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moarchiving API Documentation
Module Index
moarchiving
-
This module contains, for the time being, a single MOO archive class.
moarchiving.__main__
-
Undocumented
moarchiving.moarchiving
-
This module contains, for the time being, a single MOO archive class.
moarchiving.test
-
Undocumented


Administrator's Dashboard
Welcome to the Administrator's dashboard. This dashboard provides system-level controls for user accounts, user groups, and roles and privileges.
{% if permissions.AddUsers or permissions.ModifyUsers or permissions.AssignRoles %}
{% endif %}
User Management
Use the following links to administer user accounts.
{% if permissions.AddUsers %}
New User
{% endif %}
{% if permissions.ModifyUsers or permissions.AssignRoles %}
User Accounts
{% endif %}
{% if permissions.ManageGroups %}
{% endif %}
Group Management
Use the following links to administer group accounts.
Role Management
Use the following links to administer roles and permissions.
Add Institutions
Add SNAC affiliated institutions
{{ include("dashboard/_dashboard_search.html") }}


{% load static %}
{% include 'base/header.html' %}
My Account
My Orders
Past Orders
Returned Orders
My Rewards
Coupons
Fash Wallet
My Settings
Personal Details
Security
{% block body_block %}{%endblock%}


Winners of SHATIU honoured
The winners of the 5th edition of Sheikh Hamad Award for Translation and International Understanding (SHATIU) were honoured yesterday in a ceremony held at the Ritz-Carlton, Doha
On behalf of Father Amir H H Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, H H Sheikh Jassim bin Hamad Al Thani, the Personal Representative of H H the Amir, attended the ceremony.
During the ceremony, H E Sheikh Thani bin Hamad Al Thani honoured the winners of the various categories of the Award. Yahya Al Qaqaa and Ikhlas Al Qanawah won the first place in the translation category from English into Arabic for translating ‘Knowledge is Manifest’ by Franz Rosenthal, QNA has reported.
Amr Ali Saeed Othman secured second place for translating ‘Orientalist Palaces’ by Wael Hallaq. Third place went to Kholoud Amr, for translating ‘Buried Giant’ novel by Kazuo Ishiguro.
As for the category of translation from Arabic into English, the first place was dropped, while Muhammad Hossam Fadil received the second place for translating ‘Rulings in distinguishing fatwas from the rulings’ by Al Qarafi.
H H Sheikh Jassim bin Hamad Al Thani, the Personal Representative of H H the Amir, and H E Sheikh Thani bin Hamad Al Thani along with other dignitaries during the ceremony.
In the category of translation from Russian into Arabic, Nizar Oyoun Al Aswad won the first place for translating ‘War does not have a feminine face’ by Svetlana Alekseyevich.
The first place was repeated by Nofal Nayouf, for translating ‘Everything from love’ by Nadijda Taifi, while the third place went to Bassam Khalil Mekdad, for translating ‘Philosophy of inequality’ by Nikolai Berdyayev.
In the category of translation from Arabic into Russian, the first place was dropped, so Olga Vlasova received the second place, for translating ‘Al Hawat and Al Qasr’ novel by Taher Wattar, while the category of achievement was won by the Tunisian Institute of Translation.
The category of achievement in the Russian and English languages went to the translators Abdullah Haba; Maher Shafiq Farid; and Dimitrii Mikulski. Murtada Syed Umarov won in the achievement category of Uzbek language.
Read also
Read More
Deputy PM and Minister of State for Defence Affairs meets Chairman of Jordanian Joint Staff
Read More
Amir, Father Amir attend Arabian Gulf Cup final
Read More
Amir issues Amiri decisions, decrees
H H the Amir also issued Amiri Decision No. 59 of 2019 appointing Fawzia Idris Salman Al Sulaiti, as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the Republic of Indonesia. H H the Amir issued Amiri Decision No. 60 of 2019 appointing Tariq Ali Faraj Hashim Al Ansari, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of South Africa.


what is the value?
Books can be incredibly powerful.
They can teach us, move us, give us new perspectives, and help shape us. And the most powerful ones change our lives forever.
I asked my Business Insider colleagues to share the one book that has significantly influenced them.


{% include "header.html" %}
Welcome to Electro portal WebApp!
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Database Constraints
Now let me show how the ideas I've been discussing can be used in the formulation of database constraints, using examples from Chapter 6. Please note that the formulations shown aren't the only ones possible, in general.
- Example 1
Status values must be in the range 1 to 100 inclusive.
CONSTRAINT C1
FORALL s ( IF s S THEN s.STATUS 0 AND s.STATUS 100 ) ;
("For all possible values s, if s is a tuple in relvar S, then the STATUS value within that tuple must be in the specified range"; note the dot-qualified attribute references, and recall from Chapter 5 that "s S" can be read as "s [is] in S").
Now, I'm sure you can see that many constraints are going to involve a proposition of the general form just illustrated:
FORALL t ( IF t R THEN p )
(where p is some predicate). We can simplify such propositions slightly by defining the following as a shorthand:
FORALL t R ( p )
The bound variable t here is said to range over (the current value of) relvar R, and the expression FORALL t R is said to be a range-coupled quantifier. Using this shorthand, constraint C1 becomes:
CONSTRAINT C1
FORALL s S ( s.STATUS 0 AND s.STATUS 100 ) ;
In the same kind of way, it's helpful to define the expression:
EXISTS t R ( p )
to be shorthand for the following:
EXISTS t ( ( t R ) AND ( p ) )
In fact, we can (and I will) simplify matters still further, by allowing the ranges for bound variables to be defined external to the expressions that use those bound variables. For example:
s RANGES OVER { S }
Now I can reduce constraint C1 to just:
CONSTRAINT C1
FORALL s ( s.STATUS 0 AND s.STATUS 100 ) ;
For the remainder of this section (and the next), I'll assume the following range definitions are in effect:
s RANGES OVER { S }
x RANGES OVER { S }
y RANGES OVER { S }
p RANGES OVER { P }
sp RANGES OVER { SP }
I'll also introduce additional bound variables as and when necessary.
- Example 2
Suppliers in London must have status 20.
CONSTRAINT C2
FORALL s ( IF s.CITY = 'London' THEN s.STATUS = 20 ) ;
- Example 3
Supplier numbers are unique.
CONSTRAINT C3
FORALL x, y ( IF x.SNO = y.SNO THEN x.SNAME = y.SNAME
AND x.STATUS = y.STATUS
AND x.CITY = y.CITY ) ;
The quantifier FORALL x,y is shorthand for FORALL x FORALL y.
- Example 4
No supplier with status less than 20 can supply part P6.
CONSTRAINT C4
FORALL s ( IF s.STATUS < 20 THEN
FORALL sp ( IF sp.SNO = s.SNO THEN
sp.PNO PNO('P6') ) ) ;
- Example 5
Every shipment must have a supplier.
CONSTRAINT C5
FORALL sp ( EXISTS s ( sp.SNO = s.SNO ) ) ;
- Example 6
No supplier number appears in both relvar LS and relvar NLS.
CONSTRAINT C6
FORALL m LS FORALL n NLS ( m.SNO n.SNO ) ;
- Example 7
Supplier S1 and part P1 must never be in different cities.
CONSTRAINT C7
NOT ( EXISTS s EXISTS p ( s.SNO = SNO('S1') AND
p.PNO = PNO('P1') AND
s.CITY p.CITY ) ) ;
I'll show a few more examples (not based on examples in Chapter 6) in order to illustrate some additional points.
- Example 8
There must always be at least one supplier.
CONSTRAINT C8 EXISTS s ( TRUE ) ;
- Example 9
All parts are either blue or green, and there exists at least one part.
CONSTRAINT C9
FORALL p ( p.COLOR = 'Blue' OR p.COLOR = 'Green' ) AND
EXISTS p ( TRUE ) ;
Note the use of two distinct bound variables here, both called p.
- Example 10
All parts are either blue or green, or there exists at least one red part.
CONSTRAINT C10
FORALL p ( p.COLOR = 'Blue' OR p.COLOR = 'Green' ) OR
EXISTS p ( p.COLOR = 'Red' ) ;
|


SFClib
What is SFClib ?
How does SFC code generate ?
What can SFClib do for you ?
Contact Information


- Name:
- North Carolina State Board of Elections
- Datetime:
- 2012/10/28
- Description:
- The North Carolina State Board of Elections is the official source of election information for North Carolina.
- Organization URL:
- http://www.sboe.state.nc.us/
- Tou URL:
Feed Contact
- Name:
- Stephen Tyler
- Title:
- Director of Elections
- Phone:
-<PHONE_NUMBER>
- Fax:
-<PHONE_NUMBER>
- Email:
- stephen@state.gov


Bomb threat at White Pine Pilot station, police clear the scene
by WVLT NewsWHITE PINE, Tenn. (WVLT) -- White Pine Police responded to a bomb threat at a Pilot station located in the area.
Officials with the White Pine Police Department said a call came in at 5:11 p.m. reporting that there was a bomb at the Pilot station.
Officers cleared the scene with two police dogs and waited around an hour and a half for safety purposes.
The police station has confirmed there was no bomb and the Pilot is back open for business.


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| Figure 1 |
Stable states and trajectories in the example system (Eq. 1 ... |
| Figure 2 |
Periodic solutions of the conceptual model (Eqs 1 and 2) in ... |
| Figure 3 |
Oscillations in the Earth system that can modulate their amp ... |
| Figure 4 |
Summer rainfall in mm/day in the monsoon model in dependence ... |
| Figure 5 |
Solutions of the Arctic sea ice model in dependence on the m ... |


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Line data Source code
1 : use crate::{BlockNumber, Byte32, Timestamp, Uint64};
2 : use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
3 :
4 : /// The information of the node itself.
5 : ///
6 : /// ## Examples
7 : ///
8 : /// ```
9 : /// # serde_json::from_str::<ckb_jsonrpc_types::LocalNode>(r#"
10 : /// {
11 : /// "active": true,
12 : /// "addresses": [
13 : /// {
14 : /// "address": "/ip4/<IP_ADDRESS>/tcp/8112/p2p/QmTRHCdrRtgUzYLNCin69zEvPvLYdxUZLLfLYyHVY3DZAS",
15 : /// "score": "0xff"
16 : /// },
17 : /// {
18 : /// "address": "/ip4/<IP_ADDRESS>/tcp/8112/p2p/QmTRHCdrRtgUzYLNCin69zEvPvLYdxUZLLfLYyHVY3DZAS",
19 : /// "score": "0x1"
20 : /// }
21 : /// ],
22 : /// "connections": "0xb",
23 : /// "node_id": "QmTRHCdrRtgUzYLNCin69zEvPvLYdxUZLLfLYyHVY3DZAS",
24 : /// "protocols": [
25 : /// {
26 : /// "id": "0x0",
27 : /// "name": "/ckb/ping",
28 : /// "support_versions": [
29 : /// "0.0.1"
30 : /// ]
31 : /// },
32 : /// {
33 : /// "id": "0x1",
34 : /// "name": "/ckb/discovery",
35 : /// "support_versions": [
36 : /// "0.0.1"
37 : /// ]
38 : /// }
39 : /// ],
40 : /// "version": "0.34.0 (f37f598 2020-07-17)"
41 : /// }
42 : /// # "#).unwrap();
43 : /// ```
44 16 : #[derive(Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug)]
45 : pub struct LocalNode {
46 : /// CKB node version.
47 : ///
48 : /// Example: "version": "0.34.0 (f37f598 2020-07-17)"
49 : pub version: String,
50 : /// The unique node ID derived from the p2p private key.
51 : ///
52 : /// The private key is generated randomly on the first boot.
53 : pub node_id: String,
54 : /// Whether this node is active.
55 : ///
56 : /// An inactive node ignores incoming p2p messages and drops outgoing messages.
57 : pub active: bool,
58 : /// P2P addresses of this node.
59 : ///
60 : /// A node can have multiple addresses.
61 : pub addresses: Vec<NodeAddress>,
62 : /// Supported protocols.
63 : pub protocols: Vec<LocalNodeProtocol>,
64 : /// Count of currently connected peers.
65 : pub connections: Uint64,
66 : }
67 :
68 : /// The information of a P2P protocol that is supported by the local node.
69 17 : #[derive(Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug)]
70 : pub struct LocalNodeProtocol {
71 : /// Unique protocol ID.
72 : pub id: Uint64,
73 : /// Readable protocol name.
74 : pub name: String,
75 : /// Supported versions.
76 : ///
77 : /// See [Semantic Version](https://semver.org/) about how to specify a version.
78 : pub support_versions: Vec<String>,
79 : }
80 :
81 : /// Information of a remote node.
82 : ///
83 : /// A remote node connects to the local node via the P2P network.  Multiple protocols are running
176 : /// simultaneously in the connection.
177 : pub protocols: Vec<RemoteNodeProtocol>,
178 : }
179 :
180 : /// The information about an active running protocol.
181 80 : #[derive(Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug)]
182 : pub struct RemoteNodeProtocol {
183 : /// Unique protocol ID.
184 : pub id: Uint64,
185 : /// Active protocol version.
186 : pub version: String,
187 : }
188 :
189 : /// The chain synchronization state between the local node and a remote node.
190 30 : #[derive(Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug)]
191 : pub struct PeerSyncState {
192 : /// Best known header hash of remote peer.
193 : ///
194 : /// This is the observed tip of the remote node's canonical chain.
195 : pub best_known_header_hash: Option<Byte32>,
196 : /// Best known header number of remote peer
197 : ///
198 : /// This is the block number of the block with the hash `best_known_header_hash`.
199 : pub best_known_header_number: Option<Uint64>,
200 : /// Last common header hash of remote peer.
201 : ///
202 : /// This is the common ancestor of the local node canonical chain tip and the block
203 : /// `best_known_header_hash`.
204 : pub last_common_header_hash: Option<Byte32>,
205 : /// Last common header number of remote peer.
206 : ///
207 : /// This is the block number of the block with the hash `last_common_header_hash`.
208 : pub last_common_header_number: Option<Uint64>,
209 : /// The total size of unknown header list.
210 : ///
211 : /// **Deprecated**: this is an internal state and will be removed in a future release.
212 : pub unknown_header_list_size: Uint64,
213 : /// The count of concurrency downloading blocks.
214 : pub inflight_count: Uint64,
215 : /// The count of blocks are available for concurrency download.
216 : pub can_fetch_count: Uint64,
217 : }
218 :
219 : /// Node P2P address and score.
220 25 : #[derive(Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug)]
221 : pub struct NodeAddress {
222 : /// P2P address.
223 : ///
224 : /// This is the same address used in the whitelist in ckb.toml.
225 : ///
226 : /// Example: "/ip4/<IP_ADDRESS>/tcp/8112/p2p/QmTRHCdrRtgUzYLNCin69zEvPvLYdxUZLLfLYyHVY3DZAS"
227 : pub address: String,
228 : /// Address score.
229 : ///
230 : /// A higher score means a higher probability of a successful connection.
231 : pub score: Uint64,
232 : }
233 :
234 : /// A banned P2P address.
235 12 : #[derive(Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug)]
236 : pub struct BannedAddr {
237 : /// The P2P address.
238 : ///
239 : /// Example: "/ip4/<IP_ADDRESS>/tcp/8112/p2p/QmTRHCdrRtgUzYLNCin69zEvPvLYdxUZLLfLYyHVY3DZAS"
240 : pub address: String,
241 : /// The address is banned until this time.
242 : pub ban_until: Timestamp,
243 : /// The reason.
244 : pub ban_reason: String,
245 : /// When this address is banned.
246 : pub created_at: Timestamp,
247 : }
248 :
249 : /// The overall chain synchronization state of this local node.
250 4 : #[derive(Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug)]
251 : pub struct SyncState {
252 : /// Whether the local node is in IBD, Initial Block Download.
253 : ///
254 : /// When a node starts and its chain tip timestamp is far behind the wall clock, it will enter
255 : /// the IBD until it catches up the synchronization.
256 : ///
257 : /// During IBD, the local node only synchronizes the chain with one selected remote node and
258 : /// stops responding to most P2P requests.
259 : pub ibd: bool,
260 : /// This is the best known block number observed by the local node from the P2P network.
261 : ///
262 : /// The best here means that the block leads a chain which has the best known accumulated
263 : /// difficulty.
264 : ///
265 : /// This can be used to estimate the synchronization progress. If this RPC returns B, and the
266 : /// RPC `get_tip_block_number` returns T, the node has already synchronized T/B blocks.
267 : pub best_known_block_number: BlockNumber,
268 : /// This is timestamp of the same block described in `best_known_block_number`.
269 : pub best_known_block_timestamp: Timestamp,
270 : /// Count of orphan blocks the local node has downloaded.
271 : ///
272 : /// The local node downloads multiple blocks simultaneously but blocks must be connected
273 : /// consecutively. If a descendant is downloaded before its ancestors, it becomes an orphan
274 : /// block.
275 : ///
276 : /// If this number is too high, it indicates that block download has stuck at some block.
277 : pub orphan_blocks_count: Uint64,
278 : /// Count of downloading blocks.
279 : pub inflight_blocks_count: Uint64,
280 : /// The download scheduler's time analysis data, the fast is the 1/3 of the cut-off point, unit ms
281 : pub fast_time: Uint64,
282 : /// The download scheduler's time analysis data, the normal is the 4/5 of the cut-off point, unit ms
283 : pub normal_time: Uint64,
284 : /// The download scheduler's time analysis data, the low is the 9/10 of the cut-off point, unit ms
285 : pub low_time: Uint64,
286 : }
|


No. 24 San Diego State faces Nevada during redemption tour
by BERNIE WILSONSAN DIEGO (AP) - San Diego State jumped into The Associated Press Top 25 after a close road victory against UNLV and then moved up a spot after a bye weekend.
That certainly caught coach Rocky Long’s attention.
“It’s always nice to be ranked but it’s really funny that you don’t play and you get to move up,” Long said. “That’s an interesting deal. So I’d just as soon not play this week and move up again, eventually move up into the top 10, right?”
Nice thought, but the No. 24 Aztecs (7-1, 4-1 Mountain West) are scheduled to play Nevada (5-4, 2-3) at home on Saturday night.
It’s the second of four straight games against conference rivals that beat the Aztecs last year. SDSU can’t afford to trip up again because it holds the inside track to winning the West Division title and a spot in the conference championship game.
Nevada, struggling with a porous defense and issues at quarterback, has lost three of its last five games
THE REDEMPTION TOUR
A 28-24 loss at Nevada last year was the first of five defeats in the last six games for the Aztecs, including a shutout loss to Ohio in the Frisco Bowl. While it was “disappointing for sure,” the Aztecs aren’t dwelling on it too much, senior defensive lineman Myles Cheatum said. “I was definitely stunned at the time but I’m definitely going into this week with a clear mind.”
Said Long: “They played well against us last year and beat us.”
SDSU is coming off a close win at UNLV, which stunned the Aztecs in San Diego last season, and in the next two weeks will try to avenge 2018 losses to Fresno State and Hawaii.
BIG PICTURE
SDSU can’t afford to stumble like it did last year if it wants to get back to the MWC title game for the first time since 2016. The Aztecs are bowl eligible for the 10th straight season overall and ninth straight under Long, and would like to go into the postseason as the league champion.
“That’s all we’re worried about right now,” Cheatum said. “We set a goal, let’s achieve that first and then we’ll move on to the next one.”
WOLF PACK D
Nevada has allowed 34.6 points and 413.3 yards per game this season.
NEVADA QB SITUATION
Freshman Carson Strong is expected to make his third straight start and seventh overall at a position where there’s been upheaval. He started the first three games before coach Jay Norvell tried Malik Henry and Cristian Solano before going back to Strong, who has thrown for 1,281 yards and five touchdowns, with six interceptions, including 305 yards and two TDs in a 21-10 win against New Mexico last Saturday.
STINGY AZTECS
SDSU’s offense hasn’t made much noise this year, but that’s OK because the defense ranks among the national leaders in nearly every category, including third in rushing defense (69.9 yards), fourth in rushing yards allowed per carry (2.4), sixth in first downs allowed (118), tied for sixth in total touchdowns allowed (13), eighth in scoring defense (14.1), 12th in total defense (283.5), tied for 14th in passing touchdowns allowed (8) and 25th in passing efficiency rating (115.6).
Senior linebacker Kyahva Tezino has been a force during the four-game winning streak, with 39 tackles, three tackles for losses and seven quarterback hurries.
More AP college football: http://apnews.com/tag/Collegefootball and http://www.twitter.com/AP_Top25
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OSSL_PARAM_BLD, OSSL_PARAM_BLD_new, OSSL_PARAM_BLD_to_param, OSSL_PARAM_BLD_free, OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_int, OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_uint, OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_long, OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_ulong, OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_int32, OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_uint32, OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_int64, OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_uint64, OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_size_t, OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_time_t, OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_double, OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_BN, OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_BN_pad, OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_utf8_string, OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_utf8_ptr, OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_octet_string, OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_octet_ptr - functions to assist in the creation of OSSL_PARAM arrays
#include <openssl/param_build.h>
typedef struct OSSL_PARAM_BLD;
OSSL_PARAM_BLD *OSSL_PARAM_BLD_new(void);
OSSL_PARAM *OSSL_PARAM_BLD_to_param(OSSL_PARAM_BLD *bld);
void OSSL_PARAM_BLD_free(OSSL_PARAM_BLD *bld);
int OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_TYPE(OSSL_PARAM_BLD *bld, const char *key, TYPE val);
int OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_BN(OSSL_PARAM_BLD *bld, const char *key,
const BIGNUM *bn);
int OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_BN_pad(OSSL_PARAM_BLD *bld, const char *key,
const BIGNUM *bn, size_t sz);
int OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_utf8_string(OSSL_PARAM_BLD *bld, const char *key,
const char *buf, size_t bsize);
int OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_utf8_ptr(OSSL_PARAM_BLD *bld, const char *key,
char *buf, size_t bsize);
int OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_octet_string(OSSL_PARAM_BLD *bld, const char *key,
const void *buf, size_t bsize);
int OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_octet_ptr(OSSL_PARAM_BLD *bld, const char *key,
void *buf, size_t bsize);
A collection of utility functions that simplify the creation of OSSL_PARAM arrays. The TYPE names are as per OSSL_PARAM_int(3).
OSSL_PARAM_BLD_new() allocates and initialises a new OSSL_PARAM_BLD structure so that values can be added. Any existing values are cleared.
OSSL_PARAM_BLD_free() deallocates the memory allocates by OSSL_PARAM_BLD_new().
OSSL_PARAM_BLD_to_param() converts a built up OSSL_PARAM_BLD structure bld into an allocated OSSL_PARAM array. The OSSL_PARAM array and all associated storage must be freed by calling OSSL_PARAM_free() with the functions return value. OSSL_PARAM_BLD_free() can safely be called any time after this function is.
OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_TYPE() are a series of functions which will create OSSL_PARAM objects of the specified size and correct type for the val argument. val is stored by value and an expression or auto variable can be used.
When TYPE denotes an integer type, signed integer types will normally get the OSSL_PARAM type OSSL_PARAM_INTEGER params. When TYPE denotes an unsigned integer type will get the OSSL_PARAM type OSSL_PARAM_UNSIGNED_INTEGER.
OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_BN() is a function that will create an OSSL_PARAM object that holds the specified BIGNUM bn. When the bn is zero or positive, its OSSL_PARAM type becomes OSSL_PARAM_UNSIGNED_INTEGER. When the bn is negative, its OSSL_PARAM type becomes OSSL_PARAM_INTEGER. If bn is marked as being securely allocated, its OSSL_PARAM representation will also be securely allocated. The bn argument is stored by reference and the underlying BIGNUM object must exist until after OSSL_PARAM_BLD_to_param() has been called.
OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_BN_pad() is a function that will create an OSSL_PARAM object that holds the specified BIGNUM bn. The object will be padded to occupy exactly sz bytes, if insufficient space is specified an error results. When the bn is zero or positive, its OSSL_PARAM type becomes OSSL_PARAM_UNSIGNED_INTEGER. When the bn is negative, its OSSL_PARAM type becomes OSSL_PARAM_INTEGER. If bn is marked as being securely allocated, its OSSL_PARAM representation will also be securely allocated. The bn argument is stored by reference and the underlying BIGNUM object must exist until after OSSL_PARAM_BLD_to_param() has been called.
OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_utf8_string() is a function that will create an OSSL_PARAM object that references the UTF8 string specified by buf. The length of the string bsize should not include the terminating NUL byte. If it is zero then it will be calculated. The string that buf points to is stored by reference and must remain in scope until after OSSL_PARAM_BLD_to_param() has been called.
OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_octet_string() is a function that will create an OSSL_PARAM object that references the octet string specified by buf and <bsize>. The memory that buf points to is stored by reference and must remain in scope until after OSSL_PARAM_BLD_to_param() has been called.
OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_utf8_ptr() is a function that will create an OSSL_PARAM object that references the UTF8 string specified by buf. The length of the string bsize should not include the terminating NUL byte. If it is zero then it will be calculated. The string buf points to is stored by reference and must remain in scope until the OSSL_PARAM array is freed.
OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_octet_ptr() is a function that will create an OSSL_PARAM object that references the octet string specified by buf. The memory buf points to is stored by reference and must remain in scope until the OSSL_PARAM array is freed.
OSSL_PARAM_BLD_new() returns the allocated OSSL_PARAM_BLD structure, or NULL on error.
OSSL_PARAM_BLD_to_param() returns the allocated OSSL_PARAM array, or NULL on error.
All of the OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_TYPE functions return 1 on success and 0 on error.
OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_BN() and OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_BN_pad() only support nonnegative BIGNUMs. They return an error on negative BIGNUMs. To pass signed BIGNUMs, use OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_signed_BN().
Both examples creating an OSSL_PARAM array that contains an RSA key. For both, the predefined key variables are:
BIGNUM *n; /* modulus */
unsigned int e; /* public exponent */
BIGNUM *d; /* private exponent */
BIGNUM *p, *q; /* first two prime factors */
BIGNUM *dmp1, *dmq1; /* first two CRT exponents */
BIGNUM *iqmp; /* first CRT coefficient */
This example shows how to create an OSSL_PARAM array that contains an RSA private key.
OSSL_PARAM_BLD *bld = OSSL_PARAM_BLD_new();
OSSL_PARAM *params = NULL;
if (bld == NULL
|| !OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_BN(bld, "n", n)
|| !OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_uint(bld, "e", e)
|| !OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_BN(bld, "d", d)
|| !OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_BN(bld, "rsa-factor1", p)
|| !OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_BN(bld, "rsa-factor2", q)
|| !OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_BN(bld, "rsa-exponent1", dmp1)
|| !OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_BN(bld, "rsa-exponent2", dmq1)
|| !OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_BN(bld, "rsa-coefficient1", iqmp)
|| (params = OSSL_PARAM_BLD_to_param(bld)) == NULL)
goto err;
OSSL_PARAM_BLD_free(bld);
/* Use params */
...
OSSL_PARAM_free(params);
This example shows how to create an OSSL_PARAM array that contains an RSA public key.
OSSL_PARAM_BLD *bld = OSSL_PARAM_BLD_new();
OSSL_PARAM *params = NULL;
if (nld == NULL
|| !OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_BN(bld, "n", n)
|| !OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_uint(bld, "e", e)
|| (params = OSSL_PARAM_BLD_to_param(bld)) == NULL)
goto err;
OSSL_PARAM_BLD_free(bld);
/* Use params */
...
OSSL_PARAM_free(params);
OSSL_PARAM_int(3), OSSL_PARAM(3), OSSL_PARAM_free(3)
The functions described here were all added in OpenSSL 3.0.
Copyright 2019-2022 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License"). You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html.


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ScannableFingerprint
protocol ScannableFingerprint
This protocol defines the main building blocks of a scannable fingerprint.
-
The fingerprint version
Declaration
Swift
static var version: Fingerprint.Version
-
The fingerprint data of the local party
Declaration
Swift
var localFingerprint: Data
-
The fingerprint data of the remote party
Declaration
Swift
var remoteFingerprint: Data
-
Compare two fingerprints for equality
Declaration
Swift
func matches(_ other: ScannableFingerprint) throws -> Bool
Parameters
other
The other fingerprint to compare to.
Return Value
True
, if the fingerprints match. -
The Protobuf object of the fingerprint
Declaration
Swift
var object: Textsecure_CombinedFingerprints
-
fingerprintObject
Extension methodCreate a ProtoBuf object populated with the fingerprint data
Declaration
Swift
var fingerprintObject: Textsecure_CombinedFingerprints
-
data()
Extension methodSerialize a fingerprint.
Declaration
Swift
func data() throws -> Data
Return Value
The serialized fingerprint
-
fingerprintsMatch(_:_:)
Extension methodCompare two fingerprints for equality.
Declaration
Swift
func fingerprintsMatch(_ lhs: ScannableFingerprint, _ rhs: ScannableFingerprint) throws -> Bool
Parameters
lhs
The first fingerprint
rhs
The second fingerprint
Return Value
True
if the fingerprints match


class: top, left # Freemasonry 101 John Brengle, P.M. Austin Lodge #12, A.F.&A.M., Austin, Texas .featured-image[![](images/gsc.png)] --- class: top, left ## History * The History of Freemasonry * The History of the Grand Lodge System * The History of [Austin Lodge #12](http://austinlodge12.com/) --- class: top, left ### The History of Freemasonry * Ancient Landmarks and Charges * [Albert Mackey - The Foundation of Masonic Law](http://freemasonry.bcy.ca/grandlodge/landmarks.html) * [James Anderson - Charges of a Freemason](http://freemasonry.bcy.ca/history/anderson/charges.html) * [The Regius Poem](http://www.freemasons-freemasonry.com/regius.html) * Operative Freemasonry * Speculative Freemasonry * The Antients * The Moderns --- class: top, left ### The History of the Grand Lodge System * The History of the [United Grand Lodge of England](http://www.ugle.org.uk/) * The History of the Grand Lodge of the Republic of Texas * The History of the [Grand Lodge of Texas](https://grandlodgeoftexas.org/) --- class: top, left ### The History of [Austin Lodge #12](http://austinlodge12.com/) --- class: top, left ## The Organization of Freemasonry * The United Grand Lodge of England * The Grand Lodge System --- class: top, left ### The United Grand Lodge of England --- class: top, left ### The Grand Lodge System * Recognition of Foreign Grand Lodges * The Grand Lodge System in the United States * Regular vs. Irregular vs. Clandestine Freemasonry: Recognition * The Grand Lodge of Texas, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons * Masonic Districts * Constituent Masonic Lodges --- class: top, left ## Masonic Symbolism * The Circumpunct * The Square and Compasses * The Nature and Purpose of Emblems and Symbols * Meditation --- class: top, left ### The Circumpunct * The Figure of the Circumpunct * Thale's Theorem * The Holy Saints John --- class: top, left #### The Figure of the Circumpunct .featured-image[![](images/circumpunct.png)] --- class: top, left #### Thale's Theorem .featured-image[![](images/thales.png)] --- class: top, left #### The Holy Saints John .featured-image[![](images/hsj.png)] --- class: top, left ### The Square and Compasses .featured-image[![](images/gsc.png)] --- class: top, left ### The Nature and Purpose of Emblems and Symbols --- class: top, left ### Meditation * Meditation Practice Overview * Emblematic Meditation * [Zen Masonry](https://zenmasonry.wordpress.com/) Articles * [Meditation](https://zenmasonry.wordpress.com/meditation/) * [Masonic Meditation](https://zenmasonry.wordpress.com/meditation/masonic-meditation/) * [Koans](https://zenmasonry.wordpress.com/zen/koan/) --- class: top, left ## Masonic Philosophy * The Virtues * Deity and Religion * Varieties of Ritual * The Tracing Boards --- class: top, left ### The Virtues * The Four Cardinal Virtues --- class: top, left ### Deity and Religion --- class: top, left ### Varieties of Ritual * [The Emulation Lodge of Improvement](https://emulationloi.org/) * [The Ahiman Rezon](https://www.scgrandlodgeafm.org/uploads/1/9/0/8/19088243/ahimanrezon-grand_lodge-1825-pennsylvania.pdf) * [James Anderson, The Constitutions of the Free-Masons](https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1028&context=libraryscience) * [William Preston, Illustrations of Freemasonry](https://freemasonry.bcy.ca/ritual/preston.pdf) * [Thomas Smith Webb, The Freemason's Monitor](http://www.coloradofreemasons.org/pdfDocuments/library/TheFreemasonsMonitor.pdf) --- class: top, left ### The Tracing Boards --- class: top, left ## Becoming a Freemason * Getting to Know the Local Lodges * Petitioning a Lodge * The Investigation Process * Initiation and Degree Work * Appendant Bodies --- class: top, left ### Getting to Know the Local Lodges --- class: top, left ### Petitioning a Lodge --- class: top, left ### The Investigation Process --- class: top, left ### Initiation and Degree Work --- class: top, left ### Appendant Bodies * The Scottish Rite of Freemasonry * [Southern Jurisdiction](https://scottishrite.org/) * [Northern Jurisdiction](https://scottishritenmj.org/) * [The York, or American Rite](http://www.yorkrite.org/) * Royal Arch Masonry * Cryptic Masonry * Knights Templar * [Shriners International](http://www.shrinersinternational.org/) ---


You have to start the sample database before you can run the BlazeDS samples. The samples use an HSQLDB database that located in the [installdir]/samples/classic-turnkey-samples/sampledb directory.
To start the sample database:
The source code for all the sample Royale applications is available in [installdir]/samples/classic-turnkey-samples/frontend.
The objective of this test drive is to give you, in a very short amount of time, an understanding of how the BlazeDS data services work and what they can do. This test drive consists of a series of eight samples kept as concise as possible (typically between 10 and 50 lines of code) to clearly expose features of interest.
This application demonstrates how to use the RemoteObject to build a simple CRUD (Create/Update/Delete) application.
Click here to start the Inventory Management application
Warning: This sample has not yet been ported to Apache Royale. It is currently unavailable.
This example demonstrates how to use the message service to push data from the server to the client. At the server side, a Java component publishes simulated market data to a BlazeDS messaging destination. The Trader Desktop application subscribes to real time updates for the stocks specified in a configurable watch list. This application lets you experiment with different types of channels (streaming, polling) supported by BlazeDS as well as a channel that uses adaptive polling. Using adaptive polling (using a per client outbound message queue processor), you have full control over how messages are handled by queue processors and delivered to individual clients. For example you can specify per-client delays for message delivery, and provide custom logic defining how messages are merged between deliveries.
Warning: This sample has not yet been ported to Apache Royale. It is currently unavailable.
The Collaboration Dashboard show how you can use the Message Service to build collaborative applications. To try this sample, open the application in two different browser windows and notice how selections made in one window are reflected in the other window. For example, the chart on the left shows total revenue across all regions on a monthly basis. When you select a month in this chart, the pie chart in the upper right panel is updated to display a regional breakdown for the selected month. If you select a region in the pie chart, the chart in the lower-right panel is updated to display the selected region's results compared to the average for the given time period.
Runtime configuration provides an alternative approach to defining destinations and adapters. In addition to statically defining destinations and adapters in the XML configuration files (remoting-config.xml and messaging-config.xml), you can create destinations and adapters programmatically at runtime. Your runtime destinations and adapters can be injected at server startup, or created as needed during the life cycle of an application. The remoting destination samples provide examples of destinations injected at server startup. The messaging sample provides an example of a destination created as needed.
See flex.samples.runtimeconfig.EmployeeRuntimeRemotingDestination.java to see how the "runtime-employee-ro" destination is created programmatically.
See flex.samples.runtimeconfig.ChatRoomService.java to see how the chat room destinations are created programmatically.


{{ partial "head" . }}
I've been developing JavaScript applications for all platforms for almost a decade and have a broad knowledge of tools and frameworks.
Testing is an integral part of my work. I implement measures to prevent your App breaking in production.
Having worked in startups for more than 5 years I've learnt how important it is to align business needs with product value. I'll will ask the right questions even if they may sometimes be inconvenient, to provide the best solution at the right cost.
Having a background in Art & Design (RCA 2011) has been especially useful for early projects and small teams where there's no dedicated design resource.
Whether you want to talk business or just chat, say hi! If I'm not currently online I’ll get back to you asap.


essential minuta oil oils (.%), plants repellent ticks tick {border-style control livestock px;} #ffffff;} plant Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Kenya diversifolia repellence community Africa Bukusu Essential dose used Health constituents doses effects study western Hassanali Research Tagetes grass px; shown using {font-family International Tropical cattle font-size host potential products selected use Bungoma Oils Tithonia University compared double; effect insect major management obtained repellency repellents results ticks. American Cleome East Nairobi, Science South adult border-color border-width chemical controlling coworkers detailed infestations number possible present previously showed solid; species toxicity {font-style {font-weight . mg Chemical DEET Entomology Environmental Insect Melinis Ocimum Press Repellent USA Wanzala analyses bold brown climbing collab: collected components courier; data different diversifolia, ear em; ethnobotanical local longepedunculata minutiflora model on-host pasture pests properties pt;} reported rufipes showing studies survey ticks,


Node link diagrams
This is a 'node-link' diagram. It is a way to show the connectivity (links) of entities (nodes).
The visualization is interactive: you can hover over nodes to turn them and their links green; and
you can click on nodes to select them (turn red). You can select multiple nodes, and you can deselect
a node by clicking on it again.
Two of the tasks will require you to turn nodes blue (the 'neighbor' task and the 'path' task).
You can do so by holding CTRL pressed while you click on nodes. See the examples below.
|
Find a path between the two nodes (you hold CTRL down and turn nodes blue)
|
Find a common neighbor between the two nodes (you hold CTRL down and turn that node blue)
|


Magic World
Home
Solutions
Tips
Magic Wand
Servies
Magic Girl
Yoohoooo!! Let's have fun
Magic Wings
Yoohoooo!! Fly through the sky
Magic Computer
Yeah Champ!! Get Started


Steven Denton, Sean Cheung, and Sam Saarinen comprise the team working on the CommuteRoutes software package, and are all students in the noon section of UK's CS 499 class (Spring 2016). Individual student logs are recorded on each team member's page. The team Activity Log and Project Schedule provide information about the project as a whole.


String and binary representations of objects for several formats /
mime types.
| Version: |
0.18 |
| Depends: |
R (≥ 3.0.1) |
| Imports: |
utils, grDevices, htmltools, base64enc |
| Suggests: |
methods, highr, Cairo, stringr, testthat, leaflet |
| Enhances: |
data.table, dplyr, htmlwidgets, vegalite, plotly, geojsonio |
| Published: |
2018-11-27 |
| Author: |
Philipp Angerer [aut, cre],
Thomas Kluyver [aut],
Jan Schulz [aut],
abielr [ctb],
Denilson Figueiredo de Sa [ctb],
Jim Hester [ctb],
karldw [ctb],
Dave Foster [ctb],
Carson Sievert [ctb] |
| Maintainer: |
Philipp Angerer <phil.angerer at gmail.com> |
| License: |
GPL-3 |
| NeedsCompilation: |
no |
| Materials: |
README NEWS |
| CRAN checks: |
repr results |


custom text for default slot
custom text for slot x
How to identify elements passed via slots:
-
the `slot` attribute is preserved in elements that are slotted. you can use it to identify them.
-
`closed` or `open` mode has no implications for the slotting algo.
-
children of slotted elements have no information about the slot they belong to. you can walk up the dom chain to determine the closest element with `slot` attribute instead.
-
weird behavior: fallback content for each slot is present via shadowRoot, they are reachable, but will not appear in the UI to users, instead the provided content will surface.
-
weird behavior: if no content for the default slot is provided (in the example above the h3), but some other slot is provided, the default content for the default slot will not surface. but if h4 is removed, everything works fine. default slot seems to be especial.
-
the `slot` elements are present in the shadow tree, and can be inspected.
-
slotted elements can be observed via `slotchange` event in slot elements.


Contents of TeleType Manual
28asr-training-1402.pdf
Circuit Diagrams.pdf
Page Printer.pdf
Volume 1-1 (introduction, Description, Installation, Removal of Units).pdf
Volume 1-2 (Keyboard, Typing Unit, Common Components).pdf
Volume 1-3 (Typing Unit, Reader, Punch).pdf
index.htm
model33_line_set.pdf
telet2_1.pdf
telet2_2.pdf
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Acarousel.js is a tiny (3kb minified) jQuery plugin to create a cover flow style image carousel for the web.
Check Out Advanced Demo


pointer_to_c_struct(s, ptr)
Casts the generic pointer ptr to a pointer to the C-structure named s. Return the casted pointer.
ptr
s
Please see the Foreign Function Interface Reference for examples.
Core Module Index | Contents


Called when stopping to process one partition of new data in the executor side.
Called when stopping to process one partition of new data in the executor side. This is
guaranteed to be called either open
returns true
or false
. However,
close
won't be called in the following cases:
Throwable
open
throws a Throwable
.the error thrown during processing data or null if there was no error.
Called when starting to process one partition of new data in the executor.
Called when starting to process one partition of new data in the executor. See the class
docs for more information on how to use the partitionId
and epochId
.
the partition id.
a unique id for data deduplication.
true
if the corresponding partition and version id should be processed. false
indicates the partition should be skipped.
Called to process the data in the executor side.
Called to process the data in the executor side. This method will be called only if open
returns true
.
The abstract class for writing custom logic to process data generated by a query. This is often used to write the output of a streaming query to arbitrary storage systems. Any implementation of this base class will be used by Spark in the following way.
open(...)
method has been called, which signifies that the task is ready to generate data.Important points to note:
partitionId
andepochId
can be used to deduplicate generated data when failures cause reprocessing of some input data. This depends on the execution mode of the query. If the streaming query is being executed in the micro-batch mode, then every partition represented by a unique tuple (partitionId, epochId) is guaranteed to have the same data. Hence, (partitionId, epochId) can be used to deduplicate and/or transactionally commit data and achieve exactly-once guarantees. However, if the streaming query is being executed in the continuous mode, then this guarantee does not hold and therefore should not be used for deduplication.close()
method will be called ifopen()
method returns successfully (irrespective of the return value), except if the JVM crashes in the middle.Scala example:
Java example:
2.0.0


This multiple language chatbot shows you how easy it is to incorporate Amazon Lex into your web apps. Try it out.


Melodique: Algorithmic Melodic Phrase Generator
Melodique is a tool to generate melodic phrases procedurally based on random
chord progressions. It is intended to help those who wish to learn about chord
progressions and the basics of compositions as well as those looking for new
melody ideas. The controls at the top of the page can be used to adjust various
parameters affecting the way in which the melodic phrases are generated.
Copyright © 2012 Maxime Chevalier-Boisvert


Files CCore/inc/crypton/Forget.h CCore/src/crypton/Forget.cpp
"Forget" is a family of functions, designed to clean sensitive data. Usually these functions are called in class destructors to cleanup such data.
template <class T> void PrepareForget(T &obj); template <class T,ulen Len> void PrepareForget(T (&obj)[Len]); template <class T> void Forget(T &obj); template <class T> void ForgetRange(PtrLen<T> data);
PrepareForget() cleans the given object or the given array.
Forget() performs cleanup of the given object. It calls PrepareForget() first and OptimizeBarrier() next to ensure the memory changes are really made.
ForgetRange() forgets the given range.
void OptimizeBarrier(void *ptr,ulen len);
OptimizeBarrier() is declared in the file PlatformBase.h, provided by the target. It ensures that memory modifications inside the given block are really made. The best way to implement this function is to hide the code in an assemble file to prevent the compiler from unwanted optimizations.


This old colonial city is considered to be Venezuela's main commercial and military port, and its houses and streets conserve the original colonial style. It has great beaches.
This is a Port of Entry. It is the most convenient one to use if wishing to visit Las Aves. Visiting this archipelago without clearing in (and then out again) first, is no longer tolerated.
Obtaining the necessary cruising permit may take several weeks.
For a useful report from a cruiser visiting this port see Puerto Cabello Updates
Last updated February 2012.
It appears that the Venezuelan government has taken over the marina at Puerto Cabello. This facility is quite near the naval base, which provided some limited haulout facilities.
The marina is reported as being in a poor state of repair, and there are sunken boats (unmarked) in the middle of the channel 2ft below the surface. They have been there since 1999.
Last updated January 2014.


FaultCode
public enum FaultCode : Error
The main fault codes (env namespace)
-
Nothing to see here, folks. Move along.
Declaration
Swift
case NoFault
-
This means that we had an HTTP error, and you should look at the embedded HTTP code.
Declaration
Swift
case HTTPError(httpError: Int)
-
There was no response at the given IP address.
Declaration
Swift
case NoDeviceAtIPAddress(address: String)
-
Unable to get a SOAP authentication realm.
Declaration
Swift
case NilRealm
-
The device found an invalid element information item instead of the expected Envelope element information item.
Declaration
Swift
case VersionMismatch
-
One or more mandatory SOAP header blocks were not understood.
Declaration
Swift
case MustUnderstand
-
SOAP header block or SOAP body child element information item is scoped with data encoding that is not supported by the device.
Declaration
Swift
case DataEncodingUnknown
-
Whiskey Tango Foxtrot (SOAPEngine). Add any error (can be nil).
Declaration
Swift
case UnknownSOAPError(error: Error!)
-
Whiskey Tango Foxtrot (ONVIF). Add any error (can be nil).
Declaration
Swift
case UnknownONVIFError(error: Error!)
-
This returns a somewhat interpreted description of the fault. This will return the code, plus anything more. If this is an HTTP error, the HTTP response code is appened by a “-”. If the fault has subcodes, they are returned, attached to the code by “-”.
Declaration
Swift
public var localizedFullDescription: String { get }
-
This returns just the code.
Declaration
Swift
public var localizedDescription: String { get }


AngularDart Components
Useful links:
Template code
for this page
API reference
for AngularDart Components
Pub page
for AngularDart Components
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{% extends "base.html" %} {% block content %}
You can use this key to allow desktop and mobile clients to access your OpenRadar account.
When writing HTTP requests, add this key to the Authorization header to authenticate your requests.
To keep your account secure, you are strongly encouraged to use https for all authenticated API requests.
{% endblock %}


Toro form
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official visit:
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escorts name:


--- title: Hello World layout: post date: 2015-05-30 12:00 headerImage: false category: blog author: ericsu ---
Hello World is the intro program that every beginner programmer writes to mark their adventure into the new world. This is my Hello World into the blogging world, the web development world and the world where I can be proactive about the things and ideas I wish to explore.
To begin, I am a computer engineering and computer science dual major at Northeastern University in Boston, Massachusetts. I'm currently in my second co-op (internship) thanks to Northeastern's co-op program that provides students the ability to work in full-time internships in between semesters of classes (more info here: Northeastern University Co-Op). My current internship is as a Python/firmware programmer at EMC2 where I have been working on scripting test cases and developing features to aid in fuzz testing. My previous internship was at Seagate where I aided in running lab tests, before I switched over to web development for one of their proprietary web tools. I have these internships to thank for my experience in Python programming as Python is now my language of choice.
Of course as a college student I have some free time and I need to be able to relieve stress from the coursework. I have been a member of the Northeastern University (Club) Triathlon Team since my freshman year and I currently serve on their executive board. I have raced about 3 triathlons a year and my practice schedule during the year ranges from 3 to 6 workouts a week depending on my classwork or co-op schedule. To contrast with my fitness crazed triathlon side I practice photography to bring out my creative side. I started with a used DSLR from eBay and I have moved onto a nicer, newer DSLR and more equipment that I'll carry around on city walks or wherever I travel. I lightly edit my photos and maintain a photography blog on Tumblr (Eric Su Photography) and all of my photos can be viewed on Flickr.
To be able to say that I'm even somewhat interested in web development I feel as if having my own custom-made website is a must. This website was created as a project for myself to experiment in front-end web development and to start maintaining a blog to document all of my experiences in life. This website is also meant to serve up a (hopefully) less boring version of my resume details in case any potential employers decide to come poking around. Info on my education, work experience and projects is still in the works but I should be able to bring them online soon. The entire design and implementation of this site has been done myself, by hand, with credit given to any resources I have specified here.


Lionel Messi scores 34th hat-trick, equals Cristiano Ronaldo's record
by ANIBARCELONA: Barcelona star Lionel Messi on Sunday scored his 34th hat-trick in La Liga which helped his club register a win against Celta Vigo.
With this, Messi equalled the record of Juventus' Cristiano Ronaldo as the former Real Madrid player has the same number to hat-tricks under his belt.
Barcelona managed to thrash Celta Vigo by 4-1 with the help of the Argentine's massive contribution.
Messi scored his first goal through a penalty in the 23rd minute followed by strikes in the 45+1 and 48 minutes. Sergio Busquets scored the fourth goal for Barcelona.
It was Barcelona's brilliant comeback as they witnessed a 3-1 defeat in their previous La Liga clash which was against Levante.


--- layout: page ---
{% for module in site.modules %} {% endfor %}
{% assign latest_release = site.data.releases | last %}| Version | {{ latest_release.version }} |
|---|---|
| Release notes | {{ latest_release.notes }} |
| Download links | {{ latest_release.downloads[0].label }} |
| {{ download.label }} |
Click on the module's images above to read the corresponding documentation. You can also get the list of available modules.
Use the issues tracker to submit bug reports. Feature requests are also welcome, but I can't promise you that I will do what you propose.


As programmers share spaces and work in teams, the ability to have empathy and self awareness makes team work stronger and improves communication. Even in practice, when writing comments or pseudocode for other programmers, there is empathy required to encourage yourself to be as clear and understandable as possible. It is the act of putting yourself in the other persons position and understanding what it may feel like to receive incoherent code.
Personal values, empathy, and self awareness are important in a learning environment as well. Being able to respect each others boundaries and values by being in tune with how your behaviour is affecting others, makes for a learning space where everyone can feel safe. Feeling safe on a learning journey is the key to success as it is what makes you feel comfortable to ask questions, to interact with your peers, and to showcase your work.
Honestly, the effectiveness of learning core skills alongside tech skills is what surprised me the most. I wasn’t skeptical about the process, but I didn’t think it would enhance my learning journey the way that it has. One of the most impactful core learning aspects was learning about neuroplasticity and mindsets.  The process of recounting my past learning experiences to establish how and why I had developed a fixed mindset was also an eye opening experience.
I had always deemed myself as quite an emotionally intelligent person. However researching the subject was very confronting as I discovered I wasn’t as clever as I thought I was. I still struggle to take control of my emotions, but I have noticed through reflections that I am a lot less negative by sprint 5 than I was at the beginning.
Programming jobs are commonly team work based. The ability to be able to connect and communicate effectively with team members is vital. A brilliant coder can be terrible with connecting with others and lack empathy, which makes for a bad addition to a team. However an average coder, with bright human skills, can learn and elevate their skills on the job.
I don’t believe it has been a waste of time. As mentioned above it has allowed me to open my eyes to certain aspects of myself, where I shine and where I need improvement. These aspects are either advantages or hinderances to my learning journey. If I think about all the tech information I have learned and practised over the five weeks, I don’t think I would be as calm and collected as I am now without regular reflections, and without knowing what my learning behaviour is truly like. In fact, I wish I had learned core skills sooner in my previous learning journeys.
I want to remain in the fashion industry and work in the tech/digital sector. I would also like to freelance on the side and develop websites for local brands. I want to introduce overt exuberance into website design in opposition to the common modern minimalist design. To be able to achieve my long term goal, the skills I will need to gain are refined skills in HTML,CSS and Javascript.
When evaluating my strengths and limitations in Sprint 2, I mentioned my strengths were my authenticity and creativity. My limitations were my anxiety and my tendency to allow my emotions to take over.
They remained the same after the course of foundations. However, during my journey I have learned skills to control my negativity. There is still more work to be done to destroy my limitations and I hope to continue to refine myself during bootcamp. An example of a way to refrain myself from getting into a negative mindset is simply asking for help.  Rather than dwelling in that head space, I can ask for guidance. The short moment of possible embarrassment I may feel from asking for help, doesn’t compare to the frustration and negativity it feels when feeling stuck. There is also mindfulness meditation and breathing exercises to help with my anxiety.
I am concerned about keeping focused for the length of 9 weeks. I have found that to be a challenge already in foundations, and that is much shorter than bootcamp. The weight and speed of the course is something that drew me in, but also intimidates me.
I would like to develop my emotional intelligence. In particular my self-management and self-awareness. The way in which I manage my impulsive feelings and emotions in a healthy way, and the ability to recognise my emotions and how they affect my thoughts and behaviour.
I expect to be at Bootcamp every morning on time. After a few honest attempts, and trialling different problem solving techniques, I will ask for help from other learners providing it is an appropriate time to do so, and from my facilitators. While on bootcamp I will dedicate everything to the tasks at hand. I will stay off my phone to avoid distractions.


ARGUMENT.—Under the escort of his faithful master, Dante not without difficulty makes his way out of the sixth gulf; and in the seventh, sees the robbers tormented by venomous and pestilent serpents. The soul of Vanni Fucci, who had pillaged the sacristy of St. James in Pistoia, predicts some calamities that impended over that city, and over the Florentines.
IN the year’s early nonage, when the sun
Tempers his tresses in Aquarius’ urn,
And now toward equal day the nights recede;
Whenas the rime upon the earth puts on
Her dazzling sister’s image, but not long
Her milder sway endures; then riseth up
The village hind, whom fails his wintry store,
And looking out beholds the plain around
All whiten’d; whence impatiently he smites
His thighs, and to his hut returning in,
There paces to and fro, wailing his lot,
As a discomfited and helpless man;
Then comes he forth again, and feels new hope
Spring in his bosom, finding e’en thus soon
The world hath changed its countenance, grasps his crook,
And forth to pasture drives his little flock:
So me my guide dishearten’d, when I saw
His troubled forehead; and so speedily
That ill was cured; for at the fallen bridge
Arriving, toward me with a look as sweet,
He turn’d him back, as that I first beheld
At the steep mountain’s foot. Regarding well
The ruin, and some counsel first maintain’d
With his own thought, he opened wide his arm
And took me up. As one, who, while he works,
Computes his labor’s issue, that he seems
Still to foresee the effect; so lifting me
Up to the summit of one peak, he fix’d
His eye upon another. “Grapple that,”
Said he, “but first make proof, if it be such
As will sustain thee.” For one capt with lead
This were no journey. Scarcely he, though light,
And I, though onward push’d from crag to crag,
Could mount. And if the precinct of this coast
Were not less ample than the last, for him
I know not, but my strength had surely fail’d.
But Malebolge all toward the mouth
Inclining of the nethermost abyss,
The site of every valley hence requires,
That one side upward slope, the other fall.
At length the point from whence the utmost stone
Juts down, we reach’d; soon as to that arrived,
So was the breath exhausted from my lungs
I could no further, but did seat me there.
“Now needs thy best of man;” so spake my guide:
“For not on downy plumes, nor under shade
Of canopy reposing, fame is won;
Without which whosoe’r consumes his days,
Leaveth such vestige of himself on earth,
As smoke in air or foam upon the wave.
Thou therefore rise: vanquish thy weariness
By the mind’s effort, in each struggle form’d
To vanquish, if she suffer not the weight
Of her corporeal frame to crush her down.
A longer ladder yet remains to scale.
From these to have escaped sufficeth not,
If well thou note me, profit by my words.”
I straightway rose, and show’d myself less spent
That I in truth did feel me. “On,” I cried,
“For I am stout and fearless.” Up the rock
Our way we held, more rugged than before,
Narrower, and steeper far to climb. From talk
I ceased not, as we journey’d, so to seem
Least faint; whereat a voice from the other foss
Did issue forth, for utterance suited ill.
Though on the arch that crosses there I stood,
What were the words I knew not, but who spake
Seem’d moved in anger. Down I stoop’d to look;
But my quick eye might reach not to the depth
For shrouding darkness; wherefore thus I spake:
“To the next circle, teacher, bend thy steps,
And from the wall dismount we; for as hence
I hear and understand not, so I see
Beneath, and naught discern.” “I answer not,”
Said he, “but by the deed. To fair request
Silent performance maketh best return.”
We from the bridge’s head descended, where
To the eighth mound it joins; and then, the chasm
Opening to view, I saw a crowd within
Of serpents terrible, so strange of shape
And hideous, that remembrance in my veins
Yet shrinks the vital current. Of her sands
Let Libya vaunt no more: if Jaculus,
Pareas and Chelyder be her brood,
Cenchris and Amphisbæna, plagues so dire
Or in such numbers swarming ne’er she show’d,
Not with all Ethiopia, and whate’er
Above the Erythræan sea is spawn’d.
Amid this dread exuberance of woe
Ran naked spirits wing’d with horrid fear,
Nor hope had they of crevice where to hide,
Or heliotrope to charm them out of view.
With serpents were their hands behind them bound,
Which through their reins infix’d the tail and head,
Twisted in folds before. And lo! on one
Near to our side, darted an adder up,
And, where the neck is on the shoulders tied,
Transpierced him. Far more quickly than e’er pen
Wrote O or I, he kindled, burn’d, and changed
To ashes all, pour’d out upon the earth.
When there dissolved he lay, the dust again
Uproll’d spontaneous, and the self-same form
Instant resumed. So mighty sages tell,
The Arabian Phoenix, when five hundred years
Have well-nigh circled, dies, and springs forthwith
Renascent: blade nor herb throughout his life
He tastes, but tears of frankincense alone
And odorous amomum: swaths of nard
And myrrh his funeral shroud. As one that falls,
He knows not how, by force demoniac dragg’d
To earth, or through obstruction fettering up
In chains invisible the powers of man,
Who, risen from his trance, gazeth around,
Bewilder’d with the monstrous agony
He hath endured, and wildly staring sighs;
So stood aghast the sinner when he rose.
Oh! how severe God’s judgment, that deals out
Such blows in stormy vengeance. Who he was,
My teacher next inquired; and thus in few
He answer’d: “Vanni Fucci am I call’d,
Not long since rained down from Tuscany
To this dire gullet. Me the bestial life
And not the human pleased, mule that I was,
Who in Pistoia found my worthy den.”
I then to Virgil: “Bid him stir not hence;
And ask what crime did thrust him thither: once
A man I knew him, choleric and bloody.”
The sinner heard and feign’d not, but toward me
His mind directing and his face, wherein
Was dismal shame depictured, thus he spake:
“It grieves me more to have been caught by thee
In this sad plight, which thou beholdest, than
When I was taken from the other life.
I have no power permitted to deny
What thou inquirest. I am doom’d thus low
To dwell, for that the sacristy by me
Was rifled of its goodly ornaments,
And with the guilt another falsely charged.
But that thou mayst not joy to see me thus,
So as thou e’er shalt ’scape this darksome realm,
Open thine ears and hear what I forebode.
Reft of the Neri first Pistoia pines;
Then Florence changeth citizens and laws;
From Valdimagra, drawn by wrathful Mars,
A vapor rises, wrapt in turbid mists,
And sharp and eager driveth on the storm
With Arrowy hurtling o’er Piceno’s field,
Whence suddenly the cloud shall burst, and strike
Each helpless Bianco prostrate to the ground.
This have I told, that grief may rend thy heart.”
ARGUMENT.—The sacrilegious Fucci vents his fury in blasphemy, is seized by serpents, and flying is pursued by Cacus in the form of a Centaur, who is described with a swarm of serpents on his haunch, and a dragon on his shoulders breathing forth fire. Our Poet then meets with the spirits of three of his countrymen, two of whom undergo a marvelous transformation in his presence.
WHEN he had spoke, the sinner raised his hands
Pointed in mockery and cried” “Take them, God!
I level them at thee.” From that day forth
The serpents were my friends; for round his neck
One of them rolling twisted, as it said,
“Be silent, tongue!” Another, to his arms
Upgliding, tied them, riveting itself
So close, it took from them the power to move.
Pistoia! ah, Pistoia! why dost doubt
To turn thee into ashes, cumbering earth
No longer, since in evil act so far
Thou hast outdone thy seed? I did not mark,
Through all the gloomy circles of the abyss,
Spirit, that swell’d so proudly ’gainst his God;
Not him, who headlong fell from Thebes. He fled,
Nor utter’d more; and after him there came
A Centaur full of fury, shouting, “Where,
Where is the caitiff?” On Maremma’s marsh
Swarm not the serpent tribe, as on his haunch
They swarm’d, to where the human face begins.
Behind his head, upon the shoulders, lay
With open wings a dragon, breathing fire
On whomsoe’er he met. To me my guide:
“Cacus is this, who underneath the rock
Of Aventine spread oft a lake of blood.
He, from his brethren parted, here must tread
A different journey, for his fraudful theft
Of the great herd that near him stall’d; whence found
His felon deeds their end, beneath the mace
Of stout Alcides, that perchance laid on
A hundred blows, and not the tenth was felt.”
While yet he spake, the Centaur sped away:
And under us three spirits came, of whom
Nor I nor he was ware, till they exclaim’d,
“Say who are ye!” We then brake off discourse,
Intent on these alone. I knew them not:
But, as it chanceth oft, befell that one
Had need to name another. “Where,” said he,
“Doth Cianfa lurk?” I, for a sign my guide
Should stand attentive, placed against my lips
The finger lifted. If, O reader! now
Thou be not apt to credit what I tell,
No marvel; for myself do scarce allow
The witness of mine eyes. But as I look’d
Toward them, lo! a serpent with six feet
Springs forth on one, and fastens full upon him:
His midmost grasp’d the belly, a forefoot
Seized on each arm (while deep in either cheek
He flesh’d his fangs); the hinder on the thighs
Were spread, ’twixt which the tail inserted curl’d
Upon the reins behind. Ivy ne’er clasp’d
A dodder’d oak, as round the other’s limbs
The hideous monster intertwined his own.
Then, as they both had been of burning wax,
Each melted into other, mingling hues,
That which was either now was seen no more.
Thus up the shrinking paper, ere it burns,
A brown tint glides, not turning yet to black,
And the clean white expires. The other two
Look’d on exclaiming, “Ah! how dost thou change,
Agnello! See! Thou art nor double now,
Nor only one.” The two heads now became
One, and two figures blended in one form
Appear’d, where both were lost. Of the four lengths
Two arms were made: the belly and the chest,
The thighs and legs, into such members changed
As never eye hath seen. Of former shape
All trace was vanish’d. Two, yet neither, seem’d
That image miscreate, and so pass’d on
With tardy steps. As underneath the scourge
Of the fierce dog-star that lays bare the fields,
Shifting from brake to brake the lizard seems
A flash of lightning, if he thwart the road;
So toward the entrails of the other two
Approaching seem’d an adder all on fire,
As the dark pepper-grain livid and swart.
In that part, whence our life is nourish’d first,
Once he transpierced; then down before him fell
Stretch’d out. The pierced spirit look’d on him,
But spake not; yea, stood motionless and yawn’d,
As if by sleep or feverous fit assail’d.
He eyed the serpent, and the serpent him.
One from the wound, the other from the mouth
Breathed a thick smoke, whose vapory columns join’d.
Lucan in mute attention now may hear,
Nor thy disastrous fate, Sabellus, tell,
Nor thine, Nasidius. Ovid now be mute.
What if in warbling fiction he record
Cadmus and Arethusa, to a snake
Him changed, and her into a fountain clear,
I envy not; for never face to face
Two natures thus transmuted did he sing,
Wherein both shapes were ready to assume
The other’s substance. They in mutual guise
So answer’d that the serpent split his train
Divided to a fork, and the pierced spirit
Drew close his steps together, legs and thighs
Compacted, that no sign of juncture soon
Was visible: the tail, disparted, took
The figure which the spirit lost; its skin
Softening, his indurated to a rind.
The shoulders next I mark’d, that entering join’d
The monster’s arm-pits, whose two shorter feet
So lengthen’d, as the others dwindling shrunk.
The feet behind then twisting up became
That part that man conceals, which in the wretch
Was cleft in twain. While both the shadowy smoke
With a new color veils, and generates
The excrescent pile on one, peeling it off
From the other body, lo! upon his feet
One upright rose, and prone the other fell.
Nor yet their glaring and malignant lamps
Were shifted, though each feature changed beneath.
Of him who stood erect, the mounting face
Retreated toward the temples, and what there
Superfluous matter came, shot out in ears
From the smooth cheeks; the rest, not backward dragg’d,
Of its excess did shape the nose; and swell’d
Into due size protuberant the lips.
He, on the earth who lay, meanwhile extends
His sharpen’d visage, and draws down the ears
Into the head, as doth the slug his horns.
His tongue, continuous before and apt
For utterance, severs; and the other’s fork
Closing unites. That done, the smoke was laid.
The soul, transform’d into the brute, glides off,
Hissing along the vale, and after him
The other talking sputters; but soon turn’d
His new-grown shoulders on him, and in few
Thus to another spake: “Along this path
Crawling, as I have done, speed Buoso now!”
So saw I fluctuate in successive change
The unsteady ballast of the seventh hold:
And here if aught my pen have swerved, events
So strange may be its warrant. O’er mine eyes
Confusion hung, and on my thoughts amaze.
Yet ’scaped they not so covertly, but well
I mark’d Sciancato: he alone it was
Of the three first that came, who changed not: tho’
The other’s fate, Gaville! still dost rue.


Translator: ForeverSolar
Author: labuladong
This is a revision of a long time ago article “framework thinking of learning data structure and algorithm”. This article will cover all the previous contents, and will give many code examples to teach you how to use framework thinking.
First of all, we are talking about common data structures. I am not engaged in algorithm competitions, so I can only solve conventional problems. In addition, the following is a summary of my personal experience. No algorithm book can cover these things, so please try to understand my point of view and don’t dwell on the details, because this article hopes to build an overview of framework thinking of data structure and algorithm.
The framework thinking that from the whole to the details, from the top to the bottom and from the abstract to the concrete is universal. We think in this way can be more effective not only in learning data structure and algorithm, but also in learning any other knowledge.
There are only two ways to store data structure: array (sequential storage) and linked list (linked storage)。
Wait..what about other data structure such as hash table, stack, queue, heap, tree, graph and so on?
When we analyze problems, we must have the idea of recursion, from top to bottom, from abstract to concrete. Those data structures belong to the 「superstructure」, while arrays and lists are the 「structural basis」. Because those diversified data structures, the source of which are all special operations on linked lists or arrays, just have different APIs.
For example, 「queue」 and 「stack」 data structures can be implemented with both linked lists and arrays. Using array to realize, we need to deal with the problem of expanding and shrinking capacity; using linked list to realize, there is no such problem, but more memory space is needed to store node pointers.
Graph can be implemented with both linked lists and arrays. An adjacency table is a linked list, and an adjacency matrix is a two-dimensional array. Adjacency matrix can judge the connectivity quickly and solve some problems by matrix operation, but if the graph is sparse, it is very time-consuming. Adjacency table is more space-saving, but the efficiency of many operations is certainly less than adjacency matrix.
Hashtable maps keys to a large array through hash function. And to solve hash conflict, Chaining needs linked list feature, with simple operation, but needs extra space to store pointer; linear exploration method needs array feature, to address continuously, and does not need storage space of pointer, but the operation is slightly more complex.
The implementation of “tree” with array is “heap”, because “heap” is a complete binary tree, and the storage with array does not need node pointer, and the operation is relatively simple; the implementation with linked list is a very common kind of “tree”, because it is not necessarily a complete binary tree, so it is not suitable to use array storage. For this reason, based on the tree structure of the list, various ingenious designs are derived, such as binary search tree, AVL tree, red black tree, interval tree, B tree, etc., to deal with different problems.
Friends who know about redis database may also know that redis provides lists, strings, collections and other common data structures. However, for each data structure, there are at least two underlying storage methods to facilitate the use of appropriate storage methods according to the actual situation of data storage.
In conclusion, there are many kinds of data structures. Even you can invent your own data structures, but the underlying storage is nothing but arrays or linked lists. The advantages and disadvantages of the two are as follows:
Array is compact and continuous storage, which can be accessed randomly. It can find corresponding elements quickly through index and save storage space relatively. But just because of the continuous storage, the memory space must be allocated enough at one time, so if the array is to be expanded, it needs to reallocate a larger space, and then copy all the data, the time complexity O (n); and if you want to insert and delete in the middle of the array, you must move all the data behind each time to maintain the continuity, the time complexity O (n).
Because the elements of the linked list are not continuous, but the pointer points to the position of the next element, so there is no expansion of the array; if you know the precursor and the hind drive of an element, the operation pointer can delete the element or insert a new element, with time complexity of O (1). But because the storage space is not continuous, you can’t calculate the address of the corresponding element according to an index, so you can’t access it randomly; and because each element must store a pointer to the location of the front and back elements, it will consume relatively more storage space.
For any data structure, its basic operation is no more than traversal + access, and more specific point are: add, delete, search and modify.
There are many kinds of data structures, but their purpose is to add, delete, search and modify them as efficiently as possible in different application scenarios. Isn’t that the mission of data structure?
How to traverse + access? We still see from the highest level that traversal and access of various data structures are in two forms: linear and nonlinear.
Linear is represented by for / while iteration, and nonlinear is represented by recursion. Furthermore, there are only the following frameworks:
Array traversal framework, typical linear iterative structure：
void traverse(int[] arr) {
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
// iteratively visit arr[i]
}
}
Linked list traversal framework has both iterative and recursive structure：
/* Basic node of the single linked list */
class ListNode {
int val;
ListNode next;
}
void traverse(ListNode head) {
for (ListNode p = head; p != null; p = p.next) {
// iteratively p.val
}
}
void traverse(ListNode head) {
// recusively head.val
traverse(head.next)
}
Binary tree traversal framework, typical nonlinear recursive traversal structure：
/* Basic node of the binary tree */
class TreeNode {
int val;
TreeNode left, right;
}
void traverse(TreeNode root) {
traverse(root.left)
traverse(root.right)
}
Do you think the recursive traversal of binary tree is similar to that of linked list? Take a look at the binary tree structure and single linked list structure, is it similar? If there are more forks, will you traverse the n-tree?
The binary tree framework can be extended to the n-tree traversal framework：
/* Basic node of the N-tree */
class TreeNode {
int val;
TreeNode[] children;
}
void traverse(TreeNode root) {
for (TreeNode child : root.children)
traverse(child)
}
N-tree traversal can be extended to graph traversal, because graph is a combination of several n-tree. Do you think a circle can appear in a graph? This is very easy to do. Just mark it visited with a Boolean array.
The so-called framework is a trick. No matter add, delete, insert or modify, these codes are never separated from the structure. You can take this structure as the outline and add code on the framework according to specific problems. The following will give specific examples.
First of all, it should be clear that data structure is a tool, and algorithm is a method to solve specific problems through appropriate tools. That is to say, before learning algorithms, at least we need to understand the common data structures and their characteristics and defects.
So how to practice in leetcode? Do binary tree exercises first! Do binary tree exercises first! Do binary tree exercises first! Because binary tree exercises are the easiest to train framework thinking, and most of the algorithm skills are essentially tree traversal problems.
According to many readers’ questions, we are not without ideas to solve problems, but without understanding what we mean by “framework”. Don’t look down on following lines of broken code, almost all the topics of binary trees are a set of this framework.
void traverse(TreeNode root) {
// pre order traverse
traverse(root.left)
// middle order traverse
traverse(root.right)
// post order traverse
}
For example, I can show the solution of a few problems at random, regardless of the specific code logic, just to see how the framework works in it.
Leetcode No.124 , hard level. This exercise requires to find the maximum sum of paths in the binary tree. The main code is as follows:
int ans = INT_MIN;
int oneSideMax(TreeNode* root) {
if (root == nullptr) return 0;
int left = max(0, oneSideMax(root->left));
int right = max(0, oneSideMax(root->right));
ans = max(ans, left + right + root->val);
return max(left, right) + root->val;
}
You see, this is a post order traversal.
Leetcode No.105, medium level. This exercise requires to rebuild a binary tree according to the results of traversal in the pre order and middle order. It’s a classic problem. The main code is as follows
TreeNode buildTree(int[] preorder, int preStart, int preEnd,
int[] inorder, int inStart, int inEnd, Map<Integer, Integer> inMap) {
if(preStart > preEnd || inStart > inEnd) return null;
TreeNode root = new TreeNode(preorder[preStart]);
int inRoot = inMap.get(root.val);
int numsLeft = inRoot - inStart;
root.left = buildTree(preorder, preStart + 1, preStart + numsLeft,
inorder, inStart, inRoot - 1, inMap);
root.right = buildTree(preorder, preStart + numsLeft + 1, preEnd,
inorder, inRoot + 1, inEnd, inMap);
return root;
}
Don’t be scared by so many parameters of this function, just to control the array index. In essence, this algorithm is also a preorder traversal.
Leetcode No.99 , hard level. This exercise requires to recover a BST, the main code is as follows：
void traverse(TreeNode* node) {
if (!node) return;
traverse(node->left);
if (node->val < prev->val) {
s = (s == NULL) ? prev : s;
t = node;
}
prev = node;
traverse(node->right);
}
This is just a middle order traversal. There should be no need to explain what it means for a BST middle order traversal.
As you can see, the problem of hard level is not much difficulty, but also so regular. Just write out the framework and add something to the corresponding position. That’s the idea.
For a person who understands binary trees, it won’t take long to do exercises of a binary tree. So if you can’t or are afraid of working out questions, you can start from the binary tree. The first 10 may be a little uncomfortable. If you do another 20 with the framework, you may have some understanding. If you finish that, and then do any backtracking, dynamic programming or divide-and-conquer topic, you will find that as long as recursion is involved, it’s all a tree problem.
More examples:
Dynamic programming said that the problem of collecting changes, the violent solution is to traverse an n-tree:
def coinChange(coins: List[int], amount: int):
def dp(n):
if n == 0: return 0
if n < 0: return -1
res = float('INF')
for coin in coins:
subproblem = dp(n - coin)
# no solution for sub questions
if subproblem == -1: continue
res = min(res, 1 + subproblem)
return res if res != float('INF') else -1
return dp(amount)
What if I can’t read so much code? Directly extract the framework, you can see the core idea：
# a traverse problem of n-tree
def dp(n):
for coin in coins:
dp(n - coin)
In fact, many dynamic planning problems are traversing a tree. If you are familiar with the traversal operation of the tree, you at least know how to transform ideas into code and how to extract the core ideas of other people’s solutions.
Look at the backtracking algorithm again. The detailed explanation of the backtracking algorithm in the previous article simply says that the backtracking algorithm is a forward and backward traversal problem of n-tree, without exception.
For example, the main code of N Queen Problem is as follows:
void backtrack(int[] nums, LinkedList<Integer> track) {
if (track.size() == nums.length) {
res.add(new LinkedList(track));
return;
}
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
if (track.contains(nums[i]))
continue;
track.add(nums[i]);
// go to next decision level
backtrack(nums, track);
track.removeLast();
}
/* extract n-tree traverse framework */
void backtrack(int[] nums, LinkedList<Integer> track) {
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
backtrack(nums, track);
}
To sum up, for those who are afraid of algorithms, you can do the exercises of the relevant topics of the tree first, try to see the problems from the framework, rather than the details.
From the perspective of framework, we can extract and expand based on the framework, which can not only understand the core logic quickly when we look at other people’s solutions, but also help us find the direction of thinking when we write our solutions.
Of course, if the details are wrong, you can’t get the right answer, but as long as there is a framework, you can’t be wrong too much, because your direction is right.
This kind of thinking is very important. Sometimes I write the solution according to the process of finding the state transition equation summarized in the dynamic planning explanation. To be honest, I don’t know why it’s right. Anyway, it’s right…
This is the power of framework, which can ensure that you can still write the right program even when you are sleepy; even if you can’t do anything, you can be a higher level than others.
The basic storage mode of data structure is chain and order. The basic operation is to add, delete, search and modify. The traversal mode is nothing but iteration and recursion.
It is suggested to start from “tree” and finish these dozens of questions in combination with frame thinking. The understanding of tree structure should be in place. At this time, if you look at the topics of backtracking, dynamic rules, divide and conquer, you may have a deeper understanding of the ideas.