The complete solution for Ruby Configuration Management. RConfig is a Ruby library that manages configuration within Ruby applications. It bridges the gap between yaml, xml, and key/value based properties files, by providing a centralized solution to handle application configuration from one location. It provides the simplicity of hash-based access, that Rubyists have come to know and love, supporting your configuration style of choice, while providing many new features, and an elegant API.
Simple, easy to install and use.
Supports yaml, xml, and properties files.
Yaml and xml files support infinite level of configuration grouping.
Properties files support git config-like configuration grouping.
Intuitive dot-notation ‘key chaining’ argument access.
Simple well-known hash/array based argument access.
Implements multilevel caching to reduce disk access.
Short-hand access to ‘global’ application configuration, and shell environment.
Cascades multiple configuration files to support environment and host-specific configuration.
On-load callbacks for single, multiple, or any config file.
Embedded ruby code with ERB templating.
Support for referencing values in property files (Yaml also has built in support using node anchors).
RConfig is released as a Ruby Gem. The gem is to be installed within a Ruby on Rails 3 application. To install, simply add the following to your Gemfile:
# Gemfile gem 'rconfig'
After updating your bundle, run the installer
$> rails generate rconfig:install
The installer creates an initializer used for configuring defaults used by RConfig
If you’re not using RConfig in a Rails app, and you don’t use Gemfile you can install RConfig with RubyGems
gem install rconfig
Starting with version 0.4.0, RConfig requires at least Ruby 1.9, and Rails 3. Previous versions can be used in Ruby 1.8 and Rails 2.2+. Non-rails projects need ActiveSupport (>= 3 for RConfig 0.4.0, and > 2.2 for RConfig 0.3).
Ruby 1.9+
ActiveSupport 3.0+
shell/console => export LANG=en demo.yml => server: address: host.domain.com port: 81 host: <%= %x{host_name} %> ... application.properties => debug_level=verbose app_root=/home/rahmal/apps/rconfig test_root=%{app_root}/tests ... demo.rb => require 'rconfig' RConfig.config_paths = ['$HOME/config', '#{APP_ROOT}/config', '/demo/conf'] RConfig.demo[:server][:port] => 81 RConfig.demo.server.address => 'host.domain.com' RConfig.demo.server.host => 'host.local' RConfig.application.test_root => '/home/rahmal/apps/rconfig/tests' RConfig[:debug_level] => 'verbose' RConfig[:lang] => 'en' ...
Bug Reports & Feature Requests: Please use to the [Issues page](github.com/rahmal/rconfig/issues)
Want to Contribute? Send a Pull Request
None
(The MIT License)
Copyright © 2009 Rahmal Conda
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the ‘Software’), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
Thanks to everyone I included here. RConfig would not exist without their contributions.
Mike Sandler, Kurt Stephens, CashNetUSA (CNU):
Wrote the proprietary class RConfig was originally based on.
Generated with the Darkfish Rdoc Generator 1.1.6.


Writing and Talks | Leadership Resources
I am a engineering leadership consultant and coach. I focus on helping organizations and individuals create and foster successful engineering organizations.
Before consulting, I was a Senior Director of Engineering at Slack.
Before Slack I was the Director of Engineering at 18F where I helped to make US government software better from within. Before that I was the head of software engineering at PLOS, an open access scientific publisher. Even earlier I was a manager and software engineer at PDI/DreamWorks Animation, and a variety of small science and medicine related startups.
I've been developing software since 2000 in both hands-on and leadership roles. I am a pragmatic, transparent, results driven technologist who wants to help get work done. I thrive in team-oriented cultures where we're all working hard for a common goal.
I used to be a mechanical engineer. I attended Massachusetts Institute of Technology and earned a BS in Mechanical Engineering there. I still really enjoy making things with my hands.
I live with my family in San Francisco, CA.


Listen, Ma! I’m on RIARadio
2010 May 26th by todd anderson
I had the great pleasure to be interviewed on RIARadio and be in the company of Garth Braithwaite, Stacey Mulcahy, Leif Wells and Josh (oooahhh) Noble. Thanks for having me on! I had a great time and i sound pretty good in the reverse auto-tune affect that Garth put on my voice so as to sound like a nasally jersey kid.
You can listen to the podcast up on InsideRIA -> RIARadio Episode 15: Flex 4 Cookbook.
ps. If you listen and are confused as to what Josh looks like, here is a picture of him ->
That’s him on the shark… obviously, someone shopped in the grenade launcher but a nice picture of him from his good side, nonetheless. So if you see him at FlashBelt, say hello for me!
pps. Flex 4 Cookbook is dropping soon! go pick up a copy and read it with a loved one on Memorial Day.
Posted in General.


single_bubble_model.sbm_ic¶
-
single_bubble_model.
sbm_ic
(profile, particle, X0, de, yk, T0, K, K_T, fdis, t_hyd, lag_time)[source]¶ Set the initial conditions for a single bubble model simulation
Set up the state space at the release point for the single bubble model simulation
- Parameters
- profileambient.Profile object
Ambient CTD data for the model simulation
- particledbm.FluidParticle or dbm.InsolubleParticle object
Object describing the properties and behavior of the particle.
- X0ndarray
The release location (x, y, y) in m of the particle in the simulation
- defloat
Initial diameter of the particle (m)
- ykndarray
Initial mole fractions of each component in the particle (–)
- T0float, optional
Initial temperature (K) of the particle at release if not equal to the temperature of the surrounding fluid. If omitted, the model will set T0 to the ambient temperature.
- Kfloat
Mass transfer reduction factor (–). Pre-multiplies the mass transfer coefficients providing amplification (>1) or retardation (<1) of the dissolution.
- K_Tfloat
Heat transfer reduction factor (–). Pre-multiplies the heat transfer coefficient providing amplification (>1) or retardation (<1) of the heat flux.
- fdisfloat
Fraction of the initial total mass (–) remaining when the particle should be considered dissolved.
- t_hydfloat
Hydrate film formation time (s). Mass transfer is computed by clean bubble methods for t less than t_hyd and by dirty bubble methods thereafter. The default behavior is to assume the particle is dirty or hydrate covered from the release.
- Returns
- particleLagrangianParticle object
A LagrangianParticle object containing a unified interface to the dbm module and the particle-specific model parameters (e.g., mass transfer reduction factor, etc.)
- y0ndarray
Model state space at the release point. Includes the current depth (m), the masses (kg) of each component of the particle, and the particle heat content (J)
Notes
This function converts an initial diameter and a list of mole fractions to the actual mass of each component in a particle. This seems like the most common method a single particle would be initialized. Note, however, that the user does not specify the mass: it is calculated in this function. If the same diameter particle is released as a deeper depth, it will contain more mass (due to compressibility). Likewise, if the composition is changed while the depth and diameter are maintained constant, the mass will change, altering the trajectory and simulation results. If the mass is to be kept constant, this must be done outside this routine and the correct diameter calculated and passed to this function.


\[ \usepackage{mathtools} \DeclarePairedDelimiter\ceil{\lceil}{\rceil} \DeclarePairedDelimiter\floor{\lfloor}{\rfloor} \newcommand{\Prob}{\operatorname{P}} \newcommand{\E}{\operatorname{E}} \newcommand{\Var}{\operatorname{Var}} \newcommand{\Cov}{\operatorname{Cov}} \newcommand{\se}{\operatorname{se}} \newcommand{\re}{\operatorname{re}} \newcommand{\ybar}{{\overline{Y}}} \newcommand{\phat}{{\hat{p}}} \newcommand{\that}{{\hat{T}}} \newcommand{\med}{{\tilde{Y}}} \]
Sometimes it can be quite difficult to determine the underlying distribution of a data set, especially when one chooses to use the actual observations, vs. looking at their ranks. While one may be able to spend time on deriving said distribution, this may provide minimal benefit in terms of the relative efficiency of the test. One may then ask, why use the actual observations at all as a means of scoring, and why not use merely their rank or score them based on an assumed distribution? By doing so, information is lost, in exchange for easy to calculate statistics and tables.
Ronald Fisher set out to solve this problem, and in 1935 came up with the concept of a class of tests known as “Randomization Tests”. These tests are analogous to their non-parametric counterparts, to provide a means of addressing similar null and alternative hypotheses. For example: \[ H_{0}: \theta(X) = \theta(Y) \] \[ H_{1}: \theta(X) \neq \theta(Y) \] \(\theta\) can be any number of statistics, with either known, or unknown underlying distributions. This becomes especially useful in the case when the underlying distribution is either unknown, or difficult to work with. One of the easiest examples to look at for this class of tests is the comparison of means between 2 random samples.
Consider two independent simple random samples: \[ X_{i}, i = 1, 2, \dots, n \] \[ Y_{j}, j = 1, 2, \dots, m \]
Where: \[ X_{i} \stackrel{i.i.d.}{\sim} f(x) \forall i = 1, 2, \dots, n \] \[ Y_{j} \stackrel{i.i.d.}{\sim} g(y) \forall j = 1, 2, \dots, m \]
Both \(X\) and \(Y\) are at least an interval scale. We then pool the data into one large random sample \(Z\). \[ Z = \{X_{i}, Y_{j}\} \forall i,j \implies Z = \{X_{1}, X_{2}, \dots, X_{n}, Y_{1}, Y_{2}, \dots, Y_{m}\} \]
Let: \[ T_{1} = \sum_{i = 1}^{n} X_{i} \]
For most tests, we’d attach some well defined distribution, such as a normal distribution or a binomial distribution, but instead we use our sample \(Z\) as the distribution. As such it does no make sense to create tables describing this distribution, as the null distribution for any two samples differ.
Instead we consider all ways to choose \(n\) observations from \(Z\), of which there are \(n+m\) entries. From this we have exactly \({{n+m}\choose{n}}\) possible combinations. Then we find the arrangement of \(X\) and \(Y\) that yield the smallest \(T_{1}\), and by ordering them from smallest to largest, we use: \[ p^{th}-quantile = \ceil*{ {{n+m}\choose{n}}p } \] This number is the index of the value of \(T_{1}\) we wish to assign to \(\omega_{p}\).
Let \(T_{1}^{(i)}\) be the \(i^{\text{th}}\) largest possible value for \(T_{1}\), by rearranging which values in \(Z\) are considered as \(X\)s or \(Y\)s. Then we have the pth-quantile of \(T_{1}\): \[ \omega_{p} = T_{1}^{\left( \ceil*{ {{n+m}\choose{n}}p } \right)} \]
This is similar to the bootstrap method (which is closely related), as under the null hypothesis, approximately \(p\) percent of \(T_{1}\)s should be less than \(T_{1}^{(\omega_{p})}\).
We can then use this to find the rejection region for our test, by finding \(\omega_{\frac{\alpha}{2}}\) and \(\omega_{1-\frac{\alpha}{2}}\), and see if \(T_{1}\) falls outside of these two numbers.
Equivalently we can find the p-value of the test, by finding the proportion of possible values for \(T_{1}\), less than what we observed, and multiplying it by 2 if we are considering the two-tailed version.
For this test, we will look at a few cases to see how the randomization test compares to other parametric and non-parametric methods. In “R”, this can be accomplished by library(perm)
, and calling the function permTS
. Histograms of the \(X_{i}\)s can be found in Appendices A-C.
set.seed(5609)
x_PoC <- sample(1:5, size = 3, replace = TRUE)
y_PoC <- sample(3:8, size = 4, replace = TRUE)
perm::permTS(x = x_PoC, y = y_PoC, alternative = "two.sided", exact = TRUE)
##
## Exact Permutation Test (network algorithm)
##
## data: x_PoC and y_PoC
## p-value = 0.2286
## alternative hypothesis: true mean x_PoC - mean y_PoC is not equal to 0
## sample estimates:
## mean x_PoC - mean y_PoC
## -2.333333
This is equivalent to doing the following:
\[ X = \{5, 1, 2\}, Y = \{6, 5, 5, 4\} \implies Z = \{1, 2, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6\} \] \[ H_{0}: \E(X) = \E(Y) \] \[ H_{1}: \E(X) \neq \E(Y) \] \[ \frac{\alpha}{2}-percentile = \ceil*{ {{n+m}\choose{n}}\frac{\alpha}{2} } = \ceil*{ {{3+4}\choose{3}}\frac{0.05}{2} } = \ceil*{35(0.025)} = \ceil*{0.875} = 1 \] \[ 1-\frac{\alpha}{2}-percentile = \ceil*{ {{n+m}\choose{n}}\left( 1-\frac{\alpha}{2} \right) } = \ceil*{ {{3+4}\choose{3}}\left( 1-\frac{0.05}{2} \right) } = \ceil*{35(0.975)} = \ceil*{34.25} = 35 \]\[ T_{1} = \sum_{i=1}^{3}X_{i} = 5 + 1 + 2 = 13 \] Therefore we fail to reject the null hypothesis based on the sample. \[ p-value = 2\frac{4}{35} = \frac{8}{35} = 0.2286 \] We use 4 in the numerator, as there are 4 possible values for \(T_{1}\leq13\).
Looking at the table, we are primarily interested in the cases when \(X\) and \(Y\) have different population means. As expected the t-test has the lowest p-value, and hence highest power, followed by the randomization test and then finally the Wilcoxon test. As well, at \(\alpha=0.05\), all 3 tests correctly rejected or failed to reject the null hypothesis.
Here we use a distribution with heavier tails than that of a normal distribution, which would normally call for a non-parametric test, vs. using a traditional t-test. Again looking at the cases where \(\mu_{X}\neq\mu_{Y}\), we have the Wilcoxon test being the most powerful of the 3, followed by either the t-test or the randomization test.
For the Uniform Distribution, generally the t-test is the most powerful, usually followed by the Wilcoxon test and finally the randomization test.
 Let: \[ D_{i} = Y_{i} - X_{i}, i = 1, 2, \dots, n \] \[ T_{2} = \sum_{i=1}^{n}D_{i}, \forall D_{i} > 0 \]
Then if we consider \(|D_{i}|\), there are \(2^{n}\) ways of assigning a \(+\) or \(-\) symbol to each of the \(n\) \(D_{i}\)s. Then we can define \(\omega_{\frac{\alpha}{2}}\) as: \[ \frac{\alpha}{2}-quantile = 2^{n}\frac{\alpha}{2} \] This functions similarly to the sign test, but instead of looking at the signs directly, we randomly assign them to the existing differences.
Let: \[ \omega_{\frac{\alpha}{2}} = T_{2}^{\left( 2^{n}\frac{\alpha}{2} \right)} \] \[ \omega_{1 - \frac{\alpha}{2}} = \sum_{i=1}^{n}|D_{i}| - \omega_{\frac{\alpha}{2}} \] Which forms the basis for the rejection region.
The p-value for this test is: \[ 2\frac{\min\{ \text{\# of }T_{2} \leq \text{the observed}, \text{\# of }T_{2} \geq \text{the observed} \}}{2^{n}} \]
The code for the function permPT
can be found in Appendix D.
set.seed(5609)
alpha <- 0.05
n_prime <- 20
# Random sample with n' = 10
z_PoC <- sample(-5:5, size = n_prime, replace = TRUE)
z_PoC
## [1] 5 -4 -3 0 0 -1 -3 0 5 -3 4 -5 -4 -5 0 5 -3 -4 -3 -1
# First n'/2 numbers are assigned to x, second n'/2 to y
x_PoC <- z_PoC[1:(n_prime/2)]
y_PoC <- z_PoC[(n_prime/2 + 1):n_prime]
results <- permPT(x_PoC, y_PoC, alpha)
cat(
"\n",
"T_2:", results$T_2, "\n",
"Lower Bound:", results$RR[1], "\n",
"Upper Bound:", results$RR[2], "\n",
"P-Value:", results$p.value
)
##
## T_2: 8
## Lower Bound: 2
## Upper Bound: 26
## P-Value: 0.40625
Since \(T_{2}=8\in[2, 26]\), and equivalently, the p-value\(=0.40625>\alpha=0.05\), we fail to reject the null hypothesis of equal means based on the sample.
For the most part, both the randomization test and the t-test compute very similar p-values. It is important to note that none of the tests detected a significant difference at a level of \(\alpha=0.05\), however this may be due to small sample sizes. The reason for dropping the sample size to \(n=10\) for this, is that the permPT
function can’t handle data much larger than that, before the internal variables balloon in size.
From this table, it appears that the power of the randomization test lies somewhere between the Wilcoxon Paired test, and the paired t-test. This would make sense for a heavier tailed distribution, as the Wilcoxon test should be the most powerful of the 3. As well, we also see some statistically significant results among the tests, and improvement over he results in the normal distribution.
 This generally seems to hold true based on these results, which is encouraging in that regard.
Randomization tests provide statisticians with another tool for the hypothesis testing. The primary advantage of this class of tests, is that it effectively allows you to test a hypothesis involving nearly any statistic, without the need to derive an underlying distribution. By freeing oneself of this need, the assumptions for running such a test are relaxed. Take for example a t-test, this test requires \(X\&Y\stackrel{i.i.d.}{\sim}\mathcal{N}\). This relaxes in a randomization test, as no underlying distribution is assumed, and the distribution of the test statistic is derived from the data, which may not be a theoretically friendly distribution.
This can be especially helpful for cases with \(n<20\), as when examining the mean, the Central Limit Theorem may not have kicked in yet. If the distribution of the population is not known, it may not be accurate to use a t-test. If instead a Wilcoxon test is done, information is lost in the conversion of observations to rank. This can be mitigated through the careful selection of scores representing the data, but that requires making additional assumptions regarding the data. By instead choosing to use the data itself as a score, information is not lost in favor of not being able to generate nice tables or being able to state the sampling distribution.
A drawback of this method is it is typically not the optimal solution in most cases. Going back to the example with the means, usually either the t-test or Wilcoxon test was deemed optimal, with the Randomization test coming in second or sometimes third. However this does allow for it to be applicable in many situations, where the analyst may be unsure which of the other two tests is more appropriate. As well, unless carefully written, Randomization tests can be quite computationally intensive. As an example, consider the permPT
function written for this paper:
Even with a small sample size of 15, the time it takes to complete the function grows at an exponential rate. Obviously this isn’t the most efficient means of implementing this test, but it does highlight the difficulties of implementation.
The biggest advantage to using a Randomization test is the freedom choose what statistic you wish to test, and the direction you wish to test it. This makes this class of tests especially friendly to those with little theoretical statistical knowledge, as it allows them to go about their data analysis without stopping to figure out every test they might need to run, and the requisite assumptions and interpretations.
Conover, W. J. (1999). Practical nonparametric statistics (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
Fay, M. (2010, July 29). Perm: Exact or Asymptotic permutation tests. Retrieved November 29, 2017, from https://cran.r-project.org/package=perm
permPT <- function(x, y, alpha){
# D_i is their difference
D_i <- y - x
# Remove any 0s
D_i <- D_i[D_i != 0]
n <- length(D_i)
# Test Statistic
T_2 <- sum(D_i[D_i > 0])
# Quantiles
lower_quantile <- ceiling(2^n * alpha / 2)
# Orders the D_i from smallest to largest
D_i <- D_i[order(D_i)]
# Creates a matrix of size n, 2^n
all_possible_combs <- t(expand.grid(lapply(numeric(n), function(x) c(-1, 1))))
all_possible_combs <- all_possible_combs * D_i
# Anything <= 0, we set to 0, so we don't sum them when finding T_2
for (i in 1:n){
for(j in 1:(2^n)){
all_possible_combs[i, j] <- ifelse(all_possible_combs[i, j] > 0, all_possible_combs[i, j], 0)
}
}
# Finds the column sums, orders them and prints out the required ones
all_possible_col_sums <- colSums(all_possible_combs)
all_possible_col_sums <- all_possible_col_sums[order(all_possible_col_sums)]
# Rejection Region
w_lower <- all_possible_col_sums[lower_quantile]
w_upper <- sum(abs(D_i)) - w_lower
RR <- c(w_lower, w_upper)
# P-Value
num_leq_T_2 <- length(all_possible_col_sums[all_possible_col_sums <= T_2])
num_geq_T_2 <- length(all_possible_col_sums[all_possible_col_sums >= T_2])
p.value = 2 * (min(num_leq_T_2, num_geq_T_2) / 2^(n))
# Results List
results <-
list(
T_2 = T_2
,RR = RR
,p.value = p.value
)
results
}


Terms of Service
Last updated: June 17, 2018 Please read these Terms of Service (“Terms”) carefully before using the flashcards.com website and the file:///C:/revature/FlashCardsOfficial/create.html web app (the “Service”). These Terms have the same force and effect as an Agreement signed in writing. If you do not agree to these Terms, you may not use the Service. Each time you access, upload, or download any content from the Service, you signify your agreement to the then-current terms.


Olga Nasonova
An artist from Rostov-on-Don
who will turn your consciousness.
About the author
Hi, my name is Olga. I create art. I am a very sensual person and cannot imagine my life without art, inspiration, and creativity. When I am in the process of painting a new painting, the world around stops the world around me stops, and I plunge into some other universe. My canvases are about feelings. Don't seek to define the sense. Just watch and enjoy. My fundamental mission is to evoke feelings and emotions in you because they fill our lives.
GALLERY
If you have an idea for a painting, I can turn it into reality. If you want to become the owner of a unique canvas but do not know what to ask to portray, it's not a problem! I will talk with you to better understand your tastes, we will see examples, and I will create a picture for you according to my vision.
All the happy-eyed owners of my canvases got bright emotions.
Contact me right now!


{% include 'partials/phase_banner_beta.html' %}
{% include 'partials/validation_partial.html' %}
Update source information
This can be a department name and address or a link to a place where charge documents are kept online, for example a planning portal.


Warehouse Keeper Kluck:
Have you hear of Lionel Hunter, one of the lords of Innadril?
He was an amazing warrior.
As a young man, he even defeated Water Dragon Fafurion single-handed!
Ah, but that's not what's important...
Keep listening.


<pre> v2.3.4 [MOD-1265] Open sourcing
v2.3.3 [MOD-1087][MOD-1104] Updating attribution and building with 2.1.3.GA to support x86 devices
v2.3.2 [MOD-791] Fixed collision on app_name in strings.xml
v2.3.1 [MOD-744] Re-fixed issue with strings.xml collision
v2.3.0 [MOD-564] Upgraded to ZXing v2.0 - Android now has a "allowInstructions" property on the module. See the documentation to find out more.
v2.2.1 [MOD-643] Fixed a crash when scanning GEO QR Codes, and split the possible ?q= in to a "query" variable.
v2.2 [MOD-434][MOD-439] Fixed a crash when scanning a VEVENT code, and improved the durability of scanning to not crash the application upon parse errors.
v2.1 [MOD-230] Fixed collision of strings.xml by namespacing this module's strings.xml files. [MOD-352] Fixed crash when passing no arguments to the "capture" method. [MOD-352] Fixed the "displayedMessage" and "allowRotation" properties that were broken by the 2.0 release.
v2.0 Upgraded to module api version 2 for <IP_ADDRESS> [MOD-303] Fixed anyDensity="false" misplacement of barcode results.
v1.7 Backported [MOD-230] for 1.7.x support. Backported [MOD-303] for 1.7.x support.
v1.6 [MOD-304] Added "acceptedFormats" and relevant constants. Check out the documentation and example to find out more. [MOD-202] Added "parse" method for finding barcodes in blobs. See documentation and example for more information. [MOD-250] Added "useLED" property to the module for lighting the LED during scanning, if available.
v1.5 [MOD-241][MOD-256] Added a "useFrontCamera" property to the module to control which camera is used. [MOD-254][MOD-253] "capture" now accepts the "keepOpen" boolean key. Check out the example and documentation to find out more. [MOD-90] "capture" now accepts several new keys: overlay, which takes a view; and showRectangle, which takes a boolean. [MOD-223] Established parity between iOS and Android Barcode modules. - BREAKING CHANGE: iOS now uses event listeners instead of callbacks! Use Ti.Barcode.addEventListener('success', ...) instead of capture({ success: ...})! - BREAKING CHANGE: Android's contentType property is now an integer, instead of a string! Check out the example and documentation to find out more. - BREAKING CHANGE: All automatically parsed "data" keys will now be lower case. This ensures consistency across the API and ease of access. - BREAKING CHANGE: Android now properly fires the "cancel" event, as documented. It was firing the "canceled" event. - Updated examples to be identical; only difference is iOS's example utilizes the allowRotation property. - Added support for processing "WIFI" QR Codes. - Android now supports the "data" property, offering up a easy to use dictionary of the properties from the scanned barcode. - Android now has a "allowMenu" property on the module. See the documentation to find out more. [MOD-295] Resolved crash after capture when no overlay is specified
v1.3 [MOD-231] Enable barcode menu intents (share, history, etc.) [MOD-233] Added ability to disable animation during activity transition to camera
v1.2 [MOD-217] Automatically select the current application as the scanning source
v1.1 [MOD-149] Fixed to use activity of invocation rather than default activity
v1.0 Initial Release


When "direct" access is used, Gnocchi and Keystone MUST have CORS configured correctly on the server side.
Gnocchi Details
Auth Mode
noauth = we send domain/project/username in X--Id headers to Gnocchi
token = we send the X-Token-ID header to Gnocchi
keystone = we retreive the token on keystone with domain/project/username/password
noauth is deprecatedThe Keystone URL is expected in Http settingsKeystone and Gnocchi must be hosted on same HTTP endpoint (example: http://foobar/identity and http://foobar/metric)The Gnocchi URL is expected in Http settings


Ultraviolette F77 Electric Performance Bike Launched In India From Rs. 3 Lakh
by Surendhar MThe performance-based Ultraviolette F77 does 0-60 kmph in just 2.9 seconds and has a top speed of 147 kmph with 130-150 km riding range
The all-electric two-wheeler space is getting the much-needed push from manufacturers, be it the mainstream brands or newbies. Following the buzz created by Revolt RV400, another domestic startup, Ultraviolette has stepped foot in the game with the launch of the F77. It can be ordered right away online and deliveries will begin from the third quarter of next year.
Said to have been inspired by fighter jet, the Ultraviolette F77 is not pitched as a conventional electric motorcycle but a performance oriented machine. It reflects on the price tag it carries as the F77 costs between Rs. 3 lakh and Rs. 3.25 lakh (on-road prices) post the Fame II subsidy deduction.
As we have seen previously, the Ultraviolette F77 has a bold styling package and the powertrain area covered by a large fairing is just massive to look at. It does have a big bike vibe with short wheelbase. The body panels are sharp complementing the overall design with full LED headlamp.
The clip-on handlebar is set low to ensure an aggressive rider’s triangle and the area where the regular fuel tank is in conventional IC-engined motorcycles has a bulky proportion. Designed to be a performance-based handler, the Ultraviolette F77 gets a compact LED tail lamp setup, split seat and the footpegs are rear set to accentuate its sporty appeal.
It is a connected motorcycle capable of OTR (Over The Air) updates and can be linked to a smartphone via Bluetooth with the possibility of riding analysis and bike locator. The all-important electric drivetrain comprises of a BLDC (Brush Less DC) motor with 25 kW capacity and a triplet of Li-ion battery packs.
They translate to a performance of 450 Nm of maximum torque while it is claimed to achieve zero to 60 kmph in just 2.9 seconds before topping out 147 kmph. The Bangalore based electric mobility start-up claims that the F77 has a riding range of 130-150 km in the city on a single charge under standard riding conditions in urban environment.
For the owner’s convenience, a CCS Type-2 Charge Port is provided and it supports AC as well as DC charging. Using the DC fast charger, the F77 can replenish back to 80% in just 50 minutes and it will take 90 minutes to get charged fully. Eco, Sport and Insane are the three riding modes available. The standard charger, on the other hand, takes three hours to get from zero to 80%.
The all-digital instrumentation has a full colour TFT display and the Ultraviolette F77 sits on a trellis frame. It is suspended on USD front forks and monoshock rear suspension while the braking duties are handled by 320 mm front disc with radial caliper and rear disc along with dual channel ABS system.


What is a responsive site? Why is responsiveness important?
In short, a responsive site -- or responsive web design -- ensures that the website looks good on all devices, i.e. devices
with different screen resolutions / displays.
It's important as devices all have different screen-sizes, and w responsive web design our sites
can cater towards all of these. Static web design would limit the reach your site would have.
What is mobile first design? Why is it important?
Mobile first design is one of the strategies used when building a responsive website. It is the idea of building a design
for a mobile-display first, as it is considered the most difficult (compared to building for desktop
/ bigger displays). "Once the mobile design questions are answered, designing for other devices will
be easier."
Mobile first design can significantly cut down the load-time for more graphic / design-intensive
websites.
What are frameworks? Pros and cons?
Frameworks make our life easier as front-end developers, with preset CSS / styles allowing us to build our grid-based designs
without having to write our own code / structures.
Frameworks are great for efficiency, and for building prototypes in small amounts of time; allowing
you to build clean and symmetrical layouts. For larger-scale websites, there will generally be limitations
around the framework's core behaviours. i.e., it restricts your freedom as a developer, and forces
you to use the framework's semantics.
What is a wireframe, and why do we use it?
A wireframe -- in terms of web design -- is a basic visual representation of elements on a website.
We use it, as it serves as a blueprint for how our design should look, with the main focus not on
colour or graphics, but functionality, behaviour, and content priority.
Any difficults with implementing your wireframe?
Ran into a few difficulties, to do with Skeleton's default / core CSS; and building the site for mobile / smaller displays
and resolutions.
Did some reading through StackOverflow, and visited some YouTube videos before realising it was
CSS overwriting some of my values -- i.e. I had my media-queries in the wrong position in the heirarchy.
Was a good lesson to learn, though.


Break From Reality
Name: Ammon Matthews
Job: Team Lead
Name: Blake Davis
Job: Frontend
Name: Christian Berumen
Job: Backend
Name: Alex Whitt
Job: Marketing


NFL moves Green Bay-San Francisco into prime time on Nov. 24
by The Associated PressNEW YORK (AP) — The NFL has flexed the Green Bay Packers’ trip to San Francisco to prime time on Nov. 24 along with announcing kickoff times for a handful of Week 16 games.
With Tuesday’s announcement, the Packers (8-2) and 49ers (8-1) replace Seattle at Philadelphia, which now will kick off at 1 p.m. ET on Nov. 24. Carolina at New Orleans moves from FOX to CBS, while Miami at Cleveland switches from CBS to Fox with kickoff times unchanged for both games.
The NFL had left the dates for some games for Week 16 undetermined.
Now Houston will play Tampa Bay on Dec. 21 at 1 p.m. ET on NFL Network followed by Buffalo at New England at 4:30 p.m. ET, and the tripleheader will be capped by the Los Angeles Rams visiting San Francisco at 8:15 p.m. ET. On Dec. 22, Detroit now is scheduled to visit Denver with Oakland’s game at the Chargers both set for 4:05 p.m. ET kickoffs.
___
More AP NFL: https://apnews.com/NFL and https://twitter.com/AP_NFL
The Associated Press


This is a desktop publishing (DTP) practice for the Geo-Media course. The booklet is specified to
contain eight pages, size 6A, in portrait orientation. The aim of this project is to combine
existing
contents in a layout that looks professional.
This booklet about the EU history is created in May 2018 based on the contents
on the website: europa.eu. (Some contents might be outdated now)


After the Dot Com Bubble, a new wave of internet innovation began to sweep the web, known as the Era of Web 2.0. This new era was defined by one common theme—the ability of the people to contribute to the web in a meaningful way. The internet took the control of communications out of the hands of top media executives and placed them in the hands of the ordinary consumer.
Companies like YouTube and Digg were early leaders of the Web 2.0 revolution. They wanted to change the world through web enabled people power. For example, YouTube, an online video sharing site, allowed its users to create and view content, as stated in their slogan “Broadcast Yourself”. This took some power out of the hands of the TV media and into the hands of the consumers—who wanted to create and watch each other. Similar to YouTube, Digg also believed in the “wisdom of crowds”. This site was an online news forum, and allowed anyone to write a story. When stories were popular, people would “Digg” them, and the story would receive more prominence of the site. This took some power out of the hands of the few editors that would previously dictate what stories were fitting for a front page. Several other companies shook up the establishment industries as well.
Prior to YouTube and Digg, one industry that was turned upside down was the music and recording industry. The process of purchasing CD’s from a store, which seems archaic now, had been outdated by the MP3, which made it easy to move compressed music back and forth throughout the net. The recording industry was in denial—they actually conducted a study with IBM that found that consumers would not want to burn their own CD’s. Ironically, another similar IBM study made a similar mistake about a decade earlier regarding consumer PC’s. Regardless of the study, music fans were finding and downloading music on their own. This new way of consuming music sparked an idea for Shawn Fanning, a college student who created Napster. Shawn desired an easy way to share their music collections, so he created Napster, the music sharing site that used a peer-to-peer architecture. At first, the founder just wanted to share the site with friends, but within a week the website had 10,000 users. Interest in the site continued to spread, and organically, Napster became a genuine web community where people shared views and expressed themselves. This posed a big threat to the establishment recording and music companies. The Recording Industry Association of America, which protects the music business, let Napster know that it was illegal to offer copywritten music for free on their site. It was large scale online theft. Top entertainment lawyers began riling up their largest musician clients because they wanted to ensure the protection of music and other intellectual property that could be threatened in the future. Lawsuits were filed against Napster and the website lost and was immediately shut down. This was a bittersweet victory because the music industry had targeted their customers as thieves, music fans. Although Napster did not last, it inspired Steve Jobs to create the Apple store, which was mutually beneficial for the labels as well as the consumers. Napster set a precedent for Big Media worrying about the internet—it opened up new markets that they were unable to control. As mentioned, people were entertaining themselves using YouTube rather than TV programming, and this posed a huge threat.
Social Networking also boomed after the Dotcom Crash. First Friendster, then Myspace and then Facebook came along, proving that internet users were hungry to communicate. Facebook was unique among the social networks popping up. Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook’s founder, used the social graph concept, which describes that we are all bound together by a web of relationships. His company grew quickly and is widely used today.
Web 2.0 initialized a new age of human communication. People could socialize, post jobs, share their views, find love, and more without having to go through top-down establishment firms like before. It provided immense opportunity to everyone with an internet connection and sparked creativity and discussion. The internet continues to be used in this way and is only getting bigger, faster, and more social!


The color-coded graph below shows the desirability of various alternative filing dates. For instance, the 95 - 99 range (color ) includes filing dates that would provide an expected present value from 95% to 99% of that of the recommended strategy.
Click any spot on the graph, or use the dropdown-style inputs below, to see how the selected alternative compares to the recommended filing date(s).
NOTE: A restricted application (i.e., an application for just spousal benefits) will be assumed, whenever it is available given the retirement filing dates selected.
0">Selected Option:


nestjs-console is a module that provide a cli. A ready to use service class for your modules that exposes methods to register commands and sub commands using the npm package commander
The nestjs framework is missing a cli to access the application context.
Common use case : Headless application, cront task, export data, etc...
nestjs-console provide a way to bind cli command and subcommands to providers's methods.
The console service works as a standalone process, like the classic entry point, and will initialize a NestApplicationContext (headless) instead a NestApplication. The console service will be accesible inside the container.
npm install commander nestjs-console
# or unig yarn
yarn add commander nestjs-console
Create a file at root next to your entry point named console.ts
Import your app module or any module you want to be loaded. Usually this is your main nestjs module.
You can create as many entry points as you want.
You can also extend the BootstrapConsole
class to suit your needs.
// console.ts - example of entrypoint
import { BootstrapConsole } from 'nestjs-console';
import { MyModule } from './module';
BootstrapConsole.init({ module: MyModule })
.then(({ app, boot }) => {
// do something with your app container if you need (app)
// boot the cli
boot(/*process.argv*/);
})
.catch(e => console.log('Error', e));
// module.ts - your module
import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
import { ConsoleModule } from 'nestjs-console';
import { MyService } from './service';
@Module({
imports: [
ConsoleModule // import the ConsoleModule
],
providers: [MyService]
exports: [MyService]
})
export class MyModule {}
You can now inject the ConsoleService inside any nestjs providers, controllers...
There are 2 ways of registering providers methods to the console.
Using decorators (>=v1.1) or using the ConsoleService.
At the moment, it's not possible to have more than 2 dimensions in the commands stack using decorators.
Example of possible cli stack using decorators
Cli -> Command_A -> [
Command_A1 -> execution,
Command_A2 -> execution
]
-> Command_B -> [
Command_B1 -> execution,
Command_B2 -> execution
]
-> Command_C -> execution
Example of possible cli stack using the ConsoleService (More flexible, Multi dimensions)
Cli -> Command_A -> [
Command_A1 -> execution,
Command_A2 -> execution
]
-> Command_B -> [
Command_B1 -> execution,
Command_B2 -> [
Command_B2_a -> execution
Command_B2_b -> [... more sub commands ...]
]
]
-> Command_C -> execution
As an example, we will define a cli with 2 commands (new and list), one of the command (new) will have 2 sub commands (directory and file)
Cli -> list -> -> execution,
-> new -> [
directory -> execution,
file -> execution
]
Registering methods using class decorators is very easy. Nestjs providers that are decorated with @Console will be scanned and each member method that is decorated with @Command will be registered on the cli.
// service.ts - a nestjs provider using console decorators
import { Console, Command } from 'nestjs-console';
@Console()
export class MyService {
@Command({
command: 'list <directory>',
description: 'List content of a directory'
})
async listContent(directory: string): void | Promise<void> {
// See Ora npm package for details about spinner
const spin = this.consoleService.createSpinner();
spin.start(`Listing files in directory ${directory}`);
// simulate a long task of 1 seconds
const files = await new Promise(done =>
setTimeout(() => {
done(['fileA', 'fileB']);
}, 1000)
);
spin.succeed('Listing done');
// send the response to the cli
// you could also use process.stdout.write()
console.log(JSON.stringify(files));
process.exit(0);
}
}
By default, the @Console will tell the module to register all decorated methods at root of the cli.Example of Usage: [options] [command]
You can name your provider to use it as a parent command container. This is usefull when you have a lot of commands and you want to group them as sub command. (git style)
To achieve this, you have to group your methods into class.
You have to pass options to the @Console decorator to configure your provider as a parent command.
Decorated methods of the providers will be registered as a sub command instead of beeing registered at root.
// service.new.ts - a nestjs provider using console decorators (sub commands)
@Console({
name: 'new',
description: 'A command to create an item'
})
export class MyNewService {
@Command({
command: 'file <name>',
description: 'Create a file'
})
async createFile(name: string): void | Promise<void> {
console.log(`Creating a file named ${name}`);
// your code...
process.exit(0); // it's important to exit the process.
}
@Command({
command: 'directory <name>',
description: 'Create a directory'
})
async createDirectory(name: string): void | Promise<void> {
console.log(`Creating a directory named ${name}`);
// your code...
process.exit(0); // it's important to exit the process.
}
}
Example of Usage: new [options] [command]
Registering methods using the ConsoleService is more flexible than decorators.
When you use the ConsoleService, you simply bind your methods to the cli manually.
This is usefull if you need to create the cli or a part of the cli at runtime.
This way you can also create mutliple commands ans sub commands from the same class.
// service.ts - a nestjs provider
import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
import { ConsoleService } from 'nestjs-console';
@Injectable()
export class MyService {
constructor(private readonly consoleService: ConsoleService) {
this.listContent = this.listContent.bind(this);
this.createFile = this.createFile.bind(this);
this.createDirectory = this.createDirectory.bind(this);
// get the root cli
const cli = this.consoleService.getCli();
// create a single command (See [npm commander for more details])
cli.command('list <directory>')
.description('List content of a directory')
.action(this.listContent);
// create a parent command container
const parentCommand = this.consoleService.subCommands(
cli,
'new',
'A command to create an item'
);
// create sub command
parentCommand
.command('file <name>')
.description('Create a file')
.action(this.createFile);
// create an other sub command
parentCommand
.command('directory <name>')
.description('Create a directory')
.action(this.createDirectory);
}
async listContent(directory: string): void | Promise<void> {
console.log(`Listing files in directory ${directory}`);
// your code...
process.exit(0); // it's important to exit the process.
}
async createFile(name: string): void | Promise<void> {
console.log(`Creating a file named ${name}`);
process.exit(0); // it's important to exit the process.
}
async createDirectory(name: string): void | Promise<void> {
console.log(`Creating a directory named ${name}`);
// your code...
process.exit(0); // it's important to exit the process.
}
}
Add scripts in your package.json (if you want to use them)
{
"scripts": {
// from sources
"console:dev": "ts-node -r tsconfig-paths/register src/console.ts",
// from build (we suppose your app was built in the lib forlder)
"console": "node lib/console.js"
}
}
Call the cli (production)
# using node
node lib/console.js --help
# using npm
npm run console -- --help
# using yarn
yarn console --help
Call the cli from sources (dev)
# using ts-node
ts-node -r tsconfig-paths/register src/console.ts --help
# using npm
npm run console:dev -- --help
# using yarn
yarn console:dev --help
Usage: console [options] [command]
Options:
-h, --help output usage information
Commands:
list <directory> List content of a directory
new A command to create an item
You can create any number of custom ConsoleService and any nummber of entrypoints (BootstrapConsole).
The Commander provider can be injected using the decorators @InjectCommander()
.
The decorator can be imported from nestjs-console `import { InjectCommander } from 'nestjs-console';
import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
import { InjectCommander, Command, ConsoleService } from 'nestjs-console';
@Injectable()
export class CustomConsole extends ConsoleService {
constructor(@InjectCommander() protected readonly cli: Command) {
super(cli);
// do something with the cli, instance of npm commander
}
}


ATRAS DA PAGINA -Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to
NA FRENTE DA PAGINA -Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry'sever since a galley of type and scrambled it to
NA FRENTE DA PAGINA - text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. It has survived not only five centuries, but also the leap into electronic typesetting, remaining essentially unchanged. It was popularised in the 1960s with the release of Letraset sheets containing Lorem Ipsum passages, and more recently with desktop publishing software like Aldus PageMaker including versions of Lorem Ipsum.


SAT
The SAT is a standardized test widely used for college admissions in the United States. Since it was debuted by the College Board in 1926, its name and scoring have changed several times; originally called the Scholastic Aptitude Test, it was later called the Scholastic Assessment Test, then the SAT I: Reasoning Test, then the SAT Reasoning Test, then simply the SAT.
The SAT is wholly owned, developed, and published by the College Board, a private, non-profit organization in the United States. It is administered on behalf of the College Board by the Educational Testing Service, which until recently developed the SAT as well. The test is intended to assess students' readiness for college. The SAT was originally designed not to be aligned with high school curricula, but several adjustments were made for the version of the SAT introduced in 2016, and College Board president, David Coleman, has said that he also wanted to make the test reflect more closely what students learn in high school with the new Common Core standards.
On March 5, 2014, the College Board announced that a redesigned version of the SAT would be administered for the first time in 2016. The current SAT, introduced in 2016, takes three hours to finish, plus 50 minutes for the SAT with essay, and as of 2017 costs US$45 (US$57 with the optional essay), excluding late fees, with additional processing fees if the SAT is taken outside the United States. Scores on the SAT range from 400 to 1600, combining test results from two 800-point sections: mathematics, and critical reading and writing. Although taking the SAT, or its competitor the ACT, is required for freshman entry to many colleges and universities in the United States many colleges and universities are experimenting with test-optional admission requirements and alternatives to the SAT and ACT. Starting with the 2015–16 school year, the College Board began working with Khan Academy to provide free SAT preparation.
|


{% load tags %} {% url tab.views.index as home%} {% url tab.views.enter_school as enter_school %} {% url tab.views.view_schools as view_schools %} {% url tab.views.enter_room as enter_room %} {% url tab.views.view_rooms as view_rooms %} {% url tab.judge_views.enter_judge as enter_judge %} {% url tab.judge_views.view_judges as view_judges%} {% url tab.team_views.enter_team as enter_team %} {% url tab.team_views.view_teams as view_teams%} {% url tab.team_views.rank_teams_ajax as rank_teams %} {% url tab.team_views.all_tab_cards as tab_cards %} {% url django.contrib.auth.views.logout as logout %} {% url tab.debater_views.enter_debater as enter_debater %} {% url tab.debater_views.view_debaters as view_debaters %} {% url tab.debater_views.rank_debaters_ajax as rank_debaters %} {% url tab.pairing_views.view_status as view_status %} {% url tab.pairing_views.view_rounds as view_rounds %} {% url tab.pairing_views.pair_round as pair_round %} {% url tab.pairing_views.confirm_start_new_tourny as confirm_start_new_tourny %} {% url tab.pairing_views.manual_backup as backup %} {% url tab.pairing_views.view_backups as view_backups %} {% url tab.views.view_scratches as view_scratches %}


Elapser is a time lapse application for windows, mac, and linux created by Aaron Shappell.
v{{version}}


Hello my name is Zishan, this is my personal website. If you want to know more about me, click on the "About Me" button.
My name is Zishan, I am a professional web developer, I have been working as a web developer at Fiverr for 2 years.
All I KnowWebdevelop, Wordpress,& Illustration.
You can contact me in any need!.
Made with by MD 𝓕𝓪𝓱𝓲𝓶2020. All Rights Reserved


Tic Tac Toe Bot
A fun project to learn about different types of AI.
Uses two different approaches for the AI player
A
bruteforce
approach that generates every possible game.
An
intuitive
approach that weighs different moves.
Ongoing


--- layout: mtc title: Welcome! description: This is my site. Welcome. keywords: github pages,Jekyll,foundation 5 index: 1 icon: fa fa-home ---
How are you ?


A Single-Layer Random Forest Model for Pixel Classification (Image Segmentation) in Matlab
Code
For questions and feedback, contact Marcelo.


|
Cocop.AmqpMathToolConnector
2.1.0
API to connect math environment with AMQP
|
Public Member Functions | |
| AmqpPropsManager (String host, String excName, String user, String pwd) | |
| void | setPort (int i) |
| void | setSecure (boolean sec) |
| void | setExchangeDurable (boolean dur) |
| void | setExchangeAutoDelete (boolean aut) |
Holds message bus properties.
| eu.cocop.amqp2math.AmqpPropsManager.AmqpPropsManager | ( | String | host, |
| String | excName, | ||
| String | user, | ||
| String | pwd | ||
| ) |
Constructor.
| host | Host. |
| excName | Exchange name. |
| user | Username. |
| pwd | Password. |
| void eu.cocop.amqp2math.AmqpPropsManager.setExchangeAutoDelete | ( | boolean | aut | ) |
Gets whether the exchange shall apply "auto delete" (i.e., be automatically deleted when all queues have been deleted).
| aut | True if enabled, otherwise false. |
| void eu.cocop.amqp2math.AmqpPropsManager.setExchangeDurable | ( | boolean | dur | ) |
Sets whether the exchange shall be durable (i.e., survive a broker restart).
| dur | True if durable, otherwise false. |
| void eu.cocop.amqp2math.AmqpPropsManager.setPort | ( | int | i | ) |
Sets the AMQP server port. If not set, a default port will be chosen. The default depends on whether the connection is secure or not.
| i | Port number. |
| void eu.cocop.amqp2math.AmqpPropsManager.setSecure | ( | boolean | sec | ) |
Sets whether a secure connection is used. The default is "true".
| sec | True if secure, otherwise false. |
Before using this software, please make sure to read and understand LICENSE.txt.
COCOP - Coordinating Optimisation of Complex Industrial Processes
https://cocop-spire.eu/
This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 723661. This piece of software reflects only the authors' views, and the Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.


@main("Holiday Planner") {
Experience the beauty of the Hawaiian Islands in style. This package includes a stay at the world class Four Season's hotel, and access to the top rated beaches. Click here for more information.
Stay at the premiere skiing destination in the Rockies. This package includes lift tickets and a hotel room for the adventurer in in everyone. Book your trip here.
Fall in love with Italy at the premiere vacation spots in Venice. Explore the canals with a whole new perspective. Reserve your getaway here.


Package algorithms.graphs
Class ApproxGraphSearchZeng
- java.lang.Object
-
- algorithms.graphs.ApproxGraphSearchZeng
-
public class ApproxGraphSearchZeng extends java.lang.Object
implementing subgraph and full-graph query methods following the algorithms presented as pseudocode inComparing Stars: On Approximating Graph Edit Distance Zeng, Tung, Wang, Feng, and Zhou 2009, Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment, Volume 2, Issue 1, August 2009 pp 25–36 https://doi.org/10.14778/1687627.1687631
subgraph search: retrieve all the super-graphs of a given query graph Q from a graph database D = (D_1,D_2,...D_n). It finds all the graphs D_i(i=1,2,…,m.lt.n) such that Q is a subgraph of D_i. It also finds D_i that are subgraphs of Q. full graph search: find all graphs D_i in D s.t. D_i is the same as the query graph Q. similarity search: find all graphs D_i in D s.t. D_i is similar to the query graph Q within a user-specified threshold based on some similarity measures. in pattern recognition, GED is called graph matching. in information theory, GED is seeking the matched configuration of vertices that has maximum a posteriori probability w.r.t. the available vertex attribute information.- Author:
- nichole
-
-
Nested Class Summary
Nested Classes Modifier and Type Class Description static class
ApproxGraphSearchZeng.Graph
an undirected attributed graph(package private) static class
ApproxGraphSearchZeng.Norm
static class
ApproxGraphSearchZeng.Result
-
Constructor Summary
Constructors Constructor Description ApproxGraphSearchZeng()
-
Method Summary
All Methods Static Methods Instance Methods Concrete Methods Modifier and Type Method Description java.util.List<ApproxGraphSearchZeng.Result>
approxFullSearch(ApproxGraphSearchZeng.Graph q, java.util.List<ApproxGraphSearchZeng.Graph> db, double w, boolean useAsFilterWithoutOptimal)
find all graphs db_i in db s.t.java.util.List<ApproxGraphSearchZeng.Result>
approxSubSearch(ApproxGraphSearchZeng.Graph q, java.util.List<ApproxGraphSearchZeng.Graph> db, double w, boolean useAsFilterWithoutOptimal)
perform a lower-bound filter for sub-graph search, then an approx similarity sub-graph search if requested.(package private) static int[]
balancedBipartiteAssignment(double[][] distM)
(package private) static int[][]
createAdjacencyMatrix(StarStructure[] s)
(package private) static java.util.Set<PairInt>
getEdges(StarStructure[] s)
protected double
lowerBoundEditDistance(StarStructure[] sg1, StarStructure[] sg2, int mappingDist)
calculate Lm(g1, g2) = μ(g1, g2) / max{4, [max{δ(g1), δ(g2)} + 1]} following Sect 4.2.2 of Zeng et al.protected int
mappingDistance(StarStructure[] sg1, StarStructure[] sg2, int[] assignments)
Given two multi-sets of star structures S1 and S2, normalize them to create the same cardinality, and assume P :S1→S2 is a bijection.(package private) static ApproxGraphSearchZeng.Norm
normalize(StarStructure[] sg1, StarStructure[] sg2)
protected double
optimalEditDistance(StarStructure[] sg1, StarStructure[] sg2, gnu.trove.map.TObjectIntMap<PairInt> e1Labels, gnu.trove.map.TObjectIntMap<PairInt> e2Labels, int[][] a1, int[][] a2, int[] refinedAssign, double tau)
calculates the optimal edit distance by permuting the vertex assignments to find the one which results in the minimum C(g, h, P).protected double
refinedSuboptimalEditDistance(StarStructure[] sg1, StarStructure[] sg2, gnu.trove.map.TObjectIntMap<PairInt> e1Labels, gnu.trove.map.TObjectIntMap<PairInt> e2Labels, int[][] a1, int[][] a2, int[] refinedAssign, double tau, double[][] distM)
calculates the refined suboptimal edit distance by swapping the vertex assignments and calculating the suboptimal distance, keeping the permuted assignments that result in the smallest edit distance.protected gnu.trove.map.TIntIntMap
reverseAssignment(int[] assign)
void
setEdgesAreLabeled(boolean labeled)
set the property edgesAreLabeled to true or false (default is false), to add the cost of edge insert, delete, and substitutions into edit distances.protected double
suboptimalEditDistance(StarStructure[] sg1, StarStructure[] sg2, gnu.trove.map.TObjectIntMap<PairInt> e1Labels, gnu.trove.map.TObjectIntMap<PairInt> e2Labels, int[] assignments)
calculate compute τ(g,h) as C(g, h, P)protected double
suboptimalEditDistanceV(StarStructure[] sg1, StarStructure[] sg2, int[][] a1, int[][] a2, int[] assignments)
calculate compute τ(g,h) as C(g, h, P) for the graphs with vertex labeling but no edge labeling
-
-
-
Method Detail
-
setEdgesAreLabeled
public void setEdgesAreLabeled(boolean labeled)
set the property edgesAreLabeled to true or false (default is false), to add the cost of edge insert, delete, and substitutions into edit distances.- Parameters:
labeled
-
-
approxFullSearch
public java.util.List<ApproxGraphSearchZeng.Result> approxFullSearch(ApproxGraphSearchZeng.Graph q, java.util.List<ApproxGraphSearchZeng.Graph> db, double w, boolean useAsFilterWithoutOptimal) throws java.lang.InterruptedException
find all graphs db_i in db s.t. db_i is the same as the query graph q within a graph edit distance threshold w. implementing full-graph query method following the algorithms presented as pseudocode inComparing Stars: On Approximating Graph Edit Distance Zeng, Tung, Wang, Feng, and Zhou 2009, Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment, Volume 2, Issue 1, August 2009 pp 25–36 https://doi.org/10.14778/1687627.1687631
The method attempts to avoid the expensive graph edit distance computation by filtering out graphs that definitely will not be in the answer set. The best-case runtime complexity is Θ(n^3), while the worse is exponential in terms of n for the optimal search, where n is the number of vertices. This method implements Algorithm 3 of the paper.- Parameters:
q
- the query graphdb
- list of graphs in a databasew
- graph edit distance threshold for the matches in the search. the lower bound, sub-optimal, refined sub-optimal, and optimal costs are less than or equal to w.useAsFilterWithoutOptimal
- if true, the algorithm will return db graphs that passed the bounds of graph edit distances within the given threshold w and the algorithm will not execute the exponential optimal algorithm. if false, the algorithm will run the filters and then the optimal graph search and return the results.- Returns:
- graphs all db_i in db s.t. db_i is the same as the query graph q within a graph edit distance threshold w
- Throws:
java.lang.InterruptedException
-
approxSubSearch
public java.util.List<ApproxGraphSearchZeng.Result> approxSubSearch(ApproxGraphSearchZeng.Graph q, java.util.List<ApproxGraphSearchZeng.Graph> db, double w, boolean useAsFilterWithoutOptimal)
perform a lower-bound filter for sub-graph search, then an approx similarity sub-graph search if requested. sub-graph search retrieves all the super-graphs of a given query graph Q from a graph database db = (db_0, db_1, ...db_n-1). It finds all the graphs db_i(i=0,1,2,…,m-1.lt.n-1) such that Q is a subgraph of db_i. It also finds db_i that are subgraphs of Q. The method implements the description of the APPSUB algorithm from Zeng et al. 2009.Comparing Stars: On Approximating Graph Edit Distance Zeng, Tung, Wang, Feng, and Zhou 2009, Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment, Volume 2, Issue 1, August 2009 pp 25–36 https://doi.org/10.14778/1687627.1687631
from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subgraph_isomorphism_problem Subgraph isomorphism is a generalization of both the maximum clique problem and the problem of testing whether a graph contains a Hamiltonian cycle, and is therefore NP-complete. However certain other cases of subgraph isomorphism may be solved in polynomial time. still browsing these for the sub-graph search after the lower bound filter.inexact graph matching method with subgraph indexing: T. E. Choe, H. Deng, F. Guo, M. W. Lee and N. Haering, "Semantic Video-to-Video Search Using Sub-graph Grouping and Matching," 2013 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops, 2013, pp. 787-794, doi: 10.1109/ICCVW.2013.108. Graph Pattern Matching: From Intractable to Polynomial Time, Fan et al. 2010 The 36th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases, September 13-17, 2010, Singapore. Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment, Vol. 3, No. 1 In a variety of applications one wants to inspect the connectivity of a pair of nodes via a path of an arbitrary length [10, 16, 29] or with a bound on the number of hops. * Tu et al. 2020, "Inexact Attributed Subgraph Matching" https://github.com/lihuiliullh/GFinder-Proj Fard, A., Nisar, M.U., Ramaswamy, L., Miller, J.A., Saltz, M.: A distributed vertex-centric approach for pattern matching in massive graphs. In: BigData, pp 403–411 (2013) Foggia, P., Percannella, G., Vento, M.: Graph matching and learning in pattern recognition in the last 10 years. Int. J. Pattern Recognit. Artif. Intell. 28(1), 1450001 (2014) Gallagher, B.: Matching structure and semantics: A survey on graph-based pattern matching. In: AAAI FS-06-02, pp 45–53 (2006) Khan, A., Wu, Y., Aggarwal, C.C., Yan, X.: NeMa: Fast graph search with label similarity. PVLDB 6(3), 181–192 (2013) Liu,G.,Zheng,K.,Wang,Y.,Orgun,M.A.,Liu,A.,Zhao,L.,Zhou,X.:Multi-constrainedgraphpattern matching in large-scale contextual social graphs. In: ICDE, pp 351–362 (2015) Ma, S., Cao, Y., Fan, W., Huai, J., Wo, T.: Capturing topology in graph pattern matching. PVLDB 5(4), 310–321 (2011) Tabei, Y., Tsuda, K.: Kernel-based similarity search in massive graph databases with wavelet trees. In: SDM, pp 154–163 (2011) Wang, X., Smalter, A.M., Huan, J., Lushington, G.H.: G-hash: towards fast kernel-based similarity search in large graph databases. In: EDBT, pp 472–480 (2009) Yan, X., Yu, P.S., Han, J.: Substructure similarity search in graph databases. In: SIGMOD, pp 766–777 (2005) Zhang, S., Yang, J., Jin, W.: SAPPER: Subgraph indexing and approximate matching in large graphs. PVLDB 3(1), 1185–1194 (2010 Zou,L.,Chen,L.,O ̈zsu,M.T.:Distance-join:Patternmatchqueryinalargegraphdatabase.PVLDB 2(1), 886–897 (2009)
- Parameters:
q
- the query graphdb
- list of graphs in a databasew
- graph edit distance threshold used in the search when comparing the query with each database graph. the total threshold for the lower bound is abs(|V_q|-|V_db_i|) + abs(|E_q|-|E_db_i|) + 2*w.useAsFilterWithoutOptimal
- if true, the algorithm will return db graphs that passed the bounds of graph edit distances within the given threshold w and the algorithm will not execute the exponential optimal algorithm. if false, the algorithm will run the filters and then the optimal graph search and return the results.- Returns:
- all graphs db_i in db s.t. db_i is the same as the query graph Q
-
suboptimalEditDistance
protected double suboptimalEditDistance(StarStructure[] sg1, StarStructure[] sg2, gnu.trove.map.TObjectIntMap<PairInt> e1Labels, gnu.trove.map.TObjectIntMap<PairInt> e2Labels, int[] assignments)
calculate compute τ(g,h) as C(g, h, P)references: Section 4.3 of Zeng et al. 2009. and Chapter 3., pg 45, Algorithm 1 of Feng 2017, PHD Thesis in CSE, UNSW, AU, "Efficiently Computing Graph Similarity and Graph Connectivity"
- Parameters:
sg1
- star structures for graph g1sg2
- star structures for graph g2e1Labels
- map having key = edge in graph g1, value = edge labele2Labels
- map having key = edge in graph g2, value = edge labelassignments
- array of bipartite assignments. assignments[0] is the matching sg1[0] to sg2[assignments[0]];- Returns:
-
suboptimalEditDistanceV
protected double suboptimalEditDistanceV(StarStructure[] sg1, StarStructure[] sg2, int[][] a1, int[][] a2, int[] assignments)
calculate compute τ(g,h) as C(g, h, P) for the graphs with vertex labeling but no edge labelingreferences: Section 4.3 of Zeng et al. 2009. and Chapter 3., pg 45, Algorithm 1 of Feng 2017, PHD Thesis in CSE, UNSW, AU, "Efficiently Computing Graph Similarity and Graph Connectivity"
- Parameters:
sg1
- star structures for graph g1sg2
- star structures for graph g2a1
- adjacency matrix for graph g1a2
- adjacency matrix for graph g2assignments
- array of bipartite assignments. assignments[0] is the matching sg1[0] to sg2[assignments[0]];- Returns:
-
lowerBoundEditDistance
protected double lowerBoundEditDistance(StarStructure[] sg1, StarStructure[] sg2, int mappingDist)
calculate Lm(g1, g2) = μ(g1, g2) / max{4, [max{δ(g1), δ(g2)} + 1]} following Sect 4.2.2 of Zeng et al. 2009.- Parameters:
sg1
- star structures for graph g1sg2
- star structures for graph g2mappingDist
- mapping distance calculated using Definition 4.3 in Section 4.2.1 in Zeng et al. 2009.- Returns:
-
mappingDistance
protected int mappingDistance(StarStructure[] sg1, StarStructure[] sg2, int[] assignments)
Given two multi-sets of star structures S1 and S2, normalize them to create the same cardinality, and assume P :S1→S2 is a bijection. The distance ζ between S_1 and S_2 is the summation of the edit distance over an assignment of vertexes solved by bipartite matching of the vertex labels.- Parameters:
sg1
- star structures for graph g1sg2
- star structures for graph g2assignments
- array of bipartite assignments. assignments[0] is the matching sg1[0] to sg2[assignments[0]];- Returns:
-
createAdjacencyMatrix
static int[][] createAdjacencyMatrix(StarStructure[] s)
-
getEdges
static java.util.Set<PairInt> getEdges(StarStructure[] s)
-
refinedSuboptimalEditDistance
protected double refinedSuboptimalEditDistance(StarStructure[] sg1, StarStructure[] sg2, gnu.trove.map.TObjectIntMap<PairInt> e1Labels, gnu.trove.map.TObjectIntMap<PairInt> e2Labels, int[][] a1, int[][] a2, int[] refinedAssign, double tau, double[][] distM)
calculates the refined suboptimal edit distance by swapping the vertex assignments and calculating the suboptimal distance, keeping the permuted assignments that result in the smallest edit distance.- Parameters:
sg1
- star structures for graph g1sg2
- star structures for graph g2e1Labels
- map having key = edge in graph g1, value = edge labele2Labels
- map having key = edge in graph g2, value = edge labela1
- adjacency matrix for graph g1a2
- adjacency matrix for graph g2refinedAssign
- input initial vertex assignments and output refined vertex assignments.tau
- the sub-optimal edit distance C(g,h,P) where P is formed from the given assignments in refinedAssign.distM
- cost matrix for bipartite assignments of vertexes in sg1 to sg2- Returns:
-
optimalEditDistance
protected double optimalEditDistance(StarStructure[] sg1, StarStructure[] sg2, gnu.trove.map.TObjectIntMap<PairInt> e1Labels, gnu.trove.map.TObjectIntMap<PairInt> e2Labels, int[][] a1, int[][] a2, int[] refinedAssign, double tau) throws java.lang.InterruptedException
calculates the optimal edit distance by permuting the vertex assignments to find the one which results in the minimum C(g, h, P). (see section 4.3 of Zeng et al. 2009). the runtime complexity is n!.- Parameters:
sg1
- star structures for graph g1sg2
- star structures for graph g2e1Labels
- map having key = edge in graph g1, value = edge labele2Labels
- map having key = edge in graph g2, value = edge labela1
- adjacency matrix for graph g1a2
- adjacency matrix for graph g2refinedAssign
- input initial vertex assignments and output refined vertex assignments.tau
- the sub-optimal edit distance C(g,h,P) where P is formed from the given assignments in refinedAssign.- Returns:
- Throws:
java.lang.InterruptedException
- exception thrown if thread is interrupted. The permutation code is running in a separate thread using a semaphore model to pause and continue execution.
-
reverseAssignment
protected gnu.trove.map.TIntIntMap reverseAssignment(int[] assign)
- Parameters:
assign
-- Returns:
-
normalize
static ApproxGraphSearchZeng.Norm normalize(StarStructure[] sg1, StarStructure[] sg2)
-
balancedBipartiteAssignment
static int[] balancedBipartiteAssignment(double[][] distM)
-
-


Fierce Nation Entertainment signs new act - The Nation Newspaper
ONE of Nigeria’s record labels, Fierce Nation Entertainment, has signed on a new act, Kusimo Olawale Abeeb, with the stage name, Diamond Jimma.
Jimma, who is known in the street pop scene with his ‘Aje’ cover, described his style of music as ‘Afro-fusion & Alternative’ and said he aims to capture the hearts of the public with his unique sound.
A fan of alternative pop acts such as Adekunle Gold, the 22 year old artiste said that he draws inspiration from his background and surroundings, telling compelling stories about love, life and struggles of a young man growing up in Nigeria.
Speaking on the signing of Diamond Jimma, CEO Jackson Fierce said the new signee is part of the label’s commitment in artistes’ grooming and development.
Read Also: Praiz signs new act, Dapo
“At Fierce Nation, we aim to take the best music talents to the peak of their game, supporting them with access to the best minds in the industry,” Fierce said.
Diamond Jimma is currently about to serve his first official single to the public right before he embarks on a nationwide campus tour at the beginning of the New Year.


Issue: HASH-TABLE-KEY-MODIFICATIONReferences: CLtL page 282, page 168 (last paragraph in 10.2)
X3J13 Proposal EQUAL-STRUCTURE:MAYBE-STATUS-QUO (passed 6/89)
Category: CLARIFICATION
Edit history: Version 1, 12-Sep-88, Moon, for discussion
Version 2, 05-Feb-90, by Kim A. Barrett,
rewrite with more explicit constraints
Version 3, 16-Feb-90, by Kim Barrett, KMP (respond to comments from Moon)
Problem description:
CLtL is silent about what happens if you modify a component of an object that
is used as a hash-table key.
Proposal (HASH-TABLE-KEY-MODIFICATION:SPECIFY):
Define that the function supplied as the :TEST argument to MAKE-HASH-TABLE
specifies the `equivalence test' for the new hash table.
Define that an object is `visibly modified' with regard to an equivalence test
if there exists some set of objects (or potential objects) which are equivalent
to the object before the modification but are no longer equivalent afterwards.
If an object is used as a key in a hash table and is then visibly modified
with regard to the equivalence test of the hash table, then using the object
as a key in further operations on the hash table has unspecified consequences.
Moreover, this applies for other objects which either are or were equivalent
to the key object. Further, undoing the modification does not remove this
effect.
Following are specifications of the modifications which are visible to the
equivalence tests which must be supported by hash tables. The modifications
are described in terms of modification of components, and are defined
recursively. Visible modifications of components of the object are visible
modifications of the object.
Common Lisp does not specify any method for visibly modifying any data type
with regard to either of these equivalence tests.
2. EQUAL
As a consequence of the behavior for EQUAL specified by Issue
EQUAL-STRUCTURE, the specification for this case reverts to the previous
description for EQ and EQL for many data types. The exceptions are
a. CONS
b. BIT-VECTOR
Elements of the vector, limited by the fill-pointer if present.
The length of the vector, if adjustable or a fill-pointer is present.
c. STRING
Same as for BIT-VECTOR.
d. PATHNAME
Common Lisp does not specify any method for visibly modifying a PATHNAME
with regard to EQUAL.
3. EQUALP
As a consequence of the behavior for EQUALP specified by Issue
EQUAL-STRUCTURE, the specification for this case reverts to the previous
description for EQUAL for many data types. The exceptions are
a. NUMBER
Common Lisp does not specify any method for visibly modifying a NUMBER
with regard to EQUALP.
b. CHARACTER
Common Lisp does not specify any method for visibly modifying a CHARACTER
with regard to EQUALP.
c. STRUCTURE
The values of the slots.
d. VECTOR
Elements of the vector, limited by the fill-pointer if present.
The length of the vector, if adjustable or a fill-pointer is present.
e. ARRAY
Elements of the array, limited by the fill-pointer if present.
The value of the fill-pointer, if present.
The dimensions, if adjustable.
f. HASH-TABLE
The count of entries in the table.
The keys. Note that the visibility of modifications to the keys depends
on the equivalence test of the hash table, not on the specification of
The values associated with the keys.
Implementations which extend the language by providing additional mutator
functions (or additional behavior for existing mutator functions) must
document how the use of these extensions interacts with equivalence tests and
hash table searches.
Implementations which extend the language by defining additional acceptable
equivalence tests for hash tables (allowing additional values for the :TEST
argument to MAKE-HASH-TABLE) must document the visible components of these
tests.
Test Cases/Examples:
(setf ht (make-hash-table :test #'eq))
(gethash a ht 'lose) => win t
The same example with :test #'equal in the first line would be an error.
The following example is not an error, because EQUAL does not examine the
components of general vectors:
(setf ht (make-hash-table :test #'equal))
(gethash a ht 'lose) => win t
The following example is not an error, because EQUALP is limited by the
fill-pointer when examining the elements of a vector:
(setf ht (make-hash-table :test #'equalp))
(setf a (make-array 3 :fill-pointer 2 :initial-contents '(1 2 3)))
(gethash a ht 'lose) => win t
The following example is an error, because EQUALP may examine the dimensions
of arrays:
(setf ht (make-hash-table :test #'equalp))
(setf a (make-array '(2 3) :adjustable t))
(setf a (adjust-array a '(3 2)))
(gethash a ht 'lose) => `unspecified'
The following example is not an error, because EQUALP is case insensitive:
(setf ht (make-hash-table :test #'equalp))
(setf a "ABC")
(gethash a ht 'lose) => win t
The same example with :test #'equal in the first line would be an error.
Rationale:
EQ and EQL hash tables use the identity of the object as the key, while EQUAL
and EQUALP hash tables use the structure of the object as the key. Component
modification changes the structure of an object, while the identity of an
object cannot be changed in Common Lisp.
Specifying `unspecified consequences' provides implementation freedom, while
still providing guidance to users.
This is a generalization of the warning on p.168 of CLtL.
Note that this proposal implies that it is invalid to use an overly general
hash function, such as SXHASH, as the hash function for EQ or EQL hash tables.
The value of SXHASH can be affected by component modifications, and this is
likely to cause hash table entries to become inaccessible. The general rule
for this is that a hash function must not depend on the value of some
property of an object if modification of that property is not visible to the
associated equivalence function.
The documentation requirements for extensions seems like the minimal necessary
thing, assuming we want to talk about extensions at all.
Current practice:
I am not aware of any implementations that do not conform to the proposal.
Some implementations which provide any of the described extensions may not
conform to the documentation requirement.
Cost to Implementors:
Most implementations probably already conform. It is possible that some
implementations might have to use a different hash function in their
implementation of some hash tables in order to conform.
Cost to Users:
None.
Cost of non-adoption:
Users would not be sure whether they were allowed to perform side effects on
objects that might have been used as keys of hash tables.
Benefits:
More specific language semantics.
Esthetics:
More specific language semantics.
Discussion:
Version 1
Discussion on the Common-Lisp mailing list was in favor of this.
Version 2
Barrett:
The two paragraphs about language extensions could be stricken without really
affecting the proposal.
This proposal does not deal with any of the performance issues addressed by
Issue HASH-TABLE-STABILITY. Rather, it provides guidance to users and
implementors as to the requirements for conforming programs.
`Unspecified consequences' could be changed to 'undefined consequences',
though it seems unlikely that this is actually a 'crash and burn' situation.
(The program which was depending on the result of the operation may exhibit
undefined consequences as a result of the hash-table operation's having
unspecified consequences, but that's not the same thing.)
Moon:
Re: Define that an object is 'visibly modified' with regard to an
equivalence test if there exists some class of objects which were
equivalent to the object before the modification but are no longer
equivalent afterwards.
Except for ... the use of "class" to mean "set" rather than the
usual CLOS meaning, it looks okay. Actually where it says "some
class of objects", a single object would be sufficient. X is
visibly modified if there exists any Y such that (funcall test X Y)
produces a different result, provided (this is missing from Kim's
writeup) Y has not been modified [whatever that means exactly].
Pitman and Barrett support this proposal (v3).


From - {{obj.source}} To - {{obj.destination}} Type - {{obj.carType}} Date of Journey - {{obj.journeyDate}}
*Prices may vary at peak hours.


Flights are possible at any time of the year, but only under safe weather conditions. No flights allowed when it's raining heavily. We carefully check the wind speed. If there is something wrong with the weather, we'll refund you the full cost of tickets. We can set another flight time if you're interested.
Rent a full basket for an hour. Only our instructor will be with you in the basket. Also, we can offer some nice supplements. If you want to make your date special, we can offer to you some champagne or flowers. Check our prices!
We offer a big discount if you are a group of four people. If you're a family, you can also use this discount. Please note that our baskets are limited: four is the maximal amount of people in the basket during one flight. Our experienced instructor will be in the basket.
Our manager shall contact you soon after.


Otumfuo Visits Bawumia At Jubilee House
by Peace FM OnlineThe Asantehene, Otumfuo Osei Tutu II, has paid a courtesy call on Vice President Dr. Mahamudu Bawumia.
The visit took place on Friday evening, November 22, 2019, at the seat of Government, Jubilee House.
That was after the Asantehene delivered a lecture at the University of Professional Studies, Accra.
“It was such an honour to receive Otumfuo at the Jubilee House,” Dr. Bawumia said.
“We discussed issues of national interest geared towards national development and growth,” he noted.
Featured Video


| Package | Description |
|---|---|
| io.permazen |
Abstraction layer allowing access to a
Database using normal Java objects. |
| io.permazen.core |
Core classes for the Permazen Java persistence layer.
|
| Modifier and Type | Class and Description |
|---|---|
class |
UpgradeConversionException
Exception thrown when an object is upgraded, some simple field's type changes, the field is
configured with
UpgradeConversionPolicy.REQUIRE ,
and automated conversion of the field's value to the new type fails. |
class |
ValidationException
Thrown when
JTransaction.validate() (or JTransaction.commit() ) fails due to one or more validation errors. |
| Modifier and Type | Class and Description |
|---|---|
class |
DeletedObjectException
Thrown when an object is accessed but the object does not exist in its associated transaction.
|
class |
InconsistentDatabaseException
Thrown when inconsistent content is detected in a
Database indicating a corrupted or invalid database,
or a buggy underlying key-value store. |
class |
InvalidObjectVersionException
Thrown when an object is found to have an invalid schema version.
|
class |
InvalidSchemaException
Thrown by
Database.createTransaction(io.permazen.schema.SchemaModel, int, boolean) when the provided schema is invalid. |
class |
ReferencedObjectException
Thrown on an attempt to delete an object which is still referenced
by a
ReferenceField configured for DeleteAction.EXCEPTION . |
class |
RollbackOnlyTransactionException
Thrown on an attempt to
commit() a transaction that has been marked rollback-only. |
class |
SchemaMismatchException
Thrown by
Database.createTransaction(io.permazen.schema.SchemaModel, int, boolean) when the given schema cannot be matched with the
schema of the same version already recorded in the database, or cannot be added to the database
because it is incompatible with one or more prior schema versions. |
class |
StaleTransactionException
Thrown when a transaction that has been committed, rolled back, or otherwise invalidated is accessed.
|
class |
TransactionException
Superclass of exceptions associated with a specific
Transaction . |
class |
TypeNotInSchemaVersionException
Thrown when attempting to update a database object to a schema version in which the object's type is not defined.
|
class |
UnknownFieldException
Thrown when an unknown field is accessed.
|
class |
UnknownIndexException
Thrown when an unknown index is accessed.
|
class |
UnknownTypeException
Thrown when attempting to access an unknown type.
|
Copyright © 2020. All rights reserved.


Conformance Label:
-
CP SCORM 2004 4th Edition Conformant
The content package shall adhere to the Testing Requirements defined for the following Conformance Categories:
-
Content Package Content Aggregation Model Version 1.1 (CP CAM 1.1)
-
Content Package Run-Time Environment Version 1.1 (CP RTE 1.1)
|
Conformance Category:
Requirements Summary
-
The content package shall conform to the requirements defined for the content package.
-
If the content package is a SCORM 2004 4th Edition Content Aggregation Content Package
Application Profile, then the manifest shall conform to the Content Aggregation Content Package
Application Profile Manifest requirements.
-
If the content package is a SCORM 2004 4th Edition Content Aggregation Content Package
Application Profile and the manifest contains SCORM 2004 4th Edition Sequencing
information, then the sequencing extensions in the manifest shall conform to the SCORM 2004
4th Edition Sequencing Extension requirements.
-
If the content package is a SCORM 2004 4th Edition Content Aggregation content package
Application Profile and the manifest contains SCORM 2004 4th Edition
Navigation/Presentation information, then the navigation/presentation extensions in the manifest
shall conform to the SCORM 2004 4th Edition Navigation/Presentation Extension requirements.
-
If the content package is a SCORM 2004 4th Edition Resource Content Package Application
Profile, then the manifest shall conform to the Resource Content Package Application Profile
Manifest requirements.
-
If the content package manifest contains metadata, then the metadata instance shall be well-formed
and valid according to the corresponding provided Controlling Document (e.g., XSD, DTD).
|
Conformance Category:
Requirements Summary
-
The content package shall contain at least one SCO resource or asset resource.
-
All SCO resources identified in the manifest shall conform with the SCO Testing Requirements.
|


Hi!
Can You imagine Japan?
What is first to appear in Your mind? Is it a pale pink tree with its petals flying in the air? Or maybe it is a magnificent mountain, the slopes of which are covered with peculiar plants. A mesmerizing sunset on the ocean? Social media tend to paint a picture with pastel colors, describing the nature of this country as tender and fragile. And while there is some truth in this idyll, deep under the surface the anger and power of volcanoes awaits for its hour. Sounds overly dramatic; however, there are more than a hundred of active volcanoes on the islands. In fact, Japan is also known for the largest earthquake activity in the world. But for the sake of this interview let’s settle with the image of one gorgeous Japanese spring.
Today we will chat with a man from this amazing country. Rogatka enjoys cycling in Tokyo with his wife. When they go for longer distances, for instance, sightseeing around Japan, they use a car or a train.
“Recently, my friend and I have gone cycling to Kujukuri beach in Chiba. It was one of the most comfortable trips I have ever had. We used bicycles and a train.”
Rogatka refers to B.B.BASE trains. These give new opportunities for cyclists, providing them with a quick and convenient way of getting to the ideal location, from where they can continue their journey by bike.
Rogatka and his wife started travelling about 3 years ago. Their first trip a group cycling event at the foot of Mount Fuji was in 2017. Rogatka only started using OsmAnd last year.
“I tried various applications, but I think only OsmAnd supports voice navigation of my own route, this function is the most important to me. When cycling through a tourist destination for the first time, I always create a new cycling route in advance. My prep routine looks like this: I start with STRAVA to create a route beforehand, then, I convert the created route to GPX file and import it into OsmAnd. When the app performs all the navigation, it is much easier for us to follow the route smoothly. It is very helpful, I am able to lead my companion without using hands or staring at the screen of my smartphone.”
However, Rogatka says that there are some aspects of navigation that are not perfect. When the app uses a custom route, Y-intersections are not read properly, so the app leads You straight.
“In such a case, it is necessary to devise a way to add a stop to the self-made route. To make sure, you can check the final edited track by using the simulation function. The difficulty is that the simulation takes a long time.”
On OSM website You can find loads of guidelines and helping tips for travelers, especially on the most confusing and demanding subjects, such as Y intersections.
“I use bone conduction headphones for voice navigation, because Japanese municipal ordinances prohibit using ones that cover ears. Voice navigation by OsmAnd is so useful, it is indispensable when cycling in unknown lands!”
Rogatka says that if he uses only voice navigation, OsmAnd will not consume sufficient amount of battery on his device.
“Since navigation is possible without displaying the screen, the battery consumption is about 70% when launched in parallel with other applications, even if you use it all day.”
We want to be better for You that is why we appreciate all the feedback we receive. The data of the app is gradually getting bigger, so it can be hard to control it. Never hesitate to contact us in case You find a flaw that needs fixing.
“The simulation function of OsmAnd is extremely interesting, but I think it will be more convenient if a user is able to adjust the speed. Currently, simulations of long distance routes take far too long. Also, I am not sure whether it is due to my misconfiguration or the app, the automatic navigation with normal navigation features is not very reliable. We hope that OsmAnd will develop in the future!”
One of the greatests aspects of our interviews is the chance to see the world through the pictures of fellow travelers. The photos You have just seen depict Japan in its peace and grace. Maybe social media are not wrong after all - positive image cheers us up and nudges us to travel to those fairytale places, to see the beauty of nature, to breathe the fresh air of the mountains, and to listen to the song of the ocean.
Have a great time.
See You in the next interview!
Sayōnara!
______________________________
OsmAnd at Facebook, Twitter, and Reddit!
Join us at our groups of Telegram (EN), (IT), (FR), (DE), (RU), (UA).


Bin Inspection
0
July 17, 2008
(
) —
HTTP Method:
POST
—
Response time:
123 ms.
HTTP Headers
Test1:
Value1
Test2:
Value2
Query Parameters
Test1:
Value1
Test2:
Value2
Request Body
{ "test": "hest" }


If you want a snake for a pet, you need to take care of it. You will need the gear for having a pet snake. Get a clear tank with a tight-fitting lid. Do not keep the tank bare. Set newspaper at the bottom. Provide a small box in the tank for the snake to hide under. Snakes like hiding spots. To keep the snake warm, set a heat lamp near the tank. Snakes do not need to eat every day, but they always need water in the tank. Snakes sleep a lot. Be careful when you hold a snake. You need to be aware that snakes can bite. But many snakes are harmless and you do not need to be afraid of them. You can have a pair of snakes as pets. Before getting asnake, you need to prepare. Go to a pet store and ask questions. Compare different kinds of snakes.
in-context


As a software engineer with experience in building web and mobile apps, I understand and appreciate the importance of creating an efficient automated pipeline for the builds and tests. It is crucial as the first part of the automation of the whole software delivery cycle.
Now, as a full time DevOps engineer and evangelist. I have the chance to improve and manage the automated continous delivery/deployment and also the monitoring of a product. Everybody wants to deploy fast, but we should also be able to know in real time, what is happening inside the product.
As a DevOps evangelist, one of my main goal is to improve the software creation and delivery, one team at a time.


2017 has been a popular year for New releases as a lot of top tier games sequel's are coming out this year. Here are some of the games that will be coming out later on in 2017!
Call to Action!"God of War 4" is a sequel to the previous "God of War" game. Its a best selling game. here's some more information about the God Of War 4 releasing sometime in 2018!
More Info"Destiny 2" is a sequel to the popular "Destiny" game that came out on. Here is Information about the "Destiny 2" game releasing this September 6, 2017!
More InfoHere is Information about the "Assassin's Creed Origins" game coming out This october 27, 2017.
More Info


Mac Mini SSD
It’s clear that SSD’s are far faster than their mechanical counterparts. Using a computer with a spinning hard drive after you’ve been used to an SSD can be tantamount to torture. Sure, it works, but sitting there waiting for items to load can be real drag. One of the worst contenders I’ve seen is Atom (or Outlook if you happen to be using my work laptop - that is SLOW to load). Considering Atom is a text editor and I only really want to open small files, it’s a real pain to wait for it to open so I will often use something else, driving me away from what is a pretty good program (with some plugins added).
However, not everything comes with an SSD as standard. My current work laptop is fitted with a spinner and this really slows the laptop down, which considering it has an Intel i5, shouldn’t really be the case (the 4GB RAM doesn’t help either mind). Likewise, my 2014 Mac Mini comes with the stock 500 GB hard drive fitted (like the laptop, it’s a 5,400 RPM 2.5" hard drive). Whilst I can’t do anything with my work laptop (as it’s not mine), I could potentially change the hard drive in the Mac Mini.
Or at least I could have done. However, getting to the hard drive of the Mac Mini is fraught with removing it from the case! It’s not the simple case of replacing the 2.5" hard drive like on my Lenovo X220. However, Apple have made it relatively straight forward to boot a Mac from a USB drive and therefore I’m able to install macOS Sierra onto the external drive and boot from that instead.
Portable SSD
For a while, I was carrying around a Sandisk Portable SSD with me. I’d got the 250GB version and it carried with me my entire music collection, as well as all my documents, pictures, eBooks and even all the projects I was working on at work - it seems 250GB was plentiful. This was encrypted by Bitlocker and worked fantastically well. The device is light and easy to carry and seemed to be better than using a USB stick.
However, the big issue arose from having to carry the device and the USB cable! I’d often forget one and not the other. As a USB 3 drive, I didn’t yet have enough cables lying about the place to make it handy. I used to keep a cable in the office and a cable at home so it was fine between these two locations, but anywhere else, I’d run into trouble. Without the cable, I was unable to access the drive and after a number of times of doing this, I ended up not carrying it with me 1.
So it was sat and home and ended up being the prime candidate for being used for the external drive for the Mac. This should be the ideal size for macOS to be installed, along with the programs I need and for most of my files. The music and larger files that I might not need access to could be left on the internal drive.
Installing
I followed the instructions here. It relied on me downloading a copy of macOS Sierra from the App Store which was the first thing that I did when I got the Mac Mini.
Once that was done, it was simply a case of following the instructions.
This involved download macOS Sierra and then creating a USB install disc. Once that was done, I had to boot from the USB (install disc) and install the system to the USB SSD. Installation was quick and I was then able to boot into the initial install and select the external SSD as the main boot device in the Startup Disk menu of the System Preferences.
When I rebooted, I was then greeted with macOS booting from the SSD!
With a bit of editing of partition sizes, I’ve kept the original install of macOS on the computer in case I need it for whatever reason, but I partitioned some of the space for storage of my music and backups.
This way, the majority of the space on the SSD can be for documents, programs and settings etc of the system.
Niggles
I guess it wouldn’t be a computer without a few set of niggles.
Mainly, it seems that if the screen powers off, the Mac will freeze. I turned off the shut off hard drives option in power settings in case that was the issue but it still seemed to occur, so I’ve just set the time out of the screen to a larger value and it seems to be Ok at the minute.
Other than that, there hasn’t really been any issues, at least not with the install, but I have some issues with my Logitech K350 keyboard and the media buttons.
I can’t really compare the speed of the system to that of the system prior as I didn’t really use it - I just installed the SSD straight away. However, I know when I had the 27” iMac that there was a potential lag on loading programs, where there doesn’t seem to be on this system. The Mac doesn’t (yet) seem to be constrained by only 4GB RAM and a lower power CPU. In fairness, for day to day office use and browsing, I’ve not really run into any issues with it at all. Time will tell as things go on!
Overall, it’s been a worthwhile investment and the Mac flys along. I’d recommend it if you’ve got a Mac Mini (or other Mac) that doesn’t have an SSD and you can’t (or don’t) want to open it up to install one. I don’t realise that mine is running from an external drive at all.
Lesson learned - stick with standard USB devices until enough people have a USB 3 cable lying around! ↩


Akan names are derived from the Ghanaian culture. That's because the Akan people often name their children after the day of the week they were born. Depending on the gender, male and female names are different. Below are the names for both genders. Click this link to read more about the Akan people of Ghana.
The Akan are a meta-ethnicity living in the countries of present-day Ghana and Ivory Coast. Akan culture can also be found in the Americas, where a number of their descendants were taken as captives.
Read more


unitType - temporal unit type
Label
temporal unit type
Sub property of
Definition
An indicator of the temporal precision of a time instant
Imported from
Label
temporal unit type
Sub property of
Definition
An indicator of the temporal precision of a time instant
Imported from