Phoenix, Phillips to rejoin for ‘Joker’ sequel
The origin story of the Gotham villian has become the highest grossing R-rated film of all time
by IANSDirector Todd Phillips is likely to reteam with star Joaquin Phoenix for a sequel to the $1 billion-grossing R-rated hit Joker, says a source.
Talk of the sequel has been rife since the film’s critically acclaimed premiere at the Venice film festival in August, but confirmation has proved elusive, reports theguardian.com.
According to the Hollywood Reporter, such a project is now in final-stage discussion, with the publication asserting that Phillips and Phoenix are “likely to reteam”.
The director will write the screenplay to the sequel along with co-writer Scott Silver, with whom he worked on the original’s script, sources told the Hollywood Reporter.
The initial box office numbers scored by Joker were enough for Warner Bros to agree to Phillips’s request to direct another DC Comics origins story — tipped to be Lex Luthor. Batman is already being shot by Matt Reeves, with Robert Pattinson in the lead.


DIARY OF A SEDUCER (director: Daniele Dubroux; cast: Chiara Mastroianni(Claire), Melvil Poupaud (Gregoire Moreau), Hubert Saint-Macary (Hubert Markus), Mathieu Amalric(Sebastien), Daniele Dubroux (Anne), Jean-Pierre Leaud (Hugo), Micheline Presle (Diane), Serge Merlin (scientist), 1995-Fr.)
The movie is very loosely adapted from Soren Kierkegaard's early treatise on beauty, infatuation and the power of intellectual persuasion. An old copy of the Danish philosopher's work is passed from person to person to act as a love potion, as it turns those who possess it into becoming irrational romantics.
The film is a romantic comedy, with the trappings for a detective story thrown in for good measure, as murder somehow gets into the story, with the help of all the vulnerable and oddball characters who are involved in the romantic shenanigans going on. But the explicit sex is kept to the minimum; instead, it uses the need to find romance as a form of irony to point out the thin line that separates love from madness. The film is very brutal on psychoanalysts and their pet theories. It pretends to be supportive of philosophy and its intrinsic intellectual powers that society has very little value for, but does not move the film in that direction. Instead, it opts for light comedy.
Gregoire Moreau (Melvil Poupaud) is a philosophy student who looks a lot like the young Greenwich Village Bob Dylan looked ...his diabolical aim is to score girls, and the Diary is the perfect prop for him to do this. We pick up the tale, when he lays his trap for Claire (Chiara Mastroianni), a college student, who is undergoing psychoanalysis. All the characters in this story have some problem with understanding who they are and what are the boundaries for their behavior. So, even if the story tends to be implausible, it still makes sense in a nonsense sort of way, as Claire, soon after reading the Diary, drops the virginal and sexually ambivalent suitor Sebastien (Mathieu Amalric), who has somehow managed to move in with her and her single mother, Anne (Daniele), who happens to be a doctor. The chemistry is much better between Sebastien and Anne, a match that no one can possibly believe should be taking place, but is funny to watch as the opinionated and pushy Sebastien operates his inane charm on the sophisticated and attractive older woman, until she nearly makes a complete fool of herself. He does this without having read the Diary, but is working on his own diary, which Anne reads and is insulted but somewhat flattered by, reading the immaturity of his statements about her that he wrote in the diary, of how he would like to conquer her since her daughter has rejected him.
Hugo (Jean-Pierre Leaud) who seems to be reduced to playing small parts as weirdoes in recent films, I'm thinking of films like IRMA VEP, is smashing in his role as the former professor of Gregoire who has gone mad after reading the Diary, waxing on at a party about his love for the stand-offish Diane (Micheline), who is the agoraphobic, former actress grandmother of Gregoire. At his party, which he invited thirty guests, he manages only to lure Claire and a late arrival and two musicians playing music from India, who all leave after seeing how bizarre Hugo is, waving a gun, talking about suicide if he can't have Diane, and ranting like a lunatic.
The main focus of the story is about the developing relationship between the nice girl Claire and the stealth, quiet-spoken Gregoire. Claire, dependent on her all-knowing shrink, Hubert (Hubert), for answers, naturally she tells him about the Diary, Gregoire, and the corpse she found in the refrigerator of his apartment. The shrink reads the Diary and falls madly in love with Claire, losing hold of himself and endangering his marriage, this is in contrast to his previously superior rational couch-side manner he had when doing a therapy session. He is now in need of a shrink, himself.
With all these characters and precarious situations abounding, the movie still had a flatness to it, though, admittedly, in some spots the craziness of the characters was hilarious. The flatness is derived from some spark that is missing from the film. As for me, I wasn't taken with the main character, Gregoire, and therefore, had little interest in his strange love affair and his affixation with magic. The story itself was weakened by its not being developed further. It seemed to be thrown together as if it were a series of comedy skits. The film did have a good sense of tongue-in-cheek humor, keeping it lighthearted. But for a film about a book a great philosopher wrote, not to be thoughtful, is in my humble opinion, only an example of a filmmaker trying so hard to be devilish but succeeding only in becoming vulgar in a Philistine way.
REVIEWED ON 2/21/99 GRADE: C
Dennis Schwartz: "Movie Reviews"
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Getting started¶
This guide will walk you through the steps necessary to understand, install, and use QIIME 2 for your own microbiome analyses:
- Familiarize yourself with the core concepts of QIIME 2 before starting to use the system.
- Install QIIME 2.
- Work through the tutorials to learn how to use QIIME 2 to perform microbiome analyses. We recommend starting with the Moving Pictures tutorial, followed by the FMT study and Atacama Desert soils tutorials.
- Try out other interfaces. QIIME 2 supports multiple user interfaces, and you’ve only been exposed to q2cli, a command line interface, so far. If you are interested in using a different interface for your QIIME 2 analyses, explore the interfaces that are currently available. For example, check out the QIIME 2 Studio if you are looking for a graphical user interface, and the Artifact API if you are wanting to use a Python 3 API optimized for the Jupyter Notebook.


Boston Cream Pie
Boston's famous dessert, a combination of yellow cake, vanilla pudding, and chocolate frosting.
Boston's famous dessert, a combination of yellow cake, vanilla pudding, and chocolate frosting.
Coconut cream pie will take you to an island escape. Especially delicious in winter.
Key lime pie is based on the tiny key limes from Florida. These limes are less sour than conventional limes.
A staple of every Thanksgiving dinner table, pumpkin pie is delicious any time of year.
Key lime pie is based on the tiny key limes from Florida. These limes are less sour than conventional limes.
A staple of every Thanksgiving dinner table, pumpkin pie is delicious any time of year.
Boston's famous dessert, a combination of yellow cake, vanilla pudding, and chocolate frosting.
Coconut cream pie will take you to an island escape. Especially delicious in winter.
Boston's famous dessert, a combination of yellow cake, vanilla pudding, and chocolate frosting.


How to get a tech internship
2014 10 30 Living Phoneless
I haven't had a phone since early October.
Food for Auth
The New Release Dashboard
Check out the new and improved release dashboard!
I haven't had a phone since early October.
Check out the new and improved release dashboard!


urd [-?AhcdDmMOux] [-a authorized_users_file] [-b local_ip] [-B local_port] [-o otp_db] [-p passwd_file] [-P pid_file] [-s secret_file] [-S auth_service_name] [-V service_name] [-w otp_window]
The urd daemon implements a minimal subset of the RADIUS protocol for user authentication with optional One Time Passwords. Accounting is not supported. Configuration files include a passwd file in Unix passwd(5) format, an optional authorized_users file for authenticating with a subset of the passwd file, a secret file for the shared RADIUS secret, and otp_db for One Time Password support.
The passwd_file and authorized_users_file are cached in memory for performance. To safely update these files with the server running while avoiding race conditions first remove both files, update authorized_users, then use rename(2) to atomically move the new passwd into place. urd will then automatically reload the newer passwd and authorized_users files. If these files are not available during a user authentication the cached in memory database is used. They must be available when urd starts.
The OTP database can safely be manipulated with otp-control while the server is running. OTP user records are locked using flock(2) before any Read Modify Write operations are performed.
An alternate OTP database can be specified as otb_db.
PAM authentication is optionally supported for passwords. PAM can be configured as the sole means of authentication, or the locally configured password file may be used as a method of selecting valid users to later be authenticated with PAM. PAM can be used for the reusable password, the OTP API is always used for two factor authentication.
The secret file contains the key shared by the RADIUS NAS and RADIUS server. It must be less than 32 bytes.
Two Special user names, urd_debug and urd_stats, which if configured to authenticate successfully will toggle debugging and dump the internal state and request cache respectively. If these users are not configured with a password this feature will be disabled.
Specify an alternate location for the authorized_users_file.
The authorized_users_file contains one username per line. When configured this option requires a user to be listed in authorized_users_file for authentication to proceed with the password and One Time Password functions.
Disable authorized_users feature. This option must be set if the authorized_users_file is not used.
Specify an IP address to bind(2) to. The default behavior will bind to INADDR_ANY.
Specify the local UDP port to bind(2) to. The default behavior will bind to UDP port 1812.
Force count to be passed to RADIUS NAS. Not all devices will be able to display this field.
Enable verbose debugging.
Disable daemon mode. When specified urd will not run in the background and stdout is available for debugging information.
Authenticate with PAM. The user must be present in the local password and optionally authorized users files before PAM authentication.
Authenticate with PAM. The local password file is not consulted.
Specify an alternate location for the One Time Password database otp_db.
Disable the use of One Time Passwords.
Specify an alternate location for the passwd file. The passwd file is in Unix passwd(5) format. Fields beyond the username and password hash are ignored. The users password is hashed with crypt(3) and compared to the hash stored in this file for authentication.
Specify an alternate location for a file containing the process ID of the RADIUS server. If a listen IP address or non standard UDP listen port is configured the PID filename will contain the IP address and port to differentiate it from other instances of urd running on the same server.
Specify an alternate location for the secret_file. The secret_file contains the shared secret between the NAS and RADIUS server and must be less than 32 bytes.
Specify an alternate name for the PAM authentication service. Defaults to urd.
Allow users which do not exist in the OTP database to successfully authenticate without using a One Time Password, only a valid password will be required.
Set service name for send-token function.
Display software version.
Set the OTP challenge window.
Drop every other RADIUS request from a NAS. This is a debugging feature intended to stress test the reply cache code. The reply cache implements state retention required for the use of One Time Passwords.
The following command will start the urd server, bind it to IP address <IP_ADDRESS>, authenticate users with passwords in /var/urd/passwd, use /var/urd/secret as the shared secret with the NAS, authenticate users using one time passwords in /var/urd/HOTP.db, enable debugging, and run in the foreground.
urd -b <IP_ADDRESS> -p /var/urd/passwd -s /var/urd/secret -o /var/urd/HOTP.db -d -D


Welcome to <insert name>
Select your choice of our selection of burgers
This is where you need to make a choice
The classic homemade burger
- Made the traditional way
- Meat
- Served warmed
The double burger
- Made in China
- Double the meat
- Buns are well baked
The fatty attack
- Extra fries
- Contains meat
- Wood stick through the burger
Provide your information
Tell us who you are and where you live


Facebook, Amazon And Cisco Fail To Join The “New Highs” NASDAQ Rally
by John NavinYou would think that certain highly recognizable big name NASDAQ stocks mentioned every day in the financial media would be doing better price-wise than they have been lately. While stock market indices like the Standard and Poor’s 500, the NASDAQ Composite and the Dow Jones Industrial Average just keep on hitting new highs, 3 widely-followed favorites can’t quite keep up.
Facebook, Amazon and Cisco Systems are not making new high prices. Chief Executive Officers of each company – Mark Zuckerberg, Jeff Bezos and Chuck Robbins are profiled and quoted regularly but I haven’t seen anything they’ve said lately about why they might be under-performing the broad indices.
Here’s the daily price chart of the NASDAQ Composite:
The broad index surpassed the July peak in early November and this week climbed to even higher highs. Generally speaking, this type of breakout signifies confidence in the ability of the economy to sustain growth.
That’s why it’s peculiar to see such a widely followed name as Facebook unable to continue higher with the rest of the crowd. Here’s the daily price chart for Mark Zuckerberg’s huge data-collection operation:
This week’s price is obviously much lower than the July peak. The red circled blankness indicates how much further Facebook needs to go to meet the previous high. It’s quite a divergence from such a high profile NASDAQ stock.
Here’s the daily chart of Amazon:
You can clearly make out how the stock is nowhere near a new high – again, significantly diverging from the wider NASDAQ group of stocks. This week’s closing price is at the bottom of the red circled area – it would have to rise to the top of that circle to meet the July peak.
Here’s the daily chart for Cisco Systems:
The price high came in July. This week, while the NASDAQ Composite hit widely publicized higher highs, this stock did not even come close. The extent of Cisco’s decline from the summertime peak is apparent in the big red circle of lack of gain.
That such well regarded big names are failing to keep up with the broader index might be a problem for continued upward movement in the index. From the standpoint of simple price chart analysis, you would want such stocks to be leading, not falling behind.
That said, it is true that these stocks could now begin to turn around and rally and that the NASDAQ could continue to rise – anything is possible. It’s the stock market. Good luck.
Stats courtesy of FinViz.com.
I do not hold positions in these investments. No recommendations are made one way or the other. If you're an investor, you'd want to look much deeper into each of these situations. You can lose money trading or investing in stocks and other instruments. Always do your own independent research, due diligence and seek professional advice from a licensed investment advisor.


---
layout: post
title: arriving at my home tube station late last night i
date: '2009-12-08T23:32:52+00:00'
tags: []
tumblr_url: http://backlog.robbevan.com/post/275227093/arriving-at-my-home-tube-station-late-last-night-i
---
Arriving at my home tube station late last night I was greete… on Twitpic


Click on a line number to bring up the code wizard.
Save and Load will save to / load from the browser cache.
To load and save your work to/from your local file system,
use Download and Upload.
The graphics and sound URLs are subject to CORS limitations,
so it's recommended you use data URLs.
A sprite editor is provided. It has CellScript import/export functions.
These are based on a tilemap statement with a data URL that you can
copy/paste as text.


|
Robust Distributed Pose Graph Optimization
This project presents a distributed pose graph optimization approach robust to outlier measurments among the inter-robot loop closures.
|
Class that contains the measurements of a single robot. More...
#include <robot_measurements.h>
Public Member Functions | |
| RobotMeasurements (const graph_utils::Transforms &transforms, const graph_utils::LoopClosures &loop_closures) | |
| Constructor. More... | |
| virtual const graph_utils::Transforms & | getTransforms () const |
| Accessor. More... | |
| virtual const size_t & | getNumPoses () const |
| Accessor. More... | |
| virtual const graph_utils::LoopClosures & | getLoopClosures () const |
| Accessor. More... | |
| virtual const uint8_t & | getNbDegreeFreedom () const |
| Accessor. More... | |
Protected Attributes | |
| graph_utils::Transforms | transforms_ |
| std::map containing all the local measurements of the robot. More... | |
| size_t | num_poses_ |
| Number of poses in the map. More... | |
| graph_utils::LoopClosures | loop_closures_ |
| std::vector containing the ID pairs of the loop closures More... | |
| uint8_t | nb_degree_freedom_ |
| Number of degree of freedom of the measurements, typically 3 in 2D and 6 in 3D. More... | |
Class that contains the measurements of a single robot.
The measurements are in the TransformMap and LoopClosures contains the nodes IDs f the loop closures.
| robot_local_map::RobotMeasurements::RobotMeasurements | ( | const graph_utils::Transforms & | transforms, |
| const graph_utils::LoopClosures & | loop_closures | ||
| ) |
Constructor.
| file_name |
|
virtual |
Accessor.
|
virtual |
Accessor.
|
virtual |
Accessor.
|
virtual |
Accessor.
|
protected |
std::vector containing the ID pairs of the loop closures
|
protected |
Number of degree of freedom of the measurements, typically 3 in 2D and 6 in 3D.
|
protected |
Number of poses in the map.
|
protected |
std::map containing all the local measurements of the robot.


Wikimash
Javascript must be enabled for this page to function.
© 2020 Lucas Towers
luctowers@gmail.com


Fetching Prismic.io data from a browser
The Javascript kit can be used server-side, but also client-side.
API enpoint:
Go!


Distributed PaddlePaddle Training on AWS with Kubernetes¶
We will show you step by step on how to run distributed PaddlePaddle training on AWS cluster with Kubernetes. Let’s start from core concepts.
Distributed PaddlePaddle Training Core Concepts¶
Distributed Training Job¶
A distributed training job is represented by a Kubernetes job.
Each Kuberentes job is described by a job config file, which specifies the information like the number of pods in the job and environment variables.
In a distributed training job, we would:
- prepare partitioned training data and configuration file on a distributed file system (in this tutorial we use Amazon Elastic File System), and
- create and submit the Kubernetes job config to the Kubernetes cluster to start the training job.
Parameter Servers and Trainers¶
There are two roles in a PaddlePaddle cluster: parameter server (pserver) and trainer. Each parameter server process maintains a shard of the global model. Each trainer has its local copy of the model, and uses its local data to update the model. During the training process, trainers send model updates to parameter servers, parameter servers are responsible for aggregating these updates, so that trainers can synchronize their local copy with the global model.
In order to communicate with pserver, trainer needs to know the ip address of each pserver. In kubernetes it’s better to use a service discovery mechanism (e.g., DNS hostname) rather than static ip address, since any pserver’s pod may be killed and a new pod could be schduled onto another node of different ip address. However, now we are using static ip. This will be improved.
Parameter server and trainer are packaged into a same docker image. They will run once pod is scheduled by kubernetes job.
Trainer ID¶
Each trainer process requires a trainer ID, a zero-based index value, passed in as a command-line parameter. The trainer process thus reads the data partition indexed by this ID.
Training¶
The entry-point of a container is a shell script. It can see some environment variables pre-defined by Kubernetes. This includes one that gives the job’s identity, which can be used in a remote call to the Kubernetes apiserver that lists all pods in the job.
We rank each pod by sorting them by their ips. The rank of each pod could be the “pod ID”. Because we run one trainer and one parameter server in each pod, we can use this “pod ID” as the trainer ID. A detailed workflow of the entry-point script is as follows:
- Query the api server to get pod information, and assign the
trainer_id
by sorting the ip. - Copy the training data from EFS persistent volume into container.
- Parse the
paddle pserver
andpaddle trainer
startup parameters from environment variables, and then start up the processes. - Trainer with
train_id
0 will automatically write results onto EFS volume.
PaddlePaddle on AWS with Kubernetes¶
Choose AWS Service Region¶
This tutorial requires several AWS services work in the same region. Before we create anything in AWS, please check the following link https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/global-infrastructure/regional-product-services/ Choose a region which has the following services available: EC2, EFS, VPS, CloudFormation, KMS, VPC, S3. In this tutorial, we use “Oregon(us-west-2)” as example.
Create AWS Account and IAM Account¶
Under each AWS account, we can create multiple IAM users. This allows us to grant some privileges to each IAM user and to create/operate AWS clusters as an IAM user.
To sign up an AWS account, please follow this guide. To create IAM users and user groups under an AWS account, please follow this guide.
Please be aware that this tutorial needs the following privileges for the user in IAM:
- AmazonEC2FullAccess
- AmazonS3FullAccess
- AmazonRoute53FullAccess
- AmazonRoute53DomainsFullAccess
- AmazonElasticFileSystemFullAccess
- AmazonVPCFullAccess
- IAMUserSSHKeys
- IAMFullAccess
- NetworkAdministrator
- AWSKeyManagementServicePowerUser
Download kube-aws and kubectl¶
kube-aws¶
kube-aws is a CLI tool to automate cluster deployment to AWS.
Verify kube-aws integrity¶
Note: if you are using a non-official release (e.g RC release) kube-aws, you can skip this setp. Import the CoreOS Application Signing Public Key:
gpg2 --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --recv-key FC8A365E
Validate the key fingerprint:
gpg2 --fingerprint FC8A365E
The correct key fingerprint is 18AD 5014 C99E F7E3 BA5F 6CE9 50BD D3E0 FC8A 365E
We can download kube-aws
from its release page. In this tutorial, we use version 0.9.1
Validate the tarball’s GPG signature:
PLATFORM=linux-amd64
# Or
PLATFORM=darwin-amd64
gpg2 --verify kube-aws-${PLATFORM}.tar.gz.sig kube-aws-${PLATFORM}.tar.gz
Install kube-aws¶
Extract the binary:
tar zxvf kube-aws-${PLATFORM}.tar.gz
Add kube-aws to your path:
mv ${PLATFORM}/kube-aws /usr/local/bin
kubectl¶
kubectl is a command line interface for running commands against Kubernetes clusters.
Download kubectl
from the Kubernetes release artifact site with the curl
tool.
# OS X
curl -O https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/"$(curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt)"/bin/darwin/amd64/kubectl
# Linux
curl -O https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/"$(curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt)"/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl
Make the kubectl binary executable and move it to your PATH (e.g. /usr/local/bin
):
chmod +x ./kubectl
sudo mv ./kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl
Configure AWS Credentials¶
First check out this for installing the AWS command line interface.
And then configure your AWS account information:
aws configure
Fill in the required fields:
AWS Access Key ID: YOUR_ACCESS_KEY_ID
AWS Secrete Access Key: YOUR_SECRETE_ACCESS_KEY
Default region name: us-west-2
Default output format: json
YOUR_ACCESS_KEY_ID
, and YOUR_SECRETE_ACCESS_KEY
is the IAM key and secret from Create AWS Account and IAM Account
Verify that your credentials work by describing any instances you may already have running on your account:
aws ec2 describe-instances
Define Cluster Parameters¶
EC2 key pair¶
The keypair that will authenticate SSH access to your EC2 instances. The public half of this key pair will be configured on each CoreOS node.
Follow EC2 Keypair User Guide to create a EC2 key pair
After creating a key pair, you will use the key pair name to configure the cluster.
Key pairs are only available to EC2 instances in the same region. We are using us-west-2 in our tutorial, so make sure to creat key pairs in that region (Oregon).
Your browser will download a key-name.pem
file which is the key to access the EC2 instances. We will use it later.
KMS key¶
Amazon KMS keys are used to encrypt and decrypt cluster TLS assets. If you already have a KMS Key that you would like to use, you can skip creating a new key and provide the Arn string for your existing key.
You can create a KMS key with the aws command line tool:
aws kms --region=us-west-2 create-key --description="kube-aws assets"
{
"KeyMetadata": {
"CreationDate":<PHONE_NUMBER>.724,
"KeyState": "Enabled",
"Arn": "arn:aws:kms:us-west-2:aaaaaaaaaaaaa:key/xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx",
"AWSAccountId": "xxxxxxxxxxxxx",
"Enabled": true,
"KeyUsage": "ENCRYPT_DECRYPT",
"KeyId": "xxxxxxxxx",
"Description": "kube-aws assets"
}
}
We will need to use the value of Arn
later.
And then let’s add several inline policies in your IAM user permission.
Go to IAM Console. Click on button Users
, click user that we just created, and then click on Add inline policy
button, and select Custom Policy
.
Paste into following inline policies:
(Caution: node_0, node_1, node_2 directories represents PaddlePaddle node and train_id, not the Kubernetes node){
"Version": "2012-10-17",
"Statement": [
{
"Sid": "Stmt1482205552000",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"kms:Decrypt",
"kms:Encrypt"
],
"Resource": [
"arn:aws:kms:*:AWS_ACCOUNT_ID:key/*"
]
},
{
"Sid": "Stmt1482205746000",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"cloudformation:CreateStack",
"cloudformation:UpdateStack",
"cloudformation:DeleteStack",
"cloudformation:DescribeStacks",
"cloudformation:DescribeStackResource",
"cloudformation:GetTemplate",
"cloudformation:DescribeStackEvents"
],
"Resource": [
"arn:aws:cloudformation:us-west-2:AWS_ACCOUNT_ID:stack/MY_CLUSTER_NAME/*"
]
}
]
}
Version
: Its value has to be exactly “2012-10-17”.
AWS_ACCOUNT_ID
: You can get it from following command line:
aws sts get-caller-identity --output text --query Account
MY_CLUSTER_NAME
: Pick a MY_CLUSTER_NAME that you like, you will use it later as well.
Please note, stack name must satisfy regular expression pattern: [a-zA-Z][-a-zA-Z0-9], which means no “_” or “-” in stack name, or kube-aws will throw error in later steps.
External DNS name¶
When the cluster is created, the controller will expose the TLS-secured API on a DNS name.
DNS name should have a CNAME points to cluster DNS name or an A record points to the cluster IP address.
We will need to use DNS name later in tutorial. If you don’t already own one, you can choose any DNS name (e.g., paddle
) and modify /etc/hosts
to associate cluster IP with that DNS name for your local machine. And add name service (route53) in aws to associate the IP to paddle for cluster. We will find the cluster IP in later steps.
S3 bucket¶
You need to create an S3 bucket before startup the Kubernetes cluster.
There are some bugs in aws cli in creating S3 bucket, so let’s use the S3 Console.
Click on Create Bucket
, fill in a unique BUCKET_NAME, and make sure region is us-west-2 (Oregon).
Initialize Assets¶
Create a directory on your local machine to hold the generated assets:
$ mkdir my-cluster
$ cd my-cluster
Initialize the cluster CloudFormation stack with the KMS Arn, key pair name, and DNS name from the previous step:
kube-aws init \
--cluster-name=MY_CLUSTER_NAME \
--external-dns-name=MY_EXTERNAL_DNS_NAME \
--region=us-west-2 \
--availability-zone=us-west-2a \
--key-name=KEY_PAIR_NAME \
--kms-key-arn="arn:aws:kms:us-west-2:xxxxxxxxxx:key/xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
MY_CLUSTER_NAME
: the one you picked in KMS key
MY_EXTERNAL_DNS_NAME
: see External DNS name
KEY_PAIR_NAME
: see EC2 key pair
--kms-key-arn
: the “Arn” in KMS key
Here us-west-2a
is used for parameter --availability-zone
, but supported availability zone varies among AWS accounts.
Please check if us-west-2a
is supported by aws ec2 --region us-west-2 describe-availability-zones
, if not switch to other supported availability zone. (e.g., us-west-2a
, or us-west-2b
)
There will now be a cluster.yaml file in the asset directory. This is the main configuration file for your cluster.
By default kube-aws
will only create one worker node. Let’s edit cluster.yaml
and change workerCount
from 1 to 3.
Render contents of the asset directory¶
In the simplest case, you can have kube-aws generate both your TLS identities and certificate authority for you.
kube-aws render credentials --generate-ca
The next command generates the default set of cluster assets in your asset directory.
kube-aws render stack
Assets (templates and credentials) that are used to create, update and interact with your Kubernetes cluster will be created under your current folder.
Kubernetes Cluster Start Up¶
Create the instances defined in the CloudFormation template¶
Now let’s create your cluster (choose any PREFIX
for the command below):
kube-aws up --s3-uri s3://BUCKET_NAME/PREFIX
BUCKET_NAME
: the bucket name that you used in S3 bucket
Configure DNS¶
You can invoke kube-aws status
to get the cluster API endpoint after cluster creation.
$ kube-aws status
Cluster Name: paddle-cluster
Controller DNS Name: paddle-cl-ElbAPISe-EEOI3EZPR86C-531251350.us-west-2.elb.amazonaws.com
If you own a DNS name, set the A record to any of the above ip. Or you can set up CNAME point to Controller DNS Name
(paddle-cl-ElbAPISe-EEOI3EZPR86C-531251350.us-west-2.elb.amazonaws.com
)
Find IP address¶
Use command dig
to check the load balancer hostname to get the ip address.
$ dig paddle-cl-ElbAPISe-EEOI3EZPR86C-531251350.us-west-2.elb.amazonaws.com
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;paddle-cl-ElbAPISe-EEOI3EZPR86C-531251350.us-west-2.elb.amazonaws.com. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
paddle-cl-ElbAPISe-EEOI3EZPR86C-531251350.us-west-2.elb.amazonaws.com. 59 IN A <IP_ADDRESS>
paddle-cl-ElbAPISe-EEOI3EZPR86C-531251350.us-west-2.elb.amazonaws.com. 59 IN A <IP_ADDRESS>
In the above output, both ip <IP_ADDRESS>
, <IP_ADDRESS>
will work.
If you own a DNS name, set the A record to any of the above ip. Then you can skip to the step “Access the cluster”.
If you do not own a DNS name:
Update local DNS association¶
Edit /etc/hosts
to associate above ip with the DNS name.
Add Route53 private name service in VPC¶
Open Route53 Console
Create hosted zone with following config
- Domain name: “paddle”
- Type: “Private hosted zone for amazon VPC”
- VPC ID:
<Your VPC ID>
Add A record
Click on the zone “paddle” just created
Click the button “Create record set”
- Name : leave blank
- type: “A”
- Value:
<kube-controller ec2 private ip>
Verify name service
- Connect to any instance created by kube-aws via ssh
- Run command “host paddle”, see if the ip returned is the private ip of kube-controller
Access the cluster¶
Once the API server is running, you should see:
$ kubectl --kubeconfig=kubeconfig get nodes
NAME STATUS AGE
ip-10-0-0-134.us-west-2.compute.internal Ready 6m
ip-10-0-0-238.us-west-2.compute.internal Ready 6m
ip-10-0-0-50.us-west-2.compute.internal Ready 6m
ip-10-0-0-55.us-west-2.compute.internal Ready 6m
Setup Elastic File System for Cluster¶
Training data is usually served on a distributed filesystem, we use Elastic File System (EFS) on AWS.
- Create security group for EFS in security group console
- Look up security group id for
paddle-cluster-sg-worker
(sg-055ee37d
in the image below) - Add security group
paddle-efs
withALL TCP
inbound rule and custom source as group id ofpaddle-cluster-sg-worker
. And VPC ofpaddle-cluster-vpc
. Make sure availability zone is same as the one you used in Initialize Assets. - Create the Elastic File System in EFS console with
paddle-cluster-vpc
VPC. Make sure subnet ispaddle-cluster-Subnet0
andd security group ispaddle-efs
.
Start PaddlePaddle Training Demo on AWS¶
Configure Kubernetes Volume that Points to EFS¶
First we need to create a PersistentVolume to provision EFS volumn.
Save following snippet as pv.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: efsvol
spec:
capacity:
storage: 100Gi
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
nfs:
server: EFS_DNS_NAME
path: "/"
EFS_DNS_NAME
: DNS name as shown in description of paddle-efs
that we created. Looks similar to fs-2cbf7385.efs.us-west-2.amazonaws.com
Run following command to create a persistent volumn:
kubectl --kubeconfig=kubeconfig create -f pv.yaml
Next let’s create a PersistentVolumeClaim to claim the persistent volume.
Save following snippet as pvc.yaml
.
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: efsvol
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
resources:
requests:
storage: 50Gi
Run following command to create a persistent volumn claim:
kubectl --kubeconfig=kubeconfig create -f pvc.yaml
Prepare Training Data¶
We will now launch a kubernetes job that downloads, saves and evenly splits training data into 3 shards on the persistent volumn that we just created.
save following snippet as paddle-data-job.yaml
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
name: paddle-data
spec:
template:
metadata:
name: pi
spec:
containers:
- name: paddle-data
image: paddledev/paddle-tutorial:k8s_data
imagePullPolicy: Always
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: "/efs"
name: efs
env:
- name: OUT_DIR
value: /efs/paddle-cluster-job
- name: SPLIT_COUNT
value: "3"
volumes:
- name: efs
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: efsvol
restartPolicy: Never
Run following command to launch the job:
kubectl --kubeconfig=kubeconfig create -f paddle-data-job.yaml
Job may take 7 min to finish, use following command to check job status. Do not proceed until SUCCESSFUL
for paddle-data
job is 1
$ kubectl --kubeconfig=kubeconfig get jobs
NAME DESIRED SUCCESSFUL AGE
paddle-data 1 1 6m
Data preparation is done by docker image paddledev/paddle-tutorial:k8s_data
, see here for how to build this docker image and source code.
Start Training¶
Now we are ready to start paddle training job. Save following snippet as paddle-cluster-job.yaml
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
name: paddle-cluster-job
spec:
parallelism: 3
completions: 3
template:
metadata:
name: paddle-cluster-job
spec:
volumes:
- name: efs
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: efsvol
containers:
- name: trainer
image: paddledev/paddle-tutorial:k8s_train
command: ["bin/bash", "-c", "/root/start.sh"]
env:
- name: JOB_NAME
value: paddle-cluster-job
- name: JOB_PATH
value: /home/jobpath
- name: JOB_NAMESPACE
value: default
- name: TRAIN_CONFIG_DIR
value: quick_start
- name: CONF_PADDLE_NIC
value: eth0
- name: CONF_PADDLE_PORT
value: "7164"
- name: CONF_PADDLE_PORTS_NUM
value: "2"
- name: CONF_PADDLE_PORTS_NUM_SPARSE
value: "2"
- name: CONF_PADDLE_GRADIENT_NUM
value: "3"
- name: TRAINER_COUNT
value: "3"
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: "/home/jobpath"
name: efs
ports:
- name: jobport0
hostPort: 7164
containerPort: 7164
- name: jobport1
hostPort: 7165
containerPort: 7165
- name: jobport2
hostPort: 7166
containerPort: 7166
- name: jobport3
hostPort: 7167
containerPort: 7167
restartPolicy: Never
parallelism: 3, completions: 3
means this job will simultaneously start 3 PaddlePaddle pods, and this job will be finished when there are 3 finished pods.
env
field represents container’s environment variables, we specify PaddlePaddle parameters by environment variables.
ports
indicates that TCP port 7164 - 7167 are exposed for communication between pserver
ans trainer. port starts continously from CONF_PADDLE_PORT
(7164) to CONF_PADDLE_PORT + CONF_PADDLE_PORTS_NUM + CONF_PADDLE_PORTS_NUM_SPARSE - 1
(7167). We use multiple ports for dense and sparse paramter updates to improve latency.
Run following command to launch the job.
kubectl --kubeconfig=kubeconfig create -f paddle-claster-job.yaml
Inspect individual pods
$ kubectl --kubeconfig=kubeconfig get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
paddle-cluster-job-cm469 1/1 Running 0 9m
paddle-cluster-job-fnt03 1/1 Running 0 9m
paddle-cluster-job-jx4xr 1/1 Running 0 9m
Inspect individual console output
kubectl --kubeconfig=kubeconfig log -f POD_NAME
POD_NAME
: name of any pod (e.g., paddle-cluster-job-cm469
).
Run kubectl --kubeconfig=kubeconfig describe job paddle-cluster-job
to check training job status. It will complete in around 20 minutes.
The details for start pserver
and trainer
are hidden inside docker image paddledev/paddle-tutorial:k8s_train
, see here for how to build the docker image and source code.
Inspect Training Output¶
Training output (model snapshot and logs) will be saved in EFS. We can ssh into worker EC2 instance, mount EFS and check training output.
- ssh Into Worker EC2 instance
chmod 400 key-name.pem
ssh -i key-name.pem core@INSTANCE_IP
INSTANCE_IP
: public IP address of EC2 kubernetes worker node. Go to EC2 console and check public IP
of any paddle-cluster-kube-aws-worker
instance.
- Mount EFS
mkdir efs
sudo mount -t nfs4 -o nfsvers=4.1,rsize=1048576,wsize=1048576,hard,timeo=600,retrans=2 EFS_DNS_NAME:/ efs
EFS_DNS_NAME
: DNS name as shown in description of paddle-efs
that we created. Look similar to fs-2cbf7385.efs.us-west-2.amazonaws.com
.
Now folder efs
will have structure similar to:
-- paddle-cluster-job
|-- ...
|-- output
| |-- node_0
| | |-- server.log
| | `-- train.log
| |-- node_1
| | |-- server.log
| | `-- train.log
| |-- node_2
| | |-- server.log
| | `-- train.log
| |-- pass-00000
| | |-- ___fc_layer_0__.w0
| | |-- ___fc_layer_0__.wbias
| | |-- done
| | |-- path.txt
| | `-- trainer_config.lr.py
| |-- pass-00001...
server.log
contains log for pserver
. train.log
contains log for trainer
. Model description and snapshot is stored in pass-0000*
.
Kubernetes Cluster Tear Down¶
Delete EFS¶
Go to EFS Console and delete the EFS volumn that we created.
Delete security group¶
Go to Security Group Console and delete security group paddle-efs
.
Delete S3 Bucket¶
Go to S3 Console and delete the S3 bucket that we created.
Destroy Cluster¶
kube-aws destroy
The command will return immediately, but it might take 5 min to tear down the whole cluster.
You can go to CludFormation Console to check destroy process.


New tennis court inaugurated at ISC
Muscat: H.E. Ambassador Munu Mahawar, Ambassador of India to Oman formally inaugurated the renovated tennis court at the Indian Social Club Oman at the club premises in Darsait.
Speaking on the occasion, the Ambassador lauded the efforts of the ISC in upliffting its facilities and congratulated the management and the sports committee in provind good facilities to members of the Indian community. The Ambassador then joined members of the club for a game on the new court.
Present on the occasion was Dr. Sathish Nambiar, Chairman of the ISC, Babu Rajendran, General Secretary, Bipin Dharamsey and a gathering of tennis enthusiasts.


HTTPEncodeType
public enum HTTPEncodeType
A enum used to define how a set of parameters are applied to a URLRequest.
- url: Creates a url-encoded query string to be set as or appended to any existing URL query string or set as the HTTP body of the URL request. Whether the query string is set or appended to any existing URL query string or set as the HTTP body depends on the destination of the encoding.
- json: Uses JSONSerialization to create a JSON representation of the parameters object, which is set as the body of the request. The Content-Type HTTP header field of an encoded request is set to application/json.
- custom: Use custom parameter encoding instance which confirm protocol ‘ParameterEncoding’
-
Declaration
Swift
case url
-
Declaration
Swift
case json
-
Declaration
Swift
case custom(ParameterEncoding)
-
Declaration
Swift
func translate() -> ParameterEncoding


Adapted From
three.js css3d
- periodic table.
original author
. Modified by jabbany to adapt
ABPlayerHTML5
. It works!
TABLE
SPHERE
HELIX
GRID