IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS DATED: 04/11/2004 CORAM THE HONOURABLE MR. B. SUBHASHAN REDDY, CHIEF JUSTICE and THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE A. KULASEKARAN W.P. No. 2570 of 2000 and W.P.No. 9139 of 2000 and W.M.P. No. 3964 and 13441 of 2000 Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board rep. by its Member Secretary 100, Anna Salai Chennai 600 032 ..Petitioner in both WPs -Vs- 1. The State Human Rights Commission Tamil Nadu rep. by its Member Hon'ble R. Rathinasami 35, Thiru-vi-ka Salai ... 1st Respondent in Chennai 600 014 both the WPs 2. Association of Radio and Television Engineering Employees All India Radio rep. by its Unit Secretary ... 2nd Respondent in Tuticorin 628 008 WP No. 2570/2000 3. S.P. Muthuraman President, Tirunelveli District Tamil Manila Congress Youth Wing Tamil Manila Congress Dist Office Vannarapettai ... 2nd Respondent in Tirunelveli 627 003 WP No. 9139/2000 Petitions filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India praying for a Writ of Certiorarified Mandamus as stated therein. For Petitioner : Mrs. Rita Chandrasekaran in both the Writ Petitions For Respondents : Mr. V.R. Balasubramanian for R1 in both the Writ Petitions :COMMON ORDER A. Kulasekaran, J) The prayer in WP No. 2570 of 2000 is for a Writ of Certioarified Mandamus to quash the enquiry proceedings in Case No.1444/rrs/99 in pursuance of the impugned order dated 07-12-1999 of the first respondent and direct the first respondent herein not to entertain any complaint or matters relating to 'pollution' in the State of Tamil Nadu. 2. The prayer sought for in WP No. 9139 of 2000 is for a Writ of Certiorarified Mandamus to call for the records and to quash the enquiry proceedings in Case No.1025/RRS/2000 in pursuance of the impugned order dated 17-05-2000 in so far as the petitioner/Board is concerned and direct the first respondent herein not to entertain any such complaint or matters relating to 'pollution' in the State of Tamil Nadu. 3. The case of the second respondent in WP No. 2570 of 2000 is that they have given a complaint to the first respondent herein that M/s. Sterlite Industries Limited, Tuticorin, which is a copper smelter plant, emits sulphur dioxide which settles down in the vicinity of the factory causing air pollution, as a result, the people of the vicinity including the employees of the second respondent are seriously affected. The first respondent, on the complaint of the second respondent felt it necessary to hold enquiry and issued the impugned notice. The facts involved in the case is that W.P. Nos. 15501 to 15503/1996, 5789/1999 and 16861 of 1998 were filed seeking common relief of quashing the clearance given by the Ministry of Environment and Forest and Tamil Nadu State Environment Committee. When the said writ petitions are pending, the first respondent has issued the impugned notice dated 07-12-1999 to the writ petitioner alleging pollution caused by the Sterlite Industries and for its closure. 4. The case of the second respondent in WP No. 9139 of 2000 is that it has given a complaint to the first respondent stating that M/s. India Cements Limited is causing air pollution which affects the public and also agricultural activities in the locality. On the said complaint, the first respondent felt it necessary to hold an enquiry and issued the impugned notice to the petitioner. The facts involved in this case is in respect of alleged violation caused by India Cements Limited, Shankar Nagar, Tirunelveli, writ Petitions are filed in WP No. 7822 and 13508 of 1998 seeking direction to prevent the smoke emanated from the said factory and to assess the damages caused to the residents due to the said pollution. When the said writ petitions are pending, the first respondent issued notice dated 17-05-2000 to the petitioner alleging pollution caused by India Cements Limited and to assess the alleged damages caused to the residents. 5. The common grounds taken in the writ petitions by the petitioners is while the writ petitions are pending in respect of the same subject matter before the Green bench of this Court, the first respondent is prohibited under Regulations (g) of Regulations 9 of State Human Rights (TN) (Procedure) Regulations, 1997. The enquiry proceedings initiated by the first respondent would lead to multiplicity of cases and encourage unnecessary and unlimited litigation. It is not proper for the first respondent Commission to entertain the complaint against the Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board in respect of matters relating to pollution, which falls under the provisions of Water Act, Air Act and Environment (Protection) Act. Any such action by the first respondent will defeat the very purpose of the aims and objects of the various Acts, under which the Board functions and exercising its statutory powers and it is an appellate authority constituted under the respective Acts and Rules. Under Section 23 of the Environment Act, 1 986, the Central Government has delegated powers vested in it under Section 5 of the Act to the Tamil Nadu Government by notification of the Ministry of Environment and Forest dated 10-02-1988, in and by the said notification, the State Government can also issue directions in writing to any persons, officers or any authority for closure or prohibition or regulation of any industrial operation or process and such person shall be bound to comply with such conditions. The Central Government, under the Environment (Protection) Act constituted the Loss of Ecology (Prevention and payment of Compensation) authority for the State of Tamil Nadu, which is vested powers under Section 5 of the Environment Act and also assess loss to the ecology and environment for the affected areas and identify the individual and families which suffered because of the pollution, while so, if any person is aggrieved in respect of any pollution, they can seek the remedy with the said authority and there is no need to entertain any complaint by the first respondent. Section 16 of Protection of Human Rights Act contemplates that persons likely to be prejudicially affected to be heard. If on any such of the enquiry, the Commission considers it necessary to enquire into the conduct of any person; or is of the opinion that the reputation of any person is likely to be prejudically affected by the enquiry, it shall give to the person reasonable opportunity of being heard in the enquiry and to produce evidence in his defence provided that nothing in this section shall apply where the credit of the witness is being impeached. By virtue of the above provisions, the first respondent ought not have treated the petitioner as respondent in the case before it, in the absence of any allegation against the petitioner in the complaint filed by the second respondent in respect of either its conduct or reputation. 6. The first respondent/Commission has filed its counter in WP No. 2 570 of 2000 stating that the Commission is not aware of the case pending before this Court; that the violations committed by third parties namely M/s. Sterlite Industries Limited within a period of one year prior to 26-04-1999; that the subject matter pending before the Commission do not appear to be the subject matter of the case pending before this Court; no documents were produced by the petitioner to show that the subject matter of the case pending before this Court is the subject matter for which the Commission has ordered notice under Section 16 of the Protection of Human Rights Act; that if there is a complaint regarding deprivation of human right suffered by any person due to pollution or lack of safety measures and clean environment, the Commission is empowered to hold an enquiry on such complaint; that the averment that the Commission is not a civil Court and the Environment (Protection) Act does not exclude the jurisdiction of the Commission; that under Section 10 (2) of the Protection of Human Rights Act, the Commission is empowered to regulate its own procedure read with Section 29 and the Commission framed its own regulation; that the Regulation 9 (g) provides that the Commission shall dismiss in limine any complaint which are subjudice in a Court or Tribunal, but the subject matter in dispute are not subjudice in a Court or Tribunal; Section 1 2 (a) of Protection of Human Rights Act empowers the Commission to inquire suo motu or on a petition presented to it by a victim or any person on his behalf, into the complaint of violation of human rights or abatement thereof or negligence in the prevention of such violation by a public servant; that the petitioner herein is a public servant and there is negligence on the part of the petitioner herein in the prevention of such violation, hence, it had rightly proceeded against the petitioner; that no immunity can be conferred upon the petitioner or its staff; that after receipt of the complaint from the complainants, the Commission ordered notice to the petitioner and the petitioner also appeared in person and later filed written statement; that before considering the case on merits, the petitioner has approached this Court; that the Commission has never rejected the objections of the petitioner and prayed for dismissal of the writ petitions. 7. Article 21 of the Constitution of India guarantees the life with dignity. This article worded with simple language, its scope has been extended to life, liberty, education, health etc., since it is the subject matter in large number of litigation. It prohibits deprivation of life or personal liberty except due process of law. It essentially deals with personal liberty, it is expanded to cover environment and public health. It concern about 'life' when deals with environment; and concern about 'liberty' when deals with human rights. 8. Human right means the rights relating to life, liberty, equality and dignity of the individual guaranteed by the Constitution or embodied in the International Covenants and enforceable by Courts in India. Human Rights are those minimal rights, which every individual must have against the State or other public authority by virtue of his/ her being a member of the human family, irrespective of any other consideration. The first documentary used the word human right is found in the charter of the United Nations which was adopted at Sanfransisco on June 25, 1945 and ratified by majority of signatories in October of that year. The first concrete step by way of formulating various human rights was taken by United Nations General Assembly in December 1948 by adopting the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The Universal Declaration has operated merely as statement of ideals which was not of the nature of legal binding covenants and no machinery was provided for its enforcement. A deficiency was removed by United Nations General Assembly by adopting two covenants in December 1956 which are the covenants of (i) civil and human rights and (ii) economic, social and secular rights. Thereafter, the two covenants came into force in December 1976. The history given supra shows the emergence of human rights. 9. In India, the Honourable Supreme Court has drawn inspiration from the international charters with the result, Indian Courts attempted to interpret statutes to conform to Rules of International Law or convention to which India is a party. The National Human Rights Commission is an expert body in itself. It is also a body sui jurist created under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993, for examining and investigating the question of complaints relating to violation of human rights as also the negligence on the part of the public servants in preventing such violation Paramjit Vs. State of Punjab AIR 1999 SC 340. The State Commission is also endowed with similar powers. 10. The relevant provisions of the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 runs as follows:- Section 2 (1) (d) Human rights means the rights relating to life, liberty, equality and dignity of the individual guaranteed by the Constitution or embodied in the International Covenants and enforceable by Courts in India. Section 12. Functions of the Commission The Commission shall perform all or any of the following functions namely- (a) inquire, suo motu or on a petition presented to it by a victim or any person on his behalf, into complaint of- (i) violation of human rights or abetment thereof; or (ii) negligence in the prevention of such violation by a public servant; (b) intervene in any proceeding involving any allegation of violation of human rights pending before a Court with the approval of such Court. (c) visit, under intimation to the State Government, any jail or any other institution under the control of the State Government, where persons are detained or lodged for purposes of treatment, reformation or protection to study the living conditions of the inmates and make recommendations thereon; (d) review the safeguards provided by or under the constitution or any law for the time being in force for the protection of human rights and recommend measures for their effective implementation; (e) review the factors, including acts of terrorism that inhibit the enjoyment of human rights and recommend appropriate remedial measures (f) study treaties and other international instruments on human rights and make recommendations for their effective implementation (g) undertake and promote research in the field of human rights (h) spread human rights literacy among various sections of society and promote awareness of the safeguards available for the protection of these rights through publications, the media, seminars and other available means; (i) encourage the efforts of non-governmental organisations and institutions working in the field of human rights; (j) such other functions as it may consider necessary for the promotion of human rights. Section 13. Powers relating to inquiries (1) The Commission shall, while inquiring into complaints under this Act, have all the powers of a Civil Court trying a suit under the Code of Civil Procedure, 190 8 (5 of 1908), and in particular in respect of the following matters, namely; (a) summoning and enforcing the attendance of witnesses and examining them on oath; (b) discovery and production of any document; (c) receiving evidence on affidavits; (d) requisitioning any public record or copy thereof from any Court or Office; (e) issuing Commissions for the examination of witnesses or documents; (f) any other matter which may be prescribed. (2) The Commission shall have power to require any person, subject to any privilege which may be claimed by that person under law (45 of 1860) for the time being in force, to furnish information on such points or matters as, in the opinion of the Commission, may be useful for, or relevant to, the subject matter of the inquiry and any person so required shall be deemed to be legally bound to furnish such information within the meaning of Section 176 and Section 177 of the Indian Penal Code. (3) The Commission or any other officer, not below the rank of a Gazetted Officer, specially authorised in this behalf by the Commission may enter any building or place where the Commission has reason to believe that any document relating to the subject matter of the enquiry may be found, and may seize any such document or take extracts or copies therefrom, subject to the provisions of Section 100 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, in so far as, it may be applicable. (4) The Commission shall be deemed to be a civil Court and when any offence as is described in Section 175, Section 178, Section 179, Section 180 or Section 228 of the Indian Penal Code is committed in the view or presence of the Commission, the Commission may, after recording the facts constituting the offence and the statement of the accused as provided for in the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, forward the case to a Magistrate having jurisdiction to try the same and the Magistrate to whom any such case is forwarded shall proceed to hear the complaint against the accused as if, the case has been forwarded to him under Section 346 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973. (5) Every proceeding before the Commission shall be deemed to be a judicial proceeding within the meaning of Sections 193 and 228, and for the purposes of Section 196 of the Indian Penal Code, and the Commission shall be deemed to be a Civil Court for all the purposes of Section 195 and Chapter XXVI of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973. Section 14 Investigation (1) The Commission may, for the purpose of conducting any investigation pertaining to the inquiry, utilise the services of any officer or investigating agency of the Central Government or State Government with the concurrence of the Central Government or the State Government, as the case may be. (2) For the purpose of investigating into any matter pertaining to the inquiry, any officer or agency whose services are utilised under sub-section (1) may, subject to the direction and control of the Commission - (a) summon and enforce the attendance of any person and examine him; (b) require the discovery and production of any document; and (c) requisitioning any public record or copy therefrom from any office (3) The provisions of Section 15 shall apply in relation to any statement made by a person before any officer or agency whose services are utilised under sub-section (1) as they apply in relation to any statement made by a person in the course of giving evidence before the Commission. (4) The officer or agency whose services are utilised under subsection (1) shall investigate into any matter pertaining to the inquiry and submit a report thereon to the Commission within such period as may be specified by the Commission in this behalf. (5) The Commission shall satisfy itself about the correctness of the facts stated and the conclusion, if any, arrived at in the report submitted to it under sub-section (4) and for this purpose the Commission may make such inquiry (including the examination of the person or persons who conducted or assisted in the investigation) as it thinks fit. Section 16. Persons likely to be prejudicially affected to be heard. If, at any stage of the inquiry, the Commission - (a) considers it necessary to enquire into the conduct of any person; or (b) is of the opinion that the reputation of any person is likely to be prejudically affected by the enquiry, it shall give to the person reasonable opportunity of being heard in the enquiry and to produce evidence in his defence provided that nothing in this section shall apply where the credit of the witness is being impeached. Section 17. Inquiry into Complaints:- The Commission, while inquiring into the complaints of violations of human rights may - (i) call for information or report from the Central Government or any State Government or any other authority or organisation subordinate thereto within such time as may be specified by it: Provided that (a) if the information or report is not received within the time stipulated by the Commission, it may proceed to inquire into the complaint on its own; (b) if, on receipt of information or report, the Commission is satisfied either that no further enquiry is required or that the required action has been initiated or taken by the concerned Government or authority, it may not proceed with the complaint and inform the complainant accordingly. Section 21 - Section 36. Matters not subject to jurisdiction of the Commission -
(1) The Commission shall not inquire into any matter which is pending before a State Commission or any other Commission duly constituted under any law for the time being in force
(ii) The Commission or the State Commission shall not inquire into any matter after the expiry of one year from the date on which the act constituting violation of human rights is alleged to have been committed.
Regulation 8 of National Human Rights Commissions (Procedures) Regulations, 1997:-
8. General.- (a) Complaints may be made to the Commission in English or Tamil or Hindi or in any of the languages included in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution.
(b) No fee shall be chargeable on complaints (c) The complaints should disclose a complete picture of the
matter complained against. The Commission may, if necessary call for further information and may direct affidavits to be filed in support of the allegations, whenever considered necessary.
11. Environment protection is the watchword of the last 20th Century, however, during the last two decades, there has been an increasing concern for an awareness towards environmental protection at the domestic level as also international. The Honourable Supreme Court, while giving due importance to the protection of environmental and having regard to the grave consequences of pollution of water and air and need for protecting and improving the natural environment, which construes to be one of the fundamental duties under the statutes had expressed the view in M.C. Mehta Vs.Union of India and others AIR 1988 SC 1115 that it is the duty of the Central Government to direct all the educational institutions throughout India to teach at least one hour in a week lessons relating to protection and improvement of natural environment. Article 48A of the Constitution provides for protection and improvement of environment and also safeguarding Forest and wild life. Article 15-A of the Constitution provides interalia that it shall be the duty of every Citizen of India to protect and improve and protect natural environment and to have compassion with living creatures.
12. In India, we have sufficient legislations on the subject in the form of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, Water (Prevention and Control) Act, 1974 and Air (Prevention and Control) Act 1981. The Honourable Supreme Court, while interpreting Article 21 of the Constitution (Protection for life and personal liberty) has held in B. Vadhera Vs. Union of India 1996 7 SCC 594 that right to protection and water free from pollution falls within Article 21.
13. The relevant provisions of the Environment (Protection) Act, 198 6.
Section 2. Definitions In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires -
(a) 'environment' includes water, air and land and the interrelationship which exist among and between water, air and land, and human beings, other living creatures, plants, micro-organism and property;
(b) 'environment pollutant' means any solid, liquid or gaseous substance present in such concentration as may be, or tend to be, injurious to environment;
Section 10 : Powers of entry and inspection. - (1) Subject to the provisions of this Section, any person empowered by the Central Government in this behalf shall have a right to enter, at all reasonable times with such assistance as he considers necessary, any place.
(a) for the purpose of performing any of the functions of the Central Government entrusted to him:
(b) for the purpose of determining whether and if so in what manner, any such functions are to be performed or whether any provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder or any notice, order, direction or authorisation served, made, given or granted under this Act is being or has been complied with:
(c) for the purpose of examining and testing any equipment, industrial plant, record, register, document or any other material object or for conducting a search of any building in which he has reason to believe that an offence under this Act or the rules made thereunder has been or is being or is about to be committee and for seizing any such equipment, industrial plan, record, register, document or other material object if he has reasons to believe that it may furnish evidence of the commission of an offence punishable under this Act or the rules made thereunder or that such seizure is necessary to prevent or mitigate environmental pollution.
(2) Every person carrying on any industry, operation or process or handling any hazardous substance shall be bound to render all assistance to the person empowered by the Central Government under subsection (1) for carrying out the functions under that sub-section and if he fails to do so without any reasonable cause or excuse, he shall be guilty of an offence under this Act.
(3) If any person wilfully delays or obstructs any person empowered by the Central Government under sub-section (1) in the performance of his functions, he shall be guilty of an offence under this Act.
(4) The provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (II of 19 74), or in relation to the State of Jammu and Kashmir, or any area in which that Code is not in force, the provisions of any corresponding law in force in that State or area shall, so far as may be, apply to any search or seizure under this section as they apply to any search or seizure made under the authority of a warrant issued under Section 94 of the said Code or, as the case may be, under the corresponding provision of the said law.
Section 11. Power to take sample and procedure to be followed in connection therewith.- (1) The Central Government or any officer empowered by it in this behalf, shall have power to take, for the purpose of analysis, samples of air, water, soil or other substance from any factory, premises or other place in such manner as may be prescribed.
(2) The result of any analysis of a sample taken under sub-section (1) shall not be admissible in evidence in any legal proceedings unless the provisions of sub-sections (3) and (4) are complied with.
(3) Subject to the provisions of sub-section (4), the person taking the sample under sub-section (1) shall -
(a) serve on the occupier or his agent or person in charge of the place, a notice, then and there, in such form as may be prescribed, of his intention to have it so analysed;
(b) in the presence of the occupier or his agent or person, collect a sample for analysis;
(c) cause the sample to be placed in a container or containers which shall be marked and sealed and shall also be signed both by the person taking the sample and the occupier or his agent or person;
(d) send without delay, the container or the containers to the laboratory established or recognised by the Central Government under Section
12. (4) When a sample is taken for analysis under sub-section (1) and the person taking the sample serve on the occupier or his agent or person, a notice under clause (a) of sub-section (3), then-
(a) in a case where the occupier, his agent or person wilfully absents himself, the person taking the sample shall collect the sample for analysis to be placed in a container which shall be marked and sealed and shall also be signed by the person taking the sample, and
(b) in a case where the occupier or his agent or person present at the time of taking the sample refuses to sign the marked and sealed container or containers of the sample as required under clause (c) of sub-section (3), the marked and sealed container or containers shall be signed by the person taking the samples and the container or containers shall be sent without delay by the person taking the sample for analysis to the laboratory established or recognised under Section 12 and such person shall inform the Government Analyst appointed or recognised under Section 13 in writing, about the wilful absence of the occupier or his agent or person, as the case may be, his refusal to sign the container or containers.
Section 12. Environment Laboratories. - (1) The Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazzette, -
(a) establish one or more environmental laboratories;
(b) recognise one or more laboratories or institutes as environmental laboratories to carry out the functions entrusted to an environmental laboratory under this Act.
(2) The Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazzette, make rules specifying -
(a) the functions of the environmental laboratory;
(b) the procedure for the submission to the said laboratory of samples of air, water, soil or other substance for analysis or tests, the form of the laboratory report thereon and the fees payable for such report:
Section 13. Government Analysts.- The Central Government, may, by notification in the official gazzette, appoint or recognise such persons as it thinks fit and having the prescribed qualifications to be Government Analysts for the purpose of analysis of samples of air, water, soil or other substance sent for analysis to any environmental laboratory established or recognised under sub-section (1) of Section 12 .
Section 14. Reports of Government Analysts.- Any document purporting to be a report signed by a Government Analyst may be used as evidence of the facts stated therein in any proceeding under this Act.
Section 15. Penalty for contravention of the provisions of the Act and the rules, orders and directions.- (1) Whoever fails to comply with or contravenes any of the provisions of this Act, or the rules made or orders or directions issued thereunder, shall, in respect of each such failure or contravention, be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extent to five years or with fine which may extent to one lakh rupees, or with both, and in case the failure or contravention continues, with additional fine which may extend to five thousand rupees for every day during which such failure or contravention continues after the conviction for the first such failure or contravention.
(2) if the failure or contravention referred to in sub-section (1) continues beyond a person of one year after the date of conviction, the offender shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to seven years.
Section 16. Offences by Companies.- (1) Where any offence under this Act has been committed by a company, every person who, at the time the offence was committed, was directly in charge of, and was responsible to, the company for the conduct of the business of the company, as well as the company, shall be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly:
Provided that nothing contained in this sub-section shall render any such person liable to any punishment provided in this Act, if he proves that the offence was committed without his knowledge or that he exercised all due diligence to prevent the commission of such offence.
(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), where an offence under this Act has been committed by a company and it is proved that the offence has been committed with the consent or connivance of , or is attributable to any neglect on the part of; any director, manager, secretary or other officer of the company, such director, manager, secretary or other officer shall also be deemed to be guilty of that offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.
Section 18. Protection of action taken in good faith:- No suit, prosecution or legal proceedings shall lie against the Government or any officer or other employee of the Government or any authority constituted under this Act or any member, officer or other employee of such authority in respect of anything which is done or intended to be done in good faith in pursuance of this Act or the rules, made or orders or directions issued thereunder.
Section 19. Cognizance of offences. - No Court shall take cognizance of any offence under this Act except on a complaint made by-
(a) the Central Government or any authority or officer authorised in this behalf by that Government; or
(b) any person who has given notice of not less than sixty days, in the manner prescribed, of the alleged offence and of his intention to make a complaint, to the Central Government or on the authority or officer authorised as aforesaid.
Section 22. Bar of jurisdiction No civil Court shall have jurisdiction to entertain any suit or proceeding in respect of anything done, action taken or order or direction issued by the Central Government or any other authority or officer in pursuance of any power conferred by or in relation to its or his functions under this Act.
Section 24. Effect of other laws (1) Subject to the provisions of sub-section (2), the provisions of this Act and the rules or orders made therein shall have effect notwithstanding anything inconsistent therewith contained in any enactment other than this Act.
(2) Where any act or omission constitutes an offence punishable under this Act and also under any other Act then the offender found guilty of such offence shall be liable to be punished under the other Act and not under this Act.
14. A cursory reading of the relevant sections would make it clear that the authorities under the Protection of Human Rights Act and the Environment (Protection) Act operates in different areas or field.
15. Harmonious interpretation of the provisions is justifiable and acceptable. The principles of interpretation is that no provision of an enactment should be interpreted and understood in such a manner as to render another provision in the same or another enactment totally ineffective or inoperative unless there is expression intention to that effect. As pointed out by the Apex Court in PolliSetti Vs. Kalluri Kameshwaramma AIR 1991 SC 604, statutes are made for public good and must be liberally construed.
16. The language of statutory provisions of both Acts are clear and unambiguous, however for limited purpose of determining the area of operation of the Acts, it may be proper to see the purpose or object of the legislation, it is permissible to look into the situations which prevail at the time when the Law was passed and which necessiated the passing of that Law. Shashikant Laxman Kale Vs.Union of India AIR 1990 SC 2114.
17. The objects and reasons of the Protection of Human Rights Act are as follows;
India is a party to international covenants on civil and political right and the international covenants on economical, social and cultural rights adopted by the General Assembly of United Nations on 16-12-1966. After wide range of discussions, the Human Rights Commission Bill 1993 was introduced in the Lok Sabha on 14-05-1993. In view of the urgency of the matter, the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 was promulgated by President of India on 28-09-1993. The salient features of the bill were that the Commission will be a fact-finding body with powers to conduct enquiry into complaint of violation of human rights. The Commission will be assisted by investigating agency of Central and State Governments. The Government may also constitute one or more special investigating teams. The State Government may set up Human Rights Court for speedy trial on offences arising out of violation of human rights and may also specify a Public Prosecutor or appoint an Advocate as a Special Public Prosecutor for the purpose of conducting cases in such Courts. The Commission may take steps for effective implementation of the existing Laws and treaties on common rights. The Commission may also undertake research in the field of human rights and measures to promote awareness of human rights among all sections of the society.
18. The statements of objects and reasons relating to The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 are decline in environmental quality has been evidenced by increasing pollution, loss of vegetal cover and biological diversity, excessive concentrations of harmful chemicals in the ambient atmosphere and in food chains, growing risk of environmental accidents and threats to life support system. Although there are existing laws dealing directly or indirectly with several environmental matters, it is necessary to have a general legislation for environmental protection and also to cover major areas of environmental hazards, multiplicity of regulatory agencies, need for an authority which can assume the lead role of studying, planning and implementing long term requirements of environmental safety and give protection to and coordinate a system of speedy and adequate response to emergency situations threatening the environment. In view of the said factors, there is an urgent need for enactment of a general resolution on environmental pollution which interalia should enable co-ordination of activities of various regulatory agencies, creation of authority or authorities with advocate powers for environmental protection, regulation of discharge of environmental pollutants and handling of hazardous substances, speedy response in the event of accidents threatening environment and deterrent punishment to those who endanger human environment safety and health.
19. It is seen from the said objects and reasons that the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, Water (Prevention and Control) Act, Air ( Prevention and Control) Act, Environment Protection Rules, 1986 and other Rules namely Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling), Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals, Hazardous Microorganism, Biological Waste (Management and Handling), Plastic Manufacture, Sale and Usage, Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control), Ozone depleting Substances (Regulation and Control) and The Batteries ( Management and Handling) Rules are comprehensive to deal with pollution and also give protection from pollution.
20. Section 2(a) of the Environment (Protection) Act defines ' environment'. Section 2(b) defines 'environmental Pollutant'.
Section 10 of the environment (Protection) Act enables the Officers empowered by the Central Government to enter and inspect any place for the purpose of performing any functions entrusted under the legislation. It also empowers to punish any person wilfully delays or obstructs any person empowered by the Central Government.
Section 11 of the environment (Protection) Act deals with power to lift samples and the procedure connected therewith. Section 11 of Environment (Protection) Act is similar to Section 21 of Water ( Prevention and Control) Act and Section 26 of Air (Prevention and Control) Act.
Section 12 of the environment (Protection) Act speaks about establishment of environmental laboratories.
Section 17 of the environment (Protection) Act fixes criminal liability on the heads of departments of the Government where an offence is committed and the Head of the Departments is unable to prove that the offence was committed without his knowledge or that he exercised due diligence to prevent commission of such offence. Section 17 is similar to Section 48 of Water (Prevention and Control) Act and Section 41 of Air (Prevention and Control) Act.
Section 18 of the Environmental (Protection) Act, Section 59 of Water (Prevention and Control) Act and Section 42 of Air (Prevention and Control) Act are almost similar which protect the officers of the employees of the Government from prosecution or legal proceedings for the cause done or intended to be done in good faith in pursuance of this Act or the rules made or orders or directions issued thereunder.
Section 19 of the Environment (Protection) Act prohibits any Court to take cognisance of any offences under the Act, except on a complaint made by the Central Government or any authority or officer authorised in this behalf by that Government or any person, who has given notice of not less than sixty days of his intention to make a complaint to the Central Government, if within those period the Government or Officer or authority has itself made the complaint and has not communicated to such person which has refused to make such a complaint. Section 19 is similar to Section 49 of Water (Prevention and Control) Act and Section 43 of Air (Prevention and Control) Act.
Section 22 of the Environment (Protection) Act is similar to Section 58 of Water (Prevention and Control) Act and Section 46 of Air ( Prevention and Control) Act, which bars jurisdiction of civil court to entertain any suit or proceedings in respect of any action done, action taken or order or direction issued by the Central Government or any other authority or officer in pursuance of any powers conferred by or in relation to its function under the legislation. Section 24 (1) of the Environment (Protection) Act contemplates that subject to the provisions of sub-section (2) of Section 24 the provisions of this Act and the Rules or orders made therein shall have effect notwithstanding anything inconsistent therein contained in any enactment other than this Act. The expression 'prevents' reliance on any other Law to the contrary.
21. It is seen from the above analysis that the Environment ( Protection) Act, 1986 is a Special Act for environmental protection by way of studying, planning and implementing long term requirements on environmental issues and to give protection to co-ordinate a system for speedy and adequate response to emergency situations threatening the environment. It also enables the authorities to co-ordinate the activities of the various regulatory agencies.
22. Notices were issued by the first respondent herein invoking Section 16 of the Protection of Human Rights Act arraying the petitioner herein as respondent. The alleged violation of human rights in the said two cases are third parties caused air pollution. Section 42 of the Air (Prevention and Control) Act, which is similar to Section 18 of the Environment (Protection) Act protects the officers and employees of any authority constituted under the Act or any member, officer or other employees of such authority in respect of anything done or intended to be done in good faith in pursuance of this Act or the Rules made or orders or directions issued thereunder. Section 42 of the Air (Prevention and Control) Act protects the employees of the Board or any officer or any member or other employee of the Board, in respect of anything which done or intended to be done in good faith in pursuance of this Act or Rules made thereunder.
23. Joint reading of both the environment (Protection) Act and Air (Prevention and Control) Act make it clear that no suit or prosecution or legal proceedings shall lie against any authority constituted under the Act or any member, officer or other employee of such authority in respect of anything which is done or intended to be done in good faith in pursuance of this Act or the Rules, made or orders or directions issued thereunder.
24. It is not in dispute that the subject matter, for which the impugned notice has been issued by the Commission is the subject matter of the writ petition Nos. 15501 to 15503 of 1996, 5789 of 1997, 7822, 13508 and 16861 of 1998 and 3964 of 2000 pending before this Court and this Court also issued directions from time to time to the petitioner to permit the said two Industries to function with necessary precautions and safety measures as per norms.
25. Section 36, read with Regulation (g) of Regulations 9 of State Human Rights (TN) (Procedure) Regulations, 1997 prohibits the Commission from enquiring into any matter, which is pending before any Court or Tribunal. In view of the said facts, the impugned notices issued by the Commission citing the petitioner herein as a respondent is quashed.
26. The writ petitions are ordered accordingly. No costs. Consequently, connected WMPs are closed.
rsh Index : Yes Internet : Yes To The Member State Human Rights Commission Tamil Nadu 35, Thiru-vi-ka Salai Chennai 600 014


OCTIS is an open-source evaluation and optimization framework that allows you to optimize the hyperparameters of state-of-the-art Topic Models and compare their performance with respect to several evaluation metrics on several datasets.
Topic models are usually controlled by hyperparameters that have a huge impact on the performance of the model itself. The value of these hyperparameters are dependent on your task and on the dataset. To solve the problem of finding an optimal hyperparameter configuration of a topic model, we can run an optimization algorithm (in our case, we use Bayesian Optimization) that automatically and efficiently discovers an optimal configuration without a lot of effort. Just select the hyperparameters of the model you want to optimize, your objective evaluation metric and the iterations of the Bayesian Optimization algorithm and OCTIS will do the rest of the job!
OCTIS allows you to:
OCTIS has been realized for research purposes and it will be freely released to the NLP community. We collected open-source implementations of topic models, we used open-source libraries and freely available data. NOTE: We do not own the data. We just downloaded and prepared public datasets. We do not host or distribute these datasets, vouch for their quality or fairness, or claim that you have license to use the dataset. If you're a dataset owner and wish to update any part of it, or do not want your dataset to be included in this library, please get in touch through a GitHub issue.
Optimizing and Comparing Topic Models is Simple!


Shout!
Shout Upper!
Weird concatenation
Add to that array!
Remove from that array!
Conditional exercises
Check age
Count to Ten!
FizzBuzz
Play FizzBuzz!
Divide By Three? Let us see...
Enter string to count triples
Create a paragraph
Add to the paragraph
Delete the paragraph
Click for superheroes
Search for Kings
Enter the king search term
search the king database
Virtual Garage
Enter name
Enter registration number
Enter make of the car
Estimate the cost of the parts
Enter the time it will spend in the garage
Check in
Registration number to check out
Check out
Contents of Garage


{{partial "head.html"}}
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{{end}}
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{{ dateFormat "Monday, Jan 2, 2006" $.Date }}
The Go in 5 minutes blog has a new home! Head over to
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to stay up to date. And give us a follow if you can, I'd really appreciate it!
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Check out the Screencasts
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Spring rolls are a large variety of filled, rolled appetizers or dim sum found in East Asian and Southeast Asian cuisine. The name is a literal translation of the Chinese chūn juǎn (春卷 'spring roll'). The kind of wrapper, fillings, and cooking technique used, as well as the name, vary considerably within this large area, depending on the region's culture.


DailyCode 41
I envisioned today's design to be a simple graphic with tyopgraphic expressiveness. I wanted to code a "pixel perfect" render of my original sketch, which I actually achieved. Although I'm doing well in the coding of my designs, the concepts are still a bit fuzzy. To illustrate, I used the border property of the two triangles to achieve the shape, but I had to search for a way to do it online. I would of been stuck if there wasn't a how-to online. Also, a SVG would of been better to use for the shapes and what I put together was a css hack. I give myself credit for stretching today (I've mastered absolute positioning) and accomplishing the goal, but I'm an engineer and engineers don't hack things together. We build important, value things for society to use. We use knowledge and principles. Science and art.
If a user encountered this page, would they be able to engage it beyond just looking at it? Is it accessible? It is mostly inaccessible. The divs I used for the shapes contain no information for my users...they have no meaning. The words are almost nonsensical. Unless you were familiar with the lorem ipsum reference, how would you know what this phrase is? I want to move away from design like this...design without purpose, without function. Without function it is decoration. That's not the type of creator I am. The web is so much more than a technology. It is information, learning, access, empowerment, improvement. Whether I am designing or engineering, there is meaning to what I am doing. I have an effect. My work matters. I would like to have a meaningful, positive effect for the good of society and humanity.


Hello,

I would like to implement my own branching strategy. I examined the black-hole.cc and the queen-arimes.cc files but I do not understand very well the commit method. More precisely :

- what is the "a" parameter for ?

- what are nq and eq ?

Thanks in advance.

Benoît


TITLE: PRIMARY CARE H&P DATE OF NOTE: JUN 9,2009@11:12 ENTRY DATE: AUG 7,2009@19:12:27 AUTHOR: KEEP,NOLAN EXP COSIGNER: URGENCY: STATUS: COMPLETED TITLE: HISTORY & PHYSICAL DATE OF NOTE: JUN 9,2009@13:25 ENTRY DATE: JUN 9,2009@13:26:09 AUTHOR: KETCHERSIDE,JOE EXP COSIGNER: URGENCY: STATUS: UNSIGNED Nurse's note reviewed. CHIEF COMPLAINT:New patient for evaluation and management HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS: The patient is a 58 year old MALE with a history/evaluation of: Code Description 278.00 Obesity 250.00 Diabetes Mellitus Using experimental glucometer 401.9 Hypertension Controlled 414.9 Coronary Artery Disease PTCA to LAD Jan, 2006 - MSC Hospital 724.5 BACKACHE NOS 682.9 Acute abscess 428.0 CHF JONES,CHRISTOPHER presents with: All conditions are stable. MEDS:Active and Recently Expired Inpatient Medications (including Supplies): No Medications Found ALLERGIES:PENICILLIN, STRAWBERRIES, LACTOSE, CONTRAST MEDIA, OTHER RADIOLOGICAL/CONTRAST MEDIA PMH: PSH: Fam Hx: Father , Mother SocHx: Habits: Tob: PPD for years ETOH: Recreational Drugs:none Occupation: REVIEW OF SYSTEMS: CONSTITUTIONAL:Diaphoretic, or sweats.EYES:Denies Blurry Vision, double vision, red eyes.EARS,NOSE,MOUTH and THROAT:Denies difficulty in swallowing,tinnitus CARDIAC:Denies chest pain or chest pressure with exertion. RESP:No shortness of breath.Denies cough or sputum production. GI:No abd. pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea,constipation. GU:No urinary symptoms. HEMATOLOGIC/LYMPHATIC: denies enlarged Lymph nodes. ENDOCRINE: denies heat/cold intolerance.PSYCHIATRIC: No complaints of depression. PHYSICAL EXAM: VITALS: BP = 140/90 (05/03/2007 08:19), P = 88 (05/03/2007 08:19), Weight =244 lb [110.9 kg] (12/18/2006 21:15), Pain Scale = 5 (02/28/2007 12:25) HEENT: NCAT, PERLLA, EOMI, Anicteric Sclera, Normal Fundus, Ear canals clear bilaterally, TM's visualized, Throat clear with no erythema or exudates. Neck: No JVP, no lymphadenopathy, no thyromegaly, no carotid bruits. Lungs/Chest: Clear to auscultation bilaterally. No wheezes or rhonchi. Cor: S1,S2 audible. RRR No murmurs, rubs, heaves or gallops. Abdomen: Audible bowel sounds, soft, non-tender, non-distended, no hepatosplenomegaly, no palpable masses. Rectal: Fecal Occult Blood negative with controls. Prostate not enlarged. No palpable masses. Extrem: No cyanosis, clubbing, or edema bilaterally LABS: Primary Prevention: a) Rectal/Prostate Exam - // b) Fecal Occult Blood Testing - Give stool Cards Yes Refused c) Flexible Sigmoidoscopy - // Refused. d) Cholesterol - Patient counseled on Diet and Exercise e) PSA on //. Not done. Patient >75 years of age. Patient had PSA Counseling today. Patient given sheet to read and was able to ask questions. ASSESSMENT AND PLAN: 1) 2) 3) 4) RTC 6 months. Please give STOOL cards.


ME, MYSELF & IRENE A film review by David N. Butterworth Copyright 2000 David N. Butterworth
** (out of ****)
Jim Carrey playing a schizophrenic.
It's such an obvious concept you have to wonder why someone didn't think of it sooner. Unfortunately, Bobby and Peter Farrelly, the sicko sibs who brought us "There's Something About Mary," did think of it, and that means their latest film is filled with as much gross-out humor as it is Jim Carrey going "from gentle to mental" (the film's smart tagline).
In fact, "Me, Myself & Irene" is actually filled with *more* gross-out humor than it is Carrey doing his split personality thing, and that's its biggest failing. After the success of "'Mary," the Farrellys have clearly been trying to top their hysterical hair-gel sight gag, and "Me, Myself & Irene" serves up a scene or situation every ten minutes which threatens to dislodge it. But it never quite manages it. That's because "There's Something About Mary" was a rather sophisticated little comedy that went for shock value any chance it could. "Me, Myself & Irene" is a pretty tasteless--and much less funny--film highlighted by Jim Carrey pratfalling all over himself.
In this tale of a mild-mannered highway patrolman named Charlie (Carrey) whose pent-up emotions are finally unleashed in the form of an obnoxious alter-ego named Hank, the rubber-limbed comedian is adroitly cast.  Until he meets Irene, that his, and the lascivious Hank emerges.
Two personalities in love with the same women? Clever idea.  Ah, the subtle humor of Bobby and Peter Farrelly.
Renée Zellweger ("Jerry Maguire") plays Irene. Her performance is an odd one, since it feels displaced, as if phoned-in from another movie. She's never involved in any of the truly shocking stuff, only occasionally pausing to crinkle up her nose when Carrey (as the bully Hank) says something outrageous.
The Farrellys have a unique talent for making us squirm, but for two hours straight it's a bit much. I can watch a dog defecating on someone's lawn without paying $8.00 for the privilege thank you very much. "Me, Myself & Irene" is filled with a lot of good ideas that just sit around awaiting punchlines, or one-joke setups that are stretched out in perpetuity.
Take Charlie's three African American sons, for example--that's right, it seems that his pretty young (Caucasian!) wife was less than faithful. It's a funny concept, but the writers (the brothers and Mike Cerrone) do little with it and instead go for cheap laughs by having the trio constantly spewing street language. I like the idea of three behemoths kissing their racially-different Daddy on the cheek as he leaves for work but all the stuff about quantum physics (their biological father is a Mensa chapter leader) is ridiculous, as is most of the film.
Once again the Farrellys poke fun at everyone, so no one group should feel singled out, but it takes away from what might have been some truly inspired cinema. Jim Carrey struggling with a multiple personality disorder is indeed an obvious (if clever) pitch for a whacked-out comedy. Unfortunately, the bulk of "Me, Myself & Irene" is raunchy and crude and all rather obvious too.
-- David N. Butterworth<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Got beef? Visit "La Movie Boeuf" online at http://members.dca.net/dnb
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Created an Unofficial REST API using Python Flask that provides information on Valorant Esports match and news coverage.
First iteration of my personal website


First time:
My friend gave me an Ambien pill for free. It was white with AMB10 on one side and the number on the other side. it was maybe .7 centimeters long and looked like it wsa made of chalk. At this time I had only tripped off of dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) and diflouroethane, the propellant in that cheap computer duster stuff.
So, its about 9 PM and I drop this pill. I have researched quite a few substances, including zolpidem, but thought that I could handle myself if one of my parents showed up.
T+:30 I was feeling something that was reminiscent of my several dramamine trips. I had a floaty sort of feel, and things were moving around slightly. This movement was smooth, it had an organic sort of feel to it.
T+:45 Wacky! I was chatting on AIM when I noticed that the IM boxes were changing positions. They glided about on the screen. At this time I listened to a song that I used to be quite fond of: Bossman by Lucky Boys Confusion. This heavily influenced the trip. I became convinced that since I was choosing what music the computer was playing, I was a DJ at a party. Now, I didnít hallucinate that I was at a party, it was more like I was remembering the time when I was a DJ. The cheery sort of feeling that Bossman created was increasing, and I couldnít wipe the grin off my face.
T+1:15? I lost track of time but this was the approximate time that I noticed the IM boxes were completely changing position and zooming out of he monitor to fly around in front of my face. I decided that while this was interesting, playing my acoustic guitar would be even cooler. I went over to it, and noticed that there were not only the usual six strings, but an additional set of strings hovering over the normal set. I tried t touch the imaginary ste of strings and then realized that instead of one additional set of strings, there were about ten, each floating above the other ones.
T+1:30 The trip was pretty much over. It seemed to get steadily less intense after the guitar string incident. I saw strange shifts in objects for maybe an additional half hour
Second time - Entities:
My same friend gave me three pills for $6 dollars, quite a fair deal I think.  I decided not to eat anything for about four hours beforehand in order to get the Ambien into my system faster.
 I know it should have hit me already.
T+2:00 I know the pills were real, because they looked exactly like they did last time. I eat something and talk to my girlfriend online.
T+2:15 Well, it looks like eating something was a good idea. I think it may have got my stomach to start digesting the pill, which it hadnít done before because there was nothing substantial to digest. Thatís my theory anyway. So, the same trippy visuals of objects moving that I had last time. I feel warm all over, which I felt a little bit of last time. Itís not like a physical warmth, but more like being comforted by a group of close friends.
T+2:45 Iím remembering being a tree. The bathroom tiles are woodland creatures, and theyíre talking to me. This is much like remembering being a tree and remembering beign a DJ.. The tiles arent creatures, but they have the feeling that they are creatures. Te best way to put it into words is that they are alive, and they have the personalities that squirrels and woodchucks would have if they were sentient. Each one of them was talking to me, telling me that I was helping them by being there. Eventually I left.
This was a rather uneventful trip since the novelty of trying a new substance wasnít there. Discovering the entities in the bathroom tiles was the best part of the trip.
Third time - The Drip:
Having fully explored my house while under the effects of oral Ambien, I wanted to try something new. I noticed one of the remaining two pills was missing a chunk. I estimate that if the zolpidem was evenly distributed throughout the pill, there were 7 mg zolpidem remaining. I tried crushing it and this proved difficult. I finally resorted to crushing it between the bottoms of two nail polish bottles. The resulting powder was flaky and slightly off-white. I used an einstein bagels gift card with no money left on it to crush it up and form it into a fat-ish line. I think it was nearly 5 centimeters long, and in places .75 centimeters wide.
This was my first time snorting anything so I braced myself for the pain and snorted it through a rolled-up 1 dollar bill. I felt a stabbing pain in my right sinus. This felt peculiar alright, but within 30 seconds the pain had subsided. Ordinarily I wouldnt snort a pill due to fillers and binders, but these ambien pills were small enough that it seemed safe enough. I sat on the toilet seat, which was the smoothest surface I could find to snort it off of. I'd wiped it with a baby wipe beforehand so I figured it was clean enough.
T+:03 Hell yes, we have first alerts! I know them well enough.
T+:05 Objects were moving. Those crazy hexagonal bathroom tiles are shifting their vertical positions, this was quite a nice level and I would have been content to stay there. The drip tastes awful. I bet rotting flesh tastes better. Some orange juice does the trick.
T+:10 This seems like a peak. I was at a lower level than I had been at the peak of my oral trips.  They were mildly amusing.
T+:30 Iím down. That trip sucked. The dose, though insufflated, wasnít high enough.
Fourth time - I am a Superhero:
So. The last trip was not that great. I decided insufflation was indeed the way to go due to the quick onset. I think I was just feeling impatient, otherwise Iíd have eaten it. I have an entire pill left. I crush it with the nail polish bottles, take a deep breath, and take a line (about 3 cm x .5 cm each) up each nostril. Iíve decided to go outside, and knowing how helpless I am on Ambien, Iíve already told my mom and unlocked the various doors in my path. I had Goddamnit by Alkaline Trio in my walkman. Usually I listen to real punk but I was in the mood for Skibaís nifty vocals.
T+:05 Iím outside, the stars are beautiful for a change. Usually I cant see so many since Iím in the middle of the city. No effects yet.
T+:10 Thatís better.  The bricks that make up part of the ground in my backyard are rippling like water, and then stopping to shift their heights. This makes walking feel strange since they donít feel like theyíre at different positions vertically while they look like it. The stars are zippin around all over the place, leaving trails of sparkles in their wake. This is definitely shaping up to be stronger than any previous trips.
T+:15 This is amazing, there are little creatures cavorting around the yard. They look like little black shapes, theyíre featureless, and theyíre talking to me like the tiles did, but in a much more realistic way. The Alkaline is making this a rather dark trip in that I feel like Iím in a noir-ish movie, or a dark action flick like Underworld. Iím wearing a rather snazzy black trenchcoat and Iím running around and swirling it back and forth, so I get the idea that Iím some sort of hero. I suppose I associated the coat with a cape or something. The mice are adding to this idea by asking me for help. I donít remember precisely how I was helpng them, but I know it had to involve dashing around the yard in a rather animated fashion.
T+:45 The CD player is low on batteries so the anti-skip feature isnt working to well as I dash about. I go inside and take a hot bath, thinking that this will feel cool since Iím high as a kite still. Instead it seems to eliminate the effects and I think that Iím sober.
T+1:00 Out of the bath.  I get in bed and turn off the light and turn on the black light... and find myself to be hallucinating once again. Nothing major, just the full body scooby-doo suit hanging on the wall (long story) is moving its arms and legs, several masks on the walls seem to be floating around, and there is what appears to be a ferret head sticking out of the neck of a dress shirt on the wall. I later learned this was a bag that was behind the shirt.
In Conclusion...
What isnít Ambien? Ambien is not a strong hallucinogen, though it does have certain visual aspects. Ambien isnít an empathogen, while I felt warm and conforted by the world, I didnt feel a strong sense of love for other people. Ambien isnít a pleasure pill like an opiate, nor does it have the dream-like qualities of dramamine. It is a hypnotic, yet I have never felt unexplainably sleepy while under its effects. I have always tripped a night, so Iím tired, but Ambien doesnt make me nearly pass out like my father who used to have a legit script claimed. Ambien is safe, since the recommended dose makes me trip quite hard. Ambien is fun, Iíve yet to try it in a social situation, though I will next time I get my hands on some. It makes a boring night inside turn into an adventure. I feel almost like a child. My favorite part of an Ambien trip has to be the magic world that it puts you in.
Each Ambien existence is different. I find that I can switch worlds easily by simply listening to a song. The new world has the same feeling that the song has. The same entities are in each world, just inhabiting a different object of imagined creature. For example, one of the Ďmidnight miceí as I cleverly named them in my yard might have the same personality as one of the tile in my bathroom. This is hard to imagine, you really have to try ambien to understand it. There was also what I believed was a panther in my backyard. As I have long hair, it often falls in front of my eyes, and I always believed this was someone reaching for my face to get my attention.
Ambien has quite a positive feeling. So far Iíve only tried doses up to 10 mg. I intend to try doses higher than that. SO far Iíve found insufflation to be the most effective method. 10 mg orally lets me trip for an hour; 10 mg insufflated lets me trip twice as hard for 45 minutes or so, longer if you count slight visual shifts. Itís reasonably easy to get a hold of from what my pal says. All in all itís an amazing, unique drug.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


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--- layout: snippet title: "Divider" permalink: /examples/elements/divider-dotted/ sitemap: false ---


Student
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OJO STEPHEN
(Front End Developer)
2, Upright Foundation Street, Olosun, Itele Road, Ota, Ogun State
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Rose Anne Gallus
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| Path: | doc/README_FOR_APP |
| Last Update: | Tue Mar 25 17:47:09 -0400 2008 |
Jazz Toolbox is an online Jazz utility driven by a full object-relational and REST model of concepts in Jazz theory, establishing relationships between chords and scales, and much more. The web interface is a fully Ajaxified Web 2.0 interface towards exploring these relationships and answering questions about the jazz science. The REST interface exposes the underlying data model and relationships to other developers wishing to use Jazz Toolbox as a source for their own web applications.
The core of Jazz Toolbox is a full Ruby object model representing concepts of Jazz theory, distilled to their most basic concepts and architected in a very abstract manner. The system is data-centric and all "rules" (for example, the tones in a C7 chord) in theory are self-contained in the database.
All chord/scale/mode/etc. definitions are stored as a mathematical system (sequences of numbers) which are then used to perform calculations. For example, putting some chord in a different key is a matter of adding a semitone delta and doing modulo 12.
While there are currently many chord calculators in existance, to my knowledge this project is the first one that attempts to fully represent the entirety of Jazz theory as a mathmetical/computational system exposed through an elegant object model.
Currently Jazz Toolbox is only a Ruby object model but will eventually be coupled with a nice front-end at JazzToolbox.com. The object model is built using ActiveRecord (ORM for Rails) and makes extensive use of powerful features in ActiveRecord such as Module mixins on AssociationProxy. Dispite being backed by a database, almost the entire database is cached into memory for fast calculation and performance, as the data representation and calculations are somewhat more complex than what can be afforded using only SQL. A Data Mapper ORM implementation may be in the works, if I can figure out a substitute for ActiveRecord Association Extensions.
Also, the current database consists entirely of my own personal knowledge of Jazz theory. I haven‘t yet scoured through the Jazz theory literature to formalize and expand the current database of chords, scales, and chord-scales.
Chord['maj7'] Chord['Bbmaj7'] # <- With Key Context Chord['Abmaj7#11'] ...
Scale['Major'] Scale['Melodic Minor'] Scale['Diminished'] ...
Scale['Major'].modes['Dorian'] # By Mode Name Scale['Major'].modes[2] # By Mode Index # Or directly index the scale object (same as above): Scale['Major']['Dorian'] Scale['Major'][2]
Chord['maj'].notes # Defaults to C without specified key context # => ['C', 'E', 'G'] Chord['Ebmaj7'].notes # => ['Eb', 'G', 'Bb', 'D'] # Or specify key context with chained methods like this... Chord['maj7'].in_key_of('Eb').notes Chord['Bmaj7#11'].notes # => ['B', 'D#', 'F#', 'A#', 'E#'] # Note E# - Correct theoretic value for this chord, not F Chord['Falt'].notes Chord['F7b9#9'].notes # => ['F', 'A', 'Eb', 'Gb', 'G#', 'C#'] Chord['Gbmaj7'].notes # => ['Gb', 'Bb', 'Db', 'F'] # But... Chord['F#maj7'].notes # => ['F#', 'A#', 'C#', 'E#']
Scale['Major'].notes # Defaults to C without specified key context # => ['C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'A', 'B'] Scale['Eb Major'].notes # => ['Eb', 'F', 'G', 'Ab', 'Bb', 'C', 'D'] # Or specify key context with chained methods like this: Scale['Major'].in_key_of('Eb').notes Scale['Whole Tone'].notes # => ['C', 'D', 'E', 'F#', 'G#', 'Bb'] Scale['Bebop'].notes # => ['C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'A', 'Bb', 'B']
Scale['Major'].in_key_of('Eb').modes['Dorian'].notes # => ['F', 'G', 'Ab', 'Bb', 'C', 'D', 'Eb'] Scale['Melodic Minor']['Lydian Dominant'].notes # => ['F', 'G', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'Eb']
Chord['min7'].modes.names # .names == .map(&:name) # => ['Dorian'] Chord['min7'].modes[0].scale.name # => "Major" Chord['Amin7'].modes.names # => ['A Dorian']
Scale['Major']['Dorian'].chords.symbols # => ['min7', 'min6'] Scale['Major'][4].chords.symbols # => ['maj7#11']
Scale['Major'].chords.map {|c| c.name + ': ' + c.notes.join(', ')} * "\n" # => Major 7: C, E, G, B Major 6: C, E, G, A Dominant 6/9: C, E, G, Bb, D, A
These examples should show that with the power of Ruby and the elegant nature of this API, extracting Jazz data from the system is a breeze (even fun!).
The REST API provides a simple XML web service interface to the underlying Jazz object model. Most of the examples are very straightforward since the URLs are simple resources. XML and JSON outputs are supported.


Chapter 36
Foreign.StablePtr
module Foreign.StablePtr (
StablePtr, newStablePtr, deRefStablePtr, freeStablePtr,
castStablePtrToPtr, castPtrToStablePtr
) where
36.1 Stable references to Haskell values
-
-
A stable pointer is a reference to a Haskell expression that is guaranteed not to be affected by garbage
collection, i.e., it will neither be deallocated nor will the value of the stable pointer itself change during
garbage collection (ordinary references may be relocated during garbage collection). Consequently,
stable pointers can be passed to foreign code, which can treat it as an opaque reference to a Haskell
value.
A value of type StablePtr a is a stable pointer to a Haskell expression of type a.
-
| instance Eq (StablePtr a) |
| instance Storable (StablePtr a) |
-
-
| newStablePtr :: a -> IO (StablePtr a) |
-
Create a stable pointer referring to the given Haskell value.
-
| deRefStablePtr :: StablePtr a -> IO a |
-
Obtain the Haskell value referenced by a stable pointer, i.e., the same value that was passed to the
corresponding call to makeStablePtr. If the argument to deRefStablePtr has already been
freed using freeStablePtr, the behaviour of deRefStablePtr is undefined.
-
| freeStablePtr :: StablePtr a -> IO () |
-
Dissolve the association between the stable pointer and the Haskell value. Afterwards, if the stable
pointer is passed to deRefStablePtr or freeStablePtr, the behaviour is undefined. However,
the stable pointer may still be passed to castStablePtrToPtr, but the Foreign.Ptr.Ptr ()
value returned by castStablePtrToPtr, in this case, is undefined (in particular, it may be
Foreign.Ptr.nullPtr). Nevertheless, the call to castStablePtrToPtr is guaranteed not to
diverge.
-
| castStablePtrToPtr :: StablePtr a -> Ptr () |
-
Coerce a stable pointer to an address. No guarantees are made about the resulting value, except that
the original stable pointer can be recovered by castPtrToStablePtr. In particular, the address
may not refer to an accessible memory location and any attempt to pass it to the member functions of
the class Foreign.Storable.Storable leads to undefined behaviour.
-
| castPtrToStablePtr :: Ptr () -> StablePtr a |
-
The inverse of castStablePtrToPtr, i.e., we have the identity
sp == castPtrToStablePtr (castStablePtrToPtr sp)
for any stable pointer sp on which freeStablePtr has not been executed yet. Moreover,
castPtrToStablePtr may only be applied to pointers that have been produced by castStablePtrToPtr.
36.1.1 The C-side interface
The following definition is available to C programs inter-operating with Haskell code when including the header
HsFFI.h.
typedef void ⋆HsStablePtr;
Note that no assumptions may be made about the values representing stable pointers. In fact, they need not even be
valid memory addresses. The only guarantee provided is that if they are passed back to Haskell land, the
function deRefStablePtr will be able to reconstruct the Haskell value referred to by the stable
pointer.


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Deleting a contact group will not delete any members of the group. Deleting a contact cannot be undone.


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Prompt for Monday, February 5
Have a local web server running.
We are now using
Mike Bostock's d3 library
. Read
the documentation
to gain superpowers.


--- layout: page title: Statement main_image_path: image_caption: _options: main_image_path: width: 1200 height: 1200 resize_style: "contain" mime_type: "image/jpeg" ---
My work is thrown and burnished using many layers of a fine terra-sigillata slip with resist and inlay decoration.
I began working with sigillata to develop a rich surface with a combination of form and pattern that would be integral to the clay. Starting with line and dense burnishing, I experimented to obtain a feeling of depth, allowing the smoke process to play its essential and unpredictable part.
I am searching for development that comes from themes and variations; allowing the ideas to flow from one group of work to the next, adding and omitting to arrive at a natural relationship of surface to form.
The challenge lies in the relationship of form and pattern. Balance, rhythm and proportion are all important.
With the development of a tonal range in the use of terra-sigillata I have been able to introduce depth to the surface. It is the combination of the fundamental and the sophisticated that I find fascinating.
My vessel forms are represented in the collections of the Victoria and Albert and Fitzwilliam Museums and the Walker Art Gallery among many others in the UK as well as notable collections abroad.
The rich, intriguing surface effects do not, like glaze, separate the making and the firing. These are pots which work on the boundaries of primitivism yet are highly sophisticated, they please because they defy definition, they are pots on the edge, a satisfying and intriguing blend of technical skill and creative vision.
Emmanuel Cooper OBE Ceramicist, writer and critic.


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While it was only a little more than six months ago that Bitcoin price was trading in the low $3,000s, where it set its bear market bottom and multi-year low, already the crypto asset is trading at over three times the value it was such a short time ago. With such rapid growt...


---
title: 'Package releases for September 2013'
date: '2013-10-05 13:38:05'
layout: post
slug: package-releases-for-september-2013
categories:
- Releases
tags: { }
---
The foundational packages for Phergie 3 have firmed up and we expect to have an initial development release of a full-featured bot implementation in the coming months. Stay tuned for further developments.
phergie-irc-parser 1.3.0
Github, Packagist
- Updated nick parsing to conform to RFC 2812 (elazar)
- Fixed crash on encountering malformed CTCP messages (elazar)
phergie-irc-generator 1.2.0
Github, Packagist
- Added support for CTCP ACTION requests and responses (elazar)
phergie-irc-client-react 1.0.0
Github, Packagist
- Updated WriteStream to support CTCP ACTION requests and responses (stil)
- Expanded unit tests to achieve 100% coverage (elazar)
- Improved documentation (elazar)
- Refactored connection and event handling (elazar)
- Added support for one-time and recurring timed events (elazar)
- Improved connection error handling (elazar)
Other Highlights
- PHP 5.5 was added to all project Travis CI configurations
Acknowledgements
We love our contributors! Many thanks to those without whom these releases would not have been possible.
- stil has frequently submitted issue reports, pull requests, and inspiration for new features
- igorw has kept an eye on our use of React libraries and guided us towards optimal approaches
Roadmap


--- creation_epoch:<PHONE_NUMBER> lastmod_epoch:<PHONE_NUMBER> categories: ['Computer Problems'] title: Windows XP, External USB, Large File Copy --- So I was copying some large files (2GB+) from my computer to an external usb hard drive. The filesystem on the usb drive is NTFS. I ran into a problem where my computer was getting very slow.
It turns out my available memory was running all the way down to zero. This only happened while the large file copy was in progress. I was using xcopy to move a bunch of files over.
After searching for possible clues as to what would cause the issue I discovered that my Windows "System Cache" was growing to over 2GB. This cache is responsible for caching among other things files from the filesystem.
So I tried disabling anti-virus, write caching, and registry adjustments. That did not help.
I then found a tool that will let you temporarily reset the size of the system cache to a value you specify. You can't force a permanent maximum (except in Windows Server 2003 or later), but you can call it via a scheduled task if desired. It takes affect immediately and relieves the memory issue.
The tool is called CacheSet and can be obtained from Microsoft (SysInternals).
It isn't a perfect solution since you have to keep running it to keep the cache size down, but it is better than nothing at all.


"10 Things I Hate About You," a movie almost as warm and witty as its title suggests, is the latest attempt to dress up Shakespeare in hip garb. Taking its inspiration from "Taming of the Shrew," "10 Things" also throws in some slightly more contemporary ingredients - 1980s New Wave hits, 1990s sexual frankness, etc. - and whips them into a bland concoction that's a lot closer to sludge than it is to froth. The result seems to go on for weeks rather than hours; suffice it to say there are a lot more than 10 things wrong with this film.
There's also one thing very right about it, the casting of Julia Stiles as Kat Stratford, a high school student who drives around listening to Joan Jett's "Bad Reputation" and who is denounced by her classmates as a "bitter, self-righteous hag," even though she's quite lovely in the rare moments when she's smiling instead of snarling. Kat prefers reading Sylvia Plath and mailing out college applications to socializing with the gang at Padua High, much to the dismay of her younger, peppier and far more popular sister Bianca (Larisa Oleynik), who prowls the campus in sundresses she apparently has been sewn into.
That makes Bianca prime date-bait, but Dad (Larry Miller), an obstetrician who spends his days "up to my elbows in placenta" thanks to teen pregnancies, has forbidden Bianca to go out until Kat finds a guy, something that seems about as likely as Puff Daddy writing one of his own songs. It's up to Cameron (Joseph Gordon-Levitt), Bianca's would-be beau, to contrive a solution that will get Kat out of the house and put Bianca by his side.
The pleasingly acerbic Stiles, one of the few redeeming factors about the recent mini-series "The '60s," gives it her all, and if the script of "10 Things" had had one-tenth the zest of the now-classic "AtomicShakespeare" episode of the TV series "Moonlighting" (which also used "Shrew" as its springboard) she might have managed to make something of the vehicle. Unfortunately, as "10 Things" turns into another guy-makes-bet-about-girl story, it ends up covering much of the same territory as "She's All That," and with much less charm and wit.
The dialogue is resolutely flat - "where did you come from? The planet Loser?" Bianca asks Kat in one typical crack -and by the time screenwriters Karen McCullah Lutz and Kirsten Smith drop in the inevitable "you're sooo not who I thought you were" scene, the film is a lost cause.
It is worth mentioning, however, that Lutz and Smith are kind enough to put in some bits that the Bard forgot to write, such as a rollicking teen beer bash and a finale set at a prom that features not one, but two second-rate bands. So much for the evolution of art in the last 400-odd years.
James Sanford
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


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Why schools should use open source software
Apr 10, 2009
Originally published on BBC Open Lab.
Awareness of open source software amongst teachers, technical staff and students is certainly far greater now than even a few years ago, thanks to projects like Moodle, Firefox and Audacity leading their respective fields. For schools, the appeal of open source is that it’s free. But ‘free’ is about freedom at least as much as it’s about price: Liberté rather than gratuite as the French would have it. The free software movement have identified the four freedoms underpinning open source software, and these offer compelling reasons for educators to look seriously at this software.
0: The freedom to run the program, for any purpose
From the perspective of most schools, the big advantage of open source software is that no-one is demanding payment for licence fees, either outright or as annual subscription. That’s not to say that it’s without any costs, but training, support, maintenance and, for web-based applications, hosting, are costs which apply to all software, whether open source or proprietary. Back in 2005, a small scale study by Becta identified significant savings in the total cost of ownership for open source schools, not only for licences but also for hardware, training and support.
1: The freedom to study how the program works, and adapt it to your needs
Whist there are going to be relatively few teachers or students who will have the technical expertise or the inclination to read through the source code, the fact that the opportunity’s there might well be important for a few sixth form computing students, and perhaps the members of a programming club lower down the school. Being able to get to the source code potentially gives students a far better understanding of how software works and of how it gets written: something which my own Year 6 pupils got quite excited about. More importantly, access to the source code allows school techies to tailor the software to the specific needs of the school; it’s this adaptability of open source software which is its unique, er, selling point. For me, this is at the core of why open source software matters for schools.
2: The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbour
This is a real benefit for schools. Being able to give students CD-ROMs or memory sticks with copies of all the software used in schools is tremendously liberating – no longer does a teacher need to worry about home computers not having particular programs, having the wrong version, or having pirated copies. Whilst not a complete solution, this also goes a long way to addressing the digital divide. The link between children’s informal use of technology at home and formal use inside the school curriculum also becomes a closer, stronger one.
3. The freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements to the public, so that the whole community benefits.
Open source software is often developed though a community working together on a project, and it’s great when schools that are using open source start participating in that community. A lot of open source programs now have a modular structure, so it’s relatively easy for programmers to slot in additional functionality. Sharing these with the other users of a program provides just one way of working in partnership with a worldwide community; other ways of contributing to a project include helping with documentation, spotting or fixing bugs, helping with interface design or suggesting features.
As well as the many open source projects which school staff and students can get involved with, there’s now a Becta supported community of people interested in sharing experiences of or finding out about open source software at opensourceschools.org.uk. At the moment, we’re focussing on supporting users of existing open source programs, but we’re keen that, as our community grows, we’ll also be able to put teachers, students and developers in touch with one another, so they can work together on educationally focussed projects. Do come along and join in.
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Soft Skill Tip: Growth Mindset
Growth mindset, a term coined by psychologist Carol Dweck, refers to the belief that one’s intellectual ability can grow over time. This trait is especially crucial during times of change, such as when asking staff
to embrace new strategies or integrate new technology. The more you understand about growth mindset, the more you can use it to inform your professional development plans.
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The smoof R package provides generators for huge set of single- and multi-objective test functions, which are frequently used in the literature to benchmark optimization algorithms. Moreover the package provides methods to create arbitrary objective functions in an object-orientated manner, extract their parameters sets and visualize them graphically.
Given a set of criteria \(\mathcal{F} = \{f_1, \ldots, f_m\}\) with each \(f_i : S \subseteq \mathbf{R}^d \to \mathbf{R} , i = 1, \ldots, m\) being an objective-function, the goal in Global Optimization (GO) is to find the best solution \(\mathbf{x}^* \in S\). The set \(S\) is termed the set of feasible soluations. In the case of only a single objective function \(f\), - which we want to restrict ourself in this brief description - the goal is to minimize the objective, i. e., $$\min_{\mathbf{x}} f(\mathbf{x}).$$ Sometimes we may be interested in maximizing the objective function value, but since \(min(f(\mathbf{x})) = -\min(-f(\mathbf{x}))\), we do not have to tackle this separately. To compare the robustness of optimization algorithms and to investigate their behaviour in different contexts, a common approach in the literature is to use artificial benchmarking functions, which are mostly deterministic, easy to evaluate and given by a closed mathematical formula. A recent survey by Jamil and Yang lists 175 single-objective benchmarking functions in total for global optimization [1]. The smoof package offers implementations of a subset of these functions beside some other functions as well as generators for large benchmarking sets like the noiseless BBOB2009 function set [2] or functions based on the multiple peaks model 2 [3].
[1] Momin Jamil and Xin-She Yang, A literature survey of benchmark functions for global optimization problems, Int. Journal of Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Optimisation, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 150-194 (2013). [2] Hansen, N., Finck, S., Ros, R. and Auger, A. Real-Parameter Black-Box Optimization Benchmarking 2009: Noiseless Functions Definitions. Technical report RR-6829. INRIA, 2009. [3] Simon Wessing, The Multiple Peaks Model 2, Algorithm Engineering Report TR15-2-001, TU Dortmund University, 2015.


PyBankID QR Code Demo
Perform QR signing
Click here to start it by autoStartToken (BankID on same device)


To reorder rows in the table, just drag them and drop them to new position. Row Reordering plugin will adjust positions in the indexing columns. Note that plugin forces reordering by indexing column and this cannot be changed. if you want to use this pluign you will not be able to sort rows by other columns because positions of the rows in the table will be mixed.
| Rendering engine | Browser | Platform(s) | Engine version | CSS grade | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rendering engine | Browser | Platform(s) | Engine version | CSS grade | |
| 1 | Trident | Internet Explorer 4.0 | Win 95+ | 4 | X |
| 2 | Trident | Internet Explorer 5.0 | Win 95+ | 5 | C |
| 3 | Trident | Internet Explorer 5.5 | Win 95+ | 5.5 | A |
| 4 | Trident | Internet Explorer 6(read only cell) | Win 98+ | 6 | A |
| 5 | Trident | Internet Explorer 7 | Win XP SP2+(read only cell) | 7 | A |
| 6 | Trident | AOL browser (AOL desktop) | Win XP | 6 | A(read only cell) |
| 7 | Gecko (UTF-8: $¢€) | Firefox 1.0 | Win 98+ / OSX.2+ | 1.7 | A |
| 8 | Gecko | Firefox 1.5 | Win 98+ / OSX.2+ | 1.8 | A |
| 9 | Gecko | Firefox 2.0 | Win 98+ / OSX.2+ | 1.8 | A |
| 10 | Gecko | Firefox 3.0 | Win 2k+ / OSX.3+ | 1.9 | A |
| 11 | Gecko | Camino 1.0 | OSX.2+ | 1.8 | A |
| 12 | Gecko | Camino 1.5 | OSX.3+ | 1.8 | A |
| 13 | Gecko | Netscape 7.2 | Win 95+ / Mac OS 8.6-9.2 | 1.7 | A |
| 14 | Gecko | Netscape Browser 8 | Win 98SE+ | 1.7 | A |
| 15 | Gecko | Netscape Navigator 9 | Win 98+ / OSX.2+ | 1.8 | A |
| 16 | Gecko | Mozilla 1.0 | Win 95+ / OSX.1+ | 1 | A |
| 17 | Gecko | Mozilla 1.1 | Win 95+ / OSX.1+ | 1.1 | A |
| 18 | Gecko | Mozilla 1.2 | Win 95+ / OSX.1+ | 1.2 | A |
| 19 | Gecko | Mozilla 1.3 | Win 95+ / OSX.1+ | 1.3 | A |
| 20 | Gecko | Mozilla 1.4 | Win 95+ / OSX.1+ | 1.4 | A |
| 21 | Gecko | Mozilla 1.5 | Win 95+ / OSX.1+ | 1.5 | A |
| 22 | Gecko | Mozilla 1.6 | Win 95+ / OSX.1+ | 1.6 | A |
| 23 | Gecko | Mozilla 1.7 | Win 98+ / OSX.1+ | 1.7 | A |
| 24 | Gecko | Mozilla 1.8 | Win 98+ / OSX.1+ | 1.8 | A |
| 25 | Gecko | Seamonkey 1.1 | Win 98+ / OSX.2+ | 1.8 | A |
| 26 | Gecko | Epiphany 2.20 | Gnome | 1.8 | A |
| 27 | Webkit | Safari 1.2 | OSX.3 | 125.5 | A |
| 28 | Webkit | Safari 1.3 | OSX.3 | 312.8 | A |
| 29 | Webkit | Safari 2.0 | OSX.4+ | 419.3 | A |
| 30 | Webkit | Safari 3.0 | OSX.4+ | 522.1 | A |
| 31 | Webkit | OmniWeb 5.5 | OSX.4+ | 420 | A |
| 32 | Webkit | iPod Touch / iPhone | iPod | 420.1 | A |
| 33 | Webkit | S60 | S60 | 413 | A |
| 34 | Presto | Opera 7.0 | Win 95+ / OSX.1+ | - | A |
| 35 | Presto | Opera 7.5 | Win 95+ / OSX.2+ | - | A |
| 36 | Presto | Opera 8.0 | Win 95+ / OSX.2+ | - | A |
| 37 | Presto | Opera 8.5 | Win 95+ / OSX.2+ | - | A |
| 38 | Presto | Opera 9.0 | Win 95+ / OSX.3+ | - | A |
| 39 | Presto | Opera 9.2 | Win 88+ / OSX.3+ | - | A |
| 40 | Presto | Opera 9.5 | Win 88+ / OSX.3+ | - | A |
| 41 | Presto | Opera for Wii | Wii | - | A |
| 42 | Presto | Nokia N800 | N800 | - | A |
| 43 | Presto | Nintendo DS browser | Nintendo DS | 8.5 | C/A1 |
| 44 | KHTML | Konqureror 3.1 | KDE 3.1 | 3.1 | C |
| 45 | KHTML | Konqureror 3.3 | KDE 3.3 | 3.3 | A |
| 46 | KHTML | Konqureror 3.5 | KDE 3.5 | 3.5 | A |
| 47 | Tasman | Internet Explorer 4.5 | Mac OS 8-9 | - | X |
| 48 | Tasman | Internet Explorer 5.1 | Mac OS 7.6-9 | 1 | C |
| 49 | Tasman | Internet Explorer 5.2 | Mac OS 8-X | 1 | C |
| 50 | Misc | NetFront 3.1 | Embedded devices | - | C |
| 51 | Misc | NetFront 3.4 | Embedded devices | - | A |
| 52 | Misc | Dillo 0.8 | Embedded devices | - | X |
| 53 | Misc | Links | Text only | - | X |
| 54 | Misc | Lynx | Text only | - | X |
| 55 | Misc | IE Mobile | Windows Mobile 6 | - | C |
| 56 | Misc | PSP browser | PSP | - | C |
| 57 | Other browsers | All others | - | - | U |