Dom Weldon
Principal Software Engineer, decisionLab
http://bit.ly/pyconukdash2019slides
This is a talk about using Dash at work, I apologise to plotly/Dash if anything is out of date or incorrect - get in touch!
I'm a full stack python and javascript developer, why am I using python to write javascript?
Mathematical modelling consultancy based in central London.
Work across defence, infrastructure, intelligence and engineering.
We use mathematical models to build tools to help businesses make decisions.
Python Data and Python Software: different tools and approaches.
Collaboration is key, but can be very time consuming on small projects.
Want to minimise the new technologies required to get a project off the ground.
If I'm building a very basic proof-of-concept (PoC) app for a client, I want my data scientist 👩 to take the lead and rapidly prototype a web application.
Their background probably isn't in web development.
I 👷♂ want to facilitate their work and deploy the tools we build.
Marc was almost ready to implement his "hello world" React app pic.twitter.com/ptdg4yteF1
— Thomas Fuchs 🌵 (@thomasfuchs) March 12, 2016
...and so we found Dash.
Open source, with paid consultancy options.
Project describes itself as experimental, although it recently (June) hit version 1.0
No Javascript! ...and that's a good thing?
$ pip install dash
"""Hello world example."""
import dash
import dash_html_components as html
app = dash.Dash(__name__)
app.layout = html.Div(
children=[html.H1(children="Hello Cardiff!")]
)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.run_server(debug=True)
$ virtualenv -p python3 venv # or whatever floats your boat
$ pip install -r requirements.txt
$ python app00.py
First: how does this work in JS / HTML?
⬇
Hello there!
We need a script that sets the innerHTML of Span#helloName to value of Input#helloInput, and monitors it for changes.
Javacript allows us to manipulate the DOM in the browser to do this.
React lets us do this declaratively. Rather than write our own script, we declare the value of something and how it changes.
Precise syntax isn't important, but the value of Input#helloInput would be a prop to the Span#helloName component.
A javascript function ultimately defines how the relationship works.
const spanHelloName = (helloInputValue) => (
{helloInputValue}
);
⬇
Think of these a bit like excel.
They are functions that are called whenever any of their inputs change.
Give the heading an ID, my-h1
app.layout = html.Div(
children=[
html.H1(id="my-h1"),
dcc.Input(
id="my-input",
value="Cardiff",
type="text",
),
]
)
Set its value with a Callback: taking the value of my-input
@app.callback(
Output(
component_id="my-h1",
component_property="children",
),
[
Input(
component_id="my-input",
component_property="value",
)
],
)
def update_output_div(input_value: str) -> str:
return f"Hello {input_value}!" # python >=3.6
$ python app01.py
The code defining the relationship between our components now lives in python. The 🐍 lives on the server.
Whereas in a React app, this would all be managed inside the browser, in Dash it now involves a call to the server (to get the new value for the DIV)
I want to build an app really quickly. Using familiar technologies for data scientists. In order to build a proof-of-concept (PoC), or a very low-use alpha.
As the name implies, it's mostly geared towards building dashboards to display data. But you can also add more transactional and interactive functionality quite easily.
app.layout = html.Div(
children=[
html.H1("Titanic Dataset"),
html.H5("Filter by sex:"),
dcc.Dropdown(
id="my-dropdown",
options=[{"label": "All", "value": "both"}]
+ [
{"label": sex, "value": sex}
for sex in df.Sex.unique()
],
value="both",
),
html.Div(id="my-div"),
dash_table.DataTable(
id="my-table",
columns=[
{"name": i, "id": i} for i in df.columns
],
data=[],
),
]
)
@app.callback(
Output(
component_id="my-table", component_property="data"
),
[
Input(
component_id="my-dropdown",
component_property="value",
)
],
)
def provide_passengers(sex: str) -> Iterable[Mapping]:
if sex == "both":
return df.to_dict("rows")
return df[df.Sex == sex].to_dict("rows")
Full support for a rich suite of graphing functions.
app.layout = html.Div(
children=[
html.H1("Titanic Names"),
dcc.Graph(
id="example-graph",
figure={
"data": [
{
"x": letters,
"y": freq,
"type": "bar",
"name": "Titanic Passengers By First Name",
}
],
"layout": {
"title": (
"Number of Passengers on the Titanic By First "
"Letter of First Name"
)
},
},
),
]
)
Example: basic To-Do list (app04.py) ⬇
app.layout = html.Div(
children=[
html.H1("To Do List"),
html.Ul(
id="my-ul",
children=list_tasks(data_store["tasks"]),
),
dcc.Input(id="my-input"),
html.Button(
id="my-button", n_clicks=0, children="Add"
),
]
)
# replace this with a real data store!
data_store = {"tasks": []}
def list_tasks(tasks: Iterable[str]) -> Iterable[html.Li]:
"""Return list items of tasks."""
return [html.Li(children=task) for task in tasks]
@app.callback(
Output("my-ul", "children"),
[Input("my-button", "n_clicks")],
[State("my-input", "value")],
)
def add_task(
n_clicks: int = 0,
value: str = None,
data_store: Mapping[str, Iterable] = data_store,
) -> Iterable[html.Li]:
"""Called when the button is clicked."""
if value is not None and len(value.strip()):
data_store["tasks"].append(value.strip())
return list_tasks(data_store["tasks"])
But the Dash API limits what you can do.
Dash prevents you from properly accessing Redux. Apps tend not to be "smooth" as a result.
A user interface for a machine learning tool used to detect criminal activity in the Amazon rainforest.
Some tips and lessons learned.
Dash is novel and experimental, so people are always referring to the docs.
All the docs display apps in a single file.
Result: 2,000 line single-file dash apps.
This may seem like very basic coding advice but it's important!
Separation of concerns
$ python -m app05
...because...
This makes our individual modules discrete, reusable and interchangeable.
"""Run the app."""
from .factory import create_app
from .home import * # at dL we parameterize this instead
from .todo import *
from .shopping import *
app = create_app()
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.run_server(debug=True)
def base_layout() -> html.Div:
"""Return a Dash Component which will serve as the top-level layout."""
# register the layout
return html.Div(
[dcc.Location(id='url', refresh=False),] + [html.Div(
html.Ul([
html.Li(
dcc.Link(
route["label"],
href=path
),
)
for path, route in App._ROUTES.items()
])
),
html.Div(id="page_content", children="Click link to continue"),]
)
@classmethod
def route(cls, path) -> dash.development.base_component.Component:
"""Return the desired layout."""
try:
return cls._ROUTES[path]["callable"]()
except KeyError:
return cls._not_found()
@staticmethod
def _not_found() -> html.Div:
return html.Div("Not Found")
$ python -m app06
Once we have a class to declare and manage the app, and factory functions to build it, we can start to integrate other tools to make life for our users easier.
The first such tool we've begun to use is dependency injection, using google/pinject.
For example, this means users can load pandas dataframes, or connect to a database, just by placing a value in a config file and then adding an argument to a callback or layout.
If you're interested in implementing this, please contact me to talk further!
When to stop using Dash and start building a "proper" web application?
Some things Dash isn't great at...
Please contact me for more:


HCP oseltamivir infection {border-style px;} use #ffffff;} adverse influenza study chemoprophylaxis reported control incidence flu-like illness effects chemoprophylactic contact drug measures neuraminidase px; {font-family Health conducted contacts did exposure font-size inhibitors reactions took used (HN) ADRs ICU. Incidence double; healthcare healthy high intake like neuropsychiatric risk significant using Adverse Indian adults border-color border-width dose events mild oseltamivir, patients personnel prevent rates respiratory severity solid; therapeutic {font-style {font-weight Figure Flu ICU India Infect Med Table based bold care cases clinical collected courier; data days difference em; gastritis, group guidelines headache hospital infected nausea, pandemic pt;} rate review severe surgical treatment virus working


The calculated b1 an b3 coefficients are numbered and plotted in the diagram. The colour can be changed with the menu "Colour". The list on the right side shows the calculated coefficients b1, b2, and b3. The lines are:
F = chevron folds
D = parabolic folds
C = semi ellipses
A = box folds.
The numbered lines show increasing amplitudes (HUDDLESTON,
1973).
The coloured field represents the range of possible fold shapes.


[
bst
design
heap
]
Leetcode 1912. Design Movie Rental System
Problem statement
https://leetcode.com/problems/design-movie-rental-system/
Solution
This is a problem with quite heavy statement, but in fact it can be solved pretty strarightforward using SortedList
library in python. The idea is to keep several pieces of information:
self.shops
is dictionary: for every movie we keep sorted list of tuples(price, shop)
.self.shop_movie
is dictionary, which allows us to answer what is price, given shop and movie.self.rented
is SortedList of rented movies so far.
Now, lwt us go through our functions and check how they work:
_ _init_ _
: here we create empty objects, and then fillself.shops
andself.shop_movie
. We keepself.rented
empty, because we did not rent any movies yet.search(movie)
: we go through first5
elements ofself.shops[movie]
and return prices.rent(shop, movie)
: first, we find price, using ourself.shop_movie
dictionary and then remove this movie from given shop and add it to rented.drop(shop, movie)
: very similar to previous one, now we add movie back to shop and remove it from rented.report
Here we look atself.rented
and take5
cheapes movies, that is5
first elements.
Complexity
_ _ init _ _
: time isO(n log n)
, space isO(n)
.search(movie)
: time isO(log n)
, space isO(1)
.rent(shop, movie)
: time isO(log n)
, additional space isO(1)
.drop(shop, movie)
: time isO(log n)
, additional space isO(1)
.report
: time isO(log n)
, space isO(1)
.
Code
from sortedcontainers import SortedList
class MovieRentingSystem:
def __init__(self, n, entries):
self.shops = defaultdict(SortedList) #movie -> (price, shop)
self.shop_movie = {} #(shop, movie) -> price
self.rented = SortedList() # (price, shop, movie)
for s, m, p in entries:
self.shops[m].add((p, s))
self.shop_movie[s, m] = p
def search(self, movie):
return [y for _,y in self.shops[movie][:5]]
def rent(self, shop, movie):
price = self.shop_movie[shop, movie]
self.shops[movie].remove((price, shop))
self.rented.add((price, shop, movie))
def drop(self, shop, movie):
price = self.shop_movie[shop, movie]
self.shops[movie].add((price, shop))
self.rented.remove((price, shop, movie))
def report(self):
return [[y,z] for _,y,z in self.rented[:5]]


EMINEM
Marshall Bruce Mathers III, known professionally as Eminem, is an American rapper, songwriter, record producer and record executive. He is one of the most successful musical artists of the 21st century. In addition to his solo career, Eminem was a member of the hip hop group D12.
-wikipedia-
EMINEM
Marshall Bruce Mathers III (born October 17, 1972), known professionally as Eminem (/ˌɛmɪˈnɛm/; often stylized as EMINƎM), is an American rapper, songwriter, record producer, record executive and actor. He is one of the most successful musical artists of the 21st century.
-wikipedia-
HALSEY
Ashley Nicolette Frangipane, known professionally as Halsey, is an American singer and songwriter. Gaining attention from self-released music on social media platforms, she was signed by Astralwerks in 2014 and released her debut EP, Room 93, later that year.
-wikipedia-
HALSEY
Halsey was born and raised in Clark, New Jersey as Ashley Nicolette Frangipane. She is of Italian, Hungarian, and Irish descent on her mother's side and African-American on her father's side. ... In one of her first interviews, Halsey stated she was diagnosed with bipolar disorder around the age of 16 or 17.
-wikipedia-
HALSEY
Halsey is noted for her distinctive singing voice.Her awards and nominations include four Billboard Music Awards, one American Music Award, three Guinness World Records, an MTV Video Music Award and two Grammy Award nominations. Outside of her career, she has been involved in suicide prevention awareness and sexual assault victim advocacy.
-wikipedia-
BRUNO MARS
Peter Gene Hernandez, known professionally as Bruno Mars, is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, multi-instrumentalist, and dancer. He is known for his stage performances in a wide range of musical styles, including Pop, R&B, funk, soul, reggae, hip hop, and rock.
-wikipedia-
BRUNO MARS
Born Peter Gene Hernandez on October 8, 1985, in Honolulu, Hawaii, popular singer-songwriter Bruno Mars grew up in a very musical family. His father, Pete, was a Latin percussionist from Brooklyn, and his mother, Bernadette ("Bernie"), was a singer. Mars received his nickname, "Bruno," while he was still a baby.
-wikipedia-
BEYONCÉ
Beyoncé Giselle Knowles-Carter is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, and actress. Born and raised in Houston, Texas, Beyoncé performed in various singing and dancing competitions as a child.
-wikipedia-
TUPAC SHAKUR
Tupac Amaru Shakur, popularly known by his stage name 2Pac, was an American rapper and actor. He is considered by many as one of the most significant rappers of all time.
-wikipedia-
TUPAC SHAKUR
Tupac Amaru Shakur (/ˈtuːpɑːk ʃəˈkʊər/ TOO-pahk shə-KOOR; born Lesane Parish Crooks, June 16, 1971 – September 13, 1996), popularly known by his stage name 2Pac, was an American rapper and actor. He is considered by many as one of the most significant rappers of all time.
-wikipedia-
SIA
Sia Kate Isobelle Furler is an Australian singer, songwriter, voice actress and music video director. She started her career as a singer in the acid jazz band Crisp in the mid-1990s in Adelaide. In 1997, when Crisp disbanded, she released her debut studio album titled OnlySee in Australia.
-wikipedia-
SIA
Sia Kate Isobelle Furler (/ˈsiːə/ SEE-ə; born 18 December 1975) is an Australian singer, songwriter, voice actress and music video director. She started her career as a singer in the acid jazz band Crisp in the mid-1990s in Adelaide. ... Since then, Sia has usually worn a wig that obscures her face to protect her privacy.
-wikipedia-


{% extends 'base.html' %} {% import 'macros.html' as macro %} {% block styles %} {% endblock %} {% block content %}
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Fisseha Atsbaha
Task List
Task
Required by
Category
Personal
Work
Family
Sports
Name
Due
Category
Return Library books
2019-04-12
Personal
Perform project demo to stakeholders
2019-04-13
Work
Meet friends for dinner
2019-04-14
Personal
You have 3 tasks


--- title: EDCR Rwanda layout: default bodyClass: page-home ---
We provide training, strategies and certification program that will assist young Rwandans to embrace micro, small and medium scale enterprises as alternative employment options.


Welcome to the Great Number Game!
I am thinking of a number between 1 and 100
Take a guess!
{{session['feedback']}}
Play again!
Reset


HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language and it is the language which is used to define the structure of a web page. HTML is used along with CSS and Java script to design web pages. HTML is the basic building block of a website. It has different attributes and elements with different properties.Each element has a opening and a closing tag. We can also add images by the help of HTML.
CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets and it is used to style web documents. It is used to provide the background color and is also used for styling. It can also be used to style the font and change its size. We can also style many different web pages with the same specifications by the help of CSS. CSS is also recommended by World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). It can also be used along with HTML and Java script to design web pages.
Loops are useful for when you need to do the same task multiple times, or even forever. An analogy would be a thermostat. When you set a thermostat, the thermostat will check the temperature. If the room temperature is below the target temperature, the thermostat will tell the heater to turn on, if the room temperature is equal to or above the target temperature it will tell the heater to turn off. It has to do this repeatedly to ensure the room is at the right temperature which is why a loop is necessary.
The Document Object Model (DOM) is a cross-platform and language-independent interface that treats an XML or HTML document as a tree structure wherein each node is an object representing a part of the document. The DOM represents a document with a logical tree. Each branch of the tree ends in a node, and each node contains objects. DOM methods allow programmatic access to the tree; with them one can change the structure, style or content of a document.When a web page is loaded, the browser creates a Document Object Model of the page, which is an object oriented representation of an HTML document that acts as an interface between JavaScript and the document itself. This allows the creation of dynamic web pages,because within a page JavaScript can:
Ever seen some data in square brackets and curly brackets in JavaScript? These are Arrays and Objects respectively.Objects are used to represent a “thing” in your code. That could be a person, a car, a building, a book, a character in a game — basically anything that is made up or can be defined by a set of characteristics. In objects, these characteristics are called properties that consist of a key and a value.
We use arrays whenever we want to create and store a list of multiple items in a single variable. Arrays are especially useful when creating ordered collections where items in the collection can be accessed by their numerical position in the list.
In JavaScript, a function allows you to define a block of code, give it a name and then execute it as many times as you want.A JavaScript function can be defined using function keyword.


Coverage Summary for Class: Constant (com.se128.jupiter.util.constant)
| Class | Class, % | Method, % | Line, % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Constant | 100% (1/ 1) | 50% (1/ 2) | 80% (4/ 5) |
1 package com.se128.jupiter.util.constant;
2
3 public class Constant {
4 //user
5 public static final String USER_ID = "userId";
6 public static final String USER_TYPE = "userType";
7 public static final String USERNAME = "username";
8 public static final String PASSWORD = "password";
9 public static final String GOODS_ID = "goodsId";
10 public static final String ORDERS = "orders";
11 public static final String PHONE = "phone";
12 public static final String GOODS_TYPE = "goodsType";
13 public static final String DETAIL_ID = "detailId";
14 public static final String NAME = "name";
15 public static final String PAGE_ID = "pageId";
16 public static final String PAGE_SIZE = "pageSize";
17 public static final String SIZE = "size";
18 public static final String NUMBER = "number";
19 public static final Integer NUMBER_OF_TYPE = 4;
20 public static final String AUCTION_ID = "auctionId";
21 public static final String OFFER = "offer";
22 public static Integer ADMIN = 0;
23 public static Integer Customer = 1;
24 public static Integer BAN = -1;
25
26 }
27
28


#include "_doctype.html"
curl - Commercial Support
#include "css.t"
#define FEATURE yes |
#define MISSING no |
#define UNKNOWN ??? |
#define NEWEVEN
#define NEWODD
#define ENDLINE
#define CURL_SUPPORT
#define CURL_URL support.html
#include "_menu.html"
#include "setup.t"
WHERE1(Commercial Support)
TITLE(Commercial Support)
Commercial curl support is offered via wolfSSL.
Daniel Stenberg, the founder and lead developer of curl, works for and with
wolfSSL to provide world class support to customers.
At wolfSSL we offer full commercial support on curl done by the masters of
curl. We can handle
- curl customization
- ports to new operating systems
- feature development
- patch maintenance
- bug fixing
- upstreaming
- training
- code reviews of libcurl API use
- security scanning your curl use
...and more - with several different support options from basic up to full
24/7 support.
Get in touch! or email us
directly at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>We know curl better than anyone else!
#include "_footer.html"


$def with (profile) $:{TITLE("User Management", "Administrator Control Panel", "/admincontrol")}
${profile['userid']}
${profile['email']}
$:{LOCAL_TIME(profile['unixtime'], '{date} {time}')}
${profile['ip_address_at_signup']}
Address was not recorded.
${profile['staff_notes']} of ’em
No active login sessions for this user.
Update value
Remove


The entry point to Azure is the Azure Portal, which you will become familiar with as you work through the labs. Before you can use the portal, you need to activate an Azure subscription. The purpose of this lab is to get you set up with an Azure subscription. Before you do that, you will use a remote-desktop client to connect to a Windows 10 virtual machine (VM) that has been prepared for you and is already running in the cloud. Azure doesn't require Windows, and in fact you can access the Azure Portal and Azure services from any browser running on any operating system. But for the purposes of today's labs, you will use a Windows VM so you can run certain tools such as Visual Studio 2015 that are only available on Windows.
In this hands-on lab, you will:
The following is required to complete this hands-on lab:
This hands-on lab includes the following exercises:
Estimated time to complete this lab: 30 minutes.
In this exercise, you will remote into a Windows 10 virtual machine (VM) that has been prepared for you. The VM contains all the tools you need to work the labs in this course, including Visual Studio 2015, Visual Studio Code, Node.js, and many others.
Start the remote-desktop client installed on your laptop.
Connect to the VM whose address was provided to you by the instructor. When prompted for credentials, use the user name azureuser and the password Azure4cs! (including the exclamation mark).
Connecting to the lab VM
You will probably be warned that the publisher of the remote-desktop connection can't be verified. If so, ignore the warning.
The first time you connect to the VM, there will be a momentary delay as the Windows desktop is prepared for you. When it's ready, you will see the desktop with a list of shortcuts to Visual Studio 2015 and other tools on the left.
The Windows desktop in the VM
Now that you are connected to the lab VM, the next task is to activate an Azure subscription.
When you log in to the Azure Portal, you do so using a Microsoft account. A given account can have multiple Azure subscriptions associated with it. When you consume Azure services through the portal — when, for example, you store data in a storage account or deploy a high-performance computing (HPC) cluster — those services are billed against one of the subscriptions associated with your account.
An Azure Pass is a free subscription that provides $500 worth of credits for up to 30 days. Currently, you can only use an Azure Pass with a given Microsoft account one time. If you already have a Microsoft account and are certain that it that has never been used with an Azure Pass, then you can skip this exercise and proceed to Exercise 3. If you don't have a Microsoft account, or if you do but aren't sure whether it has ever been used with an Azure Pass, follow the steps below to create a new Microsoft account.
In the VM, double-click one of the browser shortcuts on the desktop to start the browser of your choice — for example, Google Chrome or Microsoft Edge.
In the private browsing window, navigate to the Microsoft account sign-up page at https://signup.live.com.
Creating a new Microsoft account
Type in the information requested and at the bottom of the page, click the Create account button. Remember the user name and password you entered because you will need them to log in to the Azure Portal.
You can use any e-mail address you'd like as the user name for your new Microsoft account, but you can't use an e-mail address that has already been used to create a Microsoft account. If you need a new e-mail address, click Get a new email address under the User name box near the top of the form.
If you're prompted to provide further information or perform additional actions, follow the instructions on-screen to finish creating the Microsoft account.
Now that you have a Microsoft account, you can activate your Azure Pass.
In this exercise, you will use the Azure Pass code you were given to activate an Azure Pass subscription and associate it with your Microsoft account.
In your browser, navigate to https://www.microsoftazurepass.com. Select a country from the drop-down list labeled Please Select Country, and type the activation code you were given into the box underneath the drop-down list. Then click the Submit button.
Entering the activation code
If your activation code is accepted, you will be asked to sign in using your Microsoft account. Click the Sign in button.
Signing in
What happens next will vary depending on how many and what types of Microsoft accounts you have. The goal is to sign in using the credentials for the new Microsoft account you created in Exercise 2, or for your existing Microsoft account if you skipped Exercise 2. Ultimately, you will probably be asked to enter the user name and password for that account. Type them in and click the Sign in button.
Signing in with your Microsoft account
You will now be returned to the Azure Pass site and asked to verify your first and last names. Confirm that they are correct and click the Submit button.
Verifying your Microsoft account information
Click the Activate button to activate your Azure Pass.
Activating your Azure Pass
After a few moments, you will be asked to provide additional information, including a contact phone number. Enter your phone number and check the I agree to the subscription agreement, offer details, and privacy statement box. Then click the Sign up button and do not close the browser as it can take several minutes to activate the Azure Pass.
Completing the activation process
After several minutes, you'll be told "Your subscription is ready for you!" Do not click the Start managing my service button. Instead, close the browser window.
Your subscription is ready!
Open a new browser window and navigate to the Azure Portal at https://portal.azure.com. If you're asked to choose which Microsoft account to log in with, select the one that you used to activate your Azure Pass. If you're asked to enter a user name and password for that account, do so. Once you're logged in, the portal will appear in your browser.
The Azure Portal
Now let's confirm that your Azure Pass was activated and associated with your Microsoft account.
In this exercise, you will learn how to view the subscriptions associated with your Microsoft account, and how to view usage data regarding those subscriptions.
Click Subscriptions in the ribbon on the left side of the page.
Viewing Azure subscriptions
Confirm that Azure Pass appears among the list of subscriptions associated with your account, and that the subscription status is Active. Then click Azure Pass.
 What's important is that Azure Pass is one of them.
A new blade — that is, a window within the browser window — opens in the portal showing usage data and billing information for your Azure Pass. Since you just activated the subscription, there will probably be no charges listed. However, you can check back here from time to time to keep track of the charges being billed to your subscription.
Usage data for your Azure Pass
You will learn more about the Azure Portal as you work through the day's labs. More importantly, you will get first-hand experience with some of the services that Azure offers and learn how to use them to build cloud-based applications that are scalable and robust.
In this hands-on lab, you learned how to:
The portal will be your home for everything Azure and your gateway for using the cloud.
Copyright 2016 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Except where otherwise noted, these materials are licensed under the terms of the MIT License. You may use them according to the license as is most appropriate for your project. The terms of this license can be found at https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT.


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Transfer Funds


Created by Todd E. Qualls / @teqknowledgy
Presentation source code and code samples can be found here:
https://github.com/tqheel/ts_classes_prez
(All code samples included in this repository were taken from the TypeScriptLang.org tutorials found
here)
// Place your settings in this file to overwrite the default settings
{
// 64-bit PowerShell if available, otherwise 32-bit
"terminal.integrated.shell.windows": "C:\\Windows\\sysnative\\WindowsPowerShell\\v1.0\\powershell.exe",
// Git Bash
"terminal.integrated.shell.windows": "C:\\Program Files\\Git\\bin\\bash.exe"
}
$ tsc awesome_ts_file
or, if you have a tsconfig.json file, you can configure tsc to compile
all files in particular file paths, generate sourcemap files, and
gazillions of other things that Roger Spratley will be happy to elaborate on,
ad infinitum.
{
"compilerOptions": {
"module": "commonjs",
"noImplicitAny": true,
"removeComments": true,
"preserveConstEnums": true,
"sourceMap": true
},
"include": [
"demo/**/*"
]
}
One of TypeScript’s core principles is that type-checking focuses on the shape that values have. This is sometimes called “duck typing” or “structural subtyping”. In TypeScript, interfaces fill the role of naming these types, and are a powerful way of defining contracts within your code as well as contracts with code outside of your project.
interface LabelledValue {
label: string;
}
function printLabel(labelledObj: LabelledValue) {
console.log(labelledObj.label);
}
let myObj = {size: 10, label: "Size 10 Object"};
printLabel(myObj);
Which transpiles to JavaScript as:
function printLabel(labelledObj) {
console.log(labelledObj.label);
}
var myObj = { size: 10, label: "Size 10 Object" };
printLabel(myObj);
Note that we did not have to explicitly "implement" the interface like we would have in C#. In TypeScript, only the "shape" of the object we pass to the function matters.
Not all properties of an interface may be required. Some exist under certain conditions or may not be there at all. These optional properties are popular when creating patterns like “option bags” where you pass an object to a function that only has a couple of properties filled in.
interface SquareConfig {
color?: string;
width?: number;
}
function createSquare(config: SquareConfig): {color: string; area: number} {
let newSquare = {color: "white", area: 100};
if (config.color) {
newSquare.color = config.color;
}
if (config.width) {
newSquare.area = config.width * config.width;
}
return newSquare;
}
let mySquare = createSquare({color: "black"});
Sometimes you want to only allow properties to be modified when an object is first created. For that, TypeScript offers Readonly parameters:
interface Point {
readonly x: number;
readonly y: number;
}
let p1: Point = { x: 10, y: 20 };
p1.x = 5; // error!
let a: number[] = [1, 2, 3, 4];
let ro: ReadonlyArray<number> = a;
ro[0] = 12; // error!
ro.push(5); // error!
ro.length = 100; // error!
a = ro; // error!
a = ro as number[]; //no error. Hooray!
interface SquareConfig {
color?: string;
width?: number;
}
function createSquare(config: SquareConfig): { color: string; area: number } {
// ...
}
let mySquare = createSquare({ colour: "red", width: 100 });
The TypeScript compiler applies excess property checking to object literals when assigning them to other variables or passing them as arguments. In the last line above, we have "colour" instead of "color" in the first property of the argument. This typo generates an error at compile time (see demo/example4.ts).
interface SearchFunc {
(source: string, subString: string): boolean;
}
let mySearch: SearchFunc;
mySearch = function(src: string, sub: string): boolean {
let result = src.search(sub);
return result > -1;
}
Note that function parameter names do not have to match in order for functions to correctly type-check.
See demo/example5.ts
interface StringArray {
[index: number]: string;
}
let myArray: StringArray;
myArray = ["Bob", "Fred"];
let myStr: string = myArray[0];
interface NumberDictionary { [index: string]: number; length: number; // ok, length is a number name: string; // error, the type of 'name' is not a subtype of the indexer }
see demo/example7.ts
interface ReadonlyStringArray {
readonly [index: number]: string;
}
let myArray: ReadonlyStringArray = ["Alice", "Bob"];
myArray[2] = "Mallory"; // error!
See demo/example8.ts
As with other languages, the most common usage of interfaces is enforcing a contract:
interface ClockInterface {
currentTime: Date;
}
class Clock implements ClockInterface {
currentTime: Date;
constructor(h: number, m: number) { }
}
Interfaces can also be used to describe methods that must be implemented by any class inheriting from the interface:
(demo/example10.ts)
interface ClockInterface {
currentTime: Date;
setTime(d: Date);
}
class Clock implements ClockInterface {
currentTime: Date;
setTime(d: Date) {
this.currentTime = d;
}
constructor(h: number, m: number) {}
}
Note that since no return type is specified, setTime has return type of "any".
A class has two types: the type of the static side and the type of the instance side. If you create an interface with a construct signature and then attempt to implement that interface for a class, the TypeScript compiler will genertate an error.
(demo/example11.ts)
interface ClockConstructor {
new (hour: number, minute: number);
}
class Clock implements ClockConstructor {
currentTime: Date;
constructor(h: number, m: number) { }
}
Only the "instance" side of a class is checked for type. The class constructor sits on the static side of the class, so it is not included in the check against the implemented interface. In this case a required part of the implementation appears to be missing.
To avoid this implementation issue, you work directly with the static side of the class (demo/example12.ts):
interface ClockConstructor {
new (hour: number, minute: number): ClockInterface;
}
interface ClockInterface {
tick();
}
class DigitalClock implements ClockInterface {
constructor(h: number, m: number) { }
tick() {
console.log("beep beep");
}
}
class AnalogClock implements ClockInterface {
constructor(h: number, m: number) { }
tick() {
console.log("tick tock");
}
}
function createClock(ctor: ClockConstructor, hour: number, minute: number): ClockInterface {
return new ctor(hour, minute);
}
interface Shape {
color: string;
}
interface Square extends Shape {
sideLength: number;
}
let square = <Square>{};
square.color = "blue";
square.sideLength = 10;
interface Shape {
color: string;
}
interface PenStroke {
penWidth: number;
}
interface Square extends Shape, PenStroke {
sideLength: number;
}
let square = <Square>{};
square.color = "blue";
square.sideLength = 10;
square.penWidth = 5.0;
See demo/example13.ts
JavaScript is a dynamically-typed language, which makes it very flexible. We can take advantage of this flexibility on the TypeScript side by combining some of the types from our earlier discussions:
interface Counter {
(start: number): string;
interval: number;
reset(): void;
}
function getCounter(): Counter {
let counter = <Counter>function (start: number) { };
counter.interval = 123;
counter.reset = function () { };
return counter;
}
When an interface type extends a class type it inherits the members of the class but not their implementations . It is as if the interface had declared all of the members of the class without providing an implementation. Interfaces inherit even the private and protected members of a base class. This means that when you create an interface that extends a class with private or protected members, that interface type can only be implemented by that class or a subclass of it .
If we have a complex chain of inheritance, and want to ensure that our code only works with subtypes that have certain properties, we might employ code like the following (demo/example15.ts):
class Control {
private state: any;
}
interface SelectableControl extends Control {
select(): void;
}
Traditional JavaScript uses functions and prototype-based inheritance to build up reusable components , but this may feel a bit awkward to programmers more comfortable with an object-oriented approach, where classes inherit functionality and objects are built from these classes. Starting with ECMAScript 2015, also known as ECMAScript 6, JavaScript programmers will be able to build their applications using this object-oriented class-based approach. In TypeScript, we allow developers to use these techniques now, and compile them down to JavaScript that works across all major browsers and platforms, without having to wait for the next version of JavaScript.
class Greeter {
greeting: string;
constructor(message: string) {
this.greeting = message;
}
greet() {
return "Hello, " + this.greeting;
}
}
let greeter = new Greeter("world");
This should be familiar ground to a C# programmer, since it has:
Other familiar aspects:
class Animal {
name: string;
constructor(theName: string) { this.name = theName; }
move(distanceInMeters: number = 0) {
console.log(`${this.name} moved ${distanceInMeters}m.`);
}
}
class Snake extends Animal {
constructor(name: string) { super(name); }
move(distanceInMeters = 5) {
console.log("Slithering...");
super.move(distanceInMeters);
}
}
Note:
In C#, class members are "private" by default...
...but in TypeScript, members of a class are "public" by default:
class Animal {
public name: string;
public constructor(theName: string) { this.name = theName; }
public move(distanceInMeters: number) {
console.log(`${this.name} moved ${distanceInMeters}m.`);
}
}
The class members above could have been written without the "public" modifier. They would still be accessible from outside the class.
As with C# and other programming languages, a class member marked "private" cannot be accessed outside of the its class:
class Animal {
private name: string;
constructor(theName: string) { this.name = theName; }
}
new Animal("Cat").name; // Error: 'name' is private;
A more complex example:
class Animal { private name: string; constructor(theName: string) { this.name = theName; } } class Rhino extends Animal { constructor() { super("Rhino"); } } class Employee { private name: string; constructor(theName: string) { this.name = theName; } }
Are Rhino and Employee compatible types? (demo/example17.ts)
Much like private, protected limits the accessibility of class members.
However, members marked as protected are visible to derived classes.
(demo/example18.ts)
class Person {
protected name: string;
constructor(name: string) { this.name = name; }
}
class Employee extends Person {
private department: string;
constructor(name: string, department: string) {
super(name);
this.department = department;
}
public getElevatorPitch() {
return `Hello, my name is ${this.name} and I work in ${this.department}.`;
}
}
class Octopus {
readonly name: string;
readonly numberOfLegs: number = 8;
constructor (theName: string) {
this.name = theName;
}
}
let dad = new Octopus("Man with the 8 strong legs");
dad.name = "Man with the 3-piece suit"; // error! name is readonly.
class Octopus {
readonly numberOfLegs: number = 8;
constructor(readonly name: string) {
}
}
First, let's look at an example without without getters and setters:
class Employee {
fullName: string;
}
let employee = new Employee();
employee.fullName = "Bob Smith";
if (employee.fullName) {
console.log(employee.fullName);
}
Imagine that we want to require a passcode before an instance of Employee can be modified:
(demo/example20.ts)
class Employee {
private _fullName: string;
get fullName(): string {
return this._fullName;
}
set fullName(newName: string) {
if (passcode && passcode == "secret passcode") {
this._fullName = newName;
}
else {
console.log("Error: Unauthorized update of employee!");
}
}
}
Note: Accessors are only available when tsc is set to target ES5 or greater.
We can also create "static" properties that are available to the class itself, but not available to instances of the class:
(demo/example21.ts)
class Grid {
static origin = {x: 0, y: 0};
calculateDistanceFromOrigin(point: {x: number; y: number;}) {
let xDist = (point.x - Grid.origin.x);
let yDist = (point.y - Grid.origin.y);
return Math.sqrt(xDist * xDist + yDist * yDist) / this.scale;
}
constructor (public scale: number) { }
}
let grid1 = new Grid(1.0); // 1x scale
let grid2 = new Grid(5.0); // 5x scale
console.log(grid1.calculateDistanceFromOrigin({x: 10, y: 10}));
console.log(grid2.calculateDistanceFromOrigin({x: 10, y: 10}));
abstract class Animal {
abstract makeSound(): void;
move(): void {
console.log("roaming the earth...");
}
}
class Greeter {
static standardGreeting = "Hello, there";
greeting: string;
greet() {
if (this.greeting) {
return "Hello, " + this.greeting;
}
else {
return Greeter.standardGreeting;
}
}
}
class Point {
x: number;
y: number;
}
interface Point3d extends Point {
z: number;
}
let point3d: Point3d = {x: 1, y: 2, z: 3};


Hobbiton
If you're a fan of the Hobbit/Lord of The Rings films, you probably know that it was all filmed in New Zealand. We managed to go see several of the locations while we were in the country, but with most of them you kind of have to use your imagination to picture how it was used in the movie. It's been 13 years since the first movie was released and the landscape has changed or grown in the years since filming.
We had many recommendations to go to the Alexander Farm in Matamata, the large, sprawling farm which was the location for the set of Hobbiton (where the hobbits live). We went back and forth on it before we got to New Zealand, because it was a lot of money when you're on a budget ($75 each - which adds up to our entire budget for the day)! But more and more people told us it was "must-see": someone who had never even seen the movies said it was definitely worth going.
So we went! And it was amazing. It looks exactly like it does in the movies. At the time of filming no one really knew how big the movies were going to be, or how much it would affect the tourism to New Zealand, and so they tore down the majority of the set. People still flocked to the site in droves, and the local farm owners started giving tours, and improving the set again. When it came time to film The Hobbit, the owners of the farm had one condition: they had to be able to keep the set after it was done. Since everything had been removed, they had to rebuild anyway, and so this time they built everything to be permanent.
The tour starts off at the visitor centre where you pile onto a bus. The farm is so huge that you can't even see anything until you're right there.
We chose the last tour of the day, which actually ended up being a really good idea. We got a bit more time (it ended later than it was supposed to), and it never seemed rushed since we didn't have a group behind us. It was a bit of a different tour from normal, we were told, because there was an event going on in the Green Dragon pub that evening. Instead of going to the pub for a drink at the end, we went there first! We had a bit of a look at the start of Hobbiton along the way, seeing our first hobbit holes of the day!
At the pub, we had the choice between four drinks (a couple ales, a cider, and a ginger beer), and had time to look around and take pictures of the pub.

The Bywater bridge into Hobbiton past Sandyman's Mill, although very authentic looking, is not actually an old stone bridge, but a more modern bridge with a fake facade. Until you actually walk on it and hear hollow footsteps and see the stones up close it's pretty realistic though.
After the pub we moved on to the rest of the set. It was really quite picturesque! Rolling hills and hobbit holes everywhere. The party tree was huge, and there was actual smoke (well, from a smoke machine) coming out of the chimneys of the hobbit holes.
We were able to take pictures outside of most of the hobbit holes, and even got to go inside one of them!
Our guide was really good, informing us of which scenes happened where (and describing them for those of us who hadn't seen the movies in awhile, or who hadn't seen them at all), who lived in each hobbit hole (well, the significant ones anyway), and giving us some behind-the-scenes information about the location.
One interesting filming trick they used is that the first few hobbit holes are quite small, at around half size, with later holes a bit bigger. Only a few (such as Sam's and Bag End) are actually full size. In the movies many of the hobbits you see around Hobbiton were actually children.
Bilbo's house, as befitting his social status, was the largest in the village, and is right at the top of the hill. It even had the "no admittance except on party business" sign out front!
Just past Bilbo's house on the hill, we got a great view down towards the party tree and the area around it.
At the end of the tour we had a bit more time to spend around the party tree, taking some last pictures and asking our guide any questions we had.
As the last tour of the day, we got a few extra things. Our guide showed us an extra hobbit hole occupied by a carpenter. The details they put into the sets are extraordinary and things you wouldn't appreciate without thinking about them. For example the little fruit trees in front of houses have little hobbit-size ladders to reach the tops, even though a human could reach the top easily. In fact, since the books called for plum trees, but real plum trees are too large for the set, they used apple and pear trees instead. Before filming, they picked off all the fruit and replaced them with plums.
Overall it was really, really cool, and a highlight of the trip! I'm not even a huge fan of the LOTR/Hobbit series, but the whole atmosphere was great. Definitely worth going to, even if you're not a fan of the movies! If we go back, we'll visit again and try and get into one of the dinner tours at the Green Dragon.


The Cal Alumni Association (CAA) and EOP established a partnership in Fall 2014 to provide academic support to new The Kruttschnitt Aspire Scholarship Program (KASP) and The Achievement Award Program (TAAP) scholarship recipients. EOP will work closely with both KASP and TAAP scholars to ensure that they are completing appropriate courses that will lead to major completion and career and academic goals post graduation.
The Process
Students can apply to the TAAP and KASP scholarships
online
. Once students are selected and awarded a scholarship they must attend a retreat at the beginning of the academic semester in Fall. The retreat is scheduled during the last week of August. In the retreat EOP will work with students around team building and transition issues from high school to college life (for example addressing Imposter Syndrome, Survivors Guilt, Depression, Fear of Success, Empty Nest Syndrome, Anxiety, Depression, and Homesickness.
TAAP and KASP Program Requirements
1.Full-time enrollment at UC Berkeley
2.Evening scholar meetings and events throughout the academic year
3.10 hours of community service and outreach per semester
4.
Satisfactory Academic Progress
as defined by the Office of Financial Aid and the scholars college
Application Period and Deadline
Students must apply to the TAAP scholarship before they are accepted to UC Berkeley. To be eligible for TAAP, first year applicants and transfer students must have parents who's annual income is less than $86,000 a year. Students need to complete their high school diploma, GED, or IGECT. There are no immigration status requirements for the scholarship. The student must apply to UC Berkeley to begin school in the Fall of the following year and the student needs to SIR by May 1 of that year.
KASP has the same requirements but the only significant difference is that students must identify as African American, Chicano/Latino, and/or American Indian/Alaska Native.
Scholarship Duration
Under TAAP and KASP frosh receive $6000 per year and a laptop. The scholarship is active for 8 semesters. Transfer students receive $6000 per year and a laptop the scholarship is active for 4 semesters.
Application Period and Deadline
Applications are only available
online
. No post-mailed, emailed, or faxed applications will be accepted. Please refer to website for updated deadlines.
Additional Info:


Psalms 59:14
And at evening let them return; and let them make a noise like a dog, and go round about the city.


Exemple 1: basic usage and search with country name
Exemple 2: basic usage with outputFormat
{{phoneNumber2}}
Exemple 3: into form and search with country Code
Exemple 4: into form with required phoneNumber and custom Error message and json output
Exemple 5: preferredCountryCodes and defaultCountryCode
{{phoneNumber3}}
Exemple 6: width change
Exemple 7: change Language


Feel free to view my personal Facebook page and message me through it. Many of my photos demonstrate who I am as a person, inside and outside of the workplace.
Browse my personal LinkedIn page. Here you can view my resume, achievements, and professional experiences. Feel free to network or message me here.
Enjoy viewing my project portfolio from Github. The majority of my projects I have worked on appear here. Projects consist of Ruby, Javascript, and AngularJS functionality
I am fairly new to the Instagram scene. However, I enjoy it's many abilities to quickly manipulate photos. I suspect in the long run I will be using Instagram for photography purposes. Feel free to enjoy my photos as I slowly add them here.


Haggard Ian Wright on brink of quitting I'm A Celebrity after just four days
The I'm A Celebrity campmates were concerned for football pundit Ian Wright's wellbeing after his worrying confession - and he was taken back to dark days under Arsene Wenger
by Kyle O'Sullivan, https://www.mirror.co.uk/authors/kyle-osullivan/Haggard Ian Wright looks to be on the brink of quitting I'm A Celebrity after just four days.
The football pundit made a worrying confession about his struggles with the lack of food during tonight's show.
Presenter Dec Donnelly has frequently voiced his belief that the former Arsenal striker will be first to "crack" - and it seems he may be proved right.
Rugby player James Haskell and comedian Andrew Maxwell voiced their concern for Ian's wellbeing during an intimate chat.
Talking in the Bush Telegraph, Ian said: "I don’t think it’s even been 5 days yet and I’m already struggling with the eating."
Trying to build Ian's confidence, James said: "This isn’t about cakes and food, it’s about…"
Interrupting the rugby star, competitive Ian suggested: "Survival".
Giving some solid advice, James continued: "This is about fuelling your body so you can get through the day."
Ian even claimed the lack of food took him back to some dark days under former Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger.
Talking in the Bush Telegraph, Ian said: "When Arsene Wenger first came to Arsenal we literally changed from eating what we wanted, to bland food.
"It’s almost taking me back to remember how bland the food was."
James told fellow sportsman Ian that he was approaching the food situation all wrong and insisted it’s just fuel.
Still in the Bush Telegraph, Ian said: "James and Andrew have concern for me eating, it’s nice."
James, Andrew and Ian all sang songs as they had a shower to try and build a positive vibe in camp.
This came just hours after Dec predicted that we were close to an Ian meltdown.
Speaking on Extra Camp on Tuesday night, the Geordie presenter said: "He might blow, he might just go."
When Emily Atack admitted she felt sorry for Ian, Dec replied: "It's the food situation that is going to get him I think.
"So let's see how they do in the trial, I think it could be a really fun trial actually. But I think he might just crack today."
* I'm A Celebrity...Get Me Out Of Here! airs on ITV at 9pm


GloBI is sourced from, and integrates with, many existing external datasets. As datasets are independently managed, GloBI continually discovers and revisits data sources to include recent updates or changes.  If you are interested to learn about dataset management, please go here, or perhaps read the blog post "Life stages of Species Interaction Datasets".
Please submit an issue for suggestions or bugs.
| status | dataset stats, config and citation |
|---|


According to Newman, "The portrait is a form of biography. Its purpose is to inform now and to record for history." He reminds us in this straightforward statement that a portrait is a record of a moment in time, of history writ large and made for the ages — a moment that is frozen as if in a glacier, to be unearthed by anthropologists in the future. However, when we start to dig deeper, to scan all the complex information in one of Newman's photographs, his words "to record for history" become symbolic of far more. His pictures often hold within them some of the clues to understanding the personalities he depicts: a colorful mask, an aesthetic presence, an interior silence, a creative psychology, or a relationship to the surrounding space or other people. He understands that photography always reveals some truth in its gaze and creates a fictional paradigm from this veracity.
Newman's portraits record specific histories and interpret the personalities he photographs. He connects these to the pictorial environment that best represents his intuitive understanding of a person. He creates a visual tension between a moment and a psychological presence. It is this tension — between the instant we see and the eternity that makes up our interior lives — that brings these pictures to life. They are not documents of events but photographs created with broad strokes. They elucidate something as intangible as a personality, using all available tools to uncover a relationship between his subjects and their changing world.
Text by Philip Brookman, from Arnold Newman


Wayne Bennett needed to realise Great Britain brand means more than England
Tour Down Under hamstrung by Bennett failing to draw distinction between Great Britain and England and insistence on picking NRL-based players
by Nigel Wiskar, https://www.mirror.co.uk/authors/nigel-wiskar/It was a familiar and quite painful moment and yet there was still something quite irritatingly brilliant about it.
With the last play of Great Britain’s final 2006 Tri Nations game, winger Gareth Raynor tried a desperate chip and chase deep in Australian territory only for a large pair of hands to snatch the ball.
Nathan Hindmarsh shovelled it to Cameron Smith to (inevitably) Darren Lockyer to Karmichael Hunt whose crossfield kick was gathered by winger Brent Tate to score in the corner.
High up in the stand with friends on that humid night in Brisbane I remember almost laughing at the freakish killer play. Almost.
As Great Britain supporters we were used to these sickening late stings.
And yet there were reasons to be proud. The game was dead when Tate went over to make it 33-10.
But that night the chasers didn’t give up.
Gareth Ellis, Gareth Hock, Paul Wellens and Danny McGuire all desperately hared back in forlorn pursuit.
Lads born in Leeds, Wigan, St Helens - our lads - never gave up.
Fast forward 13 years and that Great Britain defeat and the feel-good vibe of that trip seems a distant memory.
Watching from low down on a British sofa for the last three weeks has been painful at best.
When you put aside a fan’s passion for the team, it’s actually no great shock they’ve lost three games on the bounce given the players unavailable, the inevitable injuries and the strength of the opposition.
Tonga beat Australia after seeing off GB and any Kiwi team with a spine of three of their nation’s most dynamic and captivating players ever in Roger Tuivasa-Sheck, Shaun Johnson and Benji Marshall is a match for anyone at any time.
But it’s the manner in which this tour has been thought out, the players selected to fill those gaps and, most importantly, the words of the coach which have done the damage and betrayed the brand.
It started with the World Nines, a glorious couple of days of action only marred by the blinkered selection choices of England coach Wayne Bennett.
His team sheet looked archaic, like an England T20 cricket team opening the batting with Geoff Boycott and Chris Tavare.
In their final game, a predictable defeat to the Kiwis, England had four props in their 13.
Compare that with Australia who started with one front row in their winning 13.
Bennett simply picked players who would switch shirts to GB when they moved across the Tasman to New Zealand.
He may have been financially hamstrung by his RFL paymasters and limited in choice with who he could take out to Sydney. But it’s more likely he wanted time with the bulk of the players who would form his Great Britain side.
Imagine picking a side with speed, picking the likes of say Keiran Dixon, Mason Caton-Brown, Darnell Macintosh, Greg Eden. Let Jake Trueman and George Williams have a proper crack and add other young halves and quicker forwards. Play nines, not 13-a-side warm-up.
It has been no better in New Zealand with an obsession with NRL-based players backfiring.
Tom Burgess is the third best of those bruise brothers and you wonder what on earth Liam Watts has done to not be selected ahead of him - apart from the fact he plays in the orange of Castleford and not the orange of Wests Tigers.
It was clear after the first game against Tonga that England were unbalanced by Josh Hodgson, a brilliant hooker for Canberra, dominating the attacking plays.
It has left two fine half-backs, Jackson Hastings and Gareth Widdop, looking lost and treading water behind him.
GB only came to life with the introduction of Daryl Clark from the bench for Hodgson in both the Kiwi defeats - by which time it was far too late to change things.
Bennett admitted he is trying combinations in his halves for the World Cup in 2021.
You might begrudgingly accept his stubbornness and honesty if he didn’t contradict that by picking Chris Hill at prop, Ryan Hall on the wing.
Both have been fine international servants but will be 34 and 33 in two years’ time.
James Graham is 34 now and with Sam Burgess retired the England team is starting to look thinner on the ground already with the Kangaroos bouncing over next year.
Taking just three outside backs was never going to be enough against the juggernauts they faced, and of course that has backfired spectacularly.
But these things wouldn’t matter so much if Bennett talked the talk and pumped up a brand which means so much.
For my generation Great Britain has always meant more than England. The history, certain moments, the strip, the legends. We had Jonathan Davies on OUR side.
Bennett admitted he never even considered St Helens winger Regan Grace because he is not part of the England pathway.
Given the fate of Ash Handley, called up to travel to Papua New Guinea then farcically not selected in the 21, maybe it was for the best for the Welshman.
Bennett has consistently drawn no line between England and Great Britain on the tour.
Why hasn’t he been advised and cajoled by respected figures like Kevin Sinfield into talking up Britain?
Fans have bought the kit, bought into this trip and paid thousands of pounds to travel to the other side of the world. You can only feel sorry for them.
Back in 2006 Great Britain gave me my finest rugby league moment…and there have been many.
Two weeks before that defeat in the heat of Queensland those lads from Yorkshire and Lancashire - and an Irishman on the wing - beat the Aussies in Sydney.
It was tipping it down at times that night but none of the sodden GB fans cared.
We do care about the Great Britain brand, though.
I don’t expect Wayne Bennett to have the fervour of a Papua New Guinean schoolkid when he speaks on behalf of a team steeped in British rugby league history.
But I do expect him to recognise Great Britain is not England.
Those players and fans from Leeds, St Helens and Wigan and crucially the home nations beyond deserve far better.


Stream Graph
In this chapter, we will start to learn DtCraft's stream graph programming model and deploy applications on a cluster. The idea of streaming is analogous to an assembly pipeline, where one end produces data and the other end takes action on the data. In real applications, data streams come continuously and indefinitely, and we need to compute the data soon after they arrive. Our stream graph programming model is developed based on this behavior.
A stream graph consists of three key components,
vertex, stream, and container.
Vertex is used to synchronize all adjacent streams, and to store application-specific data at runtime.
Stream connects vertices and invokes computation callback when data arrive.
Container is used to request resources (cpu, memory) for your program.
The class Graph
is the main entry to create these components.
class Graph {
VertexBuilder vertex();
StreamBuilder stream(key_type, key_type);
ContainerBuilder container();
};
Each graph component is associated with a unique integer key which is deterministically consistent throughout an application's lifetime. Since a graph may be partitioned into different portions running on different machines, we use these keys to enable partial execution and decide which component goes to which partition.
Vertex
Vertex represents a persistent storage to interact with incoming and outgoing streams.
It has a constructor-like callback to synchronize adjacent streams,
and a public std::any
object to store application-specific data.
This is similar to C-style void*
but safer in type conversion.
You can access a particular input stream or output stream at a vertex given a stream key.
In most situations, we only obtain the output stream from a vertex to write data.
The source code of vertex can be found in include/dtc/kernel/vertex.hpp
and src/kernel/vertex.cpp
.
The code below shows a list of common methods to call from a vertex.
class Vertex {
const key_type key; // key of this vertex
std::any any; // store your data of any types
std::shared_ptr<InputStream> istream(key_type key) const;
std::shared_ptr<OutputStream> ostream(key_type key) const;
void remove_ostream(key_type key) const;
void remove_istream(key_type key) const;
template <typename... T>
void broadcast(T&&...) const;
template <typename K, typename... T>
void broadcast_to(K&& keys, T&&...) const;
};
Most methods are easily understandable by their names.
istream
returns a shared pointer to the input stream event at a given key, ornullptr
if not accessible from this vertex.ostream
returns a shared pointer to the output stream event at a given key, ornullptr
if not accessible from this vertex.remove_ostream
removes a output stream event from this vertex at a given key.remove_istream
removes an input stream event from this vertex at a given key.broadcast
writes data to all output streams.broadcast_to
writes data to those output streams specified in a vector of keys.
Performing stream operations through a vertex only makes sense for adjacent streams.
We skip those operations not belonging to the vertex.
Closing one end of a stream will automatically force the other end to close.
When a stream is closed, accessing it will return nullptr
.
Example: Access a Output Stream at a Vertex
The example below writes an integer 123456
through the output stream key
at the vertex v
, and then closes the stream.
auto callback = [key] (dtc::Vertex& v) {
if(auto os = v.ostream(key); os) {
(*os)(123456);
v.close_ostream(key);
}
else {
std::cout << "stream " << key << " doesn't exist or is closed\n";
}
};
Example: Broadcast at a Vertex
The example below writes an integer 123456
through all output streams
at the vertex v
.
auto callback = [key] (dtc::Vertex& v) {
v.broadcast(123456);
};
Note: Removing an input or a output stream is an irreversible operation. There is no chance to reopen a closed stream.
Stream
Stream is the heart of a DtCraft application. Each stream is associated with a pair of vertices and computation callbacks at both ends. The vertex on the output side of a stream is referred to as tail, and head on the input side. We do not allow direct access to a stream object but decompose it to a vertex and an I/O stream event. A stream can be either an inter-stream or an intra-stream, depending on the partition layout of the scheduler. We have unified the callback for both cases. The callback of a stream has the following two forms:
std::function<Event::Signal(Vertex&, OutputStream&)>; // ostream callback
std::function<Event::Signal(Vertex&, InputStream&)>; // istream callback
The input stream callback is invoked when data arrive and the output stream callback is invoked
when data are sent. The kernel autonomously polls to synchronize the stream buffer with the associated
device before delegating control over the stream callback.
You can safely assume in the context of the callback
the stream has been properly synchronized.
The return of the callback is an event signal which can be either dtc::Event::DEFAULT
or dtc::Event::REMOVE
.
Returning dtc::Event::REMOVE
from a callback will force the kernel
to remove the stream event.
Example: Extract Data From an Input Stream
The example below defines an input stream callback that extracts a vector of integers from an input stream event.
auto callback = [] (dtc::Vertex& head, dtc::InputStream& is) {
if(auto std::vector data; is(data) != -1) {
std::cout << "Received a vector of integers at vertex " << head.key << '\n';
return dtc::Event::REMOVE; // remove this stream event
}
return dtc::Event::DEFAULT; // incomplete data, try again later
}
Note: Multiple stream events can happen at the same time. It is users' responsibility to avoid data race when computation needs to synchronize at a vertex storage, for example, a parallel reduction.
Container
DtCraft implements a lightweight Linux container to isolate resources of a graph. Unlike existing frameworks, our container interface allows you to request different resources for different portions of a graph. Currently we support cpu and memory resources. Resources must be requested on a vertex basis. The kernel scheduler partitions the graph based on these requests into topologies and deploys them on remote machines. By default, DtCraft creates one container to include unassigned vertices.
Graph Builder
Every time you create a graph component,
it will not be instantiated until runtime.
Instead, you get a builder object on behalf of a particular graph component.
Each builder object provides a rich set of member functions to initialize the associated attributes.
The source of graph builder can be found in src/kernel/graph.cpp
and
include/dtc/kernel/graph.hpp
.
Vertex Builder
Vertex builder VertexBuilder
lets you initialize the attributes of a vertex.
class VertexBuilder {
const key_type key; // key of the associated vertex
operator key_type() const;
template <typename C>
VertexBuilder& on(C&& c);
VertexBuilder& tag(std::string str);
VertexBuilder& program(std::string command);
};
Each builder method returns a reference to itself similar to the JavaScript builder pattern.
()
implicitly converts the builder to the vertex key.on
sets the associated callback toc
, convertible tostd::function<void(dtc::Vertex&)>
.tag
sets the associated tag tostr
.program
sets the vertex as an external program supplied bycommand
.
Multiple calls to the same method will cause previous values to be replaced by the newest one.
Example: Set a Vertex Callback
The example below creates a vertex and assigns a callback to initialize the any object to a vector of integers.
auto vertex = G.vertex().on(
[] (dtc::Vertex& v) {
v.any = std::vector<int>();
}
);
Example: Set a Vertex Program
The example below creates a vertex program that executes the command /bin/ls -al
.
auto vertex = G.vertex().on(
[] (dtc::Vertex& v) {
std::cout << "Ready to execute '/bin/ls -al'\n";
}
).program("/bin/ls -al");
Stream Builder
Stream builder StreamBuilder
lets you initialize the attributes of a stream.
class StreamBuilder {
const key_type key; // key of the associated stream
operator key_type() const;
template <typename C>
StreamBuilder& on(C&& c);
StreamBuilder& critical(bool flag);
StreamBuilder& tag(std::string str);
};
Each builder method returns a reference to itself similar to the JavaScript builder pattern.
()
implicitly converts the builder to the stream key.on
sets the associated callback toc
, convertible to eitherstd::function<dtc::Event::Signal(dtc::Vertex&, dtc::InputStream&)>
orstd::function<dtc::Event::Signal(dtc::Vertex&, dtc::OutputStream&)>
at compile time.critical
sets the stream to be critical. When a critical stream is closed, the entire application will terminate.tag
sets the associated tag tostr
. This is useful when the stream is connected to a vertex program.
Multiple calls to the same method will cause previous values replaced by the newest one. In most cases, we only set the input stream callback and ignore the output stream callback.
Example: Set a Stream Callback
The example below creates a stream and assigns an input stream callback. The callback prints the number of bytes that are immediately available to read and then closes the stream.
auto tail = G.vertex();
auto head = G.vertex();
auto edge = G.stream(tail, head).on(
[] (dtc::Vertex& v, dtc::InputStream& is) {
std::cout << "stream has " << is.isbuf.in_avail() << " bytes available to read\n";
return dtc::Event::REMOVE;
}
);
Container Builder
Container builder ContainerBuilder
lets you initialize the attributes of a container,
in terms of system resources such as cpu count and memory limit.
The DtCraft kernel creates a lightweight Linux container to isolate your application.
Container only works for distributed mode, where a graph is partitioned to topologies based
on a user-specified container layout.
Local mode simply runs the program under the default resource limit on the user.
class ContainerBuilder {
const key_type key; // key of the associated container
operator key_type() const;
ContainerBuilder& add(key_type key);
ContainerBuilder& cpu(uintmax_t num);
ContainerBuilder& memory(uintmax_t bytes);
ContainerBuilder& space(uintmax_t bytes);
ContainerBuilder& host(std::string hostname);
};
Each builder method returns a reference to itself similar to the JavaScript builder pattern.
()
implicitly converts the builder to the container key.add
adds the vertexkey
to this container.cpu
assignsnum
cpus to this container.memory
assignsbytes
memory to this container.space
assignsbytes
disk space to this container.host
forces this container to run on the machinehostname
.
Container only adds vertex components as streams connections can be determined based on the vertex layout. The stream crossing two containers is called inter-stream and often comes with higher latency than that inside a container, called intra-stream. The DtCraft kernel deploys a graph based on the container layout.
Example: Containerize Vertices in a Graph
The example below creates two containers for two vertices, respectively, in a graph, and requests 1 cpu and 1 GB memory for each.
using namespace dtc::literals;
auto A = G.vertex();
auto B = G.vertex();
auto C1 = G.container().add(A).cpu(1).memory(1_GB);
auto C2 = G.container().add(B).cpu(1).memory(1_GB);
Vertex Program
DtCraft supports the execution of external programs in a graph.
This is particularly useful when you want to create a new stream application on top of
existing or 3rd-party programs.
When a vertex is specified as an external program, the kernel spawns a new program supplied by
the given command.
Connections will be passed to the program through the environment variable DTC_BRIDGES
,
where key is the stream tag and value is the associated file descriptor.
You can retrieve these handles and establish stream channels using your own libraries or our I/O stream API.
The file descriptor passed to an external program is restored to blocking
and open-on-exec.
Example: Execute an External Program in a Vertex
The example below demonstrates how to execute an external program and get the stream handle from its environment variable. When the external program finishes, it closes all adjacent streams which in turn forces all other ends to close.
// Graph program.
auto v = G.vertex().program("demo")
auto u = G.vertex();
auto s = G.stream(u, v).tag("some_id_here");
// Demo program
std::cout << ::getenv("DTC_BRIDGES") << '\n';
Execute a Stream Graph
After you created a stream graph, you can run it under either local mode
or distributed mode.
Local mode runs as a normal process on your operating system and distributed mode
deploys your graph to remote machines.
To execute a stream graph,
you must create an executor
object from your graph and call the method run
.
The executor will take care of runtime controls and interact with the kernel to deploy your graph.
Example: Create an Executor to Run a Stream Graph
The example below demonstrates how to create an executor to execute a stream graph.
dtc::Executor(G).run();
Note: Currently, DtCraft supports only a single graph in one application. Defining more than one stream graph in your program can result in undefined behavior.
Run a Stream Graph Locally
Running a stream graph under local mode is the same as running a binary from your local console.
After the program is successfully compiled, simply type in ./program_name
and pass the
argument list you defined. Local mode does not run any master and agents.
It is always a good idea to ensure your graph run correctly on local mode
before submitting it to a cluster.
Submit a Stream Graph to a Cluster
The submit
script in DtCraft's sbin
directory is used to help
submit an application to a cluster.
Please refer to QuickStart for how to run a stream graph on
distributed mode.
Where to Go from Here?
Congratulations! You have just learnt to create a DtCraft application using our stream graph
programming model. Please refer to examples/
to know more stream graph examples in practice.


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I took a course in android mobile application developement facilitated by google Engineers at The University of Nairobi.
Began to research on Web application design and developement majoring on elements E.g website responsiveness using the bootstrap framework.Also researched on both firebase and Google cloud messaging.
I took a course in Cyber security facilitated by IBM's cyber security Agents at the University of Nairobi.
Co-founder and Chief Legal Advisor
Founder and CEO
Co-founder and Operations Manager
Contrary to the old saying,We often mix business with pleasure as we find more productivity in an environment where people are inspired by passion.


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Landscapes as diverse as savannahs, wooded hills and evergreen forests, all rolled into one place - Wayanad, make it a truly special destination. The district also has a history as interesting as its landscape. It is believed that human life existed here from as early as 4000 BC. The rock carvings and caves of Ambukuthimala substantiate this belief. Large plantations of tea, coffee and spices can be seen here. Lush green paddy fields, from which Wayanad has derived its name (Vayal meaning paddy fields and Naad meaning village) add to its magnificence.
Located at a distance of about 76 kms from Kozhikode, Wayanad is a district that lies at a height of 700m to 2100m above sea level, on the northeastern part of the state. Wayanad is perhaps one of the biggest foreign exchange earners of the state, thanks to its cash crops such as pepper, cardamom, coffee, tea, spices and other condiments. A large percentage of the population in this region is tribal. The native Adivasis mainly consist of various sects like Paniyas, Kurumas, Adiyars, Kurichyas, Ooralis, Kattunaikkans, etc.
Dominated by the Western Ghats, one of the world’s last surviving tracts of tropical biodiversity, Wayanad’s terrain is characterized by stretches of backwoods. Being more or less isolated from the rest of Kerala, the region has a distinctive character, all of its own.
Better known as the Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary, Muthanga is unique for the colours of the forests that change with the seasons. Bordering the Mudumulai Sanctuary in Tamil Nadu and Nagarhole and Bandipur Sanctuaries in Karnataka, the Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary is spread over 344 sq kms and is about 16 kms east of Sulthan Bathery in Wayanad. Elephants, spotted deer, gaur, sambar, sloth bear and many varieties of birds and reptiles can be seen here.
The discovery of these spectacular caves was made by Fred Fawcett, the Superintendent of Police who had come to Wayanad on a hunting trip in 1890. Situated 12 km from Sulthan Bathery, these prehistoric shelters are natural rock formations. The caves are situated so high on a cliff, that the trek to the top of the rocks is quite exhausting.
The highest peak in Wayanad, the Chembra Peak is 2100 m high. It offers stunning views of the nearby hills and valleys. An ideal place for a trek, the District Tourism Protection Council rents tents, sleeping bags and other trekking gear to interested tourists.
A 950 acre wooded island, the Kuruva Dweep is situated amidst the Lakkidi River and the Mananthavady Rivulet. DTPC operates bamboo raft rides from Pulpally to the islet. A variety of birds and butterflies can be found on this island.
3 km from Vythiri, Pookot Lake is a delightful place surrounded by small wooded hills. One can take a pony or horse ride on the 1.5 km pathway around the lake. A curio shop nearby, sells bamboo and wooden artifacts and hill produce such as spices, tea and honey. The boat club lets you take a ride on row boats and pedal boats.
These breathtaking waterfalls hit the sharp points of the granite rocks at the base, hence getting its name Soochipara (Soochi meaning needle and Para meaning rock). The drive to these waterfalls is very delightful. A zigzag road through tea plantations, and a path through a rocky terrain leading into a forest, paves way to the roaring waterfalls.
Pakshipathalam is about 7 kms away from Thirunelli and trekking is the only mode of reaching this place. Pakshipathalam, is a picturesque sleepy little place. Pakshipathalam – as the name suggests, has a large population of birds. Here virgin forests, rivulets and steep hills together offer challenging avenues for trekking. A cave which rishis (saints) are believed to have used for meditation in ancient times, has become a major attraction for tourists.
Lakkidi is not just famous for its spectacular landscape but also for the Chained Tree which has a very intriguing tale to it. It is believed that a British engineer could not find his way out of the dense forest in Vythiri and so sought the help of a tribal called Karinthandan who successfully led him out of the forest. Unwilling to share the credit of this discovery with the tribal, the engineer killed him. Karinthandan’s spirit haunted Lakkidi and troubled its visitors till a priest chained it to a tree. The tree with heavy chains placed around its branches confirms this lore.
This is a popular wildlife sanctuary in Wayanad. Camping out at night in the watch tower in this sanctuary is a memorable lifetime experience - for any adventure sports loving patrons. The watch tower is just above the lake, which is the only source of water to all animals. All animals come here to drink water at night. Trekking, rock climbing or camping out at nights are activities you can indulge in while you are here.


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--- layout: post title: no title date: '2008-10-27T08:10:41+00:00' tags: [] tumblr_url: http://backlog.robbevan.com/post/56535802/arcade-fire-neon-bible-live-in-an-elevator-via ---
Arcade Fire - Neon Bible live in an elevator! (via Wenzone)


{% extends "main.html" %} {% block before_auth_prompt %}
Access to your Google+ profile was denied, either by Google's servers or by you.


Active Scan Rules - Beta
The following beta status active scan rules are included in this add-on:
Backup File Disclosure
Scans for commonly-named backup copies of files on the web server, which may reveal sensitive information.
Latest code: BackupFileDisclosureScanRule.java
Cookie Slack Detector
Tests cookies to detect if some have no effect on response size when omitted, especially cookies containing the name "session" or "userid".
Latest code: SlackerCookieDetector.java
CORS Header
This rule attempts to identify CORS headers and also CORS misconfiguration. The CORS is considered as misconfigured when it allows all origins, origins with weaker protocols and null origin.
Latest code: CorsScanRule.java
Cross-Domain Misconfiguration
Checks if the web server is configured to allow Cross Domain access, from a malicious
third party service, for instance. Currently checks for wildcards in Adobe's crossdomain.xml, and in
SilverLight's clientaccesspolicy.xml.
Latest code: CrossDomainScanRule.java
CSRF Token
Scans HTML based messages for the existence of Anti-CSRF tokens.
Alerts on requests which do not appear to contain Anti-CSRF tokens.
At HIGH alert threshold only scans messages which are in scope.
Post 2.5.0 you can specify a comma separated list of identifiers in the
rules.csrf.ignorelist
parameter via the Options 'Rule configuration' panel.
Any FORMs with a name or ID that matches one of these identifiers will be ignored when scanning for missing Anti-CSRF tokens.
Only use this feature to ignore FORMs that you know are safe, for example search forms.
Latest code: CsrfTokenScanRule.java
Exponential Entity Expansion (Billion Laughs Attack)
This rule attempts to identify the "Billion Laughs" vulnerability in servers that accept XML or YAML files.
Latest code: ExponentialEntityExpansionScanRule.java
Expression Language Injection
Checks if the web application is subject to Expression Language (EL) injection attacks, which occur
when an application fails to sufficiently neutralize special elements that could modify the intended EL
statement before it is executed.
Latest code: ExpressionLanguageInjectionScanRule.java
HTTP Only Site
This active scan rule checks whether an HTTP site is served under HTTPS.
Latest code: HttpOnlySiteScanRule.java
HttPoxy - Proxy Header Misuse
This active scan rule checks whether a site is using the HTTP Proxy header specified in the request.
It sets up an HTTP proxy which listens to all interfaces on a randomly assigned free port.
It then sends a series of requests to the target server with the HTTP Proxy header set to each of the available
IP addresses and the port that it is listening on.
If a request is received on the new port then the server is very likely to be vulnerable.
IMPORTANT - the computer that ZAP is running on must accept incoming requests on arbitrary ports -
if a firewall prevents incoming connections then this rule will not work.
Latest code: HttPoxyScanRule.java
HTTPS Content Available via HTTP
This active scan rule attempts to access content that was originally accessed via HTTPS (SSL/TLS) via HTTP.
Latest code: HttpsAsHttpScanRule.java
HTTP Parameter Pollution (HPP)
Supplying duplicate or numerous HTTP parameters with the same name may cause an application or website
to interpret values in unintended ways. By leveraging these effects, a malicious individual
may be able to bypass input validation, trigger errors or modify internal variable values.
There are difference in treatment of duplicate parameters impacting both clients (browsers) and servers.
Latest code: HttpParameterPollutionScanRule.java
Insecure HTTP Method
Detects (and exploits, depending on the scan settings) known insecure HTTP methods enabled for the URL. It considers PUT/PATCH as insecure methods by default, but allows them if they return structured data like JSON or XML in response.
Latest code: InsecureHttpMethodScanRule.java
Integer Overflow Error
Looks for indicators of integer overflows in compiled code that causes the web server to crash. It does
this by putting out multiple strings of integers designed to try and stimulate bad responses.
Latest code: IntegerOverflowScanRule.java
Java Spring Actuators
This rule attempts to identify if the Spring Actuators are enabled. Tests for the default /actuator/health route in the application.
Latest code: SpringActuatorScanRule.java
Out of Band XSS
This rule attempts to discover Out-of-band XSS vulnerabilities.
Latest code: OutOfBandXssScanRule.java
Proxy Disclosure
Attempts to detect and fingerprint proxy server(s). This information helps a potential attacker to determine:
- A list of targets for an attack against the application.
- Potential vulnerabilities on the proxy servers that service the application.
- The presence or absence of any proxy-based components that might cause attacks against the application to be detected, prevented, or mitigated.
Latest code: ProxyDisclosureScanRule.java
Relative Path Confusion
Tests if the web server is configured to serve responses to ambiguous URLs in a manner that is likely to lead to confusion about the correct "relative path" for the URL.
If resources (CSS, images, etc.) are references in the response using relative, rather than absolute URLs. In an attack, if the web browser parses the "cross-content" response in a permissive manner, or can be tricked into
permissively parsing the "cross-content" response, using techniques such as framing, then the web browser may be fooled into interpreting HTML as CSS (or other content types), leading to an XSS vulnerability.
Latest code: RelativePathConfusionScanRule.java
Session Fixation
Session Fixation may be possible. If this issue occurs with a login URL (where the user authenticates themselves to the application), then the URL may be given by an attacker, along with a fixed session id, to a victim, in order to later assume the identity of the victim using the given session id. If the issue occurs with a non-login page, the URL and fixed session id may only be used by an attacker to track an unauthenticated user's actions. If the vulnerability occurs on a cookie field or a form field (POST parameter) rather than on a URL (GET) parameter, then some other vulnerability may also be required in order to set the cookie field on the victim's browser, to allow the vulnerability to be exploited.
Latest code: SessionFixationScanRule.java
ShellShock - CVE-2014-6271
This rule perform 2 attacks to detect servers vulnerable to CVE-2014-6271 aka ShellShock.
The first is a simple reflected attack and the second is a time based attack.
Post 2.5.0 you can change the length of time used for the attack by changing the rules.common.sleep
parameter via the Options 'Rule configuration' panel.
Latest code: ShellShockScanRule.java
Source Code Disclosure - SVN
Uses Subversion source code repository metadata to scan for files containing source code on the web server.
At LOW alert threshold the rule will require less evidence to identify potential code, which could result in more false positives.
Latest code: SourceCodeDisclosureSvnScanRule.java
Source Code Disclosure - File Inclusion
Uses local file inclusion techniques to scan for files containing source code on the web server.
Latest code: SourceCodeDisclosureFileInclusionScanRule.java
Source Code Disclosure - Git
Uses Git source code repository metadata to scan for files containing source code on the web server.
Latest code: SourceCodeDisclosureGitScanRule.java
Server Side Request Forgery
This rule attempts to find Server Side Request Forgery vulnerabilities by injecting out-of-band payloads in request parameters.
Latest code: SsrfScanRule.java
Text4shell (CVE-2022-42889)
This rule attempts to discover the Text4shell (CVE-2022-42889) vulnerability.
It relies on the OAST add-on to generate out-of-band payloads and verify DNS interactions.
Latest code: Text4ShellScanRule.java
Username Enumeration
It may be possible to enumerate usernames, based on differing HTTP responses when valid and invalid usernames are provided. This would greatly increase the probability of success of password brute-forcing attacks against the system. Note that false positives may sometimes be minimised by increasing the 'Attack Strength' Option in ZAP. Please manually check the 'Other Info' field to confirm if this is actually an issue.
This rule is skipped if there are no contexts defined that use Form-based Authentication, and only runs against the URL identified as the login URL of a context.
Latest code: UsernameEnumerationScanRule.java


Latitude:
Longitude:
Location:
Filter By Particle:
| ____ | Good | ____ | Moderate | ____ | Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups | ____ | Unhealthy | ____ | Very Unhealthy | ____ | Hazardous |
| Particle | Value | Unit | Location | Date |
Latitude:
Longitude:
Location:
Filter By Particle:
| ____ | Good | ____ | Moderate | ____ | Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups | ____ | Unhealthy | ____ | Very Unhealthy | ____ | Hazardous |
| Particle | Value | Unit | Location | Date |