| Interface | Description |
|---|---|
| CreationAPI |
Gfycat creation API wrapper.
|
| DefaultUploadManager.GetGfycatByName | |
| ProgressReportingSource.ProgressListener | |
| UploadListener |
Callback from
UploadManager with current creation progress. |
| UploadManager |
Manages Gfycat uploading to Gfycat.com
|
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| DefaultUploadManager |
Created by dekalo on 23.03.17.
|
| InputStreamRequestBody |
Created by dekalo on 23.03.17.
|
| ProgressReportingSource |
Created by dekalo on 28.03.17.
|
| UploadManagerAsyncWrapper |
Created by dgoliy on 4/11/17.
|
| Enum | Description |
|---|---|
| UploadListener.Stage |
Stage of creation.
|
| Exception | Description |
|---|---|
| UploadManager.CanNotCreateKeyException |
Indicates that request creation key step failed.
|
| UploadManager.CanNotGetGfycatStatusException |
Indicates that request creation key and upload content steps have passed, but
UploadManager was unable to retrieve creation status from Gfycat.com |
| UploadManager.CanNotUploadGfycatException |
Indicates that upload content step failed.
|
| UploadManager.CreationTimeoutException |
Happens when creation flow ended by timeout.
|
| UploadManager.FailedToCreateGfycatException |
Indicates that request creation key and upload content steps have passed, but
Gfycat.com was unable to create Gfycat from uploaded content.
|
| UploadManager.GfycatWasDeletedBeforeCompletionException |
Indicates that Gfycat was deleted on server, while creation flow was in process.
|
| UploadManager.InternalCreationException |
Indicates that creation flow terminated due to internal logic error.
|


SwissMemeSupply
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Example of Angular Http Error Interceptor
Get request to page which returns 400
Get request to page which returns 401
Get request to page which returns 404


19 January 2009 - The Ministry of Health in China has reported 3 new cases of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus.
The first case is a 27 year old female from Jinan City, Shandong Province. She developed symptoms on 5 January, was hospitalized, and died on 17 January. The source of her infection is presently under investigation.
The second case is a 2 year old female from Luliang City, Shanxi Province. She developed symptoms on 7 January, was hospitalized, and is in a critical condition. The source of her infection is presently under investigation.
The third case is a 16 year old male from Huaihua City, Hunan Province. He developed symptoms on 8 January, was hospitalized on 16 January, and is in a critical condition. The case had exposure to sick and dead poultry.
All 3 cases were confirmed by the national laboratory. All contacts have been placed under medical observation and remain healthy to date.
Of the 34 cases confirmed to date in China, 22 have been fatal.


When designing sprite graphics, it is convenient to work with a separate texture file for each character. However, a significant portion of a sprite texture will often be taken up by the empty space between the graphic elements and this space will result in wasted video memory at runtime. For optimal performance, it is best to pack graphics from several sprite textures tightly together within a single texture known as an atlas. Unity provides a Sprite Packer utility to automate the process of generating atlases from the individual sprite textures.
Unity handles the generation and use of sprite atlas textures behind the scenes so that the user needs to do no manual assignment. The atlas can optionally be packed on entering Play mode or during a build and the graphics for a sprite object will be obtained from the atlas once it is generated.
Users are required to specify a Packing Tag in the Texture Importer to enable packing for Sprites of that Texture.
The Sprite Packer is disabled by default but you can configure it from the Editor settings (menu: Edit -> Project Settings -> Editor). The sprite packing mode can be changed from Disabled to Enabled for Builds (i.e. packing is used for builds but not Play mode) or Always Enabled (i.e. packing is enabled for both Play mode and builds).
If you open the Sprite Packer window (menu: Window -> Sprite Packer) and click the Pack button in the top-left corner, you will see the arrangement of the textures packed within the atlas.
If you select a sprite in the Project panel, this will also be highlighted to show its position in the atlas. The outline is actually the render mesh outline and it also defines the area used for tight packing.
The toolbar at the top of the Sprite Packer window has a number of controls that affect packing and viewing. The Pack buttons initiates the packing operation but will not force any update if the atlas hasn’t changed since it was last packed. (A related Repack button will appear when you implement a custom packing policy as explained in Customizing the Sprite Packer below). The View Atlas and Page # menus allow you to choose which page of which atlas is shown in the window (a single atlas may be split into more than one “page” if there is not enough space for all sprites in the maximum texture size). The menu next to the page number selects which “packing policy” is used for the atlas (see below). At the right of the toolbar are two controls to zoom the view and to switch between color and alpha display for the atlas.
The Sprite Packer uses a packing policy to decide how to assign sprites into atlases. It is possible to create your own packing policies (see below) but the Default Packer Policy, Tight Packer Policy and Tight Rotate Enabled Sprite Packer Policy options are always available. With these policies, the Packing Tag property in the Texture Importer directly selects the name of the atlas where the sprite will be packed and so all sprites with the same packing tag will be packed in the same atlas. Atlases are then further sorted by the texture import settings so that they match whatever the user sets for the source textures. Sprites with the same texture compression settings will be grouped into the same atlas where possible.
The DefaultPackerPolicy option is sufficient for most purposes but you can also implement your own custom packing policy if you need to. To do this, you need to implement the UnityEditor.Sprites.IPackerPolicy interface for a class in an editor script. This interface requires the following methods:
DefaultPackerPolicy uses rect packing (see SpritePackingMode) by default. This is useful if you’re doing texture-space effects or would like to use a different mesh for rendering the Sprite. Custom policies can override this and instead use tight packing.
using System;
using System.Linq;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEditor;
using System.Collections.Generic;
public class DefaultPackerPolicySample : UnityEditor.Sprites.IPackerPolicy
{
protected class Entry
{
public Sprite sprite;
public UnityEditor.Sprites.AtlasSettings settings;
public string atlasName;
public SpritePackingMode packingMode;
public int anisoLevel;
}
private const uint kDefaultPaddingPower = 3; // Good for base and two mip levels.
public virtual int GetVersion() { return 1; }
protected virtual string TagPrefix { get { return "[TIGHT]"; } }
protected virtual bool AllowTightWhenTagged { get { return true; } }
protected virtual bool AllowRotationFlipping { get { return false; } }
public static bool IsCompressedFormat(TextureFormat fmt)
{
if (fmt >= TextureFormat.DXT1 && fmt <= TextureFormat.DXT5)
return true;
if (fmt >= TextureFormat.DXT1Crunched && fmt <= TextureFormat.DXT5Crunched)
return true;
if (fmt >= TextureFormat.PVRTC_RGB2 && fmt <= TextureFormat.PVRTC_RGBA4)
return true;
if (fmt == TextureFormat.ETC_RGB4)
return true;
if (fmt >= TextureFormat.ATC_RGB4 && fmt <= TextureFormat.ATC_RGBA8)
return true;
if (fmt >= TextureFormat.EAC_R && fmt <= TextureFormat.EAC_RG_SIGNED)
return true;
if (fmt >= TextureFormat.ETC2_RGB && fmt <= TextureFormat.ETC2_RGBA8)
return true;
if (fmt >= TextureFormat.ASTC_RGB_4x4 && fmt <= TextureFormat.ASTC_RGBA_12x12)
return true;
if (fmt >= TextureFormat.DXT1Crunched && fmt <= TextureFormat.DXT5Crunched)
return true;
return false;
}
public void OnGroupAtlases(BuildTarget target, UnityEditor.Sprites.PackerJob job, int[] textureImporterInstanceIDs)
{
List<Entry> entries = new List<Entry>();
foreach (int instanceID in textureImporterInstanceIDs)
{
TextureImporter ti = EditorUtility.InstanceIDToObject(instanceID) as TextureImporter;
TextureFormat desiredFormat;
ColorSpace colorSpace;
int compressionQuality;
ti.ReadTextureImportInstructions(target, out desiredFormat, out colorSpace, out compressionQuality);
TextureImporterSettings tis = new TextureImporterSettings();
ti.ReadTextureSettings(tis);
Sprite[] sprites =
AssetDatabase.LoadAllAssetRepresentationsAtPath(ti.assetPath)
.Select(x => x as Sprite)
.Where(x => x != null)
.ToArray();
foreach (Sprite sprite in sprites)
{
Entry entry = new Entry();
entry.sprite = sprite;
entry.settings.format = desiredFormat;
entry.settings.colorSpace = colorSpace;
// Use Compression Quality for Grouping later only for Compressed Formats. Otherwise leave it Empty.
entry.settings.compressionQuality = IsCompressedFormat(desiredFormat) ? compressionQuality : 0;
entry.settings.filterMode = Enum.IsDefined(typeof(FilterMode), ti.filterMode)
? ti.filterMode
: FilterMode.Bilinear;
entry.settings.maxWidth = 2048;
entry.settings.maxHeight = 2048;
entry.settings.generateMipMaps = ti.mipmapEnabled;
entry.settings.enableRotation = AllowRotationFlipping;
if (ti.mipmapEnabled)
entry.settings.paddingPower = kDefaultPaddingPower;
else
entry.settings.paddingPower = (uint)EditorSettings.spritePackerPaddingPower;
#if ENABLE_ANDROID_ATLAS_ETC1_COMPRESSION
entry.settings.allowsAlphaSplitting = ti.GetAllowsAlphaSplitting ();
#endif //ENABLE_ANDROID_ATLAS_ETC1_COMPRESSION
entry.atlasName = ParseAtlasName(ti.spritePackingTag);
entry.packingMode = GetPackingMode(ti.spritePackingTag, tis.spriteMeshType);
entry.anisoLevel = ti.anisoLevel;
entries.Add(entry);
}
Resources.UnloadAsset(ti);
}
// First split sprites into groups based on atlas name
var atlasGroups =
from e in entries
group e by e.atlasName;
foreach (var atlasGroup in atlasGroups)
{
int page = 0;
// Then split those groups into smaller groups based on texture settings
var settingsGroups =
from t in atlasGroup
group t by t.settings;
foreach (var settingsGroup in settingsGroups)
{
string atlasName = atlasGroup.Key;
if (settingsGroups.Count() > 1)
atlasName += string.Format(" (Group {0})", page);
UnityEditor.Sprites.AtlasSettings settings = settingsGroup.Key;
settings.anisoLevel = 1;
// Use the highest aniso level from all entries in this atlas
if (settings.generateMipMaps)
foreach (Entry entry in settingsGroup)
if (entry.anisoLevel > settings.anisoLevel)
settings.anisoLevel = entry.anisoLevel;
job.AddAtlas(atlasName, settings);
foreach (Entry entry in settingsGroup)
{
job.AssignToAtlas(atlasName, entry.sprite, entry.packingMode, SpritePackingRotation.None);
}
++page;
}
}
}
protected bool IsTagPrefixed(string packingTag)
{
packingTag = packingTag.Trim();
if (packingTag.Length < TagPrefix.Length)
return false;
return (packingTag.Substring(0, TagPrefix.Length) == TagPrefix);
}
private string ParseAtlasName(string packingTag)
{
string name = packingTag.Trim();
if (IsTagPrefixed(name))
name = name.Substring(TagPrefix.Length).Trim();
return (name.Length == 0) ? "(unnamed)" : name;
}
private SpritePackingMode GetPackingMode(string packingTag, SpriteMeshType meshType)
{
if (meshType == SpriteMeshType.Tight)
if (IsTagPrefixed(packingTag) == AllowTightWhenTagged)
return SpritePackingMode.Tight;
return SpritePackingMode.Rectangle;
}
}
using System;
using System.Linq;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEditor;
using UnityEditor.Sprites;
using System.Collections.Generic;
// TightPackerPolicy will tightly pack non-rectangle Sprites unless their packing tag contains "[RECT]".
class TightPackerPolicySample : DefaultPackerPolicySample
{
protected override string TagPrefix { get { return "[RECT]"; } }
protected override bool AllowTightWhenTagged { get { return false; } }
protected override bool AllowRotationFlipping { get { return false; } }
}
using System;
using System.Linq;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEditor;
using UnityEditor.Sprites;
using System.Collections.Generic;
// TightPackerPolicy will tightly pack non-rectangle Sprites unless their packing tag contains "[RECT]".
class TightRotateEnabledSpritePackerPolicySample : DefaultPackerPolicySample
{
protected override string TagPrefix { get { return "[RECT]"; } }
protected override bool AllowTightWhenTagged { get { return false; } }
protected override bool AllowRotationFlipping { get { return true; } }
}


It is more than Just a Portal
Log In and quickly get to know about your batchmates and where they are currently working. Talk to them, share your ideas to work together.You can post Jobs, comment on the posts to suggest and many more.Follow us on FACEBOOK


|
MLIB
|
sockaddr wrapper
#include <inaddr.h>
Public Member Functions | |
| inaddr (unsigned long host=INADDR_ANY, unsigned short port=0) | |
| Fill sockaddr structure with host number and port. More... | |
| inaddr (const char *hostname, unsigned short port) | |
| Fill sockaddr structure after resolving hostname. | |
| inaddr (const sockaddr &adr) | |
| Construct from a sockaddr structure. | |
| inaddr & | operator= (const inaddr &rhs) |
| Assignment operator. | |
| operator sockaddr * () const | |
| convert to a pointer to sockaddr | |
| int | operator== (const inaddr &other) const |
| Equality operator. | |
| int | operator!= (const inaddr &other) const |
| Inequality operator. | |
| operator const sockaddr & () const | |
| convert to a reference to sockaddr (const variant) | |
| operator sockaddr & () | |
| convert to a reference to sockaddr (nonconst variant) | |
| unsigned short | port () const |
| return port number in host order | |
| void | port (unsigned short p) |
| set port number | |
| unsigned | host () const |
| return host address in host order | |
| erc | host (unsigned int h) |
| set host address | |
| erc | host (const char *hostname) |
| Set host address after resolving name. | |
| void | hostname (char *name, size_t sz) |
| Alternate form copies host name in user supplied buffer. | |
| const char * | hostname () |
| Find hostname from the host address in sockaddr. | |
| const char * | ntoa () |
| return host address in dotted format | |
| bool | is_multicast () const |
| check if it's multicast host | |
Static Public Member Functions | |
| static unsigned | localhost () |
| Return local address in HOST order. | |
| mlib::inaddr::inaddr | ( | unsigned long | host = INADDR_ANY , |
| unsigned short | port = 0 |
||
| ) |
Parameters are in HOST order


Gotabaya Rajapaksa sworn in as Sri Lankan President
He will succeed President Maithripala Sirisena for a five-year term
by Meera SrinivasanGotabaya Rajapaksa, who won the November 16 election with 52.25 % of the total votes, took oath as President of Sri Lanka, in the ancient city of Anuradhapura on Monday.
Analysis | Will Gotabaya Rajapaksa make peace with India?
In his inaugural address after being sworn in to the country's highest office, Mr. Rajapaksa underscored his government's “neutral” approach to foreign policy. “We will remain neutral in our foreign relations, and stay out of any conflict of world powers,” he said.
Professionalism and efficiency, he said, would be cornerstones of his administration. While meritocracy and technocracy would be promoted, “we will not tolerate any corruption,” he added.
Also read | Sri Lanka polls: How did the minorities vote, and why?
The Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna (SLPP or People’s Party) candidate Mr. Rajapaksa, the seventh Executive President of Sri Lanka, campaigned intensively on a plank of enhanced national security — a prevalent concern among citizens after the Easter terror attacks in April — development and prosperity for citizens. He beat the incumbent United National Party’s Sajith Premadasa by a margin of over 13 lakh votes in a closely fought race.
Mr. Rajapaksa's victory followed a decisive mandate from Sri Lanka's Sinhala-majority districts. The Tamils and Muslim minorities of the north and east, and the Malayaha Tamils living in the central parts of the island, voted largely in favour of Mr. Premadasa.
Watch | Sri Lankan Presidential election: Key contenders and issues


Third-party file repository integration sample
IBM Verse Deep Dive and Futures.pdf
Verse Developer Browser Extension.zip
applications.json
Choose


MY LEFT FOOT A film review by Mark R. Leeper Copyright 1990 Mark R. Leeper
Capsule review: Upbeat but not saccharine tale of Christy Brown. Paralyzed with cerebral palsy so that he has control only over one foot, he becomes an artist and an author. The film perhaps over-emphasizes his romantic life over other aspects that could be more interesting, but it is a superb performance. Rating: +2.
Christy Brown was born with cerebral palsy to a poor Dublin family. Paralyzed so that he has control only over one foot, he used that foot to write and paint, distinguishing himself in both until his death in 1981. This is his story from birth to his late thirties, told as a series of flashbacks as he thinks about his life one afternoon. This is not just his biography, but also a portrait of living conditions for the poor in Dublin in the 1930s and 1940s. We see not just his life but also his times. His father was a heavy drinker and a bully. Some of the early scenes of Brown as a child trapped in this household and in a body he cannot operate have a nightmarish quality most fictional horror films cannot approach. We cower with a terrified Christy when his father goes on drunken rampages.  We struggle with Christy the first time he tries to communicate, scratching on the floor with a piece of chalk between his toes, answering an arithmetic problem that his father had missed a few minutes before. Like many people with communications disabilities, he is assumed to be profoundly retarded when in fact he has a very quick mind.
This sort of film could easily have become sentimental inspirational muck. In fact, it has more of the feel of Daniel Keyes's FLOWERS FOR ALGERNON. As Christy raises himself, his world perspective changes. At times he is not very likable and often he is manipulative. Where the story falls short of FLOWERS FOR ALGERNON is that it lacks the drama of the fall or that book's awe at intellectual achievement. And like the aborted stage version of FLOWERS FOR ALGERNON, the peak of Christy Brown's achievement is that he "gets the girl," nothing more profound. In spite of the film's apparent emphasis on the importance of Christy's love life, it is one of the better portraits of the life of the handicapped on film.
Daniel Day Lewis is good as the adult Christy, as has been noted by other reviewers. I have seen little credit given, however, to what I consider even better performances by Ray McAnally as Christy's swaggering, ruffian father and especially by Hugh O'Conor as the young Christy. At age 13, O'Conor turns in the best performance in a well-acted film. The screenplay was written by Shane Cunningham and the director, Jim Sheridan. My rating is a +2 on the -4 to +4 scale.
Mark R. Leeper att!mtgzx!leeper<EMAIL_ADDRESS>.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


---
sort_order: 161
tei_id: rdx_b5j2m.p.idm192464192
annotation_count: 0
images:
small-thumbnail: http://readux.library.emory.edu/books/emory:b5j2m/pages/emory:p78vf/mini-thumbnail/
json: http://readux.library.emory.edu/books/emory:b5j2m/pages/emory:p78vf/info/
full: http://readux.library.emory.edu/books/emory:b5j2m/pages/emory:p78vf/fs/
page: http://readux.library.emory.edu/books/emory:b5j2m/pages/emory:p78vf/single-page/
thumbnail: http://readux.library.emory.edu/books/emory:b5j2m/pages/emory:p78vf/thumbnail/
title: Page 161
number: 161
---
{% raw %}MRS. stowe's characters. 157{% endraw %}
{% raw %}system, were accustomed to hold meetings and con¬{% endraw %}
{% raw %}ventions for this purpose. I was constantly travel¬{% endraw %}
{% raw %}ling and doing all I could to help to change the-{% endraw %}
{% raw %}public sentiment at the North. I was in the vicinity{% endraw %}
{% raw %}of Andover, Mass., where Mrs. Harriet Beecher{% endraw %}
{% raw %}Stowe resided. She sent for me and my travelling{% endraw %}
{% raw %}companion, Mr. George Clark, a white gentleman,{% endraw %}
{% raw %}who had a fine voice for singing, and usually sang{% endraw %}
{% raw %}at my meetings to add to their interest. We went{% endraw %}
{% raw %}to Mrs. Stowe's house, and she was deeply interested{% endraw %}
{% raw %}in the storv of my life and misfortunes, and had me{% endraw %}
{% raw %}narrate its details to her. She said she was glad it{% endraw %}
{% raw %}had been published, and hoped it would be of great{% endraw %}
{% raw %}service, and would open the eyes of the people to the{% endraw %}
{% raw %}enormity of the crime of holding men in bondage.{% endraw %}
{% raw %}She manifested so much interest in me, that I told{% endraw %}
{% raw %}her about the peculiarities of many slaveholders, and{% endraw %}
{% raw %}the slaves in the region where I had lived for forty-{% endraw %}
{% raw %}two years. My experiences had been more varied{% endraw %}
{% raw %}than those of the majority of slaves, for I was not{% endraw %}
{% raw %}only my master's overseer, but a market-man for{% endraw %}
{% raw %}twenty-five years in the market at Washington,{% endraw %}
{% raw %}going there to sell the produce from my master's{% endraw %}
{% raw %}plantation.{% endraw %}
{% raw %}Soon after, Mrs. Stowe's remarkable book, " Uncle-{% endraw %}
{% raw %}Tom's Cabin," was published, and circulated in all{% endraw %}
{% raw %}parts of America, and read openly at the North,,{% endraw %}
{% raw %}stealthily at the South. Many thought that her state¬{% endraw %}
{% raw %}ments were exaggerations. She then published the{% endraw %}
{% raw %}key to the book to prove that it was impossible to{% endraw %}
{% raw %}exaggerate the enormities of slavery, and she therein{% endraw %}
{% raw %}gave many parallel cases, and referred to my pub-{% endraw %}
{% raw %}L{% endraw %}


--- title: Videos category: Features order: 726 ---
For video search results, click the link Videos under the search box.
If video search results are particularly relevant for your search, they will appear automatically. (e.g. gangnam style)
If you add the word videos to your search, video search results will appear automatically no matter the search. (e.g. ocean videos)
To expand the video search results, click the grid icon at the top right of the video search results. To then collapse the results, click the X icon at the top right of the results.
You can also use !bangs to search for videos using other websites right from the DuckDuckGo search box. There are !bangs for GameTrailers (!gametrailers), the Food Network (!foodnetwork), and the History Channel (!history). For example, !foodnetwork pizza would search for pizza on the Food Network's website. The full list of !bangs are on the !bang page.


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% load static from staticfiles %} {% block title %} Contact Me | Mohd Muthanna {% endblock %} {% block content %}
If you have any questions feel free to call me or send me an email
Also You can found me on Social Media or you can use this form to send me a message.


Sorting a list using JS
Type something to add to the list & Press Enter Key:
Click this button to sort the list
Unsorted List
Sorted List


Hi, I'm Peter, a Platform Engineer with over 10 years experience, based in Newcastle upon Tyne, England.
I currently hold the position of Principal Site Reliability Engineer at Bede Gaming, a supplier of software to the online gambling and social gaming industries.


Task content (from task page).
General information on the task.
An array containing the submissions sent now (from the API).
Task statistics.
An array containing previously sent submissions.
Extract information from task, and place it in a public field inside the task object.
An array containing the information to extract. (refer to the ExtractData type)
The promise resolves with the modified task object.
Get task content, and place them inside the Task.content
public field.
Get task statistics, and place them inside the Task.stats
public field.
Generated using TypeDoc
Class representing general information, statistics, content and submissions of a task


Our lab is looking for online participants for a 30 minutes long psychology study. To participate, you have to be at least 18 years old and not color blind. You will be paid 1.50$ for your participation. For the completion of this study you will need to have a US coin at hand.
This HIT is compatible only with Chrome or Firefox browsers.
Otherwise, please click the "Accept HIT" button on the Amazon site above to begin the task.
{% else %}Plese note: About 15% of personal computers are incompatible with this HIT, due to old hardware or overloaded set-up. Before the HIT begins, we will test for the correct display of images on your computer. If problems arise, we will ask you to return this HIT.
By clicking the following URL link, you will be taken to the study, including complete instructions and an informed consent agreement. Before doing so, you must confirm the following:
I hereby confirm that:
I am over 18 years old.
I have normal color vision.
I closed all other windows and tabs.
I am in a quiet environment.


| cnd_muffle {rlang} | R Documentation |
Unlike exiting()
handlers, calling()
handlers must be explicit
that they have handled a condition to stop it from propagating to
other handlers. Use cnd_muffle()
within a calling handler (or as
a calling handler, see examples) to prevent any other handlers from
being called for that condition.
cnd_muffle(cnd)
cnd |
A condition to muffle. |
If cnd
is mufflable, cnd_muffle()
jumps to the muffle
restart and doesn't return. Otherwise, it returns FALSE
.
Most conditions signalled by base R are muffable, although the name of the restart varies. cnd_muffle() will automatically call the correct restart for you. It is compatible with the following conditions:
warning
and message
conditions. In this case cnd_muffle()
is equivalent to base::suppressMessages()
and
base::suppressWarnings()
.
Bare conditions signalled with signal()
or cnd_signal()
. Note
that conditions signalled with base::signalCondition()
are not
mufflable.
Interrupts are sometimes signalled with a resume
restart on
recent R versions. When this is the case, you can muffle the
interrupt with cnd_muffle()
. Check if a restart is available
with base::findRestart("resume")
.
If you call cnd_muffle()
with a condition that is not mufflable
you will cause a new error to be signalled.
Errors are not mufflable since they are signalled in critical situations where execution cannot continue safely.
Conditions captured with base::tryCatch()
, with_handlers()
or
catch_cnd()
are no longer mufflable. Muffling restarts must
be called from a calling handler.
fn <- function() { inform("Beware!", "my_particular_msg") inform("On your guard!") "foobar" } # Let's install a muffling handler for the condition thrown by `fn()`. # This will suppress all `my_particular_wng` warnings but let other # types of warnings go through: with_handlers(fn(), my_particular_msg = calling(function(cnd) { inform("Dealt with this particular message") cnd_muffle(cnd) }) ) # Note how execution of `fn()` continued normally after dealing # with that particular message. # cnd_muffle() can also be passed to with_handlers() as a calling # handler: with_handlers(fn(), my_particular_msg = calling(cnd_muffle) )


Accessibility
Audio Examples
Audio Examples
One is to use recordings of humans saying the phonemes, another is for the computer to generate the phonemes itself by generating basic sound frequencies (a bit like a music synthesizer), and a third approach is to mimic the mechanism of the human voice.
As accessed 29 April 2019 from Explain That Stuff | Speech synthesizers | by Chris Woodford. Last updated: December 23, 2018.


Design Review: Dodge Demon (2007) | CarAdvice
During the 2000s, and well before the FCA Group era, Dodge toyed with the idea of a more affordable sports car to sit below the flagship and fearsome Dodge Viper.
The American company had already presented concept cars to fit that description, like the flashy Copperhead (1997), the smaller Razor (2002) and the rear-engined Slingshot (2004), but none of those vehicles reached production.
Thus, at the 2007 International Motor Show in Geneva, Dodge launched the Demon, a front-engined and rear-wheel-drive roadster, aimed to compete with the similarly sized Mazda (Miata) MX-5 NC (2005-2016), Saturn Sky/Opel GT (2006-2009) and Pontiac Solstice (2005-2009).
by Thanos Pappas
culture
Monday 11 November 2019
Design Review: Dodge Demon (2007)
A lightweight roadster designed to compete with the Mazda MX-5 that never went past the concept car stage.
Thanos Pappas
Contributor
The Dodge Demon was a fully working prototype, fitted with a four-cylinder 2.4-litre petrol engine producing 128kW of power and 224Nm of torque. Those numbers may not sound that impressive, but they gave the 1179kg car average performance figures for its segment, with a 0-97km/h acceleration time of 7.1 seconds and a top speed of 210km/h. A six speed manual gearbox sent power to the rear wheels, staying true to the original recipe of classic roadsters.
As described by lead exterior designer Jae Chung: “The exterior design is simple yet bold, featuring an energetic combination of curves and intersecting planes”.
 Two more intakes can be found on the body-coloured bumper extension, allowing for a clean look. The front-hinged hood featured two air outlets on either side of the central bulge, while its dynamic lines were a clear nod to the Viper.
The compact dimensions of the Demon (3974mm / 1736mm / 1315mm with a 2429mm wheelbase) were evident from its proportions, with the two-seater cabin taking up equal space with the front bonnet. A signature element was the unusual shape of the asymmetrical wheel arches, filled with the unique 19-inch rims.
Below the slightly rising beltline, was a dropping character line connecting the front wheel arches with the side intakes on the bulged rear fenders. Even though the car was front-engined, these intakes were functional, helping with the rear brake cooling.
The rear end featured one of the most beautiful designs from Dodge, thanks to its clean lines and surfaces. Although it was designed more than 12 years ago, it still looks modern and timeless today. The almost triangular-shaped tail-lights follow the lines of the muscular rear fenders, while dictating the shape of the central part, leading to the minimal twin trapezoidal tailpipes. The rear bumper was fully integrated with the rest of the body, giving the car an exotic look.
The design of the body was complemented by the Bright Amber Pearl paint that offered a rich contrast with the black frame of the windscreen and the aluminium elements in the cabin.
According to the lead interior designer, Dan Zimmermann, the goal for the cabin was to keep it simple and functional, focusing only on those elements that mattered for the driving experience.
The horizontal strip on the dashboard made of brushed aluminium (reminiscent of the similar looking plastic part in the MX-5) emphasised the width of the cabin. It housed the instrument cluster with watch-inspired gauges, four circular climate vents and a CD/radio unit with physical knobs.
Underneath the climate controls, the central tunnel was also finished in aluminium, sporting a physical handbrake, a manual shifter for the six-speed gearbox, a few buttons and switches as well as two cupholders - although we are sceptical on how they would have worked in that position.
The three-spoke steering wheel looked sporty enough however we cannot say the same for the seats that could definitely use more pronounced bolsters (Dodge stated this design was intentional to allow easier ingress and egress). The carbon-fibre seat shells were a nice touch though, matching with the roll bars fashioned from carbon-fibre and aluminium.
Simply, there was no sophisticated technology or flashy colour combinations for this concept which looked like a production-ready real deal.
So, what happened next?
It was clear from the start the Demon was not a design study but a valid concept aimed for production. The projected price would be around US$15,000 back in 2007, and the car could be offered in both the US and Europe, as demand for affordable roadsters was still strong.
Unfortunately, the financial troubles of Chrysler which was sold from parent company Daimler to Cerberus, in combination with bad management decisions, didn’t allow further development of the Demon.
In 2008, one year its launch in Geneva, Dodge revealed its plans to resurrect the roadster, this time on a front-wheel-drive platform borrowed from the Chinese automaker, Chery. This scenario didn’t materialise either, and the situation was made worse for the American company with the outbreak of the financial crisis and the market collapse that led to Chrysler’s bankruptcy.
In 2009, Fiat came into play and rumours surfaced the Demon could be developed alongside the successor for the Alfa Romeo Spider, although later on it was confirmed the new Alfa would share the platform with the Mazda MX-5.
Finally, in 2014 and under the FCA (Fiat Chrysler Automobiles) control, plans for a new Alfa Romeo roadster were scrapped. Instead, Fiat announced the 124 Spider which shared its platform with the fourth generation (ND) Mazda MX-5.
Even though the roadster never reached production, the Demon nameplate was later used on the limited edition Challenger SRT Demon (2017) - the fastest accelerating non-electric production car and the most powerful version of Dodge’s muscle car with 626kW.
Verdict
The Dodge Demon was a well designed concept that looked ready for production. Had it received the green light, it could have become an aggressive looking affordable roadster, opening a new segment for Dodge.
The engineering department could have produced a capable competitor for the Mazda MX-5, while a possible SRT version would be ideal for performance-hungry petrolheads and tuners alike.
However, we also have to consider the worst case scenario - a production version based on a Chinese-sourced FWD platform, with tamed looks and cheap plastics - something that regardless of price and affordability, wouldn’t have been fitting for a car like this.
In any case, the reality is that the popularity of affordable roadsters has been on a steady decline over the last decade (besides the Mazda MX-5 which still holds its crown and market), so from a numbers point of view, the decision to leave the Demon as a concept, might just have been the right decision.
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Design Review: Dodge Demon (2007)


sts_zoo.animals
LLTFactory
A local linear trend (LLT) factory.
The generative model for programs created by this factory is
\[\begin{aligned} l_t &= l_{t - 1} + \mathrm{loc}_t + \mathrm{scale\_local}_t w^l_t,\ l_0 = \mathrm{ic\_local} \\ z_t &= z_{t - 1} + l_t + \mathrm{scale\_level}_t w^z_t,\ z_0 = \mathrm{ic\_level}, \end{aligned}\]where \(w^\cdot_t \sim \mathrm{Normal}(0, 1)\), \(t_0 \leq t \leq t_1\).
Args:
loc (Block || torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: location parameterscale_local (Block || torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: scale parameter for \(l_t\)scale_level (Block || torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: scale parameter for \(z_t\)ic_local (torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: initial condition for \(l_t\)ic_level (torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: initial condition for \(z_t\)make
Creates a new LLT model. The sites in the created model are guaranteed to be unique.
Args:
None
ModelFactory
Abstract base class for all model factories. Ensures unique ids for each component of each generated model, and encapsulates model generation through make
method.
make
Abstract method to be overridden. Calling .make()
should create a new stsb3
model with guaranteed unique site names.
SGTFactory
A seasonal + global trend (SGT) factory.
The generative model for programs created by this factory is
\[\begin{aligned} l_t &= \alpha_t + \beta_t l_{t-1} + \mathrm{scale\_local}_t w_t \\ g_t &= a + bt \\ s_t &= \theta_{t \mathrm{mod} s},\ s=1,...,\mathrm{num\_seasons}\\ z_t &= s_t + g_t + l_t, \end{aligned}\]where \(w_t \sim \mathrm{Normal}(0, 1)\), \(t_0 \leq t \leq t_1\), and \(\mathrm{num\_seasons}\) is the number of discrete seasons.
Args:
alpha (Block || torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: intercept parameter of \(l_t\)beta (Block || torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: slope parameter of \(l_t\)a (Block || torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
intercept parameter of \(g_t\)b (Block || torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
slope parameter of \(g_t\)num_seasons (int)
: \(\geq 2\) integer number of seasons, defaults to 2seasons (torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
season valuesscale_local (Block || torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: scale parameter for \(l_t\)scale_level (Block || torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: scale parameter for \(z_t\)ic_level (torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: initial condition for \(z_t\)make
Creates a new SGT model. The sites in the created model are guaranteed to be unique.
Args:
None
SLLTFactory
A semi-local linear trend (SLLT) factory.
The generative model for programs created by this factory is
\[\begin{aligned} l_t &= \alpha_t + \beta_t l_{t-1} + \mathrm{scale\_local}_t w^l_t \\ z_t &= z_{t - 1} + l_t + \mathrm{scale\_level}_t w^z_t,\ z_0 = \mathrm{ic\_level}, \end{aligned}\]where \(w^\cdot_t \sim \mathrm{Normal}(0, 1)\), \(t_0 \leq t \leq t_1\).
Args:
alpha (Block || torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: intercept parameter of \(l_t\)beta (Block || torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: slope parameter of \(l_t\)scale_local (Block || torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: scale parameter for \(l_t\)scale_level (Block || torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: scale parameter for \(z_t\)ic_level (torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: initial condition for \(z_t\)make
Creates a new SLLT model. The sites in the created model are guaranteed to be unique.
Args:
None
StochVolFactory
A stochastic volatility model factory.
This is a model for the log of an asset price \(S_t\). Define \(z_t = \log S_t\). The generative model for programs created by this factory is
\[\begin{aligned} \mathrm{isp}\ \sigma_t &= \mathrm{isp}\ \sigma_{t - 1} + \mathrm{d}t_t\ \mathrm{loc\_ispvol}_t\ + \sqrt{\mathrm{d}t_t}\ \mathrm{scale\_ispvol}_t\ w^{\mathrm{isp}\sigma}_t,\ l_0 = \mathrm{ic\_logvol} \\ z_t &= z_{t - 1} + \mathrm{d}t_t\mathrm{loc}_t + \sqrt{\mathrm{d}t_t}\sigma_t w^z_t,\ z_0 = \mathrm{ic}, \end{aligned}\]where \(w^\cdot_t \sim \mathrm{Normal}(0, 1)\), \(t_0 \leq t \leq t_1\), and \(\mathrm{isp}\) is the inverse softplus function, \(\mathrm{isp}(y) = \log(-1 + \exp y)\).
Args:
dt (Block || torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: time discretization. If a pyro.distributions
object, it should be an atomless distribution with non-negative support and will be interpreted as \(p(dt) = \prod_{t_0\leq t\leq t_1} p(dt_t)\), not as a single draw. Passing a distributions object can be a useful method for modeling jump-y asset prices (e.g., \(p(dt_t) = \mathrm{Gamma}(dt_t | \alpha, \beta)\) generates the variance gamma process). However, doing this also makes the model non-identifiable in the scale parameter(s).loc_ispvol (Block || torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: location parameter of the isp volatility processvol_ispvol (Block || torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: scale/volatility parameter of the isp volatility processic_ispvol (torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: initial condition of the isp_volatility processscale_level (Block || torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: scale parameter for \(z_t\)loc (Block || torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: location parameter for the log asset price process.ic (torch.tensor || pyro.distributions)
: initial condition for the log asset price processmake
Creates a new StochVol model. The sites in the created model are guaranteed to be unique.
Args:
None


Live Editor – Quick Start – Tools – Libraries – Example Code – Resources – Highlighters
Hello, friends! It seems that Hacker News found this website.
The project you're looking for is called "JSSM," which has been public for a long time. This is my
remake under a new name, which hasn't yet gone public. I just bought the domain because I'm tired of
squatters eating my hobbies.
The thing I hope you'll look at instead is the main imlementation of this language,
JSSM). This site is for
the language, and
the language is the upcoming evolution of the machine, written with standards,
with a book, and
so on; I'm pretty happy about that, but in the meantime, I haven't finished the standardization
process yet.
⇒
JSSM ⇐ , the implementation, has been public for years. Have a look there; it's ready to go.
Finite State Language, or FSL (pronounced "fossil,") is a programming language to make complex Finite State Machines easy to create and maintain. Finite State Machines can help make your code simpler, easier to test, more provable, and easier to reason about.
FSL ships with full Javascript tooling in es6 modules and commonjs es5, including visualization, with full support for node and the browser. FSL has 100% test coverage. FSL is free.
Support for C and Erlang is under development. MIT-licensed contributions are welcome.
All quick start items have the same content as text, as a video, and as in-browser live example code, because different people learn different ways.
- Lightning start: Let's make a traffic light in FSL
- Understanding the job: What is a state machine? Why bother?
- Understanding the tool: What is FSL? Why an entire programming language for this?
- Support tools:
- What is the state machine library for?
- What is the flowcharter for?
- What is the live editor for?
- What is the on-web viewer for?
- What is the linter for?
- FSL and other languages:
- Is FSL useful outside of other languages?
- How do I get started with FSL and Javascript?
- How do I get started with FSL and SQL?
- How do I get started with FSL and Unity3d C#?
- jssm, a Javascript state machine library which interprets and executes FSL
- jssm-viz, a library for rendering flowcharts from your state machines
- fslp, an FSL parser
- fsl-pegjs, an FSL packrat grammar in peg.js
| Machine Name |
Image |
Traffic Light |
(pic link) |
[States of Matter(#todo) |
(pic link) |
[Extensive States of Matter(#todo) |
(pic link) |
[Who's On First(#todo) |
(pic link) |


| 1 | package fr.sii.ogham.core.condition.provider; | |
| 2 | ||
| 3 | import fr.sii.ogham.core.condition.Condition; | |
| 4 | ||
| 5 | /** | |
| 6 | * Simple provider that always provide the same condition. | |
| 7 | * | |
| 8 | * @author Aurélien Baudet | |
| 9 | * | |
| 10 | * @param <T> | |
| 11 | * the type of the object handled by the provider | |
| 12 | * @param <C> | |
| 13 | * the type of the object under conditions | |
| 14 | */ | |
| 15 | public class StaticConditionProvider<T, C> implements ConditionProvider<T, C> { | |
| 16 | private final Condition<C> condition; | |
| 17 | ||
| 18 | /** | |
| 19 | * Initializes with the fixed condition that will always be returned when | |
| 20 | * calling {@link #provide(Object)}. | |
| 21 | * | |
| 22 | * @param condition | |
| 23 | * the condition to always use | |
| 24 | */ | |
| 25 | public StaticConditionProvider(Condition<C> condition) { | |
| 26 | super(); | |
| 27 | this.condition = condition; | |
| 28 | } | |
| 29 | ||
| 30 | @Override | |
| 31 | public Condition<C> provide(T source) { | |
| 32 |
1
1. provide : All methods instructions replaced by: return null; → NO_COVERAGE |
return condition; |
| 33 | } | |
| 34 | ||
| 35 | } | |
Mutations | ||
| 32 |
1.1 |


class Tip
extends java.lang.Object
| Modifier and Type | Field and Description |
|---|---|
private java.util.Map<Tip,java.lang.Integer> |
adjs
Adjacencies mapping.
|
private java.lang.String |
characterName
The name of the character that "owns" the tip.
|
(package private) static java.util.HashSet<Tip> |
explored
For printing components of the graph.
|
private static int |
i
An id counter.
|
private java.lang.String |
id
A unique identifier for the tip.
|
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
Tip(java.lang.String characterName)
Builds new tip for character name.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
static int |
addSat(int a,
int b)
Does saturating addition.
|
boolean |
belongsTo(java.lang.String name)
Checks if the tip is owned by a certain character.
|
Tip |
branch()
Builds a new tip branching directly from the current tip.
|
Tip |
branch(int maxDelay)
Builds a new tip branching directly from the current tip.
|
void |
cause(Tip other,
int maxDelay)
Builds an edge from one tip to any other.
|
void |
dbgPrint()
Prints in DFS order the connected component of the current tip.
|
static void |
doBellmanFord(Tip start,
java.util.Map<Tip,java.lang.Integer> distances)
Executes the Bellman-Ford algorithm to find longest paths from a source
node.
|
static void |
doSearch(Tip start,
java.util.function.Predicate<Tip> filter,
java.util.function.Consumer<Tip> action)
Does a breadth-first search from a source node.
|
private static java.lang.String |
getId()
Pulls new ids to represent new tips.
|
boolean |
isEmpty()
Checks if tip is a sink (i.e., has no outgoing edges).
|
java.lang.String |
toString() |
private static int i
dbgPrint()
static java.util.HashSet<Tip> explored
dbgPrint()
private java.lang.String id
toString()
.private java.lang.String characterName
private java.util.Map<Tip,java.lang.Integer> adjs
Tip(java.lang.String characterName)
characterName
- the name of the character "owning" the tip.private static java.lang.String getId()
public static void doSearch(Tip start, java.util.function.Predicate<Tip> filter, java.util.function.Consumer<Tip> action)
start
- the source node.filter
- a predicate including nodes in the search (except start).action
- an action to be executed with each node found (including
start).public static void doBellmanFord(Tip start, java.util.Map<Tip,java.lang.Integer> distances)
start
- the tip to start the search from.distances
- an already populated map that stores maximum distances.public static int addSat(int a, int b)
a
- first numberb
- second numberpublic Tip branch()
#branch(long)
public Tip branch(int maxDelay)
maxDelay
- the maximum delay acceptable.branch()
public void cause(Tip other, int maxDelay)
other
- another tip.maxDelay
- the maximum delay acceptable.public boolean isEmpty()
public boolean belongsTo(java.lang.String name)
name
- the character's name.public void dbgPrint()
public java.lang.String toString()
toString
in class java.lang.Object


Habitat
Originally from the Kanto region. Also found in Joto and Sinnoh. Rattata is an amazingly tenacious and hardy Pokemon, she can adapt to life in any conditions, but prefers to live on the plains among dense grass, where there is food. Most of their lives they are engaged in looking for food for themselves. If you see one Rattata somewhere, you can be sure that somewhere around there are forty more. Rattats are fertile at great speed and in large numbers, because they are small and it is difficult for them to fight alone for their lives with powerful predators. The Alolian form lives only on Alol.


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using SB Admin v2.0 theme
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Really bad days
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This is Words and Buttons Online — a collection of interactive #tutorials, #demos, and #quizzes about #mathematics, #algorithms and #programming.
Floating-point numbers are fine. They are decently designed and well standardized, they provide a good compromise between performance and precision. They work great most of the time. Until the day when they suddenly don't and nobody knows why.
For me, that day came when I encountered a bug in the Taubin estimator. Taubin smoothing takes a triangle mesh, a pair of magic numbers called λ and μ, a little time to think, and it makes the input mesh smooth. It also makes sure that the mesh isn't reduced to a perfectly smooth but rather uninteresting sphere or a point.
The first magic number λ is something between 0 and 1. When it's 0 — nothing happens at all, and when it's 1 — nothing good happens either. It should be somewhere in between. Nobody really knows how to pick this number but an experienced engineer can at least make an educated guess.
The second magic number governs shrinkage compensation. It's a negative number slightly greater than λ in its absolute value. Nobody knows how to pick it either but this time even an educated guess is a challenge.
That's why you need an estimator. Something that picks the μ for you. And we have one. And it was bugged. And I was the one to fix it.
The first day of the investigation showed that the estimator is in fact entirely correct. The second day of the investigation showed that the tests covering the bug are correct just as well. The third day of the investigation brought a promising hypothesis that the whole story is just a bad dream and all it takes to solve the mystery is to wake up. The fourth morning killed that hypothesis and left me completely clueless.
Luckily I have a friend who is smarter than me and he advised to fuzz the input a little and see what happens then. I did. And something happened. The bug didn't go away but the μ changed a lot. Way unproportionally to the small changes in the input. Fascinating!
We can expect a computation to work with some error. It's fine, we get input data from sensors and they embed some error, to begin with. We print out our finished models, and the printers have some limited precision as well so a small error doesn't upset anyone. It's all good while the error is small. But what if it isn't?
As it turns out, in my case, a completely correct algorithm had a computational error of about 1. Not 1e-16 or 1e-5 but 1. Just 1. So if you expect your μ to be somewhat close to -0.7, and the estimator says it's 0.3, it is in fact correct. It is still a correct estimation within its error range.
Correct but entirely useless.
Ok, so it's not the computational error per se that causes trouble but only the unexpected and unpredictable error. Can we predict it though?
Well, of course, we can. There is a whole field of numerical error analysis for that but let's be honest, most of the time we use our intuition instead. So how good is our intuition exactly?
I propose a game to find out. Let's take a cubic equation solver. It's a relatively complex computation with a very simple way to validate its precision. We will pick some roots first and then we will generate the cubic equation for these roots. Then we'll make the cubic solver find our roots back through the computation. The difference between the original and the computed value for each root will be our measurable error. This error divided by the original value will be our relative error.
Here is the exact code for the experiment. It's also available on GitHub.
Now if we pick our roots as 1, 2, and 3, the equation produced will be:
(x - 1) (x - 2) (x - 3) = 0
Expanding the brackets we get this:
x3 - 6x2 + 11x - 6 = 0
And when we run our solver we get:
x = 1, x = 2, x = 3
Well, yes. On the equation this simple there is no error whatsoever. The computation works flawlessly. So let's start making it worse.
The slider below lets you pick an interval in the logarithmic scale. The interval may start at 10-12 and end at 1012. It's impossible to predict the exact error up to a single number so you should just pick an appropriate interval that covers the error*.
Let's say we have the roots of 0.001, 2, 3 000. So to which interval, in your opinion, the maximum relative error for a cubic solver belongs?
Now let's make our roots even more diverse in magnitude. How about 1e-6, 2, and 3e6?
Where do you think the error might be?
And what about 1e-9, 2, and 3e9?
It's not the error per se that is bad. Error is omnipresent. Every measuring device has its error, every 3D printer and every milling machine has its maximal precision. The error is fine.
It's only the unpredictability that makes it unpleasant.
People address errors in multiple ways. In metrology, a measured value is supplemented with its absolute error. You don't say that the temperature outside is 10°, you say it's 10° ± 0.5°. This might seem redundant since this is a small error for the weather outside, but in some other context, this very error might become significant. If you're measuring body temperature, a 1-degree difference is enough to tell a sick person from a perfectly healthy one. You can not afford a whole 1-degree error in this scenario.
If you have this input error written down, you can pull it through your computation to see if the resulting error is still tolerable. To do that, you need to exchange your measured numbers for intervals. A number with error becomes an interval: 10° ± 0.5° becomes [9.5, 10.5]°.
You can sum these intervals just as you add numbers:
+
=
You can multiply them as well.
×
=
So with intervals, you can accommodate the input error. You can drag it through the computation and see how it plays with other values with their own error. In the end, you will have your computed value within some interval and the size of this interval will indicate the output error. But what about the error of the computation itself?
A computational error occurs when we can't store the operation result in the same types we keep our operands in and we're forced to throw some data away. Let's say we have Python-style “unlimited” length integers. This means that if our computation only consists of addition, subtraction, and multiplication, we would never face any computational error.
Of course, with division, things get a little bit different. E. g. we can't store
We can use pairs of integers to represent rational numbers. This will solve the division issue. However, this type of rational number, while does not accumulate errors, accumulates digits. The more digits it has, the slower the computation goes. At some point, it may simply become impractically slow. Just like with the uncontrollable error, uncontrollable size becomes an issue.
We want a compromise. Some entity that grows error controllably yet still operates in constant speed. And we can get it, for example, by merging two ideas: intervals and rational numbers together.
Let's say, we want to write a number as an interval of its tenths. We can do that most intuitively by throwing away all the digits after the first one.
| ≤ | ≤ |
Just like we can do this with decimal fraction, we can do this with any rational number. We can put it between a pair of rational numbers made by finite integers. In this case, every integer is in the range [0, 1, ..., 99].
| ≤ | ≤ | |||
Ok, this is not entirely true. If the number is greater than 99, then we can't really store it in our tiny rationals but we can say that it's larger than 99 by assigning the 0 divisor to its upper bound. Of course, it's just a dirty hack but let's leave it like that.
Now if we want to accommodate both input error and computational error, all we have to do is to represent an input interval in its finite rational numbers. A finite rational lower bound of this interval and a finite rational upper bound of the same interval.
| ≤ | ≤ | ≤ | ||||
This entity — a pair of finite rational bounds, represents a real number along with both its input error and representational error. It also grows computational error explicitly while the size of the entity remains constant.
The implementation example is available on GitHub. Please note that it's just a proof of concept and not the best possible solution in terms of neither error minimization nor speed.
The computational error may become a problem at the least appropriate moment. Both rational numbers and intervals are well-known alternatives for floating-point numbers when the error becomes an issue.
Rational bounds, being a chimeric product of both ideas, let you manage both measurement error and computational error in a coherent way without compromising performance all that much.
A library for arbitrary size floating-point numbers: LibBF Library.
Implementations of fixed-point numbers in C and in Ada.
On interval arithmetic: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interval_arithmetic.
On universal numbers and Posits in particular: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unum_(number_format).
On surreal numbers: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surreal_number.
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(#) Immutable collections should ideally be used in Composables
!!! WARNING: Immutable collections should ideally be used in Composables
This is a warning.
Id
: `ComposeUnstableCollections`
Summary
: Immutable collections should ideally be used in Composables
Severity
: Warning
Category
: Productivity
Platform
: Any
Vendor
: slack
Identifier
: com.slack.lint.compose:compose-lints
Feedback
: https://github.com/slackhq/compose-lints/issues
Min
: Lint 8.0 and 8.1
Compiled
: Lint 8.0 and 8.1
Artifact
: [com.slack.lint.compose:compose-lint-checks](com_slack_lint_compose_compose-lint-checks.md.html)
Affects
: Kotlin and Java files and test sources
Editing
: This check runs on the fly in the IDE editor
Implementation
: [Source Code](https://github.com/slackhq/compose-lints/tree/main/compose-lint-checks/src/main/java/slack/lint/compose/UnstableCollectionsDetector.kt)
Tests
: [Source Code](https://github.com/slackhq/compose-lints/tree/main/compose-lint-checks/src/test/java/slack/lint/compose/UnstableCollectionsDetectorTest.kt)
Copyright Year
: 2023
This is replaced when reported.
(##) Example
Here is an example of lint warnings produced by this check:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~text
src/test.kt:2:Warning: The Compose Compiler cannot infer the stability
of a parameter if a Collection is used in it, even if the item
type is stable.
You should use Kotlinx Immutable Collections instead: a:
ImmutableCollection or create an @Immutable wrapper for this
class: @Immutable data class ACollection(val items: Collection)
See
https://slackhq.github.io/compose-lints/rules/#avoid-using-unstable-collections
for more information. [ComposeUnstableCollections]
fun Something(a: Collection<String>) {}
------------------
src/test.kt:4:Warning: The Compose Compiler cannot infer the stability
of a parameter if a List is used in it, even if the item type is
stable.
You should use Kotlinx Immutable Collections instead: a:
ImmutableList or create an @Immutable wrapper for this class:
@Immutable data class AList(val items: List)
See
https://slackhq.github.io/compose-lints/rules/#avoid-using-unstable-collections
for more information. [ComposeUnstableCollections]
fun Something(a: List<String>) {}
------------
src/test.kt:6:Warning: The Compose Compiler cannot infer the stability
of a parameter if a Set is used in it, even if the item type is
stable.
You should use Kotlinx Immutable Collections instead: a:
ImmutableSet or create an @Immutable wrapper for this class:
@Immutable data class ASet(val items: Set)
See
https://slackhq.github.io/compose-lints/rules/#avoid-using-unstable-collections
for more information. [ComposeUnstableCollections]
fun Something(a: Set<String>) {}
-----------
src/test.kt:8:Warning: The Compose Compiler cannot infer the stability
of a parameter if a Map is used in it, even if the item
type is stable.
You should use Kotlinx Immutable Collections instead: a:
ImmutableMap or create an @Immutable wrapper for this
class: @Immutable data class AMap(val items: Map)
See
https://slackhq.github.io/compose-lints/rules/#avoid-using-unstable-collections
for more information. [ComposeUnstableCollections]
fun Something(a: Map<String, Int>) {}
----------------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Here is the source file referenced above:
`src/test.kt`:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~kotlin linenumbers
@Composable
fun Something(a: Collection) {}
@Composable
fun Something(a: List) {}
@Composable
fun Something(a: Set) {}
@Composable
fun Something(a: Map) {}
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
You can also visit the
[source code](https://github.com/slackhq/compose-lints/tree/main/compose-lint-checks/src/test/java/slack/lint/compose/UnstableCollectionsDetectorTest.kt)
for the unit tests for this check to see additional scenarios.
The above example was automatically extracted from the first unit test
found for this lint check, `UnstableCollectionsDetector.warnings when a Composable has a Collection List Set Map parameter`.
To report a problem with this extracted sample, visit
https://github.com/slackhq/compose-lints/issues.
(##) Including
!!!
This is not a built-in check. To include it, add the below dependency
to your project. This lint check is included in the lint documentation,
but the Android team may or may not agree with its recommendations.
```
// build.gradle.kts
lintChecks("com.slack.lint.compose:compose-lint-checks:1.2.0")
// build.gradle
lintChecks 'com.slack.lint.compose:compose-lint-checks:1.2.0'
// build.gradle.kts with version catalogs:
lintChecks(libs.compose-lint-checks)
# libs.versions.toml
[versions]
compose-lint-checks = "1.2.0"
[libraries]
compose-lint-checks = {
module = "com.slack.lint.compose:compose-lint-checks",
version.ref = "compose-lint-checks"
}
```
1.2.0 is the version this documentation was generated from;
there may be newer versions available.
[Additional details about com.slack.lint.compose:compose-lint-checks](com_slack_lint_compose_compose-lint-checks.md.html).
(##) Suppressing
You can suppress false positives using one of the following mechanisms:
* Using a suppression annotation like this on the enclosing
element:
```kt
// Kotlin
@Suppress("ComposeUnstableCollections")
fun method() {
problematicStatement()
}
```
or
```java
// Java
@SuppressWarnings("ComposeUnstableCollections")
void method() {
problematicStatement();
}
```
* Using a suppression comment like this on the line above:
```kt
//noinspection ComposeUnstableCollections
problematicStatement()
```
* Using a special `lint.xml` file in the source tree which turns off
the check in that folder and any sub folder. A simple file might look
like this:
```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<lint>
<issue id="ComposeUnstableCollections" severity="ignore" />
</lint>
```
Instead of `ignore` you can also change the severity here, for
example from `error` to `warning`. You can find additional
documentation on how to filter issues by path, regular expression and
so on
[here](https://googlesamples.github.io/android-custom-lint-rules/usage/lintxml.md.html).
* In Gradle projects, using the DSL syntax to configure lint. For
example, you can use something like
```gradle
lintOptions {
disable 'ComposeUnstableCollections'
}
```
In Android projects this should be nested inside an `android { }`
block.
* For manual invocations of `lint`, using the `--ignore` flag:
```
$ lint --ignore ComposeUnstableCollections ...`
```
* Last, but not least, using baselines, as discussed
[here](https://googlesamples.github.io/android-custom-lint-rules/usage/baselines.md.html).


The finals schedule is now marked with "finals" and "asynchronous" badges.
The staff list is now alphabetically ordered by the teacher's preferred last name, which is determined from their email. For example, Sra. Medina is now listed after Srta. Barrios.


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Service Controllers¶
As your PrestoPHP application grows, you may wish to begin organizing your controllers in a more formal fashion. PrestoPHP can use controller classes out of the box, but with a bit of work, your controllers can be created as services, giving you the full power of dependency injection and lazy loading.
Why would I want to do this?¶
Dependency Injection over Service Location
Using this method, you can inject the actual dependencies required by your controller and gain total inversion of control, while still maintaining the lazy loading of your controllers and its dependencies. Because your dependencies are clearly defined, they are easily mocked, allowing you to test your controllers in isolation.
Framework Independence
Using this method, your controllers start to become more independent of the framework you are using. Carefully crafted, your controllers will become reusable with multiple frameworks. By keeping careful control of your dependencies, your controllers could easily become compatible with PrestoPHP, Symfony (full stack) and Drupal, to name just a few.
Parameters¶
There are currently no parameters for the ServiceControllerServiceProvider
.
Services¶
There are no extra services provided, the ServiceControllerServiceProvider
simply extends the existing resolver service.
Registering¶
$app->register(new PrestoPHP\Provider\ServiceControllerServiceProvider());
Usage¶
In this slightly contrived example of a blog API, we’re going to change the
/posts.json
route to use a controller, that is defined as a service.
use PrestoPHP\Application;
use Demo\Repository\PostRepository;
$app = new Application();
$app['posts.repository'] = function() {
return new PostRepository;
};
$app->get('/posts.json', function() use ($app) {
return $app->json($app['posts.repository']->findAll());
});
Rewriting your controller as a service is pretty simple, create a Plain Ol’ PHP
Object with your PostRepository
as a dependency, along with an
indexJsonAction
method to handle the request. Although not shown in the
example below, you can use type hinting and parameter naming to get the
parameters you need, just like with standard PrestoPHP routes.
If you are a TDD/BDD fan (and you should be), you may notice that this
controller has well defined responsibilities and dependencies, and is easily
tested/specced. You may also notice that the only external dependency is on
Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\JsonResponse
, meaning this controller could
easily be used in a Symfony (full stack) application, or potentially with other
applications or frameworks that know how to handle a Symfony/HttpFoundation
Response
object.
namespace Demo\Controller;
use Demo\Repository\PostRepository;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\JsonResponse;
class PostController
{
protected $repo;
public function __construct(PostRepository $repo)
{
$this->repo = $repo;
}
public function indexJsonAction()
{
return new JsonResponse($this->repo->findAll());
}
}
And lastly, define your controller as a service in the application, along with your route. The syntax in the route definition is the name of the service, followed by a single colon (:), followed by the method name.
$app['posts.controller'] = function() use ($app) {
return new PostController($app['posts.repository']);
};
$app->get('/posts.json', "posts.controller:indexJsonAction");
In addition to using classes for service controllers, you can define any callable as a service in the application to be used for a route.
namespace Demo\Controller;
use Demo\Repository\PostRepository;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\JsonResponse;
function postIndexJson(PostRepository $repo) {
return function() use ($repo) {
return new JsonResponse($repo->findAll());
};
}
And when defining your route, the code would look like the following:
$app['posts.controller'] = function($app) {
return Demo\Controller\postIndexJson($app['posts.repository']);
};
$app->get('/posts.json', 'posts.controller');


Small Project 1: Ape Teeth
Due date: Mar. 17 by the end of the day (11:59:59 pm)
Introduction
In this small project, you will think of conceptual questions to ask of a data set of ape teeth measurements and create plots to answer those questions.
Description of the data
- Download: - ape_teeth.csv
- Data source: http://anthropologicaldata.free.fr/
Columns
- Species: ape species the tooth belongs to, including:
- Gorilla gorilla (Western gorilla)
- Pan troglodytes (Common chimpanzee)
- Pongo pygmaeus (Bornean orangutan)
- Site: where specimen is located
- Specimen: specimen ID number
- Sex: Male or Female
- Source: where data come from
- Tooth: name of tooth (see below). Possible values are I1, I2, C, P3, P4, M1, M2, and M3.
- ToothClass: Incisor, Canine, Premolar, or Molar
- Side: Left or Right
- Position: Superior (“upper jaw”) or Inferior (“lower jaw”)
- MD: Mesiodistal crown diameter in mm (how “broad” the tooth is).
- BL: Buccolinual crown diameter in mm (how “thick” the tooth is along the cheek–tongue axis).
Note that there are no crown cervico-occlusal (“height”) measurements in the data .
The following short fact sheets about these great apes provide general information about diet, social organization, and mating system. These may or may not be helpful for formulating your questions.
Instructions
Content Instructions
- Think of three (and only three!) conceptual questions about the ape teeth data. To help guide your thinking here, consider how individuals vary both within and between species, and think about what the different kinds of teeth do for different individual animals.
- Clearly state each question in your report. You might want to create different sections for your different questions.
- Using
ggplot2
, create at least one plot for each question that helps you to answer the question. For each plot, provide an explanation for why you chose the type of plot (e.g. scatterplot, boxplot, bar chart, histogram, etc.), and why you believe that it is best for showing the information related to your question. - You must use at least three different primary geoms.
- Answer your questions by interpreting your plots and identifying any trends that they reveal (or do not reveal).
- In total, your text related to the conceptual questions, plot design decisions, and interpretation should be in the neighborhood of 1000 words.
Formatting Instructions
- The project report should essentially look similar to some of our class activities, but it should include more narrative/explanation along with the code and plots.
- Please create your report in an R markdown file called
small-project-1_XX.Rmd
, where you substitute your initials for “XX” (for example, my report would be calledsmall-project-1_FC.Rmd
. - The R Markdown report should show all of the code that you used to work with the data and produce your plots.
- Submit your report (in
.html
format) through Blackboard.
Evaluation Criteria
Projects will be graded on workflow and presentation rather than particular conclusions. So don’t worry if you ask a question that fails to turn up interesting results! The data are what they are.
To receive full credit, I am looking for:
- Clear, coherent questions about the data. Questions end in a question mark!
- The questions should be conceptual, and should not prompt a specific analysis or plot.
- Each plot that you include in the report should help to answer one of your proposed questions, with a justification for why you chose to make the type of plot that you made. I am not looking for a dumping ground of many preliminary or poor-quality plots that you experimented with while trying to make a good one.
- Interpretation of your plots and responses to your proposed question.
- Statistical analysis is not necessary or expected. Just interpret your plots.


Steve Smith
test2
Address1
Address2
Address3
TownCity
PostCode
Application number: 12334
Date: 13 January 2017
Dear Steve Smith,
Grant Offer Letter
Competition: Steps to the future
Project Title: <Time Machine> & "Teleportation"
We are pleased to confirm your grant, subject to our terms and conditions.
Your individual grant allocations are detailed in the Annexes. These allocations are final and not subject to further negotiation or amendment.
Any additional terms or conditions of this award are included with this grant offer letter.
Acceptance: Start and end dates
You must now notify Innovate UK of the project’s start and end dates by completing, signing and returning the Annex to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Your award will be withdrawn if you do not confirm your start date within 31 calendar days of this letter. Any costs incurred prior to that start date will be ineligible for grant.
Your approved project start and end dates can only be changed by submitting a request through your Monitoring Officer.
We wish you every success with your project.
Yours sincerely
Peter Hollinswaite
Head of Post-Award
Application number: 12334
Date: 13 January 2017
Innovate UK: Steps to the future
Project Title: <Time Machine> & "Teleportation"
I accept the offer on behalf of the project, set out in the grant offer letter and in the schedules attached. I make the following declarations:


--- layout: compress --- {% include head.html %} {% include header.html %} {% include sidebar-left.html %} {% include content.html %} {% include sidebar-right.html %} {% include footer.html %}


I'm Sophie Popova. I live my bohemian life in Los Angels and I'm nasty. So, I sign my works with the alias "Nasty Bohemia" to avoid confusion. Mostly I do something on my laptop, but I also make movies, write lyrics (coming soon) and let ppl take pictures of me. Sometimes to do so I travel to New York.
All I know I learned in the color correction & video editing classes, reading manuals, attending conferences, in the film school and simply because I was always bored as a kid.
Many people think that if they know a shortcut for the razor tool or how to add contrast to the flat image they can call themselves a post-production artist. I value that the project should be properly organized, so, everyone is able to understand what's going on. I'd never name a file "project name_final_final". When it comes to creative part I'm looking for unique creative solutions and not trying to create teal-orange-one-thousand.
I do post-production work like video editing, color correction or motion graphics which falls under the categories of movies, music videos, promo content. I carry my MacBook Pro almost everywhere: my apartment, clients office, coffeeshops, salad bars, hotel lobbies, Universal Studios, Warner Brothers.


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--- date: 2012-12-18T00:00:00Z published: true title: Off duty security guard stops douchebag. url: /2012/12/18/off-duty-security-guard-stops-douchebag-/ ---
Antu says the gunman never made it into the theater itself, thanks largely to the heroic work of the off duty deputy.
"She did what she felt she had to do," Antu said. "I feel that she saved a lot of lives by taking the action she had to take."


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July 08, 2002
Chicken nugget confidential
Guardian | Submitted by: Noxos
Many people eat chicken nuggets from McDonald's, KFC, or the ilk. But do you
really know what goes into these things? Generally they are about 15% skin,
and the in castes of nuggets, the untouchables are truly frightening:
"mechanically recovered meat (MRM), which is obtained by pushing the carcass
through a giant teabag-like screen to produce a slurry of protein, then bound
back together with polyphosphates and gums." Food via slurry is always best.
|
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Read article...
|
|
Mounties convicted of fruiting city police
Reuters | Submitted by: madbastard
"The two of you are a disgrace to every RCMP officer in Canada and to every
peace officer in Canada," Manitoba Judge, Arnold Connor, was quoted as
telling David Dauphinee, 52, and Daniel Dauphinee, 51, by newspapers that
attended the trial."
|
|
Read article...
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Lobstermen search for better bait
Newsday | Submitted by: Florida Ethnarch
Scientists and lobstermen are trying to devise a longer-lasting and cheaper
bait than the traditional herring. This article mentions many baits that
have actually been tried, and some are, uh, unusual. Example: used
automobile oil filters.
|
|
Read article...
|
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Amateur video catches police beating
myCFnow | Submitted by: Rio
A home video shows Inglewood (part of Los Angeles) police officers giving
a sixteen year old boy a good beatdown, slamming his head on a police cruiser
and punching him in the face (while handcuffed). Luckily the event was filmed
by a man who gave the tape to the media. With video.
|
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Read article...
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Whitebread couple have black twins
BBC | Submitted by: Jopy
A mix-up at a fertility clinic has led to a white couple having black
twins, it is reported. "It is possible that sperm from a black patient
was used in error to fertilise eggs from the white woman, or that an
embryo was implanted in the wrong woman."
|
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Read article...
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Vets destroy drug-addicted elephant
online.ie | Submitted by: KC
"Vets in Thailand have put to death an elephant that went blind and
suffered years of painful side-effects after being hooked on drugs by its
owner... Its owner fed the synthetic stimulants to the animal to keep it
awake at night so it could haul logs in an illegal lumber operation
in a nearby jungle."
|
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Read article...
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|
South Africa says HIV doesn't exist
Newsday | Submitted by: Mikya
It's all just a figment of your imagination says the South African Gov't.
"The minister of health for South Africa yesterday called drugs used to
prevent transmission of HIV from mother to child poison. When free drugs
have been offered by humanitarian organizations, the government has argued
that HIV simply may not exist. In comments later she said, with obvious
rage, "We will implement because we are forced to implement."
|
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Read article...
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|
They practice on animals first
Guardian | Submitted by: Ann Onymous
"One former poaching companion told police that Taylor seemed to take great
pleasure in inflicting pain on a rabbit he caught, then killing and
mutilating it. In his garden, police discovered the skeletons of four dogs,
the skull of one dog had been totally crushed."
|
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Read article...
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Insomnia epedemic for Iran?
Toronto Star | Submitted by: Son of Benway
"Husband killing is a new phenomenon in Iran's male-dominated society. It
means economic hardships and social crises are reaching a crisis point," said
sociologist Mohammad Ahmadi... Others blame restrictive divorce laws that
leave women feeling murder is the only way out of a bad marriage."
|
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Read article...
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Honey, I can explain
Minneapolis Star Tribune | Submitted by: bammer
What could be more fun than reading in your local paper details from
your husband's new marriage license. This isn't even in West Virginia!
|
|
Read article...
|
|
Woman proves fidelity with hot iron
ABC News | Submitted by: Oskar
"After a marital row with her husband of one month, Sangeeta Sauda, 20, was
asked to prove that she was as pure as the Hindu goddess Sita by holding a
red hot iron and remaining unhurt in front of 300 elders of her Khanjar
tribal community." She claims to have done this voluntarily, and we believe
it simply because it's not unsafe at all: "With her hands smeared with
turmeric and wrapped in fig leaves, Sauda held the iron for a few seconds
before tossing it away."
|
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Read article...
|
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|


Class Dim
Inheritance
Namespace: Terminal.Gui
Assembly: Terminal.Gui.dll
Syntax
public class Dim
Remarks
Use the Dim objects on the Width or Height properties of a view to control the position.
These can be used to set the absolute position, when merely assigning an integer value (via the implicit integer to Pos conversion), and they can be combined to produce more useful layouts, like: Pos.Center - 3, which would shift the postion of the view 3 characters to the left after centering for example.
Constructors
Dim()
Declaration
public Dim ();
Methods
Fill(Int32)
Creates a Dim object that fills the dimension, but leaves the specified number of colums for a margin.
Declaration
public static Terminal.Gui.Dim Fill (int margin = 0);
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| System.Int32 | margin | Margin to use. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Dim | The Fill dimension. |
Height(View)
Returns a Dim object tracks the Height of the specified view.
Declaration
public static Terminal.Gui.Dim Height (Terminal.Gui.View view);
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| View | view | The view that will be tracked. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Dim | The dimension of the other view. |
Percent(Single)
Creates a percentage Dim object
Declaration
public static Terminal.Gui.Dim Percent (float n);
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| System.Single | n | A value between 0 and 100 representing the percentage. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Dim | The percent Dim object. |
Width(View)
Returns a Dim object tracks the Width of the specified view.
Declaration
public static Terminal.Gui.Dim Width (Terminal.Gui.View view);
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| View | view | The view that will be tracked. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Dim | The dimension of the other view. |
Operators
op_Addition(Dim, Dim)
Declaration
public static Terminal.Gui.Dim op_Addition (Terminal.Gui.Dim left, Terminal.Gui.Dim right);
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Dim | left | The first Pos to add. |
| Dim | right | The second Pos to add. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Dim | The Pos that is the sum of the values of |
op_Implicit(Int32 to Dim)
Creates an Absolute Pos from the specified integer value.
Declaration
public static Terminal.Gui.Dim op_Implicit (int n);
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| System.Int32 | n | The value to convert to the pos. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Dim | The Absolute Pos. |
op_Subtraction(Dim, Dim)
Declaration
public static Terminal.Gui.Dim op_Subtraction (Terminal.Gui.Dim left, Terminal.Gui.Dim right);
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Dim | left | The Pos to subtract from (the minuend). |
| Dim | right | The Pos to subtract (the subtrahend). |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Dim | The Pos that is the |


--- layout: post title: Avocado Baked Eggs date: 2013-07-21 15:26:05.000000000 -04:00 type: post published: true status: publish categories: - breakfast & brunch - recipes - savory tags: - avocado - brunch - eggs - recipe meta: _edit_last: '1' author: login: sophie email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>display_name: Pika first_name: '' last_name: '' ---
My two favorite foods just became one with this genius brunch recipe from Serious Eats. Runny baked eggs are coddled in creamy avocado for a match made in heaven. Here's how:
Avocado Baked Eggs
* 1 ripe avocado
* 2 eggs
* 1 small lime
* salt & pepper
* small tortillas, for serving
1. Preheat oven to 450F.
2. Cut avocado in half and remove the pit. Set on a baking sheet.
3. Squeeze lime juice all over halves and sprinkle with salt and pepper. Now, here comes the fun part: using a large spoon scoop out some of the center to make the egg fit -- you’ll want to scoop out a tablespoon or so (and nom the scraps!).
4. Carefully crack the egg into the hole. Don’t worry if some whites spill over as long as the yolk’s intact.
5. Bake 10-15 minutes, or until whites are set but yolk is still runny.
6. Serve with warm tortillas.
Sidenote: Apparently I've been spelling the plural of "avocado" wrong for the past 21 years. Oh, well. This way makes for better imagery, anyways.


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Interesting links #6
08 Feb 2014- Oboe.js - a library that runs under Node.js and web browsers for loading JSON using streaming, also some sweet sweet SVG animations
- Process is Poison - automate your process, don't have bad process make more process
- 5 Whys - Your 5 year-old is onto something. (Linked from "Process is Poison" and worth including separately.)
- Multi-Threaded Programming 1: Basics - begining of a series that looks interesting
- Procedural Dungeon Generation Explained - demo and follow up to an earlier post
- Game Design Patterns and Anti-Patterns for Turn-Based Strategy Games - a topic close to my heart.


You will be given a random number at the start of the game.
There are 4 Jem characters below. By clicking on a character you will add a specific amount of points to your total score. You win the game by matching your total score to the random number. You lose the game if your total score goes above the random number.
The value of each character is hidden from you until you click on it.
Each time the game starts, the game will change the value of each character.


astropy.units handles defining and converting between physical units, and performing arithmetic with physical quantities (numbers with associated units).
>>> from astropy import units as u
>>> # Convert from parsec to meter
>>> u.pc.to(u.m)
3.0856776e+16
>>> cms = u.cm / u.s
>>> mph = u.mile / u.hour
>>> cms.to(mph, 1)
0.02236936292054402
>>> cms.to(mph, [1., 1000., 5000.])
array([ 2.23693629e-02, 2.23693629e+01, 1.11846815e+02])
Units that “cancel out” become a special unit called the “dimensionless unit”:
>>> u.m / u.m
Unit(dimensionless)
astropy is able to match compound units against the units it already knows about:
>>> (u.s ** -1).compose()
[Unit("Hz"), ...]
And it can convert between unit systems:
>>> u.Pa.to_system(u.cgs)
[Unit("1.000000e+01 Ba")]
astropy.units also handles equivalencies, such as that between wavelength and frequency. To use that feature, equivalence objects are passed to the to() conversion method. For instance, a conversion from wavelength to frequency doesn’t normally work:
>>> u.nm.to(u.Hz, [1000, 2000])
UnitsException: 'nm' (length) and 'Hz' (frequency) are not convertible
but by passing an equivalency list, in this case spectral(), it does:
>>> u.nm.to(u.Hz, [1000, 2000], equivalencies=u.spectral())
array([ 2.99792458e+14, 1.49896229e+14])
>>> u.nm.to(u.eV, [1000, 2000], equivs=u.spectral())
array([ 1.23984201, 0.61992101])
Also included in the astropy.units package is the Quantity object, which represents a numerical value with an associated unit. These objects support arithmetic with other numbers and Quantity objects and preserve their units:
>>> 15.1 * u.meter / (32.0 * u.second)
<Quantity 0.471875 m / (s)>
>>> 3.0 * u.kilometer / (130.51 * u.meter / u.second)
<Quantity 0.0229867443108 km s / (m)>
>>> (3.0 * u.kilometer / (130.51 * u.meter / u.second)).decompose()
<Quantity 22.9867443108 s>
Core units classes and functions
| UnitsException | The base class for unit-specific exceptions. |
| UnitsWarning | The base class for unit-specific exceptions. |
| UnitBase | Abstract base class for units. |
| NamedUnit(st[, register, doc, format]) | The base class of units that have a name. |
| IrreducibleUnit(st[, register, doc, format]) | Irreducible units are the units that all other units are defined in terms of. |
| Unit(st[, represents, register, doc, format]) | The main unit class. |
| CompositeUnit(scale, bases, powers) | Create a composite unit using expressions of previously defined units. |
| PrefixUnit(st[, represents, register, doc, ...]) | A unit that is simply a SI-prefixed version of another unit. |
| UnrecognizedUnit(st) | A unit that did not parse correctly. |
A collection of different unit formats.
| get_format([format]) | Get a formatter by name. |
| Generic() | A “generic” format. |
| CDS() | Support the Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg Standards for Astronomical Catalogues 2.0 format. |
| Console() | Output-only format for to display pretty formatting at the console. |
| Fits() | The FITS standard unit format. |
| Latex() | Output LaTeX to display the unit based on IAU style guidelines. |
| Unicode() | Output-only format for to display pretty formatting at the console using Unicode characters. |
| Unscaled() | A format that doesn’t display the scale part of the unit, other than that, it is identical to the Generic format. |
| VOUnit() | The proposed IVOA standard for units used by the VO. |
This package defines the SI units. They are also available in the astropy.units namespace.
| Unit | Description | Represents | Aliases | SI Prefixes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | ampere: base unit of electric current in SI | ampere, amp | Y | |
| a | annum (a) | annum | N | |
| Angstrom | ångström: 10 ** -10 m | AA, angstrom | N | |
| arcmin | arc minute: angular measurement | arcminute | N | |
| arcsec | arc second: angular measurement | arcsecond | N | |
| Bq | becquerel: unit of radioactivity | becquerel | N | |
| C | coulomb: electric charge | coulomb | N | |
| cd | candela: base unit of luminous intensity in SI | candela | Y | |
| Ci | curie: unit of radioactivity | curie | N | |
| d | day (d) | day | N | |
| deg | degree: angular measurement 1/360 of full rotation | degree | N | |
| eV | Electron Volt | electronvolt | N | |
| F | Farad: electrical capacitance | Farad, farad | N | |
| fortnight | fortnight | N | ||
| g | gram (g) | gram | N | |
| H | Henry: inductance | Henry, henry | N | |
| h | hour (h) | hour, hr | N | |
| hourangle | hour angle: angular measurement with 24 in a full circle | N | ||
| Hz | Frequency | Hertz, hertz | N | |
| J | Joule: energy | Joule, joule | N | |
| K | Kelvin: temperature with a null point at absolute zero. | Kelvin | Y | |
| kg | kilogram: base unit of mass in SI. | kilogram | Y | |
| l | liter: metric unit of volume | L, liter | N | |
| lm | lumen: luminous flux | lumen | N | |
| lx | lux: luminous emittence | lux | N | |
| m | meter: base unit of length in SI | meter | Y | |
| mas | arc second: angular measurement | N | ||
| micron | micron: alias for micrometer (um) | N | ||
| min | minute (min) | minute | N | |
| mol | mole: amount of a chemical substance in SI. | mole | Y | |
| N | Newton: force | Newton, newton | N | |
| Ohm | Ohm: electrical resistance | ohm | N | |
| Pa | Pascal: pressure | Pascal, pascal | N | |
| rad | radian: angular measurement of the ratio between the length on an arc and its radius | radian | Y | |
| S | Siemens: electrical conductance | Siemens, siemens | N | |
| s | second: base unit of time in SI. | second | Y | |
| sday | Sidereal day (sday) is the time of one rotation of the Earth. | N | ||
| sr | steradian: unit of solid angle in SI | steradian | N | |
| t | Metric tonne | tonne | N | |
| T | Tesla: magnetic flux density | Tesla, tesla | N | |
| uas | arc second: angular measurement | N | ||
| V | Volt: electric potential or electromotive force | Volt, volt | N | |
| W | Watt: power | Watt, watt | N | |
| Wb | Weber: magnetic flux | Weber, weber | N | |
| wk | week (wk) | week | N | |
| yr | year (yr) | year | N |
This package defines the CGS units. They are also available in the top-level astropy.units namespace.
| Unit | Description | Represents | Aliases | SI Prefixes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| abC | abcoulomb: CGS (EMU) of charge | abcoulomb | N | |
| Ba | Barye: CGS unit of pressure | Barye, barye | N | |
| Bi | Biot: CGS (EMU) unit of current | Biot, abA, abampere, emu | N | |
| C | coulomb: electric charge | coulomb | N | |
| cd | candela: base unit of luminous intensity in SI | candela | N | |
| cm | centimeter (cm) | centimeter | N | |
| D | Debye: CGS unit of electric dipole moment | Debye, debye | N | |
| dyn | dyne: CGS unit of force | dyne | N | |
| erg | erg: CGS unit of energy | N | ||
| Fr | Franklin: CGS (ESU) unit of charge | Franklin, statcoulomb, statC, esu | N | |
| G | Gauss: CGS unit for magnetic field | Gauss, gauss | N | |
| g | gram (g) | gram | N | |
| Gal | Gal: CGS unit of acceleration | gal | N | |
| K | Kelvin: temperature with a null point at absolute zero. | Kelvin | N | |
| k | kayser: CGS unit of wavenumber | Kayser, kayser | N | |
| mol | mole: amount of a chemical substance in SI. | mole | N | |
| P | poise: CGS unit of dynamic viscosity | poise | N | |
| rad | radian: angular measurement of the ratio between the length on an arc and its radius | radian | N | |
| s | second: base unit of time in SI. | second | N | |
| sr | steradian: unit of solid angle in SI | steradian | N | |
| St | stokes: CGS unit of kinematic viscosity | stokes | N | |
| statA | statampere: CGS (ESU) unit of current | statampere | N |
This package defines the astrophysics-specific units. They are also available in the astropy.units namespace.
The mag unit is provided for compatibility with the FITS unit string standard. However, it is not very useful as-is since it is “orphaned” and can not be converted to any other unit. A future astropy magnitudes library is planned to address this shortcoming.
| Unit | Description | Represents | Aliases | SI Prefixes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| adu | adu | N | ||
| AU | astronomical unit: approximately the mean Earth–Sun distance. | au | N | |
| barn | barn: unit of area used in HEP | N | ||
| beam | beam | N | ||
| bin | bin | N | ||
| bit | bit | Y | ||
| byte | byte | Y | ||
| chan | chan | N | ||
| ct | count (ct) | count | N | |
| Jy | Jansky: spectral flux density | Jansky, jansky | N | |
| lyr | Light year | lightyear | N | |
| M_e | Electron mass | N | ||
| M_p | Proton mass | N | ||
| mag | Stellar magnitude. | Y | ||
| pc | parsec: approximately 3.26 light-years. | parsec | N | |
| ph | photon (ph) | photon | Y | |
| pix | pixel (pix) | pixel | N | |
| R | Rayleigh: photon flux | Rayleigh, rayleigh | N | |
| Ry | Rydberg: Energy of a photon whose wavenumber is the Rydberg constant | rydberg | N | |
| solLum | Solar luminance | L_sun | N | |
| solMass | Solar mass | M_sun | N | |
| solRad | Solar radius | R_sun | N | |
| Sun | Sun | N | ||
| u | Unified atomic mass unit | Da, Dalton | N | |
| vox | voxel (vox) | voxel | N |
This package defines colloquially used Imperial units. They are also available in the astropy.units namespace.
| Unit | Description | Represents | Aliases | SI Prefixes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ac | International acre | acre | N | |
| BTU | British thermal unit | btu | N | |
| cal | Thermochemical calorie: pre-SI metric unit of energy | calorie | N | |
| cup | U.S. | N | ||
| foz | U.S. | fluid_oz, fluid_ounce | N | |
| ft | International foot | foot | N | |
| gallon | U.S. | N | ||
| hp | Electrical horsepower | horsepower | N | |
| inch | International inch | N | ||
| kcal | Calorie: colloquial definition of Calorie | Cal, Calorie, kilocal, kilocalorie | N | |
| kn | nautical unit of speed: 1 nmi per hour | kt, knot, NMPH | N | |
| lb | International avoirdupois pound | pound | N | |
| mi | International mile | mile | N | |
| nmi | Nautical mile | nauticalmile, NM | N | |
| oz | International avoirdupois ounce | ounce | N | |
| pint | U.S. | N | ||
| quart | U.S. | N | ||
| tbsp | U.S. | tablespoon | N | |
| ton | International avoirdupois ton | N | ||
| tsp | U.S. | teaspoon | N | |
| yd | International yard | yard | N |
A set of standard astronomical equivalencies.
| spectral() | Returns a list of equivalence pairs that handle spectral wavelength, frequency, and energy equivalences. |
| spectral_density(sunit, sfactor) | Returns a list of equivalence pairs that handle spectral density with regard to wavelength and frequency. |