Cathy McLaurin: Temporal Identities
Becoming
My experience growing up in the rural South serves as a rich repository of memories and inspiration for the construction of my work, which uses personal history to explore fleeting things in order to allow moments of ontological and spiritual "vulnerability" to be shared by others. These shared and unpredictable actions give form to the transience of experience, specifically, that of loss and the gap between memory and desire. These situations work in a lingering way, rather than an instant way, allowing for a philosophical pondering of meaning. The emotional charge of my work exists in its ability to create transforming experiences within brief, sometimes absurd acts that draw attention to the significance of common actions or objects, allowing others to form their own story in response to what they have witnessed.
Hybrid is a series of drawings in which animals combine with the bodies of young girls to form unique beings like no other. They are ugly, charming, odd, homely, suspended in a mysterious state of becoming. The video, Becoming, portrays a similar mysterious state, but here I am the human part and common office-issued transparent tape is the mechanism by which I transform- and then un-transform - my own body into a hybrid state, allowing for multiple interpretations of the results of this action. This private action, carried out only a few times in front of the mirror, and then "performed" for the camera, raises a complex range of emotions from fear to empathy to sorrow.
Still from "Becoming" Video


Your monitor-spy for Reddit. Periodically scan communities for new posts and save to database.
Total Posts Recorded
Avg. Posts Per Day
Avg. Sentiment
Keyword Stats
Latest Posts
Latest Videos
Latest Images


Previous article: Worked Example - 5 communicate
Introduction
This piece of text accompanies the codebase of a mini project on web-scarping and text analysis. The mini project aims at providing a variation to the themes we have covered until now:
- First, instead of downloading a ready dataset, we scrap a web page and collect the data we want.
- Second, the main part of dataset is textual and we use different kinds of algorithms.
Our mini project has three, conceptual, parts:
- The scraper that scrapes off the data from web pages
- The database that holds the scraped data
- And the analytics engine, where the data reveals its secrets...
This page, that describes the project and discusses some of its technical aspects, along with comments inserted in the code, should give an understanding of how the code works and why it is written that way. The next three sections correspond to the three conceptual parts described previously, and we shall see each one in turn.
Introducing Scrapy
This is the part responsible for collecting the data from the web. These programs are usually called web-scrapers and the part that goes from a web page to the next, is also called a spider. The main principles of their operation are the following:
- Ask for and get a web page from the Internet
- Parse the content of the web page and get out the desired data
- Route the scraped data to a means of data persistence
- Repeat for as long as there are links to follow
We are using a Python framework dedicated to web-crawling, named Scrapy (version 1.6.0). This framework hides away a lot of the details, making it easier to get started with crawling the web, yet at the same time is powerful enough to be used in industrial software projects. Scrapy was chosen over Selenium and BeautifulSoup, two other similar Python frameworks, mostly because it can handle large projects, while also being user friendly.
For more details and the documentation of Scrapy visit the docs
What lies at the heart of the Scrapy work-flow is the concept of a "scrapy project", that when initiated most of the necessary code is automatically created and organised in a folder and a couple of sub-folders; in our case these are found in "scraping_project/wikipedia1" and "scraping_project/wikipedia2". Here is a list of the main files that define a project:
- settings.py: it controls all the commonly used settings for a project, like the name of the project, the speed to send page requests to a site, etc.
- spiders/spider_name.py: the central piece that defines how the crawler will move from page to page, how it will parse the pages, etc.
- items.py: in that we define the structure of the container the spider will use to collect and save the parsed data
- pipelines.py: finally, this file controls the way the spider will send the "item" it has collected, to a file on disk, or a database, etc.
Our mini project: the scraper
In our case we have two small scrapy projects, with their spiders. The target to scrape is wikipedia. In particular, from a page with a list of companies in Italy, spider1 gets the name, industry, sector, headquarter location, foundation year, along with the url of the company's page in wikipedia. Spider2 then, uses the list of urls, visits these pages one by one, and scrapes all the text (relevant to the firm) from each page. All the pieces of data are being saved into a document database, and this brings us to the second part...
Introducing TinyDB!
Databases are used in order to store, process and retrieve data, in ways more complex and sophisticated than what a simple file system could do. By the term we mean the file where the data physically reside, along the software systems that we use in order to perform the actions we want. In our case we have chosen to use TinyDB!, a serverless document-oriented database. Let us see what these terms mean.
Usually database systems are build around the concept of client-server architecture, where the application is build in two parts, that communicate using network protocols - even inside one machine. TinyDB! is a single application, which makes it easier to set up and use.
Document databases, belong to the NoSQL kind. Document stands for a record the database that can have many fields, that can also be nested. That means, that we can store data of arbitrary complexity in such a system, while it is also possible that each record has a different structure. In contrast, relational databases need a predefined structure, and can have trouble handling heterogeneous data.
For our purposes a document database system with its flexibility is more suitable to hold scraped data. Note for example, that our two spiders, got different kinds of data from the pages they visited; with as relational database system we would have to declare in advance, once for each spider, the structure of the data. Additionally, TinyDB! has the advantage of being native to Python and can be used with a simple Python command. Of course, for a larger project, a more sophisticated system, such as MongoDB, should be used.
Our mini project: the database
For our project, the database is represented by the two json files found in the codebase folder. Each file is created and populated with data, by each of our two spiders. wikipeida1_db.json holds the data from the list of Italian firms, name, industry, sector, headquarter location, foundation year, along with the url of the company's page in wikipedia. wikipeida2_db.json holds the url along all the text of the company's wikipedia site. As a final step, we join the site text, to the rest of the company's data, and we get our main dataset that we will use for analysis...
The analytics part
Once we have a dataset, we can start with the analytics part. Of course, in practice even before a single line of code gets written, we do have an idea of what are we looking for. These questions determine, to a large extent, the data we are after and the techniques to employ for its analysis. In this mini project, we want to collect textual data and perform any kind of text data analysis with it.
The main tool we are going to use is the Jupyter Notebook, an interactive, web based application that can run Python code, generate graphs and share the results of the analysis.
The work flow of an analytics project, once the cleaned data set is in place, has roughly two phases. First we explore the data in order to gain an initial understanding about it, and then we build the model, statistical, or machine learning, etc, that we believe can answer the question we have.
For this part we have made use of the Python scientific computing ecosystem, that includes NumPy for numerical computations, Pandas for handling and wrangling data, NLTK for the processing of out textual data, and SciPy for the algorithms we used for building our data model.
What we have found out
The figure below is a small example of the process of turning data into insights. What we see is the number of currently existing firms founded in Italy, per year, since 1750.
The relevant Wikipedia page contains a table with data for each firm. We managed to automatically get the data, store it, manipulate it, and transform the raw data into insights. This graph, for example, gives us a quick view of an aspect of the economic history of Italy. There was a boom in the birth of firms right after WWII, a slowdown during the 80's that was a time of economic crisis for Italy, etc. We should keep in mind that once we have the infrastructure ready, we can easily get much more data and insights. Wikipedia has pages listing the firms for many coutries, while our scraper, database, and analytics tools can capture and handle all that data.
That is quite something indeed, isn't it?
Sources:
- You can find all the relevant material for this mini project, at the GitHub repository
- Take a look, too, at all the code, in the Jupyter Notebook


54 (1998) A Film Review by Ted Prigge Copyright 1998 Ted Prigge
Writer/Director: Mark Christopher Starring: Ryan Phllippe, Salma Hayek, Breckin Meyer, Mike Myers, Neve Campbell, Sela Ward, Heather Matarazzo, Sherry Stringfield, Ellen Albertini Dow, Lauren Hutton, Michael York, Jared Haris, Art Garfunkel, Peter Bogdonovich
Studio 54 attracted so many weird and bizarre people to its gates that it's a wonder why the film about the life and death of the Studio centers itself on one very boring, cliched individual, not to mention an ensemble of people who wouldn't be at all fascinating unless they worked at the Studio, which they did according to this film. Are we supposed to believe that out of all the strange folk who populated the Studio nightly, that a character who is a bland ripoff of Tony Manero would really make a good protagonist for the film about it?
"54" belongs in the elite group of films known as "The Big Disappointments": the films that attain so much hype and/or so much potential in its creation that they come off worse than they are when they are finally finished. I was heavily awaiting "54," not the least because I've become fascinated with the infamous club, which has been the subject of an engrossing documentary that's been running all summer on VH1, which is, weirdly enough, much more intriguing and engrossing than this "edgy" film.
Perhaps more importantly, "54" is part of the blossoming subgenre, "The 70s Nostalgia Film," which has been picking up mighty steam, what with "Boogie Nights" and "The Last Days of Disco" coming out within the year, and both being such damn good movies that not only captured the feel of a certain time period (the late 70s party and the early 80s wakeup period), but brought us interesting and real characters, like Scotty, the tragically gay boom mike operator from "Boogie Nights," and Charlotte, the ironically clueless and bitchy co-protagonist from "The Last Days of Disco," not to mention several others.
"54" deals not so much with the timeline of the Studio (how it began, how it was run, how it ended) - that's all dealt with in the narrated opening and finale - but more interested in the characters who populated it. This is a definite plus. Here's a film that could have been a fascinating 2 hour plus film about the tragic people who went there to party, and had to wakeup in the 80s when things like diseases, economy problems, and perhaps worst of all, Reagan, all hit and forced everyone into a rude awakening. The story of the studio is tragedy in itself: let's look at how it all affected the people.
But this film doesn't let that happen. It gives us a half-assed protagonist named Shane O'Shea (Ryan Phillippe, from "I Know What You Did Last Summer"), who's chief character trait is the fact that he's from New Jersey, which also happens to be his chief character flaw (I guess). He's dim-witted, into being part of "the scene," and soon finds he's become a bit of a rave amongst the Studio regulars...a bit like "Saturday Night Fever," 'cept no Travolta and no real interest put into him. Poor, poor Phillippe struggles to make him interesting, but all he is a half-assed character and not at all our ticket to the glimpse of the decadence going on inside the club that he could have been.
Shane begins to hang out with some other denizens of the club, like Anita (Salma Hayek), a wannabe Donna Sommers, and her young hubby, Greg Randanzo (Breckin Meyer, from "Clueless"), who helps Shane become a bartender and rise to a bit of fame. Although he begins to get somewhere when he sleeps with the foxy Billie Auster (Sela Ward), an exec of sorts, he falls in lust with a soap star named Julie Black (Neve Campbell), and thus the boring romance subplot that's all too not necessarily important to anything else in the film and never really becomes interesting at any point in the film.
The film's sole point of interest and one major strongpoint is the all-too necesary personage of Steve Rubell, played by Mike Myers (you heard me). Rubell, the famous head of the Studio acted as if he never stopped partying ever, and is an easy metaphor for the life and times of his creation, but the film, thanks to a surprisingly strong performance by Myers, makes him out to be more than that. Notice the scenes sole shocking scene, where he tries to get felatio from one of his male employees in turn for a promotion: Myers brings the humanity to Rubell in this scene, and a couple others, that some of us who've only seen him on TV never saw, and proves to be perhaps the one aspect of Studio 54 that this film actually nails.
First time feature director Mark Christopher proves that he's a better director than a writer, though not too terribly much. His story is trite and shallow, as are his characters, and his direction is shockingly flat, especially for a film about this subject. It's as if he had a great story to tell, but instead opted for the easier route. The Studio's recreation is amazingly accurate, though, and very impressive, but his direction is never captivating enough. Some people say that a film does its job if it makes you want to visit the locale it takes place in (despite the film's tone, I still want to go to Rome and its many nightclubs after I saw Fellini's "La Dolce Vita"), and when I watched "54," I didn't particularly want to stay.
MY RATING (out of 4): *1/2
Homepage at: http://www.geocities.com/Hollywood/Hills/8335/
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


js_template3.htm
A page with which to begin form validation projects.
(*required)
*
Name:
*
Email:
How Did You Hear About Us?

New Website
Website Redesign
Special Application
Complimentary Lollipops
Other
Would You Like To Join Our Mailing List?
Yes
No
Comments:


- writing amazing content and letting others upvote it
- generating and participating in discussions by writing comments. Others may upvote it!
- creating premium stories that require others to pay BitCoin to unlock them
Join our Telegram or follow us on Twitter for the most recent updates!
Explore Honest


@(user: models.users.User)
@import models.shopping._
@import models.products._
@main("About Us!", user) {
Welcome to DRM Furniture
On our website you will find the latest furniture for purchase.
If you have any queries feel free to Contact Us or visit our User Manual
Thank you for visiting our site
}


Session Library¶
The Session class permits you to maintain a user’s “state” and track their activity while they browse your site.
CodeIgniter comes with a few session storage drivers, that you can see in the last section of the table of contents:
Using the Session Class¶
Initializing a Session¶
Sessions will typically run globally with each page load, so the Session class should be magically initialized.
To access and initialize the session:
$session = \Config\Services::session($config);
The $config
parameter is optional - your application configuration.
If not provided, the services register will instantiate your default
one.
Once loaded, the Sessions library object will be available using:
$session
Alternatively, you can use the helper function that will use the default configuration options. This version is a little friendlier to read, but does not take any configuration options.
$session = session();
How do Sessions work?¶
When a page is loaded, the session class will check to see if a valid session cookie is sent by the user’s browser. If a sessions cookie does not exist (or if it doesn’t match one stored on the server or has expired) a new session will be created and saved.
If a valid session does exist, its information will be updated. With each update, the session ID may be regenerated if configured to do so.
It’s important for you to understand that once initialized, the Session class runs automatically. There is nothing you need to do to cause the above behavior to happen. You can, as you’ll see below, work with session data, but the process of reading, writing, and updating a session is automatic.
Note
Under CLI, the Session library will automatically halt itself, as this is a concept based entirely on the HTTP protocol.
A note about concurrency¶
Unless you’re developing a website with heavy AJAX usage, you can skip this section. If you are, however, and if you’re experiencing performance issues, then this note is exactly what you’re looking for.
Sessions in previous versions of CodeIgniter didn’t implement locking, which meant that two HTTP requests using the same session could run exactly at the same time. To use a more appropriate technical term - requests were non-blocking.
However, non-blocking requests in the context of sessions also means unsafe, because, modifications to session data (or session ID regeneration) in one request can interfere with the execution of a second, concurrent request. This detail was at the root of many issues and the main reason why CodeIgniter 4 has a completely re-written Session library.
Why are we telling you this? Because it is likely that after trying to find the reason for your performance issues, you may conclude that locking is the issue and therefore look into how to remove the locks …
DO NOT DO THAT! Removing locks would be wrong and it will cause you more problems!
Locking is not the issue, it is a solution. Your issue is that you still have the session open, while you’ve already processed it and therefore no longer need it. So, what you need is to close the session for the current request after you no longer need it.
$session->destroy();
What is Session Data?¶
Session data is simply an array associated with a particular session ID (cookie).
If you’ve used sessions in PHP before, you should be familiar with PHP’s $_SESSION superglobal (if not, please read the content on that link).
CodeIgniter gives access to its session data through the same means, as it
uses the session handlers’ mechanism provided by PHP. Using session data is
as simple as manipulating (read, set and unset values) the $_SESSION
array.
In addition, CodeIgniter also provides 2 special types of session data that are further explained below: flashdata and tempdata.
Retrieving Session Data¶
Any piece of information from the session array is available through the
$_SESSION
superglobal:
$_SESSION['item']
Or through the conventional accessor method:
$session->get('item');
Or through the magic getter:
$session->item
Or even through the session helper method:
session('item');
Where item
is the array key corresponding to the item you wish to fetch.
For example, to assign a previously stored ‘name’ item to the $name
variable, you will do this:
$name = $_SESSION['name'];
// or:
$name = $session->name
// or:
$name = $session->get('name');
Note
The get()
method returns NULL if the item you are trying
to access does not exist.
If you want to retrieve all of the existing userdata, you can simply omit the item key (magic getter only works for single property values):
$_SESSION
// or:
$session->get();
Adding Session Data¶
Let’s say a particular user logs into your site. Once authenticated, you could add their username and e-mail address to the session, making that data globally available to you without having to run a database query when you need it.
You can simply assign data to the $_SESSION
array, as with any other
variable. Or as a property of $session
.
The former userdata method is deprecated,
but you can pass an array containing your new session data to the
set()
method:
$session->set($array);
Where $array
is an associative array containing your new data. Here’s
an example:
$newdata = [
'username' => 'johndoe',
'email' =><EMAIL_ADDRESS>'logged_in' => TRUE
];
$session->set($newdata);
If you want to add session data one value at a time, set()
also
supports this syntax:
$session->set('some_name', 'some_value');
If you want to verify that a session value exists, simply check with
isset()
:
// returns FALSE if the 'some_name' item doesn't exist or is NULL,
// TRUE otherwise:
isset($_SESSION['some_name'])
Or you can call has()
:
$session->has('some_name');
Pushing new value to session data¶
The push method is used to push a new value onto a session value that is an array. For instance, if the ‘hobbies’ key contains an array of hobbies, you can add a new value onto the array like so:
$session->push('hobbies', ['sport'=>'tennis']);
Removing Session Data¶
Just as with any other variable, unsetting a value in $_SESSION
can be
done through unset()
:
unset($_SESSION['some_name']);
// or multiple values:
unset(
$_SESSION['some_name'],
$_SESSION['another_name']
);
Also, just as set()
can be used to add information to a
session, remove()
can be used to remove it, by passing the
session key. For example, if you wanted to remove ‘some_name’ from your
session data array:
$session->remove('some_name');
This method also accepts an array of item keys to unset:
$array_items = ['username', 'email'];
$session->remove($array_items);
Flashdata¶
CodeIgniter supports “flashdata”, or session data that will only be available for the next request, and is then automatically cleared.
This can be very useful, especially for one-time informational, error or status messages (for example: “Record 2 deleted”).
It should be noted that flashdata variables are regular session variables, managed inside the CodeIgniter session handler.
To mark an existing item as “flashdata”:
$session->markAsFlashdata('item');
If you want to mark multiple items as flashdata, simply pass the keys as an array:
$session->markAsFlashdata(['item', 'item2']);
To add flashdata:
$_SESSION['item'] = 'value';
$session->markAsFlashdata('item');
Or alternatively, using the setFlashdata()
method:
$session->setFlashdata('item', 'value');
You can also pass an array to setFlashdata()
, in the same manner as
set()
.
Reading flashdata variables is the same as reading regular session data
through $_SESSION
:
$_SESSION['item']
Important
The get()
method WILL return flashdata items when
retrieving a single item by key. It will not return flashdata when
grabbing all userdata from the session, however.
However, if you want to be sure that you’re reading “flashdata” (and not
any other kind), you can also use the getFlashdata()
method:
$session->getFlashdata('item');
Or to get an array with all flashdata, simply omit the key parameter:
$session->getFlashdata();
Note
The getFlashdata()
method returns NULL if the item cannot be
found.
If you find that you need to preserve a flashdata variable through an
additional request, you can do so using the keepFlashdata()
method.
You can either pass a single item or an array of flashdata items to keep.
$session->keepFlashdata('item');
$session->keepFlashdata(['item1', 'item2', 'item3']);
Tempdata¶
CodeIgniter also supports “tempdata”, or session data with a specific expiration time. After the value expires, or the session expires or is deleted, the value is automatically removed.
Similarly to flashdata, tempdata variables are managed internally by the CodeIgniter session handler.
To mark an existing item as “tempdata”, simply pass its key and expiry time
(in seconds!) to the markAsTempdata()
method:
// 'item' will be erased after 300 seconds
$session->markAsTempdata('item', 300);
You can mark multiple items as tempdata in two ways, depending on whether you want them all to have the same expiry time or not:
// Both 'item' and 'item2' will expire after 300 seconds
$session->markAsTempdata(['item', 'item2'], 300);
// 'item' will be erased after 300 seconds, while 'item2'
// will do so after only 240 seconds
$session->markAsTempdata([
'item' => 300,
'item2' => 240
]);
To add tempdata:
$_SESSION['item'] = 'value';
$session->markAsTempdata('item', 300); // Expire in 5 minutes
Or alternatively, using the setTempdata()
method:
$session->setTempdata('item', 'value', 300);
You can also pass an array to setTempdata()
:
$tempdata = ['newuser' => TRUE, 'message' => 'Thanks for joining!'];
$session->setTempdata($tempdata, NULL, $expire);
Note
If the expiration is omitted or set to 0, the default time-to-live value of 300 seconds (or 5 minutes) will be used.
To read a tempdata variable, again you can just access it through the
$_SESSION
superglobal array:
$_SESSION['item']
Important
The get()
method WILL return tempdata items when
retrieving a single item by key. It will not return tempdata when
grabbing all userdata from the session, however.
Or if you want to be sure that you’re reading “tempdata” (and not any
other kind), you can also use the getTempdata()
method:
$session->getTempdata('item');
And of course, if you want to retrieve all existing tempdata:
$session->getTempdata();
Note
The getTempdata()
method returns NULL if the item cannot be
found.
If you need to remove a tempdata value before it expires, you can directly
unset it from the $_SESSION
array:
unset($_SESSION['item']);
However, this won’t remove the marker that makes this specific item to be
tempdata (it will be invalidated on the next HTTP request), so if you
intend to reuse that same key in the same request, you’d want to use
removeTempdata()
:
$session->removeTempdata('item');
Destroying a Session¶
To clear the current session (for example, during a logout), you may
simply use either PHP’s session_destroy()
function, or the library’s destroy()
method. Both will work in exactly the
same way:
session_destroy();
// or
$session->destroy();
Note
This must be the last session-related operation that you do during the same request. All session data (including flashdata and tempdata) will be destroyed permanently and functions will be unusable during the same request after you destroy the session.
You may also use the stop()
method to completely kill the session
by removing the old session_id, destroying all data, and destroying
the cookie that contained the session id:
$session->stop();
Accessing session metadata¶
In previous CodeIgniter versions, the session data array included 4 items by default: ‘session_id’, ‘ip_address’, ‘user_agent’, ‘last_activity’.
This was due to the specifics of how sessions worked, but is now no longer necessary with our new implementation. However, it may happen that your application relied on these values, so here are alternative methods of accessing them:
- session_id:
session_id()
- ip_address:
$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']
- user_agent:
$_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']
(unused by sessions)- last_activity: Depends on the storage, no straightforward way. Sorry!
Session Preferences¶
CodeIgniter will usually make everything work out of the box. However, Sessions are a very sensitive component of any application, so some careful configuration must be done. Please take your time to consider all of the options and their effects.
You’ll find the following Session related preferences in your app/Config/App.php file:
| Preference | Default | Options | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| sessionDriver | CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\FileHandler | CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\FileHandler CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\DatabaseHandler CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\MemcachedHandler CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\RedisHandler CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\ArrayHandler | The session storage driver to use. |
| sessionCookieName | ci_session | [A-Za-z_-] characters only | The name used for the session cookie. |
| sessionExpiration | 7200 (2 hours) | Time in seconds (integer) | The number of seconds you would like the session to last. If you would like a non-expiring session (until browser is closed) set the value to zero: 0 |
| sessionSavePath | NULL | None | Specifies the storage location, depends on the driver being used. |
| sessionMatchIP | FALSE | TRUE/FALSE (boolean) | Whether to validate the user’s IP address when reading the session cookie. Note that some ISPs dynamically changes the IP, so if you want a non-expiring session you will likely set this to FALSE. |
| sessionTimeToUpdate | 300 | Time in seconds (integer) | This option controls how often the session class will regenerate itself and create a new session ID. Setting it to 0 will disable session ID regeneration. |
| sessionRegenerateDestroy | FALSE | TRUE/FALSE (boolean) | Whether to destroy session data associated with the old session ID when auto-regenerating the session ID. When set to FALSE, the data will be later deleted by the garbage collector. |
Note
As a last resort, the Session library will try to fetch PHP’s session related INI settings, as well as legacy CI settings such as ‘sess_expire_on_close’ when any of the above is not configured. However, you should never rely on this behavior as it can cause unexpected results or be changed in the future. Please configure everything properly.
In addition to the values above, the cookie and native drivers apply the following configuration values shared by the IncomingRequest and Security classes:
| Preference | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|
| cookieDomain | ‘’ | The domain for which the session is applicable |
| cookiePath | / | The path to which the session is applicable |
| cookieSecure | FALSE | Whether to create the session cookie only on encrypted (HTTPS) connections |
| cookieSameSite | Lax | The SameSite setting for the session cookie |
Note
The ‘cookieHTTPOnly’ setting doesn’t have an effect on sessions. Instead the HttpOnly parameter is always enabled, for security reasons. Additionally, the ‘cookiePrefix’ setting is completely ignored.
Session Drivers¶
As already mentioned, the Session library comes with 4 handlers, or storage engines, that you can use:
- CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\FileHandler
- CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\DatabaseHandler
- CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\MemcachedHandler
- CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\RedisHandler
- CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\ArrayHandler
By default, the FileHandler
Driver will be used when a session is initialized,
because it is the safest choice and is expected to work everywhere
(virtually every environment has a file system).
However, any other driver may be selected via the public $sessionDriver
line in your app/Config/App.php file, if you chose to do so.
Have it in mind though, every driver has different caveats, so be sure to
get yourself familiar with them (below) before you make that choice.
Note
The ArrayHandler is used during testing and stores all data within a PHP array, while preventing the data from being persisted.
FileHandler Driver (the default)¶
The ‘FileHandler’ driver uses your file system for storing session data.
It can safely be said that it works exactly like PHP’s own default session implementation, but in case this is an important detail for you, have it mind that it is in fact not the same code and it has some limitations (and advantages).
To be more specific, it doesn’t support PHP’s directory level and mode
formats used in session.save_path,
and it has most of the options hard-coded for safety. Instead, only
absolute paths are supported for public $sessionSavePath
.
Another important thing that you should know, is to make sure that you don’t use a publicly-readable or shared directory for storing your session files. Make sure that only you have access to see the contents of your chosen sessionSavePath directory. Otherwise, anybody who can do that, can also steal any of the current sessions (also known as “session fixation” attack).
On UNIX-like operating systems, this is usually achieved by setting the 0700 mode permissions on that directory via the chmod command, which allows only the directory’s owner to perform read and write operations on it. But be careful because the system user running the script is usually not your own, but something like ‘www-data’ instead, so only setting those permissions will probably break your application.
Instead, you should do something like this, depending on your environment
mkdir /<path to your application directory>/Writable/sessions/
chmod 0700 /<path to your application directory>/Writable/sessions/
chown www-data /<path to your application directory>/Writable/sessions/
Bonus Tip¶
Some of you will probably opt to choose another session driver because file storage is usually slower. This is only half true.
A very basic test will probably trick you into believing that an SQL database is faster, but in 99% of the cases, this is only true while you only have a few current sessions. As the sessions count and server loads increase - which is the time when it matters - the file system will consistently outperform almost all relational database setups.
In addition, if performance is your only concern, you may want to look into using tmpfs, (warning: external resource), which can make your sessions blazing fast.
DatabaseHandler Driver¶
The ‘DatabaseHandler’ driver uses a relational database such as MySQL or PostgreSQL to store sessions. This is a popular choice among many users, because it allows the developer easy access to the session data within an application - it is just another table in your database.
However, there are some conditions that must be met:
- You can NOT use a persistent connection.
In order to use the ‘DatabaseHandler’ session driver, you must also create this
table that we already mentioned and then set it as your
$sessionSavePath
value.
For example, if you would like to use ‘ci_sessions’ as your table name,
you would do this:
public $sessionDriver = 'CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\DatabaseHandler';
public $sessionSavePath = 'ci_sessions';
And then of course, create the database table …
For MySQL:
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `ci_sessions` (
`id` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
`ip_address` varchar(45) NOT NULL,
`timestamp` int(10) unsigned DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,
`data` blob NOT NULL,
KEY `ci_sessions_timestamp` (`timestamp`)
);
For PostgreSQL:
CREATE TABLE "ci_sessions" (
"id" varchar(128) NOT NULL,
"ip_address" varchar(45) NOT NULL,
"timestamp" bigint DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,
"data" text DEFAULT '' NOT NULL
);
CREATE INDEX "ci_sessions_timestamp" ON "ci_sessions" ("timestamp");
You will also need to add a PRIMARY KEY depending on your ‘sessionMatchIP’ setting. The examples below work both on MySQL and PostgreSQL:
// When sessionMatchIP = TRUE
ALTER TABLE ci_sessions ADD PRIMARY KEY (id, ip_address);
// When sessionMatchIP = FALSE
ALTER TABLE ci_sessions ADD PRIMARY KEY (id);
// To drop a previously created primary key (use when changing the setting)
ALTER TABLE ci_sessions DROP PRIMARY KEY;
You can choose the Database group to use by adding a new line to the applicationConfigApp.php file with the name of the group to use:
public $sessionDBGroup = 'groupName';
If you’d rather not do all of this by hand, you can use the session:migration
command
from the cli to generate a migration file for you:
> php spark session:migration
> php spark migrate
This command will take the sessionSavePath and sessionMatchIP settings into account when it generates the code.
Important
Only MySQL and PostgreSQL databases are officially
supported, due to lack of advisory locking mechanisms on other
platforms. Using sessions without locks can cause all sorts of
problems, especially with heavy usage of AJAX, and we will not
support such cases. Use session_write_close()
after you’ve
done processing session data if you’re having performance
issues.
RedisHandler Driver¶
Note
Since Redis doesn’t have a locking mechanism exposed, locks for this driver are emulated by a separate value that is kept for up to 300 seconds.
Redis is a storage engine typically used for caching and popular because of its high performance, which is also probably your reason to use the ‘RedisHandler’ session driver.
The downside is that it is not as ubiquitous as relational databases and requires the phpredis PHP extension to be installed on your system, and that one doesn’t come bundled with PHP. Chances are, you’re only be using the RedisHandler driver only if you’re already both familiar with Redis and using it for other purposes.
Just as with the ‘FileHandler’ and ‘DatabaseHandler’ drivers, you must also configure
the storage location for your sessions via the
$sessionSavePath
setting.
The format here is a bit different and complicated at the same time. It is
best explained by the phpredis extension’s README file, so we’ll simply
link you to it:
Warning
CodeIgniter’s Session library does NOT use the actual ‘redis’
session.save_handler
. Take note only of the path format in
the link above.
For the most common case however, a simple host:port
pair should be
sufficient:
public $sessionDiver = 'CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\RedisHandler';
public $sessionSavePath = 'tcp://localhost:6379';
MemcachedHandler Driver¶
Note
Since Memcached doesn’t have a locking mechanism exposed, locks for this driver are emulated by a separate value that is kept for up to 300 seconds.
The ‘MemcachedHandler’ driver is very similar to the ‘RedisHandler’ one in all of its properties, except perhaps for availability, because PHP’s Memcached extension is distributed via PECL and some Linux distributions make it available as an easy to install package.
Other than that, and without any intentional bias towards Redis, there’s not much different to be said about Memcached - it is also a popular product that is usually used for caching and famed for its speed.
However, it is worth noting that the only guarantee given by Memcached is that setting value X to expire after Y seconds will result in it being deleted after Y seconds have passed (but not necessarily that it won’t expire earlier than that time). This happens very rarely, but should be considered as it may result in loss of sessions.
The $sessionSavePath
format is fairly straightforward here,
being just a host:port
pair:
public $sessionDriver = 'CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\MemcachedHandler';
public $sessionSavePath = 'localhost:11211';
Bonus Tip¶
Multi-server configuration with an optional weight parameter as the
third colon-separated (:weight
) value is also supported, but we have
to note that we haven’t tested if that is reliable.
If you want to experiment with this feature (on your own risk), simply separate the multiple server paths with commas:
// localhost will be given higher priority (5) here,
// compared to <IP_ADDRESS> with a weight of 1.
public $sessionSavePath = 'localhost:11211:5,<IP_ADDRESS>:11211:1';


Tracks
There are currently three types of tracks
- AudioTracks - allows the selection of alternative AudioTracks for a video
- VideoTracks - allows the selection of an alternative VideoTrack for a video
- TextTracks - Text Tracks are used to display subtitles and captions, and add a menu for navigating between chapters in a video.


{% extends "YogaApp/base.html" %} {% block content %}
Step 1: Check Availability Calendar & Choose Date/Time
Step 2: Fill Out Form
Step 3: Book & Become A Member
Step 4: Receive Email Confirmation and Payment Process


See: Description
| Interface | Description |
|---|---|
| ConnectionProvider |
Provides JDBC Connections as required.
|
| Query |
A database DML query, either update/insert or select.
|
| ResultSetMapper<T> |
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| ConnectionProviderFromContext |
Provides database connections via a JNDI lookup.
|
| ConnectionProviderFromDataSource |
Provides database connections from a
DataSource . |
| ConnectionProviderFromUrl |
Provides
Connection s from a url (using
DriverManager.getConnection()). |
| ConnectionProviderPooled |
Provides database connection pooling using HikariCP.
|
| Database |
Main entry point for manipulations of a database using rx-java-jdbc style
queries.
|
| Database.Builder |
Builds a
Database . |
| NamedParameters | |
| NamedParameters.JdbcQuery | |
| QuerySelect |
A query and its executable context.
|
| QuerySelect.Builder |
Builds a
QuerySelect . |
| QuerySelect.OperatorBuilder<R> |
Builder pattern for select query
Observable.Operator . |
| QueryUpdate<T> |
Always emits an Observable
|
| QueryUpdate.Builder |
Builds a
QueryUpdate . |
| QueryUpdate.ReturnGeneratedKeysBuilder | |
| Util |
Utility methods.
|
Copyright © 2014–2015. All rights reserved.


|
NATIVE AMERICAN |
|
TRAIL OF DEATH:after years of researching the Wicocomico Nation, it has led me to various other sources of study concerning the brutality that Native Americans suffered at the hands of the English and later the United States.These stories will not be found in our history books and if by some chance one is found in the history books, it will be written so that it would be difficult to realize it was the same story. Our children were brought up on the story of Pocohantas and how understanding the English were. When stories of this nature are read, many people try to make excuses for the brutality that was imposed on the Native Americans. Many readers will mention the atrocities the Native Americans imposed on the English and citizens of the United States.KEEP IN MIND THIS LAND BELONGED TO THE NATIVE AMERICANS; they reacted just as any citizen would in defense of their land and family. When Indians came in contact with the Europeans ( Spanish,French,English) it was a disaster for the Indians in the form of out right slaughter, or through diseases which the Indians were not immune to. I believe that is sufficient enough to make the Indians wary of the Europeans. When the English arrived to settle Jamestown, Chief Powhatan fed and kept the English alive, however after a short time it was evident the intent of the English was to steal the land in any manner possible. MILITARY CAMPAIGN AGAINST POWHATAN During the summer of 1610 in Jamestown, the Governor, Thomas West De la Warr had directed Powhatan to return several runaway Englishman. It appears Powhatan did not respond in a satisfactory manner. De la Warr felt this was sufficient reason to conduct a military campaign against Powhatan. George Percy, brother to the Earl of Northumberland and De la Warr's second in command headed up the military action against Powhatan. The following is Percy's description of the actions that took place; Drawing my soldiers into battle, placing a Captain or Lieutenant at every file, we marched towards the Indian Town...and then we fell upon them, put some fifteen or sixteen to the sword and almost the rest to flight...My Lieutenant brought with him the Queen and her children and one Indian prisoner for which I taxed him because he had spared them. His answer was that having them now in custody I might do with them what I pleased.  With the Indians dead or disperesed, their village destroyed, and their food supplies laid to waste, Percy sent out another raiding party to the the same to another Indian Town and then marched to his boats with the Queen and her children in tow. There, however his soldiers "did begin to murmur because the Queen and her children were spared." This seemed a reasonable complaint to Percy, so he called a council together and "it was agreed upon to putt the children to death THE WHICH WAS EFFECTED BY THROWING THEM OVERBOARD, SHOOTING OUT THEIR BRAINS IN THE WATER." Upon his return to Jamestown, however, Percy was informed that Governor De la Warr was unhappy with him because he had not yet killed the Queen. Advised by his chief Lieutenant that it would be best to burn her alive, Perry instead decided to end his day of "so much bloodshed" with a final act of mercy:instead of burning her, he had the queen quickly killed by stabbing her to death. JAMESTOWN LEGISLATION AGAINST THE INDIANS
In 1623, the Jamestown Colonists passed legislation that indicated their hostility
toward the Indians. The following acts are those that deal with the Indians. Finally in 1655 the legislatures first act for that session was to pass an Act in the Indians favor. The Assembly admitted they were harsh on the Indians and they had attacked the white man to protect their land and way of life. The first Act: for every eight wolves heads the Indian brought in, the Great Man would receive a cow. The second Act: if the Indian families would bring in their children to live with a white family, the children would be educated and civilized and not be used as slaves. The third Act: it addressed the Indians land in that he could not bargin away his land to an Englishman without the permission of the Assembly, and his land was protected from unfair seizure. Based on the treatment the English inflicted on the Powhatans when they arrived in 1608,the colonists, after the Revolutionary War continued the same methods that had served the English so well as indicated in the following stories as the United States moved west. SAND CREEK MASSACRE (SE COLORADO). In 1864 Col Chivington ( a former clergyman that had political ambitions) was appointed the territorial military commander in Colorado. After some isolated incidents with the Indians, Chivington sent out detachments to burn and destroy Indian villages, the Cheyenne, Arapahos, Sioux, Kiowa's, and Comanches's struck back. this give Chivington the opportunity that he was looking for, to launch a full scale attack on the Indians. On November 29, 1864, Chivington deployed his command, about seven hundred solders with howitzers around Black Kettle's village on Sand Creek. Black Kettle was under the impression that he was at peace with the Americans; he ran up the American Flag and assured his people that all was well. the troops opened fire and charged. The Indians scattered in all directions.  Nits make lice he was fond of saying.  Two hundred Cheyenne's, two thirds of them women and children perished. Nine chiefs died, however Chief Black Kettle escaped.( Only to be murdered later by Custer.) WOUNDED KNEE About a week prior to the slaughter at Wounded Knee, L.Frank Baum, editor of South Dakota's Aberdeen Saturday Pioneer newspaper advocated the extermination of all America's Indians.  The whites by law of conquest, by justice of civilization, are masters of the American continent, and the best safety of the frontier settlements will be secured by the total annihilation of the few remaining Indians.(WHY NOT ANNIHILATION?)Their glory has fled, their spirit broken, their manhood effaced, better they should die than live the miserable wretches that they are. Unquote.L. FRANK BAUM LATER BECOMES FAMOUS AS THE AUTHOR OF:
An Indian named American Horse, who had been friendly to the American troops for years gave this narrative of the slaughter at Wounded Knee; "they turned their guns, Hotchkiss guns upon the women who were in the lodges standing there under a flag of truce, and of course as soon as they were fired upon they fled...There was a women with an infant in her arms who was killed as she almost touched the flag of truce, and the women and children of course were strewn all along the circular village untill they were dispatched.  Little boys who were not wounded came out of their places of refuge, and as soon as they came in sight, a number of soldiers surrounded them and butchered them there... Of course it would have been alright if only the men were killed; we would feel almost grateful for it. But the fact of the killing of the women and more especially of the of the young boys and girls who are to go to make up the future of the Indian people, is the saddest part of the whole affair and we feel it very sorely." Unquote" Shortly after the massacre, Baum stated his approval, in the "Aberdeen Saturday Pioneer's paper stating that; we had better, in order to protect our civilization, follow it up and wipe these untamed and untameable creatures from the face of the earth. NEW ENGLAND COLONY
On May 26th 1635 in Connecticut, Captain John Mason with his Massachusetts-Connecticut
force of ninty men and eighty Mohegans and 500 Narragansett Indians planned to attack
the Pequot with the intent to completly wipe the town out. Mason and his militia
struck in the predawn. Mason instructed his men to not take any prisoners.
When the Mohegans and Narragansett found out about the no prisoner order they refused to
participate and left.
Thus left to his own devices, Mason ordered his miltiamen to set fire
to the entire town, burning alive as many as 900 "women, children, and
helpless old men. Those who tried to escape the blaze were cut down with
swords and axes. As Plymouth Governor William Bradford later described the
scene, paraphrasing Mason's own exultant account: "It was a fearful sight to see them thus frying in the fire and the streams of blood quenching the same, and horrible was the stink and scent thereof; but the victory seemed a sweet sacriface, and they gave the praise thereof to God, who had wrought so wonderfully for them, thus to enclose their enemies in their hands and give them so speedy a victory over so pround and insulting an enemy.The new England Colony made the Virginia Colonists look like a group of saints. Indians normally fought out of revenge, to steal women or slaves, but very seldom slaughtered women and children and old men for land. What has been disclosed on this site is only the tip of the iceberg, broken treaties and promises are part of the Native Americans everyday vocabulary.I'm sure some folks that read this page will feel uncomfortable, however that was not the intent. If we forget the past, it will make a circle and repeat it's self. It's also important for people to know the truth not only one side, but both. I believe a reader will now understand why the Native American feels strongly about their reservations and treaties with the government. In some parts of the country the Native American did not have voting privilages as late as the 1960s, so for them the past is not in the 1800s, but just a few short years ago. The Native American is not looking for sympathy, but justice; if any one wants to keep informed of Native American problems, you can go on the internet www.indiancountry.com it's a well written paper. Also any comments or questions may be addressed to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>References: Stannard, David E. "American Holocaust" 1992 Oxford University Press Inc. |


--- layout: post status: publish published: true title: Hunter Pence throws like I do left handed. author: display_name: Kurt login: Kurt email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>url: '' author_login: Kurt author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>wordpress_id: 512 wordpress_url: http://ivyenvy.com/?p=512 date: '2009-04-08 15:31:40 +0000' date_gmt: '2009-04-08 21:31:40 +0000' categories: - General Baseball - Ivy Envy - Outfield tags: - Astros - Houston - Hunter Pence - Form - Rookie of the Year - Outfielder - Throwing - Cubs vs. Astros comments: - id: 170 author: jimmy author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>author_url: '' date: '2009-04-08 19:59:58 +0000' date_gmt: '2009-04-09 01:59:58 +0000' content: I know he plays for the enemy, but I find it kind of endearing. - id: 171 author: Corey author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>author_url: http:// date: '2009-04-08 22:03:48 +0000' date_gmt: '2009-04-09 04:03:48 +0000' content: I seriously like this guy. His warm-up swing reminds me of how softball girls warm up with those quick short swings. He runs like a Little Leaguer with short quick steps. I dig him. - id: 175 author: Kurt author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>author_url: http:// date: '2009-04-09 07:26:17 +0000' date_gmt: '2009-04-09 13:26:17 +0000' content: I can't say that I like him, but I don't hate him. I've learned my lesson though. He was 2 for 4 with a home run and a double. I'll only make fun of opposing players when the Cubs aren't playing them. - id: 1380 author: Aaron author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>author_url: '' date: '2010-06-10 01:07:41 +0000' date_gmt: '2010-06-10 06:07:41 +0000' content: have you seen him run too, it is like he is trying to swim with his arms... he has got to be the most awkward playing in baseball ---
See for yourself. If only I had a video of me throwing left handed. Very awkward. His unmistakable form caught my attention in Monday's game when he made a throw to the plate. I must have played it back five times. I even got confirmation from my girlfriend that he throws kind of like a girl (sorry ladies). He's like watching a little leaguer playing for a major league team, Rookie of the Year style. He even has that short, choppy warm-up swing that every 12 year old does before they step into the box. The only thing he's missing is a few hard cracks on home plate with his bat. I'm amazed and frustrated that he's as good as he is.
Keep an eye on him tonight, especially if he makes a throw to the plate. And, if you haven't already, try throwing left handed (if you're right handed) next time you're playing some catch.


Co-Engineering Lead, Simulation Lead
Nithin Rajaram
Mechanical Engineering
I joined the team because I wanted to work on an innovative project that could potentially change the transportation industry. I'm in charge of all the simulations done on the pod and its components.
Build Lead/Co-Team Captain
Grant Moore
Industrial and Systems Engineering
Grant Moore joined the team specifically for the build portion of the competition. His family builds residential homes for a living and he has a firm grasp of how to use all hand and power tools. Grant has led all aspects of pod fabrication, shipping box fabrication, and workspace training. It is one thing to design the sub-systems necessary to make the pod work as a collegiate-level engineer, but it takes a lot more to keep those designers in the land of realism, and produce a final working product. Without him, there is no way the pod could have been built or shipped across the country. Grant taught the entire build team how to use the tools necessary to build the pod and acted as the foreman for the build process. Grant has been such a enormous part of the team that it was an easy decision to promote him to his current position as Co-Team Captain.
Head of Marketing and Sponsor Allocation
Alex Castellano
Marketing
Alex oversees business and marketing aspects of the club, including social media accounts, advertisements, emails, and communication with sponsors and donators..
Secretary/Future Outreach Team Captain
Onur Gencer Ates
Industrial and Systems Engineering
Gencer joined the team in spring 2016 and has been a huge help ever since. With a large team there is a lot of subteams that all need to be managed and updated. While assisting with fabrication, he also kept all the team members up to date by compiling weekly updates and distributing the info to the rest of the team. Gencer will be a team captain for the second competition with a focus on outreach.
Lead Electrical Engineer
Raymond Tetyevsky
B.S. Electrical Engineering
Raymond joined in fall of 2017, and is responsible for directing the electrical subsystem team. His experience in the electrical, mechanical, and aerospace field, assist him in the design and implementation of the electronic control/navigation system.
Engineering Lead
Bryce Cavey
Mechanical Engineering
Bryce joined the team as a Freshman in 2017. He is a member of the engineering team, is working on a design to launch our pod from the starting line, and is responsible for renders of our pod.
Lead Engineer
Alexander Radetsky
Electrical Engineering, Computer Science
Having been a part of the team for over a year, Alex is a now Lead Engineer. His experience with Mechanical and Electrical systems alike allows him to manage subteams and oversee pod production from early design, to implementation and testing. His CAD experience allows him to lead the design team and teach others to develop their CAD skills.
Programming
Jesse Galloway
Computer Engineering
Jesse joined the team in the fall of 2016. He has been a member of the design team, working mainly on the designs for Hyperloop 2. Jesse is responsibly chiefly for the physical exterior design of Hyperloop 2, he has also been working on preliminary fabrication for the pod.
Marketing
Alex Castellano
Marketing
Alex joined the team in September of 2016. Since then, he has been the director of the business and marketing aspects of the club, including the creation and maintenance of social media accounts, advertisements, business cards, and management of email correspondences.
Mechanical Design
Kaity Hwang
Mechanical Engineering
Joined in Sept 2015. Began as a team member on hull, later became the propulsion team lead.
Programming
Drew Siedel
Computer Science
" Drew joined the team in fall of 2016, seeking new engineering and software challenges. He worked mainly on the pod's software, primarily designing a computer vision system that determined when the pod should break. He also helped with general integration of the various computer systems of the pod. Drew also worked on fabrication, helping with the physical build of the pod.
Management
Anh "Peter" Nguyen
Mechanical Engineering and Product Design
Peter has been on the team since fall of 2015 and has contributed in different aspects of the pod as needed. Now, he focuses mainly on helping with logistics for showcase event as well as for the Hyperloop 1 team's transportation and housing at the competition.
Build Team
Alexander Radetsky
Electrical Engineering
Alex joined the team in September, 2016. After coming into the team, he jumped straight into the electrical subsystem team, learning the Hyperloop 1 system, and helping finish its installation. Since then, he designed the life-support system for the Hyperloop 2 system, and will work to improve and integrate the electrical subsystem, as its lead.


You'll create a simple number guessing game where the user gets infinite tries to guess the number.
- Generate a random whole number and store it in a global variable
- Create another global variable to store if the user has won or not
-
Write a function called
guessNumber
that will:- Take one argument, the guessed number.
- If the guessed number is less or greater than the target number indicate that to the user
- If the guessed number and the target number match, congratulate the user
- Ask for their name and add the user to the list of winners and display the list to the user
- Ask the user if they want to play again, if so generate a new target number, if not update the win variable such that the loop stops
- Inside a loop prompt the user for a guess and call your guessNumber function while the win variable is false
- Hints:Look at your cheatsheets for the Math functions to generate random whole numbers
- Bonus: turn the game loop into a recursive function


This is the phone that's changing the shape of the future. Discover the cutting-edge hinge
technology that allows it to fold like a book, stand on its own, and break the rules of what you
thought a smartphone should do.
{% for product in products %}
{% if product.compName == "Samsung" %}
{{product.mobName}}
₹ {{product.price}}
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
{% for product in products %}
{% if product.compName == "Apple" %}
{{product.mobName}}
₹ {{product.price}}
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
{% for product in products %}
{% if product.compName == "Realme" %}
{{product.mobName}}
₹ {{product.price}}
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
{% for product in products %}
{% if product.compName == "Oppo" %}
{{product.mobName}}
₹ {{product.price}}
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
{% for product in products %}
{% if product.compName == "Vivo" %}
{{product.mobName}}
₹ {{product.price}}
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
{% for product in products %}
{% if product.compName == "Redmi" %}


Founded in 2013, the Berkeley Institute for Data Science (BIDS) is a central hub of research and education within UC Berkeley designed to facilitate and nurture data-intensive science.
BIDS initiatives are designed to bring together a broad constituency of the data science community, including domain experts from the life, social, and physical sciences and methodological experts from computer science, statistics, and applied mathematics. These efforts are anchored by a core group of data science fellows and senior fellows who are representative of the world-class researchers from across campus and are leading the data science revolution within their disciplines.
By facilitating this multidisciplinary collaboration, BIDS aims to enhance the development and application of cutting-edge data science techniques and change the way academic research is undertaken. Their goal is to enhance research continuity, improve the quality of our results and processes, and ultimately advance scientific discovery.
Where is BIDS?
BIDS is located in the center of the UC Berkeley campus at 190 Doe Library. The BIDS workspace was completed in 2014 and uses open floor plans and flexible layouts to foster collaboration and discussion. The space includes a combination of individual workspaces, meeting rooms. interaction spaces, and a lecture area.
Who works there?
People are at the heart of BIDS. The space is often filled with a mix of senior fellows, data science fellows, computational fellows, visiting scholars, and BIDS members. There are three full-time staff members at BIDS and a rotating group of work-study undergraduate students. Anyone currently affiliated with UC Berkeley (i.e., current faculty, students, and staff) and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory can become a BIDS member.
What happens at BIDS?
The initiatives at BIDS are designed to bring together broad constituents of the data science community, including domain experts and methodological experts. While many of these individuals rarely cross professional paths, BIDS actively seeks new and creative ways to engage and foster collaboration across these different research fields.
There are several regularly scheduled events that occur at BIDS to reach this goal, including BIDS Tea, The Hacker Within, the Data Science Lecture Series, and BIDS Collaborative. In addition, the space is used for training; boot camps; and other data science-related events, such as their annual Data Science Faire. See the BIDS events page for more information.
The space houses BIDS data science fellows and computational fellows, who are working on a variety of research projects.
Who runs BIDS?
BIDS leadership includes Faculty Director Saul Perlmutter, Executive Director Kevin Koy, and an executive committee comprising several senior fellows.
How does BIDS interact with other data science initiatives at Berkeley? BIDS serves as a hub for and encourage collaboration among the more than 40 data science-related labs and departments at UC Berkeley and the researchers, students, and staff within them. Additionally, BIDS senior fellows are playing a key role in rethinking the undergraduate experience around data science education at UC Berkeley.
How is BIDS funded?
Initial support for BIDS is provided by a five-year $12.5 million grant from the Moore and Sloan Foundations together with significant support provided by UC Berkeley. In addition, BIDS has an Industry Partner Program and is exploring numerous federal funding opportunities.
More questions? Contact the BIDS staff at bids@berkeley.edu.


Autodesk Autocad Lt 2016 Free Download
Link To Autocad Lt 2016 Trial Autodesk Community Subscription Installation And Licensing
Autodesk Autocad Lt 2016 Free Download For Windows 7 8 10 Get Into Pc
Full Version Autodesk Autocad Lt 2016 Free Download Downloads
Buy Autodesk Autocad Lt 2016 Online Pc Turbo Soft
Download Autodesk Autocad Lt 2016 64 Bit
Mga Mandirigma Ng Khilafah Autocad Lt 2016 Herunterladen Riss 64 Bits Showing 1 1 Of 1
Autodesk Autocad Lt For Windows 2016 Commercial
Autodesk Autocad Lt 2016 Liberated Free Download Softotornix
Buy Revit Lt 2016 Key
Autodesk Inventor Lt 2016 Download Free Crack Internet Potentdt
Download Install Autocad Electrical 2016 Youtube
Amazon Com Autodesk Autocad Inventor Lt Suite 2016 5 Pack Download Software
Educational Notes To Know Autodesk Autocad Lt 2009 64 Bit Crack Torrent 20 Showing 1 1 Of 1
Buy Autodesk Inventor Lt 2016 64 Bit
Autocad 2016 Lt For Mac Download Conlasopa
Free Download Autocad Lt For Win Mac Pcb 3d
Autocad 2011 Lt Download Link Autodesk Community Subscription Installation And Licensing
Review Mastering Autocad 2016 And Autocad Lt 2016 Autodesk Official P
Autocad 2016 Sp1 と Windows 10 サポートについて Technology Perspective From Japan
Autocad Lt 2016 For Designers 11th Edition Redshelf
How To Install Autocad Lt For Mac With A Windows Version
Download X Force Keygen For Autocad 2016 Autocad Autocad 2014 Autocad 2016
Amazon Com Autocad 2016 And Autocad Lt 2016 No Experience Required Autodesk Official Press<PHONE_NUMBER>554 Gladfelter Donnie Books
Autocad 2016 Torrent Download Peatix
Autocad Revit Lt Suite 2014 Image By C3zo2tworek
Autodesk Inventor Free Download Is There A Full Free Version All3dp
Quick Start Setting Up Your Autodesk Desktop Subscription Rental Software Up And Ready
Pdf Download Mastering Autocad 2016 And Autocad Lt 2016 Autodesk Official Press Best Seller Book By George Omura Vqctloqgraxxqg


Cookies
The MOT reminder service puts small files (known as ‘cookies’) onto your computer to collect information about how you browse the site.
Cookies are used to:
- measure how you use the service so it can be updated and improved based on your needs
- direct you down certain journeys to improve your experience
Cookies on the MOT reminder service aren’t used to identify you personally.
You’ll normally see a message on the site before we store a cookie on your computer.
Find out more about how to manage cookies.


Master Head Change to head 2 branch change
master master2 head_feature_2 first head_feature_2 second head_feature 1st head_feature 2nd


Gold Technical Analysis: Down for third straight day, 100-day EMA caps immediate upside
by Anil Panchal- Gold trades around the lowest since last Monday.
- Bearish MACD, sustained trading below key EMAs keep sellers hopeful.
- An upside break of 21-day EMA will trigger short-term recovery.
Gold prices slip beneath 100-day EMA while taking rounds to $1,461 during the initial trading session on Monday.
The yellow metal's trading below 100-day and 21-day Exponential Moving Averages (EMAs) takes clues from 12-bar Moving Average Convergence and Divergence (MACD) that has been sending bearish signals recently.
As a result, 61.8% Fibonacci retracement of July-September upside, at 1,448.50, gains sellers' attention, a break of which will shift bears’ focus to 200-day EMA level of $1,417.
Meanwhile, an upside clearance of a 100-day EMA level of $1,464 could push the bullion towards $1,475 including 21-day EMA.
Assuming that the buyers’ sneak in around $1,475, a fresh upside to $1,481 and 38.2% Fibonacci retracement around $1,490 can be expected.
Gold daily chart
Trend: Bearish
additional important levels
| Overview | |
|---|---|
| Today last price | 1461.12 |
| Today Daily Change | -1.15 |
| Today Daily Change % | -0.08% |
| Today daily open | 1462.27 |
| Trends | |
|---|---|
| Daily SMA20 | 1478.72 |
| Daily SMA50 | 1490.24 |
| Daily SMA100 | 1482.35 |
| Daily SMA200 | 1398.2 |
| Levels | |
|---|---|
| Previous Daily High | 1473.3 |
| Previous Daily Low | 1461.64 |
| Previous Weekly High | 1478.86 |
| Previous Weekly Low | 1456.54 |
| Previous Monthly High | 1519.04 |
| Previous Monthly Low | 1455.5 |
| Daily Fibonacci 38.2% | 1466.1 |
| Daily Fibonacci 61.8% | 1468.85 |
| Daily Pivot Point S1 | 1458.18 |
| Daily Pivot Point S2 | 1454.08 |
| Daily Pivot Point S3 | 1446.52 |
| Daily Pivot Point R1 | 1469.83 |
| Daily Pivot Point R2 | 1477.39 |
| Daily Pivot Point R3 | 1481.49 |


Leadership
- What is your experience of compassionate (or not) leadership?
From my experience, compassion and kindness are key qualities of successful leaders. There are people in life who will try to take advantage of a situation once they
sense an opportunity. Kindness and open-heartedness need to be balanced with good instict, judgement and discipline. Too much of one and not enough of the other will result in poor performance
either because everyone hates you, or everyone walks all over you.
Also compassion is a mental state endowed with a sense of concern for the suffering of others and aspiration to see that suffering relieved.
Specifically, he defines compassion as having three components:
1. A cognitive component: “I understand you”
2. An affective component: “I feel for you”
3. A motivational component: “I want to help you”
- Do the multiplying goodness meditation. How did you find it?
The 'multiplying goodness meditation', exercise is very simple. When we breathe in, we visualize that we’re breathing in our own goodness, we visualize multiplying that goodness by ten in our hearts, and then when we breathe out,
we visualize giving all that goodness to the world. After that, we breathe in the goodness of other people and do the same. If you want, you may visualize the goodness as white light. The more we practice this exercise the easier
and more powerful it will become, but it definately makes you feel happy and upbeat from the first time you do it. The advanced level of this excercise called Tonglen meditation. I tried this and found it a positive experience and it
would be useful in 1. Seeing goodness in self and others, 2. Giving goodness to all, 3. Confidence in the transformative power of self (that I can multiply goodness).
- Do the Tonglen meditation. How did you find it?
The traditional practice for developing compassion is something known as Tonglen, which in Tibetan means “giving and receiving". It is a lot like the Multiplying Goodness practice, except instead of breathing in goodness, you breathe in
suffering (of self and others), and transform it within yourself. When you breathe out, you radiate love, kindness, and compassion. In order to master social skills, we have to clear out the emotional gunk—anger, fear, confusion, and even
physical suffering, and our resistance to it all. Tonglen is a practice designed for this effect, centered on awareness of breathing. Tonglen literally means “giving and receiving,” willingness to receive the suffering and pain of others,
and giving relief, well-being, and peace in return—thereby experiencing our ability to be transformers.
By breathing in negativity, we can use the heart as a filter. Breathing out, the dark clouds can pass through us, and transform into acceptance, ease, joy, and light/radiance. When we experience this, we strengthen the resolve that nothing can
totally overcome us, which establishes deep confidence. This gives us a strong foothold to stand up for the well-being of ourselves and others, thereby building the foundation for compassion.
Tonglen is a very powerful practice. The Dalai Lama is said to do this every day as one of his main practices. I experienced a strengthening of my self-confidence. and as Cheng says during the practice you realise that a lot of what is holding us back originated from our fear of pain and suffering. Once you found yourself capable of breathing in the pain and suffering of yourself and others, and comfortable radiating kindness, love, and compassion, a lot of the fetters holding us back dissolved away.
- How does the SCARF model apply to your Phase 0 experience so far? How will it apply to bootcamp?
In Your Brain at Work, David Rock describes five domains of social experience that the brain treats as primary rewards or threats. In other words, these five domains are so important to you that your brain treats them in the same way it treats survival issues. And because
they are so important, each is a major driver of social behavior. These five domains form a model which David calls the SCARF model, which stands for Status, Certainty, Autonomy, Relatedness, and Fairness.
You can influence people most effectively when you help people achieve what they want in a way that also helps you and simultaneously serves greater good. That is why the SCARF model from the previous section can be so valuable. By understanding the neuroscience
of the social brain, you can better understand how your actions can increase the SCARF factors for self and others, hence you can figure out how to help people in ways that also align with your own interests.
SCARF model applies to Phase 0 thus far as we have met other people in the EDA community mostly online. The SCARF Model is something I feel I will be able to apply at bootcamp as I try to be a strong team player but having the actual five areas to refer to will definately help.
- Have a difficult conversation. How did it go? (It's a valuable skill, but can take practice to develop!)
Conducting difficult conversations is a skill, an extremely useful one, indeed. According to the authors of Difficult Conversations, who make up part of the Harvard Negotiation Project, there are five steps to conducting a difficult conversation:
Prepare by walking through the “three conversations."
What happened?, What emotions are involved?, What does this say about me?
Decide whether to raise the issue
What do you hope to accomplish by raising this issue?”. If you decide to raise the issue, try shifting into a mode that supports learning and problem solving.
Start from the objective "third story"
The third story is the best one with which to start a difficult conversation. It is the most objective and the one with which you are most likely to form a common ground with the other party.
Explore their story and yours
Listen to their story. Empathize. Share your story. Explore how you each perceive the same situation differently. Reframe the stories from one of blame and accusation to one of learning about how each contributes to the situation and the emotions involved.
Problem Solve
Invent solutions that meet each side’s most important concerns and interests. Find ways to continue keeping communications open and taking care of each other’s interests.
Also the first key insight is that impact is not the intention. For example, if we feel hurt by something somebody said, we may automatically assume that the person intended to hurt us. In other words, we assume that the impact is the intention. Usually, we judge ourselves by our intentions, but we judge others by the
impact of their behavior because we do not really know their intentions, so we subconsciously infer their intentions based on the impact of their behavior. In many situations, however, the impact is not the intention.
- Any other musings?
- You can make more friends in two months by becoming really
interested in other people than you can in two years by trying
to get other people interested in you. Which is just another
way of saying that the way to make a friend is to be one.
—Dale Carnegie
- As explained by the research conclusions of two renowned leadership scholars, Jim Kouzes and Barry Posner which looked at manager’s success. [They] found one, and only one, factor significantly differentiated the top quartile of managers from the bottom quartile … the single factor was high scores on affection—both expressed and wanted … the highest performing managers show more warmth and fondness toward others than do the bottom 25 percent. They get closer to people, and they are significantly more open in sharing thoughts and feelings than their low-performing counterparts.
All things being equal, we will work harder and more effectively for people we like. And we like them in direct proportion to how they make us feel.
- Read the book by Jim Collins, Good to Great: Why Some Companies Make the Leap … and Others Don’t
- Warren Buffett, one of the richest men in the world, demonstrated that he understood the power of relatedness when he said, “When you get to my age, you’ll measure your success in life by how many of the people you want to have love you actually do love you. That’s the ultimate test of how you’ve lived your life.


Full datetime picker
Select only time (and hide seconds)
Display inline (with default options)
Add hidden input with a value formatted with a different format


Manual on Financial Affairs
November 2015
Line Item and Documentation Guide:
Documentation is meant to provide evidence from the source of the product or service that the Cost requested is the actual cost. Documentation must be one of the following (listed in order of most effective documentation):
An Invoice (that is clearly authored by the product/service source) (DG: 0001-09201301)
A Screenshot of an Email/Webpage/Document/etc. from the product/service source (DG: 0001-09201301)
A URL (the link must lead directly to the items requested) (DG: 0001-11201404)
While filling out a Funding Application, it is important to use this Guide AND the most updated Discretionary Guidelines (www.umdsgafinance.weebly.com/discretionary-guidelines.html).
|
Line Item |
Description |
Typical Expenses and Notes |
Minimum Requirements for Documentation
- Some line items require specialized information |
Typical reasons why funding might be denied:
All reasons listed are specific to the particular line item; ANY item might not be funded due to insufficient documentation and breakdown, or any other Discretionary Guideline. |
|
3311/3321 |
3311 In-State / 3321 Out-of-State Conference |
- Conference Fees
|
- Name and location of conference - Cost per attendee - Number of attendees - Breakdown for what conference fee will be used (in order to demonstrate that food and lodging are not included in calculations for Total Amount Requested, AND that funds will not be donated to a parent organization or any political party/campaign/group) - Regular Documentation requirements (DG 0001-09201301) |
- Food and lodging cannot be included in the conference fee (DG 3311-00201320) - Conference fee cannot be a fundraiser for the parent organization, or for a political party/campaign (DG 3311-00201321) -Conference fees capped at $50 per quantity of anticipated attendance (DG3311-10201401) |
|
3724 |
Advertising |
- Flyers and posters - Capped at $1 per quantity of Anticipated Attendance (DG: 3724-00201322) |
- Advertising that involves Printing and Copying materials will also be reviewed as 3718 Printing and Copying (3724-00201325) - Regular Documentation requirements (DG 0001-09201301) |
- General advertising for group is not funded unless it is for a banner, table throw, or similar item to stay with the group (DG3724-11201406) - Off campus advertising is not funded (DG 3724-00201324) - Newspaper advertisements are not funded (DG 3724-09201304) |
|
3950 |
AV Equipment (Audio-Visual) |
- Microphones and speakers - Projectors and screens - Connector cables - Sound board
|
- Regular Documentation requirements (DG 0001-09201301) *For events in Stamp: If the initial deposit cannot be funded through non-SAF sources, Event and Guest Services recommends submitting a reservation through eCalendar, obtaining a copy of the Event Summary for documentation purposes, then immediately cancelling the reservation. |
- No breakdown of specific needs (ex. Sound package with some arbitrary price) - Off campus provider without justification as to why an on-campus provider is insufficient (DG 3950-00201326) |
|
3620 |
Bus Rental |
- Bus rentals
|
- Must be rented from Motor Transportation Services or Shuttle UM (DG: 0002-00201317) - Regular Documentation requirements (DG 0001-09201301) - GoogleMap screenshot showing route and distance to be traveled (in miles) (DG 3620-00201327) *Motor Transportation Services: ONLY acceptable documentation is a completed Motor Transportation Services Pricing Sheet, which can be obtained at SORC. **Airfare is considered only if shown to be cheaper than renting a vehicle |
- Fuel and parking costs are not funded (DG: 0002-00201318) - Roadway tolls are not funded (DG: 3620-03201402) - No GoogleMap is provided -All forms of transportation are capped at $57.64 per quantity of anticipated attendance (DG0001-11201403) |
|
3752 |
Contractual Services |
- Guest speakers - DJs, performers - Police services - Capped at $10 per quantity of Anticipated Attendance (DG: 3752-00201328) |
- Name, description, and cost of service, shown in an invoice, or screenshot of email correspondence (must be exact price quote) - Phone number and email for service - The $10 cap per Anticipated Attendance (DG 3752-00201328) for one-on-one training will be lifted only when demonstrated to benefit the entire group (DG 3752-10201302) |
- Final price is still in negotiation - Final price is not exact - A student member of an organization who is providing a service that is directly related to the mission of that organization may not receive monetary compensation from the Student Activities Fee without pre-approval from the SGA Legislature (DG: 3752-02201402) |
|
4930 |
Dues & Fees |
- non-Conference, event-based fees - Dues to national affiliation (for group as a whole) |
- Must demonstrate that expenses for individual memberships are not funded (DG 4930-00201329) - Regular Documentation requirements (DG 0001-09201301)
|
|
|
3717 |
Equipment Rental |
- Equipment rental |
- Must demonstrate a secure on-campus storage facility or reasonable expectation of care during rental period (DG: 3717-00201330) - Regular Documentation requirements (DG 0001-09201301) |
|
|
3716 |
Equipment Repair |
- Equipment repair |
- Reason why repair is necessary - Regular Documentation requirements (DG 0001-09201301) |
|
|
3746 |
Food |
- ONLY funded for a group for which food is absolutely essential to its mission statement and Program purpose (DG 3746-00201331) |
- Justification for food being absolutely essential to group and Program - Number of attendees - Regular Documentation requirements (DG 0001-09201301) |
- While food is not funded by SAF unless absolutely essential, a Program with food (funded through other sources) may still be funded for other line items |
|
3952 |
Misc. Supplies |
- Event decorations - Sports equipment - Funding for decorations is capped at $1 per quantity of Anticipated Audience. Decorations are items that do not serve practical purpose, and include but are not limited to ribbons, streamers, balloons, flowers, balloon weights, vases and flowers, etc. (DG: 3952-00201332) |
- Must demonstrate secure on-campus storage space - Up-to-date inventory record of student group - Regular Documentation requirements (DG 0001-09201301) |
- No secure on-campus storage space demonstrated - No inventory record provided |
|
3916 |
Office Supplies |
- Primarily Guy Brown purchases - Staples - Tape - Pens/pencils - Calculator - Post-It Notes |
- Item must be found in the Guy Brown catalog at SORC - Only acceptable documentation is a copy of the Guy Brown order form found at SORC. - If an item is not found in the catalog at SORC, must provide invoice or screenshot from the alternate vendor. - Regular Documentation requirements (DG 0001-09201301) |
- Missing Guy Brown order form from SORC |
|
3210 |
Postage |
- Postage |
- Must demonstrate why email is insufficient (DG 3210-00201335) - Must include size of mailing list - Regular Documentation requirements (DG 0001-09201301) |
|
|
3718 |
Printing and Copying |
- Flyers for Advertising - Pamphlets - Posters - Banners - All funding will be adjusted to the costs of Stamp Copy Services, UNLESS a cheaper alternative is demonstrated (alongside the cost from Copy Services) (DG: 3718-00201336) |
- Items that will be used for Advertising will also be reviewed under 3724 Advertising standards - Color paper must be justified - Color ink must be justified (DG 3718-00201337) - Higher quality stock must be justified (DG 3718-00201338) - Regular Documentation requirements (DG 0001-09201301) *Most common documentation: http://www.dbs.umd.edu/copy/prices.php. |
- Off campus provider without justification as to why an on-campus provider is insufficient |
|
4970 |
Space Rental |
- Room rental - Venue rental |
- Time period of rental - Venue capacity (must not be more than Anticipated Attendance (DG 4970-00201340) - Regular Documentation requirements (DG 0001-09201301) - If an off-campus space, must demonstrate why on-campus space is insufficient (DG 4970-00201341) |
- Off campus provider without justification as to why an on-campus provider is insufficient (DG 4970-00201341)
|
|
3220 |
Telephone |
- Phone lines |
- Only for groups with office space outside of Stamp - Must demonstrate a compelling need for office phones (DG 3220-00201343) - Regular Documentation requirements (DG 0001-09201301) - OR past phone bills for the same phone line |
- No office space in Stamp - Non-compelling need for office phones |
|
3925 |
Wearing Apparel |
- Costumes - Uniforms |
- Must demonstrate secure on-campus storage space - Must demonstrate that items will not go to the material benefit of individuals; That is: Wearing Apparel items must be passed on to future years and members of the Group (DG 3925-00201344) - Regular Documentation requirements (DG 0001-09201301) |
- No secure on-campus storage space demonstrated - Clothing will ultimately be owned by the individuals in the group (and not passed on to future members) - Clothing will be a giveaway |
|
3953 |
Office Equipment |
- Furniture - Computer - Hard Drive |
- Must demonstrate secure on-campus storage space - Regular Documentation requirements (DG 0001-09201301) |
- No secure on-campus storage space demonstrated |
General & Non-Specific Discretionary Guidelines - Fiscal Year 2016
These Guidelines include the Legacy Guidelines (002013), and all FY14 guidelines as denoted by the code xxYEAR, where xx is the month (ex. September 2014 guidelines are denoted by 092014)
|
Description |
Line Item |
Code |
Content |
|
General |
0001 |
09201401 |
Applications for funding shall be due no less than 30 days in advance of the program for requests of $1500.00 or less. Requests in excess of $1500.00 shall be due no less than 60 days in advance of the program. |
|
0001 |
09201402 |
Applications shall not be accepted more than five (5) months prior to the program unless reasonable justification is provided to the Committee on Financial Affairs. The decision to accept this justification is at the discretion of the Committee on Financial Affairs. |
|
|
0001 |
00201301 |
Funding Applications are not reviewed unless submitted under the name of a Treasurer or President of an SGA recognized student group. The submitting officer must have been certified at a Budget Training Workshop that occurred in the current fiscal year (school year). |
|
|
0001 |
00201302 |
“Insufficient Breakdown”/ “Adjust to Breakdown” is when the Itemized Breakdown presented for this line item is not in keeping with the standards stated in the Manual on Financial Affairs, OR sums to a value that is unequal to the Total Amount Requested. |
|
|
0001 |
00201303 |
“Insufficient Documentation”/ “Adjust to Documentation” is when the Documentation presented for this line item is not in keeping with the standards stated in the Manual on Financial Affairs, OR is not reflected in the Itemized Breakdown and/or Total Amount Requested. |
|
|
0001 |
00201305 |
If the Committee on Financial Affairs can find a subjectively comparable product to the item requested at a lower expense, the funding will be adjusted to that amount. |
|
|
0001 |
00201306 |
Groups that have not received funding for at least the past four semesters (2 school years) are limited to a $2,000 cap per program in the first allocation period they apply. |
|
|
0001 |
00201307 |
Services that are provided for free by either the Stamp Student Union or any unit at the University of Maryland (contingent upon the fact that the services are available to all students at the university) are not funded. |
|
|
0001 |
09201302 |
It is up to the discretion of the Committee of Financial Affairs to correct a misclassification of a line item, so that the program can be reviewed appropriately. |
|
|
0001 |
11201405 |
If a program requires an admission charge, monetary or otherwise, the charge must be justified. Admission charges will only be admissible as long as the admission revenue funds elements of that specific program that SGA does not fund. Any admission revenue may not serve as fundraising for the student group. |
|
|
0001 |
03201502 |
An Application will be considered for funding for a Program that exceeds $1,500 AND will occur between 30-60 days before the Date of Program IF an Application has already been submitted during the current school year, AND is for the same Program, containing the same specific item(s), AND the Date of Program is still at least 30 days after the deadline. |
|
|
0001 |
11201301 |
Documentation must be expressed in an official operating language of the Committee on Financial Affairs. |
|
|
0001 |
11201302 |
English is an official operating language of the Committee on Financial Affairs. |
|
|
0001 |
11201303 |
Funding Applications are not reviewed for groups whose KFS accounts are currently frozen. |
|
|
0001 |
11201304 |
Payments that are due after a Date of Program are considered reimbursements. Reimbursements are not funded (BL: Article VII, Sec 4, Sub A:5). |
|
|
0001 |
11201305 |
Programs are only funded if the primary programmers are undergraduate students at the University of Maryland, College Park. |
|
|
0001 |
03201401 |
Information and/or documentation that was not submitted with the original Funding Application may be considered during an Appeal to the Committee on Financial Affairs IF AND ONLY IF the new information and/or documentation directly relates to a Discretionary Guideline that was enacted during the deliberation period that the Application was first under review. |
|
|
0001 |
09201404 |
The Finance Committee reserves the right to treat multiple applications from the same group during the same Allocation Period as a single application if the Committee determines those applications to be for the same Program. |
|
|
0001 |
11201401 |
If a specific item(s) within a program was initially approved for funding by the SGA but funding was cut due to mandatory, across the board cuts, any of those specific items for the same program (including general operations) that were already approved to be funded, but cut will not be funded until the next fiscal year. |
|
|
0001 |
11201402 |
Programs with an admission charge where any part of the proceeds go toward charitable organizations will not be funded if philanthropic endeavors are not paramount to the mission statement of the group. |
|
|
0001 |
11201403 |
Expenses for any mode of transportation are capped at the amount paid per student for the SGA portion of the student activities fee per academic year (for the 2014-2015 school year: $57.64) per Anticipated Attendance (expected attendance). This cap is applied for each round trip individually. |
|
|
0001 |
03201501 |
A specific item whose purpose is not apparently relevant to the Program Description will not be funded. |
|
|
0001 |
11201501 |
Any aspect of a program or application that has been previously funded will not be funded again for that same instance of the program or application. |
|
|
Non-specific items |
0002 |
00201308 |
Programs whose purpose and description are not apparently relevant to the SGA-recognized Mission Statement of the group are not funded. |
|
0002 |
00201309 |
Exclusionary programs are not funded. Programs are considered exclusionary if: only the target audience may attend the event, OR specified person(s) or group(s) may not attend the event. |
|
|
0002 |
00201310 |
Anticipated expenses that have a possibility of not being incurred are not funded. |
|
|
0002 |
00201311 |
All funds kept in University KFS accounts are exempt from State of Maryland sales taxes. |
|
|
0002 |
09201403 |
Fundraisers without other sources of funding are not funded. ‘Other sources of funding’ must be proven to not include any money allocated from the Student Activities Fee. |
|
|
0002 |
00201313 |
Free items, Giveaways, Non-uniform wearing apparel, massage services, and other products/services that are only for the material benefit of individuals are not funded. |
|
|
0002 |
00201314 |
Papers that are demonstrated as having an educational purpose are not considered as a Giveaway. |
|
|
0002 |
00201315 |
Lodging is not funded. |
|
|
0002 |
00201316 |
Funding for non-Conference, event-based fees is capped at $10 per Quantity of Anticipated Audience (expected attendance). |
|
|
0002 |
03201403 |
Permanent or semi-permanent structures that require yearly maintenance and periodic financial support are not funded. |
|
|
0002 |
10201501 |
Any item(s) or service(s) of material benefit that primarily benefit non-students are not funded. |
|
|
0002 |
10201502 |
Groups must demonstrate secure, on-campus storage for all items purchased with the Student Activities Fee. |
|
|
Group Help |
0003 |
09201305 |
If a Group Help request includes an off-campus contractual agreement, it is the discretion of the Committee on Financial Affairs to determine the feasibility of processing the payment, based on the University guidelines. |
The
remainder of the Discretionary Guidelines have been incorporated into
and referenced within the Line Item and Documentation guide table
above. The full list of Discretionary Guidelines can be found as a
separate file
at:
http://umdsgafinance.weebly.com/manual-on-financial-affairs--discretionary-guidelines.html