Comprehensive examination on:
J Harte, T Zillio, E Conlisk, and AB Smith. Maximum entropy and the state-variable approach to macroecology. Ecology 89:2700-2711, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/07-1369.1.
“(A) The prior probabilities represent our prior information, and are to be determined, not by introspection, but by logical analysis of that information.
(B) Since the final conclusions depend necessarily on both the prior information and the data, it follows that, in formulating a problem, one must specify that prior information to be used just as fully as one specifies the data.
(C) Our goal is that inferences are to be completely objective in the sense that two persons with the same prior information must assign the same prior probabilities.”
- Jaynes' Logic of Science p. 373.
Entropy is {disorder, ignorance}.
Knowing \(x\)'s mean we get the exponential.
Knowing \(x\)'s mean and variance we get the normal distribution.
SAR: Species-area relationship
EAR: Endemics-area relationship
SAD: Species-abundance distribution
AER: Abundance-energy relationship
Area of the ecosystem \(A_0\).
The number of individuals \(N_0\) in \(A_0\).
The summed metabolic energy rate of all individuals \(E_0\) in \(A_0\).
Number of species \(S_0\) in \(A_0\).
Two distributions
1: \(R(n, \varepsilon)\) is the joint distribution of species abundances \(n\) and energy demand \(\varepsilon\).
2: \(P_A^{j}(n)\) is the spatial abundance distribution defined as the probability of finding \(n\) individuals of species \(n\) within some subset \(A \subseteq A_0\).
Key point: these two distributions, subjected to a few constraints, are enough to generate predictions for the SAD, SAR, AER, and EAR.
\(SAD(n) = \frac{\exp(-\lambda_{1}n)}{n\ln(\lambda_{1}^{-1})},\)
\(AER(n) = \frac{\lambda_{1}\lambda_{2}\exp(-(\lambda_{1} + \lambda_{2}\varepsilon))}{\left(1 - \exp(-(\lambda_{1} + \lambda_{2}\varepsilon))\right)^2},\)
\(SAR(A) = S_{0}\sum_{n_{0} = 1}\left(1 - \frac{1}{\sum \exp(-\lambda n)}\right)SAD(n_{0}),\)
\(EAR(A) = S_{0}\sum_{n_0= 1}^{N_0} \frac{\exp(-\lambda_pn_0)}{\sum_{n=1}^{n_0}\exp(-\lambda_pn)}SAD(n_0).\)
“[...] we re-emphasize that MaxEnt is a mathematically proven method for inferring the most likely probability distribution if our knowledge about that distribution can be described as a set of constraints on the distribution” - Harte et al. (2008).
“No Free Lunch Theorem” (Wolpert, 1997)
1. Maximizing margins
2. Bayesian form of SVMs (Murphy 2011), so it's better! Well no... Scales as \(\mathcal{O}(n^3)\) to the number of data points.
3. Arguably the most effective branch of machine learning. Axioms, what's that?
4. Getting a good model is a dark art.
Why not try to build a mathematical framework to integrate constraints based on evolutionary theory.
Wish list:
Issues:
The useless Price theorem:
\[\Delta \overline{\phi} = \overline{W}^{-1}\left(\mbox{cov}(W, \phi) + E(W\bar{\delta})\right).\]Probabilistic version here & here.
Population vs Community?
Two examples:
Difficulties


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#include "superlu_ddefs.h"
Functions/Subroutines | |
| static int_t | memory_usage (const int_t, const int_t, const int_t) |
| static void * | expand (int_t *prev_len,MemType type,int_t len_to_copy,int_t keep_prev,Glu_freeable_t *Glu_freeable) |
| void | SetupSpace (void *work, int_t lwork, LU_space_t *MemModel) |
| void | superlu_abort_and_exit_dist (char *msg) |
| void * | superlu_malloc_dist (size_t size) |
| void | superlu_free_dist (void *addr) |
| static void | copy_mem_int (int_t howmany, void *old, void *new) |
| static void | user_bcopy (char *src, char *dest, int_t bytes) |
| int_t * | intMalloc_dist (int_t n) |
| int_t * | intCalloc_dist (int_t n) |
| void * | user_malloc_dist (int_t bytes, int_t which_end) |
| void | user_free_dist (int_t bytes, int_t which_end) |
| int_t | symbfact_SubInit (fact_t fact, void *work, int_t lwork, int_t m, int_t n, int_t annz, Glu_persist_t *Glu_persist, Glu_freeable_t *Glu_freeable) |
| int_t | symbfact_SubXpand (int_t n, int_t jcol, int_t next, MemType mem_type, int_t *maxlen, Glu_freeable_t *Glu_freeable) |
| int_t | symbfact_SubFree (Glu_freeable_t *Glu_freeable) |
| int_t | QuerySpace_dist (int_t n, int_t lsub_size, Glu_freeable_t *Glu_freeable, mem_usage_t *mem_usage) |
Variables | |
| ExpHeader * | expanders |
| LU_stack_t | stack |
| int_t | no_expand |
| long int | superlu_malloc_total = 0 |
-- Distributed SuperLU routine (version 1.0) -- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Univ. of California Berkeley. September 1, 1999
| static void copy_mem_int | ( | int_t | howmany, | |
| void * | old, | |||
| void * | new | |||
| ) | [static] |
| static void * expand | ( | int_t * | prev_len, | |
| MemType | type, | |||
| int_t | len_to_copy, | |||
| int_t | keep_prev, | |||
| Glu_freeable_t * | Glu_freeable | |||
| ) | [static] |
Expand the existing storage to accommodate more fill-ins.
| static int_t memory_usage | ( | const | int_t, | |
| const | int_t, | |||
| const | int_t | |||
| ) | [static] |
| int_t QuerySpace_dist | ( | int_t | n, | |
| int_t | lsub_size, | |||
| Glu_freeable_t * | Glu_freeable, | |||
| mem_usage_t * | mem_usage | |||
| ) |
mem_usage consists of the following fields:
| void SetupSpace | ( | void * | work, | |
| int_t | lwork, | |||
| LU_space_t * | MemModel | |||
| ) |
Setup the memory model to be used for factorization. lwork = 0: use system malloc; lwork > 0: use user-supplied work[] space.
| void superlu_abort_and_exit_dist | ( | char * | msg | ) |
| void superlu_free_dist | ( | void * | addr | ) |
| void* superlu_malloc_dist | ( | size_t | size | ) |
| int_t symbfact_SubFree | ( | Glu_freeable_t * | Glu_freeable | ) |
Deallocate storage of the data structures common to symbolic factorization routines.
| int_t symbfact_SubInit | ( | fact_t | fact, | |
| void * | work, | |||
| int_t | lwork, | |||
| int_t | m, | |||
| int_t | n, | |||
| int_t | annz, | |||
| Glu_persist_t * | Glu_persist, | |||
| Glu_freeable_t * | Glu_freeable | |||
| ) |
Allocate storage for the data structures common to symbolic factorization routines. For those unpredictable size, make a guess as FILL * nnz(A). Return value: If lwork = -1, return the estimated amount of space required, plus n; otherwise, return the amount of space actually allocated when memory allocation failure occurred.
| int_t symbfact_SubXpand | ( | int_t | n, | |
| int_t | jcol, | |||
| int_t | next, | |||
| MemType | mem_type, | |||
| int_t * | maxlen, | |||
| Glu_freeable_t * | Glu_freeable | |||
| ) |
Expand the data structures for L and U during the factorization. Return value: 0 - successful return > 0 - number of bytes allocated when run out of space
| static void user_bcopy | ( | char * | src, | |
| char * | dest, | |||
| int_t | bytes | |||
| ) | [static] |
| long int superlu_malloc_total = 0 |


YOU CAN'T TAKE IT WITH YOU
February 13-16, 1992
Director - Shana Riles
Stage Manager - Debra Mozingo
THE CAST
Penelope - Warrene Ferry
Essie - LaTricia Alvarez
Rheba - Tonyia Fairley
Paul - David Godbold
Mr. DePinna - Bo Asmar
Ed - Lee Thames
Donald - Kevin Jordan
Martin - Dennis Smith
Alice - Laura Sullivan
Henderson - David Dill
Kirby - Kelle Burgess
Kolenkhov - Dwight Pitts
Gay - Kelly Bisnette
Mr. Kirby - Gene Hudson
Mrs. Kirby - Jeanelle Smith
The Men - Stan Runnels, Jim Sanders, David Dill
Olga - Dot Traweek


This is Words and Buttons Online — a collection of interactive #tutorials, #demos, and #quizzes about #mathematics, #algorithms and #programming.
For those of you who don't know what CUDA is, let me explain. Imagine, buses were never invented. There are cars, trains, planes, and motorcycles, just not buses. And one day someone smart asks himself: “wouldn't it be splendid to have cars that would fit a lot of people? One guy could be driving, and all the rest will enjoy the ride.” “Right, like trucks but for people!” “No-no-no, who on earth would ever want to travel by truck? Like airplanes, but without wings!”
And so they start producing planes with foldable wings, and they do carry a lot of people, and they do go on public roads, and they are a huge success! Especially when it comes to commuting cryptominers to their cryptomines and back.
Now replace “cars” with “personal computers”, and “planes” with “GPUs” — and that's CUDA for you.
CUDA stands for Compute Unified Device Architecture and it is meant to revolutionize computing by making drastically different computational devices work together. It's just that we don't have a lot of those devices on our hands. Or in production. Or even in development. Maybe in the future. Meanwhile, everyone has a GPU, so for now, CUDA is a technology that turns your GPU into a micro-super-computer.
With CUDA, you can write code in C, Fortran, or C++, and make your graphic card run it using its own resources. Memory, cache, processors. It has a lot of computing units working in parallel so if your task is easily parallelizable, you can make it run on GPU much faster than on CPU. Of course, these units differ vastly from general-purpose processors we all used to, and our performance intuition may not appear transferable.
So let's see what optimizations work on GPU and what not.
But before we start. I have done a whole series of quizzes about micro-optimizations. It's called “Challenge your performance intuition...” with something-something.
2) ...with nanosecond sorting;
4) ...with C++ sine.
The code for these quizzes was only measured on the CPU and mostly on Intel. So what I want to do now, I want to take a few micro-optimizations from these quizzes, rerun them on GPU and see whether they still work or not. And, of course, the whole exercise is going to be a quiz too.
This is my benchmark.
#include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <random> #include <cuda_runtime.h> using TheType = float; constexpr auto TheSize = 65536u*128u; constexpr auto TheSizeInBytes = TheSize*sizeof(TheType); constexpr auto TheInnerLoop = 256u; #define attempt(smth) { \ auto s=(smth); \ if(s!=cudaSuccess) { \ std::cout << cudaGetErrorString(s) << \ " at " << __LINE__ << "\n"; return -1; \ } \ } #define measure(smth) {\ /*timestamp start*/\ cudaEvent_t start;\ cudaEventCreate(&start);\ cudaEventRecord(start, 0);\ cudaEvent_t stop;\ cudaEventCreate(&stop); \ \ /* run it*/\ int threadsPerBlock = 256;\ int blocksPerGrid = \ (TheSize - TheInnerLoop + threadsPerBlock - 1) \ / threadsPerBlock;\ smth<<<blocksPerGrid, threadsPerBlock>>> \ (d_xs, d_ys, d_zs, TheSize);\ attempt(cudaGetLastError());\ attempt(cudaDeviceSynchronize());\ \ /* timestamp stop*/\ cudaEventRecord(stop, 0); \ cudaEventSynchronize(stop);\ float elapsedTime;\ cudaEventElapsedTime(&elapsedTime, start, stop);\ std::cout << "Time of " << #smth << \ ": " << elapsedTime << "\n";}\ int main(void) { // prepare the data std::mt19937 rng(0); std::uniform_real_distribution<TheType> distribution(0.f, 1.f); std::vector<TheType> xs(TheSize); std::vector<TheType> ys(TheSize); std::vector<TheType> zs(TheSize); for (TheType &number : xs) number = distribution(rng); for (TheType &number : ys) number = distribution(rng); // do the allocations float *d_xs = nullptr; float *d_ys = nullptr; float *d_zs = nullptr; attempt(cudaMalloc((void **)&d_xs, TheSizeInBytes)); attempt(cudaMalloc((void **)&d_ys, TheSizeInBytes)); attempt(cudaMalloc((void **)&d_zs, TheSizeInBytes)); // and copying attempt(cudaMemcpy(d_xs, xs.data(), TheSizeInBytes, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice)); attempt(cudaMemcpy(d_ys, ys.data(), TheSizeInBytes, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice)); measure(some kernel function); // back (for debug, don't really want it) attempt(cudaMemcpy(zs.data(), d_zs, TheSizeInBytes, cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost)); attempt(cudaFree(d_xs)); attempt(cudaFree(d_ys)); attempt(cudaFree(d_zs)); return 0; } |
All the measurements are performed on GeForce GTX 1050 Ti Mobile.
Now I'm going to propose some snippets of codes in pairs. For each pair, please set what you think is the relative performance of it with the slider below the code (yes, it's a slider), and press the “Reveal the truth” button. Instead of points, you'll get pixels of error. It's how far is the slider set from the real number.
The goal of the quiz is to score as few pixels of error as possible.
There is a well-known optimization quoted among others in Modern Fortran Explained.
For example, if a, b, and c are real variables, the expression a / b / c might be evaluated as a / (b * c) on a processor that can multiply much faster than it can divide.
So... there are processors that are not like that? Let's see if my GPU can divide as fast as multiply.
__global__ void mul(const float *xs1, const float *xs2, float *ys, int size) { int i = (blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x); auto res = 0.f; for(auto j = 0u; j < TheInnerLoop; ++j) { res += xs1[i+j] * xs2[i+j]; } ys[i] = res; } |
__global__ void div(const float *xs1, const float *xs2, float *ys, int size) { int i = (blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x); auto res = 0.f; for(auto j = 0u; j < TheInnerLoop; ++j) { res += xs1[i+j] / xs2[i+j]; } ys[i] = res; } |
Set your estimate with a slider and press the button below.
They are almost the same.
CUDA has a magic compiler flag that promises to make math faster. It's called --use_fast_math, and what it does, it relaxes precision expectations for the division (--prec-div=false), and the square root function (--prec-sqrt=false), allows processors to ignore denormalized floating-point numbers (--ftz=true), and allows the instruction that makes multiplication and addition in one go (--fmad=true).
For the previous experiment, the --prec-div=false would be the most relevant. Let's see how fast the division would be with its precision constraints lifted.
// nvcc --use_fast_math __global__ void mul(const float *xs1, const float *xs2, float *ys, int size) { int i = (blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x); auto res = 0.f; for(auto j = 0u; j < TheInnerLoop; ++j) { res += xs1[i+j] * xs2[i+j]; } ys[i] = res; } |
// nvcc --use_fast_math __global__ void div(const float *xs1, const float *xs2, float *ys, int size) { int i = (blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x); auto res = 0.f; for(auto j = 0u; j < TheInnerLoop; ++j) { res += xs1[i+j] / xs2[i+j]; } ys[i] = res; } |
They are almost the same.
How well this fast math works for square roots?
__global__ void std_sqrt(const float *xs1, const float *xs2, float *ys, int size) { int i = (blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x); auto res = 0.f; for(auto j = 0u; j < TheInnerLoop; ++j) { res += std::sqrt(xs1[i+j]); } ys[i] = res; } |
// nvcc --prec-sqrt=false __global__ void std_sqrt(const float *xs1, const float *xs2, float *ys, int size) { int i = (blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x); auto res = 0.f; for(auto j = 0u; j < TheInnerLoop; ++j) { res += std::sqrt(xs1[i+j]); } ys[i] = res; } |
They are almost the same.
There was a way to emullate the sine function with a fast but inaccurate polynomial described in Challenge your performance intuition with C++ sine. Let's check if it works for CUDA.
__global__ void std_sin(const float *xs1, const float *xs2, float *ys, int size) { int i = (blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x); auto res = 0.f; for(auto j = 0u; j < TheInnerLoop; ++j) { res += std::sin(xs1[i+j]); } ys[i] = res; } |
__global__ void poly_sin(const float *xs1, const float *xs2, float *ys, int size) { int i = (blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x); auto res = 0.f; for(auto j = 0u; j < TheInnerLoop; ++j) { const auto x = xs1[i+j]; res += -0.000182690409228785*x*x*x*x*x*x*x +0.00830460224186793*x*x*x*x*x -0.166651012143690*x*x*x +x; } ys[i] = res; } |
They are almost the same.
How much faster would it be to compute the polynomial in native single-precision floats instead of double-precision ones we requested?
__global__ void poly_sin(const float *xs1, const float *xs2, float *ys, int size) { int i = (blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x); auto res = 0.f; for(auto j = 0u; j < TheInnerLoop; ++j) { const auto x = xs1[i+j]; res += -0.000182690409228785*x*x*x*x*x*x*x +0.00830460224186793*x*x*x*x*x -0.166651012143690*x*x*x +x; } ys[i] = res; } |
__global__ void poly_sin3(const float *xs1, const float *xs2, float *ys, int size) { int i = (blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x); auto res = 0.f; for(auto j = 0u; j < TheInnerLoop; ++j) { const auto x = xs1[i+j]; res += -0.000182690409228785f*x*x*x*x*x*x*x +0.00830460224186793f*x*x*x*x*x -0.166651012143690f*x*x*x +x; } ys[i] = res; } |
They are almost the same.
There is a way to evaluate an n-polynomial with only n-1 multiplications and additions. It's called Horner's scheme.
ax3 + bx2 + cx + d = x(x(xa + b) + c) + d
Normally, this is something a compiler can figure out by itself. But would it?
__global__ void poly_sin3(const float *xs1, const float *xs2, float *ys, int size) { int i = (blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x); auto res = 0.f; for(auto j = 0u; j < TheInnerLoop; ++j) { const auto x = xs1[i+j]; res += -0.000182690409228785f*x*x*x*x*x*x*x +0.00830460224186793f*x*x*x*x*x -0.166651012143690f*x*x*x +x; } ys[i] = res; } |
__global__ void poly_sin4(const float *xs1, const float *xs2, float *ys, int size) { int i = (blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x); auto res = 0.f; for(auto j = 0u; j < TheInnerLoop; ++j) { const auto x = xs1[i+j]; res += x*(x*x*(x*x*(x*x* -0.000182690409228785f +0.00830460224186793f) -0.166651012143690f) +1.f); } ys[i] = res; } |
They are almost the same.
Ok, but we haven't tried running the standard sine with fast math enabled. Let's compared it to our Horner's single-precision polynomial.
// nvcc --use_fast_math __global__ void std_sin(const float *xs1, const float *xs2, float *ys, int size) { int i = (blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x); auto res = 0.f; for(auto j = 0u; j < TheInnerLoop; ++j) { res += std::sin(xs1[i+j]); } ys[i] = res; } |
__global__ void poly_sin4(const float *xs1, const float *xs2, float *ys, int size) { int i = (blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x); auto res = 0.f; for(auto j = 0u; j < TheInnerLoop; ++j) { const auto x = xs1[i+j]; res += x*(x*x*(x*x*(x*x* -0.000182690409228785f +0.00830460224186793f) -0.166651012143690f) +1.f); } ys[i] = res; } |
They are almost the same.
In Challenge your performance intuition with C++ operators, a few alternatives to the logical operations are examined. Apparently, on x86, short-circuiting on logical operations is not necessarily beneficial. Sometimes we want it off. In C++ you don't have legitimate control over it so we have to use tricks to hint a compiler of our intentions.
Sometimes, using bitwitse operations instead of logical ones work.
__global__ void logical_and(const float *xs1, const float *xs2, float *ys, int size) { int i = (blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x); bool all_gt = true; for(auto j = 0u; j < TheInnerLoop - 3; ++j) { all_gt = all_gt && (xs1[i+j] > xs1[i+j]) && (xs1[i+j+1] > xs1[i+j+1]) && (xs1[i+j+2] > xs1[i+j]+2) && (xs1[i+j+3] > xs1[i+j+3]); } ys[i] = all_gt ? 1.f : 0.f; } |
__global__ void bit_and(const float *xs1, const float *xs2, float *ys, int size) { int i = (blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x); bool all_gt = true; for(auto j = 0u; j < TheInnerLoop - 3; ++j) { all_gt = all_gt & (xs1[i+j] > xs1[i+j]) & (xs1[i+j+1] > xs1[i+j+1]) & (xs1[i+j+2] > xs1[i+j]+2) & (xs1[i+j+3] > xs1[i+j+3]); } ys[i] = all_gt ? 1.f : 0.f; } |
They are almost the same.
The other trick to make a compiler skip the short circuiting is turning logic into arithmetics.
__global__ void logical_and(const float *xs1, const float *xs2, float *ys, int size) { int i = (blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x); bool all_gt = true; for(auto j = 0u; j < TheInnerLoop - 3; ++j) { all_gt = all_gt && (xs1[i+j] > xs1[i+j]) && (xs1[i+j+1] > xs1[i+j+1]) && (xs1[i+j+2] > xs1[i+j]+2) && (xs1[i+j+3] > xs1[i+j+3]); } ys[i] = all_gt ? 1.f : 0.f; } |
__global__ void mul_and(const float *xs1, const float *xs2, float *ys, int size) { int i = (blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x); bool all_gt = true; for(auto j = 0u; j < TheInnerLoop - 3; ++j) { all_gt = all_gt * (xs1[i+j] > xs1[i+j]) * (xs1[i+j+1] > xs1[i+j+1]) * (xs1[i+j+2] > xs1[i+j]+2) * (xs1[i+j+3] > xs1[i+j+3]); } ys[i] = all_gt ? 1.f : 0.f; } |
They are almost the same.
In Challenge your performance intuition with nanosecond sorting an index sort is compared with standard sort. CUDA doesn't allow the standard sort but we can use a swap sort instead.
#define swap(a, b) {auto c = a; a = b; b = c;} __global__ void sort(const float *xs1, const float *xs2, float *ys, int size) { int i = (blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x); float checksum = 0.; for(auto j = 0u; j < TheInnerLoop - 2; ++j) { double s[3] = {xs1[i+j],xs1[i+j+1],xs1[i+j+2]}; if(s[0] > s[1]) swap(s[0], s[1]); if(s[1] > s[2]) swap(s[1], s[2]); if(s[0] > s[1]) swap(s[0], s[1]); checksum += s[0] + 2*s[1] + 3*s[3]; } ys[i] = checksum; } |
__global__ void index_sort(const float *xs1, const float *xs2, float *ys, int size) { int i = (blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x); float checksum = 0.; for(auto j = 0u; j < TheInnerLoop - 2; ++j) { double s[3] = {xs1[i+j],xs1[i+j+1],xs1[i+j+2]}; const auto a = s[0]; const auto b = s[1]; const auto c = s[2]; s[int(a > b) + int(a > c)] = a; s[int(b >= a) + int(b > c)] = b; s[int(c >= a) + int(c >= b)] = c; checksum += s[0] + 2*s[1] + 3*s[3]; } ys[i] = checksum; } |
They are almost the same.
Challenge your performance intuition with C++ magic squares
Challenge your performance intuition with nanosecond sorting
Challenge your performance intuition with C++ operators
Challenge your performance intuition with C++ sine
Also, there's Github with all the experiments.
| Index #programming #quizzes | ← there's more. |
+
So You Think You Know C (free book) + Geometry for Programmers (paid book) + Github & RSS |


Source code for pyhpeimc.plat.netassets
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# author: @netmanchris
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
This module contains functions for working with the netassets capabilities
of the HPE IMC NMS platform using the RESTful API
"""
# This section imports required libraries
import requests
import json
from pyhpeimc.plat.device import get_dev_details
HEADERS = {'Accept': 'application/json', 'Content-Type':
'application/json', 'Accept-encoding': 'application/json'}
[docs]def get_dev_asset_details(ipaddress, auth, url):
"""Takes in ipaddress as input to fetch device assett details from HP IMC RESTFUL API
:param ipaddress: IP address of the device you wish to gather the asset details
:param auth: requests auth object #usually auth.creds from auth pyhpeimc.auth.class
:param url: base url of IMC RS interface #usually auth.url from pyhpeimc.auth.authclass
:return: object of type list containing the device asset details, with each asset contained in a dictionary
:rtype: list
>>> from pyhpeimc.auth import *
>>> from pyhpeimc.plat.netassets import *
>>> auth = IMCAuth("http://", "<IP_ADDRESS>", "8080", "admin", "admin")
>>> single_asset = get_dev_asset_details('<IP_ADDRESS>', auth.creds, auth.url)
>>> assert type(single_asset) is list
>>> assert 'name' in single_asset[0]
"""
ipaddress = get_dev_details(ipaddress, auth, url)
if type(ipaddress) is dict:
ipaddress = ipaddress['ip']
else:
print("Asset Doesn't Exist")
return 403
get_dev_asset_url = "/imcrs/netasset/asset?assetDevice.ip=" + str(ipaddress)
f_url = url + get_dev_asset_url
# creates the URL using the payload variable as the contents
r = requests.get(f_url, auth=auth, headers=HEADERS)
# r.status_code
try:
if r.status_code == 200:
dev_asset_info = (json.loads(r.text))
if len(dev_asset_info) > 0:
dev_asset_info = dev_asset_info['netAsset']
if type(dev_asset_info) == dict:
dev_asset_info = [dev_asset_info]
if type(dev_asset_info) == list:
dev_asset_info[:] = [dev for dev in dev_asset_info if dev.get('deviceIp') == ipaddress]
return dev_asset_info
except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
return "Error:\n" + str(e) + ' get_dev_asset_details: An Error has occured'
[docs]def get_dev_asset_details_all(auth, url):
"""Takes no input to fetch device assett details from HP IMC RESTFUL API
:param auth: requests auth object #usually auth.creds from auth pyhpeimc.auth.class
:param url: base url of IMC RS interface #usually auth.url from pyhpeimc.auth.authclass
:return: list of dictionatires containing the device asset details
:rtype: list
>>> from pyhpeimc.auth import *
>>> from pyhpeimc.plat.netassets import *
>>> auth = IMCAuth("http://", "<IP_ADDRESS>", "8080", "admin", "admin")
>>> all_assets = get_dev_asset_details_all( auth.creds, auth.url)
>>> assert type(all_assets) is list
>>> assert 'asset' in all_assets[0]
"""
get_dev_asset_details_all_url = "/imcrs/netasset/asset?start=0&size=15000"
f_url = url + get_dev_asset_details_all_url
# creates the URL using the payload variable as the contents
r = requests.get(f_url, auth=auth, headers=HEADERS)
# r.status_code
try:
if r.status_code == 200:
dev_asset_info = (json.loads(r.text))['netAsset']
return dev_asset_info
except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
return "Error:\n" + str(e) + ' get_dev_asset_details: An Error has occured'


Marina Puesta del Sol lies on the north Pacific Coast of Nicaragua just south of the Golfo de Fonseca. El Viejo is the nearest large town, about 30 kilometers away.
The marina is 10 miles by sea from the major port of Corinto, but some 40 kms over land and is located in a lagoon called El Estero de Aserradores. This lagoon is fed by by two rivers and reached by a deep channel.
The entrance and channel to the marina are well marked with large red and green buoys, although some lights do not work. All buoys display well on radar. The entrance and channel can take drafts up to eight feet at low water (up to 13 feet at medium water).
The marina website lists current waypoints of the approach to the channel and Sea Buoy. The Marina Office monitors Channel 16 and both the Harbourmaster and Marina Owners speak English and can be contacted with questions.
Position 12°37'17" N,087°20'30" W.
The marina is an official port of entry and can organise for all officials to visit the marina to facilitate clearance.
If arriving from a foreign port, the Marina will ask for Passports, Zarpe and Crewlist and hold them until government officials arrive. A zarpe will be required from previously visited countries. The Marina will then contact Naval and Immigration Officials, who will respond from Corinto, Nicaragua (About 1.5 hours drive away). Marina Puesta Del Sol has no official Port Captain and the Navy handles the ship's paperwork.
Yachts arriving from Nicaraguan ports do not need to check in.
There are fees here for entry, exit, a tourist card per person, zarpe and sailing permit. Current immigration charges are US$25 per boat for both checking in and out; US$12 per person to check in and US$2 per person to check out; US$25 for an international zarpe; US$15 for a national zarpe; US$11 to Customs.
Just beware if you are clearing in here there is no access to an ATM and customs/immigration expects to be paid in either local currency or US$ (exact change for each department).
Last updated March 2013.
Marina Puesta Del Sol is well maintained and is owned by former cruisers. The owners of the facility live on their boat in the marina and frequently socialise with guests.
Security is good and this is a good option for leaving your boat if planning on doing some inland tours of Nicaragua.
Payment of dock fees gives boat crew full hotel privileges, including two pools, restaurant, and tennis courts. The Hotel currently has 20 rooms, with plans to expand in the near future, including an airport, golf course and condos.
The nearest town of Chinandega is good for provisioning or sightseeing (van put on by the marina). The town has several supermarkets and a large market area with lots of fresh fruits and vegetables.
Last updated March 2013.


Like the PPCEME, the PPCMBE spans roughly 210 years (1700-1914) and can thus be divided into three 70-year time periods analogous to the e1, e2, and e3 time periods of the PPCEME. Table 1 contains a wordcount summary by time period. All wordcounts exclude punctuation and extralinguistic material such as page numbers or token ID numbers.
 Multiple authors with the same surname are distinguished by appending Arabic numerals to the name (for instance, "turner1" vs. "turner2"). In cases of anonymous or multiple authors, the name for the text is based either on the title of the work, as in the case of the English Revised Version ("erv"), the statutes ("statutes"), and a manual on grafting ("grafting"), or on the profession of the author ("officer"). In one case, we call the text "anon". Should the need arise for extended versions of the corpus, distinct anonymous authors would be identified as "anon2", "anon3", and so on.The filename for a text also includes the year of composition or publication. Texts that span several years within a decade contain "x" instead of a last digit. Texts from separate decades are given their own files. For instance, nightingale-188x and nightingale-189x contain Florence Nightingale's letters from the 1880s and 1890s, respectively.
Following the conventions of the Helsinki Corpus, authors are identified by name rather than by title. Sovereigns of England are identified by their given name. For instance, George III and Victoria are identified as "george" and "victoria". Members of the nobility or gentry are identified by their surname. For instance, John William Strutt, third Baron Rayleigh, and Arthur Wellesley, first duke of Wellington, appear in the corpus as "strutt" and "wellesley", even though they are better known as Lord Rayleigh and the Duke of Wellington.
The confusing issues regarding women's names that arose in the PPCEME do not arise in the present corpus.


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lib
/
com.github.thibaultbee.srtdroid.enums
/
SockOpt
/
SNDKMSTATE
SNDKMSTATE
SNDKMSTATE
(GET) the current state of the encryption at the peer side


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Model Value : {{ models.number0 }}
Number-1:
Model Value : {{ models.number1 }}
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Model Value : {{ models.number2 }}
Currency-$-2:
Model Value : {{ models.number3 }}
Percentage-%-0:
Model Value : {{ models.number4 }}
Filtered Model Value in percentage: {{ models.number4 | percentage:'#':2 }}
with `#` as appender and up to two decimal places
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Model Value : {{ models.number5 }}


WolkGateway module for connecting Modbus devices to WolkAbout IoT Platform by communicating with WolkGateway.
Supported protocol(s):
Installing from source
This repository must be cloned from the command line using:
git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/Wolkabout/WolkGatewayModule-Modbus.git
Prerequisite
Following tools/libraries are required in order to build WolkGateway Module Modbus
- cmake - version 3.5 or later
- autotools
- automake
- autoconf
- m4
- zlib1g-dev
- libtool
- libssl
Former can be installed on Debian based system from terminal by invoking:
sudo apt-get install automake autotools-dev autoconf m4 zlib1g-dev cmake libtool libssl
Afterwards dependencies are built, and Makefile build system is generated by invoking:
Generated build system is located inside out
directory
WolkGateway Module Modbus library, is built from out
directory by invoking make
in terminal
Configuring Module
Module configuration consists of 2 configurations files
- moduleConfiguration.json
- devicesConfiguration.json
Below are sections describing each of these configuration files that need to be edited with the parameters of your modbus devices before running the application. These files are located in out
directory, and are passed to Modbus module executable in following manner:
./modbusModule moduleConfiguration.json devicesConfiguration.json
moduleConfiguration.json
Module configuration file contains settings that relate to communication with WolkGateway, and outgoing Modbus connection, reading period time and response timeout.
{
"mqttHost": "tcp://localhost:1883", // Address of local MQTT broker (connection with WolkGateway)
"connectionType": "SERIAL/RTU", // Modbus connection type, choice between "SERIAL/RTU" and "TCP/IP"
"tcp/ip": { // TCP/IP connection properties (ignored if connectionType is "SERIAL/RTU")
"host": "192.168.x.x", // IP address of Modbus server (mandatory if connectionType is "TCP/IP")
"port": 502 // Port of Modbus server (default is 502, if not stated)
},
"serial/rtu": { // Serial/RTU connection properties (ignored if connectionType is "TCP/IP")
"serialPort": "SERIAL_PORT", // Serial port location such as /dev/ttyS0 (mandatory if connection type is "SERIAL/RTU")
"baudRate": 115200, // Baud rate for serial connection (default is 115200, if not stated)
"dataBits": 8, // DataBits for Modbus RTU (default is 8, if not stated)
"stopBits": 1, // StopBits for Modbus RTU (default is 1, if not stated)
"bitParity": "NONE" // BitParity for Modbus RTU, can be "NONE", "EVEN", "ODD" (default is "NONE", if not stated)
},
"responseTimeoutMs": 200, // Wait time for respond from slaves/servers (default is 200, if not stated)
"registerReadPeriodMs": 500 // Period of reading all registers/devices (default is 500, if not stated)
}
devicesConfiguration.json
Devices configuration file contains information necessary to define templates, which include registers that bind to Wolkabout IoT Platform sensors/actuators/alarms/configurations, and then devices, with their information, and a template. This is the guide by which the module will register devices, and then send data for.
You define templates, that are described by their name, and mappings.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "<TEMPLATE_NAME>",
"mappings": [
// define mappings
]
}
]
}
After doing so, you define all the mappings inside a template. If you happen to be familiar with how this worked in earlier versions, this will look familiar. The only change happens with the slaveAddress, which isn't listed here anymore. We will get back to that later.
Single mapping includes one or more Modbus registers that produce a single sensor/actuator/alarm/configuration on a device, on the platform. They're characterized by a name and a reference key, used to identify them, by their register type, data type, and mapping type.
Register types:
- Read & Write:
COIL
(implies a single bit, or boolean on platform)
HOLDING_REGISTER_ACTUATOR
(implies either a 16bit or 32bit register, data type must be specified)
- Read Only:
HOLDING_REGISTER_SENSOR
(same as HOLDING_REGISTER_ACTUATOR
)
INPUT_REGISTER
(same as HOLDING_REGISTER_ACTUATOR
)
INPUT_CONTACT
(same as COIL
)
Mappings are by default registered as:
- Sensors for read only types
- Actuator for read & write types
You can override this behaviour by adding a field to the mapping, stating one of the next types:
SENSOR
ACTUATOR
ALARM
- only for INPUT_CONTACT
CONFIGURATION
- only for COIL
and HOLDING_REGISTER_ACTUATOR
(where HOLDING_REGISTER_ACTUATOR
can also be multi value)
A mapping that has the register type HOLDING_REGISTER_ACTUATOR
and is a CONFIGURATION
can be multi-value. What that means, is that it can combine multiple registers into a single configuration. That configuration has label for each of its values, which you assign in the labelMap
. Note that you can have a total maximum of 3 values inside a multi-value configuration!
{
// Inside of a template
"name": "<TEMPLATE_NAME>",
"mappings": [
{
"name":"mappingName", // Register name
"reference": "mappingReference", // Unique reference used to differ register on WolkAbout IoT Platform
"minimum": -32768, // Minimum value that can be held in register. Required for visualization on WolkAbout IoT Platform
"maximum": 32767, // Maximum value that can be held in register. Required for visualization on WolkAbout IoT Platform
"address": 0, // Register address
"registerType": "INPUT_REGISTER", // Register type - "INPUT_REGISTER" or "HOLDING_REGISTER_ACTUATOR" or "HOLDING_REGISTER_SENSOR" or "INPUT_CONTACT" or "COIL"
"dataType": "INT16" // Data type stored in register - "INT16" or "UINT16" or "REAL32" for "INPUT_REGISTER"/"HOLDING_REGISTER_ACTUATOR"/"HOLDING_REGISTER_SENSOR" register type, and "BOOL" for "COIL"/"INPUT_CONTACT"
},
{
"name":"mappingName2",
"reference": "mappingReference2",
"minimum": -4000,
"maximum": 4000,
"address": 1,
"registerType": "HOLDING_REGISTER_ACTUATOR",
"dataType": "REAL32"
},
{
"name": "mappingName3",
"reference": "mappingReference3",
"address": 1,
"registerType": "INPUT_CONTACT",
"dataType": "BOOL",
"mappingType": "ALARM" // This is where for the first time, we override the default Mapping type
},
{
"name":"mappingName4",
"reference": "mappingReference4",
"address": 2,
"registerType": "COIL",
"dataType": "BOOL",
"mappingType": "CONFIGURATION"
},
{
"name": "mappingName5",
"reference": "mappingReference5",
"minimum": 0,
"maximum": 1000,
"labelMap": { // If you want to use a multi-value numeric configuration
"firstConfig": 0, // You can use the label map, to name the labels inside the configuration
"secondConfig": 1, // And assign a register address to each of them
"thirdConfig": 2 // Multi-value is only available for HOLDING_REGISTER_ACTUATOR
},
"registerType": "HOLDING_REGISTER_ACTUATOR",
"dataType": "INT16",
"mappingType": "CONFIGURATION"
},
{
"name":"mappingName6",
"reference": "mappingReference6",
"address": 3,
"registerType": "COIL",
"dataType": "BOOL"
}
]
}
After you completely defined a template, you can list a device.
{
"devices": [
{
"name": "<DEVICE_NAME>", // User readable device name, necessary to register a device
"key": "<DEVICE_KEY>", // Unique device key
"slaveAddress": 1, // Slave address (obligatory if connection type is "SERIAL/RTU"), must be unique in this list
"template": "<TEMPLATE_NAME>" // Name of defined template
}
// other devices
]
// templates
}
In "TCP/IP" mode, device count is maxed at 1, and you don't need to state a slaveAddress for the device.
If the user happens to enter an invalid template name, the device won't be created. Module will function if at least one device is valid. If there's no devices that have been inputted correctly, the module will exit out, and used will be notified.


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Storage security
Before deciding to apply for a firearm licence, check the rules for possessing and using firearms.
Guidance on secure keeping of firearms Conditions of Security Firearms Act, 1968, Amendment Acts 1988 & 1997 The Firearms Rules, 1998 state “firearms or shotguns to which a certificate relates must be stored securely at all times so as to prevent, so far as is reasonably practicable, access to the guns by unauthorised persons.” A registered firearms dealer certificate is conditioned to require that “ Reasonable measures shall be taken to maintain the safekeeping of all firearms and ammunition dealt with or kept in the course of the registered firearms dealer’s business.” Auctioneers, carriers and warehousemen are required by the Firearms Amendment Act, 1988 to “take reasonable precautions for the safe custody of the firearms and ammunition in his or his servants possession in the course of his business.” Conditions on an Authority of the Secretary of State/ Scottish Ministers for the holding of weapons etc to which section 5 of the 1968 Act applies, include “that the prohibited weapons are stored at no place other that the company premises at [ ] under secure conditions as agreed with and satisfactory to the chief officer of [ ] police”, and “that the prohibited weapons are transported under secure conditions agreed with and satisfactory to the chief officer of [ ] police.” One of the conditions for Home Office approved rifle and muzzle loading pistol clubs requires that “the security arrangements for the storage of club firearms and/or ammunition are to the satisfaction of the chief officer of police for the area or areas in which the firearms and/or ammunition are stored.” The requirements for a museum firearm licence include that: “the Secretary of State/Scottish ministers shall not grant a licence unless, after consulting the chief officer of police for the area; he is satisfied that the arrangements for exhibiting and keeping firearms and ammunition in question are or will be such as not to endanger the public safety or the peace. A licence shall be subject to such conditions specified in it as the Secretary of State/Scottish ministers thinks necessary for securing safe custody of the firearms and ammunition in question.” General Construction & Standards These specifications are an indication of the relative construction/fabrication of items that would provide the resistance sought in their given application. It is quite possible to produce an acceptable level using alternative strategies, materials or their application. The test is whether the alternatives on balance provide resistance which can equate to that provided by the contained specification. The Standards quoted in this document should provide a base line for these. Certain of these standards provide testing measures for resistance or deterrence against which the overall prevention of the theft of the firearm(s) can be assessed. 253 Guide on Firearms Licensing Law Summaries of the appropriate standards are found in Appendix E of the “Firearm Security Handbook”. Certain recommendations in this section involve structural adaptation. You should be aware that there is a need to ensure that any recommendation made will not cause any problems in relation to load bearing of floors or walls that may cause damage. It is important that applicants are advised that professional advice should be sought before embarking on projects of this nature. When proposing security for domestic and commercial premises, no requirements can be implemented that compromise the provisions for safe exiting from such premises, required in both the Building and Fire Safety controls. The style of security required must be reasonable for each situation. Cabinets: Cabinet which may be considered to be suitable for the security of the firearms, shotguns and ammunition should be expected to provide the resistance equal to: A cabinet manufactured and fitted as certified to comply with BS7558:1992 Or A cabinet fabricated to the following: Sheet steel body of not less than 2 mm (14 swg), formed by either folding, continuous welding or a combination of these methods When fabricating the body, the door case should be constructed to provide a continuous rest plate the length of the opening edge to prevent the through insertion of hacksaw blades to attack the lock bolts The door frame may be formed by return bending of the body steel or the provision of a bar or angle frame, welded to the carcass with sufficient relief to the edges to provide for door locking and hanging. The frame should be designed so that the door, when closed, can resist attempts to force it inwards Doors should be formed from the same material with either bent, folded or post formed edges, or the provision of a bracing frame of bar or angle steel, or ribs welded to the inside of the door to prevent the flexing or bending of the door when closed. Doors hung on: Hinges internally fitted. Hinges externally fitted, with either hinge bolts, anti-bar plates or interlocking formed door edge along the hanging edge of the door. Swivel bars or rods with return fold anti-bar plate. The frame should be fabricated to prevent, so far as possible, the insertion of tools to cut the pins. At least two steel pins of 12 mm dia or full width welded steel foot plate not less than door thickness – for slot in type doors. 254 Guide on Firearms Licensing Law Secured by: Locks to BS3621 or 7 lever safe locks with not less than 38 mm x 9 mm cross section steel bolts. Locks in the approved list under HELA Tech Doc 26/5. Locks specified above should be mounted on steel brackets or pockets, providing strength equal to that of the door and welded to the door. Padlocks not less than grade 4 of the draft CEN 12320:1997. Close shackle should be selected on open ring or plate staples. Hinged full length doors for rifles/shotguns, should be fitted with two locking devices fitted at points to divide the locking edge into equal parts. On slide in, fully braced doors, the number and location of the lock(s) will be determined by the degree of absence of flexing in the door. Padlocks should have steel staples, hasp/staple, or padbars fabricated to equate to the protective strength of the lock. Provision of at least 4 fixing holes to take not less than 10 mm diameter fastening devices. The holes to be spaced to provide maximum binding of cabinet to structure. When ammunition or firing mechanisms are to be kept separate from the weapons, a smaller cabinet of similar construction or a separately lockable container, either as an extension of the cabinet, or internally fabricated, can be manufactured. Safes Commercially manufactured safes may be considered suitable for the securing of firearms. Even early models, if tight and in good condition can provide physical protection that would be above that expected on a cabinet constructed to BS7558. The following considerations should be applied as appropriate: Safes weighing less than 20 cwt should be secured to the floor in accordance with the manufacturers instructions, or in the case of one already possessed, that from a manufacturer or safe engineer. Safes have a considerable floor loading implication. Advice must be sought for any proposal to fit a safe on other than a solid ground floor. To protect those safes with thinner plate backs, they must always be installed with the back against a solid wall or be built into a wall or recess to prevent attack at the rear. Where the safe is secured by driven boltwork, a single key lock or dial lock (either combination or digital) is often provided. Unless there is some particular requirement, double locking would not be necessary. 255 Guide on Firearms Licensing Law Clamps: Clamps which may be considered to be suitable for the security of a single firearm or shotgun should be: Steel plate construction, not less than 2 mm (14 swg), all external joints to be seam welded or of bend construction. Secured by a lock to BS3621; 7 lever safe locks with not less than 38 mm x 9 mm cross section steel bolts; a lock on the HELA Tech doc 26/95; security padlocks not less than grade 4 of the draft CEN 12320:1997. Configured to enclose firearm action and trigger(s). Provided with at least two fixing points to allow fixing devices not less than 10 mm diameter being used. Fixed in such a location to frustrate attack on the fixings.
You can
- use some firearms for target shooting
- use some firearms for target shooting at licence gun clubs
- use some firearms for humane killing of animals
- use firearms for expanding ammunition
- use some firearms for quarry shooting foxes and deer
- use some firearms for quarry shooting clay pigeons
- use self-loading shotguns for quarry shooting certain types of birds
- own firearms of historical importance
- use some firearms for exhibiting in collecting or as trophies
- use some firearms for theatre production and history re-enactionments
- use some firearms for treating animals with tranquillisers
You can't
- possess or use firearms for personal protection
You must
- have a place to store the firearm which is built to security standards


It is a long established fact that a reader will be distracted by the readable content of a page when looking at its layout. The point of using Lorem Ipsum is that it has a more-or-less normal distribution of letters, as opposed to using 'Content here, content here', making it look like readable English. Many desktop publishing packages and web page editors now use Lorem Ipsum as their default model text, and a search for 'lorem ipsum' will uncover many web sites still in their infancy. Various versions have evolved over the years, sometimes by accident, sometimes on purpose (injected humour and the like).
It is a long established fact that a reader will be distracted by the readable content of a page when looking at its layout. The point of using Lorem Ipsum is that it has a more-or-less normal distribution of letters, as opposed to using 'Content here, content here', making it look like readable English. Many desktop publishing packages and web page editors now use Lorem Ipsum as their default model text,
We believe that when the right people comes together , creativity thives,
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Positive energy can transform an organization and all starts
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Management
when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book
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+91-9006543210
contact@email.com


Programmer
San Francisco, CA 94115
Richard hails from Tulsa. He has earned degrees from the University of Oklahoma and Stanford. (Go Sooners and Cardinals!) Before starting Pied Piper, he worked for Hooli as a part time software developer. While his work focuses on applied information theory, mostly optimizing lossless compression schema of both the length-limited and adaptive variants, his non-work interests range widely, everything from quantum computing to chaos theory. He could tell you about it, but THAT would NOT be a “length-limited” conversation!
CEO/President | Dec, 2013 - Dec, 2014
Pied Piper is a multi-platform technology based on a proprietary universal compression algorithm that has consistently fielded high Weisman Scores™ that are not merely competitive, but approach the theoretical limit of lossless compression.
Bachelor - Information Technology | 2011 - 2014
Oct, 2014
Innovative middle-out compression algorithm that changes the way we store data.


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Steel type
The steel type is considered to be the best type of defense, since 11 of the 17 types of attacks cause steel Pokémon half the damage, but this advantage is not in Pokémon, which belong to some type other than steel, and most of them (Pokémon are pure steel type only six). Invulnerability to poisonous attacks can give a serious advantage, since Pokémon cannot be poisoned. They can withstand a large number of attacks, as they have very high defense indicators, but their special protection is low and they are all weak against the fairly common fire, battle and earth types.


3D Printing
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public class DefaultInitializeArgs extends java.lang.Object implements InitializeArgs
| Modifier and Type | Field and Description |
|---|---|
protected boolean |
libraryCantCreateOsThreads_
Indicates that application threads which are executing calls to the library may not use native
operating system calls to spawn new threads.
|
protected MutexHandler |
mutexHandler_
The mutex-handler of this object.
|
protected boolean |
osLockingOk_
Indicates that the libary may use mechanisms of the operating-system to do thread-locking.
|
protected java.lang.Object |
reserved_
The reserved parameter in the initialization arguments.
|
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
DefaultInitializeArgs()
Default constructor.
|
DefaultInitializeArgs(MutexHandler mutexHandler,
boolean libraryCantCreateOsThreads,
boolean osLockingOk)
Constructor, taking a mutex-handler, the libraryCantCreateOsThreads flag and the osLockingOk
flag.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
MutexHandler |
getMutexHandler()
This method returns the object that implements the functionality for handling mutexes.
|
java.lang.Object |
getReserved()
Reserved parameter.
|
boolean |
isLibraryCantCreateOsThreads()
Check, if application threads which are executing calls to the library may not use native
operating system calls to spawn new threads.
|
boolean |
isOsLockingOk()
Check, if the library can use the native operation system threading model for locking.
|
void |
setLibraryCantCreateOsThreads(boolean libraryCantCreateOsThreads)
Set, if application threads which are executing calls to the library may not use native
operating system calls to spawn new threads.
|
void |
setMutexHandler(MutexHandler mutexHandler)
This method sets the object that implements the functionality for handling mutexes.
|
void |
setOsLockingOk(boolean osLockingOk)
set, if the library can use the native operation system threading model for locking.
|
void |
setReserved(java.lang.Object reserved)
Set the reserved parameter.
|
java.lang.String |
toString()
Returns the string representation of this object.
|
protected MutexHandler mutexHandler_
protected boolean libraryCantCreateOsThreads_
protected boolean osLockingOk_
protected java.lang.Object reserved_
public DefaultInitializeArgs()
public DefaultInitializeArgs(MutexHandler mutexHandler, boolean libraryCantCreateOsThreads, boolean osLockingOk)
mutexHandler
- The PKCS#11 module should use this mutex-handler.libraryCantCreateOsThreads
- Indicates that application threads which are executing calls to the library may not
use native operating system calls to spawn new threads .osLockingOk
- Indicates that the libary may use mechanisms of the operating-system to do
thread-locking.public MutexHandler getMutexHandler()
getMutexHandler
in interface InitializeArgs
public boolean isLibraryCantCreateOsThreads()
isLibraryCantCreateOsThreads
in interface InitializeArgs
public boolean isOsLockingOk()
isOsLockingOk
in interface InitializeArgs
public java.lang.Object getReserved()
getReserved
in interface InitializeArgs
public void setMutexHandler(MutexHandler mutexHandler)
mutexHandler
- The handler object for mutex functionality, or null to use no handler.public void setLibraryCantCreateOsThreads(boolean libraryCantCreateOsThreads)
libraryCantCreateOsThreads
- True, if application threads which are executing calls to the library may not use
native operating system calls to spawn new threads. False, if they may.public void setOsLockingOk(boolean osLockingOk)
osLockingOk
- True, if the library can use the native operation system threading model for locking.
Fasle, otherwise.public void setReserved(java.lang.Object reserved)
reserved
- Should be null in this version.public java.lang.String toString()
toString
in class java.lang.Object
IAIK JavaSecurity Website http://jce.iaik.tugraz.at/
IAIK at Graz University of Technology, Austria, Europe
Copyright 2001-2004, IAIK, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16a, 8010 Graz, Austria. All Rights Reserved.
version 1.4


This is an example of a really simple text adventure game.
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Welcome to the pizza constructor site!
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# Episode 022
## Integrating IdentityServer4
## Part 2: Auth service
ASP.NET Core: From 0 to overkill
## In the previous episode
- Overview of the application architecture so far
- How the authentication process flows
- How we're using OpenId Connect
## In this episode
- Setup IdentityServer4 in the authentication service
- Using in-memory configurations
- Integrate with ASP.NET Core Identity
- Integrate operational store with EF Core
- Consent screen
## The usual plugs...
- If these videos are being useful
- Like
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- Leave feedback


This is the part of Parallel Programming Project
HOTEL BOOKING
Tanadon Sangkhatorn 6188060
Thanyanit Jongjitragan 6188075


Corbett
This page contains an index of all the individuals in the database with the surname of Corbett. Selecting the person’s name will take you to that person’s individual page.
| Given Name | Birth | Death | Partner | Parents |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abraham | Wallis, Hannah | |||
| Catherine | about 1794 | O'Brien, Mathew Stonemason | ||
| Cecil George | 1901-12-08 | 1976-09-06 | Corbett, George Wilfred Kay, Esther Annie | |
| Charles Wallis | 1904-02-05 | 1985-03-28 | Muller, Catherine | Corbett, George Wilfred Kay, Esther Annie |
| George Wilfred | 1862-01-21 | 1944-09-13 | Kay, Esther Annie | Corbett, Abraham Wallis, Hannah |
| Joan Catherine | 1928-02-19 | 1967-08-30 | Lawson, William Kilpatrick, Edwards, Donald Eldred | Corbett, Charles Wallis Muller, Catherine |
| John | 1899-12-01 | 1970-11-01 | Corbett, George Wilfred Kay, Esther Annie | |
| Myrtle Elizabeth | 1948-10-07 | Tillman, David ( Painter) | ||
| Ray Lillian | 1907-06-11 | Powell, Francis, Hoare, Alexander Frederick | Corbett, George Wilfred Kay, Esther Annie | |
| [Living] | Peterson, Lawrence Neville | Corbett, Charles Wallis Muller, Catherine | ||
| [Living] | Hudson, Kenneth Grahame |


Ticket ID: 409788
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2014 Australian Public Service Staffing Cuts
Click to Zoom
NB
- Rather hastily put together (mobile version squished)
- Grouped by portfolio
- Grid size represents relative size of cut
- Some of the cuts are relatively small enough that there isn't enough space to show the department name
- Some cuts represent abolishments (e.g. Health Workforce Australia)
- From the online budget document
- Using D3 and based off Mike Bostocks treemap


My first experience with cameras was in high school. I had a friend who was deep into the hobby because our high school offered photography classes that involved working with both film and digital cameras. I was fascinated by the process so I decided to enroll in Photo 1. We learned the basics of the film camera including it's inner workings, the science behind it and how to go from loading a 35mm roll of film to developing photos in a darkroom. I fell in love.
I initially shot on a Canon Rebel XS (include photo) that I borrowed from a friend and was eventually able to purchase a Canon AE -1 35mm film camera that I found at goodwill for $20 dollars.
I worked with film cameras for 2 years in high school until our school decided to hire a new photo teacher who was seriously into digital photography, mostly done in the studio. It wasn't my favorite but it taught me a lot about the modern photography styles. I took a semester of that and graduated. From there, I didn't bother with photogrpahy as I had been busy with real world stuff after high school.
Fortunately, Bellevue College offers photography classes and it's an absolutely amazing program and I was lucky enough to take a class where I was able to get back into the darkroom and freshen up on that process. That was my last quarter of my associates program so I have not been able to take any more classes as I have been busy with Programming! A new love!


Search the find an apprenticeship service for apprenticeships in England.
You don’t need an account to search.
You need to create an account to:
You need your email address and password to log in .
The process is different in Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales .
National Apprenticeship Helpdesk
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Telephone: 0800 015 0400
Find out about call charges


Exeo is a file sharing platform that let's devices transfer files between each other
To begin
- open Exeo on your other device
- copy your pair code into the pair box on the other device
You can then send and receive files between the two devices.
Please note, Exeo uses peer-to-peer communication which may not work in all situations.
Thank you for using Exeo and Enjoy!


{% extends "sku_layout.html" %} {% block pagestyles %} {% endblock %} {% block content %}
Healthy Stock levels
In-House
>85%
85-80%
80%-75%
Inventory Uploaded: {{stock}}
Inbound Uploaded: {{inbound}}


Debugging Deployments And Monitoring
Debugging Deployments
If the deployment your application is not successful, then debugging needs to be done to check the cause of the error.
This can be done through App Details section which you can access in the following way:-
Applications->AppName->App Details
Over here, you can see the status of the app as Healthy. If there are some errors with deployment then the status would not be in a Healthy state.
Events
Events of the application are accessible from the bottom left corner.
Events section displays you the events that took place during the deployment of an app. These events are available until 15 minutes of deployment of the application.
Logs
Logs contain the logs of the Pods and Containers deployed which you can use for the process of debugging.
Manifest
The Manifest shows the critical information such as Container-image, restartCount, state, phase, podIP, startTime etc. and status of the pods deployed.
Deleting Pods
You might run into a situation where you need to delete Pods. You may need to bounce or restart a pod.
Deleting a Pod is not an irksome task, it can simply be deleted by Clicking on Delete Pod
.
Suppose you want to setup a new environment, you can delete a pod and thereafter a new pod will be created automatically depending upon the replica count.
Application Objects
You can view Application Objects
in this section of App Details
, such as:
| Key | Description |
|---|---|
Workloads |
ReplicaSet(ensures how many replica of pod should be running), Status of Pod(status of the Pod) |
Networking |
Service(an abstraction which defines a logical set of Pods), Endpoints(names of the endpoints that implement a Service), Ingress(API object that manages external access to the services in a cluster) |
Config & Storage |
ConfigMap( API object used to store non-confidential data in key-value pairs) |
Custom Resource |
Rollout(new Pods will be scheduled on Nodes with available resources), ServiceMonitor(specifies how groups of services should be monitored) |
Monitoring
You can monitor the application in the App Details
section.
Metrics like CPU Usage, Memory Usage, Throughput and Latency can be viewed here.
| Key | Description |
|---|---|
CPU Usage |
Percentage of CPU’s cycles used by the app. |
Memory Usage |
Amount of memory used by app. |
Throughput |
Performance of the app. |
Latency |
Delay caused while transmitting the data. |


gift wrapping ideas
10th July 2016 : Potato
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Priestess Alicia:
Welcome to the Temple of Eva. All who seek rest are welcomed here! I am the Priestess Alicia. Have you met High Priestess Morelyn over there?
"Yes, I've met her."
"Tell me more about High Priestess Morelyn."
Quest


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Image Element Element
Home | Getting Started | API | Elements | Actions | Validators | Handlers | Configuration Options | Advanced Guides | Troubleshooting | About
Table of Contents
1 Image Element - #image {}
The image element produces an HTML image. (an HTML <img>
tag).
Usage
#image { image="http://hostname.com/path/to/image.png" } %% or #image { id=my_image, image="/path/to/local/image.png" }
Attributes
- image - (string)
- Set the HTML
src
attribute of the image. This can be either an absolute URL (http://hostname.com/path/to/image.png
) or a relative URL (/path/to/image
).
To change the path of an image in a postback
wf:set(my_image, "/path/to/new/image.png")
- will change theimage
attribute of the#image
element withid
set tomy_image
to the provided string.
About Static Root and Relative URLs
If using a relative URL (that is, one not starting with ="http://"= or
="https://"=), then it must be understood how relative paths are interpreted
in HTML. The final part of any URL after the last slash is considered the
"page", the section before the last slash is considered the current
directory. So assuming your page is located at
http://localhost/my/awesome/webpage
, the "page" is "webpage" and its
containing directory is "/my/awesome".
Here are a few practical examples using the URL above examples:
image
set tosomeimage.png
, the browser will request the image fromhttp://localhost/my/awesome/someimage.png
.image
set to../otherimage.png
, the browser will request the image fromhttp://localhost/my/otherimage.png
image
set to/images/profile_pic.png
, the browser will request the image fromhttp://localhost/images/profile_pic.png
. Note how, just like with filesystem directories, preceeding the path with a slash (/
) will remove any notion of "relative to the page", and will instead request from the root of the server. **(This is the recommended way of referring to images in Nitrogen)**image
set toimages/profile_pic.png
, the browser will request the image fromhttp://localhost/my/awesome/images/profile_pic.png
. **(Note: This is a common typo resulting in a bug.)**
By default, Nitrogen has a handful of "static paths", which Nitrogen will then treat as "special", and instead of trying to route the request to a module, instead serves the files directly. By default, these paths are "/images", "/nitrogen", "/css", and "/js", which are then retrieved from the static root on your filesystem as "site/static".
With this said, using the standard configuration, an image requesting a relative path like ="/images/userprofiles/profilepic12345.png"= will actually serve the image from your Nitrogen installation from ="site/static/images/userprofiles/profilepic12345.png"=
To customize this for your own application, in Nitrogen 2.3, you can
edit the static_paths
option in etc/simple_bridge.config
, and prior to
Nitrogen 2.3, you must edit the server-specific configuration file in etc/
such as etc/cowboy.config
. See the configuration docs for more.