Wistful, cheery and eccentric are three words that come to mind while watching director Nigel Cole's "Saving Grace." This is the latest in the "eccentric villagers" comedy staple, set forth by "The Full Monty" and culminating in the endearing if uneven "Waking Ned Devine." The difference in "Saving Grace" is that the villagers are even more wistful, cheery and eccentric thanks to a particular type of plant.
Grace (Brenda Blethyn) is one of those villagers, living in the overcast, affable fishing village of St. Issacs in Cornwall. Grace is a recent widow who gets a lot of emotional support from her fellow neighbors. The problem is that she is liable to lose her home and all her possessions, including a rented lawnmower, thanks to her husband's financially risky ventures and ploys. What can Grace do? She has no money and no job skills, but she is fairly adept at maintaining her garden.
This springs an idea in her charming gardener, Matthew (Craig Ferguson, who co-wrote the film), who is something of a marijuana specialist. He grows his own pot plants at the vicarage, and decides to start a joint business venture with Grace by growing several plants in her greenhouse. This leads to the film's funniest surprise where the greenhouse is lit with dozens of bright lamps each night, leaving an ethereal glow in the sky that keeps the villagers entertained in anticipation. One of them mistakenly sees it as a sign from God.
Still, since marijuana is illegal, how does one escape notice from the local police chief? And what about the agency that is ready to buy out her precious house? And what about the shady drug dealers in London who are skeptical of Grace's economical enterprise, including the dangerous yet suave Jacques (Tcheky Karyo, memorable as the icy agent in "La Femme Nikita")?
"Saving Grace" is mostly a one-joke comedy, and the ending is false and unnecessary. Still, there are enough bright moments, a generous dose of laughs, and some perfectly-timed one-liners to compensate for what is essentially a wittier take on Cheech and Chong. It is also a pleasure to see Brenda Blethyn more restrained than usual (considering her over-the-top turn in "Little Voice"), and always an undeniable pleasure to see Phyllidia Law (Emma Thompson's mother) as a giddy shopkeeper. The characters are all as wistful, cheery and eccentric as you can imagine, but they do deliver a smile on your face after it is all over. I suspect for most viewers who loved "Waking Ned Devine," a smile may be enough.
For more reviews, check out JERRY AT THE MOVIES at http://buffs.moviething.com/buffs/faust/
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Recreating more or less my original layout, but with dynamically loaded content. I guess that could work!


In the last few chapters we've seen how you can store values in variables and group them into collections of lists and dictionaries. As your scripts grow more complicated you'll find yourself working with a shared set of these datastructures that you access repeatedly.
When just starting out, it's natural to include your data right in the script (for instance by building a list of words or a dictionary mapping names to coordinates). But after these intialization blocks grow beyond a certain size, your script can get a little ungainly.
Once your data has taken on a life of its own, it makes sense to "serialize" it (i.e., "write it out") to a file. You can think of the file as holding the freeze-dried version of a variable. PlotDevice gives you an easy way to "rehydrate" files using the read() command. In addition to reading Unicode text, read() can also unpack structured data from a pair of useful formats:
When you call read() with a file path as its first arg, it will use the file exension to recognize .json
or .csv
files and give you options for how they are unpacked into variables.
json
for DatastructuresOver the last decade or so, the JSON format has become something of a lingua-franca for exchanging structured data between systems. Its popularity owes a lot to how naturally its syntax and semantics map onto the native collection classes of the so-called "dynamic" languages.
In fact, the representations of most values look identical to those used in Python literals. This makes json a great choice for moving custom data out of your scripts and into a file. For instance, here's a list of numbers in json:
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Looks just like a Python list, right? Now here's a dictionary (note that it's a little different):
{"address":"123 Elm St.", "apt":null, "garage":false}
The structure of the dictionary itself looks just like Python's {"key":val}
syntax, but you'll notice the values are "spelled" a little differently. First, Python's None
value should be written as null
inside the json file. Second, true
& false
aren't capitalized. When you read() from the file, these will be translated back to their Python equivalents automatically. Also keep in mind that strings in json always use double-quotes.
Things start to get interesting when you combine nested containers to represent more-complex "records". For instance, if we were writing a nostalgic computer game, we might deal with data whose json representation looked like:
{ "player":{ "room":"Flood Control Dam #3", "score":53, "inventory":["lamp", "leaflet", "sword"] }, "thief":{ "room":"West of House", "score":null, "inventory":["egg"] }, "moves":153 }
If we save this text into a file called zork.json
, we can access it in PlotDevice by reading it into a variable. All of the "fields" in the data can then be accessed using normal dictionary syntax:
game = read("zork.json") print("Game saved after %i moves" % game["moves"]) print("(%i points so far)" % game["player"]["score"]) if "lamp" in game["player"]["inventory"]: print("Player has not yet been eaten by a grue...") >>> Game saved after 153 moves >>> (53 points so far) >>> Player has not yet been eaten by a grue...
When you read() from a json file, you can also supply an optional keyword argument: dict
. This lets you use one of the "specialized" dictionaries like adict or odict if that's more convenient. For instance, we can use an "Attribute Dictionary" to cut down on some of the punctuation noise in the previous example:
game = read("zork.json", dict=adict) print("Game saved after %i moves" % game.moves) print("(%i points so far)" % game.player.score) if "lamp" in game.player.inventory: print("Player has not yet been eaten by a grue...")
An "Ordered Dictionary" is an appropriate choice if the preserving the file's key ordering is important to you:
print("normal:", list(read("zork.json").keys())) print("ordered:", list(read("zork.json", dict=odict).keys())) >>> normal: [u'player', u'moves', u'thief'] >>> ordered: [u'player', u'thief', u'moves']
Behind the scenes, the read() command is using the json
module from the standard library. Take a look at the official docs to learn about generating json as well as parsing it.
csv
for Tabular DataWhile json is great for the kinds of structured-data you generate through code, data that comes from the "real world" often started its life in a spreadsheet or SQL table. Rather than having a variable structure, these formats are rigidly row & column-oriented. Comma-separated Value files represnt these "tabular" structures in a simple text format. Each line of text corresponds to a row, and columns are separated by ","
characters.
In a somewhat contrived example, imagine we have a file called timestable.csv
with the following set of rows and columns:
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70 0, 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56, 64, 72, 80 0, 9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72, 81, 90 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100
When we load this file using read(), it returns a list with one element for each of the rows. Each row is itself a list containing the column values as its elements. You can then use list-index notation to read from particular a particular cell or even pull out a "slice" of values within a row:
mult = read('timestable.csv') print("%i rows and %i columns" % (len(mult), len(mult[0]))) print("6 times 8 is", mult[6][8]) print("multiples of 9:", mult[9][2:10]) >>> 11 rows and 11 columns >>> 6 times 8 is 48 >>> multiples of 9: [u'18', u'27', u'36', u'45', u'54', u'63', u'72', u'81']
Note that the parser doesn't do any interpretation of the contents of the cells. Every value is read in as a unicode string (whether it's number-like or not) and it's up to you to call int() or float() to perform the conversion.
Often, each row represents a distinct "object" and the columns correspond to "attributes". For instance, here's a csv-formatted table of data relating to the months of the year. Each row represents a single month and has attributes for the number of days, and the name in a few different languages. We'll save the following into a file called months.csv
:
days, english, french, german 31, January, Janvier, Januar 28, February, Février, Februar 31, March, Mars, März 30, April, Avril, April 31, May, Mai, Mai 30, June, Juin, Juni 31, July, Juillet, Juli 31, August, Août, August 30, September, Septembre, September 31, October, Octobre, Oktober 30, November, Novembre, November 31, December, Décembre, Dezember
A common convention in csv files is to treat the first row of the document as a "header" row. Rather than containing data, its values label what each column represents. If you set your file up in this manner, the read() command makes it easy to unpack each row into a dictionary with keys set to the names in the header row. All you need to do is set the cols
arg to True
:
year = read("months.csv", cols=True) dec = year[-1] print("%i months in a year" % len(year)) print("The month of", dec['english']) print("lasts for %i hours" % (24 * int(dec['days']))) >>> 12 months in a year >>> The month of December >>> lasts for 744 hours
Just as with json files, you can tell read() to use a particular kind of dictionary if you don't want the standard one. An adict will let you access the columns with dot-notation:
year = read("months.csv", cols=True, dict=adict) print(year[9].german) >>> Oktober
An odict will let you address columns by order as well as by name:
year = read("months.csv", cols=True, dict=odict) june = year[5] print("column order:", list(june.keys())) print("column values:", list(june.values())) >>> column order: [u'days', u'english', u'french', u'german'] >>> column values: [u'30', u'June', u'Juin', u'Juni']


About Me
My career path started with a passion for counseling at-risk youth. I graduated with a B.S. in Psychology from Tennessee State University and received my Master's of Non-Profit Management from Lipscomb University. Aside from working with youth, I have always had an interest in web design/development and technology. After a chance encounter with a mobile app developer during my graduate school studies, I began my search of understanding web and app development. Fast Forward 5 years and I officially made the jump from In- School Suspension Teacher to a proud graduate of CodeCrew's CodeS School Bootcamp. During my time in the bootcamp, I realized a new passion, using technology to creatively solve our everyday problems. I am still evolving as a developer and looking for new ways to expand my skillset! Grow with me on my journey here !


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Class encapsulating a specific fax job
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Adds a file to the current fax. Requires the file to be uploaded as POST paramter named 'file' as a standard HTTP upload. This could be either Content-type: multipart/form-data with file content as base64-encoded data or as Content-type: application/octet-stream with just the binary data. See http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1867.html for documentation on file uploads. Arguments: filename -- Name of the file. You can also use the same file name for each file (i.e "fax.pdf") Keyword arguments: origin -- Optional file origin (ex: photo, scan,... - maximum length is 20 characters). |
Add a file identified by an online storage identifier. You'll have to use the OnlineStorageApi to identify a user for an online storage provider first and then get listings of his files. These will contain the file identifiers used by this method. Arguments: provider -- Identifies the provider used (see OnlineStorageApi) uuid -- Identifies the file to be added (see OnlineStorageApi) |
Adds recipients to the current fax. The given recipients will be added to current recipients. |
Add a remote file to the fax. url may contain username:password for basic http auth, but this is the only supported authentication method. URL Examples: http://myusername:andpassord |
Cancels fax sending for a fax recipient or a whole fax job. If siblings_too is true will cancel all faxes in the job the fax with uuid belongs to. |
Clones an already sent fax in the API backend and returns it. Arguments: uuid -- The uuid of the source fax Keyword arguments: user_ip -- The IP address of the client (if available). Put your own IP address otherwise. user_agent -- User agent string of the client device. If not available, put something descriptive (like "iPhone OS 2.2") |
Creates a new fax in the API backend and returns it. If a fax job is currently in edit mode in this session, this fax job is returned instead. Note: This is not an error. It provides you with the possibility to continue with the fax. Keyword arguments: user_ip -- The IP address of the client (if available). Put your own IP address otherwise. user_agent -- User agent string of the client device. If not available, put something descriptive (like "iPhone OS 2.2") origin -- From where was this fax started? i.e. "printer", "desktop", "home", ... For reporting and analysis purposes. |
Returns a list of all coverpages the user may use. Result includes the "no cover" if the fax job already contains a file as in that case there's no need to add a cover. |
Returns the recipients for the current fax. Keyword arguments: current_page -- The page which should be shown items_per_page -- How many items are shown per page |
Start the fax sending. Only successful if all necessary data is set to the fax: at least 1 recipient and a cover page or a file uploaded. Will only work if user has enough credit to pay for the fax. You may pass in a datetime when the fax shall be sent. This must be a string formatted in the users chosen culture (so exactly as you would show it to him) and may not be in the past nor be greater than 'now + 14days'. |
Send a previously delayed fax now. Use this method if you want to send a fax right now that was initially delayed (by giving a send_at value into Send). |
Put the fax in the unpaid faxes queue. Only possible if user has NOT enough credit to send this fax directly. You may pass in a datetime when the fax shall be sent. This must be a string formatted in the users chosen culture (so exactly as you would show it to him) and may not be in the past nor be greater than 'now + 14days'. |
Send unpaid faxes Will work until credit reaches zero. Will return two lists: SentFaxes and UnpaidFaxes that contain the faxes that could or not be sent. |
Sets the notification options for the current fax. Notification options that are not in the array will not be changed/resetted. Note: defaults for notification settings will be taken from users account, so potentially not need to call this on every fax. Keyword arguments: save_defaults -- Save Notification-Settings to user's Profile |
Creates recipients for the current fax. All recipients are replaced with the given ones! |
Starts creating the preview for this fax. Call after fax is ready (GetFaxState returns FAX_READY_TO_SEND) |
| Home | Trees | Indices | Help |
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| Generated by Epydoc 3.0.1 on Wed Sep 21 21:30:31 2011 | http://epydoc.sourceforge.net |


The <DuxPanel>
component implements a visual panel in the web page with a border and optional
title bar. There are many options controlling behavior, appearance, and how the user is allowed to interact
with the panel. Following is a short example showing <DuxPanel>
at its simplest.


Decision tree examples¶
The functions in this module returns the data node structures for several examples in the literature.
- smart_choice.examples.oil_tree_example()[source]¶
PrecisionTree Oil Example.
This function returns the data nodes structure for the oil example in discuted in the PrecisionTree user guide.
- smart_choice.examples.stbook()[source]¶
Bid example from “Decision Analysis for the professional.
Bidding tree with four possible options:
Bid $ 300.
Bid $ 500.
Bid $ 700.
No bid.
- smart_choice.examples.stbook_dependent_outcomes()[source]¶
Dependent outcomes example.
This function returns the data nodes for the tree in the Fig. 4.5 (pag. 81) of the book “Decision Analysis for the Professional”.
- smart_choice.examples.stguide()[source]¶
Supertree userguide bid example (2 branches).
This function returns the data nodes for a bid problem with two possible decisiions:
Bid $ 500.
Bid $ 700.
This example is used in the documentation available in the web site of the software.


A basic menu that accepts a set of items. The ITEM_EVENT
instead of returning the DOM node returns a reference to the menu item.
NOTE: This class has been deprecated. Please use goog.ui.Menu,
goog.ui.PopupMenu, and if you need submenus goog.ui.SubMenu.
Class that extends AttachableMenu and creates a simple menu, purely from
code.The ITEM_EVENT instead of returning the DOM node returns a reference the
menu item.


--- layout: page title: Contact Us description: background: "/assets/images/bg-contact.jpg" form: true ---
Want to get in touch? Fill out the form below to send us a message and we will get back to you as soon as possible!


Overview
This document contains a high-level technical overview of the P2P VPS suit of software. The full suit consists of a set of server, client, and server deployment software.
The client software has two targets: Raspberry Pi minicomputers and VirtualBox VMs running Ubuntu Linux. The client software can be adapted to operate on any device that is capable of running Docker. The focus of the client software is to:
- Create a basic Linux environment with a command line interface (CLI).
- Establish a reverse SSH connection with the server, to provide the CLI to the renter.
- Establish a LocalTunnel connection to the server so the device can serve webpages, web apps, and distributed apps (dapps), accessible from the general internet.
The server software is composed of a Vue.js-based front end and a back end API running Node.js, MongoDB. The user interface (UI) gives Device Owners a dashboard for managing the devices they rent out on the marketplace. It also gives prospective Renters an easy way to filter VPSs by benchmarks, in order to find the best price for their desired use. It's primary functions are:
- Register incoming connections from client devices.
- Negotiate the ports used in the reverse-SSH connection.
- Create listing on the OpenBazaar network to allow Client devices to be rented.
- Establish connection with other servers.
The server deployment software is a collection of Dockerized packages, all orchestrated with Docker Compose. This software is targeted for cloud VPS hosts like Digital Ocean, Vultr, AWS EC2, etc running Ubuntu Linux. The major components consist of:
- Koa API Server.
- A MongoDB instance for managing data.
- An OpenBazaar instance for conducting rental transactions.
- A Listing Manager that maintains the OpenBazaar store inventory and fulfills transactions.
- An SSH server for managing reverse SSH tunnel connections.
- A LocalTunnel server for managing the networking of HTTP (port 80) and HTTPS (port 443) connections.
Table of Contents #
Definitions #
- Client or Device includes IoT devices, servers, and anything in between. This term encompasses any device capable of running Docker and executing the client software
- Server is an internet connected computer, with a domain name, capable of running the Server Deployment Repository software.
- Device Owners are the owners of the Client devices.
- Renters are users who rent the Client device from the Device Owners.
A simple diagram of a P2P VPS Network:
Client-Overview #
The purpose of the client side software is to create a virtual private server (VPS) environment similar to those hosted by cloud companies like Digital Ocean or AWS EC2. This is achieved on an IoT device by running a Linux shell inside a Docker container. Small, inexpensive, distributed hardware like Raspberry Pi minicomputers now posses the computational power to host such an environment. So can Virtual Machines created by VirtualBox.
This system has the following features:
By running the environment in a virtual system like Docker, the device can be easily reset to a known state when the renter is done using it.
By using reverse SSH to connect to a central server, the renters can be provided with a command line interface to the device while by-passing network firewalls. However, this creates network risks that device owners need to be aware of.
Renting out the computing power of the hardware allows hardware owners to profit from their hardware and internet connection, while promoting a decentralized internet.
Creating distributed, semi-anonymouse VPS micro-servers, hosted in peoples homes, has empowering legal ramifications and moves the internet towards a more reliable, distributed, and censorless architecture.
The client software is composed of the following high-level features. Each feature needs a manager, so if you are interested in contributing, please let us know:
- Governor
- Docker container with SSH
- Persistent Storage
- Encryption
- Deployment Packages (pre-configured scripts for setting up apps like webservers, file sharing, etc.)
See more details in the Client section.
Server-Overview #
The primary purpose of the server software is to orchestrate the network of devices and facilitate financial transactions via OpenBazaar. Its secondary purpose is to connect with other servers, in order to establish a peer-to-peer (P2P) marketplace, with no central point of failure. These goals are achieved by splitting the server into two software stacks: The front end and the back end.
The front end of the server has to do will all the activity that takes place in a web browser. It's primarily concerned with the Vue.js application that allows renters and owners to manage devices. It is composed of the following high-level features:
- Rental Search - searching and filtering rental devices.
- Device Management Dashboard - allowing device owners to manage their devices on the network.
The back end of the server is primarily concerned with the database and REST APIs used to coordinate the different pieces of software in the P2P VPS suite. It is composed of the following high level features:
- Database
- REST API
- OpenBazaar Transactions
- Port Control
Server-Deployment-Overview #
The Server Deployment repository is primarily concerned with helping people start up their own P2P VPS marketplace by easily deploying the software onto a Linux cloud server. This is accomplished by modularizing the major pieces of software into Docker containers and then orchestrating their communication with Docker Compose. It is made up of the following high level features:
- MongoDB
- OpenBazaar
- Listing Manager
- SSH Server
- LocalTunnel
- Nginx Configuration
High-Level-Workflow #
The sections below give additional details on how the system-as-a-whole works. Lower level specifications will be captured in the respective specification document for Client, Server, and Server Deployment.
Network Orchestration
A client device registers with a server by making a REST API call and passing a server-generated key (GUID). Upon receiving a valid registration call, the server opens new ports, generates login details, and returns this information to the client. The client then launches a Docker container with a minimal Linux environment. The container makes a reverse SSH connection to forward its local SSH port to the server's new port, tunneling through any firewalls, and creating a command line interface accessible to the renter.
The Server operates a minimal SSH server and LocalTunnel server, both running inside their own Docker container. This SSH shell allows connection to the client device via SSH. The LocalTunnel server also forwards port 80 (http) and port 443 (https) from the client device. A subdomain is created on the server allowing access to these three ports. This allows renters to connect to the command line on the client device and also serve web pages and web apps from a human-readable URL.
Financial Transactions
Transactions between Owners and Renters will take place over the OpenBazaar (OB) and Bitcoin Cash (BCH) network. This requires that the buyer and seller each have a local installation of OpenBazaar capable of sending a receiving Bitcoin Cash. Cryptocurrencies have the advantage of allowing server owners to create semi-anonymous markets. It also allows P2P VPS servers to manage payments between Owners and Renters in a clear and transparent manner.
Rental of devices will be billed by the hour, day, week, or month. When a device is registered, its hardware (memory, CPU, hard-drive space) will be automatically verified by the client software. Owners can then place the device for rent on the P2P VPS marketplace, or simply reserve it for personal use (self renting). The device owner can set the hourly rate they are willing to rent the device for on the open marketplace.
A renter agrees to the rental contract by purchasing the contract on the OpenBazaar network for a fixed length of time. The listing for the device is then removed from the P2P VPS OpenBazaar store. A random username and password generated for the device is sent to the renter along with the receipt for the transaction, inside the OB client.
As long as the device is connected to the internet, the device will be dedicated for the renters use. Once the length of the contract expires, the client device is reset and placed back on the marketplace.
In the future, it will be possible to generate a renew contract and extend the same rental session currently under use. Payments will be distributed at the end of each rental period (hour, day, week, month). If the client device goes offline and can not fulfill the terms of the contract, the contract is pro-rated and refund is automatically sent back to the renter. An uptime metric for each device updated at the end of each contract.
Server owners are able to set a percentage of each transaction they will receive in exchange for hosting a network node. Device owners can easily configure the client to connect to any server. In the future, a blockchain based reputation system will be used to allow servers and device owners to rate one another.
Federated Servers
Server software will be able to establish connections with other servers at the desire of the server administrator. This API will allow P2P VPS servers to link to one another. The link will appear on their website. A link to the servers OpenBazaar store will also appear on their OpenBazaar store page. By creating a federation of marketplaces, the overall network has no single point of failure. If a server goes down, Device Owners can simply move their devices to other servers.


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http://www.bizrate.com/cordless-phones/260222599.html


--- title: Trailblazers keywords: high school, youth, on-site, camp description: High school youth form a community that explores the Bible while enjoying activities like the ropes course and swimming --- {% block MainText %} {{ macros.render_camp_info() }} {% filter markdown %} This program is designed for new and returning campers who are ready to take their camp experience to the next level. Trailblazers will enjoy dynamic programming full of new experiences such as low ropes, high ropes, night swims, a day at the beach and other special activities. {%endfilter%}
*No additional discounts apply to week 1.
{% include "socialShare.j2" %}


Sensor Tower: Roblox has generated $1 billion on mobile since 2016
by Mike MinottiRoblox has made $1 billion on mobile since it launched for Android and iOS in early 2016, according to market analyst Sensor Tower.
The kid-friendly multiplayer platform game has had 290 million downloads on mobile. About $677 million of its revenue, or 67%, has come from the U.S., while Great Britain is No. 2 with $89 million, or 9%.
The Google Play store has been the source of most of the downloads, about 75% of them. Apple devices are making most of the revenue, however, accounting for 76% of it.
Most impressively, Roblox on mobile keeps growing.
In 2016, the game earned $45.7 million. 2018 saw revenues reach $335 million, and Roblox has made $435 million in 2019 so far.
The PC version of Roblox launched all the way back in 2005. An Xbox One version launched in 2015, and that’s the only console Roblox is available on.


ansible.plugins.shell package¶
-
class
ansible.plugins.shell.
ShellBase
[source]¶ Bases:
object
-
set_user_facl
(path, user, mode, recursive=True)[source]¶ Only sets acls for users as that’s really all we need
-
expand_user
(user_home_path)[source]¶ Return a command to expand tildes in a path.
It can be either “~” or “~username”. We use the POSIX definition of a username:
http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/000095399/basedefs/xbd_chap03.html#tag_03_426 http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/000095399/basedefs/xbd_chap03.html#tag_03_276
-
Submodules¶
ansible.plugins.shell.csh module¶
ansible.plugins.shell.fish module¶
-
class
ansible.plugins.shell.fish.
ShellModule
[source]¶ Bases:
ansible.plugins.shell.sh.ShellModule
-
COMPATIBLE_SHELLS
= frozenset(['fish'])¶
-
SHELL_FAMILY
= 'fish'¶
-


1 reference to RunAsCredential
System.Management.Automation (1)
DscSupport\CimDSCParser.cs (1)
2697
runAsBehavior = dscResourceAttribute.
RunAsCredential
;


February notes
05 Mar 2019Notes for February 2019.
Minorities in network
I attended a talk about minorities in network, by Claudia Wagner at the Complex network seminar of Sorbonnes University. There was a lot of content, here are a few things I noted.
-
Contrary to what I thought, a $k$-core is not another name for a $k$-clique. A $k$-core of a graph is a maximal connected subgraph where all the nodes have degree at least $k$. It can have much more nodes than just $k$ (a $k$-regular graph is its own $k$-core). Such subgraphs can be considered as coherent communities in social networks.
-
A part of the talk was about minorities in wikipedia. One would like to consider statements such as “women are more linked to other women than to men”. This is not true in general because there are more men pages, thus links have more chance to point to men, but could still be true, proportionally. But it’s a bit too rough to just look at proportions because the graph may be complicated and there might be many correlations going on. One way to deal with this is following: consider the graph of wikipedia bibliographies, note the global gender proportions, then erase the gender of the nodes, and reassign them at random, keeping the right proportions. Now you can compare the neighbourhoods in this new graph and in the original graph, and try to understand what’s going on. One paper on the topic is the following: It’s a Man’s Wikipedia? Assessing Gender Inequality in an Online Encyclopedia
-
A notion known as Burt efficiency, or brokerage, or structural hole, is more or less the following. A node that belongs to (or is close to) two clusters in a network, can have an advantage over the other nodes, because it can enjoy the information gathered by both communities, and can choose to transfer or not such information. One can define coefficients to measure if a node is or not in such a position.
Multi-stage optimization
For dynamic algorithms, one is usually concerned with having a good solution at any time, but these solutions do not need to be related. Multi-stage optimization, introduced in this paper, considers the cases where one should not change the solution too much between the two steps. In other words, in this framework one maximizes the quality of the solution, while minimizing the churn.
[I stumble on the notion in this preprint.]
1-2-3 Conjecture
Another edition of the Complex Network seminar by Mohammed Senhaji (that I couldn’t attend) was about the 1-2-3 conjecture, which is the following.
In any graph, one can label the edges with label 1, 2, or 3, such that, when each node computes the sum of the labels of its adjacent labels, not two neighbours have the same sum.
A survey about the conjecture is here.
Lovász’s new book
László Lovász wrote a new book: Graphs and geometry.
Vandermonde identity
Vandermonde’s identity is the following:
I thought it was only a bachelor exercise, until it naturally popped up in the calculation in a recent paper.


With this form you can update cliente with all the properties of the entity. After create this form, if you edit the entities, this changes won't have effect on this form.


Class: 'physical mass'
http://purl.org/biotop/btl2.owl#PhysicalMass
Annotations (2)
definition
"Mass (gravity independent) - not weight. Measured in g, kg, ..."
()
label
"physical mass"
()
Superclasses (2)
'object quality'
'inheres in'
only
'material object'
Disjoints (5)
'physical force'
,
'physical length'
,
'physical volume'
,
'taxon quality'
,
canonicity
Usage (4)
Class
:
'physical mass'
'immaterial object'
⊆
not
(
'is bearer of'
some
'physical mass'
)
'information object'
⊆
not
(
'is bearer of'
some
'physical mass'
)
'entity at some time'
and
'material object'
⊆
'is bearer of'
some
'physical mass'


$def with (context) $var title: $context.title
Observation: $context.last_observation
Registered on $context.last_date


kubeflow.fairing.builders package¶
Subpackages¶
Submodules¶
kubeflow.fairing.builders.base_builder module¶
-
class
kubeflow.fairing.builders.base_builder.
BaseBuilder
(registry=None, image_name=None, base_image='gcr.io/kubeflow-images-public/fairing:dev', push=True, preprocessor=None, dockerfile_path=None)¶ Bases:
kubeflow.fairing.builders.builder.BuilderInterface
A builder using the local Docker client
-
build
()¶ Runs the build
-
full_image_name
(tag)¶ Retrun the full image name
- Parameters
tag – the new tag for the image
-
generate_pod_spec
()¶ This method should return a V1PodSpec with the correct image set. This is also where the builder should set the environment variables and volume/volumeMounts that it may need to work
-
kubeflow.fairing.builders.builder module¶
-
class
kubeflow.fairing.builders.builder.
BuilderInterface
¶ Bases:
object
-
abstract
build
()¶ Will be called when the build needs to start
-
abstract
generate_pod_spec
()¶ This method should return a V1PodSpec with the correct image set. This is also where the builder should set the environment variables and volume/volumeMounts that it may need to work
-
abstract
kubeflow.fairing.builders.dockerfile module¶
-
kubeflow.fairing.builders.dockerfile.
write_dockerfile
(docker_command=None, destination=None, path_prefix='/app/', base_image=None, install_reqs_before_copy=False)¶ Generate dockerfile accoding to the parameters
- Parameters
docker_command – string, CMD of the dockerfile (Default value = None)
destination – string, destination folder for this dockerfile (Default value = None)
path_prefix – string, WORKDIR (Default value = constants.DEFAULT_DEST_PREFIX)
base_image – string, base image, example: gcr.io/kubeflow-image
install_reqs_before_copy – whether to install the prerequisites (Default value = False)


datasift
Businessmodel of DataSift
Customer Segments
DataSift claims to have over 1,000 customers from more than 40 countries. Its products and services are aimed at businesses that require in-depth aggregation, management and filtering of detailed social data in order to provide more accurately targeted products and services and identify customer demographics.
These customers principally comprise social app developers, marketing and advertising agencies, brand marketers and market researchers.
Value Propositions
DataSift’s key values are in the functionality and reliability of its Human Data Platform and the breadth and variety of its social data.
The Company’s products and insights help customers to identify where and how businesses generate revenue, to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of marketing schemes, to improve customer relationships and to examine operational efficiency.
The Company’s data streams are customisable, comprising only the sources that are selected by users, offering information more than 20 data sources, including from social media giants Reddit, Tumblr, Facebook and Google.
DataSift’s products and services can be easily managed and accessed through the Company’s mobile and desktop websites, enabling users to track their data streams and manage their accounts at any time.
Channels
DataSift’s products can be viewed on the Company’s mobile and desktop websites at www.datasift.com.
Customers can also make enquiries with regard to products via the website, however, sales must be completed through direct discussions with the DataSift sales team. Once purchased, users can log in to DataSift’s cloud-based platform via the Company’s website.
Customer Relationships
DataSift’s products are sold through its sales team, with each customer receiving a bespoke data stream, comprising information from a sources selected by the customer.
DataSift provides after sale support to all of its customers, providing self-service resources such as webinars, tutorials, technical user guides, FAQs and documentation through its website.
The Company also hosts the DataSift Forum and a community discussion board, where users can interact with one another, collaborate on issues and post questions directly to the DataSift team.
Additionally, DataSift operates a blog, where it discusses topics both related to the Company and to social data topics more broadly, and keeps users updated developments to the platform via its Twitter, Facebook and LinkedIn accounts.
Key Activities
DataSift owns and operates a cloud-based social data platform that facilitates social data aggregation, filtration and analysis solutions, providing access to real-time and historical social data to uncover insights and trends focusing on brands, businesses, financial markets, news, and public opinion.
The Company also provides training, data optimisation and insight, outsourcing, data enrichment and data categorisation services. DataSift also manages partnerships with a number of companies in order to provide an efficient and comprehensive data platform to its customers.
Key Partners
DataSift partners with a number of companies to provide comprehensive streams of social data to its customers. Its partners primarily derive from the tech sector, specifically companies operating within the social analytics space, comprising application providers, social intelligence firms, consumer insights agencies, and social media research companies. These partners include big data marketing firm Black Swan, social intelligence platform Circus Social, social media intelligence firm Faveeo and social media analytics company Crimson Hexagon.
The Company also has a number of tech partners from which it aggregates its social data, including Tumblr, Google, Instagram, Wikipedia and Wordpress. Until 2015 the DataSift was also in partnership with Twitter, having access to the company’s firehose of data. The two companies have since parted, with DataSift quickly taking up partnership with social media giant Facebook. The Company is also reported to have a strategic alliance with operational intelligence provider Splunk, integrating the DataSift platform into Splunk’s data products.
Additionally, DataSift has released an API, allowing software developers to create integrated social data solutions using the DataSift platform.
Key Resources
DataSift’s key resources are its technology, its IT infrastructure, its personnel and its partners. Searches of records held by the US Patent and Trademark Office identified no patent applications recorded in DataSift’s name or in the name of MediaSift.
The way in which DataSift’s sales model is organised means that the Company’s sales employees play a key role DataSift’s operations, as do its technical support team.
Cost Structure
DataSift’s costs relate primarily to the development and maintenance of its platform, the maintenance of its IT infrastructure, the retention of its personnel and the management of its various partnerships. In particular, DataSift accrues costs in relation to the data it receives from its data providers, which charge varying fees.
The Company also accrues fixed costs relating the operation of its four offices in the US and the UK.
Revenue Streams
DataSift generates revenue through the sale of various social data aggregation and analysis solutions and products, and subscriptions to its Human Data Platform. The Company primarily generates revenue through subscriptions to customised data streams, aggregating data from a range of online sources. These streams are bespoke and do not have regular prices.
Pricing is calculated in terms of data processing units which measure the computational complexity of the processing performed as part of DataSift’s service. This is dependent on how many sources are included in a stream, with some data sources commanding higher prices than others. All streams have a fixed cost, which can be presented in terms of daily costs. Some streams also incur a variable cost, as there are some data suppliers that charge additional fees for their content.


"""Network Authentication Helpers Contains interface (MultiDomainBasicAuth) and associated glue code for providing credentials in the context of network requests. """ import logging import urllib.parse from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple from pip._vendor.requests.auth import AuthBase, HTTPBasicAuth from pip._vendor.requests.models import Request, Response from pip._vendor.requests.utils import get_netrc_auth from pip._internal.utils.misc import ( ask, ask_input, ask_password, remove_auth_from_url, split_auth_netloc_from_url, ) from pip._internal.vcs.versioncontrol import AuthInfo logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) Credentials = Tuple[str, str, str] try: import keyring except ImportError: keyring = None except Exception as exc: logger.warning( "Keyring is skipped due to an exception: %s", str(exc), ) keyring = None def get_keyring_auth(url, username): # type: (Optional[str], Optional[str]) -> Optional[AuthInfo] """Return the tuple auth for a given url from keyring.""" global keyring if not url or not keyring: return None try: try: get_credential = keyring.get_credential except AttributeError: pass else: logger.debug("Getting credentials from keyring for %s", url) cred = get_credential(url, username) if cred is not None: return cred.username, cred.password return None if username: logger.debug("Getting password from keyring for %s", url) password = keyring.get_password(url, username) if password: return username, password except Exception as exc: logger.warning( "Keyring is skipped due to an exception: %s", str(exc), ) keyring = None return None class MultiDomainBasicAuth(AuthBase): def __init__(self, prompting=True, index_urls=None): # type: (bool, Optional[List[str]]) -> None self.prompting = prompting self.index_urls = index_urls self.passwords = {} # type: Dict[str, AuthInfo] # When the user is prompted to enter credentials and keyring is # available, we will offer to save them. If the user accepts, # this value is set to the credentials they entered. After the # request authenticates, the caller should call # ``save_credentials`` to save these. self._credentials_to_save = None # type: Optional[Credentials] def _get_index_url(self, url): # type: (str) -> Optional[str] """Return the original index URL matching the requested URL. Cached or dynamically generated credentials may work against the original index URL rather than just the netloc. The provided url should have had its username and password removed already. If the original index url had credentials then they will be included in the return value. Returns None if no matching index was found, or if --no-index was specified by the user. """ if not url or not self.index_urls: return None for u in self.index_urls: prefix = remove_auth_from_url(u).rstrip("/") + "/" if url.startswith(prefix): return u return None def _get_new_credentials(self, original_url, allow_netrc=True, allow_keyring=False): # type: (str, bool, bool) -> AuthInfo """Find and return credentials for the specified URL.""" # Split the credentials and netloc from the url. url, netloc, url_user_password = split_auth_netloc_from_url( original_url, ) # Start with the credentials embedded in the url username, password = url_user_password if username is not None and password is not None: logger.debug("Found credentials in url for %s", netloc) return url_user_password # Find a matching index url for this request index_url = self._get_index_url(url) if index_url: # Split the credentials from the url. index_info = split_auth_netloc_from_url(index_url) if index_info: index_url, _, index_url_user_password = index_info logger.debug("Found index url %s", index_url) # If an index URL was found, try its embedded credentials if index_url and index_url_user_password[0] is not None: username, password = index_url_user_password if username is not None and password is not None: logger.debug("Found credentials in index url for %s", netloc) return index_url_user_password # Get creds from netrc if we still don't have them if allow_netrc: netrc_auth = get_netrc_auth(original_url) if netrc_auth: logger.debug("Found credentials in netrc for %s", netloc) return netrc_auth # If we don't have a password and keyring is available, use it. if allow_keyring: # The index url is more specific than the netloc, so try it first kr_auth = ( get_keyring_auth(index_url, username) or get_keyring_auth(netloc, username) ) if kr_auth: logger.debug("Found credentials in keyring for %s", netloc) return kr_auth return username, password def _get_url_and_credentials(self, original_url): # type: (str) -> Tuple[str, Optional[str], Optional[str]] """Return the credentials to use for the provided URL. If allowed, netrc and keyring may be used to obtain the correct credentials. Returns (url_without_credentials, username, password). Note that even if the original URL contains credentials, this function may return a different username and password. """ url, netloc, _ = split_auth_netloc_from_url(original_url) # Use any stored credentials that we have for this netloc username, password = self.passwords.get(netloc, (None, None)) if username is None and password is None: # No stored credentials. Acquire new credentials without prompting # the user. (e.g. from netrc, keyring, or the URL itself) username, password = self._get_new_credentials(original_url) if username is not None or password is not None: # Convert the username and password if they're None, so that # this netloc will show up as "cached" in the conditional above. # Further, HTTPBasicAuth doesn't accept None, so it makes sense to # cache the value that is going to be used. username = username or "" password = password or "" # Store any acquired credentials. self.passwords[netloc] = (username, password) assert ( # Credentials were found (username is not None and password is not None) or # Credentials were not found (username is None and password is None) ), f"Could not load credentials from url: {original_url}" return url, username, password def __call__(self, req): # type: (Request) -> Request # Get credentials for this request url, username, password = self._get_url_and_credentials(req.url) # Set the url of the request to the url without any credentials req.url = url if username is not None and password is not None: # Send the basic auth with this request req = HTTPBasicAuth(username, password)(req) # Attach a hook to handle 401 responses req.register_hook("response", self.handle_401) return req # Factored out to allow for easy patching in tests def _prompt_for_password(self, netloc): # type: (str) -> Tuple[Optional[str], Optional[str], bool] username = ask_input(f"User for {netloc}: ") if not username: return None, None, False auth = get_keyring_auth(netloc, username) if auth and auth[0] is not None and auth[1] is not None: return auth[0], auth[1], False password = ask_password("Password: ") return username, password, True # Factored out to allow for easy patching in tests def _should_save_password_to_keyring(self): # type: () -> bool if not keyring: return False return ask("Save credentials to keyring [y/N]: ", ["y", "n"]) == "y" def handle_401(self, resp, **kwargs): # type: (Response, **Any) -> Response # We only care about 401 responses, anything else we want to just # pass through the actual response if resp.status_code != 401: return resp # We are not able to prompt the user so simply return the response if not self.prompting: return resp parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(resp.url) # Query the keyring for credentials: username, password = self._get_new_credentials(resp.url, allow_netrc=False, allow_keyring=True) # Prompt the user for a new username and password save = False if not username and not password: username, password, save = self._prompt_for_password(parsed.netloc) # Store the new username and password to use for future requests self._credentials_to_save = None if username is not None and password is not None: self.passwords[parsed.netloc] = (username, password) # Prompt to save the password to keyring if save and self._should_save_password_to_keyring(): self._credentials_to_save = (parsed.netloc, username, password) # Consume content and release the original connection to allow our new # request to reuse the same one. resp.content resp.raw.release_conn() # Add our new username and password to the request req = HTTPBasicAuth(username or "", password or "")(resp.request) req.register_hook("response", self.warn_on_401) # On successful request, save the credentials that were used to # keyring. (Note that if the user responded "no" above, this member # is not set and nothing will be saved.) if self._credentials_to_save: req.register_hook("response", self.save_credentials) # Send our new request new_resp = resp.connection.send(req, **kwargs) new_resp.history.append(resp) return new_resp def warn_on_401(self, resp, **kwargs): # type: (Response, **Any) -> None """Response callback to warn about incorrect credentials.""" if resp.status_code == 401: logger.warning( '401 Error, Credentials not correct for %s', resp.request.url, ) def save_credentials(self, resp, **kwargs): # type: (Response, **Any) -> None """Response callback to save credentials on success.""" assert keyring is not None, "should never reach here without keyring" if not keyring: return creds = self._credentials_to_save self._credentials_to_save = None if creds and resp.status_code < 400: try: logger.info('Saving credentials to keyring') keyring.set_password(*creds) except Exception: logger.exception('Failed to save credentials')


Hunger starves the brain. Malnourished kids fall behind in school because they can’t concentrate.
An undernourished heart shrinks, so it works harder to pump blood.
Toxins build up as the liver and kidneys fail. A weakened immune system crumbles in the face of disease.
Hungry-skin cracks, becoming a gateway for infection.
Bones stop growing, making many malnourished kids small for their age.


In this second task, you are defending in a game like Battleship. In this game, each opponent places their ships on locations on the board, without letting the opponent see where they are placed. The player then selects locations to fire missiles. If a player fires missiles in the same square as an opponent's ship, that ship is sunk. Spies have indicated the likely locations where your opponent will strike, but there are varying levels of uncertainty in these predictions. This means that predictions with high uncertainty may not be trustworthy.
As a defender, you will be shown a prediction of the likely locations of missile strikes, along with the uncertainty in these predictions. Click locations to place your ships, or to remove ships you previously placed. Once you have placed all of your ships, click the "Confirm" button. Your objective is to have as few of your ships hit as possible. Dark PURPLE squares with low uncertainty are the safest locations for ships.
Click the "Ready" button when you are ready to being the second task. If at any time you have questions or concerns, consult the consent form.


Connect with:
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Twitch Username (for chat):


| Home | Libraries | People | FAQ | More |
Table of Contents 目录
Copyright © 2001, 2002 Indiana University
Copyright © 2000, 2001 University of Notre Dame du Lac
Copyright © 2000 Jeremy Siek, Lie-Quan Lee, Andrew Lumsdaine
Copyright © 1996-1999 Silicon Graphics Computer Systems, Inc.
Copyright © 1994 Hewlett-Packard Company
This product includes software developed at the University of Notre Dame and the Pervasive Technology Labs at Indiana University. For technical information contact Andrew Lumsdaine at the Pervasive Technology Labs at Indiana University. For administrative and license questions contact the Advanced Research and Technology Institute at 351 West 10th Street. Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, phone<PHONE_NUMBER>, fax<PHONE_NUMBER>.
Some concepts based on versions from the MTL draft manual and Boost Graph and Property Map documentation, the SGI Standard Template Library documentation and the Hewlett-Packard STL, under the following license:
Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, provided that the above copyright notice appears in all copies and that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation. Silicon Graphics makes no representations about the suitability of this software for any purpose. It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.


Hi!
We are glad to announce that iOS app version development does not stand still.
The new improved version is already available to install on you devices!
Every day we work to make the iOS version more filled and its functionality would be equal to the Android version. Inevitably, we face bugs and mistakes on our way, that we try to fix immediately.
Thank you for your support and feedback.
Furthermore in the article, there is a final list of extensions and fixes:
At this release, we added Application Profiles. Now you can create your own profile with independent settings.
Go to menu -> Settings -> New profile. Here you can change order in profile list, switch on/off profiles.
Now each profile has its own settings. Go to menu -> Settings -> сhoose profile.
Each profile has General settings, Navigation settings, Configure map, Configure screen, and Profile appearance menu.
Of course, you can set Plugins for the selected profile.
You can export your profile or import other profiles.
To import a profile, tap on the needed file (*.osf) in any application and select "Copy to OsmAnd Maps".
To export a profile, go to menu -> Settings -> Choose profile -> Export profile.
We added more data sources for Online photos except mapillary-photos: wikidata, wikimedia commons. When you click to POI or polygon you find more pictures in Online photos.
Now you can download online maps to cash.
At first, you should change online maps in 'Map type' menu. Next, long click to the map -> Actions -> Download map. Here, you can choose map area, map type, max/min zoom, you see the number of tiles and download size. When you set all parameters for downloading to click 'Download'.
We fixed many bugs in our search algorithms. Now you can find places, points and etc. without any problems.
• Fixed crash while starting navigation
• Fixed bug with OpenStreetMap Editing Plugin
• Fixed an issue with "Nautical maps" always stuck in update state
And remember that only together we can achieve the best results!
New features are coming SOON!
____________________________
OsmAnd at Facebook, Twitter, and Reddit!
Join us at our groups of Telegram (EN), (IT), (FR), (DE), (RU), (UA), (ES).


---
product:
custom_fields:
videos:
limit: {{theme_settings.productpage_videos_count}}
reviews:
limit: {{theme_settings.productpage_reviews_count}}
related_products:
limit: {{theme_settings.productpage_related_products_count}}
products:
featured:
limit: {{theme_settings.homepage_featured_products_count}}
---
{{inject 'product' product}}
{{#partial "page"}}
{{> components/common/breadcrumbs breadcrumbs=breadcrumbs}}
{{#each product.shipping_messages}}
{{> components/common/alert-info message}}
{{/each}}
{{> components/products/product-view schema=true}}
{{#if product.videos.list.length}}
{{> components/products/videos product.videos}}
{{/if}}
{{product.warranty}}
{{> components/products/tabs}}
{{/partial}}
{{> layout/base}}


"""
@brief Channel Template class
Instances of this class describe a specific telemetry channel (but not a channel
reading)
@date Created July 11, 2018
@author R. Joseph Paetz
@bug No known bugs
"""
from fprime.common.models.serialize.type_base import BaseType
from fprime.common.models.serialize.type_exceptions import TypeMismatchException
from . import data_template
[docs]class ChTemplate(data_template.DataTemplate):
"""Class for channel templates that describe specific telemetry channels"""
def __init__(
self,
ch_id,
ch_name,
comp_name,
ch_type_obj,
ch_fmt_str=None,
ch_desc=None,
low_red=None,
low_orange=None,
low_yellow=None,
high_yellow=None,
high_orange=None,
high_red=None,
):
"""
Constructor
Args:
ch_id: The ID of the channel being described
ch_name: The name of the channel
comp_name: The name of the f-prime component that produces this ch
ch_type_obj: The channel's type as an instance of a class derived
from BaseType
ch_fmt_str: (Optional) The format string for the channel
ch_desc: (Optional) Description of the channel
low_red: (Optional) Below this the value will be in red alert
low_orange: (Optional) Below this the value will be in orange alert
low_yellow: (Optional) Below this the value will be in yellow alert
high_yellow: (Optional) Above this the value will be in yellow alert
high_orange: (Optional) Above this the value will be in orange alert
high_red: (Optional) Above this the value will be in red alert
"""
super().__init__()
# Make sure correct types are passed
if not isinstance(ch_id, int):
raise TypeMismatchException(int, type(ch_id))
if not isinstance(ch_name, str):
raise TypeMismatchException(str, type(ch_name))
if not isinstance(comp_name, str):
raise TypeMismatchException(str, type(comp_name))
if not isinstance(ch_type_obj, BaseType):
raise TypeMismatchException(BaseType, type(ch_type_obj))
if ch_fmt_str is not None and not isinstance(ch_fmt_str, str):
raise TypeMismatchException(str, type(ch_fmt_str))
if ch_desc is not None and not isinstance(ch_desc, str):
raise TypeMismatchException(str, type(ch_desc))
# Initialize event internal variables
self.id = ch_id
self.name = ch_name
self.comp_name = comp_name
self.ch_desc = ch_desc
self.ch_type_obj = ch_type_obj
self.fmt_str = ch_fmt_str
self.low_red = low_red
self.low_orange = low_orange
self.low_yellow = low_yellow
self.high_yellow = high_yellow
self.high_orange = high_orange
self.high_red = high_red
[docs] def get_full_name(self):
"""
Get the full name of this channel
Returns:
The full name (component.channel) for this channel
"""
return "{}.{}".format(self.comp_name, self.name)
[docs] def get_id(self):
return self.id
[docs] def get_name(self):
return self.name
[docs] def get_comp_name(self):
return self.comp_name
[docs] def get_ch_desc(self):
return self.ch_desc
[docs] def get_type_obj(self):
return self.ch_type_obj
[docs] def get_low_red(self):
return self.low_red
[docs] def get_low_orange(self):
return self.low_orange
[docs] def get_low_yellow(self):
return self.low_yellow
[docs] def get_high_yellow(self):
return self.high_yellow
[docs] def get_high_orange(self):
return self.high_orange
[docs] def get_high_red(self):
return self.high_red


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Our world-class cupcakes attract customers from around the world
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About
Bluetooth beacons are hardware transmitters - a class of Bluetooth low energy (LE) devices that broadcast their identifier to nearby portable electronic devices. The technology enables smartphones, tablets and other devices to perform actions when in close proximity to a beacon.
How to use this app
On your smartphone, you must have BLE Beacon app installed.This application requires you to have bluetooth and the Internet turned on.When you are in the region of one or more devices, on your smarthphone will appear information about objects of that region.You can download app here.


canvas::track::lines - Manage a group of rubber band lines
This package provides a utility class managing the drawing of set of semi-crosshair (rubberband) lines.
This, the class command, creates and configures a new instance of the tracker, named objectName. The instance will be connected to the specified canvas widget.
The result of the command is the fully qualified name of the instance command.
Instances of this class provide the following API:
This method destroys the instance and releases all its internal resources.
This operation does destroy the items representing the tracked lines. It does not destroy the attached canvas.
The result of the method is an empty string.
This method starts the tracking of a set of lines, one line per point p, which specifies the destination end-point of each line. All lines will have current as a common end-point.
Note that a previously tracked set of lines is removed.
The result of the method is an empty string.
Each point is specified through a 2-element list containing its x- and y-coordinates, in this order.
This method updates the shared end-point of all rubberbands and redraws them.
The result of the method is an empty string.
The point is specified through a 2-element list containing its x- and y-coordinates, in this order.
This method ends the tracking of the current set of lines and removes them from the canvas.
This document, and the package it describes, will undoubtedly contain bugs and other problems. Please report such in the category canvas of the Tklib Trackers. Please also report any ideas for enhancements you may have for either package and/or documentation.


Talks
NCSOFT
Sep. 2022 - Now
-
Review: Grounding Language Models to Images for Multimodal Generation
Feb. 2023
-
Pseudo Labeling with Inter-Emotion Correlation for Facial Emotion Recognition
Dec. 2022
MINDs Lab
Sep. 2020 - Sep. 2022
-
Introduction to Human Interaction Recognition
Apr. 2021
[pdf]
[youtube]
-
How Segmentation Model Learns?
Dec. 2021
Review: Per-Pixel Classification is Not All You Need for Semantic Segmentation
Bowen Cheng et al. NeurIPS 2021
[pdf]
-
Vision Transformer. 1년이 지난 지금은 어떻게 생겼나?, Transformer에 Convolution을 써보는 것들은 어떨까?
Jul. 2021
-
Representation Assemble!
Jul. 2021
Introduction to Multi-Modal Joint-Representation Learning
[pdf]
-
VQA Approach & Dataset Survey
Apr. 2021
[pdf]
-
Are the Relationships of Class Representations in Vision and Language Similar?
Mar. 2021
[pdf]
-
Font Style Transfer Survey
Mar. 2021
[pdf]
-
Representation Learning:
How Should Feature Be Learned in Vision?
Feb. 2021
Introducing CLIP and an Unsupervised Semantic Segmentation Approach
[pdf]
-
How Can We Correlate Inter-Domain Knowledge?
Dec. 2020
Reviewing Consistent Structural Relation Learning for Generalized Zero-Shot Segmentation
(Peike et al., NeurIPS2020)
[pdf]
-
Zero-Shot Semantic Segmentation via Spatial and Multi-Scale Aware Visual Class Embedding
Nov. 2020
Algorithmic Trading Research Club @ SQR
Snowball Quantitative Research
Dec. 2020 - Now
-
Review: Isolating Momentum Crashes
Nov. 2021
[pdf]
-
Review: On Persistence in Mutual Fund Performance
Oct. 2021
[pdf]
-
Lets Find Mean Reversion Pairs!
Jul. 2021
[pdf]
-
I Want to Predict with Transformer
Jun. 2021
Reviewing ‘Informer: Beyond Efficient Transformer for Long Sequence Time-Series Forecasting’
(Haoyi Zhou et al., AAAI2021)
[pdf]
-
Heuristic Meta Meta Portfolio
Apr. 2021
[pdf]
-
Dacon AI Bit Trader Competition Day trading with ARIMA
Mar. 2021
[pdf]
-
몰빵이 왜 좋은 방법이 아니냐면 Reviewing Portfolio Selection Harry Markowitz
Dec. 2020
[pdf]
© Sungguk Cha | Last update in 2 March 2023


The respondent took the view that there has been little groundbreaking change in the field
of applied physics in the past five years, despite overall progress. No specific country, institution,
or individual was identified as being a global leader. In this connection, the respondent
declined to name his pick of top institutions and researchers in Japan, for ethical reasons.
Where Japan’s strength is concerned, the respondent said, Japan has a wealth of human
capital, comparable to other countries. Japanese researchers were described as thorough in their
approach to scientific problems and precise in their experimental work, and the Japanese were
said to be an “industrious and assiduous people.” As for infrastructure, it is a good sign to see
laboratories existing in Japan.
Another field in which Japan could hold a leading position is nanomaterials. The respondent
said that Japan’s scientists and engineers have great potential to leap forward in computer
science, where they currently lag behind.
In his view, Japan’s technology ability is “surely higher than in the most of economically
advanced nations,” but “technological ideas are wandering in the air. It is easier to catch and
improve them than to propose a new scientific idea.”
Finally, he said, he expects Japan to produce “a great breakthrough after the next five
years.”
What do you think are the weaknesses or hindrances to greater excellence for Japan?
Except in a few scientific fields, Japanese representation in the science citation index was
observed as lower than the world average, but, our respondent said, the situation is gradually
improving.
On research management, the respondent underscored the importance of individual creativity.
He said, “if we wish to have non-ordinary scientists we must allow them free thinking.
It means that we ought to encourage young as well as older scientists to develop their own
ideas, not only those belonging to the chief.” In his opinion, Japan’s scientific establishment
suffers from “superfluous centralization.”
What are your recommendations for Japan?
First, he stressed that providing sufficient funding for scientific research is critical, whether it
is for research within Japan or international collaborations. In his view, with modern communication
technology at our disposal, joint research activities need not require participants
to come together to work in the same space. Rather, with proper task assignment, researchers
can use information and communication technologies to support their work and collaboration.
For instance, the raw experiment could be performed in one laboratory, while data processing
could take place in another lab that is better prepared for the task. Of course, such an approach
requires well-managed and flexible systems of joint grants (for example, research supported by
the U.S. Civilian Research and Development Foundation). The respondent said that he has
seen successful partnerships and urges Japan to become involved in them. Japan should take
advantage of such mechanisms to expand overseas training opportunities for its students and
researchers. When visiting a British laboratory, for example, he said, “one can see that at least
one-third of the staff are Chinese undergraduate students, Ph.D. students, or post-docs but
almost never [any] Japanese collaborators.”
There should also be an open competition of ideas in every university department and
scientific institution in Japan. This would encourage the best ideas to come forward regardless
of the age, seniority, or reputation of the scientists behind them.
Regarding near-term versus long-term goals, basic research should be Japan’s near-term
priority because the basic sciences lay the foundation for long-term goals. As for determining
the long-term goals, Japan should look to its unique environment to find the answers. As a
country with a poor endowment of energy and natural resources, Japan’s main efforts must be
aimed at creating energy-saving and environment-friendly technologies (including supercritical
fluid technologies) and developing alternative energy sources and storage possibilities. Another
area of focus might be in the health area. Despite good medical services in Japan, the respondent
said that “the state of healthcare sciences [in Japan] cannot be recognized as advanced”
and stressed that advances in the basic sciences are needed to turn this situation around.
As for improving Japan’s education system, Japan, too, must go back to the “roots of the
problem.” It is a common mistake, in his view, to simply pump a great deal of knowledge into
students, most of which may turn out to be useless. The main aim of education should instead
be to develop creative thinking. This is not easy because teachers and professors have to possess
the same rare quality of creative thinking. One way to nurture talented scientists is through
competition at all education levels that aims to demonstrate the ability to think rather than
mere “knowledge about everything.” Japan, he counseled, should also attempt to understand
why Japanese engineers are internationally renowned yet the same cannot be said of its scientists.
To take this further, perhaps scientists and engineers would benefit from specialized education
programs that they can freely enter and leave.
返回页首
Summary 54
Summary 54
Field and Subfield(s): Nanotechnology and materials science; Physics, applied (2)
Location: EU
Status: Established
Gender: Male
Nationality: Non-Japanese
Professional experience in or with Japan: Low
What is the overall competitiveness of Japan in your area(s) of research, in general, and
what are Japan’s strengths in research?
The respondent said that applied physics is somewhat new as a field and that he considers Japan
to be competitive in computer programming but not good at the level of theoretical, groundbreaking
research. Japan, in his view, invests a great deal of funds and energy in the area,
including having good infrastructure and administrative support, but only copies the work of
others and develops the computational or implementation aspect. The University of Tokyo and
Osaka University were named as the top institutions in Japan. Overall, he said, Japan is good
with hardware and software, but not doing as well in theoretical developments. Thus, at this
time, he would be open to collaborating with Japanese researchers but expect their contribution
to be only in computational developments.
As such, he would expect Japan’s undergraduate and graduate systems to prepare students
well in computing but not in advancing theoretical research. He described Japanese
researchers as systematic and hardworking but said that, as they are lacking a strong theoretical
background in training, they cannot effectively engage in research to advance the field. In
his view, as long as such a bias persists in Japan, he does not expect the quality of Japan’s work
to dramatically improve. Instead, he said, he is more hopeful of the situation in China and
India, where he has seen greater support for theoretical research. Other countries doing well in
theoretical development are the United States, Germany, and France.
Although the United States has been leading the field, he said, Europe is catching up
because of Europeans’ creativity and flexibility in putting together research teams and doing
interdisciplinary work. He said that he has seen more Japanese researchers collaborating with
peers in Europe than in the United States. Teamwork, he underscored, is especially important
in this field because “the input is physics and the output is chemistry.” The high-performing
countries are Germany, Italy, the UK, Switzerland, and France—though, in the case of France,
its academic community appears reluctant to explore this field. However, he said, Europe’s rise
is not certain, given the enormous bureaucratic burden that prevails in European countries.
What do you think are the weaknesses or hindrances to greater excellence for Japan?
He said that Japanese researchers seem arrogant and poorly grounded in theory. Further, Japan
has money and people but lacks the approach and leaders to change the way S&T are driven
in this field.
What are your recommendations for Japan?
Japan must strengthen its theoretical foundations in the field and achieve this by setting both
short- and long-term priorities. To develop a good system, he suggested two approaches. The
first is to attract top people to establish Japan as their residence. The second is to organize conferences
to introduce new and high-quality research to Japan. In the case of the United States,
he said, after World War II, the country recruited top scientists from all over the world to settle
and work in the United States. At that time, “few people engaged themselves in theoretical
endeavors.” Eventually, the United States became a leader in the field, and a U.S. journal, Physical
Review Letters, is the top journal in the field. In his view, Japan today is where the United
States was after World War II, and it can use incentives to attract top researchers from the rest
of the world. The alternative approach of organizing seminars and collaborations is, in his view,
not sustainable. He said that no country has achieved excellence in this fashion. He said that
seminars and visiting professors do not leave enduring capabilities after the seminars end or
visitors leave. Still, either of these policies will take a number of years to have some impact on
scientific production.
He also emphasized that Japan should also send more researchers abroad. He said that
many Japanese study abroad but that the number is not enough to sustain high-quality research
in this area. In his view, sending more Japanese researchers abroad is critical to Japan’s future
in S&T as a whole. Since it is very difficult for Americans and Europeans to adapt to Japanese
society, sending Japanese researchers abroad to upgrade their skills is the solution.
返回页首
Summary 55
Summary 55
Field and Subfield(s): Nanotechnology and materials science; Physics, applied (3)
Location: EU
Status: Established
Gender: Male
Nationality: Non-Japanese
Professional experience in or with Japan: Low
What is the overall competitiveness of Japan in your area(s) of research, in general, and
what are Japan’s strengths in research?
The respondent described Japan as good in reproducing and adapting products of the leading
countries and as having good industry research programs (e.g., that of Sony). However,
he did not regard Japan as innovative. For this reason, in his view, Japan will likely stay in its
current position among the top countries and will not come close to the United States or Germany,
the leaders in the field. He emphasized that U.S. success is built on individual initiative
and the freedom to think. He believes that Japan has the human and financial resources to
be innovative but that the right approach is missing. Also, he said, he believes that Japan lags
behind because it copies what the leaders like the United States have done instead of focusing
its energy on new endeavors.
Nevertheless, he reported seeing dramatic improvement in one area for Japan: communication.
He said that there has been improvement not only in terms of English language skills
but also in the way messages are delivered. Ten years ago, Japanese scientists went to conferences
and did not speak well or answer questions correctly because they did not understand
what was asked. Such poor performance seems to be a thing of the past.
In his view, the top Japanese institutions in his field are the University of Tokyo, Tsukuba
University, and Osaka University. However, their strength, he underscored, is in implementation
and not in the study of theory and fundamentals.
Japan’s S&T capabilities were judged to be adequate and benefit from having good facilities
and funding. He said that Japanese researchers also benefit from having a high level
of administrative support. By comparison, researchers in Europe, he said, have to personally
handle a great deal more paperwork in grant applications and “have to be their own travel
agency, secretary, and copier [clerk].”
He rated Japanese education as generally high in quality but thought that it, too, lacked
strength in theoretical formation and had an overemphasis on implementation. Still, in his
opinion, Japan is not in a worse situation than Europe (e.g., Germany builds its strength in the
field on the work of two to three very good institutions and groups of researchers). He noted
Norway as another small country that has done well in applied physics in recent years, producing
a disproportionately high number of publications. He attributed this success to political
support for science (e.g., he said that the mayor of Oslo once met with all the participants of a
professional congress) and funds that target activities that foster innovation. He said that the
UK values independence and creativity in research but has serious funding problems across
the field. Each university’s situation varies widely, depending on its contributors and boards.
He said that Britain especially suffered and lost its competitive position under Prime Minister
Margaret Thatcher’s government and that, while recovery efforts are under way, progress is
slow. France was said to be not particularly good in this subfield and to suffer the same bureaucratic
problems that plague academia in Europe. Germany, by comparison, has managed to
do well in his field because it shares the Anglo-Saxon mindset of valuing independence and
freedom in research. Nevertheless, the U.S. system is better. He strongly emphasized that the
U.S. education and academic environment are the best in the world.
What do you think are the weaknesses or hindrances to greater excellence for Japan?
Japan’s central problem in achieving scientific excellence is not the lack of funding or human
capital but its general approach to scientific and technological development. Too much emphasis
was said to be placed on practical aspects and not enough on the theoretical side. Describing this situation, the respondent made an analogy to the Roman and Greek civilizations:
The Roman Empire left a legacy of production techniques, while Greek civilization gave us
philosophy. He said that China is doing the same thing as Japan. He added that, to make it
worse, Chinese researchers do a poor job copying (at least Japanese researchers have some fundamental
understanding of theory in the field) and plagiarize extensively in their publications.
He cautioned against a high level of centralization. Central policy guidelines, he said,
could be wrong (e.g., focusing funding on implementation or topics that are no longer relevant)
and, thus, hinder Japan’s potential to produce breakthrough research. The respondent did not
see ties between academia and industry as inherently a problem but said that industry funding
of academic research could reinforce the bias toward “practical” research.
So, while increased international collaboration is a good thing, it is not going to improve
Japanese S&T as long as Japan does not change the way it approaches science.
What are your recommendations for Japan?
First of all, Japan’s S&T policy has to take a balanced approach. Every country, in his view,
needs to maintain a diverse portfolio of research projects across fields. Thus far, he said, Japan
tends to follow and build on others’ pioneering work. This is not a good strategy, not only
because of the resulting lag in production but also because it tends to concentrate resources in
a particular area. In his field, he believes that tradition is important but that the field is also
well diversified, allowing enough topics and areas for universities and research centers to find
their own niche and produce innovative research.
Universities in Japan should learn from the American system, he said. Specifically, there
should be significant rewards for innovation and creativity, and individuals should be incentivized
to pursue personal projects independently and freely without the interference of superiors
or group structures or central policy directives. He stressed that it is individual initiative, rather
than groups, that creates innovation.
S&T should be based on groundbreaking innovation and communicated via publication
in the top journals in the appropriate subfields. Currently, academic achievement is valued only
in terms of the number of publications or citations, without consideration to the journals in
which they are published. This, he said, misleads and misguides scientific activities. Further,
innovation is threatened as long as mere production is rewarded, no matter how repetitive
or lacking in novelty (e.g., reproducing one experiment in slightly different conditions). He
stressed that discoveries occur and Nobel prizes are awarded based on significant publications
but not necessarily on having a large number of them.
Finally, Japan should invest more in collaboration programs—current ones being just five
to ten years old—and encourage more collaboration.
返回页首
无需对日本的未来过度悲观
日本的真心话和大冒险
日本的回应：莫把三星和韩国竞争力混为一谈
明石康、原联合国副秘书长
日本的影响力变得微弱
作为一个日本人和关注国际关系的人，我对日本政治的低迷状况感到遗憾。短命政府一个接一个地换，日本没有展示本应该有的国际性愿景，日本经济也萎靡不振。
政治领导人频繁更换的负面影响也被外国指出，以前被说"敲打日本"(Japan Bashing)，日本在国际上拥有实力时受到了批评。其中既有合理的批评，也有无理的诽谤，但是受到批评说明也受到关注。
然而，现在是"无视日本"（Japan Passing），也就是对日本视而不见的状况。
这是日本在世界上的影响力减弱的表现。让亚洲的人们、世界各国理解日本正在考虑的事、担心的事、期待的事，这对于日本和日本国民来说非常重要。
日本在国际社会的影响力变得微弱，对此我强烈感到一种难以言表的焦虑。海外的朋友也对我表示担忧称"日本没有办法了吗？"
近年的政府在外交上失败
首相短期内更换的情况从自民党政权末期开始持续下来。时间短到无法描绘明确的愿景并落实这些政策。
民主党执政时，虽然在国内问题上野田内阁想方设法实现了消费税增税，但外交方面依然停滞不前。
鸠山前首相在冲绳的美军基地问题上招致了使迄今为止在日美关系上的努力化为泡影的结果。
菅政府应对3 11（东日本大地震）时在没有跟邻近国家取得任何联系的情况下向太平洋排放了福岛核电站事故引起的辐射污染水。想想地震发生后，包括邻近各国在内的众多国家提供了温暖人心的国际性援助和支持，真的很遗憾。
尽管发生悲惨的灾害，但灾区人们舍身忘我地相互帮助，还有日本国民奋发努力的姿态也向世界展现了日本拥有的软实力，世界也投来钦佩的目光，因此对上述状况感到万分可惜。
日中两国政府需尽力为事态降温
接着到野田执政时期，政府起初表态将积极参与TPP（跨太平洋经济伙伴关系协定），但此事后来处于搁置状态。而且尖阁诸岛、竹岛问题也浮出水面，日中、日韩关系也随之恶化。
正因为当下需要亚洲各国团结一致，才更应该直面并致力于解决这些问题。至少需要冷静应对，避免事态朝着坏的方向发展。
围绕尖阁问题，我觉得中国也决不是想要战争。去年夏天，"第八届东京-北京论坛"在东京举办，我作为执行委员长发表了主旨演讲，其中这样讲道：
"为了防止眼前的对立和冲突朝着日中两国不希望看到的方向发展，需要尽快建立危机管理和为事态降温的牢固机制。回顾近代的国际政治，有好多不幸的例子表明不足取的偶发性冲突在事态令人惊恐的情况下朝着相关国家领导人谁都不希望的方向升级，最终导致局面无法收拾。可以说，日中两国政府负有共同的义务，应该想尽办法使这些小冲突和争端不要演变成进退两难的严重事态，努力防范于未然。
必须考虑为事态降温、冷却的手段，防止朝着谁也不希望的坏方向急剧升级。建立各种方式的渠道，坦率地进行对话就能形成共同的问题意识。在当今复杂的国际形势中这是不可缺少的。
但尽管如此，很遗憾日中两国均出现让人想起20世纪30年代民族主义想法的倾向，总觉得双方似乎迷失了举起拳头后放下的契机。双方需要相互认清日中两国的共同利益在哪里，采取明智的应对措施避免大的冲突。
日本应该为国际社会做的事
日本经济的长期低迷应该也是日本在世界上的影响力趋弱的原因之一。
在亚洲，中国、韩国、印度等国实现经济增长，国力得到增强。第二次世界大战后，日本在亚洲率先实现了令世界惊叹的高速经济增长，但是最近二十年日本表现低迷使得国民情绪低落。
20世纪90年代日本在世界各国的政府开发援助（ODA）中独占鳌头。现在却减到了以往的一半一下，排名也从首位跌至第五位。不说总量，就连人均金额与北欧各国等相比也令人惭愧。联合国大会通过决议要求发达国家提供国民生产总值的约0.7%作为ODA，而日本仅提供了0.2%。
日本若要发挥软实力，ODA方面的配合不可或缺，然而减少到这个程度实在令人遗憾。
与美国的同盟关系带来的东西
在战后60年多年中，美国为日本的复兴提供了援助，也为日本的民主化尽力。冷战后的国际形势下，日本能够以轻军备完事可以说正是因为存在与美国的同盟关系。
虽然与美国之间也存在基地问题等难题，但重视与美国的同盟关系对于避免日本过度持有军备并走向核武装来说是不可或缺的因素。
因此，应认识到为了维持与美国的同盟关系，日本也应该负担相应的成本。
重视与美国的同盟关系不会导致日本军事大国化。此次获得连任的奥巴马政府明确显示出与中国保持良好关系的可能性。可以说奥巴马政府的目标是构建包括中国在内的新国际秩序。
过度的悲观不会产生任何东西
虽然日本处于严峻的状况，但决不应该悲观，而应该朝着好的方向努力。我想其方向性有以下两点。
第一是少子老龄化问题。这不是仅日本面临的问题，韩国、台湾、新加坡、东欧和南欧等地也都一样。作为对策，我想绝对需要让年轻人在经济上对未来拥有更加光明的前景。
同时为了发挥女性的活力，应该在所有方面消除对女性的歧视，对于育儿实施各种优厚的保护政策。
此外，我认为应热情迎接有技能的外国人，使其融入日本社会。我想通过这一系列政策，既然日本人口减少但下滑速度缓慢，日本的活力和国际竞争力就应该能得以维持。
第二点是培养全球性人才的观点。政府、学界和经济团体等均对此表示赞同。虽然日本也有为时太晚的一面，但目前经济金融、科学技术、环境等所有领域国境均已失去意义。信息也在世界实时传播。
仅在国内就可以了事的时代已一去不复返。应该在国内培养能翱翔于世界的人才，也从外国接纳众多留学生，同时让众多年轻人走向世界。为留学生创造条件让他们在留学之后对就业岗位无后顾之忧也很重要。经济界也显示出了支持的态度。
如果能在少子老龄化和培养全球性人才方面出台有效的政策，我想这个国家的未来是光明的。
现在，国内政治和国际政治已经没有界限。日本面临的问题仅在国内是无法解决的。现在日本才更应该构筑一贯的综合性政治哲学，与世界各国携手前行，难道不是吗？
宫崎骏《起风了》
学语言，从数数开始
翻译自以月刊第三文明（第三文明社）2013年1月号第20页至23页《国内政治与国际政治没有界限。与世界各国携手创造充满希望的日本》为基础，经作者删改加工而成的论文。
日本的真心话和大冒险
明石康:1931年生于秋田县。1954年毕业于东京大学教养学部。在该校研究生院深造后，先后留学于佛吉尼亚大学、弗莱彻学院和哥伦比亚大学。1957年成为首位进入联合国工作的日本人。先后担任柬埔寨、原南斯拉夫的联合国秘书长特别代表，以及负责人道主义事务的副秘书长等职。现为国际文化会馆理事长、斯里兰卡和平构筑日本政府代表、明石塾塾长等职。著有《联合国》（岩波新书）、《从联合国看世界》（SIMUL出版会）、《活着也心急》（中央公论新社）等众多作品。
日本基本国情汇编
更多资讯，请访问： retter2012.com 。
日本旭日旗
旭日旗和纳粹鹰
广岛纪念原爆68周年
在钓鱼岛问题上，日本显得苍白无力。日本政府固执地认为我国的钓鱼岛（尖阁诸岛）无论是从历史上还是从国际法上都是日本固有的领土。以下为日本方面的辩护词。哪怕罪大恶极之人，也应给与其自我辩护的权利。当然，既然为自己说话，难免有几分矫情。读者自辨。编者未审先判，日本败诉。证据？莫须有！不服？你敢碰我一下先？！！
按照Kotter的理论：Power is influence（权力即影响力）。日本的政治和经济地位相对于中国日趋卑微，迫使其不断军国化。整个东亚又将面临一次巨大挑战。国际博弈，基于实力，个头大的说了算。Might is right!三十年河东，三十年河西。识时务者为俊杰。
菲利浦二世时代的地中海和地中海世界
以下内容来自日本国驻华大使馆（Copyright :2012 Embassy of Japan in China）
http://www.cn.emb-japan.go.jp/index.htm
日本旭日旗
旭日旗和纳粹鹰
广岛纪念原爆68周年
美国驻日本军事基地
To be, or not to be
第二次世界大战之后，1951年的《旧金山和平条约》从法律上确认了日本领土，尖阁诸岛不被包含在根据该条约我国所放弃的“台湾及澎湖诸岛”之内，而作为南西诸岛一部分被置于美国施政之下。
中华民国（台湾）在《日华和平条约》（1952年签署）上追认了《旧金山和平条约》，并对上述尖阁诸岛的处理没有提出过任何异议。中国也没有提出过任何异议。
尖阁诸岛被包含在于1972年根据《冲绳归还协定》将施政权归还给日本的地区之内。
中国在于1968年尖阁诸岛周边海域下面蕴藏石油之可能性被指出之后才开始有关尖阁诸岛领有权的主张。此前，中国对日本拥有该诸岛没有提出过任何异议。
中国的刊物中也有记载来证明中国将尖阁诸岛认识为日本领土。
（例：1960年在中国发行的《中国世界地图集》（附件）中，尖阁诸岛被记载为属于冲绳的岛屿。）
在1972年日中邦交正常化之际，周恩来总理称，“因为发现了石油，这就成了问题。”
尖阁诸岛在历史上也一贯是日本领土南西诸岛的组成部分。
自1885年以来，日本政府在通过冲绳县政府等途径再三对尖阁诸岛进行实地调查，慎重确认尖阁诸岛不仅为无人岛，而且没有受到清朝统治的痕迹之后，才正式编入我国领土之内。
尖阁诸岛没有被包含在按照1895年4月的《下关条约（马关条约）》由清朝割让给日本的“台湾及澎湖诸岛”当中。
中方所提出的文献及地图的记载内容均不足以构成证明中国拥有领有权的论据。
尖阁诸岛是日本固有领土，这无论是在历史上还是在国际法上都很明确，实际上我国有效控制着该诸岛。因此，根本不存在围绕尖阁诸岛要解决的领有权问题。
第二次世界大战之后，在一九五二年四月生效的《旧金山和平条约》从法律角度上确认了战后的日本领土，尖阁诸岛不被包含在其第二条规定的我国所放弃的领土之内，而基于其第三条规定，作为南西诸岛一部分被置于美国施政之下。后来又根据一九七二年五月生效的《日本国与美利坚合众国关于琉球诸岛及大东诸岛的协定》（《冲绳返还协定》），尖阁诸岛被包含在把施政权归还给日本的地区之内。上述事实极其明确地显示出尖阁诸岛作为我国领土的地位。
尖阁诸岛在历史上始终都是日本领土的南西诸岛的一部分。原来，自一八八五年以来，日本政府通过冲绳县政府等途径多次对尖阁诸岛进行实地调查，慎重确认尖阁诸岛不仅为无人岛，而且也没有受到清朝统治的痕迹。在此基础上，于一八九五年一月十四日，由内阁会议（“阁议”）决定在岛上建立标桩，以正式编入我国领土之内。
此外，尖阁诸岛没有被包含在按照一八九五年五月生效的《下关条约（马关条约）》第二条规定由清朝割让给日本的台湾及澎湖诸岛当中。再者，尖阁诸岛根据《旧金山和平条约》第三条被置于美国施政之下，中国对这一事实从未提出过任何异议，由此可以明确地看出，中国没有将尖阁诸岛视为台湾的一部分。中华民国（台湾）随后通过一九五二年八月生效的《日华和平条约》承认了《旧金山和平条约》。
中国政府以及台湾当局在一九七十年代以后才开始有关尖阁诸岛的独自主张，也就是于一九六八年秋联合国有关组织的调查结果公布，即发现东海下面有可能蕴藏石油，并由此尖阁诸岛开始受到人们的关注之后。
迄今中国政府及台湾当局作为所谓历史上、地理上、地质上的依据等提出的各类观点，均不足以构成国际法上的有效论据来证明中国对尖阁诸岛拥有领有权的主张。
日本旭日旗
旭日旗和纳粹鹰
广岛纪念原爆68周年
日本有关东海资源开发的法律立场
一、根据《联合国海洋法公约》的相关规定，日中双方拥有距领海基线200海里以内的专属经济区及大陆架的权利依据。由于位于东海两侧的日中两国的领海基线之间相距不到400海里，因此双方的200海里专属经济区及大陆架存在相互重叠部分，就此需要日中之间通过协商划定界限。根据《联合国海洋法公约》的相关规定和国际判例，在这种水域划定界限时以中间线为准划定界限就可以得到公平解决。
（注：1海里=1.852 km, 200海里=370.4 km）
二、
1、中方主张在东海划定界限应该依据大陆架的自然延伸、大陆与岛屿的对比等东海之特点来进行，不承认按照中间线来划定界限，同时中方并未提出设定的具体界限线，而且主张大陆架自然延伸到冲绳海槽。
2、自然延伸论是在上个世纪60年代有关相邻国家间大陆架界限的划定判例上被采用等在过去的国际法上被采用的观点。根据1982年通过的《联合国海洋法公约》的相关规定以及之后的国际判例，倘若两岸国家之间距离不到400海里，则该水域的划界不容承认自然延伸论，而且像冲绳海槽那样的海底地形并无法律上的意义。因此，按照现今的国际法，以为可以主张将大陆架延伸到冲绳海槽的观点是缺乏根据的。
三、以上述为前提，我国的一贯立场是，针对尚未划定界线的水域，理所当然我国至少应在中间线以东的日方水域可以行使主权权力和管辖权。但是，这毫不意味着我国放弃了对中间线以西的水域拥有的权利依据，而不过是我国在划定界限之前暂时对中间线以东的水域行使主权权力和管辖权而已。因此，在日中之间尚未完成东海划界并且中方一概不承认我国有关中间线主张的情况下，我国对距本国领海基线200海里以内的专属经济区及大陆架拥有权利依据之事实丝毫没有改变。
日本旭日旗
旭日旗和纳粹鹰
广岛纪念原爆68周年
美国驻日本军事基地
To be, or not to be
Q1. 对于上次的大战，日本政府持有怎样的历史认识？
1. 我国曾经通过殖民统治和侵略，给许多国家、特别是亚洲国家人民造成了巨大损害和痛苦。我国谦虚地对待这一历史事实，时刻铭记深刻的反省和由衷的歉意。第二次世界大战以后，我国一贯坚持只做经济大国，不做军事大国，以和平方式解决一切问题的立场。
2. 如上所述，我国正视关于上次大战的过去，站在深刻反省的立场上，将与包括中国、韩国在内的亚洲各国建立面向未来的合作关系。我国认为今后日本将继续为世界的和平与繁荣做出贡献。
（参考1）小泉纯一郎内阁总理大臣谈话（2005年8月15日）（部分）
我国由于殖民统治和侵略给许多国家、特别是给亚洲各国人民带来了巨大的损害和痛苦。我谦虚地对待这一历史事实，谨此再次表示深刻的反省和由衷的歉意。同时谨向在上次大战中遇难的所有国内外人士表示沉痛的哀悼。我们决心不淡忘这一悲惨的战争的教训，决不会再次使兵戎相见，为世界的和平与繁荣做出贡献。
我国战后的历史正是以实际行动体现对战争反省的60年。
我国与亚洲各国之间在经济、文化等广泛领域的交流已经发展到了空前的程度。我认为，尤其是与一衣带水的中国、韩国等亚洲各国之间，我国有必要携起手来，共同维持这一地区的和平并谋求发展。我国正视过去，正确认识历史，愿意基于相互理解和信赖关系与亚洲各国建立起面向未来的合作关系。
Q2. 日本对在战争中受到伤害的亚洲各国没有进行正式道歉？
1. 我国时刻铭记曾经由于日本的殖民统治和侵略，给许多国家、特别是亚洲国家人民造成了巨大损害和痛苦，我们时刻铭记深刻的反省和由衷的歉意。我国在1995年8月15日内阁总理大臣讲话中等，到现在为止利用很多机会明确表达了反省与道歉的心情，及决不重复这一段不幸的历史的决心。
2. 例如，小泉总理大臣在2005年8月15日的谈话中，表达了这种反省与道歉的心情 。另外，到目前为止，日本利用中国、韩国等各国首脑访日的机会等，也表达了这种反省与道歉的心情。
Q3. 日本对于在上次的战争中受到伤害的国家和人民进行了怎样的赔偿？
1. 战后，我国与相关各国间，一并处理了赔偿、财产及请求权的问题。这种方式被当时的国际社会普遍接受。
2. 具体来说，我国与相关各国缔结了旧金山和平条约及两国的和平条约等，并根据这些条约切实进行了赔偿、支付等。对与上次战争的索求权等问题，与签订条约的当事国通过法律已经解决。
（参考2）按照旧金山和平条约的规定进行战后赔偿的例子
i. 向菲律宾和越南分别支付了5亿5000 万美元（1980亿日元）和3900万美元（140亿4000万日元）的赔偿。
ii. 作为对战俘的赔偿，日本向国际红十字会支付了450万英镑（约45亿4109万日元）。
iii. 日本放弃海外财产（约236亿8100万美元：约相当于3794亿9900万日元）
（参考3）个别和平条约规定的进行战后处理的例子
i. 向缅甸和印度尼西亚分别支付2亿美元（720亿日元）和2亿2308万美元（803亿880万日元）。
ii. 苏联：日苏共同宣言（1956年）
iii.苏联放弃向日本提出的所有赔偿要求，日苏双方相互放弃由于战争的结果而提出的所有要求。
Q4. 既然政府间的赔偿已经得到了解决，是不是受害者个人的索求权要另当别论？
1. 战争结束后，我国与各相关国家一并处理了赔偿及财产、索求权的问题。那时，也一并处理了个人索求权的问题。例如，旧金山和平条约中规定，联合国的国民及日本国国民对对方国家及其国民的请求权都已被放弃。
2. 关于个人的索求权问题，在旧金山和平条约和两国间的和平条约与当事国之间，在法律上都得到了解决。
Q5. 日本政府如何看待“从军慰安妇问题”？
1. 日本政府认识到所谓的从军慰安妇问题伤害了许多女性的名誉和尊严。并且，政府一直向那些经历了很多痛苦，身心都受到了难以治愈的伤害的所有从军慰安妇们，表示衷心的道歉和反省。
2. 包括这个问题在内与上次大战相关的赔偿、财产、索求权等问题都从法律上得到了解决，但是政府为了救助那些已成为高龄者的原慰安妇们的现实生活问题，一直尽最大努力协助向原慰安妇们支付“补偿金”、实施医疗、福利援助的亚洲女性基金。
Q6. 日本总理大臣参拜靖国神社是为了将过去的殖民统治和侵略正当化？
1. 就自己参拜靖国神社一事，小泉总理表示，“我参拜的目的是为了向明治维新以来，我国历史上那些迫不得已而告别家人，为国捐躯的所有人表示衷心的哀悼。日本今天的和平与繁荣是建立在众多战死者的值得敬重的牺牲之上。今后，坚守和平，坚持遵守再也不发动悲惨战争的誓言是非常重要的。”这显然不是为了将过去的殖民统治和侵略正当化。
2. 另外，小泉总理还在2005年8月15日的谈话中和2005年4月22日的亚非首脑会议上表示，我国曾经通过殖民统治和侵略，给许多国家、特别是亚洲国家人民造成了巨大损害和痛苦。我国谦虚地对待这一历史事实，时刻铭记深刻反省和由衷的歉意。第二次世界大战以后，我国一贯坚持只做经济大国，不做军事大国，和平解决一切问题的立场，再次向国际社会清楚地表明了我国对与二战相关的历史的认识。
（参考4）日本政府关于小泉总理参拜靖国神社的基本立场（05.10.25）
Q7. 日本的历史教科书受到了其他国家的批评，它是怎样制定的？
1. 在日本，民间出版社将作为教科书的著作、编纂的图书提交给文部科学省。在文部科学省经过由专家组成的审议会的审议，审定其作为教科书是否合适。
2. 教科书必须按照学校教育大纲的基准，即学习指导要领进行编纂。在此基础上，民间出版社将具体的内容、叙述的方法等委托给执笔者。
3. 特别是在历史教科书的审定上，国家并不是站在一个确定的历史认识和历史事实的立场上进行审定的。而是参照审定时的一些客观的学术成果和准确的资料，指出叙述欠缺的地方。
4.也就是说，在审定中，如果申请的图书中出现明显的错误和有失公正的叙述，文部科学省会在此附上意见。但这些意见不是对记述内容作具体的指示，也无法对执笔者的基本历史认识进行修改，更不能要求提起某些特定的历史事件等。
5. 因此，不能说每种历史教科书的历史认识和历史观都与政府的看法一致。
Q8. 日本政府怎样看待“南京大屠杀“？
1. 日本政府认为，无法否认日军在进入南京（1937年）以后，杀害了很多非战斗人员和掠夺行为等的事实。
2. 但是，关于受害者的具体人数却有很多说法，日本政府认为很难认定哪些数据是准确的。
3. 日本坦率认识到：在过去的一段时期，由于殖民统治和侵略，给很多国家，尤其是亚洲各国的人民带来了巨大的损害和痛苦。我们会把深刻的反省和衷心的道歉时刻铭记于心，决心不再发动战争，走和平的道路。
Q9. 日本政府怎样看待远东国际军事审判？
1. 远东国际军事审判（东京审判）是战后联合国为了对日本的重要战犯进行判决而设置的法庭。有28人因危害和平罪和违反人道主义罪等罪名被起诉。除病死和免予起诉以外的人以外，其余25人都被判有罪。
2. 日本知道关于这次审判有各种议论。但我国认为，我国在国与国的关系中，按照旧金山和平条约第11条的规定，接受了远东国际军事法庭的判决，因此我国不再就此次审判发表异议的立场。
Q10. 与德国相比，日本解决过去问题的工作不够？
1. 日德两国都诚实地对待“过去的问题”。
2. 另一方面，德国与日本在二战中发生了什么，以及在什么样的状况下进行战后处理等这些历史经过完全不同。例如，日本依据当时国际社会能够接受的一般方式，按照旧金山和平条约等，与当事国之间一并处理了赔偿等问题。我国了解到德国在战后被分为东、西两部分，因此没能像我国一样一并处理国家间的赔偿等问题，采取了个人补偿的方式。
3. 像上面所述，日本与德国分别以不同的方式进行战后处理，因此，不能简单地比较和评价两国的态度。
小泉总理参拜靖国神社的基本立场
2005年10月25日
小泉总理坚定地认为今天日本的和平与稳定，来自于阵亡者尊贵的牺牲。总理对那些为了祖国而违背心愿地奔赴战场并献出了生命的人们怀有衷心的哀悼、尊敬及感谢的心情，同时深切体会守护那些阵亡者们所无法看到的今天日本的和平与繁荣的重要性，带着不战之诺，仅以一个国民的立场，而非以总理大臣的职务去参拜靖国神社。
认为小泉总理参拜靖国神社是试图美化过去的军国主义的观点是错误的。总理曾经明确表示，参拜靖国神社是为了表示对阵亡者的敬意和谢意，并不是为了参拜甲级战犯。他同时明确表示，日本接受了远东国际军事法庭审判的结果。小泉总理承认，“我国由于殖民统治和侵略给许多国家，特别是给亚洲各国的人民带来了巨大损失和痛苦”。他同时多次表示，应该“谦虚地对待这一历史事实，时刻铭记深刻的反省和由衷的歉意”，日本“珍视同世界各国的信任关系，决心为世界的和平与繁荣做出贡献”等。小泉总理在今年4月份的亚非会议的演说中，向世界表明了这一观点，而且在战后60周年的8月份，以总理谈话的形式对该观点进行了阐述。
现在的东亚逐步得到了成为世界上少有的发达地区的机会。将来形成东亚共同体也成为共同的课题。在这一历史转折点上，日本决心为东亚的未来做出建设性的贡献。为此 ，日本十分重视与包括中国、韩国在内的亚洲邻国之间的友好合作关系。日本已经在战后的60年中以行动表明了这一立场。今后将进一步加强与各邻国的关系，为东亚地区的和平与稳定做出贡献，是日本最重要的政策之一。
本法官（编者）裁定，作为一个中国人，日本所持立场纯属强词教鞭。一审中方获胜。
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Plants are wonderful: They give us food to eat, air to breathe and don't ask for much in return.
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Necromantic energy washes over a creature of your choice that you can see within range, draining moisture and vitality from it. The target must make a Constitution saving throw. The target takes 8d8 necrotic damage on a failed save, or half as much damage on a successful one. This spell has no effect on undead or constructs.
If you target a plant creature or a magical plant, it makes the saving throw with disadvantage, and the spell deals maximum damage to it.
If you target a nonmagical plant that isn't a creature, such as a tree or shrub, it doesn't make a saving throw; it simply withers and dies.
At Higher Levels. When you cast this spell using a spell slot of 5th level or higher, the damage increases by 1d8 for each slot level above 4th.


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