Retrieval#
We were able to make simulations in the previous section, but now let’s suppose we want to retrieve the dust optical depth (instead of treating it as a fixed quantity). All that we really need to do is run simulations with a bunch of different optical depths and see which one matches an observation the best … though the implementation details aren’t quite so crude. To demonstrate how to do this, I ran this code with a a dust optical depth known only to me and I’ll show you how to get this value from what we’ve written.
Let’s suppose we measured the following reflectance (I/F) spectrum at the input set of wavelengths (this was the result of my simulation).
rfl = np.array([0.116, 0.108, 0.084, 0.094, 0.092])
If we want to retrieve a scalar optical depth over this spectral range we want a function that accepts a test optical depth and finds the optical depth that best fits this spectrum. The following function does that
def test_optical_depth(test_od):
# Trap the guess
if not 0 <= test_od <= 2:
return 9999999
od = OpticalDepth(dust_profile, hydro.column_density, fs.extinction,
test_od)
dust_info = (od.total, dust_ssa, dust_pf)
model = Atmosphere(rayleigh_info, dust_info)
od_holder = np.zeros(n_wavelengths)
for wav_index in range(n_wavelengths):
rfldir, rfldn, flup, dfdt, uavg, uu, albmed, trnmed = \
disort.disort(USRANG, USRTAU, IBCND, ONLYFL, PRNT, PLANK, LAMBER,
DELTAMPLUS, DO_PSEUDO_SPHERE,
model.optical_depth[:, wav_index],
model.single_scattering_albedo[:, wav_index],
model.legendre_moments[:, :, wav_index],
TEMPER, WVNMLO, WVNMHI,
UTAU, UMU0, PHI0, UMU, PHI, FBEAM, FISOT,
ALBEDO, BTEMP, TTEMP, TEMIS, EARTH_RADIUS, H_LYR, RHOQ, RHOU,
RHO_ACCURATE, BEMST, EMUST, ACCUR, HEADER, RFLDIR,
RFLDN, FLUP, DFDT, UAVG, UU, ALBMED, TRNMED)
od_holder[wav_index] = uu[0, 0, 0]
return np.sum((od_holder - rfl)**2)
This function is worth explaining. The if
statement allows me to
specify some physical boundaries—if the input optical depth is outside an
acceptable range, I return a huge value. Next, I realize that if I only want to
retrieve the dust optical depth, nothing in this guide before the place where
I define the optical depth is affected; that is, the equation of state,
input angles, input wavelengths, etc. don’t need modification. In fact, only
the atmospheric model cares about the different optical depths.
Finally, I create an empty array that will hold the values
as DISORT is run at each of the wavelengths (just like before) and populate
it along the way, but I only return the square of the distance from the target
spectrum. This essentially tells us how close the input optical depth is to the
target. If we minimize the output of this function, we found the best fit dust
optical depth.
Fortunately, scipy has some minimization routines for just this sort of thing. I’ll use their Nelder-Mead algorithm (a slower but robust algorithm) but feel free to use another one if you’ve got more familiarity with them. All we need to do is provide it a function to minimize (which we just defined) along with an initial guess.
from scipy import optimize
def retrieve_od(guess):
return optimize.minimize(test_optical_depth, np.array([guess]),
method='Nelder-Mead').x
Now let’s do a retrieval where we guess that the optical depth is 1 and see how long it takes to run.
import time
t0 = time.time()
print(retrieve_od(1))
t1 = time.time()
print(f'The retrieval took {(t1 - t0):.3f} seconds.')
On my aging computer this outputs
[0.2359375]
The retrieval took 0.699 seconds.
I originally ran the simulation with an optical depth of 0.234 so our solver worked pretty accurately. It was also pretty fast! Be aware that the time will increase significantly if you’re fitting multiple parameters, such as multiple aerosol optical depths.
Hopefully you see the benefit of building a model piece by piece—you only need to repeat the steps that change as you iterate over the parameter(s). Radiative transfer has a reputation of being computationally intensive. This won’t change that, but it’s an attempt to make your model as efficient as possible. Next, we’ll look at how to parallelize the code we just wrote (once I’m feeling up for it).


Reports headOption and lastOption on an instance of Option.
headOption
lastOption
Option
The quick-fix removes these redundant calls.
Example:
Option(1).lastOption
After the quick-fix is applied:
Option(1)


Scottish Enterprise
USABILITY RATINGS SCORECARD
WEBSITE
Generate Usability Ratings Scorecard
Ratings are Percentages


CTOC quiz MoBay businessman for over two hours
A prominent Montego Bay businessman was recently questioned for over two hours by the Counter-Terrorism and Organised Crime Investigation (CTOC) Branch of the Jamaica Constabulary Force.
The businessman, a player in the travel and tour industry, was quizzed by the cops about activities carried out on behalf of his company while it was in liquidation.
The company was placed in liquidation twice by the Supreme Court. The contention, however, is that its principals conducted certain transactions, which included the filing of a lawsuit against another prominent Jamaican company, while the entity was in liquidation, which is believed to have contravened Jamaican law.
The businessman sat through the interview with his two Kingston-based lawyers.
Allegations are that company executives acted without the permission of the court or the liquidator of the company.
Under Jamaican law, companies in liquidation can only act through a liquidator or by a directive of the court. Anything else could amount to an offence.
A senior police source said that the possibility of a further interview existed, adding that the businessman's lawyers would be contacted soon to outline the decisions that have been made in respect to the findings from the interview, and a determination made regarding whether or not charges will be laid against him.
“The CTOC investigators are going through the information and soon, certain decisions will be made,” the senior police source said. “Investigations are continuing and there are some documents outstanding from a Government agency that will assist in the investigations.”
CTOC was formed out of a merger of the Organised Crime Investigation Division, and the Flying Squad.


Make egg out of recall matrix
Plot Lag-CRP
Plot serial position curve
Plot memory fingerprint
Plot probability of first recall
Plot free recall accuracy
Plot temporal clustering
Plot probability of nth recall
Plot free recall accuracy in an existing ax object
Decode speech
Create a multisubject egg
Crack Egg
Create an egg
Optimal presenter
Gallery generated by Sphinx-Gallery


Hosting plan for srfi.schemers.org
I propose that we change the hosting of SRFI as follows:
- store all code and documents in Github,
- use a web mail hosting provider, Simplelists, rather than managing mail archives and delivery ourselves, and
- move the static hosting site to Linode.
This will reduce system administration work for editors, and will make contributions easier because Git, Subversion, and all of Github's tools will be available for use.
I've created the repository containing this document (srfi-common
) and the repository for each SRFI by running cvs2git
on the existing srfi.schemers.org
CVS repository, module srfi
, then using git filter-branch
to split it into separate repositories. Until the official switch to Github, I'll keep it up to date as new changes are made in CVS. I'll host srfi.schemers.org
on a Linode instance. The mailing list archives are not included in the CVS repository, but I've preserved them on Github, too.
Simplelists can host all of our mailing lists. They will deliver messages, archive them on the web, and handle subscription and unsubscription. They've agreed to upload our existing mailing list archives into the web archives they host and to make it possible for us to download new messages periodically.
I'm making a few changes to the repository after conversion from CVS:
- Add "README.org" and this document, "hosting-plan.org". (The "README.org" file is what users first see when visiting the home page for this repository on Github.)
- Update every reference to the old way of subscribing and unsubscribing to mailing lists to use the Simplelists web forms. (Since there are so many such pages, I've included a trivial template engine and other code for automating that update.)
- Update and revise some of the text on the administrative pages.
- Replace links using all "viewcvs" URLs of previous revisions of SRFI with ones pointing at versions explicitly checked into Git.
- Extract the contents of all ".tar.gz" files so that individual implementation files are accessible directly.
- Check in all existing mailing list archives.
- Point currently active (and future) archives to Simplelists, where they'll be uploaded.
- Add links from the old email archives to the new ones.
- Temporarily change all links to srfi.schemers.org to equivalent links on srfi.speechcode.com so that I can test before the DNS change. I'll undo that change when we move the DNS for srfi.schemers.org to point to the new web host on Linode.
I believe that this will be a good way to continue the SRFI process, minimize the editors' workload, and make contributions easier.
Michael Sperber has approved an earlier version of this proposal, so I'm working on implementing it.
— Arthur A. Gleckler
The history of this document (i.e. the .org
source) is here.


lever: One of the two controllers to the left of the keyboard on the Digital Chroma. The {_control_signal control signals} generated by them can be used to modulate anything, but typically the left lever is used to control {_sweep} amplitude, and indirectly vibrato, while the right is used to modulate {_oscillator} pitch, for pitch bend. This assignment works well because the thumb and forefinger can bend the pitch either way, while the middle finger can pull for vibrato.
Note that each side of a lever's range can be used as a separate modulation source, with names starting with "\-lever" or "+lever".
The physical polarities of the levers (which direction is considered positive) can be set by {_global_parameter global parameters} according to the player's preference.


input data
shipped by the application
processing code
provided
|
changeable by a user and is therefore untrusted. The code is then evaluated in a Plugin created with the
Jailed
library. The Plugin runs in a sandboxed iframe in order to prevent accessing the main application
output
Regenerate
Process
data processing demo
cast
this demo
source code
untrusted code sandboxing
jailed
gradient scrolling indicator
intence
scrolling with mouse drag
dragscroll


Using LLVM From Within Rust
31 Jan 2014Continuing with my previous writing theme about lower-level concepts from within Rust; we're going to get start using LLVM with Rust.
As I stated in my previous blog post, Rust is amazing with interoping with C and even C++, which is hard to come by. However, because LLVM is written in C++, it introduces the need to link against libc++ and create wrappers around C++'s classes and types.
Luckily — or maybe not, considering Rust's compiler is built using LLVM — we already have usable Rust bindings in-place. However, there's roughly no documentation on these bindings, except the source, and Rust's compiler, which has a lot more stuff going on than simple LLVM usage.
Now, the first order of operations is to link against rustc
, the Rust compiler library. I'll also note that Rust is very good at handling this type of stuff, without adding any arguments to rustc
— the compiler executable.
Let's begin to define our program. We'll create a new file called bin.rs
and it's full path being src/bin.rs
. This is standard Rust operations.
fn main() {
}
Because rustc
(the library) is a dynamic library, sitting somewhere in your Rust installation directories, we'll need to tell Rust to find it.
extern mod rustc;
fn main() {}
This tells Rust that we want to link against an external module. However, depending on your installation, you might have multiple versions of Rust installed, or previous versions having leftover files on your system. We'll need to be explicit about which version we should link against.
extern mod rustc = = "rustc#0.10-pre";
fn main() {}
I'm currently building against the master branch of Rust, so you can replace the version accordingly.
The main LLVM wrapping types are under rustc::lib::llvm
. This include ModuleRef
, ContextRef
, etc... However, all the functions are defined under rustc::lib::llvm::llvm
. Let's include some of those modules which will make things less verbose when calling any LLVM functions.
extern mod rustc = = "rustc#0.10-pre";
use rustc::lib::llvm::llvm;
fn main() {}
Great! Now we'll need to fill out our main
function. We'll first need to wrap everything under an unsafe
block.
...
fn main() {
unsafe {
...
}
}
This isn't going to be an LLVM tutorial. You can find out how to use LLVM itself in it's respective documentation. All the docs will be using C++, so you'll have to do some work getting that translated over to Rust land.
We'll need three things created:
- Module
- Context
- Builder
We'll only create a single, global context, but you'd typically want to create multiple contexts if you'd need isolation between, say, multiple threads.
We won't be using the builder, so it's optional at this stage, unless you want to emit some useful LLVM IR.
extern mod rustc = "rustc#0.10-pre";
use rustc::lib::llvm::llvm;
fn main() {
unsafe {
// Create our first global context.
let llvm_context = llvm::LLVMContextCreate();
// Create our module `module1` and attach our context.
let llvm_module = "mod1".with_c_str(|buf| {
llvm::LLVMModuleCreateWithNameInContext(buf, llvm_context)
});
// Create a useless builder.
let builder = llvm::LLVMCreateBuilderInContext(llvm_context);
// Dump the output of the LLVM module in IR format.
llvm::LLVMDumpModule(llvm_module);
}
}
That's it. We can build the program with:
rustc src/bin.rs -o bin/rustllvm
Once running, you should have gotten the following output:
; ModuleID = 'mod1'
That's it! Pretty simple, eh?
You can check out the full source code on github.


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Created by {{ team.creator.username }}
{{ team.description|truncatewords_html:20 }}


🔒 Revoke access to {{ grant.body.contract.client.body.name }} ?
This application is accessing the following data:


‘Accumulation of particulate matter’ causes hazy skies, unhealthy air quality in Singapore
- Advertisement -
Singapore—The morning of November 13, Wednesday, saw haze return to Singapore, which the National Environmental Agency (NEA) attributes to “accumulation of particulate matter.”
However, while the haze may take a little bit of time to clear due to the absence of strong winds at that time, the NEA said in a Facebook post that it expected the situation to improve because of afternoon thunderstorms.
With the presence of haze, the quality of the air was similarly affected, with readings in the eastern part of the country rising to reach levels considered unhealthy by 11:00 on the morning of November 13th.
By 7pm, readings for the south part of Singapore had also registered in the unhealthy range.
- Advertisement -
Per the NEA’s scale, PSI readings from 50 and below mean that air quality is “good.” At 51 to 100, air quality is “moderate,” and from 101 to 200, air quality is categorized in the “unhealthy” range.
By 7pm on November 13, here were the country’s readings, in descending order. 105 in the south, 98 in the east, 92 in the north, 90 in the west and 88 in the central region.
The NEA reassured the public that it would closely monitor the situation and give updates as needed.
As the NEA predicted, skies had cleared by Thursday morning and the air quality had improved as well. By 9am, the PSI readings were as follows: 87 in the south, 75 in the east, 76 in the north, 79 in the west and 79 in the central region.
In May of this year, the Singapore Institute of International Affairs (SIIA) said there would be a “moderate risk” that the country would experience severe haze in 2019, akin to the one it last saw four years ago.
On May 2, Thursday, SIIA launched its Haze Outlook for Southern ASEAN Summary Report at the 6th Singapore Dialogue on Sustainable World Resources Conference, which was held at the Fullerton Hotel Singapore.
In 2015, haze-covered many parts of South East Asia for several months, with Pollutant Standards Index (PSI) levels reaching unprecedented highs. For instance, forest fires in Indonesia in October 2015 caused the PSI to reach a 1936 reading. In that country, levels of 350 and higher are already considered hazardous, and schools are already closed for PSI readings that are lower than 350.
Back then, the months-long haze was considered one of “the most severe events on record.” In September through November in Singapore that year, PSI readings hit hazardous levels as well.
The goal of the report from SIIA is to serve as both a risk assessment and well as a predictive tool for countries within the region to see whether Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore could experience haze again during the dry season in the middle of the year.
In 1997 and 2015, haze intensified due to a prolonged dry period as well as the El Nino phenomenon, which sees a warming of the central and eastern parts of the Pacific Ocean, occurring every 3-7 years, and causing changes in patterns of global weather.
El Nino has been predicted to occur again this year, 2019, but with less severity. -/TISG
Read related: “Moderate risk” of severe haze for Singapore this year—SIIA report
- Advertisement -


Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Cases in MA
As of March 28, 2020
CATEGORY |
NUMBER OF CONFIRMED CASES |
|---|---|
County |
|
Barnstable |
133 |
Berkshire |
119 |
Bristol |
179 |
Dukes and Nantucket |
8 |
Essex |
472 |
Franklin |
39 |
Hampden |
183 |
Hampshire |
30 |
Middlesex |
842 |
Norfolk |
490 |
Plymouth |
272 |
Suffolk |
843 |
Worcester |
291 |
Unknown |
356 |
Sex |
|
Female |
2157 |
Male |
2067 |
Unknown |
33 |
| Age Group | |
≤19 years of age |
83 |
20-29 years of age |
723 |
30-39 years of age |
752 |
40-49 years of age |
690 |
50-59 years of age |
812 |
60-69 years of age |
588 |
≥ 70 years of age |
602 |
Unknown |
7 |
Deaths |
|
Attributed to COVID-19 |
44 |
Hospitalization |
|
Patient was hospitalized |
350 |
Patient was not hospitalized |
1226 |
Under Investigation |
2681 |
These data are cumulative and current as of March 28, 2020 at 12:30PM.
PLEASE NOTE: Now that COVID-19 cases have been seen in all 14 counties in Mass, and the great majority of new cases have unknown exposure, we are no longer reporting daily on Exposures.
| Laboratory | Total Patients Positive | Total Patients Tested |
|---|---|---|
| MA State Public Health Laboratory | 718 | 6606 |
| ARUP | 17 | 183 |
| Baystate Medical Center | 43 | 100 |
| Bedford Research Foundation | 4 | 71 |
| Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center | 297 | 2082 |
| BioReference Laboratories | 3 | 9 |
| Boston Medical Center | 85 | 305 |
| BROAD Institute CRSP | 47 | 387 |
| Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | 1 | 11 |
| Children’s Hospital Boston | 8 | 88 |
| Genesys Diagnostics | 12 | 12 |
| LabCorp | 244 | 2901 |
| Mayo Clinic Labs | 126 | 606 |
| Partners Healthcare | 305 | 2232 |
| Quest Laboratories | 2057 | 17220 |
| Tufts Medical Center | 201 | 1066 |
| UMASS Memorial Medical Center | 4 | 4 |
| Viracor | 69 | 1089 |
| Other | 16 | 77 |
| Total Patients Tested* | 4257 | 35049 |
Data are cumulative and current as of March 28, 2020 at 12:30PM.
*Other commercial and clinical laboratories continue to come on line. As laboratory testing results are processed and the source verified, they will be integrated into this daily report


@* * Copyright 2021 HM Revenue & Customs * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. *@ @import uk.gov.hmrc.govukfrontend.views.html.components.GovukButton @this(main_template: pageLayout, govukButton: GovukButton) @()(implicit request: Request[_], messages: Messages) @main_template(pageHeading = messages("saveForm.heading")) {
@messages("saveForm.content")
@messages("saveForm.continue") @includes.formHelp() }


The essence of this process is very fundamental indeed. We may understand it best by comparing the work of a fifty-year-old carpenter with the work of a novice. The experienced carpenter keeps going. He doesn’t have to keep stopping, because every action he performs, is calculated in such a way that some later action can put it right to the extent that it is imperfect now. What is critical here, is the sequence of events. The carpenter never takes a step which he cannot correct later; so he can keep working, confidently, steadily.
The novice by comparison, spends a great deal of his time trying to figure out what to do. He does this essentially because he knows that an action he takes now may cause unretractable problems a little further down the line; and if he is not careful, he will find himself with a joint that requires the shortening of some crucial member – at a stage when it is too late to shorten that member. The fear of these kinds of mistakes forces him to spend hours trying to figure ahead: and it forces him to work as far as possible to exact drawings because they will guarantee that he avoids these kinds of mistakes.


| Field | Description | Type | Format |
|---|---|---|---|
| commercial_delinquent_amount | Commercial Delinquent Amount | number | 10.2 |
| commercial_delinquent_count | Commercial Delinquent Count | number | 10.2 |
| consumer_delinquent_amount | Consumer Delinquent Amount | number | 10.2 |
| consumer_delinquent_count | Consumer Delinquent Count | number | 10.2 |
| debt_by_category_amount | Delinquent Debt By Category Amount | number | 10.2 |
| debt_by_category_count | Delinquent Debt By Category Count | number | 10.2 |
| delinquent_commercial_amount | Delinquent Debt Commercial Amount | number | 10.2 |
| delinquent_commercial_count | Delinquent Debt Commercial Count | number | 10.2 |
| delinquent_consumer_amount | Delinquent Debt Consumer Amount | number | 10.2 |
| delinquent_consumer_count | Delinquent Debt Consumer Count | number | 10.2 |
| end_balance_amount | Ending Balance Amount | number | 10.2 |
| end_balance_count | Ending Balance Count | number | 10.2 |
| funding_type | Funding Type | number | 10.2 |
| funding_type_description | Funding Type Description | string | |
| funding_type_id | Funding Type ID | number | 10.2 |
| is_receivable_type_active | Receivable Type Active Indicator | string | |
| receivable_type_description | Receivable Type Descriptions | string | |
| receivable_type_id | Receivable Type ID | number | 10.2 |
| reporting_quarter_end_date | Reporting Quarter End Date | date | YYYY-MM-DD |
| reporting_window_status | Reporting Window Status | string | |
| reporting_fiscal_year | Fiscal Year | year | YYYY |
| reporting_fiscal_quarter | Fiscal Quarter Number | string |


MKME
Perusahaan
Layanan
Layanan1
Layanan2
Layanan3
Kontak
MKME
This website is under construction.
Please be patient.
Thank you.


--- title: "Research Paper: Research Proposal" linktitle: "04 Research Proposal" date: "2020-08-26" due_date: "2020-11-11" due_time: "11:59 PM" menu: assignment: parent: Research Paper weight: 5 type: docs editor_options: chunk_output_type: console ---
The goal of this submission is for you to translate your research idea and data set into the outline of a workable paper. You can think of your research proposal as summary of what your question is, why it matters, and how you intend to solve it.
For this assignment, no actual analysis or datawork is necessary. However, you may find it helpful to work with your dataset to get a better sense of what empirical specifications are feasible.
Your proposal should be four- to six-pages long (double spaced, excluding tables) and include the following components.
Clearly stated research question. What hypotheses are you testing?
Motivation - why is this important/interesting?
Link to related literature - what do we already know?
Data set - description of data set - make sure you include the sources!
Empirical specification: You must include the empirical specification of the regression(s) you are estimating, along with a clear description of what each variable is.
Planned analysis: How will your results answer your research question? What challenges/limitations will you face? This is a good place to discuss any omitted variable bias, other possible violations of our assumptions
Bibliography - for any references cited in your proposal plus any data sources
(Optional) Outline of tables (not in page limit): In as much detail as possible, outline the tables you plan to include (no numbers necessary)
Keep in mind that the more detail you include, the better the feedback you’ll receive! A classmate will provide a peer review of your proposal, providing feedback to help you turn your proposal into a final paper
Consult the grading rubric for additional guidance!
Your research proposal should be written in paragraph form (i.e. complete sentences, not bullet points), copy-edited for grammatical/spelling errors, and submitted as a word document.
See Teams for example proposals. These are not perfect, but they are all of high quality.


We've been roasting the best coffee since 1950, serving more than 50 countries to the most sofisticated restaurants and cafes


Turn checkboxes and radio buttons in toggle switches.
Hi, Emanuele here. I am currently the sole contributor of Bootstrap Switch and have been mantaining it for quite a considerable amount of time.
The development pace is strongly affected by the personal lack of time and a missing core team behind the project.
It would be nice to have someone available for clearing the list of open issues and occasionally implementing new functionalities.
If interest, you can drop me a line or pick a bug, kill it and open a Pull Request against develop
branch.
Any contribution made after February 5th, 2015 is to be dual-licensed Apache and MIT, and thus, once all previous contributors agree, we will change the license to MIT (like Bootstrap did)
Many thanks.
Include the dependencies: jQuery, Bootstrap and Bootstrap Switch CSS + Javascript:
[...]
<link href="bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="bootstrap-switch.css" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="jquery.js"></script>
<script src="bootstrap-switch.js"></script>
[...]
Add your checkbox:
<input type="checkbox" name="my-checkbox" checked>
Initialize Bootstrap Switch on it:
$("[name='my-checkbox']").bootstrapSwitch();
Enjoy.
If you want to use your bootstrap variables, include bootstrap-switch.less
in your compilation stack. You can even choose among Bootstrap versions 2.3.2 or 3.. compatible source.
Two custom directives are available:
A Knockout binding handler is available here
A NuGet package is available here
IE9+ and all the other modern browsers.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
We are in the process of changing from Apache to MIT. If you contributed before February 5th, 2015, please add your vote here to accept license change: https://github.com/nostalgiaz/bootstrap-switch/issues/347


Enter: Reset Pyramid, ←→: Pyramid Y-Rotation,↑↓: Pyramid X-Rotation, xz: Pyramid Z-Rotation
aq: Scale Entire Pyramid, sw: Scale X-Dimension, de: Scale Y-Dimension, fr: Scale z-Dimension
gt: Shear X-Dimension, hy: Shear Y-Dimension, ju: Shear Z-Dimension
ki: Translate Along X, lo: Translate Along Y, ;p: Translate Along Z
123: Reflect Pyramid, cv: Spin the Pyramid!


| arrow.data.AndThen |
AndThen wraps a function of shape (A) -> B and can be used to do function composition. It’s similar to arrow.core.andThen and arrow.core.compose and can be used to build stack safe data structures that make use of lambdas. Usage is typically used for signature such as A -> Kind<F, A> where F has a arrow.typeclasses.Monad instance i.e. StateT.flatMap. |
| arrow.data.AndThenKindedJ |
|
| arrow.data.AndThenOf |
|
| arrow.data.AndThenPartialOf |
|
| arrow.data.Cokleisli |
|
| arrow.data.CokleisliFun |
|
| arrow.data.CokleisliKindedJ |
|
| arrow.data.CokleisliOf |
|
| arrow.data.CokleisliPartialOf |
|
| arrow.data.Coproduct |
|
| arrow.data.CoproductKindedJ |
|
| arrow.data.CoproductOf |
|
| arrow.data.CoproductPartialOf |
|
| arrow.data.Coreader |
|
| arrow.data.CoreaderT |
|
| arrow.data.Day |
|
| arrow.data.DayKindedJ |
|
| arrow.data.DayOf |
|
| arrow.data.DayPartialOf |
|
| arrow.data.EitherT |
EitherT<F, A, B> is a light wrapper on an F< Either<A, B>> with some convenient methods for working with this nested structure. |
| arrow.data.EitherTKindedJ |
|
| arrow.data.EitherTOf |
|
| arrow.data.EitherTPartialOf |
|
| arrow.data.ForAndThen |
|
| arrow.data.ForCokleisli |
|
| arrow.data.ForCoproduct |
|
| arrow.data.ForDay |
|
| arrow.data.ForEitherT |
|
| arrow.data.ForIor |
|
| arrow.data.ForKleisli |
|
| arrow.data.ForListK |
|
| arrow.data.ForMapK |
|
| arrow.data.ForMoore |
|
| arrow.data.ForNonEmptyList |
|
| arrow.data.ForOptionT |
|
| arrow.data.ForReader |
Alias ReaderHK for ReaderTHK |
| arrow.data.ForReaderT |
Alias ReaderTHK for KleisliHK |
| arrow.data.ForSequenceK |
|
| arrow.data.ForSetK |
|
| arrow.data.ForSortedMapK |
|
| arrow.data.ForState |
Alias for StateHK |
| arrow.data.ForStateT |
|
| arrow.data.ForStore |
|
| arrow.data.ForSum |
|
| arrow.data.ForValidated |
|
| arrow.data.ForWriterT |
|
| kotlin.Function1 (extensions in package arrow.data) |
|
| arrow.core.FunctionK (extensions in package arrow.data) |
|
| arrow.data.Invalid |
|
| arrow.data.Ior |
Port of https://github.com/typelevel/cats/blob/v0.9.0/core/src/main/scala/cats/data/Ior.scala |
| arrow.data.IorNel |
|
| arrow.data.IorOf |
|
| arrow.data.IorPartialOf |
|
| kotlin.collections.Iterator (extensions in package arrow.data) |
|
| arrow.Kind (extensions in package arrow.data) |
|
| arrow.data.Kleisli |
Kleisli represents a function parameter from D to a value Kind<F, A> . |
| arrow.data.KleisliFun |
Alias that represents a function from D to a monadic value Kind<F, A> |
| arrow.data.KleisliKindedJ |
|
| arrow.data.KleisliOf |
|
| arrow.data.KleisliPartialOf |
|
| kotlin.collections.List (extensions in package arrow.data) |
|
| arrow.data.ListK |
A wrapper data type also considered by the @extension mechanisms to forward type class instance methods into both the wrapper and the wrapped data type. Ex. List#foldMap(M: Monoid) |
| arrow.data.ListKOf |
|
| kotlin.collections.Map (extensions in package arrow.data) |
|
| arrow.data.MapK |
|
| arrow.data.MapKOf |
|
| arrow.data.MapKPartialOf |
|
| arrow.data.Moore |
|
| arrow.data.MooreKindedJ |
|
| arrow.data.MooreOf |
|
| arrow.data.MoorePartialOf |
|
| arrow.data.Nel |
|
| arrow.data.NonEmptyList |
A List that can not be empty |
| arrow.data.NonEmptyListOf |
|
| arrow.core.Option (extensions in package arrow.data) |
|
| arrow.data.OptionT |
OptionT<F, A> is a light wrapper on an F< Option<A>> with some convenient methods for working with this nested structure. |
| arrow.data.OptionTKindedJ |
|
| arrow.data.OptionTOf |
|
| arrow.data.OptionTPartialOf |
|
| kotlin.Pair (extensions in package arrow.data) |
|
| arrow.data.Reader |
Reader represents a computation that has a dependency on D. Reader<D, A> is an alias for ReaderT<ForId, D, A> and Kleisli<ForId, D, A> . |
| arrow.data.ReaderApi |
|
| arrow.data.ReaderFun |
Alias that represents a computation that has a dependency on D. |
| arrow.data.ReaderOf |
Alias ReaderKind for ReaderTKind |
| arrow.data.ReaderPartialOf |
Alias to partially apply type parameter D to Reader. |
| arrow.data.ReaderT |
Reader represents a computation that has a dependency on D with a result within context F. ReaderT<F, D, A> is the monad transfomer variant of Reader and an alias for Kleisli<F, D, A> . |
| arrow.data.ReaderTFun |
Alias that represents a computation that has a dependency on D. |
| arrow.data.ReaderTOf |
Alias ReaderTKind for KleisliKind |
| arrow.data.ReaderTPartialOf |
Alias to partially apply type parameter F and D to ReaderT. |
| kotlin.sequences.Sequence (extensions in package arrow.data) |
|
| arrow.data.SequenceK |
|
| arrow.data.SequenceKOf |
|
| kotlin.collections.Set (extensions in package arrow.data) |
|
| arrow.data.SetK |
|
| arrow.data.SetKOf |
|
| java.util.SortedMap (extensions in package arrow.data) |
|
| arrow.data.SortedMap |
|
| arrow.data.SortedMapK |
|
| arrow.data.SortedMapKKindedJ |
|
| arrow.data.SortedMapKOf |
|
| arrow.data.SortedMapKPartialOf |
|
| arrow.data.State |
State<S, A> is a stateful computation that yields a value of type A . |
| arrow.data.StateApi |
|
| arrow.data.StateFun |
Alias that represents stateful computation of the form (S) -> Tuple2<S, A> . |
| arrow.data.StateFunOf |
Alias that represents wrapped stateful computation in context Id . |
| arrow.data.StateOf |
Alias for StateKind |
| arrow.data.StatePartialOf |
Alias to partially apply type parameters S to State |
| arrow.data.StateT |
StateT<F, S, A> is a stateful computation within a context F yielding a value of type A . i.e. StateT<EitherPartialOf, S, A> = Either<E, State<S, A>> |
| arrow.data.StateTFun |
Alias that represent stateful computation of the form (S) -> Tuple2<S, A> with a result in certain context F . |
| arrow.data.StateTFunOf |
Alias that represents wrapped stateful computation in context F . |
| arrow.data.StateTKindedJ |
|
| arrow.data.StateTOf |
|
| arrow.data.StateTPartialOf |
|
| arrow.data.Store |
|
| arrow.data.StoreKindedJ |
|
| arrow.data.StoreOf |
|
| arrow.data.StorePartialOf |
|
| arrow.data.Sum |
|
| arrow.data.SumKindedJ |
|
| arrow.data.SumOf |
|
| arrow.data.SumPartialOf |
|
| arrow.core.Tuple2 (extensions in package arrow.data) |
|
| arrow.data.Valid |
|
| arrow.data.Validated |
Port of https://github.com/typelevel/cats/blob/master/core/src/main/scala/cats/data/Validated.scala |
| arrow.data.ValidatedNel |
|
| arrow.data.ValidatedOf |
|
| arrow.data.ValidatedPartialOf |
|
| arrow.data.WriterT |
|
| arrow.data.WriterTKindedJ |
|
| arrow.data.WriterTOf |
|
| arrow.data.WriterTPartialOf |
|


WHOOOPS
Somehow you found your way to a page that doesn’t exist yet. Its cool, it happens to all of us. Maybe there should actually be something here. Maybe there is. Maybe there isn’t.
The world is a strange place after all.
Anyways, if you’ve read up to here, don’t worry, you’ll be redirected shortly to the homepage!


Welcome to Dinner & a Show - plan your night out!
Event Description Pulled from API
Address?
Link to event registration/ticket purchasesRestaurant cuisine from API
Address?
Link to reservations or restaurant websiteRestaurant cuisine from API
Address?
Link to reservations or restaurant website


Read the following list and then fill the quizz form. You can hide the vocabulary when passing the test with the "hide" button.
{{this.srsSize}}


Here's Where The Electric Cadillac Escalade Will Be Built
Along with an electric Sierra and Hummer.
by Jared RosenholtzGeneral Motors is slated to be working on a slew of new electric vehicles and there have been separate rumors regarding three in particular. The next-generation Cadillac Escalade is rumored to receive an electric variant and GM is also set to release an electric pickup truck based on either the Chevrolet Silverado or GMC Sierra. The Hummer brand is also slated to make a return as an all-electric truck as part of GM's $3 billion investment towards electric vehicles.
Detroit News reports that all three of these new electric vehicles - the Escalade, Sierra, and Hummer - will all be assembled at the Detroit-Hamtramck Assembly plant according to intelligence collected by industry forecast company LMC Automotive.
Jeff Schuster, an industry analyst with LMC, believes that the Hummer pickup truck will enter production in 2021 with an unnamed electric van and SUV model also beginning production in the same year. The Sierra will enter production by 2023 but the Silverado was not mentioned in the report. GM has not publicly announced its plans for the plant, which was originally scheduled to be left idle until January 2020.
As part of the negotiations with the United Auto Workers union, the plant is set to reopen with GM's $3 billion investment, which will create 2,225 new jobs. "It's certainly good for the city of Detroit and the plant going from being shuttered to the future," Schuster said.
You Might Also Like
The Detroit-Hamtramck Assembly plant currently builds the Chevrolet Impala and Cadillac CT6 but is set to end production of both models starting in February 2020 (six weeks late due to the strike). By 2023, GM will build a total of 23 all-electric models, five of which are now rumored to come from Detroit-Hamtramck.
We are most excited to see the Hummer brand make a return but an electric Escalade should also be a major competitor in the luxury EV space. GM will have its hands full by the time the electric Sierra arrives, as it will have Tesla's pickup truck and Rivian to compete against.


TickyBot is a Slack Bot 🤖 that lets you use support tickets on Slack. This way, you don't need to leave your beloved channel to assist your users, if you don't feel like it.
With TickyBot you can easily check if you've received new tickets, change their status, or write a reply, and the ticket will instantly update itself on our site.
Support requests shouldn't be handled through Slack's direct
messages.
Image about someone asking silly questions and the workplace
admin asking him/her to open a support ticket so other admins
could look into the issue.
You can add TickyBot to your Slack workplace by scrolling down or
clicking here
Your users can open a ticket by typing
/ticket
and their message into the chat field
Once you or another admin solved their problems you can type
/ticket close #id
to close the ticket
TickyBot allows Slack teams to manage their support tickets 100% inside Slack, without having to switch between different apps.
Add to Slack... so you don't need to go back and forth with another app.


--- layout: post title: ! 'IPhone UI study : keyboard text input and gestures mock up - download here' ---
Updated !!!
Somebody in stated in a comment he got an exception. I finally found the cause of it, and updated the application. Download the new version below, and be sure to refresh your browser cache
While looking at a few you tube videos about the iPhone, especially regarding the keyboard/text input, I was thinking : hey, why wouldn't I try to replicate the iPhone UI behavior ? I don't think it should be that hard ...
Being able to use your fingers on a PDA instead of a stylus would improve the usability of handhelds a lot.
So yesterday I started developing, and after a few hours I had basic gesture recognition, and I got a few ideas on how to do the keyboard mapping.
Finally this is the result :
The demo mainly consists of two parts :
The gestures :
The text input :
You can download the demo here :
IphoneMockup1.zip (399,67 KB)
New version on 2007/7/5 !!
- fixed the Unhandled exception when a gesture exists of a single point click.
This demo runs on windows/.NET 2.0, and the supported language is English only atm.
If I manage to find a pocketpc I will try to port it to the compact framework.
Please let me know what you think of this application by posting a comment.


These functions provide standard algorithms for determining the similarity of two strings. They each accept two
strings as parameters and return a numeric score where a lower score indicates more similar strings. The specific
meaning of the numeric score depends on the algorithm. These functions support ASCII strings only; they will throw an
error if a string containing non-ASCII characters is provided. These functions are provided by the
sqlean "fuzzy" extension which is built into
SQL Notebook.
DLEVENSHTEIN(
x, y
) --
Damerau-Levenshtein distance
EDIT_DISTANCE(
x, y
) -- Spellcheck edit distance
HAMMING(
x, y
) --
Hamming distance
JARO_WINKLER(
x, y
) -- Jaro-Winkler distance
LEVENSHTEIN(
x, y
) -- Levenshtein distance
OSA_DISTANCE(x, y) -- Optimal string
alignment distance
PRINT LEVENSHTEIN('pickle', 'pickle'); -- 0
PRINT LEVENSHTEIN('pickle', 'tickle'); -- 1
PRINT LEVENSHTEIN('pickle', 'stick'); -- 4
PRINT LEVENSHTEIN('pickle', '🙂stick'); -- error: non-ASCII string


home Page
sales Page
Add new Branch
Branch name
min Customers
max. Customer
Average cookeis per Customer
Modify Data
Branch
Hour
Data


Id: 382
Name: Worldender
Status: Dead
Species: Alien
Type:
Gender: Male
OriginName: unknown
OriginUrl:
LocationName: Worldender's lair
LocationUrl: https://rickandmortyapi.com/api/location/4
Image: https://rickandmortyapi.com/api/character/avatar/382.jpeg
Episode: ['https://rickandmortyapi.com/api/episode/25']
Url: https://rickandmortyapi.com/api/character/382
Created: 2018-01-10T19:47:55.859Z


A different kind of developer portifolio (Still a work in progress)
Type a command and press enter or type
help
to know more
Github API remaining requests:
60
, Resets at


Pagination
class Pagination implements IteratorAggregate, Jsonable
Class Pagination is used so we can paginate search results from many different searched models
Methods
$this
make($collection, $page, $perPage)
Makes a new paginated result from a collection
mixed
links()
Lets us do links on this paginated object
array
toArray()
Turns this paginated object into an array
$this
appends($data)
Append input queries
getIterator()
Iterator lets us traverse this paginated object
string
toJson(int $options)
Turns this object into a json serialized object
Details
at line 37
$this
make($collection, $page, $perPage)
Makes a new paginated result from a collection
at line 65
mixed
links()
Lets us do links on this paginated object
at line 75
array
toArray()
Turns this paginated object into an array
at line 93
$this
appends($data)
Append input queries
at line 107
Traversable
getIterator()
Iterator lets us traverse this paginated object
at line 118
string
toJson(int $options)
Turns this object into a json serialized object


{% extends "admin/layout.html" %} {% block title %}{{ _("Import from Feed") }}{% endblock %} {% block contents %}
{% trans %} This importer can be used to import standard compliant feeds with optional proprietary extensions. Because of different incompatible RSS standards this importer can currently only handle Atom feeds. {% endtrans %}
{% call form(enctype='multipart/form-data') %}


|
RTM for Unity3D
Agora Realtime Messaging for Unity3d
|
Classes | |
| struct | SendMessageOptions |
Public Member Functions | |
| delegate void | LoginSuccess () |
| Occurs when a user logs in the Agora RTM system. More... | |
| void | OnLoginSuccessCallback () |
| delegate void | JoinSuccess () |
| Occurs when a user joins a channel. More... | |
| delegate void | MessageReceived (string userName, string msg) |
| This callback is triggered when the user has received a DTMF message from the other user. More... | |
| void | OnMessageReceivedCallback (string userName, string msg) |
| delegate void | MemberChanged (string userName, string channelId, bool joined) |
| void | OnMemberChangedCallback (string userName, string channelId, bool joined) |
| delegate void | QueryStatusReceived (long requestId, PeerOnlineStatus peersStatus, int peerCount, int errorCode) |
| void | OnQueryStatusReceivedCallback (long requestId, PeerOnlineStatus peersStatus, int peerCount, int errorCode) |
| delegate void | ChannelMemberCountReceived (long requestId, List< ChannelMemberCount > members) |
| void | OnChannelMemberCountReceivedCallback (long requestId, List< ChannelMemberCount > members) |
| abstract void | Initialize () |
| Initializes an IRtmService instance. More... | |
| abstract void | Release () |
| Releases all resources used by the IRtmService instance. More... | |
| void | Login (string appId, string token, string username) |
| Creates the RTM service and logs in to the RTM system. More... | |
| virtual void | Logout () |
| Logs out of the RTM releases the service. More... | |
| abstract IRtmChannel | JoinChannel (string channel) |
| Allows user to join a channel. More... | |
| abstract void | LeaveChannel (IRtmChannel channel) |
| Allows a user to leave a channel. More... | |
| abstract void | SendChannelMessage (IRtmChannel channel, string channeNamel, string msg) |
| Sends a channel message. More... | |
| abstract void | SendChannelMessageWithOptions (IRtmChannel channel, string channelName, string msg, SendMessageOptions smo) |
| Allows a channel member to send a message to all members in the channel. More... | |
| abstract void | SendPeerMessage (string peerId, string msg, bool enableOffline) |
| Sends a one to one peer message. More... | |
| abstract void | QueryPeersOnlineStatus (string peerIdsUnformatted, ref long requestId) |
| Queries the online status of the specified user(s). More... | |
| abstract void | GetChannelMemberCount (string[] channelIds, int channelCount, ref long reqId) |
| Gets the member count of specified channel(s). More... | |
Protected Member Functions | |
| void | OnJoinSuccessCallback () |
| abstract void | CreateRtmServiceAndLogin (string appId, string token, string username) |
| abstract void | LogoutAndReleaseRtmService () |
Protected Attributes | |
| List< string > | channels = new List<string>() |
Properties | |
| bool | LoggedIn [get, set] |
| delegate void io.agora.rtm.IRtmWrapper.ChannelMemberCountReceived | ( | long | requestId, |
| List< ChannelMemberCount > | members | ||
| ) |
|
protectedpure virtual |
|
pure virtual |
Gets the member count of specified channel(s).
|
pure virtual |
Initializes an IRtmService instance.
|
pure virtual |
Allows user to join a channel.
| delegate void io.agora.rtm.IRtmWrapper.JoinSuccess | ( | ) |
Occurs when a user joins a channel.
|
pure virtual |
Allows a user to leave a channel.
| void io.agora.rtm.IRtmWrapper.Login | ( | string | appId, |
| string | token, | ||
| string | username | ||
| ) |
Creates the RTM service and logs in to the RTM system.
| delegate void io.agora.rtm.IRtmWrapper.LoginSuccess | ( | ) |
Occurs when a user logs in the Agora RTM system.
|
virtual |
Logs out of the RTM releases the service.
|
protectedpure virtual |
| delegate void io.agora.rtm.IRtmWrapper.MemberChanged | ( | string | userName, |
| string | channelId, | ||
| bool | joined | ||
| ) |
| delegate void io.agora.rtm.IRtmWrapper.MessageReceived | ( | string | userName, |
| string | msg | ||
| ) |
This callback is triggered when the user has received a DTMF message from the other user.
| void io.agora.rtm.IRtmWrapper.OnChannelMemberCountReceivedCallback | ( | long | requestId, |
| List< ChannelMemberCount > | members | ||
| ) |
|
protected |
| void io.agora.rtm.IRtmWrapper.OnLoginSuccessCallback | ( | ) |
| void io.agora.rtm.IRtmWrapper.OnMemberChangedCallback | ( | string | userName, |
| string | channelId, | ||
| bool | joined | ||
| ) |
| void io.agora.rtm.IRtmWrapper.OnMessageReceivedCallback | ( | string | userName, |
| string | msg | ||
| ) |
| void io.agora.rtm.IRtmWrapper.OnQueryStatusReceivedCallback | ( | long | requestId, |
| PeerOnlineStatus | peersStatus, | ||
| int | peerCount, | ||
| int | errorCode | ||
| ) |
|
pure virtual |
Queries the online status of the specified user(s).
| delegate void io.agora.rtm.IRtmWrapper.QueryStatusReceived | ( | long | requestId, |
| PeerOnlineStatus | peersStatus, | ||
| int | peerCount, | ||
| int | errorCode | ||
| ) |
|
pure virtual |
Releases all resources used by the IRtmService instance.
|
pure virtual |
Sends a channel message.
Note
|
pure virtual |
Allows a channel member to send a message to all members in the channel.
Note *You can send messages, including peer-to-peer and channel messages, at a maximum speed of 60 queries per second.
|
pure virtual |
Sends a one to one peer message.
Note
|
protected |
|
getset |
| ChannelMemberCountReceived io.agora.rtm.IRtmWrapper.OnChannelMemberCountReceived |
| JoinSuccess io.agora.rtm.IRtmWrapper.OnJoinSuccess |
| LoginSuccess io.agora.rtm.IRtmWrapper.OnLoginSuccess |
| MemberChanged io.agora.rtm.IRtmWrapper.OnMemberChanged |
| MessageReceived io.agora.rtm.IRtmWrapper.OnMessageReceived |
| QueryStatusReceived io.agora.rtm.IRtmWrapper.OnQueryStatusReceived |


## Istanbul - a JS code coverage tool written in JS
[![Build Status](https://secure.travis-ci.org/gotwarlost/istanbul.png)](http://travis-ci.org/gotwarlost/istanbul) [![Dependency Status](https://gemnasium.com/gotwarlost/istanbul.png)](https://gemnasium.com/gotwarlost/istanbul) [![Coverage Status](https://img.shields.io/coveralls/gotwarlost/istanbul.svg)](https://coveralls.io/r/gotwarlost/istanbul?branch=master)
[![NPM](https://nodei.co/npm/istanbul.png?downloads=true)](https://nodei.co/npm/istanbul/)
- [Features and use cases](#features)
- [Getting started and configuration](#getting-started)
- [The command line](#the-command-line)
- [Ignoring code for coverage](#ignoring-code-for-coverage)
- [API](#api)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/gotwarlost/istanbul/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md)
- [License and credits](#license)
### Features
- All-javascript instrumentation library that tracks **statement, branch,
and function coverage**. * Module loader hooks to instrument code on the fly * Command line tools to run node unit tests “with coverage turned on” and no cooperation whatsoever from the test runner * Multiple report formats: HTML, LCOV, Cobertura and more. * Ability to use as [middleware](https://github.com/gotwarlost/istanbul-middleware) when serving JS files that need to be tested on the browser. * Can be used on the command line as well as a library * Based on the awesome esprima parser and the equally awesome escodegen code generator * Well-tested on node (prev, current and next versions) and the browser (instrumentation library only)
### Use cases
Supports the following use cases and more
- transparent coverage of nodejs unit tests
- instrumentation/ reporting of files in batch mode for browser tests
- Server side code coverage for nodejs by embedding it as [custom middleware](https://github.com/gotwarlost/istanbul-middleware)
### Getting started
$ npm install -g istanbul
The best way to see it in action is to run node unit tests. Say you have a test script test.js that runs all tests for your node project without coverage.
Simply:
$ cd /path/to/your/source/root $ istanbul cover test.js
and this should produce a coverage.json, lcov.info and lcov-report/*html under ./coverage
Sample of code coverage reports produced by this tool (for this tool!):
[HTML reports](http://gotwarlost.github.com/istanbul/public/coverage/lcov-report/index.html)
### Configuring
Drop a .istanbul.yml file at the top of the source tree to configure istanbul. istanbul help config tells you more about the config file format.
### The command line
$ istanbul help
gives you detailed help on all commands.
``` Usage: istanbul help config | <command>
config provides help with istanbul configuration
Available commands are:
- check-coverage
- checks overall/per-file coverage against thresholds from coverage JSON files. Exits 1 if thresholds are not met, 0 otherwise
- cover transparently adds coverage information to a node command. Saves
- coverage.json and reports at the end of execution
help shows help
- instrument
- instruments a file or a directory tree and writes the instrumented code to the desired output location
- report writes reports for coverage JSON objects produced in a previous
- run
- test cover a node command only when npm_config_coverage is set. Use in
- an npm test script for conditional coverage
Command names can be abbreviated as long as the abbreviation is unambiguous ```
To get detailed help for a command and what command-line options it supports, run:
istanbul help <command>
(Most of the command line options are not covered in this document.)
#### The cover command
$ istanbul cover my-test-script.js – my test args # note the – between the command name and the arguments to be passed
The cover command can be used to get a coverage object and reports for any arbitrary node script. By default, coverage information is written under ./coverage - this can be changed using command-line options.
The cover command can also be passed an optional –handle-sigint flag to enable writing reports when a user triggers a manual SIGINT of the process that is being covered. This can be useful when you are generating coverage for a long lived process.
#### The test command
The test command has almost the same behavior as the cover command, except that it skips coverage unless the npm_config_coverage environment variable is set.
This command is deprecated since the latest versions of npm do not seem to set the npm_config_coverage variable.
#### The instrument command
Instruments a single JS file or an entire directory tree and produces an output directory tree with instrumented code. This should not be required for running node unit tests but is useful for tests to be run on the browser.
#### The report command
Writes reports using coverage*.json files as the source of coverage information. Reports are available in multiple formats and can be individually configured using the istanbul config file. See istanbul help report for more details.
#### The check-coverage command
Checks the coverage of statements, functions, branches, and lines against the provided thresholds. Positive thresholds are taken to be the minimum percentage required and negative numbers are taken to be the number of uncovered entities allowed.
### Ignoring code for coverage
- Skip an if or else path with /* istanbul ignore if */ or /* istanbul ignore else */ respectively.
- For all other cases, skip the next ‘thing’ in the source with: /* istanbul ignore next */
See [ignoring-code-for-coverage.md](ignoring-code-for-coverage.md) for the spec.
### API
All the features of istanbul can be accessed as a library.
#### Instrument code
- ```javascript
var istanbul = require(‘istanbul’); var instrumenter = new istanbul.Instrumenter();
- var generatedCode = instrumenter.instrumentSync(‘function meaningOfLife() { return 42; }’,
- ‘filename.js’);
#### Generate reports given a bunch of coverage JSON objects
- ```javascript
- var istanbul = require(‘istanbul’),
- collector = new istanbul.Collector(), reporter = new istanbul.Reporter(), sync = false;
collector.add(obj1); collector.add(obj2); //etc.
reporter.add(‘text’); reporter.addAll([ ‘lcov’, ‘clover’ ]); reporter.write(collector, sync, function () {
console.log(‘All reports generated’);});
For the gory details consult the [public API](http://gotwarlost.github.com/istanbul/public/apidocs/index.html)
### Multiple Process Usage
Istanbul can be used in a multiple process environment by running each process with Istanbul, writing a unique coverage file for each process, and combining the results when generating reports. The method used to perform this will depend on the process forking API used. For example when using the [cluster module](http://nodejs.org/api/cluster.html) you must setup the master to start child processes with Istanbul coverage, disable reporting, and output coverage files that include the PID in the filename. Before each run you may need to clear out the coverage data directory.
- ```javascript
- if(cluster.isMaster) {
// setup cluster if running with istanbul coverage if(process.env.running_under_istanbul) {
// use coverage for forked process // disabled reporting and output for child process // enable pid in child process coverage filename cluster.setupMaster({
exec: ‘./node_modules/.bin/istanbul’, args: [
‘cover’, ‘–report’, ‘none’, ‘–print’, ‘none’, ‘–include-pid’, process.argv[1], ‘–’].concat(process.argv.slice(2))});
} // ... // ... cluster.fork(); // ...
- } else {
- // ... worker code
}
### Coverage.json
For details on the format of the coverage.json object, [see here](./coverage.json.md).
### License
istanbul is licensed under the [BSD License](http://github.com/gotwarlost/istanbul/raw/master/LICENSE).
### Third-party libraries
The following third-party libraries are used by this module:
- abbrev: https://github.com/isaacs/abbrev-js - to handle command abbreviations
- async: https://github.com/caolan/async - for parallel instrumentation of files
- escodegen: https://github.com/Constellation/escodegen - for JS code generation
- esprima: https://github.com/ariya/esprima - for JS parsing
- fileset: https://github.com/mklabs/node-fileset - for loading and matching path expressions
- handlebars: https://github.com/wycats/handlebars.js/ - for report template expansion
- js-yaml: https://github.com/nodeca/js-yaml - for YAML config file load
- mkdirp: https://github.com/substack/node-mkdirp - to create output directories
- nodeunit: https://github.com/caolan/nodeunit - dev dependency for unit tests
- nopt: https://github.com/isaacs/nopt - for option parsing
- once: https://github.com/isaacs/once - to ensure callbacks are called once
- resolve: https://github.com/substack/node-resolve - for resolving a post-require hook module name into its main file.
- rimraf - https://github.com/isaacs/rimraf - dev dependency for unit tests
- which: https://github.com/isaacs/node-which - to resolve a node command to a file for the cover command
- wordwrap: https://github.com/substack/node-wordwrap - for prettier help
- prettify: http://code.google.com/p/google-code-prettify/ - for syntax colored HTML reports. Files checked in under lib/vendor/
### Inspired by
- YUI test coverage - https://github.com/yui/yuitest - the grand-daddy of JS coverage tools. Istanbul has been specifically designed to offer an alternative to this library with an easy migration path.
- cover: https://github.com/itay/node-cover - the inspiration for the cover command, modeled after the run command in that tool. The coverage methodology used by istanbul is quite different, however
### Shout out to
- [mfncooper](https://github.com/mfncooper) - for great brainstorming discussions
- [reid](https://github.com/reid), [davglass](https://github.com/davglass), the YUI dudes, for interesting conversations, encouragement, support and gentle pressure to get it done :)
### Why the funky name?
Since all the good ones are taken. Comes from the loose association of ideas across coverage, carpet-area coverage, the country that makes good carpets and so on...


Diceware Passphrase Generator
Create a word passphrase separated by
Use the wordlist and capitalize words
* To use: Grab one or more dice. Tune the parameters of your passphrase with the select boxes above. Roll the dice, filling in the blanks on the left from left to right, top to bottom. Your passphrase shall appear in the box above. The 'auto-generate' button will 'roll' dice for you to make a passphrase.
* All Diceware wordlists contain a mixture of words and abbreviations that contain two or more characters, words that contain numbers (7, 5th, 1999), and sequences of special characters (m&m, @, ??). The EFF wordlist differs from the Diceware wordlists in that it 1) has no words with fewer than three letters, and 2) does not contain numbers or special characters. For those looking for XKCD-style passphrases, use the EFF wordlist.
* Regardless of which list you choose to use, Diceware recommends six words as the minimum length for passphrases that handle sensitive information, such as encrypting files/emails. Five words is enough for passphrases that protect non-sensitive information.
* The auto-generator uses the Web Cryptography API as a cryptographically secure pseudo-random number generator. While this type of PRNG is better than most, it is not ideal. I strongly recommend the usage of dice when making your passwords.
* All Diceware wordlists contain a mixture of words and abbreviations that contain two or more characters, words that contain numbers (7, 5th, 1999), and sequences of special characters (m&m, @, ??). The EFF wordlist differs from the Diceware wordlists in that it 1) has no words with fewer than three letters, and 2) does not contain numbers or special characters. For those looking for XKCD-style passphrases, use the EFF wordlist.
* Regardless of which list you choose to use, Diceware recommends six words as the minimum length for passphrases that handle sensitive information, such as encrypting files/emails. Five words is enough for passphrases that protect non-sensitive information.
* The auto-generator uses the Web Cryptography API as a cryptographically secure pseudo-random number generator. While this type of PRNG is better than most, it is not ideal. I strongly recommend the usage of dice when making your passwords.


Mastered by desire impulsive,
Kalevala
By a mighty inward urging,
I am ready now for singing,
Ready to begin the chanting
Of our nation's ancient folk-song
Handed down from by-gone ages.
Elias Lönnrot was born in Sammatti, in the province of Uusimaa, Finland, which was then part of Sweden. He studied medicine at the Academy of Turku.
Lönnrot was a Finnish physician, philologist and collector of traditional Finnish oral poetry. He is best known for compiling Kalevala, the national epic of Finland, from national folk tales that he gathered during several expeditions in Finland, Russian Karelia, the Kola Peninsula and Baltic countries.
Lönnrot got a job as district doctor of Kajaani in Eastern Finland during a time of famine and pestilence in the district. The famine had prompted the previous doctor to resign, making it possible for a very young doctor to get such a position. Several consecutive years of crop failure resulted in losses of population and livestock. In addition, lack of a hospital further complicated Lönnrot's work. He was the sole doctor for 4,000 or so people, most of whom lived in small rural communities scattered across the district.
As physicians and novel drugs were expensive at the time, most people relied on their village healers and locally available remedies. Lönnrot himself was keen on traditional remedies and also administered them. However, he believed strongly that preventive measures such as good hygiene, breastfeeding babies and vaccines were the most effective cures for most of his patients.
His true passion lay in his native Finnish language. He began writing about the early Finnish language in 1827 and began collecting folk tales from rural people about that time. In 1831, the Finnish Literature Society was founded, and Lönnrot, being one of the founder members, received financial support from the society for his collecting efforts.
Lönnrot went on extended leaves of absence from his doctor's office; he toured the countryside of Finland, Sapmi (Lapland), and nearby portions of Russian Karelia. This led to a series of books:
Lönnrot was recognised for his part in preserving Finland's oral traditions by appointment to the Chair of Finnish Literature at the University of Helsinki in 1853.
He also undertook the task of compiling the first Finnish-Swedish dictionary (Finsk-Svenskt lexikon, 1866–1880).
Botanists remember him for writing the first Finnish-language Flora Fennica – Suomen Kasvisto in 1860; in its day it was famed throughout Scandinavia, as it was among the very first common-language scientific texts. The second, expanded version was co-authored by Th. Saelan and published in 1866. The Flora Fennica was the first scientific work published in Finnish (instead of Latin). In addition, Lönnrot's Flora Fennica includes many notes on plant uses in between descriptions of flower and leaf.
The standard author abbreviation Lönnrot is used to indicate this individual as the author when citing a botanical name.


A sunburst plot visualization of the clonality of sample.
Inner level corresponds to basic size scales: singletons (clonotypes met once), doubletons (clonotypes met twice) and high-order (met three or more times) clonotypes. Note that the number of singletons and doubletons are the basis for estimating the number of unseen species (clonotypes) for the sample.
The second level shows 5 quantiles for high order: top 20% by rank, ...
Top 10 clonotypes are shown explicitly in the last level.
Click on the sector will expand it and show. Click on the center of plot will collapse it to initial layout.


Correlation of F max (left panel) and nonequilibrium work (right panel), W neq, with logBB, TPSA, and logPS for compounds considered in this study ( Table S1) in the case of the CHARMM36 force-field for the DOPC/cholesterol (2:1) membrane model and pulling velocity v = 5 nm/ns ( Table S4). The correlation coefficient R 2 is indicated at the top right corner of each graph.


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