Nintendo Switch Pro controller gets native support in Android 10
Source: Android Central
What you need to know
- Android 10 has native support for the Nintendo Switch Pro controller.
- It won't work with a wired connection, but all the keys have been properly mapped when pairing it via Bluetooth.
- Android 10 also has support for the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One controllers.
These days, smartphones have come a long way from just making calls or playing the occasional game of Angry Birds. They now feature very powerful processors and gobs of RAM, making them perfect portable gaming machines. We even have dedicated gaming phones, such as the ASUS ROG Phone II and the Razer Phone 2 which can be had for as little as $400 right now. Unfortunately, one downside has been the on-screen controls, which cannot match the tactile feel and responsiveness of a dedicated gaming controller.
The good news is that when Android 10 launched, it brought with it native controller support for some of today's most popular gaming consoles — including the PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and Nintendo Switch Joy-Cons. However, one you might not have heard about was the Nintendo Switch Pro controller.
Well, it was recently discovered that it had been fully key-mapped in Android 10. Previously, pairing the Switch Pro Controller wouldn't work properly due to an incomplete key mapping of the gamepad. Now that the key mapping has been updated, you can finally pair your Switch Pro controller and use it to play games on your Android 10 phone.
To get started, first disconnect the Pro controller from your Switch, press the button near the USB-C charging port to enter pairing mode, and now locate the device in the Bluetooth pairing menu on your Android 10 device. According to Android Police, the controller doesn't appear to work via a wired connection, making Bluetooth the way to go if you want to use it.
Now, you should be all set and ready to game using a real controller instead of awkward on-screen controls. This should be a huge improvement when taking on challengers in games like Fortnite or PUBG.
Gaming controllers
Nintendo Switch Pro Controller
Game like a pro
If the tiny Joy-Cons aren't your thing then, you'll want to grab the larger Nintendo Switch Pro controller. It comes with all the same features of the Joy-Cons, including motion controls, HD rumble, and even built-in support for amiibos.
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rotation
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{% extends 'layout-ben-1.html' %} {% block pageTitle %} Diabetes - NHS.UK {% endblock %} {% block content %}
Includes symptoms, diagnosis and treatments.
Includes why they're used, side effects and more for over-the-counter and prescription medicines.
What symptoms to look out for and what to do next.
From major surgery to outpatient procedures, learn what to expect and how to prepare.
Conditions, symptoms treatments for spring.
Diabetes is a lifelong condition that causes a person's blood sugar level to become too high. There are different types of diabetes.
All Health A to Z


Grin is strictly non-profit. To keep Grin open and free from controlling influences, the project relies 100% on community donations for its funding needs. We ask any person, corporate entity or institution who sees potential in Grin/Mimblewimble technology to consider donating to the project. We hope that the vibrant cryptocurrency community will help Grin to achieve its goal of providing a reliable, scalable and privacy-driven blockchain implementation that truly belongs to everyone. Donate to the General Fund to be included on the Friends of Grin page.
Donate now
GRIN Donation address in /grin-pm repo BITCOIN LEGACY Donation address in /grin-pm repo BITCOIN SEGWIT Donation address in /grin-pm repoCommunity funding principles
Unlike the vast majority of blockchain projects, Grin's development is not motivated by profit for either its developers or early adopters. As a measure of this, the community has ensured that:
- Grin's launch was pre-announced, open, and fair↗. There were no pre-mining or any other funny business.
- Grin will not engage in an ICO, STO, IEO, or any other type of similar offering.
- Grin will not channel a mandatory percentage of mining rewards back to the developers (although it reserves the right to include a mechanism for doing so voluntarily)
- Grin will not seek or accept any capital that comes with the expectation of future monetary return.
- Grin will not seek or accept any capital that comes with the expectation of being able to unduly influence Grin's decision-making process.
What is the General Fund?
This is the general development fund intended to cover costs related to the ongoing development of the Rust implementation of Grin and the projects under the /mimblewimble Github organization↗. All donated funds will be used towards Grin’s development or promotion. This fund is managed entirely by the Grin Technocratic Council, all spending decisions are made public, and are taken in accordance to the Fund Spending Guidelines↗. The BTC funds are kept in a t-of-n multi-sig wallet, meaning no spending can occur without at least t council members approving the transaction.
Friends of Grin
Grin would not be where it is today where it not for the support received from the long list of individuals, companies, and fellow cryptocurrency projects. We celebrate those and the many others who opted to remain anonymous on our Friends of Grin page. Your contributions, big or small, will always be appreciated.
Financials
Information about donation wallet addresses, income and spending logs, and quarterly financial transparency reports are available in the /grin-pm repo↗.


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aim@laverdad.edu.ph


Hasnabad Farmer Services Producer Company was set up in the year 2012 to collectivise small and marginal women farmers, located in Kodangal block of Mahabubnagar district, and to build a community owned professionally run company that would directly improve the livelihood and income of the member farmers. Kodangal block is well known for its gram cultivation, especially red gram. Hasnabad Producer Company has been promoted by our partner organisation, Access Livelihood Consulting, which is located in Hyderabad.
View RatingLittle Drops Life Home is located in the Chandel district of Manipur, at a distance of about 80 kms from Imphal. It was started in the year 2010 with the mission of providing a safe haven to vulnerable children, who are either orphans or came from economically weak families. Chandel district lies in the hilly region of Manipur that is primarily populated by the indigenous tribal communities.
View RatingThe women of mountain region have the great potentiality to successfully carry out dairy farming. Meena Devi is one such woman hailing from Uttarakhand. She's is primarily involved in agriculture along with her husband upon which they earn about Rs 36000/- yearly. But it is a known fact that the prosperity of agriculture relies on varied factors like timely showers, fertilizers used etc. Anything unusual leaves the couple with little or nothing and they can hardly be able to have a three square meal with satisfaction. To make matters worse they will have to bear the extremities of weather as they live in a thatched roof. Further, they are deprived of a proper source of purifying the water. This has made her take up buffalo rearing where by she'll rear it and sell the milk, so as to add an extra rupee to their mere income. As such Meena wants to purchase a buffalo which costs Rs 45000/-.
View RatingPeople living in the mountain side find cattle rearing favourable as there would be no problem for fodder. Sarveshwari Devi, hailing from Uttarakhand has planned to take up cow rearing. She and her husband work as a daily wage labourers and earn about Rs 4000/- a month. But this doesn't suffice to meet the needs of the family to the fullest. The educational expenses of her children studying 7th and 9th are soaring up with each passing year. Besides, there is no source for purifying the water. She wishes to increase her income by rearing cow and selling its milk. As such she requires a loan of Rs 35000/- to buy a cow. Please help Sarveshwari Devi and enable her to raise her living and thereby to fulfill the basic needs.
View RatingSeeta Devi aged 31 of Rudraprayag district in Uttarakhand wants to set up a dairy farming business for which she has applied for a loan of Rs 35000. It requires 30K for milking buffalo and cattle feed of Rs 5000. Dairy farming is the most potential activities for the poor women of the mountain region, however, it remains at subsistence level. It will generate enough amount of income to pay all the necessary expenses. She will be able to have a better life and support her family with proper education for children. Please consider to support her by investing for her business.
View Rating


Working on animation vidoe about the Mandatory Provident Fund (MPF), it is an enducational short video. Another project related to how can exchange students spend their time exploring Hong Kong with limited budget and time. I have a group proect on data visualizatoin about immigrants in Unted States. Unsplash!
What I OfferCheck my phototgraphy project
Find out more in the recent project
Check out my work
Check out my projects


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ABOUT US
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Soft, fluffy buns combined with crunchy walnuts to keep your taste buds excited and wanting more.
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Amount:
1 ($1.75)
3 ($5.25)
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12 ($21.00)
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On the Butt
On the Feet
Being Physical
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Challenging Myself
I Need Air
I May Or May Not Die


WITNESS LIST Finance Committee July 19, 2004 - 9:00A Health-Related Caseload, and Revisiting Rising Healthcare Cost Study ON: Allgeyer, Rick Director of Strategic Decision Support (Health and Human Services Commission), Austin, TX Carruth, Lisa Director, System Forecasting (Health and Human Services Commission), Austin, TX Cotter Kirsch, Lisa Medicaid/CHIP Policy Analyst (Health and Human Services Commission), Austin, TX Hawkins, Albert Executive Commissioner (Health and Human Services Commission), Austin, TX Millwee, Billy R. (Health and Human Services Commission), Austin, TX Nature and Use of Local Funds ON: Adauto, Richard Assistant to the President (University of Texas at El Paso), El Paso, TX Faulkner, Larry R. University President (University of Texas at Austin), Austin, TX Garcia, Jose Vice President for Finance and Admin. (Texas A&M International University), Laredo, TX Gutierrez, Brian (University of Texas at Austin), Austin, TX Keck, Ray M. University President (Texas A&M International University), Laredo, TX Ohlendorf, Patricia C. Higher Education (University of Texas at Austin), Austin, TX Villa, Cynthia Vice President (University of Texas at El Paso), El Paso, TX Whitson, Bob Deputy Director (Texas Agricultural Experiment Station), College Station, TX


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Record attendance at women’s soccer game in Brazil
SAO PAULO (AP) - Brazilian women’s soccer set an attendance record on Saturday with more than 28,000 fans at the Arena Corinthians stadium to watch the second leg of the Sao Paulo state championship final.
 Match tickets had been given out for free during the week.
Corinthians won the first leg 1-0.
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The previous record was in 2017 at Manaus’ Arena Amazonia in the semifinals of the Brazilian championship when Iranduba lost 2-1 to Santos in front of 25,371 people.
More AP soccer: https://apnews.com/Soccer and https://twitter.com/AP_Sports
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--- layout: page title: About header-img: "img/about-bg.png" ---
Shannon is a 40-something Marine Corps spouse with a professional background in management consulting in the government and defense sector. When multiple relocations for her husband's job made her unable to maintain her career, she decided to forge a new path and learn to code. Shannon sees software development as a viable and exciting path for military spouses to build rewarding careers that will move with them wherever their service member is called to serve. She hopes to be an example and to inspire other military spouses to make the journey into technology.


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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
# or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
# distributed with this work for additional information
# regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
# with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
# KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
# specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
from airflow.ti_deps.deps.dag_ti_slots_available_dep import DagTISlotsAvailableDep
from airflow.ti_deps.deps.dag_unpaused_dep import DagUnpausedDep
from airflow.ti_deps.deps.dagrun_exists_dep import DagrunRunningDep
from airflow.ti_deps.deps.exec_date_after_start_date_dep import ExecDateAfterStartDateDep
from airflow.ti_deps.deps.not_running_dep import NotRunningDep
from airflow.ti_deps.deps.not_skipped_dep import NotSkippedDep
from airflow.ti_deps.deps.runnable_exec_date_dep import RunnableExecDateDep
from airflow.ti_deps.deps.valid_state_dep import ValidStateDep
from airflow.ti_deps.deps.task_concurrency_dep import TaskConcurrencyDep
from airflow.utils.state import State
[docs]class DepContext(object):
"""
A base class for contexts that specifies which dependencies should be evaluated in
the context for a task instance to satisfy the requirements of the context. Also
stores state related to the context that can be used by dependency classes.
For example there could be a SomeRunContext that subclasses this class which has
dependencies for:
- Making sure there are slots available on the infrastructure to run the task instance
- A task-instance's task-specific dependencies are met (e.g. the previous task
instance completed successfully)
- ...
:param deps: The context-specific dependencies that need to be evaluated for a
task instance to run in this execution context.
:type deps: set(airflow.ti_deps.deps.base_ti_dep.BaseTIDep)
:param flag_upstream_failed: This is a hack to generate the upstream_failed state
creation while checking to see whether the task instance is runnable. It was the
shortest path to add the feature. This is bad since this class should be pure (no
side effects).
:type flag_upstream_failed: bool
:param ignore_all_deps: Whether or not the context should ignore all ignoreable
dependencies. Overrides the other ignore_* parameters
:type ignore_all_deps: bool
:param ignore_depends_on_past: Ignore depends_on_past parameter of DAGs (e.g. for
Backfills)
:type ignore_depends_on_past: bool
:param ignore_in_retry_period: Ignore the retry period for task instances
:type ignore_in_retry_period: bool
:param ignore_in_reschedule_period: Ignore the reschedule period for task instances
:type ignore_in_reschedule_period: bool
:param ignore_task_deps: Ignore task-specific dependencies such as depends_on_past and
trigger rule
:type ignore_task_deps: bool
:param ignore_ti_state: Ignore the task instance's previous failure/success
:type ignore_ti_state: bool
"""
def __init__(
self,
deps=None,
flag_upstream_failed=False,
ignore_all_deps=False,
ignore_depends_on_past=False,
ignore_in_retry_period=False,
ignore_in_reschedule_period=False,
ignore_task_deps=False,
ignore_ti_state=False):
self.deps = deps or set()
self.flag_upstream_failed = flag_upstream_failed
self.ignore_all_deps = ignore_all_deps
self.ignore_depends_on_past = ignore_depends_on_past
self.ignore_in_retry_period = ignore_in_retry_period
self.ignore_in_reschedule_period = ignore_in_reschedule_period
self.ignore_task_deps = ignore_task_deps
self.ignore_ti_state = ignore_ti_state
# In order to be able to get queued a task must have one of these states
QUEUEABLE_STATES = {
State.FAILED,
State.NONE,
State.QUEUED,
State.SCHEDULED,
State.SKIPPED,
State.UPSTREAM_FAILED,
State.UP_FOR_RETRY,
State.UP_FOR_RESCHEDULE,
}
# Context to get the dependencies that need to be met in order for a task instance to
# be backfilled.
[docs]QUEUE_DEPS = {
NotRunningDep(),
NotSkippedDep(),
RunnableExecDateDep(),
ValidStateDep(QUEUEABLE_STATES),
}
# Dependencies that need to be met for a given task instance to be able to get run by an
# executor. This class just extends QueueContext by adding dependencies for resources.
[docs]RUN_DEPS = QUEUE_DEPS | {
DagTISlotsAvailableDep(),
TaskConcurrencyDep(),
}
# TODO(aoen): SCHEDULER_DEPS is not coupled to actual execution in any way and
# could easily be modified or removed from the scheduler causing this dependency to become
# outdated and incorrect. This coupling should be created (e.g. via a dag_deps analog of
# ti_deps that will be used in the scheduler code) to ensure that the logic here is
# equivalent to the logic in the scheduler.
# Dependencies that need to be met for a given task instance to get scheduled by the
# scheduler, then queued by the scheduler, then run by an executor.
SCHEDULER_DEPS = RUN_DEPS | {
DagrunRunningDep(),
DagUnpausedDep(),
ExecDateAfterStartDateDep(),
}


Kenza Group
Menu
Home
About
Contact
Welcome to Kenza Group Blog
Our thoughts on technology and other matters
Hackathons - Part 1
What are they and why should anyone attend?
Posted by
Angela Kakiiza
on November 27, 2018


@* * Copyright 2021 HM Revenue & Customs * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. *@ @import utils.ERSUtil @import config.ApplicationConfig @import uk.gov.hmrc.play.views.html.helpers.FormWithCSRF @this(form: FormWithCSRF) @(requestObject: RequestObject, csvFilesList: CsvFilesList)(implicit request: Request[AnyRef], flash: Flash, messages: Messages, ersUtil: ERSUtil, appConfig: ApplicationConfig) @import views.html.templates._ @schemeId = @{requestObject.getSchemeId} @ers_main(title = messages("ers.choose_csv_files.page_title")) { @reference(requestObject.getPageTitle)
@if(flash.get("csv-file-not-selected-error").isDefined){


--- layout: section title: About tagline: About me, writing this takes most of the time. image: https://ssl.gstatic.com/ui/v1/icons/mail/images/2/5/android/bg.png ---
Oh Hello!
As the navigation bar says, my name is Pravendra Singh. I have a keen interest in solving real life problems with For loops.
Currently I'm a senior Computer Science student at Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee.
Although I don't follow a discriminative path but if you want me to categorize it, I'm interested in Data Science, Information Retrieval, Programming Languages, Distributed Systems and everything else in the universe including Pan Pizzas.
Whenever I'm not hitting my system's keypad, I can be found doing anything. For example, travelling through the vast repository of repositories in GitHub or clicking random stuffs around me, if my phone's battery permits or collecting tones here and there.
Other than Computer Science and random human stuffs, I'm passionate about Space Science and Aeronautics. I don't miss a single opportunity to get a glance of Internation Space Station. You too can subscribe at Spot The Station, if you want to see ISS hovering above your air space.
 You can head to my Quora blog Random Thought Generator, if you want to read them.
What, this is not enough?
Yeah, it isn't. In my free time I do sketching, painting and silly arts & crafts stuff.
This is when I created an Octocat on my room's wall from left out card-boards.
I love the song Sweet Disposition so much that I ended up painting this on my wall.
How did I cook this?
This site is built on top of Jekyll, and hosted on GitHub Pages. You are free to use this Jekyll theme, named Etios. Thank me later. Also, you should thank my friend Prakhar too, as this layout is inspired from his currect blog layout.
Deep down it uses the Materialize framework to arrange things. These beautiful icons are powered by ionicons.
If you are browsing in a bigger device, you can see banner images for all those sections in the navigation bar, they are sponsored by Pexels under CC0 License.
Once you have all that, you just need to mix them up and fry in a pan for 20 minutes. That's it.
My properties across the Holy Internet.


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| DOSE: |
|
smoked |
5-MeO-DALT |
(powder / crystals) |
| |
|
|
Various |
|
I bought 5-meo-dalt about 6 months ago, When I received it, I noticed it was white, and I was kinda pissed, because all the pics I seen online showed a brown chemical that did not have any of the same properties. So for a few weeks I contemplated throwing it out, but after scouring the internet, I came upon some trip reports, were people said they took the white crystal 5-meo-dalt and tripped. Some other people said it was a freebase and needed to be smoked. I even read, someone received nrg-1 and 5-meo-dalt mixed together, from a rc supplier. So this makes me very skeptical of this chem. It feels like the chinese run the Research chem market and dont care for, its customers.<-- or their health!>
So the first time. Me and my girl friend smoke about 15 mgs each out of a bowl. I start immediately feeling uneasy, as if i smoked rubber. She said she immediately started experiencing tingling, but no euphoria or anything along those lines. I agree.
2nd time I'm on tramadol, and smoking weed.  I immediately regretted this.  I've smoked crack, that I bought from a retarded hooker that taste better. I snort some xanax, cause I just dont feel right. My g/f tries smoking 10 mgs out of the light bulb, and immediately swears she will never do that again.
3rd time I tried 40 mgs... idk this drug sucks. I didn't feel anything. even after a nasty drip.
4th time Me and my girl friend are starting to come down from 7 grams of powdered mimosa hostilis grinded root bark and 2 grams of syrian rue seeds. We are about 3-4 hours into the trip but since none of us could bear to hold that sludge down in our guts, i think the trip was cut in half. I decide if the 5-meo-dalt is of any value, I should be able to tell now.  Made it worse. I decided to take 150 mgs of tramadol, smoke more weed, than fall asleep.
I'm an ex heroin addict, I take anything under the sun these days but alcohol, heroin, and cocaine. I consider my self a some what experienced drug addict. and in my opinion 5-meo-dalt has no value. whats so ever. I grew up in the DXM-era so I'm willing to feel shitty , or have deal with shitty effects to trip. 5-meo-dalt does not have anything. no visuals, no buzz no high. No value.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Middlewares
Wow, it is already the sixth part of this series. In this chapter I’m going to write about Middlewares and how you can use them to customize your app a little more. I quickly go through the basics about Middlewares and then I’ll write about some more special things you can do with Middlewares.
About Middlewares
The most of you already know what Middlewares are, but some of you maybe not. Even if you already use ASP.NET Core for a while, you don’t really need to know details about Middlewares, because they are mostly hidden behind nicely named extension methods like UseMvc()
, UseAuthentication()
, UseDeveloperExceptionPage()
and so on. Every time you call a Use
-method in the Startup.cs
in the Configure
method, you’ll implicitly use at least one or maybe more Middlewares.
A middleware is a peace of code that handles the request pipeline. Imagine the request pipeline as huge tube where you can call something in and where an echo comes back. The Middlewares are responsible for the creation of this echo or to manipulate the sound, to enrich the information or to handle the source sound or to handle the echo.
Middlewares are executed in the order they are configured. The first configured middleware is the first that gets executed.
In an ASP.NET Core web, if the client requests an image or any other static file, the StaticFileMiddleware
searches for that resource and return that resource if it finds one. If not this middleware does nothing except to call the next one. If there is no last middleware that handles the request pipeline, the request returns nothing. The MvcMiddleware
also checks the requested resource, tries to map it to a configured route, executes the controller, creates a view and returns a HTML or Web API result. If the MvcMiddleware
does not find a matching controller, it anyway will return a result in this case it is a 404 Status result. It returns an echo in any case. This is why the MvcMiddleware
is the last configured middleware.
(Image source: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/fundamentals/middleware/?view=aspnetcore-2.1)
An exception handling middleware is usually one of the first configured middlewares, but it is not because it gets executed first, but at last. The first configured middleware is also the last one if the echo comes back from the tube. An exception handling middleware validates the result and displays a possible exception in a browser and client friendly way. This is where a runtime error gets a 500 Status.
You are able to see how the pipeline is executed if you create an empty ASP.NET Core application. I usually use the console and the .NET CLI tools:
dotnet new web -n MiddlewaresSample -o MiddlewaresSample
cd MiddlewaresSample
Open the Startup.cs with your favorite editor. It should be pretty empty compared to a regular ASP.NET Core application. Rewrite the Configure()
method like this:
public class Startup
{
// This method gets called by the runtime.
// Use this method to add services to the container.
// For more information on how to configure your application,
// visit https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=398940
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
}
// This method gets called by the runtime.
// Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
if (env.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
}
app.Run(async context =>
{
await context.Response.WriteAsync("Hello World!");
});
}
}
There is the DeveloperExceptionPageMiddleware
used and a special lambda Middleware that only writes “Hello World!” to the response stream. The response stream is the echo I wrote about previously. This special middleware stops the pipeline and returns something like an echo. So it is the last one.
Leave this middleware and add the following lines right before the app.Run()
:
app.Use(async (context, next) =>
{
await context.Response.WriteAsync("===");
await next();
await context.Response.WriteAsync("===");
});
app.Use(async (context, next) =>
{
await context.Response.WriteAsync(">>>>>> ");
await next();
await context.Response.WriteAsync(" <<<<<<");
});
These two calls of app.Use()
also create two lambda Middlewares, but this time the Middlewares are calling the next ones. Each middleware knows the next one and calls it. Both middlewares writing to the response stream before and after the next middleware are called. This should demonstrate how the pipeline works. Before the next middleware is called the actual request is handled and after the next middleware is called, the response (echo) is handled.
If you now run the application (using dotnet run
) and open the displayed URL in the browser, you should see a plain text result like this:
===>>>>>> Hello World! <<<<<<===
Does this make sense to you? If yes, let’s see how to use this concept to add some additional functionality to the request pipeline.
Writing a custom middleware
ASP.NET Core is based on Middlewares. All the logic that gets executed during a request is somehow based on a middleware. So we are able to use this to add custom functionality to the web. We want to know the execution time of every request that goes through the request pipeline. I do this by creating and starting a Stopwatch
before the next middleware is called and by stop measuring the execution time after the next middleware is called:
app.Use(async (context, next) =>
{
var s = new Stopwatch();
s.Start();
// execute the rest of the pipeline
await next();
s.Stop(); //stop measuring
var result = s.ElapsedMilliseconds;
// write out the milliseconds needed
await context.Response.WriteAsync($"Time needed: {result }");
});
After that I write out the elapsed milliseconds to the response stream.
If you write some more Middlewares the Configure
method in the Startup.cs
gets pretty messy. This is why the most Middlewares are written as separate classes. This could look like this:
public class StopwatchMiddleWare
{
private readonly RequestDelegate _next;
public StopwatchMiddleWare(RequestDelegate next)
{
_next = next;
}
public async Task Invoke(HttpContext context)
{
var s = new Stopwatch();
s.Start();
// execute the rest of the pipeline
await next();
s.Stop(); //stop measuring
var result = s.ElapsedMilliseconds;
// write out the milliseconds needed
await context.Response.WriteAsync($"Time needed: {result }");
}
}
This way we get the next middleware via the constructor and the current context in the Invoke()
method.
Note: The Middleware is initialized on the start of the application and exists once during the application lifetime. The constructor gets called once. On the other hand the Invoke() method is called once per request.
To use this middleware, there is a generic UseMiddleware()
method available you can use in the configure method:
app.UseMiddleware<StopwatchMiddleware>();
The more elegant way is to create an extensions method that encapsulates this call:
public static class StopwatchMiddlewareExtension
{
public static IApplicationBuilder UseStopwatch(this IApplicationBuilder app)
{
app.UseMiddleware<StopwatchMiddleware>();
return app;
}
}
Now you can simply call it like this:
app.UseStopwatch();
This is the way you can provide additional functionality to a ASP.NET Core web through the request pipeline. You are able to manipulate the request or even the response using Middlewares.
The AuthenticationMiddleware
for example tries to request user information from the request. If it doesn’t find any, it asked the client about it by sending a specific response back to the client. If it finds some, it adds the information to the request context and makes it available to the entire application this way.
What else can we do using Middlewares?
Did you know that you can divert the request pipeline into two or more branches?
The next snippet shows how to create branches based on specific paths:
app.Map("/map1", app1 =>
{
// some more Middlewares
app1.Run(async context =>
{
await context.Response.WriteAsync("Map Test 1");
});
});
app.Map("/map2", app2 =>
{
// some more Middlewares
app2.Run(async context =>
{
await context.Response.WriteAsync("Map Test 2");
});
});
// some more Middlewares
app.Run(async (context) =>
{
await context.Response.WriteAsync("Hello World!");
});
The path “/map1” is a specific branch that continues the request pipeline inside. The same with “/map2”. Both maps have their own middleware configurations inside. All other not specified paths will follow the main branch.
There is also a MapWhen()
method to branch the pipeline based on a condition instead of branch based on a path:
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app)
{
app.MapWhen(context => context.Request.Query.ContainsKey("branch"),
app1 =>
{
// some more Middlewares
app1.Run(async context =>
{
await context.Response.WriteAsync("MapBranch Test");
});
});
// some more Middlewares
app.Run(async context =>
{
await context.Response.WriteAsync("Hello from non-Map delegate. <p>");
});
}
You can create conditions based on configuration values or as shown here, based on properties of the request context. In this case a query string property is used. You can use HTTP headers, form properties or any other property of the request context.
You are also able to nest the maps to create child and grandchild branches if needed.
Map()
or MapWhen()
is used to provide a special API or resource based an a specific path or a specific condition. The ASP.NET Core HealthCheck API is done like this. It first uses MapWhen()
to specify the port to use and then the Map()
to set the path for the HealthCheck API, or it uses Map()
only if no port is specified. At the end the HealthCheckMiddleware is used:
private static void UseHealthChecksCore(IApplicationBuilder app, PathString path, int? port, object[] args)
{
if (port == null)
{
app.Map(path, b => b.UseMiddleware<HealthCheckMiddleware>(args));
}
else
{
app.MapWhen(
c => c.Connection.LocalPort == port,
b0 => b0.Map(path, b1 => b1.UseMiddleware<HealthCheckMiddleware>(args)));
}
}
(See here on GitHib)
Another question that is Middlewares related, I am not sure why I never seen anyone using IMiddleware instead of writing InvokeAsync manually?!!
IMiddleware
is new in ASP.NET Core 2.0 and actually I never knew that it existed before he tweeted about it. I’ll definitely have a deeper look into IMiddleware
and will write about it. Until that you should read Hishams really good post about it: Why you aren’t using IMiddleware?
Update on ASP.NET Core 3.0
In new ASP.NET Core 3.0 projects the Configure() method looks different. There are two new kind off Middleware elements called:
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
if (env.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
}
app.UseRouting();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapGet("/", async context =>
{
await context.Response.WriteAsync("Hello World!");
});
});
}
The first one is a middleware that uses routing and the other one uses endpoints. What exactly is this?
This is the new so called endpoint routing. In ASP.NET Core 3.0 routing got moved out of the MVC framework. Previously it was part of MVC and only worked with MVC, Web API and frameworks that are based on the MVC Framework. Now MVC and the other frameworks are mapped to a specific route or endpoint. There are different kinds of endpoint definitions available.
In the snippet above a GET request gets mapped to the page root URL. In the next snippet MVC is mapped to a route pattern and Razor Pages are mapped to the razor pages specific file structure based routes:
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapControllerRoute(
name: "default",
pattern: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
endpoints.MapRazorPages();
});
Yes. There is no UseMvc()
used anymore, even if it still exists and is still working on the IApplicationBiulder
level to not break existing code. Now there are new methods to activate ASP.NET Core features more granularly.
These are the most used new Map methods for ASP.NET Core 3.0:
endpoints.MapAreaControllerRoute(...); // Areas for MVC & WebAPI
endpoints.MapControllerRoute(...); // MVC & WebAPI
endpoints.MapBlazorHub(...); // Blazor Server Side
endpoints.MapHub(...); // SignalR
endpoints.MapRazorPages(...); // Razor PAges
endpoints.MapHealthChecks(...); // Health Checks
There are a lot more methods to define fallback endpoints, to map routes and HTTP methods to delegates and middlewares.
If you want to create middlewares that work on all request, like the StopWatchMiddleware
, this will work as before on the IApplicationBuilder
. If you have a Middleware that should work on a specific path or route, you should create a Map method for it to map it to that route. It is not longer recommended to handle the route inside the middleware. With this approach the middlewares are a lot more generic and they will work on multiple routes with a single configuration.
I recently wrote a Middleware to provide a GraphQL endpoint in a ASP.NET Core application. I wrote a Middleware for it and I needed to rewrite it to follow the ASP.NET Core 3.0 way of routing. The old way would still work, but will handle the paths and routes separately from the new ASP.NET Core routing.
Let’s quickly see how it looks like to write a Middleware that supports the new endpoint routing:
[TODO: Code]
Conclusion
Most of the ASP.NET Core features are based on middlewares and we are able to extend ASP.NET Core by creating our own middlewares.
In the next two chapters I will have a look into different data types and how to handle them. I will create API outputs with any format and data type.
Sessions
This is series of articles on Building Conf planner app with Asp.net Core:
- 1 - Logging
- 2 - Configuration
- 3 - Dependency Injection
- 4 - Https
- 5 - Hostedservices
- 6 - Middlewares
- 7 - Outputformatter
- 8 - Modelbinders
- 9 - Actionfilters
- 10 - Taghelpers
- 11 - Webhostbuilder
- 12 - Hosting


public final class Token
extends java.lang.Object
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
void |
advance() |
void |
check(TokenType expectedType)
Validate that the token is the expected type (throwing an exception if it isn't).
|
void |
checkAndAdvance(TokenType expectedType)
Validate that the token is the expected type (throwing an exception if it isn't), then advance to the next
token.
|
java.lang.String |
getDescription()
Get a user friendly description of the token.
|
java.lang.Object |
getPrimitiveValue() |
TokenType |
getType() |
static boolean |
isControlCharacter(char c)
Return true if the particular character should be considered a control character and specified via Unicode escape
sequence in JSON.
|
public Token(Reader reader)
public static boolean isControlCharacter(char c)
c
- character in questionpublic TokenType getType()
public java.lang.Object getPrimitiveValue()
public java.lang.String getDescription()
public void advance()
public void checkAndAdvance(TokenType expectedType)
expectedType
- expected token typepublic void check(TokenType expectedType)
expectedType
- expected token type


#include <request_handler.h>
Public Types | |
| using | string = std::string |
| using | string_view = std::experimental::string_view |
| using | flatbuf = std::vector< uint8_t > |
Public Member Functions | |
| RequestHandler (const RequestIntentFlatbufferRef &_request_intent_buf_ref) | |
| ~RequestHandler () | |
| RequestHandler (RequestHandler &&)=default | |
| RequestHandler & | operator= (RequestHandler &&)=default |
| RequestHandler (const RequestHandler &)=delete | |
| RequestHandler & | operator= (const RequestHandler &)=delete |
| auto | write_callback (const string_view chunk) -> size_t |
| auto | finish_callback () -> void |
Public Attributes | |
| RequestIntent * | request_intent = nullptr |
| MutableRequestIntentFlatbuffer | request_intent_mutable_buf |
| string | errbuf |
| short | response_code = -1 |
| string | response_buffer |
Friends | |
| class | RequestManager |
| using Requests::RequestHandler::flatbuf = std::vector<uint8_t> |
| using Requests::RequestHandler::string = std::string |
| using Requests::RequestHandler::string_view = std::experimental::string_view |
| Requests::RequestHandler::RequestHandler | ( | const RequestIntentFlatbufferRef & | _request_intent_buf_ref | ) |
| Requests::RequestHandler::~RequestHandler | ( | ) |
|
default |
|
delete |
| auto Requests::RequestHandler::finish_callback | ( | ) | -> void |
|
default |
|
delete |
| auto Requests::RequestHandler::write_callback | ( | const string_view | chunk | ) | -> size_t |
|
friend |
| string Requests::RequestHandler::errbuf |
| RequestIntent* Requests::RequestHandler::request_intent = nullptr |
| MutableRequestIntentFlatbuffer Requests::RequestHandler::request_intent_mutable_buf |
| string Requests::RequestHandler::response_buffer |
| short Requests::RequestHandler::response_code = -1 |