Crime Mapping and Spatial Analysis
Class 2: Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis
John Palmer
Does legalizing marijuana reduce crime?
Matthew Hutson, New Yorker, January 10, 2020
So what should we do?
- Focus less on the causes of crime and more on the effects of law-enforcement policies?
- What do we know about those effects?
What has driven these policies?
Parameters and Estimators
- Understanding sampling distributions
- Bias and efficiency
Point Estimators
$$\hat{\mu} = \bar{y}$$
$$\hat{\pi} = p$$
In other words, the unbiased estimators of population mean and population proportion are sample mean and sample proportion.
Confidence Intervals
- Basic idea: point estimate plus/minus "z" standard errors.
95% Confidence Interval for Proportion
$$\hat{\pi} \pm 1.96\sqrt{\frac{\hat{\pi}(1-\hat{\pi})}{n}}$$
95% Confidence Interval for Difference in Proportions
$$ (\hat{\pi}_2 - \hat{\pi}_1) \pm 1.96\sqrt{\frac{\hat{\pi}_1(1-\hat{\pi}_1)}{n_1} + \frac{\hat{\pi}_2(1-\hat{\pi}_2)}{n_2}}$$
Classical Linear Regression
$$y_i = \hat{\alpha} + \hat{\beta}x_i + \epsilon$$
Generalized Linear Models
Qualitative-Quantitative Divide
- Words vs. Numbers
- Inductive vs. Deductive
- Interpretivist vs. Positivist Epistemology
But...
- One can incorporate numbers into qualitative analysis (and words into quantitative).
- Both types usually combine induction and deduction.
- Both include a wide variety of epistemologies and ontologies.
Qualitative Research Questions
- Often broader and less explicitly stated than quantitative ones.
I had research questions vaguely in mind, and I was already making mental comparisons between what I was seeing and what the sociology literature had to say.
Duneier, Mitchell. 1999. Sidewalk. New York: Straus and Giroux.
From the beginning of my time as a sociologist I’ve been interested in the struggle of human beings to live in accordance to moral worth. And one of the reasons that Sixth Avenue was a strategic site for me was that the challenges to living a moral life there were greater. Here was a setting where you had people coming out of prison with felony convictions and no ability to get jobs or housing. So the question was how you survive in those circumstances and still struggle to live in accordance to standards of moral worth?
Duneier, Mitchell, and Les Back. 2006. “Voices from the Sidewalk: Ethnography and Writing Race.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 29 (3). Taylor & Francis Group: 543–65. doi:10.1080/01419870600598113.
Qualitative Data Collection
- Participate (ethnography)
- Ask and listen (interviews)
- Record and gather (speech, texts, documents, images)


Caroline Flack jets to South Africa for winter Love Island after travel chaos
Caroline documented her 13 hour trip to South Africa to film promos for the upcoming winter edition of Love Island after a delay and cancellation
by Irishmirror.ieLove Island host Caroline Flack shared with her 2.3 million followers her 13 hour flight to South Africa.
The star, who recently celebrated her 40th birthday, jetted out to South Africa to film promos for the 2020 series of winter Love Island.
She's been very open that she was dreading the lengthy haul - and it seems her fears came true with a flight delay and cancellation added to the mix.
"Flight delay," she wrote on one snap as she reclined with a glass of wine.
"Flight got cancelled," she groaned, "On way home...basically had a night out at Gatwick Airport."
She had better luck the second time round, finally making it onto the plane.
After she'd made it on board, blond locks tied into plaits, she shared a selfie with the caption: "Second time lucky...13 hour flight...face being looked after by @rodial and @elemis."
"Made it on board...wish me luck," Caroline added.
Despite the hassle, she seemed in good spirits as she beamed with a pal, writing: "Here we go!! #betterlatethannever. Love Island series 6 begins."
Still, she made it to South Africa as she tagged a snap of a car journey at Pinelands, Cape Town.
Last week, Caroline told Metro that she would have to be back and forth between the UK and South Africa when the series comes to telly screens, as she'll need to be filming for the dating hit's sister show, Aftersun.
"I'm going on Saturday to do promo," she revealed, "I haven't packed anything yet. I always pack last minute.
"It's a 13 hour flight to South Africa. I've got to go back and forth the whole time to do Aftersun over here."
She last week celebrated her 40th in a glitzy, star-studded bash with mates and toyboy hunk Lewis Burton.
The stars were lining up for the party, including Strictly pro couple Aljaz Skorjanec and Janette Manrara, hit maker Ella Eyre, model Ashley James and former Pussycat Doll Ashley Roberts.
Lewis couldn't help put poke fun at their age gap, sharing a photo of Caroline with her guests alongside the caption: "Happy 90th baby."
Rumours have been swirling that Caroline is engaged after the 27 year old was thought to have popped the question.
Taking a stroll in the street, the blond beauty was snapped with a ring on her engagement finger - sparking fan speculation that she's bride to be.


Google Book Search
This app allowes you to search for books and in the search
page save them to the reading-list or view them on google. When the book has
been read, it can be deleted from the reading-list.
Technologies: JavaScript, React, Node.js, HTML5, CSS3, Git, GitHub, MongoDB,
Heroku
Disaster Dashboard
This app is built to collect recent disasters, near earth
events, COVID-19 Statistics, the Silver and Gold price and a checklist
allowing to verify the items needed to survive a disaster. When feeling to
stressed look at puppies on the top to relax.
Technologies: JavaScript, React, Node.js, HTML5, CSS3, Git, GitHub, MySQL,
Heroku
VENT
Interactive website to help concerned citizens to see the
air quality in their area and to provide a platform where they are able to
express their feelings alongside a short message to their local
representative regarding the air quality.
Technologies: JavaScript, Node.js, HTML5, CSS3, Git, GitHub, MySQL, Heroku,
Handlebars, MVC, ORM
EarthQuake Tracker
Interactive website to help concerned citizens see where
earthquakes are happening around the globe.
Technologies: JavaScript, HTML5, CSS3, Git, GitHub, APIs
Eat-Da-Burger
This restaurant app lets the users input the names of
burgers they'd like to eat. add a burger to the Ready to eat! section When
you feel hungry simply Devour! it.
Technologies: JavaScript, Node.js, HTML5, CSS3, Git, GitHub, MySQL, Heroku,
Handlebars, MVC, ORM, Docker
Employee Registry
This command line application prompts the user for
information about the manager and the team members. After completing the
registry an HTML file is generated with the information provided by the
user.
Technologies: JavaScript, Node.js, HTML5, CSS3, Git, GitHub
Weather Dashboard
Weather dashboard to allow the user to search for
location and the
app displays the current weather and 5 days forecast on the screen.
Technologies: JavaScript, JQuery, HTML5, CSS3, Git, GitHub, APIs
Work Day Scheduler
This calendar application allows the user to save events
for each business hour of the day. When clicking into a timeblock the user
can enter an event.
Technologies: JavaScript, JQuery, HTML5, CSS3, Git, GitHub
Code-quiz
This application prepares you for JavaScript interviews.
You have 2 minutes to answer 10 questions. Every wrong answear costs 10
seconds. When all questions are answered or the timer reaches 0 the game is
over, your score is presented and you can save your name and score.
Technologies: JavaScript, JQuery, HTML5, CSS3, Git, GitHub
Password Generator
The random password generator promts the user for the
password length (8-128) and the strength of the password (lower case, upper
case,
numerical, special characters), then displays the generated password on the
screen.
Technologies: JavaScript, JQuery, HTML5, CSS3, Git, GitHub
Conference registry
Applicant registry webservice using Spring Boot, Spring MVC, JSP or Thymeleaf and HTML.
Recipe book
REST based CRUDS webservice using Spring Data REST (Spring Boot, Spring MVC, Spring Data, JPA).
Huffmann coding
The application compresses and decompresses text files by
using Huffman Coding based on the frequency of the characters.
Technologies: Java, Object Oriented Programming, Huffmann-coding, Collections, Generics, Binary-tree
Guitar Hero
Guitar simulator that allows the user to play on a guitar
by using the keyboard of the computer ("keytar"). The application constructs
notes on the chromatic scale and the client can play these notes by pressing
different keys on the keyboard.
Technologies: Java, Object Oriented Programming, Computer simulation, Collections, Generics
Hangman
Evil hangman application which manages and modifies the
state of the game on-the-fly and it tries to trick the user. It starts the
game with a set of words instead of one word and reduces the set to the
words what are less likely to be discovered after each guess, until the
player looses or only one word is in the set.
Technologies: Java, Object Oriented Programming
Jungle game
Game/simulation with animals in it like a
jungle. Each species move and behave in different ways in the 2D
environment. They meet, feed, move, sleep and kill each other until only one
kind of animal will rule the jungle.
Technologies: Java, Object Oriented Programming, Computer simulation
Anagram solver
The application creates anagrams using recursive
backtracking over dictionary to find all combinations of words that have the
same letters as a given phrase.
Technologies: Java, Object Oriented Programming, Recursive backtracking
20 Questions
Yes-no question game in which the player thinks
of an object and the computer tries to guess it by asking yes-no questions.
The computer becomes smarter after each failed round and learns the new
question-answer pair to win more future games.
Technologies: Java, Object Oriented Programming, "AI", Binary-tree
DNA Analyzer
This DNA analyzing application that reads data from
the National Center for Biotechnology Information and provides statistics
about nucleotides and predicts whether or not the sequence is a
protein-coding gene.
Technologies: Java, Strings, DNA sequencing
Grammar solver
This program reads an input file with a grammar in
Backus-Naur Form (BNF) and allows the user to randomly generate elements of
the grammar.
Technologies: Java, Object Oriented Programming, Collections API, Recursion, Regular Expressions, Generics
Assassin manager
Assassin manager keeps track of who is stalking whom and
the history of who killed whom. This Java program starts with a circular
chain of assassination targets what is linked list, called the “kill ring”.
Technologies: Java, Object Oriented Programming, Collections API, Linked Lists


{% url 'applications:create_application' as new_obj_url %} {% url 'applications:application_list' as obj_list %}


<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Phone Number
Linkled Link
Twitter Link YoutubePage and other affinlations website
©2016 Designed By Daniel Medaris.


I am a graphic design specialist and frontend developer based in Madison, Wisconsin. I have clients across the midwest including the Missouri Historical Society and Accel Entertainment, the largest terminal operator in the country. With over 10 years working in graphic design and illustration, and a full stack certification, if you need a front end UI designer, I have you covered.
Skills:
Coding:
JavaScript, HTML, CSS, SCSS, JQuiry, Front and Back end APIsNode.js, Express, MySQL, OOP, ORM, Handlebars, AJAX queries
Digital Media:
PhotoShop, InDesign, Illustrator, SketchUp, Word, Excel, Power Point


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RILEY SCOTT
05.30.19
Coffee shops are a staple of any town. Everyone knows their local go-to coffee spot, used for studying, hanging out with friends or a quick pick-me-up to get you through the day. Luckily for the people who are just getting settled into Ohio University, Athens is home to a plethora of local coffee shops. No matter what kind of atmosphere or coffee taste you go for, you will definitely be able to find the perfect local coffee house that will become your new home and break your bank account. Here are some of the best drinks for each coffee shop:
ILLUSTRATION | RILEY SCOTT
Donkey Coffee and Espresso is one of the coolest coffee houses in terms of atmosphere. There’s always great music playing, and the inside is complete with couches, comfortable chairs, tables and patio seating. There are so many great aspects about the coffee house, but by far the best drink to try is the Power Chai. It’s a normal chai tea latte, made either spicy or with a vanilla base, mixed with a shot of espresso. It’s a drink that’s delicious, but also a practical drink to give you an extra boost through your busy days.
Small: $4.75, Large: $5.05
Brenen’s Coffee Cafe is one of the most popular coffee shops in Athens. While there are normal coffee options, there are also a lot of fun ones like the Nutty Irishman and Peppermint Patty. However, the best flavor to try is the Milkway, modeled after the candy bar. The fresh brewed espresso, rich chocolate, creamy caramel and steamed milk combine to form a delicious drink that will make your taste buds happy.
Small: $4.00, Medium: $4.45, Large: $4.90
Another popular coffee shop in Athens is Court Street Coffee, which, like Brenen’s, is right in the middle of Uptown and easy to access. Court Street’s signature coffee drink is the Court Street Mocha, and it’s also the best drink to try. Unlike the normal mocha drink with chocolate syrup, steamed milk and espresso, the Court Street Mocha has white chocolate and swirls of caramel to compliment the steamed milk and espresso. It’s a unique twist on a classic drink.
Medium: $4.55, Medium Iced: $4.65, Medium Frozen: $4.55
Though Starbucks isn’t a local coffee shop, going to the Front Room Coffee House in Baker Center is more fun than going to the regular Starbucks on Union Street. Front Room is a great place to study and hangout with friends, and it also occasionally features live musical performances. Front Room serves Starbucks coffee, so a lot of people are familiar with the menu, but the best drink choice is the Pumpkin Spice Latte. Made with fall spice flavors, steamed milk, espresso and topped with whipped cream and pumpkin pie spice, the Pumpkin Spice Latte is a delicious drink for all seasons.
Tall: $4.25, Grande: $4.95, Venti: $5.25
Catalyst Cafe is located on Union Street, and though it’s not one of the most popular coffee shops in Athens, it is one of the most delicious. Catalyst Cafe features fair trade and organic coffees and teas. A lot of its drinks are typical ones you’d find at almost every coffee house, and though café au lait is one of those drinks, Catalyst Cafe’s café au lait is incomparable. The simple drink of coffee with milk is so well made and stands out from everything on the menu.
Small: $2.95, Large: $3.95
Fluff Bakery, Brunch and Bowls isn’t a typical coffee shop, but it’s more of a restaurant and bakery. Though it’s not technically a coffee shop, it still serves some of the most delicious coffee in the area. Its seasonal drinks, like red velvet, are definitely worth trying, but the one drink that is always served the Traincatcher. The Traincatcher is a delicious combination of Fluff’s mocha, made with espresso, milk and chocolate, and Fluff’s Toddy, a sweet, cold-brewed espresso. The Traincatcher is a delicious combination that is sweet and energizing.
Small: $4.00, Large: $5.00
Town’s End is a relatively newer coffee shop over Stimson Bridge in a historic location that has previously served as Athens County’s first post office, a mill, a milk processing center and a barber shop. Luckily, it’s a coffee shop with a unique style without indoor seating, acting as a traditional Italian stand-up bar. The old-fashioned setup provides a classic taste of coffee drinks that wow customers. The best drink to try is the White Chocolate Thunder, made with white chocolate, oat milk and a double shot of the Town’s End award-winning espresso. Though it may be a further walk for some, it’s definitely worth the trip.
With normal milk: $5.25 With oat or soy milk: $6.00
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--- tags: - data - farming author: display_name: Greg Bunce email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>date: 2023-05-09 07:55:57 -0600 categories: [] AgriculturalProtectionAreas: hub: name: Utah Agricultural Protection Areas item_id: a9fc125d02d54681aec1e5576954ded6 updates: - July 2022 --- {% include abstract.html name="Agricultural Protection Areas" stewards="UDAF" abstract="These datasets contain statewide Agricultural Protection Area boundaries for use in planning and land management." %}
This layer compiles Utah property parcels that have been included in an Agriculture Protection Area (APA) resolution.
APAs are approved by the county in which they are located, and catalogued by Utah Department of Agriculture and Food.
APAs provide legal protection for agricultural land uses and activities, it also provides notice to neighboring landowners that they border an APA and should expect normal agricultural activities to take place.
Not every county has created APAs; Sanpete and Sevier Counties have created APAs, but they are currently not included in this dataset.
Utah Code Title 17, Chapter 41(Agriculture, Industrial, or Critical Infrastructure Materials Protection Areas) details how Agriculture Protection Areas are created.
There are no constraints or warranties with regard to the use of this dataset.


Photo Gallery: Iceland Airwaves 2019
We travel to the land of fire and ice to brave the elements for a week of incredible music discovery.
by Ian YoungMillions of people have fallen in love with Iceland for magical landscapes, epic waterfalls, and endless summer sun. But spending a week in Reykjavik during rainy, stormy November will reveal a whole different side to the quaint capital: Ukranian rappers playing in dingy clubs, Icelandic BDSM-bands tearing the roof off the art museum, and thousands of people drinking overpriced cans of Gull on the street.
Welcome to Iceland Airwaves, the most fun you can have this close to the Arctic circle.
Airwaves is a showcase festival that attracts over 130 up-and-coming artists from 20 different countries — and big, international names — to Reykjavik every November for four days of music across a dozen different venues. This year’s edition was heavier on international pop acts than previous, but there was still a healthy dose of post-punk, hip hop, dance, and expert knob twiddlers to fill the evenings with thumping bass and guitar distortion.
Check out our favorite artists we saw in the gallery above, and save the date for next year’s Iceland Airwaves, Nov. 4 -7.


create ipsums by speaking to your computer
Start listening
This requires webkitSpeechRecognition (ie. chrome desktop)
webkitSpeechRecognition


Below is an accordion, only one of the target areas should be visible at a time, dependent on which toggle was clicked last.
Toggle 1
This area is controlled by Toggle 1.
Toggle 2
This area is controlled by Toggle 2.
Toggle 3
This area is controlled by Toggle 3.


An object whose keys are phases from Phase and values are epoch time in milliseconds. The times are filled in after the phase has passed.
{
phaseTimes: {
'appphase.uninitialized':<PHONE_NUMBER>590,
'appphase.waiting': 0,
'appphase.loading': 0,
'appphase.starting': 0,
'appphase.playing': 0,
'appphase.error': 0,
}
}
An observable application state object.
mpSdk.App.state.subscribe(function (appState) {
// app state has changed
console.log('The current application: ', appState.application);
console.log('The current phase: ', appState.phase);
console.log('Loaded at time ', appState.phaseTimes[mpSdk.App.Phase.LOADING]);
console.log('Started at time ', appState.phaseTimes[mpSdk.App.Phase.STARTING]);
});
output
> The current application: application.showcase
> The current phase: appphase.waiting
> Loaded at time<PHONE_NUMBER>590
> Started at time<PHONE_NUMBER>824
>
This type is used by deprecated functionality. Use state observable.


Portfolio Items
Hover Effects
(pure CSS3)
(hover to check effect)
cloud
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The graph below shows the wealth held by households in the US (bars) compared to common-ish expenses and other fun costs. The different colors represent groups of 20% of American households, plus a bar for the top 1% of households.
If you have a household wealth in the green range, you are in the top fifth of wealthiest Americans. You are likely considered at least middle class and possibly upper-class, depending on where you live. You can comfortably buy a luxury car, own a condo or suburban home, and are on track for a nice retirement. To get here, you've had to earn well over the median wage or inherited something.
Despite your large wealth, you are not peers with the top 1%. They can buy vintage racing cars, or homes in the most expensive neighborhoods in the world, or retire with annual investment returns about the size of your entire net worth. They can own jets and fund successful political campaigns without raising a dollar. Even with a high paying job at a top tech company, you wouldn't get there in a lifetime.
(And even they are not peers with billionaires, who make in a minute what they may in a year)
Now let's look at the average household, the orange middle 20%, the "real Americans". This group can buy a new SUV, but it's a large fraction of their net worth and deprecates in value every year. In the 80s, they could buy a home and comfortably pay for state college tuition. But in 2020, they'll have to take out loans worth several times their net worth to pay for it. Much of the country is simply too expensive to live and retirement seems impossibly far away.
Who are your peers?


Life in the UK Timeline
| Time | Events |
|---|---|
| The very beginning | |
| 8,000 BC | (10,000 years ago): Britain became permanently separated from Europe |
| 4,000 BC | (6,000 years ago): First farmers arrived |
| 2,000 BC | (4,000 years ago): Bronze age (people learned to make bronze) |
| 55 BC | Roman Julius Caesar tried (failed) to invade Britain |
| 43 AD | Roman Emperor Claudius successfully invaded (most of) Britain |
| 3rd and 4th centuries AD | The first Christian communities began to appear in Britain |
| 410 | Romans leave Britain |
| 600 | Anglo-Saxons establish in Britain (except much of Wales and Scotland) |
| 789 | Vikings first visited Britain, raiding coastal towns to take goods & slaves |
| 1000 - 1099 | |
| 1066 – 1485 | This period is called the Middle Ages |
| 1066 | – An invasion led by William, the Duke of Normandy, defeated Harold, the Saxon King of England, at the Battle of Hastings (last time England was successfully invaded) – William became king of England – Start of the Westminster Abbey as the coronation church – The Tower of London was first built – Start of the “middle ages” |
| 1200 - 1299 | |
| By 1200 | The English ruled an area of Ireland known as the Pale, around Dublin |
| 1215 | Magna Carta: King John signed - makes the King subject to the law |
| 1284 | King Edward I introduced the Statute of Rhuddlan, which annexed Wales to the Crown of England |
| 1300 - 1399 | |
| 1314 | The Scottish, led by Robert the Bruce, defeated the English at the battle of Bannockburn |
| 1334 | Start of "100 years war" |
| 1348 | Black Death comes to Britain, kills 1/3 of population |
| 1400 - 1499 | |
| By 1400 | – In England, official documents were being written in English, and English had become the preferred language of the royal court and Parliament – Geoffrey Chaucer wrote Canterbury Tales |
| 1415 | Battle of Agincourt: one of the most famous battles of the Hundred Years War. King Henry V’s vastly outnumbered English army defeated the French |
| By 1450 | The last Welsh rebellion had been defeated |
| 1450s | England "left" France (end of "100 years war") |
| 1455 | A civil war, called the Wars of the Roses, between houses of York and Lancaster, was begun to decide who should be king of England |
| 1485 | – The Wars of the Roses ended with the Battle of the Bosworth Field – King Richard III of the House of York was killed – Henry Tudor, the leader of the House of Lancaster, became King Henry VII – End of the “middle ages” |
| 1500 - 1599 | |
| 1509, 21 April | Henry VIII became king of England |
| 1560 | – The predominantly Protestant Scottish Parliament abolished the authority of the Pope in Scotland and Roman Catholic religious services became illegal – Mary Queen of Scots (Catholic) flees to England → imprisoned for 20 years then executed |
| 1564 | Williams Shakespeare born |
| 1588 | English Sir Francis Drake defeat Spanish Armada (a large fleet of invading ships), which had been sent by Spain to conquer England and restore Catholicism |
| 16th century | Protestant ideas gradually gained strength in England, Wales and Scotland |
| 1600 - 1699 | |
| 1603 | Elizabeth I dies childless, James VI of Scotland becomes James I of England, also became King of England, Wales and Ireland |
| 1605 | A group of Catholics led by Guy Fawkes failed in their plan to kill the Protestant king |
| 1606 | First union flag created |
| 1616 | William Shakespeare dies |
| 1640 | King Charles I recalls parliament to ask it for money (After ruling without Parliament’s approval for 11 years) |
| 1641 | The revolt in Ireland began |
| 1642 | Civil war begins between Roundheads (Cromwell, Parliament) and Cavaliers (the King Charles I) |
| 1643 | Isaac Newton born |
| 1646 | King Charles I’s army was defeated at the Battles of Marston Moor and Naseby, civil war ends |
| 1649 | – King Charles I executed by beheading, Cromwell becomes “Lord Protector” – Oliver Cromwell brutally suppresses Irish rebellion |
| 1656 | The first Jews to come to Britain since the Middle Ages settled in London |
| 1658 | Oliver Cromwell, the leader of the new republic, died |
| 1660, May | – Parliament invited Charles II to come back from exile in the Netherlands – “The Restoration”: Charles II instated as king |
| 1665 | Major outbreak of plague in London |
| 1666 | A great fire destroyed much of London, including many churches and St Paul’s Cathedral |
| 1679 | The Habeas Corpus became law |
| 1680 - 1720 | Many refugees called Huguenots came from France |
| 1685 | Charles II dies, Catholic James II becomes King in England, Wales and Ireland and King James VII of Scotland |
| 1688 | Important Protestants in England asked William of Orange, the Protestant ruler of the Netherlands, to invade England and proclaim himself king William III |
| 1689 | The Bill of Rights confirmed the rights of Parliament and the limits of the king’s power |
| 1690 | William defeated James II at the battle of the Boyne in Ireland |
| 1695 | Newspapers allowed to operate without government license |
| 1700 - 1799 | |
| 1707 | The Act of Union, known as the Treaty of Union in Scotland, was agreed, creating the Kingdom of Great Britain |
| 1714 | Queen Anne dies, Parliament chose German George I as king |
| 1721 | Sir Robert Walpole becomes first Prime Minister in British history, until 1742 |
| 1727 | Isaac Newton dies |
| 1732 | Richard Arkwright born. Efficiently ran factories |
| 1742 | End of Sir Robert Walpole position as a Prime Minister |
| 1745 | Bonnie Prince Charlie attempts to invade & become king, supported by Scottish clans |
| 1745 | There was another attempt to put a Stuart king back on the throne in place of George I’s son, George II |
| 1746 | Charles Edward Stuart was defeated by George II’s army at the battle of Culloden, and escaped back to Europe. Clans lose a lot of power |
| 1759 | – Robert Burns born - the Bard, wrote Auld Lang Syne – Sake Dean Mahomet born in Bengal region in India |
| By the 1760s | Substantial colonies in North America |
| 1776 | 13 American states declare their independence |
| 1782 | Sake Dean Mahomet came to Britain |
| 1783 | Britain recognised the American colonies’ independence |
| 1786 | Sake Dean Mahomet moved to Ireland and eloped with an Irish girl called Jane Daly |
| 1789 | France (Napoleon) declares war on Britain |
| 1789 | There was a revolution in France |
| 1792 | Richard Arkwright dies |
| 1796 | Robert Burns dies |
| Late 1700s | The Quakers set up the first formal anti-slavery group |
| 18th century | New ideas about politics, philosophy and science were developed, called the “Enlightenment” |
| 1800 - 1899 | |
| 1800 | The Act of Union created the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland |
| 1801 | Ireland became unified with England, Scotland and Wales |
| 1805 | Britain wins Battle of Trafalgar against combined French and Spanish fleets (Nelson dies) |
| 1807 | It became illegal to trade slaves in British ships or from British ports |
| 1810 | – Sake Dean Mahomet opened the Hindoostane Coffee House in George Street,London, the first curry house to open in Britain – Introduced “shampooing” head massage |
| 1815 | The French Wars ended with the defeat of the Emperor Napoleon by the Duke of Wellington at the Battle of Waterloo |
| 1832 | The Reform Act was first enacted |
| 1833 | Emancipation act outlaws slave trading throughout British Empire |
| 1837 | Queen Victoria became queen of the UK at the age of 18 |
| 1846 | Repealing of the Corn |
| 1847 | The number of hours that women and children could work was limited bylaw to 10 hour per day |
| 1851 | |
| 1851 | – Mahomet dies – The Great Exhibition opened in Hyde Park |
| 1853 – 1913 | As many as 13 million British citizen left the country to settle overseas |
| 1854 | Florence Nightingale went to Turkey and worked in military hospitals |
| 1860 | Florence Nightingale established the Nightingale Training School for nurses at St Thomas’ Hospital in London |
| 1867 | Another Reform Act was enacted |
| 1870 – 1914 | Around120,000 Russian and Polish Jews came to Britain to escape persecution |
| 1872 | The first tennis club was founded in Leamington spa |
| 1889 | Emmeline Pankhurst set up the Women’s Franchise League |
| 1895 | The National Trust was founded |
| 1896 | Films were first shown publicly in the UK |
| 1899 – 1902 | Boer War |
| 18th and 19th century | The period of the Industrial Revolution in Britain, a rapid development of industry |
| 1900 - 1909 | |
| 1900 | Winston Churchill became a conservative MP |
| 1901 | End of Queen Victoria’s reign |
| 1902 | Motor-car racing started in the UK |
| 1903 | Emmeline Pankhurst helped found the Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU) |
| 1907 | – Rudyard Kipling was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature |
| 1910 - 1919 | |
| 1913 | The British government promised “Home Rule” for Ireland |
| 1914 | – Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria was assassinated – Start of the First World War |
| 1916 | – British attack on the Somme – Uprising (the Easter Rising) against the British in Dublin |
| 1918 | – Women over the age of 30 were given voting rights and the right to stand for Parliament – End of the First World War |
| 1920 - 1929 | |
| 1920 | The Cenotaph, the centre piece to the Remembrance Day service, was unveiled |
| 1920s | – Many people’s living conditions in the UK got better – The television was developed by John Logie Baird |
| 1921 | A peace treaty was signed between the British government and the Irish Nationalists |
| 1922 | – Ireland became two countries-The BBC started radio broadcasts – The Northern Ireland Assembly was established |
| 1923 | R A Butler became a Conservative MP |
| 1927 | The BBC started organising the Proms |
| 1928 | – Women were given the right to vote at the age of 21, the same as men – Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin |
| 1929 | The world entered the “Great Depression” |
| 1930 - 1939 | |
| 1933 | – Adolf Hitler came to power in Germany |
| 1935 | The first successful radar test took place |
| 1936 | The BBC began the world’s first regular television service |
| 1939 | – Adolf Hitler invaded Poland. Britain and France declared war on Germany – Mary Peters, a talented athlete, was born – Sir Jackie Stewart, a Scottish former racing driver who won the Formula 1 world championship three times, was born |
| 1940 - 1949 | |
| 1940 | – German forces defeated allied troops and advanced through France – Winston Churchill became Prime Minister – The British won the crucial aerial battle against the Germans,called “the Battle of Britain” |
| 1940s | Roald Dahl began to publish books and short stories |
| 1941 | – German invasion of the Soviet Union – The United States entered the war when the Japanese bombed its naval base at Pearl Harbour – The Beveridge Report was commissioned – R A Butler became responsible for education |
| 1942 | Publication of the report Social Insurance and Allied Services, known as the Beveridge Report |
| 1944 | – Allied forced landed in Normandy on the 6th of June – Introduction of the Education Act, often called “The Butler Act” |
| 1945 | – The Allies comprehensively defeated Germany – The war against Japan ended – Winston Churchill lost the General Election – Alexander Fleming won the Nobel prize in Medicine – The British people elected a labour government – Clement Attlee became Prime Minister |
| 1947 | Independence was granted to nine countries, including India, Pakistan and Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) |
| 1948 | – Aneurin Bevan, the Minister for Health, led the establishment of the National Health Service (NHS) – People from the West Indies were invited to come to Britain and work |
| 1949 | The Irish Free State became a republic |
| 1950 - 1959 | |
| 1950 | The UK signed the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms |
| 1950s | – Period of economic recovery and increasing prosperity for working people – The hovercraft was invented |
| 1951 – 1964 | Britain had a Conservative government |
| 1951 | Winston Churchill returned as Prime Minister |
| 1952 | – Dylan Thomas wrote Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night – The Mousetrap, a murder-mystery play by Dame Agatha Christie, has been running in the West End since 1952 – Start of Queen Elizabeth II’s reign |
| 1953 | The structure of the DNA molecule was discovered through work at British universities in London and Cambridge |
| 1954 | – First performance of Dylan Thomas’s radio play Under Milk Wood – Sir Roger Bannister became the first man in the world to run a mile under four minutes |
| 1957 | West Germany, France, Belgium, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands formed the European Economic Community (EEC) |
| 1959 | Margaret Thatcher was elected as a Conservative MP |
| 1960 - 1969 | |
| 1960s | James Goodfellow invented the cash-dispensing ATM |
| 1964 | Winston Churchill stood down |
| 1966/67 | Sir Francis Chichester was the first person to sail single-handed around the world |
| 1966 | The English football team won the World Cup |
| 1967 | The first ATM was put into use by Barclays Bank in Enfield, north London |
| 1968 | The Man Booker Prize for Fiction has been awarded since 1968 |
| 1969 | – The Concorde, the world’s only supersonic passenger aircraft, first flew – Monty Python introduced a new type of progressive comedy – The Troubles broke out in Northern Ireland |
| 1970 - 1979 | |
| Early 1970s | Britain admitted 28,000 people of Indian origin who had been forced to leave Uganda |
| 1970 | Margaret Thatcher became a cabinet minister as the Secretary of State for Education and Science |
| 1970s | Period of serious unrest in Northern Ireland |
| 1972 | – The Northern Ireland Parliament was abolished – Mary Peters won an Olympic gold medal in the pentathlon |
| 1973 | The UK joined the European Economic Community |
| 1975 | Margaret Thatcher was elected as Leader of the Conservative Party and so became Leader of the Opposition |
| 1976 | The Concorde, the world’s only supersonic passenger aircraft, began carrying passengers |
| 1978 | The world’s first “test-tube baby” was born in Oldham, Lancashire |
| 1979 | Margaret Thatcher became the first woman Prime Minister of the UK |
| 1980 - 1989 | |
| 1984 | – Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean won gold medals for ice dancing at the Olympic Games – The Turner Prize, celebrating contemporary art, was established |
| 1990 - 1999 | |
| 1990 | – Information was successfully transferred via the web for the first time – Iraqi invasion of Kuwait |
| 1990s | Britain played a leading role in coalition forces involved in the liberation of Kuwait |
| 1996 | Sir Ian Wilmot and Keith Campbell lead a team which was the first to succeed in cloning a mammal, Dolly the sheep |
| 1997 | The Labour Party led by Tony Blair was elected |
| 1998 | The Good Friday Agreement was signed |
| 1999 | – The Northern Ireland Assembly was elected – Creation of the Welsh Assembly and the Scottish Parliament |
| 2000 - 2009 | |
| 2000 | – Mary Peters was made a Dame of the British Empire in recognition of her work – Since 2000, British armed forces have been engaged in the global fight against international terrorism and against the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction |
| 2002 | The Northern Ireland Assembly was suspended |
| 2003 | – The Concorde, the world’s only supersonic passenger aircraft, was retired from service – The Lord of the Rings by JRR Tolkien was voted the country’s best-loved novel |
| 2004 | Dame Ellen MacArthur became the fastest person to sail around the world single-handed |
| 2006 | The Welsh Assembly building was opened |
| 2007 | – The Northern Ireland Assembly was reinstated – Gordon Brown took over as Prime Minister |
| 2008 | Forced Marriage Protection Orders were introduced for England, Wales and Northern Ireland |
| 2009 | British combat troops left Iraq |
| 2010 - present | |
| 2010 | For the first time in the UK since 1974, no political party won an overall majority in the General Election |
| 2011 | – The National Assembly for Wales has been able to pass laws in 20areas without the agreement of the UK Parliament – Protection Orders for forced marriages were introduced in Scotland |
| 2012 | – Bradley Wiggins became the first Briton to win the Tour de France – Mo Farah became the first Briton to win the Olympic gold medals in the 10,000 metres – Queen Elizabeth II’s Diamond Jubilee (60 years as Queen) – The public elected Police and Crime Commissioners (PCCs) in England and Wales |


@InterfaceStability.Evolving public interface StreamWriter extends DataSourceWriter
DataSourceWriter
for use with structured streaming.
Streaming queries are divided into intervals of data called epochs, with a monotonically
increasing numeric ID. This writer handles commits and aborts for each successive epoch.| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
void |
abort(long epochId,
WriterCommitMessage[] messages)
Aborts this writing job because some data writers are failed and keep failing when retried, or
the Spark job fails with some unknown reasons, or
commit(WriterCommitMessage[]) fails. |
default void |
abort(WriterCommitMessage[] messages)
Aborts this writing job because some data writers are failed and keep failing when retry,
or the Spark job fails with some unknown reasons,
or
DataSourceWriter.onDataWriterCommit(WriterCommitMessage) fails,
or DataSourceWriter.commit(WriterCommitMessage[]) fails. |
void |
commit(long epochId,
WriterCommitMessage[] messages)
Commits this writing job for the specified epoch with a list of commit messages.
|
default void |
commit(WriterCommitMessage[] messages)
Commits this writing job with a list of commit messages.
|
createWriterFactory, onDataWriterCommit, useCommitCoordinator
void commit(long epochId, WriterCommitMessage[] messages)
DataWriter.commit()
.
If this method fails (by throwing an exception), this writing job is considered to have been
failed, and the execution engine will attempt to call abort(WriterCommitMessage[])
.
The execution engine may call commit() multiple times for the same epoch in some circumstances.
To support exactly-once data semantics, implementations must ensure that multiple commits for
the same epoch are idempotent.void abort(long epochId, WriterCommitMessage[] messages)
commit(WriterCommitMessage[])
fails.
If this method fails (by throwing an exception), the underlying data source may require manual
cleanup.
Unless the abort is triggered by the failure of commit, the given messages will have some
null slots, as there may be only a few data writers that were committed before the abort
happens, or some data writers were committed but their commit messages haven't reached the
driver when the abort is triggered. So this is just a "best effort" for data sources to
clean up the data left by data writers.default void commit(WriterCommitMessage[] messages)
DataSourceWriter
DataWriter.commit()
.
If this method fails (by throwing an exception), this writing job is considered to to have been
failed, and DataSourceWriter.abort(WriterCommitMessage[])
would be called. The state of the destination
is undefined and @DataSourceWriter.abort(WriterCommitMessage[])
may not be able to deal with it.
Note that speculative execution may cause multiple tasks to run for a partition. By default,
Spark uses the commit coordinator to allow at most one task to commit. Implementations can
disable this behavior by overriding DataSourceWriter.useCommitCoordinator()
. If disabled, multiple
tasks may have committed successfully and one successful commit message per task will be
passed to this commit method. The remaining commit messages are ignored by Spark.commit
in interface DataSourceWriter
default void abort(WriterCommitMessage[] messages)
DataSourceWriter
DataSourceWriter.onDataWriterCommit(WriterCommitMessage)
fails,
or DataSourceWriter.commit(WriterCommitMessage[])
fails.
If this method fails (by throwing an exception), the underlying data source may require manual
cleanup.
Unless the abort is triggered by the failure of commit, the given messages should have some
null slots as there maybe only a few data writers that are committed before the abort
happens, or some data writers were committed but their commit messages haven't reached the
driver when the abort is triggered. So this is just a "best effort" for data sources to
clean up the data left by data writers.abort
in interface DataSourceWriter


Snake-charmers in India
Print from The Queen's empire: a pictorial and descriptive record illustrated from photographs, 1897
General Research Division, The New York Public Library. “Snake-charmers in India” The New York Public Library Digital Collections. 1897. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/906b7eb0-0158-0132-a965-58d385a7bbd0
Man wearing turban and medals
Photograph from Album of photographs of Burma, India and Egypt, c. 1889
The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs: Photography Collection, The New York Public Library. “Man wearing turban and medals” The New York Public Library Digital Collections. 1889. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/510d47d9-623b-a3d9-e040-e00a18064a99
India ; Inde ; Indien.
Illustration, 1876–1888
Charpentier (Lithographer); Firmin-Didot, Paris (Printer)
The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs: Picture Collection, The New York Public Library. “India ; Inde ; Indien.” The New York Public Library Digital Collections. 1876 - 1888. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/510d47e1-1465-a3d9-e040-e00a18064a99
India
Coins of all nations
Cigarette Card, 1889
Duke’s Cigarettes
Caricature wears a patterned headdress, fitted jacket, wrap cloth belt, baggy long pants cinched at the ankle, and roped sandals. Physical and facial characteristics include an aged face with dark skin, stern expression, red lips and lengthy, white beard. He carries active snakes. The “2 Annas” coin was minted by the British for use in India. The other side of this coin bears Queen Victoria's profile.
Surrounding this cigarette card are illustrations from books published in Paris and Munich; a photograph from a book titled The Queen's Empire; a photogravure by American artist Edwin Lord Weeks; and other photos from a souvenir album that included Burma and Egypt.


How do stem cells maintain the capacity to generate the myriad other cell types in our bodies? What gene regulatory circuits control a stem cell’s choice of what cell type to generate via differentiation? We are interested in the transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of pluripotency and self-renewal, the hallmarks of stem cells. We are also interested in the regulated exit from the pluripotent state during cell differentiation. Finally, we aim to understand the extent to which decisions made during development are reversible via cellular reprogramming.


|
Assimp
5.0.1, master @ cd42b955
|
Describes an entry. More...
Public Attributes | |
| int | iOffset |
| Offset from start pointer of file. More... | |
| int | iSize |
| Size of part. More... | |
Describes an entry.
| int Assimp::Q3BSP::sQ3BSPLump::iOffset |
Offset from start pointer of file.
| int Assimp::Q3BSP::sQ3BSPLump::iSize |
Size of part.


Nov 16, 19 - The audio-focus-enforcement flag in ChromeOS has finally been removed, and I couldn't figure out how to turn this feature off. So, if a person plays an audio, and then another sound comes into play (e.g. a notification sound or a bell sound), the volume of the playing audio would be lowered for a few seconds before it's back to normal. What a way to enjoy music! ChromeOS machines were enjoyable to use.
May 31, 19 - The other day, I implemented the sequence alignment algorithm as a part of a homework assignment. Being a bit lazy, I implemented the naïve algorithm, which required the allocation of 10^8 integers, and I thought it would be fine as that was roughly 400MB of integers. However, the program was terminated due to lack of memory even though the machine had more than 2GB of free memory. As it turned out, the size of an integer in Python is 24 bytes. Interestingly, I would not had known this fact if I hadn't been lazy, or if I had bothered to use a slightly better machine.
May 10, 19 - Replacing a new tab with a blank page on Chrome.
May 10, 19 - Running SCIP without sudo.
Apr 10, 19 - The laundry song. However, I prefer the French version.
Feb 24, 19 - Can't believe that I feel quite disappointed when c.xkcd.com doesn't work.
Feb 14, 19 - Compiling without -j option.
Jan 04, 19 - River Crossing Puzzle (draft).
Dec 30, 18 - Solutions to Microsoft Q# Coding Contest - Summer 2018 on Codeforces (draft).
Dec 15, 18 - Solution for ECS 150 Projects: Operating Systems.
Oct 24, 18 - Start


Introduction
Upload
Cluster
Download
Download option goes here
Get Summary
{{output_summary}}
Download Summary(.txt)
Download Clustered File(.xlsx)
{{download_text}}


@import uk.gov.hmrc.govukfrontend.views.html.components._
@()
@govukDateInput(DateInput(
id = Some("passport-issued"),
namePrefix = Some("passport-issued"),
items = Some(Seq(
InputItem(
classes = "govuk-input--width-2 govuk-input--error",
name = "day",
value = Some("6")
),
InputItem(
classes = "govuk-input--width-2 govuk-input--error",
name = "month",
value = Some("3")
),
InputItem(
classes = "govuk-input--width-4 govuk-input--error",
name = "year",
value = Some("2076")
)
)),
hint = Some(Hint(content = Text("For example, 12 11 2007"))),
errorMessage = Some(ErrorMessage(content = Text("The date your passport was issued must be in the past"))),
fieldset = Some(Fieldset(
legend = Some(
Legend(
content = Text("When was your passport issued?"),
isPageHeading = true,
classes = "govuk-fieldset__legend--xl"
)
)
))
))


Previous: file-error, Up: Files Dictionary
file-error-pathname condition ⇒ pathspec
file-error-pathname
condition—a condition of type file-error.
pathspec—a pathname designator.
Returns the "offending pathname" of a condition of type file-error.
file-error, Conditions


The configuration defines a map of services in either JSON or YAML. Crane can read from multiple configuration files and merge them. By default it reads (in this order, last one wins) docker-compose.yml
, docker-compose.override.yml
, crane.yml
and crane.override.yml
. This can be overwritten by passing --config
(multiple times if desired) or setting CRANE_CONFIG
(use colons to specify multiple files). If the given paths are relative, Crane searches for the configuration in the current directory, then recursively in the parent directory.
An example config looks like this:
services:
cranedev:
image: michaelsauter/golang:1.7
rm: true
interactive: true
tty: true
volume: ["$GOPATH:/go"]
workdir: /go/src/github.com/michaelsauter/crane
command: ["sh"]
The configuration knows the following top-level keys:
The map of services consists of the name of the container mapped to the container configuration, which is made up of the following keys. You may specify either the "Compose key" or the "Crane key", both have the same effect.
| Crane / Compose key | Type | Notes |
|---|---|---|
image | string | If not given, the service name will be used |
build | object | Maps to docker build . Keys:
|
requires /depends_on | array | Container dependencies |
add-host /extra_hosts | array | |
blkio-weight | integer | |
blkio-weight-device | array | |
cap-add /cap_add | array | |
cap-drop /cap_drop | array | |
cgroup-parent /cgroup_parent | string | |
cidfile | string | |
cpu-period | integer | |
cpu-quota | integer | |
cpuset | integer | |
cpu-shares | integer | |
detach | boolean | |
detach-keys | string | |
devices /device | array | |
device-read-bps | array | |
device-read-iops | array | |
device-write-bp | array | |
device-write-iops | array | |
dns | array | |
dns-opt | array | |
dns-search /dns_search | array | |
entrypoint | string | |
env /environment | array/map | Can be declared as a string array with "key[=value]" items or a string-to-string mapping where each key: value will be translated to the corresponding "key=value" string. |
env-file /env_file | array | |
expose | array | |
external_links | array | Link to container started outside of Crane. |
group-add /group_add | array | |
health-cmd healthcheck>test | string | Array form of docker-compose is not (yet) supported. |
health-interval healthcheck>interval | string | |
health-retries healthcheck>retries | integer | |
health-timeouts healthcheck>timeout | string | |
hostname | string | |
init | boolean | |
interactive /stdin_open | boolean | |
ip | string | |
ip6 | string | |
ipc | string | The container:id syntax is not supported, use container:name if you want to reuse another container IPC. |
isolation | string | |
kernel-memory | string | |
label /labels | array/map | Can be declared as a string array with "key[=value]" items or a string-to-string mapping where each key: value will be translated to the corresponding "key=value" string. |
label-file | array | |
link /links | array | Doubles as a dependency when used without a custom network. |
log-driver | string | Use logging for docker-compose. |
log-opt | array | Use logging for docker-compose. |
lxc-conf | array | |
mac-address /mac_address | string | |
memory | string | |
memory-reservation | string | |
memory-swap | string | |
memory-swappiness | integer | |
net /network_mode | string | The container:id syntax is not supported, use container:name if you want to reuse another container network stack. |
net-alias | array | |
networks | array/map | If a map is used, each network can be configured with additional options: alias /aliases , ip /ipv4_address and ip6 /ipv6_address . |
oom-kill-disable | boolean | |
oom-score-adj | string | |
pid | string | |
privileged | boolean | |
publish /ports | array | |
publish-all | boolean | |
read-only /read_only | boolean | |
restart | string | |
rm | boolean | |
runtime | string | |
security-opt /security_opt | array | |
share-ssh-socket | boolean | Adds --volume $SSH_AUTH_SOCK:/ssh-socket and --env SSH_AUTH_SOCK=/ssh-socket , which forwards the hosts' SSH agent into the container |
shm-size /shm_size | string | |
sig-proxy | boolean | true by default |
stop-signal /stop_signal | string | |
tmpfs | array | |
tty | boolean | |
ulimit | array | |
user | string | |
uts | string | |
volume /volumes | array | In contrast to plain Docker, the host path can be relative. |
volume-driver /volume_driver | string | |
volumes-from | array | |
workdir /working_dir | string | |
cmd /command | array/string | Command to append to docker run (overwriting CMD ). |
See the Docker documentation for more details about the parameters.
Docker networks are supported via the top-level config networks
. Networks are automatically created by Crane when necessary, and never cleaned up. When a prefix is used, it is also applied to the network.
Containers may have dependencies that should be started prior to themselves. Once configured via requires/depends_on
, Crane will take care of start order etc.
services:
foo:
requires: ["bar"]
networks:
qux:
bar:
networks:
qux:
alias: ["baz"]
networks:
qux:
default
network for you, and all containers connect to it using their name as an alias. Therefore, containers can reach each other by name.
Docker volumes are supported via the top-level config volumes
. Volumes are automatically created by
Crane when necessary, and never cleaned up. When a prefix
is used, it is also applied to the volume.
services:
foo:
volume: ["bar:/path"]
volumes:
bar:
Next to services, you can also specify groups, and then execute Crane commands
against those groups. If you do not specify any target, the command will apply
to all services. However, you can override this by specifying a default
group. Groups of services can be specified like this (YAML shown):
services:
database1:
../..
database2:
../..
service1:
../..
service2:
../..
groups:
default: ["service1", "database1"]
databases: ["database1", "database2"]
services: ["service1", "service2"]
This could be used like so: crane provision service1
, crane run databases
or crane up services
. crane status
is an alias for crane status default
in this example. If default
were not specified, then crane up
would start
database1
, database2
, service1
and service2
.


Looking for Learn ClojureScript? I have moved all of the content that was previously hosted on this blog to a dedicated book site.
Go to this lesson: {{ page.lesson-name }}
Looking for Learn ClojureScript? I have moved all of the content that was previously hosted on this blog to a dedicated book site.
Go to this lesson: {{ page.lesson-name }}


Create News Items
You now know how you can read data from a database using CodeIgniter, but you haven’t written any information to the database yet. In this section, you’ll expand your news controller and model created earlier to include this functionality.
Enable CSRF Filter
Before creating a form, let’s enable the CSRF protection.
Open the app/Config/Filters.php file and update the $methods
property like the following:
<?php
namespace Config;
use CodeIgniter\Config\BaseConfig;
class Filters extends BaseConfig
{
// ...
public $methods = [
'post' => ['csrf'],
];
// ...
}
It configures the CSRF filter to be enabled for all POST requests. You can read more about the CSRF protection in Security library.
Warning
In general, if you use $methods
filters, you should disable Auto Routing (Legacy)
because Auto Routing (Legacy) permits any HTTP method to access a controller.
Accessing the controller with a method you don’t expect could bypass the filter.
Create a Form
Create news/create View File
To input data into the database, you need to create a form where you can input the information to be stored. This means you’ll be needing a form with two fields, one for the title and one for the text. You’ll derive the slug from our title in the model.
Create a new view at app/Views/news/create.php:

<?= esc($title) ?>

<?= session()->getFlashdata('error') ?>
<?= validation_list_errors() ?>
<form action="/news" method="post">
<?= csrf_field() ?>
Title
<input type="input" name="title" value="<?= set_value('title') ?>">

Text
<textarea name="body" cols="45" rows="4"><?= set_value('body') ?></textarea>

<input type="submit" name="submit" value="Create news item">
</form>
There are probably only four things here that look unfamiliar.
The session()
function is used to get the Session object,
and session()->getFlashdata('error')
is used to display the error related to CSRF protection
to the user. However, by default, if a CSRF validation check fails, an exception will be thrown,
so it does not work yet. See Redirection on Failure for more information.
The validation_list_errors()
function provided by the Form Helper
is used to report errors related to form validation.
The csrf_field()
function creates a hidden input with a CSRF token that helps protect against some common attacks.
The set_value()
function provided by the Form Helper is used to show
old input data when errors occur.
News Controller
Go back to your News
controller.
Add News::new() to Display the Form
First, create a method to display the HTML form you have created.
<?php
namespace App\Controllers;
use App\Models\NewsModel;
use CodeIgniter\Exceptions\PageNotFoundException;
class News extends BaseController
{
// ...
public function new()
{
helper('form');
return view('templates/header', ['title' => 'Create a news item'])
. view('news/create')
. view('templates/footer');
}
}
We load the Form helper with the
helper()
function. Most helper functions require the helper to be
loaded before use.
Then it returns the created form view.
Add News::create() to Create a News Item
Next, create a method to create a news item from the submitted data.
You’re going to do three things here:
checks whether the submitted data passed the validation rules.
saves the news item to the database.
returns a success page.
<?php
namespace App\Controllers;
use App\Models\NewsModel;
use CodeIgniter\Exceptions\PageNotFoundException;
class News extends BaseController
{
// ...
public function create()
{
helper('form');
// Checks whether the submitted data passed the validation rules.
if (! $this->validate([
'title' => 'required|max_length[255]|min_length[3]',
'body' => 'required|max_length[5000]|min_length[10]',
])) {
// The validation fails, so returns the form.
return $this->new();
}
// Gets the validated data.
$post = $this->validator->getValidated();
$model = model(NewsModel::class);
$model->save([
'title' => $post['title'],
'slug' => url_title($post['title'], '-', true),
'body' => $post['body'],
]);
return view('templates/header', ['title' => 'Create a news item'])
. view('news/success')
. view('templates/footer');
}
}
The code above adds a lot of functionality.
Validate the Data
You’ll use the Controller-provided helper function validate() to validate the submitted data. In this case, the title and body fields are required and in the specific length. CodeIgniter has a powerful validation library as demonstrated above. You can read more about the Validation library.
If the validation fails, we call the new()
method you just created and return
the HTML form.
Save the News Item
If the validation passed all the rules, we get the validated data by
$this->validator->getValidated() and
set them in the $post
variable.
The NewsModel
is loaded and called. This takes care of passing the news item
into the model. The save() method handles inserting or updating the
record automatically, based on whether it finds an array key matching the primary
key.
This contains a new function url_title()
. This function -
provided by the URL helper - strips down
the string you pass it, replacing all spaces by dashes (-
) and makes
sure everything is in lowercase characters. This leaves you with a nice
slug, perfect for creating URIs.
Return Success Page
After this, view files are loaded and returned to display a success message. Create a view at app/Views/news/success.php and write a success message.
This could be as simple as:

News item created successfully.

NewsModel Updating
The only thing that remains is ensuring that your model is set up
to allow data to be saved properly. The save()
method that was
used will determine whether the information should be inserted
or if the row already exists and should be updated, based on the presence
of a primary key. In this case, there is no id
field passed to it,
so it will insert a new row into it’s table, news
.
However, by default the insert and update methods in the Model will
not actually save any data because it doesn’t know what fields are
safe to be updated. Edit the NewsModel
to provide it a list of updatable
fields in the $allowedFields
property.
<?php
namespace App\Models;
use CodeIgniter\Model;
class NewsModel extends Model
{
protected $table = 'news';
protected $allowedFields = ['title', 'slug', 'body'];
}
This new property now contains the fields that we allow to be saved to the
database. Notice that we leave out the id
? That’s because you will almost
never need to do that, since it is an auto-incrementing field in the database.
This helps protect against Mass Assignment Vulnerabilities. If your model is
handling your timestamps, you would also leave those out.
Adding Routing Rules
Before you can start adding news items into your CodeIgniter application you have to add an extra rule to app/Config/Routes.php file. Make sure your file contains the following:
<?php
// ...
use App\Controllers\News;
use App\Controllers\Pages;
$routes->get('news', [News::class, 'index']);
$routes->get('news/new', [News::class, 'new']); // Add this line
$routes->post('news', [News::class, 'create']); // Add this line
$routes->get('news/(:segment)', [News::class, 'show']);
$routes->get('pages', [Pages::class, 'index']);
$routes->get('(:segment)', [Pages::class, 'view']);
The route directive for 'news/new'
is placed before the directive for 'news/(:segment)'
to ensure that the form to create a news item is displayed.
The $routes->post()
line defines the router for a POST request. It matches
only a POST request to the URI path /news, and it maps to the create()
method of
the News
class.
You can read more about different routing types in Setting Routing Rules.
Create a News Item
Now point your browser to your local development environment where you installed CodeIgniter and add /news/create to the URL. Add some news and check out the different pages you made.
Congratulations
You just completed your first CodeIgniter4 application!
The diagram underneath shows your project’s app folder, with all of the files that you created or modified.
app/
├── Config
│ ├── Filters.php (Modified)
│ └── Routes.php (Modified)
├── Controllers
│ ├── News.php
│ └── Pages.php
├── Models
│ └── NewsModel.php
└── Views
├── news
│ ├── create.php
│ ├── index.php
│ ├── success.php
│ └── view.php
├── pages
│ ├── about.php
│ └── home.php
└── templates
├── footer.php
└── header.php


Arrows are a function shorthand using the => syntax. They are syntactically similar to the related feature in C#, Java 8 and CoffeeScript. They support both expression and statement bodies. Unlike functions, arrows share the same lexical this as their surrounding code. If an arrow is inside another function, it shares the “arguments” variable of its parent function.
//Self demo example
var selfDemo = {
_wakeUp: "7",
_mates: [1, 2],
beAwesome() {
this._mates.forEach(function() {
console.log(this._wakeUp);
})
}
}
//Self demo example
var selfDemo = {
_wakeUp: "7",
_mates: [1, 2],
beAwesome() {
this._mates.forEach(() => console.log(this._wakeUp))
}
}
ES2015 classes are a simple sugar over the prototype-based OO pattern. Having a single convenient declarative form makes class patterns easier to use, and encourages interoperability. Classes support prototype-based inheritance, super calls, instance and static methods and constructors.
class Rectangle {
constructor(height, width) {
this.height = height;
this.width = width;
}
get area() {
return this.calcArea();
}
calcArea() {
return this.height * this.width;
}
}
const square = new Rectangle(10, 10);
console.log(square.area);
class Point {
constructor(x, y) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
}
static distance(a, b) {
const dx = a.x - b.x;
const dy = a.y - b.y;
return Math.sqrt(dx*dx + dy*dy);
}
}
const p1 = new Point(5, 5);
const p2 = new Point(10, 10);
console.log(Point.distance(p1, p2));
class Cat {
constructor(name) {
this.name = name;
}
speak() {
console.log(this.name + ' makes a noise.');
}
}
class Lion extends Cat {
speak() {
super.speak();
console.log(this.name + ' roars.');
}
}
Template strings provide syntactic sugar for constructing strings. This is similar to string interpolation features in Perl, Python and more. Optionally, a tag can be added to allow the string construction to be customized, avoiding injection attacks or constructing higher level data structures from string contents.
// Basic literal string creation
`This is a pretty little template string.`
// Multiline strings
`In ES5 this is
not legal.`
// Interpolate variable bindings
var name = "Bob", time = "today";
`Hello ${name}, how are you ${time}?`
Destructuring allows binding using pattern matching, with support for matching arrays and objects. Destructuring is fail-soft, similar to standard object lookup foo["bar"], producing undefined values when not found.
// list matching
var [a, ,b] = [1,2,3];
a === 1;
b === 3;
// object matching
var { op: a, lhs: { op: b }, rhs: c }
= getASTNode()
// object matching shorthand
// binds `op`, `lhs` and `rhs` in scope
var {op, lhs, rhs} = getASTNode()
// Can be used in parameter position
function g({name: x}) {
console.log(x);
}
g({name: 5})
Callee-evaluated default parameter values. Turn an array into consecutive arguments in a function call. Bind trailing parameters to an array. Rest replaces the need for arguments and addresses common cases more directly.
function f(x, y=12) {
// y is 12 if not passed (or passed as undefined)
return x + y;
}
f(3) == 15
function f(x, ...y) {
// y is an Array
return x * y.length;
}
f(3, "hello", true) == 6
function f(x, y, z) {
return x + y + z;
}
// Pass each elem of array as argument
f(...[1,2,3]) == 6
Language-level support for modules for component definition. Codifies patterns from popular JavaScript module loaders (AMD, CommonJS). Runtime behaviour defined by a host-defined default loader. Implicitly async model – no code executes until requested modules are available and processed.
// lib/mathplusplus.js
export * from "lib/math";
export var e = 2.71828182846;
export default function(x) {
return Math.exp(x);
}
// app.js
import * as math from "lib/math";
// otherApp.js
import {sum, pi} from "lib/math";
console.log("2π = " + sum(pi, pi));


Influenza cases A(HN)pdm influenza pandemic (.%) patients (.) age positive {border-style reported px;} #ffffff;} case confirmed study deaths virus group []. associated infection like suspected years analysis observed (HN) India Table clinical days death hospital population risk studies Odisha disease followed number px; time {font-family Med. No. affected font-size laboratory state activity data diagnosis double; epidemic experiments; flu hospitalized hospitals onset season spread (%) CFR Contributed Government Health Medical Positive Tamiflu border-color border-width breath cases. common data; distribution factors fever gap health high higher hospitalization illness infected materials, noted paper. peak reagents, referred respiratory samples solid; swine symptom throat tools underlying using wise {font-style {font-weight (Table Bhubaneswar Flu Real Res. Suspected Swine Wrote Year [alt-text] admission based bold collected community conditions cough courier; designed different em; fatal features i.e. illness. information low medical monsoon neurological new pregnant private pt;} rate severe severity shortness shown started swabs symptoms total year


DARK CITY (director: Alex Proyas; cast: Rufus Sewell, Kiefer Sutherland, Jennifer Connelly, Richard O'Brien, Ian Richardson, William Hurt 1998)
DARK CITY is a sci - fi/noir thriller, that portends to deliver a message relating to the powers of the mind and the meaning of identity. Everything attempted here has been done before, but that still doesn't take away from the film's feeling of looking like it is an original. Credit must go to the creative use of special effects and the outstanding set designs used for its bedimmed city.
The film opens with the protagonist (Sewell) waking up in a tub in a hotel room with a murdered prostitute. He is suspected of being the serial killer who is plaguing the city. And since he is not sure if he did it or not, he has a dazed look on his puss, like he will have throughout the entire film. Just then, he receives a call from Sutherland, who displays the crazed mannerisms of a Nazi - type of a doctor, those more concerned about their inhuman experiments than the treatment of their patients. Sewell is warned to get out of there immediately, and sure enough there are strange creatures, who are called Strangers, coming after him. The police are also in pursuit, they suspect Sewell of being the serial killer they are looking for. Hurt is the deadpan, hard - nosed type of movie cop you would see in a 40s noir film, leading the investigation.
The Strangers we are told in the voice - over that begins the film, are human-like aliens from another planet, who have altered the memories of everyone in this city and have changed everyone's identity, so that no one really knows who is who. They just assume the identity that is secretly given to them. The Strangers have forced Sutherland, who is not a Stranger, into working for them to inject a serum into those whose identities are being changed. The city remains dark at all times, and at midnight everyone becomes unconscious. Somehow Sewell slipped through the cracks of the Strangers, and even though he has no idea of who he is, he knows he can't be a murderer. He will become from now on the source of our information about what the Strangers are all about. He will be on the run for the remainder of the film, innocent though he may be, just like a protagonist in earlier noir films, questioning authority and trying to pull himself together, unsure of whom to trust. His visit to the Automat brought back pleasant memories of my childhood in NYC, but this Automat was cheerless and cold, only its bright lights served as a sharp contrast to the dark eeriness of this city.
Sewell fingers a postcard with a serene picture of Shell Beach on it, that he has found in his pocket. Shell Beach seems important to him, but he doesn't know why. He sees it advertised on billboards all over town, but when he asks directions to go there, no one can tell him how to get there. Through Sewell's interminable questioning of everything, he begins to unravel what is going on. He finds out that the Strangers have telekinetic powers, enabling them to put people to sleep by focusing on them, they can also fly and go through walls, and do mind - control tricks.  What they want to find on Earth is how humans live as individuals, what makes them think, and what is a soul. They came to do experiments on humans, using them as if they were guinea pigs. Sewell was made to be a murderer and studied to see how a murderer acts before he got away from their clutches.
Sewell has trouble decifering what is real. He questions his wife (Jennifer), whom he does not even know, and she tells him that she had an affair with someone else. He falls in love with her anyway, and the message of the film becomes only too clear, it is in the heart that the individual is born, and the heart can't be dissected and experimented with like a science blinded by technology and ignorant of the imagination.
Proyas has created a visually challenging movie, that is backed - up by some thoughtful ideas. It is the kind of film that UFO'ers and alien watchers will tell ya', see, I told you there was life out there in space. But to others, this is still only pedestrian stuff, it is not the real deal. And the flat acting did not add anything positive to the story. I enjoyed the film for its ambience and for the creative mood it set. But what diminished its positives, was how the main purpose of the actors seemed to be, to spout robotic messages for the characters they were portraying. I wished that Proyas had enough confidence to allow his visions to do the talking.
REVIEWED ON 9/27/98 GRADE: B
Dennis Schwartz: "Movie Reviews"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>[Image]
http://www.sover.net/~ozus
© ALL RIGHTS RESERVED DENNIS SCHWARTZ
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


§464-2 Licensing of practicing engineers, etc. In order to safeguard life, health, and property, no person except those exempted by sections 464-3 and 464-5 shall practice professional engineering, architecture, land surveying or landscape architecture in the State unless the person is duly licensed under this chapter. [L 1923, c 227, §1; RL 1925, §3683; am L 1931, c 165, §1; RL 1935, §7030; RL 1945, §7602; RL 1955, §166-2; HRS §464-2; am L 1970, c 85, §1; gen ch 1985; am L 1989, c 210, §4]
Case Notes
Contract made by unregistered architect, although illegal, is not necessarily void. 57 H. 124, 551 P.2d 525 (1976).


Event details
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Time
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Priority
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minutes before
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| 1 | package com.matoking.dungeoncrawler.state.entities; | |
| 2 | ||
| 3 | import com.matoking.dungeoncrawler.state.Entity; | |
| 4 | import com.matoking.dungeoncrawler.state.GameMessages; | |
| 5 | import com.matoking.dungeoncrawler.state.GameState; | |
| 6 | ||
| 7 | /** | |
| 8 | * Key is an item the player can pick up. Once player has collected all the keys, | |
| 9 | * the game is won | |
| 10 | * | |
| 11 | * @author matoking | |
| 12 | */ | |
| 13 | public class Key implements Entity { | |
| 14 | private int x; | |
| 15 | private int y; | |
| 16 | | |
| 17 | private GameState gameState; | |
| 18 | | |
| 19 | public Key(GameState gameState, int x, int y) { | |
| 20 | this.gameState = gameState; | |
| 21 | | |
| 22 | this.x = x; | |
| 23 | this.y = y; | |
| 24 | } | |
| 25 | ||
| 26 | // The key won't block anything on the map | |
| 27 | @Override | |
| 28 | public boolean isObstacle() { | |
| 29 | 1 | return false; |
| 30 | } | |
| 31 | ||
| 32 | // The key won't move once placed | |
| 33 | @Override | |
| 34 | public void step() {} | |
| 35 | ||
| 36 | // When player touches the button, remove the key entity and increase player's key count | |
| 37 | @Override | |
| 38 | public void onPlayerTouch() { | |
| 39 | 1 | this.gameState.getPlayer().decreaseKeys(1); |
| 40 | 1 | this.gameState.getGameMap().removeEntity(this); |
| 41 | 1 | this.gameState.getGameLog().addMessage(GameMessages.getKeyPickupMessage()); |
| 42 | | |
| 43 | 1 | if (this.gameState.getPlayer().getRemainingKeys() != 0) { |
| 44 | 1 | this.gameState.getGameLog().addMessage(GameMessages.getKeysRemainingMessage(this.gameState.getPlayer().getRemainingKeys())); |
| 45 | } | |
| 46 | } | |
| 47 | ||
| 48 | @Override | |
| 49 | public int getX() { | |
| 50 | 1 | return this.x; |
| 51 | } | |
| 52 | ||
| 53 | @Override | |
| 54 | public int getY() { | |
| 55 | 1 | return this.y; |
| 56 | } | |
| 57 | ||
| 58 | @Override | |
| 59 | public String getImageName() { | |
| 60 | 1 | return "key"; |
| 61 | } | |
| 62 | | |
| 63 | } | |
Mutations | ||
| 29 |
replaced return of integer sized value with (x == 0 ? 1 : 0) : SURVIVED |
|
| 39 |
removed call to com/matoking/dungeoncrawler/state/Player::decreaseKeys : KILLED -> com.matoking.dungeoncrawler.state.entities.KeyTest.testPlayerPicksUpKey(com.matoking.dungeoncrawler.state.entities.KeyTest) |
|
| 40 |
removed call to com/matoking/dungeoncrawler/state/GameMap::removeEntity : KILLED -> com.matoking.dungeoncrawler.state.entities.KeyTest.testPlayerPicksUpKey(com.matoking.dungeoncrawler.state.entities.KeyTest) |
|
| 41 |
removed call to com/matoking/dungeoncrawler/state/GameLog::addMessage : KILLED -> com.matoking.dungeoncrawler.state.entities.KeyTest.testPickingUpKeyDisplaysMessages(com.matoking.dungeoncrawler.state.entities.KeyTest) |
|
| 43 |
negated conditional : KILLED -> com.matoking.dungeoncrawler.state.entities.KeyTest.testPickingUpKeyDisplaysMessages(com.matoking.dungeoncrawler.state.entities.KeyTest) |
|
| 44 |
removed call to com/matoking/dungeoncrawler/state/GameLog::addMessage : KILLED -> com.matoking.dungeoncrawler.state.entities.KeyTest.testPickingUpKeyDisplaysMessages(com.matoking.dungeoncrawler.state.entities.KeyTest) |
|
| 50 |
replaced return of integer sized value with (x == 0 ? 1 : 0) : KILLED -> com.matoking.dungeoncrawler.state.entities.KeyTest.testPickingUpKeyDisplaysMessages(com.matoking.dungeoncrawler.state.entities.KeyTest) |
|
| 55 |
replaced return of integer sized value with (x == 0 ? 1 : 0) : KILLED -> com.matoking.dungeoncrawler.state.entities.KeyTest.testPickingUpKeyDisplaysMessages(com.matoking.dungeoncrawler.state.entities.KeyTest) |
|
| 60 |
mutated return of Object value for com/matoking/dungeoncrawler/state/entities/Key::getImageName to ( if (x != null) null else throw new RuntimeException ) : NO_COVERAGE |


A Response from RestClient, you can access the response body, the code or the headers.
# File lib/restclient/response.rb, line 15 def Response.create body, net_http_res, args result = body || '' result.extend Response result.net_http_res = net_http_res result.args = args result end
[Validate]
Generated with the Darkfish Rdoc Generator 2.


--- layout: v2 title: Monthly Subscription Pricing | Sagamore Retail ---
Sagamore Retail has a tiered approach to our software subscription pricing. Your monthly price is determined by the number of locations and by the number of active* stations and users each month.
*A user is active if logged in during the month and a station is active if it has processed a sale.
**All customers receive Starter tier pricing for their first location and first two stations.
All customers in all of our subscription tiers receive email support. All inquiries submitted via email or via the Sagamore Retail website will receive a response within 1 business day.
Customers in all of our subscription tiers who wish to receive live support* and other additional support benefits can add Premium Support to their subscription plan.
| Included Support | Premium Support | |
|---|---|---|
| Cost per month | - | 10% of subscription |
| Telephone support | - | Mon-Fri 9am - 10pm Sat/Sun 10am - 9pm (All times EDT) |
| Access to support knowledgebase | Included | Included |
| Online case submission | Included | Included |
| Online/email case response times | 1 business day | 4 business hours |
*Customers who need live assistance but who have not elected to add Premium Support to their subscription can call us and will be billed a minimum of $50 for a one-time support call, or $125/hour, whichever is greater based on the time spent resolving the problem.


--- layout: post title: SOA Debate continues tags: [soa] ---
Benjamin shares with us his views on the great debate about what is a service. So the question is, what can be considered a service and what can’t be? Several proposals for a correct definition are worthwhile commenting:
· A
service is a program that you can communicate with using messages – Don
Box
While I highly respect Don for his views, this just doesn’t get anywhere to
give a definition. First, a service is not necessarily a program. What is a program?
What is considered a program in that definition? Is it any kind of software? Isn’t
a webform control a service, in the sense it is using the message pump to do
a lot of things?
· The
'service' is, IMHO, the combination of a definition of the semantics offered by the
service, a definition of an end-point at which the service can be found, a definition
of the protocol by which the service is invoked, and, somewhere behind all that, something
that can implement all those promises. – Matthew Adams
I agree with Benjamin, this definition while absolutely semantically valid, would
cover any software written for the last 20 years. We have a definition of the semantics,
data structures and APIs, we have a definition of an end-point through the win32 api
giving us the memory location of an entry point in a dll, the protocol used can be
thought of the calling convention (processor specific). Win32 has been delivering
these for a long time, and would the world be highly connected in a highly distributed
way, that could be, or could have been, extended to replace all these memory allocations
and calling conventions across the network (I’ll blog about the Ring# project
that was funded a few years ago on a distributed c# like language for peer 2 peer
addressing of “spaces”). This definition is a good way to ask the question,
but it doesn’t give any answer.
· When
I visualize SOA, I see a bunch of services which are always listening. The user
can wire up those services at run time and different hostings of that service can
have diffent policies. The services can be called over a queue, tcp, HTTP etc.
Eventually, you can even discover the service using WS-Discovery at runtime using
UDDI or some other advanced repository. – Allthings.net
Ok we’re getting closer there, at least closer to my own definition.
What is a service, and in what context we think about a service is the point that must be understood. I do agree that a Message Oriented Architecture and a Service Oriented Architecture are two different beasts altogether. But we must also recognize that the bright minds are absolutely and completely blurring the two with web services, and for one reason: Message Oriented Architecture is one of the best ways to deliver a Service Oriented Architecture. Let’s separate for a second the qualities of each of these architectures.
A message-oriented architecture imply that communication can be done asynchronously through a message based communication protocol. Let me put it clearly:
That’s absolutely as far as it goes. The people still dealing with old technologies knows it. We use a message queue on one side, and get the other side to process the data from the queue. It is asynchronous and is scalable, and we love it. Seeing my queue growing and getting smaller even have some kind of an erotic appeals, late at nights. But now no one said I was normal either.
A service oriented architecture relies on services. Well sometimes you have to state the obvious. What is a service?  Actually, without you knowing how it does it. If you do you’ll always get a higher salary. Anyway.
The other thing we can say about services is that they are independent bricks that can work on their own. A service is a logical cut of functionality that only relies on itself to ensure proper communication with its users. If not, it definitely is a bug.
The service itself is autonomous, both on the way it works, but also on the way you communicate with him. The definition is that a service needs a contract you have to agree upon to communicate. This contract is the protocol you’re using.
A service can also be called synchronously or asynchronously, and that’s to be agreed upon. It’s a behavior contract you need to have with the service to use it properly.
This definition in itself can cover nearly every single piece of reusable software code. To match the blurry definitions, you have to add a few ingredients:
So how, from this definition, does MOA fits? It answers all three requirements:
The last question, which conveniently is the last piece needed to get to our current definition of SOA, is how in hell do you define all these three components in a standard way…
The XML Infoset is not about how you format your messages, but how do you represent in an abstract way your document. The square brackets are just one of the possible serializations of this Infoset. The Infoset itself can then be transparently converted between all the different serializations by only changing the formatting, and preserving the semantics.
With this data model, that is defined with an XSD document to provide rich semantics to a document (rules about what an Infoset is and what it can contain), you can achieve our first goal, that the message is self contained and independent on the transport or on the format.
Soap is an encapsulation mechanism for a processing unit. It contains a body with an Infoset, and an extensible way to add contextual information to our infoset, be it in a request / response, push / pull, publish / subscribe system. It ties the Infoset with the next brick, the behavior contract, by providing, again, a protocol and format independent way to add anything behavior related, in a call context. This call context is a sort of sphere that flows through all your services with your message, a bit like dolphins follows boats when they cross different seas.
This is everything related to, and necessary and / or mandatory for the message based communication to happen while responding to our behavior contract. This is where you add the information, the instance data, of everything you defined in your out of band definition files (WSDL, WS-Policy to some extent, UDDI).
My definition of SOA would be: “Any protocol independent processing unit that can be talked to without relying on knowledge of the specifics of the conditions of execution of the unit, through an agreed behavioral contract, and that can be used without relying on anything outside of that unit, in an asynchronous manner. PS: If it could be messaged based as well that’s always a plus”.
An other definition which could also be valid would be the following: “Any processing unit that can be communicated with using abstract representations not tied to any specific technology.” I’m not fond of it, but it makes you look smart with some people. Please don’t try this at home.
Now if you followed my position on what SOA is all about, the difference between an RPC style and a Message style SOA (as long as we’re talking about proper xsd use for the RPC mechanism, not outdated on crack formatting of type information at the container level) is how clean the message pattern and behavioral contract is designed.
The good thing is that architects still have a few years before being put out of jobs. J
The bad thing is that Whitehorse and Indigo might just kill us again.


Across: 1. Essentially choosing Abel, I chastised one who 24 25 for 15 22 (8) 5. Part of China where small storms said to occur (6) 10. Being so abrupt rubs the wrong way, quite without appeal? (7) 11. Top or exterior (7) 12. 60 forced to accept 501 as they accept electrons (9) 13. Passed dirty material (5) 14. Lied about source of food (4) 15,22dn. A feat of 28 to set this as distortion pedal ends album (4 5 6) 18. Made sly dig in accepting East's concessions (9) 20. Those found twice in 16 in the end (4) 23. Trade off evaluated (5) 25. "Feel" album produced by musician with Jimmy James? (4 5) 27. Craft logo and lettering (7) 28. Notice inside well done as indication of determination (7) 29. Caught TEDx going back to the start (6) 30. Campaigned vigorously, with wildcard used (8) Down: 1. Primate barred King from robbing poor (6) 2. Share control of auxiliary's mineral resource (7) 3. 25's sort of natural gas field disaster in which I almost give up (9) 4. Ends up like crisp pancake (flatter, Gallic) (5) 6. Recommend former partner taking everything back (5) 7. Wrapping King? Clothe "magically" for a bit of a laugh (7) 8. see 17 9. You do wrong when losing head among ultimately impish smug fellows in cowls (8) 15. Craft tonal composition about mysterious bog (8) 16. Amazing stat falls in landscape near Bonneville, Utah (4 5) 17,8. Order of Phoenix edgy, order 25's choice of 12 (8 8) 19. Lost text briefly incorporated "the first shall be last" (7) 21. Looking to the drink in case a war develops (7) 22. see 15 across 24. Pushed bombing of Dover (5) 26. Get out a couple of pieces of clay, crumble & mix to make pigment (5)


Version change from System.Web.Extensions 1.0 to 3.5 is biting me. I love upgrades :)
3/5/2008, 1:46:50 PM
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link--- layout: tweet ---
Version change from System.Web.Extensions 1.0 to 3.5 is biting me. I love upgrades :)
3/5/2008, 1:46:50 PM
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I'm a front-end developer, that occasionally likes to look over the fence to see what the back-end is up to. Recent implant in South Carolina, by way of Northern Israel. I spend my day pounding the, proverbial, internet pavement; fully immersed in HTML, CSS, JavaScript, React, and Bootstrap through freelance projects.
Languages and Frameworks:
Javascript, HTML, CSS, jQuery, Bootstrap, Angular.js, React.js.
Writing code that affects the user interface of a website.
Using languages such as HTML, Java, React js,and CSS as well as design software to complete projects to client specifications.
Revenue Management
Determine, set rates and other prices in order to remain competitive and earn revenue.
Writing code that affects the user interface of a website.
Using languages such as HTML, Java, React js,and CSS as well as design software to complete projects to client specifications.
Front End Developer Course
WordPress Developer, Front End Developer, Visual Designer, Java, Git, Github
Personal Assistant to CEO
Where my passion for coding was born! Particular Software is a SaaS company that provides a distributed system solution to thousand of worldwide clients
Logisitcs / Sub-Contractor Manager
T.A.G. produces, markets and supplies their own brand of arthroscopic surgical instruments to major surgical supplies companies.


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OH HI!
There is nothing
You can find in this page
Why dont you play some youtube videos? 2:24
Youtube


For my birthday I really wanted to go scuba diving. Mom and Dad talked to Dive Exuma and found I could take an introductory dive with out being certified. I meet the dive boat and went to the "Blue Hole" in anchorage #3 on Stocking Island near George Town Bahamas. A blue hole is just that, a deep hole that goes down in the middle of shallower water. The blue hole I dove at goes down about 60 feet.
First they walked me through the safety procedures, made sure I understood what was going to happen and then they loaded me up with the tank, regulator and BC. It sure weighed a lot in the boat but once I was in the water it did not weigh anything.
 We went slowly down the line because by ears took awhile to adjust to the pressure changes. Finally we reached the bottom and knelt on the bottom. I did not have enough weight so kept floating up even though my BC was out of air. Even with that issue I worked with my dive master on how to clear my mask, clear the mouth piece with air, and then we took a fun trip around the area.
I saw a really big fish about 2 feet and a foot big sea cucumber, sea cucumbers are black and mostly in nooks and crannies they shoot water out of themselves as protection. I went down to 40 feet and at 32 feet you have to wait a minute when you are going up so you can get the nitrogen out of your body.


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i am spending time just dealing with refunds and helping the other devs, cant really go into deep coding when in this mode, so i have time to chat
the team is doing great as i was saturated with hack issues for a couple weeks, but releases were made, progress all around. not that visible externally, but internally. some growing pains integrating in the new NN, but season 3 starts in july so a lot of work to get things all setup for that


Tests that content-box and border-box content area dimensions are handled property by the Metrics pane.