Command-line API¶
We created several script tools. Here we show the usage and source code of all these tools.
imargi_wrapper.sh¶
Usage: $PROGNAME [-r <ref_name>] [-N <base_name>] [-g <ref_fasta>]
[-c <chromSize_file>] [-i <bwa_index>] [-R <restrict_sites>]
[-Q <min_mapq>] [-G <max_inter_align_gap>]
[-O <offset_restriction_site>] [-M <max_ligation_size>] [-t <threads>]
[-1 <fastq.gz_R1>] [-2 <fastq.gz_R2>]
[-o <output_dir>]
Dependency: seqtk, samtools, bwa, pairtools, pbgzip
This is an all-in-one wrapper script of iMARGI Pipeline.
-r : Reference assembly name, such as "hg38"
-N : Base name for ouput result. Such as -N HEK_iMARGI, then the output file will be renamed using the base name,
such as final_HEK_iMARGI.paris.gz, HEK_iMARGI.bam.
-g : Reference genome fasta file. It will be used to generate ref files of '-c', '-i' and '-R'. If any of them are
not supplied. It will be generated from the reference fasta file.
-c : Chromosome size file.
-i : bwa index
-R : DNA restriction enzyme digestion fragments bed file.
-Q : Min MAPQ value for parsing as unique mapping. Default 1.
-G : Max inter align gap for pairtools parsing. Default 20. It will allow R1 5' end clipping.
-O : Max offset bases for filtering pairs based on R2 5' end positions to restriction sites. Default 3.
-M : Max size of ligation fragment for sequencing. It's used for filtering unligated DNA sequence.
-t : Max CPU threads for parallelized processing, at least 4. (Default 8)
-1 : R1 fastq.gz file, if there are multiple files, just separated with space or use wildcard,
such as '-1 lane1_R1.fq.gz lane2_R1.fq.gz', or '-1 lane*_R1.fq.gz'.
-2 : R2 fastq.gz file, if there are multiple files, just separated with space or use wildcard,
such as '-2 lane1_R2.fq.gz lane2_R2.fq.gz', or '-2 lane*_R2.fq.gz'.
-o : Output directoy
-h : Show usage help
imargi_clean.sh¶
Usage: $PROGNAME [-1 <fastq.gz_R1>] [-2 <fastq.gz_R2>] [-N <base_name>] [-o <output_dir>] [-t <threads>]
Dependencies: seqtk, gzip, zcat, awk, parallel
This script will clean the paired reads (R1 and R2) of iMARGI sequencing Fastq data. According to the iMARGI design,
RNA end reads (R1) start with 2 random based. We need to remove the first 2 bases of R1 for better mapping.
If you provided multiple input files (different lanes) in '-1' and '-2' with ',' separator or contains wildcard,
then the output will merge multi-lanes fastq files to one clean fastq file.
The input fastq files must be gzip files, i.e., fastq.gz or fq.gz. The output files are also gzipped files fastq.gz.
-1 : R1 fastq.gz file, if there are multiple files, just separated with space or use wildcard,
such as '-1 lane1_R1.fq.gz lane2_R1.fq.gz', or '-1 lane*_R1.fq.gz'.
-2 : R2 fastq.gz file, if there are multiple files, just separated with space or use wildcard,
such as '-2 lane1_R2.fq.gz lane2_R2.fq.gz', or '-2 lane*_R2.fq.gz'.
-N : Base name for ouput result. Such as -N HEK_iMARGI, then output cleaned and merged fastq.gz file will be
renamed using the base name.
-o : Output directoy
-t : Max CPU threads for parallelized processing, at least 4. (Default 8)
-h : Show usage help
imargi_rsfrags.sh¶
Usage: $PROGNAME [-r <ref_fasta>] [-c <chromSize_file>] [-e <enzyme_name>] [-C <cut_position>] [-o <output_dir>]
Dependency: cooler
This script use cooler digest to generate the restriction Enzyme digested fragments bed file for iMARGI
-r : Reference genome fasta file
-c : Chromosome size file.
-e : Enzyme name, we use AluI in iMARGI.
-C : Cut position right offset of the Enzyme sequence. In iMARGI, the enzyme restriction sequence is AGCT and it
cuts between G and C, so the right offset is 2, then -C 2.
-o : Output file name with directory. It's a .gz file (tabix indexed bgzip file).
-h : Show usage help
imargi_parse.sh¶
Usage: $PROGNAME [-r <ref_name>] [-c <chromSize_file>] [-R <restrict_sites>] [-b <bam_file>] [-o <output_dir>]
[-Q <min_mapq>] [-G <max_inter_align_gap>] [-O <offset_restriction_site>] [-M <max_ligation_size>]
[-d <drop>] [-D <intermediate_dir>] [-t <threads>]
Dependency: pairtools pbgzip
This script will use pairtools to parse the BAM alignments to interaction read pairs in .pairs format, and apply
de-duplication and filtering.
-r : Reference assembly name, such as "hg38"
-c : Chromosome size file.
-R : DNA restriction enzyme digestion sites bed file.
-b : BAM file generated by "bwa mem -SP5M" mapping of iMARGI data.
-o : Output directoy
-Q : Min MAPQ value, default 1.
-G : Max inter align gap for pairtools parsing. Default 20. It will allow R1 5' end clipping.
-O : Max mis-offset bases for filtering pairs based on R2 5' end positions to restriction sites. Default 3.
-M : Max size of ligation fragment for sequencing. It's used for filtering unligated DNA sequence. Default 1000.
-d : Flag of dropping. Default is false, i.e., output all the intermediate results.
-D : Directory for intermediate results. Works when -d false. Default is a sub-folder "intermediate_results"
in output directory.
-t : Max CPU threads for parallelized processing, at least 4. (Default 8)
-h : Show usage help
imargi_stats.sh¶
Usage: $PROGNAME [-D <distance_type>] [-d <distance_threshold>] [-i <input_file>] [-o <output_file>]
Dependency: gzip, awk
This script can be used to filter out short-range intra-chromosomal interactions with a threshold genomic distance.
-D : Distance type. The default genomic position in .pairs file is the 5' end position, so the default distance
type is the distance between 5' end of R1 and R2, which meand '-D 5end'. The alternative choices are 'outer'
and 'inner'. 'outer' means the outer-side distance between R1 and R2 read pairs. 'inner' means the inner-side
distance between R1 and R2 read pairs. Default is '5end'.
-d : sets the genomic distance threshold of defining proximal and distal interactions (intra-chromosomal). It will
report the number of proximal and distal interactions. Besides, you can set a list of values separated with
comma ',', such as '-d 1000,2000,10000,20000,100000,1000000', then the report will include the statistics
number with different thresholds (space is not allowed).
-i : Input .pairs.gz file.
-o : Output stats text file.
-h : Show usage help
imargi_distfilter.sh¶
Usage: $PROGNAME [-D <distance_type>] [-d <distance_threshold>] [-F <deal_with_filter>] [-i <input_file>]
[-o <output_file>]
Dependency: gzip, awk
This script can be used to filter out short-range intra-chromosomal interactions with a threshold genomic distance.
-D : Distance type. The default genomic position in .pairs file is the 5' end position, so the default distance
type is the distance between 5' end of R1 and R2, which meand '-D 5end'. The alternative choices are 'outer'
and 'inner'. 'outer' means the outer-side distance between R1 and R2 read pairs. 'inner' means the inner-side
distance between R1 and R2 read pairs. Default is '5end'.
-d : The distance threshold for filtering. Default is 200000 (distance <200000 will be filtered out).
-F : How to deal with the interactions need to be filtered out? '-F' accepts 'drop' and 'output'. 'drop' means
drop those interactions. 'output' means output an new file of all the filtered out interactions with prefix
'filterOut_'. Default is 'output'.
-i : Input .pairs.gz file.
-o : Output .pairs.gz file.
-h : Show usage help
imargi_convert.sh¶
Usage: $PROGNAME [-f <file_format>] [-k <keep_cols>]
[-b <bin_size>] [-r <resolution>] [-T <transpose>]
[-i <input_file>] [-o <output_file>]
Dependency: gzip, awk, cool
This script can convert .pairs format to BEDPE, .cool, and GIVE interaction format.
-f : The target format, only accept 'cool', 'bedpe' and 'give'. For 'cool', it will generate a ".cool" file
with defined resolution of -b option and a -r defined multi-resolution ".mcool" file based on the ".cool" file.
For 'bedpe', the output will be pbgzip compressed file. So keep in mind to name the output_file '-o' with
'.gz' extesion. For 'give', the output is a normal text file.
-k : (Only for BEDPE) Keep extra information column in BEDPE. Columns ids in .pairs file you want to keep.
For example, 'cigar1,cigar2'. Default value is "", i.e., drop all extra cols.
-b : (Only for cool/mcool) bin size for cool format. Default is 1000.
-r : (Only for cool/mcool) resolution for cool/mcool format. Integers separated by comma. The values of resolution
must be integer multiples of the bin size defined by -b option.
Default is 1000,2000,5000,10000,25000,50000,100000,250000,500000,1000000,2500000,5000000,10000000
-T : (Only for cool/mcool) mcool file can be visualized by HiGlass. Currently the heatmap orientation cannot be
set in HiGlass control panel. So if you want to transpose the interaction map in HiGlass, you need to generate
a transposed mcool file. The default value is 'fasle', i.e., no transpose, the RNA-DNA interactions will be
mapped to a X-Y system as a DNA x RNA contact matrix. If set '-T true', then the generated cool/mcool file is
transposed, which is RNA x DNA contact matrix.
-i : Input file.
-o : Output file.
BEDPE output is gzip compressed file, so it's better to have a .gz file extension.
cool output are two files, .cool and .mcool. The -o option assigns the name of .cool file, it must use .cool as
extension. The .mcool file will be generated based on the .cool file with .mcool extension.
-h : Show usage help
imargi_annotate.sh¶
Usage: imargi_annotate.sh [-A <annotation_format>] [-a <annotation_file>]
[-l <annotation_level>] [-f <feature_attribute>]
[-C <end_for_annotate>] [-c <add_col_names>] [-s <strand_specific>]
[-m <min_overlap>] [-G <cigar>]
[-t <threads>] [-i <input_file>] [-o <output_file>]
Dependency: gzip, pairtools, lz4 pbgzip
This script can annotate both RNA and DNA ends with gene annotations in GTF/GFF format or any other genomic
features in a simple BED file (each line is a named genomic feature). Multiple overlapped annotation features are
separated by ','.
-A : Only accept '-A gtf' for annotating gene with GTF file or '-A bed' for annotating any other genomic features
in a simple BED format file, whose 4th column is the feature name. Default is '-A gtf'.
-a : The annotation information file.
-l : Only work with '-A gtf'. Gene annotation level, 'exon' or 'gene'. Default is '-l gene'.
-f : Only work with '-A gtf'. There are many gene feature attributes can be added, such as gene_id, gene_name,
or gene_type. Use ',' to seperate the features. In the output results, these features are seperated with
'|'. Default is '-f gene_id,gene_name,gene_type'. Blank space is not allowed!
-C : Determine Which end to be annotated. It accepts '-C RNA', '-C DNA' or '-C both'. Default is '-C both',
then both RNA and DNA ends will be annotated. When use '-C RNA' or '-C DNA', then '-c', '-s', '-m' and '-G'
only need one value, if you provided two, then only the first one will be used. If use '-C both', then you must
provide two values for '-c', '-s', '-m' and '-G'.
-c : The names of annotation column in the output file. If '-C both', then you need set two column names separated
with comma ',', i.e., '-c gene1,gene2'. Blank space is not allowed!
-s : Strand specific annotation option, 's', 'r' and 'n'. 's' means strand specific, 'r' means
reverse-strand-specific, and 'n' means none strand specific, ignoring it. As RNA end of iMARGI is
reverse-strand-specific, and DNA end is none strand specific, so the default is '-s rn'.
-m : Minimum bases of overlapping for annotation. '-m 1' means at least one base overlapping. Default '-m 1,1'.
'-m 0' means it must be totally inside of the genomic feature.
-G : Use CIGAR columsn information . Default value is use standard CIGAR info columns, i.e., '-G cigar1,cigar2'.
Blank space is not allowed! If you just want to use the 5' end genomic coordinate reported in .pairs file for
annotation, set '-G false,false' and the '-m' will be automatically set as '0,0'.
-t : Max CPU threads for parallelized processing, at least 4. (Default 8)
-i : Input file.
-o : Output file.
-h : Show usage help


Speech
Education Secretary speaks about the importance of the business and education sectors working together to raise ambition for all.
Good afternoon, ladies and gentleman. It’s a pleasure to be here with you today (9 November 2015) at the CBI ’s 2015 annual conference.
The theme of today’s conference is global ambition. And it is absolutely right for our ambition to be global. Young people and businesses alike are competing with the best in the world. And this government is committed to making sure every child can compete with their international peers - securing their future, and the economic security of our country.
The government set out its own ambition in July: for the UK to become the most successful major economy by 2030. But we won’t be able to do this - as you have heard today - without improving our productivity.
Currently, the productivity gap between the UK and the other G7 countries is 17%. As a nation, we cannot afford to lag behind our global competition.
We have to close this gap. A key way to raise our productivity is by making sure we have a highly skilled workforce.
For too long, our young people were left behind their counterparts from other countries.
The last Labour government let down employers who needed a workforce to compete in a modern marketplace. And they let down young people, as the UK fell further and further behind the countries with the highest educational standards.
Determined to raise standards for all, in 2010 we began a radical reform programme for education despite facing incredibly difficult spending decisions. Central government debt interest payments of £46.6 billion dwarfed the £35.4 billion schools budget.
But we were able to protect the schools budget in real terms, because we were committed to transforming our schools.
Already we are reaping some of the dividends:
over a million more children are being taught in schools rated good or outstanding by Ofsted
80% of children leave primary school in 2015 having achieved the expected levels of reading, writing and numeracy, compared to only 64% in 2010
But we need to go further and ensure every young person is able to fulfil their potential.
That’s why I am unrelenting in my determination that every child can master the basics, because then they can have the knowledge and skills they need to get on in life.
We committed, before the election, to make England the best place in the world to learn maths, science and engineering and for our children to be the best readers in Europe by 2020.
For young people to capitalise on the opportunities open to them in the modern world, we have placed academic rigour at the heart of the education system.
From a stronger focus on numeracy and literacy at primary school, to computing and coding as part of the national curriculum and reformed GCSE and A level qualifications, we have raised the bar.
As part of our reforms to vocational and technical education we have introduced rigorous new standards and put an end to hollow, low-value qualifications, which didn’t help the people who studied them and weren’t respected by employers.
Pupils who do not gain a grade C in English and maths at GCSE , must now continue to study these subjects, because having a good grade in them is crucial to securing employment.
At the same time, we know exam success and qualifications alone are not enough. Pupils who are confident, motivated and resilient will be better prepared for adult life and we believe they will get on better both in education and employment.
As the CBI has said, when it comes to getting a job and succeeding in the workplace, the “right attitudes and attributes - such as resilience, respect, enthusiasm and creativity - are just as important as academic or technical skills.”
Many schools already work very hard to develop character among their pupils, but I want to make sure the opportunities are there for all.
We have invested £5 million in character education and supported projects to help build character, from competitive sport to work experience and links with local business.
Preparing young people for the workplace is something which organisations such as the CBI have called for particular support with. And I agree.
The Careers and Enterprise Company, which I formed last year, will strengthen links between employers, schools and colleges, and careers and enterprise organisations. And I know that Christine Hodgson, the Chair of the Careers and Enterprise Company is with us here today. Alongside Claudia Harris the CEO , they are doing a great job in getting the Company up and running effectively.
The company is rolling out the Enterprise Adviser Network to connect employees from firms of all sizes to schools through a network of enterprise advisers.
This is one example of the key partnerships between government, schools, colleges and businesses.
Businesses, including many of you here today, are playing an important role in our wide programme of reform.
Take the academies programme. It has built on the evidence of what we know delivers high-performing schools internationally - autonomy and accountability.
It gives greater freedom to those who are best placed to make decisions about individual schools and many high-performing schools have converted to embrace these benefits.
Our experience also shows that sponsored academies can be the best solution for failing schools, where the sponsor has a clear responsibility to improve standards.
In September this year, BAE became the sponsor of Furness Academy in Cumbria, after it was placed in special measures.
As the main local employer, BAE has a keen interest in the skills of school-leavers and the academy will benefit from corporate support at the trust level, as well as leadership development opportunities for staff.
When we hear from Juergen Maier, I’m sure he will tell us about Siemens’ involvement with the academies programme through university technical colleges, or UTCs .
Siemens is the sponsor or partner of 4 open and 4 future UTCs , including Lincoln UTC which opened in September last year and specialises in engineering and science.
I’m also thrilled that many businesses and individuals support academies through the Academy Ambassadors programme, which places talented business leaders on academy trust boards as non-executive directors.
Academy trusts benefit from their business advice, support and challenge. This is alongside the important role businesses can play helping with governance across all types of school, providing oversight and encouragement to drive up standards.
It’s important to remember that it’s not just large businesses, but small businesses too that can make a difference. Whether it’s allowing their employees to take time off to serve on the governing bodies or helping them with careers support or the teaching of maths and financial skills in the curriculum.
I had the pleasure recently of meeting with representatives from Business in the Community - the Prince of Wales’ Responsible Business Network which offers practical ways for businesses to work together with schools and other groups across the country.
Over a third of the businesses involved in that programme are SMEs , often in parts of the country where there are few big businesses or employers.
Through academy trusts, governing bodies, curriculum support and careers advice, businesses are helping us to deliver a world-class education system.
To those of you who are already involved, let me say thank you. To those of you who want to get involved or do more, I welcome and urge you to do so.
So let me be clear of my ask and pitch to CBI members. Please:
Together we can help to raise ambitions for our young people and our country, to show the world that Britain does mean business.
Published: 9 November 2015


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errr... I just pushed directly to lean-3.4.2
by accident.
I guess I should force push to undo??
Crap, I can't. When I git reset HEAD~1
and git push --force
, githup tells me I can't force push to a protected branch. So how did it let me push to that branch in the first place?
The evil commit is now an honest PR, at https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib/pull/1616. Maybe we can just merge that quickly. :-)
It looks good to me
The branch protection is weaker than I expected. I made a similar mistake recently
What I did is temporarily disable the branch protection (by changing the master
filter with master-
) so that I can backpedal. But if this is ready to merge, I can just merge it
wrong branch
That was the branch I had an issue with. The same idea works with other branch protection rules (details left as an exercise)
Let's let travis finish, but as this is just a "move proofs about" PR, it should be safe to merge immediately afterwards.
I reverted it
I think travis should still run to completion
{% endraw %}Last updated: Apr 24 2020 at 19:02 UTC


* People Vou Know * 4> + + + ♦ + * + ■£• + +* + * + ♦ * H. M. Kirk was here from Foreman Monday. Dr. Lambert of Win thro® waws in Ashdown Monday, Nealy LaGron of Foreman was in Ashdown Saturday. P. B. Williams is here from Fore- : man attending court Frank Williams of Foreman was a ^ court attndant Monday. Kioss Cobb of DeQueen was a visitor < in Ashdown this week. Mrs. J, D. Freeman spent Sunday in Foreman with relatives. Homer Turner of DeKalb, Texas, . r'wus in Ashdown Monday' Attorney Bfen Isabel Of c -A. -e.. 1 j in Ashdown atteiiniug couit Walter Youngblood of Aliouo trailing in Ashdo>vn Su.iurday. Miss Lucy Furlovi ratUiUcd Hop. j Sunday where she is leaching. H. A. Lewis of Aruon -is .0 As..- ; down Monday attending sourt. Little Billy Tompkins was confined i to his bed Monday wit- iever. Mr. and Mrs. J. O. Li e-.ay of Fore man were AshtJown visitors ! ”iday. Miss Katrina Mobley left Sunday for Garland City where she is teaching. W. A. Bowden was here from Fore man Monday attending to business. Miss Hazel Wood and Mrs. Herman Biown spent Sunday at Red Bluff. Miss Marguerite Budd of Ogden was shopping in Ashdown Saturday. Carlile Rector of Lockesburg was in Ashdown Sunday visiting with friends. Miss Lucy Bandy of Lockesburg was the guest of Miss Idelle Furlow Sunday. Lafayette Pickett purchased the Cooper place, one mile east of town last week. W. H. Moffet of near Richmond was an Ashdown Monday morning attend- j
ing to business. Hal Sutton has accepted a position as salesman with the Henry & Joyner Hardware Company. I. W. Holmes of Richmond, former ly Of Ashdown, was shaking hands witn --.ends here Saturday. Lige Pettigrew of Foreman passed through Ashdown Friday on his way home from Mineral Springs. Mr. and Mrs. A. R. Fleniken of Tex arkana spent the week-end with the latter’s parents. Dr. and Mrs. S. C. Mara v’athan Furlow, a prominent farm er and Justice of the Peace at Ogden, was in Ashdown Monday attending to business. Don't forget the date Saturday Jan. ' 10, one day only. Mary Pickford in the “Hoodlum.” Royal Theater, matinee and night. 1-10 See Mary Pickford chased by a policeman down a coal chute into the cellar at the Royal Saturday, matinee and night. 1-10 < See Mary Pickford in the “Hood lum'’ a second Daddy Long Legs at traction! Saturday matines and night at the Royal. 1-ld Miss Ruth Keiley of Oklahoma was the guest of .Miss Ruth Fawcett, on her way home from a visit with friends at Peytonville, H. G. Sanderson has purchased the A. T, Coliilis place out on the Rich mond road, and will soon bring his family back from Texarkana. Miss Nannie Dee Chewning of i Mena was the guest of Miss Mary Fawcett while on her way to Peyton ville to stay with her father, Geo. I . Chewning. J. R. Meredith and wife of Wilton were the guests of relatives Sunday jevening, while on their way home from Foreman. Dan Pettigrew ac companied them home. All members of the W’oodinan Circle are requested to be present at the hall Friday afternoon at 2:30 o'clock for the purpose of electing new offi cers.—Mrs. M. J. Attaway, Guardian. Kidney weakness, bladder troubles and digestive disorders are all within the curative power of Prickly As’i Bitters. As a tonic for the kidneys and urinary organs it has proved its value. Price $1.25 per bottle. Model Drug Store, special agents. adv. A. M. Henderson of Iowa arrived Sunday to visit his brother, W. H, Henderson, who has been quite ill. Mr. Henderson’s condition is improv ing and his many friends are glad that he may soon be well again.
Guy Kolb has gone to Texarkana to accept a position in the Texarkana National Hank. He held a similar position in the Arkansas State Bank in Ashtfown until he resigned «last week. Miss Flossie Babb went to St. Louis the first of the year where she will work in the millinery wholesale house ontil about the 10t!h of February, when she will return to Ashdown and take the position as t rimmer with Mrs. P. B. Davis, At the Millinery Store we are mak ing cut prices on coats, suits, dresses, and all good hats.  LETS GO! 1 he biggest and best bought stock of Hardware; b urmture, implements, Buggies, Wagons, Saddles, Har ness a lid Plow Goods we have ever had at this rime of the year. LI T US SHO 'V YOU Ashdown Co,
AT THE ROYAL THEATER WEDNESDAY Vitagraph GLADYS LESLYE IN “A Stitsh sr Time” THURSDAY Pathe presents ‘The Other Woman ” Featuring PEGGY V YLVXD
FjyD&Y 5th Episode of the ‘‘Lure cf the C;rsu3” With a Th"S9 Fes! Gamedv and a BffS YifeekJv
sau'Roar WARY PICK FOR 15 IN “The Sodium” A six reel special; also a two reel western drama, featuring Eddie Polo.
Mary Plckford as a daughter of a man of wealth prefers to live in the slums to aid her father in writing a book. See her as a street waif, a •.cream of laughter, all the way through at. the Royal Saturday ma.M nec and night. 1-lti P>r. Bishop received a card from his nephew, A. B. Bishop. Jr., mailed in Bremen, Germany. He is third offi cer on a merchant ship and left New Orleans, La., five weeks ago loaded with tobacco and cotton. He states fireman is a fine city and everyone is friendly to them, Mr. and Mrs. .T, E. Locke received a message Tuesday saying that Mrs Tom Conley, nee Miss Eethl Hicks, was not expected to live through the day.
* +*•&••;•+ + *j> * •S' •!'•»••>+ * ♦ CLASSIFIED SECTION 41 ❖ + Ih *5" •!• ♦ 'i> 'F + ♦ ♦ ♦ FOR SALE OB TRADE. FOU SALE—“More Egg Tonic,” makes layers out of loafers.—Mrs. IT. B. Wilson. 95-tf
WHITE WYANDOTTES—the early bird that lays the golden egg, I can furnish you eggs now at $1.50 for 15 or $11‘.50 per 100. Satisfaction guar anteed.—Mrs. G. D, Gathright, Ash down. phone 147. 12-30-tf FOR SALE—.My house, two blocks north of court house, two thirds in cash, balance like rent.—Henry Gist. Ashdown. 2-1 3.000 BALKS of Bermuda and John son gross hay for sale, averages 60 pounds per bale, at $1 a bale.—M. W. Hankins. Ogden, Ark. 1-28 ALFALFA HAY for sale. $40 per ten. at Ogden. Ark.—Roy Rudd. 40 MONEY TO LEND. MONEY TO LENT)—One to five years lime, in sums $500 00 to $15,000.00. Not necessary to wait 2 or 3 months for service, perfect your title, and get Money at home. See me.—A. Gold smith.
FOR RENT. FARM FOR RENT—50 acres. 6 miles of Ashdown, good upland,—W. S Pn'ce, Ashd'own. 104-tf FPlR RENT—10 or 12 acres land with two room house near town.—Paul Kerstein. tf LOST -.Abstract, to my land, Monday in Ashdown. Return to me on Ash down, Route 1. box 46, and receive re ward.—Henderson Sherman. 1-17 T KEN UP Jan. 5, 1920. one big black mule, trace rub on each hind leg. weight about 1100 pounds, unshod— One half mile north of Berry Owens on Richmond Road.—W, H. Ray. 1-17 Bad rligestion robs the body of the nourishment it need to maintain h.ea'th and strength. To restore tone in the digesive organs there is no bet tor remedy than Prickly Ash Bitters. It. is the remedy that men use for purifying he stomach, liver and bow els. Price $1.25 per bottle, — Model Dug Co., special agents. adv
Velvet Beans Gan Be Grown as Forage Grap, (By L. C. Moser) The velvet beans may be grown suc cesfully in neither section of the stale as a forage proposition blit not for seed is indicated by the results of the experiments of the Arkansas Ex periment Station as reported by L.W. Osborn, Agronomist. A considerable acreage of velvet beans was planted over the ontire state in 1919 but the crops was generally in failure since seed placed upon the market germin ated too poorly, that is, between 15 and 50 per cent and most of the seed was planted too eaily and failed be cause of a cold spring.
An experiment to determine correct dates for planting was conducted by the station in 1919, Results indicate that planting should not bn done un til the ground is thoroughly warm. At Fayetteville, all plantings which were made during April and until the first week in May were failures. The best stands were made from planters of May 15 and' 24, until July 1. The velvet bean is of tropical ori gin and makes its best growth in the real hot weather of July, August and September. It grows very slowly in cool weather, The cold, «ainy weath er which was general tin mghout the entire state in the spring of 1919 was particularly disastrous to velvet beans planted early. The speckled velvet bean which is the common variety grown, is said to mature seed ill the central cotton bolt and southward' in 120 days. Through the time between he last killing frost in spring and the first killing frost in fall averages not less than 170 days in 1 any part of he Ozark region, the vel vet bean plant will not mature as a rule because the average period of tro pical weather is not long enough. -n
Notice of Local 11111. Notice is Hereby Given: That the undersigned and others, will present a Hi! 1 for passage to a Special Session of the General Assembly of the Suite of Arkansas, which will meet on Jan. 26, 1920, for the purpose of enlarging the powers of the Hoard of Commis sioners of Road improvement District No. 6 with reference to borrowing money, the roads to be improved, and to add certain territory thereto, and for other purposes. Witness our hands on this the 13th day of Dec, 1919.—Joel Mills, N. D. Cooper, P. S. j Kinsworthy, et al. 12-17
Plan For A Big Harvest
■! Cu es easily and MOW is the time to make prepara accurately,takes 1^3.• *f . 1* , I • akaenedgeand A tlOHS it yOU Want a Dig C Op this stays sharp. year. Do your breaking of land now, clean up the place and fix the fences.
Bj cut sprouts, clean out rence corners, and | prepare land.  Here are a tew 1 timely needs: | Breaking Plows, te rencing Wire, I5*; i . |_f I varuDbmg Hoes, I Plow Harness. || Plow Points, Single Trees, 1^ why we sell them. I Stalk CutterS HENRY & JOYNER HARDWARE COMPANY Ashdown, Arkansas V *
JVEW YEARS RECEPTION dr. and .Mrs. W. L Phillips Opened Home to Many People. —
“Ashdown in 1880” was the setting I for the meeting of the members and friends of the Ashdown Improvement Club at the home of Mr. and Mrs. W. Li. Phillips on the last evening of the old year 1919, ! By the magic power “Father Time.” | (impersonated by blie host), the years yore turned back and the guests were once more permitted to revel in in the joys of bygone days before the advent of the automobile, the motor heat and' the “tanga, tickle toe,” etc. Photos of the old style, and the good old songs served to bring back sweet memories, while the holiday greens, draped so gracefully over windows : nd doorway's bespoke the New Year Greeting of Prosperity and Good Cheer. An air of expectancy prevailed the room or. Father Time's appearance and the interest grew more intense, If possible, w hen he announced'that, not withstanding the age of any one pre sent and in spite of any tiling that may have transpired in the past, not a per son in the house was married., This was sufficient to put every one at his ease and in good spirits. Appropriate favor cards emblematic of the New Year and bearing the nam es of the days of the week, were dis tributed among the guests and the “young men” were told to engage a different partner for each day of the weeks entertainment. “A horse race" on Monday stated the gayities of the season, The living room not being deemed a sufficient space for real live horses, toy horses were substituted; but they answered the purpose well, especially under the skillful horse manship of Mr. Hugh Toland and Miss Willie Moseley. Tuesday was spent at the “singing school,” Mr John l)ii Laney winning highest honors. A “heat race” was announced for Wed nesday. and again ingenuity was call ed t :> provide the necessary river a id boats The boats were very quicklv made of paper by the contestants, a long board served as the placid stream and fans furnished the pro pelling power. Mr. Roy Goolsby and Miss, Nelle Cowling were the winners. A “straw ride” on Thursday was verr exciting, for instead of the usual '•Ido on straw, the straw was given a rather precarious ride across the room on the dainty tinges of a maid. There were several competitors. Miss Agnes Cowling, winning the highest score. Perhaps the greatest occasion of al! was the dance on Frid'ay evening, when the gallants led their partners through the intricacies of such dances as “Skip to My Lou”. The round dance too was indulged—the dancers being tops spun by the gentlome'n, but the tops refused to dance.
A party on Saturday night closed the week’s entertainment, One feature of this was a contest in which the young men engaged. They were blindfolded and given candy drops which they were to convey in their mouths across tite room and deposit in a bowl. The h: ky ones could demand a kiss from any girl in the company. Several, among them Lon Jones, Grover Cobb, and Seth Reynolds were rewarded for tb ir efforts—with ‘Uncle Sam Kisses.' New Year resolutions, begetting the departed at this hour while others re read and the party ended with the ser ving, by by the hostess and members of the club, boiled custard and pound cake. This also saw the passing of ‘•1880” and brought us back to the eve of December 31st and almost to the stroke of twelve, Most of the guests departed at this hour, while others re nt lined to greet the New Year and to bid* farewell to the old, and all went away feeling younger and happier, if perhaps a trifle less dignified. -o Hostess to Auxiliary. Alts George Hrinnt was hostess to (he Woman’s Auxiliary of the Presby terian church Wednesday. December 31st. Several members were present and all enjoyed a very interesting program of which Mrs. McCrary was the chairman. The program opened with a solo by Mrs. J E. Locke. Uefer ences from the bible on Ministerial Relief were read by different ones, Prayers were offered for this cause. A play was discussed and will be put on at an early date. Meeting closed’ with a prayer and the hostess served de licious refreshments. She was assist ed by Misses Willie York and Eliza beth Hriant.
* CAQFS Clapp Shoes Holeproof Hosiery Soft Collars. Dress Shirs Dress Hats M. C. JOHNSON | CHENEY CBavats
THE CLOTHES WE CLEAN, ; press abb REPam repre sent PflMSTAKSNO EFFORT
Not a Suit. Skirt or overcoat leaves this place without our knowing that it is O.K. Our work roast be so we!! done that it will please the critic. That’s Work Well Done. May we do it for You ?
Eubank Bros. | PHONE 48.
: ¥ Si $Uh LOANS i WANTED LOW RATE OK INTEREST TERMS TO SHT H0i!r10WER Money Ready as soon as the Abstracts Show Good Tide Yeag&s* & Jenss
AMERICAN SHOES & HAR NESS HOSPITAL —Shoes and harness repaired right. All modern machinery.—Moso Ailawny, l’ropn Ashdown, Arkansas.
D. H. TOMPKINS “The Agency of Service” Oldest, Largest and Best In surance and Abstract Office in Little River County. -: Ashdown, Arkansas


{% extends "base.html" %} {% load static %} {% load widget_tweaks %} {% block title_block %} GoalPlanner - Intro {% endblock %} {% block body_block %}
The web app to set and track your goals
It's as simple as that!


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Using more than one SICStus run-time in a process is only supported when
the dynamic library version of the SICStus run-time is used (e.g,
sprt4-0-2.dll
, libsprt4-0-2.so
).
An application that wants to use more than one SICStus run-time needs to
be built using the --multi-sp-aware option to spld. C-code
compiled by spld --multi-sp-aware
will have the C preprocessor macro
MULTI_SP_AWARE
defined and non-zero.
Unlike the single run-time case described above, an application built with --multi-sp-aware will not have a global variable that holds the dispatch vector. Instead, your code will have to take steps to ensure that the appropriate dispatch vector is used when switching between SICStus run-times.
There are several steps needed to access a SICStus run-time from an application built with --multi-sp-aware.
SP_get_dispatch()
. Note that this function is special in
that it is not accessed through the dispatch vector; instead, it is
exported in the ordinary manner from the SICStus run-time dynamic
library (sprt4-0-2.dll
under Windows and, typically,
libsprt4-0-2.so
under UNIX).
SICStusDISPATCHVAR
expands to something that references the dispatch vector obtained in
step 1.
The C pre-processor macro SICStusDISPATCHVAR
should expand to a
SICSTUS_API_STRUCT_TYPE *
, that is, a pointer to the dispatch
vector that should be used. When --multi-sp-aware is not used
SICStusDISPATCHVAR
expands to sp_GlobalSICStus
as
described above. When using --multi-sp-aware it is
probably best to let SICStusDISPATCHVAR
expand to a local
variable.
SP_load_sicstus_run_time()
to
load additional run-times.
SICSTUS_API_STRUCT_TYPE *SP_get_dispatch(void *reserved);
SP_get_dispatch()
returns the dispatch vector of the SICStus
run-time. The argument reserved
should be NULL
. This
function can be called from any thread.
typedef SICSTUS_API_STRUCT_TYPE *SP_get_dispatch_type(void *); int SP_load_sicstus_run_time(SP_get_dispatch_type **ppfunc, void **phandle);
SP_load_sicstus_run_time()
loads a new SICStus
run-time. SP_load_sicstus_run_time()
returns zero if a new
run-time could not be loaded. If a new run-time could be loaded a
non-zero value is returned and the address of the
SP_get_dispatch()
function of the newly loaded SICStus run-time
is stored at the address ppfunc
. The second argument,
phandle
, is reserved and should be NULL
.
As a special case, if SP_load_sicstus_run_time()
is called from a
SICStus run-time that has not been initialized (with
SP_initialize()
) and that has not previously been loaded as the
result of calling SP_load_sicstus_run_time()
, no new run-time
is loaded. Instead, the SP_get_dispatch()
of the run-time itself is
returned. In particular, the first time SP_load_sicstus_run_time()
is called on the initial SICStus run-time, and if this happens before
the initial SICStus run-time is initialized, no new run-time is
loaded.
Calling SP_load_sicstus_run_time()
from a particular run-time can
be done from any thread.
An application that links statically with the SICStus run-time should
not call SP_load_sicstus_run_time()
.
You should not use pre-linked foreign resources when using multiple SICStus run-times in the same process.


College Football Playoff picks after Week 13
by ESPNNo. 6 Oregon had a brief stay in our football writers' weekly votes for the teams that should be in the College Football Playoff right now.
The Ducks were upset by Arizona State on Saturday, 31-28, coming up short in a wild second-half comeback.
They had received votes from four of our writers last week.
The nation's top four teams escaped any Week 13 surprises.
No. 1 LSU overcame a slow start -- the Tigers led only 7-3 after one quarter -- to roll over Arkansas 56-20. Joe Burrow threw for 327 yards and three TDs.
No. 2 Ohio State held off No. 8 Penn State 28-17, with the Nittany Lions scoring all their points in the third quarter.
J.K. Dobbins rushed for 157 yards and two touchdowns, and Justin Fields threw for 188 yards and two scores for the Buckeyes.
| Team (Record) | Votes |
|---|---|
| LSU (11-0) | 11/11 |
| Clemson (11-0) | 11/11 |
| Ohio State (11-0) | 11/11 |
| Georgia (10-1) | 7/11 |
| Utah (10-1) | 2/11 |
| Oklahoma (10-1) | 2/11 |
No. 4 Georgia had just enough offense to beat Texas A&M 19-13. Rodrigo Blankenship had four field goals for the Bulldogs.
No. 3 Clemson was off on Saturday.
Here's how our writers see the playoff field after Week 13. (Note: These are not their projections for how the season will end.)
Andrea Adelson: 1. LSU; 2. Clemson; 3. Ohio State; 4. Georgia
Edward Aschoff: 1. LSU; 2. Ohio State; 3. Clemson; 4. Georgia
Kyle Bonagura: 1. LSU; 2. Ohio State; 3. Clemson; 4. Utah
Bill Connelly: 1. Ohio State; 2. LSU; 3. Clemson; 4. Georgia
David Hale: 1. Ohio State; 2. LSU; 3. Clemson; 4. Georgia
Chris Low: 1. LSU; 2. Ohio State; 3. Clemson; 4. Georgia
Ivan Maisel: 1. Ohio State; 2. LSU; 3. Clemson; 4. Utah
Ryan McGee: 1. LSU; 2. Ohio State; 3. Clemson; 4. Oklahoma
Adam Rittenberg: 1. LSU; 2. Ohio State; 3. Clemson; 4. Georgia
Alex Scarborough: 1. LSU; 2. Ohio State; 3. Clemson; 4. Oklahoma
Mark Schlabach: 1. Ohio State; 2. LSU; 3. Clemson; 4. Georgia


The server encountered an unexpected condition which prevented it from fulfilling the request.
Last modified: Sat Jun 19 17:01:42 EDT 2010


Yoga is essentially a spiritual discipline based on an extremely subtle science, which focuses on bringing harmony between mind and body. It is an art and scince of healthy living. The word 'Yoga' is derived from the Sanskrit root 'Yuj', meaning 'to join' or 'to yoke' or 'to unite
Yoga is essentially a spiritual discipline based on an extremely subtle science, which focuses on bringing harmony between mind and body.
Read MoreYoga is essentially a spiritual discipline based on an extremely subtle science, which focuses on bringing harmony between mind and body.
Read MoreYoga is essentially a spiritual discipline based on an extremely subtle science, which focuses on bringing harmony between mind and body.
Read MoreYoga is essentially a spiritual discipline based on an extremely subtle science, which focuses on bringing harmony between mind and body.
Read More


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Please kindly contact<EMAIL_ADDRESS>the issue will be explained in more details.
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SPI
public final class SPI
SPI is a four wire serial protocol for communication between devices.
-
Initialize a specified interface for SPI communication as a master device.
Usage Example
// Initialize a SPI interface SPI0. let spi = SPI(Id.SPI0)
Declaration
Swift
public init(_ id: IdName, speed: Int = 1000000)
Parameters
id
REQUIRED The name of the SPI interface.
speed
OPTIONAL The clock speed used to control the data transmission.
-
Get the current clock speed of SPI communication.
Declaration
Swift
public func getSpeed() -> Int
Return Value
The current clock speed.
-
Set the speed of SPI communication.
Declaration
Swift
public func setSpeed(_ speed: Int)
Parameters
speed
The clock speed used to control the data transmission.
-
Read a byte of data from the slave device.
Declaration
Swift
@inline(__always) public func readByte() -> UInt8
Return Value
One 8-bit binary number receiving from the slave device.
-
Read an array of data from the slave device.
Declaration
Swift
@inline(__always) public func read(count: Int) -> [UInt8]
Parameters
count
The number of bytes receiving from the slave device.
Return Value
An array of 8-bit binary numbers receiving from the slave device.
-
Write a byte of data to the slave device.
Declaration
Swift
@inline(__always) public func write(_ byte: UInt8)
Parameters
byte
One 8-bit binary number to be sent to the slave device.
-
Write an array of data to the slave device.
Declaration
Swift
@inline(__always) public func write(_ data: [UInt8])
Parameters
data
A byte array to be sent to the slave device.
-
Write raw data to the slave device.
Declaration
Swift
@inline(__always) public func write(_ data: UnsafeRawBufferPointer)
Parameters
data
Raw data to be sent to the slave device.


After a recent run of fairly crap, hard to get herb round our way we read about this stuff on the net, so we headed off to the local headshop to see what they had in stock, as it happened they had 3g bags of spice diamond at £25, so we bought a bag without too many expectations.
We got home and my mate skinned one up, the smell was an odd one, somewhat like opening a jamaica ginger cake, very sweet indeed. So after a few tokes I notice a slight light-headedness and feel a little heavy, not unlike the herb itself, after finishing the spliff we decided to smoke a few bongs which went down very nicely, smoother than ganja.
A few bowls in on the bong and we were thoroughly baked, a heavy back of the brain body stone that made me want to sit down and not get up again for a long time. We proceeded to smoke the rest of the bag over the day in bongs and pure spliffs and were pretty pleased with the results overall, not quite as satisfying taste or smell wise as ganja but certainly a very good alternative and its made a believer out of me.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


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§206E-122 Loans; insurance and guarantees. The authority may procure insurance or guarantees against any default of its loans, in amounts and from insurers or guarantors, as it deems necessary or desirable. [L 1982, c 228, pt of §8]


|
QuantLib: a free/open-source library for quantitative finance
Fully annotated sources - version 1.30
|
Abstract boundary condition class for finite difference problems. More...
#include <ql/methods/finitedifferences/boundarycondition.hpp>
Public Types | |
| enum | Side { None , Upper , Lower } |
| typedef Operator | operator_type |
| typedef Operator::array_type | array_type |
Public Member Functions | |
| virtual | ~BoundaryCondition ()=default |
| virtual void | applyBeforeApplying (operator_type &) const =0 |
| virtual void | applyAfterApplying (array_type &) const =0 |
| virtual void | applyBeforeSolving (operator_type &, array_type &rhs) const =0 |
| virtual void | applyAfterSolving (array_type &) const =0 |
| virtual void | setTime (Time t)=0 |
Abstract boundary condition class for finite difference problems.
Definition at line 35 of file boundarycondition.hpp.
| typedef Operator operator_type |
Definition at line 38 of file boundarycondition.hpp.
| typedef Operator::array_type array_type |
Definition at line 39 of file boundarycondition.hpp.
| enum Side |
| Enumerator | |
|---|---|
| None | |
| Upper | |
| Lower |
Definition at line 41 of file boundarycondition.hpp.
|
virtualdefault |
|
pure virtual |
This method modifies an operator \( L \) before it is applied to an array \( u \) so that \( v = Lu \) will satisfy the given condition.
Implemented in FdmDirichletBoundary, FdmDiscountDirichletBoundary, FdmTimeDepDirichletBoundary, NeumannBC, and DirichletBC.
|
pure virtual |
This method modifies an array \( u \) so that it satisfies the given condition.
|
pure virtual |
This method modifies an operator \( L \) before the linear system \( Lu' = u \) is solved so that \( u' \) will satisfy the given condition.
|
pure virtual |
This method modifies an array \( u \) so that it satisfies the given condition.
|
pure virtual |
This method sets the current time for time-dependent boundary conditions.
Implemented in NeumannBC, DirichletBC, FdmDirichletBoundary, FdmDiscountDirichletBoundary, and FdmTimeDepDirichletBoundary.


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{% extends "base.html" %} {% load bootstrap3 tournament_extras %} {% block title %}Scheduling - {{ league.name }}{% endblock %} {% block content %}
This link is invalid or expired.
{% elif not player %}Sorry, you must be registered in order to use this page.
{% else %}Welcome, {{ username }}!
{% endif %}


--- layout: default --- Information about the Dash project, a data sharing platform being developed by the UC3 group at the CDL and its partners. For more information, email us at uc3@ucop.edu.


reticulate R package & Travis
I like to use Travis CI with my R packages. I recently wrote a R package, limmbo2
, that is a wrapper for the python module limmbo
. I used the R package reticulate
, from Rstudio. I struggled for about 3 hours to write a .travis.yml
file for limmbo2
. Finally, I found a viable solution. I’m writing this blog post in hopes that it might be useful to myself and others in the future.
Why is using Travis CI potentially tricky for packages that use reticulate
?
reticulate
has python dependencies, so you have to ensure that any python modules that your package (or reticulate
) uses are installed properly when Travis CI runs. Furthermore, the authors of the limmbo
python module recommend that you use conda
to install limmbo
. This means that I needed to install conda
on Travis CI. Fortunately, a web search turned up some useful yaml. I decided to set the python version variable to 2.7. I didn’t want to use python3, largely because I’ve really only worked with python2 in the past.
What is a solution to this?
Even though I haven’t yet written unit tests for limmbo2
, I’m excited to have a .travis.yml file that results in a passing build on Travis CI.
Here is the .travis.yml file.
Caution
I need to caution readers that I haven’t verified that every line of my .travis.yml is needed. Rather, I just know that the current version yields a passing build.
If you have ideas for how I might improve the .travis.yml file, please write them in the comments, or submit a pull request.
Thanks!


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Symbollic Logic
by Lewis Carroll
“Book 6: Chapter 3”
Additional Information
- Year Published: 1896
- Language: English
- Country of Origin: United States of America
- Source: Carroll, L. (1896). Symbollic Logic. New York; Macmillan & Co.
-
Readability:
- Flesch–Kincaid Level: 10.5
- Word Count: 4,964
- Genre: Informational
- Keywords: math history, mathematics
- ✎ Cite This
Downloads
CHAPTER III.
SYLLOGISMS.
Section 1. Representation of Syllogisms.
We already know how to represent each of the three Pro- positions of a Syllogisms in subscript form. When that is done, all we need, besides, is to write the three expressions in a row, with ”Ü” between the Premisses, and ”∂” before the Conclusion.
[Thus the Syllogism
“No x are m’;
All m are y.
.*. No x are y’.”
may be represented thus:–>
xm’0 Ü m1y’0 ∂ xy’0
When a Proposition has to be translated from concrete form into subscript form, the Reader will find it convenient, just at first, to translate it into abstract form, and thence into subscript form. But, after a little practice, he will find it quite easy to go straight from concrete form to subscript form.]
Section 2. Formulae for solving Problems in Syllogisms.
When once we have found, by Diagrams, the Conclusion to a given Pair of Premisses, and have represented the Syllogism in subscript form, we have a Formula, by which we can at once find, without having to use Diagrams again, the Conclusion to any other Pair of Premisses having the same subscript forms.
[Thus, the expression
xm0 Ü ym’0 ∂ xy0
is a Formula, by which we can find the Conclusion to any Pair of Premisses whose subscript forms are
xm0 Ü ym’0
For example, suppose we had the Pair of Propositions
“No gluttons are healthy;
No unhealthy men are strong”.
proposed as Premisses. Taking “men” as our ‘Universe, and making m = healthy; x = gluttons; y = strong; we might translate the Pair into abstract form, thus:–>
“No x are m;
No m’ are y.”
These, in subscript form would be
xm0 Ü m’y0
which are identical with those in our Formula. Hence we at once know the Conclusion to be
xy0
that is, in abstract form,
“No x are y”;
that is, in concrete form,
“No gluttons are strong”]
I shall now take three different forms of Pairs of Pre- misses, and work out their Conclusions, once for all, by Diagrams; and thus obtain some useful Formulae. I shall call them “Fig. I”, “Fig. II”, and “Fig. III”.
Fig. I.
This includes any Pair of Premisses which are both of them Nullities, and which contain Unlike Eliminands.
The simplest case is
xm0 Ü ym'0
--------------- -------
|(0) | | |(0)| |
| ---|--- | |---|---|
| |(0)|(0)| | | | |
|---|---|---|---| -------
| | | | |
| ---|--- | .*. xy0
|(0) | |
---------------
In this case we see that the Conclusion is a Nullity, and that the Retinends have kept their Signs.
And we should find this Rule to hold good with any Pair of Premisses which fulfil the given conditionds.
[The Reader had better satisfy himself of this, by working out, on Diagrams, several varieties, such as
m1×0 Ü ym’0 (which ∂ xy0)
xm’0 Ü m1y0 (which ∂ xy0)
x’m0 Ü ym’0 (which ∂ x’y0)
m’1x’0 Ü m1y’0 (which ∂ x’y’0).]
If either Retinend is asserted in the Premisses to exist, of course it may be so asserted in the Conclusion.
Hence we get two Variants of Fig. I, viz.
(a) where one Retinend is so asserted;
(B) where both are so asserted.
[The Reader had better work out, on Diagrams, examples of these two Variants, such as
m1×0 Ü y1m’0 (which proves y1×0)
x1m’0 Ü m1y0 (which proves x1y0)
x’1m0 Ü y1m’0 (which proves x’1y0 Ü y1x’0).]
The Formula, to be remembered, is
xm0 Ü ym’0 ∂ xy0
with the following two Rules:–>
(1) Two Nullities, with Unlike Eliminends, yield a Nullity, in which both Retinends keep their Signs.
(2) A Retinend, asserted in the Premisses to exist, may be so asserted in the Conclusion.
{Note that Rule (1) is merely the Formula expressed in words.]
Fig. II.
This includes any Pair of Premisses, of which one is a Nullity and the other an Entity, and which contain Like Eliminands.
The simplest case is
xm0 Ü ym1
--------------- -------
| | | | | |
| ---|--- | |---|---|
| |(0)|(0)| | |(1)| |
|---|---|---|---| -------
| |(1)| | |
| ---|--- | .*. x'y1
| | |
---------------
In this case we see that the Conclusion is an Entity, and that the Nuliity-Retinend has changed its Sign.
And we should find this Rule to hold good with any Pair of Premisses which fulfil the given conditions.
[The Reader had better satisfy himself of this, by working out, on Diagrams, several varieties, such as
x’m0 Ü ym1 (which ∂ xy1)
x1m’0 Ü y’m’1 (which ∂ x’y’1)
m1×0 Ü y’m1 (which ∂ x’y’1).]
The Formula, to be remembered, is,
xm0 Ü ym1 ∂ x’y1
with the following Rule:–>
A Nullity and an Entity, with Like Eliminands, yield a Entity, in which the Nullity-Retinend changes its Sign.
[Note that this Rule is merely the Formula expressed in words.]
Fig. III.
This includes any Pair of Premisses which are both of them Nullities, and which contain Like Eliminands asserted to exist.
The simplest case is
xm0 Ü ym0 Ü m1
[Note that “m1” is here stated separately, because it does not matter in which of the two Premisses it occurs: so that this includes the three forms “m1×0 Ü ym0”, “xm0 Ü m1y0”, and “m1×0 Ü m1y0”.]
--------------- -------
| | | | | |
| ---|--- | |---|---|
| |(0)|(0)| | | |(1)|
|---|---|---|---| -------
| |(0)|(1)| |
| ---|--- | .*. x'y'1
| | |
---------------
In this case we see that the Conclusion is an Entity, and that both Retinends have changed their Signs.
And we should find this Rule to hold good with any Pair of Premisses which fulfil the given conditions.
[The Reader had better satisfy himself of this, by working out, on Diagrams, several varieties, such as
x’m0 Ü m1y0 (which ∂ xy’1)
m’1×0 Ü m’y’0 (which ∂ x’y1)
m1x’0 Ü m1y’0 (which ∂ xy1).]
The Formula, to be remembered, is
xm0 Ü ym0 Ü m1 ∂ x’y’1
with the following Rule (which is merely the Formula ex- pressed in words):–>
Two Nullities, with Like Eliminands asserted to exist, yield an Entity, in which both Retinends change their Signs.
In order to help the Reader to remember the peculiarities and Formulae of these three Figures, I will put them all to- gether in one Table.
TABLE IX.
_____________________________________________________________
| |
| Fig. I. |
| |
| xm0 Ü ym'0 ∂ xy0 |
| |
| Two Nullities, with Unlike Eliminands, yield a Nullity, |
| in which both Retinends keep their Signs. |
| A Retinend, asserted in the Premisses to exist, may |
| be so asserted in the Conclusion. |
|-------------------------------------------------------------|
| Fig. II. |
| |
| xm0 Ü ym1 ∂ x'y1 |
| |
| A Nullity and an Entity, with Like Eliminands, |
| yield an Entity, in which the Nullity-Retinend changes |
| its Sign. |
|-------------------------------------------------------------|
| Fig. III. |
| |
| xm0 Ü ym0 Ü m1 ∂ x'y'1 |
| |
| Two Nullities, with Like Eliminands asserted to exist, |
| yield an Entity, in which both Retinends change their |
| Signs. |
|_____________________________________________________________|
I will now work out, by these Formulae, as models for the Reader to imitate, some Problems in Syllogisms which have been already worked, by Diagrams, in Book V., Chap. II.
(1)[see p. 64] “No son of mine is dishonest; People always treat an honest man with respect.”
Univ. “men”; m = honest; x = my sons; y = treated with respect.
xm’0 Ü m1y’0 ∂ xy’0 [Fig. I.
i.e. “No son of mine ever fails to be treated with respect.”
(2)[see p. 64] “All cats understand French;
Some chickens are cats.”
Univ. “creatures”; m = cats; x = understanding French y = chickens
m1x’0 Ü ym1 ∂ xy1 [Fig II.
“Some chickens understand French.”
(3)[see p. 64] “All diligent students are successful;
All ignorant students are unsuccessful.”
Univ. “students”; m = successful; x = diligent; y = ignorant.
x1m’0 Ü y1m0 ∂ x1y0 Ü y1×0 [Fig. I(B).

Some strong men are brave.”
Univ. “men”; m = soldiers; x = strong; y = brave.
m1x’0 Ü m1y’0 ∂ xy1 [Fig. III.
Hence proposed Conclusion is right.
(5)[see p. 67] “I admire these pictures;
When I admire anything, I wish to examine it thoroughly.
I wish to examine some of these pictures thoroughly.”
Univ. “things”; m = admired by me; x = these; y = things which I wish to examine thoroughly.
x1m’0 Ü m1y’0 ∂ x1y’0 [Fig I(a).
Hence proposed Conclusion, xy1, is incomplete, the complete one being “I wish to examine all these pictures thoroughly.”
(6)[see p. 67] “None but the brave deserve the fair;
Some braggarts are cowards.
Some braggarts do not deserve the fair.”
Univ. “persons”; m = brave; x = deserving of the fair; y = braggarts.
m’x0 Ü ym’1 ∂ x’y1 [Fig. II.
Hence proposed Conclusion is right.
(7)[see p. 69] “No one, who means to go by the train and cannot get a conveyance, and has not enough time to walk to the station, can do without running;
This party of tourist mean to go by the train and cannot get a conveyance, but they have plenty of time to walk to the station.
This party of tourists need not run.”
Univ. “persons meaning to go by the train, and unable to get a conveyance”;
m = having enough time to walk to th station;
x = needing to run; y = these tourists.
m’x’0 Ü y1m’0 do not come under any of the three Figures.
Hence it is necessary to return to the Method of Diagrams, as shown at p. 69.
Hence there is no Conclusion.
Section 3.
Fallacies.
Any argument which deceives us, by seeming to prove what it does not really prove, may be called a ‘Fallacy’ (derived from the Latin verb fallo “I deceive”): but the particular kind, to be now discussed, consists of a Pair of Propositions, which are proposed as the Premisses of a Syllogism, but yield no Conclusion.
When each of the proposed Premisses is a Proposition in I, or E, or A, (the only kinds with which we are now con- cerned,) the Fallacy may be detected by the ‘Method of Diagrams,’ by simply setting them out on a Triliteral Diagram, and observing that they yield no information which can be transferred to the Biliteral Diagram.
But suppose we were working by the ‘Method of Subscripts,’ and had to deal with a Pair of proposed Premisses, which happened to be a ‘Fallacy,’ how could we be certain that they would not yield any Conclusion?
Our best plan is, I think, to deal with Fallacies in the same was as we have already dealt with Syllogisms: that is, to take certain forms of Pairs of Propositions, and to work
them out, once for all, on the Triliteral Diagram, and ascer- tain that they yield no Conclusion; and then to record them, for future use, as Formulae for Fallacies, just as we have already recorded our three Formulae for Syllogisms.
Now, if we were to record the two Sets of Formulae in the same shape, viz. by the Method of Subscripts, there would be considerable risk of confusing the two kinds. Hence, in order to keep them distinct, I propose to record the Formulae for Fallacies in words, and to call them “Forms” instead of “Formulae.”
Let us now proced to find, by the Method of Diagrams, three “Forms of Fallacies,” which we will then put on record for future use. They are as follows:–>
(1) Fallacy of Like Eliminands not asserted to exist.
(2) Fallacy of Unlike Eliminands with an Entity-Premiss.
(3) Fallacy of two Entity-Premisses.
These shall be discussed separately, and it will be seen that each fails to yield a Conclusion
(1) Fallacy of Like Eliminands not asserted to exist.
It is evident that neither of the given Propositions can be an Entity, since that kind asserts the existence of both of its Terms (see p. 20). Hence they must both be Nullities.
Hence the given Pair may be represented by (xm0 Ü ym0), with or without x1, y1.

Here the given Pair may be represented by (xm0 Ü ym’1) with or without x1 or m1.

Here the given Pair may be represented by either (xm1 Ü ym1) or (xm1 Ü ym’1).
 Method of proceeding with a given Pair of Propositions.
Let us suppose that we have before us a Pair of Propositions of Relation, which contain between them a Pair of codivisional Classes, and that we wish to ascertain what Conclusion, if any, is consequent from them. We translate them, if necessary, into subscript-form, and then proceed as follows:–
(1) We examine their Subscripts, in order to see whether they are
(a) a Pair of Nullities;
or (b) a Nullity and an Entity;
or© a Pair of Entities.
(2) If they are a Pair of Nullities, we examine their Eliminands, in order to see whether they are Unlike or Like.
If their Eliminands are Unlike, it is a case of Fig. I. We then examine their Retinends, to see whether one or both of them are asserted to exist. If one Retinend is so asserted, it is a case of Fig. I(a); if both, its a case of Fig. I(B).
If their Eliminands are Like, we examine them, in order to see whether either of them is asserted to exist. If so, it is a case of Fig. III.; if not, it is a case of “Fallacy of Like Eliminands not asserted to exist.”
(3) If they are a Nullity and an Entity, we examine their Eliminands, in order to see whether they are Like or Unlike.
If their Eliminands are Like, it is a case of Fig. II.; if Unlike, it is a case of “Fallacy of Unlike Eliminands with an Entity-Premiss.”
(4) If they are a Pair of Entities, it is a case of “Fallacy of two Entity-Premisses.”


The solution can be found here.
First notice N can only be up to 100, so this screams a O(n^4) algorithm. We can use this to brute force all of the corner points of the subrectangle. However after this, we do not have the time limit to loop through another time. This hints some precalculation.
Let there be two grids, the original grid v and another grid b. If v[i][j] >= K, b[i][j] = 1, else set it to 0. Now this turns into a basic 2d prefix sums problem.
A subrectangle is valid if the precalculated sum of the the subrectangle is >= T and the sum for grid b is equal to its area.
Therefore its sum can be precalculated in O(n^2) and check all subrectangles in O(n^4)
For every query, we are checking each subarray and determining whether it's possible to fill a chosen subarray with the number x with at most y replacements. For each query, the naive approach is to loop through every possible subarray and check if the number of elements in the subarray not equal to x is at most y. However, O(n^2*q) is too slow.
Solution 1: Precomputation with Brute Force
The constraints for N and x are small, but the number of queries is big. This signals some precomputation. Specifically, for every possibility of x we can precompute the answer for y. Let mx[max(x)+1][N] be a 2d array. The first dimension will be for the value of x you are computing, and the second dimension is the number of elements you are replacing, and let it's value be the length of the longest subarray that it satisfies. We can compute the array by looping through every x and every possible subarray. Afterwards for each x, take the prefix max, since the answer for a greater y cannot be smaller than a query with a smaller y with the same x. We can answer queries in O(1) time using mx[x][y]. Complexity is O(n^2*x + q)
Solution 2: Sliding Window
For every query, we can use sliding window to find the longest subarray that has at most y elements that are not equal to x. This is pretty standard. Complexity is O(nq). Implementation in C++ for this solution is here.
Believe it or not, but this is a graph problem! Hear me out, Let the nodes of the graph be numbers that satisfy the adjacent numbers requirement. We can build the nodes in order and as we go using our favorite graph traversal algorithm: BFS!
Let the current node be x. We can build edges that will connect x to larger valid numbers. Let v be the last digit of x:
if v >= 2: add an edge between x and x*10 + v-2
if v >= 1: add an edge between x and x*10 + v-1
add an edge between x and x * 10 + v
if v <= 8: add an edge between x and x*10 + v+1
if v <= 9: add an edge between x and x*10 + v+2
Now, x is connected to all valid numbers that you can establish from its digits and are bigger. We can use BFS to traverse the nodes in increasing order. First, add numbers 1 to 9 to the queue since they will always be valid. Also, make sure you are adding the edges in order from smallest to greatest.
The N'th node you access is the answer.
Complexity: O(N)
WILL BE HERE SOON


Demo of
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Simple barebones project to show share counts from various social networks.
Code
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Replaces a character literal with the equivalent single character string literal. Only characters used in concatenations or other similar contexts can be changed with this intention.


When are the College Football Playoff rankings released? Time, channel for CFP selection show after Week 12
by Zac Al-KhateebThe top four teams in the third set of College Football Playoff rankings should look similar to the second.
LSU, Ohio State, Clemson and Georgia each took care of business in their respective games on Saturday, with the lone one-possession win (a 21-14 victory for Georgia) coming over a top-15 team in Auburn. There's the possibility the ordering is different, but it's more likely the selection committee holds serve and keeps the top four teams the same.
MORE: Why Alabama will (or won't) make the Playoff
It's what happens outside the top four that will be more interesting to monitor. Alabama, ranked No. 5 in the second set of rankings, could drop further down the poll after the loss of starting quarterback Tua Tagovailoa, despite a 38-7 win over Mississippi State. Losses suffered by previously undefeated Baylor and Minnesota will need to be parsed through as well.
That said, here's everything you need to know to tune in to the third set of College Football Playoff rankings show:
What time are the College Football Playoff rankings released?
- Date: Tuesday, Nov. 19
- Start time: 7 p.m. ET
The College Football Playoff will unveil its second set rankings at 7 p.m. ET on Tuesday, Nov. 12. The rankings normally will be released at 7 p.m. ET every Tuesday until the end of the season. The final set will be released at noon on Sunday, Dec. 8.
CFP rankings schedule 2019
The College Football Playoff rankings will be released on five consecutive Tuesdays from Nov. 5 to Dec. 3. The final rankings will be unveiled Dec. 8, the day after conference championship games are played.
Here is a look at the schedule:
| Date | Time |
| Tuesday, Nov. 5 | 9-9:30 p.m. ET |
| Tuesday, Nov. 12 | 7-8 p.m. ET |
| Tuesday, Nov. 19 | 7-8 p.m. ET |
| Tuesday, Nov. 26 | 7-8 p.m. ET |
| Tuesday, Dec. 3 | 7-7:30 p.m. ET |
| Sunday, Dec. 8 | Noon-4 p.m. ET |
CFP selection show channel, how to watch
- TV channel: ESPN
- Live stream: WatchESPN
Each and every unveiling of the Playoff rankings will take place on ESPN and can be livestreamed on WatchESPN.
The second set of rankings will air at 7 p.m. ET. The "College GameDay" crew of Rece Davis, Kirk Herbstreit, Jesse Palmer and Joey Galloway will reveal the committee’s weekly rankings of the season. CFP committee chairman Rob Mullens will then join the show to discuss the rankings.
Week-by-week Playoff rankings:
| Week 10 | No. 1 Ohio State | No. 2 LSU | No. 3 Alabama | No. 4 Penn State |
| Week 11 | No. 1 LSU | No. 2 Ohio State | No. 3 Clemson | No. 4 Georgia |
Projected CFP rankings: Who are the top four teams in college football?
1. LSU (10-0)
2. Ohio State (10-0)
3. Clemson (11-0)
4. Georgia (9-1)
According to both SN's Week 13 college football rankings and Playoff picture, the top four will be No. 1 LSU, No. 2 Ohio State, No. 3 Clemson and No. 4 Georgia, with Oregon and Alabama as the first teams out.


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Catherine Wangui is the founder of InstaFood, she is a 22 year old Enterpreneur
She has been rated in the 30 under 30.
Catherine has been awarded the The CEO of the year.
She has navigated the company that she founded in her collage room to one of the biggest food social media in the history of tech companies; then led it past one billion active users; and now she’s been named the CEO of the year at the 6th annual Crunchies: a big congratulations to Catherine Wangui, CEO of InstaFood.
Lewis Mutuma is the Co-Founder of InstaFood company, He is a 19 year old.
Lewis has been awarded the "Misinformer of the Year."
That's the title given to the social media mastermind from Media Matters for Africa, a progressive media watchdog group that tracks conservative news outlets.
Maxwell is the Managing Director in InstaFood co. he is 25 years old.
His great knowledge has led to the growth of IntaFood to multi-Million dollar generating company
Kalama Nadey is the assistant Managing Director of InstaFood co. He is a 39 year old man with a great working experience.
Kalama comes from The united States of America.
He has been awardedthe "Person of the Year".
Person of the Year is an annual issue of the United States news magazine Time that features and profiles a person, a group, an idea, or an object that "for better or for worse... has done the most to influence the events of the year".
Margaret Wairimu is the Managing Director in InstaFood co. She is 27 years old.
His great knowledge has led to the growth of IntaFood to multi-Million dollar generating company


Class DenseVector<T>
A vector with real values
Implements
Inherited Members
Namespace: SpiceSharp.Algebra
Assembly: SpiceSharp.dll
Syntax
public class DenseVector<T> : Vector<T>, IFormattable where T : IFormattable
Type Parameters
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| T | The base value type. |
Remarks
The element at index 0 is considered a "trashcan" element under the hood, consistent to SparseMatrix<T>. This doesn't really make a difference for indexing the vector, but it does give different meanings to the length of the vector.
This vector does not automatically expand size if necessary. Under the hood it is basically just an array.
Constructors
DenseVector(T[])
Initializes a new instance of the DenseVector<T> class.
Declaration
protected DenseVector(T[] values)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| T[] | values | Values of the vector. |
Remarks
The value at index 0 is considered the trashcan element. The length of the vector is therefore considered to be the array length - 1.
DenseVector(Int32)
Initializes a new instance of the DenseVector<T> class.
Declaration
public DenseVector(int length)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| System.Int32 | length | The length of the vector. |
Properties
Item[Int32]
Gets or sets the value at the specified index.
Declaration
public override T this[int index] { get; set; }
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| System.Int32 | index | The index in the vector. |
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| T | The value at the specified index. |
Overrides
Remarks
The element at index 0 is considered a trash can element. Use indices ranging 1 to the vector length.
Methods
CopyFrom(DenseVector<T>)
Copy contents from another vector.
Declaration
public void CopyFrom(DenseVector<T> vector)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| DenseVector<T> | vector | Source vector. |
CopyTo(DenseVector<T>)
Copies contents to another vector.
Declaration
public void CopyTo(DenseVector<T> vector)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| DenseVector<T> | vector | The target vector. |
ToString()
Returns a System.String that represents this instance.
Declaration
public override string ToString()
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.String | A System.String that represents this instance. |
Overrides
ToString(String, IFormatProvider)
Returns a System.String that represents this instance.
Declaration
public string ToString(string format, IFormatProvider formatProvider)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| System.String | format | The format for each element of the vector. |
| System.IFormatProvider | formatProvider | The format provider for each element of the vector. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.String | A System.String that represents this instance. |


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| Interface Summary | |
|---|---|
| Handler | A handler is just something that processes an XML message. |
| HandlerSupport | Provides handlers to an invocation. |
| Class Summary | |
|---|---|
| AbstractHandler | |
| AbstractHandlerSupport | |
| CustomFaultHandler | Builds up a custom detail element from an exception. |
| DefaultFaultHandler | Responsible for taking an exception, turning it into a Fault, then sending (and logging) that fault to the appropriate location. |
| DispatchServiceHandler | Reads in the message body using the service binding. |
| HandlerOrderer | |
| HandlerPipeline | |
| LocateBindingHandler | Finds the appropriate binding to use when invoking a service. |
| OutMessageSender | Sends messages out via the out channel on the message exchange. |
| Phase |
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A star-studded awards show wouldn’t be complete without a selection of savory snacks. From simple to sophisticated, here’s a *toast* to the recipes that will earn you all the watch-party cred this weekend.
For anyone whose minds and hearts are mostly dominated by your stomachs, a delicious and satisfying dish could lighten up even the darkest of days in just a flick. The obsession in the food is observed to be much more evident in today’s times having all of the recipe books, tv cooking shows as well as the cooking sites. And how could you forget about all those big figures which basically inspire how we prepare food, eat and even think? That’s right, the chefs! Chefs are the people driving the craze of food and unquestionably they dominate the culinary world.
Sushi has been around for a surprisingly long period of time, although not in its present form. The history of sushi is an interesting tale of the evolution of a simple dish. What was to become sushi was first mentioned in China in the second century A.D. Originally, sushi arose out of a way of preserving food. Fish was placed in rice and allowed to ferment, which allowed an individual to keep the fish edible for some time. The rice was thrown away and the fish was eaten when needed or wanted.
Mexico is among the countries with the best cuisine in the world. Mexican cuisine is characterized by flavorful ingredients such as corn, chili peppers, tomatoes, cocoa, and vanilla. Mexican food also has a reputation for being spicy. The food is an important aspect of the culture, social structure and popular traditions of Mexico. Here are some of the most popular Mexican food:


[gecode-users] optimising with 'constrain'
Andrea Rendl
andrea.rendl at gmail.com
Fri Sep 5 10:52:28 CEST 2008
Hi Guido,
Yes, that was the problem - thanks a lot for the quick reply!
Cheers,
Andrea
2008/9/4 Guido Tack <tack at ps.uni-sb.de>:
> Hi!
>
> Did you instantiate the BAB search engine instead of DFS? DFS will not call
> the constrain method. Have a look at golomb-ruler.cc, for example.
>
> Cheers,
> Guido
>
> Andrea Rendl wrote:
>
>> Hello everybody,
>>
>> I'm trying to minimise a variable in my problem instance by adding the
>> following method (as member of my problem class that inherits from
>> Example):
>>
>> void
>> constrain(Space* s) {
>> rel(this, variable, IRT_LE,
>> static_cast<ProblemModel*>(s)->variable.val());
>> }
>>
>> However, it has no effect: whenever I run the instance it gives me all
>> possible solutions, ignoring the minimisation constraint. I compared
>> my instance to some of the optimisation problems in the examples/
>> directory and could not see any difference. Do you have any idea what
>> I could have done wrong? When and where is 'constrain' called? I could
>> not find a description in the documentation...
>>
>> Thanks for your help,
>> Andrea
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Gecode users mailing list
>> users at gecode.org
>> https://www.gecode.org/mailman/listinfo/gecode-users
>
>
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Emmerdale's Lucy Pargeter hints Chas and Paddy will split up
Chas and Paddy recently had a daughter together
by Charlotte RodriguesActress Lucy Pargeter, who plays Chas Dingle in Emmerdale, has hinted her alter ego will split from boyfriend Paddy Kirk in the future.
After a terrible time last year losing their baby daughter Grace, the couple were finally brought some happiness as their daughter Eve was born last month.
However, despite their joy at having a newborn, it looks like there could be trouble ahead for the pair.
Speaking to Inside Soap, Lucy hinted Chas and Paddy could be heading for a break-up.
She said: "Once it's seen that an audience likes a couple together, then there's nothing better than to see them possibly split, then rejoin.
"So who knows what the powers that be have planned!"
She added: "At the moment they seem to be doing okay. I think they'll be strong and open."
Lucy then went onto discuss how the arrival of little Eve could bring some turbulence into their relationship.
She said: "A new baby in any relationship is bound to be a test, but I think Chas and Paddy will support each other through it. Hopefully it will go smoothly for them."
Since the birth and death of baby Grace, the couple have managed to form a strong partnership.
Read More: Emmerdale fans convinced Wendy will move to the village to steal Victoria's baby
Lucy continued: "I think it's cemented them more.
"They experienced an awful event and then shared being pregnant again, and welcomed a healthy baby into the world.
"I think it either makes you stronger or tears you apart. They're a lot stronger now than they were before Grace."
Although things seem to be going well with her with Paddy, Chas's relationship with her cousin and business partner Charity appears to be falling apart.
Read More: Emmerdale SPOILERS: Jacob accused of raping paedo Maya's stepdaughter Leanna
After Charity's son Moses was kidnapped whilst he was supposed to be in the care of Chas's brother Cain, Charity was left furious.
Although the little boy was eventually returned unharmed, Charity blamed Cain and Chas's son Aaron for getting Moses wrapped up in their criminal activities.
With Chas defending her brother and son, Charity was left furious with her and their relationship seemingly unfixable.
Emmerdale airs weeknights at 7pm on ITV, with an extra episode at 8pm on Thursdays.
Leave us a comment on our Facebook page @EntertainmentDailyFix and let us know what you think!


Provides a set of methods for working with forms and especially forms related to objects assigned to the template. The following is an example of a complete form for a person object that works for both creates and updates built with all the form helpers. The @person object was assigned by an action on the controller:
<form action="save_person" method="post"> Name: <%= text_field "person", "name", "size" => 20 %> Password: <%= password_field "person", "password", "maxsize" => 20 %> Single?: <%= check_box "person", "single" %> Description: <%= text_area "person", "description", "cols" => 20 %> <input type="submit" value="Save"> </form>
…is compiled to:
<form action="save_person" method="post"> Name: <input type="text" id="person_name" name="person[name]" size="20" value="<%= @person.name %>" /> Password: <input type="password" id="person_password" name="person[password]" size="20" maxsize="20" value="<%= @person.password %>" /> Single?: <input type="checkbox" id="person_single" name="person[single]" value="1" /> Description: <textarea cols="20" rows="40" id="person_description" name="person[description]"> <%= @person.description %> </textarea> <input type="submit" value="Save"> </form>
If the object name contains square brackets the id for the object will be inserted. Example:
<%= text_field "person[]", "name" %>
…becomes:
<input type="text" id="person_<%= @person.id %>_name" name="person[<%= @person.id %>][name]" value="<%= @person.name %>" />
If the helper is being used to generate a repetitive sequence of similar form elements, for example in a partial used by render_collection_of_partials, the "index" option may come in handy. Example:
<%= text_field "person", "name", "index" => 1 %>
becomes
<input type="text" id="person_1_name" name="person[1][name]" value="<%= @person.name %>" />
There’s also methods for helping to build form tags in classes/ActionView/Helpers/FormOptionsHelper.html, classes/ActionView/Helpers/DateHelper.html, and classes/ActionView/Helpers/ActiveRecordHelper.html
- check_box
- fields_for
- file_field
- form_for
- hidden_field
- password_field
- radio_button
- text_area
- text_field
Returns a checkbox tag tailored for accessing a specified attribute (identified by method) on an object assigned to the template (identified by object). It’s intended that method returns an integer and if that integer is above zero, then the checkbox is checked. Additional options on the input tag can be passed as a hash with options. The checked_value defaults to 1 while the default unchecked_value is set to 0 which is convenient for boolean values. Usually unchecked checkboxes don’t post anything. We work around this problem by adding a hidden value with the same name as the checkbox.
Example (call, result). Imagine that @post.validated? returns 1:
check_box("post", "validated") <input type="checkbox" id="post_validate" name="post[validated]" value="1" checked="checked" /> <input name="post[validated]" type="hidden" value="0" />
Example (call, result). Imagine that @puppy.gooddog returns no:
check_box("puppy", "gooddog", {}, "yes", "no") <input type="checkbox" id="puppy_gooddog" name="puppy[gooddog]" value="yes" /> <input name="puppy[gooddog]" type="hidden" value="no" />
[ show source ]
# File vendor/rails/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb, line 207 207: def check_box(object_name, method, options = {}, checked_value = "1", unchecked_value = "0") 208: InstanceTag.new(object_name, method, self, nil, options.delete(:object)).to_check_box_tag(options, checked_value, unchecked_value) 209: end
Creates a scope around a specific model object like form_for, but doesn’t create the form tags themselves. This makes fields_for suitable for specifying additional model objects in the same form. Example:
<% form_for :person, @person, :url => { :action => "update" } do |person_form| %> First name: <%= person_form.text_field :first_name %> Last name : <%= person_form.text_field :last_name %> <% fields_for :permission, @person.permission do |permission_fields| %> Admin? : <%= permission_fields.check_box :admin %> <% end %> <% end %>
Note: This also works for the methods in FormOptionHelper and DateHelper that are designed to work with an object as base. Like collection_select and datetime_select.
[ show source ]
# File vendor/rails/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb, line 145 145: def fields_for(object_name, *args, &proc) 146: raise ArgumentError, "Missing block" unless block_given? 147: options = args.last.is_a?(Hash) ? args.pop : {} 148: object = args.first 149: yield((options[:builder] || FormBuilder).new(object_name, object, self, options, proc)) 150: end
Works just like text_field, but returns an input tag of the "file" type instead, which won’t have a default value.
[ show source ]
# File vendor/rails/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb, line 174 174: def file_field(object_name, method, options = {}) 175: InstanceTag.new(object_name, method, self, nil, options.delete(:object)).to_input_field_tag("file", options) 176: end
Creates a form and a scope around a specific model object, which is then used as a base for questioning about values for the fields. Examples:
<% form_for :person, @person, :url => { :action => "update" } do |f| %> First name: <%= f.text_field :first_name %> Last name : <%= f.text_field :last_name %> Biography : <%= f.text_area :biography %> Admin? : <%= f.check_box :admin %> <% end %>
Worth noting is that the form_for tag is called in a ERb evaluation block, not a ERb output block. So that’s <% %>, not <%= %>. Also worth noting is that the form_for yields a form_builder object, in this example as f, which emulates the API for the stand-alone FormHelper methods, but without the object name. So instead of text_field :person, :name, you get away with f.text_field :name.
That in itself is a modest increase in comfort. The big news is that form_for allows us to more easily escape the instance variable convention, so while the stand-alone approach would require text_field :person, :name, :object => person to work with local variables instead of instance ones, the form_for calls remain the same. You simply declare once with :person, person and all subsequent field calls save :person and :object => person.
Also note that form_for doesn’t create an exclusive scope. It’s still possible to use both the stand-alone FormHelper methods and methods from FormTagHelper. Example:
<% form_for :person, @person, :url => { :action => "update" } do |f| %> First name: <%= f.text_field :first_name %> Last name : <%= f.text_field :last_name %> Biography : <%= text_area :person, :biography %> Admin? : <%= check_box_tag "person[admin]", @person.company.admin? %> <% end %>
Note: This also works for the methods in FormOptionHelper and DateHelper that are designed to work with an object as base. Like collection_select and datetime_select.
Html attributes for the form tag can be given as :html => {…}. Example:
<% form_for :person, @person, :html => {:id => 'person_form'} do |f| %> ... <% end %>
You can also build forms using a customized FormBuilder class. Subclass FormBuilder and override or define some more helpers, then use your custom builder like so:
<% form_for :person, @person, :url => { :action => "update" }, :builder => LabellingFormBuilder do |f| %> <%= f.text_field :first_name %> <%= f.text_field :last_name %> <%= text_area :person, :biography %> <%= check_box_tag "person[admin]", @person.company.admin? %> <% end %>
In many cases you will want to wrap the above in another helper, such as:
def labelled_form_for(name, object, options, &proc) form_for(name, object, options.merge(:builder => LabellingFormBuiler), &proc) end
[ show source ]
# File vendor/rails/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb, line 123 123: def form_for(object_name, *args, &proc) 124: raise ArgumentError, "Missing block" unless block_given? 125: options = args.last.is_a?(Hash) ? args.pop : {} 126: concat(form_tag(options.delete(:url) || {}, options.delete(:html) || {}), proc.binding) 127: fields_for(object_name, *(args << options), &proc) 128: concat('</form>', proc.binding) 129: end
Works just like text_field, but returns an input tag of the "hidden" type instead.
[ show source ]
# File vendor/rails/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb, line 169 169: def hidden_field(object_name, method, options = {}) 170: InstanceTag.new(object_name, method, self, nil, options.delete(:object)).to_input_field_tag("hidden", options) 171: end
Works just like text_field, but returns an input tag of the "password" type instead.
[ show source ]
# File vendor/rails/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb, line 164 164: def password_field(object_name, method, options = {}) 165: InstanceTag.new(object_name, method, self, nil, options.delete(:object)).to_input_field_tag("password", options) 166: end
Returns a radio button tag for accessing a specified attribute (identified by method) on an object assigned to the template (identified by object). If the current value of method is tag_value the radio button will be checked. Additional options on the input tag can be passed as a hash with options. Example (call, result). Imagine that @post.category returns "rails":
radio_button("post", "category", "rails") radio_button("post", "category", "java") <input type="radio" id="post_category" name="post[category]" value="rails" checked="checked" /> <input type="radio" id="post_category" name="post[category]" value="java" />
[ show source ]
# File vendor/rails/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb, line 221 221: def radio_button(object_name, method, tag_value, options = {}) 222: InstanceTag.new(object_name, method, self, nil, options.delete(:object)).to_radio_button_tag(tag_value, options) 223: end
Returns a textarea opening and closing tag set tailored for accessing a specified attribute (identified by method) on an object assigned to the template (identified by object). Additional options on the input tag can be passed as a hash with options.
Example (call, result):
text_area("post", "body", "cols" => 20, "rows" => 40) <textarea cols="20" rows="40" id="post_body" name="post[body]"><EMAIL_ADDRESS></textarea>
[ show source ]
# File vendor/rails/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb, line 187 187: def text_area(object_name, method, options = {}) 188: InstanceTag.new(object_name, method, self, nil, options.delete(:object)).to_text_area_tag(options) 189: end
Returns an input tag of the "text" type tailored for accessing a specified attribute (identified by method) on an object assigned to the template (identified by object). Additional options on the input tag can be passed as a hash with options.
Examples (call, result):
text_field("post", "title", "size" => 20) <input type="text" id="post_title" name="post[title]" size="20"<EMAIL_ADDRESS>/>
[ show source ]
# File vendor/rails/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb, line 159 159: def text_field(object_name, method, options = {}) 160: InstanceTag.new(object_name, method, self, nil, options.delete(:object)).to_input_field_tag("text", options) 161: end


Praising labels that lossless downloads. Shaming those who don’t.
When you buy an LP, you’re not just buying physical media - you’re buying a much better quality version of the original recording than you’re going to get from iTunes, Spotify, or your standard CD rip. Lossless audio formats are comparable - these generally have a bitrate from 800-1200kbps, and the sound is much richer and deeper because of it. However, the files are large, and, due to storage space on servers and the lack of demand, they often aren’t offered to buyers of LPs to download, although they already have bought the album.
 But the potential for more people to care about audio quality is limited only by population size. Wouldn’t it be great if more people knew about lossless audio formats? Wouldn’t it be awesome if this change started with the labels offering lossless versions for free to those who’ve bought digital mp3s or LPs?
We think so. So here is our list of labels that do, or do not.
We’re just two guys who listen to LP’s more than most. Richard lives in Brooklyn. Alex lives in London. We have other jobs. You can contact us at:
Want to join? Send us a line?
Got a label? Submit it!


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