CUTTHROAT ISLAND A film review by Steve Rhodes Copyright 1996 Steve Rhodes
RATING (0 TO ****): * 1/2
From the director of THE ADVENTURES OF FORD FAIRLANE, Renny Harlin, we have CUTTHROAT ISLAND. It was one of last year's big budget films costing almost $100 million dollars to make. Unless it becomes a big hit in the video stores, it is destined to be a megaflop. You can pay three bucks now and see it on pay-per-view.
Unlike other expensive films where most of the money goes to the superstars, here the money appears to be spent on the production. Renny Harlin comes from the Cecil B. DeMille school of movie making. The only difference is he does not have DeMille's talent. What Renny does know how to do is create explosion after explosion. His motto is: when the pace is in danger of slowing a bit, blow up something. This technique can work in a movie with more of a plot, as this year's EXECUTIVE DECISION, but here it only serves to let people test out their new subwoofers. To Renny's credit, he probably made a significant dent in the unemployment rate since there are thousands upon thousands of extras.
The plot is that in the 1600s "notorious lady pirate" Morgan Adams's (Gina Davis) father dies. She gets the crew of his ship to elect her captain over her rival. The election is ultimately decided by a single person, but it does provide an early example of democracy in action.
She tells the crew that she has a map to buried treasure, but there are two problems. First she has only a third of the map. To get one of the other parts they will have to fight the evil Dawg (Frank Langella) and his ship of rival pirates. The other problem is the map is in Latin, which none of them can read. They solve this problem by buying a doctor, William Shaw (Matthew Modine), who has been put in prison for stealing and turned into a slave.
The show pays only lip service to the idea of a plot. This is a pure swashbuckling action picture. Here Davis attempts to be a female Douglas Fairbanks. She kills people left and right, and she gets in numerous knockdown fistfights where she always wins. Davis has tremendous fun playing a pirate - wouldn't we all? Too bad the director did not worry more about whether the audience was having fun. About 10 minutes of this is somewhat interesting, but then it is pure repetition.
The script by Michael Frost Beckner, Bruce Evans, and Raynold Gideon has nothing of value to say. It wastes little time with character development or plot, best to get the actors to the next fight as quickly as possible. A typical line is Shaw's, "Congratulations Madam. Another town you've destroyed."
The cinematography (Peter Levy) is full of bright lights and strong colors. The music (John Debney) is alive and pulsates with a heavy beat right along with the sounds of the cannons and the guns. The sets (Norman Garwood) are enormous, and the costumes (Enrico Sabbatini) elaborate. No expense is spared. I have a friend who looks for plotless action films for watching while working out on his NorticTrac, this is perfect for that. If your TV has a knob that turns off the dialog, feel free to do so without worrying about losing out on any content.
Finally, in Renny Harlin's defense, he has made a single good film. His DIE HARD 2 is spectacular, and it has a strong narrative drive. I guess once you come up with one winner, the studios open their bank accounts to you forever.
CUTTHROAT ISLAND runs an unnecessarily long 2:03. It is rated PG-13 which is probably right given the violence level. There is a lot of violence, but it is pretty cartoonish. CUTTHROAT ISLAND would be fine for kids say 8 or 9 and up. I was bored silly by it, but it does possess an impressive sound and look. I would advise catching one of those short cable films that talks about the making of the movie instead and skip the show itself. The excerpts suffice. I give the picture a thumbs down and rate it * 1/2.
**** = One of the top few films of this or any year. A must see film. *** = Excellent show. Look for it. ** = Average movie. Kind of enjoyable. * = Poor show.  Totally unbearable.
REVIEW WRITTEN ON: July 2, 1996
Opinions expressed are mine and not meant to reflect my employer's.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


My completed work
Online store for lingerie
The website of the online store for a year I made on a turnkey basis from scratch in Laravel. There is a payment and a basket of orders, a personal account for clients and administrators or moderators
28 June 2020Online shop for t-shirts in Laravel
Website for an online store of T-shirts on Laravel with the ability to order both ready-made and with a graphic editor
29 January 2019PHP project for gallery
Made a project with an admin panel in a month. The entire structure of the site was written from scratch, the design was taken from the template and changed many times.
19 September 2018Kitchen - when cooking is a joy
Developed on CMS Drupal. Site - a book of recipes with auto-parsing from various open resources and auto-posting of publications
29 December 2014Concord Cinema
Developed on CMS Drupal. Site-poster for the cinema "Concord" Poltava with a system of the schedule of sessions and posters for future sessions
10 April 2016Website for the sale of women's handbags
The site was written for e-commerce on CMS Opencart with the implementation of a personalized admin panel and an ordering system
9 February 2016Parsing or all sorts of scripts
I will perform tasks
like on Node.JS, JavaScript, VueJS, PHP, Ajax, MySql, jQuery ...
Telegram bot
I can create telegram bots with feedback (function keys). Will be able to react to commands and analyze the chat or moderate the group
Browser extension
Created an extension for browsers on Chromium for converting cryptocurrencies into "regular" currencies
Travel agency "Ilona"
The site is hosted on the Ucoz platform. Was engaged in design, advertising and booking system
Recruiting domestic staff
The site is hosted on the Ucoz platform. Was engaged in design, advertising
Recreation center "Iney" in Zatoka
The site was developed from scratch on PHP technology and was engaged in promotion and support
Website for mobile phones
The project was created on Ucoz, then moved to CMS Drupal, was engaged in SEO of the site and its promotion
Other small projects
| Name | Short description | Technologies used |
|---|---|---|
| Poltava News | Poltava independent news agency | ucoz, template, php, css |
| The site of the Palace of Leisure "Listopad" | Site first on Ucoz then Drupal, with a ticketing system | ucoz, drupal, template, php, css, seo, sales |
| Mashkina Tamara Grigorievna | Website for Tamara Grigorievna Mashkin | ucoz, template, php, css |
| Eidetic memory | Website for Tamara Grigorievna Mashkin | ucoz, template, php, css |
| One page salesperson | Website in PHP for the sale of handbags for mobile versions | template, php, css, commerce, whatsapp api, telegram api |


{% for message in messages %}
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@{{vuser.username}} {% if vuser.is_superuser %} Admin {% endif %} offline
{{vuser.first_name}} {{vuser.last_name}}
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Student Health Center, June 2010 - 2012
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University of Missouri, Columbia
Student Health Center, June 2010 through Aug 2011
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Successful Business
University of Missouri, Columbia
Student Health Center, June 2010 through Aug 2011
My Activity
{% for post in posts %} {% if post.author.username == vuser.username %}
{% for tagitem in post.tags.all %}
{{ tagitem.name }}
{% endfor %}
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--- layout: page title: Contact description: Want to talk to me? Send an e-mail permalink: /contact/ ---
Any questions about this course or experiment?
Contact me by email: bhaines3@gatech.edu


{{ define "pagevars" }} {{ $.Scratch.Set "bodyclasses" "tribe_events-template-default single single-tribe_events tribe-js tribe-filter-live c-sw unboxed centercatnav bodybg1 events-single tribe-events-style-full tribe-events-style-theme tribe-theme-wp-enlightened tribe-events-page-template tribe-is-responsive tribe-mobile" }} {{ end }} {{ define "content" }} {{ partial "event-venue--inPerson.html" . }}


pragma solidity 0.5.10;
import "./NOIAVault.sol";
import "openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/math/SafeMath.sol";
import "openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/token/ERC20/SafeERC20.sol";
import "openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import "openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/ownership/Ownable.sol";
contract NOIAVaultFactory {
using SafeERC20 for IERC20;
using SafeMath for uint256;
//address public constant NOIA_TOKEN_ADDRESS = 0xfc858154C0b2c4A3323046Fb505811F110EBdA57; // uncomment before deployment
//address public constant NOIA_VAULT_ADDRESS = 0xfc858154C0b2c4A3323046Fb505811F110EBdA57; // uncomment and fix before deployment
address public NOIA_TOKEN_ADDRESS; // remove before deployment
address public NOIA_VAULT_ADDRESS; // remove before deployment
mapping(address => address[]) public vaults;
event VaultCreated(address indexed beneficiary, uint256 lockTill, address vaultAddress);
modifier onlyOwner() {
Erequire(msg.sender == Ownable(NOIA_TOKEN_ADDRESS).owner(), "Caller is not NOIA Token owner");
_;
}
constructor(address _noiaVaultAddress, address _noiaTokenAddress) public { // remove before deployment
NOIA_VAULT_ADDRESS = _noiaVaultAddress;
NOIA_TOKEN_ADDRESS = _noiaTokenAddress;
}
function createVault(address _beneficiary, uint256 _lockTill) public {
address clone = createClone(NOIA_VAULT_ADDRESS);
//NOIAVault(clone).initialize(_beneficiary, _lockTill); // uncomment before deployment
NOIAVault(clone).initialize(_beneficiary, _lockTill, NOIA_TOKEN_ADDRESS); // remove before deployment
vaults[_beneficiary].push(clone);
emit VaultCreated(_beneficiary, _lockTill, clone);
}
function unlockableBalanceOf(address _beneficiary) public view returns (uint256) {
uint256 total = 0;
address[] memory addrs = vaults[_beneficiary];
for (uint256 i = 0; i < addrs.length; i++) {
NOIAVault vault = NOIAVault(addrs[i]);
if (vault.lockTill() < now) {
total = total.add(IERC20(NOIA_TOKEN_ADDRESS).balanceOf(addrs[i]));
}
}
return total;
}
function totalBalanceOf(address _beneficiary) public view returns (uint256) {
uint256 total = 0;
address[] memory addrs = vaults[_beneficiary];
for (uint256 i = 0; i < addrs.length; i++) {
total = total.add(IERC20(NOIA_TOKEN_ADDRESS).balanceOf(addrs[i]));
}
return total;
}
function getVaultsCount(address beneficiary) public view returns (uint256) {
return vaults[beneficiary].length;
}
function recoverTokens(IERC20 token, address to, uint256 amount) public onlyOwner {
uint256 balance = token.balanceOf(address(this));
Irequire(balance >= amount, "Given amount is larger than current balance");
token.safeTransfer(to, amount);
}
/* ERC-1167 minimal proxy contract */
function createClone(address target) internal returns (address result) {
bytes20 targetBytes = bytes20(target);
assembly {
let clone := mload(0x40)
mstore(clone, 0x3d602d80600a3d3981f3363d3d373d3d3d363d73000000000000000000000000)
mstore(add(clone, 0x14), targetBytes)
mstore(add(clone, 0x28), 0x5af43d82803e903d91602b57fd5bf30000000000000000000000000000000000)
result := create(0, clone, 0x37)
}
}
} |


Our business solutions help customers implement best-in-class solutions for operational excellence, business intelligence, and risk compliance management. Our deep portfolio of business solutions addresses a range of customer needs, including customer relationship management, procurement, and supply chain management.
It allows you to build, deploy, and operate applications environments on-premises.
As organizations seek innovation by adopting public, private, and hybrid clouds, many of them are running up against formidable barriers.


| Arg |
Parsing of command line arguments.
|
| Array |
Array operations.
|
| ArrayLabels |
Array operations.
|
| Buffer |
Extensible buffers.
|
| Bytes |
Byte sequence operations.
|
| BytesLabels |
Byte sequence operations.
|
| Callback |
Registering OCaml values with the C runtime.
|
| CamlinternalFormat | |
| CamlinternalFormatBasics | |
| CamlinternalLazy |
Run-time support for lazy values.
|
| CamlinternalMod |
Run-time support for recursive modules.
|
| CamlinternalOO |
Run-time support for objects and classes.
|
| Char |
Character operations.
|
| Complex |
Complex numbers.
|
| Digest |
MD5 message digest.
|
| Filename |
Operations on file names.
|
| Format |
Pretty printing.
|
| Gc |
Memory management control and statistics; finalised values.
|
| Genlex |
A generic lexical analyzer.
|
| Hashtbl |
Hash tables and hash functions.
|
| Int32 |
32-bit integers.
|
| Int64 |
64-bit integers.
|
| Lazy |
Deferred computations.
|
| Lexing |
The run-time library for lexers generated by
ocamllex .
|
| List |
List operations.
|
| ListLabels |
List operations.
|
| Map |
Association tables over ordered types.
|
| Marshal |
Marshaling of data structures.
|
| MoreLabels |
Extra labeled libraries.
|
| Nativeint |
Processor-native integers.
|
| Obj |
Operations on internal representations of values.
|
| Oo |
Operations on objects
|
| Parsing |
The run-time library for parsers generated by
ocamlyacc .
|
| Pervasives |
The initially opened module.
|
| Printexc |
Facilities for printing exceptions and inspecting current call stack.
|
| Printf |
Formatted output functions.
|
| Queue |
First-in first-out queues.
|
| Random |
Pseudo-random number generators (PRNG).
|
| Scanf |
Formatted input functions.
|
| Set |
Sets over ordered types.
|
| Sort |
Sorting and merging lists.
|
| Stack |
Last-in first-out stacks.
|
| StdLabels |
Standard labeled libraries.
|
| Stream |
Streams and parsers.
|
| String |
String operations.
|
| StringLabels |
String operations.
|
| Sys |
System interface.
|
| Weak |
Arrays of weak pointers and hash tables of weak pointers.
|
| Ast_helper |
Helpers to produce Parsetree fragments
|
| Ast_mapper |
The interface of a -ppx rewriter
|
| Asttypes | |
| Docstrings |
(Re)Initialise all docstring state
|
| Lexer | |
| Location |
An arbitrary value of type
t ; describes an empty ghost range.
|
| Longident | |
| Parse | |
| Parser | |
| Parsetree |
Abstract syntax tree produced by parsing
|
| Pprintast | |
| Printast | |
| Syntaxerr | |
| Unix |
Interface to the Unix system.
|
| Str |
Regular expressions and high-level string processing
|
| Bigarray |
Large, multi-dimensional, numerical arrays.
|
| Num |
Operation on arbitrary-precision numbers.
|


At the core of the new design is a state object that is shared between the multiple helper objects in the system. This separation of state and function enables coherency throughout the entire system, a coherency that was not possible in the first design. While every piece of software is what we call a state machine (including the first design), the realization and exploitation of this fundamental nature of the system empowers the designers to more fully understand and more effectively implement the functional requirements of the system.
But what is a state machine? Defined by Wikipedia's article:
A finite-state machine (FSM) or finite-state automaton (plural: automata), or simply a state machine, is a mathematical model of computation used to design both computer programs and sequential logic circuits. It is conceived as an abstract machine that can be in one of a finite number of states. The machine is in only one state at a time; the state it is in at any given time is called the current state. It can change from one state to another when initiated by a triggering event or condition; this is called a transition. A particular FSM is defined by a list of its states, and the triggering condition for each transition.In simpler words, a state machine is a conceptual device composed of distinct states and transitions between those states. As an example, consider an ATM: simplified, it has quite a few states:
Our game is now very similar. While every piece of software is a state machine in the end, coherent pieces of software usually have some sort of state the the explicitly keep in some custom data structure. We now have exactly this; our implementation keeps track of many different states of the game (while DFAs are one-state only, equivalent NFAs allow multiple concurrent states), such as which way the player is facing, what power they've selected, what map their on in the world, their current position on the map, etc. By sharing this state object between the interface and the player, we can keep consistency in the design and keep the code clear.


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We are Aberdeen based RGU university team building this website which mimics many e-commerce service providers.
Meet our team!Highly experienced software developer and business analyst.
Super experienced software engineer and data analyst.
Highly experienced software developer and designer.


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Drones are becoming more common in the research field because drones can reach areas unreachable by people. Drones have been used to fly over historical buildings, glaciers, forestry, and volcanic eruptions. Ocean drones have mapped depths of the sea which for the most part was unexplored.
ConservationDrones.org is a community of researchers that have mapped hundreds of areas across Africa. They have discovered orangutan nest in the forest canopies, which is critical information for the fighting against poachers.
Agriculture researchers have used drones to monitor water usage in areas suffering from droughts in order to improve efficiency. The low altitude drones provide images that are more precise than satellites at a fraction of the price.
Mark Ditmer, a biologist from University of Minnesota has begun researching the effects drones have on wildlife. Mark Ditmer started testing animals to see how much stress is inflicted on animals by the sight and sound of drones flying overhead. A different study concluded that three species of birds were not disturbed by the drones, the birds did not fly away when a drone hovered over them.
Although Amazon’s efforts to launch aerial delivery systems have delayed due to FAA regulations, they are not the only ones to fall under the FAA’s radar. Drones in the US are sanctioned for use for various military, research and recreational means. These such drones are not subject to the same amount of regulation as those in research and recreation.
UAVs in the US are regulated up to 400 ft of airspace in populated areas. Commercial use of such drones have not been sanctioned by the FAA and are currently illegal. With concerns of air space and ground safety, the FAA is reluctant on providing licenses to commercial businesses to test any drone services within the United States. Due to this inability to research within the United State’s borders, Amazon has been forced to test out their technology in the United Kingdom.
On the other side of the spectrum, many fear of the possible safety concerns drones may bring.
For instance, there was a near collision in Fresno involving a drone and a SkyLife Helicopter in August 2015. The near collision happened about 1000ft. in the air.
Along with the near collision, drones have been frequently used for criminal activity. The Border Patrol has recently said that Mexican cartels have used drones to bring illegal drugs across the border. Drones have been used in countries such as Russia, Australia, and the US to get contraband into prisons.


Human
Rock
Dynamite
despair
despair_greenery
platformer
platformer_greenery
chamber
ants
rdm agonists
Start
Stop
Restart
Redraw
#
current agonists
#
dead
#
ms step
#
ms render
#
ccs
fullscreen


IE 11 only: If you are running this sample from the local filesystem, click the "Allow blocked content" button in the popup below to enable JavaScript.
Name
Connect
Balance
Instrument
Airtel
Dell
IBM
Oracle
Microsoft
Solace
SAP
Singtel
Tata
Oracle
Quantity
Buy
Sell
Check
Done


Ever struggled with bugs in JavaScript? Then Panic.js is your instant best friend. Delivers better error diagnostics to Chrome, Safari and Firefox.
Cross-platform uncaught exception handling (works around incomplete 'onerror' impl. in Safari).
Maintains callstack persistence across async call boundaries (addEventListener, setTimeout).
Loads and displays expandable source lines for fast identification.
Hides third party code by default (can be displayed by pressing 'more').
Grouping of message duplicates.
Grouping of same source line repeated consequently.
Complete API for it's internals (exception handling / callstack access) — TBD
Err... isn't this what debug tools are for?
Yes, and this is "debug tools" too, but more specific. It is not a replacement to WebInspector, but a power-up. WebInspector is just not good enough for the quick identification of typical errors that occur often during development process. In most cases, they require no detailed inspection of the full source code — you can identify problem cause just by briefly looking at the source line. Displaying full info, as WebInspector does, would slow down things: you need to scroll through tons of text, expand cryptic traces by clicking, and then clicking and waiting again to load sources in separate window.
And because WebInspector is a separate tool, you might not even know that something's broken, until its opened. You can imagine Panic.js as a small and fast subset of WebInspector, inlined into your page until it goes to the production, like a scaffolding.
Configuring
Simply link the script to a page, and it will configure itself automagically™. Requires underscore and jQuery.
Before use, consider that the distribution contains full Useless toolkit, where the diagnostics-related utility [responsible for all the magic behind Panic.js] appear a small fraction of entire codebase. In other words, it brings a holy shitload of code, which can possibly cause all sort of compatibility-related issues.
But in most cases, it should work out of the box. And supposing that you don't ever plan using Panic.js on production server (why would you), size of the script doesn't matter that much.
Limitations
Does not display source lines if executed from local HTML file (as sources are read by XHR requests).


Safety commission has dubbed crib bumpers a suffocation hazard
by Laura ItalianoA common adornment of the well-apportioned baby crib — protective cloth “bumpers” — have been linked to dozens of accidental infant suffocation deaths in recent decades, a new investigation revealed.
Padded crib bumpers have been implicated by medical examiners in at least 35 baby deaths across the country, the Washington Post reported.
The National Institutes of Health, American Academy of Pediatrics and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention all have warned the public against using bumpers for years, the paper reported.
Still, the US Consumer Product Safety Commission has failed, until now, to rule that padded bumpers were to blame in the deaths.
The commission has a new acting chairman — longtime commissioner Robert Adler — who told the paper he plans to invite outside experts to come in and debate the safety of crib bumpers at a public hearing in early 2020.


Hub genes and their genetic alterations identification. a The top 20 hub genes were identified through cytoHubba. (note: the redder the nodes color, the higher the ranking). b A visual summary of the hub genes’ genetic alterations in ovarian cancer samples. c An overview of the 20 genes’ genetic alterations in OV TCGA dataset


--- layout: post title: Scanner, Oh Joy! date: 2011-07-25 04:26:28.000000000 -07:00 type: post published: true status: publish categories: [] tags: [] meta: _edit_last: '1' author: login: admin email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>display_name: admin first_name: Carina C. last_name: Zon ---
Fast scanner + quality OCR + an OS that indexes PDFs + high-capacity shredder = satisfying feeling of getting closer to the dream of a (relatively-)paperless office.


Classic Tic-Tac-Toe game; play against the computer
Source Code
Hit restart at any time to start over


This file will render views from views/pages/
PHP versions 4 and 5
CakePHP(tm) : Rapid Development Framework (http://cakephp.org) Copyright 2005-2010, Cake Software Foundation, Inc. (http://cakefoundation.org)
Licensed under The MIT License Redistributions of files must retain the above copyright notice.
Copyright 2005-2010, Cake Software Foundation, Inc. (http://cakefoundation.org) CakePHP(tm) Project cake.cake.libs.controller CakePHP(tm) v 0.2.9 MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php) Static content controller Override this controller by placing a copy in controllers directory of an application cake.cake.libs.controller http://book.cakephp.org/view/958/The-Pages-Controller


MVT: Mapbox Vector Tiles
Starting with GDAL 2.3, the MVT driver can read and write Mapbox Vector Tile files,
as standalone files, uncompressed or gzip-compressed (typical extensions are
.pbf, .mvt, .mvt.gz), or a tileset at a given zoom level of such files.
Write support requires GDAL to be built with libsqlite3 and GEOS support.
Mapbox Vector Tiles stored within a SQLite container conforming to the
MBTiles format are handled by the MBTiles driver.
Tilesets of MVT files can for example be generated by
tippecanoe or
tileserver-gl. The output
file hierarchy will contain a metadata.json
file at its root and {z}/{x}/{y}.pbf files with the tiles, where z is the
zoom level and (x, y) the coordinate of the tile in a given zoom level.
The origin of the tiling system is the top-left tile(XYZ convention).
For example, for zoom levels 0 and 1 :
/metadata.json
/0/
0/
0.pbf
/1/
0/
0.pbf
1.pbf
1/
0.pbf
1.pbf
The driver will assume by default EPSG:3857 (WebMercator) spatial reference system and
Z/X/Y tiling structure, if opening a filename with {Z}/{X}/{Y}.pbf or
{Z}-{X}-{Y}.pbf name, or a zoom level of a tileset. Otherwise integer coordinates
will be reported.
Note: When opening a zoom level of a tileset, the driver will make no effort of
stiching together geometries for features that overlap several tiles.
Connection strings
The following connection strings are supported:
- /path/to/some.pbf
- MVT:http[s]://path/to/some.pbf
- /path/to/{Z}: where {Z} is a zoom level between 0 and 30,
tiles are in /path/to/{Z}/{X}/{Y}.pbf files, and /path/to/metadata.json
or /path/to.json should typically exist.
- MVT:http[s]://path/to/{Z]
The MVT: prefix may be added before the filename or directory name to help
forcing identification of datasets in some rare cases where non-guided
identification would fail.
This file is typically generated by tippecanoe and has the following
content:
{
"name": "my_layername",
"description": "my_layername",
"version": "2",
"minzoom": "0",
"maxzoom": "0",
"center": "2.500000,49.500000,0",
"bounds": "2.000000,49.000000,3.000000,50.000000",
"type": "overlay",
"format": "pbf",
"json": "{
\"vector_layers\": [ {
\"id\": \"my_layername\",
\"description\": \"\",
\"minzoom\": 0,
\"maxzoom\": 0,
\"fields\": {
\"bool_false\": \"Boolean\",
\"bool_true\": \"Boolean\",
\"float_value\": \"Number\",
\"pos_int_value\": \"Number\",
\"pos_int64_value\": \"Number\",
\"neg_int_value\": \"Number\",
\"neg_int64_value\": \"Number\",
\"pos_sint_value\": \"Number\",
\"pos_sint64_value\": \"Number\",
\"neg_sint_value\": \"Number\",
\"neg_sint64_value\": \"Number\",
\"real_value\": \"Number\",
\"string_value\": \"String\",
\"uint_value\": \"Number\",
\"uint64_value\": \"Number\"
}
} ],
\"tilestats\": {
\"layerCount\": 1,
\"layers\": [
{
\"layer\": \"my_layername\",
\"count\": 2,
\"geometry\": \"Point\",
\"attributeCount\": 0,
\"attributes\": []
}
]
}
}}"
}
The MVT driver only uses the "json" key to retrieve the layer names,
their fields and the geometry type, and the "bounds" key for the layer extent.
If this file cannot be found, the layer schema is established by
scanning the features of the tile(s).
As an extension, OGR handles in reading and writing custom tiling schemes
by using the crs, tile_origin_upper_left_x, tile_origin_upper_left_y
and tile_dimension_zoom_0 metadata items. For example, for the
Finnish ETRS-TM35FIN (EPSG:3067) tiling scheme:
{
...
"crs":"EPSG:3067",
"tile_origin_upper_left_x":-548576.0,
"tile_origin_upper_left_y":8388608.0,
"tile_dimension_zoom_0":2097152.0,
}
Opening options
The following open options are available:
- X=int_value: X coordinate of the EPSG:3857 tile.
- Y=int_value: Y coordinate of the EPSG:3857 tile.
- Z=int_value: Z coordinate of the EPSG:3857 tile.
- METADATA_FILE=filename: Filename of a metadata.json-like file.
If opening a /path/to/{Z}/{X}/{Y}.pbf file, the driver will by default try to
find /path/to/metadata.json. Setting the value to the empty string is a way
of avoid the metadata.json file to be used.
- CLIP=YES/NO: Whether to clip geometries of vector features to tile extent.
Generators of vector files will typically create geometries with a small buffer
beyond the tile extent so that geometries intersecting several tiles can be
unioned back. Defaults to YES so that that buffer is removed and geometries are
clipped exactly to the tile extent.
- TILE_EXTENSION=string: For tilesets, extension of tiles. Defaults
to pbf.
- TILE_COUNT_TO_ESTABLISH_FEATURE_DEFN=int_value: For tilesets without
metadata file, maximum number of tiles to use to establish the layer schemas.
Defaults to 1000.
JSON_FIELD=YES/NO: For tilesets, whether to put all attributes as a
serialized JSon dictionary.
Creation issues
Tiles are generated with WebMercator (EPSG:3857) projection by default (
custom tiling schemes can be defined with the TILING_SCHEME option).
Several layers can be written. It is possible to decide at which zoom level ranges a given
layer is written.
Part of the conversion is multi-threaded by default, using as many threads
as they are cores. The number of threads used can be controlled with the
GDAL_NUM_THREADS configuration option.
Dataset creation options
- NAME=string: Tileset name. Defaults to the basename of the output
file/directory. Used to fill metadata records.
- DESCRIPTION=string: A description of the tileset. Used to fill
metadata records.
- TYPE=overlay/baselayer: Layer type. Used to fill metadata records.
- FORMAT=DIRECTORY/MBTILES: Format into which tiles are written.
DIRECTORY means that tiles are written in a hierarchy like out_dir/{z}/{x}/{y}.pbf.
MBTILES is for a MBTILES container. Defaults to DIRECTORY, unless the output
filename has a .mbtiles extension
- TILE_EXTENSION=string: For tilesets as directories of files,
extension of tiles. Defaults to pbf.
- MINZOOM=integer: Minimum zoom level at which tiles are generated. Defaults
to 0.
- MAXZOOM=integer: Minimum zoom level at which tiles are generated. Defaults
to 5. Maximum supported value is 22
- CONF=string: Layer configuration as a JSon serialized string.
- SIMPLIFICATION=float: Simplification factor for linear or polygonal
geometries. The unit is the integer unit of tiles after quantification of
geometry coordinates to tile coordinates. Applies to all zoom levels,
unless SIMPLIFICATION_MAX_ZOOM is also defined.
- SIMPLIFICATION_MAX_ZOOM=float: Simplification factor for linear or polygonal
geometries, that applies only for the maximum zoom level.
- EXTENT=positive_integer. Number of units in a tile. The greater, the
more accurate geometry coordinates (at the expense of tile byte size).
Defaults to 4096
- BUFFER=positive_integer. Number of units for geometry buffering. This
value corresponds to a buffer around each side of a tile into which geometries are
fetched and clipped. This is used for proper rendering of geometries that spread
over tile boundaries by some rendering clients. Defaults to 80 if EXTENT=4096.
- COMPRESS=YES/NO. Whether to compress tiles with the Deflate/GZip
algorithm. Defaults to YES. Should be left to YES for FORMAT=MBTILES.
- TEMPORARY_DB=string. Filename with path for the temporary database used
for tile generation. By default, this will be a file in the same directory as
the output file/directory.
- MAX_SIZE=integer. Maximum size of a tile in bytes (after compression).
Defaults to 500 000. If a tile is greater than this threshold, features will be
written with reduced precision, or discarded.
- MAX_FEATURES=integer. Maximum number of features per tile. Defaults
to 200 000.
- BOUNDS=min_long,min_lat,max_long,max_lat. Override default value for
bounds metadata item which is computed from the extent of features written.
- CENTER=long,lat,zoom_level. Override default value for center
metadata item, which is the center of BOUNDS at minimum zoom level.
- TILING_SCHEME=crs,tile_origin_upper_left_x,tile_origin_upper_left_y,
tile_dimension_zoom_0: Define a custom tiling scheme with a CRS (typically
given as EPSG:XXXX), the coordinates of the upper-left corner of the upper-left
tile (0,0) in the CRS, and the dimension of the tile at zoom level 0.
Only available for FORMAT=DIRECTORY.
The standard WebMercator tiling scheme would be defined by
"EPSG:3857,-20037508.343,20037508.343,40075016.686".
A tiling scheme for WGS84 geodetic could be "EPSG:4326,-180,180,360".
The tiling scheme for Finnish ETRS-TM35FIN (EPSG:3067) is
"EPSG:3067,-548576,8388608,2097152".
When using such as custom tiling scheme, the 'crs', 'tile_origin_upper_left_x',
'tile_origin_upper_left_y' and 'tile_dimension_zoom_0' entries are added to
the metadata.json, and are honoured by the OGR MVT reader.
Layer configuration
The above mentioned CONF dataset creation option can be set to a string whose
value is a JSon serialized document such as the below one:
{
"boundaries_lod0": {
"target_name": "boundaries",
"description": "Country boundaries",
"minzoom": 0,
"maxzoom": 2
},
"boundaries_lod1": {
"target_name": "boundaries",
"minzoom": 3,
"maxzoom": 5
}
}
boundaries_lod0 and boundaries_lod1 are the name of the OGR
layers that are created into the target MVT dataset. They are mapped to
the MVT target layer boundaries.
It is also possible to get the same behaviour with the below layer creation
options, although that is not convenient in the ogr2ogr use case.
Layer creation options
- MINZOOM=integer: Minimum zoom level at which tiles are generated. Defaults
to the dataset creation option MINZOOM value.
- MAXZOOM=integer: Minimum zoom level at which tiles are generated. Defaults
to the dataset creation option MAXZOOM value. Maximum supported value is 22
- NAME=string: Target layer name. Defaults to the layer name, but can
be overridden so that several OGR layers map to a single target MVT layer.
The typical use case is to have different OGR layers for mutually exclusive
zoom level ranges.
- DESCRIPTION=string: A description of the layer.
Examples
ogrinfo MVT:https://free.tilehosting.com/data/v3/1 -oo tile_extension="pbf.pict?key=${YOUR_KEY}" --debug on -oo metadata_file="https://free.tilehosting.com/data/v3.json?key=${YOUR_KEY}"
ogr2ogr -f MVT mytileset source.gpkg -dsco MAXZOOM=10
See Also:


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{% extends 'base.html' %} {% load static%} {% block content %} {% if res %} {% for item in res %} {{item.title}} {{item.description}}} {% endfor %} {% else %} Sorry, mate! We can't seem to find what you are looking for {% endif %} {% endblock %}
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DinoFightinSaurs
DinoFightinSaurs was a game developed for the MSU Game Design Specialization. It is an action arena game where 2-4 players can engage in ranged combat.
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Go Bird, Go! was a game developed for the MSU Game Design Specialization. It is a fast paced arcade game to play ones leisure.
I have devoted much of my time to developing my computer science skills. However, I often explore my other passions such as art and music in my free time. This site is meant to broadly describe my passions and skill sets across many disciplines.


"""
On the core level the electric motor environment and the interface to its submodules are defined. By using these
interfaces further reference generators, reward functions, visualizations or physical models can be implemented.
Each ElectricMotorEnvironment contains the four following modules:
* PhysicalSystem
- Specification and simulation of the physical model. Furthermore, specifies limits and nominal values\
for all of its ``state_variables``.
* ReferenceGenerator
- Calculation of reference trajectories for one or more states of the physical systems ``state_variables``.
* RewardFunction
- Calculation of the reward based on the physical systems state and the reference.\
Furthermore, observation of the physical systems limits.
* ElectricMotorVisualization
- Visualization of the PhysicalSystems state, reference and reward for the user.
"""
import gym
import numpy as np
from gym.spaces import Box
from .utils import set_state_array
from .utils import instantiate
[docs]class ElectricMotorEnvironment(gym.core.Env):
"""
Description:
The main class connecting all modules of the gym-electric-motor environments.
Modules:
Physical System:
Containing the physical structure and simulation of the drive system as well as information about the
technical limits and nominal values. Needs to be a subclass of *PhysicalSystem*
Reference Generator:
Generation of the reference for the motor to follow. Needs to be a subclass of *ReferenceGenerator*
Reward Function:
Calculation of the reward based on the state of the physical system and the generated reference
and observation if the motor state is within the limits. Needs to be a subclass of *RewardFunction*.
Visualization:
Visualization of the motors states. Needs to be a subclass of *ElectricMotorVisualization*
State Variables:
Each environment has got a list of state variables that are defined by the physical system.
These define the names and order for all further state arrays in the modules. These states are announced to the
other modules by announcing the physical system to them, which contains the property ``state_names``.
Example:
``['omega', 'torque','i', 'u', 'u_sup']``
Observation:
Type: Tuple(State_Space, Reference_Space)
The observation is always a tuple of the State Space of the Physical System and the Reference Space of the
Reference Generator. In all current Physical Systems and Reference Generators these Spaces are normalized,
continuous, multidimensional boxes in [-1, 1] or [0, 1].
Actions:
Type: Discrete() / Box()
The action space of the environments are the action spaces of the physical systems. In all current physical
systems the action spaces are specified by its PowerElectronicConverter and either a continuous,
multidimensional box or discrete.
Reward:
The reward and the reward range are specified by the RewardFunction. In general the reward is higher the closer
the motor state follows the reference trajectories.
Starting State:
The physical system and the reference generator define the starting state.
Episode Termination:
Episode terminations can be initiated by the reference generator, or the reward function.
A reference generator might terminate an episode, if the reference has ended.
The reward function can terminate an episode, if a physical limit of the motor has been violated.
"""
@property
def physical_system(self):
"""
Returns:
PhysicalSystem: The Physical System of the Environment
"""
return self._physical_system
@property
def reference_generator(self):
"""
Returns:
ReferenceGenerator: The ReferenceGenerator of the Environment
"""
return self._reference_generator
@reference_generator.setter
def reference_generator(self, reference_generator):
"""
Setting of a new reference generator for the environment. Afterwards, a reset is required.
Args:
reference_generator(ReferenceGenerator): The new reference generator of the environment.
"""
self._reference_generator = reference_generator
self._reset_required = True
@property
def reward_function(self):
"""
Returns:
RewardFunction: The RewardFunction of the environment
"""
return self._reward_function
@reward_function.setter
def reward_function(self, reward_function):
"""
Setting of a new reward function for the environment. Afterwards, a reset is required.
Args:
reward_function(RewardFunction): The new reward function of the environment.
"""
self._reward_function = reward_function
self._reset_required = True
def __init__(self, physical_system, reference_generator, reward_function, visualization=None, state_filter=None,
**kwargs):
"""
Setting and initialization of all environments' modules.
Args:
physical_system(PhysicalSystem): The physical system of this environment.
reference_generator(ReferenceGenerator): The reference generator of this environment.
reward_function(RewardFunction): The reward function of this environment.
visualization(ElectricMotorVisualization): The visualization of this environment.
state_filter(list(str)): Selection of states that are shown in the observation.
**kwargs: Arguments to be passed to the modules.
"""
self._physical_system = instantiate(PhysicalSystem, physical_system, **kwargs)
self._reference_generator = instantiate(ReferenceGenerator, reference_generator, **kwargs)
self._reward_function = instantiate(RewardFunction, reward_function, **kwargs)
visualization = visualization or ElectricMotorVisualization()
self._visualization = instantiate(ElectricMotorVisualization, visualization, **kwargs)
# Announcement of the Modules among each other
self._reference_generator.set_modules(self.physical_system)
self._reward_function.set_modules(self.physical_system, self._reference_generator)
self._visualization.set_modules(self.physical_system, self._reference_generator, self._reward_function)
self._reset_required = True
# Initialization of properties
self._state = np.zeros(len(self.physical_system.state_names))
self._reference = np.zeros(len(self.physical_system.state_names))
self._reward = 0.0
# Initialization of the state filter and the spaces
state_filter = state_filter or self._physical_system.state_names
self._state_filter = []
for state_var in state_filter:
self._state_filter.append(np.where(np.array(self._physical_system.state_names) == state_var)[0][0])
states_low = self._physical_system.state_space.low[self._state_filter]
states_high = self._physical_system.state_space.high[self._state_filter]
state_space = Box(states_low, states_high)
self.observation_space = gym.spaces.Tuple((
state_space,
self._reference_generator.reference_space
))
self.action_space = self.physical_system.action_space
self.reward_range = self._reward_function.reward_range
[docs] def reset(self, *_, **__):
"""
Reset of the environment and all its modules to an initial state.
Returns:
The initial observation consisting of the initial state and initial reference.
"""
self._reset_required = False
self._state = self._physical_system.reset()
self._reference, next_ref, trajectories = self.reference_generator.reset(self._state)
self._visualization.reset(trajectories)
self._reward_function.reset(self._state, self._reference)
self._reward = 0.0
return self._state[self._state_filter], next_ref
[docs] def render(self, *_, **__):
"""
Update the visualization of the motor.
"""
self._visualization.step(self._state, self._reference, self._reward)
[docs] def step(self, action):
"""
Perform one simulation step of the environment with an action of the action space.
Args:
action: Action to play on the environment.
Returns:
observation(Tuple(ndarray(float),ndarray(float)): Tuple of the new state and the next reference.
reward(float): Amount of reward received for the last step.
done(bool): Flag, indicating if a reset is required before new steps can be taken.
{}: An empty dictionary for consistency with the OpenAi Gym interface.
"""
if self._reset_required:
raise Exception('A reset is required before the environment can perform further steps')
self._state = self._physical_system.simulate(action)
self._reference = self.reference_generator.get_reference(self._state)
self._reward, self._reset_required = self._reward_function.reward(self._state, self._reference, action)
ref_next = self.reference_generator.get_reference_observation(self._state)
return (self._state[self._state_filter], ref_next), self._reward, self._reset_required, {}
[docs] def close(self):
"""
Called when the environment is deleted. Closes all its modules.
"""
self._reward_function.close()
self._physical_system.close()
self._reference_generator.close()
self._visualization.close()
[docs]class ElectricMotorVisualization:
"""
Base class for all visualizations in the gym-electric-motor toolbox and an empty dummy visualization, if no
visualization is required.
"""
[docs] def set_modules(self, physical_system, reference_generator, reward_function):
"""
Args:
physical_system(PhysicalSystem):
This function is called from the environment in its initialization.
Settings that require the knowledge of the physical system (like setting of state variables) have to be
done in this function.
reference_generator(ReferenceGenerator):
This function is called from the environment in its initialization.
Settings that require the knowledge of the reference generator (like setting of referenced variables)
have to be done in this function.
reward_function(RewardFunction):
This function is called from the environment in its initialization.
Settings that require the knowledge of the reward function (like setting of reward ranges) have
to be done in this function.
"""
pass
[docs] def reset(self, reference_trajectories=None, *_, **__):
"""
Called when the environment is reset to clear or save plots etc.
Args:
reference_trajectories(dict(list/ndarray(float))): If references are known in advance by the reference
generator, they are passed here to the visualization as a dictionary of the state_name to a
list of future reference points.
"""
pass
[docs] def step(self, state, reference, reward, *_, **__):
"""
Called by the environment every cycle and passes the current, normalized state array,
the normalized references in the same shape as the state array and the received reward.
For non-referenced states the value in the reference array can be ignored.
Example:
```state_variables = ['omega', 'torque', 'i', 'u', 'u_sup']```
```state = [0.65, 0.32, 0.2, 1.0, 1.0]```
```reference = [0.7, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0]```
Only the first reference value is important here, because all others are not referenced.
Args:
state(ndarray(float)): The state of the physical system.
reference(ndarray(float)): The reference array of the reference generator.
reward(float): The reward from the reward function.
"""
pass
[docs] def close(self, *_, **__):
"""
Called when the environment is deleted to close or save figures, logs etc.
"""
pass
[docs]class ReferenceGenerator:
"""
The abstract base class for reference generators in the gym electric motor environments.
reference_space:
Space from the OpenAI Gym Toolbox to define the space of the reference observations.
The reference generator is called twice per step.
Call of get_reference():
Once, to get the reference array. The reference array has got the same shape as the state array and contains
the current reference values for referenced state variables and a default value (e.g zero) at all other entries.
This reference array is used to calculate the rewards.
Example:
``reference_array=np.array([0.8, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0])`` \n
``state_variables=['omega', 'torque', 'i', 'u', 'u_sup']`` \n
This would be the corresponding reference array for an environment with the upper state array with an omega
reference.
Call of get_reference_observation():
Another time to get the reference observation. The reference observation needs to be in the defined reference
space. For example, it can contain future reference values of the next n steps (of the referenced states only).
It can have in general any shape and content. The returned object of this method is the reference that is
shown to the agent.
Example:
``reference_observation = np.array([0.8, 0.6, 0.4])`` \n
This array could model a reference observation for an omega controlled environment that shows the agent not
only the reference for the next time step t+1 but also t+3 and t+3.
"""
#: The gym.space the references are in.
reference_space = None
_physical_system = None
_referenced_states = None
@property
def referenced_states(self):
"""
Returns:
ndarray(bool): Boolean-Array with the length of the state_variables indicating which states are referenced.
"""
return self._referenced_states
[docs] def set_modules(self, physical_system):
"""
Announcement of the PhysicalSystem to the ReferenceGenerator.
In subclasses, store all important information from the physical system to the ReferenceGenerator here.
The environment announces the physical system to the ReferenceGenerator during its initialization.
Args:
physical_system(PhysicalSystem): The physical system of the environment.
"""
self._physical_system = physical_system
[docs] def get_reference(self, state, *_, **__):
"""
Returns the reference array of the current time step.
The reference array needs to be in the same shape as the state variables. For referenced states the reference
value is passed. For unreferenced states a default value (e.g. Zero) can be set in the reference array.
Args:
state(ndarray(float)): Current state array of the environment.
Returns:
ndarray(float)): Current reference array.
"""
raise NotImplementedError
[docs] def get_reference_observation(self, state, *_, **__):
"""
Returns the reference observation for the next time step. This observation needs to fit in the reference space.
Args:
state(ndarray(float)): Current state array of the environment.
Returns:
value in reference_space: Observation for the next reference time step.
"""
raise NotImplementedError
[docs] def reset(self, initial_state=None, initial_reference=None):
"""
Reset of references for a new episode.
Args:
initial_state(ndarray(float)): The initial state array of the environment.
initial_reference(ndarray(float)): If not None: A desired initial reference array.
Returns:
reference_array(ndarray(float)): The current reference array of time step 0.
reference_observation(value in reference_space): The reference observation for the next time step. \\
trajectories(dict(list(float)): If available, \
generated trajectories for the Visualization can be passed here. Otherwise return None. \
"""
return self.get_reference(initial_state), self.get_reference_observation(initial_state), None
[docs] def close(self):
"""
Called by the environment, when the environment is deleted to close files, store logs...
"""
pass
[docs]class RewardFunction:
"""
The abstract base class for reward functions in the gym electric motor environments.
The reward function is called once per step and returns reward for the current time step.
Furthermore, the reward function includes the limit observer. If limits have been violated and the episode ended
a different reward for violating the limits is returned.
reward_range:
Tuple(float, float): Defining lowest and highest possible rewards for non limit-violating steps.
"""
#: Tuple(int,int): Lower and upper possible reward (excluding limit violation reward)
reward_range = (-np.inf, np.inf)
def __init__(self, observed_states=None, **__):
"""
Args:
observed_states(list/tuple(str)): Names of the observed states. ['all'] for the observation of every state.
"""
self._physical_system = None
observed_states = observed_states or ()
self._observed_states = dict.fromkeys(observed_states, 1)
self._reference_generator = None
self._limits = None
def __call__(self, state, reference):
"""
Call of the reward calculation.
Args:
state: State array of the environment.
reference: Reference array of the environment.
Returns:
float: The reward for the state, reference pair
"""
return self.reward(state, reference)
[docs] def set_modules(self, physical_system, reference_generator):
"""
Setting of the physical system, to set state arrays fitting to the environments states
Args:
physical_system(PhysicalSystem): The physical system of the environment
reference_generator(ReferenceGenerator): The reference generator of the environment.
"""
self._physical_system = physical_system
if 'all' in self._observed_states.keys():
self._observed_states = dict.fromkeys(physical_system.state_names, 1)
self._observed_states = set_state_array(self._observed_states, physical_system.state_names).astype(bool)
self._limits = physical_system.limits / abs(physical_system.limits)
self._reference_generator = reference_generator
[docs] def reward(self, state, reference, action=None):
"""
Reward calculation. If limits have been violated the limit violation reward will be returned. Otherwise,
the standard reward will be returned.
Args:
state(ndarray(float)): Environments state array.
reference(ndarray(float)): Environments reference array.
action(element of action space): The previously taken action.
Returns:
float: Reward for this state, reference pair.
"""
if not self._check_limit_violation(state):
return self._reward(state, reference, action), False
else:
return self._limit_violation_reward(state), True
[docs] def reset(self, initial_state=None, initial_reference=None):
"""
This function is called by the environment when reset.
Inner states of the reward function can be reset here, if necessary.
Args:
initial_state(ndarray(float)): Initial state array of the Environment
initial_reference(ndarray(float)): Initial reference array of the environment.
"""
pass
[docs] def close(self):
"""
Called, when the environment is closed to store logs, close files etc.
"""
pass
def _check_limit_violation(self, state):
"""
Check for all observed states, if limits have been violated (i.e. any (absolute) state value is greater than
the limit defined by the physical system).
Args:
state(ndarray(float)): State array of the environment.
Returns:
bool: True, if any observed limit has been violated, False otherwise.
"""
return (abs(state[self._observed_states]) > self._limits[self._observed_states]).any()
def _limit_violation_reward(self, state):
"""
Called, when limits have been violated to return a special reward for this case.
Args:
state(ndarray(float)): Current state array of the environment.
Returns:
float: The limit violation reward.
"""
raise NotImplementedError
def _reward(self, state, reference, action):
"""
Standard reward function. Called, when no limits have been violated to calculate the reward based on the state
and the reference.
Args:
state(ndarray(float)): State array of the environment.
reference(ndarray(float): Reference array of the environment.
action(element of action space): The previously taken action.
Returns:
float: Standard reward.
"""
raise NotImplementedError
[docs]class PhysicalSystem:
"""
The Physical System module encapsulates the physical model of the system as well as the simulation from one step to
the next.
"""
_k = 0
@property
def k(self):
"""
Returns:
int: The current systems time step k.
"""
return self._k
@property
def tau(self):
"""
Returns:
float: The systems time constant tau.
"""
return self._tau
@property
def state_names(self):
"""
Returns:
ndarray(str): Array containing the names of the systems states.
"""
return self._state_names
@property
def state_positions(self):
"""
Returns:
dict(int): Dictionary mapping the state names to its positions in the state arrays
"""
return self._state_positions
@property
def action_space(self):
"""
Returns:
gym.Space: An OpenAI Gym Space that describes the possible actions on the system.
"""
return self._action_space
@property
def state_space(self):
"""
Returns:
gym.Space: An OpenAI Gym Space that describes the possible states of the system.
"""
return self._state_space
@property
def limits(self):
"""
Returns:
ndarray(float): An array containing the maximum allowed physical values for each state variable.
"""
return NotImplementedError
@property
def nominal_state(self):
"""
Returns:
ndarray(float): An array containing the nominal values for each state variable.
"""
return NotImplementedError
def __init__(self, action_space, state_space, state_names, tau):
"""
Args:
action_space(gym.Space): The set of allowed actions on the system.
state_space(gym.Space): The set of possible systems states.
state_names(ndarray(str)): The names of the systems states
tau(float): The systems simulation time interval.
"""
self._action_space = action_space
self._state_space = state_space
self._state_names = state_names
self._state_positions = {key: index for index, key in enumerate(self._state_names)}
self._tau = tau
[docs] def reset(self, initial_state=None):
"""
Reset the physical system to an initial state before a new episode starts.
Returns:
element of state_space: The initial systems state
"""
raise NotImplementedError
[docs] def simulate(self, action):
"""
Simulation of the Physical System for one time step with the input action.
This method is called in the environment in every step to update the systems state.
Args:
action(element of action_space): The action to play on the system for the next time step.
Returns:
element of state_space: The systems state after the action was applied.
"""
raise NotImplementedError
[docs] def close(self):
"""
Called, when the environment is closed.
Close the System and all of its submodules by closing files, saving logs etc.
"""
pass


Action-items holistic bandwidth paradigms networking reinvent A-list impactful technologies seamless back-end mashups; one-to-one generate mesh niches communities leading-edge revolutionary--interfaces, repurpose iterate." Synergies drive target, integrated enable widgets disintermediate B2B long-tail deliverables mindshare one-to-one whiteboard experiences. Synergize, generate aggregate platforms content. Back-end viral benchmark holistic enable platforms collaborative scalable, maximize networkeffects networks B2C methodologies web-readiness user-centric embrace. Create synergistic expedite.
E-enable extensible, networks synergies reinvent feeds cross-platform deliver disintermediate cross-platform widgets e-tailers e-commerce social functionalities widgets mashups collaborative. Best-of-breed; magnetic proactive target: extend? Users social reinvent transition folksonomies applications vortals cultivate e-commerce grow platforms bricks-and-clicks user-centred--eyeballs experiences communities, methodologies ecologies. Viral; whiteboard: viral remix social ubiquitous vortals, reinvent reinvent monetize markets disintermediate transition global.
Blogospheres drive; functionalities data-driven e-commerce extensible peer-to-peer repurpose rich applications synergistic enterprise recontextualize harness back-end. IntegrateAJAX-enabled drive reintermediate extend architectures weblogs weblogs, enhance solutions orchestrate embedded peer-to-peer incentivize standards-compliant implement reinvent incentivize mesh, incentivize networks. Beta-test productize web-enabled mashups, initiatives facilitate out-of-the-box tagclouds: B2B.


Can you find all 13 letters of Happy Birthday? They're all somewhere on this screen! Try not to click each letter more than once!
H
A
P
P
Y
B
I
R
T
H
D
A
Y


{% extends "wargame_admin/admin_base.html" %} {% load wargame_admin_tags %} {% block content %}
Are you sure you want to delete {{ object.display_name }} from the challenge {{ object.challenge.title }}?
{{ object.display_name }}


| PostgreSQL 9.0.10 Documentation | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prev | Up | Chapter 13. Concurrency Control | Next |
Though PostgreSQL provides nonblocking read/write access to table data, nonblocking read/write access is not currently offered for every index access method implemented in PostgreSQL. The various index types are handled as follows:
Short-term share/exclusive page-level locks are used for read/write access. Locks are released immediately after each index row is fetched or inserted. These index types provide the highest concurrency without deadlock conditions.
Share/exclusive hash-bucket-level locks are used for read/write access. Locks are released after the whole bucket is processed. Bucket-level locks provide better concurrency than index-level ones, but deadlock is possible since the locks are held longer than one index operation.
Short-term share/exclusive page-level locks are used for read/write access. Locks are released immediately after each index row is fetched or inserted. But note that insertion of a GIN-indexed value usually produces several index key insertions per row, so GIN might do substantial work for a single value's insertion.
Currently, B-tree indexes offer the best performance for concurrent applications; since they also have more features than hash indexes, they are the recommended index type for concurrent applications that need to index scalar data. When dealing with non-scalar data, B-trees are not useful, and GiST or GIN indexes should be used instead.


About Me
Full-Stack developer based in Minneapolis, MN with a passion for integrating technologies to solve problems and improve upon existing methods. Enjoys leveraging digital marketing to provide unique perspectives on how users interact with apps and websites. Passionate about approaching programming challenges from different angles and collaborating with others to create meaningful web applications.


Customize
Learn more about how to customize boba and build your own version from the source.
Adding Fonts
Truly make boba your own by adding a custom font.
System UI Fonts (Default)
By default, boba is configured to use the user's platform-specific system UI fonts. These fonts are modern, minimal, and have the added bonus of being zero latency as every user will already have them installed. If you're looking for the most optimal performance, this is the way to go!
Custom Fonts
While boba's default fonts are great, adding a custom font can help make your website stand out and give your brand a unique identity. Luckily with boba, adding your own fonts is simple.
1. Select a Font
Find a font that you like. We chose Fira Sans and Muli from Google Fonts.
2. Import the Fonts
Include the fonts in the head
section of your page, just like how you would import boba.
<head>
<!-- Other Head Content -->
<!-- (Title, Description, etc.) -->
<!-- Import Boba -->
<link rel="stylesheet"<EMAIL_ADDRESS><!-- Import your Fonts -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Fira+Sans:400,600|Muli:300,400,700">
</head>
3. Create a Custom Stylesheet
Create a custom CSS file and include it into your page below your freshly imported fonts.
...
<!-- Import Boba -->
<link rel="stylesheet"<EMAIL_ADDRESS><!-- Import your Fonts -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Fira+Sans:400,600|Muli:300,400,700">
<!-- Import your Custom Stylesheet -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="custom.css">
...
4. Override boba's Default Fonts
Inside of your custom CSS file, override boba's default font-family
settings.
In our case, we want to replace boba's default font with Muli as well as make our headings use Fira Sans. Just to be safe, we will also include system UI fonts as fallback in case our custom fonts fail to load. Learn more.
body {
font-family: "Muli", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "Roboto", "Oxygen", "Ubuntu", "Cantarell", "Fira Sans", "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif;
}
h1, .h1,
h2, .h2,
h3, .h3,
h4, .h4,
h5, .h5,
h6, .h6 {
font-family: "Fira Sans", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "Roboto", "Oxygen", "Ubuntu", "Cantarell", "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif;
}
Build Your Own
For our more advanced users looking for a little more control.
Overview
Boba was built with modularity in mind. This means that each one of boba's components, be it an element or a utility, can be excluded from the build process without breaking boba as a whole. A master configuration file can be found at src/scss/all.scss
. Use this file to include or exclude various components from the final build.
Editing SCSS
Boba's css is generated from Sass files located in src/scss
. Edit and compile these files to your liking to create a your very own version of boba.
Compiling SCSS to CSS
Boba uses gulp to compile SCSS into CSS. In order to use gulp, you will need to install npm, a package manager used to manage gulp and its dependencies.
To build boba:
- Clone the official boba repository to your computer.
- Navigate to the root directory of boba.
- Run
npm install
to install gulp and its dependencies. - Once complete, run
gulp clean && gulp build --prod
to compile and minify your modified version of boba. - Look in the
dist
folder forboba.min.css
. This is your customized version of boba!


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block title %}Backtester{% endblock %} {% block content %}
This application is intended for demonstration purposes only. No financial advice is given or implied.


{% extends 'base.html' %} {% load bootstrap_toolkit %} {% block title %}Register{% endblock %} {% block content %}
Fill out this form to create an account.
You will need to confirm your registration through e-mail so be sure to use a valid e-mail address.


You can assign a selected map to a territory in this list.
A map without a territory is a "note" which can be saved separately. Just assign a name to a selected map.
Map Info and Statistics:


Since I'm doing some HTTP proxying I've been thinking about how it should work. And I really don't know -- it's all very vague. Much more vague than it should be. HTTP won't be a pipe if we have to rely on ad hoc configuration everywhere.
Some of the issues...
Some information gets covered up. For instance, in many HTTP proxying situations the Host header is lost; changed into localhost or something that doesn't accurately represent the initial request. I guess there's an informal standard that X-Forwarded-Server contains the original Host value.
Also the remote IP address is lost, but there's a more widely used convention to put that information in X-Forwarded-For. This seems much less interesting than Host to me, but much more widely supported. Go figure.
I don't know of any standards that exist for remapping request paths. I guess in theory you shouldn't need to do this, but in practice it is pretty common. For instance, lets say you want to map /blog/* to localhost:9999 where your blog app is running in a separate process. Do you preserve the full path? Do you duplicate any configuration for path mappings or virtual host settings in that server on port 9999? All too often the target server isn't very cooperative about this, and various hacks emerge to work around the problems. Ideally I think it would be good to give three pieces of information for the path:
2 and 3 are similar to SCRIPT_NAME and PATH_INFO. 1 is something new. HTTP always leaves these all squished together.
Also: potentially the request path has nothing to do with the original path or domain. This can happen when you are aggregating pieces of data from many sources (e.g., using SSIs, which get pieces of content as subrequests, or HInclude which composes content in the client). If the output uses HTML then that HTML needs to be written either with no assumptions about what URL it is rendered under (i.e., all links are fully qualified), or it needs to be smart about the real context it will be rendered in. How to write relocatable HTML is a separate issue, but there also doesn't seem to be any conventions about how to tell the web app about the indirection that is happening.
There's a lot more information that can be passed through. For instance, the upstream server may have authenticated the request already. How does it pass that information through? Maybe there's other ad hoc information. For instance, consider this rewrite rule:
RewriteCond %{HTTP:Host} ^(.*)\.myblogs.com$ RewriteRule (.*) http://localhost:9999/blogapp/$1?username=%1 [P,QSA]
If you aren't familiar with mod_rewrite, this tells Apache to take a request like http://bob.myblogs.com/archive?month=1 and forward it to http://localhost:999/blogapp/archive?month=1&username=bob
This kind of works, but is clearly hacky.
Ideally we would pass a header like X-Blog-Username: bob. But that opens up other issues...
We can start adding headers willy-nilly, and that's actually okay, but opens up security concerns. If you aren't certain that only trusted clients can access your backend server, can you really trust the headers? It's no good if anyone can connect to your server with X-Remote-User: admin and then you trust that information. With no concept of trusted and untrusted headers, we have to rely on ad hoc configuration for security. This is both difficult to setup and maintain, and doing it wrong can lead to a very insecure setup.
The previous issues can all be resolved with conventions about new HTTP headers. This one is much harder.
I'd like to use HTTP like a pipe. Really! None of the issues I've brought up are new, but they also aren't well answered despite their age. In comparison, FastCGI and SCGI actually answer most of these problems right now.
If we're going to use HTTP this way -- and there's great reasons to start doing this -- we need to work harder at coming up with a good answer for these kinds of issues.
I can only see two viable options to trusting data in headers/urls, share a secret and sign the header with that (a simple example would be to just to set the authorization header for the backend, but that requires that the backend have some sort of authentication system in place to check the data) or only allow requests to from trusted servers/ports.
The security problem doesn't seem to have much to do with HTTP headers, really. If your back-end server is open to the network, the entire content of each request is suspect, right?
You need authentication; and you need to secure the channel from snooping and tampering. Each of these three facets of the problem has to be enforced in some protocol layer.
Take authentication. You need to: (a) stack HTTP on top of a network-level protocol that authenticates; OR (b) use some hypothetical flavor of HTTP authentication that's actually secure; OR (c) stack another authentication-capable protocol on top of HTTP--you know, SOAP with digital signatures or whatever they're doing these days.
- doesn't exist, and everyone knows (c) is immoral, so take (a). This is the "don't do that" solution. Just do exactly what you said you weren't going to do, and firewall off the back-end server. There are several ways to do it--SSL; SSH (?); checking getpeername(); moving the back-end server to another machine behind a physical firewall; VMware... some of which have performance problems, and some of which are only secure given certain prerequisites. You can pick one way that will work everywhere; or you can have your system choose the best way dynamically; or you can push the burden of configuring all the pieces to talk together onto the user.
Or take tampering. You need to: (a) stack HTTP on top of a protocol that provides a no-tampering guarantee; or (b) use some hypothetical HTTP feature that prevents tampering, like adding an HTTP header with a digitally signed hash of the message; or (c) stack another protocol on top of HTTP. Again with the SOAP.
Etc. The world of (a) contains multitudes, with no means of interoperability; the standards for (b) simply doesn't have the features you need; and the stuff at level (c) is despised by all right-thinking persons.
-j


West Ham v Newcastle United: match preview
by Guardian StaffNewcastle lie a point above the bottom three before visiting the London Stadium. Steve Bruce’s side are capable of defending well but they have struggled in front of goal and need to provide better service for Joelinton, who has only scored once since his £40m move from Hoffenheim. A more ambitious attacking approach is required if Newcastle are to inconvenience West Ham, who are winless since beating Manchester United on 22 September. Jacob Steinberg
Saturday 3pm
Venue London Stadium
Last season West Ham 2 Newcastle 0
Referee Stuart Attwell
This season G5 Y16 R1 3.4 cards/game
Odds H 5-6 A 7-2 D 13-5
WEST HAM
Subs from Martin, Ogbonna, Cardoso, Fredericks, Masuaku, Johnson, Ajeti, Coventry, Fornals, Sánchez, Lanzini, Holland
Doubtful None
Injured Reid (match fitness), Wilshere (groin, both 9 Nov), Antonio (hamstring), Fabianski (hip, both unknown)
Suspended None
Discipline Y18 R1
Form DWDLLD
Leading scorer Haller 4
NEWCASTLE
Subs from Darlow, Manquillo, Krafth, Dummett, Ki, Gayle, Carroll, Muto, Shelvey, Atsu
Doubtful None
Injured Lejeune (knee), Schär (knee), Ritchie (ankle, all 9 Nov)
Suspended S Longstaff (first of three)
Discipline Y17 R2
Form LDLWLD
Leading scorers Joelinton, Lascelles, M Longstaff, Schär, Shelvey, Willems 1


Uses the controls underneath to change the epi curves. This data is from PAHO. Compiled version of the data available here.
Produced by SIMS
Individual scales Same scale
Confirmed Cases Suspected Cases
Absolute Per 100,000 people


You will never know until you try.
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Deploying Machine Learning Models in Production_Model Servers-Model Servers_Other Providers
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home module
- home.add_new_application()
A new application is added with all the inputs user filled. .. list-table:: :header-rows: 1
Content
Value
company Name
Name of the company
Date Applied
Today’s date
Location
Location you entered for job application
Salary
Your salary expectation
User_name
Username you want to create in job application portal
Password
Password you wish to set for the job application portal
Security Question
Any relevant question you want to set
Security Answer
Corresponding answer for the previous question
Status
Applied
Notes
Any notes or information you would like to share with the company
- home.auth()
Obtains the correct credentials, autheticates and creates a session for the user to stay logged in.
- home.change_status_application()
automatic update of any change in status of the application is updated here. @return 0: reports error and update will not be saved, 1: successful updation
- home.delete_application(self, application_id)
deleted an application when delete button is clicked inside a particular application :param application_id: It is set internally when delete option on one application is clicked @return 0: if error, 1: if successfully deleted
- home.edit_application()
edits contents related to job application and notifies user if edited successfully @return: 0 if error occurs, 1 if successfully edited and redirects to authentication page
- home.edit_profile(self, request, user_id, name, gender, location)
From the request form created to change either user_id, name, gender, or location, One more paramters will be changed
@return: 0 if error occurs, 1 if successfully changed
- home.login()
renders the html page for login, and takes user inputs .
- home.loginUser()
Obtains username, password to login to the user profile @return 0: If username does not exist, 2: Incorrect password, else: redirected to user page successfully.
- home.logout(self)
Logs out user when clicked logout button @return: login page of the website
- home.signup()
This obtains all user information when user is signing up for the first time :param name: :param username: :param email: :param password: :param gender: :param location:
@return 0: if email already exists, or network issue to create email profile, 1 : if profile is created successfully.
- home.view()
Obtains the main page content of the wolftrackplus website. It contains the retrieval parameters to get custom events, deadlines, and incoming general deadlines.


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block content %}
The package slug is a short identifier that is used for url construction. That is required to be the name of the usefile. Example: gtk where the usefile is named gtk.use
The package name is the longer, human-readable name of the package. Example: ooc-gtk
The homepage of your package. If you have none, just leave it out.
The category of your package - if no category matches, create one.


Mitsubishi, Chubu to take over Dutch energy giant Eneco
THE HAGUE, Netherlands — Dutch energy company Eneco says it has agreed to a proposed 4.1 billion-euro ($4.5 billion) takeover by Japanese corporations Mitsubishi and Chubu.
Eneco said in a statement Monday that Mitsubishi will fund 80% of the deal and Chubu the remaining 20%.
The company, which is currently owned by a group of 44 Dutch municipalities, says Mitsubishi and Chubu support strengthening Eneco's sustainable energy strategy and will allow it to further expand internationally.
Mitsubishi CEO Takehiko Kakiuchi says Eneco “fits in perfectly with our current energy activities and provides us with a platform to further grow in the European market in which we intend to have a leading position in the energy transition.”
© Copyright 2019 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


VIDEO: Sporting de Huelva striker Princella Adubea elated to score her first competitive goal
Princella Adubea scored her first league goal for Sporting de Huelva on Saturday in their 2-0 win over Madrid CF in the Primera División Femenina.
The Ghana international connected home in the 94th minute after a pass from Nigeria star Peace Efih.
Adubea, 20, lasted the entire duration of the match at the Ciudad Deportiva Decáno del Fútbol Español.
The former Ampem Darkoaa Ladies striker was making her ninth league appearance for the Spanish side.
She posted on her Twitter page: ''Scoring goals is a great feeling, but the most important thing to me is that the team is successful. Thank God for my first professional goal for team @sportinghuelva #DE3NYAMEAHYIRANO.''
Sporting de Huelva are currently 12th on the 16-team table after nine rounds of matches.


| DOSE: |
20 mg |
oral |
Pharms - Prednisone |
(pill / tablet) |
I had been up for about two days, and been having trouble breathing. This was not a consequence of my being up for so long, I stay up long periods of time almost weekly. However, I was sick, and could hardly breathe.
I went into the doctor, and was perscribed 20 milligrams of prednisone. I took one immediately after I got home. I think it is important to note here, that due to my sickness, the normal sleep deprivation experience took a strange turn.
About an hour later, I started to get tired. The tiredness was very abnormal. It felt forced and artificial, as if my body has been turned into a feather pillow. I then passed out.
I distincly remember falling through a wormhole of some sort. One which transformed the blackness of my physical reality into one which took on the colors of a psychedelic african desert. I met humanlike entities. However, the method in which they communicated was infinitely more bizarre than our own communication-- It was as if they would tell stories with geometry and symbolism, through almost a storybook medium. Absolute reality, but the kind I would find if I mixed african tribes in the desert with the saturday morning cartoons and a color scheme pulled straight from the brightest colors in a crayola box.
However, this mode of communication seemed normal to me. It was, after all, my own mind telling the story.
These people were telling a story of religion. One in which they would dance and create offerings with their voice. When they danced, no rules of anything seemed to apply. Any motion, any color, anything. It all spoke it's own purpose. As if the things they were doing were creating pure emotion. I understood how this all worked, as bizarre as it sounds.
I understood, now it was time to see what was behind it. I saw a symbol like the christian cross, except there was a depth to it unseen in anything of this world. The reality of this god shined through the symbol. One of pure emotion and understanding.
Then, I awoke. Two hours had passed. I ripped the heavy coating of blankets from me. Confused and sweating, trying to make sense of the reasons behind that extremely profoud and completely unexpected experience, I decided that I'd better stop taking prednisone.
It's not that I don't enjoy exploring the totally alien and bizarre, it's just that I'd rather not have to do it every time I'm looking for some solace at the end of the day.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Heroico
The Heroico corpus (LDC2006S37) was originally collected to train acoustic models for pronunciation modeling in Spanish language learning applications. The corpus consists of two main subcorpora:
1. A subcorpus collected at Mexico's Military Academy called Heroico.
2. A subcorpus collected at the United States Military Academy (USMA) in West Point New York.
The Heroico corpus is further divided into recited and prompted speech subcorpora. The recited speech appears under the recordings directory and the prompted speech under the answers directory.
The USMA subcorpus includes 1.2 hours of speech from nonnative informants and 1 hour of speech from native speakers. All the speech in the USMA corpus was recited.
The Heroico subcorpus has 11.8 hours of speech. One hour segment of speech in the Heroico corpus was recited from the same set of prompts that was used in the USMA collection.


The items below, when clicked, will trigger a redirect.
Click to be transported in 5 seconds
Click to be transported in 2 seconds