|
Drake
|
Data structure to store the topological information associated with a tree node. More...
#include <drake/multibody/tree/multibody_tree_topology.h>
Public Member Functions | |
| BodyNodeTopology () | |
| Default construction to invalid configuration. More... | |
| BodyNodeTopology (BodyNodeIndex index_in, int level_in, BodyNodeIndex parent_node_in, BodyIndex body_in, BodyIndex parent_body_in, MobilizerIndex mobilizer_in) | |
| Constructor specifying the topological information for a tree node. More... | |
| bool | operator== (const BodyNodeTopology &other) const |
Returns true if all members of this topology are exactly equal to the members of other . More... | |
| int | get_num_children () const |
| Returns the number of children to this node. More... | |
Implements CopyConstructible, CopyAssignable, MoveConstructible, MoveAssignable | |
| BodyNodeTopology (const BodyNodeTopology &)=default | |
| BodyNodeTopology & | operator= (const BodyNodeTopology &)=default |
| BodyNodeTopology (BodyNodeTopology &&)=default | |
| BodyNodeTopology & | operator= (BodyNodeTopology &&)=default |
Public Attributes | |
| BodyNodeIndex | index {} |
| Unique index of this node in the MultibodyTree. More... | |
| int | level {-1} |
| Depth level in the MultibodyTree, level = 0 for the world. More... | |
| BodyNodeIndex | parent_body_node |
| The unique index to the parent BodyNode of this node. More... | |
| BodyIndex | body |
| BodyIndex | parent_body |
| MobilizerIndex | mobilizer |
| std::vector< BodyNodeIndex > | child_nodes |
| The list of child body nodes to this node. More... | |
| int | num_mobilizer_positions {0} |
| Start and number of dofs for this node's mobilizer. More... | |
| int | mobilizer_positions_start {0} |
| int | num_mobilizer_velocities {0} |
| int | mobilizer_velocities_start {0} |
| int | mobilizer_velocities_start_in_v {0} |
| int | num_flexible_positions {0} |
| Start and number of dofs for this node's body (flexible dofs). More... | |
| int | flexible_positions_start {0} |
| int | num_flexible_velocities {0} |
| int | flexible_velocities_start {0} |
Data structure to store the topological information associated with a tree node.
A tree node essentially consists of a body and its inboard mobilizer. A body node is in charge of the computations associated to that body and mobilizer, especially within a base-to-tip or tip-to-base recursion. As the topological entity associated with a tree node (and specifically a MultibodyTree node), this struct contains information regarding parent and child nodes, parent and child bodies, etc.
|
default |
|
default |
|
inline |
Default construction to invalid configuration.
|
inline |
Constructor specifying the topological information for a tree node.
A tree node is instantiated for each body in the multibody system and it contains, in addition to that particular body, the inboard mobilizer connecting the body to the rest of the tree inwards (i.e. towards the world or root of the tree) from the mobilizer.
| index_in | The unique index for this body node. |
| level_in | The level (depth or generation) in the tree structure. |
| parent_node_in | The parent node, in a tree structure sense, of this node. |
| body_in | The index to the body associated with this node. |
| parent_body_in | The parent body, in a tree structure sense, to body_in . In other words, parent_body_in is the body associated with node parent_node_in . |
| mobilizer_in | The index to the mobilizer associated with this node. |
|
inline |
Returns the number of children to this node.
|
default |
|
default |
|
inline |
Returns true
if all members of this
topology are exactly equal to the members of other
.
| BodyIndex body |
| std::vector<BodyNodeIndex> child_nodes |
The list of child body nodes to this node.
| int flexible_positions_start {0} |
| int flexible_velocities_start {0} |
| BodyNodeIndex index {} |
Unique index of this node in the MultibodyTree.
| int level {-1} |
Depth level in the MultibodyTree, level = 0 for the world.
| MobilizerIndex mobilizer |
| int mobilizer_positions_start {0} |
| int mobilizer_velocities_start {0} |
| int mobilizer_velocities_start_in_v {0} |
| int num_flexible_positions {0} |
Start and number of dofs for this node's body (flexible dofs).
| int num_flexible_velocities {0} |
| int num_mobilizer_positions {0} |
Start and number of dofs for this node's mobilizer.
| int num_mobilizer_velocities {0} |
| BodyIndex parent_body |
| BodyNodeIndex parent_body_node |
The unique index to the parent BodyNode of this node.


TRAINSPOTTING A film review by Dominic Ow Copyright 1997 Flying Inkpot
Directed by: Danny Boyle Produced by: Channel Four Films (aka Film Four International) / Figment Films/ PolyGram / The Noel Gay Motion Picture Company Runtime: About 93 minutes Cast: Ewan McGregor (Mark Renton), Ewen Bremner (Spud Murphy), Jonny Lee Miller (Sick Boy), Kevin McKidd (Tommy) Rating: ***1/2 out of *****
Whew. This film oozes energy, the kind of breakneck, no- holds-barred, in-your-face risk-taking filmmaking that is seldom seen on screen these days. Like the marginal, motley bunch of post-apocalyptic youths director Danny Boyle tries to depict, TRAINSPOTTING veers on the edge of utter mayhem but ultimately retains its footing and control. The result: a movie that is a delightful example of how the medium is the message.
 Bored, aimless and restless, their routine consists of getting drunk at the local pub, grooving to techno or glam-rock at the local disco and getting shots up the arm at the local den and procuring cash through a variety of methods, some ingenious, others plainly dumb and desperate. Not part of the daily dose if obtained, sex is a bonus.
You can find these characters as they are, foul-mouthed, dirty, pathetic, ugly perhaps but definitely interesting, in Irvin Welsh's cult novel of the same name. What makes the film a completely different experience is how director Boyle uses every tool at his disposal to make the filmic medium synchronous with the message.
One of the first things you'll notice is how the camera seems to dart around restlessly. It'll truck into a character's pimple, just as soon as it will dolly out to an establishing shot. Distracted and curious, it'll maintain a character's eye-level or drop right to the ground to show the doped-out-eye-view. You'll even find characters peering into the camera, their faces smeared across the wide-angle lens. This film camera is just another one of the guys.
Tiptoeing that indistinguishable line between fantasy and reality, Boyle employs a healthy dose of surrealism to get the message across. Bored kids daydream and bored kids deprived of a heroin fix have nightmares. I don't want to give too much away, but if you cross Chuckie from CHILD'S PLAY with some of the wacky fantasies in HEAVENLY CREATURES, you might have an idea just how fun or pants-wetting scary the alternate state of consciouness can be. That said, this film has a good share of drugs - consumed, vomitted, defecated, pissed off, exchanged, bought, sold, injected, smuggled, enjoyed and regretted. If that isn't your cup of tea, nobody forced you to see the film. Stay at home and rent UP CLOSE AND PERSONAL.
And what's a buzz without tunes. From Pulp to Iggy Pop (yes, he's still alive), the aural landscape is as engaging as the visual energy permeating the film. Good and bad vibrations tangle like the conflicting desires and values of the message. Every once in a while, a film comes along with the kind of energetic filmmaking that matches the intensity of its characters it hopes to depict. Trainspotting is that shooting star that burns across a sky littered with static constellations.
Dom is a part-time filmmaker who graduated from Northwestern University's Radio/TV/Film programme not too long ago. He has laboured on various music videos and short films in and around campus and Chicago. NOWHERE TOWN, a 26min short film that he shot, co-directed and co-produced recently scooped up the grand jury prize at the Charleston International Film Festival for best student production. He is currently finishing a couple of small projects. With his minute amounts of leisure time, dom does Nell impersonations.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


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Years ago, my original stories were made up on the spot as I told them to my boys at bedtime.  I loved hearing my young sons say, "Tell us another joke story, Dad." My joke stores (as the boys called them) weren't always the greatest. They didn't always make my boys laugh, but they created a bond between us and made for happy memories.
My grandkids deserve to have some stories of their own. As a result, I've created "Figgy Tales." I hope, when my sons read these tales to their own children, a similar bonding will occur, and some smiles and laughter may result along the way.
Happy reading!
Jolly Pops (a.k.a. Benny Millar)


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iMissing
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Lying just inside the entrance to the Essequibo River, this small town is a centre for both river and land transport. Its Sunday markets are an attraction.
Position 6°52′N, 58°25′W.
It is advisable to clear in at Bartica. See Noonsite/Countries/Guyana/Bartica for the details.
However, this is a Port of Entry although the officials are not always present. It is necessary to anchor some way out into the river to avoid the sand banks and the local ferry traffic. An idea spot is about 150m off the end of the pier at Roeden Rust marina (no facilities here).
Take the dinghy to the steps, taking care to leave it on a long line as the tidal range can be up to 4m. All the crew, (together passports and ships papers) need to go ashore to visit Customs and Immigration in Parika. A taxi to take you into the town will cost about 100Guy$ per person.
From the cross roads in Parika, the Police Station and Immigration Dept are on your left just before you reach the pier. Ask for a 3 month visa as it will be easier than having to go to Georgetown later for an extension. You will then be directed to Customs. Get a copy of this form as one will be required when you clear out.
Last updated September 2015.
There is no alongside berthing here, just an anchorage in the river.


iPad Update
I’ve been using a tablet since I got my iPad 2 for a Christmas a few years back. I eventually upgraded that to an iPad Mini which I’ve then had for almost the past two years.
I’ve briefly experimented with an Android tablet (the Tesco Hudl and Hudl 2) but I haven’t been impressed with them. I just don’t get on with Android it seems.
However, I’d been debating if I wanted to upgrade the iPad. I have a laptop provided to me by my office, so I had a fully working laptop at home, as well as my iMac. I recently hadn’t seemed to be using the tablet to the best of it’s ability. I’d got an iPhone and that seemed to be my go to item for looking stuff up whilst on the sofa. However, a number of things were coming up that made me upgrade (and I’m currently glad I did).
Apps
Apps are what make the iPad great. The hardware is decent but then some of the Android tablets are good as well. However, iOS still has an advantage in productivity apps in my opinion, as well as overall better polished apps.
I’m now a monthly reader of the Judge Dredd Megazine from 2000 AD - dark and gritty. None of this US awesomeness that Marvel and DC seem to promote (though I do like the latest Marvel films).
Whilst reading them on the iPad Mini was fine, reading them on the Hudl 2 was odd. The screen ratio didn’t suit the comics and the app didn’t seem to zoom in well enough and the whole experience was a mess. I missed Chunky. This was the best PDF/CBZ reader I’d found on the iPad (though I use it for eBooks and comics only, as I use PDF Expert for reading documents as I can make notes in this) and I very quickly updated to the paid for upgrade to let me access documents in Dropbox. Useful, as that’s where my Calibre content is kept.
The bookshelf view automatically groups together items of the same time into bookshelves and these can be manually changed if required.
The comics themselves look fantastic on the retina screen. Hats off to both Apple and 2000AD.
I also found that I missed Editorial and Byword. There were Android equvilants but I wasn’t happy with either of them in comparison to the iOS versions. Whilst I could move everything into Evernote and have that sync between devices, I’ve slowly moved away from Evernote for some reason - having my own notes in markdown format seems easier, though admittly searching isn’t as good on Windows systems (on the Mac, it’s fine, as I use nValt.)
Because of this app ecosystem, I felt that this detracted from my Android experience and so I decided it was time to move back.
In addition, I got the following video sent to me via Youtube’s subscribe function from Ironhide Studios…
[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wxO9h7pZ79M&w=560&h=315]
Kingdom Rush is back! Whilst this didn’t effect my decision to get another iPad, it’s nice to see that I’ll have a tablet I can play it on. Was quite happy with the first and second one, so I’m looking forward to this version. Maybe I’ll try and complete the previous two again before this one arrives.
Hardware
The iPad is one of the best tablets on the market in my mind. I know it isn’t really fair to compare the Hudl and the iPad as they’re about £300 difference in price. However, the iPad is still one of the best tablets I’ve used. Comparing it to the Nexus 10, which my brother owns, the iPad stomps all over it in my mind. iOS and Android aside, the quality of the iPad is much nicer.
I’m yet to acquire myself a Bluetooth keyboard for it, but this is something that I’m stuck on. Whilst I can type on the Apple keyboard, it’s not really a pleasent experience in my mind - I much prefer keys with more travel. The best bluetooth keyboard I’ve ever owned is the Matias Laptop Pro, however, it’s not cheap and its not particularly easy to carry. I think I’ll need to keep an eye out on a new bluetooth keyboard to use on the go. Mind, in fairness, I have to question how often I would need the keyboard (though it is the intention to write more on the iPad in the future).
I went for the 64GB version of the iPad and I’m extremely happy I did - its made it a much more useful device. The iPad Mini I had was 16GB and it meant I could never really use it for what I wanted it for - I would keep having to delete data from it to make room for something else. With 64GB, I can happily download papers from my Zotero library (stored on Dropbox) to read as and when, I can store all my graphic novels and comics within Chunky and I don’t have to worry about deleting an old game to play a new one.
Backup
Whilst Android has instigated this, it’s a lot more transparent in iOS. Plugging in and connected to wifi, my iPad backs up itself up to the iCloud servers. This happens automatically over night. Likewise, most of the apps sync with Dropbox, so I can sync across whatever I need to from my iMac.
I’ve not yet upgraded from my free 5GB, but I imagine in the future, I’ll be upgrading to 20GB, as the backup function is excellent and extremely handy. It’s part of the reason I prefer the iPad to getting a Macbook Air, as I don’t have to run any additional programs - it’s all done in the background without me doing anything. This is in addition to a lot of the apps built in Dropbox integration. However, I note that my dad managed to lose almost a years worth of photos when it didn’t back up properly, so it’s something I need to double check occasionally. Also, because of the battery life of the iPad, it might go a day or two without being charged and it only backs up when connected to the power.
Portability
The iPad is a lot more portable than my work laptop. This makes it easier to just drop it in a bag and disappear somewhere with it. My intention is to spend some time writing magazine articles, journal articles and other items on the iPad. And I would do this outside of the house and the office. To this end, I looked at the iPad as a laptop replacement. As I use plain text for writing and I can pretty much do almost everything else I need to do on the iPad, this made sense.
Conclusions
Overall, I’m happy with the purchase. I think it already sees more use than a laptop would have done in the same situation and it’s carried around with me where I go. It manages to do almost all the tasks I need it to do, but only falls short on a few specialised tasks. The biggest one I wish that could be done is to upload and download from my Garmin 800 to Strava - however, this might be possible using a camera connection kit and a file manager app, but I’ve not fully investigated that possibility.
It’s extremely handy, and I’m finding that I’ll often sit on the sofa with the iPad rather than boot the iMac up (though this is potentially down to catching up with Lost on Amazon Instant Prime at the same time…). Even posting this to my blog is easy from the iPad.
The speed increase from the iPad Mini is well worth it. I’m going to try and use it to go more paperless in the office - the intention being to take notes whilst I’m in meetings on the iPad, rather than on paper. I’ll see how this goes (I imagine it’ll come down to my typing speed).


SessionPort
Format:
/sessionport {Port}
/sessionport {8000}
This sets the port you will connect to for the Mud address you have set.
{Port} The port you wish to connect to for the Mud Address you have set.


open fun getCommandsForPrefix(prefix: String): ImmutableCommandMap
(source)
Overrides ICommandBank.getCommandsForPrefix
Gets an immutable command map of aliases to commands for the provided prefix. The command map may be empty if the alias does not exist in the prefixSet.
Return
ImmutableCommandMap The immutable command map of aliases to commands. Can be empty if prefix is invalid.


JCS - IETF-104 Report
There were in total 100 minutes of meeting time (including a 1 hour
side meeting with 10+ participants) devoted to JCS at IETF-104.
Here is a list of issues raised during these meetings.
I have taken the liberty commenting them here.
For those who are not familiar with JCS
(https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-rundgren-json-canonicalization-scheme-06),
the core rationale is simply "keeping JSON as JSON even when signed".
1. The need for clear text messages is a weak argument
The
recommended use of the current IETF JSON signature solution
(JWS) is that you:
-
Encode JSON data to be signed in Base64Url
-
Disrupt the natural structure of JSON messages by embedding
signed message data in specific signature containers
None of the Open Banking systems out there have to date chosen
this route;
they all build on variants using detached signatures and clear text JSON data.
That none of them utilize JCS is quite logical since
JCS (
correctly) is not perceived as a standard.
2. Canonicalization introduces security vulnerabilities
If a canonicalization scheme is incorrectly implemented
(irrespective in which end), the likely result is that signatures will not validate.
Broken signatures in similarity to any other input error, including missing or
incorrectly formatted data should in a properly designed application lead to a
rejected message/application failure. The core of a JCS implementation is
typically only a couple of kilobytes of executable code
making it reasonably easy to verify for correctness.
It has been mentioned that clear text data will tempt developers into trusting
(=acting upon) received data without verifying signatures.
JCS obviously does not
come with a cure for naïve developers.
See JCS Security Considerations.
In fact, the absence of clear text signatures also creates security issues as shown
by the following example from IETF's Trusted Execution Protocol WG:
https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-teep-opentrustprotocol-02
The top element "[Signed][Request|Response]" cannot be fully
trusted to match the content because it doesn't participate in the
signature generation. However, a recipient can always match it with
the value associated with the property "payload". It purely serves
to provide a quick reference for reading and method invocation.
By using
JWS with JCS
the need for artificial holder objects and associated matching requirements
disappear, while message content is provided in clear.
3. Number serialization is a huge problem
I clearly underestimated this part when I started with JCS back in 2015, but
recently fast, open sourced and quite simple
algorithms have been developed
making number serialization according to JCS/ES6 in scope for any platform.
Extensive test data is
publicly available.
4. You should have stayed with the ES6 predictive parsing/serialization scheme
That had been cool but the sentiment among other JSON tool vendors was
that "ECMA got it all wrong" so
I was forced to select another and more conventional route.
Fortunately, the revised scheme turned out to be very simple to get running
in other platforms including Go, Python, C# and Java/Android, while leaving
parsers and serializers unchanged.
The
original concept would OTOH
require a total rewrite of the entire JSON landscape.
Sometimes "pushback" is just good 😀
5. You need a data model
JCS builds on the same a bare-bones data model for primitives as JSON
(
null
,
true
,
false
,
Number,
String),
albeit with a couple of constraints:
-
JSON Numbers MUST conceptually be treated as IEEE-754 double precision data during parsing/serialization
(which also is a generic requirement for being JavaScript compatible)
-
JSON Strings MUST (modulo escaping) be treated as immutable during parsing/serialization
This is all what is needed with respect to data models for creating reliable and interoperable "hashable" JSON.
Existing JSON-based systems use external mappings to emulate
missing data types like
int32
,
DateTime
,
Money
,
Binary
and similar.
That not all JSON applications use the same conventions
do not seem to have hampered the popularity and ubiquity of JSON.
Standardizing external mappings is another [possible] IETF activity, not related to JCS.
6. I-JSON (JCS builds on that) only says SHOULD for IEEE-754 while JCS says MUST
That is correct but if you for example send 64-bit integers expressed as
JSON Numbers to JavaScript based systems, applications will typically break
every now and then since the inherent precision is only 53 bits.
JCS was designed to also be fully JavaScript compatible.
7. XML canonicalization was a disaster
JCS is not a fullblown canonicalization scheme like XML's C14; it is
a (fairly rudimentary) serialization method.
A proper and fair evaluation should be based on the actual draft rather than
bad experiences from the XML era which BTW
also were due to other factors
such as Namespaces, Default values,
SOAP and an elaborate WS* stack which indeed took years to get
fully interoperable between vendors.
Version 1.06, Anders Rundgren 2019-05-12


This project is a real time closed caption, made to disability people but people withou disability can use to take notes.


General discussion about Komodo. For useful links and more info click the pinned messages to the right. DON'T DM @jl777
100 messages
Before 05-Dec-19 12:00 AM
blackjok3r27-Jun-18 02:05 PM
Break something and try and fix it.... better than any course.
1
[TPUX] Djith Wattignies27-Jun-18 02:06 PM
Agree .. but to setup and manage own servers it is maybe better to know all the tits.
alexander27-Jun-18 02:10 PM
Try reading something like this (didn't read exactly this but I think such step by step approach is the best for learning programming)
blackjok3r27-Jun-18 02:11 PM
to manage servers you want to learn linux cli... BASH
or docker stuff.
or both
asnd python
all very easy
alexander27-Jun-18 02:12 PM
Anyway, you need some goal you want to reach yourself (like implementing some exact application), and after spending some time reading these dummies manuals you'll get understanding what exactly you need and will be able to just search for some specific questions.. Though I don't understand why you need c+++ - it's not needed for server management
[TPUX] Djith Wattignies27-Jun-18 02:13 PM
Had a steep learning curve by using ubuntu for first time ever at 41yo never knew more than casual using windows.
Installing and running full node eth on it... fieww..
Executing files through terminal..
Installing progs... sudo commands etc..
Thought c++ was needed.
But thanks very much for clearing this up for me!
GatewayBOT27-Jun-18 03:56 PM
[slack] <Virginia (Peer2.group)> Hi Everybody!
We are in the process of releasing something we hope you will like and we would appreciate some design proposals from the community. However we will keep our secret until secret design bounty campaign is over. Interested? Keep reading on our Medium post!
https://medium.com/the-secret-design-bounty-campaign/for-komodo-community-a6dd194166b1
We offer you a DIY #Blockchain Kit
- 4 Week Delivery.
- #BaaS for @NEMofficial @KomodoPlatform @QtumOfficial and #Ethereum
- no programming needed
https://t.co/tH3BX7utK5https://t.co/ImgAR66x5R
GatewayBOT27-Jun-18 04:35 PM
[slack] <kimmel (Peer2.group)> @ should we count on you?
crumb27-Jun-18 04:45 PM
atomicexplorer.com is not showing kmd rewards and utxo-s
also it's still called interest in the content, not rewards
KomodoWorld27-Jun-18 04:48 PM
for me the Komodo website doesn't work since 3 days, I can reach it because the favicon loads but for the rest there's a loading wheel spinning forever
at least the whitepaper works if I link directly to it
mylanzero27-Jun-18 04:54 PM
I hear Austria has best surf around and best surfers. Put another shrimp on the barbie......
Jazzy27-Jun-18 05:02 PM
Yo can we not @ everyone in 5 different channels?  Any help?
ranfoltu27-Jun-18 06:20 PM
friendly suggestion: When there is announcement like the agama wallet update, just post it once with the tag in the announcement channel. I think there is no need to tag everyone in 5 different channels about it (edited)
2
ComputerGenie27-Jun-18 06:28 PM
@ranfoltu is there a need for 5 people to post about being tagged 5 times? :troll:
Jazzy27-Jun-18 06:58 PM
I think so, it makes it very clear that is was a problem
Generally when people move to discord this kind of thing happens once, people speak up, and (hopefully) a lesson is learned and implemented(edited)
If all goes well we never need to have this conversation again
ComputerGenie27-Jun-18 07:00 PM
yes, because anyone that joins the team 6 months from now will surely read every word of 30 channels for 6 months back and see said complaints
Jazzy27-Jun-18 07:02 PM
Anyone who joins the team 6 months from now should be educated on the guidelines learned by the team members before them, born from the situations like this
ComputerGenie27-Jun-18 07:05 PM
"Welcome to the Komodo Team; here's your 947 page manual on social media features"
ranfoltu27-Jun-18 07:15 PM
oops sorry didn't see that others posted about it lol.. guess I'm not the only one who feels that way about many tags for the same thing
❄HAPPYG❄27-Jun-18 08:21 PM
can someone send me money please
3
4
1
Tyrael27-Jun-18 08:25 PM
done
Great White27-Jun-18 08:36 PM
There, all the money for you, @❄HAPPYG❄.(edited)
Hey guys, looking for some feedback around a crypto ratings system I've been developing: https://ironwood.io/ratings/new
Basic gist is once I've got enough data for coins then I can take that and display the ratings and comments to everyone, so people can simply visit the site and get an idea of the crypto community's take on various well known projects. Thanks!
jorian27-Jun-18 08:41 PM
something like Utrum is doing too?
#utrum
Great White27-Jun-18 08:48 PM
It's a standard app, not blockchain based (for now), but just looked up utrum, and looks similar for sure
Great White27-Jun-18 09:05 PM
@jorian do you think there's much value in aggregating that data?
I obviously do, but I'm curious about others' take on the concept
Alecandro27-Jun-18 09:19 PM
Okay so who in here can tell me what the next big things that are happening with KMD are? Lol. I’m about to buy moreeeee
ComputerGenie27-Jun-18 09:22 PM
It's all moving so fast that those "in the know" don't even know
One day everything's chugging along as "normal" and the next day Komodo is advancing the whole space with something new(edited)
PTYX28-Jun-18 02:20 AM
Please delete the above @Audo
And ban Jane the Prof(edited)
jspook1628-Jun-18 03:43 AM
I have a few scripts that pull info from atomicexplorer and i noticed that my KMD interest balance is now zero. Did something change? I've been gone a whileeeeeeeeeee.
AkiraX28-Jun-18 04:09 AM
@ComputerGenie I love you man
GatewayBOT28-Jun-18 06:00 AM
[slack] <smk762> Spook - funds must move monthly now instead of yearly to claim interest.
[TPUX] Djith Wattignies28-Jun-18 06:22 AM
I claim every two weeks..
Deleted User28-Jun-18 08:43 AM
isn't that supposed to be activated at block 1M?
CHMEX28-Jun-18 08:49 AM
Yes from block 1m which is in 4 months or so
smk762 - dracocanis ominator28-Jun-18 08:56 AM
I thought it already had... I need a few days to read back discord a bit...(edited)
Cryptoon28-Jun-18 09:19 AM
Nah you have time
Although compounding montly can never hurt
[TPUX] Djith Wattignies28-Jun-18 09:48 AM
What is supposed to be activated at block 1M?
CHMEX28-Jun-18 09:53 AM
Transactions with locktime after 1m will need to claim rewards each 30 days. It will stop accruing rewards after 30 days.
It's a good idea to get some practice and do it monthly already.
FreeForAll mining will also be disabled at height 1m this does only concern miners and not the average user.
I'm opening up https://t.co/YEDpZ1lFlG this weekend for anyone who wants to sign in and block their crypto giveaway scam impersonators.
Features:
- Auto-Block impersonators
- Follow and unfollow stats
- Inactive friends
cc: @pierre_rochard @alansilbert https://t.co/88b...


Functions to make useful (and pretty) plots for scientific plotting. Additional plotting features are added for base plotting, with particular emphasis on making attractive log axis plots.
| Version: | 2.0.4 |
| Imports: | grDevices, graphics, stats, celestial (≥ 1.4.1), MASS, plotrix, sm, mapproj |
| Suggests: | imager |
| Published: | 2018-11-29 |
| Author: | Aaron Robotham |
| Maintainer: | Aaron Robotham <aaron.robotham at uwa.edu.au> |
| License: | GPL-3 |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Materials: | NEWS |
| CRAN checks: | magicaxis results |
| Reference manual: | magicaxis.pdf |
| Package source: | magicaxis_2.0.4.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: magicaxis_2.0.4.zip, r-release: magicaxis_2.0.4.zip, r-oldrel: magicaxis_2.0.4.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: magicaxis_2.0.4.tgz, r-oldrel: magicaxis_2.0.4.tgz |
| Old sources: | magicaxis archive |
| Reverse depends: | hyper.fit, nlshelper, ProFit, ProFound |
| Reverse imports: | PAFit, staTools |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=magicaxis to link to this page.


| PostgreSQL 9.5.19 Documentation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Prev | Up | Chapter 46. Logical Decoding | Next |
Logical decoding can be used to build synchronous replication solutions with the same user interface as synchronous replication for streaming replication. To do this, the streaming replication interface (see Section 46.3) must be used to stream out data. Clients have to send Standby status update (F) (see Section 50.3) messages, just like streaming replication clients do.
Note: A synchronous replica receiving changes via logical decoding will work in the scope of a single database. Since, in contrast to that, synchronous_standby_names currently is server wide, this means this technique will not work properly if more than one database is actively used.


THE PAPER A Film Review Copyright Dragan Antulov 2000
In today's world of journalism, dominated by television, Internet and "news as entertainment" business philosophy, printed newspapers are considered to be the thing of the past. Same thing happened to the perception of journalists as fearless crusaders for truth and justice in this cynical age. As a result, once thriving subgenre of journalism movies almost disappeared from Hollywood. THE PAPER, 1994 drama by Ron Howard, represents one of those precious films that deal with realities of life of modern newspaper reporters.
The screenplay of THE PAPER, written by brother David and Stephen Koepp, follows 24 hours in lives of reporters and editors in "New York Sun" tabloid newspaper. The nominal protagonist of the film is Henry Hackett (played by Michael Keaton), workaholic editor who loves his job. But long hours, low pay and uncertain future of the tabloid lead him to think about new career. His pregnant wife Martha (played by Marisa Tomei) urges him to think about better-paid but more boring job in respectable "New York Sentinel" newspaper. In the meantime, rapidly developing story about two black teenagers being arrested for racially motivated murders would represent another opportunity for Hackett to use his skills of investigative reporter. Results of his investigation, on the other hand, would later lead to dramatic confrontations with bullish managing editor Alicia Clark (played by Glenn Close).
Judging by some of American newspaper movie reviews, Koepp brothers in their screenplay managed to paint rather convincing picture of the life in modern editorial offices. According to medical statistics in many countries, news reporters and editors have shorter average lifespan than those belonging to other professions and THE PAPER explains the causes of this phenomenon - deadline, editorial pressures and consequent stress that leads to chain-smoking and alcoholism, and, naturally, all that has devastating effects on reporters' personal lives. Ron Howard is faithful to this gritty picture laced with black humour, but he nevertheless adds some Hollywood touch with few moralising scenes and melodramatic finale that went over the top with some of the cliches (including notorious "Stop the presses!" line). However, THE PAPER compensates these flaws with truly great ensemble cast that relies more on character actors like Keaton, Tomei, Close, Robert Duvall and Randy Quaid Tomei than standard Hollywood stars. Because of them, realistic atmosphere of modern-day editorial offices isn't lost. THE PAPER, therefore, is a film that should be recommended as skillfully done example of almost forgotten dramatic subgenre.
RATING: 7/10 (+++)
Review written on July 19th 2000
Dragan Antulov a.k.a. Drax Fido: 2:381/100 E-mail<EMAIL_ADDRESS>E-mail<EMAIL_ADDRESS>E-mail<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Filmske recenzije na hrvatskom/Movie Reviews in Croatian http://film.purger.com
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Docker security
Estimated reading time: 11 minutesThere are four major areas to consider when reviewing Docker security:
- the intrinsic security of the kernel and its support for namespaces and cgroups;
- the attack surface of the Docker daemon itself;
- loopholes in the container configuration profile, either by default, or when customized by users.
- the “hardening” security features of the kernel and how they interact with containers.
Kernel namespaces
Docker containers are very similar to LXC containers, and they have
similar security features. When you start a container with
docker run
, behind the scenes Docker creates a set of namespaces and control
groups for the container.
Namespaces provide the first and most straightforward form of isolation: processes running within a container cannot see, and even less affect, processes running in another container, or in the host system.
Each container also gets its own network stack, meaning that a container doesn’t get privileged access to the sockets or interfaces of another container. Of course, if the host system is setup accordingly, containers can interact with each other through their respective network interfaces — just like they can interact with external hosts. When you specify public ports for your containers or use links then IP traffic is allowed between containers. They can ping each other, send/receive UDP packets, and establish TCP connections, but that can be restricted if necessary. From a network architecture point of view, all containers on a given Docker host are sitting on bridge interfaces. This means that they are just like physical machines connected through a common Ethernet switch; no more, no less.
How mature is the code providing kernel namespaces and private networking? Kernel namespaces were introduced between kernel version 2.6.15 and 2.6.26. This means that since July 2008 (date of the 2.6.26 release ), namespace code has been exercised and scrutinized on a large number of production systems. And there is more: the design and inspiration for the namespaces code are even older. Namespaces are actually an effort to reimplement the features of OpenVZ in such a way that they could be merged within the mainstream kernel. And OpenVZ was initially released in 2005, so both the design and the implementation are pretty mature.
Control groups
Control Groups are another key component of Linux Containers. They implement resource accounting and limiting. They provide many useful metrics, but they also help ensure that each container gets its fair share of memory, CPU, disk I/O; and, more importantly, that a single container cannot bring the system down by exhausting one of those resources.
So while they do not play a role in preventing one container from accessing or affecting the data and processes of another container, they are essential to fend off some denial-of-service attacks. They are particularly important on multi-tenant platforms, like public and private PaaS, to guarantee a consistent uptime (and performance) even when some applications start to misbehave.
Control Groups have been around for a while as well: the code was started in 2006, and initially merged in kernel 2.6.24.
Docker daemon attack surface
Running containers (and applications) with Docker implies running the
Docker daemon. This daemon requires root
privileges unless you opt-in
to Rootless mode (experimental), and you should therefore
be aware of some important details.
First of all, only trusted users should be allowed to control your
Docker daemon. This is a direct consequence of some powerful Docker
features. Specifically, Docker allows you to share a directory between
the Docker host and a guest container; and it allows you to do so
without limiting the access rights of the container. This means that you
can start a container where the /host
directory is the /
directory
on your host; and the container can alter your host filesystem
without any restriction. This is similar to how virtualization systems
allow filesystem resource sharing. Nothing prevents you from sharing your
root filesystem (or even your root block device) with a virtual machine.
This has a strong security implication: for example, if you instrument Docker from a web server to provision containers through an API, you should be even more careful than usual with parameter checking, to make sure that a malicious user cannot pass crafted parameters causing Docker to create arbitrary containers.
For this reason, the REST API endpoint (used by the Docker CLI to communicate with the Docker daemon) changed in Docker 0.5.2, and now uses a UNIX socket instead of a TCP socket bound on <IP_ADDRESS> (the latter being prone to cross-site request forgery attacks if you happen to run Docker directly on your local machine, outside of a VM). You can then use traditional UNIX permission checks to limit access to the control socket.
You can also expose the REST API over HTTP if you explicitly decide to do so. However, if you do that, be aware of the above mentioned security implications. Note that even if you have a firewall to limit accesses to the REST API endpoint from other hosts in the network, the endpoint can be still accessible from containers, and it can easily result in the privilege escalation. Therefore it is mandatory to secure API endpoints with HTTPS and certificates. It is also recommended to ensure that it is reachable only from a trusted network or VPN.
You can also use DOCKER_HOST=ssh://USER@HOST
or ssh -L /path/to/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
instead if you prefer SSH over TLS.
The daemon is also potentially vulnerable to other inputs, such as image
loading from either disk with docker load
, or from the network with
docker pull
. As of Docker 1.3.2, images are now extracted in a chrooted
subprocess on Linux/Unix platforms, being the first-step in a wider effort
toward privilege separation. As of Docker 1.10.0, all images are stored and
accessed by the cryptographic checksums of their contents, limiting the
possibility of an attacker causing a collision with an existing image.
Finally, if you run Docker on a server, it is recommended to run exclusively Docker on the server, and move all other services within containers controlled by Docker. Of course, it is fine to keep your favorite admin tools (probably at least an SSH server), as well as existing monitoring/supervision processes, such as NRPE and collectd.
Linux kernel capabilities
By default, Docker starts containers with a restricted set of capabilities. What does that mean?
Capabilities turn the binary “root/non-root” dichotomy into a
fine-grained access control system. Processes (like web servers) that
just need to bind on a port below 1024 do not need to run as root: they
can just be granted the net_bind_service
capability instead. And there
are many other capabilities, for almost all the specific areas where root
privileges are usually needed.
This means a lot for container security; let’s see why!
Typical servers run several processes as root
, including the SSH daemon,
cron
daemon, logging daemons, kernel modules, network configuration tools,
and more. A container is different, because almost all of those tasks are
handled by the infrastructure around the container:
- SSH access are typically managed by a single server running on the Docker host;
cron
, when necessary, should run as a user process, dedicated and tailored for the app that needs its scheduling service, rather than as a platform-wide facility;- log management is also typically handed to Docker, or to third-party services like Loggly or Splunk;
- hardware management is irrelevant, meaning that you never need to
run
udevd
or equivalent daemons within containers; - network management happens outside of the containers, enforcing
separation of concerns as much as possible, meaning that a container
should never need to perform
ifconfig
,route
, or ip commands (except when a container is specifically engineered to behave like a router or firewall, of course).
This means that in most cases, containers do not need “real” root privileges at all. And therefore, containers can run with a reduced capability set; meaning that “root” within a container has much less privileges than the real “root”. For instance, it is possible to:
- deny all “mount” operations;
- deny access to raw sockets (to prevent packet spoofing);
- deny access to some filesystem operations, like creating new device nodes, changing the owner of files, or altering attributes (including the immutable flag);
- deny module loading;
- and many others.
This means that even if an intruder manages to escalate to root within a container, it is much harder to do serious damage, or to escalate to the host.
This doesn’t affect regular web apps, but reduces the vectors of attack by malicious users considerably. By default Docker drops all capabilities except those needed, a whitelist instead of a blacklist approach. You can see a full list of available capabilities in Linux manpages.
One primary risk with running Docker containers is that the default set of capabilities and mounts given to a container may provide incomplete isolation, either independently, or when used in combination with kernel vulnerabilities.
Docker supports the addition and removal of capabilities, allowing use of a non-default profile. This may make Docker more secure through capability removal, or less secure through the addition of capabilities. The best practice for users would be to remove all capabilities except those explicitly required for their processes.
Docker Content Trust Signature Verification
The Docker Engine can be configured to only run signed images. The Docker Content
Trust signature verification feature is built directly into the dockerd
binary.
This is configured in the Dockerd configuration file.
To enable this feature, trustpinning can be configured in daemon.json
, whereby
only repositories signed with a user-specified root key can be pulled and run.
This feature provides more insight to administrators than previously available with the CLI for enforcing and performing image signature verification.
For more information on configuring Docker Content Trust Signature Verificiation, go to Content trust in Docker.
Other kernel security features
Capabilities are just one of the many security features provided by modern Linux kernels. It is also possible to leverage existing, well-known systems like TOMOYO, AppArmor, SELinux, GRSEC, etc. with Docker.
While Docker currently only enables capabilities, it doesn’t interfere with the other systems. This means that there are many different ways to harden a Docker host. Here are a few examples.
- You can run a kernel with GRSEC and PAX. This adds many safety checks, both at compile-time and run-time; it also defeats many exploits, thanks to techniques like address randomization. It doesn’t require Docker-specific configuration, since those security features apply system-wide, independent of containers.
- If your distribution comes with security model templates for Docker containers, you can use them out of the box. For instance, we ship a template that works with AppArmor and Red Hat comes with SELinux policies for Docker. These templates provide an extra safety net (even though it overlaps greatly with capabilities).
- You can define your own policies using your favorite access control mechanism.
Just as you can use third-party tools to augment Docker containers, including special network topologies or shared filesystems, tools exist to harden Docker containers without the need to modify Docker itself.
As of Docker 1.10 User Namespaces are supported directly by the docker daemon. This feature allows for the root user in a container to be mapped to a non uid-0 user outside the container, which can help to mitigate the risks of container breakout. This facility is available but not enabled by default.
Refer to the daemon command in the command line reference for more information on this feature. Additional information on the implementation of User Namespaces in Docker can be found in this blog post.

You can add an extra layer of safety by enabling AppArmor, SELinux, GRSEC, or another appropriate hardening system.
If you think of ways to make docker more secure, we welcome feature requests, pull requests, or comments on the Docker community forums.
Related information
- Use trusted images
- Seccomp security profiles for Docker
- AppArmor security profiles for Docker
- On the Security of Containers (2014)
- Docker swarm mode overlay network security model


Check whether this application is for you
We call the activities in this step a development access request.It is designed to be free from barriers, enabling developers to easily access data within a protected development tier. It allows for a quick implementation of a proof of concept or a working model of the BC Services Card within a BPS application.
Key things to keep in mind in this step:
Requesting a development Client ID and secret through the BC Services Card Self-Service application is designed to be free from barriers, enabling developers to easily access data within a protected development tier. This allows for a quick implementation of a proof of concept or a working model of the BC Services Card within a Broader Public Sector (BPS) application.
The request is placed in Draft Status as the Broader Public Sector (BPS) project team provides details on their project and selects the Open ID Connect (OIDC) scope/data attributes package.
After you’ve logged in to the Self-Service application, the request is placed in Draft Status. When in Draft Status, the Broader Public Sector (BPS) team gathers and provides details on their project and selects the Open ID Connect (OIDC) scope/package.
In order to obtain the Open ID Connect (OIDC) Client ID and Client Secret, the Broader Public Sector (BPS) team member submits the request moving it from Draft to Development status.
The Development Status lets the BPS team experiment through an integration in a BC Services Card test environment with fictitious BC Services Card data.
The following sections map your Self Service Project with the technical details needed for your integration with BC Services Card. We suggest the individuals you consider to be your Manager and Developer sit together to review this section.
If you are ready to experiment, let's get started


Plugin Information |
|---|
View slave-status on the plugin site for more information. |
Monitor the status of Jenkins slaves.
Basic usage
Visit a url like http:
//myslave:3141
to see whether a slave is running and how much memory it is using. Configure the port used by clicking Manage Jenkins on the dashboard.
Monitoring with Nagios
You can monitor your slaves using Nagios and its remote monitoring tool NRPE. To do this on a Linux slave:
- Install Nagios on a monitoring server and NRPE on the slave. Instructions are on the Nagios site.
- Verify that you are monitoring basics like CPU usage and disk space by visiting the Nagios Service page.
- Edit your Nagios config file (typically
/etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg
). Add a line like the one below. If you have changed the default port used by the slave-status plugin, replace 3141 with your port number.command[check_slave]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_http -H localhost -p 3141 -r '<status>Running</status>'
- Check that running this command on the monitoring server gives output about HTTP:
/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H [slave server name] -c check_slave
- Edit the per-server config file on the monitoring server (on Ubuntu this is in
/etc/nagios3/conf.d
). Add a section like the one below.define service{ use generic-service host_name [server name] service_description Hudson Slave check_command check_nrpe_1arg!check_slave }
- Restart Nagios (with a command like
sudo /etc/init.d/nagios3 restart
) and check you can see a Jenkins Slave line for your server on the Service page.
 You can use a more complex matching rule in the check_slave command, or write your own, if you also want to monitor memory usage.
To Do
- Use new extensibility tools to allow easy addition of more monitoring (threads used, garbage collection, and so on). See Defining a new extension point.
- Add functional tests. See Unit Test (misnamed).
Change Log
Version 1.6 (02 November 2011)
- JENKINS-11590
Version 1.5 (02 November 2011)
- release in error
Version 1.4 (10 February 2010)
- Update code for more recent Hudson.
Version 1.3 (15 May 2009)
- Fix bug: immediately after installation, port number was zero. Now defaulted to 3141.
- Fix bug: serialising Logger inadvertently.
Version 1.2 (23 April 2009)
- Initial release.


Steem Developer Portal
Getting Started
Common tasks for using javascript to access the blockchain
Node.js
To get the most out of these tutorials, you should be familiar with Node.js, ES6 aka es2015, the DOM, and modern Javascript programming practices. You can still learn a lot of these aren’t in your base skillset; it’ll be easier if they are.
Your Dev Environment
These tutorials require Node.js 8+. Yarn is nice, but not required. Runnable versions of the tutorials are located in this github repo. If you haven’t chosen an editor, you can use Atom, Sublime, Intellij, Vi, etc.
If you want to keep multiple versions of Node on your system try Node Version Manager.
Running a typical Tutorial
Let’s say you wanted to run the very first tutorial, 01_blog_feed
. Here’s how you’d do it:
From bash:
git clone https://github.com/steemit/devportal-tutorials-js.git
cd devportal-tutorials-js/tutorials/01_blog_feed
npm i
npm run start
open http://localhost:3000/
Github
If you’d rather clone projects in a windowed environment rather than the terminal, consider Github Desktop.
Tip:
One advantage of using nvm to manage node.js is it does not require sudo or third party OS package managers.
Tip:
Instead of 'npm i' you may also use 'yarn install'.
Check out yarn.


HTC: Which classic model would you like to see with current technology? -
by Efe UdinRate this post
A few days ago, Motorola released the Razr flip phone which comes with a foldable display. The Motorola Razr is more like the 2004 Razr V3 with new technology. Thus, this new phone brought a lot of memories back to users. In the early Android years, the likes of Motorola and HTC were on top of their game.  With the successful launch of Motorola Razr, HTC wants to tow the same line – bring back an old device with new technologies.
Drew Bamford, the current head of HTC Creative Labs, asked a very interesting question on Twitter, “Which classic @htc phone would you like to see us bring back with today’s technology?”. This suggests that HTC wants to re-enact an old mobile phone. Which one will you like to see?
HTC One X
In this regard, comments from netizens seem to suggest HTC One X. The One X is the first generation of HTC’s product line. It comes with a 4.7-inch SLCD 2 “Giant Screen” at the time and uses the world’s first quad-core processor, NVIDIA Tegra 3. It uses an Ester material seamless body design with a frosted surface.
HTC One M7
In addition, HTC One M7 seems to also get the nod of netizens. This model is the second product after the boutique project. It uses a metal body design that was extremely rare at the time, and the excellent double speakers on the front panel. The biggest controversy for this phone is the huge chin and the 4MP rear camera. The One M7 is the last HTC phone with built-in Beats sound and a standard Beats headset. So, if the company wants to re-enact a classic model of the year with today’s hardware and technology, which one do you want to see?


PM Imran says current account rose into surplus for first time in four years | Pakistan - Geo.tv
by GEO NEWSISLAMABAD: Prime Minister Imran Khan said on Wednesday that for the first time in four years, the current account deficit turned into surplus.
The PM was addressing a ceremony in the federal capital, where he said that a depreciating economy and no foreign exchange reserves become a bane for economic growth.
He said that the confidence of investors in the stock market is heartening, adding that the economy is improving.


Learning Backbone
Learning 1: This example illustrates the declaration and instantiation of a minimalist View.
Learning 2: This example illustrates the binding of DOM events to View methods.
Learning 3: This example illustrates how to use a Collection of Models to store data, and how to tie changes in those to a View.
Learning 4: This example illustrates how to delegate the rendering of a Model to a dedicated View.
Learning 5: This example introduces two new Model actions (swap and delete), illustrating how such actions can be handled within a Model's View.


The mindfulness is trainable, and if self-awareness is essentially mindfulness, then self-awareness must also be trainable in similar ways.
As soon as I read the description of a Journaling practice I reiised that this is what I've been doing for all of my life. I like to re-read my thoughts - it helps me to kinda aware myself from worries and excessive self-criticism.
I took a very important knowlege, now I'll try to hone that in my mind that thoughts and emotions are like clouds—some beautiful, some dark—while our core being is like the sky.


UI Quiz Application
{{alias.popups.description}}
Online Exam: You Can Test Your Skills
{{currentindex+1}}.{{currentque.question}}


{% extends "base_generic.html" %} {% block content %}
Welcome to Barnet Education Arts Trust Website, a draft website developed as a start to computer science coursework
You are logged in but not yet a member, so you can't borrow anything {% if can_reserve %} This user can make reservations {% else %} This user can only browse {% endif %} {% if perms.catalog.can_self_reserve %} CAN SELF RESERVE THROUGH TEMPLATE {% endif %}The music office has the following record counts:


---
templateLanguage: liquid
templateEngineOverride: html
orientation: vertical
typing:
- 95,42
- 175,42
- 290,42
- 398,42
- 472-558
---
{% layout "./layouts/liquid-layout.html" %}
{% block content %}
SPA Flavors
- Client: Components Once (JS)
- Client and Server Render: Components Twice (HTML and JS)
- ❓ Partial Hydration (HTML for some/all, JS for some/all)
- ❓ HTML for all, JS for none?
-
❓ HTML for all, No JS?
{% endblock %}


Payslip List
ID
Employee Name
Basic Salary
Total Allowance
Deducation
Date
Status
Paid
Non-Paid
Submit


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Every process has a unique ID, called the process ID or PID. While every process running at any one time has a different ID, over time PIDs may be re-used.
Apart from the initial process (typically called init) each has a parent process from which it was created. For example, if you run vi from your shell prompt, vi's parent process will be your shell. A process can have any number of children, but only one parent.
Each process runs with the permissions of some user and group, which apply when it accesses files and directories.


Documentation and examples for how to use Bootstrap's included navigation components.
Navigation available in Bootstrap share general markup and styles, from the base .nav
class to the active and disabled states. Swap modifier classes to switch between each style.
The base .nav
component is built with flexbox and provide a strong foundation for building all types of navigation components. It includes some style overrides (for working with lists), some link padding for larger hit areas, and basic disabled styling.
The base .nav
component does not include any .active
state. The following examples include the class, mainly to demonstrate that this particular class does not trigger any special styling.

Active

Link

Link

Disabled

Classes are used throughout, so your markup can be super flexible. Use

s like above, or roll your own with say a
element. Because the .nav
uses display: flex
, the nav links behave the same as nav items would, but without the extra markup.

Active
Link
Link
Disabled

Change the style of .nav
s component with modifiers and utilities. Mix and match as needed, or build your own.
Change the horizontal alignment of your nav with flexbox utilities. By default, navs are left-aligned, but you can easily change them to center or right aligned.
Centered with .justify-content-center
:

Active

Link

Link

Disabled

Right-aligned with .justify-content-end
:

Active

Link

Link

Disabled

Stack your navigation by changing the flex item direction with the .flex-column
utility. Need to stack them on some viewports but not others? Use the responsive versions (e.g., .flex-sm-column
).

Active

Link

Link

Disabled

As always, vertical navigation is possible without

s, too.

Active
Link
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Far far away, behind the word mountains, far from the countries Vokalia and Consonantia, there live the blind texts. Separated they live in Bookmarksgrove right at the coast of the Semantics, a large language ocean.
A small river named Duden flows by their place and supplies it with the necessary regelialia. It is a paradisematic country, in which roasted parts of sentences fly into your mouth.
Even the all-powerful Pointing has no control about the blind texts it is an almost unorthographic life One day however a small line of blind text by the name of Lorem Ipsum decided to leave for the far World of Grammar.
The Big Oxmox advised her not to do so, because there were thousands of bad Commas, wild Question Marks and devious Semikoli, but the Little Blind Text didnâ€™t listen. She packed her seven versalia, put her initial into the belt and made herself on the way.
Pityful a rethoric question ran over her cheek, then she continued her way. On her way she met a copy. The copy warned the Little Blind Text, that where it came from it would have been rewritten a thousand times and everything that was left from its origin would be the word "and" and the Little Blind Text should turn around and return to its own, safe country.
But nothing the copy said could convince her and so it didnâ€™t take long until a few insidious Copy Writers ambushed her, made her drunk with Longe and Parole and dragged her into their agency, where they abused her for their

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Far far away, behind the word mountains, far from the countries Vokalia and Consonantia, there live the blind texts. Separated they live in Bookmarksgrove right at the coast of the Semantics, a large language ocean.
A small river named Duden flows by their place and supplies it with the necessary regelialia. It is a paradisematic country, in which roasted parts of sentences fly into your mouth.
Even the all-powerful Pointing has no control about the blind texts it is an almost unorthographic life One day however a small line of blind text by the name of Lorem Ipsum decided to leave for the far World of Grammar.
The Big Oxmox advised her not to do so, because there were thousands of bad Commas, wild Question Marks and devious Semikoli, but the Little Blind Text didnâ€™t listen. She packed her seven versalia, put her initial into the belt and made herself on the way.
Pityful a rethoric question ran over her cheek, then she continued her way. On her way she met a copy. The copy warned the Little Blind Text, that where it came from it would have been rewritten a thousand times and everything that was left from its origin would be the word "and" and the Little Blind Text should turn around and return to its own, safe country.
But nothing the copy said could convince her and so it didnâ€™t take long until a few insidious Copy Writers ambushed her, made her drunk with Longe and Parole and dragged her into their agency, where they abused her for their

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Messages

...

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Far far away, behind the word mountains, far from the countries Vokalia and Consonantia, there live the blind texts. Separated they live in Bookmarksgrove right at the coast of the Semantics, a large language ocean.
A small river named Duden flows by their place and supplies it with the necessary regelialia. It is a paradisematic country, in which roasted parts of sentences fly into your mouth.
Even the all-powerful Pointing has no control about the blind texts it is an almost unorthographic life One day however a small line of blind text by the name of Lorem Ipsum decided to leave for the far World of Grammar.
The Big Oxmox advised her not to do so, because there were thousands of bad Commas, wild Question Marks and devious Semikoli, but the Little Blind Text didn't listen. She packed her seven versalia, put her initial into the belt and made herself on the way.
Pityful a rethoric question ran over her cheek, then she continued her way. On her way she met a copy. The copy warned the Little Blind Text, that where it came from it would have been rewritten a thousand times and everything that was left from its origin would be the word "and" and the Little Blind Text should turn around and return to its own, safe country.
But nothing the copy said could convince her and so it didnâ€™t take long until a few insidious Copy Writers ambushed her, made her drunk with Longe and Parole and dragged her into their agency, where they abused her for their

Home

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You can activate a tab or pill navigation without writing any JavaScript by simply specifying data-toggle="tab"
or data-toggle="pill"
on an element. Use these data attributes on .nav-tabs
or .nav-pills
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Lufthansa cancels 1,300 flights over two-day German strike
FRANKFURT AM MAIN: Lufthansa said on Wednesday (Nov 6) it was scrapping 1,300 flights as German cabin crew pressed ahead with a two-day strike, plunging passengers into travel chaos amid an escalating row over pay and conditions.
"As a result of the strike, around 180,000 passengers will be affected by 1,300 flight cancellations," the airline said in a statement after losing a last-minute court battle to halt the walkout.
The 48-hour stoppage called by the UFO flight attendants' union is due to start at 2300 GMT on Wednesday and last until 2300 GMT on Friday.
The UFO cabin staff union decided to call the strike in face of "Lufthansa's persistent refusal to negotiate," notably on better working conditions and on UFO's demand to be recognised by management, it said in a statement.
The union said the stoppage would affect all Lufthansa departures in Germany during that time.
Germany's largest airline said it "regrets the inconvenience for the passengers".
The carrier was putting together an alternative flight schedule where possible, it said, adding that affected passengers could rebook their journeys for free or swap their domestic flights for train tickets.
The announcement of 700 flight cancellations on Thursday and roughly 600 on Friday came after a Frankfurt labour court denied Lufthansa's request for an injunction to block the strike.
The court ruled that the strike was legal, and the airline's subsequent appeal against that decision was also thrown out later on Wednesday.
The union already staged a day-long warning strike last month at four Lufthansa subsidiary airlines, causing several dozen flight cancellations at Eurowings, Germanwings, SunExpress and Lufthansa CityLine.
But the Lufthansa brand was spared after management offered a surprise two-percent pay rise to avoid flight disruptions at its flagship unit.
Since then, however, UFO said no progress had been made in talks.
In addition to higher pay for cabin crew across the Lufthansa group, UFO is demanding more benefits and easier routes into long-term contracts for temporary workers.
Lufthansa bosses meanwhile believe that UFO does not have the right to represent workers after an internal leadership tussle, and have challenged the union's legal status in court.
Months of infighting have cost the union the support of some cabin crew members who have turned to other representative organisations.


Elon Musk is an amazing salesman and he has sold me on his ugly CyberTruck
by SururEarlier today Tesla unveiled their new CyberTruck and to say the Tesla Cybertruck design is divisive is an understatement. The vehicle, which is all sharp corners and angles, looks cheap, ugly and unfinished.
Watching the official unveiling of the truck has however allowed Elon Musk’s reality distortion field to do its magic on me, and I am now completely sold on the vehicle.
In the video, Musk makes it clear that the truck was designed for utility and work, not for mounting the kerb at the shopping mall. Featuring a stainless-steel shell which can not be dented with a sledgehammer and armoured glass, the shell is rather designed to last decades than to look good in the driveway.
Air suspension as standard gives the truck best in class 16 inch ground clearance, which means you can drop down low on the freeway and rise to 16-inch clearance off-road.
Tesla Cybertruck comes with up to 3,500 pounds and still supports acceleration from 0-60 mph in just 2.9 seconds and up to 500 miles of range.
The full specs can be seen in our post here, but more importantly is Elon Musk’s ability to reframe the design from ugly to super-strong and secure, making a joke of Ford F150 owners who are afraid of people scratching their car.
Watch the official unveiling below to change how you think about trucks forever.
Tesla Cybertruck images:
Tesla single motor RWD will start at only $39,900 and can pre-order Tesla Cybertruck here by paying $100 deposit.
Read more about the truck that will redefine your aesthetic here.


- Key Findings
- 3-1. Development of Citizen Participation in Taiwan
- Existing Participation Models
- The Seeds of Open Citizen Participation
- Structure of Analysis
- The Blulu Metrics
- 3-2. The Grassroots Forums of Civic Constitutional Convention
- Bottom-up Constitutional Reform
- Rapid Changes in the Society
- Blulu Analysis
- 3-3. Youth World Café
- Broaden Participation in the National Conference on Trade and Economic Affairs
- Is Divided Participation Real Participation?
- Blulu Analysis
- 3-4. Feiyan New Village
- Feiyan New Village Urban Renewal Project
- Rural-Urban Forum—Citizen Group Discussion
- Which Issues Can Be Opened?
- Blulu Analysis
- 3-5. Taipei City’s i-Voting
- Directions for Developing Shezidao
- Does Voting Represent Democracy
- Blulu Analysis
- 3-6. The Join Platform
- The Join Platform
- Fast and Convenient but Difficult to Have a Discussion
- Blulu Analysis
- 3-7. Participatory Budgeting
- Taipei City: Administration Driven
- New Taipei City: Councillor Discretionary Fund and Themed PB
- Themed PB Conducted by Commissioned Community College
- Taichung City: Outsourcing PB
- 3-8. Difficulties and Challenges


|
DESERT
3.0
|
#include <mS2C_EvoLogics.h>
Public Member Functions | |
| MS2C_EvoLogics (std::string) | |
| virtual int | recvSyncClMsg (ClMessage *m) |
| virtual modem_state_t | check_modem () |
| virtual void | start () |
| virtual void | stop () |
| virtual void | startTx (Packet *) |
| int | getKeepOnline () |
| int | getDeafTime () |
| int | getNoiseProbeFrequency () |
| int | getMultipathProbeFrequency () |
| ~MS2C_EvoLogics () | |
| Public Member Functions inherited from UWMPhy_modem | |
| UWMPhy_modem (std::string) | |
| ~UWMPhy_modem () | |
| virtual void | recv (Packet *) |
| virtual int | command (int, const char *const *) |
| int | getID () |
| double | getPeriod () |
| std::string | getPathToDevice () |
| uint | getQueueLength () |
| int | getDebug () |
| std::string | getLogFile () |
| log_level_t | getLogLevel () |
| unsigned long int | getEpoch () |
| void | updatePktRx (Packet *) |
Protected Attributes | |
| int | UseKeepOnline |
| int | DeafTime |
| int | NoiseProbeFrequency |
| int | MultipathProbeFrequency |
| Protected Attributes inherited from UWMPhy_modem | |
| CheckTimer * | pcheckTmr |
| UWMdriver * | pmDriver |
| DropTimer * | pDropTimer |
| int | ID |
| double | period |
| Packet * | modemTxBuff [_MTBL] |
| int | t |
| Packet * | PktRx |
| std::string | pToDevice |
| int | debug_ |
| std::ofstream | outLog |
| std::string | logFile |
| char * | log_suffix |
| int | loglevel_ |
| int | SetModemID |
| uint | queue_length |
Private Attributes | |
| CheckTimer | checkTmr |
| MdriverS2C_EvoLogics | mDriver |
| DropTimer | dropTmr |
Additional Inherited Members | |
| Protected Member Functions inherited from UWMPhy_modem | |
| void | setConnections (CheckTimer *, UWMdriver *, DropTimer *) |
| virtual void | endTx (Packet *) |
| virtual void | startRx (Packet *) |
| virtual void | endRx (Packet *) |
| Packet * | popTxBuff () |
| virtual double | getTxDuration (Packet *p) |
| virtual int | getModulationType (Packet *p) |
Class that implements the interface between ns2/NS-Miracle and the S2C EvoLogics modem (it derives UWMPhy_modem).
NOTE: For tcl-user, set node($id) [new "UW/MPhy_modem/S2C" "path to the device"] Example: in case of a modem to be connected via TCP/IP socket "path to the device" would be the application port opened via ssh, e.g., 9200
Definition at line 58 of file mS2C_EvoLogics.h.
| MS2C_EvoLogics::MS2C_EvoLogics | ( | std::string | pToDevice_ | ) |
Class constructor.
| pToDevice_ | the path to the device that must be connected with NS-Miracle (e.g., /dev/ttyUSB0 for a serial connection) |
Definition at line 62 of file mS2C_EvoLogics.cpp.
| MS2C_EvoLogics::~MS2C_EvoLogics | ( | ) |
Class destructor.
Definition at line 83 of file mS2C_EvoLogics.cpp.
|
virtual |
Modem checker.
This method is at the core of the "check-modem" process. It is called periodically by the timer object linked to this UWMPhy_modem object (see UWMPhy_modem::checkTmr_); its due is to verify if something has been received or is going to be received from the channel.
Implements UWMPhy_modem.
Definition at line 130 of file mS2C_EvoLogics.cpp.
|
inline |
Definition at line 90 of file mS2C_EvoLogics.h.
|
inline |
Definition at line 84 of file mS2C_EvoLogics.h.
|
inline |
Definition at line 102 of file mS2C_EvoLogics.h.
|
inline |
Definition at line 96 of file mS2C_EvoLogics.h.
|
virtual |
Implements UWMPhy_modem.
Definition at line 216 of file mS2C_EvoLogics.cpp.
|
virtual |
Connection starter.
This method starts the connection with the modem. It performs all the needed operations to open an host-modem connection (e.g., set up of the connection port's parameters, start of the "check-modem" process).
Reimplemented from UWMPhy_modem.
Definition at line 88 of file mS2C_EvoLogics.cpp.
|
virtual |
Method to send to an UWMdriver object the packet to be transmitted, see UWMdriver::modemTx().
| p | pointer to the packet to be transmitted. |
Reimplemented from UWMPhy_modem.
Definition at line 120 of file mS2C_EvoLogics.cpp.
|
virtual |
Connection stopper.
This method should be used before stopping the simulation. It closes and, if needed, resets all the opened files and ports.
Reimplemented from UWMPhy_modem.
Definition at line 108 of file mS2C_EvoLogics.cpp.
|
private |
Object to schedule the "check-modem" events.
Definition at line 60 of file mS2C_EvoLogics.h.
|
protected |
Definition at line 114 of file mS2C_EvoLogics.h.
|
private |
Definition at line 62 of file mS2C_EvoLogics.h.
|
private |
Object to drive the modem operations.
Definition at line 61 of file mS2C_EvoLogics.h.
|
protected |
Definition at line 116 of file mS2C_EvoLogics.h.
|
protected |
Definition at line 115 of file mS2C_EvoLogics.h.
|
protected |
Definition at line 113 of file mS2C_EvoLogics.h.


[ aws . cognito-identity ]
Gets the roles for an identity pool.
You must use AWS Developer credentials to call this API.
See also: AWS API Documentation
get-identity-pool-roles
--identity-pool-id <value>
[--cli-input-json <value>]
[--generate-cli-skeleton <value>]
An identity pool ID in the format REGION:GUID.
--cli-input-json (string) Performs service operation based on the JSON string provided. The JSON string follows the format provided by --generate-cli-skeleton. If other arguments are provided on the command line, the CLI values will override the JSON-provided values.
--generate-cli-skeleton (string) Prints a JSON skeleton to standard output without sending an API request. If provided with no value or the value input, prints a sample input JSON that can be used as an argument for --cli-input-json. If provided with the value output, it validates the command inputs and returns a sample output JSON for that command.
IdentityPoolId -> (string)
An identity pool ID in the format REGION:GUID.
Roles -> (map)
The map of roles associated with this pool. Currently only authenticated and unauthenticated roles are supported.
key -> (string)
value -> (string)
RoleMappings -> (map)
How users for a specific identity provider are to mapped to roles. This is a String-to- RoleMapping object map. The string identifies the identity provider, for example, "graph.facebook.com" or "cognito-idp-east-1.amazonaws.com/us-east-1_abcdefghi:app_client_id".
key -> (string)
value -> (structure)
A role mapping.
Type -> (string)
The role mapping type. Token will use cognito:roles and cognito:preferred_role claims from the Cognito identity provider token to map groups to roles. Rules will attempt to match claims from the token to map to a role.AmbiguousRoleResolution -> (string)
If you specify Token or Rules as the Type , AmbiguousRoleResolution is required.
Specifies the action to be taken if either no rules match the claim value for the Rules type, or there is no cognito:preferred_role claim and there are multiple cognito:roles matches for the Token type.
RulesConfiguration -> (structure)
The rules to be used for mapping users to roles.
If you specify Rules as the role mapping type, RulesConfiguration is required.
Rules -> (list)
An array of rules. You can specify up to 25 rules per identity provider.
Rules are evaluated in order. The first one to match specifies the role.
(structure)
A rule that maps a claim name, a claim value, and a match type to a role ARN.
Claim -> (string)
The claim name that must be present in the token, for example, "isAdmin" or "paid".MatchType -> (string)
The match condition that specifies how closely the claim value in the IdP token must match Value .Value -> (string)
A brief string that the claim must match, for example, "paid" or "yes".RoleARN -> (string)
The role ARN.


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| Package | Description |
|---|---|
| org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.containermanager.linux.runtime | |
| org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.containermanager.linux.runtime.runc |
Package containing classes related to runC commands and common operations
used within the @{link RuncContainerRuntime}.
|
| Class and Description |
|---|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig
This class is used by the
RuncContainerRuntime
to pass a JSON
object to the container-executor. |
| RuncImageTagToManifestPlugin
This class is a plugin interface for the
RuncContainerRuntime
to convert image tags into OCI Image Manifests. |
| RuncManifestToResourcesPlugin
This class is a plugin interface for the
RuncContainerRuntime
that maps OCI Image Manifests into associated config and layers. |
| Class and Description |
|---|
| ImageManifest
This class is a Java representation of the OCI Image Manifest Specification.
|
| ImageManifest.Blob
This class is a Java representation of an OCI Image Blob.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCILayer
This class is a Java representation of an OCI image layer.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig
This class is a Java representation of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCIAnnotationsConfig
This class is a Java representation of the oci annotations config section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCIHooksConfig
This class is a Java representation of the oci hooks section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCIHooksConfig.HookType
This class is a Java representation of the hook type section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCILinuxConfig
This class is a Java representation of the oci linux config section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCILinuxConfig.Device
This class is a Java representation of the device section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCILinuxConfig.IDMapping
This class is a Java representation of the idmapping section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCILinuxConfig.IntelRdt
This class is a Java representation of the intelrdt section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCILinuxConfig.Namespace
This class is a Java representation of the namespace section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCILinuxConfig.Resources
This class is a Java representation of the resources section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCILinuxConfig.Resources.BlockIO
This class is a Java representation of the blockio section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCILinuxConfig.Resources.BlockIO.ThrottleDevice
This class is a Java representation of the throttle device section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCILinuxConfig.Resources.BlockIO.WeightDevice
This class is a Java representation of the weight device section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCILinuxConfig.Resources.CPU
This class is a Java representation of the cpu section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCILinuxConfig.Resources.Device
This class is a Java representation of the device section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCILinuxConfig.Resources.HugePageLimits
This class is a Java representation of the huge page limits section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCILinuxConfig.Resources.Memory
This class is a Java representation of the memory section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCILinuxConfig.Resources.Network
This class is a Java representation of the network section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCILinuxConfig.Resources.Network.NetworkPriority
This class is a Java representation of the network priority section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCILinuxConfig.Resources.PID
This class is a Java representation of the pid section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCILinuxConfig.Resources.RDMA
This class is a Java representation of the rdma section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCILinuxConfig.Seccomp.Syscall
This class is a Java representation of the syscall section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCILinuxConfig.Seccomp.Syscall.SeccompArg
This class is a Java representation of the seccomp arguments
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCILinuxConfig.Sysctl
This class is a Java representation of the sysctl section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCIMount
This class is a Java representation of the oci mount section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCIProcessConfig
This class is a Java representation of the oci process section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCIProcessConfig.Capabilities
This class is a Java representation of the capabilities section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCIProcessConfig.ConsoleSize
This class is a Java representation of the console size section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCIProcessConfig.RLimits
This class is a Java representation of the rlimits section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCIProcessConfig.User
This class is a Java representation of the user section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncContainerExecutorConfig.OCIRuntimeConfig.OCIRootConfig
This class is a Java representation of the oci root config section
of the OCI Runtime Specification.
|
| RuncImageTagToManifestPlugin
This class is a plugin interface for the
RuncContainerRuntime
to convert image tags into OCI Image Manifests. |
| RuncManifestToResourcesPlugin
This class is a plugin interface for the
RuncContainerRuntime
that maps OCI Image Manifests into associated config and layers. |
Copyright © 2008–2022 Apache Software Foundation. All rights reserved.


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The Starting Point category is a small set of classes and properties that can be used to create simple, initial provenance descriptions. Three classes provide a basis for the rest of PROV-O:
The three primary classes relate to one another and to themselves using the properties shown in the following figure.
Activities start and end at particular points in time (described using properties prov:startedAtTime and prov:endedAtTime, respectively) and during their lifespan can use and generate a variety of Entities (described with prov:used and prov:wasGeneratedBy, respectively). For example, a blog writing activity may use a particular dataset and generate a bar chart. By expressing usage and generation, one can construct provenance chains comprising both Activities and Entities.
In addition, we can say that an Activity prov:wasInformedBy another Activity to provide some dependency information without explicitly providing the activities' start and end times. A prov:wasInformedBy relation between Activities suggests that the informed Activity used an Entity that was generated by the informing Activity, but the Entity itself is unknown or is not of interest. So, the prov:wasInformedBy property allows the construction of provenance chains comprising only Activities.
Provenance chains comprising only Entities can be formed using the prov:wasDerivedFrom property. A derivation is a transformation of one entity into another. For example, if the Activity that created the bar chart is not known or is not of interest, then we can say that the bar chart prov:wasDerivedFrom the dataset. Arbitrary RDF properties can be used to describe the fixed aspects of an Entity that are interesting within a particular application (for example, the file size and format of the dataset, or the aspect ratio of the bar chart).
While the properties prov:used, prov:wasGeneratedBy, prov:wasInformedBy, and prov:wasDerivedFrom can be used to construct provenance chains among Activities and Entities, Agents may also be ascribed responsibility for any Activity or Entity within a provenance chain. An Agent's responsibility for an Activity or Entity is described using the properties prov:wasAssociatedWith and prov:wasAttributedTo, respectively. Agents can also be responsible for other Agents' actions. In this case of delegation, the influencing Agent prov:actedOnBehalfOf another Agent that also bears responsibility for the influenced Activity or Entity.
The properties rdf:type and rdfs:label are used to express prov:type and prov:label, respectively.
Example 1: The following PROV-O describes the resources involved when creating a chart about crime statistics. The example uses only Starting Point terms and serves as a basis for elaboration that will be described in subsequent sections. In the example, Derek performs an aggregation of some government crime data, grouping by national regions that are described in a separate dataset by a civil action group.
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The example states that the agent :derek
was associated with two
activities: :aggregationActivity
and :illustrationActivity
. The
activity :aggregationActivity
used
the entities :crimeData
(a crime statistics dataset) and :nationalRegionsList
(a list of national regions), and
generated a new entity, :aggregatedByRegions
that aggregates the statistics in
:crimeData
according to the regions in :nationalRegionsList
.
The :aggregatedByRegions
entity was then used by the :illustrationActivity
activity,
to generate a new entity :bar_chart
that depicts the aggregated statistics.
The example also states that the activity :illustrationActivity
was
informed by the activity :aggregationActivity
. Indeed, the former used
the entity :aggregatedByRegions
, which was generated by the latter.
Because the agent :derek
was associated with the activities
:aggregationActivity
and :illustrationActivity
, the entities
generated by these activities, i.e., :aggregatedByRegions
and :bar_chart
, were also
attributed to him.
Finally, the example states that the agent :derek
acted on behalf of the organization :national_newspaper_inc
.