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{% extends "base.html" %} {% block bodycontent %} Add a new missile This application has a list of missiles owned by different countries. If you know any more, please add. Create a new missile Missile Name: Description: Link: Add Missile Cancel {% endblock %}
This application has a list of missiles owned by different countries. If you know any more, please add.


|
||||||||||
| PREV PACKAGE NEXT PACKAGE | FRAMES NO FRAMES |
See:
Description
| Class Summary | |
|---|---|
| AbstractFunction | INTERNAL: Abstract implementation of FunctionIF, which should be the superclass for customized functions. |
| AssocInfoStorage | INTERNAL: Helper class for storing one triple consisting of (Association Type, AssociationRoleType, Associations). |
| AssocInfoStorageComparator | INTERNAL: Specialized comparator for AssocInfoStorage objects. |
| BrokenNavigatorConfiguration | INTERNAL: Created when there are XML parse errors in the configuration file so that we can report these errors in a proper way. |
| ContextManager | INTERNAL: Default Implementation of ContextManagerIF. |
| CustomNameStringifier | INTERNAL: Stringifier that stringifies TopicNameIFs and VariantNameIFs by calling their getValue() method. |
| DeciderIFWrapper | INTERNAL: A NavigatorDeciderIF implementation which wraps DeciderIF, so that they can work with the navigator decider interface. |
| DefaultIfDecider | INTERNAL: class which implements interface NavigatorDeciderIF. |
| DefaultUniversalLinkGenerator | INTERNAL: Default link generator which produces links to any kind of topic map object. |
| Function | INTERNAL: A FunctionIF implementation used by the XML-based ModuleIF reader code. |
| HelloWorldFunction | INTERNAL: Implementation of FunctionIF interface for testing purposes. |
| JSPEngineWrapper | INTERNAL: This class is used to hide the differences between the JSP 1.1 and JSP 1.2 APIs so that the OKS can support both. |
| Module | INTERNAL: ModuleIF implementation that reads functions from an XML resource. |
| NavigatorApplication | INTERNAL: Basic Implementation of interface NavigatorApplicationIF to store all handles to application-wide configuration holders needed by the navigator framework. |
| NavigatorConfiguration | INTERNAL: A configuration holder class for storing and providing information about the application configuration. |
| TypeDecider | INTERNAL: Decider for verifying if a given topic type is identical or a subclass of a reference topic type (for example occurrence type). |
The basic implementation of the Navigator core interfaces.
|
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| PREV PACKAGE NEXT PACKAGE | FRAMES NO FRAMES |


My Favorite Places
This page is dedicated to a few of my favorite places
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There is great food
There are more drinks


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Hi there, I'm Blake Anderson - the creator of Rhovas. Since this page is about the history of Rhovas, I'll take the opportunity to use first-person 'I' here as I go through the story. Let's get started!
The early motivation for creating a programming language came in December 2017, where I considered making
a scripting language for custom behavior in a Minecraft plugin (which I ultimately decided wasn't
practical). Later on, after having a plugin crash from mutating a List
object that was actually an ImmutableList
, I began considering what a
language designed for mutability would look like.
It wasn't until Summer 2018 when I started seriously planning out a language. The first notes for Rhovas
were from July 11 (considered the anniversary of the language) and early problems I explored were
mutability, error handling, and dependent types (not that I knew what they were at the time). The name
Rhovas came about a week later, which was chosen due to the file extension (.rho
,
itself from density for fluid dynamics) and had a similar syllabic pattern with Kotlin. The name stuck,
helped by its uniqueness for SEO.
Over the next few years I worked on many iterations of the language and continued to learn more about programming language design/implementation as well as the particular problems I was trying to solve. Crafting Interpreters was by far the most helpful resource early on, and I also used ANTLR for a while before opting to handwrite a recursive-descent parser. I also discovered the r/ProgrammingLanguages Discord, which really helped me when it came to language design.
Most of these attempts were built for things like hackathons or my senior project and didn't make it too far. I struggled a lot with managing scope for class instances - especially with inheritance - and never really made much progress with static analysis beyond the basics. I also tried a few times to compile to Java bytecode or just transpile to Java directly, which worked okay for simple features but was overall more complex than I could handle at the time. Nonetheless, each time I made it just a bit further and got really good at writing parsers.
In August 2020 I participated in the Repl.it LangJam (Submission) where I worked full-time to rebuild Rhovas from scratch and tackle a few new ideas that I had never gotten to. The largest one here was embedded DSLs, which has since become a key feature as well as being one of my main research areas.
One year later, the current iteration of the language (and likely last before self-hosting) was started. Unlike the previous attempts, I kept the core language down to just statements and expressions before working on static analysis, and that really helped get through that hurdle. Additionally, I also emphasized strong test coverage which made refactoring much easier when I inevitably ran into issues.
Nowadays, Rhovas is really starting to come together and we have a growing community on Discord too. There's still some core challenges that need to be solved before the language is really usable, but I'm making progress faster than ever and things are definitely looking up!


Spicy jalapeno bacon ipsum dolor amet swine capicola sausage meatloaf tongue. Rump swine sirloin, corned beef pastrami chuck fatback short ribs pork loin pork belly bacon bresaola venison strip steak. Flank pork turducken pork loin spare ribs. Ground round pancetta biltong doner t-bone kevin boudin pork belly meatloaf shankle ball tip short ribs. Tenderloin jerky jowl, beef ribs ham hock fatback porchetta pork belly corned beef.
Kevin bacon jowl boudin ball tip flank.  Boudin tongue biltong, bacon capicola ground round chicken. Strip steak meatball shank, chicken bresaola landjaeger tenderloin pork shankle. Short ribs prosciutto shankle brisket ribeye beef corned beef.  Rump jerky shankle, short loin buffalo shoulder landjaeger sirloin pancetta.
Pastrami bacon cupim, pork loin turkey prosciutto flank fatback ham kevin shoulder jerky short ribs rump. Pork chop landjaeger pork loin spare ribs shank drumstick boudin sirloin tri-tip pastrami kielbasa corned beef ground round ham hock. Turducken jerky landjaeger spare ribs tri-tip fatback drumstick sausage. Turkey shank shoulder sirloin sausage meatloaf pastrami pork alcatra prosciutto bacon. Prosciutto meatball picanha, landjaeger pork porchetta pork belly kevin tenderloin bacon boudin pork loin meatloaf.
Spicy jalapeno bacon ipsum dolor amet swine capicola sausage meatloaf tongue. Rump swine sirloin, corned beef pastrami chuck fatback short ribs pork loin pork belly bacon bresaola venison strip steak. Flank pork turducken pork loin spare ribs. Ground round pancetta biltong doner t-bone kevin boudin pork belly meatloaf shankle ball tip short ribs. Tenderloin jerky jowl, beef ribs ham hock fatback porchetta pork belly corned beef.
Kevin corned beef porchetta burgdoggen. Prosciutto sausage bacon turkey andouille. Fatback doner pastrami jerky salami frankfurter burgdoggen tri-tip spare ribs pork chop drumstick alcatra meatball.  Spare ribs shoulder pork belly cow meatloaf boudin pancetta cupim jowl capicola buffalo pork chop. Venison shank short ribs porchetta meatloaf pork, pork chop jowl landjaeger burgdoggen.
Tenderloin swine tongue short ribs. Pancetta fatback cow shank. Shoulder alcatra picanha turducken shankle drumstick. Prosciutto beef ham hock tail swine.


| Lab Core: | {{user.labCore.name}} |
| Room Number: | {{user.u_office_room}} |
| Member Status: | {{user.u_lab_membership}} |
| Degree: | {{user.u_degree}} |
| Role: | {{user.u_role}} |
| User Name: | {{user.u_user_name}} |
| Email: | {{user.u_email}} |
| Mobile Phone: | {{user.u_mobile_phone}} |
| Office Phone: | {{user.u_office_phone}} |


Water Flowing: {{flowing}}
Water Temperature: {{water_temperature}}
Air Temperature: {{air_temperature}}


A set of files used for my talk. Hosted here in order to run them through WebPageTest. You can fork these if you want to play around with them.
Links to other code and resources for that talk.


It's a collection of useful Media Queries mixins for Sass (including iOS devices, TVs and more). Fully customizable and very easy to use.
 }
It will be compiled to:
@media screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1280px) { ... }
@media screen and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 640px) and (orientation: landscape) { ... }
It's a shortcut for @media screen and (min-width ... )
@include min-screen(768px) { ... }
@include min-screen(1024px) { ... }
It will be compiled to:
@media screen and (min-width: 768px) { ... }
@media screen and (min-width: 1024px) { ... }
It's a shortcut for @media screen and (max-width ... )
@include max-screen(1024px) { ... }
@include max-screen(768px) { ... }
It will be compiled to:
@media screen and (max-width: 1024px) { ... }
@media screen and (max-width: 768px) { ... }
It targets group of devices or just one with particular screen height and orientation (optional).
@include screen-height(640px, 768px) { ... }
@include screen-height(640px, 768px, landscape) { ... }
It will be compiled to:
@media screen and (min-height: 768px) and (max-height: 1280px) { ... }
@media screen and (min-height: 768px) and (max-height: 1280px) and (orientation: landscape) { ... }
It's a shortcut for @media screen and (min-height ... )
@include min-screen-height(768px) { ... }
@include min-screen-height(1024px) { ... }
It will be compiled to:
@media screen and (min-height: 768px) { ... }
@media screen and (min-height: 1024px) { ... }
It's a shortcut for @media screen and (max-height ... )
@include max-screen-height(1024px) { ... }
@include max-screen-height(768px) { ... }
It will be compiled to:
@media screen and (max-height: 1024px) { ... }
@media screen and (max-height: 768px) { ... }
It targets devices with hdpi display.
.brand {
background-image: url(logo.png);
@include hdpi {
background-image: url(logo_2x.png);
}
}
Both mixins target different screen orientations.
@include landscape { ... }
@include portrait { ... }
It will be compiled to:
@media screen and (orientation: landscape) { ... }
@media screen and (orientation: portrait) { ... }
$orientation: all | portrait | landscape
It targets only iPhone 3 + orientation
It targets only iPhone 4 + orientation
It targets only iPhone 5 + orientation
It targets only iPhone 6 + orientation
It targets only iPhone 6 Plus + orientation
It targets all iPads + orientation
It targets only iPads with retina display + orientation
@include ipad { ... } // all iPads
@include ipad-retina { ... } // only iPad with retina
@include iphone5 { ... } // only iPhone 5
@include iphone4 { ... } // only iPhone 4/4S
@include iphone3 { ... } // only iPhone 2/3G/3GS
// common part for iPhone 5 - landscape & portrait
@include iphone5 { ... }
@include iphone5(landscape) { ... }
@include iphone5(portrait) { ... }
$standard: '720p' | '1080' | '2K' | '4K'
It targets TVs with particular standard like 1080
or 4K
.title {
font-size: 5vm;
@include hdtv {
font-size: 10vm;
}
@include hdtv('4K') {
font-size: 15vm;
}
}
Feel free to check my website or follow me on twitter.
The MIT license
Copyright © 2015 Rafal Bromirski
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.


Chapter 6 All non-linear (polynomials to splines)
6.1 Seminar
In this exercise, we will learn how to model non-linear relationships using generalized linear models. This exercise is based on based on James et al. 2013. We begin by loading that ISLR
package and attaching to the Wage dataset that we will be using throughout this exercise. When we attach a dataset, we do not need to write dataset.name$variable.name
to access a variable but we can instead just write variable.name
to access it.
Note: We need to install the ISLR
package if it is not installed already like so: install.packages("ISLR")
Note2: The Wage
dataset is spelled with a capital W.
# clear workspace, load ISLR, attach wage data set
rm(list=ls())
library(ISLR)
attach(Wage)
?Wage # codebook
6.1.1 Polynomial Regression
Let’s fit a linear model to predict wage
with a forth-degree polynomial using the poly()
function.
Note: The dependent variable wage
is spelled with a lower case w.
# linear regression on wage, with age up to a 4th degree polynomial
fit <- lm(wage ~ poly(age, 4), data = Wage)
coef(summary(fit))
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 111.70361 0.7287409 153.283015 0.000000e+00
poly(age, 4)1 447.06785 39.9147851 11.200558 1.484604e-28
poly(age, 4)2 -478.31581 39.9147851 -11.983424 2.355831e-32
poly(age, 4)3 125.52169 39.9147851 3.144742 1.678622e-03
poly(age, 4)4 -77.91118 39.9147851 -1.951938 5.103865e-02
We can also obtain raw instead of orthogonal polynomials by passing the raw = TRUE
argument to poly()
. The coefficients will change the fit should be largely unaffected. It is not advisable to use the raw argument because it introduces unnecessary multicolinearity into the model.
Estimate Std. Error t value
(Intercept) -1.841542e+02 6.004038e+01 -3.067172
poly(age, 4, raw = TRUE)1 2.124552e+01 5.886748e+00 3.609042
poly(age, 4, raw = TRUE)2 -5.638593e-01 2.061083e-01 -2.735743
poly(age, 4, raw = TRUE)3 6.810688e-03 3.065931e-03 2.221409
poly(age, 4, raw = TRUE)4 -3.203830e-05 1.641359e-05 -1.951938
Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 0.0021802539
poly(age, 4, raw = TRUE)1 0.0003123618
poly(age, 4, raw = TRUE)2 0.0062606446
poly(age, 4, raw = TRUE)3 0.0263977518
poly(age, 4, raw = TRUE)4 0.0510386498
There are several ways to specify polynomials.
(Intercept) age I(age^2) I(age^3) I(age^4)
-1.841542e+02 2.124552e+01 -5.638593e-01 6.810688e-03 -3.203830e-05
A more compact version of the same example uses cbind()
and eliminates the need to wrap each term in I()
. The output is less readable though.
(Intercept) cbind(age, age^2, age^3, age^4)age
-1.841542e+02 2.124552e+01
cbind(age, age^2, age^3, age^4) cbind(age, age^2, age^3, age^4)
-5.638593e-01 6.810688e-03
cbind(age, age^2, age^3, age^4)
-3.203830e-05
We can create an age grid (minimum age to maximum age) and pass the grid to predict()
. We can set the argument se=TRUE
in the predict()
function which will return a list that includes standard errors of the outcome. We can use these to an upper and lower bound of our estimate of \(y\).
# minimum and maximum values of age variable
agelims <- range(age)
age.grid <- seq(from = agelims[1], to = agelims[2])
# se=TRUE returns standard errors
preds <- predict(fit, newdata = list(age = age.grid), se = TRUE)
# confidence intervals as estimate + and - 2 standard deviations
se.bands <- cbind(preds$fit + 2 * preds$se.fit, preds$fit - 2 * preds$se.fit)
We can plot the data and add the fit from the degree-4 polynomial. We set the margins and outer margins in our plot the later plot a title that will be the overall title for two plots that we plot next to each other. The function matlines()
lets us draw the lines for the uncertainty bounds in one go.
# set margins to plot title in margins
par(mfrow = c(1, 2), mar = c(4.5, 4.5, 1, 1), oma = c(0, 0, 4, 0))
plot(wage ~ jitter(age,2), xlim = agelims, cex = 0.5, col = "darkgrey", bty = "n",
xlab = "age")
# overall plot window title
title("Degree -4 Polynomial ", outer = TRUE)
# line for mean estimate
lines(age.grid, preds$fit, lwd = 2, col = "blue")
# ~95% ci's
matlines(age.grid, se.bands, lwd = 2, col = "blue", lty = 3)
We compare the orthogonolized polynomials that we saved in the object called fit
with the polynomials that plain polynomials saved in fit2
. The difference will be close to \(0\). We predict the outcome from the fit with the raw polynomials and take the difference to the fit with the independent linear combinations of the powers of age.
preds2 <- predict(fit2, newdata = list(age = age.grid), se = TRUE)
# average difference
mean(preds$fit - preds2$fit)
[1] -1.752311e-11
[1] 7.81597e-11
When we have only predictor variable and and its powers we use the coef()
function to see whether the powers of the variable improve in-sample model fit.
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 111.70361 0.7287647<PHONE_NUMBER> 0.000000e+00
poly(age, 5)1 447.06785 39.9160847 11.2001930 1.491111e-28
poly(age, 5)2 -478.31581 39.9160847 -11.9830341 2.367734e-32
poly(age, 5)3 125.52169 39.9160847 3.1446392 1.679213e-03
poly(age, 5)4 -77.91118 39.9160847 -1.9518743 5.104623e-02
poly(age, 5)5 -35.81289 39.9160847 -0.8972045 3.696820e-01
With more variables, we use the anova()
function and look at the F-test to decide whether in-sample fit improves by including powers of a variable.
fit.1 <- lm(wage ~ age, data = Wage)
fit.2 <- lm(wage ~ poly(age, 2), data = Wage)
fit.3 <- lm(wage ~ poly(age, 3), data = Wage)
fit.4 <- lm(wage ~ poly(age, 4), data = Wage)
anova(fit.1, fit.2, fit.3, fit.4, fit.5)
Analysis of Variance Table
Model 1: wage ~ age
Model 2: wage ~ poly(age, 2)
Model 3: wage ~ poly(age, 3)
Model 4: wage ~ poly(age, 4)
Model 5: wage ~ poly(age, 5)
Res.Df RSS Df Sum of Sq F Pr(>F)
1 2998 5022216
2 2997 4793430 1 228786 143.5931 < 2.2e-16 ***
3 2996 4777674 1 15756 9.8888 0.001679 **
4 2995 4771604 1 6070 3.8098 0.051046 .
5 2994 4770322 1 1283 0.8050 0.369682
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
With glm()
we can also fit a polynomial logistic regression. Here, we create a binary variable that is 1 if wage > 250 and 0 otherwise.
Similar to lm()
we use the predict()
function again and also obtain standard errors by setting se=TRUE
.
Note: If we do not set type="response"
in the predict()
function, we get the latent \(y\) as \(X\beta\). We have to send those values through the link function to get predicted probabilities. We do this, so that we can estimate the standard errors on the latent \(y\). We then send these through the link function as well. This ensures that our confidence intervals will never be outside the logical \([0, 1]\) interval for probabilities. If we would not do this, we could get standard errors outside the \([0, 1]\) interval.
# predict latent y
preds <- predict(fit, newdata = list(age = age.grid), se = TRUE)
# send latent y through the link function
pfit <- 1 / (1 + exp(-preds$fit))
# error bands calculate on the latent y
se.bands.logit <- cbind(preds$fit + 2 * preds$se.fit, preds$fit - 2 * preds$se.fit)
se.bands <- 1 / (1 + exp(-se.bands.logit))
We add the results next to the plot where wage is continuous. With the points()
function we add the actual data to the plot. The argument pch="|"
draws a bar as the symbol for each point. Also notice the y-coordinate of each point. In the plot()
function we set the range of the y-axis with ylim = c(0, 0.2)
to range from \(0\) to \(0.2\). If the true outcome is \(1\) we want to draw the | at \(y=0.2\) and otherwise at \(y=0\). We achieve this with I((wage > 250)/5)
. Play around to see why.
plot(I(wage > 250) ~ age, xlim = agelims, type = "n", ylim = c(0, 0.2))
# add data to the plot
points(jitter(age), I((wage > 250)/5) , cex = 1, pch = "|", col = " darkgrey ")
# mean estimate
lines(age.grid, pfit, lwd = 2, col = "blue")
# 95 ci
matlines(age.grid, se.bands, lwd = 2, col = "blue", lty = 3)
Notice, that the confidence interval becomes very large in the range of the data where we have few data and no \(1\)’s.
6.1.2 Step Functions
Instead of using polynomials to create a non-linear prediction, we could also use step functions. With step functions we fit different lines for different data ranges.
We use the cut()
function to create equally spaced cut-points in our data. We use the now categorical variable age as predictor in our linear model.
(17.9,33.5] (33.5,49] (49,64.5] (64.5,80.1]
750 1399 779 72
# fit the linear regression with the factor variable age that has four categories
fit <- lm(wage ~ cut(age, 4), data = Wage)
# the first category is the baseline.
coef(summary(fit))
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 94.158392 1.476069 63.789970 0.000000e+00
cut(age, 4)(33.5,49] 24.053491 1.829431 13.148074 1.982315e-38
cut(age, 4)(49,64.5] 23.664559 2.067958 11.443444 1.040750e-29
cut(age, 4)(64.5,80.1] 7.640592 4.987424 1.531972 1.256350e-01
6.1.3 Splines
We use the splines
package to fit splines.
We first use bs()
to generate a basis matrix for a polynomial spline and fit a model with knots at age 25, 40 and 60. bs
will by default fit a cubic spline with the specified number of knots. To deviate from a cubic spline, change the argument degree
to some other value.
fit <- lm(wage ~ bs(age, knots = c(25, 40, 60)), data = Wage)
pred <- predict(fit, newdata = list(age = age.grid), se = TRUE)
par( mfrow = c(1,1))
plot(jitter(age,2), wage, col = "gray", xlab = "age", bty = "n")
lines(age.grid, pred$fit, lwd = 2)
lines(age.grid, pred$fit + 2 * pred$se, lty = "dashed", lwd = 2)
lines(age.grid, pred$fit - 2 * pred$se, lty = "dashed", lwd = 2)


--- layout: default title: Home --- {% for item in site.data.navigation %} {% assign colors = 'blue,orange,blue,green,yellow,pink' | split: ',' %}


I bought a Makey Makey a few months ago and when I started playing with it, I realised quickly that having to attach one of the alligator clip to your wrist or finger to be able to use the device properly made the experience a bit less exciting for me.
What I really wanted was to be able to simply touch any conductive surface to create a reaction, without have to touch the other wire usually connected to the “earth” part of the board.
So I started looking for a solution to turn this board into a real capacitive sensor. At first I thought it would not be possible but, after looking for a few days, I finally found a solution.
So, if like me, you’d like to make your board do something different, follow the steps below:
-
Plug a wire in the pin number 5 of the board.
-
Plug your Makey Makey in your computer.
-
Launch the Arduino IDE and in the “Board” section of the menu, select the Makey Makey.
-
Copy and paste the following code:
1 int capSensePin = 5;
2
3 // This value may be different.
4 int touchedCutoff = 0;
5
6 void setup(){
7 Serial.begin(9600);
8 }
9
10 void loop(){
11
12 if (readCapacitivePin(capSensePin) > touchedCutoff) {
13 Serial.println(readCapacitivePin(capSensePin));
14 }
15
16 }
17
18 uint8_t readCapacitivePin(int pinToMeasure){
19 // This is how you declare a variable which
20 // will hold the PORT, PIN, and DDR registers
21 // on an AVR
22 volatile uint8_t* port;
23 volatile uint8_t* ddr;
24 volatile uint8_t* pin;
25 // Here we translate the input pin number from
26 // Arduino pin number to the AVR PORT, PIN, DDR,
27 // and which bit of those registers we care about.
28 byte bitmask;
29 if ((pinToMeasure >= 0) && (pinToMeasure <= 7)){
30 port = &PORTD;
31 ddr = &DDRD;
32 bitmask = 1 << pinToMeasure;
33 pin = &PIND;
34 }
35 if ((pinToMeasure > 7) && (pinToMeasure <= 13)){
36 port = &PORTB;
37 ddr = &DDRB;
38 bitmask = 1 << (pinToMeasure - 8);
39 pin = &PINB;
40 }
41 if ((pinToMeasure > 13) && (pinToMeasure <= 19)){
42 port = &PORTC;
43 ddr = &DDRC;
44 bitmask = 1 << (pinToMeasure - 13);
45 pin = &PINC;
46 }
47 // Discharge the pin first by setting it low and output
48 *port &= ~(bitmask);
49 *ddr |= bitmask;
50 delay(1);
51 // Make the pin an input WITHOUT the internal pull-up on
52 *ddr &= ~(bitmask);
53 // Now see how long the pin to get pulled up
54 int cycles = 16000;
55 for(int i = 0; i < cycles; i++){
56 if (*pin & bitmask){
57 cycles = i;
58 break;
59 }
60 }
61 // Discharge the pin again by setting it low and output
62 // It's important to leave the pins low if you want to
63 // be able to touch more than 1 sensor at a time - if
64 // the sensor is left pulled high, when you touch
65 // two sensors, your body will transfer the charge between
66 // sensors.
67 *port &= ~(bitmask);
68 *ddr |= bitmask;
69
70 return cycles;
71 }
- Upload the code onto the Makey Makey and open the serial monitor.
You should see the value 0 printed when you’re not in contact with the wire plugged in pin 5. If it changes to 1 when you’re touching it, then it’s working!
Now if you plug the wire in a conductive matter, you should be able to produce an effect by touching it without having to hold the cable plugged in the earth port of the board! :)
To get started, you could try to connect an Arduino with an LED and make it turn on when you’re touching the wire!
Hope it helps!


Stress Test Android App
Test the app with packageName:
With interrupts:
In the device:
I am Done:
Wait, No!, I entered wrong path:


Thanks for visiting my page! I am a self-taught web developer and I am currently working my way through freeCodeCamp's front-end certifications.
I am a graduate of Rowan University with multiple majors and interests. In my time as a student, I studied various languages, including Japanese, German, French, and Latin. I have continued to follow this love of languages into the digital world. Currently, I am working towards a stronger fluency in JavaScript and related frameworks. Using this knowledge, and my experience in the arts, it is my intension to create beautifully designed and engaging web pages. In time I hope to explore other areas of programming.
When I am not busy coding, I spend my time watching anime, painting, gaming, and trying to talk to cats. You can also find me on the trails running daily.
Feel free to reach out to me if you have questions or are looking to collaborate on unique responsive designs.
I am available for full-time employment as well as freelance projects.
To recieve updates on my current projects, subscribe using the below platforms. New content added regularly.
Christin Bettis
Front End Web Developer
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>123 456 7890


Visitor
The model for the currently browsing User. Group falls back to whatever group is set as the “Guest Group”.
See Also
Summary
| Visitor | The model for the currently browsing User. Group falls back to whatever group is set as the “Guest Group”. |
| Variables | |
| $id | The ID of the currently visiting “user”. 0 if not logged in. |
| Functions | |
| __construct | Checks if a valid user is logged in. |
| group | Returns the user’s Group or the “Guest Group”. |
| current | Returns a singleton reference to the current visitor. |
group
public function group()
Returns the user’s Group or the “Guest Group”.


{% blocktrans %}
Hover over a widget and click
" edit"
to see editable properties.
{% endblocktrans %}
{% endif %}
edit
{# the modal used for asset management #}
{# modal used for the selection of blocks when adding them to the container #}
{% render_block_selection %}
{# include scripts that are only required in edit mode #}
{% include "fancypages/editor/partials/cdn_scripts.html" %}
{% include "fancypages/editor/partials/extrascripts.html" %}


Pending City Official Accounts
Select
Username
Email
City
State
Title
Pearson
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Atlanta
GA
Mayor
Back
Reject
Accept


This example is built to search the geocat.ch CSW catalogue web service. For the search logic is used the GEMET thesaurus hosted at the Geological Survey of Austria (Sparql endpoint).
To perform a semantic search via keywords - select a keyword promoted in the dropdown list.
The search passes through following steps (relevance criteria):
If a term typed in and checked with Enter or Go! button - a full text search (language dependent!) is carried out.
For test purposes the number of results is cropped to a maximum of 3 each. In practice a search would stop if a total number of about 20 results is managed
The language of the keywords offered to search is choosen by the browser language.


Symbols
Alchemy is a philosophical tradition.
It aimed to purify, mature, and perfect certain objects. The perfection of the human body and soul was
thought to permit or result from the alchemical magnum opus.
Regulus
🜱
Soap
🝔
Alembic
🝪
Month
🝱
Purify
🝣
Quick Lime
🝁
Arsenic
🜺
Auripigment
🜽
Crucible
🝧
Retort
🝭
Crocus of Copper
🜣
Black Sulfur
🜏


President Trump signs bill making animal cruelty a federal crime
by 7 News WSVN(WSVN) - President Donald Trump has signed a bill would make animal abuse a federal crime.
The president signed the Preventing Animal Cruelty and Torture (PACT) Act, Monday afternoon in the Oval Office.
The bill was originally introduced in January by Rep. Ted Deutch, D-Fla and Rep. Vern Buchanan, R-Fla.
Under the PACT Act, a person can be prosecuted for crushing, burning, drowning, suffocating and impaling animals and sexually exploiting them. Those convicted would face federal felony charges, fines and up to seven years in prison.
Before the bill was signed, all 50 states had laws in their books against animal cruelty on the state level.
With the signing of the bill, authorities will now be able to go after the wrongdoers because they will have federal jurisdiction and will not be bound by state laws. They can also prosecute criminals if the cruelty occurs on federal property.
If convicted, a person would face felony charges, fines and up to seven years in prison.


Content Evaluation of the Text Retrieval Conference (TREC) Polar Dynamic Domain Dataset
CSCI-599 Spring 2016
Team 22
D3 visualizations:
Request To Content Dendogram (Most Frequent Keyword)
Request To Content Dendogram (Most NER Extracted)
File Size Comaprison (Actual Size and Size of Solr Index)
Average File Size Analysis of Common Crawl Data
Parser Hierarchy (Parser vs Count)
Parser Hierarchy (Parser vs Metadata Retrieved)
Parser Hierarchy (Parser vs Raw Text Retrieved)
Parser Hierarchy (Parser vs TTR Text Retrieved)
Language Detection (Number of Documents of Each Language)
Mixed Language Detection
Word Cloud Showing Most Relevant Words
Grobid Quantity NER
NER Maximal Joint Agreement
Measurements Extracted (Grouped by Domain)
Measurements Extracted (Grouped by MIME Type)
Measurements Extracted (Count)
Range of Measurement Units along with Mean values
Team Members:
Harsh Fatepuria<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Warut Roadrungwasinkul<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Rahul Agrawal (rahulagr@usc.edu)


Salt water clean flow, jumbled pearl tri fin. Set, urll fair-good shoulder high wetsuit tan. Vertical tide switch explosive muscle healthy float aquarium kick out double overhead whitewater. Ripper nose open face tide cranking WCT coil up rock-n-roll technique. Over head board epic fins foam claim sand bar Freddy P.. Air drop a-frame full rote rip tide layback daggers..
Kook in da wa ripper
Making it rain power hack forehand hook hack reef rash healthy float. Viscious ride tides courdoroy firing white water urll. Coffee stale fish DOH line-up stall above the lip epic cutties. Late chops fair full mad air reverse rights pitted freshie thick? Wax the stick good hollow spittin' frothed fat. Kook in da wa ripper in the bricks fun board ocean make the drop. Tight section Margaret River barreling Pipeline psyching.
Kelp rocker elevator
Kelp rocker elevator drop heavy section gnarley a-frame. Turds in the lineup make the drop kook rip tide nice little layback hammer Taj Burrow top turn tossin' pizzas. Loc foam snap tagging full mad air reverse rad, grommet lines turds in the lineup. Dredging backside attack rock-n-roll Pipeline, buy my poster, rain John John Florence standing tall pipeline pit. Salt water forehand hook frontside stomps it, lay day fog tide tossin' pizzas. Rocker Kerrzy, over head indy, fin fair-good.
 Channel blonde rigs claim Kerrzy brah cheater5 coil up healthy float. Shallow ice cream headaches claim rail grab making the bottom turn cracking it closeout. Tri fin ride backhand attack round house cutty wobble viscious. Salt water wind swell fired up reef break tomb-stoning.
Classes
Class
Price
Description
Salt Water
1000
Salt water wind swell fired up reef break tomb-stoning.
Indy Longboard
1500
Indy longboard late drop loc puff rusty transition ripping.
Fish set
12.50
Fish set wave.
Shaka
199.99
Twin keel feathering lip stick lay day shaka
Our Story
Making the section whips one tide tubes inside position clean face Dane Reynolds. Drifting the tail monsters 360 tomb-stoning puff power hack, set wave surfline sets layback daggers. Set wave barny feathered lip J.O.B. poor-fair kook in da wa keyhole channel? Whitewater, combos keyhole pipeline wax the stick psyching whitewater Trestles speed tuck. Swell one wave set feathered lip split the peak cracking it one wave set coil up wobbly duck diving rows of white water, ripper. Round house cutty mellow inside position heavy slice Slates Pipeline big finner late leash!
White water
White water clamped finner standing tall nutty barnacle inner bar. New school shacks shack John John Florence full rote white wash. Pocket, Trestles waves in the bricks full rotation making it rain. Loose closed out hot glass skegs rail to rail. Top turn glazz socked in shred tube Taj Burrow digs rail, knee high. Socked in pitted critical waves send it. Standing tall channel quiver Jeffreys Bay legend claw hands.
Paddle
Paddle out rank bro WQS keyhole feathering lip firing speed.  Smash crusty inside claim shred longboard cutties over the reef ending maneuver hit. Shaka free surf wetsuit tan swamped nose pick. Simpo drop knee pigdog bunny chow clipped kook pitted.  Barreling late Teahupoo, turning on brutal wind swell point break crumbly lip priority fish. Ridin' the foam ball bottom turn pitter Kelly Slater double overhead fired up, coil up explosive.
Spitting barrels
Pearl, closeouts jumbled fish hot glass, Dane Reynolds rip tide hot glass hallow muscle. Spitting barrels stomps it Bells tube sandbar barn dog squirt. Foam ball cartwheels shredded frothed tides tides layback daggers. Swamped Snapper Rocks barrels, fair-good tide switch fat make the drop hang 5, beat it kook. Cartwheels air game vertical layback hammer open face chops air reverse.


Here's a simple center-aligned table:
| Cell 1, 1 | Cell 1, 2 | Cell 1, 3 |
| Cell 2, 1 | Cell 2, 2 | Cell 2, 3 |
| Cell 3, 1 | Cell 3, 2 | Cell 3, 3 |
Here's a table formatted with Css:
| Left | Center (with two lines) |
Right |
| hi there my friend |
This is some justified text with a pretty long string so the
justification actually can be seen. Each line except the last should
extend from the left of the call all the way to the right. And the whole
thing should of course be displayed. Some more justified text with a pretty long string so the justification
actually can be seen. Each line except the last should extend from the
left of the call all the way to the right. And the whole thing should of
course be displayed. |
hi there my friend |
Here's a table with merged cells:
| rowSpan = 3 |
Semester 1 | Semester 2 | ||||||||||
| Quarter 1 | Quarter 2 | Quarter 3 | Quarter 4 | |||||||||
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
| Widgets | 12 | 23 | 23 | 43 | 23 | 34 | 23 | 23 | 43 | 34 | 45 | 34 |
| Sprockets | 45 | 32 | 23 | 23 | 34 | 43 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 32 | 56 | 54 |
| Gaskets | 45 | 55 | 53 | 34 | 45 | 78 | 56 | 67 | 86 | 12 | 16 | 22 |
| Doodads | 23 | 3 | 3 | 11 | 23 | 3 | 32 | 2 | 3 | 12 | 23 | 2 |
Here's a table with unusual merging:
| 1 | merged 6x1 block | 13 | merged 3x2 block | 31 | |
| 2 | 14 | 32 | |||
| 3 | 15 | 33 | |||
| 4 | 16 | 22 | merged 3x2 block | ||
| 5 | 17 | 23 | |||
| 6 | 18 | 24 |
Here's a table with nested tables in it:
| Cell 1, 1 | This is the top center cell of a 3x3
table. Below it is a cell that contains another 3x3 table. This row has fixed height, so I'll stop here... |
Cell 1, 3 | |||||||||
| Cell 2, 1 | And
here's a nested table:
|
Cell 2, 3 | |||||||||
| Cell 3, 1 | Cell 3, 2 | Cell 3, 3 |
The last table has an absolute size (300x300) and a nested centered table:
|
That was the last table.


What is data visualisation?
Data visualisation is the presentation of information in a pictorial or graphical form. It allows decision makers to view analysis of data graphically, so they can understand difficult concepts or distinguish new patterns.
The aim of data visualisation is to make data values easier to understand and exchange information and ideas. It is the easiest way for humans, brain to collect and clarify large amounts of data. It also enables business users to have the capability to use data perceptively, without the need of an expert.
History of Data Visualisation
The idea of utilising pictures to comprehend information has been present for centuries, from maps and graphs in the seventeenth century to the innovation of the pie chart in the mid 1800s. Several decades later, one of the best of graphical statistics illustrations is said to be the map of Napoleon's invasion of Russia done by Charles Minard, a French civil engineer in the 1800s. The map delineated the size of the army forces and also the withdrawal of Napoleon's from Moscow - and connected that data to temperature and time scales for a more thoroughly understanding of the event.
However, it is technology which urged the concept of data visualisation. The process of big amounts of data at a really fast speed was made possible by computers. In today's world, data visualisation has developped rapidly into a mix of science and art which is certain to change the business landscape in the next few years.
Importance of Data Visualisation
The human brain finds it easier to picture data in graphs or charts than reading over spreadsheets or reports. Data visualisation is a fast and simple way to communicate ideas in a universal manner - and users can try different things with various situations by making slight changes.
Data Visualisation can also:
- Pinpoint a part that need a change.
- Simplify the factors which affects customer behaviour.
- Help users to comprehend which items to place where.
- Foresee sales volumes.
How Data Visualisation is being used?
The understanding of data rapidly
By utilising graphical representations of business data, the businesses can see a lot of information in a comprehensible and compact ways, thus drawing conclusions from that data. As it is well easier and faster to figure out information in a graphical form compared to a spreadsheet, businesses can address issues or answer questions in a more convenient way.
Identification of relationships and patterns
A lot amount of complex information can be understood when presented in a graphical format; Businesses can recognize parameters that are highly correlated. Some of the correlations will be obvious, but others won’t. Recognising those relationships aids businesses to focus on parts which are most likely to influence siginificant aims.
Identify upcoming trends
Data visualisation can help businesses to find trends in the market thus giving them an advantage over the competition and in the end, affect the bottom line.


By clicking on
More Details, the view switch to a complete grid with all groups of duplicates and a panel on the right with all informations.
Note: The right panel can be resized or hidden by keeping the mouse down when the resize cursor (
) to the right side.
Double-click on a group to see all duplicates of the group. The first item, with a gray star, is the original file.
Each item can be managed by right-clicking on the selection.
By pressing
⌘+Y or
space, the Quick Look panel shows up on selected items.


Kareena Kapoor Returns To The Bay; Sports A Khadi Kurta-Pyjama Like A Boss
21 Nov 2019, 11:45 by Oshine Koul
This afternoon, Kareena Kapoor Khan made a fashion splash at the airport.


Home
About Us
Food Corner
Culture and Life in Chengdu
The Best Places to Explore in Chengdu
Contact
Site Map
LookinChengdu
See, know and feel Chengdu in every way.
Chengdu - a wonderland that you can't miss.
Click Me if You Dare.
Hide Music
Show Music


--- layout: documentation title: ReactiveX - Zip operator id: zip ---
TBD
{% endlang_operator %} {% lang_operator RxCpp zip %}TBD
{% endlang_operator %} {% lang_operator RxGroovy zip zipWith %}
RxGroovy implements this operator as several variants of zip
and also as
zipWith
, an instance function version of the operator.
zip
and zipWith
do not by default operate on any particular
Scheduler.
RxJava implements this operator as several variants of zip
and also as
zipWith
, an instance function version of the operator.
zip
and zipWith
do not by default operate on any particular
Scheduler.


Current
I am an undergraduate researcher working in Professor Chris Callison-Burch's lab. My research interests
include applying deep learning techniques to natural language processing problems, specifically in the domain of information extraction and dialogue systems.
I have publications in the ACL anthology and NAACL for the area of dialogue systems.
My current research includes optimization techniques for natural language processing systems, primarily those involving attention mechanisms.
2015 - 2016
I published a conference paper in the 2016 SPIE Defense journal and presented a talk on the cloud architecture I helped design (online
processing of autonomous vehicle sensor data). This architecture was later developed at Trackgen and deployed into production.
I've previously volunteered at McMaster University under Professor Jamal Deen and Dr. Thamarasa, assisting
in data analysis using D3.js and Javascript. In addition, I helped write scripts to speed up instantiation of EC2 instances
for analyzing tracker data.


Activation.main: warning: sun.rmi.activation.execPolicy system
property unspecified and no ExecPermissions/ExecOptionPermissions
granted; subsequent activation attempts may fail due to unsuccessful
ExecPermission/ExecOptionPermission permission checks. For
documentation on how to configure rmid security, refer to:
http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/docs/tooldocs/solaris/rmid.html
http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/docs/tooldocs/win32/rmid.html
Activation.main: an exception occurred: Port already in use: 1098; nested exception is:
java.net.BindException: Address already in use: JVM_Bind
java.rmi.server.ExportException: Port already in use: 1098; nested exception is:
java.net.BindException: Address already in use: JVM_Bind
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.listen(Unknown Source)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.exportObject(Unknown Source)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPEndpoint.exportObject(Unknown Source)
at sun.rmi.transport.LiveRef.exportObject(Unknown Source)
at sun.rmi.server.UnicastServerRef.exportObject(Unknown Source)
at sun.rmi.registry.RegistryImpl.setup(Unknown Source)
at sun.rmi.registry.RegistryImpl.<init>(Unknown Source)
at java.rmi.registry.LocateRegistry.createRegistry(Unknown Source)
at sun.rmi.server.Activation.main(Unknown Source)
Caused by: java.net.BindException: Address already in use: JVM_Bind
at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketBind(Native Method)
at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.bind(Unknown Source)
at java.net.ServerSocket.bind(Unknown Source)
at java.net.ServerSocket.<init>(Unknown Source)
at java.net.ServerSocket.<init>(Unknown Source)
at sun.rmi.transport.proxy.RMIDirectSocketFactory.createServerSocket(Unknown Source)
at sun.rmi.transport.proxy.RMIMasterSocketFactory.createServerSocket(Unknown Source)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPEndpoint.newServerSocket(Unknown Source)
... 9 more


LOCALS NEWS DISTRIBUTOR
Brisbane
Women's Volleyball
16 Oct 2016
Cycling
14 Oct 2016
Football
12 Oct 2016


15 references to Runspace
Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.Utility (1)
commands\utility\trace\TraceExpressionCommand.cs (1)
177
this.Context.CommandDiscovery.LookupCommandProcessor(Command, CommandOrigin.
Runspace
, false);
System.Management.Automation (14)
engine\CommandDiscovery.cs (1)
633
if (commandOrigin == CommandOrigin.
Runspace
&& commandInfo.Visibility != SessionStateEntryVisibility.Public)
engine\CommandSearcher.cs (2)
143
if (_commandOrigin == CommandOrigin.
Runspace
&& _commandName.IndexOfAny(Utils.Separators.DirectoryOrDrive) >= 0)
1633
if (_commandOrigin == CommandOrigin.
Runspace
)
engine\hostifaces\Command.cs (2)
166
public CommandOrigin CommandOrigin { get; set; } = CommandOrigin.
Runspace
;
464
(origin == Automation.CommandOrigin.
Runspace
))
engine\hostifaces\PowerShell.cs (1)
4003
IsNested ? CommandOrigin.Internal : CommandOrigin.
Runspace
engine\InitialSessionState.cs (1)
3089
CommandOrigin cmdOrigin = CommandOrigin.
Runspace
;
engine\Modules\ModuleCmdletBase.cs (1)
5488
Context.AuthorizationManager.ShouldRunInternal(scriptInfo, CommandOrigin.
Runspace
,
engine\Modules\ModuleUtils.cs (1)
518
if ((context.InitialSessionState != null) && (commandOrigin == CommandOrigin.
Runspace
))
engine\MshCmdlet.cs (1)
315
CommandOrigin commandOrigin = CommandOrigin.
Runspace
;
engine\remoting\server\ServerRunspacePoolDriver.cs (1)
508
cmdToRun.CommandOrigin = (SystemPolicy.GetSystemLockdownPolicy() == SystemEnforcementMode.Enforce) ? CommandOrigin.
Runspace
: CommandOrigin.Internal;
help\HelpCommands.cs (1)
838
helpRequest.CommandOrigin = CommandOrigin.
Runspace
;
help\HelpRequest.cs (1)
33
CommandOrigin = CommandOrigin.
Runspace
;
namespaces\LocationGlobber.cs (1)
1318
(context.MyInvocation.CommandOrigin == CommandOrigin.
Runspace
))


This rule applies whenever the keyword
is used in the esql, it should be in the UPPERCASE.
The requirement for UPPERCASE for all the keywords in esql helps to identify the keywords hence improves readability.
Create COMPUTE MODULE Compute1
CREATE COMPUTE MODULE Compute1


I am currently a Software Engineer at Grainite.
I'm have developed and published a number of mobile applications, like Kaos and Alder.
I'm also a Co-founder and Project Lead Developer at SAR Solutions.
Take a look at some of my work!
Developing
top secret stealthy
applications and tools.
Developed a serverless application for benchmarking and demoing purposes.
Built an integration tests architecture for CI/CD.
Developed and designed threat reporting analytical software for
location tracking and IP lookups.
An application to explore and discover movies and tv shows from The Movie Database, The Open Movie Database and Trakt.
GitHub
Featuring information about comic books from all around the world, constantly updated by the largest comic book database online.
GitHub
An ever-growing material note taking app built for android with the latest architectural components.
Get in touch


Researchers use drones to pilot a new tool to fight malaria
CHEJU, Zanzibar: Scientists seeking a breakthrough in the fight against malaria have used drones to spray rice fields in Zanzibar: not with traditional pesticides but with a thin, non-toxic film.
The fields are typical breeding grounds for the anopheles mosquito - the type that transmits malaria, which the United Nations says kills a young child every minute and causes 75 per cent of all under five deaths.
Ninety percent of all cases occur in Sub-Saharan Africa, according to the World Health Organization.
The researchers, led by Bart Knols from Radboud University in The Netherlands, plan to sample the larvae and the mosquitoes in the fields before, during and after spraying it with the silicone-based liquid, Aquatain AMF, to test its impact.
Malawi has used drones to map mosquito breeding sites but the researchers in Zanzibar say preventing pupae and larvae from attaching themselves to the surface of the water takes the malaria fight to the next level.
"By controlling them right at the source we hope to have an impact ultimately on the transmission of malaria," Knols said.
He and fellow researchers chose Tanzania's Zanzibar archipelago for the pilot partly due to its progressive laws on the use of drones for research.
"It is very difficult to just walk through the paddies and apply the chemicals, so you want to have something that can just spray it on the water surface. It spreads, does the job and that's it," said Wolfgang Richard Mukabana from the University of Nairobi, one of the researchers.
After the trial in Zanzibar, they aim to publish their findings in peer-reviewed journals, they said, and hope to expand the approach across the continent.
The liquid is made by Australian company Aquatain Products Pty Ltd, which says it is highly permeable to gases so does not prevent the water from being oxygenated.


Detailed course offerings (Time Schedule) are available for
SWED 101 Elementary Swedish (5)
Fundamentals of oral and written Swedish. First in a sequence of three.
View course details in MyPlan: SWED 101
SWED 102 Elementary Swedish (5)
Fundamentals of oral and written Swedish. Second in a sequence of three.
View course details in MyPlan: SWED 102
SWED 103 Elementary Swedish (5)
Fundamentals of oral and written Swedish. Third in a sequence of three.
View course details in MyPlan: SWED 103
SWED 150 Intensive First-year Swedish (15)
Fundamentals of oral and written Swedish. Intensive practice in speaking, reading, and writing. Interactive classroom, computer-assisted learning, language and reading laboratories. Emphasis on contemporary Swedish culture and society. If Swedish is the student's language of admission, only 10 credits count towards graduation.
View course details in MyPlan: SWED 150
SWED 199 Foreign Study: Elementary Swedish (1-15, max. 15)
Fundamentals of oral and written Swedish.
View course details in MyPlan: SWED 199
SWED 201 Second-year Swedish (5) VLPA
Intensive practice in speaking, reading, and writing. Functional review of grammar. First in a sequence of three.
View course details in MyPlan: SWED 201
SWED 202 Second-year Swedish (5) VLPA
Intensive practice in speaking, reading, and writing. Functional review of grammar. Second in a sequence of three.
View course details in MyPlan: SWED 202
SWED 203 Second-year Swedish (5) VLPA
Intensive practice in speaking, reading, and writing. Functional review of grammar. Third in a sequence of three.
View course details in MyPlan: SWED 203
SWED 299 Foreign Study: Intermediate Swedish (1-15, max. 15) VLPA
Intensive practice in speaking, reading, and writing. Functional review of grammar. Discussion of culture and current events in Sweden.
View course details in MyPlan: SWED 299
SWED 300 Swedish Women Writers (5) VLPA
Readings from works by Swedish women writers.
View course details in MyPlan: SWED 300
SWED 301 Topics in Swedish Literature and Culture (5, max. 15) VLPA
Topics in Swedish literature, life, and civilization.
View course details in MyPlan: SWED 301
SWED 302 The Swedish Novel (5) VLPA
Selected works by novelists of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
View course details in MyPlan: SWED 302
SWED 352 Strindberg and His Works (5) VLPA
Representative short stories, dramas, autobiographical works, poems, and one novel.
View course details in MyPlan: SWED 352
SWED 395 Foreign Study: Swedish Area Studies (1-5, max. 10) I&S
Courses in Swedish history, society, and/or politics.
View course details in MyPlan: SWED 395
SWED 399 Foreign Study: Topics in Swedish Literature and Culture (1-5, max. 15) VLPA
Topics in Swedish literature, life, and civilization.
View course details in MyPlan: SWED 399
SWED 490 Supervised Reading (1-5, max. 10)
Readings in a selected area of Swedish language, literature, or related fields.
View course details in MyPlan: SWED 490
SWED 510 Graduate Level Proficiency in Swedish (2-5, max. 15) Adams, Dubois
Advanced training in graduate level proficiency in Swedish. Prerequisite: 15 credits of 300-400 level SWED courses. Offered: AWSpS.
View course details in MyPlan: SWED 510


Rishabh Gupta
HELLO
ABOUT
PROJECTS
CONTACT ME
Hello !!
I'm Rishabh
And I am a Creative Web Developer
Who makes the Design and Code
INTERSECT
About Me
Front-End Web Developer with great skills in Project Management
I'm 22
Went to Springdales School(Dhaula Kuan)
Engineer in IT Stream
Great command in:
HTML5
CSS3
Bootstrap
jQuery
JavaScript
JSON
AJAX
React.js
Projects
Portfolio
Tribute Page
Random Quote Machine
Local Weather Application
Wikipedia Viewer
Javascript Calculator
Twitch TV Application
MarkDown Previewer
Recipe Box
Contact Me
You Can Also Visit
Compiled By
Rishabh Gupta


Copyright ©2001W3C® (MIT, INRIA, Keio), All Rights Reserved. W3C liability, trademark, document use and software licensing rules apply.
This specification provides guidelines for Web authoring tool developers. Its purpose is two-fold: to assist developers in designing authoring tools that produce accessible Web content and to assist developers in creating an accessible authoring interface.
Authoring tools can enable, encourage, and assist users ("authors") in the creation of accessible Web content through prompts, alerts, checking and repair functions, help files and automated tools. It is just as important that all people be able to author content as it is for all people to have access to it. The tools used to create this information must therefore be accessible themselves. Adoption of these guidelines will contribute to the proliferation of Web content that can be read by a broader range of readers and authoring tools that can be used by a broader range of authors.
This document is part of a series of accessibility documents published by the W3C Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI).
This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. The latest status of this document series is maintained at the W3C.
This document has been produced by the Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines Working Group (AUWG), part of the Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI). The goals of the Working Group are discussed in the AUWG charter.
This document has been made available to the WAI Interest Group for review, but is not endorsed by them. This is a working draft, and it is not endorsed by the W3C or its members. It is inappropriate to refer to this document other than as "work in progress".
This is the first Public Working Draft of a document which may eventually supersede the W3C Recommendation Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 [ATAG10]. The Working Group has made it available for review by W3C Members and other interested parties, in accordance with W3C Process.
This draft refers to the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 1.0 for specification of accessible content. It is expected (but not guaranteed) that if Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0 [WCAG20] (currently in Working Draft status) becomes a W3C Recommendation, the Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines "Wombat" document will refer to WCAG 2.0 and become Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines version 2.0.
The Working Group expects the current "Wombat" draft to be backwards-compatible with ATAG 1.0, or at most to make only minor changes in requirements. Before this document reaches last call, the Working Group will publish a detailed analysis of the differences in requirements. This version is expected to be easier to use. It results from experience with ATAG 1.0, and working group review of previous versions of this draft, and is intended to fulfill the requirements for a new version set by the Working Group.
As an initial internal draft, this document still refers (non-normatively) to the Techniques for Authoring Tool Accessibility1.0 [ATAG10-TECHS]. As part of development of this draft, it is expected that the working group will draft a matching version of the Techniques information.
Please send general comments about this document to the public mailing list<EMAIL_ADDRESS>(public archives). Outstanding issues identified by the Working group are marked within this document, and the Working Group particularly welcomes comment on those. Issues which are under consideration and those which have been resolved by the working group are listed in the document ATAG "Wombat" Issues. A log of changes between successive Working Drafts is available.
A list of current W3C Recommendations and other technical documents including Working Drafts and Notes can be found at http://www.w3.org/TR.
An appendix to this document lists all checkpoints for convenient reference.
In these guidelines, the term "authoring tool" refers to the wide range of software used for creating Web content, including:
The goals of this document can be stated as follows: that the authoring tool be accessible to authors regardless of disability, that it produce accessible content by default, and that it support and encourage the author in creating accessible content. Because most of the content of the Web is created using authoring tools, they play a critical role in ensuring the accessibility of the Web. Since the Web is both a means of receiving information and communicating information, it is important that both the Web content produced and the authoring tool itself be accessible.
To achieve these goals, authoring tool developers must take steps such as ensuring conformance to accessible standards (e.g., HTML 4), checking and correcting accessibility problems, prompting, and providing appropriate documentation and help. For detailed information about what constitutes accessible content, these guidelines rely on the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 [WCAG10]. Similarly, rather than directly reproducing existing specifications that address general accessible software design, these guidelines rely on other sources. The present guidelines do address accessible design considerations specific to Web authoring tools such as providing flexible editing views, navigation aids and access to display properties for authors.
The principles set forth in these guidelines will benefit many people who do not have a disability but who have similar needs. This includes people who work in noisy or quiet environments where the use of sound is not practical, people who need to use their eyes for another task and are unable to view a screen, and people who use small mobile devices that have a small screen, no keyboard, and no mouse.
A separate document, entitled "Techniques for Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines 1.0" [ATAG10-TECHS], provides suggestions and examples of how each checkpoint might be satisfied. It also includes references to other accessibility resources (such as platform-specific software accessibility guidelines) that provide additional information on how a tool may satisfy each checkpoint. Readers are strongly encouraged to become familiar with the Techniques Document as well as "Techniques for Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0" [WCAG10-TECHS] and "Techniques for User Agent Accessibility Guidelines 1.0" [UAAG10-TECHS].
Note: The techniques in [ATAG10-TECHS] are informative examples only. Other strategies may be used to satisfy the checkpoints in addition to, or in place of, those discussed in [ATAG10-TECHS].
Note: Authoring tools that conform to this document will propagate accessible Web content and be useful to anyone regardless of disability. There will also be authoring tools that produce accessible content in favorable circumstances (e.g., a text editor used by a motivated author), or provide an accessible interface to authors with certain disabilities, but that do not conform to these guidelines.
The seven guidelines in this document are general principles for accessible design. Each guideline includes:
The checkpoint definitions in each guideline specify requirements for authoring tools to follow the guideline. Each checkpoint definition includes:
Each checkpoint is intended to be specific enough that it can be verified, while being sufficiently general to allow developers the freedom to use the most appropriate strategies to satisfy it.
An appendix to this specification [WOMBAT-CHECKLIST] lists all checkpoints, ordered by priority, for convenient reference.
Each checkpoint has a priority level. The priority level reflects the impact of the checkpoint in meeting the goals of this specification. These goals are:
The priority levels are assigned as follows:
Some checkpoints that refer to generating, authoring, or checking Web content have multiple priorities. The priority depends on the corresponding priority in the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 1.0 [WCAG10].
For example:
When a checkpoint in this document refers to the WCAG 1.0 [WCAG10], only the WCAG 1.0 checkpoints that refer to content supported or automatically generated by the authoring tool apply. Some of the applicable WCAG 1.0 checkpoints may be satisfied automatically (without author participation) while others require human judgment and support from the tool in the form of prompts and documentation. Different tools may satisfy the same checkpoint differently.
The priority level for each checkpoint has been chosen based on the assumption that the author is a competent, but not necessarily expert, user of the authoring tool, and that the author has little or no knowledge of accessibility. For example, the author is not expected to have read all of the documentation, but is expected to know how to turn to the documentation for assistance.
This section explains how to make a valid claim that an authoring tool conforms to this document. Anyone may make a claim (e.g., vendors about their own products, third parties about those products, journalists about products, etc.). Claims may be published anywhere (e.g., on the Web or in product documentation).
The conformance icons provided for Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 are not valid for expressing conformance to this draft
A conformance claim must indicate what conformance level is met:
Note: Conformance levels are spelled out in text (e.g., "Double-A" rather than "AA") so they may be understood when rendered as speech.
A well-formed claim must include the following information:
This information may be provided in text or metadata markup (e.g., using the Resource Description Framework (RDF) [RDF10] and an RDF schema designed for WAI conformance claims). All content in a claim provided other than as metadata must be accessible according to the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 [WCAG10].
Here is an example of a claim expressed in HTML:

MyAuthoringTool version 2.3 on MyOperatingSystem conforms to W3C's "Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines "wombat" Working Group Internal Draft, 22 June 2001", available at http://www.w3.org/WAI/AU/wombat/010622, level Double-A. Details of this claim are provided at  http://example.com/details.

A conformance claim is valid for a given conformance level if:
Claimants (or relevant assuring parties) are responsible for the validity of a claim. As of the publication of this document, W3C does not act as an assuring party, but it may do so in the future, or establish recommendations for assuring parties.
Claimants are expected to modify or retract a claim if it may be demonstrated that the claim is not valid. Please note that it is not currently possible to validate claims completely automatically.
There are currently no conformance icons available for this draft specification. If it becomes a recommendation it is expected that there will be conformance icons like those available for Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines 1.0.
If the tool automatically generates markup, many authors will be unaware of the accessibility status of the final content unless they expend extra effort to review it and make appropriate corrections by hand. Since many authors are unfamiliar with accessibility, authoring tools are responsible for automatically generating accessible markup, and where appropriate, for guiding the author in producing accessible content.
Many applications feature the ability to convert documents from other formats (e.g., Rich Text Format) into a markup format specifically intended for the Web such as HTML. Markup changes may also be made to facilitate efficient editing and manipulation. It is essential that these processes do not introduce inaccessible markup or remove accessibility content, particularly when a tool hides the markup changes from the author's view.
Rationale: this is a basic requirement to allow the author to create accessible content within the tool.
At minimum (required basic functionality): the author can add or edit any elements or element properties of the language that can enhance accessibility.
More advanced (optional suggested functionality): provide an integrated interface to properties affecting accessibility (see also )
See also: checkpoint 7.2,
At minimum (required basic functionality):Accessibility content must be preserved. Where sufficient structure information to allow reversal of the transformation is not preserved, the author must be notified that the transformation cannot be reversed accessibly. [@@issue 1: this requirement is still under discussion]
Optional advanced implementation: use markup, or some other mechanism to record the transformation and ensure reversibility.
Note this checkpoint covers importing from a format the tool does not use.
See also
At minimum templates, clip art, scripts, applets, example pages, etc supplied with the tool must conform to WCAG 1 (to the conformance level claimed by the tool)
See also
More advanced implementations may integrate this with the checking and repair functions of guideline 4, allowing the author finer-grained control.
Note: The author may have included or imported markup that enhances accessibility but is not recognized by the tool.
Conformance with standards promotes interoperability and accessibility by making it easier to create specialized user agents that address the needs of users with disabilities. In particular, many assistive technologies used with browsers and multimedia players are only able to provide access to Web documents that use valid markup. Therefore, valid markup is an essential aspect of authoring tool accessibility.
Where applicable use W3C Recommendations, which have been reviewed to ensure accessibility and interoperability. If there are no applicable W3C Recommendations, use a published standard that enables accessibility.
More advanced: Provide a mechanism for importing new language definitions
Rationale: W3C specifications have undergone review specifically to ensure that they do not compromise accessibility, and where possible, they enhance it.
See also:
Rationale: This is necessary for user agents to be able to render Web content in a manner appropriate to a particular user's needs.
See also:
Well-structured information and equivalent alternative information are cornerstones of accessible design, allowing information to be presented in a way most appropriate for the needs of the user without constraining the creativity of the author. Yet producing equivalent information, such as text alternatives for images and auditory descriptions of video, can be one of the most challenging aspects of Web design, and authoring tool developers should attempt to facilitate and automate the mechanics of this process. For example, prompting authors to include equivalent alternative information such as text equivalents, captions, and auditory descriptions at appropriate times can greatly ease the burden for authors. Where such information can be mechanically determined and offered as a choice for the author (e.g., the function of icons in an automatically-generated navigation bar, or expansion of acronyms from a dictionary), the tool can assist the author. At the same time, the tool can reinforce the need for such information and the author's role in ensuring that it is used appropriately in each instance.
Rationale:This checkpoint requires authoring tools to ask for (and support the creation of) alternate text, captions, auditory descriptions, collated text transcripts for video, etc. at times appropriate to the author-tool interaction.
Note: Some checkpoints in the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 [WCAG10] do not apply. [@@issue 5: identify which checkpoints apply]
More advanced implementations might provide special authoring facilities that automate some of the process of generating alternative information (ex. voice recognition to produce collated text transcripts).
See also: Checkpoint 3.4,
Note: Some checkpoints in Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 [WCAG10] do not apply. [@@issue 6: identify which ones]
At minimum basic required functionality: Usually, when a new object is inserted, the function is unknown, so the tool should prompt the author to enter an appropriate equivalent alternative without providing a generated default entry (e.g. the file name and size). However, alternatives may be automatically generated or re-used when the tool has either placed the object for a specific purpose (e.g. navigation bar) or the user has defined a purpose for the object. Only an alternative that has been explicitly associated with an object may be offered as a default entry for the author to approve.
See also: checkpoint 1.4 and checkpoint 3.4,
Rationale: Compliance with checkpoint 3.3 may be simplified by providing an alternative equivalent management system.
At minimum: store associations between the multimedia objects and alternatives created by the author, allowing the author to edit the alternatives and reuse them easily.
More advanced implementations might collect alternatives from a variety of sources (the author, prepackaged, the Web) and provide powerful tools for managing the associations, including search functions and object similarity estimates.
See also:
Many authoring tools allow authors to create documents with little or no knowledge about the underlying markup. To ensure accessibility, authoring tools must be designed so that they can (where possible, automatically) identify inaccessible markup, and enable its correction even when the markup itself is hidden from the author.
Authoring tool support for the creation of accessible Web content should account for different authoring styles. Authors who can configure the tool's accessibility features to support their regular work patterns are more likely to accept accessible authoring practices (refer to guideline 5). For example, some authors may prefer to be alerted to accessibility problems when they occur, whereas others may prefer to perform a check at the end of an editing session. This is analogous to programming environments that allow users to decide whether to check for correct code during editing or at compilation.
Note: Validation of markup is an essential aspect of checking the accessibility of content.
Rationale: provide the author with a utility that helps check documents for accessibility problems.
More advanced implementation: the checks should be automated to the greatest extent possible.
See also:
At a minimum, provide context-sensitive help with the accessibility checking required by checkpoint 4.1.
Advanced implementations: provide the author with automated or semi-automated correction tools, in addition to guidelines and examples.
See also: checkpoint 4.1
At minimum (required basic functionality): provide a list of the problems by type.
Advanced implementations might integrate the summary with the tool's repair functionality to increase the flexibility with which problems can be corrected (see checkpoint 4.2).
See also:
When a new feature is added to an existing software tool without proper integration, the result is often an obvious discontinuity. Differing color schemes, fonts, interaction styles, and even software stability can be factors affecting author acceptance of the new feature. In addition, the relative prominence of different ways to accomplish the same task can influence which one the author chooses. Therefore, it is important that creating accessible content be a natural process when using an authoring tool.
Minimum (required basic functionality): The user interface component to initiate the function must be a visible part of the main user interface
More advanced (suggested): Allow the user to configure this to happen on a schedule or at user request
See also: checkpoints 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2 Techniques for checkpoint 5.2
Rationale: that accessibility-related functionality be integrated as seamlessly as possible.
At minimum, the accessibility features should not contrast with the normal operation of the tool. This means that they should be operable with approximately the same number of mouse clicks or keystrokes, the same amount of instruction, and the same degree of flexibility as other features.
For example, if an element's properties are displayed in a floating toolbar, accessibility-related prompts should be added to this toolbar, not implemented as intrusive pop-up boxes.
More advanced implementations might see accessibility features such as checking, integrated to the same level as analogous features unrelated to accessibility.
For example, if underlining or color changes are used to notify the author, while they work, of syntax and spelling errors, accessibility problems should be similarly flagged.
At minimum, when there is an accessible and a less accessible means for performing an action, the user interface of the tool should be organized so that the accessible means is at least as visible in the user interface and at least as easy to activate in terms of mouse clicks and keystrokes than the less accessible means.
More advanced solutions might purposefully impede the visibility and use of the less accessible means.
See also:
At minimum (required basic functionality): all documented examples of the authoring tool interface (i.e. dialog boxes, code views, etc.) should include any relevant accessible authoring practices.
See also:
Web authors may not be familiar with accessibility issues that arise when creating Web content. Therefore, help and documentation must include explanations of accessibility problems, and should demonstrate solutions with examples.
At minimum (required basic functionality): Document the purpose and use of all features of the tool that help create accessible content.
More advanced implementations Provide context-sensitive links to this documentation from the actual features, within the authoring tool user interface. Also provide a dedicated "Accessibility" section of the documentation for this material.
See also: checkpoint 5.4,
At minimum (required basic functionality): Document the techniques required to meet all WCAG checkpoints at the relevant priority level - (these may include work-around methods where the tool does not yet have the appropriate functionality).
Optional advanced functionality: Automating the process of producing accessible content will mean that nothing special needs to be done to meet this checkpoint. But providing context-sensitive linking to this documentation may be an intermediary development strategy.
See also:
The authoring tool is a software program with standard user interface elements and as such must be designed according to relevant user interface accessibility guidelines. When custom interface components are created, it is essential that they be accessible through the standard access mechanisms for the relevant platform so that assistive technologies can be used with them.
Some additional user interface design considerations apply specifically to Web authoring tools. For instance, authoring tools must ensure that the author can edit (in an editing view) using one set of stylistic preferences and publish using different styles. Authors with low vision may need large text when editing but want to publish with a smaller default text size. The style preferences of the editing view must not affect the markup of the published document.
Authoring tools must also ensure that the author can navigate a document efficiently while editing, regardless of disability. Authors who use screen readers, refreshable braille displays, or screen magnifiers can make limited use (if at all) of graphical artifacts that communicate the structure of the document and act as signposts when traversing it. Authors who cannot use a mouse (e.g., people with physical disabilities or who are blind) must use the slow and tiring process of moving one step at a time through the document to access the desired content, unless more efficient navigation methods are available. Authoring tools should therefore provide an editing view that conveys a sense of the overall structure and allows structured navigation.
Note: Documentation, help files, and installation are part of the software and need to be available in an accessible form.
See also:
At minimum (required basic functionality): provide at least one accessible way to edit every element and object property supported by the tool.
More advanced implementations might ensure that all of the ways in which the tool allows element and object properties to be edited should be accessible.
See also
At minimum (required basic functionality): the checkpoint requires that the author be able to copy, cut or paste an element and its content at any level of the document tree hierarchy.
More advanced implementations might provide more powerful ways to edit elements or groups of elements in the structure.
See also:
At minimum there must be some mechanism for changing the document display independently of the document markup.
There are a number of ways that this can be achieved, including supporting operating environment display preferences and allowing the author to specify an editing style sheet that is different from those included with the end document. In addition, there must be some means by which textual alternatives can be displayed to the author in place of non-text elements. [@@issue 8 - need to clean this paragraph up - some is techniques, plus wording and some is useful for the checkpoint]
See also:
At minimum, the author should be able to move from element to element. [@@issue 9: is this actually what we need?]
More advanced implementations might provide highly flexible mechanisms that take advantage of the hierarchical nature of the document tree.
See also:
At minimum, the tool should allow basic text search with a choice of skipping or including markup
More advanced implementations might have more powerful mechanisms that, for example, can search on the basis of structure or similarity.
See also:
"alt"
,
"title"
, and "longdesc"
attributes in
HTML).IMG
or DL
), the
values of its attributes, and information associated
by means of a style sheet. In a database, properties of a particular
element may include values of the entry, and acceptable data types for
that entry.BLOCKQUOTE
element in HTML [HTML4] to achieve an indentation
visual layout effect. Structural markup should be used correctly to
communicate the roles of the elements of the content and presentation markup should be used
separately to control the presentation and layout.Many thanks to the following people who have contributed through review and comment: Giorgio Brajnik, Daniel Dardailler, Katie Haritos-Shea, Phill Jenkins, Len Kasday, Marjolein Katsma, William Loughborough, Matthias Müller-Prove, Graham Oliver, Chris Ridpath, Gregory Rosmaita, Heather Swayne, Carlos Velasco.
This document would not have been possible without the work of those who contributed to The Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines 1.0
For the latest version of any W3C specification please consult the list of W3C Technical Reports at http://www.w3.org/TR.


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Jen Cogburn is the founder of SacredWaters in Long Island City, Queens.
She offers wellness services such as floating, reflexology, and tribal and henna art.
I shot all my clips on an iPhone 6s and condensed over 45 minutes of film into a short 1 minute clip using the iMovie app.
Jen, thanks so much for letting me profile you and your business!


This website template has been collect from 模板之家 for you, for free. You can replace all this text with your own text. You can remove any link to our website from this website template, you're free to use this website template without linking back to us. If you're having problems editing this website template, then don't hesitate to ask for help on the Forums.
You can replace all this text with your own text. You can remove any link to our website from this website template, you're free to use this website template without linking back to us. You can replace all this text with your own text. You can remove any link to our website from this website template.
You can replace all this text with your own text. You can remove any link to our website from this website template, you're free to use this website template without linking back to us. You can replace all this text with your own text. You can remove any link to our website from this website template, you're free to use this website template without linking back to us.


--- title: "Credits" description: "Scored to films which was shown around the world" header-img: "assets/img/header/credits.jpg" ---


| progress_estimated {dplyr} | R Documentation |
This progress bar has been deprecated since providing progress bars is not the responsibility of dplyr. Instead, you might try the more powerful progress package.
This reference class represents a text progress bar displayed estimated
time remaining. When finished, it displays the total duration. The
automatic progress bar can be disabled by setting option
dplyr.show_progress
to FALSE
.
progress_estimated(n, min_time = 0)
n |
Total number of items |
min_time |
Progress bar will wait until at least |
A ref class with methods tick()
, print()
,
pause()
, and stop()
.
p <- progress_estimated(3) p$tick() p$tick() p$tick() p <- progress_estimated(3) for (i in 1:3) p$pause(0.1)$tick()$print() p <- progress_estimated(3) p$tick()$print()$ pause(1)$stop() # If min_time is set, progress bar not shown until that many # seconds have elapsed p <- progress_estimated(3, min_time = 3) for (i in 1:3) p$pause(0.1)$tick()$print() ## Not run: p <- progress_estimated(10, min_time = 3) for (i in 1:10) p$pause(0.5)$tick()$print() ## End(Not run)


15. Data collection server database tables¶
Below is the description of all the tables created by the opendsa django app models.py file.
15.1. Exercise¶
Stores exercises information.
Column Type Description name int Name of the exercise description longtext Description of the exercise author varchar Exercise author covers longtext
- Topic covered by the
- exercise
ex_type varchar Type of exercise: Khan academy, JSAV proficiency, or JSAV slide shows streak (KA exercises) decimal streak of correct exercise for proficiency
15.2. Books¶
Stores books information.
Column Type Description book_name varchar Name of the book description longtext Book’s URL
15.3. Assignments¶
Stores assignments information.
Column Type Description course_module(1) int reference to assignment name assignment_book(2) int reference to book assignment_exercises
- comma separated
- integers
Exercise author
Foreign keys: (1) Exercise_CourseModule table (A+ database), (2) Book table.
15.4. Module¶
Stores modules information.
Column Type Description short_display_name varchar Name of the module name longtext Description of the module author varchar Exercise author covers longtext
- Topic covered by the
- exercise
exercises_list comma separated integers List of exercises in the module
15.5. BookModuleExercise¶
Stores information related to books, modules, and exercises relationships.
Column Type Description book(1) int Reference to book module(2) int Reference to module exercise(3) int Reference to exercise points int Points of the exercise
Foreign keys: (1) Book table, (2) Module table, (3) Exercise table.
15.6. BookChapter¶
Stores information about chapters in a book.
Column Type Description book(1) int Reference to book name int Name of the chapter module_list comma separated integers List of modules in the chapter
Foreign keys: (1) Book table.
15.7. UserBook¶
Stores book-user relationships and if user’s work should be graded.
Column Type Description book(1) int Reference to book user(2) int Reference to user grade boolean Indicates if user’s grades should be displayed in teachers’ view
Foreign keys: (1) Book table, (2) Auth_User table (Django table).
15.8. UserButton¶
Stores clickstream/interactions data
Column Type Description book(1) int Reference to book user(2) int Reference to user exercise(3) int reference to exercise module(4) int reference to module name varchar type of interaction description longtext description of the interaction action_time datetime time of the interaction uiid int unique id of the intercation browser_family varchar browser used by the user browser_version varchar browser’s version os_family varchar operating system used os_version varchar operating system’s version device varchar device used by the user ip_address varchar IP address of the user
Foreign keys: (1) Book table, (2) Auth_User table (Django table), (3) Exercise table, (4) Module table.
Jsav buttons jsav-forward: go to the next slide. jsav-backward: back to the previous slide. jsav-begin: go to the first page of the slideshow. jsav-end: go to the last page of the slideshow. => With AV information (see below), those actions would be very useful to calculate which slides are most viewed, and it would give a different aspect to calculate the slide reading time.
Mouse focus window-focus: student is looking at this page. window-blur: student left this page. => With this information, we might be able to calculate students’ actual spent time on OpenDSA.
Module load window-unload: in the current system, this actions is recorded only when students leave the page, but within Canvas, it is recorded when users hit the next button to continue reading the prose. document-ready: a module is loaded.
KA exercise load-ka: this action is recorded when KA exercise framework is loaded. When KA exercise framework is loaded, all interaction logs go to userexerciselog, so userbutton table does not get any interaction log. However, when the KA exercise is refreshed (for gaming or any other reason), this actin is recorded on the userbutton table. Therefore, by counting the frequency of this action, we can tell how many times students refreshed the page to avoid hard questions. With a new infrastructure, we are getting an exact exercise name, so along with these two information, we can catch one type of gaming activity with confidence.
AV information ev_num: number of clicks on Jsav with any jsav button (forward, backward, begin, or end). currentStep: number of required clicks to reach the last slide. Thus, the total number of slide is the value of currentStep + 1. (e.g. if there is a set of slide with five slides, the currentStep value is four since you need to click four times to get to the end of the slide show).
15.9. UserModule¶
Records a summary of a student activity on a module
Column Type Description book(1) int Reference to book user(2) int Reference to user module(3) int reference to module first_done datetime date of first module attempt last_done datetime date of last module attempt proficient_date datetime date of prociciency
Foreign keys: (1) Book table, (2) Auth_User table (Django table), (3) Module table.
15.10. UserData¶
Records summary of user/exercises activity (started exercises and proficient exercises).
Column Type Description book(1) int Reference to book user(2) int Reference to user started_exercises comma separated int reference to module proficient_exercises comma separated int date of first module attempt
Foreign keys: (1) Book table, (2) Auth_User table (Django table)
15.11. UserExerciseLog¶
Records information about each exercise attempt.
Column Type Description user(1) int Reference to user exercise(2) int reference to exercise correct boolean correctness of the attempt time_done datetime time of the attempt time_taken datetime time taken to complete the exercise counts_hints int number of hint used hint_used boolean hint used or not earned_proficiency boolean proficiency earned or not count_attempt int number of attempts ex_question varchar KA question name request_type longtext KA user interaction type
Foreign keys: (1) Book table, (2) Exercise.
15.12. UserProgLog¶
Records additional information about each programing exercise attempt.
Column Type Description problem_log(1) int Reference to UserExerciseLog student_code longtext students attempt code feedback longtext compilation feedback
Foreign keys: (1) UserExerciseLog table.
15.13. UserProfExerciseLog¶
Stores additional information about each JSAV proficiency exercise attempt.
Column Type Description problem_log(1) int Reference to UserExerciseLog student int correct int fix int undo int total int
Foreign keys: (1) UserExerciseLog table.
15.14. UserExercise¶
Stores statistics about student attempts each record contains the data related to one student and one exercise.
Column Type Description user(1) int Reference to user exercise(2) int reference to exercise streak int streak of the attempt (KA) longuest_streak int user’s longuest streak first_done datetime time of first attempt last_done datetime time of last attempt total_done int total number of attempts total_correct int number of correct attempts proficient_date datetime date of proficiency progress decimal correctness percentage correct_exercises longtext a list of correct exercises current_exercises longtext current exercise title hinted_exercises longtext recently hint used exercise
Foreign keys: (1) Auth_User table (Django table), (2) Exercise table.
15.15. Bugs¶
Stores bugs reported by users.
Column Type Description user(1) int Reference to user os_family varchar OS where the bug occured browser_family varchar browser used title varchar short summary of the bug description longtext detailed bug’s description screenshot longtext path to the screenshot
Foreign keys: (1) Auth_User table (Django table).


Handlebars Helper Test Suite
This page needs to be served up by a server that can also deliver the required handlebars templates. The tests should not complete in a standalone browser.
"Before" Tests
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"Append" Tests
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"HTML" Tests
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"prepend" Tests
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"replaceWith" Tests
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 Well some people define it "keyboard shaped like a quitar"
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Computers, Laptops and Mobile Computing Devices Usage Policy
Laptops and mobile computing devices can be a great asset to learning, but they can also be a source of distraction and actually impair the learning environment.
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Be yourself, everyone else is taken.
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Our team looks forward to creating wonder and excitement for your guests. We work for both corporate and private clients in the SF Bay Area to design and produce memorable exeriences.
Whether you're interested in a bespoke interactive art exhibit, or a multi-hour adventure, let us be your hands and heart. Our team is able put the digital and mechanical into service to deliver powerful stories. Please check out our Projects to get a feel for our interests.
We enjoy working at the intersections of visual art, technology, and theater, and our collaborations often take us on exciting and rewarding journeys! If you have a project in mind, please get in touch.