Travel is the movement of people between relatively distant geographical locations, and can involve travel by foot, bicycle, automobile, train, boat, airplane, or other means, with or without luggage, and can be one way or round trip.
Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. It has survived not only five centuries, but also the leap into electronic typesetting.
Contrary to popular belief, Lorem Ipsum is not simply random text.  Richard McClintock, a Latin professor at Hampden-Sydney College in Virginia, looked up one of the more obscure Latin words, consectetur, from a Lorem Ipsum passage.
There are many variations of passages of Lorem Ipsum available, but the majority have suffered alteration in some form, by injected humour, or randomised words which don't look even slightly believable.
Travel is fatal to prejudice, bigotry, and narrow-mindedness, and many of our people need it sorely on these accounts. Broad, wholesome, charitable views of men and things cannot be acquired by vegetating in one little corner of the earth all one's lifetime
What is that feeling when you're driving away from people and they recede on the plain till you see their specks dispersing? - it's the too-huge world vaulting us, and it's good-bye. But we lean forward to the next crazy venture beneath the skies.
I am awfully greedy; I want everything from life.  You see, it is difficult to get all which I want. And then when I do not succeed I get mad with anger.
Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book.
Read moreLorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book.
Read moreLorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book.
Read moreRoad Trip Company
1st cross Road. Ave., R10/R18
New York, MA 01234-4321 USA
Phone :040 561234999


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MySQL
MySQL is a popular open source database, and MySQL ventures where no other databases have yet to venture by providing regular expression support as a way to perform database searches.
Regular expression support in MySQL is accessed in WHERE clauses in the following format:
REGEXP "expression"
Note | A complete MySQL statement using a regular expression would use syntax like this: SELECT * FROM table WHERE REGEXP "pattern". |
MySQL regular expression support is useful and powerful, but it is not a full regular expression implementation:
Only search support is provided; there is no support for replace operations. Searches are not case sensitive. To perform case-sensitive searches, use the BINARY keyword (between REGEXP and the expression itself). Use [[:<:]] to match the start of a word and [[:>:]] to match the end of a word. Lookaround is not supported. Embedded conditions are not supported. Octal character searching is not supported. \a, \b, \e, \f, and \v are not supported. Backreferences are not supported.
|


13 August 1998
Disease Outbreak Reported
Since early June 1998, 19 cases of legionellosis have been identified among visitors to Paris. Ten of the cases were French nationals and 9 were tourists from other European countries. All cases occurred between 6 June and 3 July. Three patients died.
Ten of the cases had visited the 9th arrondissememt (administrative area of Paris) while 7 had visited the adjacent 2nd arrondissment. Specimens from 4 patients were sent to the National Reference Centre for Legionellosis and found to be of identical type.
Investigations to identify the source of the outbreak are being carried out but no results have been obtained to date. As a precautionary measure, owners of cooling towers in the 2nd and 9th arrondissements have been ordered to clean and disinfect their installations.
No new cases have been detected since 3 July 1998. Heightened surveillance and investigations to identify the source continue.


slycat.darray¶
Slycat makes extensive use of darray objects - dense, multi-dimension, multi-attribute arrays - as its fundamental unit of storage and organization. In the abstract, a darray can be modeled as follows:
A set of dimensions. Each dimension has a name, index type, and a half-open range of valid index values. Currently, the only supported index type is “int64”, and indices are all zero-based (i.e. the range always begins at zero), but these may change in the future. Collectively, the dimensions define the size and shape of the array.
A set of attributes, each with a name and type. Allowed attribute types include a full complement of signed and unsigned fixed-width integer types, plus floating-point and string types. Collectively, attributes define what will be stored in the array.
The array data. Because darrays are dense, the data will include one value per attribute, for every location in the array.
This definition allows darrays to be flexible and efficient - for example, a “table” data structure with heterogenous column types can be stored as a 1D darray with multiple attributes, while a “matrix” would be stored as a 2D darray with a single floating-point attribute.
Note that darrays are an abstract concept with multiple concrete
representations. This module defines an abstract interface for manipulating
Python darrays, and a concrete implementation with in-memory storage. The
slycat.hdf5
module defines functionality for manipulating darrays
stored in HDF5 files on disk, and the REST API defines functionality
for working with darrays using HTTP.
Note that it is rare to manipulate entire darrays in memory at once, due to their size - most applications will work with slices of a darray to keep memory use manageable.
-
class
slycat.darray.
MemArray
(dimensions, attributes, data)[source]¶ Bases:
slycat.darray.Stub
darray implementation that holds the full array contents in memory.
-
class
slycat.darray.
Prototype
[source]¶ Bases:
object
Abstract interface for all darray implementations.
-
property
attributes
¶ Return a description of the array attributes.
-
property
dimensions
¶ Return a description of the array dimensions.
-
property
ndim
¶ Return the number of dimensions in the array.
-
property
shape
¶ Return the shape (size along each dimension) of the array.
-
property
size
¶ Return the size (total number of elements) of the array.
-
property
-
class
slycat.darray.
Stub
(dimensions, attributes)[source]¶ Bases:
slycat.darray.Prototype
darray implementation that only stores array metadata (dimensions and attributes).
-
property
attributes
¶ Return a description of the array attributes.
-
property
dimensions
¶ Return a description of the array dimensions.
-
property
ndim
¶ Return the number of dimensions in the array.
-
property
shape
¶ Return the shape (size along each dimension) of the array.
-
property
size
¶ Return the size (total number of elements) of the array.
-
property


"Holy cow! Oppa, those reporters are still outside the building!".
Jin-Ah spoke while looking out of the window
It was already late in the evening .  Up there!".
After discovering the silhouette of a person by the window, they hurriedly operated their cameras, thinking that it was Jin-Woo
Click, click, click!!.
Seeing all those camera flashes suddenly exploding from here and there, Jin-Ah jumped up in fright and quickly shuttered the curtains .
Having returned from the Hunter Auction, Jin-Woo was thinking of taking a bit of a well-deserved rest, but he was carrying a rather stiff expression at the moment
"Should I go downstairs and say something?".
It was fine for those folks to disrupt his rest . However, he was more worried about them disrupting his sister's studies . Jin-Ah was a high school senior, about to take the most important test of her life
Wasn't this the time when some overly-sensitive kids would throw a tantrum just because of the faint footsteps outside their doors disrupting their studies?.
'Well, Jin-Ah isn't the type to raise a fuss over stuff like this, but '.
But, still – could she even be able to concentrate with all these distracting noises coming from the outside?.
Just as Jin-Woo was getting prepared to step forward .
"Nonono, don't do it . ".
Jin-Ah quickly waved her hands about
"Oppa, you're already being slagged off in the internet, you know? So, can you imagine what they'll say if you chase away the reporters?".
"Slagged off?".
'Since when did I do something worthy of that treatment??'.
As Jin-Woo tilted his head this way and that, Jin-Ah accessed one of the news articles online with her phone and pushed it forward . So, he took it from her
'… . '.
On the screen, he could see the photo of him standing in front of the Association's entrance, relaxedly answering his phone while being surrounded by a sea of reporters
Maybe because a professional snapped that shot, even a plain guy like him came out looking pretty good, so he was happy about that . However, when he took a look a bit lower down .
 '.
'He already doesn't care about the reporters . '.
'He's way too cool for himself . '.
Countless comments with similar nature were posted below the article, and the highest upvoted comment was 'Mom, I've become a rank S!!'.
Because the photo and the comment went so well along with each other, Jin-Woo ended up breaking out in a grin
Jin-Ah in turn became flabbergasted from his reaction
"How can you smile from that?!".
"But, it is funny . ".
" ".
When Jin-Woo showed her the top upvoted comment, Jin-Ah too nearly broke out in laughter, but somehow managed to suppress it . And, perhaps as a rebound .
"No, wait a minute! That's not important, is it?!".
With a slightly flushed face, Jin-Ah raised her voice
"Why did you have to answer your phone there?? I mean, there were so many reporters present, you know! Thanks to you, everyone now knows my name!".
Jin-Woo replied confidently as if he couldn't be fazed by anything
"Do I really need to observe reporters and their moods when answering my little sister's call?".
"Euk!!".
Jin-Ah became speechless . No matter how hard she thought about it, he wasn't wrong, so she couldn't readily come up with a suitable rebuttal
'… . I simply can't win against him in an argument . '.
Jin-Woo handed the phone back to her
"Here . ".
Jin-Ah took the phone back with a slightly testy face, and opened her mouth
"In any case, I'll be fine, so oppa, don't mind the reporters, okay?".
"Okay . Got it . ".
Jin-Woo nodded his head
If the current situation persisted, then he might have done something, but then again, the Association did call him earlier to say that these reporters should all receive orders to stay far away from him in a day or two
'Well, I can endure that . '.
And there was also Jin-Ah not wanting to inflate the situation any further, too
"By the way, just what on earth happened here?".
Jin-Ah looked at her brother with a pair of mystified eyes
"My own oppa became a rank S Hunter, and reporters are camping outside our house, too ".
 Not only that, he was her older brother, no less
Pretty much anyone would react the same way if they were in her shoes . Jin-Ah sounded as if she couldn't quite believe it
Too bad, she had no choice but to adjust to the new reality sooner rather than later
'Just like how I had to . '.
Jin-Woo smirked softly
And, in order to soothe his sister and her still-stunned heart, he lightly pinched Jin-Ah's cheeks . Of course, she reacted in the same manner as in the past by kicking him, but .
"Ouch!!".
She instead grabbed her foot and jumped up and down in pain
"Heeiing~ . ".
Jin-Ah glared at him from the corners of her eyes as if this was just too much, while Jin-Woo could only shrug his shoulders . It seemed that she'd need quite a lot of time to get used to the fact that her oppa was now a rank S Awakened
"Oppa, I guess you'll become a lot busier now, right?".
Jin-Ah cautiously asked him
"Mm . ".
Jin-Woo nodded his head
There were lots of things he wanted to do, and plenty of work to get through, too – but for now, clearing the Demon's Castle took priority . He even resorted to buying a flame-resistance defensive artefact for the sole purpose of conquering the upper floors, after all
His own funds came up ridiculously short so his heart nearly fell to the pit of his stomach, but thankfully, he was able to use one of the Store's rarity 'A' items as collateral and got a loan from the Hunter Auction
'I'm in debt as soon as becoming a rank S '.
For some reason, a wry chuckle escaped from his lips
Well, as long as the items from the Store could be sold off at high prices in auctions, that debt would be wiped clean in an instant, though
"In that case, it'd get harder to see you, right?".
Hearing that he might get a lot busier in the future, Jin-Ah formed a slightly rueful expression . Indeed, being alone would be a lonesome task
Without saying anything, Jin-Woo placed his hand on Jin-Ah's head
A few days from now .
Once he cleared the Demon's Castle dungeon, there would never be another day when his sister would have to house-sit all alone
'I'll make sure that happens for real . '.
It was then
Jin-Woo's eyes narrowed to a slit . His gaze shifted toward the front door
'Someone's coming this way . '.
Jin-Ah also noticed her brother's tense aura .
"Stay in your room for a bit, okay?".
"What's the matter?".
A presence climbing out of the elevator was walking straight to here now
'It's a Hunter ?'.
The suspicious presence emitted a thin and weak magic energy . Jin-Woo couldn't sense any hostile intentions from this presence, but still, he didn't feel like humouring an uninvited guest
Did a Guild send someone over? Or, was it a foolhardy reporter placing too much faith in his own Awakened powers?.
Didn't matter which was which – Jin-Woo wasn't a gracious enough person to accept with a smile an uninvited guest trying to invade the privacy of his home, when the hour was already well past ten in the evening
Jin-Woo stood before the door
'With that kind of power . '.
He didn't need to summon his weapons . Jin-Woo lightly loosened his muscles . He tilted his head left and right, and his neck issued cracking noise
And, as he expected .
Thud, thud
Someone 'knocked' on the door, causing Jin-Ah to run into her room in a bit of surprise . Jin-Woo quietly opened the door
Clang
And from the slowly-widening gap of the door, a familiar face of a man could be seen . The man spoke
"Hyunnng-nim ".
 ".
Jin-Woo was so dumbstruck that he stood there in a total daze, prompting Yu Jin-Ho to tearfully speak up
"Hyung-nim . I got kicked out of the house . Dad kicked me out . ".
" . ".
Now that Jin-Woo took another look, there was a backpack as big as Yu Jin-Ho slung on his back . He was even carrying quite a lot of luggage in both of his hands, too
" . Wait, didn't you live alone already?".
"Well, that ".
Sniff
"The villa I was living in was under father's name, and he took it away . He even blocked all my bank accounts . ".
A father blocking his son's bank accounts . All of them . What a movie-like situation that was, but well, this being the top businessman in South Korea, Chairman Yu Myung-Hwan, it sounded rather plausible
Besides all that, though – what did this kid do to get on his father's bad side like this?.
When Jin-Woo stared with a pair of questioning gaze, Yu Jin-Ho spoke up, his voice trembling
"So, like, I was wondering, hyung-nim . Can I impose on you for the time being?".
Creaaak .
Clank
Jin-Woo quietly closed the door, and even proceeded to lock it
Click
Worried Jin-Ah had been observing the situation from her room, and once Jin-Woo turned away from the door, she quickly jogged next to him and asked
"Oppa, who was that? Do you know him?".
Jin-Woo shook his head
"Nope . Never met him before . ".
"You really don't know him? But, why did he come to our place, then?".
"Don't worry about it . I'm sure he got the wrong address . ".
" . Really?".
But, it sure didn't look like that, though
As Jin-Woo gently but firmly pushed his still-suspicious little sister back into her room, Yu Jin-Ho's sorrowful voice continued to ring out behind him
Thud, thud!!.
"Hyuuung-niiim!! Hyung-niiiiim!!".
***.
"Dear, don't you think you were being too harsh on Jin-Ho earlier today?".
"Hmph . ".

["I've decided to work for hyung-nim's Guild . "].
What?.
Follow 'hyung-nim', was it?.
"That fool deserved it . ".
Yu Myung-Han snorted derisively
If the boy wished to stand on his two feet, then he should do so on his own power, too
The father thought that he'd teach his son about every choice being accompanied by responsibilities and consequences
Was it because he was far too agitated? For some reason, it felt like his d*mn tie just didn't want to come undone . His clumsy and hasty hands caused the tie to be tangled up even more instead, prompting the lady of the Yu family to reach out with her hands
"Let me do it for you . ".
Soon enough, the tie was easily loosened . Yu Myung-Han entrusted himself to his wife's skilful hands
However .
The wife began giggling while holding his tie
"What's the matter, dear?".
Yu Myung-Han was confused . She had been doing his ties for as long as they were together . So, she shouldn't have found his tangled up tie all that funny by now
"My dear . Are you sure you're really angry?".
"Mm ??".
Did she eat something wrong? Why was she saying something so nonsensical?.
Yu Myung-Han tilted his head slightly and took a look at his own reflection in the mirror
'What the '.
He was surprised by what he saw
Why did he look so pleased in the reflection, even though his mouth was busy spewing out complaints only until a second ago?.
Feeling embarrassed now, Yu Myung-Han began rubbing his cheeks and chin
"Today was the first time, wasn't it, dear?".
"What do you mean?".
"Jin-Ho rebelling against you . ".
" ".
That was why he was angry
Just like how water flowed from the top to bottom, a large corporation would not be able to sustain its massive self if the orders from the top didn't get delivered to the rest . He believed it was the same story for running a family, as well
That was why he maintained the exact same type of attitude he'd have when at work while he was home with his family, and he did not accept anyone going against his decisions
However .
Even though he was feeling angry today, why didn't he feel bad about it, either?.
'I'm angry, but not unhappy at the same time?'.
This situation made no sense when he thought about it
The madam spoke gently like a mother pacifying a child, as if she had already read everything in her husband's mind
"Jin-Ho is trying to do something he feels passionate about for the first time in his life .
" . ".
 I shall keep an eye on him . ".
"Of course . ".
The madam formed a sweet smile and received his jacket as he took it off . However, something happened then
Yu Myung-Han stared at his wife's face
"But, this is quite strange . ".
"What is strange, dear?".
"I can see two of your faces . ".
"Pardon?".
Just as the madam's eyes widened, Yu Myung-Han lost his balance and staggered unsteadily
"Dear?!".
The frightened madam hurriedly tried to support Yu Myung-Han .  ".
The madam's eyes opened wider
'Why is there so much cold sweat?!'.
Yu Myung-Han tried to keep his eyes wide open to forcefully beat back the sudden feeling of sleepiness, but in the end, lost his consciousness
***.
Yu Myung-Han reopened his eyes inside the VIP room located in the country's top university hospital
One of the doctors in charge approached him to check up on Yu Myung-Han's complexion . They had been working in a 24-hour rotation schedule to keep an eye on his condition
"Can you hear me, Chairman?".
" ".
Yu Myung-Han took a quick look around him, and immediately figured out where he was
"How long have I been here?".
"You've been sleeping for the last two days . ".
Two days?.
The person most likely to be picked as the role model for "hard working" would be Yu Myung-Han . He had never slept for more than five hours in a day in his entire life, no matter how tired he was
" . ".
Yu Myung-Han resolutely kept his mouth shut, before speaking up as if it was nothing
"I guess I was quite tired, then . ".
He was indeed swarmed with various matters that kept him insanely busy recently . The sudden bout of vertigo and that unshakeable sleepiness were probably the side effects
However, the doctor couldn't hide the seriousness from his expression
Yu Myung-Han was the owner of the country's top company that employed tens of thousands of people . So, he was already a master at reading people's expressions
Seeing the stiffening face of the doctor, Yu Myung-Han asked him
"By any chance Have you discovered something wrong with my body?".
< Chapter 98 > Fin


|
Bosch XDK110 Solace MQTT App
2.0.1
MQTT Reference Application for the Bosch XDK110
|
Command processor and task priorities. More...
Command processor and task priorities.
| #define APP_BUTTONS_PROCESSOR_PRIORITY (UINT32_C(4)) |
APP_BUTTONS_PROCESSOR_PRIORITY
| #define APP_BUTTONS_PROCESSOR_QUEUE_LEN (UINT32_C(10)) |
APP_BUTTONS_PROCESSOR_QUEUE_LEN
| #define APP_BUTTONS_PROCESSOR_STACK_SIZE (UINT32_C(1024)) |
APP_BUTTONS_PROCESSOR_STACK_SIZE
| #define APP_CMD_CTRL_PROCESSOR_PRIORITY (UINT32_C(3)) |
APP_CMD_CTRL_PROCESSOR_PRIORITY
| #define APP_CMD_CTRL_PROCESSOR_QUEUE_LEN (UINT32_C(10)) |
APP_CMD_CTRL_PROCESSOR_QUEUE_LEN
| #define APP_CMD_CTRL_PROCESSOR_STACK_SIZE (UINT32_C(1024)) |
APP_CMD_CTRL_PROCESSOR_STACK_SIZE
| #define APP_CONTROLLER_PROCESSOR_PRIORITY (UINT32_C(3)) |
APP_CONTROLLER_PROCESSOR_PRIORITY
| #define APP_CONTROLLER_PROCESSOR_QUEUE_LEN (UINT32_C(10)) |
APP_CONTROLLER_PROCESSOR_QUEUE_LEN
| #define APP_CONTROLLER_PROCESSOR_STACK_SIZE (UINT32_C(1024)) |
Processor & task parameters.
APP_CONTROLLER_PROCESSOR_STACK_SIZE
| #define APP_STATUS_PROCESSOR_PRIOIRTY (UINT32_C(4)) |
APP_STATUS_PROCESSOR_PRIOIRTY
| #define APP_STATUS_PROCESSOR_QUEUE_LEN (UINT32_C(10)) |
APP_STATUS_PROCESSOR_QUEUE_LEN
| #define APP_STATUS_PROCESSOR_STACK_SIZE (UINT32_C(1024)) |
APP_STATUS_PROCESSOR_STACK_SIZE
| #define APP_STATUS_RECURRING_TASK_PRIOIRTY (UINT32_C(4)) |
APP_STATUS_RECURRING_TASK_PRIOIRTY
| #define APP_STATUS_RECURRING_TASK_STACK_SIZE (UINT32_C(1024)) |
APP_STATUS_RECURRING_TASK_STACK_SIZE
| #define APP_TELEMETRY_PUBLISHING_TASK_PRIORITY (UINT32_C(2)) |
APP_TELEMETRY_PUBLISHING_TASK_PRIORITY
| #define APP_TELEMETRY_PUBLISHING_TASK_STACK_SIZE (UINT32_C(1024)) |
APP_TELEMETRY_PUBLISHING_TASK_STACK_SIZE
| #define APP_TELEMETRY_SAMPLING_TASK_PRIORITY (UINT32_C(1)) |
APP_TELEMETRY_SAMPLING_TASK_PRIORITY
| #define APP_TELEMETRY_SAMPLING_TASK_STACK_SIZE (UINT32_C(1024)) |
APP_TELEMETRY_SAMPLING_TASK_STACK_SIZE
| #define SENSOR_PROCESSOR_PRIORITY (UINT32_C(3)) |
SENSOR_PROCESSOR_PRIORITY
| #define SENSOR_PROCESSOR_QUEUE_LEN (UINT32_C(2)) |
SENSOR_PROCESSOR_QUEUE_LEN
| #define SENSOR_PROCESSOR_STACK_SIZE (UINT32_C(1024)) |
SENSOR_PROCESSOR_STACK_SIZE
| #define SERVAL_PROCESSOR_PRIORITY (UINT32_C(4)) |
SERVAL_PROCESSOR_PRIORITY
| #define SERVAL_PROCESSOR_QUEUE_LEN (UINT32_C(10)) |
SERVAL_PROCESSOR_QUEUE_LEN
| #define SERVAL_PROCESSOR_STACK_SIZE (UINT32_C(1600)) |
SERVAL_PROCESSOR_STACK_SIZE


Table of Contents * Previous Chapter
For most use, configuration through the rc file will be sufficient. But you may decide that you need to recognize additional information in the MIF file, or need new formatting capabilities. Miftran has been designed to make it relatively easy to do this. This chapter describes briefly how this is done.
Note that since the rc file is parsed by the same routines as the data file, the directions for recognizing additional MIF constructs apply also to adding a new rc file command.
You can easily customize the C source for any of the following:
Miftran uses a table-driver parse to recognize specific constructs in its input stream. The tables describe a tree structure which represents the nesting of the commands in the input file. When the parser gets to a leaf of the tree, it executes a function associated with that leaf to do the processing for that command. The function could do whatever you want, but most functions so little more than invoking a translation command, whose definition is specified in the rc file. In this way, miftran essentially takes the hierarchical structure in a MIF file and presents it as a flat structure which is handled by the rc commands.
Flattening the structure of the input file in this way works quite well for the large majority of processing, and makes the user's job of specifying translations much simpler than if he had to deal with the full hierarchy. If you want to recognize additional constructs in a similar vein, and turn them into flattened commands, it should be pretty easy to do. If you need to deal with the full hierarchy of the input structure, that's a lot more work, and you're on your own.
To recognize another MIF construct, you must first know what the hierarchical specification for that construct it. To do this, you may have to slog through a couple of example MIF files to see what they look like. Fortunately, MIF is a text format, so it's pretty easy to browse through it with your favorite text editor.
Once you know the hierarchical structure of the command in MIF, you need to determine how much of that command (if any) is represented in the existing tables in miftran. These tables are in the file mtproc.c. For example, if you were trying to add the command
<TextFlow <Para <ParaLine <Font <FUnderline>>>>>
you would discover that
<TextFlow <Para <ParaLine <Font>>>>
is already represented in the tables, so all you have to do is add a table entry for <FUnderline> (to FontTranTab in mtproc.c). If, however, you wanted to recognize
<ConditionCatalog <Condition <CTag>>>
you would discover that none of these are represented in the existing tables, so you would have to add them all, starting with ConditionCatalog (in TopTranTab in mtproc.c).
Once you have determined which trantab (translation table, of type MtSidTran[]) to add your new keywords to, you need to add one table for each level of the command hierarchy which does not already exist. Each line in the table specifies a command, and refers to either another table, or (for the last command) a function to execute. Look the existing trantabs in mtproc.c to see how it's done.
After getting your tables set up, you are ready to write the action function which is called from the final entry in your table. The function you will most likely want to call from your action routine is MtSubSid. For example, this is the function that is called by MtProcString to do the standard processing for text in the input file. Take a look at that function (in mtproc.c) and the others for examples of how to process the data. In most cases, your action routine should not have to be more than a few lines long. You may have to add an additional MT_O_* definition, which goes at the beginning of mtproc.c.
The RC commands are described in the file mtrc.c. The RcTranTab table lists the commands and their action functions. To add another command, just add a line to that table and write the associated action routine. Look at the existing action routines in mtrc.c for examples.
Note that, since RC files are parsed with the same parser as MIF files, adding an RC command is just a special case of recognizing an additional MIF construct, as described in the previous section. This means that, if you really wanted to, you could add a hierarchical RC command using the same techniques as described for MIF files.
The format control characters are defined in the function MtSubFmt in the file mtfmt.c. There is a switch statement with a case for each valid character. Take a look at that switch statement for examples.
Extended commands are defined in the table MtXCmdTab in the file mtfmt.c. You can add a new extended command by adding a line to that table and writing the associated action function.
Register operations are defined in the file mtop.c. The table MtOpIntTab lists all of the integer operations, and the table MtOpStrTab lists all of the string operations. To add a new operations, edit the appropriate table and add a new line with the operation name and function. See the existing functions in that file for examples of how to implement new operation functions.
You can increase the number of registers available for use in % formatting commands. The number of registers is controlled by the constant NUMREGISTERS defined in mtfmt.c. You can edit that file and change that definition, or define that number in the makefile for miftran to be higher. You must recompile miftran with the higher value in order to change the number of registers.
Table of Contents * Previous Chapter


GTF(1) GTF(1) NAME gtf - calculate VESA GTF mode lines SYNOPSIS gtf h-resolution v-resolution refresh [-v|--verbose] [-f|--fbmode] [-x|--xorgmode] DESCRIPTION Gtf is a utility for calculating VESA GTF modes. Given the desired hori‐ zontal and vertical resolutions and refresh rate (in Hz), the parameters for a matching VESA GTF mode are printed out. Two output formats are supported: mode lines suitable for the Xorg xorg.conf(5) file, and mode parameters suitable for the Linux fbset(8) utility. OPTIONS -v|--verbose Enable verbose printouts This shows a trace for each step of the computation. -x|--xorgmode Print the mode parameters as Xorg-style mode lines. This is the default format. -f|--fbset Print the mode parameters in a format suitable for fbset(8). SEE ALSO xorg.conf(5), cvt(1) AUTHOR Andy Ritger. This program is based on the Generalized Timing Formula (GTF(TM)) Stan‐ dard Version: 1.0, Revision: 1.0. The GTF Excel(TM) spreadsheet, a sam‐ ple (and the definitive) implementation of the GTF Timing Standard is available at <ftp://ftp.vesa.org/pub/GTF/VTF_V1R1.xls>. X Version 11 xorg-server 1.12.4 GTF(1)


When does CME daily settle at? 4:00 CT -> Which is 5pm EST.
But guys, when was the Wall St Journal Finex FUD release today?
5:15pm EST. Then tweeted by the publisher at 5:21 EST.
Coincidental timing?
 Insider trading.
CME Big specs loaded up shorts prio...


The only way to get rid of a ddddddddddddddddddddddddd temptation is to yield to it.
The only way to get rid of a ddddddddddddddddddddddddd temptation is to yield to it.
The only way to get rid of a ddddddddddddddddddddddddd temptation is to yield to it.
The only way to get rid of a ddddddddddddddddddddddddd temptation is to yield to it.
The only way to get rid of a ddddddddddddddddddddddddd temptation is to yield to it.
The only way to get rid of a ddddddddddddddddddddddddd temptation is to yield to it.
The only way to get rid of a ddddddddddddddddddddddddd temptation is to yield to it.
The only way to get rid of a ddddddddddddddddddddddddd temptation is to yield to it.
The only way to get rid of a ddddddddddddddddddddddddd temptation is to yield to it.


The Visualization ("Viz") view displays instances as a graph, where each node is an atom (member of a signature) and arcs represent the relations between atoms. The graph may be customized by clicking on the theme toolbar button.


Using bool_ind
Give two proofs of the following theorem :
bool_cases : (b:bool)b=true\/b=false
- Give directly a proof term, with occurences of
bool_ind, or_introl, or_intror and refl_equal.
- Use the following tactics : pattern, apply, left, right, and reflexivity.
Solution
bool_cases.v


Simple bot which - if mentioned - will search for random image from giphy and paste it into conversation.


Starting today, we are making Google Wave openly available to everyone as part of Google Labs. You no longer need an invitation to wave -- simply visit wave.google.com and sign right in. Likewise, if you are a Google Apps administrator at a business, school or organization, you can now easily enable Google Wave for all your users at no extra cost (more on our Enterprise blog).


---
title: Week 3 - Statistics Review
sitetitle: Week 2
summary: "EC200 - Week 3 Statistics Review (SW Chapter 2)"
date: "2020-09-01"
start_date: "2020-09-14"
end_date: "2020-09-18"
# Academic page type (do not modify).
type: docs
menu:
content:
parent: Course content
weight: 2
output:
blogdown::html_page:
toc: true
pdf: /slides/ch3-slides.pdf
thumb: /slides/ch3-slides.png
---
Overview
Welcome to Week 2! Statistical review continues apace.
As before, what you should do this week and the next week depends on your background:
I took EC170/STAT141 recently and remember some stuff
- Read through SW, and dig deeper into anything that doesn’t look familiar.
- Watch the class videos.
- Use the Khan Academy to clarify anything you feel a bit fuzzy on.
- Make sure you can do the practice problems.
Everyone else
- Start by reviewing the Khan Academy videos
- Work through all the Khan Academy practice problems.
- Watch the class videos
- Head into the practice problems, and review concepts where you are still stuck.
Reading Guide
Chapter 3: Review of Statistics
This is the material you should know, along with supports from Khan Academy ( ). Remember that you don’t need to memorize formulas!
- SW 3.1 Estimation of the population mean
- Don’t worry too much about BLUE, we’ll come back to it. But make sure you get bias, consistency, and efficiency
- Discrete random variables
- SW 3.2 Hypothesis tests concerning the population mean
- SW 3.3 Confidence intervals for the population mean
- SW 3.4 Comparing means from different populations
- Only the type of two-sample test we’ve been practicing - look at difference between two means where the standard deviation is unknown and you do not assume that they come from the same underlying population distribution. Make sure you can use foruma 3.19 and 3.20
- Skip SW 3.5/3.6
- SW 3.7 Scatterplots, the sample covariance, and the sample correlation
Slides
{{% slides %}}
Videos
- Statistics Review
Estimators/estimates, confidence intervals, and hypothesis testing
{{< youtube dMFQw0DcOgU >}}
Practice Problems (for class)
You can download them as a word doc here.
- Consider the random variable X, a person’s height, drawn from a population where the X is distributed normally with mean of 66 and variance of 20.
- What is P(X>66.5)?
- Suppose we randomly select 125 individuals from that population. What is the probability that the mean height is at least 66.5 inches? Does it matter whether X is distributed normally?
- For a class project, a student wants to check whether ﬁnal exam stress raises blood pressure of the students in her class. When they are not under any stress, college students have an average systolic blood pressure of 120mm Hg. For the 50 students in her class, the average blood pressure on the day of the ﬁnal exam is 125.2 mm Hg with a standard deviation of 12mm Hg.
- What is the p-value of her test?
- What should the student conclude about whether ﬁnal exam stress is associated with higher blood pressure?
- Another student wants to check whether ﬁnal exams raise students’ blood pressure more for chemistry or economics classes. For the 50 students in her economics class, the average blood pressure on the day of the ﬁnal exam is 125.2 mm Hg with a standard deviation of 12mm Hg. For the 100 students in her chemistry class, the average blood pressure is 120 mm Hg with a standard deviation of 24mm Hg.
- Conduct the hypothesis test at the 10% level for whether final exams raise students’ blood pressure more for chemistry or economics students. Set up a null and alternative hypothesis, report your t-statistic, and your conclusion. Use a standard normal distribution table.
- [Side note] Does this mean that economics exams are more stressful than chemistry? Why or why not?
Solutions here
Video-walkthrough
{{< youtube q_NbBSDWcpI >}}


Colin Leath
Spring 2010
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5142 Hollister Ave #5
Santa Barbara, CA 93111 |
805 699 6411<EMAIL_ADDRESS>|
guiding adventures in life/love/creation
Endeavors
Certifications
Wilderness First Responder and CPR/First Aid. NOLS WMI. Expires 12/14/2011. <view>
Lifeguarding and First Aid. American Red Cross. Expires 5/21/2012. <view>
Employment
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Fall 2009 |
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Naturalist (41+ field days)
Naturalists at Large Ventura, California
Developed and facilitated multi-day outdoor education and group-building programs throughout California to help students and faculty become comfortable in the outdoors and with each other. Experimented with new ways to foster fun and growth.  Shared gratitude. Modeled and counseled peace and the good message.  Supervised co-facilitators and trainees. Inspected course. Designed and led two sessions of week-long Junior Leaders daycamp. Grew to guide 80+ participant programs for AFROTC and high schools. Grew in ability to nourish fun and appreciation. I continue to learn from my coworkers and supervisors there. |
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Fall 2001-Spring 2003 |
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Research Support Specialist Department of Vision Sciences, SUNY State College of Optometry New York, New York
Wrote software to create and present visual displays and to collect and analyze data. Supported experimental design, recruiting and running study participants, apparatus construction, and data analysis and presentation. Mentored by a caring and considerate professor. Grew in respect for forethought and precision. |
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Fall 1999-Spring 2001 |
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VB Programmer (3rd), Install Developer (2nd), QA Analyst (1st) Greentree Systems Incorporated Pacific Grove, California + Maintained, enhanced, and documented Resume Analyzer.+ Designed and coded iGreentree setup, reducing one-hour process to 15 minutes. + Verified bugs. Verified fixes as harmless. Supported betas. Maintained installs. Grateful to have worked with creative and caring people. |
Other Experience
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Fall 2008-Spring 2010 |
Multiple 3-14-day walks in Los Padres NF, other coast ranges, and southern Sierras |
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Summer 2008 |
Hand-sewed clothes and equipment: quilt, tarp, hat, scarf, pack |
| Spring 2008 | Co-organized an origin skills gathering in Rainbow, California <sdprim> |
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Fall 2006-Spring 2008 |
Gardener, participant, and volunteer, San Diego Food Not Lawns <garden> |
| Fall 2007-Spring 2008 | Sat still, watched the mind, read about gurus, and wrote <j9k blog> |
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Summer 2007 |
Kitchen assistant at Quail Springs during two-week permaculture course |
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Spring 2007 |
Vipassana meditation course, ten days |
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Fall 2006 |
Graduate Teaching Associate for RWS100 (freshman composition instructor), SDSU |
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Summer 2004 |
Staff, Hostel Obispo, San Luis Obispo |
| Spring-Fall 2003 | Bicycled from NYC to Pacific Ocean via Mexico, ecovillages <log> |
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Fall 2002-Spring 2003 |
Volunteer chorister, Saint Bartholomew's Church, New York City |
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Fall 2002 |
Co-founded Integral Transformative Practice NYC group <itpnyc> |
| Summer 2000-Spring 2002 | Modern and ballet dance training, Monterey area and New York City |
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Summer 2001 |
Counselor at English camps in Italy |
| Spring 2001 | Crisis line volunteer, Community Human Services Counseling Center, Monterey |
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Summer 1999-Spring 2001 |
Monterey Hostel Society volunteer |
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Fall 1998-Fall 1999 |
Temporary employee in Washington, DC, Austin, TX, and Monterey, CA |
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Fall 1997-Summer 1998 |
Designed and ran 8-week research study, "The effect of participation in the Meaning in Life Forum on participants' experiences of meaning in life" |
| Spring 1997-Spring 1998 |
Research Assistant for UW School of Nursing Reconnecting Youth project <ry> |
| Spring 1996 | Teen Feed volunteer in Seattle, eating meals with homeless youth |
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Fall 1994-Spring 1995 |
Computer instructor for 4th and 5th graders |
| Summer 1994 | Worked and windsurfed in Maui without a car |
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Summer 1992-Summer 1994 |
Sailing and windsurfing instructor |
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Spring 1991 |
Eagle Scout service project |
Publications
Leath, Colin, ed. SD/TJ Design, Plant, Harvest: nourishing our shared space, caring for the commons. 2007-2008. <http://sdtjdph.blogspot.com/>
A collaborative blog demonstrating read/write web technologies to San Diego- and Tijuana-area activists.
Leath, Colin, ed. The carfree universe project: Strengthening communities of the carfree. 2003‑2007. <http://purl.org/net/cfu/>
A multi-user content management system allowing content to be tagged and sorted by topic, location, and type.
Education
San Diego State University. 2004-2006. English- and Spanish-language literature, TESOL, and pedagogy coursework.
University of Washington. Bachelor of Science with departmental honors in Psychology, 1999. Calculus, physics, chemistry, and biology coursework.
Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology. Diploma, 1994. Computer science, computer architecture, digital electronics, and computer-aided design coursework.
References
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Andrea Sanford Day Camps Manager Ray and Joan Kroc Corps Community Center |
Carol Anderson Former Lead Facilitator Ray and Joan Kroc Corps Community Center |
Chris Bonelli Program Coordinator Naturalists at Large |


Making Chicago my home 14 years ago was one of the best decisions I've ever made. It's brought me to career that's helped shape me into a more responsible adult. Chicago has also gifted me a community that is more like family than friends. It's also where my love for yoga and travel truly started to flourish.
Now I find myself on my newest adventure in the world of coding. It's exciting and daunting at the same time. It reminds of when I started playing
tennis at 9 years old and being totally intimidated by everyone around me.  I'm ready and looking forward to the challenges ahead.


public class DocumentScanner
extends java.lang.Object
| Modifier and Type | Field and Description |
|---|---|
protected float |
liberalPolicyAreaWhitespaceFraction
The minimum fraction of pixels in an area which must be white in order for the area to
be considered whitespace when the liberal whitespace policy is in effect.
|
protected float |
minCharBreakWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight
The minimum width of a character break (a vertical column of whitespace that separates
two characters on a row of text), expressed as a fraction of the height of a row of text.
|
protected float |
minCharWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight
The minimum width of a character, expressed as a fraction of the height of a row of text.
|
protected float |
minSpaceWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight
The minimum width of a space, expressed as a fraction of the height of a row of text.
|
protected float |
shortRowFraction
The maximum fraction a row's height can be of the previous row's height,
in order for the new (short) row to be merged in with the previous (tall)
row to form a single row.
|
protected int |
whiteThreshold
The white threshold.
|
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
DocumentScanner() |
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
float |
getLiberalPolicyAreaWhitespaceFraction() |
float |
getMinCharBreakWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight() |
float |
getMinCharWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight() |
float |
getMinSpaceWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight() |
float |
getShortRowFraction() |
int |
getWhiteThreshold() |
void |
scan(PixelImage pixelImage,
DocumentScannerListener listener,
int blockX1,
int blockY1,
int blockX2,
int blockY2) |
void |
setLiberalPolicyAreaWhitespaceFraction(float liberalPolicyAreaWhitespaceFraction) |
void |
setMinCharBreakWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight(float minCharBreakWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight) |
void |
setMinCharWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight(float minCharWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight) |
void |
setMinSpaceWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight(float minSpaceWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight) |
void |
setShortRowFraction(float shortRowFraction) |
void |
setWhiteThreshold(int whiteThreshold) |
protected float shortRowFraction
protected float liberalPolicyAreaWhitespaceFraction
protected float minSpaceWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight
protected float minCharWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight
protected float minCharBreakWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight
protected int whiteThreshold
public float getShortRowFraction()
public void setShortRowFraction(float shortRowFraction)
shortRowFraction
- The maximum fraction a row's height can be of the previous
row's height, in order for the new (short) row to be merged in with the previous (tall)
row to form a single row.public float getLiberalPolicyAreaWhitespaceFraction()
public void setLiberalPolicyAreaWhitespaceFraction(float liberalPolicyAreaWhitespaceFraction)
liberalPolicyAreaWhitespaceFraction
- The minimum fraction of pixels in an area which
must be white in order for the area to be considered whitespace when the liberal whitespace
policy is in effect.public float getMinSpaceWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight()
public void setMinSpaceWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight(float minSpaceWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight)
minSpaceWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight
- The minimum width of a space, expressed as a
fraction of the height of a row of text.public float getMinCharWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight()
public void setMinCharWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight(float minCharWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight)
minCharWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight
- The minimum width of a character, expressed as a
fraction of the height of a row of text.public float getMinCharBreakWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight()
public void setMinCharBreakWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight(float minCharBreakWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight)
minCharBreakWidthAsFractionOfRowHeight
- The minimum width of a character break (a
vertical column of whitespace that separates two characters on a row of text), expressed
as a fraction of the height of a row of text.public int getWhiteThreshold()
public void setWhiteThreshold(int whiteThreshold)
whiteThreshold
- The white threshold. Any pixel value that is greater than or equal
to this value, will be considered to be white space for the purpose of separating rows of
text and characters within each row.public final void scan(PixelImage pixelImage, DocumentScannerListener listener, int blockX1, int blockY1, int blockX2, int blockY2)
pixelImage
- The PixelImage
object to be scanned.listener
- The DocumentScannerListener
to receive
notifications during the scanning process.blockX1
- The leftmost pixel position of the area to be scanned,
or 0
to start scanning at the left boundary of the image.blockY1
- The topmost pixel position of the area to be scanned,
or 0
to start scanning at the top boundary of the image.blockX2
- The rightmost pixel position of the area to be scanned,
or 0
to stop scanning at the right boundary of the image.blockY2
- The bottommost pixel position of the area to be scanned,
or 0
to stop scanning at the bottom boundary of the image.


Getters and setters allow you to get and set properties via methods.
This example uses a lang property to get the value of the language property.


ISQA Project
- Personal Library
Front-End
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Copies over any files in the directory the user has given us over to the new directory we are making for their App Engine app.
# File lib/generator.rb, line 164 def self.copy_app_files(main_file, output_dir, fileutils=FileUtils) source_dir = File.dirname(main_file) + "/." FileUtils.cp_r(source_dir, output_dir) end
This function finds out what language the application we need to make ‘Cicero-ready’ is, and if it is a supported language, dispatches the necessary function to do so. See SUPPORTED_LANGUAGES for the currently supported languages.
# File lib/generator.rb, line 18 def self.generate_app(main_file, function_name, output_dir, app_id, generate_python_app=Generator.method(:generate_python_app), generate_go_app=Generator.method(:generate_go_app)) file_suffix = main_file.scan(/\.(.*)\Z/).flatten.to_s if file_suffix.empty? # no suffix abort("The file specified needs an extension.") end if !SUPPORTED_LANGUAGES.include?(file_suffix) abort("The file specified is not in a supported language. Supported " + "languages are #{SUPPORTED_LANGUAGES.join(', ')}") end case file_suffix when "py" generate_python_app.call(main_file, function_name, output_dir, app_id) when "go" generate_go_app.call(main_file, function_name, output_dir, app_id) end end
This method generates a Go Google App Engine application containing the function that the user specified.
# File lib/generator.rb, line 63 def self.generate_go_app(main_file, function_name, output_dir, app_id, make_directory=FileUtils.method(:mkdir_p), write_go_app_yaml=Generator.method(:write_go_app_yaml_file), write_go_cicero_code=Generator.method(:write_go_cicero_code), copy_app_files=Generator.method(:copy_app_files)) make_directory.call(output_dir) go_code_folder = output_dir + File::Separator + function_name make_directory.call(go_code_folder) write_go_app_yaml.call(app_id, output_dir) write_go_cicero_code.call(main_file, function_name, go_code_folder) copy_app_files.call(main_file, go_code_folder) end
This method generates a Python Google App Engine application containing the function that the user specified. This requires us to search their code for the actual function, make a directory for their app, write an app.yaml for the app, and a Python file containing our Cicero interface and their function.
# File lib/generator.rb, line 49 def self.generate_python_app(main_file, function_name, output_dir, app_id, make_directory=FileUtils.method(:mkdir_p), write_python_app_yaml=Generator.method(:write_python_app_yaml_file), write_python_cicero_code=Generator.method(:write_python_cicero_code), copy_app_files=Generator.method(:copy_app_files)) make_directory.call(output_dir) write_python_app_yaml.call(app_id, output_dir) write_python_cicero_code.call(main_file, function_name, output_dir) copy_app_files.call(main_file, output_dir) end
Writes an app.yaml file for use with Go Google App Engine applications. Right now, we direct all URL requests to the Go app we are about to construct, but in the future we may add support for jQuery and Bootstrap to automatically put a nice UI on the / url.
# File lib/generator.rb, line 126 def self.write_go_app_yaml_file(app_id, output_dir, file=File) app_yaml_contents = application: #{app_id.downcase}version: 1runtime: goapi_version: 3handlers:- url: /.* script: _go_app app_yaml_location = file.expand_path(output_dir + File::Separator + "app.yaml") file.open(app_yaml_location, "w+") { |file| file.write(app_yaml_contents) } end
Writes a main.go function that is a Go Google App Engine application with the user’s function in it.
# File lib/generator.rb, line 146 def self.write_go_cicero_code(file_name, function_name, output_dir, file=File) package_name = File.basename(file_name, ".go") template_location = File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "..", "templates", "main.go") main_go_contents = file.open(template_location) { |f| f.read } main_go_contents.gsub!(/CICERO_FUNCTION_NAME/, function_name) main_go_contents.gsub!(/CICERO_PKG_NAME/, package_name) invokable_name = package_name + "." + function_name main_go_contents.gsub!(/CICERO_PACKAGE_AND_FUNCTION_NAME/, invokable_name) main_go_location = file.expand_path(output_dir + File::Separator + "main.go") file.open(main_go_location, "w+") { |file| file.write(main_go_contents) } end
Writes an app.yaml file for use with Python Google App Engine applications. TODO(cgb): Add support for jquery and bootstrap? If so, also be sure to write those files in the given directory.
# File lib/generator.rb, line 81 def self.write_python_app_yaml_file(app_id, output_dir, file=File) app_yaml_contents = application: #{app_id}version: 1runtime: pythonapi_version: 1handlers:- url: .* script: main.py app_yaml_location = file.expand_path(output_dir + File::Separator + "app.yaml") file.open(app_yaml_location, "w+") { |file| file.write(app_yaml_contents) } end
Writes a main.py file for use with Python Google App Engine applications. Sets up a standard set of routes according to the Cicero API. TODO(cgb): The user may have their own imports in the code - consider automatically placing them in as well.
# File lib/generator.rb, line 103 def self.write_python_cicero_code(file_name, function_name, output_dir, file=File) package_name = File.basename(file_name, ".py") template_location = File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "..", "templates", "main.py") main_py_contents = file.open(template_location) { |f| f.read } main_py_contents.gsub!(/CICERO_PACKAGE_NAME/, package_name) main_py_contents.gsub!(/CICERO_FUNCTION_NAME/, function_name) invokable_name = package_name + "." + function_name main_py_contents.gsub!(/CICERO_PACKAGE_AND_FUNCTION_NAME/, invokable_name) main_py_location = file.expand_path(output_dir + File::Separator + "main.py") file.open(main_py_location, "w+") { |file| file.write(main_py_contents) } end
Generated with the Darkfish Rdoc Generator 2.


The Team Management page displays the support seat assignments within your organization. To view the page, log in to the Algorithm lab, and then in the left navigation bar, click Organization > Members.


Acknowledgement¶
Owl is built on top of an enormous amount of previous work. Without the efforts of these projects and the intellectual contribution of these people, it will be very difficult for me to continue developing Owl.
While designing and developing the various components in Owl, I have been studying many systems and keep learning from them. The following is an incomplete list of individuals/projects/software who made significant contributions to Owl. I owe a great debt of gratitude to these ingenious people. The credit goes to them.
Because Owl is always under active development, there might be a lag between the development code and the lists here. In case you think there is something/someone missing in the list, please do contact me. I will try to make this list up-to-date.
Contributors¶
- Great support from my colleagues in OCaml Labs and System Research Group in the Computer Lab.
- The interface design are heavily influenced by Numpy, SciPy, Julia, Matlab.
- The early versions heavily relied on Markus Mottl and Christophe Troestler’s projects: Lacaml, Gsl.
- Richard Mortier has been providing great support and constructive feedback. We two together have been running interesting sub-projects on top of Owl.
- Ben Catterall did excellent theoretical work for Owl’s underlying distributed computation engine. He also contributed to the NLP module.
- Tudor Tiplea contributed the initial Ndarray implementation in the base module.
- Maria (kanisteri) contributed several root-finding algorithms. She is also working on other numerical functions in Owl.
- Jianxin Zhao optimised some core operations of ndarray, built advanced machine learning and deep neural network applications on top of Owl. He’s been working on Zoo system for future service deployment.
- Pierre Vandenhove has been working on the optimisation of the computation graph functor stack, improving deep neural networks, as well as building advanced object detection and segmentation applications using Mast RCNN atop of Owl.
- Gavin Stark contributed and reshaped many unit tests. His work has been helping us in identifying and fixing existing bugs and preventing potential ones, greatly assured the quality of Owl.
- Marshall Abrams has been contributing code to Plot and other modules, improving the documentation. Moreover, he always provide useful feedback and constructive discussion.
- Sergei Lebedev and bagmanas contributed various hypothesis test functions in Stats module.
- Interfacing to other C/C++ libraries (e.g., CBLAS, LAPACKE, Eigen, OpenCL, and etc.) relies on Jeremy Yallop’s ocaml-ctypes.
- The plot module is built on top of Hezekiah M. Carty’s project: ocaml-plplot.
- Many functions rely on Eigen and its OCaml binding. The binding also contains some functions (e.g., convolution functions) from Google’s Tensorflow.
- Jérémie Dimino and many others built the powerful building system and convenient toplevel for OCaml.
- Other projects which have been providing useful insights: Oml, pareto.
Open Source Projects¶
Owl is partially based on several open-source projects which contribute a significant amount of original novelty.
- DiffSharp and Hype, by Atilim Gunes Baydin, Barak A. Pearlmutter, and et al. Code ported to Algodiff and Optimise modules.
- dolog by Francois BERENGER. Code ported to Log module.


xmltask
allows you to specify sections of an XML file to iterate over, append to, replace, remove or modify. The sections of the
XML document to be read or modified are specified by XPath references, and the XML to insert can be specified in-line in the Ant build.xml,
or loaded from files.
The main <xmltask>
section takes arguments to define an XML source and a destination file or directory. Note that the XML
source is optional if you're creating a new document via <xmltask>
instructions. dest
and todir
can be omitted if you're reading a document and storing subsections in buffers for use by another task (see below).
For more information about XPath, please report to the W3C tutorial and W3C specification.
| Attribute | Description | Required |
| source | The source XML file to load. | No |
| sourcebuffer | The source buffer containing XML from a previous <xmltask>> invocation. The buffer must contain a single
root node (i.e be well-formed). If the buffer is empty, then this has the effect of starting with a blank document. |
No |
| dest | The output XML file to write to. | No |
| destbuffer | The output buffer to write to. | No |
| todir | The output directory to write to. | No |
| report | When set to true , will result in diagnostic output. |
No, defaults to false . |
| expandEntityReferences | When set to true , will enable entity reference expansion. |
No, defaults to true . |
| public | Sets the PUBLIC identifier in the output XML DOCTYPE declaration. | No |
| system | sets the SYSTEM identifier in the output XML DOCTYPE declaration. | No |
| preservetype | When set to true sets the PUBLIC and SYSTEM identifiers to those of the original document. |
No, defaults to false . |
| failWithoutMatch | When set to true will stop the xmltask task (and hence the build process) if any subtask
fails to match nodes using the given XPath path. |
No, defaults to false . |
| indent | Enables indented formatting of the resultant document. | No, defaults to true . |
| encoding | Determines the character encoding value for the output document. | No |
| outputter | Determines the output mechanism to be used. See formatting for more info. | No |
| omitHeader | When set to true forces omission of the <?xml...?> header. Note that the XML spec specifies the
header SHOULD be included, but this is not mandated for XML v1.0. |
No, defaults to false . |
| standalone | Sets the standalone attribute of the header. |
No, defaults to false . |
| clearBuffers | Clears buffers after population by previous xmltask invocations. Buffers are cleared after every input
file is processed. Buffers are specified in a comma-delimited string. |
No |
FileSets are used to define sets of files for xmltask
to operate on.
Nested elements allow replacements to take place, and are applied in the order that they're specified in. Each subsection may match zero or more nodes. Standard XPath paths are used here.
<cut>
element
The <cut>
element allows an XML section to be cut and stored in a buffer or a property. Multiple
XML nodes or elements can be cut to a buffer or property by using the append
attribute.
| Attribute | Description | Required |
| path | The XPath reference of the element(s) to cut. | Yes |
| buffer | The buffer to store the cut XML. | No |
| property | The property to store the cut XML. | No |
| append | When set to |
No |
| attrValue | Cutting an attribute will result in the whole attribute plus value being cut. When attrValue
is set to true then only the attribute's value is cut. This is implicit for cutting to properties. |
No |
| trim | Trims leading/trailing spaces when writing to properties. | No |
| propertySeparator | Defines the separating string when appending properties. | No |
| if | Only performed if the given property is set. | No |
| unless | Performed unless the given property is set. | No |
<cut path="web/servlet/context/root[@id='2']/text()" buffer="namedBuffer"/> <cut path="web/servlet/context/root[@id='2']/text()" property="property1"/>
<copy>
element
The <copy>
element allows an XML section to be copied and stored in a buffer or a property. Multiple
XML nodes or elements can be copied to a buffer or property by using the append
attribute.
| Attribute | Description | Required |
| path | The XPath reference of the element(s) to copy. | Yes |
| buffer | The buffer to store the copied XML. | No |
| property | The property to store the copied XML. | No |
| append | When set to true , appends to the given buffer or property. You can only append when creating a new
property since Ant properties are immutable (i.e. when an XPath resolves to multiple text nodes). |
No |
| attrValue | Copying an attribute will result in the whole attribute plus value being cut. When true then only the attribute's value is copied. This is implicit for copying to properties. |
No |
| propertySeparator | Defines the separating string when appending properties. | No |
| trim | Trims leading/trailing spaces when writing to properties. | No |
| if | Only performed if the given property is set. | No |
| unless | Performed unless the given property is set. | No |
<copy path="web/servlet/context/root[@id='2']/text()" buffer="namedBuffer"/> <copy path="web/servlet/context/root[@id='2']/text()" property="property1"/>
<insert>
element
The <insert>
element allows the contents of a buffer or a property to be inserted into an XML
document. You can specify an XML node and the XML to insert below or alongside it.
| Attribute | Description | Required |
| path | The XPath reference of the element(s) to insert into. | Yes |
| buffer | The buffer to paste. | No |
| file | The file to paste. | No |
| xml | The literal XML to paste. | No |
| expandProperties | Indicates whether properties in body text XML are expanded or not. | No, defaults to true . |
| position | Where the XML is to be inserted in relation to the XML highlighted by path. The allowed positions are before , after ,
or under . |
No, defaults to under |
| if | Only performed if the given property is set. | No |
| unless | Performed unless the given property is set. | No |
<insert path="/web/servlet/context/root[@attr='val']" xml="<B/>"/> <insert path="/web/servlet/context/root[@attr='val']" file="insert.xml"/> <insert path="/web/servlet/context/root[@attr='val']" buffer="namedBuffer" position="before"/> <insert path="/web/servlet/context/root[@attr='val']" xml="${property1}" position="before"/>
The XML to insert can be specified as body text within the <insert>
task:
<insert path="web/servlet/context/root[@id='2']/text()"> <![CDATA[ <node/> ]]> </insert>
Note that the XML has to be specified within a CDATA
section. Ant properties are expanded within these sections, unless
expandProperties
is set to false
.
You can create a new document by not specifying a source file, and making the first instruction for <xmltask>
an
<insert>
with the appropriate root node (and any subnodes).
<replace>
element
The <replace>
element allows you to specify an XML node and what to replace it with.
| Attribute | Description | Required |
| path | The XPath reference of the element(s) to replace. If this represents an attribute, then the value of the attribute will be changed. In this scenario you can only specify text as replacement. | Yes |
| withText | The text to insert in place of the nominated nodes. | No |
| withXml | The literal XML to insert in place of the nominated nodes. | No |
| withFile | The file containing XML to insert in place of the nominated nodes. | No |
| withBuffer | The buffer containing XML to insert in place of the nominated nodes. | No |
| expandProperties | Indicates whether properties in body text XML are expanded or not. | No, defaults to true . |
| if | Only performed if the given property is set. | No |
| unless | Performed unless the given property is set. | No |
<replace path="web/servlet/context/root[@id='2']/text()" withText="2"/> <replace path="web/servlet/context/root[@id='2']/@id" withText="3"/> <replace path="web/servlet/context/root[@id='2']/text()" withXml="<id>"/> <replace path="web/servlet/context/root[@id='2']/" withFile="substitution.xml"/> <replace path="web/servlet/context/root[@id='2']/" withBuffer="namedBuffer"/>
The XML to insert can be specified as body text within the <insert>
task:
<replace path="web/servlet/context/root[@id='2']/text()"> <![CDATA[ <node/> ]]> </replace>
Note that the XML has to be specified within a CDATA
section. Ant properties are expanded within these sections, unless
expandProperties
is set to false
.
<attr>
element
The <attr>
element allows you to specify an XML node and how to add, change or remove its attributes.
| Attribute | Description | Required |
| path | The XPath reference of the element(s) to be changed. | Yes |
| attr | The name of the attribute to be added/changed or removed. | Yes |
| value | The value to set the attribute to. | No |
| remove | Indicates that the nominated attribute should be removed. | No, defaults to false |
| if | Only performed if the given property is set. | No |
| unless | Performed unless the given property is set. | No |
<attr path="web/servlet/context[@id='4']" attr="id" value="test"/> <attr path="web/servlet/context[@id='4']" attr="id" remove="true"/>
Note that in the first example, if the attribute id
doesn't exist, it will be added.
<remove>
element
The <remove>
element allows you to specify an XML section to remove.
| Attribute | Description | Required |
| path | The XPath reference of the element(s) to be removed. | Yes |
| if | Only performed if the given property is set. | No |
| unless | Performed unless the given property is set. | No |
<remove path="web/servlet/context[@id='redundant']"/>
<regexp>
element
The <regexp>
element allows you to specify XML text to change via regular expressions.
| Attribute | Description | Required |
| path | The XPath reference of the element(s) to be changed or copied. | Yes |
| pattern | The regular expression to apply to the text node or attribute value. | Yes |
| replace | The text to replace the matched expression with. | No |
| property | The property to copy the matched expression into. A capturing group must be used to specify the text to capture. | No |
| buffer | The buffer to copy the matched expression into. A capturing group must be used to specify the text to capture. | No |
| casesensitive | Sets case sensitivity of the regular expression. | No, defaults to true |
| if | Only performed if the given property is set. | No |
| unless | Performed unless the given property is set. | No |
The <regexp>
element uses the standard Java regular expression mechanism. Replacements can make use of capturing groups.
When copying to a buffer or a property, a capturing group must be specified to determine the text to be copied.
<regexp path="/web-app/servlet/servlet-name/text()" pattern="Test" replace="Prod"/> <regexp path="/web-app/servlet/servlet-name/text()" pattern="Servlet-([a-z])-([0-9]*)" replace="Servlet-$2-$1"/> <regexp path="/web-app/servlet/servlet-name/text()" pattern="(.*)Test" property="servlet.name"/> <regexp path="/web-app/servlet/servlet-name/text()" pattern="(.*)Test" buffer="servlet.name"/>
Note the use of the capturing groups to reverse components of the servlet's name, or to determine the servlet name substring to copy to a buffer or property.
<rename>
element
The <rename>
element allows you to specify an XML element or attribute to rename.
| Attribute | Description | Required |
| path | The XPath reference of the element(s) to be renamed. | Yes |
| to | The new node name. | Yes |
| if | Only performed if the given property is set. | No |
| unless | Performed unless the given property is set. | No |
<rename path="a/b/c[@id='1']" to="d"/> <rename path="a/b/@c" to="d"/>
<call>
element
The <call>
element allows you to perform actions or call Ant targets in the same build.xml
file
for nodes identified by an XPath.
| Attribute | Description | Required |
| path | The XPath reference of the element(s) to be identified. | Yes |
| target | The Ant target to call for each identified node. | No |
| buffer | The buffer to use to store each identified node (for the duration of the target call). | No |
| inheritAll | Indicates if the target being called inherits all properties. | No, defaults to true |
| inheritRefs | Indicates if the target being called inherits all references. | No, defaults to false |
| if | Only performed if the given property is set. | No |
| unless | Performed unless the given property is set. | No |
<call path="a/b/c" target="CNode" buffer="abc"/>
In the example above, the Ant target CNode
is called for each occurrence of the C node in the given XPath expression.
For each call to CNode
the buffer abc
is populated with the node identified (plus any subnodes).
In the example below, Ant actions are embedded within the <call>
action.
<call path="a/b/c"> <actions> <echo>Found a node under a/b/c</echo> </actions> </call>
Properties can be set for the target being called using XPath syntax or simply as existing properties or static strings:
<call path="a/b/c" target="CNode" buffer="abc"> <param name="val" path="text()"/> <param name="id" path="@id" default="n/a"/> <param name="os" value="${os.name}"/> </call>
This will call the Ant target CNode
as above, but for each invocation, the property val
is set to the value of
the text node under C, and the property id
is set to the corresponding id
attribute. If the id
attribute is missing then n/a
will be substituted. os
is set to the OS.
The same can be done for embedded actions:
<call path="a/b/c"> <param name="val" path="text()"/> <param name="id" path="@id" default="n/a"/> <param name="os" value="${os.name}"/> <actions> <echo>val = @{val}</echo> <echo>id = @{id}</echo> </actions> </call>
Note how the parameters are dereferenced in this example (using @{...}
). Note also that for embedded actions each property
must have a value assigned to it. If in doubt use the default attribute in the <param>
instruction.
<print>
element
The <print>
element allows you to dump out to standard output the XML matching a given XPath expression, or the contents
of a buffer. This is a considerable help in performing debugging of scripts.
| Attribute | Description | Required |
| path | The XPath reference of the element(s) to be identified. | No |
| buffer | The buffer to print out. | No |
| comment | A corresponding comment to print out. | No |
<print path="a/b/c" comment="Nodes matching a/b/c"/> <print buffer="buffer1" comment="Contents of buffer 1"/>
This instruction has no effect on the documents being scanned or generated.
<xmlcatalog>
element
xmltask
supports the Ant <xmlcatalog>
element, which allows you
to specify local copies of DTDs. This allows you to specify a DOCTYPE referred to in the original document, and the local DTD to use instead
(useful if you're behind firewalls and the like).
<xmlcatalog id="dtds"> <dtd publicId="-//OOPS Consultancy//DTD Test 1.0//EN" location="./local.dtd"/> </xmlcatalog> <xmltask source="18.xml" dest="18-out.xml" report="true"> <xmlcatalog refid="dtds"/> <!-- set a text element to a value --> ... </xmltask>
<uncomment>
element
The <uncomment>
element allows you to uncomment sections of XML. This means you can maintain different XML fragments within
one document and enable a subset. For instance you can maintain different configs and only enable one at deployment.
| Attribute | Description | Required |
| path | The XPath of the comment to uncomment. This must resolve to a comment within the input document. | Yes |
| if | Only performed if the given property is set. | No |
| unless | Performed unless the given property is set. | No |
<xmltask source="server.xml" dest="server.xml" report="true"> <!-- enables a servlet configuration --> <uncomment path="/server/service[@name='Tomcat-Standalone']/comment()"/> ... </xmltask>
<target name="main"> <xmltask source="input.xml" dest="output.xml public="//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.2//EN" system="http://java.sun.com/j2ee/dtds/web-app_2_2.dtd" report="true"> <replace path="web/servlet/context/config[@id='1']/text()" withFile="config1.xml"/> <replace path="web/servlet/context/config[@id='2']/text()" withFile="config2.xml"/> <insert path="/web/security/" file="uat.security.xml"/> <remove path="web/servlet/context/config[@id='4']"/> </xmltask> </target>
Here the report attribute is enabled to view the XML transformations as they occur. The input is loaded from input.xml
and the output will go to output.xml
. The files config1/2.xml
replace the text below the appropriate
<config>
nodes, the file security.xml
is inserted and then the config id #4
is removed.
output.xml
will be output with the appropriate DOCTYPE setting for a Servlet 2.2 web.xml (using the public/system settings
- note that if input.xml
has the public and system ids set already, preserveType="true"
could be used here).
Buffers are used to store nodes found by <cut>
and <copy>
operations, and those nodes can be
inserted into a document using <insert>
.
Buffers exist for the duration of the Ant process and consequently can be used across multiple invocations of <xmltask>
.
The following is possible:
<target name="cut"> <xmltask source="input.xml" dest="1.xml > <cut path="web/servlet/context/config[@id='4']" buffer="storedXml" /> </xmltask> </target> <target name="paste" depends="cut"> <xmltask source="input.xml" dest="output.xml > <paste path="web/servlet/context/config[@id='5'] buffer="storedXml" /> </xmltask> </target>
So the buffer storedXml
is maintained across multiple targets.
Buffers are simply defined by names. eg. valid buffers would be servlet
, buffer100
etc.
A buffer can record multiple nodes (either resulting from multiple matches or multiple <cut>
/ <copy>
operations). This operation is enabled through use of the append attribute. e.g.
<cut path="web/servlet/context/config" buffer="storedXml" append="true" />
A buffer can store all types of XML nodes e.g. text / elements / attributes. Note that when recording an attribute node, both the name of the
attribute and the value will be recorded. To store the value alone of an attribute, the attrValue
attribute can be used e.g.
<copy path="web/servlet/@id" buffer="id" attrValue="true" />
This will store the value of the id
attribute. The value can be used as a text node in a subsequent <insert>
.
Buffers can be persisted to files. This permits buffers to be used across Ant invocations, and uses of <antcall>
. To persist
a buffer to a file, simply name it using a file URL. e.g.
<cut path="/a/b" buffer="file://build/buffers/1"/>
and the operation will write the cut XML to a file build/buffers/1
. This file will persist after Ant exits, so care should be taken
to remove this if required. The file will be created automatically, but any directories required must exist prior to the buffer being used.
The formatting of the output document is controlled by the attribute outputter
. There are two options:
<xmltask outputter="default"...
outputs the document as is. That is to say, all whitespace etc. is preserved. This is the default option. Note that attribute ordering may change and elements containing attributes may be split over several lines etc. ie. the document remains the same semantically.
<xmltask outputter="simple"...
outputs the document with a degree of formatting. Elements are indented and given new lines wherever possible to make a more readable document. This is not suitable for all applications since some XML consumers will be whitespace sensitive.
Spacing can be adjusted by using <xmltask outputter="simple:{indent}"...
. e.g.
<xmltask outputter="simple:1"...
results in:
<root> <branch/> </root>
The indent level can be increased: <xmltask outputter="simple:4"...
results in:
<root> <branch/> </root>
The xml2task
is provided by OOPS Consultancy.
This documentation is a reformat of the manual available on their website.


rotten > Library > Culture > ACLU
ACLU
American Civil Liberties Union
Loathed by Bill O'Reilly, Pat Robertson, and Jerry Falwell. And with good reason. They represented American Nazis in 1978, NAMBLA in 2000, and they consistently oppose any governmental endorsement of religion. That includes school-imposed prayers, as well as nativity scenes and Ten Commandments monuments on public property.
ACLU strangely refuses to take a position on the civil liberty issue of gun rights.
Timeline
| 1919 |
Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer claims that communist agents have constructed a plan to overthrow the American Government on November 7th, 1919, the second anniversary of the Russian Revolution. Palmer and his assistant J. Edgar Hoover arrests over 10,000 suspected anarchists and communists and holds them without trial, ultimately releasing all but 247, who are deported to Russia. These mass arrests become known as the Palmer Raids. |
| Jan 1920 |
Palmer arrests 6,000 more suspected communists and holds them without trial. He announces that the communist revolution is planned for May 1st as justification. |
| 1920 |
ACLU is founded in response to the Palmer Raids. Roger Baldwin is named first director of the ACLU. |
| 1950 |
Roger Baldwin steps down as director, but continues work as spokesman for the ACLU. Patrick Murphy Malin becomes director, and starts the ACLU on greater membership, growing it from 9,000 to 60,000, mostly through the founding of local chapters. |
| 1963 |
John de J. Pemberton becomes Executive Director of the ACLU. |
| 1970 |
Aryeh Neier becomes Executive Director of the ACLU. |
| Jun 1978 |
Ruling in favor of the ACLU, the U.S. Supreme Court commands that the predominantly Jewish city of Skokie, Illinois allow the National Socialist Party of America to march down its streets. |
| 1978 |
Ira Glasser becomes Executive Director of the ACLU. |
| 25 Sep 1988 |
During one of the Presidential debates, Vice President George HW Bush paints his opponent, Massachusetts Governor Michael Dukakis, as practically un-American: "He said, 'I am a card-carrying member of the ACLU.' That was what he said. He is out there, on out of the mainstream." |
| 23 Sep 1991 |
ACLU Answers. Issue: Pornography "We support the prosecution of child pornographers under existing laws for the harm they inflict on children. But we believe government may not restrict the distribution of child pornography once it has been published." |
| 1997 |
Reno v. ACLU |
| 16 May 2000 |
After winning a $328 million wrongful death suit against the murderers of fifth-grader Jeffrey Curley, his parents file suit against NAMBLA for inciting the crime. The ACLU agrees to represent the organization, much to the dismay of almost everyone on Earth. |
| Dec 2000 |
Shirley Parraguirre, clerk of Clark County, Nevada, announces plans to require fingerprinting and police background checks of ministers performing wedding ceremonies. The proposal is rescinded after the ACLU points out that neither Jesus Christ nor Martin Luther King, Jr. would be allowed to marry people under the rules. |
| May 2001 |
Anthony D. Romero becomes ACLU Executive Director. |
| 8 Sep 2001 |
In an editorial, Bill O'Reilly claims that the ACLU supports the practice of pederasty because they defended NAMBLA in court. |
| 13 Sep 2001 |
During an exchange with Pat Robertson on the 700 Club, fellow televangelist Jerry Falwell declares that America's immorality is what caused the September 11th attacks on the World Trade Center:
| FALWELL: |
I really believe that the pagans, and the abortionists, and the feminists, and the gays and the lesbians who are actively trying to make that an alternative lifestyle, the ACLU, People For the American Way -- all of them who have tried to secularize America -- I point the finger in their face and say: "You helped this happen." |
| ROBERTSON: |
Well, I totally concur, and the problem is we have adopted that agenda at the highest levels of our government. And so we're responsible as a free society for what the top people do. And, the top people, of course, is the court system. |
| FALWELL: |
Pat, did you notice yesterday the ACLU and all the Christ-haters, People For the American Way, NOW, etc. were totally disregarded by the Democrats and the Republicans in both houses of Congress as they went out on the steps and called out on to God in prayer and sang "God Bless America" and said "let the ACLU be hanged". In other words, when the nation is on its knees, the only normal and natural and spiritual thing to do is what we ought to be doing all the time -- calling upon God. |
|
| 9 Jan 2004 |
On The Radio Factor, Bill O'Reilly makes a comparison to the Third Reich: “The ACLU is the most fascist organization I have seen in decades. They want to tell you how to live. They don’t want to abide by the Constitution. They want to go around the Constitution. They’re intellectual fascists, and they use the courts as their Panzer divisions.” |
| 12 May 2004 |
The ACLU announces a settlement with Stevenson High School in Sterling Heights, Michigan. The school had omitted valedictorian Abby Moler's submission for the 2001 yearbook because it contained a quote from the Bible (Jeremiah 29:11). The Michigan chapter of the ACLU sued the school on behalf of Moler, claiming that they violated her right to free speech. The school ultimately agreed not to censor yearbook submissions on the basis of religious or political speech. |
| 31 May 2004 |
In an interview with Time magazine, Rush Limbaugh declares himself a longtime fan of the ACLU after they filed an amicus brief on his behalf in his prescription drug case: "In a situation like this, I think it's safe to say I welcome its support, and I don't find it hypocritical at all, because I am not anti-ACLU. If the ACLU wants to go after, say, nativity scenes or this sort of thing, I may take issue, but there are other areas where I've supported things it has done." |
War Against the Nativity Creche
| 1989 |
Ruling in favor of the ACLU, the U.S. Supreme Court forbids Allegheny County, Pennsylvania from reinstating its nativity scene at the county courthouse. |
| 25 Sep 1998 |
Ruling in favor of the ACLU, a federal judge forbids the town of Florissant, Missouri from reinstating its nativity scene in front of the Civic Center. |
| 30 Nov 1998 |
Ruling in favor of the ACLU, a federal judge declares that the town of Somerset, Massachusetts must remove its nativity scene from a public lawn. |
| 12 Oct 2000 |
In a settlement with the ACLU, officials of Custer County, Montana agree to remove its nativity scene from a public property. |
Pornopolis |
Rotten |
Faces of Death |
Famous Nudes
|


1.to have a tap in each house.
2.to have trucks of water transporting water.
3.to have big containers for storing water.
4.to have boreholes dug for water.


Notes 8.3.1
Logical Communication - From an application's perspective, hosts are directly connected.
Application message -> segment
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - reliable, connection-oriented service
UDP (User Datagram Protocol) - unreliable, connectionless service
IP (Internet Protocol) is a best-effort delivery service - It makes its "best effort" to deliver segments, but offers no guarantee.
IP is said to be an unreliable service.
transport-layer multiplexing and demultiplexing - Extending host-to-host delivery to process-to-process delivery.
TCP offers reliable data transfer and congestion control.
Congestion Control - prevents any one connection from swamping the links and routers between hosts.
A process may have more than one socket.
socket - where data passes from process to network
well-known port numbers - ports 0-1023.
UDP
- Does as little as possible.
- No Handshaking - connectionless
- Useful for applications that are okay with data loss
- Small packet overhead
- There is a checksum
end-end principle - error detection on end-to-end basis.


The Google Geocoding API
Geocoding is the process of converting addresses (like “1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA”) into geographic coordinates (like latitude 37.423021 and longitude -122.083739), which you can use to place markers or position the map.
Reverse geocoding is the process of converting geographic coordinates into a human-readable address.
Geocoding Requests
A Geocoding API request must be of the following form:
http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/output?parameters
where output may be either of the following values:
- json (recommended) indicates output in JavaScript Object Notation
- xml indicates output as XML
To access the Geocoding API over HTTPS, use:
https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/output?parameters
Required parameters
address - The address that you want to geocode.
latlng - The textual latitude/longitude value for which you wish to obtain the closest, human-readable address. See Reverse Geocoding for more information.
components - A component filter for which you wish to obtain a geocode. See Component Filtering for more information. The components filter will also be accepted as an optional parameter if an address is provided.
sensor - Indicates whether or not the geocoding request comes from a device with a location sensor. This value must be either true or false.
Optional parameters
bounds - The bounding box of the viewport within which to bias geocode results more prominently. This parameter will only influence, not fully restrict, results from the geocoder. (For more information see Viewport Biasing below.)
language - The language in which to return results. See the list of supported domain languages. Note that we often update supported languages so this list may not be exhaustive. If language is not supplied, the geocoder will attempt to use the native language of the domain from which the request is sent wherever possible.
region - The region code, specified as a ccTLD (“top-level domain”) two-character value. This parameter will only influence, not fully restrict, results from the geocoder. (For more information see Region Biasing below.)
| components - The component filters, separated by a pipe ( | ). Each component filter consists of a component:value pair and will fully restrict the results from the geocoder. For more information see Component Filtering, below. |
Geocoding Responses
Geocoding responses are returned in the format indicated by the output flag within the URL request’s path.
JSON Output Formats
In this example, the Geocoding API requests a json response for a query on “1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA”:
http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=1600+Amphitheatre+Parkway,+Mountain+View,+CA&sensor=true_or_false
We’ve left the sensor parameter in this example as a variable true_or_false to emphasize that you must set this value to either true or false explicitly.
The JSON returned by this request is shown below. Note that actual JSON may contain less whitespace. You should not make assumptions about the amount or format of whitespace between requests.
{
{
"results" : [
{
"address_components" : [
{
"long_name" : "1600",
"short_name" : "1600",
"types" : [ "street_number" ]
},
{
"long_name" : "Amphitheatre Pkwy",
"short_name" : "Amphitheatre Pkwy",
"types" : [ "route" ]
},
{
"long_name" : "Mountain View",
"short_name" : "Mountain View",
"types" : [ "locality", "political" ]
},
{
"long_name" : "Santa Clara",
"short_name" : "Santa Clara",
"types" : [ "administrative_area_level_2", "political" ]
},
{
"long_name" : "California",
"short_name" : "CA",
"types" : [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political" ]
},
{
"long_name" : "United States",
"short_name" : "US",
"types" : [ "country", "political" ]
},
{
"long_name" : "94043",
"short_name" : "94043",
"types" : [ "postal_code" ]
}
],
"formatted_address" : "1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA",
"geometry" : {
"location" : {
"lat" : 37.42291810,
"lng" : -122.08542120
},
"location_type" : "ROOFTOP",
"viewport" : {
"northeast" : {
"lat" : 37.42426708029149,
"lng" : -122.0840722197085
},
"southwest" : {
"lat" : 37.42156911970850,
"lng" : -122.0867701802915
}
}
},
"types" : [ "street_address" ]
}
],
"status" : "OK"
}
XML Output Formats
In this example, the Geocoding API requests an xml response for the identical query shown above for “1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA”:
http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/xml?address=1600+Amphitheatre+Parkway,+Mountain+View,+CA&sensor=true_or_false
The XML returned by this request is shown below.
<GeocodeResponse>
<status>OK</status>
<result>
<type>street_address</type>
<formatted_address>1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA</formatted_address>
<address_component>
<long_name>1600</long_name>
<short_name>1600</short_name>
<type>street_number</type>
</address_component>
<address_component>
<long_name>Amphitheatre Pkwy</long_name>
<short_name>Amphitheatre Pkwy</short_name>
<type>route</type>
</address_component>
<address_component>
<long_name>Mountain View</long_name>
<short_name>Mountain View</short_name>
<type>locality</type>
<type>political</type>
</address_component>
<address_component>
<long_name>San Jose</long_name>
<short_name>San Jose</short_name>
<type>administrative_area_level_3</type>
<type>political</type>
</address_component>
<address_component>
<long_name>Santa Clara</long_name>
<short_name>Santa Clara</short_name>
<type>administrative_area_level_2</type>
<type>political</type>
</address_component>
<address_component>
<long_name>California</long_name>
<short_name>CA</short_name>
<type>administrative_area_level_1</type>
<type>political</type>
</address_component>
<address_component>
<long_name>United States</long_name>
<short_name>US</short_name>
<type>country</type>
<type>political</type>
</address_component>
<address_component>
<long_name>94043</long_name>
<short_name>94043</short_name>
<type>postal_code</type>
</address_component>
<geometry>
<location>
<lat>37.4217550</lat>
<lng>-122.0846330</lng>
</location>
<location_type>ROOFTOP</location_type>
<viewport>
<southwest>
<lat>37.4188514</lat>
<lng>-122.0874526</lng>
</southwest>
<northeast>
<lat>37.4251466</lat>
<lng>-122.0811574</lng>
</northeast>
</viewport>
</geometry>
</result>
</GeocodeResponse>
Reverse Geocoding (Address Lookup)
The term geocoding generally refers to translating a human-readable address into a location on a map. The process of doing the converse, translating a location on the map into a human-readable address, is known as reverse geocoding.
The Geocoding API supports reverse geocoding directly using the latlng parameter. For example, the following query contains the latitude/longitude value for a location in Brooklyn:
http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?latlng=40.714224,-73.961452&sensor=true_or_false
This query returns the following result:
{
"status": "OK",
"results": [ {
"types": street_address,
"formatted_address": "275-291 Bedford Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11211, USA",
"address_components": [ {
"long_name": "275-291",
"short_name": "275-291",
"types": street_number
}, {
"long_name": "Bedford Ave",
"short_name": "Bedford Ave",
"types": route
}, {
"long_name": "New York",
"short_name": "New York",
"types": [ "locality", "political" ]
}, {
"long_name": "Brooklyn",
"short_name": "Brooklyn",
"types": [ "administrative_area_level_3", "political" ]
}, {
"long_name": "Kings",
"short_name": "Kings",
"types": [ "administrative_area_level_2", "political" ]
}, {
"long_name": "New York",
"short_name": "NY",
"types": [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political" ]
}, {
"long_name": "United States",
"short_name": "US",
"types": [ "country", "political" ]
}, {
"long_name": "11211",
"short_name": "11211",
"types": postal_code
} ],
"geometry": {
"location": {
"lat": 40.7142298,
"lng": -73.9614669
},
"location_type": "RANGE_INTERPOLATED",
"viewport": {
"southwest": {
"lat": 40.7110822,
"lng": -73.9646145
},
"northeast": {
"lat": 40.7173774,
"lng": -73.9583193
}
}
}
},
... Additional results[] ...
Note that the reverse geocoder returned more than one result. The result’s “formatted_addresses” are not just postal addresses, but any way to geographically name a location. For example, when geocoding a point in the city of Chicago, the geocoded point may be denoted as a street address, as the city (Chicago), as its state (Illinois) or as a country (The United States). All are “addresses” to the geocoder. The reverse geocoder returns any of these types as valid results.
The reverse geocoder matches political entities (countries, provinces, cities and neighborhoods), street addresses, and postal codes.
The full list of formatted_address values returned by the previous query are shown below.
"formatted_address": "275-291 Bedford Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11211, USA",
"formatted_address": "Williamsburg, NY, USA",
"formatted_address": "New York 11211, USA",
"formatted_address": "Kings, New York, USA",
"formatted_address": "Brooklyn, NY, USA",
"formatted_address": "New York, NY, USA",
"formatted_address": "New York, USA",
"formatted_address": "United States"
Region Biasing
The Google Geocoding API returns address results influenced by the region (typically the country) from which the request is sent. For example, searches for “San Francisco” may return different results if sent from a domain within the United States than one sent from Spain.
You can set the Geocoding API to return results biased to a particular region using the region parameter. This parameter takes a ccTLD (country code top-level domain) argument specifying the region bias. Most ccTLD codes are identical to ISO 3166-1 codes, with some notable exceptions. For example, the United Kingdom’s ccTLD is “uk” (.co.uk) while its ISO 3166-1 code is “gb” (technically for the entity of “The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”).
Geocoding results can be biased for every domain in which the main Google Maps application is officially launched. Note that biasing only prefers results for a specific domain; if more relevant results exist outside of this domain, they may be included.
For example, a geocode for “Toledo” returns this result, as the default domain for the Geocoding API is set to the United States:
http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=Toledo&sensor=false
# Returns:
#
{
"status": "OK",
"results": [ {
"types": [ "locality", "political" ],
"formatted_address": "Toledo, OH, USA",
"address_components": [ {
"long_name": "Toledo",
"short_name": "Toledo",
"types": [ "locality", "political" ]
}, {
"long_name": "Ohio",
"short_name": "OH",
"types": [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political" ]
}, {
"long_name": "United States",
"short_name": "US",
"types": [ "country", "political" ]
} ],
"geometry": {
"location": {
"lat": 41.6529200,
"lng": -83.5777820
},
"location_type": "APPROXIMATE",
"viewport": {
"southwest": {
"lat": 41.5861889,
"lng": -83.7058414
},
"northeast": {
"lat": 41.7195821,
"lng": -83.4497226
}
},
"bounds": {
"southwest": {
"lat": 41.5803170,
"lng": -83.6947540
},
"northeast": {
"lat": 41.7326310,
"lng": -83.4545660
}
}
}
} ]
}
However, a geocode for “Toledo” with region=es (Spain) will return the Spanish city.
Component Filtering
| The Google Geocoding API can return address results restricted to a specific area. The restriction is specified using the components filter. A filter consists of a list of component:value pairs separated by a pipe ( | ). Only the results that match all the filters will be returned. Filter values support the same methods of spelling correction and partial matching as other geocoding requests. If a geocoding result is a partial match for a component filter it will contain a partial_match field in the response. |
The components that can be filtered include:
- route matches long or short name of a route.
- locality matches against both locality and sublocality types.
- administrative_area matches all the administrative_area levels.
- postal_code matches postal_code and postal_code_prefix.
- country matches a country name or a two letter ISO 3166-1 country code.
A geocode for “Santa Cruz” with components=country:ES will return Santa Cruz de Tenerife in Canary Islands, Spain.


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