Custom Facts
Extend facter by writing your own custom facts to provide information to Puppet.
Ruby Facts
Adding Custom Facts to Facter
Sometimes you need to be able to write conditional expressions based on site-specific data that just isn’t available via Facter (or use a variable in a template that isn’t there). A solution can be achieved by adding a new fact to Facter. These additional facts can then be distributed to Puppet clients and are available for use in manifests.
The Concept
You can add new facts by writing a snippet of Ruby code on the Puppet master. We then use Plugins In Modules to distribute our facts to the client.
An Example
Let’s say we need to get the output of uname -i to single out a
specific type of workstation. To do these we create a fact. We
start by giving the fact a name, in this case, hardware_platform
,
and create our new fact in a file, hardware_platform.rb
, on the
Puppet master server:
# hardware_platform.rb
Facter.add("hardware_platform") do
setcode do
Facter::Util::Resolution.exec('/bin/uname -i')
end
end
Note: Prior to Facter 1.5.8, values returned by
Facter::Util::Resolution.exec
often had trailing newlines. If your custom fact will also be used by older versions of Facter, you may need to callchomp
on these values. (In the example above, this would look likeFacter::Util::Resolution.exec('/bin/uname -i').chomp
.)
We then use the instructions in Plugins In Modules page to copy our new fact to a module and distribute it. During your next Puppet run the value of our new fact will be available to use in your manifests.
The best place to get ideas about how to write your own custom facts is to look at the existing Facter fact code. You will find lots of examples of how to interpret different types of system data and return useful facts.
Using other facts
You can write a fact which uses other facts by accessing Facter.value(“somefact”) or simply Facter.somefact. The former will return nil for unknown facts, the latter will raise an exception. An example:
Facter.add("osfamily") do
setcode do
distid = Facter.value('lsbdistid')
case distid
when /RedHatEnterprise|CentOS|Fedora/
"redhat"
when "ubuntu"
"debian"
else
distid
end
end
end
Loading Custom Facts
Facter offers a few methods of loading facts:
- $LOAD_PATH, or the ruby library load path
- The environment variable ‘FACTERLIB’
- Facts distributed using pluginsync
You can use these methods of loading facts do to things like test files locally before distributing them, or have a specific set of facts available on certain machines.
Facter will search all directories in the ruby $LOAD_PATH variable for subdirectories named ‘facter’, and will load all ruby files in those directories.
Facter also will check the environment variable FACTERLIB
for a colon delimited
set of directories, and will try to load all ruby files in those directories.
This allows you to do something like this:
$ ls my_facts
system_load.rb
$ ls my_other_facts
users.rb
$ export FACTERLIB="./my_facts:./my_other_facts"
$ facter system_load users
system_load => 0.25
users => thomas,pat
Facter can also easily load fact files distributed using pluginsync. Running
facter -p
will load all the facts that have been distributed via pluginsync,
so if you’re using a lot of custom facts inside puppet, you can easily use
these facts with standalone facter.
Custom facts can be distributed to clients using the Plugins In Modules method.
Configuring Facts
Facts have a few properties that you can use to customize how facts are evaluated.
Confining Facts
One of the more commonly used properties is the confine
statement, which
restricts the fact to only run on systems that matches another given fact.
An example of the confine statement would be something like the following:
Facter.add(:powerstates) do
confine :kernel => "Linux"
setcode do
Facter::Util::Resolution.exec('cat /sys/power/states')
end
end
This fact uses sysfs on linux to get a list of the power states that are available on the given system. Since this is only available on Linux systems, we use the confine statement to ensure that this fact isn’t needlessly run on systems that don’t support this type of enumeration.
Fact precedence
Another property of facts is the weight
property. Facts with a higher weight
are run earlier, which allows you to either override or provide fallbacks to
existing facts, or ensure that facts are evaluated in a specific order.
By default, the weight of a fact is the number of confines for that fact, so
that more specific facts are evaluated first.
# Check to see if this server has been marked as a postgres server
Facter.add(:role) do
has_weight 100
setcode do
if File.exist? "/etc/postgres_server"
"postgres_server"
end
end
end
# Guess if this is a server by the presence of the pg_create binary
Facter.add(:role) do
has_weight 50
setcode do
if File.exist? "/usr/sbin/pg_create"
"postgres_server"
end
end
end
# If this server doesn't look like a server, it must be a desktop
Facter.add(:role) do
setcode do
"desktop"
end
end
Timing out
If you have facts that are unreliable and may not finish running, you can use
the timeout
property. If a fact is defined with a timeout and the evaluation
of the setcode block exceeds the timeout, Facter will halt the resolution of
that fact and move on.
# Sleep
Facter.add(:sleep, :timeout => 10) do
setcode do
sleep 999999
end
end
Viewing Fact Values
[puppetdb]: If your puppet master(s) are configured to use [PuppetDB][] and/or the inventory service, you can view and search all of the facts for any node, including custom facts. See the PuppetDB or inventory service docs for more info.
External Facts
External facts are available only in Facter 1.7 and later.
What are external facts?
External facts provide a way to use arbitrary executables or scripts as facts, or set facts statically with structured data. If you’ve ever wanted to write a custom fact in Perl, C, or a one-line text file, this is how.
Fact Locations
External facts must go in a standard directory. The location of this directory varies depending on whether you’re using Puppet Enterprise or an open source release of Facter.
On Unix/Linux:
/etc/facter/facts.d/ # Puppet Open Source
/etc/puppetlabs/facter/facts.d/ # Puppet Enterprise
Note: These directories will not necessarily exist by default; you may need to create them.
Executable facts — Unix
Executable facts on Unix work by dropping an executable file into the standard external fact path above.
An example external fact written in Python:
#!/usr/bin/env python
data = {"key1" : "value1", "key2" : "value2" }
for k in data:
print "%s=%s" % (k,data[k])
You must ensure that the script has its execute bit set:
chmod +x /etc/facter/facts.d/my_fact_script.py
For Facter to parse the output, the script must return key/value pairs on STDOUT in the format:
key1=value1
key2=value2
key3=value3
Using this format, a single script can return multiple facts.
Executable facts — Windows
Executable facts are not currently supported on Windows.
Structured Data Facts
Facter can parse structured data files stored in the external facts directory and set facts based on their contents.
Structured data files must use one of the supported data types and must have the correct file extension. At the moment, Facter supports the following extensions and data types:
-
.yaml
: YAML data, in the following format:--- key1: val1 key2: val2 key3: val3
-
.json
: JSON data, in the following format:{ "key1": "val1", "key2": "val2", "key3": "val3" }
-
.txt
: Key value pairs, in the following format:key1=value1 key2=value2 key3=value3
As with executable facts, structured data files can set multiple facts at once.
Troubleshooting
If your external fact is not appearing in Facter’s output, running Facter in debug mode should give you a meaningful reason and tell you which file is causing the problem:
# facter --debug
An example would be in cases where a fact returns invalid characters.
Let say you used a hyphen instead of an equals sign in your script test.sh
:
#!/bin/bash
echo "key1-value1"
Running facter --debug
should yield a useful error message:
...
Fact file /etc/facter/facts.d/sample.txt was parsed but returned an empty data set
...
If you are interested in finding out where any bottlenecks are, you can run Facter in timing mode and it will reflect how long it takes to parse your external facts:
facter --timing
The output should look similar to the timing for Ruby facts, but will name external facts with their full paths. For example:
$ facter --timing
kernel: 14.81ms
/usr/lib/facter/ext/abc.sh: 48.72ms
/usr/lib/facter/ext/foo.sh: 32.69ms
/usr/lib/facter/ext/full.json: 104.71ms
/usr/lib/facter/ext/sample.txt: 0.65ms
....
External Facts and stdlib
If you find that an external fact does not match what you have configured in your facts.d
directory, make sure you have not defined the same fact using the external facts capabilities
found in the stdlib module.
Drawbacks
While external facts provide a mostly-equal way to create variables for Puppet, they have a few drawbacks:
- An external fact cannot internally reference another fact. However, due to parse order, you can reference an external fact from a Ruby fact.
- External executable facts are forked instead of executed within the same process.
- Although we plan to allow distribution of external facts through Puppet’s pluginsync capability, this is not yet supported. See ticket #9546


{# q_model.html #} {% extends "questionnaire/q_base.html" %} {% block script %} {{ block.super }} {% endblock %} {# /script #} {% block style %} {{ block.super }} {% endblock %} {# /style #} {% block content %}
|
Sorry, I couldn't find the page you're looking for. Make sure you have specified a valid project name, ontology name, and document type. Also, make sure you have specified whether you intend to "edit", "view", or "customize". ES-DOC Questionnaire help is available. |


In addition to the elements mentioned above, this is the list of area for which caution must be taken during the implementation.
- Access filtering through the "Origin" HTTP request header
- Input / output validation
- Authentication
- Authorization
- Access token explicit invalidation
- Confidentiality and Integrity
The section below will propose some implementation hints on every area and will be along with an application example showing all the points described.
The complete source code of the example application is available here.
Access Filtering
During a websocket channel initiation, the browser send the Origin HTTP request header that contain th source domain initiation the request to handshake. Event if this header can be spoofed in a forged HTTP request (not browser based), it cannot be overrided or forced in a browser context. It then represent a good candidate to apply filtering according to an expected value.
An example of attack using this vector and named Cross-Site WebSocket Hijacking (CSWSH) is described here.
The code below define a configuration that apply filtering based on a "whitelist" of origins. This ensure that only allowed origins can establish a full handshake
Authentication and Input/Output Validation
When using websocket as communication channel, it's important to use an authentication method allowing the user to receive an access Token that is not automatically sent by the browser and then must be expliclty sent by the client code during each exchange.
JSON Web Token is a good candidate because it allow to transport access ticket information in a stateless and not alterable way. Moreover, it define a validity timeframe. You can find additional information about JWT token hardening on this cheat sheet.
JSON Validation Schema are used to define and validate the expected content in input and ouput messages.


HBC 104 Experiment 11 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF LIPIDS
Introduction
We all tend to think of living systems as having evolved from an aqueous milieu, and therefore that the chemical components of the cell are polar substances, readily soluble in water. However, critical to the formation of any cellur structur and range of cell functions, are the heterogeneous group of biological compounds known as lipids. The main characteristic of these lipids molecules are their solubility in non-polar organic solvents, such as benzene, ether, chloroform or slightly more polar solvents as methanol or acetone.
They can be be subdivided into simple lipids consisting of fatty acid esters which yield fatty acids and alcohol (or sterols) on hydrolysis; and complex lipids which also contain phosphoric acid, nitrogeneous compounds (sphingosine, ethanolamine, choline etc) and various carbohydrates.
The edible fats and oils we find at home are triglycerides, i.e. esters of glycerol and fatty acids. Glycerol can form mesters with one, two or three of its hydroxl groups thus forming mono, di-, or tri-glycerides. A major biological mfunction of the glycerides is storage and transport of metabolic energy. While waxes, hydrocarbons, and fatty alcohol, the most non polar lipids, function primarily in forming protective surface on plants and animals. Some aquatic animals (e.g whales) can use waxes for energy storage.
Some of the most important lipids are those that serve as structural components of biological membranes - separating aqueous compartments within the organ and the cell. All members of this group are amphipathic (phospholipids, sphingolipids and sterol the latter two are usually absent from bacterial membranes).
Finally there is a large group of miscellaneous lipids, generally of lower molecular weight, (terpenes, steroids, prostaglandins and quinones) that include the hormones and vitamins.
Objectives
Boiling water
Separating funnel
Ice
Experimental
The sample samples consist of either free fatty acids, glycerides or a phospholipid (lecithin). Ideentify the samples. If preliminary tests of solubility and emulsifying action indicate that the substance is a complex lipid, it is not necessary to carry out Experiement 2.
The solubility of fats
To 2 drops of vegerable oil, or a little fat, in kindividual test tubes add about 3 ml of (a) ether (b) chloroform (c) petroleum ether (d) carbon tetrachloride (e)acetone (f) cold and (g) hot 90% ethanol. Observe solubility in these solvents. If solution is not evident place a few drops of the solvent phase on a piece of writing paper. If some of the fat has dissolved, a translucent spot will be left after evaporation of the solvent.Test for unsaturation
2 or 3 drops (or about 0.1g) of the lipid are dissolved or suspended in 2 ml of carbon tetrachloride, and a 1 % solution of bromine in carbon tetrachloride is added dropwise. If the bromine colour disappears without evolution of hydrogen bromide, unsaturation is indicated.
If only one or two drops of bromine are decolourized, the test should be taken as negative (due to impurities), since if the quantities suggested are used, an ethylenic substance should decolourize several drops of the reagent. Add bromine to 2 ml of carbon tetrachloride not containing lipid as a control.
Complex lipids like lecithin are characterised by lower solubility in non-polar solvent like petroleum ether and higher solubility in more polar likechloroform and alcohol, but a special property of lecithin is its complete insolubility in acetone.
Emulsifying action
Place 3 ml of water in two test tubes: to both add 2 drops olive oil, and to one of them add an additional 2-3 drops of the lecithin in 90% alcohol. Shake the tubes well and allow to stand.Hydrolysis oflecithin
Dissolve a small spatula head of lecithin i n 6 ml of 95% ethanol by heating in a 50 ml breaker on a water bath. When dissolved. heat the solution to the boiling point, and add 6 ml of 2 M HC1. Futher heat the mixtures on the steam bath until the reaction mixture is concentrated to about 1-2 ml. Cool breaker in iced water ad extract the reaction product twice in a separating funnel with 10 ml portions of ether decanting the ether extracts into a 50 ml conical flask.
To the other insoluble portion add 6 ml of water and keep the solution separated into:Fatty acids
To a small porcelain dish evaporate approximately 5 ml of the ether soluble fraction on a boiling water bath. (Caution! Do it in a fume cupboard without the presence of an open flame). Test the solubility of the acids in dilutedsodium hydroxide.Detectionn of glycerol
Place 3 ml of water soluble fraction in a test tube, add 1 ml of 2% sodium hypochlorite and boil for one minute. Add 3-4 drops of conc. HCI and boil one minute to remove the chlorine. Dilute to a volume of 5 ml and add an equal volume of a 1% orcinol solutionin conc. HCI. Mix and heat to boiling. If directions have been followed, a fine violet colour will be produced. In this reaction most of the glycerol is oxidized by the hypochlorite to dihydroxyacetaone na d part glyceraldehyde. These compounds condense with orcinol forming coloured compounds.Detection of phosphoric acid
Place 3 ml of the water soluble fraction in a test tube, add 2 ml of conc. HNO3, 4 ml of ammonium molybdate solution and keep for 5 minutes in a boiling water bath. The appearance of a yellow precipitate will indicate the presence of phosphoric acid.SAMPLE DATA SHEET CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF LIPIDSObservations
Solubiltiy of fats
| Sample | Ether | Chloroform | Petroleum ether | Carbon tetrachioride | Acetone | Cold ethanol | Hot ethanol |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|


Equivalent to selecting the Options button in a workbook contents window in Microsoft Excel version 4.0. This function is for compatibility with Microsoft Excel version 4.0. To change the name of a sheet in Microsoft Excel version 5.0, use the WORKBOOK.NAME function.
Syntax
WORKBOOK.OPTIONS(sheet_name, bound_logical, new_name)
Sheet_name is the name of a sheet.
Bound_logical is for compatibility with Microsoft Excel version 4.0. In Microsoft Excel version 5.0 and later versions, this should be TRUE or omitted because FALSE returns an error.
New_name is the sheet name to assign to sheet_name. If new_name is omitted, then the sheet name is not changed.
Related Functions
GET.WORKBOOK Returns information about a workbook sheet
WORKBOOK.NAME Changes the name of a sheet in a workbook
WORKBOOK.SELECT Selects the specified sheets in a workbook
Return to index


You can start learning by going through basic knowledge of each category given on
bi0s wiki. Also there are many video lectures you can watch explaining basic challenges and topics on
Amrita InCTF Junior. You can also practice challenges on bi0s-archive. Other than that you can google and find many more resources on any individual topic you are interested in.


This component still works even though the OptionalService (notice @Optional() in the consturctor isn't provided or configured anywhere. Angular goes through tree and visibilty rules, and if it doesn't find the requested service, returns null.


When two static methods have the same
method signature (at lines 3 and 13 for example),
overriding –
wherein the subclass method takes precedence –
does not occur (as
it does when instance methods have the same signature). Instead, the static method
thats being referenced at that particular time,
is the method that takes precedence (e.g. the static method number, thats associated with the
class A reference anInstance, at lines 10 and 11, takes precedence in this example).
As a result, the solution to this code is the int value 10 (from line 2), thats output when the println
statement is invoked on line 11.


XINS - Ajax Example with the jQuery
Description
This page is a demo that shows you how easy it is to use XINS in combination with the JavaScript jQuery library.
This example requires the myproject API to run on your computer.
To run the myproject API, go to the demo\xins-project directory and execute xins run-myproject.
For security reason, Firefox won't allow to call the API.
Form
A call is done to the API when you change the gender or lost the focus of the text field.
Answer:
Technical explanations
You can have a look at the source code of this HTML page to fully understand this example.
Prev


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Selector: mdc-ripple
Exported as: mdcRipple| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| attachTo: Element | Attach the ripple surface to an element. |
| primary: boolean | Colors the ripple with the primary theme color. |
| secondary: boolean | Colors the ripple with the secondary theme color. |
| disabled: boolean | Disable the ripple ink. |
| unbounded: boolean | Whether or not the ripple is unbounded (e.g.: checkbox or radio buttons). |


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Thank you for taking the time to take a market survey of Bus Mall
Please review the three random images and select one product that would interest you in purchasing it. As a thank you from us, you will receive a gift card.


# CSS Evaluator In this post I will explain how to write a monadic CSS selector evaluator. The CSS specification defines selectors, which indicate to which DOM elements a given list of style declarations needs to be applied. For example, the selector: #test > li selects the two li elements in the following document:
P1
P2
How do we write a function which takes as an input a CSS selector and returns a list of the selected DOM elements? Let's start by writing a function which selects the child elements of a given element based on a predicate function. I will give an implementation Javascript, but I will write a type signature for each function using Scala notation. // selectByPredicate: (Element => Bool) => Element => List[Element] function selectByPredicate (f) { return function (e) { var result = new Array(); for (var i = 0; i < e.children.length; i++) if (f(e.children[i])) result.push(e.children[i]); return result; } } By using this general select function we are able to write specialized select functions. We may for example write a function which selects child elements which have a specific id or a specific tagname: // selectById: String => Element => List[Element] function selectById (id) { return selectByPredicate(function (e) { return e.id == id; }); } // selectByTagName: String => Element => List[Element] function selectByTagName (name) { return selectByPredicate(function (e) { return e.tagName == name.toUpperCase(); }); } Now, we are able to translate the individual parts of the CSS selector to a function by partially applying our select functions: CSS Selector Part Partial Applied Selector Function Remaining Type #test selectById('test') Element => List[Element] li selectByTagName('li') Element => List[Element] Our next job is finding a method to chain these partially applied selector functions together. Notice how the remaining type of our partially applied functions line up. However, one quickly sees that simply using function composition is not going to work here: the result of a select function is a list of element while the input of a select function is just a single element. This looks remarkabily similar to the problem we faced while composing functions which returned an Option. Today, we apply the same trick. In Javascript we may implement flatMap on lists as following: // flatMap[A,B]: List[A] => (A => List[B]) => List[B] Array.prototype.flatMap = function (f) { return this.map(f).flatten(); } // flatten[A]: List[List[A]] => List[A] Array.prototype.flatten = function () { return this.reduce(function (left, right) { return left.concat(right) }, new Array()); } Now, we are able to compose the individual select function together and write one function which selects the elements given by the CSS selector #test > li: // xs contains the result of the CSS selector: #test > li var body = document.getElementById('body'); var xs = [body].flatMap(selectById('test')).flatMap(selectByTagName('li')) This may still look a bit difficult to understand, but imagine if Javascript supported for-comphrensions. In that case we would have been able to write: // xs contains the result of the CSS selector: #test > li var body = document.getElementById('body'); var xs = for { e1 <- selectById ('test')(body) e2 <- selectByTagName ('li')(e1) } yield e2 Looks quite elegant right? For those interested, a working example is available here.


Welcome to R2D2 Human Machine Interface
Wireless connection setup for R2D2.
Shows control configuration for PS4 and Keypad.


General Election 2019: the latest odds for the UK and Preston, Chorley and South Ribble seats
by Finlay GreigThe United Kingdom goes to the polls next month for the country’s third General Election in four years.
Current Prime Minister Boris Johnson and leader of the Labour Party Jeremy Corbyn are the chief contenders to enter Number 10, with the leader of the Conservatives fancied by the bookies at 1/4 to emerge as the country’s leader in the early hours of December 13.
Corbyn is less fancied at 5/2, while the leader of the Liberal Democrats Jo Swinson, who earlier this month made the audacious claim that she was “Britain’s next Prime Minister'' is an outsider, with odds of 33/1.
According to bookmakers, the most likely outcome of the General Election is a Conservative majority with odds currently floating at 1/2. A hung parliament is the second most probable outcome with odds of 7/4. A Labour majority is highly unlikely if odds are to be believed - that result is listed as 25/1.
Local odds
At the 2017 General Election Labour won Preston by a majority of 15,793. Bookies are expecting a similar result at this election, offering odds of 1/100 for a Labour victory. Conservatives 12/1 and Liberal Democrats 25/1 to cause a major upset.
The Conservatives are expected to retain the seat of Wyre and Preston North with odds of 1/25, while Labour and the Liberal Democrats are backed at 10/1 and 40/1 respectively.
Speaker Sir Lindsay Hoyle will face just two candidates in Chorley and is backed at 1/500 to retain his seat. Independent candidate Mark Brexit-Smith is lumped with odds of 66/1, while the Green Party are even less fancied at 150/1.
South Ribble is expected to be a slightly closer affair with the Conservative Party backed at 1/20, Labour 7/1 and Liberal Democrats 25/1.
Note: these odds were taken from paddypower.com and are accurate as of November 22, 2019.


They can hold their breath for five hours underwater.
Foxes eat just about anything, including berries, worms, spiders and small animals such as mice and birds.
The largest known kill by an eagle was a dulker deer weighing 37 kg - which was 7-8 times the weigth of the Martial Eagle that killed it.


Thank you! We've received your superlative votes, quote, and memory. If you have any questions, please contact Rose Hacker.
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subject = "{{ ticket.subject }} (#{{ ticket.id }}) was closed" == Hello {{ name }}, support ticket #{{ ticket.id }} was closed. ==
Hello {{ name }},
support ticket #{{ ticket.id }} was closed.


| Name | Lambert Conic Conformal (1SP) |
| EPSG Code | 9801 |
| GeoTIFF Code | CT_LambertConfConic_1SP (9) |
| OGC WKT Name | Lambert_Conformal_Conic_1SP |
| Supported By | EPSG, PROJ.4 |
| Name | EPSG # | GeoTIFF ID | OGC WKT | Units | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Latitude of natural origin | 1 | NatOriginLat | latitude_of_origin | Angular | |
| Longitude of natural origin | 2 | NatOriginLong | central_meridian | Angular | |
| Scale factor at natural origin | 5 | ScaleAtNatOrigin | scale_factor | Unitless | |
| False Easting | 6 | FalseEasting | false_easting | Linear | |
| False Northing | 7 | FalseNorthing | false_northing | Linear |
+proj=lcc +lat_1=Latitude of natural origin +lon_0=Longitude of natural origin +k_0=Scale factor at natural origin +x_0=False Origin Easting +y_0=False Origin Northing(Provided by Frederic Trastour of Geoimage)
Sometimes however, although a one standard parallel Lambert is normally considered to have unity scale factor on the standard parallel, a scale factor of slightly less than unity is introduced on this parallel. This is a regular feature of the mapping of some former French territories and has the effect of making the scale factor unity on two other parallels either side of the standard parallel. The projection thus, strictly speaking, becomes a Lambert Conic Conformal projection with two standard parallels. From the one standard parallel and its scale factor it is possible to derive the equivalent two standard parallels and then treat the projection as a two standard parallel Lambert conical conformal, but this procedure is seldom adopted. Since the two parallels obtained in this way will generally not have integer values of degrees or degrees and minutes it is instead usually preferred to select two specific parallels on which the scale factor is to be unity, - as for several State Plane Coordinate systems in the United States.
The choice of the two standard parallels will usually be made according to the latitudinal extent of the area which it is wished to map, the parallels usually being chosen so that they each lie a proportion inboard of the north and south margins of the mapped area. Various schemes and formulas have been developed to make this selection such that the maximum scale distortion within the mapped area is minimised, e.g. Kavraisky in 1934, but whatever two standard parallels are adopted the formulas for the projected coordinates are the same.
For territories with limited latitudinal extent but wide longitudinal width it may sometimes be preferred to use a single projection rather than several bands or zones of a Transverse Mercator. If the latitudinal extent is also large there may still be a need to use two or more zones if the scale distortion at the extremities of the one zone becomes too large to be tolerable.
To derive the projected Easting and Northing coordinates of a point with geographical coordinates (*,*) the formulas for the two standard parallel case are:
Easting, E = EF + r sin * Northing, N = NF + rF - r cos * where m = cos*/(1 - e2sin2*)1/2 for m1, *1, and m2, *2 where *1 and *2 are the latitudes of the standard parallels t = tan(*/4 - */2)/[(1 - e sin*)/(1 + e sin*)]e/2 for t1, t2, tF and t using *1,*2,* F and * respectively n = (loge m1 - loge m2)/(loge t1 - loge t2) F = m1/(nt1n) r = a F tn for rF and r, where rF is the radius of the parallel of latitude of the false origin * = n(* - *0) The reverse formulas to derive the latitude and longitude of a point from its Easting and Northing values are: * = */2 - 2arctan{t'[(1 - esin*)/(1 + esin*)]e/2} * = *'/n +*0 where r' = *[(E - EF)2 + {rF - (N - NF)}2]1/2 , taking the sign of n t' = (r'/(aF))1/n *' = arctan [(E- EF)/(rF - (N- NF))] and n, F, and rF are derived as for the forward calculation. With minor modifications these formulas can be used for the single standard parallel case. Then E = FE + r sin* N = FN + r0 - r cos*, using the natural origin rather than the false origin. where n = sin *0 r = aFtn k0 for r0, and r t is found for t0, *0 and t, * and m, F, and * are found as for the two standard parallel case The reverse formulas for * and * are as for the two standard parallel case above, with n, F and r0 as before and *' = arctan[(E - FE)/{r0 -(N - FN)}] r' = *[(E - FE)2 + {r0 - (N - FN)}2]1/2 t' = (r'/(ak0F))1/n For Projected Coordinate System JAD69 / Jamaica National Grid Parameters: Ellipsoid: Clarke 1866, a = 6378206.400 m., 1/f = 294.97870 then e = 0.08227185 and e^2 = 0.00676866 Latitude Natural Origin 18 deg 00 min 00 sec N = 0.31415927 rad Longitude Natural Origin 77 deg 00 min 00 sec W = -1.34390352 rad Scale factor at origin 1.000000 False Eastings FE 250000.00 m False Northings FN 150000.00 m Forward calculation for: Latitude: 17 deg 55 min 55.80 sec N = 0.31297535 rad Longitude: 76 deg 56 min 37.26 sec W = -1.34292061 rad first gives m0 = 0.95136402 t0 = 0.72806411 F = 3.39591092 n = 0.30901699 r = 19643955.26 r0 = 19636447.86 theta = 0.00030374 t = 0.728965259 Then Easting E = 255966.58 m Northing N = 142493.51 m Reverse calculation for the same easting and northing first gives theta' = 0.000303736 t' = 0.728965259 m0 = 0.95136402 r' = 19643955.26 Then Latitude = 17 deg 55 min 55.800 sec N Longitude = 76 deg 56 min 37.260 sec W
Frank Warmerdam says: > Gerald, > > I presume that what you call the tangent version of LCC is what EPSG calls > the 1SP form - is that right? I am still confused trying to connect your > answer with the parameters EPSG lists for LCC 1SP. EPSG indicates the > following parameters for LCC 1SP: Cartography is infamous for variations in terminology. "Natural orgin," indeed. But I suspect that it is the tangency parallel, thus lat_1=18d00'. Also lat_0 same. My definition for the following would be (sans ellipsoid parameters) proj=lcc lat_0=18 lat_1=18 lon_0=-77 k_0=1 x_0=250000 y_0=150000 > Latitude Natural Origin 18 deg 00 min 00 sec N = 0.31415927 rad > Longitude Natural Origin 77 deg 00 min 00 sec W = -1.34390352 rad > Scale factor at origin 1.000000 > False Eastings FE 250000.00 m > False Northings FN 150000.00 m Single latitude (I prefer "standard latitude") is tangent form, two standard parallels is the secant form. Most US usage is the secant form. There should be a few tangent forms in the world definition file in my distrubution for some central American countries. The single parallel with k_0 < 1. can also be computed with the secant parameters and, as I recall, there is a formula to work from one to the other. Not a matter of right or wrong way, just what one feels comfortable using. BTW, I haven't tried it in a *long time* but I believe angular input can be made in radians by using the suffice r. Thus lat_0=.31415927r (18d) Web site is the *first* time I've ever seen anyone spec radians! The second paragraph of the "EPSG Notes" has some questionable statements. Two standard parallel may readily be integral degrees or with relatively simple fractional values (like 1/2). The standard llc usage for the conterminous US map is an example. The tangential form for llc in PROJ.4 was not developed until much later as it is rarely used in the US. I don't think NMD's GCTP provides for it. Its inclusion was suggested by an "outsider."


Created by: Jamal L. 3/19/21
This was a test project using the Ace api. The api is responsible for compialing the javascript logic on the server side lib.
I build the project in raw HTML, CSS, JS for both fun and ease of use.
...
My other socials: My Github, Youtube, Portfolio (W.I.P)
If you want to check out other projects im working on then here are a few links.
Discord Bot Guide,
Beyond the scars
More projects coming soon! If you want to contact me head over to my contact page!.


Skins
Enter one of these in as your name and your cell will look like it!
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Blue
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Pink


Hispanic Legacies in Electronic Literature: The Trace of Experimental Writing in Spain and Latin America
The first AAHD Digital Humanities conference is taking place in Buenos Aires on November 17-19. The occasion is special for a number of reasons, most importantly for me because—although I didn’t get to go—the wonderful Alex Saum-Pascualwill be debuting our E-Lit exhibit project Hispanic Legacies in Electronic Literature: The Trace of Experimental Writing in Spain and Latin America. Presenting this project for the first time in Argentina is meaningful in several ways for us. First of all, there is a long tradition of E-Lit creative production, perhaps best exemplified in the Northern hemisphere by María Uribe’s extremely well known and widely exhibited Anipoemas and Tipoemas. And secondly, Buenos Aires has been the stage of important, pioneering E-Lit projects since 2004 like Ludión (latin american exploratory of poetic/politic technologies) directed by Claudia Kozak that constitute the background of our work. Further, Buenos Aires will host the 2015 E-Poetry festival, and thus has become a central stage to talk about projects such as mine and Alex’s.
Hispanic Legacies will take place at the University of Berkeley in the Spring 2016 and bring to a close a series of collaborations that are in the making with Hermeneiain Barcelona and lleom in Mexico City looking into specific aspects of E-Lit in distinct social, literary, and scholarly contexts in Latin America and the Iberian Peninsula. In that sense, even though we come from those contexts, Hispanic Legacies is tightly linked to the North American context in which Alex and I work as well as to its long and deep tradition of E-Lit creation and scholarly explorations. The objective of Hispanic Legacies is to reposition the place of Spanish (and Portuguese) language experimentalism as alternative and/or analogous origins of E-Lit practices commonly framed by Northerly models. After all, as Alex wrote elsewhere, the origin of the project was the DHSI2014 course ““Electronic Literature: Research and Practice.” Thus, the exhibit has a self-reflexive component regarding the place of Latin American and Iberian electronic literatures within the North American (academic) geography and seeks to offer a retrospective look capable of opening new and richer takes on the field.
With this in mind, Hispanic Legacies continues, expands, and dialogues with previous E-Lit exhibits that have taken place in the US such as Electronic Literature and Its Emerging Forms that took place at the Library of Congress in 2013, as well as the MLA 2012, 2013, and 2014 exhibits. In her curatorial statement of the exhibit at the Library of Congress and following the work of Eduardo Kac and C.T. Funkhouser, Dene Grigar proposed “that electronic literature is a natural outgrowth of literary experimentation and human expression with roots in print literary forms and, so, constitutes an organic form generating from the dynamic human spirit that is evolving, will continue to evolve through time and medium.” Our exhibit incorporates this and further proposes E-Lit works as an ideal locus to observe individual materializations of the literary that have manifested analogously regardless of language and geography in the last century. Questions that we seek to explore include: In which cases can we observe a dynamic of influence or a deliberate dialogue between E-Lit works and the historic avant-garde? What specific media conditions may have led to the creation of “proto-electronic” works and how do they resemble other (E-Lit) media landscapes? Are works from the historic avant-garde and E-Lit analogous, asynchronic, individual materializations of the literary? And finally, what is the role of our historical/archaeological critical eye in these theorizations?
In order to explore this, Hispanic Legacies will offer a wealth of resources such as print books, artist books, and other material artifacts along with a selection of electronic literary works in Spanish, English, and some Portuguese. However, rather than offering a lineal history of the development of E-Lit from the historical avant-garde, the exhibit relies on a dynamic of productive juxtaposition. The selection of works will be divided into four thematic-material sections. The first one will focus on labyrinth and endless writing, randomness, and infinite combinations. Section two will be devoted to allegorical representations, circular time and simultaneity. Section number three will look into materializations of concretism and generativism. And, finally, the fourth section will bring to the fore pre- and post- digital material tensions in the literary.
We hope Hispanic Legacies will contribute to highlight the relevance of the Iberoamerican literary traditions in current theorizations about media and literature. Further, the focus of the exhibit’s sections proposes a look into the historical avant-garde and E-lit that does not depend on technological developments alone, but, above all, on literary and philosophical concerns that have recurred at different times and under particular media conditions.
More soon…


--- layout: post date: 2012-04-15 time: "09:00:00" authors: ["Greg Wilson"] title: Data Munging with Regular Expressions tags: ["Tutorial"] ---
Indiana U's Mike Hansen has written a blog post explaining how he used regular expressions to rename and fix some MATLAB files. Even if you don't use MATLAB, you should find lots of useful stuff in it. Thanks, Mike.


1. Introduction
[INTRODUCTION GOES HERE]
1.1. Guarantees
This specification aims to provide a best-effort report delivery system that executes out-of-band with website activity. The user agent will be able to do a better job prioritizing and scheduling delivery of reports, as it has an overview of cross-origin activity that individual websites do not, and can deliver reports based on error conditions that would prevent a website from loading in the first place.
The delivery is not, however, guaranteed in a strict sense. We spell out a reasonable set of retry rules in the algorithms below, but it’s quite possible for a report to be dropped on the floor if things go badly.
Reporting can generate a good deal of traffic, so we allow developers to set up groups of endpoints in order to distribute load. Each of these endpoints will receive a subset of the generated reports which target that group. The user agent will do its best to deliver a particular report to at most one endpoint in a group. That is, reports will not fan-out to all the endpoints in a group, but the user agent will attempt delivery to one endpoint, and fallback to another upon failure.
1.2. Examples
endpoint-1
":
Report-To: { "url": "https://example.com/reports", "group": "endpoint-1", "max-age": 10886400 }, { "url": "https://backup.com/reports", "group": "endpoint-1", "max-age": 10886400 }
And the following headers, which direct CSP and HPKP reports to that group:
Content-Security-Policy: ...; report-to=endpoint-1 Public-Key-Pins: ...; report-to=endpoint-1
Report-To: { "url": "https://example.com/csp-reports", "group": "csp-endpoint", "max-age": 10886400 }, { "url": "https://example.com/hpkp-reports", "group": "hpkp-endpoint", "max-age": 10886400 }
And the following headers, which direct CSP and HPKP reports to those named endpoint:
Content-Security-Policy: ...; report-to=csp-endpoint Public-Key-Pins: ...; report-to=hpkp-endpoint
2. Concepts
2.1. Endpoints
An endpoint is location to which reports may be sent.
Each endpoint has a url,
which is a URL
.
Each endpoint has a failures, which is a non-negative integer representing the number of consecutive times this endpoint has failed to respond to a request.
Each endpoint has a retry-after, which is either null
, or a timestamp after which delivery should be retried.
Each endpoint has a clients list, which is a list of clients.
An endpoint is expired if every client in its list of clients
is expired.
An endpoint is pending if its retry-after
is not null
, and represents a time in the future.
2.2. Clients
A client represents a particular origin’s relationship to an endpoint.
Each client has an origin, which is an origin.
Each client has a subdomains flag (which is either "include
" or "exclude
").
Each client has a group which is an ASCII string.
Each client has a ttl representing the the number of seconds the client remains valid for an endpoint.
Each client has a creation which is the timestamp at which the client was added to an endpoint.
A client is expired if its creation
plus its ttl
represents a time in the past.
2.3. Reports
A report is a collection of arbitrary data which the user agent is expected to deliver to a specified endpoint.
Each report has a body,
which is either null
or an object which can be serialized into a JSON
text.
Each report has an url,
which is the address of the Document
or Worker
from which the report was
generated.
Note: We strip the username, password, and fragment from this serialized URL. See §7.1 Capability URLs.
Each report has an origin, which is an origin representing the report’s initiator.
Each report has an group,
which is a string representing the group
to which this report
will be sent.
Each report has a type, which is a non-empty string specifying the type of data the report contains.
Each report has a timestamp, which records the time at which the report was generated, in milliseconds since the unix epoch.
Each report has a attempts, which is a non-negative integer representing the number of times the user agent attempted to deliver the report.
2.4. Storage
A conformant user agent MUST provide a reporting cache, which is a storage mechanism that maintains a set of endpoints that websites have instructed the user agent to associate with their origins, and a set of reports which are queued for delivery.
This storage mechanism is opaque, vendor-specific, and not exposed to the web, but it MUST provide the following methods which will be used in the algorithms this document defines:
3. Endpoint Delivery
A server MAY define a set of reporting endpoints for an origin it controls
via the Report-To
HTTP response header field. This mechanism
is defined in §3.1 The Report-To HTTP Response Header Field, and its processing in §3.2 Process reporting endpoints for response to request.
3.1. The Report-To
HTTP Response Header Field
The Report-To
HTTP response header field instructs the
user agent to store reporting endpoints for an origin. The header is
represented by the following ABNF grammar [RFC5234]:
Report-To = json-field-value ; See Section 2 of [[HTTP-JFV]], and Section 2 of [[RFC7159]]
The header’s value is interpreted as an array of JSON objects, as described in Section 4 of [HTTP-JFV].
Each object in the array defines an endpoint to which reports may be delivered, and will be parsed as defined in §3.3 Parse reporting endpoint tuples from value.
The following subsections defined the initial set of known members in each JSON object the header’s value defines. Future versions of this document may define additional such members, and user agents MUST ignore unknown members when parsing the header.
3.1.1. The url
member
The REQUIRED url
member is a string that defines the location
of a reporting endpoint. The member’s value MUST be a string; any other type
will result in a parse error.
Moreover, the URL that the member’s value represents MUST be potentially trustworthy [SECURE-CONTEXTS]. Non-secure endpoints will be ignored.
3.1.2. The group
member
The OPTIONAL group
member is a string that associates a name with
the reporting endpoint. The member’s value MUST be a string; any other type
will result in a parse error. If no member named "group
" is present in the
object, the endpoint will be associated with a group named "default
".
The group name is not unique and multiple endpoints may use the same name to create a set of reporting endpoints that can be used for backup and failover purposes. If the member is omitted, the endpoint MUST be associated with the "default" group name.
Note: If a group resolves to multiple endpoints, the user agent will deliver a particular report to at most one endpoint in that group on a best-effort basis.
3.1.3. The includeSubdomains
member
The OPTIONAL includeSubdomains
member is a boolean that enables
an endpoint for all subdomains of the current origin’s host
.
If no member named "includeSubdomains
" is present in the object, or its
value is not "true
", the endpoint will not be enabled for subdomains.
3.1.4. The max-age
member
The REQUIRED max-age
member defines the reporting endpoint’s
lifetime, as a non-negative integer number of seconds. The member’s value MUST
be a number; any other type will result in a parse error.
A value of "0
" will cause the endpoint to be removed from the user
agent’s reporting cache.
3.2. Process reporting endpoints for response to request
Given a response (response) and a request (request), this algorithm extracts a list of endpoint objects, and updates the reporting cache accordingly.
Note: This algorithm is called from around step 13 of main fetch [FETCH], and only updates the reporting cache if the response has been delivered securely.
Fetch monkey patching. Talk to Anne.
-
Abort these steps if any of the following conditions are true:
-
response’s HTTPS state is not "
modern
", and the origin of response’s url is not potentially trustworthy. -
response’s header list does not contain a header whose name is "
Report-To
".
-
-
Let header be the value of the header in response’s header list whose name is "
Report-To
". -
Let tuples be the result of executing §3.3 Parse reporting endpoint tuples from value on header.
-
For each tuple in tuples:
-
Let new be a new client whose properties are set as follows:
-
origin
-
tuple’s
subdomains
-
tuple’s
group
-
tuple’s
ttl
-
The current timestamp
-
If there exists an endpoint (endpoint) in the reporting cache whose
url
is tuple’sURL
: -
Otherwise, there is no existing endpoint, so let endpoint be a new endpoint whose properties are set as follows:
-
tuple’s
URL
-
0
-
null
-
A new list, containing tuple
-
Insert endpoint into the reporting cache for origin.
-
3.3. Parse reporting endpoint tuples from value
Given a string (value) this algorithm will return a list of tuples
containing a URL
, subdomains
flag, ttl
, and a group
. This list will be empty if no valid endpoints could be
parsed.
-
Let list be the result of executing the algorithm defined in Section 4 of [HTTP-JFV]. If that algorithm results in an error, abort these steps.
-
Let tuples be an empty list.
-
For each item in list:
-
If item has no member named "
url
", or that member’s value is not a string, skip to the next item. -
If item has no member named "
max-age
", or that member’s value is not a number, skip to the next item. -
Let tuple be a new tuple containing the following:
-
"
url
" -
The result of executing the URL parser on item’s "
url
" member’s value. -
"
subdomains
" -
"
Include
" if item has a member named "includeSubdomains
" whose value istrue
, "Exclude
" otherwise. -
"
ttl
" -
item’s "
max-age
" member’s value. -
"
group
" -
item’s "
group
" member’s value if present, and "default
" otherwise.
-
-
If tuple’s "
url
" is not potentially trustworthy, or tuple’s "ttl
" is a negative number, skip to the next item.Note: User agents SHOULD raise some sort of developer-visible parse error in this case.
-
Append tuple to tuples.
-
-
Return tuples.
4. Report Delivery
Over time, various features will queue up a list of reports in the user agent’s reporting cache. The user agent will periodically grab the list of currently pending reports, and deliver them to the associated endpoints. This document does not define a schedule for the user agent to follow, and assumes that the user agent will have enough contextual information to deliver reports in a timely manner, balanced against impacting a user’s experience.
That said, a user agent SHOULD make a effort to deliver reports as soon as possible after queuing, as a report’s data might be significantly more useful in the period directly after its generation than it would be a day or a week later.
4.1. Queue data as type for endpoint group on settings
Given a serializable object (data), a string (type), another string (endpoint group), and an environment settings object (settings), the following algorithm will create a report, and add it to reporting cache’s queue for future delivery.
-
Let report be a new report object with its values initialized as follows:
-
Let url be settings’s creation URL.
-
Set url’s
username
to the empty string, and itspassword
tonull
. -
Set report’s
url
to the result of executing the URL serializer on url with the exclude fragment flag set. -
Add report to the reporting cache.
Note: We strip the username, password, and fragment from the serialized URL in the report. See §7.1 Capability URLs.
Note: The user agent MAY reject reports for any reason. This API does not guarantee delivery of arbitrary amounts of data, for instance.
4.2. Does endpoint match report?
Given an endpoint (endpoint) and a report (report), this
algorithm returns "Match
" if report should be sent to endpoint, and
"Does Not Match
" otherwise:
-
For each client in endpoint’s
clients
:-
If client is expired, skip to the next client.
Note: In this case, the user agent MAY remove client from endpoint, or it may wait and collect garbage en masse at some point in the future as described in §5.2 Garbage Collection.
-
Return "
Match
" if each of the following criteria is met:-
report’s
group
is an ASCII case-insensitive match for client’sgroup
-
If client’s
subdomains
is "exclude
", report’sorigin
is the same as client’sorigin
Otherwise, report’s
origin
'shost
is either a superdomain match or congruent match for client’sorigin
'shost
[RFC6797]
-
-
-
Return "
Does Not Match
".
4.3. Send reports
A user agent sends reports by executing the following steps:
-
Let reports be a copy of the list of queued report objects in reporting cache.
-
Let endpoint map be an empty map of endpoint objects to lists of report objects.
-
For each report in reports:
-
For endpoint in the reporting cache:
-
If endpoint is expired, skip to the next endpoint.
Note: In this case, the user agent MAY remove endpoint from the reporting cache, or it may wait and collect garbage en masse at some point in the future as described in §5.2 Garbage Collection.
-
If endpoint is pending, skip to the next endpoint.
-
If §4.2 Does endpoint match report? returns "
Match
" when executed upon endpoint and report:-
Append report to endpoint map’s list of reports for endpoint.
-
Skip to the next report.
Note: This ensures that each report is assigned to a single endpoint, even if it matches multiple. In order to ensure an even distribution across endpoints, the user agent SHOULD randomize the order in which it walks through endpoints.
-
-
-
If we reach this step, the report did not match any endpoint and the user agent MAY remove report from the reporting cache directly. Depending on load, the user agent MAY instead wait for §5.2 Garbage Collection at some point in the future.
-
-
For each (endpoint, reports) pair in endpoint map, execute the following steps asynchronously:
-
Let result be the result of executing §4.4 Attempt to deliver reports to endpoint on endpoint and reports.
-
If result is "
Success
":-
Set endpoint’s
failures
to 0, and itsretry-after
tonull
. -
Remove each report in reports from the reporting cache.
Otherwise:
-
Increment endpoint’s
failures
. -
Set endpoint’s
retry-after
to a point in the future which the user agent chooses.Note: We don’t specify a particular algorithm here, but user agents are encouraged to employ some sort of exponential backoff algorithm which increases the retry period with the number of failures, with the addition of some random jitter to ensure that temporary failures don’t lead to a crush of reports all being retried on the same schedule.
Add in a reasonable reference describing a good algorithm. Wikipedia, if nothing else.
-
-
Note: User agents MAY decide to attempt delivery for only a subset of the collected reports or endpoints (because, for example, sending all the reports at once would consume an unreasonable amount of bandwidth, etc). As reports are only removed from the cache when they’re successfully delivered, skipped reports will simply be delivered later.
4.4. Attempt to deliver reports to endpoint
Given a list of reports (reports) and an endpoint (endpoint), this algorithm will construct a request, and attempt to
deliver it to endpoint. It returns "Success
" if that delivery succeeds,
"Remove Endpoint
" if the endpoint explicitly removes itself as a reporting
endpoint by sending a 410 response, and "Failure
" otherwise.
-
Let collection be a new ECMAScript
Array
object [ECMA-262]. -
For each report in reports:
-
Let data be a new ECMAScript
Object
with the following properties [ECMA-262]:-
age
-
The number of milliseconds between report’s
timestamp
and the current time. -
type
-
report’s
type
-
url
-
report’s
url
-
report
-
report’s
body
Note: Client clocks are unreliable and subject to skew. We therefore deliver an
age
attribute rather than an absolute timestamp. See also §8.2 Clock Skew -
-
Increment report’s
attempts
. -
Append data to collection.
-
-
Let request be a new request with the following properties [FETCH]:
-
url
-
endpoint’s
url
-
header list
-
A new header list containing a header named "
Content-Type
" whose value is "application/report
" -
client
-
null
-
window
-
"
no-window
" -
skip-service-worker
flag -
Set.
-
initiator
-
""
-
type
-
"
report
" -
destination
-
""
-
mode
-
"
cors
" -
credentials
-
"
include
" -
body
-
The string resulting from executing the
JSON.stringify()
algorithm on collection [ECMA-262]
-
-
Queue a task to fetch request.
-
Wait for a response (response).
-
If response’s
status
is an OK status (200-299), return "Success
". -
If response’s
status
is410 Gone
[RFC7231], return "Remove Endpoint
". -
Return "
Failure
".
5. Implementation Considerations
5.1. Delivery
The user agent SHOULD attempt to deliver reports as soon as possible to provide feedback to developers as quickly as possible. However, when this desire is balanced against the impact on the user, the user wins. With that in mind, the user agent MAY delay delivery of reports based on its knowledge of the user’s activities and context.
For instance, the user agent SHOULD prioritize the transmission of reporting data lower than other network traffic. The user’s explicit activities on a website should preempt reporting traffic.
The user agent MAY choose to withhold report delivery entirely until the user is on a fast, cheap network in order to prevent unnecessary data cost.
The user agent MAY choose to prioritize reports from particular origins over others (perhaps those that the user visits most often?)
5.2. Garbage Collection
Periodically, the user agent SHOULD walk through the cached reports and endpoints, and discard those that are no longer relevant. These include:
-
endpoints which have not been used in some arbitrary period of time (perhaps a ~week?)
-
endpoints whose
failures
exceed some user-agent-defined threshold (~5 seems reasonable) -
reports whose
attempts
exceed some user-agent-defined threshold (~5 seems reasonable) -
reports which have not been delivered in some arbitrary period of time (perhaps ~2 days?)
6. Sample Reports
POST / HTTP/1.1 Host: example.com ... Content-Type: application/report [{ type: "csp", age: 10, url: "https://example.com/vulnerable-page/", report: { "blocked": "https://evil.com/evil.js", "directive": "script-src", "policy": "script-src 'self'; object-src 'none'", "status": 200, "referrer": "https://evil.com/" } }, { type: "hpkp", age: 32, url: "https://www.example.com/", report: { "date-time": "2014-04-06T13:00:50Z", "hostname": "www.example.com", "port": 443, "effective-expiration-date": "2014-05-01T12:40:50Z" "include-subdomains": false, "served-certificate-chain": [ "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n MIIEBDCCAuygAwIBAgIDAjppMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAMEIxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlVT\n ... HFa9llF7b1cq26KqltyMdMKVvvBulRP/F/A8rLIQjcxz++iPAsbw+zOzlTvjwsto\n WHPbqCRiOwY1nQ2pM714A5AuTHhdUDqB1O6gyHA43LL5Z/qHQF1hwFGPa4NrzQU6\n yuGnBXj8ytqU0CwIPX4WecigUCAkVDNx\n -----END CERTIFICATE-----", ... ] } }, { type: "nel", age: 29, url: "https://example.com/thing.js", report: { "referrer": "https://www.example.com/", "server-ip": "<IP_ADDRESS>", "protocol": "", "status-code": 0, "elapsed-time": 143, "age": 0, "type": "http.dns.name_not_resolved" } }]
7. Security Considerations
7.1. Capability URLs
Some URLs are valuable in and of themselves. To mitigate the possibility
that such URLs will be leaked via this reporting mechanism, we strip out
credential information and fragment data from the URL we store as a report’s originator. It is still possible, however, for a feature
to unintentionally leak such data via a report’s body
. Implementers
SHOULD ensure that URLs contained in a report’s body are similarly stripped.
8. Privacy Considerations
8.1. Network Leakage
Because this reporting mechanism is out-of-band, and doesn’t rely on a page being open, it’s entirely possible for a report generated while a user is on one network to be sent while the user is on another network, even if they don’t explicitly open the page from which the report was sent.
Consider mitigations. For example, we could drop reports if we change from one network to another. <https://github.com/WICG/BackgroundSync/issues/107>
8.2. Clock Skew
Each report is delivered along with an age
property, rather than the
timestamp at which it was generated. We do this because each user’s local
clock will be skewed from the clock on the server by an arbitrary amount.
The difference between the time the report was generated and the time it
was sent will be stable, regardless of clock skew, and we can avoid the
fingerprinting risk of exposing the clock skew via this API.
8.3. Cross-origin correlation
If multiple origins all use the same reporting endpoint, that endpoint may
learn that a particular user has interacted with a certain set of websites,
as it will receive origin-tagged reports from each. This doesn’t seem worse
than the status quo ability to track the same information from cooperative
origins, and doesn’t grant any new tracking ability above and beyond what’s
possible with <img>
today.
8.4. Subdomains
This specification allows any resource on a host to declare a set of reporting endpoints for that host and each of its subdomains. This doesn’t have privacy implications in and of itself (beyond those noted in §8.5 Clearing the reporting cache), as the reporting endpoints themselves don’t take any real action, as features will need to opt-into using these reporting endpoints explicitly. Those features certainly will have privacy implications, and should carefully consider whether they should be enabled across origin boundaries.
8.5. Clearing the reporting cache
A user agent’s reporting cache contains data about a user’s activity on the web, and user agents ought to handle this data carefully. In particular, if a user agent gives users the ability to clear their site data, browsing history, browsing cache, or similar, the user agent MUST also clear the reporting cache. Note that this includes both the pending reports themselves, as well as the endpoints to which they would be sent. Both MUST be cleared.
8.6. Disabling Reporting
Reporting is, to some extent, a question of commons. In the aggregate, it seems useful for everyone for reports to be delivered. There is direct benefit to developers, as they can fix bugs, which means there’s indirect benefit to users, as the sites they enjoy will be more stable and enjoyable. As a concrete example, Content Security Policy grants something like herd immunity to cross-site scripting attacks by alerting developers about potential holes in their sites' defenses. Fixing those bugs helps every user, even those whose user agents don’t support Content Security Policy.
The calculus, of course, depends on the nature of data that’s being delivered, and the relative maliciousness of the reporting endpoints, but that’s the value proposition in broad strokes.
That said, it can’t be the case that this general benefit be allowed to take priority over the ability of a user to individually opt-out of such a system. Sending reports costs bandwidth, and potentially could reveal some small amount of additional information above and beyond what a website can obtain in-band ([NETWORK-ERROR-LOGGING], for instance). User agents MUST allow users to disable reporting with some reasonable amount of granularity in order to maintain the priority of constituencies espoused in [HTML-DESIGN-PRINCIPLES].
9. IANA Considerations
The permanent message header field registry should be updated with the following registration: [RFC3864]
9.1. Report-To
-
Header field name
-
Report-To
-
Applicable protocol
-
http
-
Status
-
standard
-
Author/Change controller
-
W3C
-
Specification document
-
This specification (see §3.1 The Report-To HTTP Response Header Field)


{% load static %}
Series: {{ audio.series }}
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Gateway
BOT
03-Aug-18 11:19 AM
[dscrdeql] <c2k> good oint @ghost . also, Ben Ohanlon does a weekly 5point email for KMD. maybe something similar to keep people up to date on developments, etc
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> @ghost very well said @benohanlon does regular updates and we will be looking to do the same I will be having a regular AMA Tuesday in voice chat from next week you can ask anything so should be fun
also your English was really good what your mother tongue btw ?
[dscrdeql] <ghost> My native language is russian.
I read the forum and the discord in English.
study, study, study
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> Добро пожаловать, мой друг
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder>
[dscrdeql] <ghost> Спасибо!
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> that is another thing
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> we really would love to get more of the international community going
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> i will be looking for language ambassadors as well
[dscrdeql] <ghost> Many Russians are not rich.
And the distribution of coins helps them live.
But there are a lot of bounty hunters who immediately sell coins.
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> that is very true
[dscrdeql] <ghost> My work and the ideas that I put forward - very well know Sri (OOT)
We are familiar
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> oh you work with oot?
[dscrdeql] <ghost> two months minimum
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> oh very nice
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> we are going to start focusing on growth now
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> and price
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> esp with more exchanges coming soon
[dscrdeql] <NWhiskeyTango> :coffee tink
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> in terms of tech we are pretty good
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> there is always work to be done
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> but that is part of continuous improvement
[dscrdeql] <ghost> video broadcast of the beginning of construction :)
photos of equipment and plot for construction
and price up
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> yes we cannot wait to getto that stage
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> however we need the price to start going up
[dscrdeql] <ghost> Why do you need a stock exchange? If there is not a single house.
Build the first and the exchange itself will come to you
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> building cost money
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> higher price also allows for us to more easily acquire partnerships
[dscrdeql] <ghost> Even the foundation of the first house will affect the price.
Demand - Offer.
Give a picture to people
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> haha
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> we will
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> we need to go back to Peurto rico
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> and acquiresome land
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> then the really fun part starts
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> haha im soo excited
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> once we have established there
[dscrdeql] <MagicByt3> I buy 1 million eql on exrates how many home can I buy?
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> then we will move to other locations
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> MagicByt3 - 2018-08-03 12:40 +01:00
I buy 1 million eql on exrates how many home can I buy?
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> prices are yet to be determined
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> and each build will be priced accordingly
[dscrdeql] <MagicByt3> oh is on demand build?
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> however if you buy now the coins are really cheap
[dscrdeql] <MagicByt3> I did
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> haha
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> also go to #tipsy-begin
[dscrdeql] <MagicByt3> can't sell at price now
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> your issing out on free coins
[dscrdeql] <MagicByt3> too low so just buy
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> no hold until you buy a house and stock up whilst is is super low
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> the price went up 450% yesterday
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> and will recover
[dscrdeql] <MagicByt3> hodl for home
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> oh dman
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> someone make a meme for that please
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder>
(edited)
[dscrdeql] <ghost> And the association of your project with NASA 3D printing on Mars.
this can also be worked
[dscrdeql] <MagicByt3> nasa??
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> when moon
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder>
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> WHEN MARS DONT YOU MEAN
[dscrdeql] <MagicByt3> we can't go moon.. we can't leave low earth orbit
[dscrdeql] <MagicByt3> or we jam
NASA brings you images, videos and features from the unique perspective of America's space agency. Get updates on missions, watch NASA TV, read blogs, view the latest discoveries, and more.
NASA Centennial Challenges wants YOUR help building a 3-D printed habitat on Mars. NASA and its partners are holding a $2.5 million competition to build a 3D...
[dscrdeql] <MagicByt3> nasa say anythingfor money
(edited)
[dscrdeql] < Thorth > @MagicByt3 did u type begin ?
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> :NASA: :EQLI:
(edited)
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> magic type ?begin
[dscrdeql] <ghost> A simple idea.
The fact that NASA builds on Mars - we build on Earth.
[dscrdeql] <donaldmathers> Hey guys
[dscrdeql] <MagicByt3> Nasa = never a stright answer
[dscrdeql] <MagicByt3> Nasa = No Actual Space Adventures
[dscrdeql] <donaldmathers> Can’t wait til my work day is over
[dscrdeql] <AndronicusBass-Founder> You're not a flat earther I hope?
[dscrdeql] <MagicByt3> your not a round eather are you?
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> NASA - FLAT EARTH FOREVER mind the edge
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> nah im a oval earther
[dscrdeql] < Thorth > omg.... i saw that many people still belive that earth is flat....
[dscrdeql] <MagicByt3> did man land on the moon..
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> Thorth - 2018-08-03 12:49 +01:00
omg.... i saw that many people still belive that earth is flat.... 😐
[dscrdeql] <KQweci> That's what we are made to believe
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> americans
[dscrdeql] <Jellysmash> isn't the earth flat?
[dscrdeql] <AndronicusBass-Founder> Some say flat earthers are an elaborate debating movement
[dscrdeql] <MagicByt3> Some say.
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> i was at a talk at cern
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> right
[dscrdeql] <Steve10> Good morning everyone!
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> and im talking about planes of existence
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> and this guy stands up
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> and go
[dscrdeql] <Jellysmash> morning there @Steve10
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> yes the earth is flat there is your proof you said planes
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> im like
[dscrdeql] <Cypher - Founder> O.o
[dscrdeql] <Jellysmash> How's it going?
[dscrdeql] <ganjie> good evening


IOPL
Section: Linux Programmer's Manual (2)
Updated: 2013-03-15
Index
Return to Main Contents
NAME
iopl - change I/O privilege level
SYNOPSIS
#include <sys/io.h>
int iopl(int level);
DESCRIPTION
iopl()
changes the I/O privilege level of the calling process,
as specified by the two least significant bits in
level.
This call is necessary to allow 8514-compatible X servers to run under
Linux.
Since these X servers require access to all 65536 I/O ports, the
ioperm(2)
call is not sufficient.
In addition to granting unrestricted I/O port access, running at a higher
I/O privilege level also allows the process to disable interrupts.
This will probably crash the system, and is not recommended.
Permissions are inherited by
fork(2)
and
execve(2).
The I/O privilege level for a normal process is 0.
This call is mostly for the i386 architecture.
On many other architectures it does not exist or will always
return an error.
RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned.
On error, -1 is returned, and
errno
is set appropriately.
ERRORS
- EINVAL
-
level
is greater than 3.
- ENOSYS
-
This call is unimplemented.
- EPERM
-
The calling process has insufficient privilege to call
iopl();
the
CAP_SYS_RAWIO
capability is required to raise the I/O privilege level
above its current value.
CONFORMING TO
iopl()
is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs that are
intended to be portable.
NOTES
Libc5 treats it as a system call and has a prototype in
<unistd.h>.
Glibc1 does not have a prototype.
Glibc2 has a prototype both in
<sys/io.h>
and in
<sys/perm.h>.
Avoid the latter, it is available on i386 only.
SEE ALSO
ioperm(2),
outb(2),
capabilities(7)
Index
- NAME
-
- SYNOPSIS
-
- DESCRIPTION
-
- RETURN VALUE
-
- ERRORS
-
- CONFORMING TO
-
- NOTES
-
- SEE ALSO
-
This document was created by
man2html,
using the manual pages.
Time: 02:54:48 GMT, September 18, 2014


|
Name
-EZFlow Example
Description
-This is an example of an IVR system that uses a voice menu to guide callers
through a selection of company, product and support information. The key
processes in this system are answering the phone, playing a greeting, prompting
the caller to select an option, collecting digits, processing the selection
(by playing the appropriate message) and then terminating the call.
Steps
-Answer the call.
-Play an initial greeting.
-Present a menu of options.
-Depending on the option chosen, branch and play one of two greetings, or
hang up.
-If one of the greetings are played, return to the menu
Implementation
-The LineGroup control "PhoneAns" detects the incoming call, and
takes the line OffHook.
-The PlayGreeting "IntroGreeting" plays an initial greeting.
-The GetDigits "GetCustInfo" presents the options ("1 for
product info, 2 for support, # to leave"). Based on the input, the call
then branches.
-PlayGreeting "ProductInfo" is reached if the caller selected
"1" in the GetDigits.
-PlayGreeting "SupportInfo" is reached if the caller selected
"2" in the GetDigits.
-When either PlayGreeting is finished, the call returns to
"GetCustInfo".
-"OnHook1" is reached if the caller selected "#".
Notes
A full, detailed tutorial on how to build this application can be found in
the ‘Getting Started’ document in the 'docs'
directory.
This example
was created in C# (Visual Studio 2003)
|


Permissions Requested
Dear user,
Welcome to Unnati. Kindly give us access to the following to help us improve your experience of the App. Thank You.
Dear user,
Welcome to Unnati. Kindly give us access to the following to help us improve your experience of the App. Thank You.


These macros provide some useful functions for converting data formats or creating/modifying ERP waveform plots. Excel macros are provided via ftp as *.bas and *.frm files. To use these files, start excel and goto 'tools - macro - visual basic editor (alt-F11)'.
When in the visual basic editor, goto 'file - import file' and select any of the *.bas or *.frm files. These files are loaded as a module or a form, respectively. Each module contains one or more 'sub' procedures, which can be selected from the drop-down menus over the main editor window. To run a sub procedure (or macro), use the run or debug menus. Most of the procedure names are long enough to give some idea of what they are designed to do. Please don't delete any procedures, as there are some dependencies between procedures within each module. An example of one of the form macros is described in Excel Macro - Top70 ERP Plot.
If it goes wrong, check through the sub procedure to verify that paths and filename variables etc. are suitable for your data. Some of these macros are associated with interactive forms to facilitate their use, but the forms are new to me and only provided here as "beta-versions". The macros here have been developed from the ground up, on one system/platform only. Despite all efforts to "program" the computer properly, there will be something I've overlooked. Should you feel so inclined, send an email describing the problem, to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>I would encourage anyone to get into macro programming excel - it can save a lot of time and get better results than point-&-click, "RSI" methods. To better understand any aspect of the macros, when in the visual basic editor, place a cursor over any statement and hit the F1 key for context-sensitive help. If the statement is a VB keyword and the help system files are installed, you should get useful information. Take some time to learn the object heirarchy of excel and you might be amazed by the simplicity of programming excel ;-) Most of the macros here were developed using this on-line help and recording small snippets of excel activities. This is a fast-n-furious way to become a VB programmer from the ground up - anyone with some understanding of OOP or a small book on Visual Basic should get the hang of it. The visual basic editor should be available for most installations of excel (I have been working with MS Office97 and OfficeXP professional).
These macros are provided with no implied or express warranties. Please use them and distribute them as you will, entirely at your own risk (please abide by the GPL if you redistribute these utilties, see http:/www.gnu.org). Most of these macros been developed and tested on limited dataset specifications, please be careful to verify operations on your data. Some of the macros are under development. If you have any advice or abuse, please send email to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>;-)


Im just a kid living in a world thats full of wonders and exciment,as well as misery and sorrow.One life,one love,one breath,one people,one chance to make a difference.
Tonny K. Brown
if we are not one in LIFE we will surely will be one on DEATH.
Fitting the basics of who I am on one page would make it long and boring
(plus its part of the assigment)
Down below are a some links to things about me.


We are a small community representing Bengalis in Finland. We organize several cultural events throughout the year (See below). You are welcome to join us!
Upcoming Events 2018
| Event | Dates |
|---|---|
| Bijoya Sammilani | November, 2018 |
| Durga Puja | 19.10 - 21.10.2018 |
| Mahalaya special | 07.10.2018 |
| Rabindra Jayanti | 12.05.2018 |
| Poila Boishakh | 14.04.2018 |


GREYDUCK GIRLS
Stuyvesant's very own track team.
GREYDUCK GIRLS
Home
(current)
{% if username == "" %}
News
Calendar
Athletes
Resources
Login
{% endif %} {% if admin == False and username != "" %}
News
Announcements
Calendar
Athletes
Resources
Account
Profile
Logout
{% endif %} {% if admin == True and username != "" %}
Announcements
Calendar
Athletes
Resources
Actions
Account
Profile
Logout
{% endif %}
{% block indexextra %} {% endblock %}
{% block bodytitle %}{% endblock %}
{% block body %}{% endblock %}


Animated chat for animated people
meatspace is a place for people to come together and talk about almost anything. Using the power of two second webcam recordings, it can bring about a much deeper sense of connection than most other Internet communication mediums. Say hi, stay a while!
All of the code for this site is available on GitHub. Contributions are welcome!
Follow @meatspac to stay up to date with the latest meatspace events and news!
Special thanks to @ednapiranha, the author of the original software and concept on which this whole thing is based. Without her, none of this would exist.