Implements actions of a dataGrid when when viewed on a mobile device with the default mobile template
#91Adds filtering for any list of editors: functions, templates, scripts, etc
#228Adds the ability to sort the API Routes to change priority of matching
#235


30-September-2018 - 6.8.0
The PMD team is pleased to announce PMD 6.8.0.
This is a minor release.
Table Of Contents
New and noteworthy
Drawing a line between private and public API
Until now, all released public members and types were implicitly considered part of PMD’s public API, including inheritance-specific members (protected members, abstract methods). We have maintained those APIs with the goal to preserve full binary compatibility between minor releases, only breaking those APIs infrequently, for major releases.
In order to allow PMD to move forward at a faster pace, this implicit contract will be invalidated with PMD 7.0.0. We now introduce more fine-grained distinctions between the type of compatibility support we guarantee for our libraries, and ways to make them explicit to clients of PMD.
.internal
packages and @InternalApi
annotation
Internal API is meant for use only by the main PMD codebase. Internal types and methods may be modified in any way, or even removed, at any time.
Any API in a package that contains an .internal
segment is considered internal.
The @InternalApi
annotation will be used for APIs that have to live outside of
these packages, e.g. methods of a public type that shouldn’t be used outside of PMD (again,
these can be removed anytime).
@ReservedSubclassing
Types marked with the @ReservedSubclassing
annotation are only meant to be subclassed
by classes within PMD. As such, we may add new abstract methods, or remove protected methods,
at any time. All published public members remain supported. The annotation is not inherited, which
means a reserved interface doesn’t prevent its implementors to be subclassed.
@Experimental
APIs marked with the @Experimental
annotation at the class or method level are subject to change.
They can be modified in any way, or even removed, at any time. You should not use or rely
on them in any production code. They are purely to allow broad testing and feedback.
@Deprecated
APIs marked with the @Deprecated
annotation at the class or method level will remain supported
until the next major release but it is recommended to stop using them.
The transition
All currently supported APIs will remain so until 7.0.0. All APIs that are to be moved to
.internal
packages or hidden will be tagged @InternalApi
before that major release, and
the breaking API changes will be performed in 7.0.0.
Quickstart Ruleset
PMD 6.8.0 provides a first quickstart ruleset for Java, which you can use as a base ruleset to get your
custom ruleset started. You can reference it with rulesets/java/quickstart.xml
.
You are strongly encouraged to create your own ruleset
though.
The quickstart ruleset has the intention, to be useful out-of-the-box for many projects. Therefore it references only rules, that are most likely to apply everywhere.
Any feedback would be greatly appreciated.
New Rules
- The new Apex rule
ApexDoc
(apex-documentation
) enforces the inclusion of ApexDoc on classes, interfaces, properties and methods; as well as some sanity rules for such docs (no missing parameters, parameters’ order, and return value). By default, method overrides and test classes are allowed to not include ApexDoc.
Modified Rules
- The rule
MissingSerialVersionUID
(java-errorprone
) has been modified in order to recognize also missingserialVersionUID
fields in abstract classes, if they are serializable. Each individual class in the inheritance chain needs an own serialVersionUID field. See also Should an abstract class have a serialVersionUID. This change might lead to additional violations in existing code bases.
PLSQL
The grammar for PLSQL has been revamped in order to fully parse SELECT INTO
, UPDATE
, and DELETE
statements. Previously such statements have been simply skipped ahead, now PMD is parsing them, giving access
to the individual parts of a SELECT-statement, such as the Where-Clause. This might produce new parsing errors
where PMD previously could successfully parse PLSQL code. If this happens, please report a new issue to get this problem fixed.
Fixed Issues
- apex-bestpractices
- #1348: [apex] AvoidGlobalModifierRule gives warning even when its a webservice - false positive
- java-codestyle
- java-errorprone
- java-performance
- #1325: [java] False positive in ConsecutiveLiteralAppends
- plsql
- #1279: [plsql] Support for SELECT INTO
API Changes
-
A couple of methods and fields in
net.sourceforge.pmd.properties.AbstractPropertySource
have been deprecated, as they are replaced by already existing functionality or expose internal implementation details:propertyDescriptors
,propertyValuesByDescriptor
,copyPropertyDescriptors()
,copyPropertyValues()
,ignoredProperties()
,usesDefaultValues()
,useDefaultValueFor()
. -
Some methods in
net.sourceforge.pmd.properties.PropertySource
have been deprecated as well:usesDefaultValues()
,useDefaultValueFor()
,ignoredProperties()
. -
The class
net.sourceforge.pmd.lang.rule.AbstractDelegateRule
has been deprecated and will be removed with PMD 7.0.0. It is internally only in use by RuleReference. -
The default constructor of
net.sourceforge.pmd.lang.rule.RuleReference
has been deprecated and will be removed with PMD 7.0.0. RuleReferences should only be created by providing a Rule and a RuleSetReference. Furthermore the following methods are deprecated:setRuleReference()
,hasOverriddenProperty()
,usesDefaultValues()
,useDefaultValueFor()
.
External Contributions
- #1309: [core] [CPD] Decouple Antlr Tokenizer implementation from any CPD language supported with Antlr - Matías Fraga
- #1314: [apex] Add validation of ApexDoc comments - Jeff Hube
- #1339: [ci] Improve danger message - BBG
- #1340: [java] Derive correct classname for non-public non-classes - kris-scheibe
- #1357: [doc] Improve Codacy description - Daniel Reigada


Ada is a year-long software development program for women switching careers. It is fully-funded by Seattle tech companies, making it highly competitive. With over 2000+ learning hours (comparable to a masters program) and a 6 month industry internship, we don't just learn how to code, we learn the day-to-day of modern software development.
In our past lives we may have been scientists, project managers, lawyers, bakers, and math teachers, but we all had one thing in common: we were good at what we did, and just decided it was time for something new.
Ada Week 1
August 8, 2016
This week was focused on getting to know each other, Ada orientation, installing necessary software, going over some computer basics, and recapping the jumpstart curriculum.
Lectures
Orientation
Ruby
Helpful Links
Loop Table Worksheet
Conditionals Worksheet
Projects
Hours In a Year : gist
Calculator : gist
Random Menu Generator : gist
Rainbows : gist
Mood Generator : gist
Ada Week 2
August 15, 2016
Get familiar with Ruby objects/classes, object-oriented programming, and git (Solar System & Word Guess).
Lectures
Ruby
Other
Helpful Links
Objects Worksheet
Git Immersion
Projects
Solar System : Wave 1 : Wave 2
Baby Dragon (Learn To Program Ch. 13)
Word Guess : gist - Paired with Leah
Ada Week 3
August 22, 2016
Create a full Ruby program with interactions and dependencies. Introduced testing, modules & namespaces, and class Inheritance (Bank Account).
Lectures
Ruby
CS-Fundamentals
Helpful Links
Ruby Koans
Projects
Weekend Warrior - Leap Year : gist
Weekend Warrior - 12 Days
Bank Account : Wave 1, Wave 2,
Wave 3, Optionals
Ada Week 4
August 29, 2016
More practice creating a Ruby App with automated testing. Look through this weeks notes for a refresher on setting up TDD in Ruby (Scrabble).
Lectures
Ruby
Projects
Scrabble - Paired with Jessica
Ada Week 5
September 5, 2016
Went more in depth with git and reinforced everything in Ruby thus far (FarMar Ruby).
Lectures
Git
CS-Fundamentals
Helpful Links
Big-O Quiz
Projects
Weekend Warrior - Hamming
FarMar
Ada Week 6
September 12, 2016
And now, here is absolutely everything about HTML & CSS... (Meowspace).
Lectures
HTML/CSS
CS-Fundamentals
Helpful Links
Ultimate Guide to pseudo-classes
CSS Dinner Game
Projects
Ruby Books (First Website)
Bill Murray (Classes & IDs Practice)
Meowspace (Layout Practice)
Ada Week 7
September 19, 2016
Break Week + create a static (HTML/CSS only) personal portfolio website with github pages.
Projects
Portfolio
Door Exercise
Ada Week 8
September 26, 2016
Ruby. On. Rails. All of it. (Kind of). Best practices for software design (RESTful routing, MVC, CRUD) and how to approach debugging (TaskListRails).
Lectures
Rails
- HTTP and the Internet |rails-01|
- web server, client, network, request, response
- What is rails? |rails-02|
- CRUD |rails-03|
- HTTP Verbs, CRUD, and Idempotency
- Create:POST, Read:GET Update:PUT and Delete:DELETE.
- MVC & RESTful Routing |rails-04|
- Routes, Controllers & Views |rails-05| : slides
- ERB & Layouts |rails-06|
- Embedded Ruby, <%= yield %>
- Active Record Migrations |rails-09| : livecode
- Active Record Models |rails-10|
- new/create, built-in methods, etc.
- View Helpers |rails-08| : slides
- Shorthand to generate HTML: linkto, imagetag, button_to, etc.
- Rails Forms |rails-11| : slides
- Bettor Errors / Request State |rails-15|
Leadership & Inclusion
CS-Fundamentals
Helpful Links
Rails for Zombies
MVC in Rails video
Relational Databases Description
Trello
Projects
Caesar Cipher : gem
TaskListRails
Ada Week 9
October 3, 2016
More in-depth Rails: Active Record associations & validations, partials, database seeds, Heroku, et al (FarMar Rails).
Lectures
Rails
Other
CS-Fundamentals
Helpful Links
Rails ERD Gem
Regex cheatsheet
Projects
FarMar Rails : Heroku site - Paired with Elle
Ada Week 10
October 10, 2016
Implementing responsive web design using the CSS framework Foundation & adding automated controller and model testing in Rails (MediaRanker).
Lectures
Rails
Other
CS-Fundamentals
Helpful Links
Article on Responsive Web Design
Projects
Mediaranker : Heroku site - Rails set up fully documented in notes
Ada Week 11
October 17, 2016
Adding oAuth to Rails & testing it, DRYing up Rails code with View Helpers & Controller Filters (bEtsy).
Lectures
Rails
CS-Fundamentals
Helpful Links
Setting Environment Variables in Heroku
CodeAcademy oAuth
Note-To-Self
- Notes have details about dealing with git merge conflicts
Projects
bEtsy (aka PETsy) : Heroku site
TaskListRails + oAuth
Ada Week 12
October 24, 2016
Basic intro to SQL and some more in depth CSS, but mostly project work time (bEtsy).
Lectures
Rails
Other
CS-Fundamentals
Projects
bEtsy (aka PETsy) : Heroku site
Ada Week 13
October 31, 2016
Interacting with APIs using Rails, testing APIs, and some details on advanced controller testing (API Muncher).
Lectures
Rails
CS-Fundamentals
Helpful Links
Postman Tutorial (for API interaction)
Projects
Slack Bot
API Muncher (Edamam Recipes)
Ada Week 14
November 7, 2016
Creating an API using Rails & advanced Model testing (Shipping Service).
Lectures
Rails
CS-Fundamentals
Note-To-Self
- This was the week of the election, the API project is seriously sub-par (only required to do shipping-service side).
Projects
Shipping Service API - Betsy-Shipping (API Consumer)
Ada Week 15
November 14, 2016
Introduction to Javascript Basics: syntax, funcitons, objects, jQuery, etc (Scrabble.js, Digital Clock).
Lectures
Javascript
Other
- Exercism
- Setting up for JS Challenges, Jasmine (i.e. JS testing)
- Isogram, Gigasecond, Anagram, luhn
CS-Fundamentals
Helpful Links
MDN Javascript Guide
JS Basics
Ruby to JS Loops Worksheet
Ruby to JS Functions Worksheet
Projects
Calculator - Practice with JS Functions
Fortunes - Practice with JS Objects
Scrabble.js
Digital Clock : live
Ada Week 16
November 21, 2016
Some more in depth Javascript: AJAX, single page applications, accessing and updating APIs with JS, variable scope (Trek, Music Keyboard).
Lectures
Javascript
CS-Fundamentals
Helpful Links
jQuery Selectors (W3 Schools)
External Resource Link
Projects
Music Keyboard : live
Trek : live
Ada Week 17
November 28, 2016
Intro to Backbone.js: Views, Events, Models, and Collections (Ada Trader, Rolodex).
Lectures
Backbone.js
- Intro to Backbone |backbone-01| : slides
- Livecode (original)
- Required Libraries: Backbone, Underscore, jQuery
- Components: Models, Collections, Views, Events, and Routers
- Views |backbone-02|
- Backbone.View.extend(), $el, initialize:, render:, & file organization
- Events |backbone-03|
- event handling, event listening,
- Models |backbone-04| : slides
- instantiating models, and manipulating them, built in event listeners for models
- Collections |backbone-05| : slides
- A type of Model that has other Model instances inside it
- Custom Events |backbone-06|
- Mix-Ins via underscore, ListenTo() & trigger()
Helpful Links
Backbone Events Library
Projects
Ada Trader
Rolodex
Ada Week 18
December 5, 2016
Interview Week + work on whatever you want. We were given optional projects, but I worked on my portfolio site and made these notes instead.
Projects
Optional projects
Portfolio


Cmd
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/cmd
Windows command interpreter
Examples
Add new user
net user hacker hacker /add
Add user to administrators group
net localgroup administrators hacker /add
Add user to remote desktop group
net localgroup "Remote Desktop users" hacker /add
List active ports
netstat -ano
Show current user
whoami
echo %username%
Show hostname
hostname
Show env variables
set
Show Windows version
ver
Show system info
systeminfo
List users/localgroups
net users/localgroup
Firewall(XP >=SP2)
netsh firewall show state
netsh firewall show config
List scheduled tasks
schtasks /query /fo LIST /v
The following command links running processes to started services
tasklist /SVC
Started services
net start
List drivers
DRIVERQUERY
Check permissions
icacls (>=Vista or up)
cacls (<XP)
Check UAC
REG QUERY HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\ /v EnableLUA


public class TimeLimitingCollector extends Collector
TimeLimitingCollector
is used to timeout search requests that
take longer than the maximum allowed search time limit. After this time is
exceeded, the search thread is stopped by throwing a
TimeLimitingCollector.TimeExceededException
.
| Modifier and Type | Class and Description |
|---|---|
static class
|
TimeLimitingCollector.TimeExceededException
Thrown when elapsed search time exceeds allowed search time.
|
static class
|
TimeLimitingCollector.TimerThread
|
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
TimeLimitingCollector
(
Collector
collector,
Counter
clock,
long ticksAllowed)
Create a TimeLimitedCollector wrapper over another
Collector
with a specified timeout.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
boolean
|
acceptsDocsOutOfOrder
()
Return
true
if this collector does not
require the matching docIDs to be delivered in int sort
order (smallest to largest) to
Collector.collect(int)
.
|
void
|
collect
(int doc)
Calls
Collector.collect(int)
on the decorated
Collector
unless the allowed time has passed, in which case it throws an exception.
|
static
Counter
|
getGlobalCounter
()
Returns the global TimerThreads
Counter
|
static
TimeLimitingCollector.TimerThread
|
getGlobalTimerThread
()
Returns the global
TimeLimitingCollector.TimerThread
.
|
boolean
|
isGreedy
()
Checks if this time limited collector is greedy in collecting the last hit.
|
void
|
setBaseline
()
Syntactic sugar for
setBaseline(long)
using
Counter.get()
on the clock passed to the construcutor.
|
void
|
setBaseline
(long clockTime)
Sets the baseline for this collector.
|
void
|
setCollector
(
Collector
collector)
This is so the same timer can be used with a multi-phase search process such as grouping.
|
void
|
setGreedy
(boolean greedy)
Sets whether this time limited collector is greedy.
|
void
|
setNextReader
(
IndexReader
reader,
int base)
Called before collecting from each IndexReader.
|
void
|
setScorer
(
Scorer
scorer)
Called before successive calls to
Collector.collect(int)
.
|
public TimeLimitingCollector( Collector collector, Counter clock, long ticksAllowed)
Collector
with a specified timeout.
collector
- the wrapped
Collector
clock
- the timer clock
ticksAllowed
- max time allowed for collecting
hits after which
TimeLimitingCollector.TimeExceededException
is thrown
public void setBaseline(long clockTime)
Example usage:
Counter clock = ...; long baseline = clock.get(); // ... prepare search TimeLimitingCollector collector = new TimeLimitingCollector(c, clock, numTicks); collector.setBaseline(baseline); indexSearcher.search(query, collector);
clockTime
-
setBaseline()
public void setBaseline()
setBaseline(long)
using
Counter.get()
on the clock passed to the construcutor.
public boolean isGreedy()
TimeLimitingCollector.TimeExceededException
without allowing the wrapped collector to collect current doc. A greedy one would
first allow the wrapped hit collector to collect current doc and only then
throw a
TimeLimitingCollector.TimeExceededException
.
setGreedy(boolean)
public void setGreedy(boolean greedy)
greedy
- true to make this time limited greedy
isGreedy()
public void collect(int doc) throws IOException
Collector.collect(int)
on the decorated
Collector
unless the allowed time has passed, in which case it throws an exception.
collect
in class
Collector
TimeLimitingCollector.TimeExceededException
- if the time allowed has exceeded.
IOException
public void setNextReader( IndexReader reader, int base) throws IOException
Collector
Collector.collect(int)
will correspond to reader.
Add docBase to the current IndexReaders internal document id to re-base ids
in
Collector.collect(int)
.
setNextReader
in class
Collector
reader
- next IndexReader
IOException
public void setScorer( Scorer scorer) throws IOException
Collector
Collector.collect(int)
. Implementations
that need the score of the current document (passed-in to
Collector.collect(int)
), should save the passed-in Scorer and call
scorer.score() when needed.
setScorer
in class
Collector
IOException
public boolean acceptsDocsOutOfOrder()
Collector
true
if this collector does not
require the matching docIDs to be delivered in int sort
order (smallest to largest) to
Collector.collect(int)
.
Most Lucene Query implementations will visit
matching docIDs in order. However, some queries
(currently limited to certain cases of
BooleanQuery
) can achieve faster searching if the
Collector
allows them to deliver the
docIDs out of order.
Many collectors don't mind getting docIDs out of
order, so it's important to return
true
here.
acceptsDocsOutOfOrder
in class
Collector
public void setCollector( Collector collector)
collector
- The actual collector performing search functionality
public static Counter getGlobalCounter()
Counter
Invoking this creates may create a new instance of
TimeLimitingCollector.TimerThread
iff
the global
TimeLimitingCollector.TimerThread
has never been accessed before. The thread
returned from this method is started on creation and will be alive unless
you stop the
TimeLimitingCollector.TimerThread
via
TimeLimitingCollector.TimerThread.stopTimer()
.
Counter
public static TimeLimitingCollector.TimerThread getGlobalTimerThread()
TimeLimitingCollector.TimerThread
.
Invoking this creates may create a new instance of
TimeLimitingCollector.TimerThread
iff
the global
TimeLimitingCollector.TimerThread
has never been accessed before. The thread
returned from this method is started on creation and will be alive unless
you stop the
TimeLimitingCollector.TimerThread
via
TimeLimitingCollector.TimerThread.stopTimer()
.
TimeLimitingCollector.TimerThread


For more information about symbols see following links
Underneath it uses real string property names which can easily be retrieved, however accidental collision with other property names is unlikely.
If you'd like to use native version when it exists and fallback to ponyfill if it doesn't, use es6-symbol as following:
var Symbol = require("es6-symbol");
If you want to make sure your environment implements Symbol
globally, do:
require("es6-symbol/implement");
If you strictly want to use polyfill even if native Symbol
exists (hard to find a good reason for that), do:
var Symbol = require("es6-symbol/polyfill");
Best is to refer to specification. Still if you want quick look, follow examples:
var Symbol = require("es6-symbol");
var symbol = Symbol("My custom symbol");
var x = {};
x[symbol] = "foo";
console.log(x[symbol]);
("foo");
// Detect iterable:
var iterator, result;
if (possiblyIterable[Symbol.iterator]) {
iterator = possiblyIterable[Symbol.iterator]();
result = iterator.next();
while (!result.done) {
console.log(result.value);
result = iterator.next();
}
}
In your project path:
$ npm install es6-symbol
To port it to Browser or any other (non CJS) environment, use your favorite CJS bundler. No favorite yet? Try: Browserify, Webmake or Webpack
$ npm test
To report a security vulnerability, please use the Tidelift security contact. Tidelift will coordinate the fix and disclosure.

  Get professional support for d with a Tidelift subscription
  Tidelift helps make open source sustainable for maintainers while giving companies
assurances about security, maintenance, and licensing for their dependencies.


Help
Shortcuts
- Addition uses ;
- Multiplication uses '
- Derivative uses `
- Quickly press a letter n times to get the nth power
- Parentheses use [ and ]
- Use Shift + ] to close all parentheses
- Use Up arrow for superscript, Down arrow for subscript
Operators
| square root | sqrt(x) |
| cube root | cbrt(x) |
| nth root | root(x,n) |
| limit | lim(x->c) |
| integral | int(a,b) |
| sum | sum(i=a,b) |
| product | prod(i=a,b) |
Type an equation below


jsPsych is a JavaScript library for creating and running behavioral experiments in a web browser. jsPsych simplifies the process of coding browser-based experiments by providing a set of flexibile plugins that define different kinds of tasks a subject could complete during an experiment. By assembling different plugins together and customizing the parameters of each, it is possible to create many different types of experiments.
Documentation is available at docs.jspsych.org.
Contributions to the code are welcome. Please use the Issue tracker system to report bugs or discuss suggestions for new features and improvements. If you would like to contribute code, submit a Pull request.
For questions about using the library, please post to the jsPsych e-mail list. This creates a publically available archive of questions and solutions.
jsPsych was created by Josh de Leeuw (@jodeleeu) at Indiana University.
If you use this library in academic work, please cite the paper that describes jsPsych
de Leeuw, J.R. (2015). jsPsych: A JavaScript library for creating behavioral experiments in a Web browser. Behavior Research Methods, 47(1), 1-12. doi:10.3758/s13428-014-0458-y


You can render in canvas mode as well as in html mode.

I made an HTML5/Javascript game based on this class. You can see it in action on http://bombs.topheman.com
There you can try the demos :
This class could be used in all kinds of animations and games such as pool billard or air hockey ...
copyright © 2012 Christophe Rosset (Topheman), released under MIT License


Before Change
exit()
if args.restore is not None and not os.path.exists(args.restore):
print("restore model file was not found")
exit()
// load dataset
dataset = SNIPS(sentence_length=args.sentence_length,
embedding_model=args.embedding_path,
After Change
if args.embedding_path is not None and not os.path.exists(args.embedding_path):
print("word embedding model file was not found")
sys.exit(0)
if not os.path.exists(args.dataset_path):
print("dataset_path does not exist")
sys.exit(0)
if args.restore is not None and not os.path.exists(args.restore):
print("restore model file was not found")
sys.exit(0)


Mobile Conditions Package Version 1.0.
Bundles wishing to use this package must list the package in the Import-Package header of the bundle's manifest. For example:
Import-Package: org.osgi.util.mobile; version=1.0


[attributes] --- label: April 2018 update of the WDPA layout: template-resource target_page: categories: - Updates & News is_published: true position: 37 [date_not_null published_date] 2018-04-01 00:00:00 UTC [categories topics] wdpa [categories types] [file resource_file] [text social-title] [text social-description] [text_custom summary] The total number of protected area records in the April 2018 release of the WDPA is 236,248 comprising of 217,835 polygons and 18,413 point, covering 245 countries and territories. [text resource_link_text] [text resource_link_url] [text resource_file_title] [wysiwyg content]
The total number of protected area records in the April 2018 release of the WDPA is 236,248 comprising of 217,835 polygons and 18,413 point, covering 245 countries and territories.
Follow us on facebook @
Protected Planet and twitter: @protectedplanet
Guyana: Partial update, Guyana's protected area network has been validated by our data providers, confirming that the country's protected area dataset is correctly represented in the WDPA.
Somalia: Partial update, resulting in the inclusion of protected area records for Somalia in the WDPA - a first for this country. UNEP-WCMC has been working with biodiversity experts from the Somali Wildlife and Natural History Society to re-establish the country's national parks and wildlife reserves in the WDPA. This is a major achievement and will help the country demonstrate progress towards Aichi Biodiversity Target 11. UNEP-WCMC will continue to work with Somalia to provide technical capacity and to improve the quality of their protected areas datasets.
Ramsar Sites, Wetlands of International Importance: Updated Rasmar sites for Japan and Slovenia where point datasets have been repalced with polygon datasets. This update is part of a series of updates on Ramsar data within the WDPA, resulting from enhanced data flows between UNEP-WCMC, the Ramsar Secretariat and member states.
UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Reserves: Partial update, following an effort to improve the quality of data for UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Reserves (MAB) in the WDPA. This has resulted in the removal of 10 outdated point records and one outdated polygon record. These records were either removed by the UNESCO MAB Secretariat, included within a larger site, or are not reported by the Secretariat.
|
Country |
Update type |
Polygon |
Point |
|
Point converted to polygon |
|||||
|
Added |
Removed |
Updated |
|
Added |
Removed |
Updated |
|
|||
| Japan | Partial |
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1
|
| Slovenia | Partial |
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
0 |
0
|
0 |
|
1
|
|
Somalia |
Partial |
0
|
0 |
0
|
21
|
0 | 0 |
0
|
||
|
Grenada
|
Partial | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Reserves | Partial | 0 |
1
|
0 | 0 |
10
|
0 | 0 |
Added:New feature added in the WDPA (ie. a new WDPAID was created)
Removed : Number of feature removed from the WDPA (ie. a WDPAID was removed from the database)
Updated : Modifications/updates of the geometry or some attributes of existing feature in the WDPA (ie. a feature with an existing WDPAID.
View this as a searchable table
Source: UNEP-WCMC and IUCN (2018), Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA) [On-line], April 2018, Cambridge, UK: UNEP-WCMC and IUCN. Available at: www.protectedplanet.net.
Citation: UNEP-WCMC (2018). Protected areas map of the world, April 2018 Available at: www.protectedplanet.net
Download this map from here
WDPA User Manual: We are pleased to announce that the WDPA User Manual has been translated into French, Spanish and Russian. Additionally, the Manual has been updated with an appendix on WDPA Data Contributor Agreements (Appendix 2), and has undergone general updates and edits based on user feedback. Version 1.5 of the User Manual is now available in three languages through the geodatabase download above and via the following links:
English: http://wcmc.io/WDPA_Manual
French: http://wcmc.io/WDPA_Manual_FR
Spanish: http://wcmc.io/WDPA_Manual_ES
Russian: http://wcmc.io/WDPA_Manual_RU
The data set status is defined as either:
1) New data set received, 2) Under review by UNEP-WCMC, 3) Under validation by data provider or 4) Final approval stages.
Argentina: Under review by UNEP-WCMC
Brazil: Under validation by data provider
Bolivia, Plurinational State of: Under validation by data provider
China: Final Approval Stages
Colombia: Final approval stages
Dominican Republic: Under review by UNEP-WCMC
Ecuador: Final approval stages
Falkands Islands (Malvinas): Under validation by data provider
Guatemala: Final approval stages
Honduras: Under review by UNEP-WCMC
Libya: New dataset received
Lithuania: New dataset received
Malaysia: New dataset received
Mexico: Under review by UNEP-WCMC
Mozambique: Under validation by data provider
Nigeria: Under validation by data provider
Paraguay: Final approval stages
Peru: New dataset received
Seychelles: Under validation by data provider
Sri Lanka: New dataset received
[text display_version_alert]


Amazon SageMaker Model ContainerDefinition
The
ContainerDefinition
property type specifies the definition of the container
for a model.
ContainerDefinition
is a property of the AWS::SageMaker::Model
resource.
Syntax
To declare this entity in your AWS CloudFormation template, use the following syntax:
JSON
{ "ContainerHostname" :
String
, "Environment" :JSON
object, "ModelDataUrl" :String
, "Image" :String
}
YAML
ContainerHostname:
String
Environment:JSON
object ModelDataUrl:String
Image:String
Properties
ContainerHostname
-
The DNS host name for the container after Amazon SageMaker deploys it.
Required: No
Type: String
Update requires: Replacement
Environment
-
The environment variables to set in the Docker container. Each key and value in the
Environment
string to string map can have length of up to 1024. We support up to 16 entries in the map.Required: No
Type: JSON object
Update requires: Replacement
ModelDataUrl
-
The S3 path where the model artifacts, which result from model training, are stored. This path must point to a single gzip compressed tar archive (.tar.gz suffix)
Required: No
Type: String
Update requires: Replacement
Image
-
The Amazon EC2 Container Registry (Amazon ECR) path where inference code is stored. If you are using your own custom algorithm instead of an algorithm provided by Amazon SageMaker, the inference code must meet Amazon SageMaker requirements. For more information, see Using Your Own Algorithms with Amazon SageMaker
Required: Yes
Type: String
Update requires: Replacement


Define image assets for instance.
Returns itself for the method chaining.
Define json assets for instance.
Returns itself for the method chaining.
Define sound assets for instance.
Returns itself for the method chaining.
Define spritesheet assets for instance.
Returns itself for the method chaining.
Define assets for instance.
Returns itself for the method chaining.
Define valriables for instance.
Returns itself for the method chaining.
Build content.
Emit event with specifying a context.
Event type to emit.
Context to execute the callback.
Argument(s) in callback.
Emit all events with specifying a context.
Context to execute the callback.
Argument(s) in callback.
Remove events grouped event type.
Event type to remove. If it is empty, removes all events.
Emit event.
Event type to emit.
Argument(s) in callback.
Emit all events.
Argument(s) in callback.
Unregister event.
Event type.
Registered callback.
Register event.
Event type.
Callback when the event fires.
Register one-time event.
Event type.
Callback when the event fires.
Preloads class assets.
Preloads instance assets.
Prepare content.
Create a cloned content class.
Content name.
Cloned content class.
Define image assets for class.
Define json assets for class.
Define libraries that is material of the content.
In the constructor named root, Application passes a reference to ContentDeliver as an argument.
By giving this argument to the child further, you will be able to access the data freely from anywhere.
Library data.
Define sound assets for class.
Define spritesheet assets for class.
Define assets for class.
Get cloned content.
Register manifest class.
Remove cloned content.
Set the content settings.
Config data.
Generated using TypeDoc
ID of this content.


how will our new president, trump affect us at wilow wind?
Trump won the president. What do i think as an american citizen, privileged, white and a male?
According to multiple tests i'm a republican, I would consider myself one. That does not mean i
agree with Donald J Trump. If I was able to vote I would most likely have voted for trump, though
that would not matter since I live in a strong democratic state, oregon. I think that trumps bigotry is
not a good representation for our country, but I’d rather have “jerk” than a liar!
Russia
.
I think It's clear Trump is willing to figure out some of the problems we have between russia and
the usa. Also The russians and trump are doing their best to resolve differences with the U.S.
over Russia's occupation of Crimea. There is much hate and protests around the word about
trump winning the election, but in russia about a third of the russians surveyed said that they
believe trump will be one of the greatest us presidents. (according to USA today)
The recount.
Jill Stein raises more funds for recount than entire presidential campaign.Jill stein, many clinton supporters and computer scientists say the the election is rigged, and “hacked”! Just like what trump said in a lot of his speeches a debates. Nominee jill stein has raise over 5.5 million dollars for a election recount. wisconsin has started to recount their votes.
Hacking is an abused word.hacking means to use a computer to gain unauthorized access to data in a system.


ВУМ - кратки курсове за QA
Преподавател: инж. Йорданка Будинова
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>https://vum.bg/bg/qa-short-course/
VUM-sort-courses_BG.pdf
- Въведение в софтуерното тестване и осигуряване на качеството
- Backend API тестване с Python
- Jenkins - проект за непрекъсната интеграция
- Appium, Selenium Grids
- Kali linux за тестери
- Локализация и интернационализация – предизвикателствата към QA
- Aвтоматизиране на визуалното тестване с Python
- Миграция на DB схема – приложение в софтуерната разработка и тестване
- Cофтуерни метрики / SW metrics
Software Quality Engineering
Chapter 1 - Software Quality Fundamentals
Created by Dani Budinova-Spahieva<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Press ESC to enter the slide overview.
Use the Space key to navigate through all slides.
Presentations look great on touch devices, like mobile phones and tablets. Simply swipe through your slides.
1.1 Software Engineering Culture and Ethics
The culture of an organization is a critical success factor in its process improvement efforts. "Culture" includes a set of shared values and principles that guide the behaviors, activities,
priorities, and decisions of a group of people working in the same area. When coworkers align
along common beliefs, it is easier to induce changes that will increase the group's effectiveness
and its probability of survival. A shared culture is one difference between a "team" and a "bunch
of bozos on a bus".
Customer involvement is the most critical factor in software quality.
Any successful enterprise requires that you both do the right thing, and do the thing right. We expect that professional software developers know how to do the "thing" right. Doing the right
thing, though, requires an unambiguous understanding of what your customer expects. To this
end, we strive to maximize participation of our customers in our development activities.
Sharing the vision of the final product with the customer
The classic failure of software development is that the product delivered only vaguely matches the
expectations of the customer. Every project, even small ones developing internally reusable software components, goes through a formal, written requirements specification process
If you don't have time to do it right, when will you have time to do it over?
Quality is the top priority; long-term productivity is a natural consequence of high quality
Ongoing education is every team member's responsibility.
Have a peer, rather than a customer, find a defect.
Written software development procedures can help improve quality.
Continual improvement of your software development process is both possible and essential.

People need to feel that the work they do is noticed.
Summary
You can't buy a culture in shrink-wrap; you must roll your own. Every software
team works in a different context of expectations, pressures, application domains, and technolo-
gies. The process of agreeing upon principles and values provides many opportunities for improving both the work environment and the work results. A shared culture is essential to progress
through the software process maturity sequence to the discipline of repeatable and measurable
software development processes.
Value and Cost of Quality (COQ)
Associated with providing poor quality products or services. Categories:
internal failure costs
associated with defects found before the customer receives the product or service
external failure costs
associated with defects found after the customer receives the product or service
appraisal costs
incurred to determine the degree of conformance to quality requirements
prevention costs
incurred to keep failure and appraisal costs to a minimum.
Cost of quality
is a methodology that allows an organization to determine the extent to which its resources are used for activities that prevent poor quality, that appraise the quality of the organization's
products or services, and that result from internal and external failures. Having such information allows an organization to determine the potential savings to be gained by implementing process improvements.
Quality-related activities that incur costs may be divided into:
prevention costs
appraisal costs
internal costs
external costs
Prevention costs
Incurred to prevent or avoid quality problems. Associated with the design, implementation,
and maintenance of the quality management system. Planned and incurred before actual operation, and they could include:
Product or service requirements
establishment of specifications for incoming materials, processes, finished products, and services
Quality planning
creation of plans for quality, reliability, operations, production, and inspection
Quality assurance
creation and maintenance of the quality system
Training
development, preparation, and maintenance of programs
Appraisal costs
Associated with measuring and monitoring activities related to quality. These costs are associated with the suppliers' and customers' evaluation of purchased materials, processes, products, and services to ensure that they conform to specifications. They could include:
Verification
checking of incoming material, process setup, and products against agreed specifications
Quality audits
confirmation that the quality system is functioning correctly
-
Supplier rating
assessment and approval of suppliers of products and services
Internal failure costs
Incurred to remedy defects discovered before the product or service is delivered to the customer. These costs occur when the results of work fail to reach design quality standards and are detected before they are transferred to the customer. They could include:
Waste
performance of unnecessary work or holding of stock as a result of errors, poor organization, or communication
Rework
Failure analysis
External failure costs
Incurred to remedy defects discovered by customers. These costs occur when products or services that fail to reach design quality standards are not detected until after transfer to the customer. They could include:
Repairs and servicing
Warranty claims
Complaints
all work and costs associated with handling and servicing customers' complaints
Cost of quality and organizational objectives
The costs of doing a quality job, conducting quality improvements, and achieving goals must be carefully managed so that the long-term effect of quality on the organization is a desirable one.
The quality cost system, once established, should become dynamic and have a positive impact on the achievement of the organization's mission, goals, and objectives.
Models and Quality Characteristics
The official ISO 9126 documentation software quality model identifies 6 main quality characteristics, namely:
Functionality
The software system is functioning, as specified,
Reliability
the capability of the system to maintain its service provision under defined conditions for defined periods of
time. (fault tolerance - the ability of a system to withstand component failure)
Models and Quality Characteristics - part 2
Usability
exists with regard to functionality and refers to the ease of use for a given function. learnability is also a major subcharacteristic of usability.
Efficiency
concerned with the system resources used when providing the required functionality.
Maintainability
ability to identify and fix a fault within a software component; testability, readability, modularization
Portability
how well the software can adopt to changes in its environment or with its requirements
Functionality
Suitability
appropriateness of the functions of the software.
Accurateness
correctness of the functions
Interoperability
the ability of a software component to interact with other components or systems.
Compliance
Where appropriate certain industry (or government) laws and guidelines need to be complied with
Security
unauthorized access to the software functions
Reliability
Maturity
frequency of failure of the software.
Fault tolerance
The ability of software to withstand (and recover) from component, or environmental, failure
Recoverability
Ability to bring back a failed system to full operation, including data and network connections.
Usability
Understandability
Determines the ease of which the systems functions can be understood
Operability
Ability of the software to be easily operated by a given user in a given environment.
Learnability
Learning effort for different users, i.e. novice, expert, casual etc.
Efficiency
Time behavior
Characterizes response times for a given thru put, i.e. transaction rate.
Resource behavior
Characterizes resources used, i.e. memory, cpu, disk and network usage.
Maintainability
Analyzability
Characterizes the ability to identify the root cause of a failure within the software
Changeability
Characterizes the amount of effort to change a system.
Stability
Characterizes the sensitivity to change of a given system that is the negative impact that may be caused by system changes.
Testability
Characterizes the effort needed to verify (test) a system change.
Portability
Adaptability
Characterizes the ability of the system to change to new specifications or operating environments.
Installability
Characterizes the effort required to install the software
Conformance
portability
Replaceability
Characterizes the plug and play aspect of software components, that is how easy is it to exchange a given software component within a specified environment.
Software Development Models:
Waterfall model
V model
Incremental model
RAD model
Agile model
Iterative model
Spiral model
Prototype model
Software Quality Improvement
Software underpins nearly every business process. Therefore it's essential to lower the cost of testing and improve the quality of your software. These four pointers will help you improve software quality and improve testing efficiency.
Test at the right time
By testing earlier you will be able to detect and solve defects rather than having to resolve them at the end of the process. The later software bugs are detected, the longer and more expensive they are to resolve.
Fixing bugs early can be a game-changer. The firm cut development time by 25 percent and bug fixing costs by 31 percent.
Get testers involved during the requirements and design stage so they can help formulate a more effective test framework. More than 70 percent of software issues in a live environment can be traced back to poor requirements.
Implement Static testing early in the life cycle to give immediate reactions on quality issues regarding your software development.
Improve testing organisation
Be professional in your testing or risk harming your business.
Implement specific policies to direct a consistent approach like using repeatable industry standard testing processes and training testers within this framework.
Remember: Use metrics. This helps keep track of where you are ensuring that you don't start before you're ready, and you finish when you're done to prevent wasted bandwidth.
Innovation leads to improvement
Write automated tests wherever possible to make your testing process more efficient. Make sure that your testing is targeted too. By using test design techniques and risk-based testing you can make sure that you will be using fewer, but more worthwhile tests.
Keep reviewing
You can have too much of a good thing. Just because certain methods have worked in the past doesn't mean they always will. Processes of evaluation and refactoring allow your testing team to maximise efficiency by reviewing what worked well.
Implement a Root cause analysis process which distinguishes whether issues were a 'testing miss', a 'development miss' or a 'requirements or design miss'. This will help to identify areas for improvement throughout the whole software development process.
Software system safety
In software engineering, software system safety optimizes system safety in the design, development, use, and maintenance of software systems and their integration with safety-critical hardware systems in an operational environment.
There are three major types of software failure. Not all of these can be rectified by the programmers. The three types are:
Software logic errors,
Software support errors,
Hardware failures
Techniques
During preliminary design
During Analysis/Requirements
During the Software Design phase
During the late design and coding phase
Software verification and testing
Chapter 2 - Software Quality Management Processes
2.1 Software Quality Assurance
2.2 Verification & Validation
2.3.Reviews and Audits
2.3.1 Management Reviews
2.3.2 Technical Reviews
2.3.3 Inspections
2.3.4 Walkthroughs
2.3.5 Process Assurance and Product Assurance Audits
2.1 Software Quality Assurance
This chapter describes ways to organize test teams, which qualifications are important, the tasks of a test manager, and which supporting processes must be present for efficient testing.
2.1.1 Test Organization
Test Teams - independent testing
pro:
a) Independent testers are unbiased and thus find additional and different of independent testing defects than developers find.
b) An independent tester can verify (implicit) assumptions made by developers during specification and implementation of the system.
cons:
Too much isolation may impair the necessary communication between independent testing testers and developers.
Independent testing may become a bottleneck if there is a lack of necessary resources.
Developers may lose a sense of responsibility for quality because they may think, "the testers will find the problems anyway."
Models of independent testing
The development team is responsible for testing, but developers test each other's programs
There are testers within the development team; these testers do all the test work for their team.
One or more dedicated testing teams exist within the project team
Independent test specialists are used for specific testing tasks (such as performance test, usability test, security test)
A separate organization (testing department, external testing facility, test laboratory) takes over the testing
Hint
Project or test management should set testing standards and rules, and require test logs from the developers.
To provide support for applying systematic testing methods, testing specialists should, at least temporarily, be called in as coaches.
2.1.2 Tasks and Qualifications
Test manager (test leader)
Test designer (test analyst)
Test automator
Test administrator
Tester
2.2 Test Planning
Quality Assurance Plan
Test designer (test analyst)
Test automator
Test administrator
Tester
2.2.1 Quality Assurance Plan - IEEE 730-2002
1. Purpose
2.Reference documents
3.Management
4.Documentation
5.Standards, practices, conventions, and metrics
6.Software reviews
7.Test
8.Problem reporting and corrective action
2.2.1 Quality Assurance Plan - IEEE 730-2002 part 2
9.Tools, techniques, and methodologies
10.Media control
11.Supplier control
12.Records collection, maintenance, and retention
13.Training
14.Risk management
15.Glossary
16.SQA Plan Change Procedure and History
2.2.2 Test Plan
Defining the overall approach to and strategy for testing
Deciding about the test environment and test automation
Defining the test levels and their interaction, and integrating the testing activities with other project activities
Deciding how to evaluate the test results
Selecting metrics for monitoring and controlling test work, exit criteria
Determining how much test documentation shall be prepared and determining templates
Writing the test plan and deciding on what, who, when, and how much testing
Estimating test effort and test costs
Test Plan according to IEEE 829-1998
1.Test plan identifier
2.Introduction
3.Test items
4.Features to be tested
5.Features not to be tested
6.Approach
7.Item pass/fail criteria (test exit criteria)
8.Suspension criteria and resumption requirements
Test Plan according to IEEE 829-1998 part 2
9.Test deliverables
10.Testing tasks
11.Environmental needs
12.Responsibilities
13.Staffing and training needs
14.Schedule
15.Risk and contingencies
16.Approvals
2.2.3 Prioritizing Tests
The usage frequency of a function or the probability of failure in software use.
Failure risk.
The visibility of a failure for the end user
Priority of the requirements.
Verifying conformance to required quality characteristics - high priority.
System architecture
Complexity
Project risk
2.2.4 Test Entry and Exit Criteria /when testing can be started and stopped/
preconditions for starting test execution
The test environment is ready.
The test tools are ready for use in the test environment.
Test objects are installed in the test environment.
The necessary test data is available.
2.2.4 Test Entry and Exit Criteria /Test manager/
stop test execution
Achieved test coverage: Tests run, covered requirements, code coverage, etc.
Product quality: Defect density, defect severity, failure rate, and reliability of the test object
Residual risk: Tests not executed, defects not repaired, incomplete coverage of requirements or code, etc.
Economic constraints: Allowed cost, project risks, release deadlines, and market chances
2.3 Cost and Economy Aspects
2.3.1 Costs of Defects
2.3.2 Cost of Testing
2.3.3 Test Effort Estimation
2.4 Choosing the Test Strategy and Test Approach
A test strategy or approach defines the project's testing objectives and the means to achieve them. It therefore determines testing effort and costs.
2.4.1 Preventative /testers are involved from the beginning/ vs. Reactive Approach /testers are involved (too) late/
2.4.2 Analytical vs. Heuristic Approach
2.5 Managing The Test Work
2.5.1 Test Cycle Planning - State of developmen, test results, resources
2.5.2 Test Cycle Monitoring /Test status report/
2.6 Incident Management
2.6.1 Test Log /Documenting incidents/
2.6.2 Incident Reporting /Document all information relevant to reproduction and correction/
2.6.3 Defect Classification
2.6.4 Incident Status
2.6.2 Incident Report template
Incident Report template
2.6.4 Incident status
2.6.4 Incident status - change control board, usually consists of representatives from the following stakeholders: product management, project
management, test management, and the customer.
2.7 Requirements to Configuration Management
Version management
Configuration identification
Incident and change status control
Configuration audits
2.8 Relevant Standards
Company standards
Best practices
Quality management standards [ISO 9000]
Standards for particular industrial sectors
Software testing standards - [BS 7925-2], [IEEE 829], [IEEE 1028], [ISO 29119]
2.9 Verification & Validation
Within each test level, the tester must make sure the outcomes of development meet the requirements that are relevant or specified on this specific
level of abstraction. This process of checking the development results according to their original requirements is called validation.
Does a product solve the intended task?
Is it the right system?
Am I building the right product?
2.9 Verification
Unlike validation, verification refers to only one single phase of the development process. Verification shall assure that the outcome of a particular development level has been achieved correctly and completely, according to its specification (the input documents for that development level).
Is the system correctly built?
Does a product fulfill its specification?
Am I building the product right?
Verification vs Validation
Validation is a High level activity.
Verification is a Low level activity.
Validation is done at the end of the development process and takes place after verifications are completed.
2.10 Reviews and Audits
Types of Reviews
Reviews pertaining to products or intermediate products that have been created during the development process
Reviews that analyze the project itself or the development process
2.10 Reviews and Audits - part 2
Management reviews evaluate actual project results with respect to plans.
Technical reviews (including inspections, walk-through, and desk checking) examine engineering work-products.
Product assurance audits make certain to provide evidence that software products and related documentation are identified in and comply with contracts; and ensure that non-conformances are identified and addressed
Process assurance audits make certain that the processes used to develop, install, operate, and maintain software conform to contracts, comply with any imposed laws, rules, and regulations and are adequate, efficient and effective for their intended purpose
2.10.1 Management/project Reviews [IEEE 1028]
Analyze the project itself or the development process. Such a review determines if plans and rules are followed, if the
necessary work tasks are executed, or the effectiveness of process improvements
A formal evaluation by top management of the status and adequacy of the quality system in relation to the quality policy and objectives.
The state of the project is evaluated with respect to technical, economic, time, and management aspects.
Performed when reaching a milestone, when completing a main phase, or as a "postmortem" analysis.
Make certain that the processes used to develop, install, operate, and maintain SW conform to contracts, comply with any imposed laws, rules, and regulations and are adequate, efficient and effective for their intended purpose
2.10.2 Technical Reviews
Statement of objectives - Does the review object fulfill its purpose?
Specific software product. Technical experts as reviewers
Specific project management plan
Issues list associated with this product
Technical review procedure.
Technical review procedure
The author & Management does not normally attend the meeting.
The individual reviewers' results must be given to the review leader prior to the
meeting. The meeting is then prioritized by assumed importance of the individual issues.
During the meeting, the recorder notes all the issues and prepares the final documentation of the results.
The review result must be approved unanimously by all involved reviewers and signed by everyone.
Consequences of the result are the responsibility of management.
The specialists may solve the technical issues.
2.10.3 Inspections
The most formal review type. Preparation is done using checklists, there are defined entry and exit criteria, and a trained moderator chairs the meeting. The objective of inspections is checking
the quality of the document and improvement of development, the development process, and the inspection process itself.
Tools are available for detecting anomalies in the data and control flows
of the program.
Metrics are used to measure quality.
2.10.4 Walkthroughs
A manual, informal review method with the purpose of finding defects, ambiguities, and problems in written documents. The
author presents the document to the reviewers in a review meeting
Educating an audience regarding a software produc
Improve the product, discuss alternative implementations, and to evaluate conformance to standards and specifications.
Discussion of typical usage situations
Suitable for small development teams
2.10.5 Process Assurance and Product Assurance Audits
https://www.qasigma.com/2008/12/process-and-product-assurance-methods-and-supporting-technologies.html
3 Practical Considerations
3.1 Software Quality Requirements
3.2 Defect Characterization
3.3 Software Quality Management Techniques
3.4 Software Quality Measurement
System requirements categorisation
Quality requirements life cycle
3.1 Software Quality Requirements
3.1.1 Influence Factors
3.1.2 Dependability
3.1.3 Integrity Levels of Software
3.1.1. Influence Factors
It looks like your project is off to a good start. The team got some customers involved in the requirements elicitation stage and you actually wrote a software requirements specification. The spec was kind of big, but the customers signed off on it so it must be okay.
Now you are designing one of the features and you've found some problems with the requirements. You can interpret requirement 15 a couple of different ways. Requirement 9 states precisely the opposite of requirement 21; which should you believe? Requirement 24 is so vague that you haven't got a clue what it means. You just had an hour-long discussion with two other developers about requirement 30 because all three of you thought it meant something different. And the only customer who can clarify these points won't return your calls. You're forced to guess at what many of the requirements mean, and you can expect to do a lot of rework if you guess wrong.
3.1.1. Influence Factors - part 1
Many software requirements specifications (SRS) are filled with badly written requirements. Because the quality of any product depends on the quality of the raw materials fed into it, poor requirements cannot lead to excellent software. Sadly, few software developers have been educated about how to elicit, analyze, document, and verify the quality of requirements. There aren't many examples of good requirements available to learn from, partly because few projects have good ones to share, and partly because few companies are willing to place their product specifications in the public domain.
Don't expect to create an SRS in which every requirement exhibits all of these desired characteristics. No matter how much you scrub, analyze, review, and refine the requirements, they will never be perfect. However, if you keep these characteristics in mind, you will produce better requirements documents and you will build better products.
3.1.1 Influence Factors - part 2
the domain of the system in which the SW resides; the system functions: safety-, mission-, business-, security -critical
the physical environment in which the software system resides
system and SW functional (what the system does) and quality (how well the system performs its functions) requirements
the specific software engineering standards applicable
the budget, staff, project organization, plans, and scheduling of all processes
the intended users and use of the system
the integrity level of the system
the methods and SW tools to be used for development and maintenance and for quality evaluation and improvement
3.1.2 Dependability
The extent to which a critical system is trusted by its users
Dependability is usually the most important system property of a critical system
A system does not have to be trusted to be useful
Dependability reflects the extent of the user's confidence that it will not fail in normal operation
Dimensions of Dependability
Availability - ability of the system to deliver services when requested
Reliability - ability of the system to deliver services specified
Safety - ability of system to operate without catastrophic failure
Security - ability of system to defend itself against intrusion
Maintainability
Concerned with the ease of repairing a system after failure
Many critical system failures are caused by faults introduced during maintenance
Maintainability is the only static dimension of dependability, the other 3 are dynamic
Survivability
Ability of a system to deliver services after a deliberate or accidental attack
This is very important for distributed systems whose security can be compromised
Resilience - ability of system to continue operation despite component failures
Dependability Costs
Tend to increase exponentially as increasing levels of dependability are required
More expensive development techniques and hardware are required to achieve higher levels of reliability
Increased testing and validation are required to convince users that higher levels of dependability have been achieved
Availability and Reliability
Availability - probability of failure-free operation over a specified time period in a given environment for a given purpose
Availability must take repair time into account
Reliability - probability that a given system will be operational at a given point in time and able to deliver services
Defect Characterization
Fault: A defect in source code. An "incorrect step, process, or data definition in computer
program." The encoding of a human error in source code. Fault is the formal name of a bug.
Failure: Deviation of the component or system from its expected delivery, service or result
Defect:
Synonyms: bug, fault, problem;
A flaw in a component or system that can cause the component or system to fail to perform its required function, e.g., an incorrect statement or data definition. A defect, if encountered during execution, may cause a failure of the component or system.
Error: "A human action that produces an incorrect result." A slip or mistake that a person
makes. Also called human error.
Computational Error: "the difference between a computed, observed, or measured value or condition and the true, specified, or theoretically correct value or condition."
3.3 Software Quality Management Techniques
3.3.1 Static Techniques
3.3.2 Dynamic Techniques
3.3.3 Testing
3.3.1 Static Techniques
An often-underestimated examination method is the so-called static test /static analysis/. Opposite to dynamic testing (see chapter 3.3.2),
the test object is not provided with test data and executed but rather analyzed. This can be done using one or more persons for an intensive investigation or through the use of tools. Such an investigation can be used for
all documents relevant for software development and maintenance.
The goal of examination is to find defects and deviations from the
existing specifications, standards to comply with, or even the project plan.
3.3.1 Static Techniques - part 2
An additional benefit is optimizing the
development process. The basic idea is defect prevention: defects and
deviations should be recognized as early as possible before they have any
effect in the further development process where they would result in
expensive rework.
<IP_ADDRESS> Structured Group Evaluations
Foundations - Systematic use of the human ability to think and analyze
Reviews - assure the quality of the examined documents /peer review, inspection/.
The General Process - six work steps: planning, kick-off, individual preparation, review meeting, rework, and follow-up.
Roles and Responsibilities - Manager, Moderator, Author, Reviewer, Recorder
Types of Reviews - products and management
Types of Reviews
Walkthrough - informal review: mutual learning, development of an understanding of the review object, and error detection.
Inspection - formal review, protocol.
Technical Review - Does the review object fulfill its purpose?
Informal Review - author initiates; Pair programming, buddy testing, code swapping
Selection Criteria - depends on organization
<IP_ADDRESS> Static Analysis - Analysis without executing the program, Formal documents
Formal documents - the technical requirements, the software architecture, or the software design. Example: modeling of class diagrams in UML; Generated outputs in HTML or XML
Developers typically use static analysis tools before or during component or integration testing to check if guidelines or programming conventions are adhered to. During integration testing, adherence to interface guidelines is analyzed.
If a static analysis is performed before the review, a number of defects and deviations can be found and the number of the aspects to be checked in the review clearly decreases. Due to the fact that static analysis is tool supported, there is much less effort involved than in a review.
The compiler is an analysis tool
The following defects and dangerous constructions can be detected by static analysis:
Syntax violations
Deviations from conventions and standards
Control flow anomalies
Data flow anomalies - Defined, Referenced, Undefined variable
Finding security problems
Execution of Control Flow Analysis
Control flow graph - Control flow anomalies /These anomalies could be jumps out of a loop body or a program structure
that has several exits. The graph is not generated manually but that it is generated by a tool that guarantees an exact mapping of the program text to the graph./ Predecessor-successor
table (so-called dead code)
Determining Metrics - Measuring of quality characteristics
Cyclomatic number (McCabe number) - measures the structural complexity of program code. The basis of
this calculation is the control flow graph.
For a control flow graph (G) of a program or a program part, the cyclomatic number can be computed like this:
v(G) = e - n + 2
v(G) = cyclomatic number of the graph G
e= number of edges of the control flow graph
n= number of nodes of the control flow graph
Determining Metrics - cyclomatic number
The value of 6 is, according to McCabe, acceptable and in the middle of the range.
He assumes that a value higher than 10 cannot be tolerated and rework of the
program code has to take place.
The cyclomatic number gives information about the testing effort. The higher the value of the cyclomatic number, the more difficult it is to understand the flow in a certain program part.
Generally, static analyses should be performed first, before a document is subjected to review. Static analyses provide a relatively inexpensive.
<IP_ADDRESS> Dinamic Analysis - testing software by executing the test objects on a computer.
black box testing
white box testing
experience-based testing
The test object (program) is fed with input data and executed. The program must be executable. In the lower test stages (unit and integration testing), the test object cannot be run alone but must be embedded into a test harness or test bed to obtain an executable program
The test object will usually call different parts of the program through predefined interfaces. These parts of the program are represented by placeholders called stubs when they are not yet implemented and therefore aren't ready to be used or if they should be simulated for this particular test of the test object. Stubs simulate the input/output behavior of the part of the program that usually would be called by the test object.
Test bed Point of Observation (PoO) and Point of Control (PoC)
PoC and PoO at black box and white box techniques
White box testing is also called structural testing because it considers the structure (component hierarchy, control flow, data flow) of the test object.
The black box testing techniques are also called functional, specification-based, or behavioral testing techniques because the observation of the input/output behavior is the main focus. The functionality of the test object is the center of attention.
Black box
Equivalence Class Partitioning
Example for the calculation of the dealer discount - description of the requirements: 'For a sales price of less than $15,000, no discount shall be given.
For a price up to $20,000, a 5% discount is given. Below $25,000, the discount is 7%, and from
$25,000 onward, the discount is 8.5%.'
Four different equivalence classes with correct input values (called valid equivalence classes, or vEC) can easily be derived for calculating the discount.
Boundary Value Analysis
Boundary value analysis checks the borders of the equivalence classes. On every border, the exact boundary value and both nearest adjacent values (inside and outside the equivalence class) are tested. The minimal possible increment in both directions should be used. For floating-point data, this can be the defined tolerance. Therefore, three test cases result from every boundary. If the upper boundary of one equivalence class equals the lower boundary of the adjacent equivalence class, then the respective test cases coincide as well.
Boundary Value Analysis
Equivalence Class Partitioning
Invalid equivalence classes and representatives also needed.
State Transition Testing
In state transition testing, the test object can be a complete system with different system states as well as a class in an object-oriented system with different states. Whenever the input history leads to differing behavior, a state transition test must be applied.
Every state has been reached at least once.
Every transition has been executed at least once.
Every transition violating the specification has been checked.
Logic-Based Techniques (Cause-Effect Graphing and Decision Table Technique, Pairwise Testing)
The logical relationships between the causes and their effects in a component or a system are displayed in a so-called cause-effect graph.
Every cause is described as a condition that consists of input values (or combinations thereof). The conditions are connected with logical operators (e.g., AND, OR, NOT). The condition, and thus its cause, can be True or False
Effects are treated similarly and described in the graph.
Cause-Effect Graph for an ATM
Decision table
Use-Case-Based Testing - Unified Modeling Language (UML) and diagrams
General Discussion of the Black Box Technique
Wrong specification is not detected
Functionality that's not required is not detected
Verification of the functionality
White Box Testing Techniques
Code-based testing techniques
All code should be executed
Statement testing
Statement coverage =
(number of executed statements / total number of statements) x 100%
Decision testing or branch testing: Branch coverage requires the test of every decision outcome: both THEN and ELSE in the IF statement; all possibilities for the CASE statement and the fall-through case; for loops, both execution of the loop body, bypassing the loop body and returning to the start of the loop.
Branch coverage=(number of executed branches / total number of branches) x 100%
Testing of conditions
Path testing
General Discussion of the White Box Technique
Determine the test intensity
Useful for lower test levels
Coverage is desirable even at higher test levels
Missing source code is not considered
Intuitive and Experience-Based Test Case Determination
Intuitive skill and experience of the testers - error guessing
Exploratory testing - test basis are are of low quality, obsolete, or do not exist at all
Coverage is desirable even at higher test levels
Missing source code is not considered
3.4 Software Quality Measurement
descriptive statistics based (e.g., Pareto analysis, run charts, scatter plots, normal distribution)
statistical tests (e.g., the binomial test, chi-squared test)
trend analysis (e.g., control charts; see The Quality Toolbox in the list of further readings)
prediction (e.g., reliability models).
Pareto analysis
formal technique useful where many possible courses of action are competing for attention. In essence, the problem-solver estimates the benefit delivered by each action, then selects a number of the most effective actions that deliver a total benefit reasonably close to the maximal possible one
80% of problems can be attributed to 20% of causes.
Run chart
A run chart is a graph of data, in chronological order, that displays changes and trends in the central tendency (average). Run charts can track events such as:
· Total failures
· Complaint levels
· End user satisfaction level
· Suggestion levels
· Training efforts
· Production yields
· Number of invoices
· Number of system errors
· Down time (minutes, percent)
Scatter Diagram /scatter plot, X-Y graph/
Scatter chart is commonly used to graph paired data such as scientific, statistical and engineering data. It has two value axes, showing one set of numerical data along the X-axis and another along the Y-axis. As the cursor moves, the X-axis and Y-axis value change real-time and automatically. Thus, users can gain higher precision in drawing.
4.1 Test management
·
- Tools for Management and Control of Testing and Tests - provide mechanisms for easy documentation, prioritization, listing, and maintenance of test cases.
Requirements, Incident, Configuration management; Tool integration
- Tools for Test Specification - So-called test (data) generators can support the test designer in generating test data
Database-based, Code-base, Interface-based, Specification-based
- Tools for Static Testing - executed on source code or on specifications before there are executable programs. Model checker, Static analysis, Tools for review support
- Tools for Dynamic Testing - Debuggers, Test drivers and test frameworks, Simulators, Test robots
- Tools for Nonfunctional Test - Load and performance test, Monitors, Testing of security, Data Quality Assessment
4.2 Selection and Introduction of Test Tools
A tool can never replace a nonexistent process or compensate for a sloppy procedure. It is far better to improve the effectiveness of testing first than to improve the efficiency of poor testing. Automating chaos just gives faster chaos - Fewster
·
- Incident management
- Configuration management
- Test planning
- Test execution
- Test specification
4.3 Cost Effectiveness of Tool Introduction
Make a cost-benefit analysis
Evaluate the influence on test quality
4.4 Tool Selection
- Requirements specification for the tool
- Market research (creating a list of possible candidates)
- Tool demonstrations
- Evaluation of the tools on the short list
- Review of the results and selection of the tool
4.4 Tool Selection - Selection criteria
- Quality of interaction with the potential test objects
- Tester know-how regarding the tool or method
- Possibility of integration into the existing development environment
- Possibility of integration with other already used testing tools
- Platform for using the tool
- Possibilities for integration with tools from the same supplier
- Manufacturers service, reliability, and market position
- License conditions, price, maintenance costs
4.5 Tool Introduction
- Pilot operation - Coaching and training measures are important
- Success factors
- Introduce the tool stepwise.
- Integrate the tool's support with the processes.
- Implement user training and continuous coaching
- Make available rules and suggestions for applying the tool.
- Collect usage experiences and make them available to all users (hints, tricks, FAQs, etc.).
- Monitor tool acceptance and gather and evaluate cost-benefit data.
4.5 Tool Introduction - follows these six steps:
- Execute a pilot project.
- Evaluate the pilot project experiences.
- Adapt the processes and implement rules for usage.
- Train the users.
- Introduce the tool stepwise.
- Offer coaching.
4.6 Summary
- Tools are available for every phase of the test process, helping the tester automate test activities or improve the quality of these activities.
- Use of a test tool is beneficial only when the test process is defined and controlled.
- Test tool selection must be a careful and well-managed process because introducing a test tool may incur large investments.
- Information, training, and coaching must support the introduction of the selected tool. This helps to assure the future users' acceptance and hence the continued application of the tool.


The EMA
extension calculates the exponential moving average of an indicator's .Current.Value
.
var rsi = RSI("SPY", 14); // Create a RSI indicator var rsiEMA = _rsi.EMA(3); // Create an indicator to calculate the 3-period EMA of the RSI indicator
rsi = self.RSI("SPY", 14) # Create a RSI indicator rsi_ema = IndicatorExtensions.EMA(rsi, 3) # Create an indicator to calculate the 3-period EMA of the RSI indicator
The EMA
extension can also accept a smoothing parameter that sets the percentage of data from the previous value that's carried into the next value.
var rsiEMA = rsi.EMA(3, 0.1m); // 10% smoothing factor
rsi_ema = IndicatorExtensions.EMA(rsi, 3, 0.1) # 10% smoothing factor


{{ request.user.username }}'s Tickets
Assigned Tickets
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{{ticket.title}}
{% endif %} {% endfor %}
Completed Tickets
{% for ticket in tickets %} {% if ticket.closed_by == request.user %}
{{ticket.title}}
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Created Tickets
{% for ticket in tickets %} {% if ticket.author == request.user %}
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An implementation is allowed to implement MPI_WTIME, MPI_WTICK, PMPI_WTIME, PMPI_WTICK, and the handle-conversion functions ( MPI_Group_f2c, etc.) in Section Transfer of Handles , and no others, as macros in C.
Advice
to implementors.
Implementors should document which routines are implemented as macros.
( End of advice to implementors.)
Advice to users.
If these routines are implemented as macros, they will not work with the MPI
profiling interface.
( End of advice to users.)


Provides classes and interfaces for integrating certain Jakarta RESTful Web Services constructs into CDI 2.0 environments.


| File | Statements | Branches | Functions | Lines | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| src | 100% | 2/2 | 100% | 0/0 | 100% | 0/0 | 100% | 2/2 | |
| src/cli | 100% | 35/35 | 100% | 12/12 | 100% | 7/7 | 100% | 35/35 | |
| src/cli/groups | 100% | 137/137 | 100% | 89/89 | 100% | 28/28 | 100% | 137/137 | |
| src/fb-api | 100% | 279/279 | 95.28% | 101/106 | 100% | 74/74 | 100% | 273/273 | |
| src/fb-api-helpers | 84.72% | 194/229 | 47.06% | 56/119 | 91.03% | 71/78 | 84.72% | 194/229 | |
| src/server | 98.37% | 121/123 | 97.14% | 68/70 | 94.74% | 36/38 | 98.36% | 120/122 | |
| src/store | 100% | 17/17 | 100% | 9/9 | 100% | 4/4 | 100% | 16/16 | |
| src/utils | 100% | 65/65 | 100% | 38/38 | 100% | 36/36 | 100% | 64/64 |


And the LORD God took the man, and put him into the garden of Eden to dress it and to keep it.
Genesis 2:15
“To dress it and to keep it. The first word literally means to work it; for though a paradise, yet the garden had to be tilled and planted. Seeds must be sown and the cultivated plots kept in order . . . .” - Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers
There go the ships: there is that leviathan, whom thou hast made to play therein.
And here for once we seem to catch a breath of enthusiasm for the sea . . . . - Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers
“The ship is but a small vessel, and takes up but a small room in comparison of the vast ocean on which it is . . . a ship is unfixed and unsettled, sometimes here and sometimes there . . . .” - Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
Shew me thy ways, O LORD; teach me thy paths.
Psalms 25:4
” . . . namely, the paths of duty, the ways of his worship and ordinances; a greater knowledge of which good men desire to have, as well as more grace to enable them to walk more closely and constantly in them . . . . “ - Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible


| ID | Project | Customer | PM | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EMP1234RT | Vision Soft | Jhone Doe | Clint | Update | Enter Cost | Forecast |
| EMP1234RT | Vision Soft | Jhone Doe | Clint | Update | Enter Cost | Forecast |
| EMP1234RT | Vision Soft | Jhone Doe | Clint | Update | Enter Cost | Forecast |
| EMP1234RT | Vision Soft | Jhone Doe | Clint | Update | Enter Cost | Forecast |


| 013:014 Khan | : |
For Him (Alone) is the Word of Truth (i.e. none has the right to be worshipped but He). And those whom they (polytheists and disbelievers) invoke, answer them no more than one who stretches forth his hand (at the edge of a deep well) for water to reach his mouth, but it reaches him not, and the invocation of the disbelievers is nothing but an error (i.e. of no use). |
| 013:014 Maulana | : |
To Him is due the true prayer. And those to whom they pray besides Him give them no answer, but (they are) like one who stretches forth his two hands towards water that I may reach his mouth, but it will not reach it. And the prayer of the disbelievers is only wasted. |
| 013:014 Pickthal | : |
Unto Him is the real prayer. Those unto whom they pray beside Allah respond to them not at all, save as (is the response to) one who stretcheth forth his hands toward water (asking) that it may come unto his mouth, and it will never reach it. The prayer of disbelievers goeth (far) astray. |
| 013:014 Rashad | : |
Imploring Him is the only legitimate supplication, while the idols they implore beside Him cannot ever respond. Thus, they are like those who stretch their hands to the water, but nothing reaches their mouths. The supplications of the disbelievers are in vain. |
| 013:014 Sarwar | : |
Prayer to Him is the true prayer. Those to whom they pray instead of God will answer none of their prayers. It is as though one stretches his hands out to the water that can never reach his mouth. The prayers of the unbelievers will get nowhere. |
| 013:014 Shakir | : |
To Him is due the true prayer; and those whom they pray to besides Allah give them no answer, but (they are) like one who stretches forth his two hands towards water that it may reach his mouth, but it will not reach it; and the prayer of the unbelievers is only in error. |
| 013:014 Sherali | : |
Unto Him alone is due the true Prayer. And those on whom they call instead of HIM answer them not at all. Their case is but like the case of him who stretches forth his two hands towards water that it may reach his mouth, but it reaches it not. And the prayer of a disbeliever is but a thing wasted. |
| 013:014 Yusufali | : |
For Him (alone) is prayer in Truth: any others that they call upon besides Him hear them no more than if they were to stretch forth their hands for water to reach their mouths but it reaches them not: for the prayer of those without Faith is nothing but (futile) wandering (in the mind). |
Concepts/Themes Covered: أركان الإسلام > التوحيد > توحيد الله تعالي > وحدانيته Pillars of Islam> Islamic> Oneness of Allah> Singularity and Being Unique
This tool uses eight English parallel translations for the Holy Quran imported from Mr. Clay Smith. You can also visit Qurany Concepts for browsing the Quran themes or topics. If you want to search the Holy Quran for keywords, please visit Qurany Keywords.


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Doja Cat Shows Off Curves In A Low-Cut Leopard Print Bodysuit And Fans Are Loving It
November 17, 2019
Doja Cat Shows Off Curves In A Low-Cut Leopard Print Bodysuit And Fans Are Loving It
Doja Cat turned up the fierceness on her Instagram page on Friday when she posted a photo of herself in a leopard print bodysuit that shows of her hourglass figure. The “Rules” rapper paired the outfit with a long blonde wig, a pair of yellow oversized statement sunglasses and what appears to be scarf until you read the post’s caption. In it, she revealed that how beguilingly creative her headwear actually is.
“@fashionnova got cute leopard bodysuits but I used one as a scarf to match this jumpsuit because WE’RE INNOVATORS,” the “Juicy” rapper wrote in the caption. “Suck on that.”
Although recommended Fashion Nova’s bodysuits, Doja Cat did not share the name of the design she’s wearing. A search of the website didn’t turn up any clothing that looks the same as the bodysuit Doja has on in her most recent Instagram post.
As of writing, the photo has attracted more than 150,000 likes and over 850 comments.
In the comments section, fans shared their appreciation for Doja’s fashion choices.
Quite a few of her fans applauded the creativity of her headwear.
“We love a fashion designer,” one fan wrote.
Others expressed admiration for the entire ensemble.
“Love love love your outfit,” another added.
The image even inspired more than one proposal.
“Doja please marry me,” the fan wrote. “I’ll do anything.”
“Serious question….can we get married for like a day?” the commenter asked. “Is that asking for too much?”
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This isn’t the first time that Doja has worn an animal print outfit in a photo on her Instagram page. In a post she created in October she’s wearing a snakeskin print bikini with a cowboy hat and dark sunglasses. The two-piece outfit has a unique garter belt attached to it and there’s a matching strap wrapped around her torso which emphasizes her hourglass figure. She wears a version of this outfit in the video for “Rules,” one of the lead singles off of her recently released album Hot Pink.
Doja appears to truly have a thing for animal print since she also wore a pink leopard print bikini top in a photo series she uploaded on September 19. Doja appears to have tied the top’s straps around her waist and in one photo she paired it with a maxi skirt in the same color and print. The series currently has close to 500,000 likes on Instagram and more than 3,5000 people have commented on it.