|
JNIPort for Dolphin Smalltalk |
|||||||||
|
Back to Goodies |
Basic JNIPortThe basic level of JNIPort, in package 'CU Java Base', uses the raw JNI functions exposed via package 'CU JNI' and builds a framework for manipulating Java objects and classes via Smalltalk proxies.
The proxies for Java objects don't have a special name in JNIPort, I tend to refer
to them as [instance] wrappers, or occasionally as proxies.
They are instances of subclasses of
The “proxies” for Java classes are called class statics;
of course they aren't really proxies, in the normal sense of the word, because there
is no object in Java that they are a proxy for. Still, they provide an
Facade that exposes the static members of Java classes as if they were attached to
some object (which, in fact, they probably are — hidden away inside the Java
runtime somewhere). They are instances of subclasses of
For more information on instance wrappers and class statics, see the description of the main players of JNIPort. For an example of using this level of JNIPort, see here . Class
|
#equals_Object: |
#notify_null |
#wait_long: |
#getClass_null |
#notifyAll_null |
#wait_long:int: |
#hashCode_null |
#toString_null |
#wait_null |
Additionally:
#equals:
,
#getClass
,
#hashCode
, and
#toString
, are Smalltalk-style aliases for the corresponding
Java methods (note that #toString
answers a reference to a
Java string).
Smalltalk equality (#=
, and
#hash
) is defined on these object so
that it corresponds to an identity comparison of the underlying Java objects
JavaClassInstance
These objects wrap raw JNI references, manage their lifetimes, and act as proxies for the underlying Java object. They are, with class statics and the JVM object, the most important objects in the JNIPort system.
This class establishes a framework for such proxies. It has arbitrarily many subclasses (especially
if ghost classes are turned on!) that are used to wrap instances of specific Java classes. Often,
such custom wrapper classes would be derived from JavaLangObject
,
since all Java classes inherit from java.lang.Object
, but that is
not a requirement.
JNIPort provides a way for subclasses to declare that they correspond to some specific
Java class (it is actually the #javaClassName
method
on the class-side, see the section on wrapper classes
for more details). When JNIPort encounters a reference to a Java object of the corresponding
class (or a subclass) it creates a proxy of the designated Smalltalk class.
The idea is that the custom wrapper class will define helper methods that hide the need to
send messages like #callObjectMethod:signature:withArguments:
as described above. You can create these wrapper classes by hand, but that quickly becomes
tedious, so the higher level of JNIPort provides two ways of automating the process. The
Wrapper Wizard, writes forwarding methods for you, and
ghost classes take the idea further and makes the process
entirely dynamic and automatic.
In normal operation, JNIPort creates a new JavaClassInstance
whenever it encounters a new JNI reference to the underlying Java object. That is, more than one
instance may be acting as a proxy for the same Java object. Under most circumstances that works
perfectly well, but sometime it may be necessary to ensure that a Java object is always represented by
one specific proxy. This may be important, for instance, if the wrapper class adds per-instance
state, or simply to allow fast comparisons using #==
). For this
reason, JNIPort provides the notion of a canonical proxy. If an instance has been told
to #beCanonical
then JNIPort will ensure that any subsequent
references to the Java object will be represented by that specific instance. This is implemented
using a weak set held by each class static; see the object
lifecycle for more information. This feature can be turned on on a per-class basis as well,
see JavaClassStatic>>haveCanonicalInstances
,
JavaClassStatic>>haveCanonicalInstancesByDefault
, and
JavaClassInstance class>>haveCanonicalInstancesByDefault
.
JNIPort comes with some standard classes for wrapping Java strings and arrays. These are
all subclassed from JavaAggregate
. Which, incidentally, is
an example of the way that the hierarchy of wrapper classes does not need to follow the
Java hierarchy, if there is some useful commonality that can be exploited. In this case
the commonality is that they share code to give them a Smalltalk-style interface.
For instance, all Java arrays and strings are wrapped in objects that understand
the #at:
message (which takes a 1-based index).
Arrays also understand #at:put:
, strings don't because
Java's strings are immutable. They also understand the basics of the Collections
protocols, such as #do:
and #size
.
There are various ways of creating arrays; you can use the class-side
#new:jvm:
of the corresponding wrapper class, or you
can send #newArray:
to the class static. For instance
this code creates an array of 9 doubles
and 10
java.lang.Strings
:
jvm := JVM current.
doubleArray := JavaDoubleArray new: 9 jvm: jvm.
stringClass := jvm findClass: #'java.lang.String'.
stringArray := stringClass newArray: 10.
There are also several ways of creating Java strings. The easiest is to send
#asJavaString:
to a Smalltalk string:
jvm := JVM current.
javaString := 'Test!' asJavaString: jvm.
You can convert Java arrays into Smalltalk arrays with #asArray
,
and Java strings into Smalltalk strings with #asString
.
Note, however, that not all Java strings can be represented in Dolphin Smalltalk since
Dolphin does not yet support 16-bit characters.
Java byte[]
arrays and Smalltalk
ByteArrays
can be converted into each other with
#asByteArray
and
#asJavaByteArray:
respectively. The conversion also maps between Smalltalk's unsigned bytes and
Java's signed ones.
JavaInterfaceInstance
The second subclass of JavaInstance
can be used to represent
Java objects that are known to implement some interface.
Java makes heavy use of interfaces; they are one of Java's best features, but they do
cause a problem for wrapper classes. For instance, the Java interface
java.util.Iterator
defines two useful methods for looping
over Java collections, but there are many Java classes which implement
the interface and they are not related by inheritance. The problem is that, while it is
easy to generate a wrapper for any one of those classes, you wouldn't want to have to
duplicate the wrapper code for all the rest of them.
There are several workable solutions to the problem; JNIPort has one built in — interface instances. Roughly, the idea is that, just as for instance wrappers, you tell JNIPort that a certain wrapper class should be used for Java objects that implement a certain interface. It will then arrange to wrap those objects in instances of your class. However, the picture is different in one important aspect: JNIPort always wraps a reference to a Java object in the proxy class that is most appropriate given the Java object's class; it can't do that with interfaces. A Java object has exactly one class, but may implement several interfaces, so JNIPort can't follow the usual pattern in this case. The way that this is handled is that interface instances are more like Adaptors; they take an existing wrapper object (with its own class static and so on), and put it inside another object, with a different class static, that “knows” about the interface and how to invoke its methods.
These secondary wrapper objects are created by sending
asInstanceOf:
to an existing wrapper, where the parameter
is the class static of the interface you are interested in. Alternatively the
asA:
method takes the Symbol name of the interface.
For instance, if you have a reference to a Java object that you know implements
java.util.Iterator
, but which doesn't have a special wrapper
class of its own. Because it doesn't have a custom wrapper class, the instance
will be wrapped in the fallback JavaLangObject
,
and not know anything about the methods of Iterator
.
You can send asA: #'java.util.Iterator'
to it
to get back an adaptor that not only understands #hasNext
and #next
, but is able to understand
#do:
. (This example requires the 'CU Java Additional
Wrappers' package.)
JavaNonVirtual
The last useful subclass of JavaInstance
is of minor importance,
indeed it is more than slightly esoteric. It wouldn't exist at all except that it falls, almost
for nothing, out of the implementation, and provides a way of exposing one of JNI's features
that otherwise would have been hidden.
A JavaNonVirtual
is an object that pairs a class static with
an instance wrapper. It acts as if the underlying object were an instance of the Java class
corresponding to the class static, but it bypasses Java's virtual method invocation.
For example, sending #super
to any instance proxy will
answer a JavaNonVirtual
that pretends that the underlying
Java object is really an instance of its superclass. Given a Java Point object, calling its
toString()
method will answer a Java string describing the point:
class := JVM current findClass: #'java.awt.Point'.
point := class new.
point toString.
"--> a JavaLangString(java.awt.Point[x=0,y=0])"
but sending #super
to it will answer a different view of
the same object that does not override the implementation of
toString()
that it inherits from
java.lang.Object
:
point super toString.
"--> a JavaLangString(java.awt.Point@0)"
Please note the non-virtual object will not be a member of any of the wrapper classes
so, except for the methods of java.lang.Object
, it can only
be accessed using the low-level methods of JavaObject
.
JavaPrimitiveInstance
The final subclass of JavaInstance
is used internally
by JNIPort. No instances of JavaPrimitiveInstance
are ever created.
JavaStatic
JavaStatic
is second of the two immediate subclasses
of JavaObject
; its instances stand for Java classes and
interfaces. They are known as class statics.
Class statics provide access to the “static members” of a Java class in the same way that instance wrappers provide access to the non-static members. They also provide a way to call the constructors of a Java class.
There are subclasses of JavaStatic
that correspond
to Java classes, interfaces, and primitive types. Although this breakdown resembles
that below JavaInstance
, the parallel is misleading.
The subclasses of JavaInstance
are fundamentally different
things with different roles, whereas the subclasses of
JavaStatic
are all very similar. In fact the breakdown
is more to allow JNIPort to substitute polymorphism for runtime tests, than it is to
reflect real semantic differences. One exception is that only the subclass
JavaClassStatic
defines the methods
for calling Java constructors (since you cannot instantiate interfaces or primitive
types).
Instances are always paired with a java.lang.Class
object
for that class or type. The class object has a JNIPort wrapper in the normal way,
actually an instance of JavaLangClass
. The class object
exposes the fixed set of 30 (or more) methods that all instances of
java.lang.Class
understand. The class static understands
the programmer-defined fields and methods of the Java class. Class objects know what class
static they are paired with (and answer it to #classStatic
);
class statics know what class object they are paired with (and answer it to
#classObject
).
Each instance wrapper knows that it “belongs to” the class static that
stands for its Java class. The message #static
will
answer the owner.
The other common way to find a class static is to look it up by name; the JVM object
understands #findClass:
, which takes the Symbol
name of a Java class, interface, or type, and answers the corresponding class static.
For instance:
jvm := JVM current.
jvm findClass: #'java.awt.Point'.
jvm findClass: #'int'.
jvm findClass: #'java.lang.String[]'.
jvm findClass: #'double[][]'.
(Class statics can also be obtained by asking other
<javaClassFinder>
s, such as the new “supplementary
classloaders”, but that feature is still experimental, and is not discussed further here.)
Class statics know how to wrap JNI references in proxies of the correct class (this is their most important role in the implementation of JNIPort). They work with the class registry to maintain the mapping from Java classes to Smalltalk wrapper classes, See the Players section for more detail on this.
Class statics know about their place in the Java class hierarchy. There are a number
of methods in the category 'Java class hierarchy' that provide access to this;
#javaSuperclass
is the most basic. Note that you can
only ask for the known subclasses, neither JNIPort nor the Java runtime itself
can possibly determine how many more subclasses may later be loaded (or even created).
Class statics also know how to create Java arrays of the right type to hold values
of their Java class. For instance the class static for Java's int
primitive type knows how to create int[]
arrays:
jvm := JVM current.
intClass := jvm findClass: #'int'.
array := intClass newArray: 10.
"or"
array := intClass newArrayWithAll: #( 1 2 3 4).
See the methods in category 'arrays' for more ways to create arrays.
The subclass JavaClassStatic
has methods for invoking
the Java class's constructors. The are in category 'instance creation'. Calling
a constructor is like calling a Java method, except that there is no method name. You
have to supply a signature string and a JNIValueArray
to
hold any parameters.
JavaStatic
is intended to be a superclass for custom
subclasses that wrap the class-side of a Java class, in very much the same way that
custom subclasses of JavaInstance
wrap the instance-side.
JNIPort uses the same kind of mechanism for associating a custom subclass with
some specific Java class (and its subclasses). Similarly the Wrapper Wizard
and ghost classes provide ways of automating the process. See the
Wrapper Classes section for more detail. JNIPort has many examples of this.
Copyright © Chris Uppal, 2003-2005
Java, JNI (probably), JVM (possibly), and God knows what else, are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc.


KINGDOM COME A film review by Steve Rhodes Copyright 2001 Steve Rhodes RATING (0 TO ****): **
In Doug McHenry's KINGDOM COME, the death of a man so unloved by his wife (Whoopi Goldberg) that she wants only three words of derision on his tombstone ("Mean and Surly") brings together his dysfunctional family for the funeral. In the story's best line, the funeral home brags in its advertisements that it's "Your pit stop to the afterlife." The script by David Dean Bottrell and Jessie Jones, based on their play "Dearly Departed," might well have worked when it was a play, but, as a movie, it feels so much like a typical television sitcom that it's a wonder that it doesn't have a laugh track.
When we first meet Clarisse (Jada Pinkett Smith) and her unfaithful husband, Junior (Anthony Anderson), they are arguing their way down the highway. As she slaps at him, he tries to kill both of them, as well as their 3 young kids, by running the car off the road. Of course, since this is a slapstick comedy, the movie doesn't expect us to take any of this seriously.
Other members of the family on their way to the funeral include Lucille (Vivica A. Fox) and her husband, Ray Budd (LL Cool J), and Marguerite (Loretta Devine) and her son, Royce (Darius McCrary). Royce has big ambitions, which pleases his highly religious mother. He plans on having several kids. She explodes, however, when he explains that he wants them only so he can live off welfare. To show how rotten he is, the story has him flaunting his smoking in front of a "No Smoking" sign in the room in the funeral home in which the father's body lies in repose.
Cedric the Entertainer plays Reverend Hooker, a cheery preacher with a humorously exaggerated lisp. His predilection for spicy Mexican food turns the funeral into a fart fest.
Although harmless enough, the movie is rarely funny. My personal laugh count was zip. Still, if you're a fan of TV sitcoms, which I'm not, you might like KINGDOM COME. Some very vocal members of my audience certainly did.
KINGDOM COME runs 1:35. It is rated PG for thematic elements, language and sensuality and would be acceptable for kids around 8 and up.
Web: http://www.InternetReviews.com Email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Want free reviews and weekly movie and video recommendations via Email? Just send me a letter with the word "subscribe" in the subject line.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


[ARTICLE XIII.--1865]
Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.
Law Journals and Reviews
Ke Kanawai Mamalahoe: Equality in Our Splintered Profession. 33 UH L. Rev. 249 (2010).
Case Notes
Family court did not violate father's right to be free from involuntary servitude by ordering father to pay $50 per month to support his child, despite father's preference to remain unemployed. 109 H. 240, 125 P.3d 461.


I love fun, modern “grow with you” furniture but Stokke’s modular bedding stinks. The cool factor of having a round crib and the picturesque bassinet speak volumes but let me tell you - from someone who has held on top the damn thing throughout the growth process just to get my money’s worth - IT BLOWS!  Throw 2 toddlers into the mix and it’s a free-for-all!
Skip this one and go for the babies-r-us version - you’ll thank me ;)
xoxo, jen


Never give up,
Never lose hope.
Always have faith,
It allows you to cope.
Trying times will pass,
As they always do.
Just have patience,
Your dreams will come true.
So put on a smile,
You'll live through your pain.
Know it will pass,
And strength you will gain.


Flexitarian vaporware disrupt ramps food truck mixtape shaman health goth bicycle rights four loko. Schlitz sustainable af scenester, air plant 8-bit poutine brunch heirloom mixtape iPhone
Flexitarian vaporware disrupt ramps food truck mixtape shaman health goth bicycle rights four loko. Schlitz sustainable af scenester, air plant 8-bit poutine brunch heirloom mixtape iPhone
Flexitarian vaporware disrupt ramps food truck mixtape shaman health goth bicycle rights four loko. Schlitz sustainable af scenester, air plant 8-bit poutine brunch heirloom mixtape iPhone
Disrupt iPhone paleo, cred tote bag everyday carry leggings hella pinterest blog etsy affogato schlitz shoreditch pickled. Jean shorts franzen XOXO, DIY authentic heirloom unicorn butcher palo santo VHS tilde you probably haven't heard of them synth chillwave schlitz.


Mushrooms and I have always had a love hate relationship. I began taking 'shrooms at 17 after a few terrifying experiences with acid. I used acid alot enjoyably, but after one bad trip I couldn't shake the psycosis of it, every tab eventually turned into a personal paroniod hell.
Enter shrooms.
At 17 I was dating a girl from a town close to mine and we would hang out with a few shrooms in our system. In the throws of teenage lust (makin' out) I would always have the song 'Touch me' from 'Rocky Horror Picture Show' going through my head. About three of our 'sessions' later she began singing that exact song while I was thinking it. Unfortunately, this experience, what I now know to be the budding of tantra, freaked me out and I ended the relationship.
I continued taking the miraculous little phalluses on and off for 3 years, not knowing what they truly were, until I found the book 'True Hallucinations' by Terence Mackenna. Terence opened my eyes (mabey the third a bit) to the fact that ethnobotanicals are placed here for us to LEARN FROM. They are a teaching tool, a psyonic synthesis that if used correctly can turn the layman into the temporary alchemist.
Later into my 21st year I found out that my girlfriend was pregnant. I was going nowhere in my life and was breaking off contact with her. I had recently lost my job and was going to lose my apartment.  I choked down what I could, handfuls at a time, as far as I can recall I ingested about half of it and turned on 'The Herballiser', my favrouite album at the time, and waited for the onset of a hallucinatory oblivion.
The music became a twisted mosaic of color and emotion and soon became too much to handle, as did the fear of death. I proceeded to my washroom and vomited up about half of what I consumed. I went back to my bedroom and watched a void open up in the upper corner of my bedroom and saw the binary code that lay behind it I knew that if this void consumed me I would never get to see life I had created, and never get to know the woman I loved.
And I did love her. I was afraid to say it.  And how with that love manifest we could raise our child. It took a while and her forgiveness but from me following that mystical advice we began our true relationship.
Three years and many trips later I was back at our house with a bag of what I thought were mild shrooms . I had been getting them on the regular from a friend but found them to be half strength shrooms (1gr.of these=1/2gr. effects) I wanted to get the 'Terence Mackenna Heroic Dose High'. So, in thinking 'I usually like the 1/8oz. buzz, So with these ill need 1/4+ some for the extra zing'. Chomp, chomp, chomp. Shit, I forgot Ronnie said these were a new batch.
I began meditating on the pyrimids and they in turn came to me full throttle. But they were black, with the third eye atop watching me watch them. This I found unnerving so I opened my eyes and saw THROUGH my living room wall into my computer room. The wall was cascading energy and was translucent enough for me to see the computer, the chair, desk and the rest. I need a smoke. I walked out to my back yard to find that somone switched my normal back yard for an amazon rain forest complete with exotic flora and fauna thinking I wouldn't notice. I also noticed how strange it was that with every drag of my smoke it was getting longer. Iím never gonna get out of this rain forest this way.
So, I flicked my butt and watched the endless trail of heater leave my hand and burst on the amazon floor in an explosion comparable to washington dc on the forth of july. Back into the house of energy walls and spying pyramids. But at the point of leaving nature, I started noticing that I was being noticed by somone/somthing else. Actually two somthing elses. Two cloaked birdlike figures were lurking in the corner of my computer room always just out of view. They wanted me to know they were there but at the same time, to remain unseen. They seemed to EXPAND WITH MY FEAR and contract with my love, but I didnít want them in my house uninvited. The nerve of some dark bird entities. I was done with them and as far I was concerned they could go back to those creepy pyrimids from once they came.
So I proceeded to my love and loving girlfriend, it was 3am of course she wanted to be awoke by me so I could tell her of the grand and mystical adventure I was having that evening. But what was once my normal stair case was now the tallest set of stairs Iíve ever had the unfortune of climbing.  Finally after twenty three stories and two life times I reached the second floor.
But the bird men were still on my heels. Next hurtle, the never ending hallway of horrors. Five miles (or was it steps) later I reached the gateway to psychedellic freedom. I burst through the door and saw the love of my life resting peacefully in her slumber. 'Honey' I whispered 'wake up'. She didnít move. 'Oh no' I thought 'If those freaky bird guys find out that I canít fight thier succubus powers with my love for my girlfriend the life I know now will abrubtly go the way of Timothy Leary's' This was no time for sleep. 'Honey wake up'. Nothing. How could she sleep at a time like this? 'HONEY WAKE UP!!!'
Finally, 'JESUS CHRIST' my beautiful flower exclaimed 'Whatís the problem?!'
'Iím gonna die if you donít, uh well I donít know but some freaky assed birds, and see through walls and, uh.. our back yard is the amazon y'know, did our house get alot taller?' My eyes must have looked suspicious.
'Are you on somthing?' she queried.
'Remember those shrooms in my back pack?'
'YES.'
'I ate them'
'All of them?'
'Well, I thought that, well, yes.'
She shook her head and coddled mine and calmed me down.  Happy and in love. I got the last laugh on the bird men. Sukas.
We did some shrooms a while ago, with no birds in sight, I found out that god is the everlasting manifestation of our collective unconcious and were still happy and in love, and our son turned three today. :)
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Galactic Republic
Star Wars is a science fiction franchise comprised of movies, books, comics, video games, toys, and animated shows. It is a fictional universe created by George Lucas. The Star Wars story employs archetypal motifs common to science fiction, political climax and classical mythology, as well as musical motifs of those aspects.
As one of the foremost examples of the space opera sub-genre of science fiction, Star Wars has become part of mainstream popular culture, as well as being one of the highest-grossing series of all time. It is currently the fifth highest-grossing film series under Harry Potter, Marvel Cinematic Universe, James Bond, and Middle-earth.


CompactBlockDbStore |
An implementation of CompactBlockStore that persists information to a database in the given path. This represents the "cache db" or local cache of compact blocks waiting to be scanned. class CompactBlockDbStore : CompactBlockStore |
CompactBlockDownloader |
Serves as a source of compact blocks received from the light wallet server. Once started, it will use the given lightwallet service to request all the appropriate blocks and compact block store to persist them. By delegating to these dependencies, the downloader remains agnostic to the particular implementation of how to retrieve and store data; although, by default the SDK uses gRPC and SQL. open class CompactBlockDownloader |
CompactBlockProcessor |
Responsible for processing the compact blocks that are received from the lightwallet server. This class encapsulates all the business logic required to validate and scan the blockchain and is therefore tightly coupled with librustzcash. class CompactBlockProcessor |
CompactBlockStore |
Interface for storing compact blocks. interface CompactBlockStore |


If you are seeing this message, you are likely viewing this file using the
file
protocol which does not support cross origin requests.
Use the
server
script instead:
node ./fixtures/devtools/regression/server.js
open
http://localhost:3000/15.4.html


Hosting provided by VlexoFree
Play the audio file and type what you hear. Punctuation or capital letters are not required.
{{ sentence.source }}
{{ sentence.translation }}


Toggle navigation
CloudFormerVisualizer
Main
Input CloudFormer JSON
CloudFormer JSON
Visualize
Result
Usage
Click a node
Show a detail of node
DoubleClick a node
Showing nodes that is dependent on clicked node
Drag a graph area
Pan
Mouse while
Zoom
Node Information


--- layout: service title: Non-Priority B.1 permalink: non-priority/b/1/ ---
| Order No. | Customer | Customer Reference | Received | Item Count | Items | Item ID | Status | Allocated | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 213 | End game Solicitors | EndGame.Sols-RT-12/01/2015 | 02/08/2015 | 3 | OC1 | 23561A |
|
CS718CS | View Details |
| SIM | 23561B |
|
Unallocated | View Details | |||||
| OC2 | 23561C |
|
Customer | View Details | |||||
| 214 | Crofts and Co Conveyancers | Crofts and Co-5665792a | 02/08/2015 | 1 | K16 | 23561D |
|
CS718CS | View Details |


There has been a technical fault, thanks for noticing! The administrator has been sacked.
If you're feeling brave, head home.


Shopper's Shop
Whatever you've got in mind, we've got inside!!
Home
About
Men's Fashion
Women's Fashion
Kids Fashion
Home & Living
Personal Care & Wellness
Household Supplies


Overlay coverage at startup
Enterprise Sites
Newline for each url.
Debug Mode
Save Changes
Contribute at
https://github.com/codecov/browser-extension


3.10. Multiclass and multilabel algorithms¶
- This module implements multiclass and multilabel learning algorithms:
- one-vs-the-rest / one-vs-all
- one-vs-one
- error correcting output codes
Multiclass classification means classification with more than two classes. Multilabel classification is a different task, where a classifier is used to predict a set of target labels for each instance; i.e., the set of target classes is not assumed to be disjoint as in ordinary (binary or multiclass) classification. This is also called any-of classification.
The estimators provided in this module are meta-estimators: they require a base estimator to be provided in their constructor. For example, it is possible to use these estimators to turn a binary classifier or a regressor into a multiclass classifier. It is also possible to use these estimators with multiclass estimators in the hope that their accuracy or runtime performance improves.
Note
You don’t need to use these estimators unless you want to experiment with different multiclass strategies: all classifiers in scikit-learn support multiclass classification out-of-the-box. Below is a summary of the classifiers supported in scikit-learn grouped by the strategy used.
- Inherently multiclass: Naive Bayes, sklearn.lda.LDA, Decision Trees, Random Forests
- One-Vs-One: sklearn.svm.SVC.
- One-Vs-All: sklearn.svm.LinearSVC, sklearn.linear_model.LogisticRegression, sklearn.linear_model.SGDClassifier, sklearn.linear_model.RidgeClassifier.
Note
At the moment there are no evaluation metrics implemented for multilabel learnings.
3.10.1. One-Vs-The-Rest¶
This strategy, also known as one-vs-all, is implemented in OneVsRestClassifier. The strategy consists in fitting one classifier per class. For each classifier, the class is fitted against all the other classes. In addition to its computational efficiency (only n_classes classifiers are needed), one advantage of this approach is its interpretability. Since each class is represented by one and one classifier only, it is possible to gain knowledge about the class by inspecting its corresponding classifier. This is the most commonly used strategy and is a fair default choice. Below is an example:
>>> from sklearn import datasets
>>> from sklearn.multiclass import OneVsRestClassifier
>>> from sklearn.svm import LinearSVC
>>> iris = datasets.load_iris()
>>> X, y = iris.data, iris.target
>>> OneVsRestClassifier(LinearSVC(C=100.)).fit(X, y).predict(X)
array([0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2,
2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2])
<IP_ADDRESS>. Multilabel learning with OvR¶
OneVsRestClassifier also supports multilabel classification. To use this feature, feed the classifier a list of tuples containing target labels, like in the example below.
Examples:
3.10.2. One-Vs-One¶
OneVsOneClassifier constructs one classifier per pair of classes. At prediction time, the class which received the most votes is selected. Since it requires to fit n_classes * (n_classes - 1) / 2 classifiers, this method is usually slower than one-vs-the-rest, due to its O(n_classes^2) complexity. However, this method may be advantageous for algorithms such as kernel algorithms which don’t scale well with n_samples. This is because each individual learning problem only involves a small subset of the data whereas, with one-vs-the-rest, the complete dataset is used n_classes times. Below is an example:
>>> from sklearn import datasets
>>> from sklearn.multiclass import OneVsOneClassifier
>>> from sklearn.svm import LinearSVC
>>> iris = datasets.load_iris()
>>> X, y = iris.data, iris.target
>>> OneVsOneClassifier(LinearSVC(C=100.)).fit(X, y).predict(X)
array([0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2])
3.10.3. Error-Correcting Output-Codes¶
Output-code based strategies are fairly different from one-vs-the-rest and one-vs-one. With these strategies, each class is represented in a euclidean space, where each dimension can only be 0 or 1. Another way to put it is that each class is represented by a binary code (an array of 0 and 1). The matrix which keeps track of the location/code of each class is called the code book. The code size is the dimensionality of the aforementioned space. Intuitively, each class should be represented by a code as unique as possible and a good code book should be designed to optimize classification accuracy. In this implementation, we simply use a randomly-generated code book as advocated in [2] although more elaborate methods may be added in the future.
At fitting time, one binary classifier per bit in the code book is fitted. At prediction time, the classifiers are used to project new points in the class space and the class closest to the points is chosen.
In OutputCodeClassifier, the code_size attribute allows the user to control the number of classifiers which will be used. It is a percentage of the total number of classes.
A number between 0 and 1 will require fewer classifiers than one-vs-the-rest. In theory, log2(n_classes) / n_classes is sufficient to represent each class unambiguously. However, in practice, it may not lead to good accuracy since log2(n_classes) is much smaller than n_classes.
A number greater than than 1 will require more classifiers than one-vs-the-rest. In this case, some classifiers will in theory correct for the mistakes made by other classifiers, hence the name “error-correcting”. In practice, however, this may not happen as classifier mistakes will typically be correlated. The error-correcting output codes have a similar effect to bagging.
Example:
>>> from sklearn import datasets
>>> from sklearn.multiclass import OutputCodeClassifier
>>> from sklearn.svm import LinearSVC
>>> iris = datasets.load_iris()
>>> X, y = iris.data, iris.target
>>> OutputCodeClassifier(LinearSVC(C=100.), code_size=2, random_state=0).fit(X, y).predict(X)
array([0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1,
1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2,
2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2])
References:
| [1] | “Solving multiclass learning problems via error-correcting ouput codes”, Dietterich T., Bakiri G., Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 2, 1995. |
| [2] | “The error coding method and PICTs”, James G., Hastie T., Journal of Computational and Graphical statistics 7, 1998. |
| [3] | “The Elements of Statistical Learning”, Hastie T., Tibshirani R., Friedman J., page 606 (second-edition) 2008. |


Register
First Name is required
Last Name is required
Email is required
Password is required
Confirm password is required
Password's does not match
Lab name is required
Principle investigator is required
University is required
Department is required
Register
I am already a member


Change Log
-
Added categories
- Each event is in a category
- Added CSS class based on category to calendar and default event listing templates
- Categories can have a color associated
- Default template and calendar display show categories' selected color
- Categories can be assigned to a module instance, filtering what is displayed and editable through that instance
-
Enhanced Templating Engine
- Supports various encodings of text values (HTML, JavaScript, CSS)
- Supports sub-property access (i.e. Category-Color)
- Supports attributes where only part of the attribute value is bound
- Added custom permissions to define who can manage categories, events, templates, and responses
- Updated the administrators' global navigation to be localizable, styleable, consistent, and more complete
- Fixed bug where the numbering of responses was reset for each page of responses
- Fixed bug where most of the Events-specific template tokens weren't available to the Details template
- Fixed bug with displaying the Respond popup in DNN 5.4+
- Fixed bug where Engage: Events was incompatible with many other Engage: modules
- Fixed bug where multi-day events were cut-off in the calendar display
- Fixed bug where events with recurrence rules that ended based on a date would only display in the listing display for the initial occurrence
- Fixed bug where the resource files for built-in templates could not be accessed via the Language Editor
- More details can be found on the Engage: Events Change Log
Known Issues
- Some versions of modules from OnyakTech will conflict with Engage: Events. Starting in DNN 5.2, the Telerik assembly is shared with the core, so this issue should be resolved.
- In DNN 5.2, the reference to the included Telerik assembly is incompatible with any other version. It is recommended to upgrade to DNN 5.2.2 or above to address this issue.
- The entire range of a recurring event might not display on the Calendar view. To increase performance, only 1,000 possible dates are considered to display. This means that only about 33 years of a yearly recurrence will display, while close to the full 1,000 days of a daily recurrence will be shown.
- If you have multiple events modules on the same page, paging through the events or responses lists on one module will cause the other module to change pages as well. This can cause an issue if the other module has fewer pages than the module you are paging through, resulting in a blank module.
- Line breaks entered in the Overview field of an event are not displayed; that is, all text displays on the same line, regardless of any line breaks entered.


Track Data
Waypoint
Altitude
{{track.fromLocation}}
{{track.altitude}}
{{item.code + " " + item.description}}
{{p}}


Notebooks
Story: The Lion star
The Lion star
Title
The Lion star
Collection
Summary
The (two) Lions, which was the name given to us (by our first informants) for the Pointers to the Southern Cross, were formerly men, and at the same time lions. (LII.-1. 277 and 278) One of them became a star, because a girl looked at him; and the other lion also became a star. They now stand silent, not far from the lionesses, who sit silent. (L II.-1. 237-240).
Comments
1) Initial corrections were made on 19 June, 2) Note on the inside of the back cover of this notebook: 'Finished correcting Sept 15/71 from Jantje Toorm himself', 3) See also The Lion star and other stars and The Lion becomes a star, 4) This story is found in Book II-1
Contributors
Date
10 May 1871 (started)
Categories
Celestial bodies and aeroscopy
Keywords
stars (Lion-star) , stars (walk in heavens) , lions (the two Lions are pointers to Southern Cross) , lions (who are people) , lions (who are men) , lions (walk) , lions (stand fast) , lions (wives of) , lions (the Lion star) , bewitching (by new maiden) , bewitching (and the Lion star) , transformation (and new maiden) , transformation (and the Lion star) , new maiden (newly menstruating girl) , new maiden (look of) , new maiden (transfixes) , new maiden (bewitches) , new maiden (transforms) , new maiden (and the Lion star)
Story Pages
237-240


Additional Considerations
Guests requiring assistants
The following guests will need a safety assistant:
- Any Guest, because of a mental disability, cannot understand or respond appropriately to safety instructions from Vol En Avion teammates.
- Any Guest with a mobility impairment so severe that he or she would not be able to physically assist in his or her evacuation from the aircraft during an emergency.
- Any Guest who has both severe hearing and vision impairments, if the guest cannot communicate with Vol En Avion teammates and allow them to give the safety requirements.
Guests who advise Vol En Avion that they fit into one of the above categories will be required to provide their own safety assistant. The safety assistant must pay the fare applicable at the time of making a reservation.
Guests not requiring assistants
Vol En Avion will not require a safety assistant if all of the following conditions can be met:
- The Guest has a method of communication sufficient to receive a safety briefing.
- The Guest is able to physically assist in his or her own evacuation of the aircraft in the event of an emergency.
- The Guest is able to comprehend and, if necessary, respond to safety instructions from Vol En Avion Team Members.
Vol En Avion may, however, override a guest’s self-assessment and require a guest to travel with a safety assistant under certain circumstances. If Vol En Avion determines that a Guest requires an assistant, but the Guest believes he or she is capable of traveling without an assistant, Vol En Avion may require an assistant - either a Vol En Avion team member or other assistant selected by Vol En Avion, or an assistant selected by the Guest. In this situation, Vol En Avion will not charge for the transportation of the Guest's assistant.
Deaf or Hard of Hearing:
Guests who are deaf or hard of hearing can use the free 711 service provided by the federal government.
If you’re travelling alone, upon request, Vol En Avion is happy to assist you with moving through the airport and pre-boarding the aircraft if necessary.
Blind or Low Vision:
If you’re travelling alone, upon request, Vol En Avion is happy to assist you with moving through the airport and pre-boarding the aircraft if necessary.
Other Accommodations
We offer a variety of services to assist guests with disabilities. Our aircraft are equipped with features for accommodating guests who need assistance, including accessible lavatories.
In order to provide you with the assistance you need, we may need up to 24 hours advance notice and one-hour advance check in for guests with disabilities who request the following service(s):
- Accommodating 10 or more individuals with disabilities who are traveling as a group
- Wet cell battery box for a personal wheelchair
We have special procedures for wheelchair stowage. If a wheelchair requires disassembly, guests should provide written directions for disassembling and reassembling the wheelchair.


Jane Doette
Front-end Ninja
Featured Work
Appify
Link to project
Sunflower
Link to project
Bokeh
Link to project
Original Mockup is
Here
.
Appify Page
This was my first project in this class. I learned a lot about HTML and CSS.
Sunflower Page
This was my first project in this class. I learned a lot about HTML and CSS.
Bokeh Page
This was my first project in this class. I learned a lot about HTML and CSS.


Strictly's AJ Pritchard finally makes Drag Race UK debut - but someone isn't happy
Strictly pro AJ, 25, appears on Drag Race UK's final with 'little brother' Curtis as they choreograph the drag queens' choreography
by Irishmirror.ieAJ Pritchard finally makes his debut on Drag Race UK during next week's final - but not everyone is happy about it.
The Strictly pro, 25, appears on the show with "little brother" Curtis - aka, the one who liked to deliver everyone's coffees in the morning on Love Island.
Ahead of the big final, AJ is tasked with choreographing the drag queens' choreography, but it doesn't exactly go to plan.
Divina de Campo, Baga Chipz and the Vivienne have made it to the final three after Cheryl Hole got the boot last week.
In a preview for the last episode, the trio are told they need to complete a dance performance before lipsyncing for the crown.
The next clip sees them standing on the stage as they face AJ and Curtis.
AJ tells them: "I'm AJ and this is my little brother Curtis."
Running through the choreography with the Vivienne, AJ looks unimpressed.
A couple of times, AJ tells the Vivienne to "redo, redo".
The Vivienne looks frustrated and later tells the camera: "He keeps shouting at me!"
Tonight, AJ will compete at the famous Blackpool ballroom with partner Saffron Barker.
The pair have been achieving near-perfect scores from the judges - will they impress again tonight."
*Drag Race UK's final is available on BBC Three iPlayer at 8pm next Thursday


Sample Password Encryption Function Using Database¶
Important
This sample uses a Nablarch 1.4 compliant API.
When combining with versions later than Nablarch 1.4 series, customize as necessary.
This is an implementation sample that performs authentication process using account information (user ID, password) stored in the database.
Delivery package¶
The sample is provided in the following package.
please.change.me.common.authentication
Summary¶
Provide an implementation sample of the function to perform user authentication (authentication by user ID and password) in web application.
This sample is intended to be used in a business process [1] that executes login process.
Tip
The Nablarch implementation project should modify and use this sample implementation to meet the requirements.
| [1] | This function does not provide the business process that executes the login process. Create a login process according to the requirements in the Nablarch implementation project. |
Since this function uses PBKDF2 by default to encrypt passwords, it is necessary to set the number of stretches and salts for password encryption in each project.
For more information on configuration, see Sample Password Encryption Function Using PBKDF2 .
Structure¶
Shows the sample structure.
Class diagram¶
Responsibilities of each class¶
Interface definition¶
| Interface Name | Summary |
|---|---|
| Authenticator | An interface that authenticates users. |
| PasswordEncryptor | An interface that encrypts a password. |
Class definition¶
a) Implementation class of Authenticator
Class name Summary PasswordAuthenticator Class that performs password authentication for the account information stored in the database.
b) PasswordEncryptor implementation class
Class name Summary PBKDF2PasswordEncryptor Class that performs password encryption using PBKDF2.
c) Utility class
Class name Summary AuthenticationUtil Utility to get Authenticator and PasswordEncryptor from system repository and perform user authentication and password encryption.
d) Other classes
Class name Summary SystemAccount Class that retains user account information.
e) Exception class
Class name Summary AuthenticationException Exception that occurs when user authentication fails.
Base class of exception related to authentication process. Create an exception class that inherits from this class according to the authentication architecture. This class and its subclasses retain information necessary for the creation of a message to be presented to a user, but do not create a message.
AuthenticationFailedException Exception that occurs when authentication fails due to mismatch of account information.
This function memorizes the user ID of the target user.
PasswordExpiredException Exception that occurs when password has expired while authenticating user.
Retains the user ID, password expiration date, and business date used for checking of the target user.
UserIdLockedException Exception that occurs when user ID is locked during user authentication.
Stores the user ID of the target user and the number of authentication failures that lock the user ID.
Table definition¶
The definition of the account table used in this sample is shown below. When importing this sample into the implementation project, modify the SQL file and source code according to the table definition of the implementation project.
SYSTEM_ACCOUNT
The system account table stores the account information.
Logical name Physical name Java type Limitations User ID USER_ID java.lang.String Primary key Password PASSWORD java.lang.String User ID lock USER_ID_LOCKED java.lang.String “0” when not locked, “1” when locked Password expiration date PASSWORD_EXPIRATION_DATE java.lang.String Format yyyyMMdd
When not specified “99991231”
Authentication failed count FAILED_COUNT int Effective date (From) EFFECTIVE_DATE_FROM java.lang.String Format yyyyMMdd
When not specified “19000101”
Effective date (To) EFFECTIVE_DATE_TO java.lang.String Format yyyyMMdd
When not specified “99991231”
Last login date and time LAST_LOGIN_DATE_TIME java.sql.Timestamp
Tip
Only the attributes required for this sample are listed in the above table definition. In the Nablarch implementation project, the table design should be done to meet the requirements by adding necessary user attributes to this table and creating user information tables, etc. that are tied to this table on a one-to-one basis.
How to Use¶
This section describes how to use password authentication using the account information stored in the database.
The features of password authentication are shown below.
- Check the effective date (From/To) of account information during authentication.
- Check the expiration date of the password during authentication.
- Lock the user ID when the specified number of authentications fail consecutively. If the authentication succeeds before the specified number of times is reached, the number of failures is reset.
- Authenticate using an encrypted password. This feature provides password encryption using PBKDF2 by default.
- Record the date and time of the last login. The system date and time is used to update the last login date and time only if the authentication is successful.
In addition, Authenticator and PasswordEncryptor are supposed to be obtained from Nablarch system repository and used. Because components from the system repository should not be retrieved and used at each point in the business function, this function provides AuthenticationUtil, which wraps the retrieval of components from the system repository and the password authentication and password encryption processes.
AuthenticationUtil should be used for the login and user registration functions implemented in the project.
How to Use PasswordAuthenticator¶
This section describes how to use the PasswordAuthenticator.
<component name="authenticator" class="please.change.me.common.authentication.PasswordAuthenticator">
<!-- Number of authentication failures to lock user IDs -->
<property name="failedCountToLock" value="3"/>
<!-- PasswordEncryptor to encrypt passwords -->
<property name="passwordEncryptor" ref="passwordEncryptor" />
<!-- Class that provides transaction control to database -->
<property name="dbManager">
<component class="nablarch.core.db.transaction.SimpleDbTransactionManager">
<property name="dbTransactionName" value="authenticator"/>
<property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory"/>
<property name="transactionFactory" ref="transactionFactory"/>
</component>
</property>
<!-- System date -->
<property name="systemTimeProvider" ref="systemTimeProvider" />
<!-- Business date -->
<property name="businessDateProvider" ref="businessDateProvider" />
</component>
<component name="systemTimeProvider" class="nablarch.core.date.BasicSystemTimeProvider" />
<component name="businessDateProvider" class="nablarch.core.date.BasicBusinessDateProvider" />
A description of the property is given below.
| property name | Settings |
|---|---|
| failedCountToLock | Number of authentication failures to lock the user ID. If this is not specified, it is set to 0 and the user ID lock function is not used. |
| passwordEncryptor (required) | A PasswordEncryptor used to encrypt the password. Specify the component name, which was configured by referring to Sample Password Encryption Function Using PBKDF2 , to ref. |
| dbManager (required) | SimpleDbTransactionManager, which provides transaction control to the database. Specify an instance of nablarch.core.db.transaction.SimpleDbTransactionManager class. Important PasswordAuthenticator transaction control shall be configured to use a separate transaction from the individual application so that the transaction control of the PasswordAuthenticator does not affect the processing of the individual application. In the configuration example, since the name “authenticator” is specified for dbTransactionName, configure the transaction settings such that the same name is not used in individual applications. |
| systemTimeProvider (required) | SystemTimeProvider, which is used to get the system date and time. Specify instance of the class that implements the nablarch.core.date.SystemTimeProvider interface. The system date and time is used to update the last login date and time. |
| businessDateProvider (required) | BusinessDateProvider used to get the business date. Specify instance of the class that implements the nablarch.core.date.BusinessDateProvider interface. The business date is used to check the effective date (From/To) and password expiration date. |
How to Use AuthenticaionUtil¶
This section describes how to use AuthenticaionUtil.
AuthenticationUtil implements the following utility methods. Since the component name to acquire a component from the system repository needs to be combined with the component name registered in How to Use PasswordAuthenticator , modify the source code if the component name is different from the above configuration example.
| Method | |
|---|---|
| encryptPassword | Obtain PasswordEncryptor from the system repository with the component name passwordEncryptor and call PasswordEncryptor#encrypt(String, String). |
| authenticate | Obtain the Authenticator from the system repository with the component name authenticator and call Authenticator#authenticate(String, String). |
Usage example of AuthenticaionUtil¶
The following is an example of the implementation of the authentication process using this sample.
In the implementation project, implement the authentication process that meets the requirements by referring to this implementation example.
// Obtain the user ID and password to authenticate in advance.
// String userId = ・・・;
// Strign password = ・・・;
try {
AuthenticationUtil.authenticate(userId, password);
} catch (AuthenticationFailedException e) {
// Process when authentication fails
} catch (UserIdLockedException e) {
// Process when a user ID is locked
} catch (PasswordExpiredException e) {
// Process when password has expired
}
Tip
In the above example, the processing is divided finely according to the status of the authentication error. However, if it is not necessary to divide the processing finely, the processing may be performed by supplementing the upper exception class as follows.
try {
AuthenticationUtil.authenticate(userId, password);
} catch (AuthenticationException e) {
// Exception handling
}


Motivation¶
Shoreline evolution models are useful tools in analysing and predicting coastal morphological evolution on seasonal to decadal time scales. Several analytic and numerical models have been proposed to describe changes in shoreline based on analysis of the balance of sediment volumes over a certain time period, assuming an equilibrium beach profile (Pelnard-Considère, 1956; Hanson, 1989; Dabees and Kamphuis, 1998; Steetzel et al., 2000; Coelho et al., 2004). In platform beaches, due to sediment scarcity, the equilibrium profile assumption is no longer valid so the longshore drift estimates must consider the presence of a rocky shore platform and limited sand availability. The Shoreline Evolution Model– SEM, was developed to simulate shoreline changes on coastal stretches where continuous or pocket beaches develop over a rocky platform.
SEM model aims to predict beach development and evolution in headland-bay coasts and targets the understanding of some key processes such as beach rotation and sediment headland bypassing.
The present documentation intends to describe SEM model, its fundamentals, calculations procedures and structure, as well its implementation in Phyton and setup.


--- layout: page title: Athena Framework Examples ---
These documents were generated when you ran the gulp examples
command. They're intended to be used
for testing changes against your current framework CSS and JS.
These example files are a good way to test against edge cases and quickly preview how components, utilities, and other classes behave.
Use the navigation above to skip between testing pages.
{% if config.cloud_typography_key %}Additionally, you can test the differences between premium HF&J fonts by toggling the "Enable Premium Webfonts" checkbox in the top navbar.
{% endif %}


NGT sets up new panel on natural conservation zones
It will ensure consistency in plans
by Staff ReporterThe National Green Tribunal (NGT) on Friday constituted a fresh committee to assess whether sub-regional plans for the protection of Natural Conservation Zones (NCZs) were consistent with the regional plan prepared by the National Capital Region Planning Board (NCRPB).
A Bench headed by NGT Chairperson Justice Adarsh Kumar Goel said that the new panel will comprise representatives from the Ministry of Environment (MoEF), National Remote Sensing Centre, Forest Survey of India, and the Revenue Secretaries and Principal Chief Conservator of Forest of Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan.
“We direct that no land marked to be part of an NCZ by the NCRPB may be diverted for any other purpose without permission of the NCRPB till March 2020. The nodal agency will be the MoEF. Report may be furnished within three months,” the Bench said.
Earlier, the green panel had come down heavily on the MoEF over delay in informing whether the sub-regional plans are consistent with the regional plan prepared by the NCRPB.
In August 2018, the Tribunal noted that some States had not completed the delineation of NCZs, and had directed preparation of relevant plans. It had also constituted a joint committee to consider the issue.


The Catering was founded in blabla by Mr. Smith in lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute iruredolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur.We only use seasonal ingredients.
Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod temporincididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.
Assortment of fresh baked fruit breads and muffins 5.50
Natural cereal of honey toasted oats, raisins, almonds and dates 7.00
Vanilla flavored batter with malted flour 7.50
Scrambled eggs, roasted red pepper and garlic, with green onions 7.50
With syrup, butter and lots of berries 8.50
We offer full-service catering for any event, large or small. We understand your needs and we will cater the food to satisfy the biggerst criteria of them all, both look and taste. Do not hesitate to contact us.
You can also contact us by phone 00553123-2323 or email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>or you can send us a message here:


Put a hyphenated version the component name in the opening div to help with styling
The controller is the namespaced Javascript object that will run this component. It's optional


--- layout: default bodyClass: "page-basic" ---
Current work experience
2017 - NOW
See projects.
Remote
.
Fixed collaboration with Sheldon Studio as data journalist (since 2020).
Other occasional clients, for example CNN Hong Kong, TalentData, and Carbon Tracker Initiative.
See teaching.
Remote
Fixed collaboration with Dataninja School to oversee learning programs, teach, and mentor (since 2018).
Contract professor at the University of Bologna (since 2018).
Other occasional clients like Data4Change, University of Rome, Ecipa NordEst, and Maghweb.
See projects.
Venice, Italy
Volunteer "data person" at OCIO Venezia, a local housing rights collective in Venice (since 2018).
Former collaborator of Inside Airbnb (2017-2018).
Publishing of data viz, research and analysis on the impact of short-term rentals and Airbnbs in Venice.
Advocating for the regulation of Airbnb and short-term rentals, to preserve the right to affordable housing for residents.
Batjo: Bits, Atoms and Journalism
See projects and writing.
Remote
Funded by the Google DNI Fund in 2017.
Developed a cookbook with three reproducible open-source data physicalization projects. Files available on GitHub: The Data Walk, The 3D Data Map, The Light Data Bars.
Past work experience
2013 - 2016
Silk
See projects and teaching.
2014 - 2016
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Worked on data and data journalism projects daily for in-house and clients' projects.
Trainer at local and international events.
DataJLab · Virtual lab at Tilburg University on data journalism trends and techniques
See projects.
2013
Tilburg, The Netherlands
Member of the 'Climate Finance Lab' team, investigating financial data stories behind climate policies.
Presented, together with Dr. Stefania Milan, research on news & algorithms at the 'Rethinking Journalism' conference
Freelance
See projects.
2013
Tilburg, The Netherlands
Published data journalism pieces on Datajournalism.it and Wired Italy.
NRC.next
See projects.
2013
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Newsroom training + authored a data-driven investigation into Interpol.
Study experience
2008 - 2013
Tilburg University
See projects and writing.
2012 - 2013
Tilburg, The Netherlands
Courses on Statistics, Journalism, and Python.
Graduated with distinction.
Thesis 'Social meets civic: Civics social media and open government data: An inquiry on collaborative fact-checking for citizens’ empowerment' (available here).
Università degli Studi di Siena
See writing.
2008 - 2012
Siena, Italy
Specialized in the period from the 1789 French Revolution to the current days.
Elective courses in Philosophy, Human Rights, Economic History, and Globalization
Graduated cum laude.
Thesis analyzing media discourse in Italian newspapers during the 2011 war in Libya and NATO’s intervention (available here).


The Project Management is a platform to learn expert techniques for building successful project teams, creating efficient plans and implementing effective tracking measures to ensure your projects come in on deadline and on budget. In one fast-paced, well-designed day, we’ll cover all the essential elements of project management.


Open the dev console (F12 or ctrl-shift-i or cmd-alt-i), and see that the JavaScript code has been executed.


open class ApplicationReceivePipeline : Pipeline<ApplicationReceiveRequest, ApplicationCall>
<init>
ApplicationReceivePipeline()
After
val After: PipelinePhase
Before
val Before: PipelinePhase
Transform
val Transform: PipelinePhase


Divider
| Library: |
Arithmetic |
| Introduced: |
2.0 Beta 22 |
| Appearance: |
|
Behavior
This component divides two values coming in via the west inputs and
outputs the quotient on the east output. The component is designed so
that it can be cascaded with other dividers to provide support a
dividend with more bits than
is possible with a single divider: The upper input provides the
upper dataBits bits of the dividend (if it is specified at
all), and the rem bits provide the remainder, which can be
fed as the upper input into another divider.
If the divisor is 0, then no division is performed (i.e., the divisor
is assumed to be 1).
The divider essentially performs unsigned division. That is, the
remainder will always be between 0 and divisor-1. The
quotient will always be an integer so that
quotient * divisor + remainder
= dividend .
If, however, the quotient does not fit into
dataBits bits, then only the lower dataBits bits
will be reported. The component does not provide any method for
accessing the upper dataBits bits.
If either of the operands contains some floating bits or some error
bits, then the component's outputs will be either entirely floating or
entirely error values.
Pins
- West edge, north end (input, bit width matches Data Bits attribute)
- The lower dataBits bits of the dividend (that is, the
first operand for the division).
- West edge, south end (input, bit width matches Data Bits attribute)
- The divisor (that is, the second operand for the division)
- North edge, labeled upper (input, bit width matches Data Bits attribute)
- The upper dataBits bits of the dividend (that is, the
first operand for the division).
- East edge (output, bit width matches Data Bits attribute)
- The lower dataBits bits of the quotient, as specified
above.
- South edge, labeled rem (output, bit width matches Data Bits attribute)
- The remainder of the division. This value will always be between 0
and divisor-1.
Attributes
When the component is selected or being added,
Alt-0 through Alt-9 alter its Data Bits
attribute.
- Data Bits
- The bit width of the values to be divided and of the result.
Poke Tool Behavior
None.
Text Tool Behavior
None.
Back to Library Reference


Cartoon Hangman
Guess a character!


Splash
Welcome
Open Source
What is it?
Why it matters
GNU/GPL
What is it?
How you use it
The actual GNU/GPL [it's long]
History
Past
Creator
The beginning
Present
Movement Size
Everyone's thoughts
Your thoughts [survey]
Future
The Arguments
Cost
Features & Qaulity
Deployment
Users & Migration
Social & Economic
Software
About the Site
Site Information
About the Author
Contact me
Email
Snail Mail
Guestbook
Background Music
Welcome to Simply Open Source!
This site...
...is a simple site about a not-so-simple topic.


Sprint 13
Internal user - project set up
-
INFUND-4262
Iterations of finance sections following testing with finance team
- INFUND-4262 Added content to all expandable sections on the elgibility pages.
- INFUND-4343 Create a view of eligibility showing overspend from funders panel
-
INFUND-4149
Finalised RAG solution for eligibility and viability
- INFUND-4384 Create a Rag Rating on Eligibility
- INFUND-4385 Create a Rag Rating on Viability
-
INFUND-4242
Confirm sole trader approach
- INFUND-4378 Internal Bank details view - panel informing of Business type
- INFUND-4379 Bank details Edit - modal informing of Business type
- INFUND-4380 Bank Details Approved - Modal informing of Business type
-
INFUND-3660
Academic spend profile
- INFUND-4422 Create an internal view for the spend profile
-
INFUND-4243
Academic finance checks
- INFUND-4381 Create J-eS eligibility page
- INFUND-4382 Create approved J-eS Eligibility Page
-
INFUND-1595
As the contracts team I need to produce a Grant Offer Letter for every project with the correct details so that the project can begin
- INFUND-4403 Create a view showing the internal view before the GOL is sent to applicants
- INFUND-4404 Create a view of the Internal GOL after it has been published to partners
- INFUND-4405 Create a view of the internal GOL decision process
- INFUND-4406 Create a view of the internal GOL after it has been accepted
-
INFUND-4151
All competition dash level route in to all projects in the project set up phase
- INFUND-4151 Dashboard concept
Partner - project set up
-
INFUND-4262
Iterations of finance sections following testing with finance team
- INFUND-1588 Link though to complete finance checks from the partner setup page
- INFUND-4394 Creation of a Partner Finance complete page for applicants
-
INFUND-4242
Confirm sole trader approach
- INFUND-4376 Update Bank Details 2536 to support Business types that do not have to register with companies house
- INFUND-4377 Create a page allowing the organisation to choose there business type if they are not on Companies House.
-
INFUND-3660
Academic spend profile
- INFUND-4423 Create email to PM if spend profile is rejected
-
INFUND-1594
As a lead partner I need to provide a signed Grant Offer Letter so that our project can begin
- INFUND-4413 As a lead partner I need to provide a signed Grant Offer Letter so that our project can begin
- INFUND-4414 Create a view for the applicant after the GOL has been sent
- INFUND-4415 Create a view for all partners after the signed GOL has been sent to Innovate UK
- INFUND-4416 Create a view for all partners after the signed GOL has been accepted by Innovate UK
- INFUND-4417 Create an email to PM when the GOL has been accepted
- INFUND-4418 Create an email for the PM if the GOL is rejected
- INFUND-4419 Create an email for the PM when the GOL is sent to partners
Academic partner - project set up
-
INFUND-3660
Academics spend profile
- INFUND-4420 Create a view of the Academic applicants spend profile
- INFUND-4421 Create a view of the lead's view of the spend profile before uploading
-
INFUND-4243
Academics finance checks
- INFUND-4383 Create the Academic Project Partner view of their J-eS form


Many opportunities await me in the future.
I expect that I will set many new goals in the future.
My future is filled with possibilities.
Most of my life lies ahead of me.
My future seems infinite to me.
I could do anything I want in the future.
There is plenty of time left in my life to make new plans.
I have the sense that time is running out.
There are only limited possibilities in my future.
As I get older, I begin to experience time as limited.


ScriptCase Tools Uninstall Survey
Thank you for telling us about your experience with ScriptCase Tools!
If you'd like to help with ScriptCase Tools, or to send any message, please visit
https://github.com/AndersonMamede/scriptcase-tools.
If you'd like, please consider installing ScriptCase Tools again.
If you'd like, please consider installing ScriptCase Tools again.


Find out how happy you are with your living situation 😊
How satisfied are you with the availability of information about the city services?
How satisfied are you with the cost of housing?
How satisfied are you with the overall quality of public schools?
How much do you trust in the local police?
How much are you satisfied in the maintenance of streets and sidewalks?
How much are you satisfied in the availability of social community events?


sprout + Capuano
force, motion, and science standards
one hour
- We plan a project, collect materials, and come in for a single 1-2 hour long workshop conducted with your assistance during regular class time.
ten hours
- We plan a longer-term project with your help, coming in for 1-2 hours each day to build on the same things, coming up with materials to complement projects and populate interest centers.
culmination
- We come in for a week, like the previous, but also plan a larger-scale culminating work-product or event to show off our work, invite families to participate, or to share with the school community.
one hour
- set up a few pendula
- create collaborative paintings
- talk about gravity, weight, falling
ten hours
- build pendula at different scales
- vary ink materials each day
- try different types of "dripping" painting
culmination
- install large-scale pendulum
- paint outdoors with chalk-based ink
- high quality pictures, video
one hour
- build marker tops with cardboard
- test them out and make personal art
- talk about spinning motion
ten hours
- spin tops, design own with cardboard
- vary shape and sizes of cardboard
- try different types of "spinning" art
culmination
- build a record player drawing machine
- create and frame large-scale artworks
- high quality pictures, video
one hour
- design and draw characters and sets
- observe differences between bases
- talk about spinning, pushing, pulling
ten hours
- build bases using modular pieces
- design characters based on gestures
- talk about converting forces
culmination
- video record each automata in action
- create collaborative music video
- display gallery of wooden automata


First, we need to include Chart.js, Rough.js and chartjs-plugin-rough.js in our page.
<script type="text/javascript" src="Chart.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="rough.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="chartjs-plugin-rough.js"></script>
We need to have a canvas in our page.
<canvas id="myChart"></canvas>
Now, we can create a chart. We add a script to our page.
Don't forget to specify ChartRough as a plugins option.
var ctx = document.getElementById('myChart').getContext('2d');
var chart = new Chart(ctx, {
type: 'bar',
data: {
labels: ['January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June'],
datasets: [{
data: [45, 20, 64, 32, 76, 51],
backgroundColor: 'rgb(255, 99, 132)',
borderColor: 'rgb(255, 99, 132)',
borderWidth: 3
}]
},
plugins: [ChartRough]
});
You can pass in options that control how rough the drawing is
and how curvy the lines are when drawing a sketch.
...
data: {
...
datasets: [{
...
rough: {
roughness: 2,
bowing: 2
}
}]
},
...
You can also specify options that control a fill style, the width and the angle
of the hachure lines and the average gap between two hachure lines.
See the Rough.js documentation for more details.
data: {
...
datasets: [{
...
rough: {
...
fillStyle: 'cross-hatch',
fillWeight: 0.25,
hachureAngle: 15,
hachureGap: 12
}
}]
},
...
Hand-writing fonts will best match sketchy charts.
You can easily use web fonts such as Indie Flower.
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Indie+Flower">
Chart.defaults.global.defaultFontFamily = '"Indie Flower", cursive';
Chart.defaults.global.defaultFontSize = 14;
var chart = new Chart(ctx, {
...
See also GitHub repository and samples


Dec 11th Update. I have continued to learn the software.
Dec 20th Update. I finished working on learning the script softwaare and wrote a meta teach back incorporating the software. Now I am on winter break.
Jan 6th Update. Now that I have finished my teachback, I am continuing to refine my knowledge of the software and play around with it more. I am writing a script within it for fun.
Jan 15th Update. I have finished learning the screenwriting software and have moved on to my next project. I am currently taking the lead on my Enviornmental history classes website. I am working on the backend of squarespace with both html and the built in webstie customizer.


Black Judge:
All of your transgressions have not yet been redeemed. You must begin your penitence once again. Would you be in need of a
sin eater
?
"I wish to atone for my sins."
Quit


Midsouth Marathon
Wynne AR/USA
Website: midsouthmarathon.racesonline.com
Race Winners
(19 runnings)
03
Nov
2007
04
Nov
2006
05
Nov
2005
06
Nov
2004
01 Nov
2003
02
Nov
2002
03 Nov
2001
18
Nov
2000
Nov
1999
Notes: 1999 was the inaugural year. Times for 2015-2017 are net
times.
04
Nov 2017
2:55:37
Brent Corbitt (CAN)
3:08:24
Melissa Hambuchen (AR/USA)
05
Nov 2016
2:58:29
Thomas Chapin (TN/USA)
3:52:59
Marybeth McCoy (OK/USA)
07 Nov
2015
2:43:19
Mark Ferguson (AR/USA)
3:01:42
Tia Stone (AR/USA)
01 Nov
2014
2:43:15
Bryan Baddorf (TN/USA)
3:25:49
Holly Walker (AR/USA)
02 Nov 2013
2:57:03
Erik John (GA/USA)
2:42:55
Leah Thorvilson-3
03
Nov 2012
3:01:33
Ted Herget (AR/USA)
3:33:00
Tammy Walther (AR/USA)
05
Nov 2011
2:45:26
Justin Radke (AR/USA)
2:57:14
Leah Thorvilson-2
06
Nov 2010
2:50:28
James Bresette (AR/USA)
3:30:36
Stacy Shaver (AR/USA)
07 Nov
2009
2:59:03
Scott Eason (AR/USA)
2:55:07
Leah Thorvilson (AR/USA)
01 Nov
2008
2:57:17
Kevin Dorsey (TN/USA)
3:28:40
Carolyn Rock (TN/USA)
2:40:45
Hillary Kogo (KEN)
3:28:17
Sherry Robertson (IN/USA)
2:34:20
Justin Gillette (MI/USA)
3:03:19
Melissa Lehman (MI/USA)
2:46:03.9
Chuck Engle (OR/USA)
3:26:42.6
Lisa Mills (AR/USA)
2:44:42.1
Alan Harris (LA/USA)
3:22:38.1
Melissa Gossman (IN/USA)
2:41:25.2
Lance Winders (TN/USA)
3:26:42.6
Joyce (Deason) Florance-3
2:39:29.3
Japheth Koech (KEN)
3:14:34.5
Rebecca Lowrance (MO/USA)
2:43:33.4
Chris Crawford (TX/USA)
3:09:59.3
Joyce
(Florance) Deason-2
2:26:32.7
Michael
Strickland (GA/USA)
3:12:28.1
Joyce (Florance) Deason (LA/USA)
2:29:54.8
Randy Starr (MO/USA)
3:17:19.2
Chrissy Ferguson (AR/USA)
Most Wins (1999-date)
Men
No man has won more than once.
Women
3
Joyce (Deason) Florance (LA/USA)
2000-01,2003
Leah Thorvilson (AR/USA)
2009,2011,20139
Prize Money
(ADR qualified runners)
Year Men Women Total 2007 $375 $375 $750 2006 600 375 975 Sums $975 $750 $1,725
Race Time Bias (sec/km)
Insufficient data to calculate the race time bias
Competitive Level (1990-date)
Insufficient data to calculate the competitive level.
Quality Performances
Men
No men under 2:20
Women
<2:44 1
<2:46 1
<2:48 1
<2:50 1
Last Updated on 08 Nov 2017


|
Panda3D
|
Public Member Functions | |
| __init__ () | |
| __init__ (const InternalNameCollection copy) | |
| addName (const InternalName name) | |
| Adds a new InternalName to the collection. More... | |
| addNamesFrom (const InternalNameCollection other) | |
| Adds all the InternalNames indicated in the other collection to this name. More... | |
| clear () | |
| Removes all InternalNames from the collection. More... | |
| const InternalName | getName (int index) |
| Returns the nth InternalName in the collection. More... | |
| list | getNames () |
| int | getNumNames () |
| Returns the number of InternalNames in the collection. More... | |
| bool | hasName (const InternalName name) |
| Returns true if the indicated InternalName appears in this collection, false otherwise. More... | |
| InternalNameCollection | operator+ (const InternalNameCollection other) |
| InternalNameCollection | operator+= (const InternalNameCollection other) |
| InternalNameCollection | operator= (const InternalNameCollection copy) |
| const InternalName | operator[] (int index) |
| Returns the nth InternalName in the collection. More... | |
| output (Ostream out) | |
| Writes a brief one-line description of the InternalNameCollection to the indicated output stream. More... | |
| removeDuplicateNames () | |
| Removes any duplicate entries of the same InternalNames on this collection. More... | |
| bool | removeName (const InternalName name) |
| Removes the indicated InternalName from the collection. More... | |
| removeNamesFrom (const InternalNameCollection other) | |
| Removes from this collection all of the InternalNames listed in the other collection. More... | |
| int | size () |
| Returns the number of names in the collection. More... | |
| write (Ostream out, int indent_level) | |
| Writes a complete multi-line description of the InternalNameCollection to the indicated output stream. More... | |
| __init__ | ( | ) |
| __init__ | ( | const InternalNameCollection | copy | ) |
| addName | ( | const InternalName | name | ) |
Adds a new InternalName to the collection.
| addNamesFrom | ( | const InternalNameCollection | other | ) |
Adds all the InternalNames indicated in the other collection to this name.
The other names are simply appended to the end of the names in this list; duplicates are not automatically removed.
| clear | ( | ) |
Removes all InternalNames from the collection.
| const InternalName getName | ( | int | index | ) |
Returns the nth InternalName in the collection.
| list getNames | ( | ) |
| int getNumNames | ( | ) |
Returns the number of InternalNames in the collection.
| bool hasName | ( | const InternalName | name | ) |
Returns true if the indicated InternalName appears in this collection, false otherwise.
| InternalNameCollection operator+ | ( | const InternalNameCollection | other | ) |
| InternalNameCollection operator+= | ( | const InternalNameCollection | other | ) |
| InternalNameCollection operator= | ( | const InternalNameCollection | copy | ) |
| const InternalName operator[] | ( | int | index | ) |
Returns the nth InternalName in the collection.
This is the same as get_name(), but it may be a more convenient way to access it.
| output | ( | Ostream | out | ) |
Writes a brief one-line description of the InternalNameCollection to the indicated output stream.
| removeDuplicateNames | ( | ) |
Removes any duplicate entries of the same InternalNames on this collection.
If a InternalName appears multiple times, the first appearance is retained; subsequent appearances are removed.
| bool removeName | ( | const InternalName | name | ) |
Removes the indicated InternalName from the collection.
Returns true if the name was removed, false if it was not a member of the collection.
| removeNamesFrom | ( | const InternalNameCollection | other | ) |
Removes from this collection all of the InternalNames listed in the other collection.
| int size | ( | ) |
Returns the number of names in the collection.
This is the same thing as get_num_names().
| write | ( | Ostream | out, |
| int | indent_level | ||
| ) |
Writes a complete multi-line description of the InternalNameCollection to the indicated output stream.


#include <db_cxx.h>int DbTxnMgr::checkpoint(u_int32_t kbyte, u_int32_t min) const;
The DbTxnMgr::checkpoint method flushes the underlying memory pool, writes a checkpoint record to the log and then flushes the log.
If either kbyte or min is non-zero, the checkpoint is only done if more than min minutes have passed since the last checkpoint, or if more than kbyte kilobytes of log data have been written since the last checkpoint.
The DbTxnMgr::checkpoint method either returns errno or throws an exception that encapsulates an errno on failure, and 0 on success, and DB_INCOMPLETE if there were pages that needed to be written but that DbMpool::sync was unable to write immediately. In this case, the DbTxnMgr::checkpoint call should be retried.
The DbTxnMgr::checkpoint method is the underlying method used by the db_checkpoint utility. See the db_checkpoint utility source code for an example of using DbTxnMgr::checkpoint in a POSIX 1003.1 environment.
The DbTxnMgr::checkpoint method may fail and throw an exception for any of the errors specified for the following Berkeley DB and C library functions: abort(3), fcntl(3), fflush(3), fprintf(3), free(3), getpid(3), DbLog::compare, DbLog::put, malloc(3), memcpy(3), DbMpool::sync, memset(3), strerror(3), time(3), vfprintf(3), and vsnprintf(3).
In addition, the DbTxnMgr::checkpoint method may fail and throw an exception or return errno for the following conditions:


Triangular Arrays
The following type declaration allows us to represente triangular arrays:
The i- line (starting from the top) contains a tuple of i
elements of type A.
Inductive triangular (A B : Type) :=
| base : B -> triangular A B
| line : B -> triangular A (A * B) -> triangular A B.
Definition triangle (A: Type) := triangular A A.
Arguments base {A B} _.
Arguments line {A B} _ _.
Example t1 : triangle nat :=
base 6.
Example t2 : triangle nat :=
line 5
(base (1, 1)).
Example t3 :triangle nat :=
line 6
(line (5, 3)
(line (5, (7, 8))
(base (1, (2, (3, 4)))))).
Task
Define functions for computing:
- The height of a triangle of type triangle A . For instance, t3's heigth is
4.
- The bottom line of a triangle : For instance, the list (1::2::3::4::nil)
for t3
- The leftmost colummn of a triangle : For instance, the list (6::5::5::1::nil)
for t3
- The rightmost diagonal of a triangle : For instance, the list (6::3::8::4::nil)
for t3
- A concatenation of all the lines of a triangle :
For instance, the list 6 :: 5 :: 3 :: 5 :: 7 :: 8 :: 1 :: 2 :: 3 :: 4 :: nil
for t3
Define a function that returns a triangle of given height, such that all the cells
contain the same given element.
Acknowledgements
This example of using inductive types with a varying parameter (here B)
was given to us by Ralph Mattes.
Solution
Look at this file
Extra work
Define the same structure as a type depending on the heigth of the triangle. Instead
of lists, you should return vectors.
Can you write a function that builds Pascal's triangle?


Engineering is the action of working artfully to bring something about. To change all those fears and rumors about engineering,future engineering aspirants should undergo personal and technical growth. The 8th semester paves a way to get rid of your placement fears and provides suggestions on technical growth that students should undergo. There is no wealth like knowledge, and no poverty like ignorance. We are ready to share our thoughts and knowledge, and we assure you all that we will give our best!


All the 2020 Golden Globe nominations
Cape Town - The nominees for the 2019 Golden Globes were announced in Los Angeles on Monday, 9 December.
The nominees were announced at the Beverly Hilton Hotel and was streamed live on the Golden Globes Facebook page and their website.
Presenters included Dakota Fanning, Susan Kelechi Watson and Tim Allen. The stars were joined by Golden Globe ambassadors Dylan and Paris Brosnan, and Hollywood Foreign Press Association president, Lorenzo Soria.
Tom Hanks is the recipient of the 2020 Cecile B. DeMille award and Ellen DeGeneres the 2020 Carol Burnett award.
Ricky Gervais will return to host the 77th edition of the glitzy ceremony on Sunday 5 January.
See the full list of nominees here:
FILM
Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Drama
Christian Bale, Ford v Ferrari
Antonio Banderas, Pain and Glory
Adam Driver, Marriage Story
Joaquin Phoenix, Joker
Jonathan Pryce, The Two Popes
Best Actress in a Motion Picture - Drama
Renée Zellweger, Judy
Cynthia Erivo, Harriet
Scarlett Johansson, Marriage Story
Saoirse Ronan, Little Women
Charlize Theron, Bombshell
Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy
Daniel Craig, Knives Out
Roman Griffin Davis, Jojo Rabbit
Leonardo DiCaprio, Once Upon a Time in Hollywood
Taron Egerton, Rocketman
Eddie Murphy, Dolemite Is My Name
Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy
Awkwafina, The Farewell
Ana de Armas, Knives Out
Cate Blanchett, Where’d You Go, Bernadette
Beanie Feldstein, Booksmart
Emma Thompson, Late Night
Best Actor in a Supporting Role in Any Motion Picture
Tom Hanks, Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood
Anthony Hopkins, The Two Popes
Al Pacino, The Irishman
Joe Pesci, The Irishman
Brad Pitt, Once Upon a Time in Hollywood
Best Actress in a Supporting Role in Any Motion Picture
Kathy Bates, Richard Jewell
Annette Bening, The Report
Laura Dern, Marriage Story
Jennifer Lopez, Hustlers
Margot Robbie, Bombshell
Best Director
Bong Joon-ho, Parasite
Sam Mendes, 1917
Todd Phillips, JokerMartin Scorsese, The Irishman
Quentin Tarantino, Once Upon a Time…in Hollywood
Best Motion Picture – Drama
The Irishman (Netflix)
Marriage Story (Netflix)
1917 (Universal)
Joker (Warner Bros.)
The Two Popes (Netflix)
Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy
Once Upon a Time in Hollywood (Sony)
Jojo Rabbit (Fox Searchlight)
Knives Out (Lionsgate)
Rocketman (Paramount)
Dolemite Is My Name (Netflix)
Best Motion Picture – Animated
Frozen II (Disney)
How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World (Universal)
Missing Link (United Artists Releasing)
Toy Story 4 (Disney)
Lion King
Best Screenplay
Marriage Story
Parasite
The Two Popes
Once Upon A Time In Hollywood
The Irishman
Best Foreign Language Film
The Farewell
Les Misérables
Pain and Glory
Parasite
Portrait of a Lady on Fire
Best Original Score
Alexandre Desplat, Little Women
Hildur Guðnadóttir, Joker
Randy Newman, Marriage Story
Thomas Newman, 1917
Daniel Pemberton, Motherless Brooklyn
Best Original Song
Beautiful Ghosts, Taylor Swift and Andrew Lloyd Webber, Cats
Into the Unknown, Kristen Anderson-Lopez and Robert Lopez, Frozen II
Spirit, Beyoncé, The Lion King
(I’m Gonna) Love Me Again, Elton John, Rocketman
Stand Up, Cynthia Erivo, Harriet
TELEVISION
Best Actor – Miniseries or Television Film
Chris Abbott, Catch 22
Sacha Baron Cohen, The Spy
Russell Crowe, The Loudest Voice
Jared Harris, Chernobyl
Sam Rockwell, Fosse/Verdon
Best Actress - Miniseries or Television Film
Michelle Williams, Fosse/Verdon
Helen Mirren, Catherine the Great
Merritt Wever, Unbelievable
Kaitlyn Dever, Unbelievable
Joey King, The Act
Best Supporting Actor – Series, Miniseries or Television Film
Alan Arkin, The Kominsky Method
Kieran Culkin, Succession
Andrew Scott, Fleabag
Stellan Skarsgard, Chernobyl
Henry Winkler, Barry
Best Supporting Actress - Series, Limited Series or Television Film
Patricia Arquette, The Act
Helena Bonham Carter, The Crown
Toni Collette
Meryl Streep, Big Little Lies
Emily Watson, Chernobyl
Best Performance by an Actor in a Television Series – Musical or Comedy
Michael Douglas, The Kominsky Method
Bill Hader, Barry
Ben Platt, The Politician
Paul Rudd, Living With Yourself
Rami Youssef, Ramy
Best Performance by an Actress in a Television Series – Musical or Comedy
Christina Applegate, Dead to Me
Rachel Brosnahan, The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel
Kirsten Dunst, On Becoming a God in Central Florida
Natasha Lyonne, Russian Doll
Phoebe Waller-Bridge, Fleabag
Best Performance by an Actor In A Television Series – Drama
Brian Cox, Succession
Kit Harington, Game of Thrones
Tobias Menzies, The Crown
Billy Porter, Pose
Rami Malek, Mr. Robot
Best Performance by an Actress In A Television Series – Drama
Jennifer Aniston, The Morning Show
Olivia Colman, The Crown
Jodie Comer, Killing Eve
Nicole Kidman, Big Little Lies
Reese Witherspoon, The Morning Show
Best Television Series – Drama
Big Little Lies (HBO)
The Crown (Netflix)
Killing Eve (BBC America)
The Morning Show (Apple TV Plus)
Succession (HBO)
Best Limited Series
Catch-22
Chernobyl
Fosse/Verdon
The Loudest Voice
Unbelievable
Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy
Barry (HBO)
Fleabag (BBC)
The Kominsky Method (Netflix)
The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel (Amazon)
The Politician (Netflix)
Compiled by Leandra Engelbrecht


Running PHP in Javascript 🤯
But why? you are wondering. You must be given some context: this is an experiment inside another experiment I'm doing to learn about Static Site Generators. PHP is the first language I knew well and I wanted to test whether it's a horrible or just a bad idea to use it for templates.
If you come from Google trying to find how to run PHP inside Javascript, you are very likely lost. Beware, this article is only for experts! /s
Since a large motivator for my site generator is to rely purely on Node.js and not to have to install Ruby, I also don't want to install PHP! But can you run PHP inside Javascript? I only need the most basic PHP features: variables, echo, loops.
The sarcastic language of this article might be deceiving, but there is a working demo below.
Initial objective
The idea came when I was making FrontMatter work properly for the current file. It is also related to my general dissatisfaction with the Node.js template engines, but that a topic for another day:
---
title: Running PHP in Javascript
---
<head>
<title>{{title}}</title>
<meta content="{{title}}" property="og:title" />
</head>
It reminded me quite a bit to what can be achieved with raw PHP:
<? $title = "Running PHP in Javascript"; ?>
<head>
<title><?= $title ?></title>
<meta content="<?= $title ?>" property="og:title" />
</head>
Googling around
Google just led me to 780 StackOverflow questions with -1
average score. After reading some, I believe the average score should be more like -5
. I also learned that devs are trying to do:
alert("<?= "Hello world" ?>");
As an astute reader might notice, that is supposed to run first through the PHP server, then sent to the browser and finally run the resulting alert("Hello world")
on the client. But this level of sophistication is too high, I just want to run raw PHP on the browser! I want something like this:
// No server needed, "just" Javascript parsing PHP
alert(php(`<?= "Hello world" ?>`));
But not even Reddit's "PHP" search in r/atwoodslaw
could find what I seek.
Promising finds
After getting lucky with a "PHP parser Javascript" search, I end up finding the package php-parser
in Github/npm. The problem is that the output is an Abstract Syntax Tree. I just wanted to run the code, not whatever an abstract tree seems to be:
Since you are reading this it means that in the Related Projects category I found my next clue. I head to the website with the funny looking cat: babel-preset-php
. It transpiles PHP into Javascript 🎉
Since babel is in total chaos with the whole babel-loader
vs @babel/loader
and no one knows which one is which (ironic, innit?), I give up and take a break. I do practice my Kanjis, speak with my family in Spanish and think about the English title for this article.
Building up the library
Fresh again, I scavenge the library babel-preset-php
for my project. I am now using:
php-parser
to transform the PHP into the Abstract Tree thing.babel-preset-php
ravaged files to do something that I have no idea what it is but it's the only way to keep it working.@babel/generator
to finally generate the Javascript from the previous step.- A bit of Javascript. I use the fancier
new Function()
to pretend it's better thaneval()
.
I wasn't going to show you, but since my code is so tiny thanks to those great libraries I can just paste it here for your satisfaction:
import parser from 'php-parser';
import translator from './translator';
import generator from '@babel/generator';
const run = (code, opts) => {
// Make a closure so that `out` doesn't collide with the PHP variables:
let out = '';
// Define `echo` since it's used in the transpiled JS code for some reason
opts.echo = opts.echo || (str => out += str);
// Pretend this is safe. Pro tip: IT IS NOT SAFE
new Function(...Object.keys(opts), code)(...Object.values(opts));
return out;
}
export default function (src, opts = {}) {
const ast = new parser().parseCode(src);
const file = translator.translateProgram(ast);
const code = generator(file).code;
return run(code, opts);
};
Later on I will export some individual parts for better testing, but that is really all there is to it.
Demo
The long-awaited demo!  I already loaded the php()
function for you, but are you ready to run it?
Tips to make the demo better for lack of documentation:
- Use backticks as the first argument of
php()
to allow for any quote type and multi line. - Provide a second argument as a plain object like
{ hello: 'world' }
to define the variable$hello
with the value"world"
inside the PHP code. - If you want to run it with express use
{ _GET: req.query, _POST: req.body }
as the second argument (do not do it, specially on a live server). - You could pass
window
as the second argument as well if you prefer PHP instead of Javascript. Heck, you could make a tool that finds and runs all<script src="ohmy.php" type="application/php"></script>
. - I am running
eval()
against your code. The php() function is basically runningeval()
internally. Do I get a "Go to Jail card" for basically doingeval(eval(...))
?
 Use it just as an example of things that should never happen. If you really, really need to use this, and want more features, feel free to throw me loads of money and I might consider talking you out of it or contacting the relevant health authorities.
Now that we have reached this point and seeing how many languages have AST generators, I ponder: can any language be transpiled to Javascript? Should we do it? Webassembly is going to eat JS so we might just give it a try!
If you hate PHP, or Javascript, and you really want to let me and others know* feel free to comment on Hacker News:


The name is not valid.
The username is not valid.
The email is not valid.
The password is too short.
The password does not match.


Children Among Six People Injured in Car Blast in Western Afghanistan
KABUL (Sputnik) - At least six people, including three children, were injured in a car explosion in the city of Herat in western Afghanistan early Sunday, a civilian source said.
The victims were transported to a local hospital, the source added.
The blast was caused by a magnetic mine, according to police spokesman Abdul Ahad Wali Zada.
Meanwhile, another bomb blast rocked a local market in Mazar Sharif city in Balkh province in the north of the country on Saturday evening.
At least one child was injured in the explosion.
Afghanistan has long been suffering from an unstable security situation. The government has been fighting the Taliban* for almost two decades, and the Daesh* terrorist group, which has been operating in Afghanistan since 2015.
*Taliban, Daesh (ISIS, ISIL, IS, Islamic State) are terrorist groups banned in Russia and many other countries.