Explore the JWQL API
What is the JWQL API?
JWQL allows users to access the data available through our programmatic Application Programming Interface (API). In short, an API accepts requests for services from a system, gathers the items in the request, and returns a response to the user. A popular example used to describe the functionality of an API is describing the role of a waiter in a restaurant. When you enter a restaurant and sit at your table, you are typically provided a menu containing all of the drink and food options. But how do you communicate your food and drink order to the kitchen staff? This is where the waiter (API) comes in, you provide the waiter with your order (request), they will communicate your order to the kitchen staff (system), and bring your food and drinks when they are prepared (the response). The waiter (API) disguises all of the steps that are necessary to getting your final product delivered (cooking the food, counting stock, knowing recipes, etc.) but, is the link to the user and the response they wish to obtain from a system.
Examples
Here we showcase a few examples of a few of the APIs that we offer. To see a full list of supported APIs click here.
Obtaining Filenames Associated with a Rootname
A user is interested in all of the filenames associated with a specific JWST rootname.
from urllib import request
import json
# Build the URL https://dljwql.stsci.edu/api/roontname/service/
url = 'https://dljwql.stsci.edu/api/jw93025001001_02102_00001_nrca2/filenames/'
req = request.urlopen(url)
filenames = json.loads(req.read().decode())
print(filenames)
{'filenames': ['jw93025001001_02102_00001_nrca2_calints.fits',
'jw93025001001_02102_00001_nrca2_rate.fits',
'jw93025001001_02102_00001_nrca2_rateints.fits',
'jw93025001001_02102_00001_nrca2_trapsfilled.fits',
'jw93025001001_02102_00001_nrca2_uncal.fits']}
Obtaining Thumbnails with Instrument Name
A user is interested in all of the thumbnail associated with the Fine Guider Sensors (FGS).
from urllib import request
import json
# Build the URL https://dljwql.stsci.edu/api/instrument/service/
url = 'https://dljwql.stsci.edu/api/fgs/thumbnails/'
req = request.urlopen(url)
thumbnails = json.loads(req.read().decode())
print(thumbnails)
{'thumbnails': ['jw97012001003_02101_00001_guider1_trapsfilled_integ2.thumb',
'jw97012001001_02101_00001_guider1_rateints_integ1.thumb',
'jw97012001002_02101_00001_guider1_trapsfilled_integ2.thumb',
'jw97012001004_02101_00001_guider1_rateints_integ0.thumb',
'jw97012001003_02101_00001_guider1_rateints_integ0.thumb',
'jw97012001001_02101_00001_guider1_cal_integ0.thumb',
'jw97012001001_02101_00001_guider1_rateints_integ0.thumb',
'jw97012001004_02101_00001_guider1_rate_integ0.thumb',
'jw97012001004_02101_00001_guider1_trapsfilled_integ0.thumb',
'jw97012001001_02101_00001_guider1_trapsfilled_integ1.thumb',
'jw97012001004_02101_00001_guider1_trapsfilled_integ1.thumb',
...,
...]}
Obtaining Filenames with Proposal ID
A user is interested in all of the thumbnail associated with the Fine Guider Sensors (FGS).
from urllib import request
import json
# Build the URL https://dljwql.stsci.edu/api/proposal/service/
url = 'https://dljwql.stsci.edu/api/86600/filenames/'
req = request.urlopen(url)
filenames = json.loads(req.read().decode())
print(filenames)
{'filenames': ['jw86600001001_02101_00001_guider1_cal.fits',
'jw86600001001_02101_00001_guider1_rate.fits',
'jw86600001001_02101_00001_guider1_trapsfilled.fits',
'jw86600001001_02101_00001_guider1_uncal.fits',
'jw86600001001_02101_00002_guider1_cal.fits',
'jw86600001001_02101_00002_guider1_rate.fits',
'jw86600001001_02101_00002_guider1_trapsfilled.fits',
'jw86600001001_02101_00002_guider1_uncal.fits',
'jw86600001001_02101_00003_guider1_cal.fits',
'jw86600001001_02101_00003_guider1_rate.fits',
'jw86600001001_02101_00003_guider1_trapsfilled.fits',
'jw86600001001_02101_00003_guider1_uncal.fits',
'jw86600001001_02101_00004_guider1_cal.fits',
'jw86600001001_02101_00004_guider1_rate.fits',
'jw86600001001_02101_00004_guider1_trapsfilled.fits',
...,
...]}
List of Available Services
- All Proposals (
https://dljwql.stsci.edu/api/proposals/
) - Instrument Proposals (
https://dljwql.stsci.edu/api/<instrument>/proposals/
) - Preview Images by Instrument (
https://dljwql.stsci.edu/api/<instrument>/preview_images/
) - Thumbnails by Instrument (
https://dljwql.stsci.edu/api/<instrument>/thumbnails/
) - Filenames by Proposal (
https://dljwql.stsci.edu/api/<instrument>/proposals/
) - Preview Images by Proposal (
https://dljwql.stsci.edu/api/<proposal>/preview_images/
) - Filenames by Rootname (
https://dljwql.stsci.edu/api/<rootname>/filenames/
) - Preview Images by Rootname (
https://dljwql.stsci.edu/api/<rootname>/preview_images/
) - Thumbnails by Rootname (
https://dljwql.stsci.edu/api/<rootname>/thumbnails/
)
Where <instrument>, <rootname>, <proposal>
are the values for the instrument name, rootname and proposal ID respectivly


| Appeal name | Campaign | Send Date | Audience | Subsource | Signoffs | Scheduled | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| {{ appeal.info.name }} | {{ appeal.info.hasOwnProperty('campaign') && appeal.info.campaign.hasOwnProperty('name') ? appeal.info.campaign.name : appeal.info.campaign }} | {{ appeal.info.sendDate | date }} | {{ appeal.codes.audience | uppercase }} | {{ appeal.codes.s_subsrc }} |
{{ errors }}


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This documentation relates to Opera's now deprecated .oex Extension API framework for Opera versions <= 12.15 and also provided by our OEX2NEX shim library.
For the latest Opera Extensions API documentation for Opera versions > 12.15 please consult the latest Opera Extensions API documentation online.
window
object of the background process.Communicating between different parts of an extension is done by using either the background process or the messaging API.
The background script and injected scripts are isolated from each other and must therefore use the messaging API to communicate. For more information read our article on Opera extensions: messaging
Other parts of an extension, e.g. popup windows and preference pages, can also access the background script by using the messaging API but it's much easier to use the bgProcess
object—a common object that refers to the background script's window
object.
The background process, as the name suggests, is a process constantly running in the background for the lifetime of an extension. It is responsible for browser UI elements (for example the toolbar button and popup windows) and browser actions (opening and closing a tab, etc.).
The two code snippets below send a message, in this case a URL, between an injected script and the background process
//
// The injected script ('/includes/injectedScript.js')
//
window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
// send message to background script telling it what URL we are visiting
opera.extension.postMessage(document.URL);
}, false);
The injected script (above) sends its message using opera.extension.postMessage(message)
which is received by the background process using the event handler opera.extension.onmessage
//
// The background process ('/background.js').
//
// Listen for injected script messages (i.e. for image tags)
opera.extension.onmessage = function(event) {
// got the URL from the injected script
url = event.data;
};


AJ Huff is an ambitious Front End Developer with an interest in UX/UI design who hopes
to bring a creative
problem
solving approach to desiging products and experiences. Innovative self-starter with
experience
building and updating responsive websites. Proficient in HTML, CSS, jQuery, JavaScript
and
Node.js;
plus modern libraries and frameworks. Creative thinker who believes adaptability is key.
Passionate
about collaborating closely with a team to support projects during all phases of
delivery.
AJ lives in San Francisco and is also the author of the Medium blog, "Code Black Boy".


Welcome
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ArgbEvaluator
object ArgbEvaluator : TypeEvaluator<Any>
This evaluator can be used to perform type interpolation between integer values that represent ARGB colors.


|
To embed one template into another, you can use the aframe api at:
{{ a_frame_url }} To call one template from another, you need to supply the correct input parameters as POST data. They are given below in python format as an example. To embed a 'Per-Endpoint' template, you will need to pass the endpoint parameters. To get the endpoint parameters of the existing script, use the {% templatetag openvariable %} af_endpoint_ip {% templatetag closevariable %} syntax. |
| {{ name }} |
| {{ description }} |


Report ID: {{report.reportID}}
Date: {{report.date}}
Project Name: {{report.rep_proj_name}}
Current Iteration: {{report.iteration}}
Status: {{report.status}}
Highlights: {{report.highlights}}
Risk Name: {{report.risk_name}}
Risk Description: {{report.risk_desc}}
Risk Resolution: {{report.risk_res}}
Status: {{report.risk_status}}
Task Name: {{report.task_name}}
Task Description: {{report.task_desc}}
Member Responsible: {{report.task_member}}
Percent Completed: {{report.task_comp}}%
Task Name: {{report.task_name_iter}}
Task Description: {{report.task_desc_iter}}
Member Responsible: {{report.task_member_iter}}
{% endif %}


## Ruby on Rails
![ruby](img/ruby.jpg "Ruby")
## Agenda
* Why Ruby?
* Why Rails?
* Demo webapp
## Why Ruby?
* Interpreted language
* Easy to learn / steep learning curve
* Defined ways of deployment etc.
* Clear error messages and debugging
* Large community with lots of libraries (gems)
* Centralized locations for documentation and libraries
## Contest: Ruby vs Java (1/2)
### Ruby
File.read('file.txt')
## Contest: Ruby vs Java (2/2)
### Java
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("file.txt"));
try {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
String line = br.readLine();
while (line != null) {
sb.append(line);
sb.append(System.lineSeparator());
line = br.readLine();
}
String everything = sb.toString();
} finally {
br.close();
}
## Guess what. We have a winner...
![ruby](img/epic-win.jpg "Ruby wins")
## What is Rails?
Rails is a web application framework designed to work with the Ruby programming language.
## Why Rails?
* Built-in ORM (ActiveRecord)
* All-in-one
* Convention over Configuration
* Don't Repeat Yourself (minimal code)
* Rails conventions lead to less code and less repetition
* Mature
* Baked in testing
## Web framework statistics
| Name | Number of sites |
| ---- | ---- |
| ASP.NET | 42.6 mln |
| PHP | 41.6 mln |
| J2EE | 3.5 mln |
| Ruby on Rails | 1.4 mln |
https://trends.builtwith.com/framework
## Questions?
return answer if questions?
demo


01 Intro
02 Basics
03 Project Setup
04 Components
05 Architecture
06 Templates Basics
07 Templates Advanced
08 Component Architecture
09 Services & HTTP
10 Routing
11 Forms
12 Testing
13 Additional Topics


Accordion
2 different vanilla JS solutions have been implemented. Both don't have smooth scrolling.
- Pedram's solution (All external libraries removed.
No more smooth scrolling.)
- jchiem's solution (Smooth
scrolling only inside container. Text below "jumps".)


Options Saved!
Password length
Max iteration
Max repetition
Stay getvau.lt compatible
Automatically send form after insert
Use loginname as Servicename
Use
as prefix
as suffix
a–z
A–Z
0–9
- / _
SPACE
!@#$%
Required
(
)
Allowed
Forbidden
Cancel
Save
You can also use
the original vault
to generate your passwords
.
Saved user defined page options
This is a beta feature right now and will be improved


ocamlprof - The OCaml profiler
ocamlprof [ options ] filename ...
The ocamlprof command prints execution counts gathered during the execution of a OCaml program instrumented with ocamlcp (1).
It produces a source listing of the program modules given as arguments where execution counts have been inserted as comments. For instance,
ocamlprof foo.ml
prints the source code for the foo module, with comments indicating how many times the functions in this module have been called. Naturally, this information is accurate only if the source file has not been modified since the profiling execution took place.
-f \ dumpfile Specifies an alternate dump file of profiling information.
-F \ string Specifies an additional string to be output with profiling information. By default, ocamlprof (1)will annotate programs with comments of the form (* \ n \ *) where n is the counter value for a profiling point. With option -F \ s the annotation will be (* \ sn \ *)
-impl \ filename Compile the file filename as an implementation file, even if its extension is not .ml.
-intf \ filename Compile the file filename as an interface file, even if its extension is not .mli.
-version Print version string and exit.
-vnum Print short version number and exit.
-help \ or \ --helpDisplay a short usage summary and exit.
ocamlcp (1).
The OCaml user's manual , chapter "Profiling".


0.1.3
Events expected:
Extends EventManager
(any
= null
)
(THREE.Mesh)
mesh object
(string)
id of the mesh (as used within this collection)
(string)
id of the element that could not be loaded
(string)
name of the step being in progression (ie. 'parsing')
(number)
percentage of progress on the 'step'
(Error)
the error explaining what was wrong
(string)
id of the element that could not be loaded
(string)
the explanation
(string)
ID of the mesh being loaded
Load a mesh file from a distant file, with the provided url.
(string)
the url to load the file from
(object
= {}
)
the options object
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
options.format string
|
must be one of: 'obj' (no others for the moment :D ) |
options.id string
|
the id to attribute to the mesh once it will be part of the collection. Automatically generated if not provided |
options.makeVisible boolean
|
if true, the mesh will be added and made visible once loaded. If false, it's just going to be parsed and will have to be added later using its id (default: true) |
options.color string
|
the color to apply to the mesh in the format '#FFFFFF' (default: '#FFFFFF', does not apply if a material is given) |
options.focusOn boolean
|
once loaded, the camera will look at it |
options.material THREE.Material
|
the material to apply to this mesh (default: a generated Fresnel material) |
Show the mesh that has such id
(any)
Hide the mesh that has such id
(any)
NOT WORKING FOR NOW
(any)
Load a mesh file from a distant file, with the provided url.
(string)
the url to load the file from
(object
= {}
)
the options object
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
options.size number
|
size of each point (default: 100, as the space unit is probably going to be micron) |
options.format string
|
must be one of: 'raw' (no others for the moment :D ) |
options.id string
|
the id to attribute to the mesh once it will be part of the collection. Automatically generated if not provided |
options.makeVisible boolean
|
if true, the mesh will be added and made visible once loaded. If false, it's just going to be parsed and will have to be added later using its id (default: true) |
options.color string
|
the color to apply to the mesh in the format '#FFFFFF' (default: '#FFFFFF', does not apply if a material is given) |
options.focusOn boolean
|
once loaded, the camera will look at it |
options.blending string
|
blending methods for points among: 'NoBlending', 'NormalBlending', 'AdditiveBlending', 'SubtractiveBlending', 'MultiplyBlending' (default: 'NoBlending') |
options.alpha Number
|
transparency in [0, 1] , 0 is entirely transparent and 1 is entirely opaque (default: 0.7) |
Load a mesh file from a distant file, with the provided url.
(Float32Array)
the positions buffer as
[xyzxyzxyz...]
(object
= {}
)
the options object
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
options.size number
|
size of each point (default: 100, as the space unit is probably going to be micron) |
options.format string
|
must be one of: 'raw' (no others for the moment :D ) |
options.id string
|
the id to attribute to the mesh once it will be part of the collection. Automatically generated if not provided |
options.makeVisible boolean
|
if true, the mesh will be added and made visible once loaded. If false, it's just going to be parsed and will have to be added later using its id (default: true) |
options.color string
|
the color to apply to the mesh in the format '#FFFFFF' (default: '#FFFFFF', does not apply if a material is given) |
options.focusOn boolean
|
once loaded, the camera will look at it |
options.blending string
|
blending methods for points among: 'NoBlending', 'NormalBlending', 'AdditiveBlending', 'SubtractiveBlending', 'MultiplyBlending' (default: 'NoBlending') |
options.alpha Number
|
transparency in [0, 1] , 0 is entirely transparent and 1 is entirely opaque (default: 0.7) |
TEST
(any
= 1000
)
(any)


INTERVIEW: How fellow artistes abandoned me in my moment of need -- Salawa Abeni
by Jayne AugoyeAfter more than four decades as a performing artiste, Queen of Waka music, Salawa Abeni, is not a pushover in the Nigerian entertainment scene.
Her debut album titled ’Late General Murtala Ramat Mohammed released in 1976, on Leader Records, was a commercial success. It was the first recording by a Yoruba female musician to sell over a million copies in Nigeria.
With 42 albums in her kitty, the Nigerian music legend has said she is not slowing down just yet.
In this interview with PREMIUM TIMES, the Queen of Waka Music speaks about her humble beginnings, six-year-haitus and her future plans
PT: It’s almost impossible to figure out the number of albums you have. I attempted to and lost count as some point.
Salawa: I get that a lot and it’s understandable because I have countless hit songs. I recorded my first two songs in 1976 and so I have I 42 albums to my credit. My debut album Late General Murtala Ramat Mohammed, was released in 1976,
PT: Is singing and music all you have always wanted to do?
Salawa: As a teenager (13), it dawned on me that I was born to do music. While living with my guardian in Igbogun, I developed a liking for the music of the likes Ebenezer Obey, King Sunny Ade and many others while listening to a radio programme.
It was called ‘E je ka lo sun’ and aired on Radio Lagos. I recall that I would leave my friends and go to listen to the programme.
One day it struck me that I wanted to be famous. I wanted to be a star. I thank God because he chose the best career for me. Music has opened doors for me and my family.
PT : How did you handle stigmatisation of female entertainers at the onset of your career?
Salawa: People who know me know that I don’t give a hoot about negative comments and I think this is one of the qualities that has helped shape my career and mindset. Some people have labelled me a prostitute but I don’t pay attention to them.
I have my children, my career and God is proving Himself in my life. It’s my career and I have chosen my life’s path.
PT: You have had your own share of big scandals. Do you mean they never got to you?
Salawa: Not everyone will love you even if you are a star. My critics have said many things, I refused to be moved because there is nothing new to talk about.
Every woman is called a prostitute.  God has blessed me with a rare favour of having friends that are more educated and richer than me.
So I consider myself blessed and favoured to be who I am and where I am today.
PT: What was responsible for your hiatus from the entertainment scene?
Salawa: I fell ill for the first time around 2008 and it lasted for about five to six years. I can’t even explain how it began.
I just suddenly fell terribly ill and couldn’t go out. I could not perform or sing at events because I could not walk. I was paralysed. I kept praying to Allah to have mercy on me and help me recover the lost years.
PT: What was the nature of the illness?
Salawa: I wish I could explain what happened but it was paralysed and was really bad. I’m grateful to Almighty Allah because not everyone could go through what I went through and still survive.
Thank God for my siblings, my children, my band boys, former Governors of Lagos State, Bola Tinubu, Babatunde Fashola and Akinwummi Ambode, who came to my aid during the recovery phase.
I was out of the scene for six years and you know what that means for any entertainer. My band boys never abandoned for a day even while I was ill and you know that it’s a rare among entertainers.
PT: What fears did you have at the time?
Salawa: I doubted I would ever be able to walk again and all I could remember asking God if it was going to ever be a possibility. How and when would I recover? Would I ever walk again?
It was a trying time for me because I sold all; houses, cars, jewellery etc and I even started reaching out to my friends.
It was a challenging time for me. I was down, I was out, I was pauperised but God saw me through. but thank God, I’m fully back and restored now.
PT: Some people said your son’s death triggered your illness.
Salawa: I prayed to Almighty Allah that after the death of my son, Idris Olanrewaju, God should never allow me see the death of any child again.
My late son, Lanre, was the only bond between his late father, Lati Adepoju, and I. I can say the problem started when I lost him.
Even the volumes 1- 15 of my LPs are still with his late father’s recording company and they are not ready to release them to me.
My son, Lanre, died October 2, 2000 but I pray the wound heals permanently. It’s not good for a child to die before the parents. May that evil be averted in all homes by God’s grace.
PT: What kept you going during such a trying time?
Salawa: God sent me helpers. The late Alhaji Ayinde Barrister, was a pillar of support for me. The father-daughter love between us has extended to his children, who love me so much. He was a good father.
Also, (ex-governor) Bola Tinubu and his mum, Mama Abibatu Mogaji were very concerned and helped me out.
I performed at mama’s 70, 75 and 80th birthday parties respectively. Mama would cook and send stews and soup to me. Mama would give me money.  As old as Mama was when she saw that I could not walk again, she would send people to pray for me and always checked on me.
PT: Did your colleagues reach out to you?
Salawa: No they didn’t. Some ran away and others didn’t even pick my calls. After my recovery, some told me that they didn’t know where I was and could not locate me.
During my illness, I learnt that it’s foolish to wait for a fellow artiste to die before donating money for burial or to give to the family. But then, I never took offence in anyone.
PT: What is your relationship with Ayinla Kollington?
Salawa: No comment please. I would rather not talk about this because our marriage produced children.
PT: Have you had any gigs since your recovery?
Salawa: Yes I have. I’m grateful to God that and I can now dance and stand throughout any performance. Since I returned fully to entertainment, my weekends are always busy but I still take time to pray.
It’s been a great time and as a grandma, I have my hands full too.
PT: Any plans to collaborate with younger contemporary musicians?
Salawa: Yes, that is in the works as soon as I am well settled. This is why I’m currently mentoring a lot of young musicians in my industry including women. Thankfully, my son, Big Sheff took up music as a profession. My children are lucky because their father and I are into music.
PT: What is the next phase for Salawa?
Salawa: I pray to be a legend in this industry. I desire to be old and be a legend, whose music would outlive her. I am still a young woman, my children are still young but I want my career to soar and make impact in the lives of younger generations.
I know Salawa Abeni is a talent that can’t be wasted.


Appended to The Dabbler review of a history of the Ordnance Survey, a comment from Jonathon Green to serve as a warning to surveyors, geometers, and cartographers everywhere:
My favourite, if tragic cartographical story is retailed by Graham Robb in The Discovery of France (2007). It tells how a young geometer, employed in surveying a country that was still highly localised and almost wholly unmapped, arrived in the village of Les Estables, some forty miles (and about 400 years) away from Lyons. The villagers, simple peasant folk with their simple peasant ways and beliefs, assumed that this outsider, never seen in their village, must therefore be a herald of Satan. They hacked him to pieces.


Possible Memory Leak and Event Sink
x2net event handlers are based on method delegates of .NET framework. They may target either static methods or instance methods.
new Event().Bind(MyClass.StaticMethod); // Static method delegate handler
var myClass = new MyClass();
new Event().Bind(myClass.InstanceMethod); // Instance method delegate handler
public class MyClass
{
public static StaticMethod(Event e) { ... }
public InstanceMethod(Event e) { ... }
}
Please remember that an instance method delegate preserves a strong reference to the instance. In the above example, even if myClass instance is not referenced any more, it will not be garbage-collected as long as the associated instance method handler remains. To avoid such memory leak, you need to unbind all the instance method handlers targeting an instance that is no longer used. This is affordable when there are not many handlers, but quickly becomes tedious and error-prone as the number of handler bindings increases.
In order to minimize the possibility of such memory leak, x2net introduces the utility class EventSink
implementing IDisposable
interface. If any of your classes should handle events, make it a subclass of EventSink
and call Dispose()
when you finish using its instance in order to remove all the instance handler bindings targeting it.
new Event().Bind(MyClass.StaticMethod); // Static method delegate handler
var myClass = new MyClass();
new Event().Bind(myClass.InstanceMethod); // Instance method delegate handler
...
myClass.Dispose(); // Removes all the handler bindings targeting this instance
public class MyClass : EventSink
{
public static StaticMethod(Event e) { ... }
public InstanceMethod(Event e) { ... }
}
The Case
abstract class that you might use as a base of your business logic already inherits from EventSink
class, and all the handler bindings referencing a case object will be automatically removed when its holding flow stops.
However, if you need to write another object that receives and handles events in your application, you should be aware of the possibility of this kind of memory leak, and consider subclassing EventSink
and securing Dispose()
method call.


Projectile Motion Simulator
Return home
Initial Conditions
This simulation shows the path of an object in free fall under the force of gravity near the surface of earth (so \( g \), the acceleration due to gravity, is equal to 9.8 meters per second). You can control the simulation by entering initial conditions for the projectile (\( \vec{v_0} \), the initial velocity, and \( \vec{p_0} \), the initial position at launch). By Newton's second law, \[ F=ma \implies a = F/m \]
This applies independently in both the \( x \) and \( y \) directions. As there are no unbalanced forces in the simulation in the \( x \) direction, the \( x \) component of the projectile's acceleration is zero. The only component in the y direction has magnitude \( g \) and is directed downwards. So, the acceleration vector of the projectile is \( \vec{a}(t)=\left(0,-g\right) \). We can integrate this vector-valued function with respect to the time parameter \( t \) to obtain the projectile's velocity: \[ \vec{v}(t) = \int {\vec{a}(t)} \text{d}t \\ = \int{\left(0,-g\right)} \text{d}t \\ = \left(0,-gt\right) + \vec{c_1} \]
where \( \vec{c_1} \) is an arbitrary vector constant. We can use the initial velocity condition to solve for this constant. The initial condition tells us that \( \vec{v}(0)=\vec{v_0} \). From the equation above, \( \vec{v}(0)=\left(0,0\right)+\vec{c_1} \) so \( \vec{c_1} \) must be \( \vec{v_0} \) to satisfy the initial condition. We can now integrate the velocity to with respect to time to get the projectile's position: \[ \vec{p}(t)=\int { \vec{v}(t) } \text{d}t \\ = \int{ \left(\left( 0,-gt \right) + \vec{v_0}\right) } \ \text{d} t \\ = \left( 0, -\frac{1}{2}gt^{2} \right) + \vec{v_0}t + \vec{c_2} \]
The second initial condition says \( \vec{p}(0)=\vec{p_0} \). Since all other terms of the integral become the zero vector at \(t=0\), the final equation for the path of motion of the projectile is \[ \vec{p}(t) = \left( 0, -\frac{1}{2}gt^{2} \right) + \vec{v_0}t + \vec{p_0} \]
Or, \[ \vec{p}(t) = \left( p_{0x}+v_{0x}t, p_{0y}+v_{0y}t-\frac{1}{2}gt^2 \right) \]
.
.


This is my website. Here are my projects.
This software lets you search, download, play and manage a library of classic games. Think of it as an iTunes of old games.
D-Spencer is a Sentry Gun that shots food. Give clients what they want.
This game was made for the BaconGameJam07, with the theme "hungry".
This is the saga of Crusher, an alien who is trapped in a land made of candy. Help him overcome the dangers ahead.
This game was made for the Candy Jam.


A handy function to iterate stuff is the function purrr::map
. It takes a function and applies it to all elements of a given vector. This vector can be a data frame - which is a list, tecnically - or some other sort of of list (normal atomic vectors are fine, too).
However, purrr::map
is designed to return lists (not dataframes). For example, if you apply mosaic::favstats
to map, you will get some favorite statistics for some variable:
library(mosaic)
library(tidyverse)
data(tips, package = "reshape2")
favstats(tips$tip)
## min Q1 median Q3 max mean sd n missing
## 1 2 2.9 3.5625 10 2.998279 1.383638 244 0
Note that favstats
does not accept several columns/variables as parameters; one only at a time is permitted.
Ok, let’s apply favstats
to each numeric column of our dataframe:
tips %>%
select_if(is.numeric) %>%
map(mosaic::favstats)
## $total_bill
## min Q1 median Q3 max mean sd n missing
## 3.07 13.3475 17.795 24.1275 50.81 19.78594 8.902412 244 0
##
## $tip
## min Q1 median Q3 max mean sd n missing
## 1 2 2.9 3.5625 10 2.998279 1.383638 244 0
##
## $size
## min Q1 median Q3 max mean sd n missing
## 1 2 2 3 6 2.569672 0.9510998 244 0
Quite nice, but we are given back a list with several elements; each element is a “row” of our to-be dataframe. How to change this list to a regular dataframe (tibble)?
This trick can be solved by use of some sort of repeated rbind
. rbind
binds rows together, hence the name. But rbinds
does only accept two elements as input. Now comes do.call
to help. Effectiveley, do.call
does something like: rbind(my_list[[1]], my_list[[2]], my_list[[2]], ...)
(this is pseudo code).
tips %>%
select_if(is.numeric) %>%
map(mosaic::favstats) %>%
do.call(rbind, .)
## min Q1 median Q3 max mean sd n
## total_bill 3.07 13.3475 17.795 24.1275 50.81 19.785943 8.9024120 244
## tip 1.00 2.0000 2.900 3.5625 10.00 2.998279 1.3836382 244
## size 1.00 2.0000 2.000 3.0000 6.00 2.569672 0.9510998 244
## missing
## total_bill 0
## tip 0
## size 0
Note the little dot in rbind
.
Now be happy with the dataframe :-)


Get all Place Names where suggestions in spelling is "Lavollen".
GetPropertyValue operation - get property value "app:posisjon" from objects of type "app:Sted":
- Max number (count): 50
- Property (valueReference): app:posisjon
- Object types (typeNames): app:Sted
- Selection (Filter): Objects which contain "Drag" as suggestions in spelling specified by fes:PropertyIsEqualTo
- Sorting (SortBy): none
Free Place Name data, for use in Web services, tables, lists and derived map products on land and sea. Place Names and information about variations in spelling, language, geographical location, object type, legal status of the given name (official/unofficial) and administrative affiliation.
http://www.kartverket.no/en/


help-center If you need an assistance while placing the order please contact us or just drink a shot or two of brand wine in the nearest bar +4(324)239-82-93-48<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Timeline Info With an Average timeline setup, our expert can take a reasonable amount of time perfecting your translation


--- layout: post title: Mobile Advertising Should Benefit The User, Not The Advertiser date: 2005-01-26 00:00:00 category: mobile ---
Mobile Advertising Should Benefit The User, Not The Advertiser: "The future of mobile advertising isn't about taking what works in the online world and making it mobile, but in creating new offerings that actually recognize that the recipient is mobile."
Is this wishful thinking? The same thing was said about the fixed-line internet: that we were entering an age of one-to-one marketing, personalised and highly targeted offers, and so on. Yet despite some notable exceptions (Amazon, Google Ads), what is the bulk of online advertising? Pop-ups, banner ads and email spam.


--- title: Batch normalization layer (Ioffe and Szegedy, 2014). type: docs repo: https://github.com/rstudio/keras menu: main: name: Batch normalization layer (Ioffe and Szegedy, 2014). - keras parent: keras-reference aliases: - /reference/keras/layer_batch_normalization.html - /keras/reference/layer_batch_normalization.html - /guide/keras/reference/layer_batch_normalization.html - /tools/tools/keras/reference/layer_batch_normalization.html - /installation/keras/reference/layer_batch_normalization.html - /tutorials/keras/reference/layer_batch_normalization.html - /guide/tools/keras/reference/layer_batch_normalization.html - /deploy/keras/reference/layer_batch_normalization.html - /tools/keras/reference/layer_batch_normalization.html - /tutorials/tools/keras/reference/layer_batch_normalization.html ---
Normalize the activations of the previous layer at each batch, i.e. applies a transformation that maintains the mean activation close to 0 and the activation standard deviation close to 1.
layer_batch_normalization(
object,
axis = -1L,
momentum = 0.99,
epsilon = 0.001,
center = TRUE,
scale = TRUE,
beta_initializer = "zeros",
gamma_initializer = "ones",
moving_mean_initializer = "zeros",
moving_variance_initializer = "ones",
beta_regularizer = NULL,
gamma_regularizer = NULL,
beta_constraint = NULL,
gamma_constraint = NULL,
renorm = FALSE,
renorm_clipping = NULL,
renorm_momentum = 0.99,
fused = NULL,
virtual_batch_size = NULL,
adjustment = NULL,
input_shape = NULL,
batch_input_shape = NULL,
batch_size = NULL,
dtype = NULL,
name = NULL,
trainable = NULL,
weights = NULL
)
| object | Model or layer object |
| axis | Integer, the axis that should be normalized (typically the
features axis). For instance, after a |
| momentum | Momentum for the moving mean and the moving variance. |
| epsilon | Small float added to variance to avoid dividing by zero. |
| center | If TRUE, add offset of |
| scale | If TRUE, multiply by |
| beta_initializer | Initializer for the beta weight. |
| gamma_initializer | Initializer for the gamma weight. |
| moving_mean_initializer | Initializer for the moving mean. |
| moving_variance_initializer | Initializer for the moving variance. |
| beta_regularizer | Optional regularizer for the beta weight. |
| gamma_regularizer | Optional regularizer for the gamma weight. |
| beta_constraint | Optional constraint for the beta weight. |
| gamma_constraint | Optional constraint for the gamma weight. |
| renorm | Whether to use Batch Renormalization (https://arxiv.org/abs/1702.03275). This adds extra variables during training. The inference is the same for either value of this parameter. |
| renorm_clipping | A named list or dictionary that may map keys |
| renorm_momentum | Momentum used to update the moving means and standard deviations with renorm. Unlike momentum, this affects training and should be neither too small (which would add noise) nor too large (which would give stale estimates). Note that momentum is still applied to get the means and variances for inference. |
| fused |
|
| virtual_batch_size | An integer. By default, virtual_batch_size is |
| adjustment | A function taking the Tensor containing the (dynamic) shape
of the input tensor and returning a pair |
| input_shape | Dimensionality of the input (integer) not including the samples axis. This argument is required when using this layer as the first layer in a model. |
| batch_input_shape | Shapes, including the batch size. For instance,
|
| batch_size | Fixed batch size for layer |
| dtype | The data type expected by the input, as a string ( |
| name | An optional name string for the layer. Should be unique in a model (do not reuse the same name twice). It will be autogenerated if it isn't provided. |
| trainable | Whether the layer weights will be updated during training. |
| weights | Initial weights for layer. |
Arbitrary. Use the keyword argument input_shape
(list
of integers, does not include the samples axis) when using this layer as
the first layer in a model.
Same shape as input.


| 1 |
Kim_S_2012 |
Replication, Neurotropism, and Pathogenicity of Avian Paramyxovirus Serotypes 1–9 in Chickens and Ducks |
Kim, Shin-Hee; Xiao, Sa; Shive, Heather; Collins, Peter L.; Samal, Siba K. |
2012 |
2012-04-30 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC3340391 |
22558104.0 |
10.1371/journal.pone.0034927 |
wmphlnpt |
0.787429 |
Tallmadge_2008 |
|
| 2 |
Khattar_2013 |
Evaluation of the Replication, Pathogenicity, and Immunogenicity of Avian Paramyxovirus (APMV) Serotypes 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 9 in Rhesus Macaques |
Khattar, Sunil K.; Nayak, Baibaswata; Kim, Shin-Hee; Xiao, Sa; Samal, Sweety; Paldurai, Anandan; Buchholz, Ursula J.; Collins, Peter L.; Samal, Siba K. |
2013 |
2013-10-10 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC3794941 |
24130713.0 |
10.1371/journal.pone.0075456 |
0littefv |
0.770350 |
Tallmadge_2008 |
Kim_S_2012 |
| 3 |
Tian_2020 |
Isolation and Selection of Duck Primary Cells as Pathogenic and Innate Immunologic Cell Models for Duck Plague Virus |
Tian, Bin; Cai, Dongjie; He, Tianqiong; Deng, Liyao; Wu, Liping; Wang, Mingshu; Jia, Renyong; Zhu, Dekang; Liu, Mafeng; Yang, Qiao; Wu, Ying; Zhao, Xinxin; Chen, Shun; Zhang, Shaqiu; Huang, Juan; Ou, Xumin; Mao, Sai; Yu, Yanling; Zhang, Ling; Liu, Yunya; Cheng, Anchun |
2020 |
2020-01-28 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC6999086 |
32063900.0 |
10.3389/fimmu.2019.03131 |
xf6glr2h |
0.674293 |
Tallmadge_2008 |
|
| 4 |
Hayasaka_2007 |
Pathogeneses of respiratory infections with virulent and attenuated vaccinia viruses |
Hayasaka, Daisuke; Ennis, Francis A; Terajima, Masanori |
2007 |
2007-02-27 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC1810241 |
17326843.0 |
10.1186/1743-422x-4-22 |
6hret3xy |
0.665359 |
Tallmadge_2008, Macnaughton_1980 |
|
| 5 |
de_Vries_2018 |
Paramyxovirus Infections in Ex Vivo Lung Slice Cultures of Different Host Species |
de Vries, Rory D.; Rennick, Linda J.; Duprex, W. Paul; de Swart, Rik L. |
2018 |
2018-03-27 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC6526457 |
31164557.0 |
10.3390/mps1020012 |
uo0hdrgc |
0.643088 |
|
|
| 6 |
Capraro_2008 |
Virus growth and antibody responses following respiratory tract infection of ferrets and mice with WT and P/V mutants of the paramyxovirus Simian Virus 5 |
Capraro, Gerald A.; Johnson, John B.; Kock, Nancy D.; Parks, Griffith D. |
2008 |
2008-07-05 |
None |
N |
PMC2574746 |
18456301.0 |
10.1016/j.virol.2008.03.034 |
uoy5y7x8 |
0.630111 |
|
|
| 7 |
Peña_2016 |
Sendai virus intra-host population dynamics and host immunocompetence influence viral virulence during in vivo passage |
Peña, José; Chen-Harris, Haiyin; Allen, Jonathan E.; Hwang, Mona; Elsheikh, Maher; Mabery, Shalini; Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Helle; Zemla, Adam T.; Bowen, Richard A.; Borucki, Monica K. |
2016 |
2016-04-09 |
NONCOMM |
N |
PMC4989884 |
27774301.0 |
10.1093/ve/vew008 |
z7f720dj |
0.575140 |
|
|
| 8 |
Panda_2004 |
Role of fusion protein cleavage site in the virulence of Newcastle disease virus |
Panda, Aruna; Huang, Zhuhui; Elankumaran, Subbiah; Rockemann, Daniel D; Samal, Siba K |
2004 |
2004-01-31 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7125746 |
14643634.0 |
10.1016/j.micpath.2003.07.003 |
b447w202 |
0.548754 |
Tallmadge_2008, Si_F_2020 |
|
| 9 |
Ueki_2020 |
Multicolor two-photon imaging of in vivo cellular pathophysiology upon influenza virus infection using the two-photon IMPRESS |
Ueki, Hiroshi; Wang, I-Hsuan; Zhao, Dongming; Gunzer, Matthias; Kawaoka, Yoshihiro |
2020 |
2020-01-29 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7086515 |
31996843.0 |
10.1038/s41596-019-0275-y |
4lhh3du0 |
0.533103 |
de_Vries_2018 |
Sewald_2018 |
| 10 |
Zhu_W_2007 |
The attenuation of vaccinia Tian Tan strain by the removal of the viral M1L-K2L genes |
Zhu, Weijun; Fang, Qing; Zhuang, Ke; Wang, Haibo; Yu, Wenbo; Zhou, Jingying; Liu, Li; Tien, Po; Zhang, Linqi; Chen, Zhiwei |
2007 |
2007-09-30 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7112875 |
17459491.0 |
10.1016/j.jviromet.2007.03.012 |
sgpktv4g |
0.506377 |
Tallmadge_2008, Armesto_2007, Bickerton_2017, Keep_2015 |
Zhao_2019 |
| 11 |
Wen_Z_2013 |
Recombinant lentogenic Newcastle disease virus expressing Ebola virus GP infects cells independently of exogenous trypsin and uses macropinocytosis as the major pathway for cell entry |
Wen, Zhiyuan; Zhao, Bolin; Song, Kun; Hu, Xule; Chen, Weiye; Kong, Dongni; Ge, Jinying; Bu, Zhigao |
2013 |
2013-11-09 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC3826533 |
24209904.0 |
10.1186/1743-422x-10-331 |
b787aq6i |
0.503388 |
Tallmadge_2008 |
Mittelholzer_1997 |
| 12 |
Chefer_2018 |
The Human Sodium Iodide Symporter as a Reporter Gene for Studying Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Pathogenesis |
Chefer, Svetlana; Seidel, Jurgen; Cockrell, Adam S.; Yount, Boyd; Solomon, Jeffrey; Hagen, Katie R.; Liu, David X.; Huzella, Louis M.; Kumar, Mia R.; Postnikova, Elena; Bohannon, J. Kyle; Lackemeyer, Matthew G.; Cooper, Kurt; Endlich-Frazier, Ariel; Sharma, Heema; Thomasson, David; Bartos, Christopher; Sayre, Philip J.; Sims, Amy; Dyall, Julie; Holbrook, Michael R.; Jahrling, Peter B.; Baric, Ralph S.; Johnson, Reed F. |
2018 |
2018-12-12 |
PMC |
N |
PMC6291621 |
30541777.0 |
10.1128/msphere.00540-18 |
d378ighp |
0.493998 |
Tallmadge_2008 |
|
| 13 |
Kao_C_2018 |
The Characterization of Immunoprotection Induced by a cDNA Clone Derived from the Attenuated Taiwan Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Pintung 52 Strain |
Kao, Chi-Fei; Chiou, Hue-Ying; Chang, Yen-Chen; Hsueh, Cheng-Shun; Jeng, Chian-Ren; Tsai, Pei-Shiue; Cheng, Ivan-Chen; Pang, Victor Fei; Chang, Hui-Wen |
2018 |
2018-10-04 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC6213177 |
30287770.0 |
10.3390/v10100543 |
xorj8tnz |
0.464781 |
Tallmadge_2008 |
|
| 14 |
Lerner_1998 |
FIV infection of IL-2-dependent and -independent feline lymphocyte lines: Host cells range distinctions and specific cytokine upregulation |
Lerner, Danica L.; Grant, Chris K.; de Parseval, Aymeric; Elder, John H. |
1998 |
1998-10-23 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7119630 |
9839880.0 |
10.1016/s0165-2427(98)00162-7 |
rvj1ssfp |
0.463504 |
Yamaguchi_1991 |
Yamaguchi_1991 |
| 15 |
Varela_2013 |
Schmallenberg Virus Pathogenesis, Tropism and Interaction with the Innate Immune System of the Host |
Varela, Mariana; Schnettler, Esther; Caporale, Marco; Murgia, Claudio; Barry, Gerald; McFarlane, Melanie; McGregor, Eva; Piras, Ilaria M.; Shaw, Andrew; Lamm, Catherine; Janowicz, Anna; Beer, Martin; Glass, Mandy; Herder, Vanessa; Hahn, Kerstin; Baumgärtner, Wolfgang; Kohl, Alain; Palmarini, Massimo |
2013 |
2013-01-10 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC3542112 |
23326235.0 |
10.1371/journal.ppat.1003133 |
7cgqxt2m |
0.435304 |
Tallmadge_2008 |
|
| 16 |
Jung_2018 |
Susceptibility of porcine IPEC-J2 intestinal epithelial cells to infection with porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) and serum cytokine responses of gnotobiotic pigs to acute infection with IPEC-J2 cell culture-passaged PDCoV |
Jung, Kwonil; Miyazaki, Ayako; Hu, Hui; Saif, Linda J. |
2018 |
2018-07-31 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7117386 |
29981708.0 |
10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.05.019 |
f2iqc1cc |
0.419472 |
Ishii_1992, Kaushik_2008, Oosterhoff_2015 |
Sudaryatma_2018 |
| 17 |
Beall_2016 |
Characterization of a Pathogenic Full-Length cDNA Clone and Transmission Model for Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Strain PC22A |
Beall, Anne; Yount, Boyd; Lin, Chun-Ming; Hou, Yixuan; Wang, Qiuhong; Saif, Linda; Baric, Ralph |
2016 |
2016-01-05 |
NONCOMM |
N |
PMC4724997 |
26733065.0 |
10.1128/mbio.01451-15 |
mizygp4j |
0.417592 |
Tallmadge_2008 |
Truong_2004, Zhao_2019 |
| 18 |
Dea_S_1991 |
Isolation of encephalomyocarditis virus among stillborn and post-weaning pigs in Quebec |
Dea, S. A.; Bilodeau, R.; Martineau, G. P. |
1991 |
1991-01-01 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7086762 |
1848748.0 |
10.1007/bf01310497 |
llex3yed |
0.414527 |
Tallmadge_2008 |
|
| 19 |
Suárez_2008 |
Endothelial Cells Support Persistent Gammaherpesvirus 68 Infection |
Suárez, Andrea Luísa; van Dyk, Linda Faye |
2008 |
2008-09-12 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC2526176 |
18787698.0 |
10.1371/journal.ppat.1000152 |
fpsyem7x |
0.404078 |
|
|
| 20 |
Kim_S_2013 |
Mutations in the Fusion Protein Cleavage Site of Avian Paramyxovirus Serotype 4 Confer Increased Replication and Syncytium Formation In Vitro but Not Increased Replication and Pathogenicity in Chickens and Ducks |
Kim, Shin-Hee; Xiao, Sa; Shive, Heather; Collins, Peter L.; Samal, Siba K. |
2013 |
2013-01-14 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC3544850 |
23341874.0 |
10.1371/journal.pone.0050598 |
y24kbzy1 |
0.359725 |
Tallmadge_2008, Armesto_2007, Si_F_2020 |
Brockway_2005 |
| 21 |
Guo_Y_2009 |
Anatid herpesvirus 1 CH virulent strain induces syncytium and apoptosis in duck embryo fibroblast cultures |
Guo, Yufei; Shen, Chanjuan; Cheng, Anchun; Wang, Mingshu; Zhang, Na; Chen, Shun; Zhou, Yi |
2009 |
2009-09-18 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7126888 |
19410389.0 |
10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.04.006 |
lo9sdf38 |
0.351795 |
|
Sudaryatma_2018 |
| 22 |
Hofmann_2015 |
Genetic stability of Schmallenberg virus in vivo during an epidemic, and in vitro, when passaged in the highly susceptible porcine SK-6 cell line |
Hofmann, Martin A.; Mader, Markus; Flückiger, Franziska; Renzullo, Sandra |
2015 |
2015-03-23 |
PMC |
N |
|
25623013.0 |
10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.01.010 |
6v80y690 |
0.330975 |
Armesto_2007, Bickerton_2017 |
|
| 23 |
Zhang_2019 |
Genetic manipulation of porcine deltacoronavirus reveals insights into NS6 and NS7 functions: a novel strategy for vaccine design |
Zhang, Mengjia; Li, Wan; Zhou, Peng; Liu, Dejian; Luo, Rui; Jongkaewwattana, Anan; He, Qigai |
2019 |
2019-12-20 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC6968670 |
31859605.0 |
10.1080/22221751.2019.1701391 |
odyb4slr |
0.316933 |
Armesto_2007, Si_F_2020 |
|
| 24 |
Fu_Y_2019 |
Infection Studies in Pigs and Porcine Airway Epithelial Cells Reveal an Evolution of A(H1N1)pdm09 Influenza A Viruses Toward Lower Virulence |
Fu, Yuguang; Dürrwald, Ralf; Meng, Fandan; Tong, Jie; Wu, Nai-Huei; Su, Ang; Yin, Xiangping; Haas, Ludwig; Schmidtke, Michaela; Zell, Roland; Krumbholz, Andi; Herrler, Georg |
2019 |
2019-05-15 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7107423 |
30776304.0 |
10.1093/infdis/jiy719 |
gks3goc9 |
0.315654 |
Tallmadge_2008 |
|
| 25 |
Schaap-Nutt_2010 |
Human parainfluenza virus type 2 V protein inhibits interferon production and signaling and is required for replication in non-human primates |
Schaap-Nutt, Anne; D'Angelo, Christopher; Scull, Margaret A.; Amaro-Carambot, Emerito; Nishio, Machiko; Pickles, Raymond J.; Collins, Peter L.; Murphy, Brian R.; Schmidt, Alexander C. |
2010 |
2010-02-20 |
None |
N |
PMC2822077 |
19969320.0 |
10.1016/j.virol.2009.11.018 |
jh65bga7 |
0.302199 |
Tallmadge_2008 |
|


Still finding gems in @utrumdotio beta, here you can sort coins by category (privacy, platform, gambling, dapps, etc), age, asset type, platform, country and product status. Here's the King, #Bitcoin in 10-11 years category, long live the King!
#crypto #blockchain


engines
Module¶
-
class
volume_grating.engines.
Engine
¶ Bases:
object
Engine
is a base class for all functional computation engines.-
static
extract
(hologram, playback, point, order=1, **kwargs)¶ Abstract method. Subclasses must override this method with the exact same input arguments. It must return a dict containing relevant parameters needed to calculate diffraction efficiency using
solve()
method.- Parameters
hologram – an instance of class or subclass of Holograms
point – an instance of class sympy.vector.Point
playback – an instance of a Playback class.
order – an integer specifying what order to diffract into
- Returns
a dict of parameters
-
static
solve
(param, **kwargs)¶ Abstract method. Subclasses must override this method. The first required input argument should be
param
, which should be an output fromextract()
method. More input arguments can be added, but they must have default values. This is because, in this release,Response.get_efficiency_at_points()
only call.solver(param)
without other additional arguments.- Parameters
param – a dict generated from
extract()
method.- Returns
a dict of parameters
-
static
-
class
volume_grating.engines.
KogelnikAnalytical
¶ Bases:
volume_grating.engines.Engine
KogelnikAnalytical
assume a lossless hologram. Based on the paper Kogelnik, 1969, Coupled Wave Theory for Thick Hologram Gratings, Bell System Technical Journal, Vol 48, No 9. It uses ananlytical equations to solver for diffraction efficiency. This assumes that the surface of the hologram is perpendicular to the z axis, as defined in the paper. The recording wave vectors of the holograms must NOT have a y-axis component.-
static
extract
(hologram, playback, point, order=1, **kwargs)¶ Extract relevant parameters from a set of hologram and playback for a single point on a hologram and at a specified diffraction order. If
wavelengths
is None, it will use a wavelength of a source defined in the playback.- Parameters
hologram – an instance of class or subclass of Holograms
point – an instance of class sympy.vector.Point
playback – an instance of a Playback class.
order – an integer specifying what order to diffract into
**kwargs
parameters: -wavelengths
: a number, or a list of numbers, or a ndarray of number for wavelengths.
-
static
solve
(param, **kwargs)¶ Solve for diffraction efficiency of a set of parameters which must be extracted from the class’
extract
method.- Parameters
param – a dict containing important parameters extracted from a set of hologram and playback.
- Return efficiency
a numeric value of diffraction efficiency
- Return mode
a mode of a hologram, i.e. being transmissive or reflective
- Return caches
a dict of relevant calculated parameters for a particular engine. It is useful to debug.
-
static
-
class
volume_grating.engines.
KogelnikTwoWave
(analytical_aid=True)¶ Bases:
volume_grating.engines.Engine
KogelnikTwoWave assumes a lossless hologram. It is based on a vectorial version of the coupled wave theory and only consider two-wave interaction. This allows a polarization effect and the y-component of the wave vector. The engine relies on scipy.integrate.solve_bvp to solve a boundary condition problem for ordinary differential equation (ODE) systems.
Let’s denote the electric-field complex amplitudes of the reference field and the diffracted field as Ar and Ad. Assume that the hologram’s surface starts at z=0 and lies on the xy plane. The hologram thickness extends in z-axis. The field state can be represented by a matrix [Ar, Ad], i.e. a (2,) ndarray. This field state evolves as the fields propagate in z-direction.
The evolution is a system of ODE that relate [Ar, Ad] to [dAr/dz, dAd/dz], and it is typically via a 2x2 matrix. The element of the matrix depends on many parameters including interacting wave vectors, grating vectors, index modulation, etc.
-
static
extract
(hologram, playback, point, order=1, **kwargs)¶ Extract relevant parameters from a set of hologram and playback for a single point on a hologram and at a specified diffraction order.
- Parameters
hologram – an instance of class or subclass of Holograms
point – an instance of class sympy.vector.Point
playback – an instance of a Playback class.
order – an integer specifying what order to diffract into
*kwargs
parameters: -wavelengths
: a number, or a list of numbers, or a ndarray of number for wavelengths.
-
static
solve
(param, **kwarg)¶ Solve for diffraction efficiency of a set of parameters which must be extracted from the class’
extract
method.Generally, only
param
is needed. However, if thescipy.integrate.solve_bvp
fails to find a solution. It is still possible to locate a solution by adjustingsolve_bvp``s arguments, including ``bc_guess
,mess_number
,max_nodes
, andtol
. Refer to https://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.integrate.solve_bvp.html#scipy.integrate.solve_bvp for more information.y_guess
specifies an initial guess on the value of the field states at z=0 and z=thickness. It is a (2,2) ndarray.y_guess[0] = np.array([1.0, 0.99], dtype=np.complex)
guesses that at z=0, Ar = 1.0 and at z=thickness, Ar=0.99.y_guess[1] = np.array([0.05, 0], dtype=np.complex)
guesses that at z=0, Ad=0.05 and at z=thickness, Ad=0.0, which is a reasonble initial guess for a reflection hologram.- Parameters
param – a set of parameters needed to calculate efficiencies. Extract them from .extract(…)
bc_guess – an initial guess for the boundary condition.
tol – a tolerance value for
solve_bvp
. Default = 0.01.mesh_number – The number of mesh points in the independent axis to start with. It must be an integer larger than one.
max_nodes – the maximum number of nodes used in attempt to solve the problem. Solver will terminate when the number of mesh nodes is exceeded.
verbose – verbose option for scipy.integrate.solve_bvp. 0 for silent, 1 for result only, 2 for detail.
- Return eff
efficiency of the hologram. If
solve_bvp
fails to converge, None is returned.- Return mode
hologram mode, i.e. reflection or transmission
- Return caches
a dictionary. ‘solver detail’ for result from
solve_bvp
function andmatrix
for the interaction matrix.
**kwargs
-analytical_aid
: boolean whether to use analytical result as a starting point.
-
static
-
volume_grating.engines.
get_dephase_at_point
(hologram, playback, point, order=1)¶ Return a dephase value for a specified point on a hologram. Dephase is defined as (k^2-k_diff^2)/2/k where k is a magnitude of wave vector (i.e. 2*pi*n/lambda) and k_diff is the magnitude of the diffracted wave vector (i.e. k_diff = k_in - order*K).
- Parameters
hologram – an instance of holograms.HologramBase subclasses.
playback – an instance of illumination.Playback
point – an instance of sympy.vector.Point specifying a point on a hologram
order – an integer specifying a diffraction order
- Return dephase
a number
-
volume_grating.engines.
get_dephase_at_points
(hologram, playback, points, order=1)¶ Return a list of dephase values for specified points on a hologram. Dephase is defined as (k^2-k_diff^2)/2/k where k is a magnitude of wave vector (i.e. 2*pi*n/lambda) and k_diff is the magnitude of the diffracted wave vector (i.e. k_diff = k_in - order*K).
- Parameters
hologram – an instance of class or subclass of Holograms
points – an instance of a list of instances of class sympy.vector.Point
playback – an instance of a Playback class.
order – an non-zero integer specifying what order to diffract into.
- Return dephase
a list of dephase values
-
volume_grating.engines.
get_k_diff_at_point
(hologram, playback, point, order=1, **kwargs)¶ Returns a k_diff vector (instance of sympy.vector.Vector) at a given point on the hologram
- Parameters
hologram – an instance of holograms.HologramBase subclasses.
playback – an instance of illumination.Playback
point – an instance of sympy.vector.Point specifying a point on a hologram
order – an integer specifying a diffraction order
- Return k_diff
an instance of sympy.vector.Vector
-
volume_grating.engines.
get_k_diff_at_points
(hologram, playback, points, order=1)¶ Return a list of diffracted wave vectors for specified points on a hologram.
- Parameters
hologram – an instance of class or subclass of Holograms
points – an instance of a list of instances of class sympy.vector.Point
playback – an instance of a Playback class.
order – an non-zero integer specifying what order to diffract into.
- Returns
[k_diff]: a list of diffracted k calculated by momentum matching (instances of sympy.vector.Vector)
-
volume_grating.engines.
get_k_hologram_at_point
(hologram, point)¶ Return a grating vector as defined by k1-k2 from two recording sources.
- Parameters
hologram – an instance of holograms.HologramBase subclasses
point – an instance of sympy.vector.Point
- Return k_hologram
an instance of sympy.vector.Vector
-
volume_grating.engines.
get_k_hologram_at_points
(hologram, points)¶ Return a list of grating vectors for specified points.
- Parameters
hologram – an instance of holograms.HologramBase subclasses
points – an instance of a list of instances of class sympy.vector.Point
- Return [k_holo]
a list of sympy.vector.Vector instances.
-
volume_grating.engines.
get_k_out_off_hologram_at_point
(k_pp, hologram, point, material_out)¶ Return a k vector that refracts out off a hologram. k_pp should be a k vector at the specified point.
- Parameters
k_pp – a k vector inside a hologram, instance of sympy.vector.Vector
hologram – an instance of holograms.HologramBase subclasses
point – an instance of sympy.vector.Point
material_out – an instance of materials.Material subclasses. Must be able to return a refractive index using
.n()
.
- Returns
-
volume_grating.engines.
get_source_k_into_hologram_at_point
(point, hologram, source)¶ Return a k vector inside a hologram given a k vector from a source’s side.
- Parameters
point – an instance of sympy.vector.Point
source – an instance of Source subclasses.
hologram – an instance of hologram.HologramBase subclasses
- Return k_pp
an instance of sympy.vector.Vector
-
volume_grating.engines.
loss_rms_de
(de_targ, de_cand, weights=array([1.]))¶ Return a root-mean-square-error loss between target DE and candidate DE.
- Parameters
de_targ – a list or (N,) ndarray of target DE values
de_cand – a list or (N,) ndarray of candidate DE values
weights – a scalar number, a list of number defined a weight for each DE point.
- Returns
loss value
-
volume_grating.engines.
loss_rms_k
(k_targ, k_cand, weights=array([1.]), norm_fac=1000000.0)¶ Return a root-mean-square-error loss between the target K vectors and the candidate K vectors. The distance dK = Ktarg - Kcand is a Euclidean norm. Since dK is typically large, it will make optimization very difficult. Therefore, it is useful to normalize dK before squaring. Default normalization is 1e6.
- Parameters
k_targ – a list of sympy.vector.Vector instances, representing a target K vector
k_cand – a list of sympy.vector.Vector instances, representing a candidate K vector
weights – a scalar number, a list of number defined a weight for each K point.
norm_fac – Normalization factor applied to dK before squaring them. Default = 1e6.
- Returns
loss value


Vai's Blog
Self Regulation
Date: 15th May 2016
What learnings did you take from the chapter?
Self-Regulation is all about making the transition "from compulsion to choice".
As I started growing I have definitely improved a lot but still I experience those moments very in I can feel my whole body shaking with rage.
I always feel bad about it later and I ask for their forgiveness but I still feel bad of what I did. I know I need to change it but “how”, is the part I have always struggled with.
This chapter has shown me a way on working with and tame my demons. Counting to 10, taking slow deep breathes think about good thinks was something I knew all along and it really helped from time to time but it didn’t seem like a fool proof plan.
The SiBerian North Rail Road is something that really piqued my interest. The way the author beautifully described it – Stop, Breathe, Notice, Reflect and Regulate was all I should have been doing all along. I am sure it is going to stick with me. The difference between anger and indignation demonstrates that emotion is how we define it to be, it’s at the end of the nothing but a physiological trigger.
And TRIGGER – that word is also something that caught my attention. I can now be neutral to my emotions that arise out of an action because I know I can classify it as a trigger. And I am able to identify as a mere trigger I know I can deal with it because it is after all a trigger and what I do next will define my emotions.
I have also always suffered the problem of grasping and aversion. I keep holding on to my emotions, but I most certainly have to work on Meshing and let the emotions just pass through me and not let it stay with me.
There were lot of other things, the principles of dealing with distress and bringing about a cognitive change and making friends with emotions, seeing things objectively are all great tips to really bring about the change and give the final polish to the SBNRR method. I think we all intuitively do it more often than not but to understand it and do it will make it more effective.
All said, I still need to work more on it and practice it more to improve my mindfulness.
How did you find the two minutes of mindfulness?
One can determine if an idea is effective only when they put it in to practice and the very reason I was able to say so much about self-regulation was because I tried to practice it.
It released some stress from my body. I could feel myself releasing the unwanted energy back into the world so that it could just go and feed on something else. It is liberating.


UITapGestureRecognizer
-
A convenience initializer for a UITapGestureRecognizer so that it can be configured with a single line of code.
Declaration
Swift
public convenience init(tapsRequired: Int = 1, touchesRequired: Int = 1, handler: @escaping (_ gesture: UITapGestureRecognizer) -> Void)
Parameters
tapsRequired
Defaults UITapGestureRecognizer’s
numberOfTapsRequired
property valuetouchesRequired
Defaults UITapGestureRecognizer’s
numberOfTouchesRequired
property valuehandler
The closure that is called when the gesture is recognized


{% import "page-elements.html" as PageElements -%} {% macro Render(stateCounts, on=true, nationalBarCounts) %} {% if on %}
Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump each need 270 electoral votes to win the presidency. Most states are leaning or solidly in favour of one candidate, but in some states the race is too close to call. {% if nationalBarCounts.dem + nationalBarCounts.leaningDem >= 270 %} Polls suggest that Mrs Clinton currently has a sizeable lead in enough states to secure the 270 electoral votes needed to win the presidency. Use the calculator below to work out how the remaining toss-up states will vote, and in which other states Mr Trump must recover. {% else %} These toss-up states are ranked below, with the closest races shown first. Which way do you think they will vote? {% endif %}


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--- layout: single title: 'From the Archive: Journey Into Yosemite with the Sierra Club - Day 0' date: 2019-04-10 21:13:50.000000000 -07:00 type: post classes: wide parent_id: '0' published: true password: '' status: publish categories: - backpacking - camping - hiking tags: - adventure - backcountry - backpacker - findyourpark - Half Dome - High Sierra - journey - North Dome - optoutside - photography - road trip - Sierra club - summer - travel - trip - vacation - wander - wandering - wanderlust - wilderness - yosemite - Yosemite Valley - YosemiteNPS meta: _oembed_3a8430e821037157c67e6eaa3e68c46f:
_oembed_time_3a8430e821037157c67e6eaa3e68c46f: '1554952974' _thumbnail_id: '446' _wpas_skip_17082932: '1' geo_latitude: '37.8651011' geo_longitude: "-119.5383294" geo_address: Yosemite National Park, California, USA geo_public: '1' _rest_api_published: '1' _rest_api_client_id: "-1" _oembed_f1938967bd76215b38aa0d55925460a9: _oembed_time_f1938967bd76215b38aa0d55925460a9: '1554956023' _oembed_1a22594ddb932d2a6c198fe56fa403c3: _oembed_time_1a22594ddb932d2a6c198fe56fa403c3: '1554956033' _oembed_d27bc5ec7a9d18ba22a2bf45b580f0f4: _wp_old_date: '2019-04-11' timeline_notification: '1554956035' _publicize_job_id: '29631769936' _oembed_time_d27bc5ec7a9d18ba22a2bf45b580f0f4: '1554956036' _publicize_done_external: a:1:{s:7:"twitter";a:1:{i:17117585;s:62:"https://twitter.com/jMacTheWanderer/status/1116192638191964161";}} _publicize_done_17351908: '1' _wpas_done_17117585: '1' publicize_twitter_user: jMacTheWanderer author: login: jmacthewanderer email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>display_name: jMacTheWanderer first_name: '' last_name: '' permalink: "/2019/04/10/from-the-archive-journey-into-yosemite-with-the-sierra-club-day-0/" ---I started this blog post 2 years ago after my trip to Yosemite, no time like the present to finish it.
A few months back I was browsing through the Sierra Club's local Angeles Chapters activities calendar for potential upcoming Backpacking trips. I came across their July 4th Bus Backpacking trips to Yosemite. There were four trips listed and I choose the trip scheduled for Tuolumne Meadows and Glen Aulin High Sierra Camp. An area of the park I have been wanting to explore since last visiting Tuolumne in 2009. If you aren't familiar with Tuolumne Meadows I highly suggest checking it out, it is far less crowded than Yosemite Valley and a great place to experience the solitude that the Sierra Nevada's have to offer.
Apparently I was one of the first to sign-up for the trip according to the trip leader Sridhar. The trip was setup to be an "experience trip" as part of the Wilderness Travel Course that is put on by the Angeles Chapter of the Sierra Club to teach people about traveling in the wilderness, backpacking and survival skills. Something that perhaps someday I will complete.
This past winter the Sierras received and epic dumping. The snow levels in early June were still near 150% and there was timeline for when the Tioga Road (hwy 120) would be open for access to Tuolumne Meadows and the High Sierra camps areas of Yosemite. This had me worried, where else would we go if the road was closed? Would the trip be cancelled? Would my months of anticipation and preparations be a waste?
I was in luck though and John Muir was shining down upon me from his great big mountain. The week of the trip I saw a tweet from YosemiteNPS account.
https://twitter.com/YosemiteNPS/status/879839564268883968
The infamous Tioga Road would be open on June 29th, two days before the bus was to depart. It wasn't all a silver lining though, we would not be heading to Glen Aulin. The snow was still too high, the streams and rivers were also very high from all the snow melt. It was unsafe for us to travel and the conditions unpredictable, a new route would be found taken me down a familiar path I had traveled 15 years prior.
 Also now that we were headed to another area of the park I had to print out some new maps to have.
https://www.instagram.com/p/BVORZ16BKvz/?utm_source=ig_web_button_share_sheet
The gear was laid out for a quick shakedown hike and then ready to pack it up for Yosemite.
The day finally came and it was time to meet up at one of the bus loading areas in Santa Clarita. This would be the first time I had gone on a trip like this and I gotta admit I was a little nervous, who would I be hiking with? were they properly prepared? All of these things I was bound to find out. Great thing is that the Sierra Club really had this all planned out and I was in for a great time.
[caption id="attachment_443" align="alignnone" width="4032" alt="IMG_0609" height="3024"] Loading up on the big ole bus[/caption]
Unfortunately the first day was all for travel into the park, great thing is the drive up to Yosemite is a great one and goes by quick. Got to meet with my group and learn a bit about them, most were WTC students and were new to backpacking so they were still learning the ropes. We stopped along the way in Fresno for lunch then headed up the long winding Hwy 41 into the park on our way to the BackPackers camp where we would settle in for the night before hitting the trail the next day. Luckily there was time for some quick photos.
https://www.instagram.com/p/BWBn8N-BMjv/?utm_source=ig_web_button_share_sheet
[caption id="attachment_444" align="alignnone" width="3024" alt="IMG_0641" height="4032"] Yosemite Falls, the Destination[/caption]
[caption id="attachment_445" align="alignnone" width="4032" alt="IMG_0645" height="3024"] The Three Brothers looking over one of Yosemite's famous meadows[/caption]
The Journey to Yosemite continues in Day 1: Onward to North Dome


|
This section: We present all the docking results for compounds against COVID-19: all AE values for the interactions between all types of molecules (DB, HTDB, T3DB) and protein targets in our database. The results are updated almost daily. The dynamic table offers the user the possibility to create different visualization of the interactions: pivot tables or graphical plots. The default view represents the number of interactions (molecular docking calculations) by target. The docking results with the theoretical structures predicted by DeepMind are not included! Hint: Try to drag and drop field names and choose aggregator and visualization types. Due to the volume of data, some calculations could take a few seconds. |
© RNASA-IMEDIR | Created by Cristian R Munteanu


Short Bio
- Hello World! My name is Qaalid Hashi (he/him), but I go by Q mostly, and I am 24 years old.
- I've mostly worked in Security.
- I have gone to college but I've ended changing my focus to IT. From glowing recommendations from friends and family, I decided to go through Code Fellows to pursue a new future.
- My goals for the future are pretty barebones at the moment, so my current goal is that I want to graduate from Code Fellows with the skills and connections needed to launch my career.
My Top Ten Favorite Medias
- 1. Avatar the Last Airbender
- 2. Lord of the Rings
- 3. Dragon Ball
- 4. A Song of Ice and Fire (Game of Thrones)
- 5. Star Wars
- 6. Marvel
- 7. DC
- 8. Monster by Noaki Urasawa
- 9. World War Z (The Book)
- 10. Harry Potter


| agnes {cluster} | R Documentation |
Computes agglomerative hierarchical clustering of the dataset.
agnes(x, diss = inherits(x, "dist"), metric = "euclidean", stand = FALSE, method = "average", par.method, keep.diss = n < 100, keep.data = !diss, trace.lev = 0)
x |
data matrix or data frame, or dissimilarity matrix, depending on the
value of the In case of a matrix or data frame, each row corresponds to an observation, and each column corresponds to a variable. All variables must be numeric. Missing values (NAs) are allowed. In case of a dissimilarity matrix, |
diss |
logical flag: if TRUE (default for |
metric |
character string specifying the metric to be used for calculating
dissimilarities between observations.
The currently available options are |
stand |
logical flag: if TRUE, then the measurements in |
method |
character string defining the clustering method. The six methods
implemented are
The default is |
par.method |
If |
keep.diss, keep.data |
logicals indicating if the dissimilarities
and/or input data |
trace.lev |
integer specifying a trace level for printing
diagnostics during the algorithm. Default |
agnes
is fully described in chapter 5 of Kaufman and Rousseeuw (1990).
Compared to other agglomerative clustering methods such as hclust
,
agnes
has the following features: (a) it yields the
agglomerative coefficient (see agnes.object
)
which measures the amount of clustering structure found; and (b)
apart from the usual tree it also provides the banner, a novel
graphical display (see plot.agnes
).
The agnes
-algorithm constructs a hierarchy of clusterings.
At first, each observation is a small cluster by itself. Clusters are
merged until only one large cluster remains which contains all the
observations. At each stage the two nearest clusters are combined
to form one larger cluster.
For method="average"
, the distance between two clusters is the
average of the dissimilarities between the points in one cluster and the
points in the other cluster.
In method="single"
, we use the smallest dissimilarity between a
point in the first cluster and a point in the second cluster (nearest
neighbor method).
When method="complete"
, we use the largest dissimilarity
between a point in the first cluster and a point in the second cluster
(furthest neighbor method).
The method = "flexible"
allows (and requires) more details:
The Lance-Williams formula specifies how dissimilarities are
computed when clusters are agglomerated (equation (32) in K&R(1990),
p.237). If clusters C_1 and C_2 are agglomerated into a
new cluster, the dissimilarity between their union and another
cluster Q is given by
D(C_1 \cup C_2, Q) = α_1 * D(C_1, Q) + α_2 * D(C_2, Q) + β * D(C_1,C_2) + γ * |D(C_1, Q) - D(C_2, Q)|,
where the four coefficients (α_1, α_2, β, γ)
are specified by the vector par.method
, either directly as vector of
length 4, or (more conveniently) if par.method
is of length 1,
say = α, par.method
is extended to
give the “Flexible Strategy” (K&R(1990), p.236 f) with
Lance-Williams coefficients (α_1 = α_2 = α, β =
1 - 2α, γ=0).
Also, if length(par.method) == 3
, γ = 0 is set.
Care and expertise is probably needed when using method = "flexible"
particularly for the case when par.method
is specified of
longer length than one. Since cluster version 2.0, choices
leading to invalid merge
structures now signal an error (from
the C code already).
The weighted average (method="weighted"
) is the same as
method="flexible", par.method = 0.5
. Further,
method= "single"
is equivalent to method="flexible", par.method = c(.5,.5,0,-.5)
, and
method="complete"
is equivalent to method="flexible", par.method = c(.5,.5,0,+.5)
.
The method = "gaverage"
is a generalization of "average"
, aka
“flexible UPGMA” method, and is (a generalization of the approach)
detailed in Belbin et al. (1992). As "flexible"
, it uses the
Lance-Williams formula above for dissimilarity updating, but with
α_1 and α_2 not constant, but proportional to
the sizes n_1 and n_2 of the clusters C_1 and
C_2 respectively, i.e,
α_j = α'_j * n_1/(n_1 + n_2),
where α'_1, α'_2 are determined from par.method
,
either directly as (α_1, α_2, β, γ) or
(α_1, α_2, β) with γ = 0, or (less flexibly,
but more conveniently) as follows:
Belbin et al proposed “flexible beta”, i.e. the user would only
specify β (as par.method
), sensibly in
-1 ≤ β < 1,
and β determines α'_1 and α'_2 as
α'_j = 1 - β,
and γ = 0.
This β may be specified by par.method
(as length 1 vector),
and if par.method
is not specified, a default value of -0.1 is used,
as Belbin et al recommend taking a β value around -0.1 as a general
agglomerative hierarchical clustering strategy.
Note that method = "gaverage", par.method = 0
(or par.method =
c(1,1,0,0)
) is equivalent to the agnes()
default method "average"
.
an object of class "agnes"
(which extends "twins"
)
representing the clustering. See agnes.object
for
details, and methods applicable.
Cluster analysis divides a dataset into groups (clusters) of observations that are similar to each other.
like
agnes
, diana
, and mona
construct a hierarchy of clusterings, with the number of clusters
ranging from one to the number of observations.
like
pam
, clara
, and fanny
require that the number of clusters be given by the user.
Method "gaverage"
has been contributed by Pierre Roudier, Landcare
Research, New Zealand.
Kaufman, L. and Rousseeuw, P.J. (1990). (=: “K&R(1990)”) Finding Groups in Data: An Introduction to Cluster Analysis. Wiley, New York.
Anja Struyf, Mia Hubert and Peter J. Rousseeuw (1996) Clustering in an Object-Oriented Environment. Journal of Statistical Software 1. http://www.jstatsoft.org/v01/i04
Struyf, A., Hubert, M. and Rousseeuw, P.J. (1997). Integrating Robust Clustering Techniques in S-PLUS, Computational Statistics and Data Analysis, 26, 17–37.
Lance, G.N., and W.T. Williams (1966). A General Theory of Classifactory Sorting Strategies, I. Hierarchical Systems. Computer J. 9, 373–380.
Belbin, L., Faith, D.P. and Milligan, G.W. (1992). A Comparison of Two Approaches to Beta-Flexible Clustering. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 27, 417–433.
agnes.object
, daisy
, diana
,
dist
, hclust
, plot.agnes
,
twins.object
.
data(votes.repub) agn1 <- agnes(votes.repub, metric = "manhattan", stand = TRUE) agn1 plot(agn1) op <- par(mfrow=c(2,2)) agn2 <- agnes(daisy(votes.repub), diss = TRUE, method = "complete") plot(agn2) ## alpha = 0.625 ==> beta = -1/4 is "recommended" by some agnS <- agnes(votes.repub, method = "flexible", par.meth = 0.625) plot(agnS) par(op) ## "show" equivalence of three "flexible" special cases d.vr <- daisy(votes.repub) a.wgt <- agnes(d.vr, method = "weighted") a.sing <- agnes(d.vr, method = "single") a.comp <- agnes(d.vr, method = "complete") iC <- -(6:7) # not using 'call' and 'method' for comparisons stopifnot( all.equal(a.wgt [iC], agnes(d.vr, method="flexible", par.method = 0.5)[iC]) , all.equal(a.sing[iC], agnes(d.vr, method="flex", par.method= c(.5,.5,0, -.5))[iC]), all.equal(a.comp[iC], agnes(d.vr, method="flex", par.method= c(.5,.5,0, +.5))[iC])) ## Exploring the dendrogram structure (d2 <- as.dendrogram(agn2)) # two main branches d2[[1]] # the first branch d2[[2]] # the 2nd one { 8 + 42 = 50 } d2[[1]][[1]]# first sub-branch of branch 1 .. and shorter form identical(d2[[c(1,1)]], d2[[1]][[1]]) ## a "textual picture" of the dendrogram : str(d2) data(agriculture) ## Plot similar to Figure 7 in ref ## Not run: plot(agnes(agriculture), ask = TRUE) data(animals) aa.a <- agnes(animals) # default method = "average" aa.ga <- agnes(animals, method = "gaverage") op <- par(mfcol=1:2, mgp=c(1.5, 0.6, 0), mar=c(.1+ c(4,3,2,1)), cex.main=0.8) plot(aa.a, which.plot = 2) plot(aa.ga, which.plot = 2) par(op) ## Show how "gaverage" is a "generalized average": aa.ga.0 <- agnes(animals, method = "gaverage", par.method = 0) stopifnot(all.equal(aa.ga.0[iC], aa.a[iC]))


These bikes are better for more experienced users as they are more built for off road and therefore have more features that may be daunting or uncomfortable for new drivers. these features include more crash protection an increased fuel tank and raised seats these features make the bike better on offroad but more difficult in other situations therefore a more experienced driver may find this bike perfect for off road driving.
These bikes are sometimes known as roadsters and are designed with a flatter handlebars, no screen and the engine being showcased this is a design choice. because of this design choice these bikes are more recommened for experienced driver as alot of the features that are useful are removed for a more retro design if you want a bike with this type of design then a retro car is a good choice.
These bikes are designed to go as as fast as possible and therefore the weight of these bikes are minimised and the engine power is maximised. To also improve speed these bikes have a design to help meaning you drive in a lower position. These bikes are known to be uncomfortable to drive and therefore are only recommended if you are buying the bike to reach a high speed quickly. Alternatively the Sports Tourer is an alterative that is alot slower but is more comfortable and still has the sleek design of a sports bike that appeals to people. This could be another choice if the sports bike if you want a bike for looks and less for the speed it can perform.


MYSTERY SCIENCE THEATER 3000: THE MOVIE A film review by Bart Copyright 1996 Bart
Starring: Michael J. Nelson, Trace Beaulieu, Kevin Murphy Director: Jim Mallon Rating: PG-13
Score: 8.5/10
It was a rainy Friday afternoon in Columbus when I persuaded a friend to see a matinee performance of MST3K:TM. He had never seen any episodes of the show, and I have watched a scant few, due to its unsocial airtime on Comedy Central and the uneven nature of many of the episodes.
For those of you not familiar with the premise, Dr Clayton Forrester (Beaulieu) wishes to take over the world by finding the worst film ever made and unleashing it upon an unsuspecting public. To achieve this, he (in the words of the TV series' theme, which is missing in the movie) "bumped [Mike Nelson (Nelson)] on the noggin and then shot him into space", and is monitoring Nelson's reactions to the movies he is forced to endure. Rather than succumb to the sheer awfulness of many of the movies, Nelson spends his time making wisecracks with the help of his two robot companions, Tom Servo and Crow T. Robot. The format of the show consists of Nelson, Servo and Crow making their comments while silhouetted against the movie being watched, and breaks every 20 minutes or so for segments set on the Satellite of Love, the ship on which our heroes are marooned.
Only two things are different in the movie: the absence of Forrester's sidekick, TV's Frank, and the slower pace of the jokes. This latter change is presumably deliberate to avoid the viewing audience missing some of the best lines while laughing from the previous joke. For their big screen outing, the producers have chosen "This Island Earth", a 1954 classic, and one of the first SF films to have a special effects budget larger than the average grocery bill. Unfortunately for that film (but making it ideal MST3K fodder), acting and dialogue appear to have taken a back seat to the effects which, by today's standards, are less than impressive. Nelson & Co. make jokes about everything from Japan's dominance in the world market, to Star Trek, to the state of disrepair of Seattle's Kingdome, and most of them work. Unfortunately, the segments set outside the satellite's movie theater seem out of place and aren't particularly funny, but at least they're fairly short.
The big question about this movie though is: Why? I presume it was an attempt to gain a larger following to keep support behind the series (rumours of its impending demise circulated for some time before the plug was eventually pulled a few months ago), but the format gains nothing from its transition to the big screen -- there are no special effects to dazzle you, no action sequences to keep you on the edge of your seat, and no use of digital surround sound. So, it seems pointless to spend $8 per person to see this movie when in a few months it will be out on video and you can watch it for $3, and not have to sit in a room full of popcorn addicts.
Nevertheless, MST3K:TM provides more laugh-out-loud opportunities than any film you're going to see this year, and I thoroughly recommend it to anyone with a pulse. Given its uniqueness, I hesitate to grade it against other films, but it fulfils its claims and so in the class of "unsubtle comedy films whose laughs come at the expense of bad B-movies" it does well.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
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review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


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--- layout: post status: publish published: true title: Talking about Add Two Lines author: Leask author_login: leask author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>author_url: https://leaskh.com wordpress_id: 782 wordpress_url: http://leaskh.wordpress.com/2005/06/03/talking-about-add-two-lines date: '2005-06-03 13:52:15 +0800' date_gmt: '2005-06-03 13:52:15 +0800' categories: tags: [] comments: [] ---
很有诗意的一首英文诗，作者写了一个开头，然后让网友补完整的。
一下子让我想起一句话：“网聚人的力量”
现在引用过来和大家分享。
---------------------------------------------------------
Quote
Add Two Lines
I have been trying to write some more poems for you guys but I have had an awful case of writer's block and the words just won't come out. So I came up with this idea that I will start the poem, and you guys can help me finish it. I don't care if it is sad, happy, serious, or whatever, just as long as it rhymes. And if you aren't sure how to write poetry, here is a quick lesson: Take the famous
1. Roses are red
2. Violets are blue
3. Sugar is sweet
4. And so are you.
There are four lines in a stanza. Lines 1 and 3 do not have to rhyme, but lines 2 and 4 do. So I will start off by writing the first two lines and you (if you choose to do so) will add the last two lines which will rhyme with what I just wrote. The next person will then begin another stanza, which doesn't have to rhyme with the previous one, and so on and so on. If you need an example, just check out a few of my poems listed in my category box. I will leave this posted for awhile (see the top right hand corner of my space), so will you please help me write a poem? And feel free to come back and add more if you'd like. (Or if this idea sucks, just say so in the comment box.)
The first two lines are (I will add the others as they come in):
Here I sit,
looking up at the sky.
The breeze softly ruffles
the scent from the pine.
As sounds of the wilderness,
calling me to join the joy.
Creativity lost in my mind,
nature's silence is only a ploy.
Watching the leaves
fall slowly to the ground
Calls the image,
of a life without a bound.
So I walk among the trees
and feel the breeze pass by.
I live only to please,
I wish only to fly.
Feel the wind at my back,
the leaves at my feet.
As darkness begins to fall,
the moon starts to creep.
The night keeps falling,
the day starts to die.
Why am I so lonely,
what makes me cry?


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The best Xbox One Black Friday bundles so far
by Emily GeraBlack Friday deals are trickling out ahead of next week’s discount extravaganza, and for those of you deal-hunting your way to your next Xbox One we’ve highlighted some of the best offers for the console available on Amazon.
Four Xbox One S bundles are currently $100 off on Amazon.com. If you’ve been itching to get your hands on a copy of Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order, you’re in luck: the game is now available with the Xbox One S in a bundle for $199. But if Jedi aren’t quite your bag, the 1TB Xbox One S is also available bundled with Gears 5, Battlefield V, and NBA 2K20 at the same price point.
- Xbox One S 1TB Console – Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order Bundle for $199
- Xbox One S 1TB Console – Gears 5 Bundle for $199
- Xbox One S 1Tb Console – Battlefield V Bundle for $199
- Xbox One S 1TB Console – NBA 2K20 Bundle for $199
Alternatively, for you digital fiends the all-digital edition of Xbox One S is down $100 – combining the disc-less version of Xbox One S with digital versions of Minecraft, Fortnite, and Sea of Thieves for $149.
Similar bundles are also available with the Xbox One X console in a $349 bundle. The Xbox One X Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order Bundle, Gears 5 bundle, and NBA 2K20 bundle are each down a $150 from their standard price point, making them one of the best deals available for the console this Black Friday.
- Xbox One X Star Wars: Jedi Fallen Order Bundle for $349
- Xbox One X 1Tb Console – Gears 5 Limited Edition Bundle for $349
- Xbox One X 1TB Console – NBA 2K20 Bundle for $349
Want to browse all the Xbox One deals? Our Xbox One Black Friday deals hub has all the best Xbox One console, game, and accessory deals so you can save the most money this week. If you’re looking for deals on other consoles, the PS4 Black Friday deals huband Nintendo Switch Black Friday deal hubs will guide you to the best deals.
Games featured in this article


| DOSE: |
5 hits |
smoked |
Cannabis |
(plant material) |
I feel I must tell you about the time that I freaked out, even past my usual ganja panick attacks. My all time worst living nightmare. I have smoked ganj since I was about 13-14, but since around the age of 17 it turned against me. I coulnít smoke the herb without freaking out. But if truth be told I never do whatís best, and I would tell my friends in the days after my freak out 'NEVER AGAIN WILL I TOUCH THAT SUBSTANCE'. I have taken a vast array of substances but nothing I have ever done can give me the same freak out factor of cannibis. Smoke it, and I enter my own private hell.
This particular instance was after a rave so I had popped a few e's which deffinately didn't help what was comming. We all left the club at 7 in the morning, and were blinded by the light. Early morning London on a comedown is not a pleasant thing. Me and my little group of friends where all waiting for the subway to start running in order to get home. Whilst waiting, my friend who is a total pothead started wrapping a spliff. At first I told my self no way, your in the middle of London, so far from shelter, and you always go paranoid. But the scent of the burning ganja called my name, I thought maybe the old herb will come through for me just this once, so I took the spliff. Man was I wrong!
It didn't kick in at first, but as we all found this little cove to sit and chill in for a while. I felt that creeping feeling of negativity comeover me, I tried to tell myself I was imagining it but it starting taking it's hold stronger, and stronger. I started thinking my friends were sitting too close to me. It was a mixed sex group. I got up and moved away, when someone would talk to me it would take me ages to work out what they where saying, and if there was a hidden meaning to what they where saying. I avoided eye contact with every single one of them to me now they where all enemies. A friend just simply can't help someone when they are in this state, I believe it is a form of paranoid Schizophrenia.
It was then that I realized how far it was that I had to travel to get home, and I knew it was going to be a horriffic ordeal. One of the people I was with (They weren't friends to me at this time lets say, strangers whom I knew the faces of) said let's go catch the train, I knew I was going to have to deal with this sooner or later so I just thought, be strong. I probably said no more than about three words after I smoked that spliff, how didn't any of them notice? As we walked into the station there were loads of other tired and worn out ravers, but I thought they were all staring straight at me.
To make matters worse, while Iím trying to play it cool re-asuring myself they don't know the pure paranoia Iím going through, my mind starts playing a new trick on me, and this is the one that has stuck with me. It feels like Iím litterally pissing my self. The ultimate humiliation. I have to look down to check every five seconds. I see that I'm not but as soon as I start looking forward again, I feel a warm wetness around the top of my legs, going down. Once again I look down to reasure myself and its fine but this cycle continues for an hour maybe more, I can honestly say If I had a gun, knife, any sort of lethal implement I would have ended it all right there and then. I can't say a word of this to my friends, obviously, so I'm trapped.
I still had to get on the subway. We get in the crowded train and the majority of commuters are people in suits who have just had a shower/bath, and I am very much aware that I he been sweating pretty much solid for the last 8 hours (Ravin). I start to think I STINK! I feel that every one is looking straight at me, to this day I still think most of those people WERE looking at me. And then what thought starts to manifest again? I start thinking Iím pissing myself again. It was time to finaly say something to a friend. I just said, 'I'm gettin off, Iv'e got to get off!í When one of my closer friends of the group realized what I said he acted as if I was going to jump off. I got off, and only he followed, I couln't believe the rest were so unsympathetic, but thatís a comedown for you I guess.
Since then I have be un easy about trains, and for 8 or nine months I could stand up in front of someone with confidence because it would creep into my mind that I may piss, and it still hasn't completely gone its a full blown phobic fear I would say. I have now told you what I have only ever told one living person, it may seem funny, disgusting or whatever to you but I hope in some way I have convayed some idea of what it was like to be me for that 2-3 hours that seemed like an eternity. Cannibis is not a friend to me. Since then I have smoked it twice, both times it freaked me out to almost equal that one harsh freak out, but I can honestly say I'm going to avoid it like the plague now, I'm almost positive it will send me into full blown paranoid schizaphrenia.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Engineering Innovation
Engineering innovation starts with the relentless pursuit of a solution to a specific problem without personal bias and full creative freedom. It’s an evolution of sort that starts with an initial idea of how to solve a problem with various proposed solutions that take into account ease of use, manufacturability, cost, and reliability. Seems easy enough, right? The reality is there are many variables to engineering innovation such as your specific training/experience, working environment, individual personality & attitude, management structure, to the tools being utilized within your organization.
So you’re the first to market with a specific widget that will revolutionize the world. It so happens the idea has a large target market, but the product flops in lieu of another product that has enormous success a year later. What happened? Well first-to-market doesn’t necessarily mean best-to-market. Too often than not ideas are rushed to market by short-cutting the necessary steps along the way. Maybe not enough time spent in the early brainstorming/ideation phase, poor marketing effort, too costly of an end product, or overly complicated mechanics that are prone to reliability issues. The list can go on forever, but the key is to look closely at the problem you’re trying to solve. Work closely with the end user to better understand their pain points. Did you really address their problem with a product that’s easy to use, reliable, and affordable? What attempts were made to educate your target market on this new engineering innovation?
As an engineer you need to be flexible, resourceful, creative, and open to other possibilities that might not be YOUR initial idea! It’s important to understand that anything is possible and that the only limit is your own imagination. Sure there are resource variables such as time and money, but other than that the sky is the limit! Check your ego at the door, become a good listener, and use your education & experience to deliver a truly innovative product! Don’t be afraid to take risks, make mistakes, and ask questions along the way. Innovation does not exist without taking risks. If you’re not making mistakes, you’re not trying hard enough! It’s very important to ask questions and find resident experts in the field to help in areas where your expertise falls short. Always remember that the design process should be focused on the simplest mechanism/design to achieve the desired end use performance…keep it simple!
Another important aspects of engineering innovation is the utilization of the tools at your disposal. The culmination of 3D modeling, finite element analysis, laser scanning, and 3D printing are game changers that allow engineers to refine the concept and get to market quicker with a better product and lower overall investment. 3D modeling & finite element analysis provides the engineer with a means of creating a virtual prototype that can be tested before the first physical prototype is build! This provides for more design iterations before getting to the first physical proof-of-concept prototype. Laser scanning provides a means to reverse engineer a product and convert the data from a physical object to CAD data. Finally, 3D printing provides the ability to try several different concepts before making the first costly tool. It also provides the means to present a sample to core team members and potential end-users that can help refine the concept.
CAD / CAM Innovation
CAD / CAM innovation starts out as a need, a problem, or a desire. In all cases a predisposed concept of what will satisfy or solve has probably been imagined. Often, the first concept is not the one that will ultimately win out. Failure and frustration is a part of the process, and that is OK. For instance, the choice of material that was selected may not be appropriate, the machine(s) available may not be capable, or the software used to generate the machine code may be inadequate.
Fortunately, this is not a problem so much as it is an opportunity to innovate! The need, problem, desire still exists so there is an incentive to continue. Go back to the original concept. Can a simpler design accomplish the objective. Is there a different process that can be used. What about a different material. Many times the actual process of creating an item may reveal opportunities for improvement. Remember that failure and frustration is a part of the process and embrace it.


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how to (the German way)¶
tools¶
pandoc pip install sphinx –user pip install sphinx_rtd_theme –user pip install m2r –user asciidoc
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45967058/render-output-from-markdown-file-inside-rst-file
we go from asciidoc to markdown¶
folder asciidocs¶
asciidoc -b docbook odgi_bin.adoc iconv -t utf-8 odgi_bin.xml | pandoc -f docbook -t markdown_strict –wrap=none | iconv -f utf-8 > odgi_bin.md
copy to folder docs¶
how to (the Italian way)¶
Assuming you have Python already, install Sphinx:
pip install sphinx
Then, go into your documentation directory
cd docs
and edit your *.rst
files. Finally, build them to see how they look:
make html