Description of the Mercator Projection
The Mercator projection is a cylindrical, conformal projection. The equator lies on the line Y = 0. This projection is not defined at the poles. Meridians and parallels provide the framework for the Mercator projection. Meridians are projected as parallel straight lines that satisfy the equation X = a constant. Evenly spaced meridians on the ellipsoid project to evenly spaced straight lines on the projection. Parallels are projected as parallel straight lines perpendicular to meridians and satisfy the equation Y = a constant. Evenly spaced parallels on the ellipsoid project to unevenly spaced parallels on the projection. The spacing between projected parallels increases with distance from the equator. See the figure below.
A Mercator projection can be specified either in terms of a standard parallel, where the cylindrical projection surface intersects the ellipsoid and the point scale factor is 1.0, or in terms of a point scale factor at the equator.
Meridians and Parallels in the Mercator Projection
In the Mercator projection, as the latitude approaches the poles, the Y coordinate approaches infinity. Area and length distortion increases with distance from the equator. For example, the point scale factor is approximately 2 at 60° latitude and 5.7 at 80° latitude.
Description of the Transverse Mercator Projection
The Transverse Mercator projection is a transverse cylindrical, conformal projection. The line Y = 0 is the projection of the equator, and the line X = 0 is the projection of the central meridian, as shown in the figure below.
Both the central meridian and the equator are represented as straight lines. No other meridian or parallel is projected onto a straight line. Since the point scale factor is one along the central meridian, this projection is most useful near the central meridian. Scale distortion increases away from this meridian.
Meridians and
Parallels in the Transverse Mercator
Projection
(0 is the central meridian)
The Transverse Mercator equations for X and Y, and for latitude and longitude, are approximations. Within 4° of the central meridian, the equations for X, Y, latitude, and longitude have an error of less than 1 centimeter.
Description of the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Coordinates
UTM coordinates are based on a family of projections based on the Transverse Mercator projection, in which the ellipsoid is divided into 60 longitudinal zones of 6° each. The X value, called the Easting, has a value of 500,000m at the central meridian of each zone. The Y value, called the Northing, has a value of 0m at the equator for the northern hemisphere, increasing toward the north pole, and a value of 10,000,000m at the equator for the southern hemisphere, decreasing toward the south pole. The point scale factor along the central meridian is 0.9996.
For the UTM grid system, the ellipsoid is divided into 60 longitudinal zones of 6° each. Zone number one lies between 180° E and 186° E. The zone numbers increase consecutively in the eastward direction.
Meridians and Parallels (dashed) on a UTM Grid
The area of coverage for UTM coordinates is defined by zone limits, latitude limits, and overlap.
Zone limits:
6° zones, extending 3° to each side of the central meridian.
Zone overlap:
40 km on either side of the zone limits.
Latitude limits:
North: 84° N
South: 80°N
Polar overlap:
30' toward the poles
North: 84° 30'N
South: 80° 30'S
Description of the Polar Stereographic Projection
The Polar Stereographic
projection is an
azimuthal
projection. It is the limiting case
of the Lambert Conformal Conic projection when the standard parallels approach
one of the poles. In this conformal projection meridians are straight lines,
and parallels are concentric circles. The
A Polar Stereographic projection can be specified either in terms of a standard parallel, where the planar projection surface intersects the ellipsoid and the point scale factor is 1.0, or in terms of a point scale factor at the pole.
Meridians and Parallels in the Polar Stereographic Projection
Description of the Universal Polar Stereographic (UPS) Coordinates
Universal Polar Stereographic (UPS) is the standard military grid used in polar regions. UPS is a family of two projections based on the Polar Stereographic projection, one for each of the poles. Both the X value, called the Easting, and the Y value, called the Northing, have values of 2,000,000m at the poles. The point scale factor at each pole is 0.9994.
Meridians and
Parallels on a UPS
Grid
(North zone)
Zone limits:
North zone: 84°N to 90°N
South zone: 80°S to 90°S
UTM overlap: 30' overlap
North: 83° 30'N
South: 79° 30'S
Description of Albers Equal Area Conic Projection
The Albers Equal Area Conic projection is a conical, equal area projection. As shown in the figure below, the meridians are equally spaced, straight, converging lines. The angles between the meridians are less than the true angles. Meridians intersect the parallels at right angles. Parallels are unequally spaced arcs of concentric circles. The parallels are closer together at the northernmost and southernmost regions of the map. They are further apart in the latitudes between the standard parallels. The poles are normally circular arcs that enclose the same angle as that enclosed by the other parallels for a given range of longitude. The Albers Equal Area Conic projection is symmetrical about any meridian.
Albers Equal Area
Conic
Projection
(Origin Latitude = 45°N, Standard Parallels = 40°N & 50°N)
Scale is true along the two standard parallels. It is also true even when there is only one standard parallel. Standard parallels should be chosen to minimize scale variations. Scale is true along any given parallel. The scale factor along the meridians is the reciprocal of the scale factor along the parallels, to retain equal area.
The Albers Equal Area Conic projection is free of scale and shape distortion along either the one or two standard parallels. Along any given parallel, distortion is constant.
The standard parallels can not both be 0° or the opposite sign of each other, as this would cause the cone to become a cylinder.
Description of Azimuthal Equidistant Projection
The Azimuthal Equidistant projection is an azimuthal, equidistant, non-perspective projection. As shown in the figure below, the meridians are straight lines on the polar aspect and complex curves on the equatorial and oblique aspects. The central meridian on the equatorial and oblique aspects is a straight line. Parallels on the polar aspect are circles, equally spaced, centered at the pole, which is a point. Parallels on the equatorial and oblique aspects are complex curves equally spaced along the central meridian. The equator is a straight line on the equatorial aspect. The projection is symmetrical about any meridian for the polar aspect, the equator or central meridian for the equatorial aspect, and the central meridian for the oblique aspect.
Azimuthal Equidistant Projection
Scale is true along any straight line radiating from the center of the projection. A point opposite the center is projected as a circle twice the radius of the mapped equator. Scale along this circle is infinite.
The projection is free of distortion at the center. Distortion is severe for a world map.
Description of Bonne Projection
The Bonne projection is a pseudoconical, equal area projection. As shown in the figure below, the central meridian is a straight line, while other meridians are complex curves which connect equally spaced points along each parallel of latitude and concave toward the central meridian. Parallels are concentric circular arcs spaced at true distances along the central meridian. The curvature of the standard parallel is equal to that of its curvature on a cone tangent at that latitude. The poles are points.
Bonne
Projection
(Origin Latitude = 45°N)
Scale is true along the central meridian and each parallel.
There is no distortion along the central meridian and the standard parallel. As distance from the central meridian and the standard parallel increases, shape distortion increases and meridians do not intersect parallels at right angles.
Sinusoidal is a limiting form of the Bonne projection with the standard parallel at the equator. The equations must be rewritten, since the parallels of latitude are straight.
Description of British National Grid Coordinates
The British National Grid Reference System is an alphanumeric system, based on the Transverse Mercator map projection, for identifying positions. A British National Grid coordinate consists of an alphabetic 500,000 unit grid square identifier, an alphabetic 100,000 unit grid square identifier, and grid coordinates expressed to a given precision.
British National Grid
British National Grid parameters
are fixed at an Origin Latitude of 49°N,
British National Grid uses only the Airy ellipsoid.
The coordinate SV<PHONE_NUMBER> is located at an Easting of 0m and a Northing of 0m in Transverse Mercator coordinates, which is the bottom, left most coordinate in the figure above.
Description of Cassini Projection
The Cassini projection is a cylindrical, equidistant projection. As shown in the figure below, the central meridian, each meridian 90° from the central meridian, and the equator are straight lines. Other meridians and parallels are complex curves, which are concave toward the central meridian and the nearest pole. The poles are points along the central meridian. Cassini is symmetrical about any straight meridian or the equator.
Cassini Projection
Scale is true along the central meridian and lines perpendicular to the central meridian. Scale increases with distance from the central meridian, along a direction parallel to the central meridian.
There is no distortion along the central meridian. If the longitude is greater than 4° from the central meridian, distortion will result. Horizontal straight lines, near the upper and lower limits, represent microscopic circles on the globe 90° from the central meridian.
Description of Cylindrical Equal Area Projection
The Cylindrical Equal Area projection is a cylindrical, equal area projection. It is an orthographic projection of a sphere onto a cylinder. As shown in the figure below, the meridians are equally spaced, straight, parallel lines almost 1/3 the length of the equator. The parallels are unequally spaced, straight parallel lines perpendicular to the meridians. The parallels are spaced in proportion to the sine of the latitude from the equator. The poles are straight lines as long as the equator. The Cylindrical Equal Area projection is symmetrical about the equator or any meridian.
Cylindrical Equal Area Projection
Scale is true along the equator. In the direction of the parallels, scale increases with distance from the equator and decreases in the direction of the meridians. Parallels of opposite sign have the same scale.
The Cylindrical Equal Area projection does not have area distortion anywhere. There is severe shape distortion at the poles.
Description of Eckert IV Projection
The Eckert IV projection is a pseudocylindrical, equal area projection. As shown in the figure below, the central meridian is a straight line half as long as the equator. The 180° east and west meridians are semicircles. All other meridians are equally spaced elliptical arcs. The parallels are unequally spaced, straight, parallel lines that are farthest apart at the equator. The parallels are perpendicular to the central meridian. The poles are straight lines half as long as the equator. Eckert IV is symmetrical about the central meridian or the equator.
Eckert IV Projection
Scale is true along latitudes 40°30´ N. and S. For any given latitude and the latitude of opposite sign, scale is constant.
Eckert IV is free of distortion only at latitudes 40°30´ N. and S. at the central meridian. The Eckert IV projection is used only in the spherical form.
Description of Eckert VI Projection
The Eckert VI projection is a pseudocylindrical, equal area projection. As shown in the figure below, the central meridian is a straight line half as long as the equator. The other meridians are equally spaced sinusoidal curves. The parallels are unequally spaced, straight, parallel lines that are farthest apart at the equator. The parallels are perpendicular to the central meridian. The poles are straight lines half as long as the equator. Eckert VI is symmetrical about the central meridian or the equator.
Eckert VI Projection
Scale is true along latitudes 49°16´ N. and S. For any given latitude and the latitude of opposite sign, scale is constant.
Eckert VI is free of distortion only at latitudes 49°16´ N. and S. at the central meridian. The Eckert VI projection is used only in the spherical form.
Description of Equidistant Cylindrical Projection
The Equidistant Cylindrical projection is a cylindrical equidistant projection. As shown in the figure below, the meridians are equally spaced, straight, parallel lines more than half as long as the equator. The parallels are equally spaced, straight, parallel lines perpendicular to the meridians. Meridian spacing is four-fifths of the parallel spacing. The poles are straight lines as long as the equator. The Equidistant Cylindrical projection is symmetrical about any meridian or the equator.
Equidistant Cylindrical Projection
Scale is true along two standard parallels equidistant from the equator and along all meridians. Scale is small along the equator but increases along the parallels with distance from the equator. For any given parallel, scale is constant and equal to the scale at the parallel of opposite sign.
Infinitesimally small circles on the globe are circles on the map at the chosen standard parallels of 30° N. and S. Area and local shape are distorted everywhere else. The Equidistant Cylindrical projection is used only in the spherical form.
Description of Gnomonic Projection
The Gnomonic projection is an azimuthal, perspective projection. It is neither conformal nor equal area. As shown in the figure below, he equator and all meridians are straight lines. For the polar aspect, meridians are equally spaced and intersect at the pole. Meridians are unequally spaced for the oblique and equatorial aspects. Except for the equator and the poles, all parallels are circles, parabolas or hyperbolas. The pole is a point on the polar aspect. On the equatorial aspect, poles cannot be shown.
Gnomonic Projection
Scale is true only where the central line crosses the central meridian. It rapidly increases with distance from the center of the projection.
The projection is free of distortion only at the center. It rapidly increases with distance from the center of the projection.
The Gnomonic projection is used only in the spherical form.
Description of Lambert Conformal Conic Projection
The Lambert Conformal Conic projection is a conformal projection in which the projected parallels are unequally spaced arcs of concentric circles centered at the pole, as shown in the figure below. Spacing of parallels increases away from the origin latitude. The projected meridians are equally spaced radii of concentric circles that meet at the pole.
A Lambert Conformal Conic projection can be specified using either one or two standard parallels. In the case where there is one standard parallel, the point scale factor along that parallel is also specified. In the case where there are two standard parallels, the point scale factor is one along both of those standard parallels, and is less than one in the area between them. The point scale factor increases as a point moves outward from the standard parallel(s). The two standard parallels are generally placed at one-sixth and five-sixths of the range of latitudes to be included. When the two standard parallels are both set to the same latitude value, the result is a Lambert Conformal Conic projection with one standard parallel at the specified latitude.
If there are two standard parallels that are symmetrical about the equator, the Mercator projection results. If there is only one standard parallel and it is at a pole, the Polar Stereographic projection results.
The standard parallels cannot both be 0° or the opposite sign of each other, as this would cause the cone to become a cylinder.
The pole closest to a standard parallel is a point while the other pole is at infinity. Lambert is symmetrical about any meridian.
Lambert Conformal Conic Projection
The scale is constant along any given parallel and is the same in all directions at a given point.
Lambert is free of distortion only along the standard parallel(s). Distortion is constant along any given parallel and conformal everywhere but at the poles.
Description of Miller Cylindrical Projection
The Miller Cylindrical projection is a cylindrical projection that is neither conformal nor equal area. As shown in the figure below, the meridians are equally spaced, straight, parallel lines 73% as long as the equator. The parallels are unequally spaced, straight lines perpendicular to the meridians. Parallel spacing increases with distance from the equator. The poles are straight lines the same length as the equator. The Miller Cylindrical projection is symmetrical about any meridian or the equator.
Miller Cylindrical Projection
In all directions along the equator, scale is true. At any other given latitude, scale is constant in any given direction. Latitudes of opposite sign have the same scale. Scale changes with latitude and direction.
The projection is free of distortion at the equator. Shape, area and scale distortion increase slightly away from the equator. At the poles, distortion becomes severe.
The Miller Cylindrical projection is used only in the spherical form.
Description of Mollweide Projection
The Mollweide projection is a pseudocylindrical, equal area projection. As shown in the figure below, the central meridian is a straight line half as long as the equator. The 90° east and west meridians are circular arcs. All other meridians are equally spaced, elliptical arcs. The parallels are unequally spaced, straight, parallel lines perpendicular to the central meridian. The parallels are farthest apart near the equator. The poles are points. The Mollweide projection is symmetrical about the central meridian or the equator.
Mollweide Projection
Scale is true along latitudes 40°44´ N. and S. Scale is the same for latitudes of the opposite sign and is constant along any given latitude.
Distortion is severe near the outer meridians at high latitudes. The projection is free of distortion only at latitudes 40°44´ N. and S. on the central meridian.
The Mollweide projection is used only in the spherical form.
Description
of
The New Zealand Map Grid projection is conformal, but otherwise is unlike any other mapping projection. The projection gives a small range of scale variation over New Zealand, which lies between 166° and 180° East longitude and 34° and 48° South latitude. Meridians and parallels are lines. The central meridian, which is not straight, is oriented so that its tangent at the origin is the north-south axis of coordinates.
New Zealand Map Grid Projection
New Zealand Map Grid parameters are fixed at an Origin Latitude of 41°S, Central Meridian of 173°E, False Easting of 2,510,000 meters and a False Northing of 6,023,150 meters.
It uses only the International ellipsoid and the Geodetic Datum 1949 datum.
Easting values are always less than 5,000,000 meters and Northing values are always greater than 5,000,000 meters. Easting values for the land area of New Zealand range from 2,000,000 to 3,000,000 meters and Northing values range from 5,300,000 to 6,800,000 meters.
Description of Ney's (Modified Lambert Conformal Conic) Projection
The Ney's (Modified Lambert Conformal Conic) projection is a conformal projection in which the projected parallels are expanded slightly to form complete concentric circles centered at the pole. The projected meridians are radii of concentric circles that meet at the pole. Ney's is a limiting form of the Lambert Conformal Conic. There are two parallels, called standard parallels, along which the point scale factor is one. The first standard parallel is at either ±71 or ±74 degrees. The second standard parallel is at ±89 59 58.0 degrees, in the same hemisphere as the first standard parallel.
Ney's (Modified
Lambert Conformal Conic)
Projection
(Origin Latitude = 80°N, Standard Parallels = 71°N & 89 59 58.0°N)
Ney's (Modified Lambert Conformal Conic) is used near the poles. Scale distortion is small 25° to 30° from the pole. Distortion rapidly increases beyond this.
Description of Oblique Mercator Projection
The Oblique Mercator projection is an oblique, cylindrical, conformal projection. As shown in the figure below, there are two meridians which are straight lines 180° apart. Other meridians and parallels are complex curves. The poles are points that do not lie on the central line. The projection is symmetrical about any straight meridian.
Oblique Mercator Projection
On the spherical aspect, scale is true along the central line, a great circle at an oblique angle, or along two straight lines parallel to the central line. Scale is constant along any straight line parallel to the central line. It becomes infinite 90° from the central line. Scale on the ellipsoidal aspect is similar, but varies slightly.
Distortion is the same as that of the Mercator projection, at a given distance.
Mercator is a limiting form of Oblique Mercator with the equator as the central line. The Transverse Mercator projection is a limiting form of Oblique Mercator with a meridian as the central line.
Description of Orthographic Projection
The Orthographic projection is an azimuthal, perspective projection that is neither conformal nor equal area. Only one hemisphere can be shown at a time, as shown in the figure below.
The central meridian in the equatorial aspect is a straight line. The 90° meridians form a circle representing the limit of the equatorial aspect. Other meridians are unequally spaced, ellipses of eccentricities ranging from 0 (the bounding circle) to 1.0 (the central meridian). Meridian spacing decreases away from the central meridian. Parallels are unequally spaced, straight, parallel lines perpendicular to the central meridian. Parallel spacing decreases away from the equator. Parallels intersect the outer meridian at equal intervals. The projection is symmetrical about the central meridian or equator.
Orthographic Projection (Equatorial Aspect)
For the polar aspect, meridians are equally spaced straight lines radiating from the pole at their true angles. Parallels are unequally spaced circles centered at the pole. The pole is a point. Parallel spacing decreases away from the pole. The projection is symmetrical about any meridian.
Orthographic Projection (North Polar Aspect)
The central meridian in the oblique aspect is also a straight line. Other meridians are ellipses of varying eccentricities. Meridian spacing decreases away from the central meridian. Parallels are complete or partial ellipses with the same eccentricity, whose minor axes lie along the central meridian. Parallel spacing decreases from the center of the projection.
Orthographic Projection (Oblique Aspect)
Scale is true at the center of the projection and along all circles drawn about the center. The scale is true only in the direction of the circumference and it decreases radially with distance from the center.
The center of the projection is free of distortion. Distortion quickly increases with distance from the center. At the outer regions, distortion is severe.
The Orthographic projection is used only in the spherical form.
Description of Polyconic Projection
The Polyconic projection is neither conformal nor equal area. As shown in the figure below, the central meridian is a straight line, while all other meridians are complex curves equally spaced along the equator and each parallel. The equator is a straight line, while all other parallels are nonconcentric, circular arcs spaced at true intervals along the central meridian. Each parallel has a curvature developed from a cone tangent at that latitude. The poles are points. The Polyconic projection is symmetrical about the central meridian and the equator.
Polyconic Projection
Scale is true along the central meridian and each parallel. No parallel is standard in that it has correct angles, except at the central meridian, because the meridians are lengthened by different amounts to cross each parallel at the correct position along the parallel.
The Polyconic projection is free of distortion only along the central meridian. If the range extends east or west a great distance, a large amount of distortion will result.
Description of Sinusoidal Projection
The Sinusoidal projection is a pseudocylindrical, equal area projection. The central meridian is a straight line half as long as the equator. All other meridians are equally spaced sinusoidal curves that intersect at the poles. The parallels are equally spaced, straight, parallel lines perpendicular to the meridians. The poles are shown as points. The Sinusoidal projection is symmetrical about the central meridian or the equator.
Sinusoidal Projection
Scale is true along the central meridian and every parallel.
The Sinusoidal projection is free of distortion along the central meridian and equator. At high latitudes near the outer meridians, especially in the polar regions, distortion is extreme. An interrupted form of the projection involving several central meridians helps reduce distortion.
Description of Stereographic Projection
The Stereographic projection is an azimuthal, conformal, true perspective (for the sphere) projection in which meridians are straight lines on the polar aspect and arcs of circles on the oblique and equatorial aspects. For all aspects, the central meridian is a straight line. Parallels are concentric circles, except for the equator on the equatorial aspect. It is a straight line. On the oblique aspect, the parallel opposite in sign to the origin latitude is also a straight line. For the polar aspect, the opposite pole cannot be shown.
Stereographic Projection
Scale is true at the intersection of the origin latitude and central meridian. Scale is constant along any circle whose center is at the center of the projection. Scale increases away from the projection center.
The projection is free of distortion at the center.
Description of the Transverse Cylindrical Equal Area Projection
The Transverse Cylindrical Equal Area projection is a transverse aspect of the normal Cylindrical Equal Area projection. It is a perspective projection onto a cylinder tangent or secant at an oblique angle, or centered on a meridian. In the transverse aspect, the central meridian, each meridian 90° from the central meridian and the equator are straight lines. All other meridians and parallels are complex curves. The poles are straight lines.
Transverse Cylindrical Equal Area Projection
Scale is true along the central meridian, or along two approximately (for the ellipsoid) straight lines equidistant from and parallel to the central meridian.
There is not any distortion of area. There is no scale and shape distortion at the standard parallel, but there is severe scale and shape distortion 90° from the central meridian.
Description of Van der Grinten Projection
The Van Der Grinten projection is neither equal area nor conformal and it is not pseudocylindrical. It shows the entire globe enclosed in a circle. The central meridian is a straight line and the other meridians are arcs of circles equally spaced along the equator. The equator is a straight line and the other parallels are arcs of circles. Parallel spacing increases with latitude. The 75th parallels are shown to be halfway between the equator and the poles. The poles are shown as points. The Van Der Grinten projection is symmetrical along the central meridian or equator.
Van der Grinten Projection
Scale is true along the equator. It quickly increases with distance from the equator.
There is a large amount of area distortion near the poles.
The Van Der Grinten projection is used only in the spherical form.


3 Data Entry & Management
The careful entry, documentation, and management of data is essential to any data-related project. Being strategic about this process will keep the project organized, protect against data loss, and facilitate analysis and data sharing.
3.1 Using “flat” files and an open data format
Raw data should be entered as a “flat” table and saved using an open data format, such as .csv (comma separated values). “Flat” data files are tables where the first “header” row contains the variables in the dataset and there is no internal hierarchy to the data. Nested columns and rows make analysis of the raw data outside of the original file very difficult.
3.2 Organize data in a tidy format with unique records in rows, not columns
Data records should be stored in rows (long-format) instead of columns (wide format). This allows analysis within rows rather than across columns. This “tidy data” format means that each variable is saved in its own column and each observation is saved in its own row.
3.3 Describe data in a metadata file
Your raw flat data files should only include data, no comments. Rather than using complicated spreadsheets, create a metadata document, often called “README”, that includes (at a minimum) what data you are collecting, how and when the data were collected, where the data is stored, and who owns the data. This file should also include a “data dictionary” that describes each variable and associated unit in the data file (see example below). Be as specific as possible; for example, the description for fish length variables should include whether it is fork length, total length, or standard length.
3.4 Use clear and concise descriptive names for data files and variable names
File names are the easiest way to explain the contents of a data file. Capturing the place, time, and content of the data, even in an abbreviated fashion, can be extremely useful. For example, consider naming a fish catch monitoring file “muni_fishcatch_month_year.csv”, replacing “muni”, “month”, and “year” with the appropriate values. Similarly, each column in your data should contain a unique variable and be given a clear but concise name that uses letters, numbers, dashes, dots, or underscores. Lastly, always use plain ASCII text, as certain marks (e.g., accents) or characters (e.g., Chinese or Japanese) are not widely supported.
File and variable names should NOT be overly long or contain spaces or special characters (e.g. *&$%@)
- YES: filename: muni_fishcatch_month_year.csv | variables: year; first_name; last.name; TotalLength
- NO: filename: November 2007.csv | variables: Start Year; First Name; Total weight (kg); $ Value
3.5 Always use consistent formats for data values and (if necessary) put units in a separate column
When entering data, do not mix text and numeric responses, or include both text and numbers in the same response. Periods are okay to include for numeric responses but avoid commas (commas indicate a new value in a .csv file). For text values, such as a person’s name or location, take care not to change capitalization, spelling, spacing, etc. (e.g. John, john, jon) as this will generate confusion. Consider using identification codes for variables with many possible categories (e.g., local species name, gear type). Units should always be in their own column or absent entirely but explained in the metadata file. Also, do not use color coding, it cannot be interpreted by other software (data in red below are just to demonstrate improper data entries).
When reporting full dates, use standardized formats since date representations vary between the United States and the rest of the world. For example, 01-09-17 will likely be interpreted as January 9th, 2017 in the U.S. but September 1st, 2017 or September 17th, 2001 in other countries. Therefore, always record dates using the international standard of YYYY-MM-DD as prescribed by the International Organization of Standards (ISO) standard ISO 8601 (2004). It is also generally good to have separate columns for month and year.
3.6 Always store an uncorrected original version of the data file and BACK UP YOUR DATA!!!
When you make changes or corrections to the original data file you could easily make a mistake. To avoid compromising your original raw data, always store an unadjusted copy of the data file and do not make any changes or adjustments to this copy (make it “read-only” if possible). Make a duplicate file if corrections or adjustments are required and be sure to document what changes were made in the metadata file. Lastly, ALWAYS BACK UP YOUR DATA by keeping at least three copies of the file in different locations (e.g., desktop, external hard drive, the cloud).


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Errors forced
Errors forced
S. Pachnev
J. Verma
Total 56 points
Winners
Errors forced
Unforced errors
% total break points
Break points
% total hold points
Hold points
% total set points
Set points
% total match points
Match points
% total serves hit
Service winners
Faults
1st serve percentage
Double faults
2nd serve percentage
% total 1st serves
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% total 2nd serves
Wins on 2nd serve
% total returns hit
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% total 1st returns
Wins on 1st return
% total 2nd returns
Wins on 2nd return


Nicolo Zaniolo ‘very happy’ at Roma amid Manchester United links
by FSA EditorItalian star Nicolo Zaniolo wants to repay the confidence shown in him by Roma.
Nicolo Zaniolo said he is “very happy” at Roma amid links to Premier League giants Manchester United.
Zaniolo signed a long-term contract with Roma through to June 2024, but it has not stopped speculation over his future.
The 20-year-old Italy international, who joined Roma last season, has reportedly attracted interest from United.
But Zaniolo wants to repay the confidence shown in him by Serie A side Roma.
“The minimum objective this season is to improve day by day. We want to win every game. The objective is qualifying for the Champions League,” Zaniolo told Sky Sport Italia.
“I’m very happy, Roma have given me so much confidence, now I’ll repay it on the pitch. I’m proud to represent these fans, I feel very good here.
“The things Fonseca has to say, he says to your face. He’s a very direct person and he’s helping me improve.”
Zaniolo scored a brace in Italy’s 9-1 demolition of Armenia in Euro 2020 qualifying on Monday.
At club level, Zaniolo has netted five goals in all competitions for Roma this term.


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update() with text title
update() with number title
update() with title image
update() with buttons
update() only the left nav bar button (should not change or delete right button)
update() only the right nav bar button (should not change or delete left button)
update() buttons without back button
update() to no buttons
update() with overrideBackButton true
update() with overrideBackButton false
update() with blue border
custom back button with title
custom back button with image
Button With ImageAs Original
navigationBar.tapButton
testTapButton index:0
testTapButton index:1
testTapButton index:2
testTapButton index:3
testTapButton index:4
Legacy backwards compatibility tests:
setAppearance() to rainbow
setButtons() with one right button
setButtons() with a number title
setButtons() with many buttons with back button
setButtons() with many buttons without back button
setButtons() with no buttons


"""
Our experiment environment.
"""
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.animation as animation
GRAVITY = -9.81
[docs]class Environment:
def __init__(self, dimensions=None, dynamic_objects=None,
static_objects=None, robot=None):
"""An environment to run experiments in
:param dimensions: (Optional) The dimensions of env
:type dimensions: 1x3 numpy.array or None
:param dynamic_objects: (Optional) A list of objects that can move
:type dynamic_objects: list of maddux.objects.DynamicObject or None
:param static_objects: (Optional) A list of stationary objects
:type static_objects: list of maddux.objects.StaticObject or None
:param robot: (Optional) A robot to simulate
:type robot: maddux.robot.Arm or None
:rtype: None
"""
if dimensions is None:
self.dimensions = np.array(dimensions)
else:
self.dimensions = np.array([10.0, 10.0, 100.0])
self.dynamic_objects = dynamic_objects if dynamic_objects else []
self.static_objects = static_objects if static_objects else []
self.robot = robot
[docs] def run(self, duration):
"""Run for a certain duration
:param duration: duration to run environment in seconds
:type duration: integer
:rtype: None
"""
duration_ms = int(duration * 1000)
for _ in xrange(duration_ms):
map(lambda obj: obj.step(), self.dynamic_objects)
if self.collision():
break
[docs] def animate(self, duration=None, save_path=None):
"""Animates the running of the program
:param duration: (Optional) Duration of animation in seconds
:type duration: int or None
:param save_path: (Optional) Path to save mp4 in instead of displaying
:type save_path: String or None
:rtype: None
"""
fps = 15
dynamic_iter_per_frame = 10 * fps
if duration is None:
if self.robot is None:
# Sensible Default
frames = fps * 5
else:
frames = len(self.robot.qs)
else:
frames = int(fps * duration)
def update(i):
ax.clear()
for _ in xrange(dynamic_iter_per_frame):
map(lambda obj: obj.step(), self.dynamic_objects)
# Check for collisions
self.collision()
if self.robot is not None:
next_q = self.robot.qs[i]
self.robot.update_angles(next_q)
self.plot(ax=ax, show=False)
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(8, 8))
ax = Axes3D(fig)
self.plot(ax=ax, show=False)
# If we don't assign its return to something, it doesn't run.
# Seems like really weird behavior..
ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, update, frames=frames, blit=False)
if save_path is None:
plt.show()
else:
Writer = animation.writers['ffmpeg']
writer = Writer(
fps=fps, metadata=dict(
artist='Maddux'), bitrate=1800)
ani.save(save_path, writer=writer)
[docs] def hypothetical_landing_position(self):
"""Find the position that the ball would land (or hit a wall)
:returns: Position (x, y, z) of hypothetical landing position of a
thrown object based on end effector velocity.
:rtype: numpy.ndarray or None
"""
pos = self.robot.end_effector_position().copy()
# Only need linear velocity
v = self.robot.end_effector_velocity()[0:3]
for t in np.linspace(0, 15, 5000):
# Check if it hit a target
for static in self.static_objects:
if static.is_hit(pos):
return pos.copy()
# Or a wall
for i in range(len(pos)):
in_negative_space = pos[i] <= 0
past_boundary = pos[i] >= self.dimensions[i]
if in_negative_space or past_boundary:
return pos.copy()
# Otherwise step forward
v[2] += t * GRAVITY
pos += t * v
# If we never hit anything (which is completely impossible (TM))
# return None
return None
[docs] def collision(self):
"""Check if any dynamic objects collide with any static
objects or walls.
:return: Whether there was a collision
:rtype: bool
"""
for dynamic in self.dynamic_objects:
if dynamic.attached:
continue
for static in self.static_objects:
if static.is_hit(dynamic.position):
dynamic.attach()
return True
for i in range(len(dynamic.position)):
in_negative_space = dynamic.position[i] <= 0
past_boundary = (dynamic.position[i] >=
self.dimensions[i])
if in_negative_space or past_boundary:
dynamic.attach()
return True
return False
[docs] def plot(self, ax=None, show=True):
"""Plot throw trajectory and ball
:param ax: Current axis if a figure already exists
:type ax: matplotlib.axes
:param show: (Default: True) Whether to show the figure
:type show: bool
:rtype: None
"""
if ax is None:
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12, 12))
ax = Axes3D(fig)
# Set the limits to be environment ranges
ax.set_xlim([0, self.dimensions[0]])
ax.set_ylim([0, self.dimensions[1]])
if self.dynamic_objects:
zmax = max([o.positions[:, 2].max()
for o in self.dynamic_objects])
else:
zmax = 10
ax.set_zlim([0, max(10, zmax)])
# And set our labels
ax.set_xlabel('X')
ax.set_ylabel('Y')
ax.set_zlabel('Z')
for dynamic in self.dynamic_objects:
# Plot Trajectory
ax.plot(dynamic.positions[:, 0], dynamic.positions[:, 1],
dynamic.positions[:, 2], 'r--', label='Trajectory')
# Plot objects
map(lambda obj: obj.plot(ax), self.dynamic_objects)
map(lambda obj: obj.plot(ax), self.static_objects)
if self.robot:
self.robot.plot(ax)
if show:
plt.show()


My name is Lasitha Dilshan Thilakarathna and I have been programming for 4 years
Some of the languages that I am fluent in include JavaScript, Python, Typescript and Java
You can contact me at the email and phone number below


quite a lot of options outside during the day. are you sunning? farming food? walking over both grass and concrete? its so big outside. please enjoy this strange music while you do something or nothing. inside.outside.inside.outside. by Steel Tipped Dove


Last updated 28-04-2016 v3.04
The test setup is an E8500 on an Intel motherboard, 8GB ram, running Microsoft Visual Studio 2013 as compiler. Build settings are x64 release, "/O2 /Oi /Ot /Oy /GL". Tests are based on a sliding scale of number of runs vs number of elements, so a test with only 10 elements in a container may average 100000 runs, whereas a test with 100000 elements may only average 10 runs. This tends to give adequate results without overly lengthening test times. I have not included results involving 'reserve()' functions as the differences to overall insertion performance were not adequate.
Note: because plf::colony is an unordered container and subsequently we are not concerned about insert order, push_front has been used with std::list instead of push_back, in order to provide a fair performance comparison.
Overall, plf::colony dominates, with std::vector performing better for 8-bit types and std::map performing better for large structs.
Across all types, plf::colony and std::list tie in first place for performance, however std::list displays some averse performance characteristics with large numbers of large structs.
MSVC 2013's compiler optimisations are not as strong as GCC, so although it's std::vector performance is roughly equal to GCC, it outperforms the other candidates by a much more significant margin. Unlike GCC, MSVC's std::deque iteration performance is quite poor and lags behind. std::list performs well while it's data is small enough to fit entirely inside the cache (see GCC performance results for a more detailed analysis of this) but still outperforms plf::colony above this point for scalar types. For larger-than-scalar types, plf::colony outperforms it past the point of cache saturation, but suffers in terms of performance past ~65535 elements.
Although plf::colony's iteration performance is impaired in MSVC as compared to GCC, it's insertion and erasure performance are still very good. It is likely that specific compiler optimisations to code would be necessary in order for plf::colony to achieve the same or similar iteration performance under MSVC as it does in GCC. Asides from that, the main differences between GCC and MSVC performance are better std::list performance and significantly worse std::deque performance, particularly for small scalar type erasure.
Here we compare plf::colony against other contendors in the context where we require good performance while guarantee'ing pointer stability for outside elements referring to elements within the container, and where ordered insertion is unimportant. plf::colony and std::list need no modification to achieve these goals, the modifications to other containers used in this section are explained in thorough detail in the GCC benchmarks.
plf::colony dominates the other contendors quite easily.
Here the gap consistently widens between the candidates as erasure percentage increases, with deque_bool, plf::colony and std::list being very close to each other in 3rd, 4th and 5th place respectively. The two remove_if pointer_deque and indexed_vector modifications have nearly identical performances, just slightly ahead of plf::colony. Regular pointer_deque and indexed_vector erasure has predictably poor performance once the number of elements climbs above 200, 1 factor of ten above the other candidates at 1000 elements and almost 3 factors of ten above the other candidates at 100000 elements.
Here std::list is more-or-less equal to indexed_vector for under 500 elements, then just as in the previous tests, once less of the data fits in the cache entirely it's performance diminishes rapidly. indexed_vector is in 1st place, plf::colony in 2nd. As one would expect, the remove_if variants have exactly the same performance as their counterparts throughout the iterative tests.
Results are much the same here with pointer_deque and deque_bool beginning to show worsening performance.
At this point the poor iteration performance of deque_bool becomes much more apparent.
At this point we can see that deque_bool overall performs worse than any other contendor. Other than that it is a continuation of previously established trends.
Summary: The overall pattern shows that indexed_vector and plf::colony dominate performance with pointer_deque quite close behind, std::list performing typically and deque_bool performing quite poorly.
At this point we take the containers after the last test, at 75% erasure, and re-insert 25% of the original number of elements, and subsequently test iteration performance to see how reinsertion affects each container.
Results are much the same as the 50% post-erasure results.
The details for these tests are the same as the GCC tests.
Indexed_vector works far better here than in the GCC tests, and colony is 2nd-equal with indexed_vector_remove_if.
Unfortunately even with high levels of modification (4 per frame) plf::colony does not take the lead, though the gap is shortened.
As in the GCC test, where high levels of insertion/erasure are present, in this case 10% of elements per frame, plf::colony has a significant lead over all other contendors.
While the deque_bool and std::list results stay much the same as the GCC findings, there is a greater gap in this case between indexed_vector and plf::colony iteration performance with lower levels of modification due to a combination of worse optimisation of colony code by the MSVC compiler, and a somewhat faster std::vector implementation. pointer_deque suffers compared to GCC due to the less efficient std::deque implementation. 1st place for lower levels of modification belongs to indexed_vector, with plf::colony winning out once higher levels of modification per-frame are reached. plf::colony also has the advantage of reusing erased element locations, which indexed_vector does not have. indexed_vector must expand indefinitely without reusing erased element spaces. As noted in GCC results, implementing reuse on a pointer_deque or indexed_vector would have a higher performance cost due to reallocation.
plf::colony:
Advantages: Insertion, erasure and iteration are all O(1) operations, and hence their speeds are predictable, which may be important in low-latency environements. Fastest insertion speed for larger-than-scalar types, 1st placed shared with indexed_vector for scalar types. Shares 1st place erase speed with std::list. Iteration performance 2nd after indexed_vector. Either reuses erased element locations or releases memory to OS.
Disadvantages: Slower overall than indexed_vector for situations where memory expansion is not an issue, and where insertion/erasure are not extremely high volume.
indexed_vector:
Advantages: Fastest iteration performance. 1st-equal with plf::colony for insertion performance. Best overall performance for majority of scenarios.
Disadvantages: Erasure is an O(n) operation, meaning performance cannot be well-predicted, which may make it unsuitable for low-latency environments. Approach requires any outside structures referring to it's elements to use indexes instead of pointers, which complicates implementation, as the structure must also know the container it is referring to. Container does not release erased element space to the OS or reuse the memory locations, meaning over time, additional insertions will increase memory usage and erasures will not shrink it.
Contact:
plf:: library and this page Copyright (c) 2016, Matthew Bentley


Type in the text box to add new names to the list, delete all text in a box to remove it. Click and drag the
to reorder the names
Enter Names...
Add Name
{{names}},{{tempplayer}}
{{name}}


Man jailed for racially abusing staff member at Tesco superstore
by Adam HowlettA man has been jailed for 18 months after racially abusing a staff member at a Tesco supermarket.
Christopher French, 30, racially abused and threatened the staff member at the Marks Farm superstore in Braintree a number of times between May and June, having already been banned from the store at the time the offences took place.
French, of Plaiters Way, Braintree, denied racially aggravated harassment and a theft from the shop in June.
He denied the offences but was found guilty by a jury of both counts at Chelmsford Crown Court on Tuesday, November 7.
French was sentenced the next day to a total of 18 months in prison and was given a restraining order for three years.


This will only show if you're from a device which doesn't require redirection
OR
have the variable set correctly in the URL.


Talks I've Given
July 30, 2011
Shipping at the Speed of Life
An animated gif filled discussion of how GitHub release code quickly and easily dozens of times per day.
March 27th, 2011
Open Source in Education
I posted my slides from POSSCON. The goal of the talk to let students and educators know that school alone isn't going to prepare you for real world software development.
A few people came up to me after the talk and said "I don't know what school you went to, but I could program when I graduated." When I asked him if he knew how to write software when he graduated, he paused and then he smiled. I don't think Open Source or Education alone will prepare you, but I really think they help. Here are my slides.July 28, 2010
The Rise of DevOps
A fun, 10 minute talk about config management and organizational dysfunction. Filled with images from Black And WTF.
October 5, 2009
Everything I know about the Business of Open Source I learned from Indie Hip Hop
In the fall of 2009 I gave a talk that compared building businesses around things people love. It shows off a few indepdent hip hop artists and how they built a name for themselves. I gave examples of the growth of independent labels without large scale promotion and liken it to the VC saturated startup scene. The idea was to get people to think that building something they believed in and were proud of was completely atainable if you build your career around open source technologies.


This test produces three pages on paged media.
This page should have typical right and left margins. This content is completely enclosed by a blue border and has a pale blue background. A page break follows.
This content should be entirely on the right side of the page (but might instead
have margins like the first page). It is completely enclosed by a blue border and has a pale blue background. A page break follows.
This page should have a wide right margin and narrow left margin (but might
instead have margins like the first page). This content has a blue border on all sides and a pale blue background.


Balance: {{queryNum "select balance from actors inner join id_address_map m on m.address = $1 where actors.id = m.id order by nonce desc limit 1" $wallet }}
Messages:
| Dir | Peer | Nonce | Value | Block | Mpool Wait |
{{ range messages "\"from\" = $1 or \"to\" = $1" $wallet}}
{{ if eq .From.String $wallet }}
| To | {{.To.String}} |
{{else}}
From | {{.From.String}} |
{{end}}
{{.Nonce}} |
{{.Value}} |
{{end}}


Since I was very young, perhaps 7 or 8(22 now), I have been prescribed amphetamine salts in numerous forms for the treatment of ADHD. I remember clearly receiving my first 5mg dexedrine tablets after numerous behavioral problems noted by my early childhood teachers. At first I was thrown off, the pills made me feel strange and out of touch with my emotions. I communicated this to my parents, a psychiatrist, also taking amphetamine sulphate and an licensed counselor, who informed me that the side effects should wear off soon. They didn't, and for several years I regularly cheeked the pills and would dispose of them somewhere after leaving the house for school in the morning.
Then something changed. At around 11 or 12 I became very interested in altering my consciousness by any method possible, at which point I realized I was sitting on a huge prescription to speed, and had been throwing it out for years. This began a stimulant binge that lasted basically until I was 20.
At first, the amphetamines did exactly what they were supposed to. I've always been extremely impulsive and had trouble concentrating on bullshit, not a good mix for someone trying to attend school. Although it didn't really help my grades, my ability to pay attention was drastically increased, and my outgoing impulsiveness at least changed to inward obsession, which I think was easier for my parents to deal with. I started at 30mg a day orally, and gradually got my dose increased to 50mg a day. I would regularly steal and snort the pills, going on 4 - 6 day binges where I would neither eat nor sleep. In fact, the first two years of abuse I probably slept only 200 nights out of the year.
When I would run out, I would pilfer my father and sister's prescriptions, or hit up other kids at school. I kept all of this use secret from my parents, outside of demanding some sort of downer for 'not being able to sleep'. They ended up giving me trazadone, which I found incredibly addicting, another interesting post. I took it every night for 3 or 4 years. After the first two years the effects began to creep in slowly. Incredible stomach cramps, and I believe significant damage to the lining of my stomach has been done resulting in daily nausea that requires marijuana just to eat. A general feeling of 'scatteredness' at about age 17 also took over the razor edge I used to get from the speed, resulting in a flood of thoughts with no real relevance which I felt unable to sort through. I also became heavily habituated to marijuana and tobacco during this period, mainly to offset or accentuate the amphetamines.
All of this has led me to now. Two years off the amps and I can honestly say thank god and I think they almost killed me. Outside of the stomach and scattered thinking problems I also now basically have hardwired circuitry in my brain that commands me to take a stimulant in order to get anything and I do mean anything done. I feel like serious long term damage has been done to my dopaminergic systems which results in the long term 'fuzzy' feeling I've experienced even years after quitting and extensive supplementation with amino acids etc.
I've also experienced many strange hypertensive crises, and strange arrhythmias which doctors always assure me are 'not anything serious' and that 'no one your age has heart problems'. Well, it feels pretty serious to me, and I'm totally unconvinced that a daily regime of amphetamines carries no risk for long term cardiotoxicity. The last two years of my life have been me undoing the long term changes caused in my body by these chemicals. Through yoga, exercise, meditation, limiting my stimulant intake almost entirely, getting regular nights sleep and vitamins I seem almost back to normal, but I wonder how many years have been taken off my life, how much better adjusted my thinking would be and if I wouldn't feel compelled to so much drug use.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Total Count: 2
| # | Username | Email Address (Confirmed At) |
Class | Subject | Created At | Status (Last Updated At) |
Functions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | testuser |
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>|
8th | Physics | 19-03-2020 |
Active
(2 days ago) |
|
| 2 | testinguser |<EMAIL_ADDRESS>|
9th | Mathematics | 18-03-2020 |
Active
(2 days ago) |
|


{{ workout.sport.name }} {{ workout.duration | myTime: 'hh:mm' }}
{{ tag.name }}
{{ workout.description }}
{{ workout.notice }}
{{coach.description}}
{{workout.address.name}}
{{workout.address.firstline}}
{{workout.address.secondline}}
{{workout.address.postalCode}} {{workout.address.city}}


Regate
Variety
Regate ships with various components.
Just browse the
components
and find the component which you need. See examples and use
it inside your own project.
Friendly
Regate is framekwork friendly. So you can style it easily
with UI frameworks like
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or
Foundation.
Simple
Regate philosophy is simplicity. This is on both
developing the core itself, or the usage of library.
There is no difficult learning curve to use Regate.
Easy to get started
Starting with Regate is easy and quick. Just install it, and use the
components
as your need.

document.getElementById('basic-example-container').innerHTML
= Regate.RegateText.markup('basic-example')
Regate.RegateText.init({
id: 'basic-example',
name: 'Title',
})


{% load static %}
Lakshya CTF - Register
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Iraq's prime minister to step down amid protests
by Brandon ConradisIraqi Prime Minister Adel Abdul-Mahdi on Monday said he would step down as anti-government protests continue to roil the country.
Abdul-Mahdi released a statement saying he will submit his letter of resignation, The Associated Press reported. His decision comes a little over a year after he took office.
He said he would also submit a letter to the Iraqi parliament asking for the current government to resign, according to the AP.
The announcement follows another day of unrest that saw security forces kill 40 people in Baghdad and other parts of the country. The previous day, protesters had burned the Iranian consulate.
Hundreds of people have reportedly been killed amid clashes between authorities and demonstrators, who are protesting corruption within the Tehran-backed government.


--- layout: post status: publish published: true title: 'Re: WebService Attachments' author: display_name: Tomas Restrepo login: tomasr email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>url: http://winterdom.com/ author_login: tomasr author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>author_url: http://winterdom.com/ wordpress_id: 815 wordpress_url: http://winterdom.com/2004/07/rewebserviceattachments date: '2004-07-09 11:30:09 +0000' date_gmt: '2004-07-09 11:30:09 +0000' categories: - Web Services tags: [] comments: [] ---
Simon Fell comments on my earlier question regarding binary attachments and WebServices. Thanks for the candid question, Simon, I appreciated. What you say rings with the same thoughts I had on the subject myself...


| 16 Sep 1980 |
Fast food tycoon Colonel Sanders (Harlan Sanders) dies at the age of 90 of leukemia. Buried in his white suit at Cave Hill Cemetery, Louisville KY, section 33 lot 57. |
| 9 Mar 1994 |
After a year a battling, author Charles Bukowski dies of myelogenous leukemia (surprisingly, not lung cancer nor liver failure), at a hospital in San Pedro CA. |
| 17 Jan 1996 |
Former Congresswoman Barbara Jordan dies of leukemia complications, Austin TX. |
| 22 Jul 1998 |
Mercury and Apollo astronaut Alan Shepherd dies of leukemia. |
| 12 Feb 2000 |
Dallas Cowboys coach Tom Landry dies of acute myelogenous Leukemia, for which he was diagnosed in May 1999, Dallas TX. He is buried in his fedora. |
| 25 Sep 2003 |
Activist Edward Said dies of leukemia, at a hospital at 6:30 pm, New York City. Spoken to Ahdaf Souief in 1991: "Guess what?  Apparently I'm dying." |


Help for running a ruby meetup.
Running a meetup can be quite a lot of effort. We thought it would be great to make it easier for meetups to share resources which they've created, which could be used by other meetups. So far there are just a couple of resources, but we are hopeful this list will grow, especially with your support.
Please tweet, mail your friends, and generally help get the word out there!
Ideally we are looking for hack night / game resources. While we do have a list of beginner Ruby resources, ideally we are looking for things which are:


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We talked for time on discord, you approached me!
First time I said I like you!
You said "I love you" in Bengali on our 2nd Anniversary !
We met in The FERN Residency, Sarnath, Varanasi!
I love you my Queen! Happy Birthday my Queen! I hope you like the gifts.
The best is yet to come my Queen Aishwarya!


%include templates/parts/head.html
%include templates/parts/navBar.htmlMarch 13, 2017
The CS106X Final is Monday March 20th from 8:30am to 11:30am. If you require OAE accommodations, you should email Aaron by Wednesday, March 15th at 5pm with your availability and the accommodations you require. If you haven't already sent him your OAE documentation, please attach that to the email.
The exam will be in Herrin T175.
The exam is open book, open notes, closed computer.
The final covers the material presented in class from the start of class through the lecture on Friday, December 2nd. Specifically you will be responsible for:
The bulk of the final will be built on the concepts you covered in the assignments, especially the concepts on the assignments starting from Boggle.
Here are some review materials for some of the concepts on the Final Exam. This isn't an exhaustive list (for example it doesn't cover linkedlists / trees or graphs). See the book for a review of all concepts:
Exams are exciting, and a good chance to learn. Sometimes they can feel competitive. Remember though that in the long term you aren't competing against the other people in the classroom. In fact they will probably be your team mates in the post Stanford world. The only race is with yourself. We don't curve the exam. If everyone does a great job of demonstrating that they understand the material, everyone will get a better grade.
Here is a printable handout with a complete list of all CS106X library functions you may find useful on the exam and a handout on exam strategies:
There is no better way to prepare for the final than a lot of practice. Make sure to work on problems without looking on the solution. It's much easier to verify that a correct solution works then it is to write it yourself.


Yadavindra Public School, SAS NAGAR, Sector 51, Chandigarh was established on April 9, 1979 under the kind patronage of Maharaja Amarinder Singh of Patiala, the son of Maharaja Dhiraj Yadavindra Singh of Patiala, who was the founder of Yadavindra Public School Patiala. It's founder and first chairman was Raja Ram Partap Singh and founder principal Mr. H.N. Kashyap. The school aims at the all round growth of the students and strives to inculcate in them a positive and healthy, physical, emotional and intellectual attitude. Efforts are so directed as to develop in them consciousness towards social obligations, appreciation of Indian art, culture, music, theatre, dance and yoga, together with computer literacy and understanding of the importance of physical fitness, as these combine to form the hard core of a well-balanced personality. The objective of the school is to equip the students mentally, morally, physically and culturally to become worthy citizens of free India, to zealously guard and retain its noble traditions and make progress in a modern, scientific way. The school tries to develop qualities of initiative and leadership in students who are disciplined and have an educated mind and spirit, and hence are best suited to serve their country, best fitted to lead others and are best trained to fulfil their own dreams and aspirations.


Unfortunately, your country/region has banned the use or acceptance of
cryptocurrencies as a valid form of payment and we are therefore unable
to service you.
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{% extends "registration/base.html" %} {% load socialaccount %} {% block script %} {% providers_media_js %} {% endblock %} {% block title %}Sign up{% endblock %} {% block content-head-left %}
Fill out the form to the left (all fields are required), and your account will be created; you'll be sent an email with instructions on how to finish your registration.
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Just contact us and we do what you want.
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Saudi Aramco set for $1.7 trillion valuation
by Edward ThicknesseSaudi Aramco has released the official price range for its long-awaited initial public offering (IPO) in December, giving the company a preliminary value between $1.6 trillion (£1.24 trillion) to $1.7 trillion.
Although this is considerably below the company’s desire for a $2 trillion valuation, it would still make the IPO the world’s biggest.
Read more: Saudi Aramco to offer retail investors $10bn worth of shares
In a statement on Sunday Aramco said that they would sell 1.5 per cent of the company’s shares on Riyadh’s Tadawul exchange at a price of 30 (£6.20) to 32 riyals.
At the top end of the price range a sale of this size would give the oil giant a value of $25.6bn, just surpassing the $25bn raised by Chinese retailer Alibaba in its debut in New York in 2014.
The final offer price will be announced on 5 December.
The sale is expected to be hugely popular with Saudi nationals, for whom 0.5 per cent of the shares have been reserved.
Retail investors have until Nov. 28 to sign up for the IPO while institutional investors can subscribe until Dec. 4, with company management going on marketing roadshows this week.
After much delay Aramco’s IPO process began on 3 November, with the sale a central pillar of Crown Price Mohammed bin Salman’s plan to diversify the gulf state’s economy away from oil.
There had been much speculation from investors as to the value of the world’s most profitable company, with a range as wide as $1.2 to $2.3 trillion.
Aramco, which produces 10 per cent of the world’s oil, was initially expected to sell up to 5 per cent of its shares, with both a local and an international offering.
Read more: Saudi Aramco IPO gets the green light for December float
However, plans to list on an overseas exchange have now been shelved.
For the first nine months of 2019, Saudi Aramco’s income slipped from $83.3bn in 2018 to $68.2bn this year, with revenues down from $233.3bn to $217.1bn.
Main image credit: Getty


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objectFromClass(Class)
- Static method in class tools.
ToolBox
create Object from Class
objectMap2ClassNameMap(HashMap<String, Object>)
- Static method in class tools.
ToolBox
translates HashMap
to HashMap
with classNames as Values
obseravtionsByDates(Date[])
- Method in class controller.
ObservationSeries
Observation
- Class in
model
Holds Data from one Observation
Observation(HashMap<String, Object>, boolean)
- Constructor for class model.
Observation
Observation(HashMap<String, Object>)
- Constructor for class model.
Observation
Observation(Date, int)
- Constructor for class model.
Observation
Precondition: DataBase is running and Table Observations exists
Observation(HashMap<String, Object>, CelestialObject)
- Constructor for class model.
Observation
Observation(HashMap<String, Object>, CelestialObject, boolean)
- Constructor for class model.
Observation
Observation(File, CelestialObject, boolean)
- Constructor for class model.
Observation
Observation(File, CelestialObject)
- Constructor for class model.
Observation
ObservationImage
- Class in
view
ObservationImage(int, int)
- Constructor for class view.
ObservationImage
ObservationImage(int, int, BufferedImage, BufferedImage, BufferedImage, BufferedImage, BufferedImage)
- Constructor for class view.
ObservationImage
ObservationImageBuilder
- Class in
controller
Builder for one ObservationImage 1. calculates the inputs for the ObservationImage and its parts 2. build the Image-parts 3. builds the ObservationImage with parts
ObservationImageBuilderTest
- Class in
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ObservationImageBuilderTest()
- Constructor for class controller.
ObservationImageBuilderTest
ObservationImageTest
- Class in
view
ObservationImageTest()
- Constructor for class view.
ObservationImageTest
ObservationSeries
- Class in
controller
Holds Observations from one observed Object
ObservationSeries(CelestialObject, Date[])
- Constructor for class controller.
ObservationSeries
ObservationSeries(CelestialObject, Date, Date)
- Constructor for class controller.
ObservationSeries
ObservationSeriesTest
- Class in
controller
ObservationSeriesTest()
- Constructor for class controller.
ObservationSeriesTest
ObservationTest
- Class in
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ObservationTest()
- Constructor for class model.
ObservationTest
observationTextImg
- Variable in class view.
ObservationImage
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Intrinsic Motivators
Extrinsic Motivators = Kills creativity = Good for mechanical tasks tho :)
Students who are intrinsically motivated are more likely to engage in the task willingly as well as work to improve their skills, which will increase their capabilities.[]


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Ospital ng Palawan
Will open in 39 min.
Description
Drugstores have their own meaning in city's life. Ritemed Pharma Retail Pvt.ltd is one of such places. This company has an average score of 4.8 by NiceLocal visitors and is located in the city of Bangalore by the following address: #2, 2nd main 8th cross, Ganganagar — 560032.
Working Hours
Daily: 07:30 - 11:30
Phone Number
(+63) 977-6323-718
Address
220 Malvar Road, Barangay San Miguel, Puerto Princesa, 5300 Palawan


Blockchain technology enables distributed public ledgers that hold immutable data in a secure and encrypted way and ensure that transactions can never be altered. While Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies are the most popular examples of blockchain usage, this “distributed ledger technology” (DLT) is finding a broad range of uses. Data storage, financial transactions, real estate, asset management and many more uses are being explored.


Percentage of housing units within ½-mile of an outdoor public recreation area
Recreational facilities provide opportunities for physical activity and social interaction, both key components of good physical and mental health. Increased physical activity is associated with lower risks of type 2 diabetes, cancer, stroke, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and premature mortality, independent of obesity. Research suggests that people who live closer to sidewalks, parks, and gyms are more likely to exercise. In a growing region like Charlotte-Mecklenburg, protecting land set aside for outdoor recreation is important to maintaining access to recreation opportunities and the community's engagement with nature and the outdoors.
####How are we doing? Overall, 56% of housing units in Mecklenburg County had proximity to a public outdoor recreation in 2014. Mecklenburg County has approximately 19,000 acres of park land, consisting of 210 facilities and 20 recreation centers, averaging 20.2 acres of parkland per 1,000 residents. The rate of access to recreational facilities is 16 per 100,000, higher than the 11 per 100,000 statewide and the same as 16 per 100,000 nationally.
####Did you know? According to The County Health Rankings and Roadmap, 63% of people in Mecklenburg County were medically overweight or obese, 21% reported no leisure-time physical activity, and 87% are considered to have adequate access to locations for physical activity.
####Related Variables
Streets with Sidewalks
Tree Canopy
Population Density
Housing Density
Household Income
The number of housing units within ½-mile of a public outdoor recreation area divided by the total number of housing units. Distances are measured from facility entrances.
Recreation areas include those maintained by Mecklenburg County Park and Recreation, Town Parks and Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools, including parks, greenways, schools and boat landings, regardless of size or amenities. Note: This variable is calculated using only public outdoor recreation areas located inside Mecklenburg County.
Source: Mecklenburg County Parks and Recreation; Town of Davidson; Town of Cornelius; Town of Huntersville; Town of Pineville; Town of Matthews; Town of Mint Hill
| Resource | Learn More and Take Action |
|---|---|
| Park Locater | Find the park closest to any address in Mecklenburg County. |
| Park Master Plan | See the county's long-term plan for the Park and Recreation Department. |
| Park Map | View, save, or print a map of Mecklenburg County park facilities (PDF Download). |
| County Health Rankings | Compare recreation access in Mecklenburg County to other counties in the nation, along with a variety of other health indicators. |
| State of the Environment | Mecklenburg County's State of the Environment Report, including land indicators such as parks, greenways and nature preserves. |
| Community Health Assessment | A comprehensive look at key indicators of public health and how our community is working to promote health for all. |
| Community Use of Schools | Apply for community use of Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools facilities and grounds. |


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