Browsers
Browser
s are meant to assist in three things:
- Media Asset Management, here called Content Browsers,
- Operation Management, here called Operation Browsers,
- Device Management, here called Device Browsers
All Browser
s produce/consume ObjectFactory in output/input . They are
the main providers/consumers (along with
Formatter) for ObjectFactory
anywhere else in the Application.
New types of Browsers
can be created through the plugin interface to:
- Offer access to a new type of MAM (for storing/retrieving/searching content)
- Offer discoverability of devices through a new system (HAL doesn't exist on windows !)
- ...
Browser types
Content Browsers
These Browsers can be listed individually for access to specific services.
They only return content of type SourceFactory
- Local content
-
file://
(standard system) - F-Spot catalog browsing
- Tracker
- ...
-
- Remote content
- Tape catalog, or any other kind of professional MAM system
- Flickr
- Youtube
- ...
These browsers MUST offer at least the following functionality:
-
getFactory(
uri
)
, returns theObjectFactory
for the given uri.
The browsers CAN also offer these functionality:
-
storeFactory(
factory
,
uri
)
, stores the givenObjectFactory
with the given uri. It returns anObjectFactory
which might be the same as the input, or a new one, or a a temporary new one. - Searching/Browsing functionalities
Browsers should use the UI Bundle system to provide adequate UI interfaces if needed.
Operation Browser
They only return content of type OperationFactory
.
The default implementation will just look for all available GstElement of a given type and return simple OperationFactory objects wrapping them.
Another implementation will be in charge of handling all the pitivi plugins providing different OperationFactory.
Device Browser
Only returns content of type DeviceFactoryInterface
.
It MUST provide the following functionality:
-
getDefaultSinks()
, which should return the default usable SinkDeviceFactory. -
getDefaultSources()
, which should return the default usable SourceDeviceFactory.
The results of the search are


HIGH COURT OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR AT JAMMU OWP No.2105/2017, MP NO.01/2017 Date of order: 20.12.2017 Anuradha Singh Vs. J&K SPCB and ors. Coram: Hon'ble Mr. Justice Alok Aradhe, Judge Appearing counsel: For Petitioner/Appellant(s) : Mr. Rahul Pant, Advocate. For respondent (s) :
i/ Whether to be reported in : Yes/No Press/Media ii/ Whether to be reported in : Yes/No Digest/Journal
Taking into account the order which this Court proposes to pass today, it is not necessary to issue notice to the respondents.
In this petition, the petitioner has prayed for the following reliefs:
1. Certiorari quashing the Notice No.SPCB/RDJ/N-1/2017/901-03 dated 11th December, 2017 issued by the Respondent No.2.
2. Mandamus commanding the respondents to process the request of the petitioner for grant of consent under Section 25/26 of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and section 21 of the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981;
3. Prohibition restraining the respondents from taking any further proceedings in terms of the Notice No.SPCB/RDJ/N-1/2017/901-03 dated 11th December, 2017 issued by Respondent No.2.
When the matter was taken up today, learned counsel for the petitioner submitted that even though show cause notice was issued by the Pollution Control Board to the petitioner on 11.12.2017, yet the same was dispatched to OWP No.2105/2017, MP NO.01/2017 Page 1 of 2 her on 15.12.2017 and the petitioner had received the same on 16.12.2017 and the petitioner has been asked to submit a reply within a period of three days. It is further submitted that petitioner has filed an application for obtaining the requisite consent.
In view of the fact that only show cause notice has been issued to the petitioner and the final decision in the matter is yet to be taken by the concerned authority, I deem it appropriate to direct that in case the petitioner files reply to the show- cause notice dated 11.12.2017 within a period of one week from the date of receipt of certified copy of the order passed today, the competent authority shall afford an opportunity of hearing to the petitioner and shall pass a speaking order in accordance with law. Till the order is passed, no coercive action shall be taken against the petitioner in pursuance of the show-cause notice dated 11.12.2017. Needless to state that competent authority shall also pass appropriate orders on the application for consent which has been filed by the petitioner under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981. It is made clear that this court has not expressed any opinion on merits of claim of the petitioner.
With the aforesaid direction, the writ petition is disposed of along with connected MP.
(Alok Aradhe) Judge Jammu 20.12.2017 Raj Kumar OWP No.2105/2017, MP NO.01/2017 Page 2 of 2


Refresh Updated ago — Ordered by — Filtered threads:
Reorder:
Resize:
Teaser:
|
Filters
Settings
Archive
Search
Help
Filters and Highlighters
- — Shift-click thumbnails to manually hide threads.
- — Alt-click to pin threads to the top.
| On | Pattern | Color | Hide | Top | Del | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Add Save Close |
| Custom |
| # |
| Close Clear |
Patterns
-
- Matching whole words:
craft
— will match "craft" but not "minecraft" or "diablocraft".
-
- AND operator:
detachable hats
— will match teasers containing the words "detachable" AND "hats".
-
- OR operator:
gsl|starcraft|sc2
— matches "gsl" OR "starcraft" OR "sc2"
-
- Mixing both operators:
sanae|ohana pure
— matches "pure" AND "sanae", or "pure" AND "ohana"
-
- Exact match search:
"until you like it"
— place double quotes around the pattern to search for an exact string
-
- Wildcards:
*sankaku*
— this can find threads contaning links to sankakuidolm*ster
— can match idolmaster or idolm@ster, etc...
-
- Filtering by name or tripcode:
- Prefix the pattern with # to search inside the author field:
#!!3n8yyKtTvbU
— matches SHiN !!3n8yyKtTvbU or Ayano Sugiura !!3n8yyKtTvbU, etc...#Ayano
— matches Ayano or Ayano Sugiura or Ayano Sugiura !!3n8yyKtTvbU, etc...#
— this will match all non-anonymous threads.
-
- It is also possible to filter by regular expression:
/^(?=.*detachable)(?=.*hats).*$/i
— AND operator./^(?!.*touhou).*$/i
— NOT operator./^>/
— threads starting with a quote (">" character as an html entity)./^$/
— threads with no text.
Controls
- On — enables or disables the filter.
- Hide — hides matched threads.
- Top — puts matched threads on top of the list.
- Close
Settings
Options
- — Disable styled tooltips on thumbnails.
- — Enable thumbnail magnification in compact mode.
- — Use Ctrl-click instead of Alt-click to sticky threads.
- — Disable keybinds.
- — Use SSL.
Shortcuts
- R — Refresh current page
- X — Reorder threads
- S — Open search box, Esc to close
- RMB — Threads context menu (Firefox only)
Stylesheet
Custom CSS
Save Close


(* Title: HOL/Library/Quotient_Syntax.thy Author: Cezary Kaliszyk and Christian Urban *) section ‹Pretty syntax for Quotient operations› theory Quotient_Syntax imports Main begin notation rel_conj (infixr "OOO" 75) and map_fun (infixr "--->" 55) and rel_fun (infixr "===>" 55) end


|
|||||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | ||||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
Defines an interface to proxies for setting constraints to control remote method calls. If a proxy implements this interface, then the semantics of this interface apply to all calls through all remote methods defined by the proxy; there is no mechanism to exempt remote methods or remote interfaces from these semantics.
Constraints for a remote call come from two sources:
A remote call will be performed only if the combined requirements (from
both sources) can be satisfied. If the combined requirements cannot be
satisfied, a ConnectIOException
will be thrown by the
remote call, typically containing (but not required to contain) a nested
UnsupportedConstraintException
.
In addition to the requirements, both client and server preferences will
be satisfied, to the extent possible.
Note that constraints imposed by the communication mechanism must be
factored into the requirements. For example, if the only explicit
requirement is Delegation.YES
, but the communication
mechanism always requires client authentication, then effectively a
ClientAuthentication.YES
requirement exists, and so the
Delegation.YES
requirement must also be satisfied.
The constraint mechanisms are designed such that client constraints do not weaken server constraints, and vice versa. However, it is certainly possible to specify conflicting constraints. Preferences that conflict with requirements are ignored, and if preferences conflict with each other it is arbitrary as to which (if any) are satisfied, but if there are conflicting requirements the remote call will not be made.
| Method Summary | |
MethodConstraints |
getConstraints()
Returns the client constraints placed on this proxy. |
RemoteMethodControl |
setConstraints(MethodConstraints constraints)
Returns a new copy of this proxy with the client constraints set to the specified constraints. |
| Method Detail |
public RemoteMethodControl setConstraints(MethodConstraints constraints)
getConstraints
method of the copy returns
the identical constraints instance. The original proxy is not modified.
A null
value is interpreted as mapping all methods to
empty constraints (one that has no requirements and no preferences).
For any given remote call, the specific client requirements and
preferences to be satisfied are given by the return value of invoking
the getConstraints
method of
the specified MethodConstraints
instance with a
Method
object representing the remote method.
Client constraints placed on a proxy are included in the serialized
state of the proxy. This allows third-party services to be transparent
to the client's needs. For example, if remote object s1
obtains a proxy for remote object s2
, and passes that
proxy to remote object s3
, expecting s3
to
invoke a remote method on s2
, then s1
can
control that call by placing its constraints directly on the proxy
before passing it to s3
. If s3
does not
wish to be transparent in this way, then it should explicitly replace
the client constraints on received proxies with whatever constraints
are appropriate to implement its own policy.
constraints
- client constraints, or null
getConstraints()
public MethodConstraints getConstraints()
null
, which is interpreted as mapping all
methods to empty constraints (one that has no requirements and no
preferences).
null
setConstraints(net.jini.core.constraint.MethodConstraints)
|
|||||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | ||||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |


via peetypassion
Rider
The rollercoaster moves up and down. I am not the vehicle, but the rider within it.
Feet tap the pavement in hypnotic rhythm, legs pounding the heart demanding more more more. I am not those legs or that heart. I ride in telepathic communication with this animal, feed it, bathe it, lay it down to rest.
The internal computer calculates risk, strategy, weighs pros and cons. It races through analysis working what it knows into speculations of the future. I ask it questions and watch the output.
I am not these feelings. I am not this body. I am not this mind.
This vehicle takes me where I steer it. I am the sum that decides which parts to make whole.


Use of KineticGold Account
1 oz Gold = 1 Coin = $1,340
Debit Card Access anywhere in the world through
Visa/MasterCharge system
Directly access your Gold Based Account
Access to Cash through any ATM


Hans Zimmer - Better Battlelog Forums #99296
Sitemap
29. May 2013 14:18
Topicstarter
juress
Theme Developer
THE LEGENDARY COMPOSER.
He's done it again.
https://soundcloud.com/watertowermusic/mos_poster/s-LYFjd


We are a boy group from South Korea, but we are not your typical group though! click here to find out more!
our fans and us, we throw the best parties have have a lot of fun!! click here to find out more!


This application is an interface between the people and the hospital. By using this people can easily know the doctors who are present in the hospital. The docotrs can know about their schedule. If you are new to this website, create your account first using the link provided.


Savaged.US to Fantasy Grounds converter
This utility will convert a Savaged.US character for use in Fantasy Grounds.
To import the resulting XML file into Fantasy Grounds, please watch this video.
Log into your Savaged.US account and browse to Settings->API Key
Enter your Savaged.us API key (Only available to Wild Cards)
Clicking this button will populate the drop down with your available characters.
Populate Characters
This 'Select Character' pull-down will become enabled after you click the 'Populate Characters' button above.


An object that represents an operation expected to be completed ("resolved") or in error ("rejected") at some point in the future.


| Package | Description |
|---|---|
| org.apache.taverna.activities.dataflow | |
| org.apache.taverna.activities.stringconstant |
Contains the activity classes required in the execution of Beanshell scripts.
|
| org.apache.taverna.activities.testutils | |
| org.apache.taverna.annotation |
Entities within the workflow object model may be marked as annotated.
|
| org.apache.taverna.annotation.annotationbeans | |
| org.apache.taverna.annotation.impl | |
| org.apache.taverna.configuration.database | |
| org.apache.taverna.configuration.database.impl | |
| org.apache.taverna.facade |
Facade interfaces to represent a workflow instance within the enactor.
|
| org.apache.taverna.facade.impl | |
| org.apache.taverna.invocation |
Contains classes supporting workflow invocation.
|
| org.apache.taverna.invocation.impl | |
| org.apache.taverna.lang.observer |
Implementation of the observer pattern.
|
| org.apache.taverna.monitor |
Defines the API for the monitoring and steering system.
|
| org.apache.taverna.monitor.impl | |
| org.apache.taverna.platform.capability.activity.impl | |
| org.apache.taverna.platform.capability.api | |
| org.apache.taverna.platform.capability.dispatch.impl | |
| org.apache.taverna.platform.execution.api | |
| org.apache.taverna.platform.execution.impl | |
| org.apache.taverna.platform.execution.impl.hadoop | |
| org.apache.taverna.platform.execution.impl.local | |
| org.apache.taverna.platform.execution.impl.remote | |
| org.apache.taverna.platform.report | |
| org.apache.taverna.platform.run.api | |
| org.apache.taverna.platform.run.impl | |
| org.apache.taverna.platform.spring.jdbc |
Extensions to the JDBC parts of Spring, and support for proxying of JDBC
drivers so we can load them dynamically from raven artifacts.
|
| org.apache.taverna.provenance.item | |
| org.apache.taverna.provenance.reporter | |
| org.apache.taverna.provenance.vocabulary | |
| org.apache.taverna.reference |
Interfaces for the Taverna 2 reference manager.
|
| org.apache.taverna.reference.annotations |
Annotations to make methods in the data access object implementations
for cache injection.
|
| org.apache.taverna.reference.h3 |
Contains the marker interfaces used by the implementation package to
ensure that all appropriate classes are mapped in hibernate
before
implementations of classes that depend upon them, and to ensure that
'static' classes such as the implementations of reference set etc are
mapped correctly.
|
| org.apache.taverna.reference.impl |
Implementation of the reference manager APIs backed by Hibernate.
|
| org.apache.taverna.reference.impl.external.file |
Support for references to a file on a local (or otherwise mounted)
filesystem
|
| org.apache.taverna.reference.impl.external.http |
Support for references to a URL with the HTTP protocol
|
| org.apache.taverna.reference.impl.external.object |
Support for representation of inlined objects as references.
|
| org.apache.taverna.security.credentialmanager | |
| org.apache.taverna.security.credentialmanager.impl | |
| org.apache.taverna.services | |
| org.apache.taverna.services.impl | |
| org.apache.taverna.t2referencetest | |
| org.apache.taverna.utility |
Utility classes, currently consists of a generic type safe alternative
to TreeModel along with an adapter class to allow it to be used where a
TreeModel is required (i.e.
|
| org.apache.taverna.visit | |
| org.apache.taverna.workflowmodel |
Defines classes and interfaces for workflow level entities and events.
|
| org.apache.taverna.workflowmodel.health |
A package that contains a set of classes to be used in testing a Dataflow prior to invocation.
These can carry our various tests such as a service endpoint being accessible. |
| org.apache.taverna.workflowmodel.impl |
Implementation package for workflow entities
|
| org.apache.taverna.workflowmodel.processor.activity |
Provides definitions for a single Activity to be contained within a
Processor.
|
| org.apache.taverna.workflowmodel.processor.activity.config |
A set of helper classes to aid in defining how Activities are configured.
|
| org.apache.taverna.workflowmodel.processor.activity.impl |
Contains specific implementations of the Activity Ports, together with an implementation of ActivityPortBuilder which is responsible for building them.
|
| org.apache.taverna.workflowmodel.processor.config | |
| org.apache.taverna.workflowmodel.processor.dispatch |
Definition and support classes for the Dispatch Stack.
|
| org.apache.taverna.workflowmodel.processor.dispatch.description |
Annotations and enumerations used to describe dispatch layers, specifically the types of messages they can consume and their reactions to those messages.
|
| org.apache.taverna.workflowmodel.processor.dispatch.events | |
| org.apache.taverna.workflowmodel.processor.dispatch.impl |
Implementation package for the dispatch stack interfaces.
|
| org.apache.taverna.workflowmodel.processor.dispatch.layers |
Contains implementations of DispatchLayer defined by the core Taverna 2
specification.
|
| org.apache.taverna.workflowmodel.processor.iteration |
Object model and enactment logic for the iteration strategy component of
a Processor
|
| org.apache.taverna.workflowmodel.processor.iteration.impl |
Implementation logic for the iteration system.
|
| org.apache.taverna.workflowmodel.serialization | |
| org.apache.taverna.workflowmodel.utils | |
| org.pingel.util |
Copyright © 2015–2016 The Apache Software Foundation. All rights reserved.


Changelog
Version 1.2 [Download]
- Added support for line-separated sample data instead of just space-separated data.
- Fixed bug where the program would crash due to escaped character (such as \r).
Version 1.1 [Download]
- Added check to prevent generation of words already contained in the sample file. This changed the format of the .wgd file, so the 1.1 .wgd files are incompatible with the 1.0 files and vice versa.
- Word length now follows an approximate normal distribution.
Version 1.0 [Download]
- Added processing of Sample Data. This picks up very basic patterns in the samples such as the starting letters, ending letters, average word length, and word length variance.
- Added support for saving (and loading) of processed data as a .wgd so that sample data doesn't have to be re-processed after closing and reopening the program.
- Added generation of 25 random words based on the sample data.
How to Use
When the program is opened, there will only be 2 options available: Create Language and Load Language.
To create a new language, press the Create Language button and select a plaintext file containing a list of at least 50 sample words. These words can be separated by line or by spaces (or a combination of the two). Depending on the size of the sample data, the program might take some time to process everything. The status bar on the bottom will indicate when the processing has finished. As an example, we will use a list of 10,000 english words (which can be found here - link will open in a new tab). After the processing has finished, the program will have enabled the other two buttons: Save Language and Generate New Words.
The Save Lanuage button will save the processed information to a .wgd file so that it can be loaded if the program is closed. A previously saved .wgd file can be loaded with the Load Language button. The Generate New Words button will generate 25 words that are in the same style as the sample data. It will check the sample data when generating these words so that it will not produce words that are already contained in the sample. The length of these words will be approximately the same as the sample data as well. So for example, if your sample words are all exactly 5 characters long, then the program will only generate words that are also 5 characters long. For the english sample data, we get the following example output:
Of course, a lot of these words that were generated don't sound very much like English words. This is because the program will only perform very basic pattern recognition (since it only cares about which characters tend to immediately follow other characters). As a result, we end up with nonesense like dstr or hntesend. However, we do end up with some words that could be considered English. For example, hingy sounds very much like an English word (and it even has an entry on Urban Dictionary). Additionally, we aren't limited to just the words that the program generates. Going back to the word hntesend that was generated, we see that it contains the character sequence send which is indeed an English word. In addition to all of this, we aren't limited to the 25 words either. The basic pattern recognition means that the 25 words are generated fairly quickly, so nothing stops us from regenerating 25 new words if we don't like the first 25 the program gave us.


-    ☰
-
-
- Contact Us
- About Us
- Register
☰
Aries man in relationships
Relationships are not easy to Aries in general, but Aries men have special trouble when needed to connect to their partner, feel compassion and think for two. He finds it much easier to do everything alone and finds it rare in a partner to have enough energy to follow his lead. Aries man is prone to chauvinism more than any other sign in the zodiac. It is imperative for his partner to stay independent, financially and socially, if a relationship with this man is to succeed.
Aries man in love
When he falls in love, one way or another, you will know. There are two extremes of his behavior in this situation. As a conqueror and a warrior he will feel the need to fight for love, for the heart of the one he desires and will stop at nothing for this cause. This means he will be persistent and repetitive in his attempts to win the attention of the subject of his affection. The other extreme would be a lost Aries man, incapable of understanding his own emotions. This could make him distant, like he has lost the ability to speak, or even angry because of the inability to show how he feels. Either way his behavior will be very obvious, and you will not miss the signals even if you didn’t know him that well.
Can you trust your Aries man
If you are just one of his conquests, he won’t feel obligated to stay true. Aries man can be a sexual predator, winning one prize after the other, conquering his partners one by one. He enjoys the thrill of the game and needs to feel deep emotions in order to stop. In case you are a princess he won over by pure chivalry, you can trust him. The only way for him to keep that knight image of himself is to be just, sincere and brave.
Understanding Aries men
He may seem like a brute, following his instincts and rarely using his brain, however smart he might be. Still, there is a soft side to him. If his loved one is in need of his help and support, he will show exactly how much he cares. When he feels respected and loved, he will let his guard down and seem like a cuddly bear at times. Aries might be ashamed to be soft, but when he feels trust, he can’t help it. There is a warm, behind the act, nature to this man, something that needs to be discovered in time and is reachable by approaching him with a lot of tenderness, however he might act.
Aries Man Likes and Dislikes
Aries man is attractive, strong and confident, always ready for something new and exciting. He doesn’t lack initiative or character and it is a fun competition to win his heart.
However, he doesn’t have much sense for anyone but himself. He can be rough, selfish and impulsive, while approaching every relationship he has as a fighting arena, where he needs to show his supremacy.
How to choose a gift for your Aries Man
Everything sharp, red colored and hot will be a good fit. If he does not already have a collection, you can always buy him a Swiss knife, a set of tools, a hunter’s hat, a flame thrower or a pair of sexy boxers. He will be happy if you show how masculine and strong he is, and give him something practical to use. Don’t obsess about his presents if you will have any resulting expectations – he will never obsess about yours.
next


Daughter’s Christmas presents reported stolen from vehicle in Butler County
by Staff Report— Oxford police received a report Nov. 30 of toys valued at approximately $200 taken from the trunk of a car parked in a driveway on Kelly Drive.
The report was made by a woman who had purchased the toys as Christmas presents for her daughter and had been left in the trunk of the vehicle for several days. The toys had been purchased at Target at Bridgewater Falls and still in their bags, although the toys were taken and the bags left behind.
She told the officer one item was an “LOL Surprise! 2-in-1 Glamper Fashion Camper” valued at $100. The other toys were “LOL Surprise!” brand toys but smaller, miscellaneous items with an approximate value of another $100, although she could not recall what they were.
The victim was not sure when she had last seen them but believes they had been left in the trunk for two or three days. She said the car did not seem to have been broken into and said she did not have a spare key to the car.
She said she is usually good about locking her vehicle but said it is possible she hit the “Trunk” button on the key fob accidentally at some point, which would have opened the trunk. She said she believes using the key fob is the only way to open the trunk.


Huawei launches MatePad Pro – Pricing and specifications
by Hanno LabuschagneHuawei officially unveiled the MatePad Pro, a powerful tablet to succeed its MediaPad series.
The reveal follows a previous leak of the device’s design, which mirrored Apple’s recently-unveiled iPad Pro.
The MatePad Pro’s 10.8-inch display has ultra-thin bezels, measuring at 4.9mm, which is slimmer than those on the iPad Pro.
The tablet uses an 8MP punch-hole for its 8MP front camera, while the rear camera features a 13MP lens.
Specifications
The tablet comes with Huawei’s premium Kirin 990 chip, which is paired with 6GB RAM and 128GB storage in the entry-level model, or 8GB of RAM and 256GB storage in the higher-end “metallic edition”.
The base model costs 3,299 yuan (R6,930) and the metallic edition is priced at 4,999 yuan (R10,500). The metallic edition includes a stylus and keyboard.
In terms of battery size, the MatePad Pro offers a 7,250 mAh pack, which supports 40W wired fast charging and 15W wireless charging.
The tablet will be available in four colours – orange, grey, white, and blue-green.
Launch details
The MatePad Pro is already available for pre-order in China, where it will be available from 12 December.
No launch date or pricing for other markets have been revealed.
It should be noted that just like Huawei’s Mate 30 devices, the MatePad Pro does not currently offer support for Google services and apps.
The table below lists the specifications of the Huawei MatePad Pro.
| Huawei MatePad Pro | |
|---|---|
| OS | Android-based EMUI 10 |
| Chipset | Kirin 990 octa-core |
| Display | 10.8-inch 2,560 x 1,600 LCD |
| Storage | 128GB / 256GB |
| Ports | USB-C |
| Primary Camera | 13MP |
| Front Camera | 8MP |
| Connectivity | Bluetooth 5.1, 802.11 ac |
| Battery | 7,250 mAh |
| Charging | 40W wired / 15W wireless |
| Dimensions | 159 x 245 x 7.2 mm (460 grams) |
| Price | 3,299 yuan / 4,999 yuan |


Variable example
Variable example
{* all code between noparse tags is not compiled *} variable {noparse}{$variable}{/noparse} = {$variable}Variable assignment
assignment {$number=10} and print {$number}Operation with strings
{$variable . $number}{$number + 20}
Variable Modifiers
{$variable|substr:0,7}a modifier on string: {"hello world"|strtoupper}
Global variables
The variable is declared as global into the PHP {$GLOBALS.global_variable}Show all declared variables
To show all declared variable use {noparse}{$template_info}{/noparse}.{$template_info}
Constants
Constant
Constant: {#true#}Modier on constant as follow
Negation of false is true: {PHP_VERSION|round}Loop example
Simple loop example
-
{loop="week"}
- {$key} = {$value} {/loop}
Loop example with associative array
- ID _ Name _ Color {loop="user"}
- {$key}) - {$value.name|strtoupper} - {$value.color} {/loop}
Loop an empty array
-
{loop="empty_array"}
- {$key}) - {$value.name} - {$value.color} {else} The array is empty {/loop}
If Example
simple if example
{if="$number==10"}OK! {else}NO!{/if}example of if, elseif, else example
{if="substr($variable,0,1)=='A'"}First character is A {elseif="substr($variable,0,1)=='B'"}First character is B {else}First character of variable is not A neither B {/if}use of ? : operator (number==10?'OK!':'no')
You can also use the ? operator instead of if {$number==10? 'OK!' : 'no'}Include Example
Example of include file
{include="test"}External Include Example
Example of include file
{include="http://www.phpcomparison.net/graph/pie.php?template[dwoo]=on&template[openpowertemplate]=on&template[php]=on&template[raintpl]=on&template[savant]=on&template[smarty]=on&template[twig]=on&test=assign"}Yes, Rain is fast and light, so click here if you want to see the complete speed test
Functions
Example of function: ucfirst(strtolower($title))
{function="ucfirst(strtolower($title))"}Path Replace (WYSIWYG)
WYSIWYG
RainTPL replaces relative paths of images, css and links automatically with the correct server paths.Path replace on relative path of image
into the template the image is wrote as:<img src="img/logo.gif" alt="logo"/>
in the compiled template the path is replaced with the correct path tpl/img/logo.gif:RainTpl is javascript friendly Absolute paths and path ending with # are not replaced
For more info read the documentation: http://www.raintpl.com/Documentation/Documentation-for-web-designers/WYSIWYG/


| 902 | (A) | that foure Monethes and no more hade Mayntenede the crowne |
| 908 | (C) | ¶ That foure monethes & no more . hadde mayntened þe crowne |
| 894 | (D) | þat four monþis & more he maynteynd þe croune |
| 871 | (E) | þat foure monthes & more . hadde bore þe crowne |
| (Ex) | ---- no text ---- | |
| 926 | (L) | þat foure monþes & more hadde mayntened þe croune |
| 844 | (P) | þat foure of monethes & more had mayntend þe ???une |
| 880 | (U) | That foure monethes nomore / had maintend the crowne |
| (V) | ---- no text ---- |


With the basic article creation functionality built, we need to enable multiple
authors to work in our CMS. Previously, we built all the models, views and
controllers by hand. This time around we’re going to use
Bake Console to create our skeleton code. Bake is a powerful
code generation CLI tool that leverages the
conventions CakePHP uses to create skeleton CRUD applications very efficiently. We’re going to use bake
to build our
users code:
cd /path/to/our/app
bin/cake bake model users
bin/cake bake controller users
bin/cake bake template users
These 3 commands will generate:
Bake will also use the CakePHP conventions to infer the associations, and validation your models have.
If you were to create/update a user at this point in time, you might notice that the passwords are stored in plain text. This is really bad from a security point of view, so lets fix that.
This is also a good time to talk about the model layer in CakePHP. In CakePHP,
we separate the methods that operate on a collection of objects, and a single
object into different classes. Methods that operate on the collection of
entities are put in the Table
class, while features belonging to a single
record are put on the Entity
class.
For example, password hashing is done on the individual record, so we’ll implement this behavior on the entity object. Because we want to hash the password each time it is set, we’ll use a mutator/setter method. CakePHP will call convention based setter methods any time a property is set in one of your entities. Let’s add a setter for the password. In src/Model/Entity/User.php add the following:
<?php
namespace App\Model\Entity;
use Cake\Auth\DefaultPasswordHasher; // Add this line
use Cake\ORM\Entity;
class User extends Entity
{
// Code from bake.
// Add this method
protected function _setPassword($value)
{
if (strlen($value)) {
$hasher = new DefaultPasswordHasher();
return $hasher->hash($value);
}
}
}
Now, point your browser to http://localhost:8765/users to see a list of users. You can edit the default user that was created during Installation. If you change that user’s password, you should see a hashed password instead of the original value on the list or view pages. CakePHP hashes passwords with bcrypt by default. You can also use SHA-1 or MD5 if you’re working with an existing database, but we recommend bcrypt for all new applications.
With multiple users able to access our small CMS it would be nice to
have a way to categorize our content. We’ll use tags and tagging to allow users
to create free-form categories and labels for their content. Again, we’ll use
bake
to quickly generate some skeleton code for our application:
# Generate all the code at once.
bin/cake bake all tags
Once you have the scaffold code created, create a few sample tags by going to http://localhost:8765/tags/add.
Now that we have a Tags table, we can create an association between Articles and
Tags. We can do so by adding the following to the initialize
method on the
ArticlesTable:
public function initialize(array $config)
{
$this->addBehavior('Timestamp');
$this->belongsToMany('Tags'); // Add this line
}
This association will work with this simple definition because we followed CakePHP conventions when creating our tables. For more information, read Associations - Linking Tables Together.
Now that our application has tags, we need to enable users to tag their
articles. First, update the add
action to look like:
<?php
// in src/Controller/ArticlesController.php
namespace App\Controller;
use App\Controller\AppController;
class ArticlesController extends AppController
{
public function add()
{
$article = $this->Articles->newEntity();
if ($this->request->is('post')) {
$article = $this->Articles->patchEntity($article, $this->request->getData());
if ($this->Articles->save($article)) {
$this->Flash->success(__('Your article has been saved.'));
return $this->redirect(['action' => 'index']);
}
$this->Flash->error(__('Unable to add your article.'));
}
// Get a list of tags.
$tags = $this->Articles->Tags->find('list');
// Set tags to the view context
$this->set('tags', $tags);
$this->set('article', $article);
}
// Other actions
}
The added lines load a list of tags as an associative array of id => title
.
This format will let us create a new tag input in our template.
Add the following to the PHP block of controls in src/Template/Articles/add.ctp:
echo $this->Form->control('tags._ids', ['options' => $tags]);
This will render a multiple select element that uses the $tags
variable to
generate the select box options. You should now create a couple new articles
that have tags, as in the following section we’ll be adding the ability to find
articles by tags.
You should also update the edit
method to allow adding or editing tags. The
edit method should now look like:
public function edit($slug)
{
$article = $this->Articles
->findBySlug($slug)
->contain('Tags') // load associated Tags
->firstOrFail();
if ($this->request->is(['post', 'put'])) {
$this->Articles->patchEntity($article, $this->request->getData());
if ($this->Articles->save($article)) {
$this->Flash->success(__('Your article has been updated.'));
return $this->redirect(['action' => 'index']);
}
$this->Flash->error(__('Unable to update your article.'));
}
// Get a list of tags.
$tags = $this->Articles->Tags->find('list');
// Set tags to the view context
$this->set('tags', $tags);
$this->set('article', $article);
}
Remember to add the new tags multiple select control we added to the add.ctp template to the src/Template/Articles/edit.ctp template as well.
Once users have categorized their content, they will want to find that content by the tags they used. For this feature we’ll implement a route, controller action, and finder method to search through articles by tag.
Ideally, we’d have a URL that looks like http://localhost:8765/articles/tagged/funny/cat/gifs. This would let us find all the articles that have the ‘funny’, ‘cat’ or ‘gifs’ tags. Before we can implement this, we’ll add a new route. Your config/routes.php should look like:
<?php
use Cake\Routing\Route\DashedRoute;
use Cake\Routing\Router;
Router::defaultRouteClass(DashedRoute::class);
// New route we're adding for our tagged action.
// The trailing `*` tells CakePHP that this action has
// passed parameters.
Router::scope(
'/articles',
['controller' => 'Articles'],
function ($routes) {
$routes->connect('/tagged/*', ['action' => 'tags']);
}
);
Router::scope('/', function ($routes) {
// Connect the default home and /pages/* routes.
$routes->connect('/', [
'controller' => 'Pages',
'action' => 'display', 'home'
]);
$routes->connect('/pages/*', [
'controller' => 'Pages',
'action' => 'display'
]);
// Connect the conventions based default routes.
$routes->fallbacks();
});
Plugin::routes();
The above defines a new ‘route’ which connects the /articles/tagged/ path,
to ArticlesController::tags()
. By defining routes, you can isolate how your
URLs look, from how they are implemented. If we were to visit
http://localhost:8765/articles/tagged, we would see a helpful error page
from CakePHP informing you that the controller action does not exist. Let’s
implement that missing method now. In src/Controller/ArticlesController.php
add the following:
// add this use statement right below the namespace declaration to import
// the Query class
use Cake\ORM\Query;
public function tags()
{
// The 'pass' key is provided by CakePHP and contains all
// the passed URL path segments in the request.
$tags = $this->request->getParam('pass');
// Use the ArticlesTable to find tagged articles.
$articles = $this->Articles->find('tagged', [
'tags' => $tags
]);
// Pass variables into the view template context.
$this->set([
'articles' => $articles,
'tags' => $tags
]);
}
To access other parts of the request data, consult the Request section.
Since passed arguments are passed as method parameters, you could also write the action using PHP’s variadic argument:
public function tags(...$tags)
{
// Use the ArticlesTable to find tagged articles.
$articles = $this->Articles->find('tagged', [
'tags' => $tags
]);
// Pass variables into the view template context.
$this->set([
'articles' => $articles,
'tags' => $tags
]);
}
In CakePHP we like to keep our controller actions slim, and put most of our
application’s logic in the model layer. If you were to visit the
/articles/tagged URL now you would see an error that the findTagged()
method has not been implemented yet, so let’s do that. In
src/Model/Table/ArticlesTable.php add the following:
// The $query argument is a query builder instance.
// The $options array will contain the 'tags' option we passed
// to find('tagged') in our controller action.
public function findTagged(Query $query, array $options)
{
$columns = [
'Articles.id', 'Articles.user_id', 'Articles.title',
'Articles.body', 'Articles.published', 'Articles.created',
'Articles.slug',
];
$query = $query
->select($columns)
->distinct($columns);
if (empty($options['tags'])) {
// If there are no tags provided, find articles that have no tags.
$query->leftJoinWith('Tags')
->where(['Tags.title IS' => null]);
} else {
// Find articles that have one or more of the provided tags.
$query->innerJoinWith('Tags')
->where(['Tags.title IN' => $options['tags']]);
}
return $query->group(['Articles.id']);
}
We just implemented a custom finder method. This is
a very powerful concept in CakePHP that allows you to package up re-usable
queries. Finder methods always get a Query Builder object and an
array of options as parameters. Finders can manipulate the query and add any
required conditions or criteria. When complete, finder methods must return
a modified query object. In our finder we’ve leveraged the distinct()
and
leftJoin()
methods which allow us to find distinct articles that have
a ‘matching’ tag.
Now if you visit the /articles/tagged URL again, CakePHP will show a new error
letting you know that you have not made a view file. Next, let’s build the
view file for our tags()
action. In src/Template/Articles/tags.ctp
put the following content:

Articles tagged with
<?= $this->Text->toList(h($tags), 'or') ?>

<?php foreach ($articles as $article): ?>

<?= $this->Html->link(
$article->title,
['controller' => 'Articles', 'action' => 'view', $article->slug]
) ?>

<?= h($article->created) ?>

<?php endforeach; ?>

In the above code we use the Html and
Text helpers to assist in generating our view output. We
also use the h
shortcut function to HTML encode output. You should
remember to always use h()
when outputting data to prevent HTML injection
issues.
The tags.ctp file we just created follows the CakePHP conventions for view template files. The convention is to have the template use the lower case and underscored version of the controller action name.
You may notice that we were able to use the $tags
and $articles
variables in our view template. When we use the set()
method in our
controller, we set specific variables to be sent to the view. The View will make
all passed variables available in the template scope as local variables.
You should now be able to visit the /articles/tagged/funny URL and see all the articles tagged with ‘funny’.
Right now, adding new tags is a cumbersome process, as authors need to pre-create all the tags they want to use. We can improve the tag selection UI by using a comma separated text field. This will let us give a better experience to our users, and use some more great features in the ORM.
Because we’ll want a simple way to access the formatted tags for an entity, we can add a virtual/computed field to the entity. In src/Model/Entity/Article.php add the following:
// add this use statement right below the namespace declaration to import
// the Collection class
use Cake\Collection\Collection;
protected function _getTagString()
{
if (isset($this->_properties['tag_string'])) {
return $this->_properties['tag_string'];
}
if (empty($this->tags)) {
return '';
}
$tags = new Collection($this->tags);
$str = $tags->reduce(function ($string, $tag) {
return $string . $tag->title . ', ';
}, '');
return trim($str, ', ');
}
This will let us access the $article->tag_string
computed property. We’ll
use this property in controls later on.
With the entity updated we can add a new control for our tags. In
src/Template/Articles/add.ctp and src/Template/Articles/edit.ctp,
replace the existing tags._ids
control with the following:
echo $this->Form->control('tag_string', ['type' => 'text']);
Now that we can view existing tags as a string, we’ll want to save that data as
well. Because we marked the tag_string
as accessible, the ORM will copy that
data from the request into our entity. We can use a beforeSave()
hook method
to parse the tag string and find/build the related entities. Add the following
to src/Model/Table/ArticlesTable.php:
public function beforeSave($event, $entity, $options)
{
if ($entity->tag_string) {
$entity->tags = $this->_buildTags($entity->tag_string);
}
// Other code
}
protected function _buildTags($tagString)
{
// Trim tags
$newTags = array_map('trim', explode(',', $tagString));
// Remove all empty tags
$newTags = array_filter($newTags);
// Reduce duplicated tags
$newTags = array_unique($newTags);
$out = [];
$query = $this->Tags->find()
->where(['Tags.title IN' => $newTags]);
// Remove existing tags from the list of new tags.
foreach ($query->extract('title') as $existing) {
$index = array_search($existing, $newTags);
if ($index !== false) {
unset($newTags[$index]);
}
}
// Add existing tags.
foreach ($query as $tag) {
$out[] = $tag;
}
// Add new tags.
foreach ($newTags as $tag) {
$out[] = $this->Tags->newEntity(['title' => $tag]);
}
return $out;
}
While this code is a bit more complicated than what we’ve done so far, it helps to showcase how powerful the ORM in CakePHP is. You can manipulate query results using the Collections methods, and handle scenarios where you are creating entities on the fly with ease.
Next we’ll be adding authentication.


|
|
def | __init__ |
| |
|
def | blob_key_size |
| |
|
def | blob_key_list |
| |
|
def | blob_key |
| |
|
def | set_blob_key |
| |
|
def | add_blob_key |
| |
|
def | clear_blob_key |
| |
|
def | token |
| |
|
def | set_token |
| |
|
def | clear_token |
| |
|
def | has_token |
| |
|
def | MergeFrom |
| |
|
def | Equals |
| |
|
def | IsInitialized |
| |
|
def | ByteSize |
| |
|
def | ByteSizePartial |
| |
|
def | Clear |
| |
|
def | OutputUnchecked |
| |
|
def | OutputPartial |
| |
|
def | TryMerge |
| |
|
def | __str__ |
| |
|
|
| blob_key_ |
| |
|
| has_token_ |
| |
|
| token_ |
| |
|
|
int | has_token_ = 0 |
| |
|
string | token_ = "" |
| |
|
int | kblob_key = 1 |
| |
|
int | ktoken = 2 |
| |
The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:
- code/googleappengine-read-only/python/google/appengine/api/blobstore/blobstore_service_pb.py


Note
Click here to download the full example code
Tutorial 03: Boundary conditions¶
The particle systems are defined in a rectangular box whose dimensions are specified by the attribute L
.
The boundary conditions are specified by the attribute bc
which can be one of the following.
A list of size \(d\) containing for each dimension either 0 (periodic) or 1 (wall with reflecting boundary conditions).
The string
"open"
: no boundary conditions.The string
"periodic"
: periodic boundary conditions.The string
"spherical"
: reflecting boundary conditions on the sphere of diameter \(L\) enclosed in the square domain \([0,L]^d\).
For instance, let us simulate the Vicsek model in an elongated rectangular domain \([0,L_x]\times[0,L_y]\) with periodic boundary conditions in the \(x\)-dimension and reflecting boundary conditions in the \(y\)-dimension.
First, some standard imports…
import time
import torch
from sisyphe.models import Vicsek
from sisyphe.display import display_kinetic_particles
use_cuda = torch.cuda.is_available()
dtype = torch.cuda.FloatTensor if use_cuda else torch.FloatTensor
The parameters of the model
N = 100000
R = .01
c = .1
nu = 3.
sigma = 1.
dt = .01
variant = {"name" : "max_kappa", "parameters" : {"kappa_max" : 10.}}
The spatial domain, the boundary conditions and the initial conditions…
Lx = 3.
Ly = 1./3.
L = [Lx, Ly]
bc = [0,1]
pos = torch.rand((N,2)).type(dtype)
pos[:,0] = L[0]*pos[:,0]
pos[:,1] = L[1]*pos[:,1]
vel = torch.randn(N,2).type(dtype)
vel = vel/torch.norm(vel,dim=1).reshape((N,1))
simu = Vicsek(
pos = pos.detach().clone(),
vel = vel.detach().clone(),
v = c,
sigma = sigma,
nu = nu,
interaction_radius = R,
box_size = L,
boundary_conditions=bc,
dt = dt,
variant = variant,
block_sparse_reduction = True,
number_of_cells = 100**2)
Finally run the simulation over 300 units of time….
# sphinx_gallery_thumbnail_number = 15
frames = [0., 2., 5., 10., 30., 42., 71., 100, 123, 141, 182, 203, 256, 272, 300]
s = time.time()
it, op = display_kinetic_particles(simu, frames, order=True, figsize=(8,3))
e = time.time()
Out:
Progress:0%
Progress:1%
Progress:2%
Progress:3%
Progress:4%
Progress:5%
Progress:6%
Progress:7%
Progress:8%
Progress:9%
Progress:10%
Progress:11%
Progress:12%
Progress:13%
Progress:14%
Progress:15%
Progress:16%
Progress:17%
Progress:18%
Progress:19%
Progress:20%
Progress:21%
Progress:22%
Progress:23%
Progress:24%
Progress:25%
Progress:26%
Progress:27%
Progress:28%
Progress:29%
Progress:30%
Progress:31%
Progress:32%
Progress:33%
Progress:34%
Progress:35%
Progress:36%
Progress:37%
Progress:38%
Progress:39%
Progress:40%
Progress:41%
Progress:42%
Progress:43%
Progress:44%
Progress:45%
Progress:46%
Progress:47%
Progress:48%
Progress:49%
Progress:50%
Progress:51%
Progress:52%
Progress:53%
Progress:54%
Progress:55%
Progress:56%
Progress:57%
Progress:58%
Progress:59%
Progress:60%
Progress:61%
Progress:62%
Progress:63%
Progress:64%
Progress:65%
Progress:66%
Progress:67%
Progress:68%
Progress:69%
Progress:70%
Progress:71%
Progress:72%
Progress:73%
Progress:74%
Progress:75%
Progress:76%
Progress:77%
Progress:78%
Progress:79%
Progress:80%
Progress:81%
Progress:82%
Progress:83%
Progress:84%
Progress:85%
Progress:86%
Progress:87%
Progress:88%
Progress:89%
Progress:90%
Progress:91%
Progress:92%
Progress:93%
Progress:94%
Progress:95%
Progress:96%
Progress:97%
Progress:98%
Progress:99%
Print the total simulation time and the average time per iteration.
print('Total time: '+str(e-s)+' seconds')
print('Average time per iteration: '+str((e-s)/simu.iteration)+' seconds')
Out:
Total time:<PHONE_NUMBER>853027 seconds
Average time per iteration: 0.01744010403951009 seconds
The simulation produces small clusters moving from left to right or from right to left. Each “step” in the order parameter corresponds to a collision between two clusters moving in opposite directions.
Total running time of the script: ( 8 minutes 55.368 seconds)


Dhirajben Shashikant Shah (Ghoghawala) family welcomes you to
The Double Dhamaal
House Warming and Graduation Celebration
31st March - 10AM to 2PM Followed by Lunch!
A home is made with love and it is this love that we would like you to share with us.
So, please join us in making Our New house our Home
and also to bestow your blessings upon our Daughter Rajvi Shah on successfully completing her
C.S. & LL.B.


MIRI focuses on AI approaches that can be made transparent so that people can undesrtand why AI systems take a particular behavior
MIRI is a research non profit funded primarily by small and medium-sized donors. Donations are therefore helpful for funding our workshops and academic outreach.
MIRI loves to share the ideas as contribution to innovation. It has created an own workshop, MIRIx. It is an Independent Workshops on AI Alignment Topics for sharing its idea and result with other researchers
The mission of Machine Intelligence Research Institute is to make AI smarter-than human with the aim to have a positive impact on people's life. In order to get this goal, MIRI deals with three big challenges.
Asimov states 3 laws for the robots based on the relationship with the man according to which a robot is a Friend. How could we guarantee that the robot won't become an Enemy? MIRI must design an agent highly reliable. How can MIRI get it? Studying some mathematical basic concepts such as
Is it possible to teach to a robot how it should study new things? That is maybe the hardest challenge of the modern society. There are many ethical aspects to evaluate such as we must ensure that a robot accepts our values without overcoming them. MIRI deals with this theme with some papers which faces the error tolerance problem
The main aspect to build an AI has got many ethical implications. MIRI investigates on how we can foresee which strategies and which choices are better to take in order to avoid a robots' war. First considerations can be found in the following papers.
Do you want to know more details about the research of Machine Intelligence Research Institute?
Nate Soares, who was a Software Engineer at Google, has written "A Guide to Miri's Research" .
Do you think that the Robots are going to be the next step for the innovation? Do you agree that the machine revolution is coming? Give to MIRI the opportunity for showing you that AI can positively contribute on people's life


"ANIMAL "an organized living creature endowed with sensation. The Levitical law divided animals into clean and unclean, although the distinction seems to have existed before the Flood (Genesis 7:2). The clean could be offered in sacrifice and eaten. All animals that had not cloven hoofs and did not chew the cud were unclean. The list of clean and unclean quadrupeds is set forth in the Levitical law (Deuteronomy 14:3-20; Leviticus 11).
"ANIMAL "an organized living creature endowed with sensation. The Levitical law divided animals into clean and unclean, although the distinction seems to have existed before the Flood (Genesis 7:2). The clean could be offered in sacrifice and eaten. All animals that had not cloven hoofs and did not chew the cud were unclean. The list of clean and unclean quadrupeds is set forth in the Levitical law (Deuteronomy 14:3-20; Leviticus 11).


PETROLEUM (SPECIAL) TRUST FUND LAGOS-NIGERIA. CONFIDENTIAL
REQUEST FOR URGENT BUSINESS PROPOSAL
From the Desk of: Dr. Fahd A.Usman. Phone 234 80 33206813. Fax 234 1 7599055.
Dear Sir,
This letter may come to you as a surprise since it is coming from someone you have not met before. However, we decided to contact you based on a satisfactory information we had about you. I am a Medical Doctor currently working with the Petroleum Trust Fund (PTF). I and some of my close and trusted colleagues need your assistance in the transfer of US$21.8 million to overseas. This fund was generated from over-invoicing of contracts executed by the PTF under our control and supervision. This fund is now ready to be sent out by a special diplomatic courrier service.What we want from you include the following: 1. Name of Company & Address 2. Your Private Telephone & Fax Number 3. Beneficiary Name 4. Your international passport number Upon receipt of these informations, an application shall be made in your name for the approval and movement of the funds which shall be by special diplomatic courrier services due to the amount involved.The copies of the approval and other relevant documents shall be faxed to you for your perusal.please treat as strictly confidential for obvious reasons. The fund will be shared as follows: 1. 17% for your assistance 2. 80% for myself & my Colleagues 3. 3% for contingency expenses We wish to assure you that your involvement should you decide to assist us, will be well protected, and also, this business proposal is 100% risk free as the remittance will be made through the legal procedures. Note: your discussions regarding this transaction should be limited because we are still in government service. We intend to retire peacefully at the end of this transaction. Let honesty and trust be our watchword throughout this transaction and your prompt reply will be highly appreciated. Thank you for your anticipated cooperation while we look forward to a mutually benefiting business relationship with you. Best Regards.
Dr. Fahd A.Usman


RAxZtHPZyXtBTEAQBhXI Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen. Investment Company"ROSINVEST-TRUST" is a mediator between large corporate enterprises and customers. We provide access to share market of large corporations (GasProm, Aeroflot, Sibneft, Ugansk-Neftegas ) to virtually any person. Our global agent network helps to obtain our service from any place around the world! Our company is glad to offer you Work the Internet of the manager in our company. Working with our company, you can earn from 500 euros up to 1200 euros day. For what to get a job in our company you should have the bank account Our company offers you legal and highly paid work Principle of work: On your bank account account will act money of our clients You should take money, and send 90 % of money on system of remittances Western Union or e-gold. Our company will pay to you cost of transportation and charges on sending of money in Western Union. You can, earn, yours of 10 % not spending money for the commissions. Plus of work with our company: - You can earn up to 4000 euros a week (further the salary will raise) - You can sign the contract with our company for the first 3 years of work. - To work to you it will be necessary no more than 3 hours per day (From Monday till Friday) - An opportunity of increase on career ladders up to the main manager and the Chief of department (with increase of your wages) - Working with our company, you can receive free-of-charge holiday by family yearly for the sum not exceeding 2500 euros. - Our company does not demand from you an operational experience and higher education. Our company will give up to you in reception of work only on the given conditions: - If you have problems with authorities - If you still do not have 18 years. For reception of work of the manager in our company you will need to fill in the form of registration on a site of our company: ( http://www.rosinvest-trading.net/ ) After you fill in the registration form, our operator will contact you through phone or your e-mail during 24 hours from the moment of filling the form. Hurry up. The amount of workplaces in our company is limited. NSkqAPFPDWGhlWEkpjimJrFlMuynTmMOeMjgjbxygqLYEJoGQ


This demo measures and displays the height of the left hand to the floor. Your Kinect needs to be pointed in an angle so that it can see the floor.


fgetwc
, getwc
, fgetwc_unlocked
, getwc_unlocked
—get a wide character from a file or streamSynopsis
#include <stdio.h> #include <wchar.h> wint_t fgetwc(FILE *fp); #define _GNU_SOURCE #include <stdio.h> #include <wchar.h> wint_t fgetwc_unlocked(FILE *fp); #include <stdio.h> #include <wchar.h> wint_t _fgetwc_r(struct _reent *ptr, FILE *fp); #include <stdio.h> #include <wchar.h> wint_t _fgetwc_unlocked_r(struct _reent *ptr, FILE *fp); #include <stdio.h> #include <wchar.h> wint_t getwc(FILE *fp); #define _GNU_SOURCE #include <stdio.h> #include <wchar.h> wint_t getwc_unlocked(FILE *fp); #include <stdio.h> #include <wchar.h> wint_t _getwc_r(struct _reent *ptr, FILE *fp); #include <stdio.h> #include <wchar.h> wint_t _getwc_unlocked_r(struct _reent *ptr, FILE *fp);
Description
Use fgetwc
to get the next wide character from the file or stream
identified by fp. As a side effect, fgetwc
advances the file’s
current position indicator.
fgetwc_unlocked
is a non-thread-safe version of fgetwc
.
fgetwc_unlocked
may only safely be used within a scope
protected by flockfile() (or ftrylockfile()) and funlockfile(). This
function may safely be used in a multi-threaded program if and only
if they are called while the invoking thread owns the (FILE *)
object, as is the case after a successful call to the flockfile() or
ftrylockfile() functions. If threads are disabled, then
fgetwc_unlocked
is equivalent to fgetwc
.
The getwc
and getwc_unlocked
functions or macros functions identically
to fgetwc
and fgetwc_unlocked
. It may be implemented as a macro, and
may evaluate its argument more than once. There is no reason ever to use it.
_fgetwc_r
, _getwc_r
, _fgetwc_unlocked_r
, and _getwc_unlocked_r
are simply reentrant versions of the above functions that are passed the
additional reentrant structure pointer argument: ptr.
Returns
The next wide character cast to wint_t
, unless there is no more data,
or the host system reports a read error; in either of these situations,
fgetwc
and getwc
return WEOF
.
You can distinguish the two situations that cause an EOF
result by
using the ferror
and feof
functions.
Portability
fgetwc
and getwc
are required by C99 and POSIX.1-2001.
fgetwc_unlocked
and getwc_unlocked
are GNU extensions.


Roy wanted to increase his typing speed for programming contests. So, his friend advised him to type the sentence "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" repeatedly, because it is a pangram. (Pangrams are sentences constructed by using every letter of the alphabet at least once.)
After typing the sentence several times, Roy became bored with it. So he started to look for other pangrams.
Given a sentence $s$, tell Roy if it is a pangram or not.
Input Format
Input consists of a string $s$.
Constraints
Length of $s$ can be at most $10^3$ $( 1 \le |s| \le 10^3 )$ and it may contain spaces, lower case and upper case letters. Lower-case and upper-case instances of a letter are considered the same.
Output Format
Output a line containing pangram if $s$ is a pangram, otherwise output not pangram.
Sample Input
Input #1
We promptly judged antique ivory buckles for the next prize
Input #2
We promptly judged antique ivory buckles for the prize
Sample Output
Output #1
pangram
Output #2
not pangram
Explanation
In the first test case, the answer is pangram because the sentence contains all the letters of the English alphabet.


A Material Theme for the Angular Gulp Generator
With ♥ thanks to the contributions of
{{ awesomeThing.description }}
Left Navigation Panel.


About Me
Hello
I am 27 years old, graduated from Zarqa University with GPA 88.4 from Software engineering Department ,I aspire to develop my capabilities and skills permanently to become one of the most important and best specialists in the field of Full Stack and app development
Education
High School
I finished high school in 2011 and go to collage
University
I finished University in 2020 in first place of my majer with GPA 88.4
Jop Experience
I have alot experince in multiple field
Programming
Web development
- Tabasheer Academy
- Online Tutor
- Alghandour company
Android development
- Offer collector
- Donation
- Auto Part
- Text Extraction from Images
Goals
- by a good programmer
- build my own company
- by a Minioneer :)
This My Top Ten Places I Want to Visit
- Mecca
- Machu Picchu, Peru
- The Grand Canyon, Arizona
- Rome, Italy
- Maui, Hawaii
- Montreal, Canada
- Istanbul, Turkey
- London, England
- Manhattan, New York
- Caribbean


Translator: upbin
The problem of 4 keys keyboard is very interesting and can broaden one’s horizon. This problem can make you obviously feel that different definitions of dp arrays need completely different logic to think about, and this logic can produce completely different solutions.
We can’t wait to solve this problem:
After reading the question, think about how to get the maximum number of characters ‘A’ after typing N
times on the keyboard? We are more familiar with trying questions using enumeration. Whenever we want to press the
keyboard (and can press it), there are 4 buttons
for us to choose from, we can enumerate every possible
operation It is obvious that this is a dynamic programming problem.
This kind of problem-solving idea is easy to understand, but the efficiency is not high. We follow the routine directly: for dynamic programming problems, we must first understand which are [ states ] and which are [ choices ].
Specific to this problem, what choices are obvious for each keystroke: four types are the
4 keys mentioned in the title, which are A
, Ctrl-A
, Ctrl-C
,
and Ctrl-V
.
Next, let’s think about what are the states of this problem? In other words, what information do we need to know to break down the original problem into smaller subproblems?
Now you think about it, Is it correct for me to define the status of this problem as follows?
n
to represent it.
a_num
.copy
.By defining state in this way, we can know the base case: when the number of
remainingn
is 0
, a_num
is the answer we want.
Combining the four choices just mentioned, we can express these kinds of choices through state transitions:
dp(n - 1, a_num + 1, copy)
# [ A ]
# comment: Press the 'A' key to add a character to the screen.
# Subtract 1 at the same time the number of times you are allowed to press the
keyboard.
dp(n - 1, a_num + copy, copy) # [Ctrl-V]
# comment: Press C-V to paste, the characters in the clipboard are added to the
screen.
# Subtract 1 at the same time the number of times you are allowed to press the
keyboard.
dp(n - 2, a_num, a_num) # [Ctrl-A] &
[Ctrl-C]
# comment: Ctrl + A and Ctrl + C can obviously be used together.
# The number of 'A' in the clipboard becomes the number of 'A' on the
screen.
# Subtract 2 at the same time the number of times you are allowed to press the
keyboard.
By describing this, we can see that the scale of the problem n
is constantly decreasing, and finally
we can reach the base case of n == 0
. So this idea is correct: (Do you think so?)
def maxA(N: int) ->
int:
# It can be verified that for the initial (n, a_num, copy) state,
# there can be at most dp (n, a_num, copy) 'A' on the screen.
def dp(n, a_num, copy):
# base case
if n <= 0: return
a_num;
# Let ’s try all three options and choose the largest one.
return max(
dp(n - 1, a_num + 1, copy), # [ A
]
dp(n - 1, a_num + copy, copy), #
[Ctrl-V]
dp(n - 2, a_num, a_num) # [Ctrl-A] & [Ctrl-C]
)
# You can press the key n times, then there is no 'A' in the screen
# and the clipboard.
return dp(N, 0, 0)
This solution should be well understood because it is semantically explicit.
Below we continue to follow the routine and use memorized search to eliminate those overlapping sub-problems:
def maxA(N: int) ->
int:
# memorandum
memo = dict()
def dp(n, a_num, copy):
if n <= 0: return
a_num;
# Avoid overlapping subproblems being recalculated
if (n, a_num, copy) in memo:
return memo[(n, a_num, copy)]
memo[(n, a_num, copy)] = max(
# These options are still the same
) return memo[(n, a_num, copy)]
return dp(N, 0, 0)
After we optimized our code in this way, although the sub-problem was repeatedly solved, the number of searches was still very large (if we submit to LeetCode it will definitely time out).
Now let’s try to analyze the time complexity of the algorithm just now. The challenge is that this analysis is not easy. No matter what it is, now we write this dp function as a dp array:
dp[n][a_num][copy]
// The total number of states (spatial complexity) of this problem
// is the volume of this three-dimensional array.
We know that the maximum value of the variable n
is N
, but it is difficult to calculate
the maximum number of a_num
and copy
. The lowest complexity is O(N^3). So the
algorithm just now is not good, the complexity is too high, and it can no longer be optimized.
The more embarrassing thing is that this also shows that I used to define state as it is not very good. Let’s change the idea of defining this dp problem.
Next, our thinking is a little more complicated, but it is very efficient.
Continue to follow our routine, choice has been defined before, or the 4
. But this
time
we only need to define a state, which is the remaining number of available keyboard presses
n
.
This algorithm is based on the following fact. There must be only two cases of the key sequence corresponding to the optimal answer:
A
, A
, … , A
(more when N
is
smaller).
A
, A
, …, Ctrl-A
, Ctrl-C
,
Ctrl-V
, Ctrl-V
, …, Ctrl-V
(mostly when N
is larger). (Here
you can find some mathematical rules, you can study if you are interested)
Because when the number of characters to be printed is relatively small (N
is small),
“Ctrl-A
, Ctrl-C
, Ctrl-V
” consumes a relatively high number of operations, so
we might as well keep pressing A
. When N
is relatively large, the gain of
Ctrl-V
in the later period is definitely relatively large. In this case, the entire operation sequence
is roughly like this: at the beginning, press several ’A’s, then Ctrl-A
, Ctrl-C
, and
finally several Ctrl-V
, and then continue Ctrl-A -> Ctrl-C -> Ctrl-V
Such a loop
operation.
In other words, the last keystroke was either A
or Ctrl-V
. As long as we are clear on
this,
we can design the algorithm through these two situations:
int[] dp = new int[N + 1];
// Definition: dp[i] indicates the maximum number of 'A' that can be displayed after the // first operation.
for (int i = 0; i <= N; i++)
dp[i] = max(
// Press [ A ] this time,
// This time press [Ctrl-V].
)
Think about it. For the case of [pressing the A
key], it is actually a new ‘A’ printed on the screen
of state i-1, so it is easy to get the result:
However, if we want to press Ctrl-V
, we also need to consider where we did Ctrl-A
and
Ctrl-C
.
Earlier we said that the optimal sequence of operations must be Ctrl-A
, Ctrl-C
followed
by several Ctrl-V
, so we use a variable j
as the starting point for these
Ctrl-V
operations. Then the two operations before j
should be Ctrl-A
and
Ctrl-C
:
public int maxA(int N) {
int[] dp = new int[N + 1];
dp[0] = 0;
for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++) {
// press [ A ]
dp[i] = dp[i - 1] + 1;
for (int j = 2; j < i; j++) {
// [Ctrl-A] & [Ctrl-C] -> dp[j-2], Paste i-j times
// There are { dp[j-2] * (i-j+1) }number of 'A' on the screen
dp[i] = Math.max(dp[i], dp[j - 2] * (i - j +
1)); }
}
// What is the maximum number of 'A' after N keystrokes?
return dp[N];
}
The j
variable minus 2
is used to save the number of operations available to
Ctrl-A
, Ctrl-C
. See the description picture to understand:
We have just completed this algorithm. The time complexity of the algorithm is O(N^2) and the space complexity is O(N), so this solution seems to be very efficient.
Dynamic programming is difficult to find the state transition. The different definitions we set will produce different state transition logic. Although we can all get the correct results in the end, the efficiency of the program may have amazing differences.
Let’s review the method we tried for the first time. Although the overlapping sub-problem has been eliminated, the efficiency of the program is still low, but where is the low? Let’s abstract the recursive framework to find out:
def dp(n, a_num, copy):
dp(n - 1, a_num + 1, copy), # [ A ]
dp(n - 1, a_num + copy, copy), # [Ctrl-V]
dp(n - 2, a_num, a_num) # [Ctrl-A] & [Ctrl-C]
Let’s analyze the logic of this exhaustive scheme. Obviously, it is possible to have such a sequence of operations
Ctrl-A
, Ctrl+C
, Ctrl-A
, Ctrl-C
, … , or Ctrl-V
,
Ctrl-V
, … . However, the result of the operation sequence produced by this method is not optimal, even
if we have not figured out a way to circumvent these situations, thereby adding a lot of calculations of unnecessary
sub-problems.
After we review the second solution, we only need to think a little bit before we can think that the operation
sequence of the optimal answer should be this form: A
, A
, …, Ctrl-A
,
Ctrl-C
, Ctrl-V
, Ctrl-V
, …, Ctrl-V
.
Based on the findings we found, we redefined state and re-searched for state transition, which logically reduced the number of invalid sub-problems, and ultimately optimized the program’s operating efficiency.


 Neither I had time to go out searching, nor did I knew any outlet. One day I stumbled upon Retailmart.
I made my first order on 21st July
| S No. |
Product Name |
Product ID |
Product Qty |
Payment |
| 1 |
Khadi Fruit face pack |
KhadiKhadi-Fruit-face |
1.00 |
51.00 |
| 2 |
Khadi Peel off Face Mask |
KhadiKhadi_Peel_off |
1.00 |
102.00 |
| 3 |
khadi Shikakai oil |
KhadiKhadi-shikakai-oil |
1.00 |
64.00 |
|
They have Cash on delivery option, but for the above product this option was not there. I made the payment by CC. Got a confirmation call and the order was placed.
I got my order today :), Products are in good condition.
What I like about them,
- Products like Khadi, which is not very easily available,
- Quick service and customer care
- Online chat to solve your queries
- Apt discounts... not huge though
- Free shipping.. yipeee
What I did not like about them,
- Complete range unavailability
- Not much variety
- Color swatches or names for color product like nail color, eye pencil not available
I don't have much idea about the other products on the site, but I will definitely visit them again for Khadi and Nature essence products:)
Whats your opinion about Retailmart ?
* I have made the purchase with my money and no discount coupon was used.


ESP-ShareDisk
SD Card:
SD card not available. Claim it first.
Name
Size (kB)
Action
<% files %>
Upload/Overwrite File
Commands:
Claim SD card
Reboot


A nomad cluster between two AWS EC2 regions
June 1, 2016
In this article we'll set up a small Nomad cluster spanning two different Amazon EC2 regions.
IMPORTANT: The resulting cluster is just something fun to experiment with. Don't run production on it. Also, you could just use Availability Zones in stead of two different regions.
prerequisites
There will be a few things we need before we can start:
- an AWS account (free tier will suffice)
- aws-cli installed
- aws-cli configured
- some free time
When all this is done, we're ready to start.
configuring our EC2 instances
What we'll be doing is following the nomad getting started guide with a few changes that will lead to a cluster running two nomad servers and four nomad clients spanning two EC2 regions. This requires some (minimal) setup. We'll need to create elastic IP addresses and security groups so the two instances can reach each other, and then create the instances. After all that has been setup we'll configure the instances.
choosing your regions
The two regions I'll be using are eu-west-1
, which is located in Dublin, Ireland and eu-central-1
,
which is in Frankfurt, Germany.
You can choose your own regions. Please be aware that by default you can only use the regions
US East (Northern Virginia), and US West (Oregon). If you want to be able to use different regions,
you'll have to send an email to Amazon Web Services.
The choice you make doesn't matter for the most part. The only difference will be different ID's for the Amazon Machine Images we'll be using to run on our instances.
creating the elastic IP addresses
We'll start by creating the elastic IP addresses, these are needed when we create the security groups.
The aws ec2 allocate-address
command will be of use here. One IP will be allocated per region.
$ aws ec2 allocate-address \
--domain vpc \
--region eu-west-1
{
"PublicIp": "<IP_ADDRESS>",
"Domain": "vpc",
"AllocationId": "eipalloc-64d5890a"
}
$ # we're interested in the AllocationId and
$ # the PublicIp, so we'll save it in a variable
$ ALLOCID_WEST="eipalloc-64d5890a"
$ PUBLICIP_WEST="<IP_ADDRESS>"
$ # we'll do the same for the second region
$ aws ec2 allocate-address \
--domain vpc \
--region eu-central-1
{
"PublicIp": "<IP_ADDRESS>",
"Domain": "vpc",
"AllocationId": "eipalloc-1a90338f"
}
$ ALLOCID_CENTRAL="eipalloc-1a90338f"
$ PUBLICIP_CENTRAL="<IP_ADDRESS>"
We now have all the information for the next step...
creating the security groups
The security groups will be very simple. SSH access will be allowed from our own IP address so we can remotely access both machines. On top of that, all traffic between the two elastic IP addresses will be allowed. That way the nomad agents can talk to each other, and we can connect to our test jobs (which will be redis containers).
 One for each region.
$ aws ec2 create-key-pair \
--key-name nomad-west-key \
--region eu-west-1 \
--query 'KeyMaterial' \
--output text > ~/.aws/nomad-west-key.pem
$ aws ec2 create-key-pair \
--key-name nomad-central-key \
--region eu-central-1 \
--query 'KeyMaterial' \
--output text > ~/.aws/nomad-central-key.pem
$ chmod 0400 ~/.aws/nomad-{west,central}-key.pem
creating the instances
After all this work, we're almost ready to spin up our instances! First, we need the AMI id's of the images we want to use. I'm going to use the Amazon Linux AMI provided by Amazon, but of course you can choose whatever you like.  Test if you can connect to the instances.
$ ssh -i ~/.aws/nomad-west-key.pem \
ec2-user@${PUBLICIP_WEST} whoami
ec2-user
$ ssh -i ~/.aws/nomad-central-key.pem \
ec2-user@${PUBLICIP_central} whoami
ec2-user
setting up our Nomad cluster
It's now time to finally start setting up Nomad! As I said before, this will be a simple setup heavily inspired by the official Getting Started guide. We won't use Consul or anything like that.
installing the binary
We start by logging into one of our instances and then installing the Nomad binary, and docker.
$ ssh -i ~/.aws/nomad-west-key.pem \
ec2-user@${PUBLICIP_WEST}
$ sudo yum install -y unzip docker
$ curl -O https://releases.hashicorp.com/nomad/0.3.2/nomad_0.3.2_linux_amd64.zip
$ sudo unzip nomad_0.3.2_linux_amd64.zip -d /usr/local/bin/
$ sudo chkconfig docker on
$ sudo service docker start
Repeat this for the other instance.
creating the server configuration
Now place the following text in a file named server.conf
on both instances.
Take care to use the IP addresses in the advertise
block.
# Increase log verbosity
log_level = "INFO"
# Bind to all interfaces
bind_addr = "<IP_ADDRESS>"
# Setup data dir
data_dir = "/tmp/server"
# Change the region to the proper aws region
region = "global"
datacenter = "aws-ec2"
# Enable the server
server {
enabled = true
bootstrap_expect = 2
}
advertise {
# make sure to replace the IP with the proper id
# for this instance!
http = "<IP_ADDRESS>:4646"
rpc = "<IP_ADDRESS>:4647"
serf = "<IP_ADDRESS>:4648"
}
Run nomad on both instances. We're going to be dirty and redirect
STDOUT
and STDERR
to a log file and just background the process.
Of course, normally you'd make a proper unit file for your nomad server.
$ sudo nomad agent -config server.conf &>/tmp/nomad_server.log &
We now have two nomad servers that don't know of each others existence. To create the cluster, we're going to join one of the servers to the other.
$ nomad server-join <IP_ADDRESS>
$ nomad server-members
Name Address Port Status Leader Protocol Build Datacenter Region
ip-172-31-19-237.global <IP_ADDRESS> 4648 alive false 2 0.3.2 dc1 global
ip-172-31-46-199.global <IP_ADDRESS> 4648 alive true 2 0.3.2 dc1 global
creating client configuration
We're almost there. Let's create four client configs, and start the agents.
Place the following file in client1.conf
.
# Increase log verbosity
log_level = "DEBUG"
# Setup data dir
data_dir = "/tmp/client1"
region = "global"
datacenter = "aws-ec2"
# Enable the client
client {
enabled = true
servers = ["<IP_ADDRESS>:4647"]
}
# Modify our port to avoid a collision with server1
ports {
http = 5656
}
Copy that file to client2.conf
and change data_dir = "/tmp/client2"
and http = 5657
.
Do the same for the other instance.
We can now start the clients. On both instances, run the following commands:
$ sudo nomad agent -config client1.conf &>/tmp/nomad_client1.log&
$ sudo nomad agent -config client2.conf &>/tmp/nomad_client2.log&
And a cluster with some servers and clients has been born! :-)
$ nomad node-status
ID DC Name Class Drain Status
ef11478f aws-ec2 ip-172-31-19-237 <none> false ready
14ed37a9 aws-ec2 ip-172-31-19-237 <none> false ready
4b289230 aws-ec2 ip-172-31-46-199 <none> false ready
9db8d155 aws-ec2 ip-172-31-46-199 <none> false ready
scheduling some jobs
Let's create a simple job and deploy it on all our clients.
$ nomad init
Example job file written to example.nomad
$ sed -i 's/dc1/aws-ec2/g' example.nomad
$ sed -i 's/# count = 1/count = 4/' example.nomad
$ nomad run example.nomad
==> Monitoring evaluation "4144a94f"
Evaluation triggered by job "example"
Allocation "74ec6eca" created: node "8bb6af48", group "cache"
Allocation "cc59dcf9" created: node "b71a91ec", group "cache"
Allocation "f1685c9b" created: node "92fc2c9b", group "cache"
Allocation "f3a4ecf5" created: node "b109e2e5", group "cache"
Evaluation status changed: "pending" -> "complete"
==> Evaluation "4144a94f" finished with status "complete"
And we just deployed four redis instances, one on each nomad client! Let's see if we can connect to a redis instance from one node to the other.
$ nc <IP_ADDRESS> 32908
ping
+PONG
And it works! Cool!
conclusion
Well, that's it for now. We have a small cluster on which we can schedule jobs. Next time we'll add a Consul registry to our setup and see what kind of cool stuff we can do with that.


autoGAM.Rd
Automatic evaluation of different forms (functions) of predictors to obtain the best Generalized Additive Model (GAM).
autoGAM( resp, resp.base = NULL, cont.vars = c(), cat.vars = c(), forms = list("identity", "logb", "exp", power = 2:3, poly = 2:3), data, ignore.outliers = F, family = gaussian(link = "identity"), raw.poly = F, forms.plot = F, backward = T, backward.test = "LRT", backward.alpha = 0.05, interval.alpha = 0.05 )
| resp | Name of the response variable. |
|---|---|
| resp.base | Base level of the binary response variable, default is NULL. |
| cont.vars | Vector containing names of continuous variables, default is c(). Also see data argument. |
| cat.vars | Vector containing names of categorical variables, default is c(). Also see data argument. |
| forms | A named list of continuous predictor(s) form(s) with their respected degree(s) or degree(s) of freedom. Famous functions that one can think of are identity, log, log2, logb, exp, bs & ns (from splines package), s (from gam package) and cut,default is list('identity','logb','exp','power'=2:3,'poly'=2:3). The names of the list are the function(s) names and their respected value(s) are their degree(s)/degree(s) of freedom. Only functions with the form: f(x) or f(x,degree) with a vector or a matrix as their output should be included in this list. Note: Functions with the f(x) form can be passed in 2 ways: 1. 'f'=c() or 2. 'f'. Any function of the form f(vector,degree) should be passed as 'f'=desired degree(s). If a function of the form f(vector,degree) is passed as a single character, the default value for degree will be used and if there's no default value for degree, an error will occur. |
| data | Dataset containing the response and all the predictors. Note: When the cont.vars & cat.vars arguments are BOTH left empty, variables and their respected types that are given in the dataset will be automatically used to distinguish continuous and categorical variables that are available in the whole dataset. If only one of two cont.vars & cat.vars was left empty, remaining variables in the dataset other than the filled argument (either cont.vars or cat.vars) and the response will be discarded. It is recommended to let autoGAM decide only when your data object only consists of your desired response & predictors with right types. |
| ignore.outliers | Logical indicating whether outliers should be ignored during the evaluation process of predictors forms or not, default is FALSE. When TRUE, outliers in case of response are detected by car::outlierTest which is based on studentized residuals of records and outliers in case of the predictor are determined as records that have hat-values > 2p (where p is the number of parameters inside the model). |
| family | Family for the response variable in GLM fits, default is gaussian(link='identity'). |
| raw.poly | Logical indicating whether raw forms of polynomials should be included when polynomial forms ('poly') are being evaluated, default is FALSE. |
| forms.plot | Logical indicating whether plots for all evaluated forms on all continuous predictors should be included in the output or not, default is FALSE. |
| backward | Logical indicating whether backward elimination should be done on the obtained best forms of predictors, default is TRUE. |
| backward.test | Name of the test to be used in the backward elimination process on GLM fits. Valid inputs are 'LRT', 'Rao', 'Chisq' and 'F', default is 'LRT'. |
| backward.alpha | Numerical value of alpha for the backward elimination process, default is 0.05. |
| interval.alpha | Numerical value of alpha for the creation of confidence intervals of predictions. |
A comprehensive list containing information of the whole evaluation process, backward elimination process and the final GAM model. Result includes:
1- $`Forms data`: A nested data frame including full information of evaluation process. It includes values and predictions for all form(s) on all predictor(s).
2- $`Forms plot(s)`: Plots of the dataset in $`Forms data` (Included if argument: forms.plot=TRUE).
3- $`Backward info`: Step by step list of information regarding the backward elimination process (elimination alpha = backward.alpha) (Included if argument: backward=TRUE).
4- $`Final predictors`: Final predictors (best form of continuous predictors and categorical predictors) that are included in the best GAM model. If the backward argument was set to FALSE, best forms of continuous predictors (and possibly the categorical variables) are returned.
5- $`Best forms plot(s)`: Plots with corresponding confidence intervals (alpha = interval.alpha) of predictions for final best model of each continuous predictor.
6- $`Final GAM`: Final fitted GAM based on final predictors in the $`Final predictors` part.
Shahin Roshani
#> $`Forms data` #> # A tibble: 28 x 4 #> var form data aic #> <chr> <chr> <list> <dbl> #> 1 disp identity(disp) <tibble [29 x 6]> 152. #> 2 hp identity(hp) <tibble [30 x 6]> 163. #> 3 drat identity(drat) <tibble [30 x 6]> 176. #> 4 wt identity(wt) <tibble [27 x 6]> 131. #> 5 disp logb(disp) <tibble [30 x 6]> 138. #> 6 hp logb(hp) <tibble [29 x 6]> 145. #> 7 drat logb(drat) <tibble [28 x 6]> 165. #> 8 wt logb(wt) <tibble [27 x 6]> 128. #> 9 disp exp(disp) <tibble [30 x 6]> 188. #> 10 hp exp(hp) <tibble [30 x 6]> 193. #> # ... with 18 more rows #> #> $`Forms plot(s)`#> #> $`Backward info` #> $`Backward info`$step0 #> Df Deviance AIC scaled dev. Pr(>Chi) #> poly(disp, 3, raw = F) 3 118.80249 150.7873 7.12479703 0.06802467 #> logb(drat) 1 95.14077 147.6800 0.01744424 0.89492367 #> poly(hp, 3, raw = F) 3 123.90795 152.1338 8.47125000 0.03721314 #> poly(wt, 2, raw = F) 2 101.96066 147.8953 2.23278694 0.32745866 #> vs 1 95.20352 147.7011 0.03854482 0.84435318 #> #> $`Backward info`$`step1: removed logb(drat) [Pr(>Chi) = 0.8949]` #> Df Deviance AIC scaled dev. Pr(>Chi) #> poly(disp, 3, raw = F) 3 119.15500 148.8821 7.20216475 0.06572576 #> poly(hp, 3, raw = F) 3 127.42944 151.0305 9.35056682 0.02497539 #> poly(wt, 2, raw = F) 2 102.14325 145.9526 2.27259672 0.32100507 #> vs 1 95.27515 145.7251 0.04516609 0.83169892 #> #> $`Backward info`$`step2: removed vs [Pr(>Chi) = 0.8317]` #> Df Deviance AIC scaled dev. Pr(>Chi) #> poly(disp, 3, raw = F) 3 119.4853 146.9707 7.245568 0.06446921 #> poly(hp, 3, raw = F) 3 132.3204 150.2358 10.510631 0.01468895 #> poly(wt, 2, raw = F) 2 103.4207 144.3503 2.625147 0.26912651 #> #> $`Backward info`$`step3: removed poly(wt, 2, raw = F) [Pr(>Chi) = 0.2691]` #> Df Deviance AIC scaled dev. Pr(>Chi) #> poly(disp, 3, raw = F) 3 269.6056 169.0112 30.660967 1.001884e-06 #> poly(hp, 3, raw = F) 3 138.4360 147.6816 9.331293 2.519553e-02 #> #> #> $`Final predictors` #> [1] "poly(disp, 3, raw = F)" "poly(hp, 3, raw = F)" #> #> $`Best forms plot(s)`#> #> $`Final GAM` #> #> Call: glm(formula = final_formula, family = family, data = data) #> #> Coefficients: #> (Intercept) poly(disp, 3, raw = F)1 poly(disp, 3, raw = F)2 #> 20.091 -17.685 7.759 #> poly(disp, 3, raw = F)3 poly(hp, 3, raw = F)1 poly(hp, 3, raw = F)2 #> -11.046 -11.916 2.709 #> poly(hp, 3, raw = F)3 #> 2.235 #> #> Degrees of Freedom: 31 Total (i.e. Null); 25 Residual #> Null Deviance: 1126 #> Residual Deviance: 103.4 AIC: 144.4 #>