The lights were on, and I was setting up the room where I’d have the experience. I took out of sight everything that could disctract me in the room. There was pratically only the bed – no music, no noise. I prepared my whater pipe, put in Salvia enough for 3 good hits. My sitter was my wife, and neither of us had any experience with tha Salvia. I had read a lot about it during the last 2 weeks.
I praied, took the air off of my lungs, and had the first hit, a long hit. When it had passed about 20 secs, I began feeling small shake waves (like a vibration) across my body, from inside out. I tried to tell my wife that “it is cool...”, I could say it, but I realized it was not easy... it was like it was being said by someone else...
Then I remembered that I had read several times that smoking it from regular dried leaves, I would need to inhale more than 1 hit. It was about 25-30 secs after I took it, I exhaled, and without taking any fresh air, I took the 2nd hit.
I can’t remember anything that happened after what was supposed to be the second half of this long hit. I had told my wife, before the experience, that she was supposed to turn off the lights… but she asked me instead (yes, during the trip)… well, I can’t remember any of this, but “my” answer was “no”. She left the lights on.
I can’t say if it would make any difference… because I was not in this world anymore. What was happening is something really difficult to describe. In fact, it is even difficult to recall, because most of what I felt I think is strange to this world.
There was a force pulling me to my right (west)… it was like waves of force, but at minimum strength it was still pulling me. And I wanted to go… in fact, somehow I knew that I wanted to go, it was not a decision, it was just how it was. My movement was not physical, but I was perceiving it as spacial, but in the new “space” I was, and not only to the right, but it was kind of circular… “right” and then “down”… it was very like a clock hand moving from 12 to 1, 2,…. But this direction description is, in fact, not that important…
What I should leave behind to go to where I was being called, oh yes, thas was important. It was my world, all my life, the family, all my “protected ones”. And there was that presence at my right (and up), full of love, the one I was impelled by all my being to go with, and he (I felt him as a he) was sure about what was happening and telling me to “don’t worry, that’s the way it is, let it go… let it go”.
I was full of mixed feelings. There was the love, but there was the fear. It was too hard to let it go. Then some words were coming to my head, like a speech, and I didn’t want to say them, because saying them would be “letting it go”. But then I said (and my wife told I was saying the words, but I was not looking to her… it was to someone else): “ok”, and was going to begin the speech… but right after the “ok” I could feel the movement, and it was so good… I was going… “shut up” … mooove … “let me alone”… and I was moving, and I could see the world very, very down there. And after each move I could see how small our world is in the universe.  And when I say small, it is not about size, it is about significance, about truth, about values. But even under this perspective, it was not easy to let it go, I was leaving behing all my relationships…
Then, suddenly I could see my wife. And only then I realised what was going on: “I smoked Salvia, didn’t I” – I asked my wife. “Yes”, she said, with a peaceful and warm smile in her face. I was so glad she was there!!! Then she told me she would turn the lights off, I agreed, telling her that it was over already… that I was back… and that it was incredible. Weird. She turned the lights off.
I begun telling her about the trip, and this came with reflexion…: I could see that I was not who I thought I was (and to where I’m back now). My world was just one play. But I am real… and others are real… but they are not their playing roles, and nor I was.
My wife told me that I seemed scared, fragmented and disconected. It had took probably around 5 minutes between the begin and the time she turned the lights off. If I’d need to tell how long it took, I wouldn’t know how. One minute? Days? I wouldn’t know.
After that, for at least 2 days, I was in complete peace with myself, and the world around me. It was like I had died and born again. I could see the world through this “new” perspective. In fact, it was not that new for me in belief, but now, I knew it a little bit more by experience. And I could experience it during my life…. I was doing it, or something similar to it.
But I believe that because of the imersion in this ego world reality, it makes it difficult to sustain the new perspactive. The experience is not as present in me as it used to be, altough I’m quite sure my spiritual future is in that direction. I already told my wife that I will need at least 2 more experiences to have a good conclusion on what Salvia represents to me.
My current impression is that Salvia is not for recreation, at all. One must be looking for something, other than fun, when using it; be responsible (always with a sitter); and use of respect… a lot of it. I’d say this plant opens an important door.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


{% load staticfiles %}
LOVE EVERYTHING THAT MAKES ME MORE HUMAN
Living in Kathmandu, NepalStudying at NCIT


--- layout: post title: Testing Cascalog with Midje ---
I've been working on a Cascalog testing suite these past few weeks, an extension to Brian Marick's Midje, that eases much of the pain of testing MapReduce workflows. I think a lot of the dull work we see in the Hadoop community is a direct result of fear. Without proper tests, Hadoop developers can't help but be scared of making changes to production code. When creativity might bring down a workflow, it's easiest to get it working once and leave it alone.
The antidote to all of this fear is a functional testing suite. As I discussed in Getting Creative with MapReduce, Hadoop workflows are difficult to test at all; testing application logic in isolation of data storage is impossible.
Cascalog is free of this weakness. midje-cascalog allows you to test Cascalog queries as pure functions, both in isolation and as components of more complicated workflows. the resulting tests are truly beautiful.
I'll start by introducing midje-cascalog's testing operators, then move on to a Cascalog implementation of Word Count, tests included. You can find all source code from this post on github.
In this section, I'll discuss midje-cascalog's testing operators: fact?-
and fact?<-
. (The syntax mirrors ?-
and ?<-
, Cascalog's query execution operators.) These operators provide the abstractions necessary for testing complex Cascalog workflows. Add them to your namespace by including (:use midje.cascalog)
in the namespace header.
Let's begin by defining a function to test:
(defn mk-inc-query [src] (<- [?a ?b] (src ?a) (inc ?a :> ?b)))
mk-inc-query
accepts a source of 1-tuples and returns a query that generates 2-tuples. To test that mk-inc-query
actually does this, you need to:
mk-inc-query
with tuples and
Each of the following forms uses the fact?-
operator to state a distinct "fact" about our query. fact?-
expects a sequence of result tuples followed by the query tasked with producing them.
These two facts about mk-inc-query
are true, and pass:
;; The query returned by (mk-inc-query [[1]]), ;; when executed, ;; returns a single tuple: [1 2] (fact?- [[1 2]] (mk-inc-query [[1]])) ;; fact is true! ;; The query returned by (mk-inc-query [[1] [10]]), ;; When executed, ;; returns two tuples: [10 11] and [1 2] (fact?- [[10 11] [1 2]] (mk-inc-query [[1] [10]])) ;; fact is true!
This fact is false, and fails:
;; The query returned by (mk-inc-query [[1]]), ;; when executed, ;; returns a single tuple: ["fail!" 10]. (fact?- [["fail!" 10]] (mk-inc-query [[1]])) ;; fact is FALSE!
fact?-
can take multiples pairs of result-tuples and queries:
;; Same as two true facts above. (fact?- [[1 2]] (mk-inc-query [[1]]) [[10 11] [1 2]] (mk-inc-query [[1] [10]])) ;; both facts are true!
Strings are ignored wherever they appear, so feel free to pepper your facts with comments.
(fact?- "These results:" [[1 2]] "Are produced by this query:" (mk-inc-query [[1]])) ;; true
Note that facts don't have to be top level forms. It's perfectly acceptable to wrap facts in let
, if it makes the test clearer:
(let [src [[1]] results [[1 2]]] (fact?- results (mk-inc-query src))) ;; true
Cascalog pipes quite a bit of logging to stdout
. Facts suppress this logging by default, only showing entries with a FATAL log level.
If you want to see more information on fact execution, you customize the log level by placing a keyword at the beginning of your fact:
(fact?- :info [[1 2]] (mk-inc-query [[1]])) ;; true
As of version 0.2.1, midje-cascalog
supports the following log-level keywords, and defaults to :fatal
:
:off :fatal :warn :info :debug
The fact?<-
operator allows you to define a test a query within the same form. The following two facts are equivalent:
(let [src [[1]]] (fact?- [[1 2]] (<- [?a ?b] (src ?a) (inc ?a :> ?b)))) ;; true (let [src [[1]]] (fact?<- [[1 2]] [?a ?b] (src ?a) (inc ?a :> ?b))) ;; true
Where fact?-
is useful for testing full queries and workflows, I find fact?<-
useful mostly for testing how def*op
functions behave inside of queries.
If you want to stub out an unfinished test and prevent it from throwing errors, you can use future-fact?-
, like so:
(future-fact?- "unwritten-query will convert input integer tuples to strings." [["one"] ["two"]] (unwritten-query [[1] [2]])) (let [src [[1] [2]]] (future-fact?<- "num->string is unwritten." [["one"] ["two"]] [?string] (src ?num) (num->string ?string)))
future-fact?-
and future-fact?<-
prevent their forms from being evaluated.
If you include a string at the beginning of a stubbed fact, it shows up in Midje's test report looking like this:
WORK TO DO: unwritten-query will convert input integer tuples to strings. WORK TO DO: num->string is unwritten.
The fact?-
and fact?<-
operators provide the tools necessary to test complex MapReduce workflows as pure functions. Let's expand on these concepts by creating a small project with Cascalog code we'd like to test.
To add midje-cascalog
support to your own project, add these entries to to the :dev-dependencies
vector within project.clj
:
[lein-midje "1.0.3"] [midje-cascalog "0.2.1"]
And add (:use [midje sweet cascalog])
to the namespace declaration of each of your testing namespaces.
Let's begin with an implementation of word count, the typical "Hello World!" of MapReduce. A word counting application must be able to read in any number of textfiles and generate tuples of the form [word, count]
for each distinct word across all files.
The following code accomplishes this nicely. (Bear with me! a detailed discussion follows the code block.)
(ns cascalog.testing-demo.core (:use cascalog.api) (:require [cascalog.ops :as c]) (:gen-class)) (defmapcatop split "Accepts a sentence 1-tuple, splits that sentence on whitespace, and emits a single 1-tuple for each word." [^String sentence] (seq (.split sentence "\\s+"))) (defn wc-query "Returns a subquery that generates counts for every word in the text-files located at `text-path`." [text-path] (let [src (hfs-textline text-path)] (<- [?word ?count] (src ?textline) (split ?textline :> ?word) (c/count ?count)))) (defn -main "Accepts the following arguments: - text-path (path to a textfile, or directory with textfiles) - results-path (location of textfile containing results) And prints lines of the form \"word count\" to a textfile at results-path. Each distinct word in the textfiles at text-path gets a count." [text-path results-path] (?- (hfs-textline results-path) (wc-query text-path)))
The -main
function is the entry point to the word counting program. -main
passes text-path
on to wc-query
, and writes all tuples generated by the returned query to a text file at results-path
.
All of our program's application logic occurs in the query returned by wc-query
; this is the most important function to test. Let's discuss how wc-query
works:
wc-query
is a function that returns a subquery.
hfs-textline
internally to generate a source of ?sentence
tuples.
split
, a Cascalog function that creates words from sentences, like this:
(let [sentence [["two words"]] words [["two"] ["words"]]] (fact?<- "split converts a sentence into words." words [?word] (sentence ?sentence) (split ?sentence :> ?word)))
cascalog.ops/count
function
[?word ?count]
pair.
This logic looks right, but the only way to tell is to write a series of facts and see if they're true.
Let's put our tests in ./test/cascalog/testing_demo/core_test.clj
(mirroring the core.clj
, with _test
tacked on):
(ns cascalog.testing-demo.core-test (:use cascalog.testing-demo.core cascalog.api [midje sweet cascalog]) (:require [cascalog.ops :as c]))
Here's an initial try at a test of wc-query
using fact?-
:
;; /path/to/textfile points to a textfile with a single line: ;; "another another word" (fact?- "wc-query should count words from all lines of text at /path/to/textfile." [["word" 1] ["another" 2]] (wc-query "/path/to/textfile")) ;; FALSE!
This fact fails. Here are a few of its problems:
wc-query
is correct.
hfs-textline
. if hfs-textline
fails, our fact fails.
Testing wc-query in isolation is difficult! How can one test the logic of wc-query-
without regard to how lines of text are stored?
The solution lies in Midje's ability to mock out a function's return values. Midje can hijack hfs-textline
and force it to return anything you choose inside the body of a fact.
Using Midje's provided
form, the above fact passes:
(fact?- "wc-query should count words from all input sentences." [["word" 1] ["another" 2]] (wc-query :path) (provided (hfs-textline :path) => [["another another word"]])) ;; true
This fact states
wc-query
is called with :path
,
["word" 1]
and ["another" 2]
,
(hfs-textline :path)
produces a single tuple: ["another another word"]
.
Here's another true fact about wc-query
that uses multiple input sentences:
(def short-sentences [["this is a sentence sentence"] ["sentence with this is repeated"]]) (def short-wordcounts [["sentence" 3] ["repeated" 1] ["is" 2] ["a" 1] ["this" 2] ["with" 1]]) ;; when =wc-query= is called with =:text-path= ;; it will produce =short-sentences=, ;; provided =(hfs-textline :text-path)= produces =short-wordcounts=. (fact?- short-wordcounts (wc-query :text-path) (provided (hfs-textline :text-path) => short-sentences)) ;; true
A provided
form only applies to the result-query pair directly above. The first fact is false, while the second fact is true:
(let [sentence [["two words"]] results [["two" 1] ["words" 1]]] (fact?- "provided form won't apply here!" results (wc-query :path) ;; false "provided applies here." results (wc-query :path) ;; true (provided (hfs-textline :path) => sentence)))
In the above facts, I used keywords (:path
) as mocking arguments. Any form that evaluates to itself can be used as a mocking argument. In vanilla Clojure, this includes strings, numbers and keywords. Midje adds any symbol surrounded by dots (..path..
, .path.
, etc.) to this mix.
These facts about wc-query
from above are all true, and identical:
(fact?- "Mocking with keywords," [["one" 1]] (wc-query :path) (provided (hfs-textline :path) => [["one"]]) "strings," [["one" 1]] (wc-query "path") (provided (hfs-textline "path") => [["one"]]) "numbers," [["one" 1]] (wc-query 100) (provided (hfs-textline 100) => [["one"]]) "and Midje dotted symbols." [["one" 1]] (wc-query ..path..) (provided (hfs-textline ..path..) => [["one"]]))
As discussed, the provided
form only applies to the result-query pair directly above. This limitation can make for repetitive facts, when each fact depends on a mocked result:
(defn text->words [path] (let [src (hfs-textline path)] (<- [?word] (src ?sentence) (split ?sentence :> ?word) (:distinct false)))) (let [sentence [["two two"]]] (fact?- "text->words cuts text into words." [["two"] ["two"]] (text->words :path) (provided (hfs-textline :path) => sentence) "wc-query converts a sentence into words." [["two" 2]] (wc-query :path) (provided (hfs-textline :path) => sentence)))
Midje allows facts to share mocked functions with against-background
. An against-background
form placed anywhere inside the body of fact?-
will apply to all facts inside the form:
(let [sentence [["two two"]]] (fact?- "text->words cuts text into words." [["two"] ["two"]] (text->words :path) "wc-query converts a sentence into words." [["two" 2]] (wc-query :path) "wc-query fact with difference inputs." [["what" 1] ["a" 1] ["world!" 1]] (wc-query :path) (provided (hfs-textline :path) => [["what a world!"]]) (against-background (hfs-textline :path) => sentence)))
Note that the third of the three above facts used its own provided
form. When the two forms are mixed, provided
takes precedence, shadowing against-background
if need be (as above).
For the next set of facts, let's introduce a larger set of input sentences:
(def longer-sentences [["Call me Ishmael. Some years ago -- never mind how long"] ["precisely -- having little or no money in my purse, and"] ["nothing particular to interest me on shore, I thought I"] ["would sail about a little and see the watery part of the world."]])
One issue with the above facts is that they use very small input sentences. wc-query
will produce a rather large sequence of <word, count>
pairs for a moderate number of input sentences. Facts like this are overwhelming:
(fact?- [["Ishmael." 1] ["Some" 1] ["a" 1] ["about" 1] ["ago" 1] ;; and on and on... ] (wc-query :path) (provided (hfs-textline :path) => longer-sentences))
To solve this, Midje provides a number of collection checkers that provide you with finer control over how queries are compared with result sequences.
just
is the default checker for fact?-
and fact?<-
; bare vectors of tuples resolve to (just result-vec :in-any-order)
. The following three facts are equivalent:
(let [src [[1] [2]] query (<- [?a ?b] (src ?a) (inc ?a :> ?b))] (fact?- "Just form, fully qualified." (just [[2 3] [1 2]] :in-any-order) query ;;true "Wrapping tuples in a set is identical to including the :in-any-order modifier." (just #{[2 3] [1 2]}) query ;; true "midje-cascalog lets us drop these wrappers." [[2 3] [1 2]] query)) ;; true
Each of these facts checks that its subquery returns [2 3]
[1 2]
exclusively, in any order. Any missing or extra tuples in the result vector will cause a failure.
Note that dropping the :in-any-order
modifier (or the set wrapper) will cause facts to fail if ordering doesn't match. This makes sense sometimes when checking against top-n queries, as noted in the discussion below on has-prefix.
The contains
form allows facts to check against a subset of query tuples. By default, contains
requires result tuples to be contiguous and ordered: [1 2]
within [3 4 1 2 1]
, for example.
These restrictions are quite limiting for most Cascalog queries. The following two facts avoid both restrictions:
(fact?- (contains #{["sail" 1] ["Ishmael." 1]} :gaps-ok) (wc-query :path) ;; true (contains [["sail" 1] ["Ishmael." 1]] :gaps-ok :in-any-order) (wc-query :path) ;; true (against-background (hfs-textline :path) => longer-sentences))
The above facts test that both ["sail" 1]
and ["Ishmael." 1]
appear somewhere in the results, in any order.
:in-any-order
keyword, relaxes the ordering restriction.
:gaps-ok
keyword relaxes the restriction that tuples must contiguous.
has-prefix
checks that the supplied tuple sequence appears at the beginning of the query's results. has-prefix
only makes sense with queries that return sorted tuples.
The following fact states that ["--" 2]
, ["I" 2]
and ["and" 2]
, in order, are the three most common words across all words in longer-sentences
:
(fact?- (has-prefix [["--" 2] ["I" 2] ["and" 2]]) (-> (wc-query :path) (c/first-n 10 :sort ["?count"] :reverse true)) (provided (hfs-textline :path) => longer-sentences)) ;; true
has-suffix
checks that the supplied tuple sequence appears at the end of the query's results.
The following fact states that ["world." 1]
, ["would" 1]
and ["years" 2]
, in order, are the last three words (by alphabetical order) across all words in longer-sentences
:
(fact?- (has-suffix [["world." 1] ["would" 1] ["years" 1]]) (-> (wc-query :text-path) (c/first-n 100 :sort ["?word"])) (provided (hfs-textline :text-path) => longer-sentences)) ;; true
As with has-prefix
, facts making use of has-suffix
only make sense when specifically testing tuple ordering.
In certain cases, you might like to test a single query against a wide range of inputs and outputs. This quickly grows repetitive:
(fact?- [["mock" 1] ["it" 1] ["out!" 1]] (wc-query :path) (provided (hfs-textline :path) => [["mock it out!"]]) ;;true [["two" 3]] (wc-query :path) (provided (hfs-textline :path) => [["two two two"]]) ;;true [["M.M" 1] ["nathan" 1]] (wc-query :path) (provided (hfs-textline :path) => [["nathan M.M"]])) ;; true
Gah! against-background
doesn't work here, since these facts mock against different sentences each time.
Midje's tabular
form provides an elegant way to collapse this repetition:
(tabular (fact?- "Tabular generates lots of facts, one for each set of substitutions in the table below." ?results (wc-query :path) (provided (hfs-textline :path) => [[?sentence]])) ?sentence ?results "mock it out!" [["mock" 1] ["it" 1] ["out!" 1]] "two two two" [["two" 3]] "nathan M.M" [["M.M" 1] ["nathan" 1]]) ;; 3 true facts
(This one's a little involved, but the results are really beautiful.)
tabular
accepts three types of arguments:
fact?-
or fact?<-
templating form
?
(?sentence
and ?results
, in the above fact)
and generates a separate fact for every substitution row. It does this by substituting each value into the templating form in place of the header variable at the top of column.
The first fact generated by the above tabular fact looks like this:
(tabular ;; Tabular takes this templating form: (fact?- "Tabular generates lots of facts, one for each set of substitutions in the table below." ?results (wc-query :path) (provided (hfs-textline :path) => [[?sentence]])) ;; and substitutes these variables: ?sentence ?results "mock it out!" [["mock" 1] ["it" 1] ["out!" 1]]) ;; true ;; to produce this fact: (fact?- [["mock" 1] ["it" 1] ["out!" 1]] (wc-query :path) (provided (hfs-textline :path) => [["mock it out!"]])) ;; true
Any variable prefixed by ?
that appears inside both the fact template AND the header variables row is earmarked for substitution. This means that cascalog dynamic variables are totally safe, and play well with tabular.
Once you write facts within a project, you can use lein-midje to run them all and generate a summary like this:
Checking function: (midje.sweet/just [["Ishmael." 1] ["Some" 1] ["a" 1] ["about" 1] ["ago" 1]] :in-any-order) The checker said this about the reason: Expected five elements. There were thirty-nine. FAILURE: 6 facts were not confirmed. (But 37 were.)
If you're using the leiningen build manager, follow these steps:
[lein-midje "1.0.7"]
to the :dev-dependencies
entry in your project.clj
lein midje
at the command line in your project's root directory.
This command runs all facts and tests in the project and prints a summary of all results to stdout.
If you're using Cake, follow the steps on the Midje wiki for installing and running cake midje
.
If you currently write deftest
style tests using clojure.test, check out Midje's tips on integration. The two modes work very well together. lein midje
and cake midje
will evaluate all deftest
forms inside of a project and include the results in its report.
I believe that midje-cascalog is the most advanced MapReduce testing suite available today. The primitives discussed here make testing Cascalog queries a joy; the confidence that comes from fully tested components is a prerequisitive for creative work at large scale.
Please let me know what you think of the project! I'm happy to extend midje-cascalog in any way that helps the cause. Have fun testing!


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Play Game
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Contacts Information
To contact us call:
+254751579367
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For the machine learning piece, we used a sample Heart Disease dataset from Cleveland, OH. The dataset has 14 factors in total with some being age, sex, maximum heart rate achieved, serum cholesterol, etc. We have built a regression and concluded with a classification prediction. We are predicting if a person with these factors will have heart disease, so our Y was a binary classification “Target” of (0- No Heart Disease or 1- Heart Disease).
We created 4 different models: K Neighbors Classifier, Neural Network, Random Forest and Support Vector Machine. The Random Forest model was best-fit for our training and test data split. Compared to the other models, this was our best-fit because it had a higher Training Data Score: 1.0 and Testing Data Score: 0.6447. In addition, the F1-score was 0.82. The top 4 relevant factors of classifying a person with heart disease are age, maximum heart rate achieved, serum cholesterol, and ST depression induced by exercise relative to rest.


This site has useful stuff on social media links etc.
http://erjjones.github.io/blog/How-I-built-my-blog-in-one-day/
Each of the major areas is structured like a blog. For example:
research/
index.html
_posts/
2015-04-18-heat-shock-aggregation.md
papers/
index.html
_posts/
2014-12-09-queuosine.md
2015-04-18-mrna-protein.md
protocols/
index.html
_posts/
2015-04-18-yeast-lysis.md
team/
index.html
_posts/
2011-10-01-d-allan-drummond.md
2011-10-01-edward-wallace.md
news/
index.html
_posts/
2015-04-09-pg-paper-accepted.md
Name registration at [NameCheap]. Custom domain via [GitHub Pages].
[NameCheap]: https://www.namecheap.com


It's time to play...
GUESS THAT WIKI
How to Play
You will be provided with the most used words chosen from a random Wikipedia page. You must use this information to determine what the subject of the page is. You will be scored on the similarity between your answer and the page title.
Difficulty
A good starting point.


About Travis CI Environment
What This Guide Covers
This guide explain what packages, tools and settings are available in the Travis CI environment (often referred to as “CI environment”) as well as how virtual machines that travis-ci.org workers use are upgraded and deployed. The latter explains how soon you should expect new versions of Ruby, PHP, Node.js and so on to be provided.
Overview
Travis CI runs builds in virtual machines that are snapshotted before each build and rolled back at the end of it. This offers a number of benefits:
- Host OS is not affected by test suites
- No state persists between runs
- Passwordless sudo is available (so you can install dependencies using apt and so on)
- It is possible for test suites to create databases, add RabbitMQ vhosts/users and so on
The environment available to test suites is known as the Travis CI environment. VMs are deployed from VM images (“boxes”) that are available to the public. Provisioning of VM images is highly automated, new versions are deployed on average about once a week.
CI environment OS
travis-ci.org uses 32-bit Ubuntu Linux 11.04 (server edition).
How travis-ci.org VMs are provisioned
Provisioning of VMs is automated using OpsCode Chef. VMs are never upgraded “on the go”, we always replace entire images. VM images are first uploaded to our internal network and deployed to each individual worker during slow periods of the day. On average, we try to deploy new versions of runtimes (e.g. Ruby or PHP) and software like data stores within a week from their public availability, given that Travis Core Team is aware of or notified about the release.
Environment common to all VM images
Built toolchain
GCC 4.5.x, make, autotools, et cetera.
Networking tools
curl, wget, OpenSSL, rsync
Runtimes
Every worker has at least one version of
- Ruby
- OpenJDK
- Python
- Node.js
to accomodate projects that may need one of those runtimes during the build.
Language-specific workers have multiple runtimes for their respective language (for example, Ruby workers have about 10 Ruby versions/implementations).
Data Stores
- MySQL 5.1.x
- PostgreSQL 8.4.x
- SQLite 3.7.x
- MongoDB 2.0.x
- Riak 1.0.x
- Redis 2.4.x
- CouchDB 1.0.x
Messaging Technology
Headless Browser Testing Tools
- xvfb (X Virtual Framebuffer)
- Phantom.js 1.4.x
Environment variables
- DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
- CI=true
- TRAVIS=true
- HAS_JOSH_K_SEAL_OF_APPROVAL=true
- USER=vagrant (a subject to change, do not depend on this value)
- HOME=/home/vagrant (a subject to change, do not depend on this value)
- LANG=en_US.UTF-8
- LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
Libraries
- OpenSSL
- ImageMagick
apt configuration
apt is configured to not require confirmation (assume -y switch by default) using both DEBIAN_FRONTEND
env variable and apt configuration
file). This means apt-get install
can be used without the -y flag.
JVM (Clojure, Groovy, Java, Scala) VM images
Maven version
Stock Apache Maven 3.0.x.
Leiningen version
travis-ci.org uses standalone (“uberjar”) Leiningen 1.6.x, currently 1.6.2.
SBT version
travis-ci.org provides SBT 0.11.x.
Gradle version
Currently 1.0 Milestone 8.
Erlang VM images
Erlang/OTP releases
- R15B
- R14B04
- R14B03
- R14B02
Erlang/OTP releases are built using kerl.
Node.js VM images
Node.js versions
- 0.4 (0.4.12)
- 0.6 (0.6.11)
- 0.7 (0.7.5)
Node runtimes are built using NVM.
SCons
Scons is available to build joyent/node on travis-ci.org. Other projects can use it, too.
Perl VM images
Perl versions
- 5.14
- 5.12
- 5.10
installed via Perlbrew.
cpanm
cpanm (App::cpanminus) version 1.5007
PHP VM images
PHP versions
- 5.2 (5.2.17)
- 5.3 (5.3.10, 5.3.2)
- 5.4 (5.4.0RC8)
PHP runtimes are built using php-build.
XDebug
Is supported.
Extensions
$ php -m [PHP Modules] bcmath bz2 Core ctype curl date dom ereg exif fileinfo filter ftp gd gettext hash iconv intl json libxml mbstring mcrypt mysql mysqli mysqlnd openssl pcntl pcre PDO pdo_mysql pdo_pgsql pdo_sqlite Phar posix readline Reflection session shmop SimpleXML soap sockets SPL sqlite3 standard sysvsem sysvshm tidy tokenizer xdebug xml xmlreader xmlrpc xmlwriter xsl zip zlib [Zend Modules] Xdebug
Python VM images
Python versions
- 2.5
- 2.6
- 2.7
- 3.1
- 3.2
Every Python has a separate virtualenv that comes with pip
and distribute
and is activated before running the build.
Preinstalled pip packages
- nose
- py.test
- mock
Ruby (aka common) VM images
Ruby versions/implementations
- 1.8.7 (default)
- 1.9.2
- 1.9.3
- jruby-18mode (1.6.7; alternative alias: jruby)
- jruby-19mode (1.6.7 in Ruby 1.9 mode)
- rbx-18mode (alternative alias: rbx)
- rbx-19mode (in Ruby 1.9 mode)
- ree (2012.02)
- ruby-head (upgraded every 1-2 weeks)
- jruby-head (upgraded every 1-2 weeks)
Ruby 1.8.6 and 1.9.1 are no longer provided on travis-ci.org.
Rubies are built using RVM that is installed per-user and sourced from ~/.bashrc.
Bundler version
Recent 1.0.x version (usually the most recent)
Gems in the global gem set
- bundler
- rake
Environment variables
- RAILS_ENV=test
- RACK_ENV=test
- MERB_ENV=test
- JRUBY_OPTS=”–server -Dcext.enabled=false”
How VM images are upgraded and deployed
We currently use Vagrant to develop, test, build, export and import VM images (a.k.a “Vagrant boxes”). Provisioning is automated using OpsCode Chef. VM images are then uploaded to our internal network and deployed to each individual worker during slow periods of the day (around 03:00 GMT). VM images for different workers vary in size but in general are between 1.6 and 3.3 GB in size.
This means that to provision a new PHP release (for example), we do the following:
- Update our PHP-related cookbooks and possibly tools like php-build that they depend on.
- Test cookbooks locally
- Build a new PHP VM image
- Upload the image to our internal network
- Take php1.worker.travis-ci.org down to import new images
For new releases of data stores or messaging technologies, for example, Riak
- Update our Riak cookbook
- Test the cookbook locally
- Build a new standard VM image, then worker-specific (Ruby, PHP, Node.js and so on) VM images based on the new standard image
- Upload new images to our internal network
- Take travis-ci.org workers down one by one to import new images
The entire process usually takes from one to several hours (depending on how many VM images need to be rebuilt). Combined with the time for testing, new releases of runtimes and other widely used software usually go live on travis-ci.org within a week from the moment Travis Core team is notified about the release.
Chef Cookbooks
The Travis CI environment is set up using OpsCode Chef. All the cookbooks used by travis-ci.org are open source and can be found on GitHub. travis-ci.org uses 32-bit Ubuntu Linux 11.04 but thanks to Chef, migrating to a different Ubuntu version or another distribution is much easier.
Chef cookbooks are developed using Vagrant and Sous Chef so cookbook contributors are encouraged to use them.
Many cookbooks Travis CI environment uses are taken from the official OpsCode cookbooks repository. We modify some of them for continuous integration needs and sync them periodically or as the need arises.


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| Top |
| gboolean | g_action_name_is_valid () |
| const gchar * | g_action_get_name () |
| const GVariantType * | g_action_get_parameter_type () |
| const GVariantType * | g_action_get_state_type () |
| GVariant * | g_action_get_state_hint () |
| gboolean | g_action_get_enabled () |
| GVariant * | g_action_get_state () |
| void | g_action_change_state () |
| void | g_action_activate () |
| gboolean | g_action_parse_detailed_name () |
| gchar * | g_action_print_detailed_name () |
| gboolean | enabled | Read |
| gchar * | name | Read |
| GVariantType * | parameter-type | Read |
| GVariant * | state | Read |
| GVariantType * | state-type | Read |
GAction represents a single named action.
The main interface to an action is that it can be activated with
g_action_activate()
. This results in the 'activate' signal being
emitted. An activation has a GVariant parameter (which may be
NULL
). The correct type for the parameter is determined by a static
parameter type (which is given at construction time).
An action may optionally have a state, in which case the state may be
set with g_action_change_state()
. This call takes a GVariant. The
correct type for the state is determined by a static state type
(which is given at construction time).
The state may have a hint associated with it, specifying its valid range.
GAction is merely the interface to the concept of an action, as described above. Various implementations of actions exist, including GSimpleAction.
In all cases, the implementing class is responsible for storing the
name of the action, the parameter type, the enabled state, the
optional state type and the state and emitting the appropriate
signals when these change. The implementor responsible for filtering
calls to g_action_activate()
and g_action_change_state()
for type
safety and for the state being enabled.
Probably the only useful thing to do with a GAction is to put it inside of a GSimpleActionGroup.
gboolean
g_action_name_is_valid (const gchar *action_name
);
Checks if action_name
is valid.
action_name
is valid if it consists only of alphanumeric characters,
plus '-' and '.'. The empty string is not a valid action name.
It is an error to call this function with a non-utf8 action_name
.
action_name
must not be NULL
.
Since 2.38
const gchar *
g_action_get_name (GAction *action
);
Queries the name of action
.
Since 2.28
const GVariantType *
g_action_get_parameter_type (GAction *action
);
Queries the type of the parameter that must be given when activating
action
.
When activating the action using g_action_activate()
, the GVariant
given to that function must be of the type returned by this function.
In the case that this function returns NULL
, you must not give any
GVariant, but NULL
instead.
Since 2.28
const GVariantType *
g_action_get_state_type (GAction *action
);
Queries the type of the state of action
.
If the action is stateful (e.g. created with
g_simple_action_new_stateful()
) then this function returns the
GVariantType of the state. This is the type of the initial value
given as the state. All calls to g_action_change_state()
must give a
GVariant of this type and g_action_get_state()
will return a
GVariant of the same type.
If the action is not stateful (e.g. created with g_simple_action_new()
)
then this function will return NULL
. In that case, g_action_get_state()
will return NULL
and you must not call g_action_change_state()
.
Since 2.28
GVariant *
g_action_get_state_hint (GAction *action
);
Requests a hint about the valid range of values for the state of
action
.
If NULL
is returned it either means that the action is not stateful
or that there is no hint about the valid range of values for the
state of the action.
If a GVariant array is returned then each item in the array is a possible value for the state. If a GVariant pair (ie: two-tuple) is returned then the tuple specifies the inclusive lower and upper bound of valid values for the state.
In any case, the information is merely a hint. It may be possible to have a state value outside of the hinted range and setting a value within the range may fail.
The return value (if non-NULL
) should be freed with
g_variant_unref()
when it is no longer required.
Since 2.28
gboolean
g_action_get_enabled (GAction *action
);
Checks if action
is currently enabled.
An action must be enabled in order to be activated or in order to have its state changed from outside callers.
Since 2.28
GVariant *
g_action_get_state (GAction *action
);
Queries the current state of action
.
If the action is not stateful then NULL
will be returned. If the
action is stateful then the type of the return value is the type
given by g_action_get_state_type()
.
The return value (if non-NULL
) should be freed with
g_variant_unref()
when it is no longer required.
Since 2.28
void g_action_change_state (GAction *action
,GVariant *value
);
Request for the state of action
to be changed to value
.
The action must be stateful and value
must be of the correct type.
See g_action_get_state_type()
.
This call merely requests a change. The action may refuse to change
its state or may change its state to something other than value
.
See g_action_get_state_hint()
.
If the value
GVariant is floating, it is consumed.
Since 2.30
void g_action_activate (GAction *action
,GVariant *parameter
);
Activates the action.
parameter
must be the correct type of parameter for the action (ie:
the parameter type given at construction time). If the parameter
type was NULL
then parameter
must also be NULL
.
If the parameter
GVariant is floating, it is consumed.
Since 2.28
gboolean g_action_parse_detailed_name (const gchar *detailed_name
,gchar **action_name
,GVariant **target_value
,GError **error
);
Parses a detailed action name into its separate name and target components.
Detailed action names can have three formats.
The first format is used to represent an action name with no target value and consists of just an action name containing no whitespace nor the characters ':', '(' or ')'. For example: "app.action".
The second format is used to represent an action with a target value that is a non-empty string consisting only of alphanumerics, plus '-' and '.'. In that case, the action name and target value are separated by a double colon ("::"). For example: "app.action::target".
The third format is used to represent an action with any type of
target value, including strings. The target value follows the action
name, surrounded in parens. For example: "app.action(42)". The
target value is parsed using g_variant_parse()
. If a tuple-typed
value is desired, it must be specified in the same way, resulting in
two sets of parens, for example: "app.action((1,2,3))". A string
target can be specified this way as well: "app.action('target')".
For strings, this third format must be used if * target value is
empty or contains characters other than alphanumerics, '-' and '.'.
Since 2.38
gchar * g_action_print_detailed_name (const gchar *action_name
,GVariant *target_value
);
Formats a detailed action name from action_name
and target_value
.
It is an error to call this function with an invalid action name.
This function is the opposite of
g_action_parse_detailed_action_name()
. It will produce a string that
can be parsed back to the action_name
and target_value
by that
function.
See that function for the types of strings that will be printed by this function.
Since 2.38
struct GActionInterface { GTypeInterface g_iface; /* virtual functions */ const gchar * (* get_name) (GAction *action); const GVariantType * (* get_parameter_type) (GAction *action); const GVariantType * (* get_state_type) (GAction *action); GVariant * (* get_state_hint) (GAction *action); gboolean (* get_enabled) (GAction *action); GVariant * (* get_state) (GAction *action); void (* change_state) (GAction *action, GVariant *value); void (* activate) (GAction *action, GVariant *parameter); };
The virtual function table for GAction.
GTypeInterface |
||
the virtual function pointer for |
||
the virtual function pointer for |
||
the virtual function pointer for |
||
the virtual function pointer for |
||
the virtual function pointer for |
||
the virtual function pointer for |
||
the virtual function pointer for |
||
the virtual function pointer for |
Since 2.28
“enabled”
property“enabled” gboolean
If action
is currently enabled.
If the action is disabled then calls to g_action_activate()
and
g_action_change_state()
have no effect.
Flags: Read
Default value: TRUE
Since 2.28
“name”
property“name” gchar *
The name of the action. This is mostly meaningful for identifying the action once it has been added to a GActionGroup. It is immutable.
Flags: Read
Default value: NULL
Since 2.28
“parameter-type”
property“parameter-type” GVariantType *
The type of the parameter that must be given when activating the
action. This is immutable, and may be NULL
if no parameter is needed when
activating the action.
Flags: Read
Since 2.28
“state”
property“state” GVariant *
The state of the action, or NULL
if the action is stateless.
Flags: Read
Allowed values: GVariant<*>
Default value: NULL
Since 2.28
“state-type”
property“state-type” GVariantType *
The GVariantType of the state that the action has, or NULL
if the
action is stateless. This is immutable.
Flags: Read
Since 2.28


Computing images is fundamental to many symbolic analysis techniques, and methods for computing images efficiently is an area of ongoing research. For this reason, the image package has been designed with lots of flexibility to easily allow new methods to be integrated (to add a new method, see the instructions in imgInt.h). Applications that use the image package can switch among different image methods simply by specifying the method type in the image initialization routine. By using the returned structure (Img_ImageInfo_t) from the initialization routine, all subsequent (forward or backward) image computations will be done using the specified method.
VIS users can control which image method is used by appropriately setting the "image_method" flag. Also, VIS users can set flags to control parameters for different image computation methods. Because the user has the ability to change the values of these flags, Img_ImageInfo_t structs should be freed and re-initialized whenever the VIS user changes the value of these flags.
Following are descriptions of the methods implemented. In the descriptions, x=x_1,...x_n is the set of domain variables, u=u_1,...,u_k is the set of quantify variables, y=y_1,...,y_m is the set of range variables, and f=f_1(x,u),...,f_m(x,u) is the set of functions under which we wish to compute images.
Monolithic: This is the most naive approach possible. A single relation T(x,y) is constructed during the initialization phase, using the computation (exists u (prod_i(y_i = f_i(x,u)))). To compute the forward image, where fromUpperBound=U(x), fromLowerBound=L(x), and toCareSet=C(y), we first compute a set A(x) between U(x) and L(x). Then, T(x,y) is simplified with respect to A(x) and C(y) to get T*. Finally, x is quantified from T* to produce the final answer. Backward images are computed analogously. The monolithic method does not recognize any user-settable flags for image computation.
IWLS95: This technique is based on the early quantification heuristic. The initialization process consists of following steps:


{% extends "base2.html" %} {% block tabitems %}
The CSV format file you had requested was successfully sent to diksha.2895@gmail.com


Simple
Just plug the library in – the under-hood magic will do the rest.
Aniro is the library that allows you to animate your page effortlessly. Just install the library and add the aniro tag to the body – your page will be brought to life instanlty.
Just plug the library in – the under-hood magic will do the rest.
You don't need to write the animation code anymore.
Configuration is mandatory and really easy though. Just visit the docs page for instructions.
I make Open Source and write articles. Feel free to reach me out if you have any questions.


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block title %}About | ImageDataExtractor{% endblock %} {% block content %}
ImageDataExtractor is an open-source python package for automatically extracting quantitative data from microscopy images.
Check out the documentation to get started, or look below to see how it works.
Figure captions within scientific documents are first mined with ChemDataExtractor using keywords that identify possible microscopy images within them. If the corresponding Figures of the document are of the form of multiple image panels, these panels are then separated into their constituent images.
ImageDataExtractor uses ChemDataExtractor to automatically detect relevant images from within Figures of a given HTML or XML document.
Multi-panel images are separated using our two-step algorithm, by splitting on whitespace and integer fractions of the image.
Particle regions are identified and the scalebar's pixel/value ratio extracted.
Scalebar regions are located and the value and unit of the scale read using optical character recognition.
The number of pixels in the scalebar is used to calculate a scale mapping for the image.
The image is converted to greyscale and binarized using an adaptive thresholding algorithm
Edge detection algorithms are used to identify all closed contours.
The contours are filtered by removing all contours with insufficient variation in pixel intensity.
A different image to the running example is used here due to the lack of false positives in the main example.
Contour bottlenecks are used to split nearby particles that were blurred together during the contour detection.
Contours intersecting the image borders or scale information region (blue rectangle) are eliminated for being artifically distorted.
Remaining contours are fitted to an ellipse.
If it is determined that the ellipse is a better fit than the contour, it is used instead from this point forwards.
After a secondary edge correction to remove ellipses intersecting the image border, the particle detection is complete and can be used to calculate the image metrics.
Now that the extraction is done, let's look at the results!
ImageDataExtractor automatically generates useful graphics for easy interpretation.
A histogram of detected particle sizes. The results in blue are contributions deemed to be outliers.
The minimum radial distribution function (minRDF) of detected particles.
This shows the radial distribution function using all extracted particles.


4 February 2003
Disease Outbreak Reported
During 1-26 January 2003, the Ministry of Health of Burkina Faso has reported 980 cases and 196 deaths (case-fatality rate, 20%) in the country. On 26 January 2003, 4 districts, Batie, Kossodo, Manga and Tenkodogo, were in the alert phase, although none had crossed the epidemic threshold.
Of a total of 28 specimens collected in 3 districts (Nanoro, Paul VI, Pissy), the National Public Health Laboratory has confirmed Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W135 in 10 samples, Streptococcus pneumoniae in 8 and Haemophilus influenzae type b in 4.
The Ministry of Health is implementing control measures to contain the outbreak, including the pre-positioning of laboratory materials and oily chloramphenicol at district level, enhanced epidemiological surveillance, training of health personnel and social mobilization in communities.


Walmart's third-quarter results beat estimates, shares rise
WASHINGTON: Walmart Inc reported better-than-expected third quarter U.S. comparable sales on Thursday as people spent more at its stores and website and the retailer picked up market share in food and other groceries.
The world's largest retailer also raised its annual earnings outlook, sending its shares up over 3 percent in premarket trade.
Walmart has now posted a 21-quarter, or over five-year, streak of U.S. growth, unmatched by any other retail chain.
Sales at U.S. stores open at least a year rose 3.2per cent, excluding fuel, in the quarter ended Oct.31. Analysts estimated growth of 2.9per cent, according to IBES data from Refinitiv.
Adjusted earnings per share increased to US$1.16 per share, beating expectations of US$1.09 per share.
Online sales rose 41per cent, higher than the previous quarter's increase of 37 pct and greater than the company's expectation of 35per cent.
Operating income continued to remain under pressure and fell 5.4 percent to US$4.7 billion as a result of ongoing investments in its e-commerce business.
Walmart’s online expansion has come at a cost to profitability, and losses at the U.S. e-commerce business could rise to about US$1.7 billion this year from US$1.4 billion in 2018, according to estimates from Morgan Stanley.
Walmart forecast earnings per share, including the impact from its acquisition of Indian e-commerce retailer Flipkart, to increase "slightly" from a year ago.
Total revenue rose 2.5 percent to US$128 billion.
(Reporting by Nandita Bose in Washington; Editing by Steve Orlofsky)


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The community support that Donkey Coffee, 17 W. Washington St., received during COVID-19 allowed the business to stay open during the pandemic. Recently, students and community members have been eager to support Athens companies after many businesses reopened.
“We're super busy,” Ben Ziff, manager at Donkey Coffee, said. “Realistically, we're busier than we've ever been. This fall semester has been amazing. People have just been really, really supportive of local businesses. I think a lot of people that would normally maybe make a Keurig pod at home have been actually making the trek out to go to a coffee shop just to try and support places that have been trying to make it through this time.”
Because Athens coffee shops are so close to Ohio University, they’re typically crowded with students and faculty members alike. Some professors even host their office hours at local coffee shops. To Timothy Wasserman, manager at Court Street Coffee, 67 S. Court St., the student-professor connections that can be cultivated at coffee shops are especially refreshing to see.
“One of the things that I think we see a lot of is faculty meeting with students and getting coffee together, whether that's based on some kind of professional meeting, or even not professional, where it's just a professor catching up with someone who they had several years before,” Wasserman said. “I just think that that's a really unique experience to watch happen.”
Coffee shops serve as an asset to communities. They offer a place for people to gather and socialize, while also being a source to the public for community events. Coffee shops also often promote music, art and social justice. For instance, Donkey Coffee hosts weekly open mic night and "Designated Space," which is a poetry, prose and spoken word open stage, according to Donkey Coffee’s website. These events provide an outlet for artists to showcase their work. The coffee shop also offers an alcohol-free way to be social.
“I think having shops that are open late gives a lot of people who wouldn't necessarily be comfortable going to a bar or something like that — maybe they just don't want to be around alcohol, maybe they're too young — it gives them a place to just hang out at night,” Ziff said. “You can be social with people in a public setting without being in a bar, which in Athens, I think is hard to find.”
Coffee shops provide artistic and musical expression that people might not experience otherwise. Wasserman explained that coffee shops are a part of a larger atmosphere with other surrounding companies. This atmosphere provides a mutually beneficial relationship among businesses.
“I think that there's a lot of room for art,” Wasserman said. “I'm a big fan of the bookstore next door; other things to be highlighted that people normally don't take time out of their day to stop and look at – whether it's visual art, written art, music, it forces people to experience that for a brief amount of time, and exposes them to that. I think that that's also really beneficial.”
As finals approach, many Athens coffee shops are crowded with students who are trying to stay on top of their schoolwork as the semester comes to a close. Sydney Lent, a fifth-year student studying communication studies, goes to coffee shops often because they offer Wi-Fi.
“I don't have Wi-Fi at home, so I have to have a place to go where I can work on homework, so that is either a place like this or the library,” Lent said.
Both employees and students cherish being able to have face-to-face interactions with each other once again. As business begins to resemble what it was pre-pandemic, many in the Athens community look forward to sharing more time together in local coffee shops.
“It's almost a hopeful feeling,” Ziff said. “I love having all the students back. It's such an important, vibrant part of what makes Athens, Athens, is our student population. Being able to have everybody back in the shop is great.”


@* * Copyright 2021 HM Revenue & Customs * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. *@ @import helpers.forms.submit @import timetopaytaxpayer.cor.model.Debit @import partials.currency @import uk.gov.hmrc.play.views.html.helpers @this( main: views.html.main, viewsHelpers: views.ViewsHelpers ) @( debits:Seq[Debit], initialPayment:BigDecimal)(implicit messages: play.api.i18n.Messages, request: Request[_], appConfig: config.AppConfig ) @main( title = Messages("ssttp.calculator.form.payment_summary.title"), backButtonUrl = Some(ssttpcalculator.routes.CalculatorController.getPaymentToday())) {
@Messages("ssttp.calculator.form.payment_summary.up-front-payment.hint")


Data science
What is Data Science?
Data Science is the art and science of transforming raw data into deliverable data products in order to help businesses or government agencies make more informed decisions. The Concentration in Data Science consists of eight major components: Data Visualization, Scientific Methods, Statistical Modeling, Statistical Computing, Real-world Data Applications, Data Consulting, Data Research, and Data Technology.
The Concentration in Data Science prepares students for a job as a Data Scientist, as well as providing a strong background for many other careers.
Because Data Science is a rapidly expanding field, creating a high demand for Data Scientists, the Department of Mathematics is committed to developing partnerships with the local business community, not only to assist with their data analysis needs, but to demonstrate the value of our Math majors.
These eight components capture the essence of integrating our data science educational program with the data demands of the business community on a multitude of levels.
The following is a brief description of each component and its relevance and importance to our program.
- Data Visualization
Transforming raw data into a visual form that tells a “story” is one of the major challenges in the business world. The center piece of our program is the art and science of data visualization with real-world applications.
- Scientific Methods
Scientific methods are used to analyze and reduce complex data to simpler forms.
- Statistical Modeling
Many business problems can be modeled using sophisticated advanced statistical methods. We have several faculty with strong backgrounds in statistics, both pure and applied.
- Statistical Computing
Students and faculty alike use powerful statistical software to perform the tedious computations required in data analysis.
- Real-world data applications
Our students work on real-world data problems provided to us by local industry.
- Data Consulting
Our department will provide consulting on data-related problems to the local community. This has the potential of laying the foundation for major data science projects for our students, as well as providing valuable real-world experience
- Data Research
The department has several researchers in statistics and operations research. We plan to develop research problems in data science in collaboration with the local community. This will strengthen the academic research program and lay the foundation for a possible future doctorate in Data Science.
- Data Technology
The department has access to big data technology, as well as sophisticated data science software. We plan to expand the technology with a Data Science Lab housed in our department and supported by the local business community.


The GNUABI version of the library (libsleefgnuabi.so) is built for x86 and aarch64 architectectures. This library provides an API compatible with libmvec in glibc, and the API comforms to the vector ABI. This library is built and installed by default, and some compilers may call the functions in this library.
Fig. 7.1 shows a simplified code of our dispatcher. There is only one exported function mainFunc. When mainFunc is called for the first time, dispatcherMain is called internally, since funcPtr is initialized to the pointer to dispatcherMain(line 14). It then detects if the CPU supports SSE 4.1(line 7), and rewrites funcPtr to a pointer to the function that utilizes SSE 4.1 or SSE 2, depending on the result of CPU feature detection(line 10). When mainFunc is called for the second time, it does not execute the dispatcherMain. It just executes the function pointed by the pointer stored in funcPtr during the execution of dispatcherMain.
There are a few advantages in our dispatcher. The first advantage is that it does not require any compiler-specific extension. The second advantage is simplicity. There are only 18 lines of simple code. Since the dispatchers are completely separated for each function, there is not much room for bugs to get in.
The third advantage is low overhead. You might think that the overhead is one function call including execution of prologue and epilogue. However, since modern compilers eliminate redundant execution of the prologue, epilogue and return instruction, the actual overhead is just one jmp instruction. This is very fast since it is not conditional.
The fourth advantage is thread safety. There is only one variable shared among threads, which is funcPtr. There are only two possible values for this pointer variable. The first value is the pointer to the dispatcherMain, and the second value is the pointer to either funcSSE2 or funcSSE4, depending on the availability of extensions. Once funcPtr is substituted with the pointer to funcSSE2 or funcSSE4, it will not be changed in the future. It is obvious that the code works in all the cases.
static double (*funcPtr)(double arg);
static double dispatcherMain(double arg) {
double (*p)(double arg) = funcSSE2;
#if the compiler supports SSE4.1
if (SSE4.1 is available on the CPU) p = funcSSE4;
#endif
funcPtr = p;
return (*funcPtr)(arg);
}
static double (*funcPtr)(double arg) = dispatcherMain;
double mainFunc(double arg) {
return (*funcPtr)(arg);
}
Fig. 7.1: Simplified code of our dispatcher
ULP stands for "unit in the last place", which is sometimes used for measuring accuracy of calculations. 1 ULP is basically the distance between the two closest floating point number, which depends on the exponent of the FP number. The accuracy of calculations by reputable math libraries is usually between 0.5 and 1 ULP. Here, the accuracy means the largest error of calculation, which only happens in the worst case. SLEEF math library provides multiple accuracy choices for some math functions. Many functions have 3.5-ULP and 1-ULP versions, and 3.5-ULP versions are significantly faster than 1-ULP versions. If you care more about execution speed than accuracy, it is advised to use the 3.5-ULP versions along with -ffast-math or "unsafe math optimization" options for the compiler.
In IEEE 754 standard, underflow does not happen abruptly when the exponent becomes zero. Instead, denormal numbers are produced which has less precision, and this is sometimes called gradual underflow. On some implementation which is not IEEE-754 conformant, flush-to-zero mode is used since it is easier to implement. In flush-to-zero mode, numbers smaller than the smallest normalized number cannot be represented, and it is replaced with zero. Because of this, the accuracy of calculation may be influenced in some cases. The smallest normalized precision number can be referred with DBL_MIN for double precision, and FLT_MIN for single precision. The naming of these macros is a little bit confusing because DBL_MIN is not the smallest double precision number.
You can see known maximum errors in math functions in glibc on this page.
The sincospi series of functions evaluates sin( πa ) and cos( πa ) simultaneously. These functions are added to SLEEF as of version 3.0. There are a few reasons that I added these functions.
C standards include specifications for functions that evaluate trigonometric functions. In order to do calculations for evaluating these functions, reduction of an argument is required. This involves a multiple precision multiplication with π, which requires many operations of addition and multiplication. This is slow especially if accurate evaluation is required. By designing the function in a way that the argument is pre-multiplied by π, this reduction can be eliminated. This leads to faster and more accurate evaluation.
The second reason is that sincospi functions are handy for implementing an FFT library. FFT libraries need to evaluate trigonometric functions for generating twiddle factors that is used in the butterfly operations. Since the butterfly operations are repeatedly applied, the error in twiddle factors accumulates. Thus, we want to make the error in twiddle factors as small as possible. In an FFT of power-of-two size, twiddle factors are sin( πm / 2n ) where m and n are integer. If we just use the usual trigonometric functions defined in the C standards with the precision same as that used for butterfly operations, we already have error when calculating arguments, since πm / 2n cannot be represented as a floating point value without error. On the other hand, if we use sincospi function, the argument can be accurately represented by a radix 2 FP number. Thus, we can calculate twiddle factors with better accuracy.
The third reason is that sinpi is needed internally to implement gamma functions.
It is a soup ladle. Sleef means a soup ladle in Dutch.


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block content %} {% include "includes/phase_banner_alpha.html" %} {% include "includes/breadcrumbs.html" %} {% if isView %} Reduction {% else %} {{entityTitle}} {% endif %} {% if isView %} Showing reduction for {{omName}} {% else %} Add a new reduction for {{omName}} {% endif %} Reason for reduction Disability Long term sickness absence Phased return to work Pregnancy Maternity leave Adoption leave Special leave Trade union facility time Other paid leave Other unpaid leave Hours Reduction start date For example, 31 3 1980 Day Month Year Reduction end date For example, 31 3 1980 Day Month Year Additional notes {% if isView %} Jury service {% endif %} {% if isView %} Save changes Other options Archive reduction Delete reduction {% else %} {% endif %} {% endblock %}
Showing reduction for {{omName}}
Add a new reduction for {{omName}}


|
Pip-Services-Components-Dotnet
|
Classes | |
| class | CachedCounters |
| Abstract implementation of performance counters that measures and stores counters in memory. Child classes implement saving of the counters into various destinations. More... | |
| class | CompositeCounters |
| Aggregates all counters from component references under a single component. More... | |
| class | Counter |
| Data object to store measurement for a performance counter. This object is used by CachedCounters to store counters. More... | |
| class | CounterTiming |
| Callback object returned by ICounters.BeginTiming(string) to end timing of execution block and update the associated counter. More... | |
| class | DefaultCountersFactory |
| Creates ICounters components by their descriptors. More... | |
| interface | ICounters |
| Interface for performance counters that measure execution metrics. More... | |
| interface | ICounterTimingCallback |
| Interface for a callback to end measurement of execution elapsed time. More... | |
| class | LogCounters |
| Performance counters that periodically dumps counters measurements to logger. More... | |
| class | NullCounters |
| Dummy implementation of performance counters that doesn't do anything. More... | |
Enumerations | |
| enum | CounterType : int { CounterType.Interval = 0, CounterType.LastValue = 1, CounterType.Statistics = 2, CounterType.Timestamp = 3, CounterType.Increment = 4 } |
| Types of counters that measure different types of metrics More... | |
|
strong |
Types of counters that measure different types of metrics
| Enumerator | |
|---|---|
| Interval | Counters that measure execution time intervals |
| LastValue | Counters that keeps the latest measured value |
| Statistics | Counters that measure min/average/max statistics |
| Timestamp | Counter that record timestamps |
| Increment | Counter that increment counters |


JavaTM Deployment |
Documentation Contents |
| For new features and enhancement in Java Deployment for J2SE 5.0, see General Deployment Enhancements in J2SE 5.0. |
JavaTM Deployment is a broad-ranging topic, including the following:
Some of these topics, such as setting options in the Java Control Panel and updating the Java Platform on a computer, are covered in the Java Deployment Guide mentioned below; others, such as Installation of the Java Platform and writing applications and applets, are covered elsewhere. For a more detailed description of the topics listed above, see the Overview in the Java Deployment Guide.
The Java Deployment Guide provides an overview of Java Deployment; describes the Java Control Panel, the Java Update mechanism, applet compatibility issues related to the Microsoft versus Sun VM, silent installation for Windows, and autodownload; and includes an installation and update FAQ.
|
Copyright © 2004 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Please send comments to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>|
Java Software |


Back to lychee.js
Are you confused already?
lychee.js Core
lychee.js Core
lychee.js Core
- Definition System
- Feature Detection at Runtime
- Entity/Component Architecture
- Dependency Management
- Library/Package Management
lychee.js Core
- Environment Sandboxes
- Build in Builds in Builds
- Requirement Determination at Runtime
- Requirement Injection at Runtime
- Serialization
lychee.js Core
let env = new lychee.Environment();
let blob = env.serialize();
blob; // { constructor: 'lychee.Environment' ... }
lychee.js Bootstrap
lychee.js Bootstrap
- Definitions can have Attachments
- No Glue-Code-introducing Asset Loader
- All Asset Types are implemented in Bootstrap
- Buffer Config, Font, Music, Sound, Texture, Stuff
lychee.js Bootstrap
- base64 binary, utf8 Encoding
- Live-Injection of Assets at Runtime
- Live-Updating of Assets at Runtime
- Serialization
lychee.js Bootstrap
let cfg = new Config('/url/to/Config.json');
cfg.onload = function() {
console.log(this.serialize());
};
cfg.load();
lychee.js Fertilizers
lychee.js Fertilizers
- Platform Adapters aka. Fertilizers
- Each Fertilizer ships multiple Runtimes
- Runtimes implement API against Fertilizer API
- e.g
html
, html-webgl
or html-webview
platform
lychee.js Fertilizers
- Input Renderer, Storage, Viewport
- net.Client net.Remote, net.Server
- State-driven Output (e.g. Renderer)
- Event-driven Input (e.g. Viewport)
- Event-driven Network (peer-to-peer Services)
lychee.js Fertilizers
Example: html-webview
ships all at once:
- Android
- BlackberryOS
- iOS
- FirefoxOS
- Ubuntu Touch
lychee.js Adapter Instances
lychee.js Adapter Instances
- e.g Renderer, Viewport, Input etc.
- Identical API across all platforms
- Serialization
lychee.js Adapter Instances
let blob = MAIN.input.serialize();
let clone = lychee.deserialize(blob);
clone; // Identical lychee.Input instance
BOOM!
- All things Network is serialized
- All things Input is serialized
- All things Output is serialized
- We can now simulate somewhere else :)
BOOM!
lychee.js App State
lychee.js App State
- MV-something is shitty
- You should start to realize that by now:)
lychee.js App State
- App States divide Logic Differences
- Scene Graph for App/UI Entities
- Flow Graph for Event Timeline
- Net Graph for Network Timeline
- AI Graph for Simulation Timeline
lychee.js App State
- If Humans make mistake, Snapshot is generated.
- Snapshot can be simulated everywhere
- No literally everywhere. Even on a Raspberry Pi!
- Serialization
lychee.js App State
let blob = lychee.serialize(MAIN);
let clone = lychee.deserialize(blob);
clone; // Identical app.Main instance
BOOM!
- All things UI serialized
- All things UX serialized
- All things Errors serialized
- All things Flow serialized
BOOM!
lychee.js App Code


This Week In Games: Four Generations Of Gundam
by Alex WalkerFor many, this week is one of the quieter weeks in the gaming calendar. Unless you're really into four generations of mecha.
Anime is the headline this week, or SD GUNDAM G GENERATION CROSS RAYS more specifically. It's basically a Mario Rabbids/XCOM style turn-based tactics game where all the attack animations play out with their own short anime sequences.
Beyond that, it's a relatively quiet week. Anyone who played the original episode of True Fear might enjoy knowing that the sequel is finally out this week, but otherwise things are fairly thin on the ground. Next week is scheduled to pick up with a new Mechwarrior, Halo: Reach on PC, Terminator: Resistance, Darksiders Genesis and a new Vampire: The Masquerade adventure game, but for now this is what you'll have in the meantime.
- Pine (Switch)
- SD GUNDAM G GENERATION CROSS RAYS (PC)
- Where the Water Tastes Like Wine (Xbox)
- Slay the Spire (PS4, Xbox, Switch Retail)
- Crash Team Racing + Spyro Reignited Bundle (PS4, Xbox Retail)
- Ghost Parade (PC, Switch)
- Overcooked 1 + 2 (Switch Retail)
- Widget Satchel (PC, Switch)
- True Fear: Forsaken Souls - Part 2 (PC, PS4)
- Arcade Archives IN THE HUNT (PS4)
- Brain in Retro Space (PS4)
- No Love (PC)
- ArtFormer The Game (PC)
- unitied (PC)
- Nexomon (PC)
- SwarmZ (PC)
- End of Realms (PC)
- Story of a Gladiator (PC, Switch)
- Knowledge Trainer (Switch)
- Gemstone Keeper (Switch)
- Electronic Super Joy (Switch)
- BLACKSAD Under The Skin (Switch)
- One Way Ticket (Switch)
- Trover Saves The Universe (Switch)
- Five Nights At Freddy's 1, 2, 3, 4 (Switch)
- Decay of Logos (Switch)
Onto the trailers! Let's check in with XCOM Gundam first.
Slay the Spire has been out digitally for ages, but if its retail release this week finds a new audience, all the better. That game is tops.
Anyway, that's the roster this week. Bit thin, but we'll get a nice glut of games once December starts proper. See anything that catches your fancy?


Team Members Edit
Add Members
Add or RemoveAdd Members
Add or RemoveAdd Members
Add or RemoveAdd Members
Add or RemoveAdd Members
Add or RemoveAdd Members
Add or RemoveAdd Members
Add or RemoveAchievements Edit
Add Achievement
Interested Focus Area Edit
Add Skills or Focus Area


{% extends 'base.html' %} {% block form %}
Forgot your account’s password or
Having trouble logging into your account?
Enter your email address and
we’ll send you a recovery link.


Mads Mikkelsen
Danish actor. Originally a gymnast and dancer, he began acting in 1996. He rose to fame in Denmark as Tonny the drug dealer in the first two films of the Pusher film trilogy, and in his role as the brash yet sensitive policeman, Allan Fischer, in Peter Thorsboe's Danish television series Rejseholdet.


This is a external controller for the game Kerbal Space Program you need a Artemis ATP, Artemis Module, or any other board with ~30 digital interupts(Why did we write the code like this, hope to get Arduino Mega suport soon).
After a little research on past designs for a kerbal controller we found that we wanted one that was bigger and used more high quality switches. After some frequency research(Playing KSP) we found that you pressed these buttons
We looked at this list and thought that it would be to many pins(~45) to implement on one arduino or RPi and we narrowed it down to this list.
These buttons and switches took up about 25 pins so they could fit easly on one arduino so we moved on to designing the layout of the board.
For our fist design we wanted to have a big board 30cm wide and 20cm tall, it was going to be huge! We kept adding on to this design and ended up with this design in this design we added 5 modable buttons for different buttons on the keyboard that the end user could change.
We worked on this design for a while and created 2 prototypes in this folder or this folder We found that this design was going to be way too big and changed over to our much smaller second design
On our second design we got rid of the huge time warp selector, although helpful used up too many pins and could be a lot smaller. for this design we designed the layout of the buttons and switches then chose the size of the plexiglass we wanted
This was a much smaller form factor and only have 22 buttons, 6 switches and one analog gauge, for a total of 28 digital pins, and only on analog pins.
After we finnished the design we wanted to have a to scale model. we wanted some costomizablity for a flat design or a proped up design this is our first prototype of a proped up design.
Front
Side
Go HERE
The dseisng seciton is split into threee parts for each revision


Keynote Address - Jenny Brennan
Additional resources:
Introduction to Web Apps by HubSpot
Additional resources:
- Link to the BaseWebApp repository.
- All important installation links here.
Spark Workshop - HUB Chiclayo Valley
Top tips for Freelancers - Edinburgh Innovations
UI/UX workshop by Aditi Chalisgaonkar
Life of a Digital Nomad - Elena Lape


Humble and 2K, take two. 2K Games is back at Humble Bundle with another bundle of killer games. Born for battle? You won’t need to save your shards to activate these deals! More
Pay $1 or more for The Darkness II, Spec Ops: The Line, and Duke Nukem Forever. Plus, get a coupon for 10% off Humble Monthly for new subscribers.
Pay more than the average price and you’ll also receive Sid Meier's Civilization V, NBA 2K16, Mafia II Director's Cut, the Battleborn Starter Skin Pack, Freedom Force, Freedom Force vs. The Third Reich, The Bureau: XCOM Declassified, and Railroad Tycoon 3. Plus, get a Humble Store Coupon for 40% off XCOM 2.
Pay $15 or more for all of that AND Battleborn, Battleborn Platinum Currency, and Borderlands: The Pre-Sequel!
Pay $1 or more. Normally, the total cost for these games is as much as $360. Here at Humble Bundle, though, you choose the price of $1 or more!
Redeem on Steam. All of the games in this bundle are available on Steam for Windows, and some for Mac and Linux too. Please check out the full system requirements here prior to purchasing.
You're getting this bundle for<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Not you? Log out
All major credit cards accepted. Payments via bank account are also supported by PayPal and Amazon Payments. Bitcoin payments have been disabled for the Humble 2K Bundle 2. Payment processing fees will be deducted proportionally from the payment amounts you indicate on your slider(s). Fees typically average 5 to 6% across all transactions, but may vary depending on a number of factors, including your location, purchase price, and payment method. We deduct VAT, where applicable, in the same manner. Payments to charitable organizations are made via the PayPal Giving Fund. For details on how this works, click here.


2015 Chevrolet Spark (AT)
36 months left on warranty.
2,091 miles
$10,900
2014 Chevrolet Spark (AT)
24 months left on warranty.
10,295 miles
$9,500
2015 Chevrolet Cruze (AT)
26 months left on warranty.
17,388 miles
$10,990
2014 Toyota Corolla (AT)
24 months left on warranty.
19,319 miles
$11,656
2014 Kia Soul (AT)
48 months left on warranty.
20,290 miles
$11,499
2014 Volkswagen Jetta (AT)
13 months left on warranty.
26,402 miles
$10,994
2015 Kia Forte (AT)
45 months left on warranty.
28,484 miles
$11,995
2014 Mitsubishi Lancer (AT)
39 months left on warranty.
32,975 miles
$10,992
2015 Mitsubishi Lancer (AT)
36 months left on warranty.
35,122 miles
$11,982
2015 Kia Forte (AT)
29 months left on warranty.
39,337 miles
$10,995
2013 Kia Rio (AT)
13 months left on warranty.
50,384 miles
$6,995
2014 Chevrolet Spark (AT)
24 months left on warranty.
8,400 miles
$8,200
2014 Chevrolet Spark (AT)
24 months left on warranty.
12,767 miles
$9,899


Shreeman Hariharan is a third-year undergraduate student studying Cognitive Science (Human-Computer Interaction specialization) with a Computer Science minor. Shreeman is interested in front-end development.


PM Imran lauds economic team for ending current account deficit
by https://www.facebook.com/dunyanewsISLAMABAD (Dunya News) – Prime Minister Imran Khan has heaped praises on his economic team for ending the current account deficit, Dunya News reported on Saturday.
Is his statement on social media the premier said, “I am proud of my team which ended the deficit during the last four months and the value of rupee increased as a result.
“Economic progress has been achieved due to measures taken by the government to stabilize economy. Pakistan’s stock market has surged by 30 percent or almost 10,000 points during the last three months.”
It is pertinent here to mention that Imran Khan has also convened Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) core committee meeting tomorrow (Sunday) in Islamabad.


Chris Mazur - @chmazur
- Lack of interaction between our local community and the people who was actually leading the innovation in the software development industry
- Very accessible or free access to the knowloge + Community-Centric projects + From the Community to the Community + Promoting local members globablly
2014-2019:
PHP Conference New Zealand / Wellington . 2014-2015
ScaleConf NZ / Wellington . 2016-2018
Cloud Native Summit / Wellington . 2019
Service Mesh Day / San Francisco . 2019
DevOps Wellington Meetup . +1700 members
Web Development Wellington . +600 members
Cloud Native Auckland . +450 members
Full Stack Dev Auckland . 200 members
- Two conferences: Wellington + San Francisco
- Consultancy on Community Strategy + Advocacy in San Francisco
- Members from local Communities attending conferences & workshops
- Local & International organizations looking for exposure in the tech community
- 2020: Planning 5 tech conferences:
* Full Stack Day (March, Auckland)
* Service Mesh Day (June, Melbourne)
* Cloud Native Summit (August, Wellington)
* Cloud Native Enterprise (TBC,Wellington)
* Cloud Native Argentina (September, Buenos Aires)
* Trying to grow the team
- Promoting our service around Community Strategy Consultancy
* Establish the team to run same project like in 2020
* Developing our own community platform (community members + organization + metrics)
* Making me feel that I'm not alone on this journey.
* Mentorship + Helping to expanding my local/international network + Helping to promote our projects


Special Keys
These special keys are useful within automation because they
allow you to interact with the system more reliably. For
instance, instead of using a mouseClick
to switch
between input fields, you could use send("{TAB}")
.
Note that these values are case sensitive.
If you want to send a special key that is not on here you can
use keyPress(
int i )
with the integer value of the key you
want to simulate. For many keys you can find this integer value
using the
helper. The integer values found in this
table can also be used.
System Keys
| Alias |
Value |
| {CTRL} |
Control key. |
| {ALT} |
Alt key. |
{ESC}
|
Escape key.
|
| {APPLE} |
Apple key.
|
| {F1-24} |
Any of the functions keys from F1 to F24.
|
Navigation Keys
| Alias |
Value |
| {HOME} |
Home key. |
| {END} |
End key. |
{LEFT}
|
Left arrow key.
|
{RIGHT}
|
Right arrow key.
|
{UP}
|
Up arrow key.
|
{DOWN}
|
Down arrow key.
|
Text Entry Keys
| Alias |
Value |
| {ENTER} |
Enter key. |
| {TAB} |
Tab key. |
{SHIFT}
|
Shift key.
|
| {CAPS} |
Toggles caps lock.
|
| {BACKSPACE} |
Backspace.
|
{DELETE}
|
Normal delete.
|


You choose how much you want to spend and for how long, then CutBack will help you maintain your budget.
Quickly log your expenses and Cutback will show you how much you have left to spend.
We store everything to only your device. Not even Uncle Sam can get to it.


This is version 1.0.5 of the Macromedia Flash (SWF) Deployment Kit, a combination of software and techniques that enables Web developers to deploy content created with Macromedia Flash software in such a way as to make the user's experience as seamless as possible.
Read the Documentation to learn how to use the Deployment Kit in your Web project.


Radio buttons
This is a radio button
This is a radio button
Disabled radio button
Checkboxes
This is a checkbox
This is a checkbox
Disabled checkbox
Toogle checkbox
This is a checkbox
Selectbox
Option 1
Option 2
Option 3
Option 1
Option 2
Option 3


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Hello. My name is SangSeo Yoo, a first-year CS Master student at UCLA. I grew up in South Korea until my junior year in university. Through the dual degree program from Ajou university in South Korea, I came to the US for study. I got my BS degree from Stony Brook University, one of the SUNY colleges, in last May. Basically, I am interested in application development and Big data.


[1] Detail on STANDARD Def. THX setting is constantly evolving i wish they 're setting up well designed.
[2] Detail on STANDARD Def. THX setting is constantly evolving i absolutely love it yourself easily the feeds but from my digital dish that are still cannot go from meeting ISF/THX standards.


constrainedKriging: Constrained, Covariance-Matching Constrained and Universal Point
or Block Kriging
Provides functions for
efficient computations of nonlinear spatial predictions with
local change of support. This package supplies functions for
tow-dimensional spatial interpolation by constrained,
covariance-matching constrained and universal (external drift)
kriging for points or block of any shape for data with a
nonstationary mean function and an isotropic weakly stationary
variogram. The linear spatial interpolation methods,
constrained and covariance-matching constrained kriging,
provide approximately unbiased prediction for nonlinear target
values under change of support. This package
extends the range of geostatistical tools available in R and
provides a veritable alternative to conditional simulation for
nonlinear spatial prediction problems with local change of
support.
Downloads:
Reverse dependencies:
Linking:
Please use the canonical form
https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=constrainedKriging
to link to this page.


continue →
When I entered elementary school, I had a strong speech impediment including a lisp and most people had a hard time understanding me. Because my adopted Korean sister could understand me, people assumed I was speaking in Korean and she was translating for me. In order to overcome my speech impediment, I was sent to special education classes to have oral-motor speech therapy. I hazily remember sitting in a classroom with children that had mental and physical disabilities and not understanding what my problem was. I didn’t understand that no one outside of my immediate family had trouble understanding me.
Appendix


Our work ethic is so sloppy that we had to slap a term like "agile" on it to convince our clients that we know what the hell someone does during sprints, scrums, and the like.
Some text Our work ethic is so sloppy that we had to slap a term like "agile" on it to convince our clients that we know what the hell someone does during sprints, scrums, and the like.


In previous posts we started talking about using Cinder as a Block Storage provider for consumers other than Nova. In particular our first example has been how to use Cinder by itself for Docker. You can catch the first part of that here Cinder providing block storage for more than just Nova
So there we walked through how to install the Cinder Docker Driver and configure things in a simple stand-alone setup. In this post we’re going to follow up on a few things and consume Cinder resources from a Swarm Cluster.
If you’ve never built a Swarm cluster, it’s super easy using Docker 1.12. Even better, if you have an OpenStack Cloud internally, you can check out my post How to Swarm on OpenStack, or watch the Screen Cast and try this out for yourself in about 10 minutes or so.
A little Background
We’re going to start from the poing where we already have a Swarm Cluster set up and ready to use. For simplicity I’m going to use the Swarm deployed on my OpenStack Cloud. That means I’m using Nova Instances as my Swarm Nodes, BUT Nova doesn’t know anything about Cinder in this case.
The whole idea here is how to use Cinder just as Cinder by itself. This all works the same whether you’re Swarm is on
- Bare Metal
- vSphere
- VirtualBox
- OpenStack
Whoa, hold up!!
Did I say use Cinder to provide storage for my Containers running in vSphere???
YES I DID!! and YES YOU CAN!
The whole point of this post is that we only really need Cinder.
Installing/Configuring the cinder-docker-driver on each Docker Node
The following is much the same as we did in part 1 of our post, we’ll go through the same steps, but we’re going to do everything through docker-machine. You could certainly do this with your own bash, python or ansible or whatever, but docker-machine and the command line in my case works really well.
Firs we’ll use curl to fetch and run the install script for the Plugin
$ for each in $(docker-machine ls -q); do; docker-machine ssh $each "curl -sSl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/j-griffith/cinder-docker-driver/master/install.sh | sudo sh -"; done
Remember, we’re manually creating conf files because of the HostUUID issue. Since we’re using OpenStack Instances
here, might as well use their UUID’s for this. I’ve created the files I need,
they’re all the same with the exception of the HostUUID:
entry:
$ for each in 1 2 3 4; do; docker-machine scp cdd.config.swarm-$each.json swarm-$each:~/config.json; done
Now, just move the files into the default cinder dockerdriver directory using sudo…
$ for each in $(docker-machine ls -q); do; docker-machine ssh $each "sudo cp ~/config.json /var/lib/cinder/dockerdriver/config.json"; done
Start the plugin daemon on each Node
$ for each in $(docker-machine ls -q); do; docker-machine ssh $each "sudo service cinder-docker-driver start"; done
Verify the services all started up ok…
$ for each in $(docker-machine ls -q); do; docker-machine ssh $each "sudo service cinder-docker-driver status"; done
● cinder-docker-driver.service - "Cinder Docker Plugin daemon"
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/cinder-docker-driver.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2016-09-13 23:12:52 UTC; 8s ago
Main PID: 26875 (cinder-docker-d)
Tasks: 5
Memory: 1.2M
CPU: 11ms
CGroup: /system.slice/cinder-docker-driver.service
└─26875 /usr/bin/cinder-docker-driver &
Sep 13 23:12:52 swarm-1 systemd[1]: Started "Cinder Docker Plugin daemon".
Sep 13 23:12:52 swarm-1 cinder-docker-driver[26875]: time="2016-09-13T23:12:52Z" level=info msg="Using config file: /var/lib/cinder/dockerdriver/config.json"
Sep 13 23:12:52 swarm-1 cinder-docker-driver[26875]: time="2016-09-13T23:12:52Z" level=info msg="Set InitiatorIFace to: default"
Sep 13 23:12:52 swarm-1 cinder-docker-driver[26875]: time="2016-09-13T23:12:52Z" level=info msg="Set node InitiatorIP to: "
Sep 13 23:12:52 swarm-1 cinder-docker-driver[26875]: time="2016-09-13T23:12:52Z" level=info msg="Set DefaultVolSz to: 1 GiB"
Sep 13 23:12:52 swarm-1 cinder-docker-driver[26875]: time="2016-09-13T23:12:52Z" level=info msg="Set Endpoint to: http://<IP_ADDRESS>:5000/v2.0"
Sep 13 23:12:52 swarm-1 cinder-docker-driver[26875]: time="2016-09-13T23:12:52Z" level=info msg="Set Username to: jdg"
Sep 13 23:12:52 swarm-1 cinder-docker-driver[26875]: time="2016-09-13T23:12:52Z" level=info msg="Set TenantID to: 3dce5dd10b414ac1b942aba8ce8558e7"
......
Easy enough… we’ve now succesfully added/configured the Cinder Plugin to each of our Swarm nodes. We’re ready to deploy Swarm services and consume our Cinder storage.
Our first Swarm Service that Consumes Cinder
The first thing we’ll do now is set our env back to our Swarm Manager Node, and create a Swarm network to use. I just use the basic overlay driver, this network is really important. We’ll specify this in our services and it will do things like enable the containers to communicate across nodes, and also do things like allow us to access a running container from any one of the Swarm Nodes IP addresses (regardless of where the Container is actually running).
$ eval $(docker-machine env swarm-1)
$ docker network create --driver overlay swarm-net
93huy770ajjyvk87hc3kmdabr
$ docker network list
NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE
4bc75c8415f5 bridge bridge local
a4b3019e592a docker_gwbridge bridge local
4fce4f1ddbe0 host host local
0by3ei97kci5 ingress overlay swarm
afafb56eb377 none null local
93huy770ajjy swarm-net overlay swarm
So you’ll notice we did a ```docker network list`` there, we want to make sure we have a network we can use with the SCOPE==swarm.
At this point we’re going to build an “app”, albeit a very simple app. Our app is going to consist of:
- A redis service (that persists data to a Cinder Volume)
- A web service that takes input via a simple web-page and stores the info to our Redis service
The app is a modified version of the Moby-Counter app you’ve probably seen. One thing about Docker is that “counting” apps seem to be THE DEFACTO example, so why break with tradition here.
Start our Redis Service
docker service create --name redis --network swarm-net --mount
type=volume,src=redis-1,dst=/data,volume-driver=cinder -p 6379:6379 redis
So that’s pretty simple, the syntax for service as it relates to Volumes is a little different, but it makes sense once you kinda walk through it.
We want to “mount” something to the container when it starts up
--mount
That thing we want to mount is a “volume”
type=volume
src=redis-1
Name of the src volume to create, or just use one if
it already exists.
dst=/data
That’s where we’re going to mount the src volume in our
container.
volume-driver=cinder
Tells the Docker Volume API which Volume
Plugin/Service to use.
That’s all ther is to it. Swarm will figure out where to place the Container (since we’re not giving it any constraints anywhere one of the Swarm nodes is fair game), And it will communicate with the Cinder Plugin Daemon ON the Node that it places the Container.
The Plugin takes care of all the details:
- Check if Volume already exists
- Create it if it doesn’t
- Perform an iSCSI attach to the Swarm Node
- Format the volume (only if it’s a new Volume that it created)
- Mount the volume on the Swarm Node
- Pass the Mount point into the Container.
Now… if that Container “fails” for some reason, it will be restarted on another node. In that case the above steps are repeated on the new Node. So, you may have lost a node, or your container died, but your storage and “important” data are now efficiently portable across your Swarm Nodes!!!
Start up our web server
$ docker service create --name web --network swarm-net -p 80:80 \
jgriffith/jgriffith-webbase
That’s all there is to it, now you should be able to do docker service
list
and docker service ps <service-id>
to get details about where
your service is running and it’s status.


Copyright © 2021 Paul Fisher. Code licensed under an MIT-style License.
Version {{globals.FULLVERSION}}.


The short answer to this question is: Seoul. Of the 45 students who both responded to the Quest’s survey and spent a semester in South Korea, 37 said that the Seoul residence was where they felt the safest. Most students who responded to the survey had lived in the Yongsan neighborhood residence, which Minerva has used to house students from the class of 2021 on, but the same trend applied to the Gangnam neighborhood residence as well.
Reasons given for feeling safe in Seoul include the prevalence of CCTV cameras and a lack of street harassment.


Steps for development and distributions are the same.
1. Install Win32 OpenSSL Light. It requires MS Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable Package. Both download links are available here http://slproweb.com/products/Win32OpenSSL.html
2. After installation open cmd and navigate to OpenSSL-Win32\\bin if this is the folder you install it to.
First set the env variable:
set RANDFILE=.rnd then
Then type:
openssl
3. First generate the key:
genrsa -out thekey.key 2048
4. Next generate certificate signing request, C stands for your country code:
req -new -key thekey.key -out certificate.csr -subj<EMAIL_ADDRESS>CN=firstname lastname, C=IE" -config "openssl.cfg"
Note: -config "openssl.cfg" is necessary only if you previously got the warning you couldn’t open the config file
5. Log on to developer.apple.com, go to iOS Dev center, click on Certificates, Identifiers & Profiles. Click on Certificates and select Deveopment or Production category depending what you want to do. Create new certificate and when asked to upload the cert signing request select the certificate.csr file you just created. Download it. For development certificate it will be ios_development.cer, for distribution ios_distribution.cer.
6. Next go back to your openssl and generate pem file:
1 |
x509 -in ios_distribution.cer -inform DER -out ios_distribution.pem -outform PEM
|
7. Now you will convert the pem file into p12:
pkcs12 -export -inkey thekey.key -in ios_distribution.pem -out iphone_dist.p12
For development obviously you will use ios_development.pem as intput and iphone_dev.p12 as output, whatever you like really.
8. Next you need to create a new provisioning profile. Go to Provisioning Profiles, click create new, select category, iOS APP Development or App Store for production. For getting the development provisioning you will need to select a device that you added. Next select App ID and then certificate that you just created. Bear in mind that you need separate two certificates for development and distribution - but the process of creating them is the same.
When you finish everything you are ready to 'compile' your iOS app. You will need your .mobileprovision file and .p12. Plug your iDevice, open iTunes and drag development provisioning and the generated .ipa file to the apps category in iTunes, next select that app in iDevice section and sync. For distribution you will need to use MacOS on Mac or VM to install Application Loader and upload your app to the AppStore.