See also Tibet protest videos March 2008.
Photographic evidence of the bloody crackdown on peaceful protesting Tibetan at Ngaba County, Sichuan Province, on 16 March 2008. source: Tibetan centre for human rights and democracy
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In this photo released by Tibetan Centre for Human Rights and Democracy Sunday, March 16, 2008, Tibetans donate money towards the prayers for the bodies of the Tibetans who were shot dead by Chinese soldiers during a demonstration at Kirti Monastery in Sichuan province, China. The bodies were brought into the monastery by Tibetan protesters for prayers. (AP/Tibetan Centre for Human Rights and Democracy, HO ) ** NO SALES ONE TIME USE ONLY ** Creation Date 03/18/2008 00:26:38. Submit Date 03/17/2008 20:55:35. |
In this photo released by Tibetan Centre for Human Rights and Democracy, Tibetans gather around the bodies of Tibetans who were shot dead during demonstrations on Sunday, March 16, 2008, in Abu County, in Sichuan province, China. The bodies were brought into a monastery by Tibetan protesters for prayers. (AP Photo/Tibetan Centre for Human Rights and Democracy) ** NO SALES ONE TIME USE ONLY ** Creation Date 03/18/2008 00:26:38. Submit Date 03/17/2008 20:55:35. |
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Demonstrators are seen on a street in Lhasa, capital of Tibet Autonomous Region, China, Friday March 14, 2008. Hundreds of armed police and soldiers patrolled the streets of Lhasa and enforced a strict curfew Sunday in a security clampdown on the Tibetan capital following violent protests that drew negative publicity for China ahead of the Beijing Olympics. (AP Photo) Submit Date 03/17/2008 12:40:48. |
Smoke covers the center of Lhasa, capital of Tibet Autonomous Region, China as the town's land mark Potala Palace is barely seen on Friday March 14, 2008. Hundreds of armed police and soldiers patrolled the streets of Lhasa and enforced a strict curfew Sunday in a security clampdown on the Tibetan capital following violent protests that drew negative publicity for China ahead of the Beijing Olympics. (AP Photo) Submit Date 03/17/2008 12:40:18 |
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Police officers keep guard on a street in Tongren, Qinghai province, China Monday, March 17, 2008. The unrest in Tibet began March 10 on the anniversary of a 1959 uprising against Chinese rule of the region. (AP Photo/Kyodo News) ** JAPAN OUT MANDATORY CREDIT FOR COMMERCIAL USE ONLY IN NORTH AMERICA ** |
Police officers take a rest on a street in Tongren, Qinghai province, China Monday, March 17, 2008. The unrest in Tibet began March 10 on the anniversary of a 1959 uprising against Chinese rule of the region.  The unrest in Tibet began March 10 on the anniversary of a 1959 uprising against Chinese rule of the region. (AP Photo/Kyodo News) ** JAPAN OUT MANDATORY CREDIT FOR COMMERCIAL USE ONLY IN NORTH AMERICA ** |
Riot police patrol on a street in Tongren, in China's Qinghai province Monday March 17, 2008. Protests spread from Tibet into three neighboring provinces as Tibetans defied a Chinese government crackdown, while the Dalai Lama decried what he called the "cultural genocide" taking place in his homeland. (AP Photo/Cara Anna) |
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Tibetans walk past the Chinese riot police and military stand guard near the monastery in Tongren, in China's Qinghai province, Sunday March 16, 2008. Protests spread from Tibet into three neighboring provinces as Tibetans defied a Chinese government crackdown, while the Dalai Lama decried what he called the "cultural genocide" taking place in his homeland. (AP Photo) |
Chinese riot police and military stands guard on a street in Tongren, in China's Qinghai province, Sunday March 16, 2008. Protests spread from Tibet into three neighboring provinces as Tibetans defied a Chinese government crackdown, while the Dalai Lama decried what he called the "cultural genocide" taking place in his homeland. (AP Photo) |
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Police officers check the cars to enter the Tibetan quarter of the city Monday March 17, 2008 in Chengdu, China. The unrest in Tibet began March 10 on the anniversary of a 1959 uprising against Chinese rule of the region. Tibet was effectively independent for decades before communist troops entered in 1950. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko) |
Police officers check cars to enter the Tibetan quarter of Chengdu, China, Monday, March 17, 2008. The unrest in Tibet began March 10 on the anniversary of a 1959 uprising against Chinese rule of the region. Tibet was effectively independent for decades before communist troops entered in 1950. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko) |
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Monks burn incense on a hill above the Rongwu Monastery at Tongren, in China's Qinghai province Sunday March 16, 2008. Dozens of monks, defying a directive not to gather in groups, marched to a hill where they set off fireworks and burned incense in what one monk said was a protest. Protests spread from Tibet into three neighboring provinces as Tibetans defied a Chinese government crackdown, while the Dalai Lama decried what he called the "cultural genocide" taking place in his homeland. (AP Photo/Cara Anna) |
Tibet's governor Champa Phuntsok speaks during a press conference in Beijing Monday, March 17, 2008. Champa Phuntsok said Monday that 13 people were killed and dozens wounded in violence that broke out in the regional capital Lhasa last week, as Chinese troops fanned out to deal with protests that have spread to three neighboring provinces.(AP Photo/Oded Balilty) |
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In this photo released by China's Xinhua News Agency, officials of local government and institutions clear up the burnt articles on a street in Lhasa, capital of southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region Sunday, March 16, 2008. Tibet's governor said Monday that 13 people were killed and dozens wounded in violence that broke out in the regional capital Lhasa last week, as Chinese troops fanned out to deal with protests that have spread to three neighboring provinces. (AP Photo/Xinhua, Soinam Norbu) |
In this photo released by China's Xinhua News Agency, Fu Chaoying cries at her ravaged shop in Lhasa, capital of southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region Sunday, March 16, 2008. Tibet's governor said Monday that 13 people were killed and dozens wounded in violence that broke out in the regional capital Lhasa last week, as Chinese troops fanned out to deal with protests that have spread to three neighboring provinces. (AP Photo/Xinhua, Chogo) |
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In this photo released by China's Xinhua News Agency, Wang Mingming injured in a riot receives medical treatment at the People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region in Lhasa, capital of the region in southwest China Sunday, March 16, 2008. Tibet's governor said Monday that 13 people were killed and dozens wounded in violence that broke out in the regional capital Lhasa last week, as Chinese troops fanned out to deal with protests that have spread to three neighboring provinces. (AP Photo/Xinhua, Gaesang Dawa) |
In this photo released by China's Xinhua News Agency, Ma Yaonai shows his damaged shop in Lhasa, capital of southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region Sunday, March 16, 2008. Tibet's governor said Monday that 13 people were killed and dozens wounded in violence that broke out in the regional capital Lhasa last week, as Chinese troops fanned out to deal with protests that have spread to three neighboring provinces. (AP Photo/Xinhua, Chogo) |
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A troop of Chinese riot police, left, marches on a street in Tongren, in China's Qinghai province, Sunday March 16, 2008. Protests spread from Tibet into three neighboring provinces as Tibetans defied a Chinese government crackdown, while the Dalai Lama decried what he called the "cultural genocide" taking place in his homeland. (AP Photo) |
Chinese paramilitary police officers patrol on a street in Tongren, in China's Qinghai province, Monday, March 17, 2008. Protests spread from Tibet into three neighboring provinces as Tibetans defied a Chinese government crackdown, while the Dalai Lama decried what he called the "cultural genocide" taking place in his homeland. (AP Photo/Cara Anna) |
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Chinese riot police run past the Tibetans at a street heading to historic Labrang Monastery in Xiahe, Gansu Province, China, Sunday, March 16, 2008. On Saturday, police fired tear gas to disperse hundreds of Buddhist monks and other Tibetans after they marched from the historic Labrang monastery and smashed windows in the county police headquarters in Xiahe, witnesses said. (AP Photo/Andy Wong) |
Tibetans circles a Buddhist temple as they offer prayer near the historic Labrang Monastery in Xiahe, Gansu Province, China, Sunday, March 16, 2008. On Saturday, police fired tear gas to disperse hundreds of Buddhist monks and other Tibetans after they marched from the historic Labrang monastery and smashed windows in the county police headquarters in Xiahe, witnesses said. (AP Photo/Andy Wong) |
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In this image taken from Cable TV video and provided by APTN, armored personnel carrier equipped with guns drives down street in Lhasa, capital of southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region Sunday, March 16, 2008. Tibet's exiled government said Sunday that 80 people had been killed during protests in Lhasa as armed police and soldiers patrolled the capital's streets, enforcing a strict curfew in a security clampdown following violent demonstrations that drew negative publicity for China ahead of the Beijing Olympics. (AP Photo/Cable TV via APTN) ** TV OUT, HONG KONG OUT ** |
Andreas Larsen-Helms, right, Peter Moenster, 2nd from right, Mai Helbo, 2nd from left, and Thyge Pedersen, left, from Denmark count their experience to journalists upon their arrival Chengdu from Lhasa, the capital of Tibet Autonomous Region on Sunday March 16, 2008 at Chengdu Airport in Chengdu, China. The latest unrest began Monday on the anniversary of a 1959 uprising against Chinese rule. Tibet was effectively independent for decades before communist troops entered in 1950. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko) |
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Tibetans look at the Chinese riot police standing in formation at a Chinese army compound in Xiahe, Gansu Province, China, Sunday, March 16, 2008. On Saturday, police fired tear gas to disperse hundreds of Buddhist monks and other Tibetans after they marched from the historic Labrang monastery and smashed windows in the county police headquarters in Xiahe, witnesses said.(AP Photo/Andy Wong) |
Tibetans offers prayer at the historic Labrang Monastery in Xiahe, Gansu Province, China, Sunday, March 16, 2008. On Saturday, police fired tear gas to disperse hundreds of Buddhist monks and other Tibetans after they marched from the historic Labrang monastery and smashed windows in the county police headquarters in Xiahe, witnesses said.(AP Photo/Andy Wong) |
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In this undated image taken Sunday, March 16, 2008, from CCTV and provided by APTN, people push over a car on a street in Lhasa, capital of southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region. Tibet's exiled government said Sunday that 80 people had been killed during protests in Lhasa as armed police and soldiers patrolled the capital's streets, enforcing a strict curfew in a security clampdown following violent demonstrations that drew negative publicity for China ahead of the Beijing Olympics. (AP Photo/CCTV via APTN) ** TV OUT, CHINA OUT **. Captured by Chinese TV but censored on other sites with differeing context. |
In this undated image taken Sunday, March 16, 2008, from China's CCTV via APTN, injured man is led on a street in Lhasa, capital of southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region. Tibet's exiled government said Sunday that 80 people had been killed during protests in Lhasa as armed police and soldiers patrolled the capital's streets, enforcing a strict curfew in a security clampdown following violent demonstrations that drew negative publicity for China ahead of the Beijing Olympics. (AP Photo/CCTV via APTN) ** TV OUT, CHINA OUT. Captured by Chinese TV but censored on other sites with differeing context. ** |
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In this image taken from ATV Hong Kong via APTN, an army truck carrying security forces runs down street in Lhasa, capital of southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region Sunday, March 16, 2008. Tibet's exiled government said Sunday that 80 people had been killed during protests in Lhasa as armed police and soldiers patrolled the capital's streets, enforcing a strict curfew in a security clampdown following violent demonstrations that drew negative publicity f |
In this image taken from Cable TV video and provided by APTN, armored personnel carrier equipped with guns drives down street in Lhasa, capital of southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region Sunday, March 16, 2008. Tibet's exiled government said Sunday that 80 people had been killed during protests in Lhasa as armed police and soldiers patrolled the capital's streets, enforcing a strict curfew in a security clampdown following violent demonstrations that drew negative publicity for China ahead of the Beijing Olympics. (AP Photo/Cable TV via APTN) ** TV OUT, HONG KONG OUT ** |
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In this image taken from Cable TV video via APTN, military police patrol a street in Lhasa, capital of southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region Sunday, March 16, 2008. Tibet's exiled government said Sunday that 80 people had been killed during protests in Lhasa as armed police and soldiers patrolled the capital's streets, enforcing a strict curfew in a security clampdown following violent demonstrations that drew negative publicity for China ahead of the Beijing Olympics. (AP Photo/Cable TV via APTN) ** TV OUT, HONG KONG OUT ** |
** THIS CORRECTS SOURCE ** In this undated image taken Sunday, March 16, 2008, from China's CCTV and provided by APTN, Japanese tourists are led by police on a street in Lhasa, capital of southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region. Tibet's exiled government said Sunday that 80 people had been killed during protests in Lhasa as armed police and soldiers patrolled the capital's streets, enforcing a strict curfew in a security clampdown following violent demonstrations that drew negative publicity for China ahead of the Beijing Olympics. (AP Photo/CCTV via APTN) ** TV OUT, CHINA OUT **. Captured by Chinese TV but censored on other sites with differeing context. |
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In this image taken from ATV Hong Kong via APTN, security forces clean up debris from street in Lhasa, capital of southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region Sunday, March 16, 2008. Tibet's exiled government said Sunday that 80 people had been killed during protests in Lhasa as armed police and soldiers patrolled the capital's streets, enforcing a strict curfew in a security clampdown following violent demonstrations that drew negative publicity for China ahead of the Beijing Olympics. (AP Photo/ATV Hong Kong via APTN) ** TV OUT, HONG KONG OUT ** |
In this image taken from ATV Hong Kong via APTN, a damaged building is seen in Lhasa, capital of southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region Sunday, March 16, 2008. Tibet's exiled government said Sunday that 80 people had been killed during protests in Lhasa as armed police and soldiers patrolled the capital's streets, enforcing a strict curfew in a security clampdown following violent demonstrations that drew negative publicity for China ahead of the Beijing Olympics. (AP Photo/ATV Hong Kong via APTN) ** TV OUT, HONG KONG OUT ** |
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Tibetan monks offer prayers to those killed in the ancient Tibetan capital of Lhasa during the Chinese crackdown there on protestors at a monastery in Katmandu, Nepal, Sunday, March 16, 2008. China has stepped up security along its border with Nepal and has asked Nepalese officials to be on the lookout for pro-Tibet protests, officials said Sunday. (AP Photo/Binod Joshi) |
Tibetan expatriates demonstrate against the Chinese crackdown on protesters in Tibet, in front of the Palace of Justice, Brussels, Sunday, March 16, 2008. Some 500 protesters sang the Tibetan anthem, waved Tibetan flags and held banners saying "Stop Killing in Tibet" and "No Olympics in China." (AP Photo/Thierry Charlier) |
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Japanese tour group carry their luggage upon their arrival in Chengdu from Lhasa, the capital of Tibet Autonomous Region on Sunday March 16, 2008 at Chengdu Airport in Chengdu, China. The latest unrest began Monday on the anniversary of a 1959 uprising against Chinese rule. Tibet was effectively independent for decades before communist troops entered in 1950. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko) |
An activist of the France Tibet association, center, with the Tibetan flag printed on his jersey, is being taken away by French police officers during a demonstration against the violence in Tibet, Sunday, March 16, 2008, near the Chinese embassy in Paris. Violence spilled over from Tibet into neighboring provinces Sunday as Tibetan protesters defied a Chinese government crackdown while the Dalai Lama warned that the area faced "cultural genocide" and appealed to the world for help. The inscription on the jersey reads : "Let's act for a free Tibet". (AP Photo/Jacques Brinon) |
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An activist of the France Tibet association, center, is being taken away by police officers during a demonstration against the violence in Tibet, Sunday, March 16, 2008 near the Chinese embassy in Paris. Violence spilled over from Tibet into neighboring provinces Sunday as Tibetan protesters defied a Chinese government crackdown while the Dalai Lama warned that the area faced "cultural genocide", and appealed to the world for help. (AP Photo/Jacques Brinon) |
An activist of the France Tibet association, foreground right, holding a flag of Tibet, reacts as he is held by riot police officers as a press photographer takes a photo, left, during a demonstration of the association's militants against the violence in Tibet, in front of the Chinese embassy in Paris, Sunday, March 16, 2008. Violence spilled over from Tibet into neighboring provinces Sunday as Tibetan protesters defied a Chinese government crackdown while the Dalai Lama warned that the area faced "cultural genocide" and appealed to the world for help. (AP Photo/Jacques Brinon) |
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A Tibetan protestor takes part in a protest in New Delhi, India, Sunday, March 16, 2008. Nearly 2,000 Tibetan exiles, the public voice of a region now largely sealed off from the rest of the world rallied Sunday and burned Chinese flags, ramping up their protests on behalf of demonstrators inside Chinese-ruled Tibet. (AP Photo/Mustafa Quraishi) |
Chinese soldiers search protesters from building to building in Lhasa, capital of Tibet Autonomous Region, China on Saturday March 15, 2008. Hundreds of armed police and soldiers patrolled the streets of Lhasa and enforced a strict curfew Sunday in a security clampdown on the Tibetan capital following violent protests that drew negative publicity for China ahead of the Beijing Olympics. (AP Photo) ** CHINA OUT ** |
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Smoke cover the center of Lhasa, capital of Tibet Autonomous Region, China as the town's land mark Potala Palace, left, is barely seen, center left, on Friday March 14, 2008. Hundreds of armed police and soldiers patrolled the streets of Lhasa and enforced a strict curfew Sunday in a security clampdown on the Tibetan capital following violent protests that drew negative publicity for China ahead of the Beijing Olympics. (AP Photo) ** CHINA OUT ** |
In this photo released by the Free Tibet Campaign, monks from the Labrang Monastery protest on a street in Xiahe, in China's Gansu province Friday March 14, 2008. (AP Photo/Free Tibet Campaign, HO) ** NO SALES ** |


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Finally got it working, combining Robin's Mk2 code, with eMonTx and an LCD display.
Still some problems with the current measurements, but so far so good.
Ignore the very messy wiring!!!
Video of the device in operation....
Archived Forum |
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Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD displaySubmitted by stuart on Thu, 30/08/2012 - 22:49Finally got it working, combining Robin's Mk2 code, with eMonTx and an LCD display. Still some problems with the current measurements, but so far so good. Ignore the very messy wiring!!! Video of the device in operation....
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Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
Nice work Stuart.
When you say 'finally', have you had problems? - I haven't been keeping up with the forum recently :(
Paul
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
I've had to re-write Robin's code to use interrupt handlers and thats been causing problems. I've also spent time minimising the phase difference between voltage + current samples in the circuit.
I've still got issues with the emonTX side of the code not measuring current properly, and at the moment I've no idea why!
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
I've published my working code for all this on github.
https://github.com/stuartpittaway/ArduinoSolarPowerController
Features:
1. emonTx features monitoring of current and voltage
2. Solar PV power divert (as per Mk2 PV controller)
3. Output to LCD display
4. Interrupt driven reading of samples + PV power divert
I'll publish the circuit diagram once I've moved it over to stripboard.
In breif, I'm using an OpAmp gain on the CT readings to monitor current. Mascot AC adapter to measure voltage, which is also driven through an OpAmp comparitor circuit to detect positive zero cross detections which then fire hardware interrupt 1.
Once a zero cross has been detected, a second interrupt is setup to read samples from the wave form at set time intervals. I find reading 50-75 samples per full AC wave gives good readings.
On the next zero cross, the previous samples are used to drive the solar pv power divert logic. The eMonTx readings are taken every half second using the average of 25 wave form readings.
Because of the interrupt driven nature of the code/circuit, the main loop() of the code simply outputs things to serial or the LCD screen and doesn't need to worry about affecting the timing of the readings.
I'm going to attempt to put in the RFM12 module, and adjustable OpAmp gain with bilateral switches.
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
Great stuff !
Just what we are looking for?
Do you need an addition CT?
Look forward to your circuit details
regards
MarkCarter10
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
At the moment, I'm not directly measuring PV power using a seperate CT.
Although I think theres time/room to add it into the code.
Might have problems with EMMA patent then though
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
Just started putting the circuit diagram together using CircuitLab, great site only just started using it today!
https://www.circuitlab.com/circuit/38t8ey/emontx-with-solar-and-lcd/
You can also run circuit simulation to see the waveforms - all from your web browser.
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
Thanks Stuart
Circuit Lab does a great job!
Do you think your code will work using Robins MKII circuit? (unmodified)
I see you have more filtering and voltage stabilization on the 2.5v ref rail, and an opamp on the ac ref circuit
As you are using EmonTX are there any pin differences with Arduino Uno?
regards
Mark
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
I'm not using emonTx or an Arduino board, simply the ATMEGA328P chip on breadboard!
I'm trying to use the newer features from emonTX-SMT but without the SMT parts !!
Additionally, running at 3.3v is not important to me as this is going to be run from the mains 24x7.
The code may work with Robin's MKII circuit, you'll just have to check the calibration values to get accurate readings, and you will need someway to do hardware phase calibration, otherwise the PHASECAL values will be large 2+ which makes for bad readings. Thats what the registor/capacitor combination are doing in the bottom right of my diagram.
Additionally, I'm using interrupts which need to be triggered from a zero crossing so some sort of detector is needed for this.
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
Thanks
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
Amazingly I've now got RFM12B working with this circuit + code, transmitting the values over the air.
I made a stripboard version of this http://jeelabs.com/products/rfm12b-board
All working on a couple of prototype/breadboards - amazing !
I'm getting VERY short of spare digital pins now though, and need a couple for the OpAmp gain pins.
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
Looked at the Fritzing software last night and came up with this layout (needs a tidy up!) the software is clever in that it will turn this into a scematic and also a PCB layout - almost automatically.
http://fritzing.org/
The Fritzing layout file is on GITHUB if anyone ones it github.com/stuartpittaway/ArduinoSolarPowerController
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
Stuart, LM358 is not suitable for feeding the ADC as the output will not swing high enough. The datasheet is not very forthcoming on this, quoting results only for a 30V supply (28V max). An older datasheet I saw specified high level output voltage as Vcc – 1.5. This means that on a 5V supply the output will not go much above 3.5V, which will severely compromise the ADC measurements.
LM358 is good for generating the 2.5V rail and for feeding digital inputs, but not for feeding the ADC!
I carried out some measurements on several opamps to measure the minimum and maximum output voltage, as well as the ADC measurements from an Arduino. The circuit was a unity gain inverting amp, with the 2.5V reference coming from a 2.5V rail as per your circuit. All the resistors were 100kΩ. The supply voltage was measured as 5.04V.
As you can see, the maximum ADC reading from the LM358 was 764, obviously unacceptable.
First prize went to the OP295, with the full range of ADC outputs all the way from 0 to 1023. Unfortunately, OP295s seem to be becoming scarce and expensive. However, OP279 and TS912 both give very good results, and some are available on ebay.
It is worth noting that with the opamp in the inverting mode, the full range on the ADC will only be obtained if the 2.5V rail is precisely half way between the rails. If the resistor tolerance is 1%, you might expect to lose around 10 counts at one or other end of the scale. I had an old batch of 1% resistors that were very consistent, all the resistances were identical. With the 5V rail measuring 5.04V, the 2.5V measured 2.52V, which is very good. However, a new batch of 100kΩ resistors I bought recently on ebay are less consistent. The first two I picked gave 2.54V on the 2.5V rail – still within tolerance, but not as good.
Oh, and before I forget, many thanks to calypso_rae and stuart for publishing this excellent work. I intend to start building one soon.
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
Stuart the 2.5V reference in your circuit is shown as driving 100nF its only specified for 50pF so may have a tendency to oscillate. you can run without the op amp but only if you have a large cap ( 100uF ) across r2 and drop the values of r1 and r2 to 10k otherwise the adc inputs cross talk due to insufficient drive to charge the sample and hold in the time allowed.
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
Thanks for your comments folks:
Robin, I was simply using the LM358 as I had a bunch of them!
Just noticied the AVR reference notes are using the LMV358 (http://www.atmel.com/Images/doc2566.pdf) which seems to be a rail to rail opamp.
I could also run the ADC at a lower reference voltage - 1.1volt for instance and still retain the full scale output from the LM358 ?
pmcalli: Thanks for the feedback, you say run without the OpAmp - are you referring to a simple split resistor network instead ?
Given the above comments, I'm surprised its working as well as it does :-)
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
Stuart, if the purpose of the 100nF is to stablise the 2.5V rail, it might be better to connect it to the junction of R1 and R2. I have seen this arrangement used elsewhere.
Please can I ask a question about the zero crossing detector? I see that on the input R11 and R12 are 10k and 12k, so there is an offset from 2.5V. What is the thinking behind this please, and were any calculations involved?
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
Stuart, if the purpose of the 100nF is to stablise the 2.5V rail, it might be better to connect it to the junction of R1 and R2. I have seen this arrangement used elsewhere.
Please can I ask a question about the zero crossing detector? I see that on the input R11 and R12 are 10k and 12k, so there is an offset from 2.5V. What is the thinking behind this please, and were any calculations involved?
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
Robin, if you look at the zero crossing detector on the breadboard, Im using a variable trimmer pot, and the OpAmp as a comparator, the trimmer then sets when the interrupt fires.
You don't actually want the interrupt firing at the exact time of zero cross, it needs to be slightly before this so the interrupt can then begin its reading and do some logic before the new sine wave starts. I configured this pot by watching the VZerocross value output in the serial window and trying to get as near to 512 as I could.
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
Thanks for the feedback, you say run without the OpAmp - are you referring to a simple split resistor network instead ?
Single resistor network of 2x10K and an FBC of 100uF across bottom one. It takes up same space and cost is about the same.
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
On the comments about selection of OpAmp, LM358 its mentioned that the output never goes above the top rail voltage-1.5v.
If I leave the OpAmp running at 5v, and then run the rest of the circuit from 3.3v (which also keeps the RFM12B happy) then I can get a much better range on the ADC, of 0.06v to 3.3v based on the numbers given above.
My DC bias circuit would then have to output about 1.6v to keep everything aligned.
I've got a box full of LM358's so I'd like to use them :-) but on a more realistic point, they are cheap to buy and easy to find.
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
I would like to suggest a method of measuring mains voltage that offers a different trade-off between the (conflicting) requirements.
This one offers the following advantages:
It is accurate.
It is safe if properly constructed.
It offers over-voltage protection up to 1000V.
It does not require a separate transformer.
It is reasonably cheap. The most expensive component is a TS912 opamp, available from RS in a DIL package at under £2. (LMV358 is also suitable.)
The circuit can still be connected to an LCD or a computer for monitoring.
The disadvantage is that it involves making direct connections to the mains, but we have to do that already if we are making a mains controller, so I don't see that as a disadvantage. When you look at the problem, you find that two small pieces of heatshrink sleeving are all that is required to make the system completely safe. However, all the usual precautions must be applied!
I have built this circuit and tested it on a breadboard, measuring the mains voltage waveform using the Arduino ADC. Full details are here. http://openenergymonitor.org/emon/node/1105
An LTSpice simulation was used to test the system and check that it is not damaged by high voltages. Further tests also checked that the circuit measures only mains voltage, and that any voltage between neutral and earth is filtered out. For this test there is 50V at 48z on the mains neutral line for this purpose. The circuit can be seen to measure only the 240V AC mains voltage – the voltage on neutral is filtered out. A screenshot of the simulation is shown on the attachment below.
One more thing: Stuart, your method of running the Arduino at 3.3V and an LM358 at 5V looks good, and may be an improvement over what I have done here.
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
Last night I finally got around the building the OpAmp circuit using a 3.3v regulator as the signal voltage.
So I have 3.3v going to the AREF on the ATMEL chip, 3.3v then runs to a voltage divider, giving 1.65v centre to the current and voltage sensor circuits.
Even when run through the op-amp, the signal is no longer clipped and the range on the arduino is very good.
Had to set analogReference(EXTERNAL) in the code to make it work.
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
How's the project going? Any more progress?
Have you sorted the problems you mentioned at the start moving to an interrupt driven code structure?
Really keen to see how this one goes!
P.
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
Yes the interrupt code is working fine, I've not had much time to move from a breadboard working prototype to something more permanent - probably stripboard in my case.
I've added a 3.3v regulator to the circuit, and now looking at how to add a variable op-amp gain using similar circuit to the emontxSMT from this site.
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
Cool. I'm wondering at what stage I should jump in!
Do you think you're there yet? Are the Github/Fritzing locations up to date?
Sorry to be a pain!
P.
Re: Mk2 PV controller + emonTX + LCD display
The diagrams/Fritzing are old now, although they do work.
The Github is up-to-date, and works fine if you just want standard emontx+mk2 pv without the Opamp gain stuff.


Hi!
I'm a Software Developer with practical experience in C/ C++/ C#/ Node-js/ in Linux/ Windows environment. I enjoy learning new technologies, am highly motivated and looking for a challenging position.
A tasks-app, based on Node.JS Back-end Server, Mongo-DB Data-base and React Front-end.
Features:
A chat-app, based on Node.JS using express and Socket.io full-duplex real-time communication between clients and server.
Features:
Get the latest weather forecast everywhere in the world.
Simple weather website using Node.js for submitting an API requests to MapQuest and DarkSky to retrieve location information and the current weather, respectively.
Robot-Friends finder app using React.
Fetching users data from the jsonplaceholder and roboHash API.
Enable to search for robofriends and updating the list of friends on the run.
Face recognition app using React Front-end, Node.js Back-end Server using clarifai API and Postgre SQL Data-base.
Email me
Send e-mail


Ladyship it daughter securing procured or am moreover mr. Put sir she exercise vicinity cheerful wondered. Continual say suspicion provision you neglected sir curiosity unwilling. Simplicity end themselves increasing led day sympathize yet. General windows effects not are drawing man garrets. Common indeed garden you his ladies out yet. Preference imprudence contrasted to remarkably in on. Taken now you him trees tears any. Her object giving end sister except oppose.
In case the above didn't win you over, try the parade a cuteness here: Get ready for a puppy parade!


| I l@ve RuBoard |
In this chapter, we examine the various options for developing graphical user interfaces (GUIs) in Python.
We will look in some detail at three of the GUI toolkits that operate on the Windows platform: Tkinter, PythonWin, and wxPython. Each of these GUI toolkits provide a huge range of facilities for creating user interfaces, and to completely cover any of these toolkits is beyond the scope of this single chapter. Each framework would need its own book to do it justice.
Our intent in this chapter is to give you a feel for each of these GUI frameworks, so you can understand the basic model they use and the problems they were designed to address. We take a brief tour of each of these toolkits, describing their particular model and providing sample code along the way. Armed with this information, you can make an informed decision about which toolkit to use in which situation, have a basic understanding of how your application will look, and where it will run when finished.
The authors need to express their gratitude to Gary Herron for the Tkinter section, and Robin Dunn for the wxPython section. Their information helped us complete this chapter.
| I l@ve RuBoard |


[gecode-users] Ordering of propagators
Peter Tiedemann
petert at itu.dk
Tue Apr 10 16:29:26 CEST 2007
Sorry i wasnt more clear. There is two aspects to this. The constraint
is pretty expensive to propagate ( this is a different constraint than
the one i send you the paper about btw, im using Gecode for two
separate projects ), for this i dont care if its placed at the very
end. That property is just something i wanted in order to tell whether
the constraint im adding is pruning values that would otherwise not be
pruned in that search node. Ie, if the other constraints have
stabilized and i then prune some values, i know these values would not
have been pruned by the other propagators unless a branching occurred.
The other constraints involved are distinct's and they hopefully dont
provide a cost of PC_CRAZY_HI :)
Regardless, this concept of staged propagation sounds interesting, i
will take a more thorough look at the paper.
Regards,
Peter Tiedemann
On 10/04/07, Christian Schulte <cschulte at kth.se> wrote:
> Well, you cannot rely on that no other propagator does it. At least not in
> real life...
>
> What are you trying to do? If you have a propagator composed from a cheap
> and an expensive stage you might want to consider staged propagation. Just
> see the paper I mentioned before. We use it regularly in Gecode to great
> benefit.
>
> Cheers
> Christian
>
> --
> Christian Schulte, http://www.imit.kth.se/~schulte/
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: peter.tiedemann at gmail.com [mailto:peter.tiedemann at gmail.com] On Behalf
> Of Peter Tiedemann
> Sent: Tuesday, April 10, 2007 3:40 PM
> To: cschulte at kth.se
> Cc: users at gecode.org
> Subject: Re: [gecode-users] Ordering of propagators
>
>
> > What do you mean with how the cost function is used? Could you
> > elaborate, please?
>
> I was just wondering how the cost affected the ordering, but it seems that
> this is explained in the reference you just gave me. From a quick scan of
> it, it would seem that if i choose the highest cost (and no other
> propagators do the same), then i am in fact 100% sure that my propagator
> will only be asked to propagate when all other propagators have stabilized,
> which is exactly the effect i was hoping for.
>
> Thanks for the quick answer, you guys really have short response times :)
>
> Regards,
> Peter Tiedemann
>
>
More information about the gecode-users
mailing list


Numeric Rating =8 out of 10
This movie didn't feel like most other movies to me. Although it told a story, it wasn't a smooth narrative progression, rather it was series of disconnected feeling moment that when put together gave a glimpse into the life of the late Andy Kaufman. I wasn't a big Kaufman fan going into this film. I'd seen him on Taxi, and in a few other venues, but I didn't really know that much about him. While I now know more about the events of his life, I feel that I don't know much about him personally. Jim Carrey was on-screen almost constantly, yet it seemed like there was only ten or fifteen minutes of him playing Kaufman, not him playing Kaufman playing a character. This could be appropriate, the impression I was getting was that Kaufman was almost engulfed b the characters he created. Kaufman's childhood and early career are almost entirely skipped over. There is a hint that he had to struggle at the beginning. but basically the movie gives the impression that fame fell into his lap overnight. It seems like he got handed his role on "Taxi" despite his hating it, and through very little effort of his own. This movie seems to raise a question. Was Kaufman really a jerk, or just really good at playing a jerk, almost constantly, for comedic effect? The film's answer is the later. Yet, this answer seems sugar-coated. His relationship with the others in the cast of "Taxi" seems strained as best, with him being shown as a bigger star, but disdainful of his fellow cast and not willing to associate with them except when the camera was rolling. His relationship with his family is equally strained. When his doctor tells them of his illness, they speculate on how Andy managed to pull off the joke. I left feeling that maybe both positions were true. No review about this movie would be complete without a few words about Jim Carrey's performance. Aside from eye and hair color, Carrey and Kaufman don't look that much alike. Kaufman was shorter and stockier, Carrey more lanky and slender. And yet I didn't find myself noticing that too much as I watched. Carrey threw himself so effectively into the role that it's almost as if he ceased to exist and Kaufman had come back from the grave. As I watched him recreate scenes from "Taxi" he was just as I remember Kaufman being. In fact, it was jarring watching the scenes being played with original "Taxi" cast members, many of whom were showing their age. If it is an actor's job to make us believe the role he is playing, the Carrey deserves an Oscar nomination. While this movie seems to paint a rosier picture of the man behind this story than the facts may dictate, it does do justice to enigma and creativity that was the Kaufman experience.
Annie
--
Remove "fakespam" from my email address to reply.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
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Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Law undergraduate and avid traveller. Unafraid of hard work, I am always on the lookout for opportunities to expand both social network and comfort zones. Lifelong learning is my philosophy.
Coaching and facilitation of team building activities through robust outdoor activities. Clientele ranged from school children to government linked corporations.
Held the rank of Lieutenant and served as an instructor in Officer Cadet School. Tasked to develop higher level competencies required of commissioned Officers through emphasis on integrity, teamwork and resilience.
Collaboratively formulate focused B2B sales strategy through building relationships to create win-win outcomes.
IB Score: 41/45
Led the class to generate over $5000 in profit from T-Shirt Sales for our overseas service trip to Cambodia.
Chaired the Singapore Scouts West Area Camp for over 200 participants. Organised and led an overseas trekking expedition to Indonesia's Mt. Rinjani
Core team member of Year 5 orientation programme in 2015. Served concurrently as the House Captain of Cheong Koon Seng House.
Assisted in the conduct of kayaking lessons as part of the school's water therapy sessions for children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder.
I fell in love with trekking whist summiting Mt. Rinjani. There is something extremely captivating about being above cloud line at dawn. Ever since, my appetite for adventure has brought me to the likes of Everest Base Camp, and the unforgiving jungles of Brunei.
In my free time, I am content with gaining new insights through candid conversations and digesting the occasional book. Of particular interest are subjects regarding world affairs, human history and disruptive industries.


India is fighting back against COVID-19 & this Simple yet useful COVID-19 Tracker will help you know how many Total Cases currently are in the country, how many have recovered and how many have died.
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You guys have done really a great job and this tracking will be really more helpful to our country during this pandemic. Thank you and your team.


Followed by Tender Is the Night (1934)' Francis Scott Fitzgerald - Gatsby il magnifico (Il grande Gatsby - The Great Gatsby) - I Romanzi della Palma Mondadori 1936.jpg The Great Gatsby is a 1925 novel written by American author F. Scott Fitzgerald that follows a cast of characters living in the fictional towns of West Egg and East Egg on prosperous Long Island in the summer of 1922. The story primarily concerns the young and mysterious millionaire Jay Gatsby and his quixotic passion and obsession with the beautiful former debutante Daisy Buchanan. Considered to be Fitzgerald's magnum opus, The Great Gatsby explores themes of decadence, idealism, resistance to change, social upheaval, and excess, creating a portrait of the Roaring Twenties that has been described as a cautionary tale regarding the American Dream.
Price = {{ price | currency : "Rs."}}


Welcome Page
About
SART Assessment
New Schedule
Results
Plot Type
Scatterplot over time
Box plot intervention (Not Yet Implemented)
Scatterplot Y Values
Breakfast
SART
Compliance (Not Yet Implemented)
Box Plot Values (Not Yet Implemented)
X : Breakfast
Y : SART
Y : Compliance


Priest Dustin:
Well done! I thank you in the name of the church of Einhasad.
Sir Athebaldt will at last be at peace in the arms of Einhasad. The peace that we now enjoy would not have been possible without sacrifices such as this. Great things are achieved only at great cost... Sometimes a painful sacrifice must be made for the greater good.
I have written a letter commending your efforts. Take this to Grand Master Hannavalt.


JS Code Quiz
Quiz
High Scores
JS Quiz High Scores
Rank ordered scores:
Player Name
Date
Right
Wrong
Score (seconds)


CREATE YOUR OWN MUSIC!
Strike a pose to your webcam to make some music!
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Home
Made with
in India.


10.7. CREATE FUNCTION
Synopsis
CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] FUNCTION
qualified_function_name (
parameter_name parameter_type
[, ...]
)
RETURNS return_type
[ COMMENT function_description ]
[ LANGUAGE SQL ]
[ DETERMINISTIC | NOT DETERMINISTIC ]
[ RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT | CALLED ON NULL INPUT ]
[ RETURN expression ]
Description
Create a new function with the specified definition.
Each function is uniquely identified by its qualified function name
and its parameter type list. qualified_function_name
needs to be in
the format of catalog.schema.function_name
.
In order to create a function, the corresponding function namespace
(in the format catalog.schema
) must first be managed by a function
namespace manager (See Function Namespace Managers).
The optional OR REPLACE
clause causes the query to quietly replace
the existing function if a function with the identical signature (function
name with parameter type list) exists.
The return_type
needs to match the actual type of the routine body
expression
, without performing type coercion.
A set of routine characteristics can be specified to decorate the function and specify its behavior. Each kind of routine characteristic can be specified at most once.
| Routine Characteristic | Default Value | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Language clause | SQL | The language in which the function is defined. |
| Deterministic characteristic | NOT DETERMINISTIC | Whether the function is deterministic. NOT DETERMINISTIC
means that the function is possibly non-deterministic. |
| Null-call clause | CALLED ON NULL INPUT | The behavior of the function in which null is supplied as
the value of at least one argument. |
Examples
Create a new function example.default.tan(double)
:
CREATE FUNCTION example.default.tan(x double)
RETURNS double
DETERMINISTIC
RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT
RETURN sin(x) / cos(x)
Create the table example.default.tan(double)
if it does not already
exist, adding a function description and explicitly listing all the supported
routine characteristics:
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION example.default.tan(x double)
RETURNS double
COMMENT 'tangent trigonometric function'
LANGUAGE SQL
DETERMINISTIC
RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT
RETURN sin(x) / cos(x)


Former US president Jimmy Carter hospitalised in Atlanta for bleeding on the brain
WASHINGTON: Former US president Jimmy Carter was admitted to an Atlanta hospital on Monday (Nov 11) for a procedure to relieve brain pressure from bleeding caused by recent falls, the Carter Center said in a statement.
Carter, 95, the country's oldest living president, was admitted to Emory University Hospital about three weeks after falling at his home in Plains, Georgia. He was released from the hospital a few days after that accident.
A previous fall earlier in October required stitches to Carter's face. In May, the former president broke his hip, also at home, requiring him to undergo surgery.
The procedure to relieve pressure on his brain was scheduled for Tuesday morning, the Carter Center said, adding that he was "resting comfortably," and that his wife, Rosalynn, 92, was with him.
A Democrat, Carter was the 39th president of the United States, serving one term from 1977 until 1981. He was defeated in his re-election bid by Republican Ronald Reagan in 1980.
Carter, who received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2002 for his humanitarian work, has lived longer after leaving the White House than any former president in US history.


--- layout: page tagline: ---
I started my career as an Application Engineer in Kuala Lumpur and now I'm a Senior IT Consultant in Berlin. I've been troubleshooting and maintaining Atlassian Applications since 2014. I'm a Linux lover and during my free time, I do coding and Scripting. Learning Ruby and and infrastructure as code is current focus. In this blog, I share whatever (Geeks related) in my mind. No matter if it's coding related or related to other applications.
If you want to know me more, feel free to check following:


CurrencyCode [Required]
Emulate tables that collapse beautifully on mobile devices!
This feature uses a row modifier I created called ".margin-0". When applied to a ".row" element, it will ensure the margins between the columns will be 0.
This is important in order to emulate the table-like effect, but it will work in any environment.
String
Int32
Int32
String[]


Back to help contents
I opened MultiMona and my wallets were missing
What are the symptoms ?
You open MultiMona and instead of seeing your wallet(s) in the Wallet list, you don't see anything. The wallet(s) have probably just been closed.
What can you do when this happens ?
Relax - you are very likely to still have your wallet(s) on your disk. Do the following:
- Review Troubleshooting. This describes where MultiMona stores the default wallet (multimona.wallet) for your computer.
- Have a look in that directory. You can open any wallet there using the 'File |
Open Wallet' menu option.
- Use your computer's search tool to find ".wallet" and include hidden directories - you should see the automatically generated backups.
- If you created a new wallet and stored it in another directory then you will have to look there.
- Check any external/network drives you may have chosen when saving the wallet
Back to help contents


Crews Make Progress on Large Southern California Wildfire
by ASSOCIATED PRESSBy JOHN ANTCZAK Associated Press
LOS ANGELES (AP) — Authorities lifted evacuation orders for a farm community Saturday as firefighters make progress on a large wildfire in Southern California that continues to threaten about 2,500 homes and buildings.
Ventura County officials allowed an unknown number of residents in Somis to return home Saturday morning after firefighters contained 20% of the Maria Fire, which has burned nearly 15 square miles (38 square kilometers) and forced nearly 11,000 people to evacuate.
While fire activity subsided overnight, winds and skin-cracking low humidity were expected to enter their fourth day Saturday and make another difficult day for firefighters. Moreover, an unexpected area of clouds moved in from the south, threatening to bring lightning strikes and wind gusts of 20 to 30 mph (48 kph) over the region, the National Weather Service said.
Police in Santa Monica urged beachgoers to seek shelter indoors after lightning was reported over the city.
Crews battled to keep the flames away from orchards and farms in the rural area. Three buildings were destroyed.
The fire erupted on a hilltop northwest of Los Angeles on Thursday during what had been expected to be the tail end of gusty Santa Ana winds.
The cause was under investigation but there was a troubling possibility that an electrical line might have been involved — as such lines have been at other recent fires.
Southern California Edison said Friday that it re-energized a 16,000-volt power line 13 minutes before the fire erupted in the same area.
Edison and other utilities up and down the state shut off power to hundreds of thousands of people this week out of concerns that high winds could cause power lines to spark and start fires.
SCE will cooperate with investigators, the utility said.
In Northern California, more people were allowed to return to areas evacuated due to the huge Kincade Fire burning for days in the Sonoma County wine country.
The 121-square-mile (313-square-kilometer) fire was 72% contained, the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection said.
The tally of destroyed homes reached 175 and there were 35 more damaged, Cal Fire said. Many other structures also burned.
Historic, dry winds prompted the state’s largest utility, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., to initiate four rounds of widespread pre-emptive shut-offs in Northern California this month to prevent wildfires.
But the Contra Costa County Fire Protection District pegged the utility’s equipment as the cause of three smaller fires that cropped up Oct. 27 in the San Francisco Bay Area suburbs of Martinez and Lafayette.
And while the cause of the Kincade Fire hasn’t been determined, PG&E reported a problem with a transmission tower near the spot where the fire started.
Copyright © 2019 courthousenews.com


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Fits a generalized linear density ratio model (GLDRM). A GLDRM is a semiparametric generalized linear model. In contrast to a GLM, which assumes a particular exponential family distribution, the GLDRM uses a semiparametric likelihood to estimate the reference distribution. The reference distribution may be any discrete, continuous, or mixed exponential family distribution. The model parameters, which include both the regression coefficients and the cdf of the unspecified reference distribution, are estimated by maximizing a semiparametric likelihood. Regression coefficients are estimated with no loss of efficiency, i.e. the asymptotic variance is the same as if the true exponential family distribution were known. Huang (2014) <doi:10.1080/01621459.2013.824892>. Huang and Rathouz (2012) <doi:10.1093/biomet/asr075>. Rathouz and Gao (2008) <doi:10.1093/biostatistics/kxn030>.
| Version: | 1.5 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 3.2.2) |
| Imports: | stats (≥ 3.2.2), graphics (≥ 3.2.2) |
| Suggests: | testthat (≥ 1.0.2) |
| Published: | 2018-04-13 |
| Author: | Michael Wurm [aut, cre], Paul Rathouz [aut] |
| Maintainer: | Michael Wurm <wurm at uwalumni.com> |
| License: | MIT + file LICENSE |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| CRAN checks: | gldrm results |
| Reference manual: | gldrm.pdf |
| Package source: | gldrm_1.5.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: gldrm_1.5.zip, r-release: gldrm_1.5.zip, r-oldrel: gldrm_1.5.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: gldrm_1.5.tgz, r-oldrel: gldrm_1.5.tgz |
| Old sources: | gldrm archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=gldrm to link to this page.


Returns first record displayed in the grid
getFirst([index])
| index |
integer, (optional) record index if not first |
Returns string.
Description
This method return record displayed in the grid. If there is no local search, first
displayed record is the first record in .records array. However, if local search is applied,
it is not always first.
After local search is applied, the ids of the records that match search criteria are stored in
.last.searchIds array.
If you have a grid defined in the following way:
You can get all the changed records:


A Display Device visually conveys text,graphics, and video information. It is the final stage in the interaction between a process or a system and the user.
Get Started!Greater the resolution, clearer the display.
Measures brightness as candela per square meter.
Measures how fast and efficient a display is.
Digital displays are usually preferred, though both have their pros and cons.
All pictures are encoded as an analog signal by varying signal voltage and radio frequencies.
Most digital displays form digits or characters with combination of segments or dots. The arrangement of these elements is called the display font.
Other devices like projectors or e-paper can also be used, whose displays are based on the principle of reflection projection or "throwing light".
Give us a call or shoot as an e-mail for any feedback. Constructive criticism is always appreciated.
+91<PHONE_NUMBER>


--- layout: post status: publish published: true title: Retrying Web Service Calls in BizTalk author: display_name: Tomas Restrepo login: tomasr email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>url: http://winterdom.com/ author_login: tomasr author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>author_url: http://winterdom.com/ wordpress_id: 900 wordpress_url: http://winterdom.com/2008/05/retryingwebservicecallsinbiztalk date: '2008-05-22 05:44:23 +0000' date_gmt: '2008-05-22 05:44:23 +0000' categories: - BizTalk - WCF tags: [] comments: - id: 875 author: Pandu author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>author_url: '' date: '2009-06-08 16:15:07 +0000' date_gmt: '2009-06-08 16:15:07 +0000' content: "Hi..good implmentation..\r\ncan i have the code for implementation ..\r\nplease...\r\n\r\nthanks" - id: 1716 author: Balaji author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>author_url: '' date: '2011-05-13 19:48:27 +0000' date_gmt: '2011-05-13 19:48:27 +0000' content: "This looks to be good code.\r\nCan i have the code for implementation .." ---
BizTalk Server has some pretty strong facilities for making a "best effort" at ensuring message delivery, by using the automatic retry facilities available to BizTalk Send Ports.
This functionality is available when calling Web Services as well either with the WCF or SOAP adapters, and it's very useful. However, it's not always enough by itself.
One such scenario comes up when the Web Service you're calling does not return SOAP Faults when it fails, but instead returns some kind of status/result indicator as part of a normal response message. In that case, the SOAP/WCF adapter can't tell on its own that the service call failed and retry it as necessary.
There are a few ways you can deal with this.
For example, you can handle retries manually from an orchestration, using a Loop shape to call the service, check the result and retry the call as necessary. It's not complex (though a bit cumbersome) and in many scenarios works very well.
Unfortunately, this isn't an option if you are in a messaging-only scenario, or have complex routing rules leading to the service invocation (common with direct-binding scenarios).
One possible workaround for this if you're using the WCF Adapter in R2 that I've been experimenting lately with is to use the WCF-Custom adapter and configure a custom Endpoint Behavior that adds an IClientMessageInspector implementation that checks the response message and transforms it to a fault if it indicates.
A few things to keep in mind if you decide to try this:
IClientMessageInspector.AfterReceiveReply()
implementation, you might need to create a buffered copy of the message and return a new Message instance built from it to the WCF Adapter runtime; otherwise BizTalk might not be able read the message because you've already consumed it and it will be in the closed state by then. My friend Carlos suggested that another way to deal with this issue (particularly if you're not using the WCF adapter) might be by building a custom pipeline component and using it in a receive pipeline configured in the Send Port. The component would then read the response from the Web Service and throw an exception to force a failure during the response processing if necessary, thus causing the entire exchange to fail. I haven't tried this myself, but sounds like another useful idea!


Duration
15 minutes
Goals
This lab has two goals: build a UI manually and with the Designer tool. Both are useful skills. Understanding the raw XML can help you arrange your UI in exactly the way you want. Knowing how to use the Designer tool will let you build a UI more quickly than coding XML by hand.
You will be working on an app to compute the tip for a restaurant bill. The user will enter the amount of the bill and touch the Calculate button. The app will retrieve the bill amount from the UI, calculate the tip and total, and display those two values in the UI. This exercise asks you to code the UI; the code will be done in a subsequent exercise.
The picture below shows the UI you will be building.
You will need to use several views to interact with the user (see below).
You will use three LinearLayout
panels to arrange the views (see below).
Required assets
The provided Resources folder for this part contains a subfolder named Completed with a solution you can use to check your work. This lab is a continuation of the previous one. If you did not complete the previous exercise, you can use the Completed solution from the previous part as starter code for this part.
Challenge
Use the guidelines here to work through the exercise on your own. Alternatively, you can use the step-by-step instructions given below.
- Open MainActivity.cs.
- Remove the unnecessary lines of code (the
count
field and the button manipulation). - Open Resources > Layout > Main.axml.
- Use the Source editor and/or the Designer to create a UI matching the description above.
- Run the app to test your work.
Steps
Below are the step-by-step instructions to implement the exercise.
Remove the template code
- Open MainActivity.cs.
-
Remove the unnecessary lines of code (the
count
field and the button manipulation). When you are finished, theMainActivity
class should look like the code shown below.[Activity(Label = "TipCalculator", MainLauncher = true, Icon = "@mipmap/icon")] public class MainActivity : Activity { protected override void OnCreate(Bundle bundle) { base.OnCreate(bundle); SetContentView(Resource.Layout.Main); } }
- Open the file Resource > Layout > Main.axml in the Source view. If you find you are in the Designer view, click the Source tab at the bottom of the window.
-
Delete the
Button
that was added by the starter template.
Hand-coded XML
Here you will write hand-coded XML to build part of the UI described above. Specifically we'll add controls to allow the user to enter the bill amount and the button to perform the tip calculation.
- Open the file Resource > Layout > Main.axml in the Source view. If you find you are in the Design view, click the Source tab at the bottom of the window.
-
Verify that the root XML element is a
LinearLayout
and that it its orientation is vertical.LinearLayout
defaults to horizontal orientation so it needs itsandroid:orientation
attribute set tovertical
. Usematch_parent
for both the width and height (fill_parent
does the same thing but it is deprecated somatch_parent
is preferred). The starter template will likely have done much of this for you already; however, it is worth taking a moment to check to be sure. The XML is shown below.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android ="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation ="vertical" android:layout_width ="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> ... </LinearLayout>
-
Add an
EditText
inside theLinearLayout
. Set itsandroid:layout_width
attribute tomatch_parent
. Set itsandroid:layout_height
attribute towrap_content
. The code is provided below, hidden behind a button. -
Add a
Button
inside theLinearLayout
and below theEditText
. Set itsandroid:layout_width
attribute tomatch_parent
. Set itsandroid:layout_height
attribute towrap_content
. Set itsandroid:text
attribute toCALCULATE
. The code is provided below, hidden behind a button. - Run the app to test your work.
Designer
Xamarin.Android includes a UI Designer that is integrated into Visual Studio and Visual Studio for Mac. The Designer behavior is similar in both environments. To learn more about the Designer, see Designer Basics. Here you will use the Designer tool to build part of the UI described above. Specifically, you'll add the text views to display the the tip and total.
- Open the file Resource > Layout > Main.axml in the Design view. If you find you are in the Source view, click the Designer tab at the bottom of the window.
-
Drag a LinearLayout (Horizontal) from the Layouts section of the Toolbox and drop it
at the bottom of the existing views in your UI (i.e. below the button). This will add a
LinearLayout
to the root layout. The orientation ofLinearLayout
defaults to horizontal although it is acceptable to set it explicitly. The Toolbox with the correct layout highlighted is shown below. -
Drag a TextView from the Form Widgets section of the Toolbox and drop it
on the
LinearLayout
you just added. This will add aTextView
control to the layout. The Toolbox with the correct view highlighted is shown below. -
Select the
TextView
you just added. In the Properties window, locate the Text property and set it to Tip. The Properties window with the correct property highlighted and the value filled in is shown below. -
Drag another TextView from the Form Widgets section of the Toolbox and drop it
on the
LinearLayout
you just added. The horizontalLinearLayout
will now contain twoTextView
s. You do not need to set theText
property on this one; you will set it from code in a subsequent exercise. -
Repeat the last four steps that add a
LinearLayout
and twoTextView
s. Make one change this time: set the Text of the firstTextView
to Total instead of Tip. -
Switch to the Source view and check your work. Verify that the structure you built matches the XML
shown below.
<LinearLayout ... > <EditText ... /> <Button ... /> <LinearLayout ...> <TextView ... /> <TextView ... /> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout ...> <TextView ... /> <TextView ... /> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout>
- Run the app. The app won't have any behavior yet; however, running it at this point will allow you to check for syntax errors and let you make sure the UI looks reasonable on the emulator.
Summary
In this exercise, you built the UI of a Xamarin.Android application with hand-coded XML and the Designer tool. Both skills are useful. In practice, it's likely you will flip back-and-forth between them as you create your UI.


"Press the green button below to get a new quote. Then use the other button if you wish to tweet it out."
-Phil
© Copyright 2016 Phil Flanagan


×
Client saved correctly
×
Settings saved correctly
Client id:
[error]
Displayed name:
[error]
Displayed name for client (visible for another members)
Description:
[error]
Optional description of client (visible for another members)
Grant types:
[error]
Refresh token
Implicit
Password
Client credentials
Authorization code
Scopes:
[error]
Redirect URIs:
[error]
Put one uri per line
Save
Delete client
Regenerate client secret


{% if title %}
|
|||
|
|||
| Book Name | Price | ||
| {{ b.orderbook.title }} | ₹{{ b.orderbook.price }}.00 | ||
| Total: ₹{{ orders.amount }}.00 | |||
| Payment Method | Total Amount(To pay) | ||
| Cash on Delivery | ₹{{ orders.amount }}.00 |


THE STORY OF QUI JU A film review by James Berardinelli Copyright 1993 James Berardinelli
Rating: 6.5 out of 10 (C, ** out of ****)
Date Released: varies Running Length: 1:40 Rated: PG (Mature themes)
Starring: Gong Li, Liu Pei Qi, Lei Lao Sheng Director: Zhang Yimou Producer: Ma Fung Kwok Screenplay: Liu Heng Music: Zhao Ji Ping Released by Sony Pictures Classics In Mandarin with English Subtitles
What starts as a simple village squabble gets escalated rapidly in THE STORY OF QUI JU. The movie starts with Qui (Gong Li) taking her injured husband Qailing (Liu Pei Qi) to see the doctor.  When Qui goes to the authorities to seek recompense for her husband's injury, she receives little in the way of satisfaction. While they are willing to grant Qailing monetary compensation, they will not compel the chief to apologize, which is what Qui really wants. So, despite an advanced pregnancy, she begins a series of long treks to distant districts and cities in an attempt to attain justice.
At times, THE STORY OF QUI JU is a bitingly amusing satire on the process commonly known as the "bureaucratic runaround". This film goes to new extremes to lampoon a process that can make righteous satisfaction a difficult thing to come by. Throughout the film, all Qui wants is a simple apology, but the lengths that she has to go to, and the money that she has to spend, in an attempt to secure it, is astonishing. In the end, we're treated to the most bitter irony of all.
Unfortunately, while QUI JU is sporadically funny, it is also slow-moving to the point of distraction. There is too much back-and-forth, and the story begins to drag well before the halfway point. Boring is too extreme a term for the film since there are a number of memorable highlights, but there are occasions when THE STORY OF QUI JU may lose the attention of some of its viewers.
If there was no other reason to see this picture, at least it can be cited as a good lesson in some of the cultural distinctions of rural mainland China. It's refreshing to get an insider's view in a film not specifically intended for outsiders. This way, we see things in a normal, natural setting, not as staged moments designed to impress foreigners. There are times when this aspect of the film almost makes up for the plodding pace.
Director Zhang Yimou and actress Gong Li have been reunited for the third time (they previously worked together in JU DOU and RAISE THE RED LANTERN). Li's style of acting is marvelously fresh and entirely different from anything originating in a Western country. Her performance is understated, and effective because of it. There is never any sense of melodrama, and Qui's subtle displays of exasperation at the lengths to which she must go to get a fair hearing are completely believable.
Not only does QUI JU tackle the issue of bureaucracy, but it also takes pains to point out the dangers of pride. Whatever ego Qui has is minimal. She doesn't want revenge; she wants justice; and she's willing to go to any lengths to obtain it. The village chief, on the other hand, is willing to do anything except apologize, and this is where the crux of the conflict lies. Were he a little less stubborn, Qui's actions would be unnecessary.
For those who enjoy pictures with little action, a minimalist plot, decent characterization, and a good eye for small details, THE STORY OF QUI JU may be worthwhile viewing. Beware that this is a very un-American movie--everything about it is distinctly foreign--and perhaps its greatest value lies in what it can teach. Nevertheless, the pace of QUI JU borders on ponderous, so a reasonable attention span is requisite. There are rewards to be had from a viewing of Zhang Yimou's latest, but they don't come without a price.
- James Berardinelli<EMAIL_ADDRESS>.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


I suggest this be posted on the cocaine/crack as well as the ritalin section - it is saving my ASS. I'm a lifelong drug user. From pot to sniffing heroin, but I started smoking coke in the mid '80s and frankly, I'm an addict when it comes to crack cocaine.
First let's blow away some misperceptions - crack is not the devil-drug, but requires need plenty of money and to recognize that it is like the opiates in the harsh truth that one needs more and more over the years. It started to make me physically ill. In the case of crack, it makes me so paranoid and chronic that I become a zombie, only getting active when I need to score more. Unpleasant, but if I'm that high, I don't really care. Couldn't quit even if I wanted to, and I just didn't want to.
Started trying to limit or quit in the mid 1990s.... no real luck, maximum period without it was less then 6 months. Recent research reveals cocaine, unlike other drugs, has cravings that INCREASE rather then decrease over time. I've got the article, it was a study on rats....
So... here are the facts. 46 year old professional, lifelong drug user, cocaine addict for approximately 18 years. Cocaine use had increased to the point of no return. Then I caught probation for a public urination case! NIGHTMARE!!! Probation officers don't exactly like that rainbow-colored urine with oily coke residue visible on the surface.  I got so desperate I was self-catheterizing with clean piss I'd saved but I nicked my bladder and the blood tested positive in the sample and I spent 2 MONTHS in jail waiting for the probation hearing!
Enter my friend Mary. She has an aggressive physician who believes in drugs of all kinds, and after three times in trouble with my Probation Officer, on house arrest and facing up to a year in prison, I broke down and went to him. Answer? Ritalin. OMG what a lifesaver. Take one a day.... no coke cravings. Snort one or two for fun when I would otherwise party. Can't drink alcohol either, so he gave me Valium (just 5mg tabs) to take the edge off. Now my P.O. is actually ENFORCING that I get mildly high on this stuff and is somewhat concerned I'm not taking my valium regularly enough!!! (She is convinced my drug use was due to ADHD or something).
So here is the bottom line. Ritalin isn't much of a 'high' but it essentially is similar enough to cocaine that it scratches the itch and keeps the monkey in the cage. Coke if used just occasionally doesn't stay in the system over 72 hours - so now I can use if I want to on special occasions, and use the ritalin to avoid becoming chronic and being unable to stop.... and use it on 'off' days because in generic mthylphenidate 10mg pills it only costs 50 CENTS for a 6 hour 'Diet Coke' buzz!!!
Peace All,
Preacher John, Indiana
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


A simple directive for enabling preconfigured text snippets in Angular inputs.
Head over to GitHub to grab the code and read the documentation on how to use this.


§383-174 Computations. Computations required by section 383-168(4) shall be made by the director, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the United States Secretary of Labor. [L 1971, c 187, pt of §13; am L 1982, c 58, §4]


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Class: Sketchup::EdgeUse
| Relationships | |
| Super Chains via Extension / Inclusion / Inheritance | |
|
Class Chain:
self,
Entity
|
|
|
Instance Chain:
self,
Entity
|
|
| Inherits: |
Sketchup::Entity
|
Overview
Instance Attribute Summary
-
#reversed? ⇒ Boolean
readonly
The reversed? method is used to determine if the edge direction is opposite of the edge use direction.
Entity
- Inherited
Instance Method Summary
-
#edge ⇒ Object
The edge method is used to retrieve the edge for the edge use.
-
#end_vertex_normal ⇒ Object
The end_vertex_normal method is used to retrieve the vertex normal for the end point of this edgeuse.
-
#face ⇒ Object
The face method is used to retrieve the face used by this edge use.
-
#loop ⇒ Object
The loop method is used to retrieve the loop for this edge use.
-
#next ⇒ Object
The next method is used to retrieve the next edge use in a loop.
-
#partners ⇒ Object
The partners method is used to retrieve all of the partner edge uses that uses the same edge.
-
#previous ⇒ Object
The previous method is used to retrieve the previous edge use in a loop.
-
#start_vertex_normal ⇒ Object
The start_vertex_normal method is used to retrieve the vertex normal for the start point of this edgeuse.
Entity
- Inherited
| #add_observer | The add_observer method is used to add an observer to the current object. |
| #attribute_dictionaries | The attribute_dictionaries method is used to retrieve the |
| #attribute_dictionary | The attribute_dictionary method is used to retrieve an attribute dictionary with a given name that is attached to an |
| #delete_attribute | The |
| #entityID | The entityID method is used to retrieve a unique ID assigned to an entity. |
| #get_attribute | The |
| #inspect | The to_s method is used to retrieve the string representation of the entity. |
| #model | The model method is used to retrieve the model for the entity. |
| #parent | The parent method is used to retrieve the parent of the entity. |
| #persistent_id | The |
| #remove_observer | The remove_observer method is used to remove an observer from the current object. |
| #set_attribute | The set attribute is used to set the value of an attribute in an attribute dictionary with the given name. |
| #to_s | The to_s method is used to retrieve the string representation of the entity. |
| #typename | The typename method retrieves the type of the entity, which will be a string such as “Face”, “Edge”, or “Group”. |
Instance Attribute Details
#reversed? ⇒ Boolean
(readonly)
The reversed? method is used to determine if the edge direction is opposite of the edge use direction. The edge use direction is the same as the loop it belongs to.
Instance Method Details
#edge ⇒ Object
The edge method is used to retrieve the edge for the edge use.
#end_vertex_normal ⇒ Object
The end_vertex_normal method is used to retrieve the vertex normal for the end point of this edgeuse.
#face ⇒ Object
The face method is used to retrieve the face used by this edge use.
#loop ⇒ Object
The loop method is used to retrieve the loop for this edge use.
#next ⇒ Object
The next method is used to retrieve the next edge use in a loop.
#partners ⇒ Object
The partners method is used to retrieve all of the partner edge uses that uses the same edge.
#previous ⇒ Object
The previous method is used to retrieve the previous edge use in a loop.
#start_vertex_normal ⇒ Object
The start_vertex_normal method is used to retrieve the vertex normal for the start point of this edgeuse.


Wyszperane w sieci, maj 2019
June 1, 2019
Manley, D. A New Kind of Critical Thinking Text. Daily Nous
Miscevic, N. Imaginative enactments in thought: locating thought experiments. The Junkyard.
Miyazono, K. Delusions and Beliefs. Imperfect Cognitions.
Wurgaft, B. A. Biotech Cockaigne of the Vegan Hopeful. The Hedgehog Review.
Luu, C. Are We Being Framed?. JSTOR Daily.
Drake, J., & Peterson, E. Imaginary Reasons. The Junkyard.
Charley, S. The unseen progress of the LHC. Symmetry.
Guitchounts, G. Are Animal Experiments Justified?. Nautilus.
Connolly, K. Do Experts Really Perceive the World Differently from Non-Experts?. The Brains Blog.
Giaimo, C. Wasps Passed This Logic Test. Can You?. The New York Times.
Pardes, A. ‘Change My View’ Reddit Community Launches Its Own. Wired.
Cassam, Q. What Are Conspiracy Theories?. iai news.
Smith, J. E. H. If reason exists without deliberation, it cannot be uniquely human. Aeon.
Hermann J. More Gender Justice Through the Artificial Womb? Justice Everywhere.
Yong, E. A Waste of 1,000 Research Papers. The Atlantic.
Sutter, P. M. Science Is Facing A Brain Drain. Forbes.
Novella, S. Truth Decay. Neurologica Blog.
Badura, C. Logic(s) of Imagination. The Junkyard.
Wilkinson, D. Are avocados and almonds vegan? Here’s why some say no. CNN.
What wrapping a rope around the Earth reveals about the limits of human intuition. Aeon.
Dalton, C. The Problem with Using the Term “Fake News” in Medicine. Nautilus.
McAndrew, F. T. Could a lack of humility be at the root of what ails America?. The Conversation.


file
File objects are implemented using C’s stdio package and can be created with the built-in file() and open() functions. File objects are also returned by some other built-in functions and methods, such as os.popen() and os.fdopen() and the makefile() method of socket objects. Temporary files can be created using the tempfile module, and high-level file operations such as copying, moving, and deleting files and directories can be achieved with the shutil module.
When a file operation fails for an I/O-related reason, the exception IOError is raised. This includes situations where the operation is not defined for some reason, like seek() on a tty device or writing a file opened for reading.
Files are viewed as a sequential stream of bytes. A file is terminated with an end of file marker (EOF). When a file is opened a file object is associated with it.
By default, there are three files initialized when the script execution starts - sys.stdin, sys.stdout and sys.stderr. They correspond to the interpreter’s standard input, output and error streams.
Constructors
- file
- Returns a file object.
- open
- Returns a file object.
Methods
Reading
- read
- Returns specified amount of bytes from the file.
- readline
- Reads one entire line from the file.
- readlines
- Returns a list containing lines from the file.
- xreadlines
- Returns an iterator over the lines of the file.
- next
- Returns a next line from the file.
Writing
- write
- Writes a string to the file.
- writelines
- Writes a sequence of strings to the file.
- flush
- Flushes the write buffers of the file.
File Position
- tell
- Returns the file’s current position.
- seek
- Sets the file’s current position.
Other
- close
- Flushes and closes the file.
- fileno
- Returns the integer “file descriptor”.
- truncate
- Truncates the file’s size.
- isatty
- Returns True if the file is if the stream is interactive (i.e., connected to a terminal/tty device).
Properties
- name
- Returns the name of the file.
- mode
- Returns the I/O mode for the file.
- encoding
- Returns the encoding of the file.
- closed
- Returns a Boolean stating whether the file is closed.
- errors
- Returns the Unicode error handler used along with the encoding.
- newlines
- Return type of newlines encountered while reading the file.
- softspace
- Returns a Boolean that indicates whether a space character needs to be printed before another value when using the print statement.


When is the Prince Andrew interview on the BBC? Where to watch interview
Prince Andrew the Duke of York is due to answer questions regarding his links to deceased US financier Jeffrey Epstein
by Lewis Knight, https://www.mirror.co.uk/authors/lewis-knight/The Duke of York is set to answer questions in a televised interview with BBC Newsnight.
Prince Andrew, Duke of York, who is the third child of The Queen and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, will be interviewed by Newsnight host Emily Maitlis.
The focus of questioning is expected to cover the long-running scandal surrounding US financier Jeffrey Epstein, who was a known former associate of the Duke.
The interview was recorded on Thursday (November 14) in Buckingham Palace.
But when does the the interview air on British television? Here is what you need to know.
When is the Prince Andrew interview on the BBC? Where to watch interview
Prince Andrew & The Epstein Scandal: The Newsnight Interview will air at 9pm on Saturday, November 16, 2019 on BBC TWO and BBC iPlayer.
BBC Newsnight host Emily Maitlis described the interview to the BBC as "no holds barred".
The Duke is expected to answer questions about his relationship with US financier Jeffrey Epstein, who took his own life at the age of 66 earlier this year whilst awaiting trial for charges of sex-trafficking.
Accusations have also been levelled at the Duke himself by accusers of Epstein, but these are strongly denied by the Duke and Buckingham Palace.
The Duke has two daughters by his former wife, Sarah Ferguson: the recently engaged Princess Beatrice and the recently married Princess Eugenie.
Prince Andrew & The Epstein Scandal: The Newsnight Interview will air at 9pm on Saturday, November 16, 2019, on BBC Two and BBC iPlayer.


wodim
Command (aliased as `cdrecord` on some systems) for recording data to CDs or DVDs.
Some invocations of wodim can cause destructive actions, such as erasing all the data on a disc.
More information: home page
- Display optical drives available to `wodim`:
wodim --devices
- Record ("burn") an audio-only disc:
wodim dev=/dev/optical_drive -audio track*.cdaudio
- Burn a file to a disc, ejecting the disc once done (some recorders require this):
wodim -eject dev=/dev/optical_drive -data file.iso
- Burn a file to the disc in an optical drive, potentially writing to multiple discs in succession:
wodim -tao dev=/dev/optical_drive -data file.iso


Feeds
Bobby Fondo [Graduate]
New Jersey Intitute of Technology
76%
Rate me!
This person is highly engaged in group activities. Answers promptly and effectively in group discussions.
He or she demonstrates supreme aptitude for course tools or language(s) and thoroughly grasps course concepts.
This person strives for that "A." He or she shows ambition and reaches beyond the goal.
On a scale from 1 to 10, where 10 represents "Masterful," please rate this student for the following course.
Initiative
Technical Skills
Communication
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