Harrelson, Shannon among Frick Award finalists
by EndPlayCOOPERSTOWN, N.Y. (AP) - Former big league players Ken Harrelson and Mike Shannon are among the eight finalists for the Ford Frick Award for excellence in baseball broadcasting, presented annually by the Hall of Fame.
Harrelson spent 28 years calling games for the Chicago White Sox and 42 in all, including his time with the Boston Red Sox and New York Yankees.
Shannon played for the Cardinals for nine seasons and broadcast their games for 42 years.
Other finalists announced Friday include Joe Castiglione, Jacques Doucet, Tom Hamilton, Pat Hughes, Ned Martin and Dewayne Staats. The winner will be announced on Dec. 11 at the winter meetings and honored July 25 at the Hall's awards presentation during induction weekend.
The Frick Award rotates annually among current major league market broadcasters, national broadcasters and broadcasting beginnings.
___
More AP MLB: https://apnews.com/MLB and https://twitter.com/AP_Sports


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Open your email inbox and look for a message from example@example.com.


cliclick 5.0
What is cliclick?
Cliclick is a Terminal/shell application that emulates keyboard and/or mouse events. This can include moving the mouse, clicking, double-clicking, command-clicking, dragging, pressing Escape, typing texts and so on. Hence, it is a tool that can help in automating/scripting things that otherwise are more or less unscriptable.
How to use
Invoke cliclick with switch -h
(i.e.: cliclick -h
) to see usage information and examples.
But to just give you an idea of how it works, here is a simple demonstration:
cliclick c:28,11 w:500 m:+0,+24 w:1000 kd:alt w:1000 c:. ku:alt
This code will execute the following commands:
c:28,11
Click at position 28/11 (open the Apple menu)w:500
Wait 500 millisecondsm:+0,+24
Move the mouse 24 pixels down (resulting in 28/35, which is the first menu item, i.e.: “About this Mac”)w:1000
Wait 1000 milliseconds (so you have time to notice that the item is hilited)kd:alt
Press the “alt” modifier keyw:1000
Wait 1000 milliseconds (to give you the time to notice that “About this Mac” changed to “Open System Profiler”)c:.
Click at the current position (“.” is the current mouse position, just as in Terminal, “.” is the current directory. You could also writec:+0,+0
)ku:alt
Finally: release the “alt” key
When running this example, you will have to prefix it with the full path (should be /Volumes/cliclick
), if you have not installed cliclick yet.
Installation
Put cliclick anywhere you like. In my eyes the best (i.e.: most common) place would be /usr/local/bin
. Additionally, you will want to make sure that this path is in your $PATH
environment variable, so that you can use cliclick without specifying the full path. (If you have no idea what $PATH
is, you should probably familiarize yourself with shell basics. A web search for something like “bash profile path mac” should be sufficient to find plenty of resources.)
In addition, cliclick can be installed through Homebrew or MacPorts.
What is new in version 5.0?
- New command:
dm
(“drag move”). Using this command in combination withdd
(“drag down”) anddu
(“drag up”), it is – for example – possible to “draw” using cliclick. - Cliclick is now a universal binary which runs natively on Intel x86 and ARM (“Apple Silicon”) CPUs. This change made it necessary to increase the minimum system version to macOS 10.15, which is the reason for the major version number bump, as this is a backward incompatible change. The previous version 4.0.1, which runs on 10.9 or newer, is still available for download.
cliclick 5.0 was released on 2021-02-27.
Release notes for previous versions can be found on the website.
Price
Cliclick is free (and Open Source Software). However, if you appreciate it and would like to send a “Thank you”, there are a number of ways to do that. Please take a look at my website for more information or simply invoke cliclick -n
at the shell.
Contact / Feedback
Carsten Blüm<EMAIL_ADDRESS>/ www.bluem.net
cliclick Homepage
cliclick project at GitHub
Disclaimer
This application is provided as-is. Support is not included. Use this software at your own risk. If for some obscure reason any damage or data loss may arise from using it (which in my opinion is nearly impossible), it is nobody else’s problem than yours.


From their website1, it is defined by:
JMatPro® is a simulation software which calculates a wide range of materials properties for alloys and is particularly aimed at multi-components alloys used in industrial practice.
Using JMatPro® you can make calculations for:
JMatPro® databases give acces to (at a given composition or temperature):
Thermodynamic data for each phase: volume/mass fraction, composition, density, enthalpy ...
Thermophysical data: fraction, composition, density, enthalpy ...
Thermomechanical data: viscosity, surface tension, bulk and shear moduli ...
Electrical data: Electrical conductivity/resistivity ...
Like any thermodynamic software, you should know what to expect :-)
Software specificities: \(\sigma\)-phase precipitates are available in stainless steels but not in general steels (check \(\chi\)-phase)
According to the product flyer, metastable phases are only available with Al alloys
Other ? (For now it is not easy to know more, I need to dig in deeper ...)
At TSV, it is only used via the interface (with only one machine-license)
Several modules are available through the "Material Types" tab then choosing any material (General Steel in this case)
Solidification
module with General SteelsThe Soldification
mdolule features a 0D computation2
Predefined exports: user is limited to available data exports, therefore no possibility to readily customize output
Input parameters for General steels in Solidification
are: grain size (\(\mu\)m) , initial temperature4(°C) and cooling rate (°C/s) => related to a Kirkaldy model ?
Input parameters for Stainless steels in Solidification
are: initial temperature5(°C) and minimum liquid fraction (-) => related to a Scheil-Gulliver model ?
It is not possible to choose phases for General steels in Solidification
The modified6 Gulliver-Scheil model is not an option in the interface
other ?
The API offers immediate advantages over the interface :
Extend, organise, process and format output as needed ==> customised data export
Seemless implementation with existing tools
Automate batch data generation (e.g. vary nominal composition with temperature stepping)
Combine functionalities from different modules (e.g. Solidification
and Thermodynamic Properties
)
From the API documentation7
Core
: provides core functionality and contains functions used for general settings, or for settings which are common to several modules.Solver
: provides functions to set up and run thermodynamic calculations of stable and metastable phase equilibria in multicomponent alloys, as well as nonequilibrium Scheil-Gulliver calculations.Coldfire
: allows for the calculation of physical, thermophysical, and room-temperature matrix mechanical properties.Solidification
: provides functions to set up and run calculations of phase evolution, as well as physical and thermophysical properties, during solidification.TTT
: allows for the calculation of time-temperature transformation (TTT) diagrams of general steels.CCT
: allows for the calculation of continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagrams of general steels.Core
moduleCore
functions like jmpSetMaterialType
and jmpSetAlloyComposition
are compulsory for any program using the API. Available (compulsory and optional) functions in the module:
Solver
moduleSolver
is the most important module in the API. It contains the necessary routines to perform general thermodynamic calculations at equilibrium and non-equilibrium. This module will be my point of interest for the segregation functionality in THERCAST®. Available functions in the module:
No getter functions are available in the API, results are hard-written in *.out
files
other ?
Core
moduleSolver
moduleColdfire
moduleSolidification
module


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gcode-sender is a chrome application capable of sending gcode commands to a USB gcode intrepreter (hobby CNC machines / 3D printers).
I feel that Chome OS machines have qualities which make them ideal in the machine shop. They are always up to date, secure, have only your cloud-stored files/applications available, relatively cheap, and easily swappable should something bad happen...
The common place alternative is an out of date Windows machine which is usually disconnected from the network, only has local accounts, and is running unknown (potentially malicious) software. Files are typically transferred by flash-drive-sneaker-net.
The source code and documentation are available on github (https://github.com/sir-buckyball/chrome-gcode-sender). Please feel free to make improvements or file bugs there.


Types in Microsoft.FSharp.Control
Public instance methods
void DiscardBufferedData()
. DiscardBufferedData tells StreamReader to throw away its internal
. buffer contents. This is useful if the user needs to seek on the
underlying stream to a known location then wants the StreamReader
to start reading from this new point. This method should be called
very sparingly, if ever, since it can lead to very poor performance.
However, it may be the only way of handling some scenarios where
users need to re-read the contents of a StreamReader a second time.
FSharpAsync<int> Peek()
Creates an async that produces next character from the stream without advancing the stream
Note that when the async is run it reflects the reader state at the time of running; multiple runs will
yield different results.
FSharpAsync<int> Read(Char[] buffer, int index, int count)
Creates an async that reads all the charactes that are avilable in the stream up to countbuffer starting at index. The async returns the number of characters that are read.
Note that when the async is run it reflects the reader state at the time of running; multiple runs will
yield different results.
FSharpAsync<Char> Read()
Creates an async that reads next character from the stream
Note that when the async is run it reflects the reader state at the time of running; multiple runs will
yield different results.
FSharpAsync<int> ReadExactly(Char[] buffer, int index, int count)
Creates an async that reads exactly count characters from the stream unless end of stream is reached and puts them
into buffer starting at index. The async returns the number of characters that are read (if end-of-stream is not reached
that will be count
Note that when the async is run it reflects the reader state at the time of running; multiple runs will
yield different results.
FSharpAsync<string> ReadLine()
Creates an async that reads next line from the stream
Note that when the async is run it reflects the reader state at the time of running; multiple runs will
yield different results.
FSharpAsync<string> ReadToEnd()
Creates an async that read all characters in the stream up to the end.
Note that when the async is run it reflects the reader state at the time of running; multiple runs will
yield different results.
Public properties
Encoding CurrentEncoding get;
FSharpAsync<bool> EndOfStream get;
An async that produces true if the reader is at the end of stream and false otherwise
Note that when the async is run it reflects the reader state at the time of running; multiple runs will
yield different results.


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It's time for the people to take back our country from special interests. Take one minute to join the movement. You can help change the way campaigns are funded and end the system of corruption in Washington, DC!


Press release
Matthew Hancock has today (12 June 2014) announced a £30 million fund to increase the supply of engineers.
Skills and Enterprise Minister Matthew Hancock has today (12 June 2014) announced a £30 million fund to increase the supply of engineers, to encourage more women into the sector and to address engineering skills shortages in smaller companies. The fund will enable engineering companies to establish training programmes to develop future engineers and boost the number of women in the profession.
£10 million of the fund will be directed to a call to ‘Developing Women Engineers’ and £10 million to a call to ‘Improving Engineering Careers’. A further £10 million will be made available in the autumn to develop engineering skills in smaller companies. The calls have been developed in consultation with professional institutions and leading engineering companies from across the sector.
Speaking at the launch of the Manufacture your Future initiative in the West Midlands, Skills and Enterprise Minister Matthew Hancock said:
Skills are central to the UK economy and our long-term competitiveness. In order to allow UK engineering to grow and compete on the world stage we need a guaranteed supply of highly skilled and talented engineers.
As highlighted in the Perkins Review, the engineering sector is currently failing to draw on the whole talent pool. By supporting employers to develop the workforce of the future and bring more women into the engineering, we’re empowering the industry to unlock its potential.
The announcement forms part of the government’s Employer Ownership Fund that enables employers to design training projects that can address skills shortages holding back their business, providing 50% match funding to employers.
‘Developing Women Engineers’ and ‘Improving Engineering Careers’ are the first of a series of focused calls, centred on priority sectors that play a key role in ensuring the UK’s global economic competitiveness. Prospective bidders are encouraged to explore how they can support employees, particularly women, looking to return to the sector and how individuals with relevant skills can be helped to progress to become fully qualified engineers.
The calls come as a direct response to recommendations made in Perkins Review of Engineering, published in November 2013. Professor Perkins’ review of skills within the engineering sector recommended the government invite employers to put forward innovative proposals to develop engineering skills in sectors suffering acute skills shortages.
The government is working together with industry to address these critical issues and establish the skills training that can guarantee a vibrant and prosperous UK engineering sector. This follows a call to action announced in May 2014 supported by over 170 leading organisations across business, education and the third sector. The call to action will create some 2,000 employment opportunities aimed at increasing diversity and put in place a raft of measures geared towards increasing take-up across science, technology, engineering and maths.
Minister for Women Nicky Morgan said:
I am pleased to announce that the government is providing £10 million to help women progress as engineers. We need to move away from the perception that engineering is a ‘man’s world’. Without women pursuing careers in engineering, UK companies are missing out on a vast pool of talent.
The Employer Ownership Fund empowers employers to work with government to solve skills challenges that cannot be supported through mainstream funding. The fund is focused on combating skills shortages in key strategic sectors such as engineering and automotive due to the role they play in driving growth and the government’s Industrial Strategy .
Terry Scuoler chief executive of EEF, the manufacturers’ organisation said:
The lack of engineering skills in the UK has become a ticking time-bomb, and manufacturers are investing heavily in their current and future workforces to prevent it from exploding. This must include investing in all sections of our workforce, in particular women where the UK has an especially poor record. What has been needed is extra support to push companies to adopt more innovative solutions to truly tackle the skills shortage and gender imbalance that exists in our industry.
The fund announced today will do just that and we will be encouraging manufacturers to get involved and take this opportunity to tackle the skills challenge head-on.
Published: 12 June 2014


{% extends "other.html" %}
{% block title %} Frequently Asked Questions {% endblock %}
{% block pagetitle %}Other - FAQ{% endblock %}
{% block subtitle %} And not so frequent asked ones too{% endblock %}
{% block main_content %}
How to get in touch with me
Why do you bother with this site?
I like to write and I want to have an online presence.
How many people visit your site?
I have no idea, probably not that many.
What are your biggest interests?
I love reading and working on computer science related projects. I go into this a little more in the about me section.
Why did you learn braille?
I've also always been interested in different ways to interpret data. This is a great example that is widely in use.
Why don't you update your site often?
Mainly because I'm too busy. If I had the time I would. Stay tuned... maybe I'll be less busy soon.
Why are there so many spelling and grammar errors on your page?
Because you haven't reported them to me yet. See the contact me page.
Why is your F.A.Q so short?
Because with so few visitors I don't exactly have frequently asked questions.


At Green Collar, we pride ourselves on our years of reliable and personalized work in Berkshire, Franklin, Hampden, Hampshire, and Worcester county. Call us today to schedule a no cost consultation to see how the Mass Save program can benefit you.
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“The Green Collar service providers were helpful, efficient and professional. They kept us informed about their progress during the installation. Green Collar provided excellent quality products, and explained the process very well. We felt very comfortable with their service and would recommend Green Collar to anyone interested in saving money on their utility bills!”
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Escope (escope) is ECMAScript scope analyzer extracted from esmangle project.
var escope = require('escope');
var esprima = require('esprima');
var estraverse = require('estraverse');
var ast = esprima.parse(code);
var scopeManager = escope.analyze(ast);
var currentScope = scopeManager.acquire(ast); // global scope
estraverse.traverse(ast, {
enter: function(node, parent) {
// do stuff
if (/Function/.test(node.type)) {
currentScope = scopeManager.acquire(node); // get current function scope
}
},
leave: function(node, parent) {
if (/Function/.test(node.type)) {
currentScope = currentScope.upper; // set to parent scope
}
// do stuff
}
});
Generated JSDoc is here.
Demonstration is here by Sasha Mazurov (twitter: @mazurov). issue
And there are tools constructed on Escope.
Copyright (C) 2012-2013 Yusuke Suzuki (twitter: @Constellation) and other contributors.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 IN NO EVENT SHALL


Rational Recovery offers support for individual's recovering as well as their family members and friends.
Nar-Anon Groups focus mainly on family or friends of people suffering from an addiction problems.
Recovery Village lists several tips for family members of recovering addicts.


#include <string.h> void *memchr(const void *s, int c, size_t n); void *memrchr(const void *s, int c, size_t n); void *rawmemchr(const void *s, int c);
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):
memrchr(), rawmemchr(): _GNU_SOURCE
The memrchr() function is like the memchr() function, except that it searches backward from the end of the n bytes pointed to by s instead of forward from the beginning.
The rawmemchr() function is similar to memchr(): it assumes (i.e., the programmer knows for certain) that an instance of c lies somewhere in the memory area starting at the location pointed to by s, and so performs an optimized search for c (i.e., no use of a count argument to limit the range of the search). If an instance of c is not found, the results are unpredictable. The following call is a fast means of locating a string's terminating null byte:
char *p = rawmemchr(s, '\0');
The rawmemchr() function returns a pointer to the matching byte, if one is found. If no matching byte is found, the result is unspecified.
memrchr() first appeared in glibc in version 2.2.
The memrchr() function is a GNU extension, available since glibc 2.1.91.
The rawmemchr() function is a GNU extension, available since glibc 2.1.


{%extends display.suMain%} {%block content%}
{%trans "Documentation and examples for using Siftal progress bars."%}
{%trans "Siftal use html progress and meter and have some styles on them, each serving its own semantic purpose"%}
{%trans "Use the meter element to measure data within a given range"%}


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clustergb.coordination¶
Coordination number (number of neighbours inside a cutoff) is a popular metric for structures. This code implements the Fermi-smeared version of this value from [1] which is more appropriate for the chaotic GB environment.
| [1] | Huang, Grabowski, McEniry, Trinkle, Neugebauer, Phys. Status Solidi B 252 (2015) |
-
clustergb.coordination.
auto_parameterize
(nn_dist, snn_dist, smear=None)¶ Automatically calculate fermi parameters from crystal properties so that the midpoint and width of the smearing depend on the distance between first and second nearest neighbours.
Parameters: - nn_dist (float) – Nearest neighbour distance.
- snn_dist (float) – Second-nearest neighbour distance.
- smear (float) – Fermi sigma value to use. (Default is twenty percent of the first and second nearest neighbour distance difference.)
Returns: 2-element tuple containing
- (float) – Distance for half contribution.
- (float) – Smearing width.
-
clustergb.coordination.
coordination
(pos, r0, sigma, indices=None)¶ Calculates the Fermi-smeared coordination numbers for a structure as
\[N_i = \sum_j \exp \left( \frac{r_{ij} - r_0}{\sigma} \right).\]Parameters: - pos (np.ndarray) – \((n, 3)\) vector of atomic positions to use when calculating coordination.
- r0 (float) – Distance at which an atom contributes 0.5 to coordination.
- sigma (float) – Fermi smearing parameter for transitioning from coordination 1 down to 0.
- indices (np.ndarray or int) – Specific atoms in pos to calculate the coordination of. (Default is all the atoms.)
Returns: 2-element tuple containing
- (np.ndarray) – Smeared coordination numbers.
- (np.ndarray) – Distances to closest neighbour.


A Tiring Day 😫😴
February 21, 2020
#tired #sleepy #grinddontstop #life
WARNING: This post is over a year old. Some of the information this contains may be outdated.
Today was a rather tiring day. I did not get to have much sleep last night, and it really affected my productivity at work.
I was supposed to go to Michigan Hackers' Hack Night event today, but when I came home, lazily cooked some cheap, healthy Philly Steak Hot Pocket, I just could not get up from the couch and watched two hours of Youtube. But those two hours were worth it. And now after a whole week of determining my options for setting up a blog, the cheapest option right now was with Netlify.
With Netlify, I learned about the whole programming JAMstack philosophy, where all the dependencies and stuff are all handled in the background for the developer and user, and it is a quick and simple 3 steps to deploy any project. It has really helped with my passion initiative with hosting our KUHacks Team Site, and also our team site.
Also, for KUHacks we just had an old A-section friend of mine apply to become part of the team! I cannot wait to interview him, his react skills are going to really help with our #creators committee.
You can join by the way if you're reading this ;)
The link is: kuhacks.netlify.com
Oh, and if it wasn't clear why I'm writing this blog, it's to really put m life in perspective and also challenge myself to have more fun days than whatever I have been doing before. Sadly, life is too short, and unless life can be prolonged in some virtual world, or we end aging, this is the reality we have to accept.
None of that existential stuff is needed right now though, I should head to sleep before this tiring cycle continues.
peace out, peace for all✌


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2012 FOOD VENDOR APPLICATION - Festival of the Arts
Brownsburg, Indiana. 2012 FOOD VENDOR REGISTRATION FORM. With its long standing tradition in the Town of Brownsburg, the Festival of the arts features .
http://www.brownsburgfota.com/FOTAFoodForm.pdf
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food vendor application - European Festival
Clean-up and Clean-up Deposit: Food Vendors must submit a $100.00 . State Sale Tax License valid for Temporary Events in Douglas County in effect . Additional Food Vendor Requirements: By submission of this application you are .
http://www.eurofestival.us/pdf-forms/food-appl.pdf
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Hamilton County, Indiana / Temporary Food Permit & Event ...
The food service application is available on the county website. All temporary food vendors must have a certified food handler, unless exempted by food type per .
http://www.hamiltoncounty.in.gov/topic/subtopic.php?topicid=491&structureid=17
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2012 Salem Saturday Market Application Processed and On-Site ...
Processed and On-Site Food Vendor Application . licenses from the county in which you process, all current County Health Department Food Handler. Permits .
http://www.salemsaturdaymarket.com/wp-content/uploads/(N)%20ProceesedOn-Site%20Application-fillable.pdf
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Food Vendors Information: » spacecoastseafoodfestival.com
After food booth applications are accepted, all vendors are required to have a certificate of insurance with a minimum of $500,000 general liability coverage and .
http://spacecoastseafoodfestival.com/food-vendors-information/
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2828 S 9th St
Selling at the Farmers' Market
The third group of vendors is the Prepared Food Vendors, with 10 spaces . Farm vendors selected and approved to sell at Market must reside in Indiana and . The application fee does not apply if all vendors on the contract are 16 years of .
http://bloomington.in.gov/documents/viewDocument.php?document_id=6117
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202 S 6th St
Temporary Food Establishment Organizer Application
In addition to this organizer application, a separate Food Vendor Application must be submitted by each food service vendor participating in the event or .
http://charmeck.org/mecklenburg/county/HealthDepartment/EnvironmentalHealth/Forms-Applications/Documents/TFEOrganizerApplicationU.pdf
428 E Almar Dr
Celebrate Frederick - Be a Food Vendor
FOOD VENDOR APPLICATION & SELECTION PROCESS. Via Mail - Applications will be mailed end of April. If you have not participated in IN THE STREET .
http://www.celebratefrederick.com/Events/Index.aspx?page=107
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VENDOR APPLICATION FOR TEMPORARY FOOD EVENTS
VENDOR APPLICATION FOR TEMPORARY FOOD EVENTS . Please list any additional events and dates that you plan on participating in (County Name) .
http://www.co.larimer.co.us/food/food_vendor_application.pdf
Food Vendor to Complete this information: Food Vendor Application ...
Services office a completed Temporary Food Facility Application, and the appropriate fee for the issuance of . At the event, the vendors are encouraged to complete the Self-Inspection Checklist contained . 510059 AppTFFMkt-Annual. ind d .
http://www.iechocolatefestival.com/SBCountyHealthPermit.pdf
Get a Street Vendor A License - Food
Currently, we are only authorized to issue licenses for Mobile Food Trucks. . You get all the necessary forms and submit your application online at the Business . the DC Metropolitan Police Department (MPD) at 300 Indiana Ave NW #3055.
http://dc.gov/DC/DCRA/For+Business/Apply+for+a+Business+License/Retail+Food+License+Information/Get+a+Street+Vendor+A+License+-+Food
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CURLOPT_PRE_PROXY explained
NAME
CURLOPT_PRE_PROXY - set pre-proxy to use
SYNOPSIS
#include <curl/curl.h>
CURLcode curl_easy_setopt(CURL *handle, CURLOPT_PRE_PROXY, char *preproxy);
DESCRIPTION
Set the preproxy to use for the upcoming request. The parameter should be a char * to a zero terminated string holding the host name or dotted numerical IP address. A numerical IPv6 address must be written within [brackets].
To specify port number in this string, append :[port] to the end of the host name. The proxy's port number may optionally be specified with the separate option CURLOPT_PROXYPORT. If not specified, libcurl will default to using port 1080 for proxies.
A pre proxy is a SOCKS proxy that curl connects to before it connects to the HTTP(S) proxy specified in the CURLOPT_PROXY option. The pre proxy can only be a SOCKS proxy.
The pre proxy string should be prefixed with [scheme]:// to specify which kind of socks is used. Use socks4://, socks4a://, socks5:// or socks5h:// (the last one to enable socks5 and asking the proxy to do the resolving, also known as CURLPROXY_SOCKS5_HOSTNAME type) to request the specific SOCKS version to be used. Otherwise SOCKS4 is used as default.
Setting the pre proxy string to "" (an empty string) will explicitly disable the use of a pre proxy.
The application does not have to keep the string around after setting this option.
DEFAULT
Default is NULL, meaning no pre proxy is used.
When you set a host name to use, do not assume that there's any particular single port number used widely for proxies. Specify it!
PROTOCOLS
All except file://. Note that some protocols don't do very well over proxy.
EXAMPLE
CURL *curl = curl_easy_init(); if(curl) { curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, "http://example.com/file.txt"); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_PREPROXY, "socks4://socks-proxy:1080"); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_PROXY, "http://proxy:80"); curl_easy_perform(curl); }
AVAILABILITY
RETURN VALUE
Returns CURLE_OK if proxies are supported, CURLE_UNKNOWN_OPTION if not, or CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY if there was insufficient heap space.
SEE ALSO
CURLOPT_PROXY, CURLOPT_HTTPPROXYTUNNEL
This HTML page was made with roffit.


Dozens scammed by luxury watch hoax supposedly endorsed by Dr Mahathir
- Advertisement -
Petaling Jaya—Scams using the names of world leaders to seemingly endorse a product or service are not unusual in this day and age, and Malaysian Prime Minister Dr Tun Mahathir Mohamad is no exception.
A luxury watch bearing the engraved signature of Dr Mahathir was discovered to be a hoax, after dozens of people had already ordered the timepieces and had even paid for them.
The Prime Minister himself found out about the scam. An aide to Dr Mahathir told The Star, “As soon as we got to know of it, it was stopped immediately,” adding that the Prime Minister had not ever endorsed a watch bearing his signature for selling to civil servants.
More than two weeks before the news broke, the Star had seen a brochure advertising the luxury watch that supposedly had the Prime Minister’s “prominent” signature engraved on it. It had an attached order form for the “exclusive timepiece (limited edition).”
- Advertisement -
The brochure was reportedly passed around to civil servants in a number of different departments in Putrajaya.
However, when The Star contacted the people behind the product, who claimed to be a civil servants’ sports club, the paper was told that orders for the watch had stopped being taken.
The Star reports that the person whose name is listed on the pamphlet as the contact person told them, “We have stopped it because of technical reasons. We now have to return the money to those who made the orders.
We have many who ordered but do not worry, we will have another watch on offer in the near future.”
Oddly enough, the telephone number listed on the brochure is the same number as that of the Prime Minister’s Office.
According to The Star’s sources, production on the watch was stopped at once since Dr Mahathir did not wish for his name to be used for commercial profits and that he was “very angry” about the matter.
The Malaysian office of Swiss watch luxury brand Maurice Lacroix told the media outfit that a luxury watch gallery had used the brochure they had seen advertising Dr Mahathir’s supposedly endorsed watch to make informal inquiries about prices for luxury watches, asking that the matter “should be kept private and confidential.”
The luxury brand was asked how much a watch that bore an engraved signature would cost. The answer is between RM3,000 to RM4,000, (about S$982 to $1,309), half the price quoted on the brochure.
The brochure reads, “Time, a dedication.
This limited edition timepiece is inspired by Tun’s astounding dedication and perseverance in achieving his enduring vision. Truly an epitome of his premiership.
Time, an inspiration.
Its exquisite interpretation of technical prowess and sleek design reflects the perpetual aspirations for greatness, transcending hope and dreams, prevailing all possibilities.
Time, exclusively yours
Crafted with exceptional precision and elegance, each timepiece is engraved with Tun’s prominent signature—a perquisite value to its ownership.” -/TISG
Read also: Mahathir’s ruling party crushed in by-election in Johor
- Advertisement -


PLAY IT TO THE BONE
Reviewed by Harvey Karten Touchstone Pictures Director: Ron Shelton Writer: Ron Shelton Cast: Woody Harrelson, Antonio Banderas, Lolita Davidovich Tom Sizemore, Lucy Alexis Liu, Robert Wagner
More people are seriously injured each year on the football field than in the boxing ring, yet some people who are ardent fans of pigskin pugilism point moral thumbs down at the roped-off slugfest. This is not irrational. The aim of the defensive guard is to block the opponent from galloping freely across the gridiron. The objective of the prizefighter is to hurt his opponent. Moral misgivings may be justified in the latter case but the case for banning football is not at all strong.
You don't want to hurt your friends, though, do you? How, then, can you expect two people who are bosom buddies to confront each other inside the ropes other than for some friendly sparring? This is the question that writer-director Ron Shelton wants you to keep in the back of your mind as you watch his "Play It to the Bone," a picture that's so crackling with energy that you sometimes take your mind off its repetitive, underwritten screenplay. "Bone" is about two over- the-hill prizefighters enjoying their final fifteen minutes of fame under the bright lights of a Las Vegas stadium. As you watch the Madrid-born fighter, Cesar Dominguez (Antonio Banderas) riding across the Nevada sands with his sparring partner Vince Boudreau (Woody Harrelson), one thought must remain in your mind. How can these two guys, scheduled to fight each other for real, ever manage to pull their punches and yet avoid giving the crowd the notion that the match is fixed? The big surprise will be that they not only go after each other like a mongoose for a snake but turn in a struggle ferocious enough to bring the house down. Much of the movie's 124-minute play time is devoted to convincing the audience that the two chums in this road-and-buddy film share enough resentment to guarantee a bruising brawl.
The call back to arms for the two tusslers comes when hours before a preliminary middleweight bout, one contender dies in a car crash while the other ODs. Corrupt promoter Joe Domino (Tom Sizemore) and his partner Artie (Richard Masur) call up Dominguez and Boudreau at their Los Angeles gym, promising them a quick $100,000 to share plus a guaranteed title bout for the winner if they can make it to Vegas that very day to allow the show to go on. To save money, Boudreau and Dominguez do not fly to Vegas but instead call upon a woman with whom each had once enjoyed an affair, Grace Pasic (Lolita Davidovich). The first part of the movie deals with the road adventure that the threesome undertake; the second handles their actual fight and its aftermath.
Woody Harrelson parlays his fine performance in "Sunchaser" into a role that suits his talents and shows convincing chemistry with his co-star, Antonio Banderas, as they take on the long, scenic route from L.A. to Vegas in Grace's bright green, open-top car. Harrelson, however, is burdened with a discouraging character eccentricity. He is allegedly a religious person who occasionally skims passages from the Bible in the back seat and in several scenes has visions of Jesus--who in one situation saves him from remaining on the mat for the 10-count. Yet he--as well as virtually the entire contingent of performers--spout four-letter words incessantly and in one bizarre, unbelievable situation, Harrelson's character engages in a sexual marathon behind a gas station with a mixed-up druggie, Lia (Lucy Liu).
Davidovich is the movie's scene-stealer, looking dazzling in the final portion as she strips off her driving clothes to fit into a revealing outfit recalling her role ten years ago as Huey Long's Baltimore stripper Blaze Starr. Sporting a temper of her own to match that of the two testosterone-addled road companions, she restrains her former boyfriends from coming to blows hours before the bout while ironically egging each on from her ringside seat at the stadium. In the side roles, Tom Sizemore evokes considerable laughs as the promoter who knows how to play his chess pieces against one another.
Rated R. Running Time: 124 minutes. (C) 2000 Harvey Karten<EMAIL_ADDRESS>The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


| SQL Statement | Syntax |
|---|---|
| AND / OR | SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE condition AND|OR condition |
| ALTER TABLE | ALTER TABLE table_name ADD column_name datatype or ALTER TABLE table_name |
| AS (alias) | SELECT column_name AS column_alias FROM table_name or SELECT column_name |
| BETWEEN | SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE column_name BETWEEN value1 AND value2 |
| CREATE DATABASE | CREATE DATABASE database_name |
| CREATE TABLE | CREATE TABLE table_name ( column_name1 data_type, column_name2 data_type, column_name3 data_type, ... ) |
| CREATE INDEX | CREATE INDEX index_name ON table_name (column_name) or CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name |
| CREATE VIEW | CREATE VIEW view_name AS SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE condition |
| DELETE | DELETE FROM table_name WHERE some_column=some_value or DELETE FROM table_name DELETE * FROM table_name |
| DROP DATABASE | DROP DATABASE database_name |
| DROP INDEX | DROP INDEX table_name.index_name (SQL
Server) DROP INDEX index_name ON table_name (MS Access) DROP INDEX index_name (DB2/Oracle) ALTER TABLE table_name DROP INDEX index_name (MySQL) |
| DROP TABLE | DROP TABLE table_name |
| EXISTS | IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE id = ?)  WHERE some_column=some_value |
| WHERE | SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE column_name operator value |


Quick note about CSS animation.
CSS Animation
CSS3 animation lets an element gradually change from one style to another.
Two steps:
- Use
@keyframes
to define an animation. - Set this animation on an element with animation properties
We could set properties one-by-one or with following shorthand:
@keyframes
It defines what the animation looks like at each stage of the animation timeline. It is composed of:
- Name of the animation. For example, changeColor.
- Stages: From 0% to 100% to represent the whole process of animation
- CSS Properties: The CSS properties defined for each stage of the animation timeline.
Following example creates an animation called changeColor
and assign it to div:hover
:
In above example, we could also use
from
to represent0%
andto
to represent100%
Animation Properties
It has following properties:
- animation-name
- animation-duration
- animation-timing-function
- animation-delay
- animation-iteration-count
- animation-direction
- animation-fill-mode
- animation-play-state
animation-name
The name of the animation, defined in the @keyframes.
animation-duration
The duration of the animation, in seconds (e.g., 5s) or milliseconds (e.g., 200ms).
animation-timing-function
The speed curve or pace of the animation:
| Timing Function | Description |
|---|---|
| linear | The animation has the same speed from start to end |
| ease | Default value. The animation has a slow start, then fast, before it ends slowly. |
| ease-in | Start slowly and end fast. |
| ease-out | Start more quickly than linear ones and end slowly. The opposite of ease-in. |
| ease-in-out | Both a slow start and a slow end |
| initial | Sets this property to its default value. So ease . |
| inherit | Inherits this property from its parent element. |
Check The basics of easing for details.
animation-delay
It specifies when the animation will start. The value is defined in seconds (s) or milliseconds (mil).
animation-iteration-count
It specifies the number of times that the animation will play. The possible values are:
- a specific number of iterations (default is 1)
infinite
- repeats foreverinitial
inherit
animation-direction
It specifies whether the animation should play forward, reverse, or in alternate cycles.
-
normal
- Default. On each cycle the animation resets to the beginning state (0%) and plays forward again (to 100%). -
reverse
- On each cycle the animation resets to the end state (100%) and plays backwards (to 0%). -
alternate
- On each odd cycle, the animation plays forward (0% to 100%). On each even cycle, the animation plays backwards (100% to 0%). -
alternate-reverse
- On each odd cycle, the animation plays in reverse (100% to 0%). On each even cycle, the animation plays forward (0% or 100%).
animation-fill-mode
It specifies if the animation styles are visible before or after the animation plays.
-
normal
- Default. The animation does not apply any styles to the element, before or after the animation. -
forwards
- After the animation is finished, the styles defined in the final keyframe (100%) are retained by the element. -
backwards
- Before the animation (during the animation delay), the styles of the initial keyframe (0%) are applied to the element. -
both
-forwards
withbackwards
.
animation-play-state
Two values: running
and paused
.
It specifies whether the animation is playing
or paused
. Resuming a paused animation starts the animation where it was left off. But if pause an animation, the element style will return back to its origin.
Example:
Multiple Animations
Add multiple animations to a selector with comma:


Randomized clinical trials commonly follow participants for a time-to-event efficacy endpoint for a fixed period of time. Consequently, at the time when the last enrolled participant completes their follow-up, the number of observed endpoints is a random variable. Assuming data collected through an interim timepoint, simulation-based estimation and inferential procedures in the standard right-censored failure time analysis framework are conducted for the distribution of the number of endpoints–in total as well as by treatment arm–at the end of the follow-up period. The future (i.e., yet unobserved) enrollment, endpoint, and dropout times are generated according to mechanisms specified in the simTrial() function in the 'seqDesign' package. A Bayesian model for the endpoint rate, offering the option to specify a robust mixture prior distribution, is used for generating future data (see the vignette for details).
| Version: | 0.2 |
| Imports: | graphics, stats, utils |
| Suggests: | knitr, rmarkdown |
| Published: | 2017-11-22 |
| Author: | Yingying Zhuang and Michal Juraska, with contributions from Doug Grove, Peter B. Gilbert, Alexander R. Luedtke, Sanne Roels, and An Vandebosch |
| Maintainer: | Michal Juraska <mjuraska at fredhutch.org> |
| License: | GPL-2 |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| CRAN checks: | futility results |
| Reference manual: | futility.pdf |
| Vignettes: |
Bayesian Model for Incidence Rate |
| Package source: | futility_0.2.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: futility_0.2.zip, r-release: futility_0.2.zip, r-oldrel: futility_0.2.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: futility_0.2.tgz, r-oldrel: futility_0.2.tgz |
| Old sources: | futility archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=futility to link to this page.


UGWA now uses a different, less intrusive announcement system; it should update shortly.
(this was added in version Tue Oct 08 2019)


--- layout: archive title: Zulip Chat Archive permalink: /stream/113488-general/topic/a.20or.20b.20or.20c.20or.20d.html ---
If I have a or b or c or d
, can I split into four goals in one go?
rcases [identifier] with H | H | H | H
I can't interpret "split into four goals". If it's a hypothesis then you get four hypotheses. If it's a goal then you get one goal.
Alternatively, casesm* [_ ∨ _]
also helps.
Thanks
there is no brackets in rcases
[identifier]
is a placeholder
hm, it's hard to tell the difference between meta notation and lean notation... we need more brackets
rcases ⟅identifier⟆ with H | H | H | H
On a similar note, if you want to prove ∃ a b c, ...
is there a way to do something like existsi a b c
? I triedrepeat {constructor}
for fun, and I was surprised to see lean perfectly guess what a, b and c were.
Also, when I used constructor,
three times, lean did not guess them.
you could also do existsi [a,b,c]
if you want to specify the witnesses yourself.
Ah thank you, I had not tried those brackets. Is there a rule to know which type is used where?
Which types do you mean?
which type of bracket?
I guess you can look at the documentation for the tactic...
(by hovering over it)
brackets are syntax, so I don‘t think they can have _types_, nor kinds, nor sorts ... must be varieties, I guess? ;)
we’re going to run out of variants of words soon to describe these things
{% endraw %}Last updated: Apr 24 2020 at 19:02 UTC


| isConnectionValid {parallelly} | R Documentation |
Get a unique identifier for an R connection and check whether or not the connection is still valid.
isConnectionValid(con) connectionId(con)
con |
A connection. |
isConnectionValid()
returns TRUE if the connection is still valid,
otherwise FALSE. If FALSE, then character attribute reason
provides
an explanation why the connection is not valid.
connectionId()
returns an non-negative integer, -1, or NA_integer_
.
For connections stdin, stdout, and stderr, 0, 1, and 2, are returned,
respectively. For all other connections, an integer greater or equal to
3 based on the connection's internal pointer is returned.
A connection that has been serialized, which is no longer valid, has
identifier -1.
Attribute raw_id
returns the pointer string from which the above is
inferred.
R represents connections as indices using plain
integers, e.g. idx <- as.integer(con)
.
The three connections standard input ("stdin"), standard output ("stdout"),
and standard error ("stderr") always exists and have indices 0, 1, and 2.
Any connection opened beyond these will get index three or greater,
depending on availability as given by base::showConnections()
.
To get the connection with a given index, use base::getConnection()
.
Unfortunately, this index representation of connections is non-robust,
e.g. there are cases where two or more 'connection' objects can end up with
the same index and if used, the written output may end up at the wrong
destination and files and database might get corrupted. This can for
instance happen if base::closeAllConnections()
is used (*).
In contrast, id <- connectionId(con)
gives an identifier that is unique
to that 'connection' object. This identifier is based on the internal
pointer address of the object. The risk for two connections in the same
R session to end up with the same pointer address is very small.
Thus, in case we ended up in a situation where two connections con1
and
con2
share the same index - as.integer(con1) == as.integer(con2)
-
they will never share the same identifier -
connectionId(con1) != connectionId(con2)
.
Here, isConnectionValid()
can be used to check which one of these
connections, if any, are valid.
(*) Note that there is no good reason for calling closeAllConnections()
If called, there is a great risk that the files get corrupted etc.
See (1) for examples and details on this problem.
If you think there is a need to use it, it is much safer to restart R
because that is guaranteed to give you a working R session with
non-clashing connections.
It might also be that closeAllConnections()
is used because
base::sys.save.image()
is called, which might happen if R is being
forced to terminate.
A 'connection' cannot be serialized, e.g. it cannot be saved to file to
be read and used in another R session. If attempted, the connection will
not be valid. This is a problem that may occur in parallel processing
when passing an R object to parallel worker for further processing, e.g.
the exported object may hold an internal database connection which will
no longer be valid on the worker.
When a connection is serialized, its internal pointer address will be
invalidated (set to nil). In such cases, connectionId(con)
returns -1
and isConnectionValid(con)
returns FALSE.
'BUG: A connection
object may become corrupt and re-referenced to another connection (PATCH)', 2018-10-30.
R-devel thread PATCH: Asserting that 'connection' used has not changed + R_GetConnection2(), 2018-10-31.
See base::showConnections()
for currently open connections and their
indices. To get a connection by its index, use base::getConnection()
.
## R represents connections as plain indices as.integer(stdin()) ## int 0 as.integer(stdout()) ## int 1 as.integer(stderr()) ## int 2 ## The first three connections always exist and are always valid isConnectionValid(stdin()) ## TRUE connectionId(stdin()) ## 0L isConnectionValid(stdout()) ## TRUE connectionId(stdout()) ## 1L isConnectionValid(stderr()) ## TRUE connectionId(stderr()) ## 2L ## Connections cannot be serialized con <- file(tempfile(), open = "w") x <- list(value = 42, stderr = stderr(), con = con) y <- unserialize(serialize(x, connection = NULL)) isConnectionValid(y$stderr) ## TRUE connectionId(y$stderr) ## 2L isConnectionValid(y$con) ## FALSE with attribute 'reason' connectionId(y$con) ## -1L close(con)


|
Robot
The embedded systems for UTRA's autonomous humanoid soccer-playing robot
|
Helper functions for StartTxTask() More...
Functions | |
| void | shiftNotificationMask (void) |
| Shifts bits of NOTIFICATION_MASK. More... | |
| void | copySensorDataToSend (void) |
| Validates and copies sensor data to transmit. More... | |
| void | transmitStatusFromPC (void) |
| Makes calls to the UART module responsible for PC communication atomic. More... | |
| void | waitForNotificationTX (void) |
| Waits until notified from ISR. More... | |
Helper functions for StartTxTask()
| void copySensorDataToSend | ( | void | ) |
Validates and copies sensor data to transmit.
This function receives two types of sensor data(motor and IMU) and updates to the according section of robotState.msg.
| None |
Definition at line 72 of file tx_helper.cpp.
| void shiftNotificationMask | ( | void | ) |
Shifts bits of NOTIFICATION_MASK.
| None |
Definition at line 59 of file tx_helper.cpp.
| void transmitStatusFromPC | ( | void | ) |
Makes calls to the UART module responsible for PC communication atomic.
This do-while loop with the mutex inside of it makes c This attempts to solve the following scenario: the TX thread is in the middle of executing the call to HAL_UART_Transmit when suddenly the RX thread is unblocked. The RX thread calls HAL_UART_Receive, and returns immediately when it detects that the uart module is already locked. Then the RX thread blocks itself and never wakes up since a RX transfer was never initialized.
| None |
Definition at line 123 of file tx_helper.cpp.
| void waitForNotificationTX | ( | void | ) |
Waits until notified from ISR.
Clear no bits on entry in case the notification came while a higher priority task was executing.
| None |
Definition at line 139 of file tx_helper.cpp.


1.Follow the rules or u will get blacklisted from using BOT.
2.No abuse.
3.No hacking.
4.No grifing.
5.No crahing.
6.Dont make fun of rules


Irish unity referendum supported by majority of those in the South
by Ian BrennanJust over half of people in the Republic of Ireland would support a referendum on Irish unity within the next five years, a poll has found.
The poll, which was conducted by Amarach research and Claire Byrne Live for TheJournal.ie concluded that 51% of the Irish population would welcome an Irish unity referendum within five years.
29% said they would not like to see the referendum whereas 20% replied to the poll as unsure. Over 1000 adults over the age of 18 took part in the research, conducted earlier in the week.
If a poll on the border between Northern Ireland and the South was to take place, those in the North would be asked if they wanted to remain part of the United Kingdom or form a United Ireland.
After that, and depending on the result, The Republic would then vote on the matter.
The Northern Ireland Secretary of State can initiate a border poll under the Good Friday Agreement where it is clear that the opinion of the public has swayed toward the island's unification.
According to the poll, Munster was the province most in favour of the referendum on Irish unity, with 62% saying they would like to see on in the next five years.
Leinster, excluding Dublin, were 55% in favour of the referendum while both Connacht and Ulster were 47% in favour. Dublin people were only 40% in favour of the referendum.
When it comes to the age demographics of the poll, those between 18-24 were heavily in favour of a referendum, with 70% replying on favour and only 9% saying they were against the idea.
Those aged 45-54 and 55+ were the least in favour of a unity referendum, with only 43% support.
The Taoiseach, Leo Varadkar, spoke last month of his desire to see a united Ireland within his lifetime, saying: "I would, but only in accordance with the Good Friday Agreement, so that's only with the consent of the majority of people in Northern Ireland.
"That's really important stuff and nobody should be forced into anything they don't want," he said.
"And also, I think, if we ever get to that point, we need to make sure that unionists in Northern Ireland and British people in Northern Ireland feel that a united Ireland is a warm place for them.
"We don't want to have a repeat of what happened 100 years ago when a minority was left behind."


Habitat
He lives in forests and fields, preferring to settle inside burrows he dug with his own hands.


New OsmAnd release is ready an will be launched soon. Fuller POI information, restructured downloads and a brand-new UI are some of the main things to see. Get the update now!
You can choose what you would like to see when the application starts: the usual dashboard screen or the map screen with the drawer menu button on the left. To choose, just go to the dashboard, tap Configure dashboard button in the right upper corner and move Show on start switch to change this setting. If you a new OsmAnd user, you'll get the Drawer menu by default. Otherwise, you'l see the dashboard as your default starting screen.
OsmAnd has acquired a whole new context menu design that changes according to the content and the type of location you're working with. Now POI, Favorites and other types of locations get corresponding context menus to help you operate the app much easier. Also, you can now just tap on a region you need to download the map. This way, you'll get the map sections that you need much faster. More to come, you can enjoy amazing pull-up menus and a whole new Create POI interface.
Now you can enter the name of the country and see all maps available for this particular location: the Standard map, Hillshade, Wikipedia data, Contour lines map and Roads-only map. This way, you'll see Wikipedia files as soon as you enter the country name. Besides that, the Wikipedia data has gotten fuller.
You can now search for POI more effectively thanks to numerous additional POI categories including the places of worship with the information about the religion they belong to and other parameters. POI now have a lot more information useful for a traveller.
You can build a route with all your waypoints or select to go right to the destination point. To do it, just tap the destination, and then press the blue navigation button.
See new improvements in the POI editing section. You can now edit the points of interest you've created before committing them to the server. Also, the whole new Edit POI menu interface will help you add new points rapidly and manage them. Just don't forget to turn OSM Editing plugin on.


Plot spike data in a raster plot.
Plot spike times as a raster plot where the horizontal axis is time and the rows of the vertical axis are spike trains of individual neurons. This sets and holds many variables for plotting such that the user can simply set the parameters once and then redraw the spikes or scale and zoom to navigate spike data.
EXAMPLE:
This simple example generates some random “spikes” and displays them.
import numpy
from neuronpy.graphics import spikeplot
spikes = []
num_cells = 10
num_spikes_per_cell = 20
frequency = 20
# Make the spike data. Use a simple Poisson-like spike generator
# (just for illustrative purposes here. Better spike generators should
# be used in simulations).
for i in range(num_cells):
isi=numpy.random.poisson(frequency, num_spikes_per_cell)
spikes.append(numpy.cumsum(isi))
# spikes is now a list of lists where each cell has a list of spike
# times. Now, let's plot these spikes.
sp = spikeplot.SpikePlot(savefig=True)
sp.plot_spikes(spikes)
AUTHORS:
THOMAS MCTAVISH (2010-03-01): initial version, 0.1
spikesums to coexist better.
Manager for the spike raster axes as well as the axes manager for SpikeTimeHistogram, and SpikeSum subplots. Additionally, the line formatting parameters in SpikeParams funnel through this object. In fact, it may be rare to access those classes directly and instead use the methods in this class
Plots are drawn iteratively in that the user specifies the drawing parameters for a set of spikes before telling the SpikePlot object to plot any spikes. Therefore, when plotting multiple sets of spikes in the same plot, the paradigm is:
sp = SpikePlot()
sp.plot_spikes(some_spikes)
sp.set_<some_line_format_method>()
sp.set_<some_other_formatting_options>()
sp.plot_spikes(some_other_spikes)
Indeed, the method to be most familiar with is plot_spikes().
If the spike data is not too large to fit into RAM and you want to navigate it, it is generally a good idea to specify the complete data to plot and then simply modify the view of the axes to zoom or translate the plot. This is detailed in update_xlim().
Parameters can be set during instanciation of a SpikePlot object by passing in various <parameter>=<value> pairs or through accessor methods, get_<parameter>() and set_<parameter>(). As <parameter>=<value> pairs, they use the kwargs (short for keyword arguments) parameter on instanciation. Below is a summary of keyword parameters, which are more detailed in the corresponding set_<parameter>() method. Some lesser-used parameters have accessor methods, but are not available as keyword parameters.
Summary of SpikePlot keyword parameters:
| Parameter | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|
| fig | The Figure handle. | None |
| fig_name | Name of figure, if saved as a file. | 'spikeplot.png' |
| figsize | Size of the figure, in inches. | (8, 6) |
| marker | Tick marks style. | '|' |
| markercolor | Line and marker color. | 'black' |
| markeredgewidth | Line and edge width of tick marks. | 0.75 |
| markerscale | Tick mark row height. | 1.0 |
| savefig | Flag to save a figure to a file when drawing. | False |
| sth_ratio | SpikeTimeHistogram axes height. | 0 |
| sum_ratio | SpikeSum Histogram axes width. | 0 |
Returns the amount of padding between the raster axes and the spike time histogram and/or spike sum axes if they are drawn.
Returns the amount of padding in terms of the data width to draw a full-screen image. The data width is the last spike in the data minus the first spike in the data. The pad ensures that the first and last spike will appear in the figure and not be blocked by the vertical axis.
Returns the name of the file that will be written when plotted with the savefig variable set to True.
Returns the size of the tick mark edge. In the case of a vertical bar, this is the linewidth of that bar.
Plot the spikes. This sets or appends the spike data to be drawn. If a single snapshot is needed, simply pass in the desired spikes to plot. If, however, the plot is to be interactive, it is best to send the full range of spikes and then zoom and translate by modifying the axes via the update_xlim() method.
| Parameters: |
|
|---|
Set the amount of padding between the spike axes and the spike time histogram and cumulative spike plot if they are shown.
| Parameters: | pad (float; default 0.01) – amount to pad. This value is in figure coordinates and needs to be between 0 and 1, and probably very close to 0. A value of 0 means that the axes touch each other. |
|---|
Set the amount of padding in terms of the data width to draw a full-screen image. The data width is the last spike in the data minus the first spike in the data. The pad ensures that the first and last spike will appear in the figure and not be blocked by the vertical axis.
| Parameters: | pad (float; default 0.025) – amount to pad. The default value of 0.025 means that the maximum x-axis dimensions will be (first_spike - 0.025*data_width, last_spike + 0.025*data_width). |
|---|
Set the figure handle.
| Parameters: | fig – the figure handle. If this is not None, then this also instantiates the ax axes by either creating one if it does not already exist in the figure, or by assigning the first axes object. If None, then the figure handle and the axes handle are both set to None. |
|---|
Sets the name of the output figure.
| Parameters: | fig_name (str; default “spikeplot.png”) – the output file name. |
|---|
Note
The extension should be included with the name and should be a valid graphics format supported by the backend drawing system. This is not checked for, but most graphics formats include png, pdf, ps, eps and svg.
Set the figure size in inches.
| Parameters: | figsize (tuple; default None) – a tuple specified as (width, height). If None, then it will use the Matplotlib default for a figure size when creating a new figure. |
|---|
Sets the horizontal line style. Valid styles are defined by Matplotlib.lines.Line2D linestyle.
Sets the width of the horizontal line for each cell, if the linestyle is not ‘None’.
| Parameters: | linewidth (float; default 0.75) – the width of the line. |
|---|
Sets the tick mark symbol. Valid markers are defined by Matplotlib.lines.Line2D markers.
Set the marker color.
| Parameters: | color – Any Matplotlib color. |
|---|
Note
Any subsequent drawing will keep this color, so call get_markercolor() if you want to restore drawing.
Sets the edge thickness of the tick mark.
| Parameters: | markeredgewidth (float; default 0.75) – the thickness of the marker. |
|---|
Sets the scale of the tick marks between rows.
| Parameters: | markerscale – the relative marker size between rows. A value of 1 means that the tick mark, if the marker is |, will make it so that each row just touches. Smaller values will make the marker size smaller and larger values will cause the markers to bleed across rows. |
|---|
Sets (or resets) the raster axes to the axes handle passed in. This may be necessary when resizing the image or axes so that the markers can be resized to scale with the image.
Set the flag to save a figure after drawing. The name of the file is defined by the fig_name variable.
| Parameters: | savefig – is a boolean to specify whether to save the plotted figure to a file. By default this is False. When set to True, the file specified by the fig_name member variable is written. |
|---|
Note
Since the interactive reference running on the NEURON SAGE server draws graphics by importing images into the web page. Many examples set savefig to True during instanciation for proper functionality with that guide.
Set the ratio of the spike time histogram axes to the figure.
| Parameters: | sth_ratio (float; default is zero.) – is the vertical amount between [0,1] in figure space to draw a spike time histogram. A value of zero means that the spike time histogram axes is not drawn. A value of 0.5 means that the figure will split vertically in half the spike raster and the histogram. A value of 1.0 means that the spike raster is not drawn but the histogram takes up the whole space. |
|---|
Set the ratio of the spike sum histogram axes to the figure.
| Parameters: | sum_ratio (float; default is zero.) – is the horizontal amount between [0,1] in figure space to draw a spike time histogram. A value of zero means that the spike time histogram axes is not drawn. A value of 0.5 means that the figure will split vertically in half the spike raster and the histogram. A value of 1.0 means that the spike raster is not drawn but the histogram takes up the whole space. |
|---|


Highlights in Rails 4.2:
These release notes cover only the major changes. To learn about other features, bug fixes, and changes, please refer to the changelogs or check out the list of commits in the main Rails repository on GitHub.
If you’re upgrading an existing application, it’s a great idea to have good test coverage before going in. You should also first upgrade to Rails 4.1 in case you haven’t and make sure your application still runs as expected before attempting to upgrade to Rails 4.2. A list of things to watch out for when upgrading is available in the guide Upgrading Ruby on Rails.
Active Job is a new framework in Rails 4.2. It is a common interface on top of queuing systems like Resque, Delayed Job, Sidekiq, and more.
Jobs written with the Active Job API run on any of the supported queues thanks to their respective adapters. Active Job comes pre-configured with an inline runner that executes jobs right away.
Jobs often need to take Active Record objects as arguments. Active Job passes object references as URIs (uniform resource identifiers) instead of marshaling the object itself. The new Global ID library builds URIs and looks up the objects they reference. Passing Active Record objects as job arguments just works by using Global ID internally.
For example, if trashable
is an Active Record object, then this job runs
just fine with no serialization involved:
class TrashableCleanupJob < ActiveJob::Base def perform(trashable, depth) trashable.cleanup(depth) end end
See the Active Job Basics guide for more information.
Building on top of Active Job, Action Mailer now comes with a deliver_later
method that sends emails via the queue, so it doesn’t block the controller or
model if the queue is asynchronous (the default inline queue blocks).
Sending emails right away is still possible with deliver_now
.
Adequate Record is a set of performance improvements in Active Record that makes
common find
and find_by
calls and some association queries up to 2x faster.
It works by caching common SQL queries as prepared statements and reusing them on similar calls, skipping most of the query-generation work on subsequent calls. For more details, please refer to Aaron Patterson’s blog post.
Active Record will automatically take advantage of this feature on supported operations without any user involvement or code changes. Here are some examples of supported operations:
Post.find(1) # First call generates and cache the prepared statement Post.find(2) # Subsequent calls reuse the cached prepared statement Post.find_by_title('first post') Post.find_by_title('second post') post.comments post.comments(true)
It’s important to highlight that, as the examples above suggest, the prepared statements do not cache the values passed in the method calls; rather, they have placeholders for them.
Caching is not used in the following scenarios:
find
with a list of ids, e.g.:
# not cached Post.find(1, 2, 3) Post.find([1,2])
find_by
with SQL fragments:
Post.find_by('published_at < ?', 2.weeks.ago)
New applications generated with Rails 4.2 now come with the Web
Console gem by default. Web Console adds
an interactive Ruby console on every error page and provides a console
view
and controller helpers.
The interactive console on error pages lets you execute code in the context of
the place where the exception originated. The console
helper, if called
anywhere in a view or controller, launches an interactive console with the final
context, once rendering has completed.
The migration DSL now supports adding and removing foreign keys. They are dumped
to schema.rb
as well. At this time, only the mysql
, mysql2
and postgresql
adapters support foreign keys.
# add a foreign key to `articles.author_id` referencing `authors.id` add_foreign_key :articles, :authors # add a foreign key to `articles.author_id` referencing `users.lng_id` add_foreign_key :articles, :users, column: :author_id, primary_key: "lng_id" # remove the foreign key on `accounts.branch_id` remove_foreign_key :accounts, :branches # remove the foreign key on `accounts.owner_id` remove_foreign_key :accounts, column: :owner_id
See the API documentation on add_foreign_key and remove_foreign_key for a full description.
Previously deprecated functionality has been removed. Please refer to the individual components for new deprecations in this release.
The following changes may require immediate action upon upgrade.
render
with a String ArgumentPreviously, calling render "foo/bar"
in a controller action was equivalent to
render file: "foo/bar"
. In Rails 4.2, this has been changed to mean
render template: "foo/bar"
instead. If you need to render a file, please
change your code to use the explicit form (render file: "foo/bar"
) instead.
respond_with
/ Class-Level respond_to
respond_with
and the corresponding class-level respond_to
have been moved
to the responders gem. Add
gem 'responders', '~> 2.0'
to your Gemfile to use it:
# app/controllers/users_controller.rb class UsersController < ApplicationController respond_to :html, :json def show @user = User.find(params[:id]) respond_with @user end end
Instance-level respond_to
is unaffected:
# app/controllers/users_controller.rb class UsersController < ApplicationController def show @user = User.find(params[:id]) respond_to do |format| format.html format.json { render json: @user } end end end
rails server
Due to a change in Rack,
rails server
now listens on localhost
instead of <IP_ADDRESS>
by default. This
should have minimal impact on the standard development workflow as both
http://<IP_ADDRESS>:3000 and http://localhost:3000 will continue to work as before
on your own machine.
However, with this change you will no longer be able to access the Rails
server from a different machine, for example if your development environment
is in a virtual machine and you would like to access it from the host machine.
In such cases, please start the server with rails server -b <IP_ADDRESS>
to
restore the old behavior.
If you do this, be sure to configure your firewall properly such that only trusted machines on your network can access your development server.
The HTML sanitizer has been replaced with a new, more robust, implementation built upon Loofah and Nokogiri. The new sanitizer is more secure and its sanitization is more powerful and flexible.
Due to the new algorithm, the sanitized output may be different for certain pathological inputs.
If you have a particular need for the exact output of the old sanitizer, you
can add the rails-deprecated_sanitizer
gem to the Gemfile
, to have the old behavior. The gem does not issue
deprecation warnings because it is opt-in.
rails-deprecated_sanitizer
will be supported for Rails 4.2 only; it will not
be maintained for Rails 5.0.
See this blog post for more details on the changes in the new sanitizer.
assert_select
assert_select
is now based on Nokogiri.
As a result, some previously-valid selectors are now unsupported. If your
application is using any of these spellings, you will need to update them:
Values in attribute selectors may need to be quoted if they contain non-alphanumeric characters.
# before
a[href=/]
a[href$=/]
# now
a[href="/"]
a[href$="/"]
DOMs built from HTML source containing invalid HTML with improperly nested elements may differ.
For example:
# content:

 # before: assert_select('div > i') # => true assert_select('div > p') # => false assert_select('i > p') # => true # now: assert_select('div > i') # => true assert_select('div > p') # => true assert_select('i > p') # => false
If the data selected contains entities, the value selected for comparison
used to be raw (e.g. AT&T
), and now is evaluated
(e.g. AT&T
).
# content:
AT&T
 # before: assert_select('p', 'AT&T') # => true assert_select('p', 'AT&T') # => false # now: assert_select('p', 'AT&T') # => true assert_select('p', 'AT&T') # => false
Please refer to the Changelog for detailed changes.
The --skip-action-view
option has been removed from the
app generator. (Pull Request)
The rails application
command has been removed without replacement.
(Pull Request)
Deprecated missing config.log_level
for production environments.
(Pull Request)
Deprecated rake test:all
in favor of rake test
as it now run all tests
in the test
folder.
(Pull Request)
Deprecated rake test:all:db
in favor of rake test:db
.
(Pull Request)
Deprecated Rails::Rack::LogTailer
without replacement.
(Commit)
Introduced web-console
in the default application Gemfile.
(Pull Request)
Added a required
option to the model generator for associations.
(Pull Request)
Introduced the x
namespace for defining custom configuration options:
# config/environments/production.rb config.x.payment_processing.schedule = :daily config.x.payment_processing.retries = 3 config.x.super_debugger = true
These options are then available through the configuration object:
Rails.configuration.x.payment_processing.schedule # => :daily Rails.configuration.x.payment_processing.retries # => 3 Rails.configuration.x.super_debugger # => true
(Commit)
Introduced Rails::Application.config_for
to load a configuration for the
current environment.
# config/exception_notification.yml: production: url: http://<IP_ADDRESS>:8080 namespace: my_app_production development: url: http://localhost:3001 namespace: my_app_development # config/production.rb Rails.application.configure do config.middleware.use ExceptionNotifier, config_for(:exception_notification) end
Introduced a --skip-turbolinks
option in the app generator to not generate
turbolinks integration.
(Commit)
Introduced a bin/setup
script as a convention for automated setup code when
bootstrapping an application.
(Pull Request)
Changed the default value for config.assets.digest
to true
in development.
(Pull Request)
Introduced an API to register new extensions for rake notes
.
(Pull Request)
Introduced an after_bundle
callback for use in Rails templates.
(Pull Request)
Introduced Rails.gem_version
as a convenience method to return
Gem::Version.new(Rails.version)
.
(Pull Request)
Please refer to the Changelog for detailed changes.
respond_with
and the class-level respond_to
have been removed from Rails and
moved to the responders
gem (version 2.0). Add gem 'responders', '~> 2.0'
to your Gemfile
to continue using these features.
(Pull Request,
More Details)
Removed deprecated AbstractController::Helpers::ClassMethods::MissingHelperError
in favor of AbstractController::Helpers::MissingHelperError
.
(Commit)
Deprecated the only_path
option on *_path
helpers.
(Commit)
Deprecated assert_tag
, assert_no_tag
, find_tag
and find_all_tag
in
favor of assert_select
.
(Commit)
Deprecated support for setting the :to
option of a router to a symbol or a
string that does not contain a “#” character:
get '/posts', to: MyRackApp => (No change necessary) get '/posts', to: 'post#index' => (No change necessary) get '/posts', to: 'posts' => get '/posts', controller: :posts get '/posts', to: :index => get '/posts', action: :index
(Commit)
Deprecated support for string keys in URL helpers:
# bad root_path('controller' => 'posts', 'action' => 'index') # good root_path(controller: 'posts', action: 'index')
The *_filter
family of methods have been removed from the documentation. Their
usage is discouraged in favor of the *_action
family of methods:
after_filter => after_action
append_after_filter => append_after_action
append_around_filter => append_around_action
append_before_filter => append_before_action
around_filter => around_action
before_filter => before_action
prepend_after_filter => prepend_after_action
prepend_around_filter => prepend_around_action
prepend_before_filter => prepend_before_action
skip_after_filter => skip_after_action
skip_around_filter => skip_around_action
skip_before_filter => skip_before_action
skip_filter => skip_action_callback
If your application currently depends on these methods, you should use the
replacement *_action
methods instead. These methods will be deprecated in
the future and will eventually be removed from Rails.
render nothing: true
or rendering a nil
body no longer add a single
space padding to the response body.
(Pull Request)
Rails now automatically includes the template’s digest in ETags. (Pull Request)
Segments that are passed into URL helpers are now automatically escaped. (Commit)
Introduced the always_permitted_parameters
option to configure which
parameters are permitted globally. The default value of this configuration
is ['controller', 'action']
.
(Pull Request)
Added the HTTP method MKCALENDAR
from RFC 4791.
(Pull Request)
*_fragment.action_controller
notifications now include the controller
and action name in the payload.
(Pull Request)
Improved the Routing Error page with fuzzy matching for route search. (Pull Request)
Added an option to disable logging of CSRF failures. (Pull Request)
When the Rails server is set to serve static assets, gzip assets will now be
served if the client supports it and a pre-generated gzip file (.gz
) is on disk.
By default the asset pipeline generates .gz
files for all compressible assets.
Serving gzip files minimizes data transfer and speeds up asset requests. Always
use a CDN if you are
serving assets from your Rails server in production.
(Pull Request)
When calling the process
helpers in an integration test the path needs to have
a leading slash. Previously you could omit it but that was a byproduct of the
implementation and not an intentional feature, e.g.:
test "list all posts" do get "/posts" assert_response :success end
Please refer to the Changelog for detailed changes.
Deprecated AbstractController::Base.parent_prefixes
.
Override AbstractController::Base.local_prefixes
when you want to change
where to find views.
(Pull Request)
Deprecated ActionView::Digestor#digest(name, format, finder, options = {})
.
Arguments should be passed as a hash instead.
(Pull Request)
render "foo/bar"
now expands to render template: "foo/bar"
instead of
render file: "foo/bar"
.
(Pull Request)
The form helpers no longer generate a

element with inline CSS around
the hidden fields.
(Pull Request)
Introduced a #{partial_name}_iteration
special local variable for use with
partials that are rendered with a collection. It provides access to the
current state of the iteration via the index
, size
, first?
and
last?
methods.
(Pull Request)
Placeholder I18n follows the same convention as label
I18n.
(Pull Request)
Please refer to the Changelog for detailed changes.
Deprecated *_path
helpers in mailers. Always use *_url
helpers instead.
(Pull Request)
Deprecated deliver
/ deliver!
in favor of deliver_now
/ deliver_now!
.
(Pull Request)
link_to
and url_for
generate absolute URLs by default in templates,
it is no longer needed to pass only_path: false
.
(Commit)
Introduced deliver_later
which enqueues a job on the application’s queue
to deliver emails asynchronously.
(Pull Request)
Added the show_previews
configuration option for enabling mailer previews
outside of the development environment.
(Pull Request)
Please refer to the Changelog for detailed changes.
Removed cache_attributes
and friends. All attributes are cached.
(Pull Request)
Removed deprecated method ActiveRecord::Base.quoted_locking_column
.
(Pull Request)
Removed deprecated ActiveRecord::Migrator.proper_table_name
. Use the
proper_table_name
instance method on ActiveRecord::Migration
instead.
(Pull Request)
Removed unused :timestamp
type. Transparently alias it to :datetime
in all cases. Fixes inconsistencies when column types are sent outside of
Active Record, such as for XML serialization.
(Pull Request)
Deprecated swallowing of errors inside after_commit
and after_rollback
.
(Pull Request)
Deprecated broken support for automatic detection of counter caches on
has_many :through
associations. You should instead manually specify the
counter cache on the has_many
and belongs_to
associations for the
through records.
(Pull Request)
Deprecated passing Active Record objects to .find
or .exists?
. Call
id
on the objects first.
(Commit 1,
2)
Deprecated half-baked support for PostgreSQL range values with excluding beginnings. We currently map PostgreSQL ranges to Ruby ranges. This conversion is not fully possible because Ruby ranges do not support excluded beginnings.
The current solution of incrementing the beginning is not correct
and is now deprecated. For subtypes where we don’t know how to increment
(e.g. succ
is not defined) it will raise an ArgumentError
for ranges
with excluding beginnings.
(Commit)
Deprecated calling DatabaseTasks.load_schema
without a connection. Use
DatabaseTasks.load_schema_current
instead.
(Commit)
Deprecated sanitize_sql_hash_for_conditions
without replacement. Using a
Relation
for performing queries and updates is the preferred API.
(Commit)
Deprecated add_timestamps
and t.timestamps
without passing the :null
option. The default of null: true
will change in Rails 5 to null: false
.
(Pull Request)
Deprecated Reflection#source_macro
without replacement as it is no longer
needed in Active Record.
(Pull Request)
Deprecated serialized_attributes
without replacement.
(Pull Request)
Deprecated returning nil
from column_for_attribute
when no column
exists. It will return a null object in Rails 5.0.
(Pull Request)
Deprecated using .joins
, .preload
and .eager_load
with associations
that depend on the instance state (i.e. those defined with a scope that
takes an argument) without replacement.
(Commit)
SchemaDumper
uses force: :cascade
on create_table
. This makes it
possible to reload a schema when foreign keys are in place.
Added a :required
option to singular associations, which defines a
presence validation on the association.
(Pull Request)
ActiveRecord::Dirty
now detects in-place changes to mutable values.
Serialized attributes on Active Record models are no longer saved when
unchanged. This also works with other types such as string columns and json
columns on PostgreSQL.
(Pull Requests 1,
2,
3)
Introduced the db:purge
Rake task to empty the database for the
current environment.
(Commit)
Introduced ActiveRecord::Base#validate!
that raises
ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid
if the record is invalid.
(Pull Request)
Introduced validate
as an alias for valid?
.
(Pull Request)
touch
now accepts multiple attributes to be touched at once.
(Pull Request)
The PostgreSQL adapter now supports the jsonb
datatype in PostgreSQL 9.4+.
(Pull Request)
The PostgreSQL and SQLite adapters no longer add a default limit of 255 characters on string columns. (Pull Request)
Added support for the citext
column type in the PostgreSQL adapter.
(Pull Request)
Added support for user-created range types in the PostgreSQL adapter. (Commit)
sqlite3:///some/path
now resolves to the absolute system path
/some/path
. For relative paths, use sqlite3:some/path
instead.
(Previously, sqlite3:///some/path
resolved to the relative path
some/path
. This behavior was deprecated on Rails 4.1).
(Pull Request)
Added support for fractional seconds for MySQL 5.6 and above. (Pull Request 1, 2)
Added ActiveRecord::Base#pretty_print
to pretty print models.
(Pull Request)
ActiveRecord::Base#reload
now behaves the same as m = Model.find(m.id)
,
meaning that it no longer retains the extra attributes from custom
SELECT
s.
(Pull Request)
ActiveRecord::Base#reflections
now returns a hash with string keys instead
of symbol keys. (Pull Request)
The references
method in migrations now supports a type
option for
specifying the type of the foreign key (e.g. :uuid
).
(Pull Request)
Please refer to the Changelog for detailed changes.
Validator#setup
without replacement.
(Pull Request)Deprecated reset_#{attribute}
in favor of restore_#{attribute}
.
(Pull Request)
Deprecated ActiveModel::Dirty#reset_changes
in favor of
clear_changes_information
.
(Pull Request)
Introduced validate
as an alias for valid?
.
(Pull Request)
Introduced the restore_attributes
method in ActiveModel::Dirty
to restore
the changed (dirty) attributes to their previous values.
(Pull Request 1,
2)
has_secure_password
no longer disallows blank passwords (i.e. passwords
that contains only spaces) by default.
(Pull Request)
has_secure_password
now verifies that the given password is less than 72
characters if validations are enabled.
(Pull Request)
Please refer to the Changelog for detailed changes.
Removed deprecated Numeric#ago
, Numeric#until
, Numeric#since
,
Numeric#from_now
.
(Commit)
Removed deprecated string based terminators for ActiveSupport::Callbacks
.
(Pull Request)
Deprecated Kernel#silence_stderr
, Kernel#capture
and Kernel#quietly
without replacement.
(Pull Request)
Deprecated Class#superclass_delegating_accessor
, use
Class#class_attribute
instead.
(Pull Request)
Deprecated ActiveSupport::SafeBuffer#prepend!
as
ActiveSupport::SafeBuffer#prepend
now performs the same function.
(Pull Request)
Introduced a new configuration option active_support.test_order
for
specifying the order test cases are executed. This option currently defaults
to :sorted
but will be changed to :random
in Rails 5.0.
(Commit)
Object#try
and Object#try!
can now be used without an explicit receiver in the block.
(Commit,
Pull Request)
The travel_to
test helper now truncates the usec
component to 0.
(Commit)
Introduced Object#itself
as an identity function.
(Commit 1,
2)
Object#with_options
can now be used without an explicit receiver in the block.
(Pull Request)
Introduced String#truncate_words
to truncate a string by a number of words.
(Pull Request)
Added Hash#transform_values
and Hash#transform_values!
to simplify a
common pattern where the values of a hash must change, but the keys are left
the same.
(Pull Request)
The humanize
inflector helper now strips any leading underscores.
(Commit)
Introduced Concern#class_methods
as an alternative to
module ClassMethods
, as well as Kernel#concern
to avoid the
module Foo; extend ActiveSupport::Concern; end
boilerplate.
(Commit)
New guide about constant autoloading and reloading.
See the full list of contributors to Rails for the many people who spent many hours making Rails the stable and robust framework it is today. Kudos to all of them.


Fade out elements before
they leave viewport
This slide moves background image at a slower speed then the page scroll. Text is fading out to opacity 0 at 106 pixels from the top.
Fade me in and out
Here we are changing the background color from blue to black. Text is fading in at 206 pixels from the bottom and fading out 106 pixels from the top.
Fixed element fading in and out
Text is fixed 206 pixels from the top, while the background is moving 40 pixels to the left.
Or did you think that the scooter is driving off?

The End
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