access permissions than the subclass member, as long as the call to the superclass’s member takes place within an allowed access level context (that is, within the same source file as the superclass for a file-private member call, or within the same module as the superclass for an internal member call):
public class A {
fileprivate func someMethod() {}
}
internal class B: A {
override internal func someMethod() {
super.someMethod()
}
}
Because superclass A
and subclass B
are defined in the same source file, it’s valid for the B
implementation of someMethod()
to call super.someMethod()
.
Constants, Variables, Properties, and Subscripts
A constant, variable, or property can’t be more public than its type. It’s not valid to write a public property with a private type, for example. Similarly, a subscript can’t be more public than either its index type or return type.
If a constant, variable, property, or subscript makes use of a private type, the constant, variable, property, or subscript must also be marked as private
:
private var privateInstance = SomePrivateClass()
Getters and Setters
Getters and setters for constants, variables, properties, and subscripts automatically receive the same access level as the constant, variable, property, or subscript they belong to.
You can give a setter a lower access level than its corresponding getter, to restrict the read-write scope of that variable, property, or subscript. You assign a lower access level by writing fileprivate(set)
, private(set)
, or internal(set)
before the var
or subscript
introducer.
The example below defines a structure called TrackedString
, which keeps track of the number of times a string property is modified:
struct TrackedString {
private(set) var numberOfEdits = 0
var value: String = "" {
didSet {
numberOfEdits += 1
}
}
}
The TrackedString
structure defines a stored string property called value
, with an initial value of ""
(an empty string). The structure also defines a stored integer property called numberOfEdits
, which is used to track the number of times that value
is modified. This modification tracking is implemented with a didSet
property observer on the value
property, which increments numberOfEdits
every time the value
property is set to a new value.
The TrackedString
structure and the value
property don’t provide an explicit access-level modifier, and so they both receive the default access level of internal. However, the access level for the numberOfEdits
property is marked with a private(set)
modifier to indicate that the property’s getter still has the default access level of internal, but the property is settable only from within code that’s part of the TrackedString
structure. This enables TrackedString
to modify the numberOfEdits
property internally, but to present the property as a read-only property when it’s used outside the structure’s definition.
If you create a TrackedString
instance and modify its string value a few times, you can see the numberOfEdits
property value update to match the number of modifications:
var stringToEdit = TrackedString()
stringToEdit.value = "This string will be tracked."
stringToEdit.value += " This edit will increment numberOfEdits."
stringToEdit.value += " So will this one."
print("The number of edits is \(stringToEdit.numberOfEdits)")
// Prints "The number of edits is 3"
Although you can query the current value of the numberOfEdits
property from within another source file, you can’t modify the property from another source file. This restriction protects the implementation details of the TrackedString
edit-tracking functionality, while still providing convenient access to an aspect of that functionality.
Note that you can assign an explicit access level for both a getter and a setter if required. The example below shows a version of the TrackedString
structure in which the structure is defined with an explicit access level of public. The structure’s members (including the numberOfEdits
property) therefore have an internal access level by default. You can make the structure’s numberOfEdits
property getter public, and its property setter private, by combining the public
and private(set)
access-level modifiers:
public struct TrackedString {
public private(set) var numberOfEdits = 0
public var value: String = "" {
didSet {
numberOfEdits += 1
}
}
public init() {}
}
Initializers
Custom initializers can be assigned an access level less than or equal to the type that they initialize. The only exception is for required initializers (as defined in Required Initializers). A required initializer must have the same access level as the class it belongs to.
As with function and method parameters, the types of an initializer’s parameters can’t be more private than the initializer’s own access level.
Default Initializers
As described in Default Initializers, Swift automatically provides a default initializer without any arguments for any structure or base class that provides default values for all of its properties and doesn’t provide at least one initializer itself.
A default initializer has the same access level as the type it initializes, unless that type is defined as public
. For a type that is defined as public
, the default initializer is considered internal. If you want a public type to be initializable with a no-argument initializer when used in another module, you must explicitly provide a public no-argument initializer yourself as part of the type’s definition.
Default Memberwise Initializers for Structure Types
The default memberwise initializer for a structure type is considered private if any of the structure’s stored properties are private. Likewise, if any of the structure’s stored properties are file private, the initializer is file private. Otherwise, the initializer has an access level of internal.
As with the default initializer above, if you want a public structure type to be initializable with a memberwise initializer when used in another module, you must provide a public memberwise initializer yourself as part of the type’s definition.
Protocols
If you want to assign an explicit access level to a protocol type, do so at the point that you define the protocol. This enables you to create protocols that can only be adopted within a certain access context.
The access level of each requirement within a protocol definition is automatically set to the same access level as the protocol. You can’t set a protocol requirement to a different access level than the protocol it supports. This ensures that all of the protocol’s requirements will be visible on any type that adopts the protocol.
Protocol Inheritance
If you define a new protocol that inherits from an existing protocol, the new protocol can have at most the same access level as the protocol it inherits from. You can’t write a public protocol that inherits from an internal protocol, for example.
Protocol Conformance
A type can conform to a protocol with a lower access level than the type itself. For example, you can define a public type that can be used in other modules, but whose conformance to an internal protocol can only be used within the internal protocol’s defining module.
The context in which a type conforms to a particular protocol is the minimum of the type’s access level and the protocol’s access level. If a type is public, but a protocol it conforms to is internal, the type’s conformance to that protocol is also internal.
When you write or extend a type to conform to a protocol, you must ensure that the type’s implementation of each protocol requirement has at least the same access level as the type’s conformance to that protocol. For example, if a public type conforms to an internal protocol, the type’s implementation of each protocol requirement must be at least “internal”.
Extensions
You can extend a class, structure, or enumeration in any access context in which the class, structure, or enumeration is available. Any type members added in an extension have the same default access level as type members declared in the original type being extended. If you extend a public or internal type, any new type members you add have a default access level of internal. If you extend a file-private type, any new type members you add have a default access level of file private. If you extend a private type, any new type members you add have a default access level of private.
Alternatively, you can mark an extension with an explicit access-level modifier (for example, private extension
) to set a new default access level for all members defined within the extension. This new default can still be overridden within the extension for individual type members.
You can’t provide an explicit access-level modifier for an extension if you’re using that extension to add protocol conformance. Instead, the protocol’s own access level is used to provide the default access level for each protocol requirement implementation within the extension.
Private Members in Extensions
Extensions that are in the same file as the class, structure, or enumeration that they extend behave as if the code in the extension had been written as part of the original type’s declaration. As a result, you can:
Declare a private member in the original declaration, and access that member from extensions in the same file.
Declare a private member in one extension, and access that member from another extension in the same file.
Declare a private member in an extension, and access that member from the original declaration in the same file.
This behavior means you can use extensions in the same way to organize your code, whether or not your types have private entities. For example, given the following simple protocol:
protocol SomeProtocol {
func doSomething()
}
You can use an extension to add protocol conformance, like this:
struct SomeStruct {
private var privateVariable = 12
}
extension SomeStruct: SomeProtocol {
func doSomething() {
print(privateVariable)
}
}
Generics
The access level for a generic type or generic function is the minimum of the access level of the generic type or function itself and the access level of any type constraints on its type parameters.
Type Aliases
Any type aliases you define are treated as distinct types for the purposes of access control. A type alias can have an access level less than or equal to the access level of the type it aliases. For example, a private type alias can alias a private, file-private, internal, public, or open type, but a public type alias can’t alias an internal, file-private, or private type.
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This study gives you the option to share your data in 2 ways:
1- Share broadly with the research world: You can choose to share your coded study data with qualified researchers worldwide for use in this research and beyond. Coded study data is data that does not include personal information such as your name or email. Qualified researchers are registered users of Synapse who have agreed to use the data in an ethical manner for research purposes, and have agreed to not attempt to re-identify you. If you choose to share your coded study data, the coded data will be added to a shared dataset available to qualified researchers on the Sage Bionetworks Synapse servers. (www.synapse.org). Institution will have no oversight on the future research that qualified researchers may conduct with the coded study data.
2- Share with Institution and its partners only: You can choose to share your study data only with the study team and its partners. The study team includes the sponsor of the research and any other researchers or partners named in the consent document. Sharing your data only with Institution means that your data will not be made available to anyone other than those listed in the consent document and for the purposes of this study only.
If required by law, your data (study data and account information), and the signed consent form may be disclosed to:
The results of this research study may be presented at meetings or in publications. If the results of this study are made public, only coded study data will be used, that is, your personal information will not be disclosed.
You can change the data sharing setting though the app preference at anytime. For additional information review the study website Sharethejourneyapp.org


Active Message ID Allocation in TinyOS 2.1
| TEP: | 135 |
| Group: | Network Protocol Working Group |
| Type: | Informational |
| Status: |
Draft |
| TinyOS-Version: | 2.1 |
| Author: |
Omprakash Gnawali |
| Draft-Created: | 19-June-2008 |
| Draft-Version: | 1.3 |
| Draft-Modified: | 2008-06-24 |
| Draft-Discuss: | TinyOS Developer List <tinyos-devel at mail.millennium.berkeley.edu> |
Note
This memo documents a part of TinyOS for the TinyOS Community, and
requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Distribution
of this memo is unlimited. This memo is in full compliance with
[TEP_1] and [TEP_4].
TinyOS network protocols use allocated Active Message Type [TEP_116]
to prevent AM ID conflict between different protocols. [TEP_4]
describes how AM IDs are allocated for a TinyOS network protocol. In
this TEP, we document the AM ID allocations in TinyOS 2.1.
The unreserved pool is in the range 128-255 (0x80-0xFF). Applications
distributed with TinyOS use AM IDs in this range. Protocols and
applications in contrib as well as those developed by the community
but not included in the distribution or contrib SHOULD use AM IDs in
this range.
The reserved pool is in the range 0-127 (0x00-0x7F). The AM IDs in
this range are used by protocols distributed with TinyOS.
Here is a list of allocations for TinyOS 2.1:
* 0x70 - 0x75 are reserved for collection protocols [TEP_119]_
maintained by the Network Protocol Working Group.
For CTP (''tos/lib/net/ctp'') [TEP_123]_ and LEEP [TEP_124]_
0x70 - AM_CTP_ROUTING CTP (Routing beacon)
0x71 - AM_CTP_DATA CTP (Data packets)
0x72 - AM_CTP_DEBUG CTP (Debug messages)
For MultiHopLQI (''tos/lib/net/lqi'')
0x73 - AM_LQI_BEACON_MSG (Routing beacon)
0x74 - AM_LQI_DATA_MSG MultiHopLQI (Data packets)
0x75 - AM_LQI_DEBUG MultiHopLQI (Debug messages)
* 0x60 - 0x62 are reserved for dissemination protocols [TEP_118]_
maintained by the Network Protocol Working Group.
For Drip (''tos/lib/net/drip'')
0x60 - AM_DISSEMINATION_MESSAGE
0x61 - AM_DISSEMINATION_PROBE_MESSAGE
For DIP (''tos/lib/net/dip'')
0x62 - AM_DIP
* 0x50 - 0x54 are reserved for Deluge (''tos/lib/net/Deluge'')
maintained by the Network Protocol Working Group.
0x50 - AM_DELUGEADVMSG (Advertisements)
0x51 - AM_DELUGEREQMSG (Requests)
0x52 - AM_DELUGEDATAMSG (Data)
0x53 - DELUGE_AM_FLASH_VOL_MANAGER (Flash volume manager)
0x54 - DELUGE_AM_DELUGE_MANAGER (Deluge manger)
* 0x3E - AM_TIMESYNCMSG for FTSP (''tos/lib/ftsp'') reserved by the
Core Working Group.
* 0x3F - TinyOS NALP code [TEP_125]_ reserved by the Core Working
Group.
Omprakash Gnawali
Ronald Tutor Hall (RTH) 418
3710 S. McClintock Avenue
Los Angeles, CA 90089
phone - +1<PHONE_NUMBER>
| [TEP_1] | TEP 1: TEP Structure and Keywords |
| [TEP_4] | (1, 2) TEP 4: Active Message ID Allocation for Network Protocols and Applications |
| [TEP_118] | TEP 118: Dissemination of Small Values |
| [TEP_123] | TEP 123: The Collection Tree Protocol (CTP) |
| [TEP_124] | TEP 124: The Link Estimation Exchange Protocol (LEEP) |


{% extends "registration/base.html" %} {% block content %}
This will send you an email with a link to finish resetting your password


 Eius, nemo!
-Jane Doe
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eius, nemo!
-Paul Jackson
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eius, nemo!
-Jessica Davies
Contact
Name
Email
Message


|
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| PREV PACKAGE NEXT PACKAGE | FRAMES NO FRAMES |
See:
Description
| Interface Summary | |
|---|---|
| SigarProxy | The proxyable interface for caching via SigarProxyCache. |
| Class Summary | |
|---|---|
| Cpu | Cpu sigar class. |
| CpuInfo | CpuInfo sigar class. |
| CpuPerc | CPU percentage usage |
| CpuTimer | |
| CurrentProcessSummary | Deprecated. |
| DirStat | DirStat sigar class. |
| DirUsage | DirUsage sigar class. |
| DiskUsage | DiskUsage sigar class. |
| FileAttrs | FileAttrs sigar class. |
| FileInfo | |
| FileSystem | FileSystem sigar class. |
| FileSystemMap | Helper class to build a map of mounted file systems. |
| FileSystemUsage | FileSystemUsage sigar class. |
| FileTail | |
| FileWatcher | |
| FileWatcherThread | |
| Humidor | The Humidor provides access to a single Sigar instance. |
| Mem | Mem sigar class. |
| MultiProcCpu | Provide multi process cpu metrics. |
| MultiProcMem | |
| NetConnection | NetConnection sigar class. |
| NetFlags | Flag constants for network related ops. |
| NetInfo | NetInfo sigar class. |
| NetInterfaceConfig | NetInterfaceConfig sigar class. |
| NetInterfaceStat | NetInterfaceStat sigar class. |
| NetRoute | NetRoute sigar class. |
| NetServices | Deprecated. |
| NetStat | |
| NfsClientV2 | NfsClientV2 sigar class. |
| NfsClientV3 | NfsClientV3 sigar class. |
| NfsFileSystem | |
| NfsServerV2 | NfsServerV2 sigar class. |
| NfsServerV3 | NfsServerV3 sigar class. |
| OperatingSystem | |
| ProcCpu | ProcCpu sigar class. |
| ProcCred | ProcCred sigar class. |
| ProcCredName | ProcCredName sigar class. |
| ProcExe | ProcExe sigar class. |
| ProcFd | ProcFd sigar class. |
| ProcFileMirror | |
| ProcMem | ProcMem sigar class. |
| ProcStat | ProcStat sigar class. |
| ProcState | ProcState sigar class. |
| ProcTime | ProcTime sigar class. |
| ProcUtil | |
| ResourceLimit | ResourceLimit sigar class. |
| RPC | |
| Sigar | The Sigar class provides access to the sigar objects containing system information. |
| SigarInvoker | This class provides a string-ish interface to sigar. |
| SigarLoader | |
| SigarLog | |
| SigarProxyCache | This class implements a caching mechanism to avoid system calls with heavy Sigar usage in a short period of time. |
| SudoFileInputStream | InputStream wrapper for 'sudo cat filename' |
| Swap | Swap sigar class. |
| SysInfo | SysInfo sigar class. |
| Tcp | Tcp sigar class. |
| ThreadCpu | ThreadCpu sigar class. |
| Uptime | Uptime sigar class. |
| Who | Who sigar class. |
| Exception Summary | |
|---|---|
| NfsUnreachableException | |
| SigarException | Sigar base exception class. |
| SigarFileNotFoundException | |
| SigarNotImplementedException | Sigar exception class, thrown for methods which are not implemented on a given platform. |
| SigarPermissionDeniedException |
Sigar - System Information Gatherer And Reporter
|
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| PREV PACKAGE NEXT PACKAGE | FRAMES NO FRAMES |


public interface ILocalizationProvider
Strings
. It offers a method
getString(String)
for getting locale-sensitive Strings
based
on a key. ILocalizationListener
objects can register (and unregister) to
receive notifications when localization has been changed.| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
void |
addLocalizationListener(ILocalizationListener l)
Registers an
ILocalizationListener to this subject. |
java.lang.String |
getCurrentLanguage()
Returns the current language.
|
java.lang.String |
getString(java.lang.String key)
Returns a locale-sensitive
String based on current localization
setting and given key . |
void |
removeLocalizationListener(ILocalizationListener l)
Removes the given
ILocalizationListener from this subject. |
void addLocalizationListener(ILocalizationListener l)
ILocalizationListener
to this subject.l
- listener to registervoid removeLocalizationListener(ILocalizationListener l)
ILocalizationListener
from this subject.l
- listener to removejava.lang.String getString(java.lang.String key)
String
based on current localization
setting and given key
.key
- key for identifying a unique String
String
java.lang.String getCurrentLanguage()


{% extends "soc/models/edit.html" %} {% comment %} Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. {% endcomment %} {% load forms_helpers %} {% block scripts %} {{ block.super }} {% endblock %} {# cannot add an id for the main form with inheritance #} {% block body %}
{# TODO: check if can be changed to div #}
{% block instructions %} Please use this form to edit the {{ entity_type }}. {% endblock %}
{% if error_message %}


Enjoy Ad-free HD music for 1 months.
Enjoy Ad-free HD music for 3 months.
Listen Offline, HD Music, Go Ad-Free, Connect upto 5 Devices, and much more.


Apply a function line-by-line to a connection,
such as an open file connection. This allows
simple processing without loading the entire
file to memory, something like the common
for line in file: ...
approach in python.
by_line(connection, FUN, STOP, safe = TRUE, max_lines = 0, ...)
| connection | an open connection, such as a
text connection as created by |
|---|---|
| FUN | a function to apply to each line that can be read from the connection |
| STOP | a function to generate a stop condition for reading lines of the connection |
| safe | auto-stop iteraction on reaching an empty line in the connection (attempts to prevent infinite loops) |
| ... | extra arguments passed to |
not_run({ file <- file("myfile.txt", "r") # use with for automatic connection closing with(file, { # read and print each line sequentially by_line(file, print) }) # stop reading after finding the word 'stop' connex <- file("logfile.txt", "r") by_line(connex, cat, function(line) grepl(line, "stop")) close(connex) })


{% set suppress_feedback = true %} {% extends '_layouts/layout.html' %} {% block page_title %}{% endblock %} {% block body_css_classes %}nhsuk-frontend{% endblock %} {% block content %}
If you’re on public transport, go home by the most direct route. Stay at least 2 metres away from people if you can.
If you’re away from home:
To protect yourself and others, do not go to a GP, pharmacy or hospital
You should keep yourself separate from others in your household (self-isolate) until you have been spoken to 111. Read more details about self-isolation.
Make sure you select the option to speak to someone. Tell them you are calling about possible coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms.
The phone service will be very busy but you must wait until you get through.


#include <stdlib.h>
#include "auth_internal.h"
Go to the source code of this file.
|
| int | auth_utils_compute_signature_s (unsigned char *sig, auth_ctx_t *session, unsigned char *hash) |
| | Function that signes data with private key. More...
|
| |
| int | auth_utils_verify_signature (unsigned char *sig, unsigned char *public_key, unsigned char *hash) |
| | Function that verifies signed date with public key. More...
|
| |
| int | auth_utils_dh_generate_keys (auth_ctx_t *session) |
| | Function that generates Diffie-Hellman private and public keys. More...
|
| |
| int | auth_utils_dh_compute_secret_k (auth_ctx_t *session, const unsigned char *public_key) |
| |
| int | auth_utils_compute_session_identifier_h (unsigned char *exchange_hash, unsigned char *vc, unsigned char *vs, unsigned char *k, unsigned char *c_public, unsigned char *s_public, unsigned char *secretK) |
| |
| int | auth_utils_generate_enc_auth_keys (unsigned char *hash, unsigned char *shared_secret_K, unsigned char *shared_H, char magic_letter) |
| |
| int | auth_utils_concatenate_strings (unsigned char *concatenatedString, unsigned char *str1, int str1_l, unsigned char *str2, int str2_l) |
| | Function that takes two strings and concatenates them. More...
|
| |
| int | auth_utils_read (auth_ctx_t *session, unsigned char **msg, unsigned short *message_length) |
| |
| int | auth_utils_write (auth_ctx_t *session, const unsigned char *msg, unsigned short message_length) |
| |
| int | auth_utils_set_option (auth_ctx_t *session, const char *key, unsigned char *value) |
| | Function that writes messages. More...
|
| |
◆ auth_utils_compute_session_identifier_h()
| int auth_utils_compute_session_identifier_h |
( |
unsigned char * |
exchange_hash, |
|
|
unsigned char * |
vc, |
|
|
unsigned char * |
vs, |
|
|
unsigned char * |
k, |
|
|
unsigned char * |
c_public, |
|
|
unsigned char * |
s_public, |
|
|
unsigned char * |
secretK |
|
) |
| |
◆ auth_utils_compute_signature_s()
| int auth_utils_compute_signature_s |
( |
unsigned char * |
sig, |
|
|
auth_ctx_t * |
session, |
|
|
unsigned char * |
hash |
|
) |
| |
Function that signes data with private key.
- Parameters
-
| sig | Result of signing function |
| session | Data structure that contains session related information |
| hash | Computed hash h for signing |
- Returns
- 0 if it succeeds, 1 if it fails.
◆ auth_utils_concatenate_strings()
| int auth_utils_concatenate_strings |
( |
unsigned char * |
concatenatedString, |
|
|
unsigned char * |
str1, |
|
|
int |
str1_l, |
|
|
unsigned char * |
str2, |
|
|
int |
str2_l |
|
) |
| |
Function that takes two strings and concatenates them.
- Parameters
-
| concatenatedString | Concatinated string |
| str1 | First string to be concatenated |
| str1_l | First string length |
| str2 | Second string to be concatenated |
| str2_l | Second string length |
- Returns
- 0 if it succeeds, 1 if it fails.
◆ auth_utils_dh_compute_secret_k()
| int auth_utils_dh_compute_secret_k |
( |
auth_ctx_t * |
session, |
|
|
const unsigned char * |
public_key |
|
) |
| |
◆ auth_utils_dh_generate_keys()
| int auth_utils_dh_generate_keys |
( |
auth_ctx_t * |
session | ) |
|
Function that generates Diffie-Hellman private and public keys.
- Parameters
-
| session | Data structure that contain private and public Diffie-Hellman keys |
- Returns
- 0 if it succeeds, 1 if it fails.
◆ auth_utils_generate_enc_auth_keys()
| int auth_utils_generate_enc_auth_keys |
( |
unsigned char * |
hash, |
|
|
unsigned char * |
shared_secret_K, |
|
|
unsigned char * |
shared_H, |
|
|
char |
magic_letter |
|
) |
| |
◆ auth_utils_read()
| int auth_utils_read |
( |
auth_ctx_t * |
session, |
|
|
unsigned char ** |
msg, |
|
|
unsigned short * |
message_length |
|
) |
| |
◆ auth_utils_set_option()
| int auth_utils_set_option |
( |
auth_ctx_t * |
session, |
|
|
const char * |
key, |
|
|
unsigned char * |
value |
|
) |
| |
Function that writes messages.
- Parameters
-
| session | Data structure that contain session related data |
| key | Option to be set |
| value | Value for the option |
- Returns
- 0 if it succeeds, 1 if it fails.
◆ auth_utils_verify_signature()
| int auth_utils_verify_signature |
( |
unsigned char * |
sig, |
|
|
unsigned char * |
public_key, |
|
|
unsigned char * |
hash |
|
) |
| |
Function that verifies signed date with public key.
- Parameters
-
| sig | Signature to be verified |
| public_key | Public key for signature verification |
| hash | Computed hash h for signing |
- Returns
- 0 if it succeeds, 1 if it fails.
◆ auth_utils_write()
| int auth_utils_write |
( |
auth_ctx_t * |
session, |
|
|
const unsigned char * |
msg, |
|
|
unsigned short |
message_length |
|
) |
| |


Exploring the neighborhoods of New York City
Neighborhood data was adapted from nyc.gov,
OpenStreetMap,
Wikipedia,
Google Maps, and contributors like you.
All neighborhood boundaries are subject to debate.
The neighborhood summaries were crafted from careful research. Some information may be out of date.
To report errors, please contact the maintainer.


coral parrotfish reef model rate fishing human dynamics social growth population reefs macroalgae-free state conservation parameter ecosystem \documentclass[pt]{minimal} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-pt} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \usepackage{wasysym} baseline Caribbean equilibrium models {border-style cover maximal opinion (Fig. px;} #ffffff;} corals sufficiently live algal norms parameters utility values assisted behaviour macroalgae macroalgal possible socio-ecological unassisted coupled death effect influence trajectory However, caribbean decline ecosystems marine proportion protected range rate, sensitivity Mumby able density equilibrium, equilibrium. high interactions mortality rates recovery resilience strength time various (). Blackwood Coral areas based catastrophic change conservationism ecosystem. initial instance, learning populations px; support systems turf value {font-family Bauch complete dynamic dynamical efforts equation exploitation explore font-size governed held include individuals injunctive low mathematical nonlinear potential pressure stressors − complex conditions conservationism, cover. double; effects fixed given grazing healthy higher impact increase levels modelling observed order protect reefs, regime, regimes represent represents series species stabilizes term use values, (the ..). Anand Nature Proceedings Sciences Table awareness bleaching border-color border-width capture climate conservation. coupling different dominant ecological effective feedback fish function grazers long model, model. need norms, predict promote protection regime relative research solid; stabilizing supplementary used zooxanthellae {font-style {font-weight σ = . ./s--- Alternatively, Commons Convergence Corals Creative Figure Hence, Let MFE-A Model Time antillarum article assistance, assumed bistable bold by: cause causes changes combination common conservation, constant converges converging courier; current dead despite developing differential does dynamics, em; exceeds extended factors fisheries follow future generated growth, help human-environment included including increasing information long-term low, maintain material multiple natural new overgrowth period plane previous primary protectors pt;} public reefs. reefs: represented response results similar stimulated strategies sustainable s = . values. varying


A brief history of my ‘work music’
Or rather: a history of what I’ve worked on over the years through the music I was listening to at the time.
2011: Live Forever — Oasis
These were the heady days of youthful exuberance, when any idea seemed like it was worth pursuing — all the world’s problems could be solved with code, y’know? — and the internet was new, exciting, and as yet relatively uncommercialised. I was going through a major Britpop phase and this anthem seemed to best capture the spirit of the age.
My favourite member of the band was obviously Guigsy, the bassist.
Maybe you’re the same as me
We see things they’ll never see
You and I are gonna live forever
There were no limits back then, no wary old voice at the back of your head saying “someone must’ve written a library for this before”, or “if this is worth anything Google would’ve done it already”. Bus route finders and blog aggregators just sprung up, with hopelessly naive yet somehow (barely) functioning code that got the job done.
2012: A Certain Romance — Arctic Monkeys
My final year of uni was happening, and there was a real chance of me failing.
In retrospect, this might’ve been an overreaction to the statement by a lecturer that last year’s batch had done awfully, and half had flunked their finals.  No chances were hence taken, and no quarter given. From the end of the day’s lecturers right up until 8 PM when the library closed down, I would be in there studying. Every. Single. Day.
There were some perks. Pretty librarians, and even prettier girls. Nothing (obviously) came of it, but I got introduced to a lot of good music: Hendrix, Clapton, and the Monkeys from Sheffield. I still consider their debut album — chronicling a night out clubbing— one of the finest ever crafted. Alex Turner was barely 20 at the time.
Alex ❤
Well over there, there’s friends of mine
What can I say? I’ve known ’em for a long long time
And yeah they might overstep the line
But I just cannot get angry in the same way
Not in the same way
Oh, and I passed. :)
2017: Don’t Stop — Fleetwood Mac
Was it even a break up if you didn’t listen to Rumours by Fleetwood Mac at least 6 times?
I was trudging through my second job like a British tax inspector through a cold thunderstorm. The project I was working through had been through 6 weeks of hell and back — all to deliver a product that would’ve taken n number of weeks in half the time, all because it had been sold to the client as something that could be done.
Everyone involved in that sales pitch had disappeared, and a team of mostly greenhorns had to spend late nights and weekends, clocking up 100-hour weeks for this impossible goal. There was a week where I had spent 6 midnights in a row at the office. We’d go home at 2 AM (on a good day) and be back at work at 9 AM for the morning client call with the team in Brisbane.
As 2017 ended, and I spent Christmas ‘holidays’ in an empty office working, my mind was set on quitting as soon as possible. The only thing keeping me going were the breakup songs playing through my tinny headset.
Everyone needs some of that coke in their lives.
If you wake up and don’t want to smile
If it takes just a little while
Open your eyes and look at the day
You’ll see things in a different wayDon’t stop thinking about tomorrow
Don’t stop, it’ll soon be here
It’ll be, better than before
Yesterday’s gone, yesterday’s gone
2018: Renu Renu — Rookantha Gunathilake
2018 was an year of catharsis in many ways. I was able to leave my second job and transition to my third, work with a group of people whom I enjoy being around, and work at my own pace. I listen to a lot of Rookantha and Synthwave these days, when I need to get deep work done and block out the distractions of the co-working space we operate out of.
Renu Renu is the 7th track from Roo’s seminal 1988 release Bambara Pahasa. With such evergreen hits like the title track, the patriotic anthem Indunil Gangulel, Sithin Sina Sisi (one of my favourite love songs ever), Anatha Maruthe, Suwanda Dena Mal Wane and Lande Mula Wee, the Bambara Pahasa cassette (which I grew up listening to) marked a high point in the Sri Lankan popular music industry.
One year later, its greatest ever songwriter Premakeerthi de Alwis was killed in the midst of an extremely gruesome war between Marxist insurgents and government death squads that were ready to match and amplify the savagery, marking the start of a slow but steady decline in both the commercial reach and the artistic achievements of the industry.
As for the work itself — it isn’t the most exciting in the world. I’m no longer working with the latest cutting-edge tech and writing code in a language that came out 6 months ago and Babel transpiles into 16 different varieties of Javascript, but sometimes boring is good.
This beautiful track is like 3-songs-in-one. Also, Rupavahini should bring back Saxophonists in naval suits.
රේණු රේණු මල් මිටේ රේණු
ඈට පෙම් කරන්න මට බෑලු
රන් සමනල තටු මට ලැබෙන්නෙ නෑලු
රොන් පිරී සැලෙන්න මල් රේණුසඳවත දෝ මා දුටුවේ
ඔබෙ ගත දෝ මා දුටුවේ
සිතුවම් දෝ මා දුටුවේ
හැබැහින් දෝ ඔබ දුටුවේ
Greatest Sri Lankan album cover design ever?


This is when the faire was called the Utah Valley Renaissance Faire and it was the opening year for the event. It was held at Mt. Timpanogos Park in the Provo Canyon.
This was our first year at Electric Park at Thanksgiving Point. The event was still named the Utah Valley Renaissance Faire. This was the first year with jousting! It rained a bit but we still had a great turn out.
Second time at Electric Park at Thanksgiving Point. Officially changed the name to Utah Renaissance Faire. It rained again, but we had lots of fun!
Fire, Knights and Pirates. Oh my! See 2014 Utah Renaissance Faire.
The faire within a faire.
King Olaf knights a young man.
Third time at Electric Park at Thanksgiving Point. Hot sunny weather and an amazing turn out!
Photo credits: Rudy van Bree
Photo credits: Artisan Maskers
Photo credits: Marv White. These are pictures of the Armored Combat League: USA Knights.
Video credit: Heather Ostler


My name is Taylor Smith.
I play several instruments including guitar and drums.
My favorite color is purple.
I like Netflix.


Back a long while ago I was a bed-wetter. In the fourth grade I had to go on a field trip and so my parents had me go to the doctor to get Vasopressin in the form of a nasal spray.
It worked well as I remember. Except that is the cool part. I remember so much from that night and the few days after. I remember things that were carved in the wood of the bunk bed. I remember some kid fell out of a top bunk. Some other kid named Robbie started hallucinating little cars driving on his bed they called his parents and sent him home. Turns out he had scarlet fever. I remember everything I did the following day.
Anyways, why do I remember such detail? This drug works, that is why. Btw I am twenty now and do not remember such great detail about most of my childhood.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% include 'header.html' %} {% block content %}
SMARTSHOP.com is an online shop under development,
it is a shop where customers can register their details,
update them if they wish to,place orders on various electronic products like smartphones, brwatches and many other elctronic devices.
Welcome! our esteemed customer.


Preparation time
30 mins to 1 hour
Cooking time
1 to 2 hours
Serves
Serves 8-10
Dietary
Rich chocolate cake is layered with gooey coffee and chestnut mousse and coated with soft meringue. A gloriously decadent treat.
For the chocolate cake, preheat the oven to 180C/350F/Gas 4. Lightly grease and line the base of a 25cm/10in loose-bottomed cake tin.
Whisk the eggs and sugar together in a bowl for 4-5 minutes, or until thick and pale.
Sift the flour and cocoa powder into a separate bowl then gently fold them into the egg and sugar mixture until just combined and stir in the melted butter.
Spoon the mixture into the cake tin, lightly smoothing over the top. Place the tin onto a baking sheet and bake in the oven for 35 minutes, or until the cake has risen and is springy to the touch. Remove from the oven, allow to cool briefly then turn out onto a wire rack to cool completely.
For the coffee mousse, place the cream, coffee and icing sugar into a bowl and whisk to soft peaks.
Beat the mascarpone in a bowl until very smooth then fold the cream mixture into the mascarpone until just combined.
For the chestnut mousse, place the mascarpone and chestnut purée into a small processor and blend until smooth.
Whip the double cream until soft peaks form then fold in the chestnut mixture until just combined.
For the Italian meringue, place the sugar and water into a pan and slowly bring to the boil until the syrup reaches 110C/230F on a sugar thermometer.
At this stage, whisk the egg whites in the bowl of an electric mixer until firm peaks form when the whisk is removed.
Continue heating the sugar syrup and as soon as it reaches 121C/250F remove the pan from the heat.
Immediately resume whisking the egg whites with the beater at its lowest speed then pour in the sugar syrup in a steady stream. (CAUTION: Ensure the syrup is clear of the beaters to prevent it being splashed on your hands.)
Continue beating for about five minutes or until the meringue is tepid.
To assemble, cut the chocolate cake horizontally into five pieces, placing the bottom piece onto the serving plate.
Spoon over 1-2 tbsp of the brandy then spread over half the coffee mousse then scatter over a quarter of the crumbled meringue nests.
Place another piece of sponge on top, sprinkle with another 1-2 tbsp brandy then spread with half the chestnut mousse another quarter of the meringue.
Repeat these layers, finishing with a layer of sponge.
Spread the Italian meringue over the sides and top of the sponge stack, forking the meringue to make little peaks.
Using a blow torch, glaze the meringue until just golden-brown and garnish with holly.


|
||||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
@Deprecated public interface CloudStackClient
Provides synchronous access to CloudStack.
CloudStackAsyncClient
,
| Method Summary | |
|---|---|
AccountClient |
getAccountClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to Account features. |
AddressClient |
getAddressClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to Address features. |
AsyncJobClient |
getAsyncJobClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to AsyncJob features. |
ConfigurationClient |
getConfigurationClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to Configuration features. |
EventClient |
getEventClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to Events |
FirewallClient |
getFirewallClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to Firewall features. |
GuestOSClient |
getGuestOSClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to GuestOS features. |
HypervisorClient |
getHypervisorClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to Hypervisor features. |
ISOClient |
getISOClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to ISOs |
LimitClient |
getLimitClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to Resource Limits |
LoadBalancerClient |
getLoadBalancerClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to LoadBalancer features. |
NATClient |
getNATClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to NAT features. |
NetworkClient |
getNetworkClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to Network features. |
OfferingClient |
getOfferingClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to Service, Disk, and Network Offering features. |
SecurityGroupClient |
getSecurityGroupClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to SecurityGroup features. |
SessionClient |
getSessionClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to Sessions |
SnapshotClient |
getSnapshotClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to Snapshots |
SSHKeyPairClient |
getSSHKeyPairClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to SSH Keypairs |
TemplateClient |
getTemplateClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to Template features. |
VirtualMachineClient |
getVirtualMachineClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to VirtualMachine features. |
VMGroupClient |
getVMGroupClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to VM groups |
VolumeClient |
getVolumeClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to Volumes |
ZoneClient |
getZoneClient()
Deprecated. Provides synchronous access to Zone features. |
| Method Detail |
|---|
ZoneClient getZoneClient()
TemplateClient getTemplateClient()
OfferingClient getOfferingClient()
NetworkClient getNetworkClient()
VirtualMachineClient getVirtualMachineClient()
SecurityGroupClient getSecurityGroupClient()
AsyncJobClient getAsyncJobClient()
AddressClient getAddressClient()
NATClient getNATClient()
FirewallClient getFirewallClient()
LoadBalancerClient getLoadBalancerClient()
GuestOSClient getGuestOSClient()
HypervisorClient getHypervisorClient()
ConfigurationClient getConfigurationClient()
AccountClient getAccountClient()
SSHKeyPairClient getSSHKeyPairClient()
VMGroupClient getVMGroupClient()
EventClient getEventClient()
LimitClient getLimitClient()
ISOClient getISOClient()
VolumeClient getVolumeClient()
SnapshotClient getSnapshotClient()
SessionClient getSessionClient()
|
||||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |


Add A New Book
Name
Author
Year
Book List
you don't know js
Author :
Amr Naga
year of publication :
2018
Delete
don't make me think
Author :
Amr Naga
year of publication :
2015
Delete


Symbollic Logic
by Lewis Carroll
“Book 3: Chapter 4”
Additional Information
- Year Published: 1896
- Language: English
- Country of Origin: United States of America
- Source: Carroll, L. (1896). Symbollic Logic. New York; Macmillan & Co.
-
Readability:
- Flesch–Kincaid Level: 10.5
- Word Count: 1,721
- Genre: Informational
- Keywords: math history, mathematics
- ✎ Cite This
Downloads
CHAPTER IV.
INTERPRETATION OF BILITERAL DIAGRAM, WHEN MARKED WITH COUNTERS.
The Diagram is supposed to be set before us, with certain Counters placed upon it; and the problem is to find out what Proposition, or Propositions, the Counters represent.
As the process is simply the reverse of that discussed in the previous Chapter, we can avail ourselves of the results there obtained, as far as they go.
-------
First, let us suppose that we find a Red Counter |(1)| |
placed in the North-West Cell. |---|---|
| | |
-------
We know that this represent each the Trio of equivalent Propositions
“Some xy exist” = “Some x are y” = “Some y are x”.
Similarly we may interpret a Red Counter, when placed in the North-East, or South-West, or South-East Cell.
-------
Next, let us suppose that we find a Grey Counter |( )| |
placed in the North-West Cell. |---|---|
| | |
-------
We know that this represents each of the Trio of equivalent Propositions
“No xy exist” = “No x are y” = “No y are x”.
Similarly we may interpret a Grey Counter, when placed in the North-East, or Sount-West, or South-East Cell.
-------
Next, let us suppose that we find a Red Counter | (1) |
placed on the partition which divides the North Half. |---|---|
| | |
-------
We know that this represents the Proposition “Some x exist.”
Similarly we may interpret a Red Counter, when placed on the partition which divides the South, or West or East Half.
-------
Next, let us suppose that we find two Red Counters |(1)|(1)|
placed in the North Half, one in each Cell. |---|---|
| | |
-------
We know that this represents the Double Proposition “Some x are y and some are y’”.
Similarly we may interpret two Red Counters, when placed in the South, or West, or East Half.
-------
Next, let us suppose that we find two Grey Counters |( )|( )|
placed in the North Half, one in each Cell. |---|---|
| | |
-------
We know that this represents the Proposition “No x exist”.
Similarly we may interpret two Grey Counters, when placed in the South, or West, or East Half.
-------
Lastly, let us suppose that we find a Red and a Grey |(1)|( )|
Counter placed in the North Half, the Red in the |---|---|
North-West Cell, and the Grey in the North-East Cell. | | |
-------
We know that this represents the Proposition, “All x are y”.
[Note that the Half, occupied by the two Counters, settles what is to be the Subject of the Proposition, and that the Cell, occupied by the Red Counter, settles what is to be its Predi- cate.]
Similarly we may interpret a Red and a Grey counter, when placed in any one of the seven similar positions
Red in North-East, Grey in North-West;
Red in South-West, Grey in South-East;
Red in South-East, Grey in South-West;
Red in North-West, Grey in South-West;
Red in South-West, Grey in North-West;
Red in North-East, Grey in South-East;
Red in South-East, Grey in North-East,
Once more the genial friend must be appealed to, and re- quested to examine the Reader on Tables II and III, and to make him not only represent Propositions, but also interpret Diagrams when marked with Counters.
The Questions and Answers should be like this:–
Q. Represent “No x’ are y’.”
A. Grey Counter in S.E. Cell.
Q. Interpret Red Counter on E. partition.
A. “Some y’ exist.”
Q. Represent “All y’ are x.”
A. Red in N.E. Cell; Grey in S.E.
Q. Interpret Grey Counter in S.W. Cell.
A. “No x’y exist” = “No x’ are y” = “No y are x’”. &c., &c.
At first the Examinee will need to have the Board and Counters before him; but he will soon learn to dispense with these, and to answer with his eyes shut or gazing into vacancy.


--- layout: post title: OpenID Ends 2009 With 1 Billion Users date: 2009-12-16 22:54:53 -06:00 comments: true categories: posterous_id: 8774724 --- I really need to get on this band wagon.
At the close of a whiz-bang year, OpenID has a lot to be proud of.
With a community of 9 million sites that use OpenID logins and 1 billion individual users, OpenID has effectively revolutionized the way we are able to create and maintain portable identities. Best of all, it's not just bloggers and geeks who sang OpenID's praises: The U.S. federal government got on board this year, too.
OpenID accounts are enabled by such providers as AOL, Blogger, Flickr, Google, LiveJournal, MySpace, Verisign, WordPress and Yahoo with announcements of upcoming OpenIDs from Microsoft and PayPal. Sites that allow users to login with OpenID range from major retailers and music labels to news organizations and social sites.
As for the government, at the Gov 2.0 Summit in Washington, DC, earlier this year, the General Services Administration and several government agencies announced they would adopt OpenID as part of the White House's Open Government Initiative. Participating companies included Yahoo!, PayPal, Google, Equifax, AOL, VeriSign, Acxiom, Citi, Privo and Wave Systems. On the government side is the Center for Information Technology (CIT), National Institutes of Health (NIH), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), and related agencies.
Not only is the government's involvement a vote of confidence for OpenID's innovation; it also speaks to the product's security progress, which was spearheaded by security committee head and PayPal exec Andrew Nash.
In addition to developing and spreading the OpenID product, there's also the OpenID Foundation, which appointed its first executive committee, including Chris Messina and Don Thibeau, in 2009.
Portable identity is one of our favorite themes from this year, and we applaud what OpenID has been able to accomplish. What do you look forward to seeing from the product, the foundation and OpenID partner sites in the year to come? Let us know your thoughts in the comments.
Discuss


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| Top |
| gboolean | always-show-image | Read / Write / Construct |
| GtkWidget * | image | Read / Write |
| GtkPositionType | image-position | Read / Write |
| gchar * | label | Read / Write / Construct |
| GtkReliefStyle | relief | Read / Write |
| gboolean | use-stock | Read / Write / Construct |
| gboolean | use-underline | Read / Write / Construct |
| gfloat | xalign | Read / Write |
| gfloat | yalign | Read / Write |
| gint | child-displacement-x | Read |
| gint | child-displacement-y | Read |
| GtkBorder * | default-border | Read |
| GtkBorder * | default-outside-border | Read |
| gboolean | displace-focus | Read |
| gint | image-spacing | Read |
| GtkBorder * | inner-border | Read |
GObject ╰── GInitiallyUnowned ╰── GtkWidget ╰── GtkContainer ╰── GtkBin ╰── GtkButton ├── GtkToggleButton ├── GtkColorButton ├── GtkFontButton ├── GtkLinkButton ├── GtkLockButton ├── GtkModelButton ╰── GtkScaleButton
GtkButton implements AtkImplementorIface, GtkBuildable, GtkActionable and GtkActivatable.
The GtkButton widget is generally used to trigger a callback function that is called when the button is pressed. The various signals and how to use them are outlined below.
The GtkButton widget can hold any valid child widget. That is, it can hold almost any other standard GtkWidget. The most commonly used child is the GtkLabel.
GtkButton has a single CSS node with name button. The node will get the style classes .image-button or .text-button, if the content is just an image or label, respectively. It may also receive the .flat style class.
Other style classes that are commonly used with GtkButton include .suggested-action and .destructive-action. In special cases, buttons can be made round by adding the .circular style class.
Button-like widgets like GtkToggleButton, GtkMenuButton, GtkVolumeButton, GtkLockButton, GtkColorButton, GtkFontButton or GtkFileChooserButton use style classes such as .toggle, .popup, .scale, .lock, .color, .font, .file to differentiate themselves from a plain GtkButton.
GtkWidget *
gtk_button_new (void
);
Creates a new GtkButton widget. To add a child widget to the button,
use gtk_container_add()
.
GtkWidget *
gtk_button_new_with_label (const gchar *label
);
Creates a GtkButton widget with a GtkLabel child containing the given text.
GtkWidget *
gtk_button_new_with_mnemonic (const gchar *label
);
Creates a new GtkButton containing a label.
If characters in label
are preceded by an underscore, they are underlined.
If you need a literal underscore character in a label, use “__” (two
underscores). The first underlined character represents a keyboard
accelerator called a mnemonic.
Pressing Alt and that key activates the button.
GtkWidget * gtk_button_new_from_icon_name (const gchar *icon_name
,GtkIconSize size
);
Creates a new button containing an icon from the current icon theme.
If the icon name isn’t known, a “broken image” icon will be displayed instead. If the current icon theme is changed, the icon will be updated appropriately.
This function is a convenience wrapper around gtk_button_new()
and
gtk_button_set_image()
.
Since: 3.10
GtkWidget *
gtk_button_new_from_stock (const gchar *stock_id
);
gtk_button_new_from_stock
has been deprecated since version 3.10 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Use gtk_button_new_with_label()
instead.
Creates a new GtkButton containing the image and text from a stock item. Some stock ids have preprocessor macros like GTK_STOCK_OK and GTK_STOCK_APPLY.
If stock_id
is unknown, then it will be treated as a mnemonic
label (as for gtk_button_new_with_mnemonic()
).
void
gtk_button_pressed (GtkButton *button
);
gtk_button_pressed
has been deprecated since version 2.20 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Use the “button-press-event” signal.
void
gtk_button_released (GtkButton *button
);
gtk_button_released
has been deprecated since version 2.20 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Use the “button-release-event” signal.
Emits a “released” signal to the given GtkButton.
void
gtk_button_enter (GtkButton *button
);
gtk_button_enter
has been deprecated since version 2.20 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Use the “enter-notify-event” signal.
void
gtk_button_leave (GtkButton *button
);
gtk_button_leave
has been deprecated since version 2.20 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Use the “leave-notify-event” signal.
void gtk_button_set_relief (GtkButton *button
,GtkReliefStyle relief
);
Sets the relief style of the edges of the given GtkButton widget.
Two styles exist, GTK_RELIEF_NORMAL
and GTK_RELIEF_NONE
.
The default style is, as one can guess, GTK_RELIEF_NORMAL
.
The deprecated value GTK_RELIEF_HALF
behaves the same as
GTK_RELIEF_NORMAL
.
button |
The GtkButton you want to set relief styles of |
|
relief |
The GtkReliefStyle as described above |
GtkReliefStyle
gtk_button_get_relief (GtkButton *button
);
Returns the current relief style of the given GtkButton.
const gchar *
gtk_button_get_label (GtkButton *button
);
Fetches the text from the label of the button, as set by
gtk_button_set_label()
. If the label text has not
been set the return value will be NULL
. This will be the
case if you create an empty button with gtk_button_new()
to
use as a container.
void gtk_button_set_label (GtkButton *button
,const gchar *label
);
Sets the text of the label of the button to str
. This text is
also used to select the stock item if gtk_button_set_use_stock()
is used.
This will also clear any previously set labels.
gboolean
gtk_button_get_use_stock (GtkButton *button
);
gtk_button_get_use_stock
has been deprecated since version 3.10 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Returns whether the button label is a stock item.
TRUE
if the button label is used to
select a stock item instead of being
used directly as the label text.
void gtk_button_set_use_stock (GtkButton *button
,gboolean use_stock
);
gtk_button_set_use_stock
has been deprecated since version 3.10 and should not be used in newly-written code.
If TRUE
, the label set on the button is used as a
stock id to select the stock item for the button.
gboolean
gtk_button_get_use_underline (GtkButton *button
);
Returns whether an embedded underline in the button label indicates a
mnemonic. See gtk_button_set_use_underline()
.
void gtk_button_set_use_underline (GtkButton *button
,gboolean use_underline
);
If true, an underline in the text of the button label indicates the next character should be used for the mnemonic accelerator key.
void gtk_button_set_focus_on_click (GtkButton *button
,gboolean focus_on_click
);
gtk_button_set_focus_on_click
has been deprecated since version 3.20 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Use gtk_widget_set_focus_on_click()
instead
Sets whether the button will grab focus when it is clicked with the mouse. Making mouse clicks not grab focus is useful in places like toolbars where you don’t want the keyboard focus removed from the main area of the application.
Since: 2.4
gboolean
gtk_button_get_focus_on_click (GtkButton *button
);
gtk_button_get_focus_on_click
has been deprecated since version 3.20 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Use gtk_widget_get_focus_on_click()
instead
Returns whether the button grabs focus when it is clicked with the mouse.
See gtk_button_set_focus_on_click()
.
Since: 2.4
void gtk_button_set_alignment (GtkButton *button
,gfloat xalign
,gfloat yalign
);
gtk_button_set_alignment
has been deprecated since version 3.14 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Access the child widget directly if you need to control its alignment.
Sets the alignment of the child. This property has no effect unless the child is a GtkMisc or a GtkAlignment.
button |
||
xalign |
the horizontal position of the child, 0.0 is left aligned, 1.0 is right aligned |
|
yalign |
the vertical position of the child, 0.0 is top aligned, 1.0 is bottom aligned |
Since: 2.4
void gtk_button_get_alignment (GtkButton *button
,gfloat *xalign
,gfloat *yalign
);
gtk_button_get_alignment
has been deprecated since version 3.14 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Access the child widget directly if you need to control its alignment.
Gets the alignment of the child in the button.
button |
||
xalign |
return location for horizontal alignment. |
[out] |
yalign |
return location for vertical alignment. |
[out] |
Since: 2.4
void gtk_button_set_image (GtkButton *button
,GtkWidget *image
);
Set the image of button
to the given widget. The image will be
displayed if the label text is NULL
or if
“always-show-image” is TRUE
.
Since: 2.6
GtkWidget *
gtk_button_get_image (GtkButton *button
);
Gets the widget that is currenty set as the image of button
.
This may have been explicitly set by gtk_button_set_image()
or constructed by gtk_button_new_from_stock()
.
Since: 2.6
void gtk_button_set_image_position (GtkButton *button
,GtkPositionType position
);
Sets the position of the image relative to the text inside the button.
Since: 2.10
GtkPositionType
gtk_button_get_image_position (GtkButton *button
);
Gets the position of the image relative to the text inside the button.
Since: 2.10
void gtk_button_set_always_show_image (GtkButton *button
,gboolean always_show
);
If TRUE
, the button will ignore the “gtk-button-images”
setting and always show the image, if available.
Use this property if the button would be useless or hard to use without the image.
Since: 3.6
gboolean
gtk_button_get_always_show_image (GtkButton *button
);
Returns whether the button will ignore the “gtk-button-images” setting and always show the image, if available.
Since: 3.6
struct GtkButtonClass { GtkBinClass parent_class; void (* pressed) (GtkButton *button); void (* released) (GtkButton *button); void (* clicked) (GtkButton *button); void (* enter) (GtkButton *button); void (* leave) (GtkButton *button); void (* activate) (GtkButton *button); };
Signal emitted when the button is pressed. Deprecated: 2.8. |
||
Signal emitted when the button is released. Deprecated: 2.8. |
||
Signal emitted when the button has been activated (pressed and released). |
||
Signal emitted when the pointer enters the button. Deprecated: 2.8. |
||
Signal emitted when the pointer leaves the button. Deprecated: 2.8. |
||
Signal that causes the button to animate press then
release. Applications should never connect to this signal, but use
the |
“always-show-image”
property“always-show-image” gboolean
If TRUE
, the button will ignore the “gtk-button-images”
setting and always show the image, if available.
Use this property if the button would be useless or hard to use without the image.
Flags: Read / Write / Construct
Default value: FALSE
Since: 3.6
“image”
property“image” GtkWidget *
The child widget to appear next to the button text.
Flags: Read / Write
Since: 2.6
“image-position”
property“image-position” GtkPositionType
The position of the image relative to the text inside the button.
Flags: Read / Write
Default value: GTK_POS_LEFT
Since: 2.10
“label”
property“label” gchar *
Text of the label widget inside the button, if the button contains a label widget.
Flags: Read / Write / Construct
Default value: NULL
“relief”
property“relief” GtkReliefStyle
The border relief style.
Flags: Read / Write
Default value: GTK_RELIEF_NORMAL
“use-stock”
property“use-stock” gboolean
If set, the label is used to pick a stock item instead of being displayed.
GtkButton:use-stock
has been deprecated since version 3.10 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Flags: Read / Write / Construct
Default value: FALSE
“use-underline”
property“use-underline” gboolean
If set, an underline in the text indicates the next character should be used for the mnemonic accelerator key.
Flags: Read / Write / Construct
Default value: FALSE
“xalign”
property“xalign” gfloat
If the child of the button is a GtkMisc or GtkAlignment, this property can be used to control its horizontal alignment. 0.0 is left aligned, 1.0 is right aligned.
GtkButton:xalign
has been deprecated since version 3.14 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Access the child widget directly if you need to control its alignment.
Flags: Read / Write
Allowed values: [0,1]
Default value: 0.5
Since: 2.4
“yalign”
property“yalign” gfloat
If the child of the button is a GtkMisc or GtkAlignment, this property can be used to control its vertical alignment. 0.0 is top aligned, 1.0 is bottom aligned.
GtkButton:yalign
has been deprecated since version 3.14 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Access the child widget directly if you need to control its alignment.
Flags: Read / Write
Allowed values: [0,1]
Default value: 0.5
Since: 2.4
“child-displacement-x”
style property“child-displacement-x” gint
How far in the x direction to move the child when the button is depressed.
GtkButton:child-displacement-x
has been deprecated since version 3.20 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Use CSS margins and padding instead; the value of this style property is ignored.
Flags: Read
Default value: 0
“child-displacement-y”
style property“child-displacement-y” gint
How far in the y direction to move the child when the button is depressed.
GtkButton:child-displacement-y
has been deprecated since version 3.20 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Use CSS margins and padding instead; the value of this style property is ignored.
Flags: Read
Default value: 0
“default-border”
style property“default-border” GtkBorder *
The "default-border" style property defines the extra space to add
around a button that can become the default widget of its window.
For more information about default widgets, see gtk_widget_grab_default()
.
GtkButton:default-border
has been deprecated since version 3.14 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Use CSS margins and padding instead; the value of this style property is ignored.
Flags: Read
“default-outside-border”
style property“default-outside-border” GtkBorder *
The "default-outside-border" style property defines the extra outside
space to add around a button that can become the default widget of its
window. Extra outside space is always drawn outside the button border.
For more information about default widgets, see gtk_widget_grab_default()
.
GtkButton:default-outside-border
has been deprecated since version 3.14 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Use CSS margins and padding instead; the value of this style property is ignored.
Flags: Read
“displace-focus”
style property“displace-focus” gboolean
Whether the child_displacement_x/child_displacement_y properties should also affect the focus rectangle.
GtkButton:displace-focus
has been deprecated since version 3.20 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Use CSS margins and padding instead; the value of this style property is ignored.
Flags: Read
Default value: FALSE
Since: 2.6
“image-spacing”
style property“image-spacing” gint
Spacing in pixels between the image and label.
Flags: Read
Allowed values: >= 0
Default value: 2
“inner-border”
style property“inner-border” GtkBorder *
Sets the border between the button edges and child.
GtkButton:inner-border
has been deprecated since version 3.4 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Use the standard border and padding CSS properties; the value of this style property is ignored.
Flags: Read
Since: 2.10
“activate”
signalvoid user_function (GtkButton *widget, gpointer user_data)
The ::activate signal on GtkButton is an action signal and emitting it causes the button to animate press then release. Applications should never connect to this signal, but use the “clicked” signal.
widget |
the object which received the signal. |
|
user_data |
user data set when the signal handler was connected. |
Flags: Action
“clicked”
signalvoid user_function (GtkButton *button, gpointer user_data)
Emitted when the button has been activated (pressed and released).
button |
the object that received the signal |
|
user_data |
user data set when the signal handler was connected. |
Flags: Action
“enter”
signalvoid user_function (GtkButton *button, gpointer user_data)
Emitted when the pointer enters the button.
GtkButton::enter
has been deprecated since version 2.8 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Use the “enter-notify-event” signal.
button |
the object that received the signal |
|
user_data |
user data set when the signal handler was connected. |
Flags: Run First
“leave”
signalvoid user_function (GtkButton *button, gpointer user_data)
Emitted when the pointer leaves the button.
GtkButton::leave
has been deprecated since version 2.8 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Use the “leave-notify-event” signal.
button |
the object that received the signal |
|
user_data |
user data set when the signal handler was connected. |
Flags: Run First
“pressed”
signalvoid user_function (GtkButton *button, gpointer user_data)
Emitted when the button is pressed.
GtkButton::pressed
has been deprecated since version 2.8 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Use the “button-press-event” signal.
button |
the object that received the signal |
|
user_data |
user data set when the signal handler was connected. |
Flags: Run First
“released”
signalvoid user_function (GtkButton *button, gpointer user_data)
Emitted when the button is released.
GtkButton::released
has been deprecated since version 2.8 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Use the “button-release-event” signal.
button |
the object that received the signal |
|
user_data |
user data set when the signal handler was connected. |
Flags: Run First


Daily cannabis use lowers odds of using illicit opioids among people who have chronic pain
| Source: | University of British Columbia |
| Summary: | For those using illicit opioids to manage their chronic pain, cannabis may be a beneficial — and a less dangerous — alternative, according to new research. |
For those using illicit opioids to manage their chronic pain, cannabis may be a beneficial — and a less dangerous — alternative, according to new research from the BC Centre on Substance Use (BCCSU).
Researchers from the BCCSU and University of British Columbia (UBC) interviewed more than 1,100 people at highest risk of opioid overdose in Vancouver between 2014 and 2017 who reported substance use and major or chronic pain. They found that daily cannabis use was associated with significantly lower odds of daily illicit opioid use, suggesting people are replacing opioids with cannabis to manage their pain.
The study was published today in a special issue of PLOS Medicine on substance dependence.
"These findings, in combination with past research, again demonstrate that people are using cannabis to help manage many different conditions, including pain. And in some cases, they're using cannabis in place of opioids," says senior author Dr. M-J Milloy, a research scientist at BCCSU and the Canopy Growth professor of cannabis science at UBC. "In the midst of an ongoing public health emergency caused by opioid overdose deaths, the results suggest that increasing access to cannabis for therapeutic purposes could help curb overdose risk associated with illicit opioid use."
Results from a statistical model showed that people who used cannabis every day had nearly 50 per cent lower odds of using illicit opioids every day compared to cannabis non-users, whereas people who reported occasional use of cannabis were neither more nor less likely than non-users to use illicit opioids on a daily basis.
Researchers further found that there may be an intentional therapeutic element associated with at least daily cannabis use. For instance, daily users were significantly more likely than occasional users to report a number of therapeutic uses of cannabis, including addressing pain, stress, nausea, mental health, and symptoms of HIV or side effects of HIV antiretroviral therapy, or improving sleep.
The findings suggest that some people who use drugs and who are experiencing pain might be using cannabis as an ad-hoc, self-directed strategy to reduce the frequency of opioid use.
"These findings point to a need to design formal clinical evaluations of cannabis-based strategies for pain management, opioid use disorder treatment supports, and wider harm reduction initiatives," says Stephanie Lake, a PhD candidate at UBC's school of population and public health, and the lead author of the study.
Milloy is currently planning controlled trials to evaluate whether cannabis could help people with opioid use disorder stay on their treatment and serve as a substitute to opioid use.
make a difference: sponsored opportunity
Story Source:
Materials provided by University of British Columbia.
Note: Content may be edited for style and length.
Journal Reference:
- Stephanie Lake, Zach Walsh, Thomas Kerr, Ziva D. Cooper, Jane Buxton, Evan Wood, Mark A. Ware, M. J. Milloy. Frequency of cannabis and illicit opioid use among people who use drugs and report chronic pain: A longitudinal analysis. PLOS Medicine, 2019; 16 (11): e1002967 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002967
Cite This Page:
| MLA | University of British Columbia. "Daily cannabis use lowers odds of using illicit opioids among people who have chronic pain." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 19 November 2019. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/11/191119141233.htm>. |
| APA | University of British Columbia. (2019, November 19). Daily cannabis use lowers odds of using illicit opioids among people who have chronic pain. ScienceDaily. Retrieved November 22, 2019 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/11/191119141233.htm |
| Chicago | University of British Columbia. "Daily cannabis use lowers odds of using illicit opioids among people who have chronic pain." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/11/191119141233.htm (accessed November 22, 2019). |


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Units¶
Not yet implemented – a preliminary idea for how to handle actual unit conversion. (Currently, we only do s to Hz during FT and order of magnitude prefixes when plotting.)
- class pyspecdata.units.units(*args)¶
Each instance of this object stores a numerical representation of a single set of units, and there are routines to set units by (i.e.
parsing
) strings to units and routines to convert units to anstr
representation.At its core, the units are represented by three numpy structured arrays per instance: one for the coefficients in terms of base units, one for the order of magnitude used to determine any prefixes added to the base units, and one for any scaling factors needed to convert to base units.
An array of these structured arrays can be converted into a row vector with
.view((float16,len(base_dtype.names)))
. “Base Units” here are the same as SI base units except that it uses g instead of kg (so we can do the prefixes correctly), and we have added rad.- load_derived()¶
Parses and loads a series of definitions for derived units.
It uses definition list to determine a derived dtype vector, which is larger than the base dtype vector.
Then, (not yet done), based on the dictionary that this generates, it will generate a matrix that converts from the derived dtype vector to the base dtype vector.
- parse(in_str, verbose=True)¶
Take in_str and parse it as a unit or series of units, and set the units associated with the current instance to the result.
Addition, subtraction, and parentheses are not allowed, and we define a non-standard order of operations, as follows:
\\mu
(including a trailing space) andu
are converted to the utf-8 equivalent (μ)...^-0.125
any number is assumed to be part of the exponent, and only numbers are allowed.*
multiplicationa space also represents multiplication
.../...
comes after all other operations, as is typical for single-line textsqrt(...)
comes “last” in the sense that we take care of everything both inside and outside the sqrt first, before applying the sqrt.
At this point, I use split to break up according to the order of operations, assign powers to each, and determine the prefix. However, I’m currently only using base units, and I will eventually want to use derived units as well.
- str(number, using_unicode=False)¶
Give a string that prints number, which has the units given by the current instance of the class. Choose the simplest possible expression for the units.
When printing, we have a matrix that give all our “representation” units, and we use a pseudoinverse to give us the simplest possible expression of our units. (This is assuming that all derived units are defined in terms of powers greater than or equal to 1 of the base units, because powers of magnitude less than 1 would complicate things by allowing us to reduce the norm by spreading across several derived units – in that case, we might want to add a threshold before taking the pinv.)
Currently, I am only giving a method for printing in the base units.
Also, I will want to use number in order to adjust the prefix(es) of the units.


"P.S. For several decades now, Alya has been a French writer, famous for her prose and the poems dedicated to her."


{% extends 'backstage/root/manage_competition/base.html' %} {% from 'bootstrap/form.html' import render_form %} {% block competition_content %}
{{ _("Are you sure you want to stop this competition?") }}
{{ _("Are you sure you want to continue this competition?") }}


You know that feeling you get sometimes, when you wake from a fitful sleep and the first thing that pops into your head is “I really must obtain a portrait of ex-Vice President Spiro Agnew, one grown from wheat or maize or some other crop”? It is not always easy to satisfy such a longing, although of course it may not be a longing or a yearning, it may simply be a flash in the pan whim, one which will evaporate once you get out of bed and plunge your head into ice cold water. Indeed, by the time you sit down to your breakfast sausages, the very idea may seem absurd, and you can get on with your day untroubled by such thoughts. For some though, there can be a sense of desperation, an absolute need that must be assuaged. This can be a very debilitating condition.
Luckily, help is at hand, if one is able to divert one's desires from the ex-Vice President to his boss, President Richard Milhous Nixon. All one need do is copy the technique used by Lillian Colton, who won the Blue Ribbon Best In Show at the 1969 Minnesota State Fair with her portrait of Tricky Dicky grown from seeds of timothy, brome grass, canola, and birdsfoot trefoil. How simple is that?


Module: ActiveSupport::Testing::ConstantStubbing
| Relationships & Source Files | |
| Extension / Inclusion / Inheritance Descendants | |
|
Included In:
::ActionCable::Channel::TestCase ,
::ActionCable::Connection::TestCase ,
::ActionCable::TestCase ,
::ActionController::TestCase ,
::ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest ,
::ActionDispatch::SystemTestCase ,
::ActionMailbox::TestCase ,
::ActionMailer::TestCase ,
::ActionView::TestCase ,
::ActiveJob::TestCase ,
::ActiveSupport::TestCase ,
::Rails::Generators::TestCase
| |
| Defined in: | activesupport/lib/active_support/testing/constant_stubbing.rb |
Instance Method Summary
-
#stub_const(mod, constant, new_value)
Changes the value of a constant for the duration of a block.
Instance Method Details
#stub_const(mod, constant, new_value)
Changes the value of a constant for the duration of a block. Example:
# World::List::Import::LARGE_IMPORT_THRESHOLD = 5000
stub_const(World::List::Import, :LARGE_IMPORT_THRESHOLD, 1) do
assert_equal 1, World::List::Import::LARGE_IMPORT_THRESHOLD
end
assert_equal 5000, World::List::Import::LARGE_IMPORT_THRESHOLD
Using this method rather than forcing World::List::Import::LARGE_IMPORT_THRESHOLD = 5000
prevents warnings from being thrown, and ensures that the old value is returned after the test has completed.
Note: Stubbing a const will stub it across all threads. So if you have concurrent threads (like separate test suites running in parallel) that all depend on the same constant, it’s possible divergent stubbing will trample on each other.
# File 'activesupport/lib/active_support/testing/constant_stubbing.rb', line 21
def stub_const(mod, constant, new_value) old_value = mod.const_get(constant, false) mod.send(:remove_const, constant) mod.const_set(constant, new_value) yield ensure mod.send(:remove_const, constant) mod.const_set(constant, old_value) end