In fiction, characters may for whatever reason need to stay underwater for an extended period of time. In Real Life, this can be accomplished with SCUBA gear for short periods (about 1 hour) or rebreathers for much longer periods — however, these real world devices are bulky, require a lot of training (especially rebreathers), and are priced well beyond many people's means.
Obviously, these concerns would bog down most fantasy or science fiction narratives. The solution? The Artificial Gill: A device that enables a character to swim underwater without worrying about the Oxygen Meter, unless the device runs on air tanks. These are used to find and explore Underwater Ruins and the Underwater City.
See also Super Not-Drowning Skills. The inverse, which allows an aquatic character to handle non-aquatic environments, is a Mobile Fishbowl.
Examples:
- 008 from Cyborg 009 has this as one of his cybernetic enhancements, as well as other modifications that allow him to survive deep sea pressures, even having most of his skin replaced with metal scales as a Midseason Upgrade after being blown up.
- Professor Fumble in Marine Boy invented "Oxy-Gum," which lets Marine Boy get all the oxygen he needs for hours from simply chewing the gum.
- The preferred method of breathing underwater in Pokémon.
- Batman carries a rebreather in his utility belt.
- The The Legend of Zelda fic Zelda and the Manacle of Cahla, where the traditional dynamics are reversed and Zelda is the hero, has the Pearl Mask, which allows its wearer to breath water instead of air. Zelda retrieves it from the Blue Swamp to settle a dispute between Zora factions, but Prince Tyrus lets her take it on her journey.
- Bond has made use of this device.
- He uses a mini-breather in Thunderball when escaping the shark pool and later when fighting mooks underwater. After the movie came out, a naval engineer spoke to the producers, inquiring how they managed to make the mini-breather, since he was trying to develop one himself. He was devastated by their answer: Sean Connery was actually holding his breath.
- In Die Another Day he uses a rebreather when scuba-diving his way into the villain's lair.
- Star Wars has Rebreathers, used for breathing in hazardous environments, including underwater. A notable example is from The Phantom Menace, where Qui-Gon and Obi-Wan use them to swim down to the Gungan city.
- On Admiral Ackbar's planet Mon Calamari (seen in Dark Apprentice), they have flexible, jelly-like breathers called "organic gills" or "oxygen symbiotes" that most species (Sullustans are allergic to the organic gills) can slap over their nose and mouth, where it filters the water into oxygen. The Yuuzhan Vong in the New Jedi Order series have a similar creature called a gnullith that covers the nose and mouth, and extends down the windpipe to interface with the lungs directly. It's incredibly useful, even because it doesn't need recharging of any kind, and unlike their other biots, gnulliths cause no pain or discomfort.
- The Abyss had a gooey gel that was hyperoxygenated for super deep sea diving. This is a real thing. The scene with the rat was a real rat really being held under the surface of the liquid and freaking out because it had no idea what was going on. Animal welfare groups were annoyed about it because they thought it was being put in unnecessary distress.
- At the end of Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows, Watson receives Mycroft's oxygen inhaler in a parcel sent by Holmes, who stole the inhaler from his brother and used it to survive when he pulled Moriarty down the Reichenbach falls with him.
- Goblin Slayer: The Breath spell is normally just used to allow people to breathe underwater. However, Goblin Slayer demonstrates that the spell accounts for all forms of water including snow and ice, which allows him to survive being buried by an avalanche. He also utilizes the Required Secondary Powers of the spell that protect the user from changes in temperature from water immersion to help his companions stay warm in a snowstorm.
- Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire introduces gillyweed, a plant that when consumed causes the eater to temporarily grow gills. Another option is the Bubble-Head Charm, which surrounds the subject's head in a bubble of air to let them breathe normally (at least until the air runs out — but hey, A Wizard Did It).
- Doc Savage not only had diving suits more advanced than anything available in Real Life at the time, but also 'oxygen tablets' that supplied oxygen directly to the blood and allowed the users to survive underwater for about two hours.
- In Dark Life, there is liquid oxygen that allows people to live underwater.
- Poul Anderson's fantasy novel Three Hearts and Three Lions sees the hero, Holger Carlsen, abducted by a nixie (a freshwater mermaid - think Rheinmaidens in Wagner opera). She confers on him the gift of being able to live and breathe underwater, but capriciously cancels his artificial gill when he declines her kind offer to live with her underwater forever.
- Babylon 5. A number of species need to use breathers when going into the "alien sector" of the Babylon 5 space station, and several others need to use breathers to travel in the nitrogen-oxygen atmosphere throughout the rest of the station. Also, G'Kar has gills surgically added that allow him to breathe in alien atmospheres without a device. Lyta Alexander gets her own set of gills after being Touched by Vorlons.
- Early editions of Dungeons & Dragons
- A number of magical items had this ability, such as the Helm of Underwater Action, the Cloak of the Manta Ray, Potions of Water Breathing, the Necklace of Adaptation and the Ring of Water Adaptation.
- Spells: the Airy Water and Water Breathing spells.
- "Natural" magic items: module EX1 Dungeonland had seaweed that allowed breathing underwater. There were similar items in other adventures.
- The artificial gill and the gill suit from GURPS: Ultra-Tech allow people to spend hours or even days underwater. In High-Tech SCUBA and rebreather gear is available. Even as far back in time as Low-Tech it's possible to get waterproofed animal skins that give a few extra breaths if used correctly.
- Shadowrun has a few pieces of equipment and cyberware that can provide this, but conventional air tanks are much cheaper. Also, large bodies of water in the Shadowrun universe are often quite polluted so few people want to go voluntarily swimming in them.
- While they don't come up very often in Mage: The Ascension, the Void Engineers have them for their underwater corps (they explore everything, not just space and other dimensions). They're starting to get more notice as of the most recent edition, when many Technocrats have had to relocate to the Void Engineers' Underwater Base locations due to the Avatar Storm.
- The mermaids at Weeki Wachee Springs use air hoses.
- BIONICLE: the Kaukau and Kaukau Nuva, a.k.a. the Masks of Water Breathing. These filter oxygen out of the water and allow the wearer to breathe.
- Implied to be how the human characters in the Pokémon games breathe while exploring underwater areas with Dive.
- Mario gets one for the Bottle levels in Super Mario Sunshine. It extends the time he can breathe underwater without grabbing coins.
- The Legend of Zelda series has many items that serve this function:
- Zora's Flippers appear in many of the 2D games, and sometimes allow Link to breathe underwater. Other times, they only allow him to swim in deep water and still require him to come up for air periodically.
- The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time has the Zora Tunic that lets Link breathe underwater.
- Oracle Of Ages has the Mermaid suit.
- Both Ages and Seasons also have the Zora Ring, which allows you to stay submerged in shallow water for as long as you want.
- Twilight Princess has the Zora Armor.
- Commander Keen 4 has a set of scuba gear, but it has an unlimited air supply.
- Oxyale in Final Fantasy I
- Final Fantasy VI had the diving helmet, which enables Sabin, Cyan, and Gau to travel the underwater Serpent Trench back to Narshe. With a single diving helmet. For three of them.
- The underwater materia in Final Fantasy VII
- The Aqualung item in Alter A.I.L.A. Genesis. You actually can't go underwater at all until you get it. Also lampshaded when it's obtained, as the character that normally explains these kinds of things says she has no idea how it works.
- Variation; it's a spell in MARDEK that can only be cast by a specific party member. A straighter example would be the Oxyale, a consumable potion that bestows the same effect.
- Sonic 3 & Knuckles featured the bubble shield, which bestowed Super Not-Drowning Skills.
- Knuckles picks up the Air Necklace as one of his power-ups in Sonic Adventure 2, allowing him to stay under indefinitely.
- In Cave Story, Curly Brace has an air tank... which makes the player character's susceptibility to drowning all the more frustrating. She eventually gives you the air tank.
- Duke Nukem 3D has a scuba gear pickup which lets the player spend several minutes underwater, as opposed to maybe 30 seconds without it.
- A signature item in the Build engine games. Duke Nukem 3D, Redneck Rampage, and Blood all have it.
- World of Warcraft makes extensive use of this trope:
- Class-specific spells; druid Aquatic Form, warlock Unending Breath, and shaman Water Breathing.
- Crafting provide water breathing potions and the Deepdive Helmet created by engineering.
- A weapon from Gnomeregan also functions as an Artificial Gill.
 Cataclysm adds the game's first underwater zone, Vashj'ir, and the first couple of quests are to gain a permanent, zone-only Artificial Gill that also provides substantially faster swim speed, without which Vashj'ir would be all but unplayable.
- In Mana-Khemia 2: Fall of Alchemy, the access to Deep Sea Ruins is opened after you synthesize Air Drop. Said item also returns in Atelier Rorona
- In The Elder Scrolls series, starting with Daggerfall, the series offers spells, potions, and enchanted items with the Water Breathing effect. These allow you to remain underwater without needing to surface for the effect's duration (or in the case of constant effect enchanted items, for as long as you have the item equipped).
- On the Online Games by Artix Entertainment, it was finally explained why you can breathe underwater in all 5 games: In Dragon Fable, you sink a ship full of water breathing potions that contaminates and enchants the ocean so that you can breathe underwater.
- Breath of Fire:
- Breath of Fire I required you to find a gill key item to let any character other than Gobi (a fishman) travel underwater.
- Breath of Fire II featured such an item as well.
- Fallout: New Vegas gives you a rebreather if you help the Boomers, but other than a related mission and two caves there is absolutely nothing to see in the depths of Lake Mead. However there are certain areas of Vaults that happen to be submerged.
- It also comes in useful in searching a few submerged areas in the Honest Hearts and Old World Blues DLCs.
- Fallout 4
- The Aquaboy/Aquagirl perk allows the Sole Survivor to indefinitely remain underwater. Being the sole game of the franchise where you will run into a lot of water this perk is invaluable, especially in the early game where you can't find any Rad-X or Rad-Way to deal with the constant radiation in the water.
- The Power Armor increases the length of time you can stay underwater, but you can no longer swim in it. This is bad in the Dunwich Borers quarry which has a very deep pit of water at the end of the dungeon as there is no way of getting your power armor if you jump in.
- The Far Harbor DLC adds the BioShock-style Rescue Dive Suit.
- In the King's Quest II fan remake, a mermaid gives King Graham a kiss that somehow lets him breathe underwater.
- In the Metroid games, Samus Aran's Powered Armor has a self-contained life-support system that can function as this - no Gravity Suit required. It even works in space!
- Unreal:
- Unreal has SCUBA gears available whenever the player must proceed a long way underwater. They have a limited air supply that runs out pretty quickly, and for some reason you can't just take a whiff from it and hold your breath to make it last longer if you deactivate it manually, you'll immediately start drowning. The expansion pack features a rare recharging example that also holds more air.
- The SCUBA Gear reappears in the Oceanfloor assault map in Unreal Tournament, and nowhere else.
- Terraria has an accessory that allows for underwater breathing.
- There's also a Gills potion, which makes you grow gills. Also lacks the Required Secondary Power of your lungs working normally alongside it, making you suffocate outside of water unless you wear a water-filled Fish Bowl on your head which normally suffocates you since there's water inside it.
- Wizard 101 has underwater breathing potions early in the game to allow access to a street that is completely underwater. However, due to the game mechanics, players can teleport to this area without adverse effects.
- Later there is a device in Celestia that allows the player to breathe in the underwater areas. It was designed by the Celestians to survive when the Storm Titan betrayed them and flooded their world. Too bad they finished it too late.
- Deus Ex has rebreathers that allow you to breathe underwater for a limited time. The prequel features an Implanted Rebreather that does the same for poisonous gases but not water (or at least we don't see it do so, because you never go underwater).
- In Guild Wars 2 every character has one standard, because the dev team did not want to limit the underwater areas' size to how long you could hold your breath.
- The leaves of the Maurera Tree in Phantasy Star II can be refined into special chewing gum to provide oxygen while travelling underwater; this is used to reach Climatrol.
- The Survival System backpack in Starbound allows one to breathe indefinitely underwater, as well as in space.
- Enchanted items of Waterbreathing in the various The Elder Scrolls games basically pass on the effect of the Waterbreathing spell or potion. Rings, necklaces, or helmets of Waterbreathing allow the wearer to spend as much time as they like underwater with no ill effect, as long as the item is worn while the Dragonborn is underwater.
- The O2 mask in Ratchet & Clank allows Ratchet to survive in toxic atmospheres, underwater, and even space with unlimited air supply.
- Borderlands: The Pre-Sequel!: The Oz kit in allows the characters to breathe in space.
- In Ys VI: The Ark of Napishtim and Ys SEVEN, Grattheos' Talisman allows Adol and his party to breathe underwater.. In Ys VIII: Lacrimosa of Dana, the Hermit's Scale serves the same purpose.
- In The Simpsons Bart once used Milhouse's inhaler as a breathing device.
- Samurai Jack: Jack is given a device to help him breathe underwater while swimming to the submerged Humongous Mecha.
- The animated Flash Gordon had an episode with featuring a literal Artificial Gill: It was a metal collar with gills, that also prevented the wearer from breathing outside of water.
- Kim Possible uses a rebreather provided by Wade in an episode where Drakken seals her in a filled-with-water bottomless pit.
- Futurama: The crew is given rebreathers when they find the lost city of Atlanta.
- The Gills of Hamachi from Xiaolin Showdown, although it achieves this by turning the user into a literal fish person.
- Miraculous Ladybug: Ladybug and Chat Noir's weapons can function as these when they have to swim underwater. They also let other people use them while they themselves are transformed with a potion that gives them Super Not-Drowning Skills.
- In Young Justice, Robin I/ Nightwing carries these as part of his standard equipment. After three missions in a row nearly lead Artemis to drowning, she starts to carry them, too.
- At some point between seasons 1 and 2, they were regularly stocked on board the bio-ship. Lagoon Boy seriously messes up when he forgets to replenish them for a mission.
- True artificial gills are highly impractical because humans require far more oxygen to sustain life than typical sea creatures. In order to get enough oxygen to sustain a human, several gallons of water must be processed per minute, and a device capable of doing this would end up being massive. Carrying such a heavy device would increase our oxygen demands further, compounding the problem. It's simply much more efficient to use compressed air for our underwater needs.
- Modern underwater gear generally falls into two categories, tanks of compressed air, and rebreathers. The former exhales directly into the water (leading to the characteristic bubbles), while the latter simply filters out the CO2 and adds oxygen so the nitrogen can be re-used. It still has some gas, so it's only a partial example. Older designs simply pumped air down from the surface using a tube.
- Mosquito larvae have a biological snorkel that they use to breathe from just below the surface of the water. All aquatic snails also have snorkels.
- Some species of aquatic turtles have sections of skin near their rumps that have high amounts of blood vessels in them. They're able to passively absorb some oxygen directly from the water through these sections of skin, effectively breathing through their butts. It doesn't completely eliminate the need to breathe, but it does allow them to stay underwater for hours without surfacing as long as they're not moving around much.


---
layout: post
title: Sitting upright on a bicycle is much nicer than hunched over handlebars.
published: true
date: 2008-12-02
categories: []
posterous_url: http://verdammelt.posterous.com/sitting-upright-on-a-bicycle-i
posterous_slug: sitting-upright-on-a-bicycle-i
---
Because the Schwinn is kaput due to my amazing mechanical expertise
and i really wanted to ride my bike in today; I rode the Raleigh.


vignettes/calling_python.Rmd
The reticulate package provides an R interface to Python modules, classes, and functions. For example, this code imports the Python os
module and calls some functions within it:
[1] ".git" ".gitignore" ".Rbuildignore" ".RData"
[5] ".Rhistory" ".Rproj.user" ".travis.yml" "appveyor.yml"
[9] "DESCRIPTION" "docs" "external" "index.html"
[13] "index.Rmd" "inst" "issues" "LICENSE"
[17] "man" "NAMESPACE" "NEWS.md" "pkgdown"
[21] "R" "README.md" "reticulate.Rproj" "src"
[25] "tests" "vignettes"
Functions and other data within Python modules and classes can be accessed via the $
operator (analogous to the way you would interact with an R list, environment, or reference class).
The reticulate package is compatible with all versions of Python >= 2.7. Integration with NumPy is optional and requires NumPy >= 1.6.
By default, reticulate uses the version of Python found on your PATH
(i.e. Sys.which("python")
). The use_python()
function enables you to specify an alternate version, for example:
The use_virtualenv()
and use_condaenv()
functions enable you to specify versions of Python in virtual or conda environments, for example:
See the article on Python Version Configuration for additional details.
You can install any required Python packages using standard shell tools like pip
and conda
. Alternately, reticulate includes a set of functions for managing and installing packages within virtualenvs and Conda environments. See the article on Installing Python Packages for additional details.
When calling into Python, R data types are automatically converted to their equivalent Python types. When values are returned from Python to R they are converted back to R types. Types are converted as follows:
| R | Python | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Single-element vector | Scalar |
1 , 1L , TRUE , "foo"
|
| Multi-element vector | List |
c(1.0, 2.0, 3.0) , c(1L, 2L, 3L)
|
| List of multiple types | Tuple | list(1L, TRUE, "foo") |
| Named list | Dict |
list(a = 1L, b = 2.0) , dict(x = x_data)
|
| Matrix/Array | NumPy ndarray | matrix(c(1,2,3,4), nrow = 2, ncol = 2) |
| Data Frame | Pandas DataFrame | data.frame(x = c(1,2,3), y = c("a", "b", "c")) |
| Function | Python function | function(x) x + 1 |
| NULL, TRUE, FALSE | None, True, False |
NULL , TRUE , FALSE
|
If a Python object of a custom class is returned then an R reference to that object is returned. You can call methods and access properties of the object just as if it was an instance of an R reference class.
The import()
function can be used to import any Python module. For example:
difflib <- import("difflib")
difflib$ndiff(foo, bar)
filecmp <- import("filecmp")
filecmp$cmp(dir1, dir2)
The import_main()
and import_builtins()
functions give you access to the main module where code is executed by default and the collection of built in Python functions. For example:
The main module is generally useful if you have executed Python code from a file or string and want to get access to it’s results (see the section below for more details).
The source_python()
function will source a Python script and make the objects it creates available within an R environment (by default the calling environment). For example, consider the following Python script:
We source it using the source_python()
function and then can call the add()
function directly from R:
[1] 15
You can execute Python code within the main module using the py_run_file
and py_run_string
functions. You can then access any objects created using the py
object exported by reticulate:
By default when Python objects are returned to R they are converted to their equivalent R types. However, if you’d rather make conversion from Python to R explicit and deal in native Python objects by default you can pass convert = FALSE
to the import
function. In this case Python to R conversion will be disabled for the module returned from import
. For example:
# import numpy and specify no automatic Python to R conversion
np <- import("numpy", convert = FALSE)
# do some array manipulations with NumPy
a <- np$array(c(1:4))
sum <- a$cumsum()
# convert to R explicitly at the end
py_to_r(sum)
As illustrated above, if you need access to an R object at end of your computations you can call the py_to_r()
function explicitly.
You can print documentation on any Python object using the py_help()
function. For example:
The automatic conversion of R types to Python types works well in most cases, but occasionally you will need to be more explicit on the R side to provide Python the type it expects.
For example, if a Python API requires a list and you pass a single element R vector it will be converted to a Python scalar. To overcome this simply use the R list
function explicitly:
Similarly, a Python API might require a tuple
rather than a list. In that case you can use the tuple()
function:
R named lists are converted to Python dictionaries however you can also explicitly create a Python dictionary using the dict()
function:
This might be useful if you need to pass a dictionary that uses a more complex object (as opposed to a string) as it’s key.
R and Python have different default numeric types. If you write 42
in R it is considered a floating point number whereas 42
in Python is considered an integer.
This means that when a Python API expects an integer, you need to be sure to use the L
suffix within R. For example, if the foo
function requires an integer as it’s index
argument you would do this:
Python collections are addressed using 0-based indices rather than the 1-based indices you might be familiar with from R. So to address the first item of an array in R you would write:
Whereas if you are calling a method in Python via reticulate that takes an index you would write this to address the first item:
Note the use of the 0-based index as well as the L
to indicate t that the value is an integer.
R matrices and arrays are converted automatically to and from NumPy arrays.
When converting from R to NumPy, the NumPy array is mapped directly to the underlying memory of the R array (no copy is made). In this case, the NumPy array uses a column-based in memory layout that is compatible with R (i.e. Fortran style rather than C style). When converting from NumPy to R, R receives a column-ordered copy of the NumPy array.
You can also manually convert R arrays to NumPy using the np_array()
function. For example, you might do this if you needed to create a NumPy array with C rather than Fortran style in-memory layout (for higher performance in row-oriented computations) or if you wanted to control the data type of the NumPy array more explicitly. Here are some example uses of np_array()
:
Reasoning about arrays which use distinct in-memory orders can be tricky. The Arrays in R and Python article provides additional details.
Also, always remember that when calling NumPy methods array indices are 0 rather than 1 based and require the L
suffix to indicate they are integers.
R data frames can be automatically converted to and from Pandas DataFrames. By default, columns are converted using the same rules governing R array <-> NumPy array conversion, but a couple extensions are provided:
| R | Python |
|---|---|
| Factor | Categorical Variable |
| POSIXt | NumPy array with dtype = datetime64[ns]
|
If the R data frame has row names, the generated Pandas DataFrame will be re-indexed using those row names (and vice versa). Special handling is also available for a DatetimeIndex
associated with a Pandas DataFrame; however, because R only supports character vectors for row names they are converted to character first.
Sparse matrices created by Matrix R package can be converted Scipy CSC matrix, and vice versa. This is often useful when you want to pass sparse matrices to Python functions that accepts Scipy CSC matrix to take advantage of this format, such as efficient column slicing and fast matrix vector products.

Let’s convert it to Scipy CSC matrix using r_to_py()
:
> csc_matrix <- r_to_py(x)
> csc_matrix
(0, 0) 0.226495201467
(4, 1) 0.0588574311696
(3, 2) 0.0177777127828
(2, 3) 0.921590822982
(1, 4) 0.392728160601
Note that the right-hand side contains the non-zero entries of the matrix while the left-hand side represents their locations in the matrix.
We can also use py_to_r()
to convert the CSC matrix back to Matrix::dgCMatrix
representation that can then be manipulated easily in R which is the same as the original sparse matrix that we created earlier using Matrix::sparseMatrix()
:
> py_to_r(csc_matrix)
5 x 5 sparse Matrix of class "dgCMatrix"
[1,] 0.2264952 . . . .
[2,] . . . . 0.3927282
[3,] . . . 0.9215908 .
[4,] . . 0.01777771 . .
[5,] . 0.05885743 . . .
The R with
generic function can be used to interact with Python context manager objects (in Python you use the with
keyword to do the same). For example:
This example opens a file and ensures that it is automatically closed at the end of the with block. Note the use of the %as%
operator to alias the object created by the context manager.
If a Python API returns an iterator or generator you can interact with it using the iterate()
function. The iterate()
function can be used to apply an R function to each item yielded by the iterator:
If you don’t pass a function to iterate
the results will be collected into an R vector:
Note that the Iterators
will be drained of their values by iterate()
:
a <- iterate(iter) # results are not empty
b <- iterate(iter) # results are empty since items have already been drained
You can also iterate on an element-by-element basis using the iter_next()
function. For example:
By default iter_next()
will return NULL
when the iteration is complete but you can provide a custom completed
value it will be returned instead. For example:
Note that some iterators/generators in Python are infinite. In that case the caller will need custom logic to determine when to terminate the loop.
Python generators are functions that implement the Python iterator protocol. Similarly, the reticulate generator()
function enables you to create a Python iterator from an R function.
In Python, generators produce values using the yield
keyword. In R, values are simply returned from the function. One benefit of the yield
keyword is that it enables successive iterations to use the state of previous iterations. In R, this can be done by returning a function that mutates it’s enclosing environment via the <<- operator. For example:
# define a generator function
sequence_generator <-function(start) {
value <- start
function() {
value <<- value + 1
value
}
}
# convert the function to a python iterator
iter <- py_iterator(sequence_generator(10))
If you want to indicate the end of the iteration, return NULL
from the function:
sequence_generator <-function(start) {
value <- start
function() {
value <<- value + 1
if (value < 100)
value
else
NULL
}
}
Note that you can change the value that indicates the end of the iteration using the completed
parameter (e.g. py_iterator(func, completed = NA)
).
By default R functions are converted to Python with a generic signature (function(...)
), where there’s neither keyword argument nor default values for arguments.
For example, below we apply r_to_py()
to an R function and then we use inspect Python module to get the converted function’s argument spec. You can see that the signature of the wrapped function looks different than the original R function’s signature.
> inspect <- import("inspect")
> converted_func <- r_to_py(function(a, b = 1.5) {})
> inspect$getargspec(converted_func)
ArgSpec(args=[], varargs='args', keywords='kwargs', defaults=None)
This default conversion typically works fine, however some Python libraries have strict checking on the function signatures of user provided callbacks. In these cases the generic function(...)
signature will fail this checking.
For these cases you can use py_func()
to wrap the R function so that the wrapped function has exactly the same signature as that of the original R function, e.g. one argument a
without default value and another argument b
with default value 1.5.
> wrapped_func <- py_func(function(a, b = 1.5) {})
> inspect$getargspec(wrapped_func)
ArgSpec(args=['a', 'b'], varargs=None, keywords=None, defaults=(1.5,))
Note that the signature of the R function must not contain esoteric Python-incompatible constructs. For example, we cannot have R function with signature like function(a = 1, b)
since Python function requires that arguments without default values appear before arguments with default values.
There are several more advanced functions available that are useful principally when creating high level R interfaces for Python libraries.
Typically interacting with Python objects from R involves using the $
operator to access whatever properties for functions of the object you need. When using the $
, Python objects are automatically converted to their R equivalents when possible. The following functions enable you to interact with Python objects at a lower level (e.g. no conversion to R is done unless you explicitly call the py_to_r
function):
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
py_has_attr() |
Check if an object has a specified attribute. |
py_get_attr() |
Get an attribute of a Python object. |
py_set_attr() |
Set an attribute of a Python object. |
py_list_attributes() |
List all attributes of a Python object. |
py_len() |
Length of Python object. |
py_call() |
Call a Python callable object with the specified arguments. |
py_to_r() |
Convert a Python object to it’s R equivalent |
r_to_py() |
Convert an R object to it’s Python equivalent |
You can save and load Python objects (via pickle) using the py_save_object
and py_load_object
functions:
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
py_save_object() |
Save a Python object to a file with pickle. |
py_load_object() |
Load a previously saved Python object from a file. |
The following functions enable you to query for information about the Python configuration available on the current system.
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
py_available() |
Check whether a Python interface is available on this system. |
py_numpy_available() |
Check whether the R interface to NumPy is available (requires NumPy >= 1.6) |
py_module_available() |
Check whether a Python module is available on this system. |
py_config() |
Get information on the location and version of Python in use. |
These functions enable you to capture or suppress output from Python:
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
py_capture_output() |
Capture Python output for the specified expression and return it as an R character vector. |
py_suppress_warnings() |
Execute the specified expression, suppressing the display Python warnings. |
The functions provide miscellaneous other lower-level capabilities:
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
py_set_seed() |
Set Python and NumPy random seeds. |
py_unicode() |
Convert a string to a Python unicode object. |
py_str() |
Get the string representation of Python object. |
py_id() |
Get a unique identifier for a Python object |
py_is_null_xptr() |
Check whether a Python object is a null externalptr. |
py_validate_xptr() |
Check whether a Python object is a null externalptr and throw an error if it is. |


Nigerians react to Mompha’s ₦5 million lawsuit against EFCC
by Ifeanyi NgeremFollowing Instagram bigboy, Ismaila Mustapha popularly known as Mompha, lawsuit against antigraft agency, EFCC, Nigerians have taken to Twitter to bare their thoughts.
Earlier today Mompha filed a lawsuit against the EFCC, challenging his continued detention. He has asked the court to mandate the EFCC to pay him N5 million for unlawful detention.
Recall, Mompha was arrested in October on allegations of Cyber crimes and Money laundering in a joint operation by the EFCC and INTERPOL, in Abuja.
See some reactions below:


EastEnders spoilers: Tiffany Butcher attacks Dotty Cotton over Keegan Baker
The rivals come to blows after Keegan's business was supposedly sabotaged - and things boil over very quickly
by Sam Elliott, https://www.mirror.co.uk/authors/sam-elliott/Tiffany Butcher and Dotty Cotton, even in the minds of the actresses, aren't likely to see eye-to-eye any time soon.
That couldn't be any more obvious as Monday's sneak peak shows.
The foes are are loggerheads and have clashed again - this time it's because of Keegan Baker.
Tiff, played by Maisie Smith, sees red at her rival (Milly Zero) after finding out she is responsible for her fiancee's business falling apart.
Keegan (Zack Morris) is picking up the pieces after the catering company was sabotaged.
Tiffany launched an attack on Dotty as she lashes out after finding out the truth.
Keegan put his heart and soul into the company and his girlfriend is in no mood to see his hard work go to waste.
Maisie admitted recently that it's hard to see a time when the warring women will ever be friends.
She spoke to the Metro about the battles - and their characters' plans to elope and get married as their families try to stop them from doing something drastic.
"At the moment, Tiffany doesn’t trust Dotty at all, and never has," she said. "I can’t see them becoming friends if I’m honest.
"There are very few people who are in favour of this wedding but Bernie is one character who wants them both to be happy! However, Karen is the least supportive! We definitely see that in the episodes to come.
"It’s absolute chaos! It was so great reading the script – it starts of Tiffany, Keegan, Keanu and Bernie just going to the wedding and when they get there, the entire crowd of the Taylor and Butcher families are just there in this chaos.
"It was great to film and I can’t wait to watch it!  I love getting every family member into a room together to do scenes like this – it’s not challenging at all, it’s just a pleasure to work with them all at once."
Don't miss the big EastEnders clash between Tiffany and Dotty on Monday at 8pm on BBC One.


public interface DistributedLogManager extends Closeable
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
com.twitter.util.Future<Void> |
asyncClose()
Closes this source and releases any system resources associated
with it.
|
void |
delete()
Delete the log.
|
AppendOnlyStreamReader |
getAppendOnlyStreamReader()
Get a reader to read a log stream as a sequence of bytes.
|
AppendOnlyStreamWriter |
getAppendOnlyStreamWriter()
Begin appending to the end of the log stream which is being treated as a sequence of bytes.
|
AsyncLogReader |
getAsyncLogReader(DLSN fromDLSN) |
AsyncLogReader |
getAsyncLogReader(long fromTxnId) |
com.twitter.util.Future<AsyncLogReader> |
getAsyncLogReaderWithLock(DLSN fromDLSN) |
com.twitter.util.Future<AsyncLogReader> |
getAsyncLogReaderWithLock(DLSN fromDLSN,
String subscriberId)
Get a log reader with lock starting from fromDLSN and using subscriberId.
|
com.twitter.util.Future<AsyncLogReader> |
getAsyncLogReaderWithLock(String subscriberId)
Get a log reader using subscriberId with lock.
|
com.twitter.util.Future<DLSN> |
getDLSNNotLessThanTxId(long transactionId)
Get the
DLSN of first log record whose transaction id is not less than transactionId . |
com.twitter.util.Future<DLSN> |
getFirstDLSNAsync()
Get first DLSN in the log.
|
long |
getFirstTxId()
Get the earliest Transaction Id available in the log.
|
LogReader |
getInputStream(DLSN fromDLSN) |
LogReader |
getInputStream(long fromTxnId)
Get the input stream starting with fromTxnId for the specified log.
|
DLSN |
getLastDLSN()
Get Latest DLSN in the log.
|
com.twitter.util.Future<DLSN> |
getLastDLSNAsync()
Get Latest DLSN in the log - async.
|
LogRecordWithDLSN |
getLastLogRecord()
Get the last log record in the stream.
|
com.twitter.util.Future<LogRecordWithDLSN> |
getLastLogRecordAsync()
Get Latest log record with DLSN in the log - async.
|
long |
getLastTxId()
Get Latest Transaction Id in the log.
|
com.twitter.util.Future<Long> |
getLastTxIdAsync()
Get Latest Transaction Id in the log - async.
|
long |
getLogRecordCount()
Get the number of log records in the active portion of the log.
|
com.twitter.util.Future<Long> |
getLogRecordCountAsync(DLSN beginDLSN)
Get the number of log records in the active portion of the log - async.
|
List<LogSegmentMetadata> |
getLogSegments()
Get log segments.
|
NamespaceDriver |
getNamespaceDriver()
Get the namespace driver used by this manager.
|
String |
getStreamName()
Get the name of the stream managed by this log manager.
|
SubscriptionsStore |
getSubscriptionsStore()
Get the subscriptions store provided by the distributedlog manager.
|
boolean |
isEndOfStreamMarked()
Check if an end of stream marker was added to the stream
A stream with an end of stream marker cannot be appended to.
|
com.twitter.util.Future<AsyncLogReader> |
openAsyncLogReader(DLSN fromDLSN)
Open an async log reader to read records from a log starting from
fromDLSN . |
com.twitter.util.Future<AsyncLogReader> |
openAsyncLogReader(long fromTxnId)
Open an async log reader to read records from a log starting from
fromTxnId . |
com.twitter.util.Future<AsyncLogWriter> |
openAsyncLogWriter()
Open async log writer to write records to the log stream.
|
void |
purgeLogsOlderThan(long minTxIdToKeep)
The DistributedLogManager may archive/purge any logs for transactionId
less than or equal to minImageTxId.
|
void |
recover()
Run recovery on the log.
|
void |
registerListener(LogSegmentListener listener)
Register listener on log segment updates of this stream.
|
AsyncLogWriter |
startAsyncLogSegmentNonPartitioned()
Begin writing to the log stream identified by the name.
|
LogWriter |
startLogSegmentNonPartitioned()
Begin writing to the log stream identified by the name.
|
void |
unregisterListener(LogSegmentListener listener)
Unregister listener on log segment updates from this stream.
|
String getStreamName()
NamespaceDriver getNamespaceDriver()
List<LogSegmentMetadata> getLogSegments() throws IOException
IOException
void registerListener(LogSegmentListener listener) throws IOException
listener
- listener to receive update log segment list.IOException
void unregisterListener(LogSegmentListener listener)
listener
- listener to receive update log segment list.com.twitter.util.Future<AsyncLogWriter> openAsyncLogWriter()
LogWriter startLogSegmentNonPartitioned() throws IOException
IOException
AsyncLogWriter startAsyncLogSegmentNonPartitioned() throws IOException
IOException
AppendOnlyStreamWriter getAppendOnlyStreamWriter() throws IOException
IOException
AppendOnlyStreamReader getAppendOnlyStreamReader() throws IOException
IOException
LogReader getInputStream(long fromTxnId) throws IOException
fromTxnId
- - the first transaction id we want to readIOException
- if a stream cannot be found.LogReader getInputStream(DLSN fromDLSN) throws IOException
IOException
com.twitter.util.Future<AsyncLogReader> openAsyncLogReader(long fromTxnId)
fromTxnId
.fromTxnId
- transaction id to start reading fromcom.twitter.util.Future<AsyncLogReader> openAsyncLogReader(DLSN fromDLSN)
fromDLSN
.fromDLSN
- dlsn to start reading fromAsyncLogReader getAsyncLogReader(long fromTxnId) throws IOException
IOException
AsyncLogReader getAsyncLogReader(DLSN fromDLSN) throws IOException
IOException
com.twitter.util.Future<AsyncLogReader> getAsyncLogReaderWithLock(DLSN fromDLSN)
com.twitter.util.Future<AsyncLogReader> getAsyncLogReaderWithLock(DLSN fromDLSN, String subscriberId)
fromDLSN
- start dlsnsubscriberId
- subscriber idcom.twitter.util.Future<AsyncLogReader> getAsyncLogReaderWithLock(String subscriberId)
If the two readers tried to open using same subscriberId, one would succeed, while the other will be blocked until it gets the lock.
subscriberId
- subscriber idcom.twitter.util.Future<DLSN> getDLSNNotLessThanTxId(long transactionId)
DLSN
of first log record whose transaction id is not less than transactionId
.transactionId
- transaction idLogRecordWithDLSN getLastLogRecord() throws IOException
IOException
- if a stream cannot be found.long getFirstTxId() throws IOException
IOException
long getLastTxId() throws IOException
IOException
DLSN getLastDLSN() throws IOException
IOException
com.twitter.util.Future<LogRecordWithDLSN> getLastLogRecordAsync()
com.twitter.util.Future<Long> getLastTxIdAsync()
com.twitter.util.Future<DLSN> getFirstDLSNAsync()
com.twitter.util.Future<DLSN> getLastDLSNAsync()
long getLogRecordCount() throws IOException
Any log segments that have already been truncated will not be included.
IOException
com.twitter.util.Future<Long> getLogRecordCountAsync(DLSN beginDLSN)
Any log segments that have already been truncated will not be included
IOException
void recover() throws IOException
IOException
boolean isEndOfStreamMarked() throws IOException
IOException
void delete() throws IOException
IOException
- if the deletion failsvoid purgeLogsOlderThan(long minTxIdToKeep) throws IOException
minTxIdToKeep
- the earliest txid that must be retainedIOException
- if purging failsSubscriptionsStore getSubscriptionsStore()
com.twitter.util.Future<Void> asyncClose()
Copyright © 2016-2017 The Apache Software Foundation. All Rights Reserved.


---
layout: page
title: Registration
---
The registration is closed.
Delegate package costs 132 EUR per day (660 EUR per 5 Days incl VAT):
Data protection: The registration form gives you the opportunity to share your contact details with other attendees. If you agree to share your details (name, email, affiliation), these will be kept by the ELIXIR Hub and on EvenBrite for two months after the event. After this time they will be deleted from both locations. If you want the details to be removed earlier, or if you have any queries, please contact us at bh2018paris@elixir-europe.org.


{% load static %}
Select theme for the editor
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This page can provide you with any relevant information regarding the use of your Trynkit device and our editor.
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The device can be connected through bluetooth.You must pair your device before uploading any code to your device.
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A FISH CALLED WANDA A film review by Steve Robiner Copyright 1988 Steve Robiner
Director: Charles Chrichton Screenplay by John Cleese Produced by Michael Shamberg Starring John Cleese, Jamie Lee Curtis, Kevin Kline, Michael Palin, and Wanda.
Seen at: USC, Norris Theater, July 14th
This is one of those rare films that's as structurally sound as it is hilariously funny. The timing, characters, and the absurd situations are perfect and will be appreciated by even those who don't generally care for Monty Python humor (of which John Cleese and Michael Palin are co-founders). By the way, those who do will absolutely love this movie.
The basic premise of four double-crossing criminals trying to outsmart each other in order to find their hidden loot is well constructed and just intricate enough to be interesting without becoming unmanageable. Perhaps the best part of this film is the wild and outrageous characters that Cleese has come up with. Curtis and Kline, both normally dramatic actors, pull off comic roles like old pros and easily fit in with mainstays Cleese and Palin.
A true test for a great comedy: it is even funnier when you think back on it afterwards and get a bigger laugh. A FISH CALLED WANDA definitely fits this bill as a brilliant comedy a must see! A + .
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


--- layout: page title: Authors permalink: /authors/ --- {% for author in site.data.authors %} Posts by {{ author[1]["name"] }} {% assign posts = site.posts | where: "author", author[0] %}


| DevIL Documentation | Home | Previous | Next |
The iluPixelize function pixelizes an image, giving it a blocky appearance.
ILboolean iluPixelize(
ILuint PixSize
);
iluPixelize performs the effect that can be seen on television, where people want their identity to remain anonymous, so the editors cover the person's face with a very blocky pixelized version. iluPixelize performs this effect on the entire image, not just a region, though if I get any requests to do so (doomwiz@ticnet.com), I will gladly incorporate it. PixSize specifies how blocky the image should be, with 1 being the lowest blockiness (doesn't change the image).
ILU_ILLEGAL_OPERATION - There is currently no image bound. Use ilGenImages and ilBindImage before calling this function.


English grabs lead at PGA Mexico event
Mexico City - Harris English closed with back-to-back birdies, the last of them a 25-foot chip-in to seize a one-stroke lead after Saturday's second round of the PGA Mayakoba Classic.
English fired a bogey-free seven-under par 64 at Playa del Carmen, Mexico, to stand on 13-under 129 after 36 holes with Vaughn Taylor second on 130 and Brendon Todd another stroke adrift.
"Might have missed two greens today," English said. "Just hit it well. Iron game was on. Wedge game was on and I got hot with the putter a little bit. It was awesome.
"I feel like if I keep playing like this, I'm in a good spot."
All play Thursday was washed out by rain so those making the cut will try to complete 36 holes on Sunday but are faced with a likely Monday finish.
English seeks his third tour title and the first since he won the 2013 Mayakoba Classic by four strokes over compatriot Brian Stuard.
The American has produced three top-six finishes in four starts during the beginning of the 2019-20 USPGA campaign, sharing third at the Greenbrier and sixth at the Sanderson Farms Championship in September and fourth at last month's Houston Open.
English made three birdies in a row between the second and fourth holes, added another at the sixth and began the back nine with another at the par-3 10th.
That set the stage for his closing birdies at 17 and 18, the latter from just off the green.
"I was just trying to shove it up there close and it went in," English said. "When you get one to go in like that, it's icing on the cake."
New Zealand's Danny Lee, who opened with a 62 for the 18-hole lead, was sharing fourth on 132 with Adam Long and Robby Shelton.
Scores after Saturday's second round of the rain-hit US PGA Mayakoba Classic from Playa del Carmen, Mexico (par 71, USA unless noted):
129 - Harris English 65-64
130 - Vaughn Taylor 64-66
131 - Brendon Todd 63-68
132 - Danny Lee (NZL) 62-70, Adam Long 63-69, Robby Shelton 66-66
133 - Alvaro Ortiz (MEX) 66-67, Chris Baker 64-69, Pat Perez 68-65
134 - Zach Johnson 64-70, Carlos Ortiz (MEX) 69-65
135 - Mark Hubbard 64-71, Bo Hoag 66-69, Dylan Frittelli (RSA) 66-69, Robert Streb 71-64, Scottie Scheffler 66-69, Calum Hill (SCO) 69-66
136 - Chez Reavie 66-70, Chris Stroud 66-70, Ben Martin 67-69, Billy Horschel 65-71, Scott Piercy 70-66
137 - Nick Taylor (CAN) 67-70, Harold Varner 68-69, Brandon Wu 68-69, Aaron Baddeley (AUS) 70-67, Emiliano Grillo (ARG) 70-67, Graeme McDowell (NIR) 66-71, Matt Kuchar 69-68, Chase Seiffert 68-69


| 021:031 Khan | : |
And We have placed on the earth firm mountains, lest it should shake with them, and We placed therein broad highways for them to pass through, that they may be guided. |
| 021:031 Maulana | : |
And We made firm mountains in the earth lest it be convulsed with them, and We made in it wide ways that they might follow a right direction. |
| 021:031 Pickthal | : |
And We have placed in the earth firm hills lest it quake with them, and We have placed therein ravines as roads that haply they may find their way. |
| 021:031 Rashad | : |
And we placed on earth stabilizers, lest it tumbles with them, and we placed straight roads therein, that they may be guided. |
| 021:031 Sarwar | : |
We placed firm mountains on earth lest it would shake them away. We made wide roads for them so that they might have the right guidance. |
| 021:031 Shakir | : |
And We have made great mountains in the earth lest it might be convulsed with them, and We have made in it wide ways that they may follow a right direction. |
| 021:031 Sherali | : |
And WE have placed in the earth firm mountains lest it should quake with them; and WE have made therein wide pathways, that they may be rightly guided. |
| 021:031 Yusufali | : |
And We have set on the earth mountains standing firm, lest it should shake with them, and We have made therein broad highways (between mountains) for them to pass through: that they may receive Guidance. |
Concepts/Themes Covered: أركان الإسلام > التوحيد > توحيد الله تعالي > وحدانيته Pillars of Islam> Islamic> Oneness of Allah> Singularity and Being Unique العلوم والفنون > الحقائق العلمية و الإشاة إلى وقائع أيدتهاالإكتشافات العلمية > الإشارة إلى طبقات الأرض Science and Art> The Scientific Facts and the Indication to Facts which have been supported by the Scientific Discoveries>Indication to the Earth Strata العلوم والفنون > الحقائق العلمية و الإشاة إلى وقائع أيدتهاالإكتشافات العلمية > الجبال Science and Art> The Scientific Facts and the Indication to Facts which have been supported by the Scientific Discoveries>The Mountains
This tool uses eight English parallel translations for the Holy Quran imported from Mr. Clay Smith. You can also visit Qurany Concepts for browsing the Quran themes or topics. If you want to search the Holy Quran for keywords, please visit Qurany Keywords.


Scoreboard - Nov. 22, 2019 | Honolulu Star-Advertiser
TODAY
BASKETBALL
>> College women: Bank of Hawaii Classic—Utah vs. Texas Southern, noon; Texas-San Antonio at Hawaii, 2:30 p.m.; games at Stan Sheriff Center.
>> College women: Multnomah vs. Hawaii Hilo, 6 p.m. at Afook-Chinen Civic Auditorium.
>> High school girls: Sacred Hearts Invitational– Fifth-place semifinals: Kalani vs. Hawaii Baptist, 3:30 p.m.; McKinley vs. Mililani, 5 p.m. Semifinals: Sacred Hearts vs. Punahou, 6:30 p.m.; Radford vs. Seabury Hall, 8 p.m. Games at Sacred Hearts. King Kekaulike Tournament– Roosevelt vs. Kapolei, 1:30 p.m.; Kamehameha Hawaii vs. Nanakuli, 1:30 p.m.; Kapolei vs. Roosevelt, 3 p.m.; Molokai vs. Campbell, 4:30 p.m.; Kamehameha Maui vs. Leilehua, 6 p.m.; Kailua vs. King Kekaulike, 7:30 p.m.
FOOTBALL
>> First Hawaiian Bank/HHSAA Open Division—Semifinals: Campbell vs. Kahuku, 4 p.m.; Mililani vs. Saint Louis, 7 p.m.; games at Aloha Stadium.
SURFING
>> World Surf League: Hawaiian Pro, 8 a.m., at Sunset Beach.
VOLLEYBALL
>> Big West women: Long Beach State at Hawaii, 7 p.m., at Stan Sheriff Center.
>> PacWest women: Holy Names vs. Hawaii Pacific, 7 p.m., at St. Francis gym.
SATURDAY
ARCHERY
>> Aloha State Archery Association: State Classic 600 Round, 9 a.m., at Waipio Archery Range at Central Oahu Regional Park.
BASKETBALL
>> College women exhibition: Multnomah vs. Hawaii Hilo, 2 p.m. at Afook-Chinen Civic Auditorium.
>> High school girls: Sacred Hearts Invitational– Seventh place, 9:30 a.m. Fifth place, 11 a.m. Third place, 12:30 p.m. Final, 2 p.m. Games at Sacred Hearts. King Kekaulike Tournament– Kamehameha Maui vs. Roosevelt, noon; Molokai vs. Leilehua, 1:30 p.m.; Kamehameha Hawaii vs. Kapolei, 3 p.m.; Kailua vs. Campbell, 4:30 p.m.; Nanakuli vs. King Kekaulike, 6 p.m.
FOOTBALL
>> Mountain West: San Diego State vs. Hawaii, 6 p.m., at Aloha Stadium.
>> First Hawaiian Bank/HHSAA Division I–Semifinals: Leilehua vs. Hilo, 7 p.m., at Wong Stadium; ‘Iolani at Moanalua, 7 p.m.
>> First Hawaiian Bank/HHSAA Division II—Semifinals: Kapaa vs. Kaimuki, 2 p.m., at Vidinha Stadium; Roosevelt at Lahainaluna, 7 p.m..
SURFING
>> World Surf League: Hawaiian Pro, 8 a.m., at Sunset Beach.
VOLLEYBALL
>> PacWest women: Holy Names vs. Chaminade, 3 p.m., at McCabe gym; Academy of Art at Hawaii Hilo, 7 p.m., at UHH gym.
ILH BASKETBALL
Thursday
Boys varsity, division III preseason
>> Hawaiian Mission 56, Friendship Christ. 39
Girls varsity, division III preseason
>> Hawaiian Mission 49, Friendship Christ. 21
Boys junior varsity, div. II preseason
>> Kamehameha 53, Maryknoll 41
Girls junior varsity, div. II preseason
>> Kamehameha 34, University 16
Sacred Hearts Invitational
Girls varsity, preseason
>> Radford 30, Kalani 26
>> Seabury Hall 33, Hawaii Baptist 29


[1] be coiled no case can only after first year only be charged via interstate as have lived over spralling okie city ive been purchased with gloved of frozen hands.
[2] Satellite locks inside the upside i used this particular model heavily in Europe and Dubai and deletes all data if name is hard time when new map software not install the sat inside buildings.


Default With video Note, Android 2.3.5 possibly needs a fallback to own mp4 video format. Readme See added features and design approach See frame timings from Google timelines Best for Android 2.3.5: timedelay = 10 ms and no AnimationFrame. timedelay throttle; but in desktop it feels jerky ( Ubuntu 14.04, FireFox ). You can see JavaScript debug messages right over mobile screens. timedelay throttle, debug. no throttle, no animationFrame request. Not good for Andr ...


| Tests passed/Failed/Skipped: | 20/0/0 |
| Started on: | Thu Apr 08 19:34:47 GMT-05:00 2021 |
| Total time: | 384 seconds (384457 ms) |
| Included groups: | |
| Excluded groups: |
| PASSED TESTS | |||
| Test method | Exception | Time (seconds) | Instance |
| compareGiftTitlesWithOptions Test class: com.romanceabroad.ui.GiftTests |
2 | com.romanceabroad.ui.GiftTests@50b494a6 | |
| prettyWomenPageTestCase1 Test class: com.romanceabroad.ui.PrettyWomenTests |
8 | com.romanceabroad.ui.PrettyWomenTests@1dfe2924 | |
| prettyWomenWebPageCase2 Test class: com.romanceabroad.ui.PrettyWomenTests |
5 | com.romanceabroad.ui.PrettyWomenTests@1dfe2924 | |
| profilePageTest Test class: com.romanceabroad.ui.ProfileTest |
98 | com.romanceabroad.ui.ProfileTest@35d176f7 | |
| searchDifferentResults4 Test class: com.romanceabroad.ui.PrettyWomenTests Parameters: 18, 80, Default |
7 | com.romanceabroad.ui.PrettyWomenTests@1dfe2924 | |
| searchDifferentResults4 Test class: com.romanceabroad.ui.PrettyWomenTests Parameters: 18, 19, Name |
4 | com.romanceabroad.ui.PrettyWomenTests@1dfe2924 | |
| searchDifferentResults4 Test class: com.romanceabroad.ui.PrettyWomenTests Parameters: 38, 40, Views |
7 | com.romanceabroad.ui.PrettyWomenTests@1dfe2924 | |
| searchDifferentResults4 Test class: com.romanceabroad.ui.PrettyWomenTests Parameters: 60, 80, Registration date |
6 | com.romanceabroad.ui.PrettyWomenTests@1dfe2924 | |
| testArticlesAndTitles Test class: com.romanceabroad.ui.HowWeWorkTest |
17 | com.romanceabroad.ui.HowWeWorkTest@6e6c3152 | |
| testBlog Test class: com.romanceabroad.ui.BlogTest |
8 | com.romanceabroad.ui.BlogTest@32709393 | |
| testContactUsPage Test class: com.romanceabroad.ui.ContactUsTest |
10 | com.romanceabroad.ui.ContactUsTest@3cef309d | |
| testGalleriesTabs Test class: com.romanceabroad.ui.PhotosTests |
16 | com.romanceabroad.ui.PhotosTests@6ebc05a6 | |
| testLinkGiftsPage Test class: com.romanceabroad.ui.GiftTests |
5 | com.romanceabroad.ui.GiftTests@50b494a6 | |
| testMediaPage Test class: com.romanceabroad.ui.PhotosTests |
10 | com.romanceabroad.ui.PhotosTests@6ebc05a6 | |
| testRegistration Test class: com.romanceabroad.ui.MainPageTests Parameters<EMAIL_ADDRESS>password, 10, May, 2010,<PHONE_NUMBER>, Miami, Florida |
5 | com.romanceabroad.ui.MainPageTests@551aa95a | |
| testRegistration Test class: com.romanceabroad.ui.MainPageTests Parameters<EMAIL_ADDRESS>p@ssword, 1, Jun, 1999,<PHONE_NUMBER>, Miami, Florida |
6 | com.romanceabroad.ui.MainPageTests@551aa95a | |
| testRegistration Test class: com.romanceabroad.ui.MainPageTests Parameters<EMAIL_ADDRESS>p@ssw0rd, 12, Jul, 1975,<PHONE_NUMBER>, Miami, Florida |
4 | com.romanceabroad.ui.MainPageTests@551aa95a | |
| testRegistration2 Test class: com.romanceabroad.ui.MainPageTests Parameters<EMAIL_ADDRESS>James8, true |
5 | com.romanceabroad.ui.MainPageTests@551aa95a | |
| testSignIn Test class: com.romanceabroad.ui.MainPageTests Parameters<EMAIL_ADDRESS>AAAAAAAAAAA, false |
7 | com.romanceabroad.ui.MainPageTests@551aa95a | |
| testValueOfTheListInFooterMenuGiftsPage Test class: com.romanceabroad.ui.GiftTests |
10 | com.romanceabroad.ui.GiftTests@50b494a6 |


Truck size and weight
Light truck
Heavy truck
Scenario
Vehicle weight (kg)
Vehicle axle weight (kg)
Vehicle length (m)
Vehicle width (m)
Vehicle height (m)


Current temperature:
Loading ...
Current humidity:
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One hour
One day
One week
One month
All time


Patient profiles with all the applied protocols and procedures. This gives the health care professional a summary containing information about the patient state, procedures applied up until the moment of consultation, and the next steps in the clinical process.
The execution engine behind CompGuide interprets the clinical protocol and runs it against information about the state of the patient, thus providing contextualized decision support regarding diagnostic activities or procedure recommendations.
All tasks in the clinical protocol are mapped to the calendar of the health care professional in charge of them. This mapping respects the constraints about their relative order and their temporal restrictions.
Get individualized advice based on the state of a patient.
Machine-readable versions of clinical protocols deployable at the point of care delivery.
A personal assistant provides notifications about the execution of clinical tasks.
Tiago OliveiraResearcher
António SilvaDeveloper
Paulo NovaisSupervisor


DfE enquiries
Central newsdesk 020 7783 8300
General enquiries 0370 000 2288
Press release
A new fund of £1.8 million will pay for a series of teacher-led training programmes to help support the teaching of foreign languages.
Thousands of teachers will receive extra training and support to improve the teaching of foreign languages, thanks to £1.8 million of government money to fund a series of new school-led programmes, Education Secretary Nicky Morgan announced today (9 September 2014).
From this week schools across England will teach the new, more challenging languages curriculum - including a new requirement for languages to be compulsory for children aged 7 to 11 years. This will ensure that children in England learn the languages they need to succeed in the modern world.
The English Baccalaureate ( EBacc ), introduced by the government in 2010, has already helped reverse the decline in the numbers taking languages GCSE - 7% of GCSE entries this year were in languages, and the number of young people taking languages GCSEs this year was higher than in 2008.
As part of its work to help teachers introduce the new programme of study, the Department for Education has given £1.8 million to 9 projects that will work with more than 2,000 primary and secondary schools over the next 2 years across England.
The projects are based in:
as well as in various schools across the
The projects will be focused on supporting teachers with the elements of the new curriculum that may be more challenging.
These include the use of more spontaneous speaking and writing, grammar, translation and the introduction of literary texts in a foreign language at key stage 3.
To ensure the support and training being offered is relevant, programmes were only considered for funding if they could show they were led by teachers with collaboration between primary and secondary schools wherever possible.
Education Secretary Nicky Morgan said:
We want our young people to have the best possible start in life - that is why, as part of our plan for education, we want every child to learn a foreign language. It doesn’t just help them to understand different cultures and countries, it opens up the world.
By learning a foreign language, young people can go on to study and work abroad, but it’s not just that. Knowledge of different languages and cultures is increasingly important to employers in the UK too. That’s why the ability to speak and understand different languages is vital if young people are going to leave school able to get a job and get on in life.
We know that teachers are integral to this language revival so we are backing these schemes - led by teachers, for teachers - so they have the support they need to prepare our young people for life in modern Britain.
The new curriculum establishes foreign languages as a compulsory part of the primary curriculum for the first time and gives schools the freedom to teach any modern or ancient language they choose.
It includes a stronger focus on the knowledge and understanding needed to learn a language and hold a conversation with native speakers. There is also a greater rigour across all ages in grammar, vocabulary and spontaneous speaking and writing.
At secondary school, students will be expected to hold more challenging conversations in a foreign language and translate into the foreign language. There will also be a specific, new requirement to read and study literary texts such as stories, songs, poems and letters in the languages students are studying.
Each project will now work with schools to identify the areas where teachers have said they would like further support.
The successful schemes, which will be funded over 2 years are:
| The Association for Language Learning | £300,000 | This project will work with 500 schools across the north east, east of England and the north Midlands. In each area the project will set up one regional centre and 10 local centres in strategically-located teaching schools to provide training and share best practice. |
| Bournville Junior School, Birmingham | £195,000 | This school-led project will work with around 50 schools in the area offering continuing professional development to primary school teachers and subject leaders. |
| Callington Community College, Cornwall | £105,000 | Callington will provide support to 100 primary schools across Cornwall, Devon and Plymouth focusing on increasing teacher competence and confidence. |
| Rushey Mead School, Leicester | £240,000 | This scheme will work with 5 other teaching school alliances to support more than 150 primary and secondary schools to focus on phonology, grammar and assessment. |
| University of Gloucestershire | £265,000 | This project will provide training to teachers at 100 primary schools and 25 secondary schools across northern parts of the south west region. Training will be provided in partnership with a range of individual schools and schools clusters. |
| University of Reading | £107,000 | The university will train teachers in 30 primary schools and 30 secondary schools in Berkshire and Oxfordshire with specific attention on key areas including speaking skills, grammar and literary texts. |
| University of Warwick | £250,000 | Working with 300 schools, this project centres on French and aims to upskill 1,700 primary school teachers. The programme will look specifically at supporting pupils’ transition from primary to secondary school. |
| University of Winchester, Hampshire | £202,000 | This project will work with 216 primary schools across Hampshire, Portsmouth and Southampton and provide training for teachers. It has been set up in conjunction with Hampshire local authority and Hiltingbury Junior School in Eastleigh, which has a good record in teaching languages at primary school level. |
| Warrington Teaching School Alliance | £117,000 | The scheme will support nearly 700 primary schools across the north west on all aspects of study at key stage 2. It is led by the Evelyn Street Community Primary School in Warrington, which has a strong record of language teaching. |
Central newsdesk 020 7783 8300
General enquiries 0370 000 2288
Published: 9 September 2014


transitionMatrix.utils subpackage¶
transitionMatrix.utils contents¶
This module contains various helper classes and functions that do not fit into any of the main modules of the library
transitionMatrix.utils Submodules¶
transitionMatrix.utils.converters module¶
Converter utilities to help switch between various formats
-
transitionMatrix.utils.converters.
datetime_to_float
(dataframe)¶ Converts dates from string format to the canonical float format
- Parameters
dataframe – Pandas dataframe with dates in string format
- Returns
Pandas dataframe with dates in float format
- Return type
object
Note
The date string must be recognizable by the pandas to_datetime function.
transitionMatrix.utils.dataset_generators module¶
-
transitionMatrix.utils.dataset_generators.
exponential_transitions
(statespace, n, sample, rate, data_format='Compact')¶ Generate continuous time events from exponential distribution and uniform sampling from state space. Suitable for testing cohorting algorithms and duration based estimators.
The data are sorted by entity ID, then by time of occurrence T. The first entry per entity indicates the state up to that timepoint. The format is a sequence of triples (ID, Time, State)
- Parameters
statespace – The state space to use for the simulation
n (int) – The number of distinct entities to simulate
sample (int) – The number of events to simulate
rate (float) – The event rate
- Returns
transition events
- Return type
pandas dataframe
Note
May generate successive events in the same state
-
transitionMatrix.utils.dataset_generators.
long_format
(statespace, transitionmatrix, n, timesteps)¶ Generate continuous events from a markov chain matrix in Long data format Suitable for testing duration based estimators
- Parameters
n (int) – The number of distinct entities to simulate
timesteps (int) – The number of timesteps to simulate (including initial state)
- Returns
the message id
- Return type
pandas dataframe
-
transitionMatrix.utils.dataset_generators.
markov_chain
(statespace, transitionmatrix, n, timesteps)¶ Generate discrete events from a markov chain matrix in Compact data format Suitable for testing cohort based estimators
- Parameters
n (int) – The number of distinct entities to simulate
timesteps (int) – The number of timesteps to simulate (including initial state)
- Returns
the message id
- Return type
pandas dataframe
transitionMatrix.utils.preprocessing module¶
module transitionMatrix.utils - helper classes and functions
-
transitionMatrix.utils.preprocessing.
bin_timestamps
(data, cohorts)¶ Bin timestamped data in a dataframe so as to have ingoing and outgoing states per cohort interval
The ‘Time’ column is used by default
Note
This is a lossy operation: Timestamps are discretised and intermediate state transitions are lost
-
transitionMatrix.utils.preprocessing.
unique_timestamps
(data)¶ Identify unique timestamps in a dataframe
- Parameters
data – dataframe. The ‘Time’ column is used by default
- Returns
returns a numpy array


Pig Dice is played with two six-sided dice and has following rules:
Roll as many times. If none of a dice rolls is a 1, then total is added for the current turn score. If a single 1 is rolled, then turn ends and score for that turn is zero. The game is won when one player hits 50.
Round Total:
Total Score:
Round Total:
Total Score:


DriveDog help
What is DriveDog
This is a utility that will try to keep your google drive and Linux directory in sync.
Delete a file locally in $HOME/drivedog and DriveDog will move to the bin the file on google drive.
limitation, DriveDog doesn't pick up files deleted on google drive, you will need to remove these yourself in $HOME/drivedog
Full run
this option removes the marker file DriveDog uses to track changes. Removing this file will mean the next run will examine all
files for download rather than anything newer than last successful run
Conflicts
conflicts happen when both the local linux drive copy of a file in $HOME/drivedog has been edited and the same file on Google Drive has been edited.
DriveDog doesn't know which one to keep.
Resolve conflict, keep file copy on google drive
remove the file on local storage and the conflict indicator file. For example
rm football.txt
rm .drivedog/.football.txt.conflict
Resolve conflict, keep local file edit on Linux
Go to Google Drive and remove the file to the bin, then remove the conflict indicator, e.g.
rm .drivedog/.football.txt.conflict
if you remove the file permanently then DriveDog will delete the file locally.
if DriveDog deletes a file
the file deleted will be renamed/moved to the .drivedog directory, e.g.
file football.txt would be moved to .drivedog/football.txt
renaming files on google
DriveDog gets in a mess with this. The problem now is the file title's will be different but the unique identifier remains the same.
DriveDog gets in a mess with this!
renaming files locally
renaming a file locally (mv'ing) will result in the original file on Google being removed and a new file being created.
same filename but 2 instances on Google drive
the way google drive works, there is nothing to stop 2 files or directories having the same name. They will have unique id's internally.
This will cause conflicts for DriveDog as unix filesystem doesn't support this


Alright, you've just learned your first sorting algorithms and you're ready to put them into practice, right? Sure. But there is one major
thing holding you back from doing so. You don't know how to swap values in your array in order to carry out your sorting operations! Don't worry,
I'll make this quick and painless so you can get back to work. The swap method I'm going to show you is something called the "slash, slash, backslash"
method of swapping. Now, it's a pretty common swap, but it isn't typically called the "slash, slash, backslash" method. It is hands down the
easiest way to remember how to swap two values in your array. Now, first, I'll write the code in Java, and then I'll explain why it's called slash, slash, backslash, then I'll explain
why it works.
public void swapSSB(int[] a, int i, int j){ int temp; temp = a[i]; a[i] = a[j]; a[j] = temp; }
So why is this called the slash, slash, backslash method? It's pretty simple, really. If you draw an imaginary slash (/) from a[i] to a[i] as well as one directly below it from a[j] to a[j], and then a backslash (\) from temp to temp, it really helpts to remember the structure of the swap. Here is a picture to help you visualize:
Why does it work?
It works because you're storing the value of a[i] in an integer "temp", then loading the value in a[j] to a[i]. You're then loading the previous value of a[i] back into a[j]. For example, lets say "i" was 0 and "j" was 1. Let's also pretend the array only holds 2 values: [3, 5]
Now, step by step let's walk through the swap. We declare an integer variable "temp", but we don't initialize it to anything yet. Then, we initialize it to the value of a[0] (because i is 0, remember?). So temp now equals 3, because a[0] = 3. We then say a[0] = a[1], and a[1] equals 5, so now a[0] = 5 (yay, we swapped a[j] into a[i], but now we need to swap what was in a[i] back into a[j]). The variable temp still holds the previous i value. So we can just say that a[j] = temp because we are swapping the values, after all. So now your a[i] = a[j] and your a[j] = a[i]. Now go get to sorting!


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Doctor among 430 civil servants awarded for long service
It was with an overwhelming sense of pride and joy that Dr Brian James accepted the Jamaica Civil Service long-service award on Wednesday for his years of contribution to the country in the medical field.
He was among 430 civil servants who have served for 25 years or more, who were recognised at the awards ceremony held on the lawns of King’s House.
Dr James, who is head of the Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care at the Bustamante Hospital for Children, said, initially, when he learnt that he would be among the honourees, he did not think much about it.
He noted, however, that as Prime Minister Andrew Holness presented him with his medal, he was overcome with pride.
He said he ha received many awards during his lifetime, but none has given him this feeling of satisfaction and sense of achievement.
most treasured accomplishment
“It feels like I have achieved one of my most treasured accomplishments,” he said.
“I didn’t know it would have meant so much to me. I have served in the public health sector for a long time and I am still happy to do my job,” he added.
Dr James has worked a total of 26 years in the public health sector, including at the Kingston Public and Spanish Town hospitals.
He said he plans to wear his medal to work for the next seven days.
“I can’t wait to wear it to work tomorrow,” he laughs, adding that he plans to have his name engraved on the medal.
Like Dr James, the other award recipients said they were delighted to be honoured.
Visually impaired telephone operator at the Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture and Fisheries, Jacqueline Reid, who has been employed to the Ministry for 26 years, said she was “very happy” to be recognised.
“I feel very good, especially because this is my first award,” the University of the West Indies graduate said, adding that she enjoys working in the Government service.
Calvin Thompson, who was also recognised for 26 years of service to the Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture and Fisheries, said it was good to have received an award before he retires.
Thompson started working in the ministry as a statistician and is now the director of field operations.
“I will put it (award) up on my wall so my children can see it and feel proud and even aspire for something greater,” he said.
Minister of Finance and the Public Service, Dr Nigel Clarke, in his remarks, congratulated and thanked the honourees for their sterling and dedicated service over the years.


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--- layout: archive title: Zulip Chat Archive permalink: /stream/116395-maths/topic/category.20theory.20PR.html ---
@Kevin Buzzard, @Reid Barton, @Johan Commelin, the first cut of my category theory PR has just landed as https://github.com/leanprover/mathlib/pull/152. Criticisms welcome!
Newbie comment: In line 39 of your category.lean
, you write
attribute [ematch] category.associativity_lemma
But isn't this also on the previous line?
Ooh, good catch. I didn't mean to have associativity marked as a simp, and will have to fix this. It shouldn't be a problem, but won't happen right now.
Ok
I submitted a review with 6 trivial comments.
@Scott Morrison You might want to just review your usage of variables. I saw a number of duplicates mentioned in both a variables
declaration and used in a def or theorem. I mentioned one on the PR, but there are more.
Thanks, @Sean Leather. I'm not sure that there were any actual errors, but I have definitely been writing code that sometimes has an explicit argument in a definition, when there is an implicit variable of the same name in scope. I'll be careful to avoid this.
No, there were no errors. It's just a comment on readability. Looks better now.
Another point is that I think so far in mathlib there is no camel casing. I don't have a strong opinion on this, butI noticed that you use NaturalTransformation
.
Once this PR has been merged we can formalise pijul.org. Once code extraction is in place we will have a fully verified abstract nonsense version control system!
I'm working with this and I was wondering why is_Isomorphism
is defined as it is. In particular, under the label I'd expect it to be a Prop? I'm new to lean in general so I'm sure it's justified, just having difficulty with any statements that involved "f is an isomorphism".
If f is an isomorphism, one wants to be able to talk about the inverse of f (compose it with other morphisms, and so on). Even though the inverse of f is uniquely determined by f, from Lean's point of view it is still additional data. If is_Isomorphism
was a Prop, it would throw away this data and you would need to use the axiom of choice to get a hold of f's inverse, which is generally less convenient.
If you want the Prop version, you can use nonempty (is_Isomorphism f)
.
This way you have a choice.
def blah1 ... : is_Isomorphism f := ... -- show f is an isomorphism by exhibiting an inverse; -- Lean now knows that the inverse is given by definition by whatever formula you gave lemma blah2 ... : nonempty (is_Isomorphism f) := ... -- show f is an isomorphism but don't specify the inverse; -- Lean knows nothing about the inverse other than the equations contained in is_Isomorphism
Sometimes you don't care about the exact construction of the inverse, and then the second option is appropriate.
If is_Isomorphism
is not a prop, isn't the name contrary to mathlib conventions?
I agree, but this is in a not yet revised PR.
Thanks, Reid. Makes a lot of sense; just getting used to this hesitance about choice. Thanks for the suggestion too of the Prop version.
{% endraw %}Last updated: Apr 24 2020 at 19:02 UTC


march 27, 2020
To take a trivial example, which of us ever undertakes laborious physical exercise, except to obtain some advantage from it? But who has any right to find fault with a man who chooses...
march 27, 2020
To take a trivial example, which of us ever undertakes laborious physical exercise, some advantage from it? fault with a man who chooses...
march 27, 2020
To take a trivial example, which of us ever undertakes laborious physical exercise, except to obtain some advantage from it? But who has any right to find fault with a man who chooses...
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INNERSPACE A film review by Steve Fritzinger Copyright 1987 Steve Fritzinger
INNERSPACE retells the FANTASTIC VOYAGE story, this time going for, and getting, laughs. Dennis Quaid plays Tuck Pendelton, a washed-up fighter pilot with an ego the size of a truck. He is to man the first miniaturized exploration of a living animal. When the experiment is interrupted by industrial spies, Pendelton is accidentally injected into the rear end of Jack Putter, a Safeway clerk played by Martin Short. Putter is a nervous hypochondriac whose ego is as under-developed as Tuck's is over-inflated.
Putter, with the help of Tuck's reporter girlfriend, must recover the stolen microchip needed to reenlarge Tuck, before Tuck's air supply runs out. They are chased by villains reminiscent of a James Bond film, captured by rival scientists, and threatened by orange-haired grocery shoppers.
INNERSPACE takes the elements of a typical adventure thriller, adds some snappy dialogue and good special effects, and skillfully creates a very entertaining movie. More than once the whole theater was laughing out loud.   Leave your brain at home and you'll have a good time." I took my brain along, and thought INNERSPACE was great.
Steve Fritzinger CCI-OSD Reston VA.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


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A channel to discuss trading. For useful links and more info click the pinned messages to the right.
100 messages
Before 05-Dec-19 12:00 AM
Caglio07-Aug-19 08:51 PM
We will see
I would just like to see something actually happening, except retard memeing the best tech in industry
2
scytale07-Aug-19 08:52 PM
lel
Caglio07-Aug-19 08:52 PM
If nothing changes, than buying at 100 sats means shit
cos its worthless
nothing gonna change except accidental pump and dump
dan.07-Aug-19 08:53 PM
theres irony in markets. things cannot moon until there is true capitulation. and by definition, that means most people probably won't ever see gains... because it literally can only go up if there is no selling pressure, so those people need to of sold already.
sprinkle in unregulated markets and manipulation, and you got crypto markets in a nutshell(edited)
anyways YOLO. i will buy down to 4k sats if it comes soon
alts fell way too hard, and too fast
phideas07-Aug-19 08:58 PM
Careful with capitulation. Some ppl still waiting for $1300 / BTC. It turned out capitulation was from 6 to 3.5k.
JimD07-Aug-19 09:01 PM
No matter what the price there will always be a faglord saying it will go lower or it will go higher
sometimes you just gotta call the ball and make the move
Ive seen this on literally every single trading channel even when I have been right about lows and highs
Im not right every time but honestly you really can't listen to others
dan.07-Aug-19 09:02 PM
thats why im starting to buy back in on the way down starting today
The total founders reward to date, ~1.42M ZEC, could have generated ~ $245M if it was sold on the corresponding days it was received, $179.6M based on the historical median price of Zcash, or $254M based on its historical average price [GENESIS] https://t.co/vffA2gnGBp<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Holy shit never realized how much it actually was
Imagine what the kmd team could have done with those funds
1
dan.07-Aug-19 09:04 PM
i dont like making a deal out of the minute by minute plays but is anyone else watching btc? its a battle at the moment
View Komodo team members and advisors. For more detailed analysis check team's ISS (ICO Success Score), LinkedIn profiles, titles, and positions inside the company.
Dominance Update
Please take a moment of silence for everyone that has been calling Alt Season over the last 6 months
It’s getting closer though
1
Cryptoon07-Aug-19 09:18 PM
Albeit using zec tech but still
Such an underachievement for raising 200million ish...
Kmd raised what... a couple million usd at the time of ico?
scytale07-Aug-19 09:21 PM
@Cryptoon don't further discredit yourself
Cryptoon07-Aug-19 09:22 PM
Ok bro
phideas07-Aug-19 09:26 PM
cca 80% btc dominance should hit channel resistance and trend reversal should start. this should pop long awaited altseason. target 40% BTC dominance. fingers crossed. not financial advice.
Binance, the world's largest cryptocurrency exchange by trading volume, said it's investigating the alleged of leak tens of thousands of customers verification information.
mrtzmp307-Aug-19 10:26 PM
New logo is in fire
Big improvement
Alexfrog07-Aug-19 10:28 PM
It is
Therefore KMD should turn around and rally any minute now!
1
1
mrtzmp307-Aug-19 10:58 PM
Cu at 6000
Damn kmd really getting hit
I think it's blowback from the looses it didn't take during rebrand
Where it lost way less than others lmao
Caglio07-Aug-19 11:02 PM
@mrtzmp3 was I or was I not saying thats
mrtzmp307-Aug-19 11:02 PM
@Caglio dude
You was right
Point was you blame team
Has nothing to do with that
Dude I can buy some of kmd now
But I wont
Till I see green weekly bottom
Easy as that
What going now in crypto market people may in hundred years write about the biggest theft in human history
Look this fake pump now above 12 k and how bots keep it there
For everybody in our discord suddenly bullish again
And then they will rekt those
FA is a meme just like Justin sun
Maybe even tomorrow something of same magnitude as eth comes out , a real new things . Watch all alts die into this coin(edited)
Point is don't hold any alts fool
@Caglio
It's not time yet
You can s make back some looses in stable coin if you wait for btc drops then buy cheap alts back
When lern
Caglio07-Aug-19 11:22 PM
sry im high @mrtzmp3
Buddz199307-Aug-19 11:27 PM
with that kind of typing everyone feels like they are high,lol
mrtzmp307-Aug-19 11:41 PM
Fair enough
Anyway new logo is lit
Who ever put this move in motion deserves
Alexfrog08-Aug-19 12:20 AM
stream of consciousness
this is now the faulkner channel
grumpygoron08-Aug-19 12:30 AM
When I’m seeing @mrtzmp3 agreeing with @Caglio I know for damn sure we’re near the bottom. Bullish sign
Funds are safu. Donate: BTC: 17pq2BcAVbaeXQgpZJ9Brw7qGW5YGGQUT9 ETH/ERC-20: 0x7175CE963017307f6e57cE89CDb29a761E25aBFF XMR: 83vDTyehsLQZHGcpr8mSs3dJBV5Xo7Ht9...
1
1
Caglio08-Aug-19 01:23 AM
@mrtzmp3 i blamed team for marketing neglection
weldon.gull508-Aug-19 01:53 AM
The easiest way is to do some trading contests in the huobi or binnace
The exchange is the most direct route of communication
@Caglio hope to see the voice of the team.
actionslacks08-Aug-19 02:13 AM
why would you pay cexs for promotion when you're building a dex? it's like buying horses to pull your car.
Bittersweet08-Aug-19 02:26 AM
dollar value has been worse
how's everyone doing
actionslacks08-Aug-19 02:28 AM
I'm just enjoying show here in the salt mines.
being down 50 or even 80% is nothing new if you've been in this game awhile.
a btc bull run is great for alts regardless of what any of the so called experts think
Nev08-Aug-19 02:48 AM
@actionslacks, me too, funny.
passcombo.com 🏴☠🏴08-Aug-19 04:02 AM
I think ICOs overheated the crypto market (lost overal trust to alts) since most icos are scams and money grab - and most people cannot distinguish other alts from icos they see all the same; so this bull run may be diff then the last time
BTC up and down and alrs double down
for KMD it is very bad that there is not fresh money income - ecosystem needs fresh money, but currently :
1. more old investors cashing out then new comming in
2. internal KMD projects growing (new coming) and eating each other - using limited amounts available in the ecosystem, so every time new token comes, other will lose a bit.(edited)
polycryptoblog08-Aug-19 04:39 AM
We will outlast it one way or another
weldon.gull508-Aug-19 04:48 AM
There are obvious market operating behaviors, and the daily decline and proportion are very fixed, not a normal decline.
actionslacks08-Aug-19 04:49 AM
there has definitely been some sibling rivalry but i chalk it up to growing pains. the different parts all make the whole thing stronger i would hope. This is a fascinating experiment in decentralized software development.
weldon.gull508-Aug-19 04:54 AM
The trading market is being controlled by operations, and we are discussing technology here.


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Update: Harassment Charges Against DeMarcus Cousins Get Dropped
by VladTVUpdate 11/22/2019 7:13pm:
ESPN's Adrian Wojnarowski broke the news earlier today that Lakers' big man DeMarcus Cousins won't face harassment charges after an Alabama judge dismissed the case. However, Cousins can still face discipline from the league under its domestic violence policy, according to NBA front-office insider Bobby Marks.
Update 08/27/2019 4:24pm:
The Lakers released a statement following a report that DeMarcus Cousins threatened to kill his son's mother. Audio obtained by TMZ, allegedly features a man believed to be Cousins telling his ex, "I'm gonna make sure I put a bullet in your f**king head," after she said their son couldn't go to his wedding over the weekend.
The statement reads, "We are aware of the allegation involving DeMarcus Cousins and, of course, take this claim seriously. We are in the process of gathering information and will reserve further comment at this time."
Source: TMZ
Original 08/27/2019 11:15am:
The mother of DeMarcus Cousins' son has filed a police report in Alabama, claiming that the famed athlete threatened to put a "bullet in [her] f**king head" if she didn't allow their son to attend his August 24 wedding. Cousins' ex, Christy West, provided alleged audio of the athlete threatening her over the phone. West claims Cousins made the threat on August 23, one day before he was set to marry Morgan Lang in Atlanta.
A man, alleged to be Cousins, can be heard saying on the call, "I'm gonna ask you this one more time before I take it to another level. Can I have my son here, please?" West says, "No," and the man responded by saying, "I'm gonna make sure I put a bullet in your f**king head."
West has requested a restraining order against Cousins, who she claims also told her that he would kill her "even if he didn't have to get his hands dirty doing it." She added that she would be open to Cousins having supervised visits with his son.
Source: TMZ


|
libximc
2.13.1
|
Additional device state. More...
Data Fields | |
| int | WindingVoltageA |
| In the case step motor, the voltage across the winding A (in tens of mV); in the case of a brushless, the voltage on the first coil, in the case of the only DC. | |
| int | WindingVoltageB |
| In the case step motor, the voltage across the winding B (in tens of mV); in case of a brushless, the voltage on the second winding, and in the case of DC is not used. | |
| int | WindingVoltageC |
| In the case of a brushless, the voltage on the third winding (in tens of mV), in the case step motor and DC is not used. | |
| int | WindingCurrentA |
| In the case step motor, the current in the coil A (in mA); brushless if the current in the first coil, and in the case of a single DC. | |
| int | WindingCurrentB |
| In the case step motor, the current in the coil B (in mA); brushless if the current in the second coil, and in the case of DC is not used. | |
| int | WindingCurrentC |
| In the case of a brushless, the current in the third winding (in mA), in the case step motor and DC is not used. | |
| unsigned int | Pot |
| Analog input value in ten-thousandths. | |
| unsigned int | Joy |
| The joystick position in the ten-thousandths. | |
| int | DutyCycle |
| Duty cycle of PWM. |
Additional device state.
This structure contains additional values such as winding's voltages, currents and temperature.
| int DutyCycle |
Duty cycle of PWM.
| unsigned int Joy |
The joystick position in the ten-thousandths.
Range: 0..10000
| unsigned int Pot |
Analog input value in ten-thousandths.
Range: 0..10000
| int WindingCurrentA |
In the case step motor, the current in the coil A (in mA); brushless if the current in the first coil, and in the case of a single DC.
| int WindingCurrentB |
In the case step motor, the current in the coil B (in mA); brushless if the current in the second coil, and in the case of DC is not used.
| int WindingCurrentC |
In the case of a brushless, the current in the third winding (in mA), in the case step motor and DC is not used.
| int WindingVoltageA |
In the case step motor, the voltage across the winding A (in tens of mV); in the case of a brushless, the voltage on the first coil, in the case of the only DC.
| int WindingVoltageB |
In the case step motor, the voltage across the winding B (in tens of mV); in case of a brushless, the voltage on the second winding, and in the case of DC is not used.
| int WindingVoltageC |
In the case of a brushless, the voltage on the third winding (in tens of mV), in the case step motor and DC is not used.