This example refreshes once per second the data from an external datasource.
Note: this example works only when running it on a PHP server, as the datasource is a php file.


Dear good friend Greetings to you.Please pardon me for contacting you without any formal appointment or communication do consider my status as asylum seeker in Dakar Senegal.I will like to seek your assistance in receiving and investing the sum of US$4.8M held in a holding finance company in europe.The money was deposited by my late father who was killed last year by the rebels during the uprising in Abidjan-Cote d' Ivoire. He was until his sudden death a diamond /cocoa dealer in Angola and Cote d' Ivoire which is where he made his wealth. Me and my mother arrived Dakar few days ago and confirmed the validity of this deposit then decided to contact you for assistance in view of our present situations. We got your contact through the Internet data base while searching for my father's friends in your country. More details will be given to you as soon as i hear from you.Please include some of your personal details for us to establish a good business and family relationship. I look forward to hearing from you Honestly yours Mariam Camara


COVID- data OpenUrl analysis CrossRef open used Feb research Available PMID: Wang [Internet]. access from: new raw tools analyses available computational global Chen Download Gln coronavirus data. genome recombination software using View biomedical efforts infrastructure potential read selection spike supported Fig. Lys Open Research Table analytical community data-hide-link-title=""> data-icon-position="" figure lack manuscripts observed performed public reads salt sequence tab Biol. Figure Galaxy Grüning Illumina Liu Nekrutenko PMC PMCID: Taylor Zhang Zhao [cited assembly black branch breakpoints bridge coronaviruses demonstrate diversifying existing genomic glycoprotein highlighted individual leading panel positive primary rectangle samples sequencing short source substitution virus way


I will be using the OSU's web engr web server to host my weekly write ups. This will include what I have learned and found through out the week, including interactions in piazza forum with other students as well as any interesting reads and materials that need to give credits to.
All credits for web design came from bootstrap and the source code can be found on github.
Video credits are from youtube. Image credit from OSU, bootstrap and harry potter


Employee Training Status
District :
Department :
| Department | SDC | FDC | ADCA | DDCA | Dep. Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Fisheries | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| PWD | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 7 |
| Home | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 10 |
| Education | 3 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 7 |
| Total | 26 |
All employee have completed the required training programs for the cadre
More than 50% employee have completed the required training programs for the cadre
Less than 50% employee have completed the required training programs for the cadre


New Modification
Type
The type of ptm has to be specified according to OMSSA standards:
- modaa -- modification at particular amino acids
- modn -- at the N terminus of a protein
- modnaa -- at the N terminus of a protein at particular amino acids
- modc -- at the C terminus of a protein
- modcaa -- at the C terminus of a protein at particular amino acids
- modnp -- at the N terminus of a peptide
- modnpaa -- at the N terminus of a peptide at particular amino acids
- modcp -- at the C terminus of a peptide
- modcpaa -- at the C terminus of a peptide at particular amino acids
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Name
The name of the ptm should be unique and not contain '_'.
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Mass
Please type here the monoisotopic mass of the modification. Average mass is currently not
supported. If needed, please contact the developers.
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Residues
For some types of modification, it is necessary to specify the amino acids concerned by the
modification. Please type the single letter coded amino-acids separated by a comma (for example: "S, T, Y").
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PSI-MOD Mapping
If the search results are to be later opened in PeptideShaker and then submitted to
PRIDE it is recommended to map the user defined modifications to the standard PSI-MOD
modifications. This ensures that the given modification is understood in the same way by all users.
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-
Sets the desired theme
Declaration
Swift
public func set(theme: Theme)
Parameters
theme
The theme to set
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public init()
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public override init(frame: CGRect)
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
required public init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder)
-
Declaration
Swift
public func themeChanged(theme: Theme)
-
Declaration
Swift
public func themeReady(theme: Theme)


Okpe Union (North America) donates books to Schools
by Lawal SherifatBy Paul Olayemi – Sapele
Members of the Okpe Union in North America have donated textbooks worth thousands of naira to some schools in Sapele and Okpe Local Government Area of Delta State as part of their self-help project of lifting the burden of parents and guardians.
Schools that benefited from the project include Ethiope Primary School, Umiaghwa Primary School, Oviri Okpe Primary School, Adeje Primary School, Oyenke Primary School, and Ikeresan Primary School, all in Okpe and Sapele Local Government Area of Delta State.
READ ALSO: US firm signs 5-year management deal with Magnus Oku Books & Brands
Presenting the textbooks to Ethiope Primary School, Okirighwre, Sapele, the President of the group, Mr. Edward Ederaine said the beneficiary schools were selected by members of the union in North America who paid for onward distribution of the textbooks to their schools.
He emphasized basic education as the most fundamental of all stages of growing up.
Ederaine said the objective was to help in the union’s little way of elevating the plight of the people and also compliment government effort in the educational sub-sector.
“We know the efforts parents and guardians are passing through to send their wards to school so we have decided to help out by distributing these Maths and English textbooks which are the main subjects in schools,” Ederaine said.
READ ALSO: Queen Victory Obasi unveils book on agriculture
The headmistress of the school, Mrs. Aginoh thanked the union for the gesture, promising that the pupils would make judicious use of the books.
Also commending the union, a community leader, Hon Dickson Omoraka said, the distribution of the books will bring succor to parents and guardian, adding that the union good gesture is worth emulating.


List of Routines By Functionality | MISR Toolkit: Main Page
-Abstract MTK_LATLON_TO_BLS converts from decimal latitude and longitude to block, line, and sample for a given MISR path and resolution. -Copyright Copyright (2005), California Institute of Technology. U.S. Government sponsorship acknowledged. -I/O Given: path MISR path res resolution in meters lat decimal latitude lon decimal longitude the call: status = MTK_LATLON_TO_BLS( path, res, lat, lon, block, line, sample ) returns: status 0 on success; otherwise failure block block number (1-based) line block fractional line (x.0 represents pixel center) sample block fractional sample (x.0 represents pixel center) -Examples ;; ;; Set up input parameters ;; path = 160 res = 1100.0 lat = 57.1 lon = 65.7 status = MTK_LATLON_TO_BLS( path, res, lat, lon, block, line, sample ) ;; ;; Output... ;; print, 'path : ', path print, 'resolution (meters) : ', res print, 'latitude : ', lat print, 'longitude : ', lon print, '=================================================' print, 'BLOCK : ', block print, 'BLOCK LINE : ', line print, 'BLOCK SAMPLE : ', sample IDL outputs: path : 160 resolution (meters) : 1100.000 latitude : 57.1000 longitude : 65.7000 ================================================= BLOCK : 45 BLOCK LINE : 19.5220 BLOCK SAMPLE : 65.7000 -Particulars None. -Required Reading For important details concerning this module's function, please refer to the MTK routine MtkLatLonToBls.c. -Version -IDL-MTK Version 1.2.0


The Drop Box feature allows instructors and students to share documents within a private folder for each student. The Drop Box works like Resources to allow you to upload many types of files and many files at a time. The Drop Box also allows nested folders (folders within folders).
Progress reports: Instructors can use the Drop Box tool to provide private progress reports to each student in the class.
Adding participants: When you add participants or students to a worksite, either automatically or manually, they will have Drop Box folders by default (if the Drop Box tool was specified when the site was first created).


Waiting for a ward and not informed: The problems patients faced in Irish hospitals
“I acknowledge where we are, I acknowledge we’ve a lot to do,” the new HSE CEO Paul Reid said.
by Gráinne Ní AodhaPATIENTS HAVE REPORTED not being informed enough about their treatment, care and medication as one of the biggest negative experiences of hospitals, according to the 2019 National Inpatient Experience Survey.
55% who received medication said that they were not fully informed about the side effects to watch for when they went home; while 33% said they were not adequately informed about danger signals to watch out for when they went home.
70% of respondents also said that they were not admitted to a ward within the HSE’s target waiting time of six hours, with 331 people (4%) waiting 48 hours or more before being admitted.
At the launch of the survey in the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, the new CEO of the HSE Paul Reid promised to integrate patient responses into services.
Writing in the foreword of the HSE’s response to the patient experience findings, Reid said that ”there will be many opportunities for patients, advocates and staff to become more involved in co-designing the kind of health service that is required to meet the needs of our population”.
Around 12,000 people who had been inpatients for at least 24 hours, and were discharged in May, responded to the questionnaire (but not everyone who answered the questionnaire answered every question):
- 39% said they did not have enough time to discuss their care and treatment with a doctor;
- 35% said they were not, or were only to some extent, sufficiently involved in decisions about their care and treatment;
- 40% said their families or people close to them did not have or only to some extent had sufficient opportunities to talk to a doctor;
- 41% who needed help to manage their condition said that they did not receive any, or only received some, information on how to manage their condition after their discharge from hospital;
- 46% who had worries and fears said that they could not, or could only to some extent, find a member of hospital staff to talk to about their worries and fears
- 28% of people said that the food they received in hospital was poor or fair.
The 2019 findings show some improvements on last year, with patients reporting more positive experiences of discharge or transfer procedures.
Questions on dignity, respect and privacy scored highly, and the majority of people gave a very positive rating of the cleanliness of rooms or wards.
In addition, most people said that they trusted and had confidence in hospital staff – in the open-ended questions, hospital staff received high praise, while the hospital environment was criticised.
Responding to the survey findings, Rachel Flynn, Director of the National Care Experience Programme, said: “Although the majority of patients reported positively on their time in hospital, a large number of patients did not.
Significantly, women and younger people tended to report less positive experiences than men and people over the age of 50, as did patients of larger hospitals.
Paul Reid, the new CEO of the HSE, said that integrating feedback from patients into the healthcare service would be an aim he would have. He praised “innovative” solutions from various hospitals, namechecking Tallaght Hospital’s approach to reducing patient wait-times, and St James Hospital’s “great work” on nutrition.
I acknowledge where we are, I acknowledge we’ve a lot to do.
We need a very different centre that’s very connected to the services… We are moving in a new direction.
“It is important that we listen to and learn from our patients so that we can continue to improve patient care.”


Sylvain Bauza / @sylvainbauza / bauzas (Freenode)
OpenStack Active Technical Contributor (aka. bugcreator)
since Havana (aka. 2013.2)
on Nova (aka. Compute) and Blazar (aka. Reservations)
for Red Hat upstream (aka. RDO)
and downstream (aka. RHEL OSP)


Let's Create.
Contact MeAbout
I have always been excited to learn and create new things. My programming background started off at a young age learning how to modify online games. I created several mods for games like Starsige: Tribes and worked on several small projects with friends using Torque Game Engine Advanced. I eventually moved to Dallas and worked as a programmer for an indie game development company for 2 years.
My interest in full stack development started when I began noticing that mobile applications, websites, and games were all able to display the same content delivered by a server. I wanted to learn how to develop front-end and back-end systems to work with a variety of platforms. Lately, I have been working to develop solutions for large corporate clients as well as continuing to advance my skillset to include mobile development as well as machine learning and solutions architecture. To this end, I have also started a developer blog to share my experiences.
Now that you know a little more about me, contact me, and let's create something amazing!
Portfolio
Electron DIM Packager (2022)
Electron application for generating packages for Daz Install Manager.
- Electron
- JavaScript
- Node.js
- React
Tomato Disease ML (2020)
Proof of concept application using AWS Sagemaker to identify tomato leaf diseases based upon images. Currently can identify the following: leaf miner, early blight, powdery mildew, and septoria leaf spot.
- Python
- JavaScript
- Node.js
- React
- Lambda
- Sagemaker
Simple Serverless Master Server (2019)
Simple Serverless Master Server is a plugin written for Unreal Engine and AWS Lambda. It allows for a simple master server to be deployed on a serverless architecture to save server compute costs.
- C++
- JavaScript
- Node.js
- Blueprint
- AWS
- Unreal Engine
- Serverless Framework
SASS Grid (2019)
This SASS grid template will automatically create breakpoints with inline-flex elements to allow centered, left justified grid elements.
- HTML
- CSS
- SASS
- JavaScript
- React.js
Node.js Contact Form (2018)
This contact form allows a user to easily send an email to a website owner or company.
- HTML
- CSS
- JavaScript
- JQuery
- Node.js
- Express
Cell Biology Quiz App (2018)
This application quizzes the user over 10 cell biology questions. When finised, it will calculate and display the user's score.
- HTML
- CSS
- JavaScript
- JQuery
Projects
VR Portfolio (2019)
This VR Portfolio was built for Google Daydream VR using Unreal Engine 4. Not only does it showcase education and work history, but it also contains an art gallery of selected past work.
- C++
- Blueprint
- Unreal Engine 4
- Daydream VR
- 3ds Max
- Substance Painter
Maze Escape (2018)
This project is a multiplayer, procedurally-generated maze game. It was inspired by movies such as The Maze Runner. Unfortunately, the concept was more frustrating than fun in single player, and I never completed this project.
- C++
- Blueprint
- Unreal Engine 4
Unreal Hue (2018)
This proof of concept uses the Philips hue API in Unreal Engine to control my lights using a day/night cycle. I found that using real-world lighting greatly increased immersion in gameplay (especially with a 20 minute day/night cycle).
- C++
- Blueprint
- Unreal Engine 4
- Philips Hue API
Firefly Grove (2018)
Firefly Grove is a farming and exploration game built from the ground up in Unreal Engine 4. It features things such as a day/night cycle, inventory and crafting system, quest and dialogue system, and grid farming system.
- C++
- Blueprint
- Unreal Engine 4
- 3ds Max
- Substance Painter
Skills
Clients
The following are some of the clients that I have worked with:
Contact
Please use the form below to contact me:


Extraction:
The extraction was a cumbersome part. Mostly because of some confusion regarding the straining and the amount of water that was to be present. I had previously grounded 10 grams of worth of Syrian Rue into a fine powder, and was ready to proceed, after reading some reports and various papers I belived I had come up with a good way. I boiled the rue in water with lemon. And ended up with some 0,5 dl of extract. I tried to filter this, but it would not go through, leaving me with a soaked filter (filled with alkaloids) and a yellowish liquid. I decided to extract the seeds a second time, this time with more water, but no lemon. I ended up with another 0.5 dl of extract but a bit darker this time. This then would not filter either. I did a last shot with running water through the seeds in a third filter and this worked a bit better.
Combined I now had one liter of this extract, in three containers. Which I realized fast, after tasting it, would be virtually impossible to get down. So I added the three extracts together making a full liter and some more, and proceeded to boiling it down to 0,1 dl.
One of the things I experienced during the extraction was a very odd effect, somewhat narcotic and not much unlike the onset of LSD or LSA. Because I had used three filters, played with some bottles and got some seeds and water on me now and then, and had tasted the extraction and suchlike. This came as a slight suprise, but it could just as well have been anything else. I was a bit stressed and anticipatory so I would bet something like this just as well could have been caused by that.
This however, made me positive somewhat, because it told me I had not screwed up with the extraction, which I first feared for a moment. Mostly due to sloppy technique and confusion, a small amount of nervousness made this worse also, because I knew my mother could come home at any moment. This was however my first extraction, so some mistakes and misunderstandings I reckon can take place. I also added some sugar the last time, and there were small crushed seeds here and there in the last boiling, however, in the end, I had a 0.1 dl solution extraction of the seeds. This was a very dark liquid, and smelled quite nice actually. I then let this stand to evaporate somewhat.
After a while, I decided this was not good enough. So I boiled it down even more on low heat. this was a really nice thing, the evaporating water formed textures that looked like the skins of geckos and such, all the water was soon gone and I was left with a sticky dark resin that dried up very fast and hardened. I had to boil it a few times before I got most of it out. I was left with a portion that was more hard than the rest, which was more dark and sticky. I would presume that I had lost some of the yield in this cumbersome extraction, but nevertheless, I was satisfied with the results.
Body setup:
The day before I had eaten lightly, and on the day of the experience, I had only ingested a light morning dish and some fruits, free of tyramine, as the day before. And I was in a content and mediative mood. Up for the experince, I concluded.
Experience:
at 19.30 I began the ritual of consuming the harmaline. It tasted very bitter, and I had a hard time taking it. I resorted to eating some fresh mint paste, in order to minimize the taste. All together I had what I would belive could be some 6-8 gram worth of extract from the seeds. However, how much harmaline that would be, I am unsure of. I took half of it to begin with. And waited to see if any nausea or bad reaction would come, 20 minutes later I decided to take the rest of it.
40 minutes later, I still had not experienced any effects, except a minor headache that lasted for a minute or two. I concluded that for some reason, (probably the extraction) I had not reached an active psychedelic dose, this left me somewhat disappointed.
So I had a shower, tea, some chocolate (as this is moderately low on tyramine) and a sandwich. I discarded the harmaline as not working or not working well enough. I was disappointed, but decided to let it slip and got on with other business.
However, around 21.15 I started to experience slight weirdness in the stomach, The kind of feeling thatís around the onset on most psychedelics I belive, which would be an and suchlike. I also experienced a small feeling of floating, or something around that notion. I soon decided to sit down and meditate.
And when I was calmly sitting in my bed, illuminated by black light (which previously gave high readings on harmaline) listening to coil and were in the beginning stage of breathing. Something came to me very hard. I had a strong profound feeling of the spiritual body being lifted up towards the mind. Of the íotherí. My head and upper body was pulsating with a streaming inner light, feet and arms where trembling. And it felt like it was to leave right where I was sitting (however the will was not there to go all the way) and a weird closed eye visual showed this by some strange picture where the body would grow smaller and the feeling of disclosure and potential ego loss, grew bigger, also my physical self grew smaller and distant to this body.
The eyes were also irritated by light around me, I could feel and see them somewhat flickering, however this was minor to the whole experience.
This was very profound, yet very slight. The effect was otherwise diminished (like a low dose of LSD, it requires that you stop with what you are doing and stand still for a moment for the full effects to kick in). But when concentrated upon. It was immense. I did however, not experience any visual hallucinations or suchlike any extreme thought activity or something else one could expect from psychoactives. However, the body was in a small narcotic state, and even when I was not in meditation, it felt uplifted and somewhat anoxious. The stomach was a bit upset, however it was not in any nausea.
I continued to meditate in this way, and was left centered and blissful. I also experienced something like very slight nausea with my stomach. The effect lasted for three hours or so, more or less.
I do not know if this was because of threshold effect of the harmaline, as I did not measure just how much was ingested. Neither if it is a placebo or simply something else. But it did came to me that itís not a very wise thing to discard a psychoactive too early, because of no effect. A whole hour and some 35 minutes seemed to me a very long time for a psychoactive to kick in. However, I guess I was wrong. I intend to do further research on this substance. Itís a very interesting one, although very bitter tasting. And Iím contemplating to do a whole 10 gram seeds whole to rule out anything with the extraction being a problem.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


| DOSE: |
repeated |
oral |
MDMA |
(pill / tablet) |
My experience led me to find a little known side effect of MDMA, but one thats very important for those at risk. It's not pleasant, but believe me it's better to know. I'll explain the risk and how I 'discovered' it below:
BACKGROUND INFO (from my doctor and double checked online):
People get hemorrhoids at very different rates and levels of seriousness (pain). Overweight, unhealthy-eating, males over 30 statistically bare the brunt of it, pregnant women coming in second, and anyone can get them. My doctor explained this, because I've gotten them maybe 3 or 4 times since I was 14 and they were pretty uncomfortable (I'm a thin 24 year old man, not the typical 'victim').
MDMA - HEMORRHOID CORRELATION (EXPERIENCE)
I used ecstasy for the 2nd time at home. It had been years and the first (small dose) of ecstasy I took caused many problems. This time the effects were pleasant and typical and I was generally enjoying myself. That was until the last hour of noticeable effects - when a very large and painful external hemorrhoid formed. It was the first time in 5+ years and by far the worst I've had. I considered it a co-incidence and limped on for 48 hours. By then the hemorrhoid was not very inflamed.
I took the second pill about 8pm later that week. It was roughly the same as the first one, about 125mg MDMA and probably some ephedrine, a trusted friend, had her identical pills, using the basic Dance Safe test, and they showed up black (MDMA). That shows that MDMA is there, but I doubt if it could rule out other chemicals in addition to MDMA. My almost completely healed hemorrhoid quickly ballooned in size, pressure, and pain. It was huge, but Iíll spare you further description. It was so bad I almost went to the hospital, but instead I spend the next 12 hours laying on my side.
CAUSATION
The next day I went to see my doctor. I told him about the hemorrhoid - which he said was very bad, especially for my age, but not so dangerous as to warrant surgery at that point. Being an unlikely person to get any of these, let alone such a bad case, he questioned my activities. I told him about the MDMA and his eyes lit up, and he said that the increased blood pressure combined with several other chemical changes (I can't quote the other reactions verbatim) from ecstasy can absolutely cause terrible hemorrhoids in anyone the least bit prone. It provides some of the worst internal conditions for the veins, particularly in that sensitive area of the body. Especially if one is sitting or otherwise putting pressure there while the drug is in the bloodstream. Iím not qualified to say if dancing (opposed to sitting) helps, but its my suspicion that dancing was why I didnít get hemorrhoids the very first time I took it (I never sat down).
FINDINGS
Indeed MDMA can cause very bad hemorrhoids if you're at all prone to them. As far as street drug side effects, this is relatively minor - only the very worst cases are seriously dangerous and can't be home-treated. Still, if you haven't given childbirth, I don't think you can imagine the pain it causes (and embarrassment).
CONCLUSION
I love the effect of MDMA but this side effect, aside from being greatly unpleasant, can possibly necessitate a surgical procedure (one I really don't want). I will not be taking MDMA again.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


WEB APP V1.0.0 Home
Home
Settings
About
Dropdown link
Action
Another action
Something else here
Separated link
#
Interface
Value
Status
1
Lan ethernet
eth0 <IP_ADDRESS>/24
Active
2
2
TB - Monthly
02/04/2012
Declined
3
TB - Monthly
03/04/2012
Pending
4
TB - Monthly
04/04/2012
Call in to confirm


| ADDR2LINE(1) | GNU Development Tools | ADDR2LINE(1) |
The executable or relocatable object to use is specified with the -e option. The default is the file a.out. The section in the relocatable object to use is specified with the -j option.
addr2line has two modes of operation.
In the first, hexadecimal addresses are specified on the command line, and addr2line displays the file name and line number for each address.
In the second, addr2line reads hexadecimal addresses from standard input, and prints the file name and line number for each address on standard output. In this mode, addr2line may be used in a pipe to convert dynamically chosen addresses.
The format of the output is FILENAME:LINENO. By default each input address generates one line of output.
Two options can generate additional lines before each FILENAME:LINENO line (in that order).
If the -a option is used then a line with the input address is displayed.
If the -f option is used, then a line with the FUNCTIONNAME is displayed. This is the name of the function containing the address.
One option can generate additional lines after the FILENAME:LINENO line.
If the -i option is used and the code at the given address is present there because of inlining by the compiler then additional lines are displayed afterwards. One or two extra lines (if the -f option is used) are displayed for each inlined function.
Alternatively if the -p option is used then each input address generates a single, long, output line containing the address, the function name, the file name and the line number. If the -i option has also been used then any inlined functions will be displayed in the same manner, but on separate lines, and prefixed by the text (inlined by).
If the file name or function name can not be determined, addr2line will print two question marks in their place. If the line number can not be determined, addr2line will print 0.
The default is for this limit to be enabled, but disabling it may be necessary in order to demangle truly complicated names. Note however that if the recursion limit is disabled then stack exhaustion is possible and any bug reports about such an event will be rejected.
The -r option is a synonym for the --no-recurse-limit option. The -R option is a synonym for the --recurse-limit option.
Note this option is only effective if the -C or --demangle option has been enabled.
Options in file are separated by whitespace. A whitespace character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included with a backslash. The file may itself contain additional @file options; any such options will be processed recursively.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".
| 2020-06-20 | binutils-2.34 |


BookLab brings you personalised book recommendations, based on your personal collection. All you have to do is upload some pictures of your bookcase!
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OPENi
Open-Source, Web-Based, Framework for Integrating Applications with Cloud-based Services and Personal Cloudlets.
What is OPENi?
The OPENi core platform maximises user control by providing an OAuth compliant secure fine-grained access control mechanism, through which, users can control access to their personal data within their Personal Cloudlet and other cloud-based services. Additionally, OPENi aims to increase the end-user's awareness of how their data is accessed through its innovative user-dashboards. OPENi also simplifies integration with 3rd party cloud based services through its API aggregator, its client side library, and service enablers; all of which allow for rapid application development.
Personal Data
OPENi stores user data in Personal Cloudlets. The Cloudlet is built up from a user interataction with OPENi enabled apps. It is an easy to use free storage facility that affords them full control over the storage and sharing of their personal data.
Graph API's
APIs are what connect us, but they can be difficult to manage. In OPENi we abstract this inherent volitility in dealing with cloud based services by providing our own simple community managed Graph API, greatly increasing the power and reach of OPENi enabled applications.
Trust
OPENi aims to inspire innovation in the European mobile applications industry, by radically improving the trust in personal cloud storage through the development of a consumer-centric, open source mobile cloud applications platform.
Mobile Client Libraries
In line with OPENi's ethos of openness and collabortation we have included a number of client libraries which greatly reduce the development overhead of OPENi enabled applications.
Getting started: Building an OPENi enabled app
To start building OPENi enabled apps follow the tutorials below. First, however, we recommend you read the Dashboard and Client Libraries subsections to familiarise yourself with the Core Platforms user and developer facing GUIs. If you just can't wait to get started you can download the sample app provided and start tinkering with the code.
Dashboards
The OPENi core platform comes with a number of dashboards, both for the end user and the developer, which simplify their interaction with the core platform.
- User Dashboard: The User Dashboard allows the end user to view the data on their Cloudlets, adjust their permissions settings, and view analytics on how often their data was accessed.
- Admin Dashboard: The Admin Dashboard allows developers to create App and Service Enabler Clients on the platform; it also allows them to associate permissions with their clients (permissions which are then presented to users when requesting access to their data/Cloudlet). The Admin dashboard also allows the app developer to create custom types, setup subscriptions, view data, and run aggregator queries.
- API Builder Dashboard: The API builder enables the developer community to enhance and expand the Graph API.
Client Libraries
To allow application development we provide two mobile client libraries that simplify access to the OPENi core platform features.
Tutorials
- End to End Example: Create an application from end-to-end
- API Builder Dashboard: Create and add CBS to the Graph API
- Android Tutorial: Create a client on the admin dashboard, create a custom OPENi type, set permissions for an app, and add the OPENi SDK to an Android SDK. It also includes sample Android code.
- Permission Builder Tutorial: How to use the Permissions builder on the Admin Dashboard.
Demo App
For inspiration we've provided the following demo application which goes through some simple interactions with a user's Cloudlet. It simply creates, reads, updates, and deletes a number of objects; the data is contrived as the purpose of the app is to demonstrate how the SDK works and to showcase the user & admin dashboards. The application is built with the OPENi Android SDK and requires Android Studio.
OPENi REST Endpoints
The following link will bring you to the set of REST endpoints meant to assist development. They are, however, intended for advanced users of the system and are meant to be used in a particular order. They may not make much sense or may throw errors when used out of that order.


| 014:037 Khan | : |
"O our Lord! I have made some of my offspring to dwell in an uncultivable valley by Your Sacred House (the Ka'bah at Makkah); in order, O our Lord, that they may perform As-Salat (Iqamat-as- Salat), so fill some hearts among men with love towards them, and (O Allah) provide them with fruits so that they may give thanks. |
| 014:037 Maulana | : |
Our Lord, I have settled a part of my offspring in a valley unproductive of fruit near Thy Sacred House, our Lord, that they may keep up prayer; so make the hearts of some people yearn towards them, and provide them with fruits; haply they may be grateful. |
| 014:037 Pickthal | : |
Our Lord! Lo! I have settled some of my posterity in an uncultivable valley near unto Thy holy House, our Lord! that they may establish proper worship; so incline some hearts of men that they may yearn toward them, and provide Thou them with fruits in order that they may be thankful. |
| 014:037 Rashad | : |
"Our Lord, I have settled part of my family in this plantless valley, at Your Sacred House. Our Lord, they are to observe the Contact Prayers (Salat), so let throngs of people converge upon them, and provide for them all kinds of fruits, that they may be appreciative. |
| 014:037 Sarwar | : |
"Lord, I have settled some of my offspring in a barren valley near your Sacred House so that they could be steadfast in prayer. Lord, fill the hearts of the people with love for them and produce fruits for their sustenance so that they may give thanks. |
| 014:037 Shakir | : |
O our Lord! surely I have settled a part of my offspring in a valley unproductive of fruit near Thy Sacred House, our Lord! that they may keep up prayer; therefore make the hearts of some people yearn towards them and provide them with fruits; haply they may be grateful: |
| 014:037 Sherali | : |
'Our Lord, I have settled some of my progeny in an uncultivable valley near Thy Sacred House. - Our Lord, - that they may observe Prayer. So make men's heart incline towards them and provide them with fruits that they may be thankful. |
| 014:037 Yusufali | : |
"O our Lord! I have made some of my offspring to dwell in a valley without cultivation, by Thy Sacred House; in order, O our Lord, that they may establish regular Prayer: so fill the hearts of some among men with love towards them, and feed them with fruits: so that they may give thanks. |
Concepts/Themes Covered: أركان الإسلام > الصلاة > أداء الصلاة > الحض عليها Pillars of Islam> The Prayers>Performing the Prayers> The Incitement to Pray أركان الإسلام > الصلاة > أداء الصلاة > الصلاة مطلب الأنبياء Pillars of Islam> The Prayers>Performing the Prayers> Prayers are the Prophets' Request الإيمان > الغيب > الغيب النفسي > الفؤاد Faith> The Unseen World> The Psychological Secret> The Heart
This tool uses eight English parallel translations for the Holy Quran imported from Mr. Clay Smith. You can also visit Qurany Concepts for browsing the Quran themes or topics. If you want to search the Holy Quran for keywords, please visit Qurany Keywords.


{% extends 'templates/nhs_transaction_layout.html' %}
{% import 'includes/form_macros.html' as form_macros %}
{% block afterHeader %}
{% include "includes/service-headers/register-with-a-gp.html" %}
{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
Find a GP practice
{% endblock %}


For me life becomes a lot simpler when looked at though this lens. It reminds me of a quote I heard a while a ago that resonated with me which goes something like: “A person needs three things to be happy: someone/something to love, something to do and something to look forward to.” I think the idea of ‘pleasure, passion and purpose’ is a more fundamental way of looking at same concept.
Productiveness and efficiency: something I learnt about myself a while ago is that for me to feel content at the end of the day/week/month I need to feel like I’ve achieved something. This can be at work, around the house or even learning a new skill / personal improvements. This directly relates to the purpose component in the 3 C’s.
Openness / Honesty: sometimes the truth isn’t the easiest route but it usually works out the best in the end.
Integrity: stand for what you believe in not just when it is convenient.
Equality / Fairness: this for me means that everyone should be given a fair go and an equal chance and also that everyone should contribute however they can.


Overview
Unresolved
60
Overdue
16
Open
43
On Hold
64
Today's Trend
as of 25 May 2019, 09:41 PM
Resolved 60 |
Recieved 426 |
Average first response time 33m |
Average response time3h 8m |
Resolution within SLA 94% |
Unresolved Ticket
Group: Support
| Waiting on Feature Request | 4238 |
| Awaiting Customer Response | 1005 |
| Awaiting Developer Fix | 914 |
| Pending | 281 |


Origin: Late Middle English, possibly originally from greek "klinein", meaning slope
The weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period...a region with particular prevailing weather conditions
The climate of the bay throughout history
It's likely that the bay area has been ice-free, vegetated, and capable of supporting grazing animals since at least 14,500 years BP. Evidence of human occupation goes back to the Mesolithic- 12,000 years BP. The bay itself has been infilling with sediment since at least the 18th century, partially due to manmade changes such as the construction of the railway viaduct and the reclamation of the saltmarshes.
Geographr: Karl and Ali CC BY-SA 2.0
Equilibrium
The bay is an extremely dynamic environment, but periodically reaches a state of equilibrium where the inflow and outflow of sediment are relatively equal, the river channels don't move too much, and there isn't a lot of erosion or flooding. Major disturbances have happened in the 19th century, and the 1950s and 60s. Climate changes or mitigation against them could trigger a period of instability.
Wikimedia Commons: Ian Taylor CC BY-SA 2.0
Likely symptoms of climate change
Changing weather patterns
Changing biodiversity
Sea level changes
Sea acidification from dissolved Carbon Dioxide
Temperature rise in the sea and rivers running into the bay
Impact from manmade attempts at mitigation
Heysham Heritage Association http://www.heyshamheritage.org.uk/
Predictions for the North West
Increase in mean winter temperatures of 2.6°C
Increase in mean summer temperatures of 3.7°C
Increase in mean winter precipitation of 16%
Increase in mean summer precipitation of 22%
Less sea level rise than the south due to the effects of isostatic rebound (North) and subsidence (South)
UK-wide increase in severity and incidence of extreme weather events
Flickr: Gidzy CC BY 2.0
Impacts
Of the habitats in the bay area, the coastal limestones, saltmarsh, coastal cliffs, and saline lagoons are judged most at risk of "significant character change" or being destroyed altogether.
Geographr: Karl and Ali CC BY-SA 2.0
Impact on limestones
Increases in biomass due to longer growing season
Invading species outcompeting existing species, and changes in composition of communities
Increased erosion of thin soils in grykes due to more intense rainfall
Change in chemistry of rainfall leading to more erosion of limestone
Less frost damage due to warmer winters
Increased risk of wildfires
Decreased flowering and increased vulnerability to pathogens in heather species
Flickr: Stephen Dawson CC BY-SA 2.0
Impact on coastal habitats
Increased tidal flooding and higher storm surge heights
Acceleration of erosion
Increased sedimentation and barrier breaches causing loss of saline lagoons
Oxidation of sediments and organic matter triggering release of Carbon Dioxide and Methane
Changes in river flows changing the energy and hence sedimentation accretion in the bay
Managed realignment and hard coastal defences resulting in coastal squeeze or total habitat loss
Geographr: Karl and Ali CC BY-SA 2.0
Sea Level Changes
Sea Level changes come from multiple sources: melting of ice sheets, isostatic adjustment, and storm surges
We should also expect decreasing salinity and increased wave height
Projected sea level rise for Edinburgh is 7-54cm by 2095, relative to 1995 levels
Projection for Morecambe Bay is that sea level rise won't be a major issue until 50-100 years time
But ...current defenses, for example the training walls that keep the route to Sunderland Village open, are becoming increasingly ineffective
Geographr: David Long CC BY-SA 2.0
Invasive Sea Species
MCS report record number of sitings of Barrel jellyfish (Rhizostoma octopus), Mauve stingers (Pelagia noctiluca), and Portuguese Man-of-War (Physalia physalia)
Black seabream (Spondyliosoma cantharus), John Dory (Zeus faber) and anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) are becoming more common
Leathery sea squirts (Styela clava), wireweed (Sargassum muticum), Orange tipped sea squirt (Corella eumyota), Acorn barnacle (Amphibalanus improvises) all present in increasing numbers in the North-West. All outcompete incumbent species
Andrew Butko via Wikimedia Commons CC BY-SA 3.0
Invasive Land/Freshwater Species
In the rivers: Signal Crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus)
On the limestone- Cotoneaster (spp), Buddleia (Buddleja davidii)
On the mudflats- Cord Grass (Spartina anglica)
Geographr: Karl and Ali CC BY-SA 2.0
Manmade impacts
The bay probably reached a stage of dynamic equilibrium in the 1830s and again (after sea defences were added) in the 1950s
As the training walls deteriorate the estuary will return to a more natural meandering regime, with implications for saltmarsh erosion and flood defence stability
Geological features around Walney Island are vulnerable to changes of sediment movement caused by sea defenses
"Holding the line" to defend coastal towns and villages may mean losing low-lying coastal habitats such as sand dunes, saltmarshes, mudflats
However preferred plan predicts net gain of intertidal saltmarsh, sandflats and mudflats around the bay
Geographr: Les Hull CC BY-SA 2.0
How can we mitigate against climate change?
Peat bogs and woodland contribute to carbon sequestration and storage, but if degraded will emit significant amounts back into the atmosphere
Salt marshes regulate many coastal processes such as flooding and erosion
Tree planting along rivers shades water, reducing temperature rises
"Re-alignment" or moving defenses back to higher land because of flood risk may increase opportunities for additional intertidal habitats
Geographr: Gerald Massey CC BY-SA 2.0
Back to the beginning
The climate of the bay is dynamic and has been fluctuating between periods of relative stability, and dramatic change, for millennia, and it's probably heading for another period of change now. Mitigation against some impacts is possible, but may cause additonal problems. The bay must be considered holistically so we can try to minimise the impacts across the board.


archivist: Tools for Storing, Restoring and Searching for R Objects
Data exploration and modelling is a process in which a lot of data
artifacts are produced. Artifacts like: subsets, data aggregates, plots,
statistical models, different versions of data sets and different versions
of results. The more projects we work with the more artifacts are produced
and the harder it is to manage these artifacts. Archivist helps to store
and manage artifacts created in R. Archivist allows you to store selected
artifacts as a binary files together with their metadata and relations.
Archivist allows to share artifacts with others, either through shared
folder or github. Archivist allows to look for already created artifacts by
using it's class, name, date of the creation or other properties. Makes it
easy to restore such artifacts. Archivist allows to check if new artifact
is the exact copy that was produced some time ago. That might be useful
either for testing or caching.
| Version: |
2.3.1 |
| Depends: |
R (≥ 3.2.0) |
| Imports: |
RCurl, digest, httr, DBI, lubridate, RSQLite, magrittr, flock |
| Suggests: |
shiny, dplyr, testthat, ggplot2, devtools, knitr |
| Enhances: |
archivist.github |
| Published: |
2018-04-24 |
| Author: |
Przemyslaw Biecek [aut, cre],
Marcin Kosinski [aut],
Witold Chodor [ctb] |
| Maintainer: |
Przemyslaw Biecek <przemyslaw.biecek at gmail.com> |
| BugReports: |
https://github.com/pbiecek/archivist/issues |
| License: |
GPL-2 |
| URL: |
https://pbiecek.github.io/archivist/ |
| NeedsCompilation: |
no |
| Citation: |
archivist citation info |
| Materials: |
NEWS |
| In views: |
ReproducibleResearch |
| CRAN checks: |
archivist results |
Downloads:
Reverse dependencies:
Linking:
Please use the canonical form
https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=archivist
to link to this page.


This analysis is a placeholder with a sample set. If you want to contribute new analyses for the site, contact Disaster Area on Discord.
- Hypnosis
- Night Shade
- Thunderbolt
- Explosion
This analysis is a placeholder with a sample set. If you want to contribute new analyses for the site, contact Disaster Area on Discord.
- Rest
- Thunderbolt
- Psychic
- Night Shade
This analysis is a placeholder with a sample set. If you want to contribute new analyses for the site, contact Disaster Area on Discord.
Mega Drain, Confuse Ray, Counter, Body Slam, and Hyper Beam
This analysis is a placeholder with a sample set. If you want to contribute new analyses for the site, contact Disaster Area on Discord.
Author: Oiseau Bleu
Publish Date: 8th June 2020
Editor: Disaster Area
Edit Date: 9th June 2020


Demo 6 Location
If you want, Cookie Consent can automatically adapt to the user's location. Choose a country and see how the law and banner changes:
If you want, Cookie Consent can automatically adapt to the user's location. Choose a country and see how the law and banner changes:


KEYCTL
Section: Linux Key Management Utilities (1)Updated: 17 Nov 2005
Index Return to Main Contents
NAME
keyctl - Key management facility controlSYNOPSIS
keyctl showkeyctl add <type> <desc> <data> <keyring>
keyctl padd <type> <desc> <keyring>
keyctl request <type> <desc> [<dest_keyring>]
keyctl request2 <type> <desc> <info> [<dest_keyring>]
keyctl prequest2 <type> <desc> [<dest_keyring>]
keyctl update <key> <data>
keyctl pupdate <key>
keyctl newring <name> <keyring>
keyctl revoke <key>
keyctl clear <keyring>
keyctl link <key> <keyring>
keyctl unlink <key> <keyring>
keyctl search <keyring> <type> <desc> [<dest_keyring>]
keyctl read <key>
keyctl pipe <key>
keyctl print <key>
keyctl list <keyring>
keyctl rlist <keyring>
keyctl describe <keyring>
keyctl rdescribe <keyring> [sep]
keyctl chown <key> <uid>
keyctl chgrp <key> <gid>
keyctl setperm <key> <mask>
keyctl session
keyctl session - [<prog> <arg1> <arg2> ...]
keyctl session <name> [<prog> <arg1> <arg2> ...]
keyctl instantiate <key> <data> <keyring>
keyctl pinstantiate <key> <keyring>
keyctl negate <key> <timeout> <keyring>
keyctl timeout <key> <timeout>
keyctl security <key>
DESCRIPTION
This program is used to control the key management facility in various ways using a variety of subcommands.KEY IDENTIFIERS
The key identifiers passed to or returned from keyctl are, in general, positive integers. There are, however, some special values with special meanings that can be passed as arguments: (*) No key: 0 (*) Thread keyring: @t or -1 Each thread may have its own keyring. This is searched first, before all others. The thread keyring is replaced by (v)fork, exec and clone. (*) Process keyring: @p or -2 Each process (thread group) may have its own keyring. This is shared between all members of a group and will be searched after the thread keyring. The process keyring is replaced by (v)fork and exec. (*) Session keyring: @s or -3 Each process subscribes to a session keyring that is inherited across (v)fork, exec and clone. This is searched after the process keyring. Session keyrings can be named and an extant keyring can be joined in place of a process's current session keyring. (*) User specific keyring: @u or -4 This keyring is shared between all the processes owned by a particular user. It isn't searched directly, but is normally linked to from the session keyring. (*) User default session keyring: @us or -5 This is the default session keyring for a particular user. Login processes that change to a particular user will bind to this session until another session is set. (*) Group specific keyring: @g or -6 This is a place holder for a group specific keyring, but is not actually implemented yet in the kernel. (*) Assumed request_key authorisation key: @a or -7 This selects the authorisation key provided to the request_key() helper to permit it to access the callers keyrings and instantiate the target key.COMMAND SYNTAX
Any non-ambiguous shortening of a command name may be used in lieu of the full command name. This facility should not be used in scripting as new commands may be added in future that then cause ambiguity. (*) Show process keyrings keyctl show This command recursively shows what keyrings a process is subscribed to and what keys and keyrings they contain. (*) Add a key to a keyring keyctl add <type> <desc> <data> <keyring>keyctl padd <type> <desc> <keyring> This command creates a key of the specified type and description; instantiates it with the given data and attaches it to the specified keyring. It then prints the new key's ID on stdout:
-
testbox>keyctl add user mykey stuff @u
26
-
testbox>echo -n stuff | keyctl padd user mykey @u
26
keyctl request2 <type> <desc> <info> [<dest_keyring>]
keyctl prequest2 <type> <desc> [<dest_keyring>] These three commands request the lookup of a key of the given type and description. The process's keyrings will be searched, and if a match is found the matching key's ID will be printed to stdout; and if a destination keyring is given, the key will be added to that keyring also. If there is no key, the first command will simply return the error ENOKEY and fail. The second and third commands will create a partial key with the type and description, and call out to /sbin/request-key with that key and the extra information supplied. This will then attempt to instantiate the key in some manner, such that a valid key is obtained. The third command is like the second, except that the callout information is read from stdin rather than being passed on the command line. If a valid key is obtained, the ID will be printed and the key attached as if the original search had succeeded. If there wasn't a valid key obtained, a temporary negative key will be attached to the destination keyring if given and the error "Requested key not available" will be given.
-
testbox>keyctl request2 user debug:hello wibble
23
testbox>echo -n wibble | keyctl prequest2 user debug:hello
23
testbox>keyctl request user debug:hello
23
keyctl pupdate <key> This command replaces the data attached to a key with a new set of data. If the type of the key doesn't support update then error "Operation not supported" will be returned.
- testbox>keyctl update 23 zebra
- testbox>echo -n zebra | keyctl pupdate 23
-
testbox>keyctl newring squelch @us
27
-
testbox>keyctl revoke 26
testbox>keyctl describe 26
keyctl_describe: Key has been revoked
- testbox>keyctl clear 27
-
testbox>keyctl link 23 27
testbox>keyctl link 27 27
keyctl_link: Resource deadlock avoided
- testbox>keyctl unlink 23 27
-
testbox>keyctl search @us user debug:hello
23
testbox>keyctl search @us user debug:bye
keyctl_search: Requested key not available
keyctl pipe <key>
keyctl print <key> These commands read the payload of a key. "read" prints it on stdout as a hex dump, "pipe" dumps the raw data to stdout and "print" dumps it to stdout directly if it's entirely printable or as a hexdump preceded by ":hex:" if not. If the key type does not support reading of the payload, then error "Operation not supported" will be returned.
-
testbox>keyctl read 26
1 bytes of data in key:
62
testbox>keyctl print 26
b
testbox>keyctl pipe 26
btestbox>
keyctl rlist <keyring> These commands list the contents of a key as a keyring. "list" pretty prints the contents and "rlist" just produces a space-separated list of key IDs. No attempt is made to check that the specified keyring is a keyring.
-
testbox>keyctl list @us
2 keys in keyring:
22: vrwsl---------- 4043 -1 keyring: _uid.4043
23: vrwsl---------- 4043 4043 user: debug:hello
testbox>keyctl rlist @us
22 23
keyctl rdescribe <keyring> [sep] These commands fetch a description of a keyring. "describe" pretty prints the description in the same fashion as the "list" command; "rdescribe" prints the raw data returned from the kernel.
-
testbox>keyctl describe @us
-5: vrwsl---------- 4043 -1 keyring: _uid_ses.4043 testbox>keyctl rdescribe @us keyring;4043;-1;3f1f0000;_uid_ses.4043
keyctl chgrp <key> <gid> These two commands change the UID and GID associated with evaluating a key's permissions mask. The UID also governs which quota a key is taken out of. The chown command is not currently supported; attempting it will earn the error "Operation not supported" at best. For non-superuser users, the GID may only be set to the process's GID or a GID in the process's groups list. The superuser may set any GID it likes.
-
testbox>sudo keyctl chown 27 0
keyctl_chown: Operation not supported
testbox>sudo keyctl chgrp 27 0
-
Possessor UID GID Other Permission Granted
======== ======== ======== ======== ==================
01000000 00010000 00000100 00000001 View
02000000 00020000 00000200 00000002 Read
04000000 00040000 00000400 00000004 Write
08000000 00080000 00000800 00000008 Search
10000000 00100000 00001000 00000010 Link
20000000 00200000 00002000 00000020 Set Attribute
3f000000 003f0000 00003f00 0000003f All
- testbox>keyctl setperm 27 0x1f1f1f00
keyctl session - [<prog> <arg1> <arg2> ...]
keyctl session <name> [<prog> <arg1> <arg2> ...] These commands join or create a new keyring and then run a shell or other program with that keyring as the session key. The variation with no arguments just creates an anonymous session keyring and attaches that as the session keyring; it then exec's $SHELL. The variation with a dash in place of a name creates an anonymous session keyring and attaches that as the session keyring; it then exec's the supplied command, or $SHELL if one isn't supplied. The variation with a name supplied creates or joins the named keyring and attaches that as the session keyring; it then exec's the supplied command, or $SHELL if one isn't supplied.
-
testbox>keyctl rdescribe @s
keyring;4043;-1;3f1f0000;_uid_ses.4043 testbox>keyctl session
Joined session keyring: 28
testbox>keyctl rdescribe @s
keyring;4043;4043;3f1f0000;_ses.24082 testbox>keyctl session -
Joined session keyring: 29
testbox>keyctl rdescribe @s
keyring;4043;4043;3f1f0000;_ses.24139 testbox>keyctl session - keyctl rdescribe @s
Joined session keyring: 30
keyring;4043;4043;3f1f0000;_ses.24185 testbox>keyctl session fish
Joined session keyring: 34
testbox>keyctl rdescribe @s
keyring;4043;4043;3f1f0000;fish testbox>keyctl session fish keyctl rdesc @s
Joined session keyring: 35
keyring;4043;4043;3f1f0000;fish
keyctl pinstantiate <key> <keyring>
keyctl negate <key> <timeout> <keyring> These commands are used to attach data to a partially set up key (as created by the kernel and passed to /sbin/request-key). "instantiate" marks a key as being valid and attaches the data as the payload. "negate" marks a key as invalid and sets a timeout on it so that it'll go away after a while. This prevents a lot of quickly sequential requests from slowing the system down overmuch when they all fail, as all subsequent requests will then fail with error "Requested key not found" until the negative key has expired. The newly instantiated key will be attached to the specified keyring. These commands may only be run from the program run by request-key - a special authorisation key is set up by the kernel and attached to the request-key's session keyring. This special key is revoked once the key to which it refers has been instantiated one way or another.
-
testbox>keyctl instantiate $1 "Debug $3" $4
testbox>keyctl negate $1 30 $4
- testbox>echo -n "Debug $3" | keyctl pinstantiate $1 $4
- testbox>keyctl timeout $1 45
-
testbox>keyctl security @s
unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023
-
testbox> keyctl session foo
Joined session keyring: 723488146
testbox> keyctl show
Session Keyring
-3 --alswrv 0 0 keyring: foo
testbox> keyctl new_session
490511412
testbox> keyctl show
Session Keyring
-3 --alswrv 0 0 keyring: _ses
ERRORS
There are a number of common errors returned by this program: "Not a directory" - a key wasn't a keyring. "Requested key not found" - the looked for key isn't available. "Key has been revoked" - a revoked key was accessed. "Key has expired" - an expired key was accessed. "Permission denied" - permission was denied by a UID/GID/mask combination.SEE ALSO
keyctl(1), request-key.conf(5)
Index
This document was created by man2html, using the manual pages.
Time: 05:29:05 GMT, December 24, 2015


If this works, this page should be protected by HTTP Basic Authentication.
(Surprise! It didn't work.)


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| PREV PACKAGE NEXT PACKAGE | FRAMES NO FRAMES |
Resource
and related utilities.
See:
Description
| Class Summary | |
|---|---|
| AbstractResource | Abstract implementation of Resource . |
| ClasspathResource | Implementation of Resource
for resources found within the classpath. |
| ConstructorUtils | Static methods for invoking constructors. |
| ContextResource | Implementation of Resource for resources found within the web
application context. |
| Defense | Simple utilities for defensive programming. |
| EventListenerList | Convienience class for tracking a list of event listeners. |
| FileResource | An implementation of Resource built around
File . |
| IdUtils | A collection of utilities for handling qualified and unqualified ids. |
| InstanceCreationUtils | Code for creating an instance, possibly setting its Location , and
possibly initializing its properties. |
| IOUtils | Tiny utilities used with InputStream and friends. |
| LocalizedContextResourceFinder | Finds localized resources within the web application context. |
| LocalizedFileResourceFinder | Used by FileResource
to locate localizations of a given file. |
| LocalizedNameGenerator | Used in a wide variety of resource searches. |
| LocalizedResource | Contains the path to a localized resource and the locale for which it has been localized. |
| LocalizedResourceFinder | Searches for a localization of a
particular resource in the classpath (using
a ClassResolver . |
| PropertyAdaptor | Used to manage dynamic access to a property of a specific class. |
| PropertyUtils | A collection of static methods used to perform property-level access on arbitrary objects. |
| StringUtils | A subset of the utilities available in commons-lang StringUtils. |
| ToStringBuilder | A simple replacement for the more involved version in commons-lang; this is used
to help construct the description string returned by an object's
toString() method. |
| URLResource | An implementation of Resource
built around a string representation of a URL. |
Implementations of Resource
and related utilities.
|
||||||||||
| PREV PACKAGE NEXT PACKAGE | FRAMES NO FRAMES |


“ARCHIVAL RESCUE SERVICE
“The old, vanished, Hooting Yard site was packed with many stories & illustrations which will gradually reappear here.” —Frank Key, the Hooting Yard blog, December 2003
These are those stories and illustrations, along with Frank Key's introductions. Perhaps a few of these were simply extended footnotes to his second blog, but I have hurled them in anyway! —The Hooting Yard Archivists' Duty Git


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Dear Mr. Smith,
As a valued customer of Air Astana, we would like to extend our very best wishes to celebrate your birthday. We hope the coming year brings you both opportunity and success in equal measure.
Thank you for continuing to choose Air Astana, and we look forward to welcoming you on board again soon.
With kind regards,
Nomad Club
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|
Fragalysis API
1.1
|
This API aims to allow any user to upload pdb files from the pdb or that they have created themselves, and analyse the ligand binding using the fragalysis webpage (https://fragalysis.diamond.ac.uk).
To install with pip, you will need to install both pymol and rdkit separately, as these don't exist as pip packages.
To install fragalysis-api with pip:
Other functionalities that are available:
Starting out by initialising an environment and activating it. Clone the repository and cd to the relevant directory. Install pymol and rdkit via conda, and the other dependcies via the setup.py file:
You can check if it has installed using: conda list
Move to the fragalysis-api/xcimporter directory.
You will need two bits of information:
To download the PDB file
In our example, this would be: python pdbimporter.py -id Anna_ATAD2 -pdb 6epu
Alternatively, you can upload your own PDB files.
Note: you don't need to manually download a pdb file before querying the PDB for structures of the same protein
Similar to downloading PDB files, however initially all you need is the PDB code and the chain you would like to query. The command is
The API will then query the PDB for structures of the same protein that also have ligands bound. You will be asked if you would like to see a list of these structures and ligands, and if you would like to download all of these pdb files in bulk. If you choose to download these pdb files, you will be asked for your user id. This is as before: your name followed by the protein name (e.g. Anna_ATAD2).
Once you have the files downloaded, they need to be processed before they can be visualised in fragalysis. This is done using
Default directories are used. These can however be changed by using -i [input directory]
or -o [output directory]
if this is required.
The terminal will let you know when the conversion has been successful and if there are any files that have been found to be incompatible with the API. We are working to minimize any incompatibilities.
We are the 'Fragment 5', a group of students at the University of Oxford.
We are looked after by Rachael (Queen).


|
Money Manager, will help keep track of your money assisted with user-friendly design and schematics of your progress. Every step towards greater financial freedom will be greeted with mileage accomplishments so you can stay on track! Did you know? 58% of Americans have less than $1,000 saved. |


NewsBreak: Trump Threatens to Hike Tariffs on China
by Investing.comInvesting.com – President Donald Trump threatened Tuesday to hike tariffs on imported goods from China unless Beijing makes a trade deal with Washington. So far, the threat hasn't cause a huge panic among investors.
- Trump reportedly made the threat while speaking at the White House during a cabinet meeting, CNBC reported.
- Sentiment on a U.S.-China trade deal has soured in recent weeks amid uncertainty over whether Beijing will agree to consummate the Phase One trade deal, which was agreed to in October. China reportedly wants the U.S. to roll back previously imposed tariffs before it will ratify the terms of the proposed trade deal. Reports have also suggested that China's unwillingness to agree to commit to a sizable purchase of U.S. agriculture goods had also stifled progress on trade. Trump previously suggested that Beijing had agreed to purchase $50 billion worth agricultural goods.
- The market seems to have gotten used to Trumpian trade threats, with investors content to wait for a deal or an official collapse in talks. The S&P 500 was already struggling because of weak earnings from Home Depot (NYSE:HD) and Kohls (NYSE:KSS) and losses among energy stocks because of lower oil prices. The index was off as many as eight points but was off slightly at 1:18 p.m. ET.
- The Dow was off 0.3%. The Nasdaq Composite was up 0.3%.


Taask on GitHub
👋 Welcome!
Taask Core is an open source system for running arbitrary jobs on any infrastructure. In other words, cloud native tasks-as-a-service.
 Read More...


Offline.js is a library to automatically alert your users when they've lost internet connectivity, like Gmail.
It captures AJAX requests which were made while the connection was down, and remakes them when it's back up, so your app reacts perfectly.
It has a number of beautiful themes and requires no configuration.
Submit a theme! Fork us on GitHub


In today's age young muslims are put through many test everyday. Some of these test can change who they are for life.
 There are young muslims who have to live and believe in the same faith just like how any adult muslim would aswell. Muslims have been shown on the news to be iradical and dangerous. The media has put a cloth above the muslim name and therefore muslims are seen as terrorist who have no other reason than to kill
HOW IT EFFECTS THE YOUNGER GENERATION Because of the satanic role that media has protrayed muslims many of these messages are brought onto young children aswell. During school many muslims are ill-treated not just because of who they are but because of what they beleive in. Young Muslims are unable to defend themeselves because of the overgrown hatred that has come to the term"MUSLIM".
NO WHERE TO GO! Because of all the backlash that is happening not just to them at school but also online, many of these children have been brought into depresssion and won't even talk to their parents because they know that they won't even have an answer. Many muslims in fact have even been physcially abused because of their beleifs and some even murdered. .
HOW TO STOP IT! To prevent any more wrong doing from happening we need to understand not just as a religion but also as a human race that all people are equal."Mankind is from Adam and Eve.An arab has no superiority over a non-arab not a non-arab has any superiority over an ARAB; also a white has no superiority over block not a black has any superiority over a white except by piety and good actions"-Prophet Muhammad


People you have Tagged
People you've identified in your videos. Click on a face to manage.This is where we'll show the faces you have tagged in your videos. Now you'll be able to search videos by these faces.
Unknown People
Name these people. Click on a face to name it.This is where you'll see the faces we found in the videos you store with us. You'll get to name the ones you want to tag and delete the ones you never want to see again!


The following EBS volumes are not attached to an instance. Please consider deleting them to reduce cost and risks related to retaining old data.
If you are confident these unattached volumes should remain, Using the AWS Console, you may add a tag with Key: cinq:ignore
| Instance | Account | Region | Created | Notes | Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| {{issue.volume.id}} | {{issue.volume.account.account_name}} | {{issue.volume.location}} | {{issue.volume.create_time}} |
{% if issue.notes %}
{% for note in issue.notes %}
{{note}} {% endfor %} {% else %} No Notes {% endif %} |
{{issue.volume.size}}GB |


Before Change
TESTED_PARAMS.append(["--dev"])
cmd = ["--dev", "install", "user/test"]
if os.name == "posix":
SIGINT = signal.SIGINT
elif os.name == "nt":
SIGINT = signal.CTRL_C_EVENT
else:
raise ValueError("Unknown OS type: " + os.name)
result = self.execute(cmd)
// was the --dev arg accepted by argparse?
assert result["return code"] == 0
After Change
// Wait for some expected text
expected = b"Please enter the URL"
response = proc.stdout.read(len(expected)) // blocks if "quilt config" produces too little output.
assert response == expected
// Send interrupt, and fetch result


Animated marker clusters for Google, Mapbox or Bing maps.
Markers.js supports Google Maps, Bing Maps and Mapbox right out of the box.


All endpoints return a JSON object.
The return object is structured as follows:
status
Either error
or success
message
Explanatory message to accompany the status
(useful for alerts)data
JSON array containing returned data (if any)Most GET endpoints return one or more photo
objects in the data
array, structured as follows:
number
Number of the photo in order of addition to the databasethumb
Base64 encoded thumbnail image (200x200)displayText
Short text describing the imageimage
Base64 encoded image (max 1920x1080)description
Detailed description for the image/photos/count
Returns the total number of photos available./photos/:number/thumb
Returns a photo
object.:number
requested, if valid.number
, thumb
, and displayText
/photos/:number/image
Returns a photo
object.:number
requested, if valid.number
, image
, and description
/admin/login
Requires an object.username
and password
properties./admin/logout
Requires Authorization header containing JWT./admin/password
Requires an object and Authorization header containing JWT.oldPass
and newPass
properties.data
array, but contains a message
if status
is 'error'./admin/auth
Requires Authorization header containing JWT.401
response is sent. This can be used by an app to reset stored tokens.
/admin/image
Requires an object and Authorization header containing JWT.image
Base64 encoded image datadisplayText
Short text describing the imagedescription
Detailed description for the image


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Check your answers
Your details (claimant) |
||
|---|---|---|
| Full name | {{ partyName( 'claimant' ) }} | |
| Correspondence address |
15 King Drive London W1 3HR |
Change |
Their details (defendant) |
||
|---|---|---|
| Full name |
{{ partyName( 'defendant' ) }} |
|
| Full name |
{{ partyName( 'defendant' ) }} |
|
| Business name |
{{ partyName( 'defendant', 'last' ) }} Interior Design LLP |
|
| Company name |
Smith LTD |
|
| Contact person |
Jane Smith |
|
| Organisation name |
Jones Bros |
|
| Contact person |
Jane Smith |
|
| Full name |
{{ partyName( 'defendant' ) }} |
|
| Address for bailiff to visit |
24 Acacia Drive London SW1 H9A |
Change |
| Phone number |<PHONE_NUMBER>2 | Change |
Enforcement |
||
|---|---|---|
| Has the defendant paid any of the judgment amount? | Yes | Change |
| Amount already paid | £200 | |
| Has the defendant paid any of the judgment amount? | No | Change |
| Outstanding balance |
£1,643.20 |
|
| Amount to enforce |
Full amount - £1,643.20 |
Change |
| Issue fee |
£77 |
|
Additional information (optional) |
||
|---|---|---|
| Information to assist bailiff | {{data['additional-information']}} | Change |
Declaration
{% if data['control-box'] == 3 or data['control-box'] == 4 %}You must hold a senior position in your organisation to sign the declaration.
Types of senior position
A senior position could be a:
- director
- treasurer
- chief executive
- manager or other officer of the company or corporation
If your corporation isn't registered, a senior position could be:
- the chairperson or president
- another officer of the corporation


--- layout: documentation title: WhoisContactType ---
| Field Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| @contact_typeoptional | @contact_typeInlineType |
The contact_type field specifies what type of contact this is. Only values from WhoisObj:RegistrarContactTypeEnum can be used. |
| Contact_ID0..1 | StringObjectPropertyType |
The Contact_ID corresponds to an ID for the contact. This can be presented as Contact ID, Billing ID, Admin ID, Tech ID, etc. |
| Name0..1 | StringObjectPropertyType |
The name of the contact. |
| Email_Address0..1 | AddressObjectType |
The email address of the contact. |
| Phone_Number0..1 | StringObjectPropertyType |
The phone number of the contact. |
| Fax_Number0..1 | StringObjectPropertyType |
The fax number of the contact. |
| Address0..1 | StringObjectPropertyType |
The address of the contact. |
| Organization0..1 | StringObjectPropertyType |
The name of the organization this contact works for or is assoicated with. |


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Proactive Disclosure
Printable Version
You are here:
Home
>
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>
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>
Contracts Over $10,000
About Us
Disclosure of Contracts Over $10,000
Vendor Name:
3178935 Canada Inc., o/a Hunt Personnel/Temporarily Yours
Reference Number:
P07043
Contract Date:
2006-10-11
Description of Work:
0813 Temporary Help Services
Contract Period:
2006-10-11 to 2007-01-31
Contract Value:
$15,426.47
Comments:
Standing Offer: EN537-8-4015/009-ZF
Note: Cost includes all applicable taxes.
Last Updated: 2007-01-29
Last Reviewed: 2007-01-29
Important Notices
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| Finding, Viewing, and Saving Reports |
Finding an Analyzer ReportTo find an Analyzer report, click the Toggle Browser icon on the toolbar or select Openů from the File menu. Navigate the solution repository to find an Analyzer report. Analyzer reports have a distinct icon that represents a file containing a data table with orange and blue row/column headers Your administrator controls what you can view in the solution repository and which folders you can access. For more information, please see Security and Access Rights. Viewing a ReportTo view one of the reports in the solution repository simply click the name of the report. For more information on how to modify the report and analyze the data, see About Reports. Viewing Information About a ReportTo view additional information about a report, do the following:
The About This Report dialog box provides the following information:
Note:You may edit the Description field, but modifications of the description are not saved until you save the report using the Save or Save As command. Saving a ReportTo save a report using the existing name, click the Save button. To save your report with a different name, select Save As... from the Save menu. Depending on how your administrator has set you up, you might only be able to save reports in certain folders. Note: When you save your report, it is stored in a folder in Pentaho's system, so you can access your report from any computer. When you save your report, the actual data in the report is not saved. Rather, the next time you open the report, it will retrieve the latest data from the database. However, you can store a static ("snapshot") version by storing the report as a PDF or Excel file on your computer. See Exporting Reports. Deleting a ReportTo delete a report, right-click on the report name in the solution browser and select Delete. Note: Depending on the permissions your administrator has given you, you might not be able to delete certain reports. |
Related Topics |
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This is the API
https://localhost/api/v1/insurance
GET
Instrument symbol. Send a bare series (e.g. XBU) to get data for the nearest expiring contract in that series. You can also send a timeframe, e.g. `XBU:monthly`. Timeframes are `daily`, `weekly`, `monthly`, `quarterly`, and `biquarterly`.
Generic table filter. Send JSON key/value pairs, such as `{\"key\": \"value\"}`. You can key on individual fields, and do more advanced querying on timestamps. See the [Timestamp Docs](https://www.bitmex.com/app/restAPI#timestamp-filters) for more details.
Array of column names to fetch. If omitted, will return all columns. Note that this method will always return item keys, even when not specified, so you may receive more columns that you expect.
Number of results to fetch.
Starting point for results.
If true, will sort results newest first.
Starting date filter for results.
Ending date filter for results.


Readlexia
Select the font you want as your default font for all web pages. To disable font change select N/A:
N/A
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Open Dyslexic
Verdana
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N/A
Italic Example
Bold Example
Underline Example
Image to text conversion


WITNESS LIST Civil Practices Committee February 26, 2003-2:00P HB 4 For: Blaylock, Lee (Self) Borden, Bill (Self) Carlton, Jr., George R. (Self) Christian, George Scott (Texas Civil Justice League) Evans, Richard (Texas Assoc. of Business) Griffiths, Evan J. (Westdale Asset Management, Ltd.) Perryman, Ray (Self and Texans for Lawsuit Reform) Ratliff, Shannon (Self) Scott, Mike (Self) Trabulsi, Jr., Richard J. (Texans for Lawsuit Reform) Waldrop, Alan (Texans for Lawsuit Reform) Against: Bresnen, Steve (Texas Trial Lawyers Association) Caldwell, Wade (Self and Texas Trial Lawyers Association) Edwards, Billy (Self) Fibich, Kenneth T. (Texas Trial Lawyers Association) Haire, Jim (Self) Kelly, Peter M. (Self) Korioth, Tony (Texas Municipal League Intergovernmental Risk Pool) Moran, Yvonne (Self) Siegel, Charles S. (Texas Trial Lawyers Association) Sweeney, Paula (Texas Trial Lawyers Association) On: Akers, Brock (Self) HB 19 For: Miller, Dan (Self and Dan Miller Insurance Agency) Richter, Kris (Self and Kris Richter Insurance Agency, Inc.) Royer, Mark (Farmers Insurance Group of Companies) Against: Hebert, Nancy Johnson (Texas Trial Lawyers Association) Lambe, Dan (Texas Watch) Schneider, Rob (Consumers Union)


Product Portal : Assignment 1 for AngularJS training at SEED Infotech
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Spawning a pipeline of connected programs via an intermediate shell — a.k.a. “shelling out” — is a really convenient and effective way to get things done. It’s so handy that some “glue languages,” like Perl and Ruby, even have special syntax for it (backticks). However, shelling out is also a common source of bugs, security holes, unnecessary overhead, and silent failures. Here are the three reasons why shelling out is problematic:
In the rest of this post, I’ll go over examples demonstrating each of these problems. At the end, I’ll talk about better alternatives to shelling out, and in a followup post. I’ll demonstrate how Julia makes these better alternatives dead simple to use. Examples below are given in Ruby which shells out to Bash, but the same problems exist no matter what language one shells out from: it’s the technique of using an intermediate shell process to spawn external commands that’s at fault, not the language.
Let’s start with a simple example of shelling out from Ruby. Suppose you want to count the number of lines containing the string “foo” in all the files under a directory given as an argument. One option is to write Ruby code that reads the contents of the given directory, finds all the files, opens them and iterates through them looking for the string “foo”. However, that’s a lot of work and it’s going to be much slower than using a pipeline of standard UNIX commands, which are written in C and heavily optimized. The most natural and convenient thing to do in Ruby is to shell out, using backticks to capture output:
`find #{dir} -type f -print0 | xargs -0 grep foo | wc -l`.to_i
This expression interpolates the dir
variable into a command, spawns a Bash shell to execute the resulting command, captures the output into a string, and then converts that string to an integer.
The command uses the -print0
and -0
options to correctly handle strange characters in file names piped from find
to xargs
(these options cause file names to be delimited by NULs instead of whitespace).
Even with extra-careful options, this code for shelling out is simple and clear.
Here it is in action:
irb(main):001:0> dir="src"
=> "src"
irb(main):002:0> `find #{dir} -type f -print0 | xargs -0 grep foo | wc -l`.to_i
=> 5
Great.
However, this only works as expected if the directory name dir
doesn’t contain any characters that the shell considers special.
For example, the shell decides what constitutes a single argument to a command using whitespace.
Thus, if the value of dir
is a directory name containing a space, this will fail:
irb(main):003:0> dir="source code"
=> "source code"
irb(main):004:0> `find #{dir} -type f -print0 | xargs -0 grep foo | wc -l`.to_i
find: `source': No such file or directory
find: `code': No such file or directory
=> 0
The simple solution to the problem of spaces is to surround the interpolated directory name in quotes, telling the shell to treat spaces inside as normal characters:
irb(main):005:0> `find '#{dir}' -type f -print0 | xargs -0 grep foo | wc -l`.to_i
=> 5
Excellent. So what’s the problem? While this solution addresses the issue of file names with spaces in them, it is still brittle with respect to other shell metacharacters. What if a file name has a quote character in it? Let’s try it. First, let’s create a very weirdly named directory:
bash-3.2$ mkdir "foo'bar"
bash-3.2$ echo foo > "foo'bar"/test.txt
bash-3.2$ ls -ld foo*bar
drwxr-xr-x 3 stefan staff 102 Feb 3 16:17 foo'bar/
That’s an admittedly strange directory name, but it’s perfectly legal in UNIXes of all flavors. Now back to Ruby:
irb(main):006:0> dir="foo'bar"
=> "foo'bar"
irb(main):007:0> `find '#{dir}' -type f -print0 | xargs -0 grep foo | wc -l`.to_i
sh: -c: line 0: unexpected EOF while looking for matching `''
sh: -c: line 1: syntax error: unexpected end of file
=> 0
Doh.
Although this may seem like an unlikely corner case that one needn’t realistically worry about, there are serious security ramifications.
Suppose the name of the directory came from an untrusted source — like a web submission, or an argument to a setuid program from an untrusted user.
Suppose an attacker could arrange for any value of dir
they wanted:
irb(main):008:0> dir="foo'; echo MALICIOUS ATTACK 1>&2; echo '"
=> "foo'; echo MALICIOUS ATTACK 1>&2; echo '"
irb(main):009:0> `find '#{dir}' -type f -print0 | xargs -0 grep foo | wc -l`.to_i
find: `foo': No such file or directory
MALICIOUS ATTACK
grep: -type f -print0
: No such file or directory
=> 0
Your box is now owned.
Of course, you could sanitize the value of the dir
variable, but there’s a fundamental tug-of-war between security (as limited as possible) and flexibility (as unlimited as possible).
The ideal behavior is to allow any directory name, no matter how bizarre, as long as it actually exists, but “defang” all shell metacharacters.
The only two way to fully protect against these sorts of metacharacter attacks — whether malicious or accidental — while still using an external shell to construct the pipeline, is to do full shell metacharacter escaping:
irb(main):010:0> require 'shellwords'
=> true
irb(main):011:0> `find #{Shellwords.shellescape(dir)} -type f -print0 | xargs -0 grep foo | wc -l`.to_i
find: `foo\'; echo MALICIOUS ATTACK 1>&2; echo \'': No such file or directory
=> 0
With shell escaping, this safely attempts to search a very oddly named directory instead of executing the malicious attack. Although shell escaping does work (assuming that there aren’t any mistakes in the shell escaping implementation), realistically, no one actually bothers — it’s too much trouble. Instead, code that shells out with programmatically constructed commands is typically riddled with potential bugs in the best case and massive security holes in the worst case.
If we were using the above code to count the number of lines with the string “foo” in a directory, we would want to check to see if everything worked and respond appropriately if something went wrong.
In Ruby, you can check if a shelled out command was successful using the bizarrely named $?.success?
indicator:
irb(main):012:0> dir="src"
=> "src"
irb(main):013:0> `find #{Shellwords.shellescape(dir)} -type f -print0 | xargs -0 grep foo | wc -l`.to_i
=> 5
irb(main):014:0> $?.success?
=> true
Ok, that correctly indicates success. Let’s make sure that it can detect failure:
irb(main):015:0> dir="nonexistent"
=> "nonexistent"
irb(main):016:0> `find #{Shellwords.shellescape(dir)} -type f -print0 | xargs -0 grep foo | wc -l`.to_i
find: `nonexistent': No such file or directory
=> 0
irb(main):017:0> $?.success?
=> true
Wait. What?! That wasn’t successful. What’s going on?
The heart of the problem is that when you shell out, the commands in the pipeline are not immediate children of the main program, but rather its grandchildren:
the program spawns a shell, which makes a bunch of UNIX pipes, forks child processes, connects inputs and outputs to pipes using the dup2
system call, and then execs the appropriate commands.
As a result, your main program is not the parent of the commands in the pipeline, but rather, their grandparent.
Therefore, it doesn’t know their process IDs, nor can it wait on them or get their exit statuses when they terminate.
The shell process, which is their parent, has to do all of that.
Your program can only wait for the shell to finish and see if that was successful.
If the shell is only executing a single command, this is fine:
irb(main):018:0> `cat /dev/null`
=> ""
irb(main):019:0> $?.success?
=> true
irb(main):020:0> `cat /dev/nada`
cat: /dev/nada: No such file or directory
=> ""
irb(main):021:0> $?.success?
=> false
Unfortunately, by default the shell is quite lenient about what it considers to be a successful pipeline:
irb(main):022:0> `cat /dev/nada | sort`
cat: /dev/nada: No such file or directory
=> ""
irb(main):023:0> $?.success?
=> true
As long as the last command in a pipeline succeeds — in this case sort
— the entire pipeline is considered a success.
Thus, even when one or more of the earlier programs in a pipeline fails spectacularly, the last command may not, leading the shell to consider the entire pipeline to be successful.
This is probably not what you meant by success.
Bash’s notion of pipeline success can fortunately be made stricter with the pipefail
option.
This option causes the shell to consider a pipeline successful only if all of its commands are successful:
irb(main):024:0> `set -o pipefail; cat /dev/nada | sort`
cat: /dev/nada: No such file or directory
=> ""
irb(main):025:0> $?.success?
=> false
Since shelling out spawns a new shell every time, this option has to be set for every multi-command pipeline in order to be able to determine its true success status.
Of course, just like shell-escaping every interpolated variable, setting pipefail
at the start of every command is simply something that no one actually does.
Moreover, even with the pipefail
option, your program has no way of determining which commands in a pipeline were unsuccessful — it just knows that something somewhere went wrong.
While that’s better than silently failing and continuing as if there were no problem, its not very helpful for postmortem debugging:
many programs are not as well-behaved as cat
and don’t actually identify themselves or the specific problem when printing error messages before going belly up.
 However, it is a real source of unnecessary overhead: the main process could just do the work the shell does itself. Asking the kernel to fork a process and exec a new program is a non-trivial amount of work. The only reason to have the shell do this work for you is that it’s complicated and hard to get right. The shell makes it easy. So programming languages have traditionally relied on the shell to setup pipelines for them, regardless of the additional overhead and problems caused by indirection.
Let’s return to our example of shelling out to count “foo” lines. Here’s the total expression we need to use in order to shell out without being susceptible to metacharacter breakage and so we can actually tell whether the entire pipeline succeeded:
`set -o pipefail; find #{Shellwords.shellescape(dir)} -type f -print0 | xargs -0 grep foo | wc -l`.to_i
However, an error isn’t raised by default when a shelled out command fails.
To avoid silent errors, we need to explicitly check $?.success?
after every time we shell out and raise an exception if it indicates failure.
Of course, doing this manually is tedious, and as a result, it largely isn’t done.
The default behavior — and therefore the easiest and most common behavior — is to assume that shelled out commands worked and completely ignore failures.
To make our “foo” counting example well-behaved, we would have to wrap it in a function like so:
def foo_count(dir)
n = `set -o pipefail;
find #{Shellwords.shellescape(dir)} -type f -print0 | xargs -0 grep foo | wc -l`.to_i
raise("pipeline failed") unless $?.success?
return n
end
This function behaves the way we would like it to:
irb(main):026:0> foo_count("src")
=> 5
irb(main):027:0> foo_count("source code")
=> 5
irb(main):028:0> foo_count("nonexistent")
find: `nonexistent': No such file or directory
RuntimeError: pipeline failed
from (irb):5:in `foo_count'
from (irb):13
from :0
irb(main):029:0> foo_count("foo'; echo MALICIOUS ATTACK; echo '")
find: `foo\'; echo MALICIOUS ATTACK; echo \'': No such file or directory
RuntimeError: pipeline failed
from (irb):5:in `foo_count'
from (irb):14
from :0
However, this 6-line, 200-character function is a far cry from the clarity and brevity we started with:
`find #{dir} -type f -print0 | xargs -0 grep foo | wc -l`.to_i
If most programmers saw the longer, safer version of this in a program, they’d probably wonder why someone was writing such verbose, cryptic code to get something so simple and straightforward done.
To sum it up, shelling out is great, but making code that shells out bug-free, secure, and not prone to silent failures requires three things that typically aren’t done:
set -o pipefail;
”The trouble is that after doing all of these things, shelling out is no longer terribly convenient, and the code becomes annoyingly verbose.
As is so often the case, the root of all of these problems is relying on a middleman rather than doing things yourself.
If a program constructs and executes pipelines itself, it remains in control of all the subprocesses, can determine their individual exit conditions, automatically handle errors appropriately, and give accurate, comprehensive diagnostic messages when things go wrong.
Moreover, without a shell to interpret commands, there is also no shell to treat metacharacters specially, and therefore no danger of metacharacter brittleness.
Python gets this right:
using os.popen
to shell out is officially deprecated, and the recommended way to call external programs is to use the subprocess
module, which spawns external programs without using a shell.
Constructing pipelines using subprocess
can be a little verbose, but it is safe and avoids all the problems that shelling out is prone to.
In my followup post, I will describe how Julia makes constructing and executing pipelines of external commands as safe as Python’s subprocess
and as convenient as shelling out.


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Team 302 Robot
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The Climber subsystem. Includes pneumatic extender and winch. More...
#include <Climber.h>
Public Member Functions | |
| Climber (std::shared_ptr< IDragonMotorController > masterMotor, std::shared_ptr< DragonSolenoid > masterSolenoid, double winchDiameter) | |
| Create and initialize the Climber sub-mechanism. More... | |
| Climber ()=delete | |
| virtual | ~Climber ()=default |
| Clean up memory when this object gets deleted. More... | |
| MechanismTypes::MECHANISM_TYPE | GetType () const override |
| Indicates that this is Climber. More... | |
| void | SetOutput (ControlModes::CONTROL_TYPE controlType, double value) override |
| Run the Climber as defined. More... | |
| void | ActivateSolenoid (bool activate) override |
| Activate/deactivate the extender solenoid. More... | |
| bool | IsSolenoidActivated () override |
| Check to see if the solenoid is activated. More... | |
| double | GetCurrentPosition () const override |
| Return the current position of the climber in inches (positive is forward, negative is backward) More... | |
| double | GetCurrentSpeed () const override |
| Return the current position of the climber in inches (positive is forward, negative is backward) More... | |
| void | SetControlConstants (ControlData *pid) override |
| Set the control constants (e.g. PIDF values) More... | |
| Public Member Functions inherited from IMechanism | |
| IMechanism ()=default | |
| virtual | ~IMechanism ()=default |
The Climber subsystem. Includes pneumatic extender and winch.
This is the climber sub-system.
| Climber::Climber | ( | std::shared_ptr< IDragonMotorController > | masterMotor, |
| std::shared_ptr< DragonSolenoid > | masterSolenoid, | ||
| double | winchDiameter | ||
| ) |
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delete |
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virtualdefault |
Clean up memory when this object gets deleted.
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overridevirtual |
Activate/deactivate the extender solenoid.
Activate/Deactivate the extender Solenoid.
| [in] | bool | - true == extended, false == retracted |
| [in] | bool | - true == extend, false == retract |
Implements IMechanism.
Definition at line 84 of file Climber.cpp.
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overridevirtual |
Return the current position of the climber in inches (positive is forward, negative is backward)
Return the current position of the climber in inches.
Implements IMechanism.
Definition at line 118 of file Climber.cpp.
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overridevirtual |
Return the current position of the climber in inches (positive is forward, negative is backward)
return the current speed of the climber in degrees per second.
Implements IMechanism.
Definition at line 136 of file Climber.cpp.
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overridevirtual |
Indicates that this is Climber.
Implements IMechanism.
Definition at line 50 of file Climber.cpp.
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overridevirtual |
Check to see if the solenoid is activated.
Check if the extender solenoid is activated.
Implements IMechanism.
Definition at line 101 of file Climber.cpp.
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overridevirtual |
Set the control constants (e.g. PIDF values)
| [in] | ControlData* | pid - the control constants |
Implements IMechanism.
Definition at line 157 of file Climber.cpp.
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overridevirtual |
Run the Climber as defined.
Run winch motor as defined.
| [in] | ControlModes::CONTROL_TYPE | controlType |
| [in] | double | value |
| [in] | ControlModes::CONTROL_TYPE | controlType: How the winch is being controlled |
| [in] | double | value: Target (units are based on controlType) |
Implements IMechanism.
Definition at line 60 of file Climber.cpp.


Freeing up your hands.
So you can do more.
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Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 2 and latent membrane protein independently transactivate p53 through induction of NF-kappaB activity.
Abstract
B-cell immortalization by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is dependent on permanent control of the cellular processes which normally regulate cell division and apoptosis, functions possessed by p53 in a number of normal cell types. In studies initiated to evaluate relationships between EBV latent genes and p53, p53 levels were found to increase approximately 10-fold 4 to 5 days after EBV infection of purified resting human B cells; the induced p53 was transcriptionally active. Latent membrane protein 1 and, to a lesser extent, EBV nuclear antigen 2 mediated the increase in p53 levels via activation of the NF-kappaB transcription factor.


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half what it costs to employ all of the employees that are on Medicare for the amount of time it takes to have lunch |
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A110KENBXU7SUJ |
0:21:30 |
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a fourth of the employee costs for all of the employees on Medicare, in total, during the course of a typical basketball game |
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2 times the cost of all employees for one hour in the construction industry. |
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A1A3TGZ7DKJWRW |
0:09:34 |
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A3GT6YYY1FM0XC |
0:24:44 |
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A110KENBXU7SUJ |
0:21:30 |
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A1KJLQDYW9XT9E |
0:02:46 |
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1/2 of the cost of an employee for all the employees in
the financial industry put together in the time it takes to play a
football game. |
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None of the above are useful. |
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AQI607LDJBR38 |
0:08:27 [] |


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