---
sort_order: 112
tei_id: rdx_191dd.p.idp18562608
annotation_count: 0
images:
small-thumbnail: https://readux.ecds.emory.edu/books/emory:191dd/pages/emory:rfgzz/mini-thumbnail/
json: https://readux.ecds.emory.edu/books/emory:191dd/pages/emory:rfgzz/info/
full: https://readux.ecds.emory.edu/books/emory:191dd/pages/emory:rfgzz/fs/
page: https://readux.ecds.emory.edu/books/emory:191dd/pages/emory:rfgzz/single-page/
thumbnail: https://readux.ecds.emory.edu/books/emory:191dd/pages/emory:rfgzz/thumbnail/
title: Page 112
number: 112
---
{% raw %}114 -'HE LAND-CLAIM,{% endraw %}
{% raw %}She made no answer except to place her hands in his,{% endraw %}
{% raw %}gazing with au eager, -n'istful look in his face. Did she feel{% endraw %}
{% raw %}that it would have beeu hard for ber, too ?{% endraw %}
{% raw %}" Is your resolution still unaltered, Alicia ?"{% endraw %}
{% raw %}" I must obey my father's v^'ishes."{% endraw %}
{% raw %}"What your father wished whUe ou earth you did cbey.{% endraw %}
{% raw %}How do you know, dearest, that he would not now disapprove{% endraw %}
{% raw %}of the course which your submission forces you to follow ? 1{% endraw %}
{% raw %}believe he would."{% endraw %}
{% raw %}" Because I feel in my heart that he approves of me."{% endraw %}
{% raw %}Allen leaned his head ou his hand, and sighed heavily.{% endraw %}
{% raw %}He was trying to think she was right, but to him it could not{% endraw %}
{% raw %}seem right, and he struggled against his fate aud hers.{% endraw %}
{% raw %}" Darling," he said, at last, " I don't like to use hard words{% endraw %}
{% raw %}with you, but it does .appear to me as if you had become a{% endraw %}
{% raw %}sort of monomaniac ou this subject. I do not wonder at it,{% endraw %}
{% raw %}dear. The trials you have undergone, with your sensitive{% endraw %}
{% raw %}organization, are sufficient cause. Nevertheless, I can not{% endraw %}
{% raw %}bear to have it so—to see you made the victim of a morbid{% endraw %}
{% raw %}and false conviction of duty. There is no oue, Alicia, who{% endraw %}
{% raw %}does not think as I do about the facts in the case; though{% endraw %}
{% raw %}seeing you so devoted to yrour idea, excites their admiration{% endraw %}
{% raw %}as well as their pity. Have I spoken too plainly, dear?"{% endraw %}
{% raw %}" No, Frederick," replied Alicia, with " tears in her voice,"{% endraw %}
{% raw %}" you have neither surprised nor offended me. I am quite{% endraw %}
{% raw %}conscious of the opinious of others, and this is one of my{% endraw %}
{% raw %}trials. I do not think it strange that people do not under{% endraw %}
{% raw %}stand me—they could not."{% endraw %}
{% raw %}" You think I do uot understand you, then ?"  spoke a deep but pleasant voice at the door.{% endraw %}
{% raw %}The young people started to their feet iu surprise and some{% endraw %}
{% raw %}confusion, to behold Mr. Mauvais and another gentleman,{% endraw %}
{% raw %}whom Allen immediately remembered seeing once before.{% endraw %}


Before Change
for wing in geometry.wings.values():
// run vortex lattice at quaried flight conditions
[wing_lift,wing_lift_coeff,wing_drag,wing_drag_coeff] = weissinger_vortex_lattice(conditions,settings,wing,propulsors)
conditions.aerodynamics.lift_breakdown.inviscid_wings_lift[wing] = inviscid_wings_lift[wing]
state.conditions.aerodynamics.lift_coefficient_wing[wing] = inviscid_wings_lift[wing]
// lift
total_lift_coeff += wing_lift_coeff * wing.areas.reference / vehicle_reference_area
After Change
// inviscid lift of wings only
inviscid_wings_lift = Data()
//wing_lift_coeff = 0
//wing_lift = 0
//wing_drag = 0
//wing_drag_coeff = 0


Republican strategist Kimberly Klacik announces run for Elijah Cummings' Baltimore seat
by Julia MustoAs President Trump launches a new initiative to court black voters, Republican strategist Kimberly Klacik hopes to help his efforts by running for respected Congressman Elijah Cummings' seat in Maryland.
The former chairman of the House Oversight and Reform Committee passed away in October at the age of 68 after battling health problems.
KIMBERLY KLACIK: DEMS DON'T KNOW HOW TO FIX BALTIMORE PROBLEMS, ATTACK TRUMP INSTEAD
As a vocal critic, Cummings had feuded with the president over living conditions in Baltimore which the president said was a "rat and rodent infested mess."
TRUMP ADMINISTRATION PROPOSES FEES ON ASYLUM APPLICATIONS, DACA RENEWALS
Appearing on "America's News HQ: Weekend" with host Ed Henry, Klacik said that Democrats talk about everything but helping black neighborhoods and "actively vote against things that offer the black community more opportunities."
She said that they put illegal immigrants' needs ahead of the needs of United States citizens -- adding that living conditions on the border "were better than the living conditions in some areas of West Baltimore."
"That has to end," she said.
Klacik also defended the president's tweets
REPUBLICANS WANT HUNTER BIDEN, UKRAINE WHISTLEBLOWER AS IMPEACHMENT INQUIRY WITNESSES
FORMER NAACP PRESIDENT RUNNING TO TAKE BACK CUMMINGS' SEAT
"He was literally repeating what everybody has been saying for years," she said.
"We need changes -- not just in Baltimore but on Capitol Hill."
"First of all, they're not getting any work done -- if we're going to be honest," she told Henry. "But also, we need stronger Republican voices against socialism, against the 'Squad'...just helping with his policies and draining the swamp. And I think, honestly, the American people need stronger voices on transparency within Congress."
Klacik said that while it's "going to be an uphill battle," she is going to knock on every door in her District to take Cummings's seat.
On the Democrat side, at least two people have thrown their hat in the ring.
Former NAACP President Kweisi Mfume announced plans Monday to seek his old seat again.
CLICK HERE TO CHECK OUT THE FOX NEWS APP
Mfume, a Democrat who represented the Baltimore-area congressional seat before Cummings from 1987 to 1996, is the second candidate to enter the Democratic primary. Talmadge Branch, the House of Delegates Majority Whip, said he would run on Thursday, according to the Baltimore Sun. Cummings' widow, Maya Rockeymoore-Cummings, has also said she is also considering joining the race.


A table of Bingehack current sessions will display here.
Show Completed Games:
Game Count:
Account Name
Character Name
Alignment
Race
Gender
Role
HP
Max. HP
Energy
Max. Energy
Strength
Dexterity
Constitution
Intelligence
Wisdom
Charisma
Level Depth
Moves
Gold
Score


|
||||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
java.lang.Object coins.ast.ASTree coins.ast.Aggregate
Declaration of a struct/union type. If the declaration appears in a type name, the type name is decomposed into the declaration and a reference to the declared structure/union.
For example, a variable declaration:
struct Point { int x, y; struct Color { int color; } c; } p;
is decomposed into three declarations.
struct Color { int color; }; => ast.Struct object struct Point { => ast.Struct object int x, y; struct Color c; }; struct Point p; => ast.Declarator object
The struct
declaration never appears as part of
a type name.
| Field Summary | |
protected DeclaratorList |
members
|
protected java.lang.String |
name
|
protected long |
size
|
static int |
WORD_SIZE
This variable used for computing word alignment. |
| Constructor Summary | |
Aggregate(java.lang.String aname,
DeclaratorList mem,
java.lang.String fname,
int line)
|
| Method Summary | |
java.lang.String |
fileName()
Returns the file name including the statement. |
ASTree |
getLeft()
Returns members. |
Declarator |
getMember(java.lang.String name)
Returns the member of the given name. |
DeclaratorList |
getMembers()
Returns the members of the struct/union data type. |
ASTree |
getRight()
Returns null. |
long |
getSize()
Returns the size (in byte) of the struct/union data type. |
int |
lineNumber()
Returns the line number of the statement. |
java.lang.String |
name()
Returns the tag name. |
void |
setLeft(ASTree _left)
|
void |
setRight(ASTree _right)
|
protected void |
setSize(long s)
|
| Methods inherited from class coins.ast.ASTree |
accept, getTag, putSeparator, rightToString, toString, toString1 |
| Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object |
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait |
| Field Detail |
protected java.lang.String name
protected DeclaratorList members
protected long size
public static int WORD_SIZE
| Constructor Detail |
public Aggregate(java.lang.String aname, DeclaratorList mem, java.lang.String fname, int line)
| Method Detail |
protected void setSize(long s)
public java.lang.String fileName()
Stmnt
fileName
in interface Stmnt
public int lineNumber()
Stmnt
lineNumber
in interface Stmnt
public java.lang.String name()
public ASTree getLeft()
getLeft
in class ASTree
public ASTree getRight()
getRight
in class ASTree
public void setLeft(ASTree _left)
setLeft
in class ASTree
public void setRight(ASTree _right)
setRight
in class ASTree
public long getSize()
public DeclaratorList getMembers()
public Declarator getMember(java.lang.String name)
|
||||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |


3LILO does not know how to read a file system. Instead, the map installer asks the kernel for the physical location of files (e.g. the kernel image(s)) and records that information. This allows LILO to work with most file systems that are supported by Linux.


Executes a callback immediately after a component is mounted.
useEffect()
with an empty array as the second argument to execute the provided callback only once when the component is mounted.componentDidMount()
lifecycle method of class components.const useComponentDidMount = onMountHandler => {
React.useEffect(() => {
onMountHandler();
}, []);
};
const Mounter = () => {
useComponentDidMount(() => console.log('Component did mount'));
return
Check the console!
;
};
ReactDOM.render(<Mounter />, document.getElementById('root'));


|
SOFTWARE HISTORY SOCIETY |
|
Your business tag line her`e. |
|
Employee List |
|
Create a list of your employees. Type the employee’s e-mail address and a brief biography. Change the picture to one of your own, such as a picture of the employee. To add more employees, copy and paste additional text boxes. |
|
Employee name 1 |
|
Type a brief biography of the employee or describe their job. |
|
E-mail<EMAIL_ADDRESS>|
|
Employee name 2 |
|
Type a brief biography of the employee or describe their job. |
|
Employee name 3 |
|
Type a brief biography of the employee or describe their job. |
|
Employee name 4 |
|
Type a brief biography of the employee or describe their job. |
|
Employee name 5 |
|
Type a brief biography of the employee or describe their job. |
|
E-mail<EMAIL_ADDRESS>|
|
E-mail<EMAIL_ADDRESS>|
|
E-mail<EMAIL_ADDRESS>|
|
E-mail<EMAIL_ADDRESS>|


{% extends "web/base.html" %} {% block title %} 404 NOT FOUND {% endblock %} {% block content %}
The page you are looking for, does not exist!


Then this feature is made for you because you can simply type in the name of your artist and hit search! Our application will find all the news that's relevant to that artist!
Then just fill in the city/country here and hit search! Our application will display all of the artists in that particular location! How neat!
Then you can find that out here! Here you'll find all of the reviews by others or companies about your favorite idol! That way you know what others think of him/her.


| User | Score | # Attempted | % out of submitted |
|---|---|---|---|
| {{key}} | {{score_and_value['score']}} | {{score_and_value['max_possible']}} | {{100 * score_and_value['score']/score_and_value['max_possible']}}% |
| User | Score | Submitted |
|---|---|---|
| {{score.user}} | {{score.value}} | {{score.time|date : short}} |


Popular Areas in fibromyalgia doctors in washington
Fibromyalgia Seattle
The Fibromyalgia Seattle team consists of some of the most respected doctors and other health practitioners in the region and with outside referrals available, .
http://www.fibromyalgiaseattle.com/
"When your doctor won't prescribe narcotics: Tips for getting the ...
This is how doctors are, Washington is also against antibiotics and pain killer usage, . amount of time I will again have to suffer from the pain of fibromyalgia.
http://forums.webmd.com/3/fibromyalgia-exchange/resource/75
Fibromyalgia - ADAM - Health Information - Washington, DC
Feb 2, 2012 . ADAM - Health Information - Washington, DC. . Find A Doctor . Fibromyalgia is a common syndrome in which a person has long-term, .
http://www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org/body_fw.cfm?xyzpdqabc=0&id=555563&action=detail&AEArticleID=000427&AEProductID=Adam2004_5117&AEProjectTypeIDURL=APT_1
Looking for New Ways to Ease the Pain of Fibromyalgia
Aug 1, 2011 . Doctor Walitt is the director of the Fibromyalgia Research Center at Georgetown Hospital Center in Washington, DC. He is studying sixty-seven .
http://learningenglish.voanews.com/content/fibromyalgia-affects-millions-of-people-around-the-world---126529413/115292.html
Doctors at George Washington University Hospital in Washington ...
There are 80 U.S. News Top Doctors at George Washington University Hospital. . Rothenberg, Russell, MD, Rheumatologist, Fibromyalgia, Lupus/SLE, .
http://health.usnews.com/best-hospitals/area/dc/george-washington-university-hospital-6330140/doctors?page=4
Chronic Fatigue/Fibromyalgia Treatment | Holistic Integrative ...
Holistic Integrative approach to Fibromyalgia and Chronic fatigue syndrome offers more options to . NW Suite 402, Washington, DC 20015<PHONE_NUMBER> .
http://www.nihadc.com/health-programs/chronic-fatigue-fibromyalgia-treatment.html


South Dakota’s governor defends ‘Meth. We’re on it’ campaign
by STEPHEN GROVESSIOUX FALLS, S.D. (AP) - South Dakota sparked online guffaws Monday by rolling out an anti-drug campaign featuring people saying, “Meth, I’m on it,” and the governor said the backlash proves the effort to raise awareness is working.
The nearly $1.4 million campaign aimed at tackling the state’s methamphetamine epidemic includes $449,000 paid to the Minneapolis-based ad agency that created the tagline. A press release for the campaign said it uses “impactful, even shocking” images of South Dakotans to try to communicate that meth should be tackled by everyone.
The images featured the words, “Meth. I’m on it.” over photos of people in cowboy hats, in a coffee shop or on a football field.
“We didn’t want this to look like every other anti-drug campaign,” said Laurie Gill, the Secretary for the Department of Social Services, which oversaw the campaign.
Many on social media joked about the images making it appear the people in the photos are on meth.
One Twitter user posted, “It seems that if I’m on meth, I can live to a ripe old age, eat in restaurants, play football with my pals, and have a family. That sounds much better than the life I’m having now. Somebody get me some meth.”
Another Twitter user posted: “Surprising anti-meth campaign in South Dakota. With the theme ‘Meth. I’m on it,’ what could go wrong?”
Gov. Kristi Noem defended the campaign, posting, “Hey Twitter, the whole point of this ad campaign is to raise awareness. So I think that’s working …”
Noem, appearing in a video for the campaign, said South Dakota’s meth problem is “growing at an alarming rate.” According to the state’s Department of Social Services, the number of 12- to 17-year-olds who reported using meth in the last year is double the national average. The state has also seen the number of people seeking treatment for meth addiction double from 2014 to 2018.
The ad campaign includes a website, billboards and TV ads that will run through May. Gill said the price paid to Broadhead Co. to produce the ads was justified considering that meth addiction is on the rise in South Dakota.
“This is a huge issue,” she said. “And we’re willing to do what we have to do to get people on it.”
This story has been corrected to reflect that the slogan is “Meth. I’m on it,” not “I’m on meth.”
Sign up for Daily Newsletters
Copyright © 2019 The Washington Times, LLC.
Please read our comment policy before commenting.


--- layout: page title: About header-img: "img/about-bg.png" ---
a Product Manager and Junior Developer


Displays a pop-up requesting permission to allow Notifications
Show Notification sent by the browser
Test precache/cache/offline
click on the button and follow the instructions
arrow_right
Go to page 1
Clear the browser app cache
This feature will be added in the next update.
Button to subscribe to Push Notifications
Checkbox toggle to subscribe/unsubscribe to Push Notifications


Home
Keyboards
Switches
Keycaps
Accessories
Home
Keyboards
Switches
Keycaps
Accessories
Trending
Filters
Keyboards
Relevant
Trending
Newest
7V — $450
7V — $450
7V — $450
7V — $450
7V — $450
7V — $450
7V — $450
7V — $450
7V — $450
7V — $450
7V — $450
7V — $450


SQA Engineer
Autodesk
- Created ruby gem to support backend API test.
- Add integration specs using ruby & rspec to run test against any environments.
- Create Rake tasks and Cron job to run scripts to improve testing strategies.
- Use Capybara and Webdriver.io to automate frontend UI test.
- Perform Smoke, Regression testing and white/black box testing.
- Identify, Debug and report bugs in Jira and coordinate team efforts.
- Analyze, understand and gather requirements for new functionalities to plan and execute test cases in zephyr according to the release schedule.
September 2013 - April 2016
Business Analyst & Database Engineer
Aspen Technology
- Create SQL queries to QC usage cubes and databases
- Extensively use Microsoft SQL server management studio, MDX Studio, and Microsoft Visual Studio for reporting
- Prioritize and execute tasks to converge on team goals
July 2010 - December 2011
QA/Support Intern
Autodesk (formally Vela System)
- Identify bugs by reproducing it in the system
- Validate transactional and analytic report using SQL
- Work with engineering to validate SQL persistence code prior to ship.
- Manage multiple tasks in detailed-oriented fast placed environment
- Provide technical solutions to end-user of all technical skill levels
- Resolve customer technical issues quickly and accurately as well as provide escalation assistance.
- Maintain and created knowledge base articles for access by clients and employees
September 2010 - May 2013


Contact Us
Home
About Us
Cafe
Facilities
Contact Us
Ready to reserve your special date? Contact us today.
(360) 555-6831
(360) 555-6831
Email us:
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Visit us at: 14870 Ne Tahuya Blacksmith road, Tahuya, WA 98588
Complete the form below to start your request.
Customer Information
First Name:
Last Name:
Email:
Phone:
Additional Information
I would like more information about:
Facilities
Cafe
Cabins
Other
Referral Source
How did you find us?
Advertisement
Friend
Google
Social Media
Other
Questions?


|
Ineligible Transaction - Action Required
Transaction {{ txId }} of ${{ usdAmount }} that you've deposited {{ time }} is
too low to be accepted by the system. Your current balance including transactions over 1 confirmation
on wallet {{ wallet }} is ${{ walletBalance }}.
{{#if topUp}}
To qualify, please top up your wallet for ${{ topUp }} and drop a note to {{ supportEmail }}.
Please note that we are only able to consolidate transactions on the same BTC or ETH wallet.
{{ else }}
Please drop a note to {{ supportEmail }} if you want us to consolidate
your transactions
{{/if}}
You may reply to this email directly in case you still have any questions or need help
|


This tool is for aproximate location only. Geocoders can mislocate addresses, so be sure to double-check that it's accurate. Map data is provided by Mapzen's API using OpenStreetMap. Source should read: "Mapzen, OpenStreetMap" Improve the map!
Zoom:


Networking
What is networking? It's a collection of something that send data from one something to another. This could apply even to humans if you consider sound a type of data, business, etc.. However, we all have to learn how to properly communicate with one another. It's no different with computers; you have to sit down and learn the specifics, it's like learning a language all on its own. However, with computers, we can screw up and be okay (unlike in real life) and as a result, we can use that to test and experiment to speed up the learning process! We continue on to interfacing with the network...
Just following Protocol...
Networking... has *never* been more simple than it is today (:D). Generally, your specific OS will provide you with some sort of basic API to use. Before I move on to that, I'd like to explain the internet really fast.
http://tinyurl.com/42bn2s4
This is your common "internet". Please note this is usually for general areas and isn't concerning the big picture. However, I'm not worrying about that in this tutorial as this information isn't needed while "networking". This is just to help wrap your mind around it. When you think about how data gets to one another, you can think of this structure.
Also, data isn't just sent out to the internet to explore for a few hours until it reaches its destination. No, it uses something called the "internet" layer to route where it is going. Generally, you'll see use of the Internet Protocol here (please note that an IP address is of course part of the IP protocol).
Overall, we can picture a packet (a packet is simply a structure of data) with four layers. These layers are generally called the link (hardware) layer, the internet (routing) layer, the transport (control) layer, and the application layer. Together, this makes up for the Internet Protocol Suite. The packing of these packets are almost *always* abstract to us. We can program without knowing about this entirely. Most of these layers are self explanatory. To clarify though, the hardware layer helps a packet come back into a network of computers, the routing layer helps a packet reach the network at all, the control layer adds rules to the packet to help a programmer assure a packet presense, and an application layer filters the data that came with the packet to be useful to the client in some way.
When we program, we generally create the application layer (whether we know it or not). However, all that's required for a packet to be sent is the routing layer (so it knows where to go). The transport layer and application is not actually required at all! However, without the transport layer, there is a possibility that our data will get to its destination corrupt, out of order, or just not at all! The control layer "fixes" this to some extent, usually by providing some type of rules that we can follow (depending on the protocol used). Without an application layer, there would be no purpose to the packet.
More here in a bit... I might need to post this up elsewhere as the word limit might be reached :/
4/29/2011 EDIT: I'm still working on it. Windows 7 decided to blue screen me then not want to do anything else... I have absolutely no idea what happened, it doesn't seem to be a hardware issue (other partitions function fine), and I just decided a fresh install was in need (losing my example... since I forgot that I could just fetch the file from another functioning partition...)
More here in a bit... I might need to post this up elsewhere as the word limit might be reached
This wouldn't matter if you use a new post instead of trying to edit your old one.
That image is FAR too neat to be an actual representation of the internet. You don't even try to show how the different Tiers of telecom service providers interact with eachother, how DNS works. I guess we'll keep it introductory so as not to lose people.
If you're continuing one this route by the way (That is from the perspective of a programmer) you should specify that you'll ignoring the infrastructure behind the transport layer. Otherwise I think trying to explain EVERYTHING that is involved would require a Wikipedia sized article.
Good start though, I'm interested to see where this leads.
Computergeek01, I do mention that the tutorial isn't quite based on the internet itself. Wikipedia actually has images for both of those but I wanted to keep it simple :D.
As for the second comment, it's required that you have some knowledge of how the transport layer works or else the obvious question between which protocol to use would be there (the routing layer often isn't in question as in almost all cases, this is the IP protocol) . For instance, the official minecraft server uses TCP when it's rather obvious that was a mistake. People often ask me why does it matter and often argue it doesn't matter at all, when it's rather apparent to me that it does. I want to make apparent the purpose of the protocol for that reason alone. I don't plan on going in depth, simply what the difference is and in which case to use what (generally though, only TCP and UDP are used. I'll discuss raw sockets a little bit).
Can someone explain why Windows did not follow BSD (or POSIX) sockets API? It's incredibly frustrating trying to make a "cross-platform" example simply because I'm trying to adapt to how winsock does things as compared to POSIX sockets through macro defines, etc.
Windows has a long history of being different from standards. Due to their size and market share, they sometimes come out with their "own" standards and hope other market players follow "their" standards. I do see this behavoir in Apple isn't it ? :P
Just think of IE in the early days, they come out with lotsa features that are not even in the standards but to their credit, some of those features later become part of the standard.
So to follow or not to follow standards for implementation has it's pros and cons.
Btw, I have this rather lanky macro-ridden BSD-sockets based example to show. However, I don't really like it as it's difficult to relate to pure networking. The abstraction from the OS isn't really there which when using some C++ library, will almost ALWAYS be there. I can't tell if that's a bad thing or good thing. But, due to the lack of readability and my inability to have an understanding reader without explaining unnecessary things such as file descriptors, the different API's, poor error handling, etc. I'm thinking about using a library that better represents networking with abstraction such as Boost ASIO or perhaps even SFML sockets. I can see why Beej didn't include error checking in his basic examples which I might do myself but I'm kinda scared to do so.
@ sohguanh: Apple and Microsoft business patterns are so simular because Bill Gates used to work for Steve Jobs. I think I remeber something about them growing up together but I can't remeber if that was true or not.


Selenium
Element Name:
Selenium
Latin Name:
Selenium
Atomic Number:
34
Atomic Weight:
78.96 u
Is a:
Non-Metal
State of the element:
Solid
About:
Selenium is a chemical element with the symbol Se and atomic number 34. It is a nonmetal with properties that are intermediate between the elements above and below in the periodic table, sulfur and tellurium, and also has similarities to arsenic. It rarely occurs in its elemental state or as pure ore compounds in the Earth's crust. Selenium was discovered in 1817 by Jöns Jacob Berzelius, who noted the similarity of the new element to the previously discovered tellurium.
Electrons
34
Protons
34
Neutrons
45
Discoverer:
Jöns Jacob Berzelius
Discovered in:
1817


Table of Contents
Definitions
-
- Linear Independence:
- A set of vectors \(\{x_1, ... , x_m\} \in {\mathbf{R}}^n, i=1, \ldots, m\) is said to be independent if and only if the following condition on a vector \(\lambda \in {\mathbf{R}}^m\):
-
\[\sum_{i=1}^m \lambda_i x_i = 0 \ \ \ \implies \lambda = 0.\]
i.e. no vector in the set can be expressed as a linear combination of the others.
-
- Subspace:
- A subspace of \({\mathbf{R}}^n\) is a subset that is closed under addition and scalar multiplication. Geometrically, subspaces are “flat” (like a line or plane in 3D) and pass through the origin.
- A Subspace \(\mathbf{S}\) can always be represented as the span of a set of vectors \(x_i \in {\mathbf{R}}^n, i=1, \ldots, m\), that is, as a set of the form:
\(\mathbf{S} = \mbox{ span}(x_1, \ldots, x_m) := \left\{ \sum_{i=1}^m \lambda_i x_i ~:~ \lambda \in {\mathbf{R}}^m \right\}.\)
-
- Affine Sets (Cosets | Abstract Algebra):
- An affine set is a translation of a subspace — it is “flat” but does not necessarily pass through 0, as a subspace would.
(Think for example of a line, or a plane, that does not go through the origin.)
- An affine set \(\mathbf{A}\) can always be represented as the translation of the subspace spanned by some vectors:
- \(\mathbf{A} = \left\{ x_0 + \sum_{i=1}^m \lambda_i x_i ~:~ \lambda \in {\mathbf{R}}^m \right\}\ \ \\), for some vectors \(x_0, x_1, \ldots, x_m.\)
-
(Special case) lines: When \(\mathbf{S}\) is the span of a single non-zero vector, the set \(\mathbf{A}\) is called a line passing through the point \(x_0\). Thus, lines have the form \(\left\{ x_0 + tu ~:~ t \in \mathbf{R} \right\}\),
where \(u\) determines the direction of the line, and \(x_0\) is a point through which it passes. -
-
- Basis:
- A basis of \({\mathbf{R}}^n\) is a set of \(n\) independent vectors.
-
- Dimension:
- The number of vectors in the span of the (sub-)space.
Norms and Scalar Products
-
- Scalar Product:
- The scalar product (or, inner product, or dot product) between two vectors \(x,y \in \mathbf{R}^n\) is the scalar denoted \(x^Ty\), and defined as:
- \[x^Ty = \sum_{i=1}^n x_i y_i.\]
-
- Norms:
- A measure of the “length” of a vector in a given space.
- Theorem. A function from \(\chi\) to \(\mathbf{R}\) is a norm, if:
- \(\|x\| \geq 0, \: \forall x \in \chi\), and \(\|x\| = 0 \iff x = 0\).
- \(\|x+y\| \leq \|x\| + \|y\|,\) for any \(x, y \in \chi\) (triangle inequality).
- \(\|\alpha x\| = \|\alpha\| \|x\|\), for any scalar \(\alpha\) and any \(x\in \chi\).
-
\(l_p\) Norms: \(\|x\|_p = \left( \sum_{k=1}^n \|x_k\|^p \right)^{1/p}, \ 1 \leq p < \infty\)
-
- The \(l_1-norm\):
- \[\|x\|_1 := \sum_{i=1}^n \| x_i \|\]
- Corresponds to the distance travelled on a rectangular grid to go from one point to another.

- Corresponds to the usual notion of distance in two or three dimensions.
-
The \(l_2-norm\) is invariant under orthogonal transformations,
i.e., \(\|x\|_2 = \|Vz\|_2 = \|z\|_2,\) where \(V\) is an orthogonal matrix. -
The set of points with equal l_2-norm is a circle (in 2D), a sphere (in 3D), or a hyper-sphere in higher dimensions.
-
- The \(l_\infty-norm\):
- \[\| x \|_\infty := \displaystyle\max_{1 \le i \le n} \| x_i \|\]
-
useful in measuring peak values.
-
- The Cardinality:
- The Cardinality of a vector \(\vec{x}\) is often called the \(l_0\) (pseudo) norm and denoted with,
- \(\|\vec{x}\|_0\).
-
Defined as the number of non-zero entries in the vector.

- The above inequality is an equality if and only if \(x, y\) are collinear:
- \({\displaystyle \max_{x : \: \|x\|_2 \le 1} \: x^Ty = \|y\|_2,}\)
with optimal \(x\) given by
\(x^\ast = \dfrac{y}{\|y\|_ 2}, \\) if \(y\) is non-zero.
-
- Angles between vectors:
- When none of the vectors x,y is zero, we can define the corresponding angle as theta such that,
- \[\cos\ \theta = \dfrac{x^Ty}{\|x\|_ 2 \|y\|_ 2} .\]
Notes:
- \(L^q\) for \(q \in (0,1)\) are no longer Norms.
- They have non-convex contours; thus, using them makes the optimization much harder
- They, however, induce more sparsity than \(L^1\)
- \(L^1\) is the best, sparse norm, convex approximation to the \(L^q\) for \(q \in (0,1)\)
Orthogonality
-
- Orthogonal Vectors:
- We say that two vectors \(x, y \in \mathbf{R}^n\) are orthogonal if \(x^Ty = 0.\)
Projections
-
- Line:
- A line in \(\mathbf{R}^n\) passing through \(x_0 \in \mathbf{R}^n\) and with direction \(u \in \mathbf{R}^n\):
- \(\left\{ x_0 + tu ~:~ t \in \mathbf{R} \right\}\),
Re-Written:
A line in \(\mathbf{R}^n\) passing through the point \(x_0 \in \mathbf{R}^n\) and with direction \(\mathbf{u} \in \mathbb{R}^n\):$$\left\{ x_0 + c \mathbf{u} ~:~ c \in \mathbb{R} \right\}$$
-
- Projection on a line:
- The projection of a given point \(\vec{x}\) on the line is a vector \(\vec{z}\) located on the line, that is closest to \(\vec{x}\) (in Euclidean norm). This corresponds to a simple optimization problem:
- \(\min_t \: \|x - x_0 - tu\|_ 2^2\).
-
This particular problem is part of a general class of optimization problems known as least-squares.
-
It is also a special case of a Euclidean projection on a general set.
Re-Written:
The projection of a given point \(\mathbf{v}\) on the line is a vector \(\tilde{\mathbf{v}}\) located on the line, that is closest (distance-wise) to \(\mathbf{v}\) (in Euclidean norm). This corresponds to a simple optimization problem:$$\min_c \: \|\mathbf{v} - x_0 - c \mathbf{u}\|_ 2^2$$
-
- The Projection:
- Assuming that \(\vec{u}\) is normalized, so that \(\|\vec{u}\|_2 = 1\), the objecive function of the projection problem reads, after squaring:
- \[\|x - x_0 - tu\|_2^2 = t^2 - 2t u^T(x-x_0) + \|x-x_0\|_2^2 = (t - u^T(x-x_0))^2 + \mbox{constant}.\]
- \(\implies \\\) [the optimal solution to the projection problem is]
- \[t^\ast = u^T(x-x_0),\]
- and the expression for the projected vector is
- \[z^\ast = x_0 + t^\ast u = x_0 + u^T(x-x_0) u.\]
-
The scalar product \(u^T(x-x_0)\) is the component of \(x-x_0\) along \(\vec{u}\).
-
In the case when u is not normalized, the expression is obtained by replacing \(\vec{u}\) with its scaled version \(\dfrac{\vec{u}}{\|\vec{u}\|_2}\).
- The General Solution:
- \[\vec{z}^\ast = \vec{x_0} + \dfrac{\vec{u}^T(\vec{x}-\vec{x_0})}{\vec{u}^T\vec{u}} \vec{u} .\]
-
- Interpreting the scalar product:
- In general, the scalar product, \(u^Tx\), is simply,
the component of \(x\) along the normalized direction \(\dfrac{\vec{u}}{\|\vec{u}\|_2}\) defined by \(\vec{u}\).
- Projection:
A Projection is a linear transformation \(P\) from a vector-space to itself such that the matrix \(P\) is idempotent:$$P^2 = P$$
It leaves its image unchanged.
Mathematically:
A Projection on a vector space \({\displaystyle V}\) is a linear operator \({\displaystyle P:V\mapsto V}\) such that \({\displaystyle P^{2}=P}\)Properties:
- The Eigenvalues of a projection matrix must be \(0\) or \(1\)
From the equation \(P^2 = P \iff x^2 = x = x(x-1)\) has roots \(0, 1\)
- \({\displaystyle P}\) is always a positive semi-definite matrix
Follows from the fact that the eigenvalues are either \(0\) or \(1\)
- The corresponding eigenspaces are (respectively) the kernel and range of the projection
- If a projection is nontrivial it has minimal polynomial \({\displaystyle x^{2}-x=x(x-1)}\), which factors into distinct roots, and thus \({\displaystyle P}\) is diagonalizable
- The product of projections is not, in general, a projection, even if they are orthogonal.
- If projections commute, then their product is a projection.
Notes:
- The Centering Matrix: is an example of a projection matrix
- The Eigenvalues of a projection matrix must be \(0\) or \(1\)
- Orthogonal Projections:
An Orthogonal Projection is a projection \(P\) from a vector-space to itself such that the matrix \(P\) is symmetric:$$P = P^T$$
Mathematically:
- When \({\displaystyle V}\) has an inner product and is complete (i.e. when \({\displaystyle V}\) is a Hilbert space) the concept of orthogonality can be used.
Then \({\displaystyle P}\) is called an orthogonal projection if it satisfies \({\displaystyle \langle Px,y\rangle =\langle x,Py\rangle }\) for all \({\displaystyle x,y\in V}\) - A projection on a Hilbert space that is not orthogonal is called an oblique projection.
- A square matrix \({\displaystyle P}\) is called an orthogonal projection matrix if \({\displaystyle P^{2}=P=P^{\mathrm {T} }}\)
- The range \({\displaystyle U}\) and the null space \({\displaystyle V}\) are orthogonal subspaces:
$$\langle x,Py\rangle =\langle Px,Py\rangle =\langle Px,y\rangle$$
- An orthogonal projection is a bounded operator.
By Cauchy Schwartz:$${\displaystyle \|Pv\|^{2}=\langle Pv,Pv\rangle =\langle Pv,v\rangle \leq \|Pv\|\cdot \|v\|} \\ \iff \\ {\displaystyle \|Pv\|\leq \|v\|}$$
Orthogonal Projection onto a Line:
If \(\hat{u}\) is a unit vector on the line, then the projection is given by the outer-product:$$P_{\hat{u}} = \hat{u}\hat{u}^T$$
Orthogonal Projection onto Subspaces:
Generalize the above definition, if \({\displaystyle \hat{u}_{1},\ldots ,\hat{u}_{k}}\) are an orthonormal basis of the subspace \(U\), and \(A\) is the \(n \times k\) matrix with columns \({\displaystyle \hat{u}_{1},\ldots ,\hat{u}_{k}}\), then the projection is given by:$$P_A = AA^T$$
Equivalently:
$$P_{A}=\sum _{i}\langle u_{i},\cdot \rangle u_{i}$$
Dropping the Orthonormality condition on the basis, we get:
$$P_{A}=A(A^{\mathrm {T} }A)^{-1}A^{\mathrm {T} }$$
- When \({\displaystyle V}\) has an inner product and is complete (i.e. when \({\displaystyle V}\) is a Hilbert space) the concept of orthogonality can be used.
Hyperplanes
-
- Hyperplanes:
- A hyperplane is a set described by a single scalar product equality. Precisely, a hyperplane \(\in \mathbf{R}^n\) is a set of the form:
- \[\mathbf{H} = \left\{ x ~:~ a^Tx = b \right\},\]
- where a \(\in \mathbf{R}^n, a \ne 0\), and \(b \in \mathbf{R}\) are given.
-
When \(b=0\), the hyperplane is simply the set of points that are orthogonal to \(a\).
-
when \(b \ne 0\), the hyperplane is a translation, along direction \(a\), of that set.
-
If \(x_0 \in \mathbf{H}\), then for any other element \(x \in \mathbf{H}\), we have
- \[b = a^Tx_0 = a^Tx.\]

-
- Hyper-Planes as Affine Sets:
- Hyper-planes are affine sets of degree \(n-1\).
-
Thus, they generalize the usual notion of a plane \(\in \mathbf{R}^3\).
-
Hyperplanes are very useful because they allows to separate the whole space in two regions.
-
- Geometry of Hyperplanes:
- Geometrically, an hyperplane \(\mathbf{H} = \left\{ x ~:~ a^Tx = b \right\}\), with \(\|a\|_2 = 1\), is a:
-
- Translation of the set of vectors orthogonal to a.
-
- The Direction of the translation is determined by a, and the amount by b.
-
- \(abs(b)\) is, Precisely, the length of the closest point \(x_0\) on \(\mathbf{H}\) from the origin.
-
- The sign of \(b\) determines if \(\mathbf{H}\) is away from the origin along the direction \(a\) or \(-a\).
-
- The magnitude of \(b\), determines the shifting of the hyperplane, as follows:
- Increasing the magnitude: shifts the hyperplane further away along \(\pm a\), depending on the sign of \(b\).
- Decreasing the magnitude: shifts the hyperplane closer along \(\pm a\), depending on the sign of \(b\).
- The magnitude of \(b\), determines the shifting of the hyperplane, as follows:
-
In the image below, the scalar b is positive, as \(x_0\) and a point to the same direction.
Half-Spaces
-
- Half-Space:
- A half-space is a subset of \(\mathbf{R}^n\) defined by a single inequality involving a scalar product. Precisely, a half-space \(\in \mathbf{R}^n\) is a set of the form:
- \[\mathbf{H} = \left\{ x ~:~ a^Tx \ge b \right\},\]
- where \(a \in \mathbf{R}^n, a \ne 0,\) and \(b \in \mathbf{R}\) are given.
-
- Geometric Interptation:
- Geometrically, the half-space above is:
-
- The set of points such that \(a^T(x-x_0) \ge 0\).
-
i.e. The angle between \(x-x_0\) and \(a\) is acute \((\in [-90^\circ, +90^\circ])\).
-
- \(x_0\): is the point closest to the origin on the hyperplane defined by the equality \(a^Tx = b\).
-
When \(a\) is normalized, as in the picture, \(x_0 = ba\).
Linear Functions and Transformations, and Maps
-
- Linear Functions:
- Linear functions are functions which preserve scaling and addition of the input argument.
-
Formally,
- A function \(f: \mathbf{R}^n \rightarrow \mathbf{R}\) is linear if and only if \(f\) preserves scaling and addition of its arguments:
-
- for every \(x \in \mathbf{R}^n\), and \(\alpha \in \mathbf{R}, \ f(\alpha x) = \alpha f(x)\); and
-
- for every \(x_1, x_2 \in \mathbf{R}^n, f(x_1+x_2) = f(x_1)+f(x_2)\).
-
- Affine Functions:
- Affine functions are linear functions plus constant functions.
- Formally,
- A function f is affine if and only if the function \(\tilde{f}: \mathbf{R}^n \rightarrow \mathbf{R}\) with values \(\tilde{f}(x) = f(x)-f(0)\) is linear. \(\diamondsuit\)
-
Equivalently,
- A map \(f : \mathbf{R}^n \rightarrow \mathbf{R}^m\) is affine if and only if the map \(g : \mathbf{R}^n \rightarrow \mathbf{R}^m\) with values \(g(x) = f(x) - f(0)\) is linear.
-
- Equivalent Definitions of Linear Functions [Theorem]:
- A map \(f : \mathbf{R}^n \rightarrow \mathbf{R}^m\) is linear if and only if either one of the following conditions hold:
-
- \(f\) preserves scaling and addition of its arguments:
- for every \(x \in \mathbf{R}^n\), and \(\alpha \in \mathbf{R}, f(\alpha x) = \alpha f(x)\); and
- for every \(x_1, x_2 \in \mathbf{R}^n, f(x_1+x_2) = f(x_1)+f(x_2).\)
- \(f\) preserves scaling and addition of its arguments:
-
- \(f\) vanishes at the origin:
- \(f(0) = 0\), and
- It transforms any line segment \(\in \mathbf{R}^n\) into another segment \(\in \mathbf{R}^m\):
\(\forall \: x, y \in \mathbf{R}^n, \; \forall \: \lambda \in [0,1] ~:~ f(\lambda x + (1-\lambda) y) = \lambda f(x) + (1-\lambda) f(y)\).
- \(f\) is differentiable, vanishes at the origin, and the matrix of its derivatives is constant.
- There exist \(A \in \mathbf{R}^{m \times n}\) such that, \(\ \forall x \in \mathbf{R}^n ~:~ f(x) = Ax\).
- \(f\) vanishes at the origin:
- Vector Form (and the scalar product):
Theorem: Representation of affine function via the scalar product.

The function is linear \(\iff b = 0\).
The theorem shows that a vector can be seen as a (linear) function from the “input” space \(\mathbf{R}^n\) to the “output” space \(\mathbf{R}\).
Both points of view (matrices as simple collections of numbers, or as linear functions) are useful.
-
Gradient of a Linear Function:
-
- Gradient of an Affine Function:
- The gradient of a function \(f : \mathbf{R}^n \rightarrow \mathbf{R}\) at a point \(x\), denoted \(\nabla f(x)\), is the vector of first derivatives with respect to \(x_1, \ldots, x_n\).
-
When \(n=1\) (there is only one input variable), the gradient is simply the derivative.
- An affine function \(f : \mathbf{R}^n \rightarrow \mathbf{R}\), with values \(f(x) = a^Tx+b\) has the gradient:
- \(\nabla f(x) = a\).
-
i.e. For all Affine Functions, the gradient is the constant vector \(a\).
-
- Interpreting \(a\) and \(b\):
-
- The \(b=f(0)\) is the constant term. For this reason, it is sometimes referred to as the bias, or intercept.
as it is the point where \(f\) intercepts the vertical axis if we were to plot the graph of the function.
- The \(b=f(0)\) is the constant term. For this reason, it is sometimes referred to as the bias, or intercept.
-
- The terms \(a_j, j=1, \ldots, n,\) which correspond to the gradient of \(f\), give the coefficients of influence of \(x_j\) on \(f\).
For example, if \(a_1 >> a_3\), then the first component of \(x\) has much greater influence on the value of \(f(x)\) than the third.
- The terms \(a_j, j=1, \ldots, n,\) which correspond to the gradient of \(f\), give the coefficients of influence of \(x_j\) on \(f\).
-
- First-order approximation of non-linear functions:
-
- One-dimensional case:
Consider a function of one variable \(f : \mathbf{R} \rightarrow \mathbf{R}\), and assume it is differentiable everywhere.
Then we can approximate the values function at a point \(x\) near a point \(x_0\) as follows:
- One-dimensional case:
- \[f(x) \simeq l(x) := f(x_0) + f'(x_0) (x-x_0) ,\]
- \(\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\) where \(f'(x)\) denotes the derivative of \(f\) at \(x\).
-
- Multi-dimensional:
Let us approximate a differentiable function \(f : \mathbf{R}^n \rightarrow \mathbf{R}\) by a linear function \(l\), so that \(f\) and \(l\) coincide up and including to the first derivatives.
The approximate function l must be of the form:
- Multi-dimensional:
- \[l(x) = a^Tx + b,\]
- \(\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\) where \(a \in \mathbf{R}^n\) and \(b \in \mathbf{R}\).
-
The corresponding approximation \(l\) is called the first-order approximation to \(f\) at \(x_0\).
-
- Our condition that \(l\) coincides with \(f\) up and including to the first derivatives shows that we must have:
- \[\nabla l(x) = a = \nabla f(x_0), \;\; a^Tx_0 + b = f(x_0),\]
- \(\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\) where \(\nabla f(x_0)\) is the gradient, of \(f\) at \(x_0\).
-
- First-order Expansion of a function [Theorem]:
- The first-order approximation of a differentiable function \(f\) at a point \(x_0\) is of the form:
- \[f(x) \approx l(x) = f(x_0) + \nabla f(x_0)^T (x-x_0)\]
- where \(\nabla f(x_0) \in \mathbf{R}^n\) is the gradient of \(f\) at \(x_0\).
Matrices
-
- Matrix Transpose:
- \[A_{ij} = A_{ji}^T, \; \forall i, j \in \mathbf{F}\]
- Properties:
- \[(AB)^T = B^TA^T.\]
-
- Matrix-vector product:
- \[(Ax)_i = \sum_{j=1}^n A_{ij}x_j , \;\; i=1, \ldots, m.\]
- Where the Matrix is \(\in {\mathbf{R}}^{m \times n}\) and the vector is \(\in {\mathbf{R}}^m\).

-
-
- Left Product:
- If \(z \in \mathbf{R}^m\), then the notation \(z^TA\) is the row vector of size \(n\) equal to the transpose of the column vector \(A^Tz \in \mathbf{R}^n\):
- \((z^TA)_j = \sum_{i=1}^m A_{ij}z_i , \;\; j=1, \ldots, n.\)
-
- Matrix-matrix product:
- \((AB)_{ij} = \sum_{k=1}^n A_{ik} B_{kj}\).
- where \(A \in \mathbf{R}^{m \times n}\) and \(B \in \mathbf{R}^{n \times p}\), and the notation \(AB\) denotes the \(m \times p\) matrix given above.

- Transforming the columns of \(B\) into \(Ab_i\):
-
Block Matrix Products:
-
Outer Products:
-
- Trace:
- The trace of a square \(n \times n\) matrix \(A\), denoted by \(\mathbf{Tr} A\), is the sum of its diagonal elements:
- \(\mathbf{Tr} A = \sum_{i=1}^n A_{ii}\).
- Properties:
- \(\mathbf{Tr} A = \mathbf{Tr} A^T\).
- \(\mathbf{Tr} (AB) = \mathbf{Tr} (BA)\).
- \(\mathbf{Tr}(XYZ) = \mathbf{Tr}(ZXY) = \mathbf{Tr}(YZX)\).
- \({\displaystyle \operatorname{tr} (A+B) = \operatorname{tr} (A)+\operatorname{tr} (B)}\).
- \({\displaystyle \operatorname{tr} (cA) = c\operatorname{tr} (A)}\).
- \({\displaystyle \operatorname{tr} \left(X^{\mathrm {T} }Y\right)=\operatorname{tr} \left(XY^{\mathrm {T} }\right)=\operatorname{tr} \left(Y^{\mathrm {T} }X\right)=\operatorname{tr} \left(YX^{\mathrm {T} }\right)=\sum _{i,j}X_{ij}Y_{ij}}\).
- \({\displaystyle \operatorname{tr} \left(X^{\mathrm {T} }Y\right)=\sum _{ij}(X\circ Y)_{ij}}\ \ \ \\) (The Hadamard product).
- Arbitrary permutations of the product of matrices is not allowed. Only, cyclic permutations are.
However, if products of three symmetric matrices are considered, any permutation is allowed.
- The trace of an idempotent matrix \(A\), is the dimension of A.
- The trace of a nilpotent matrix is zero.
- If \(f(x) = (x − \lambda_1)^{d_1} \cdots (x − \lambda_k)^{d_k}\) is the characteristic polynomial of a matrix \(A\), then \({\displaystyle \operatorname{tr} (A)=d_{1}\lambda_{1} + \cdots + d_{k} \lambda_{k}}\).
- When both \(A\) and \(B\) are \(n \times n\), the trace of the (ring-theoretic) commutator of \(A\) and \(B\) vanishes: \(\mathbf{tr}([A, B]) = 0\); one can state this as “the trace is a map of Lie algebras \({\displaystyle \mathbf{GL_{n}} \to k}\) from operators to scalars”, as the commutator of scalars is trivial (it is an abelian Lie algebra).
- The trace of a projection matrix is the dimension of the target space. \({\displaystyle P_{X} = X\left(X^{\mathrm {T} }X\right)^{-1}X^{\mathrm {T} } \\ \Rightarrow \\ \operatorname {tr} \left(P_{X}\right) = \operatorname {rank} \left(X\right)}\)
-
- Scalar Product:
- \[\langle A, B \rangle := \mathbf{Tr}(A^TB) = \displaystyle\sum_{i=1}^m\sum_{j=1}^n A_{ij}B_{ij}.\]
-
The above definition is Symmetric:
- \[\implies \langle A,B \rangle = \mathbf{Tr} (A^TB) = \mathbf{Tr} (A^TB)^T = \mathbf{Tr} (B^TA) = \langle B,A \rangle .\]
-
We can interpret the matrix scalar product as the vector scalar product between two long vectors of length \(mn\) each, obtained by stacking all the columns of \(A, B\) on top of each other.
- Special Matrices:
- Diagonal matrices: are square matrices \(A\) with \(A_{ij} = 0\) when \(i \ne j\).
- Symmetric matrices: are square matrices that satisfy \(A_{ij} = A_{ji}\)for every pair \((i,j)\).
- Triangular matrices: are square matrices that satisfy \(A_{ij} = A_{ji}\)for every pair \((i,j)\).
Matrix Norms
-
- Norm:
- A matrix norm is a functional
- \[{\displaystyle \|\cdot \|:K^{m\times n}\to \mathbf{R} }\]
- on the vector space \({\displaystyle K^{m\times n}},\) that must satisfy the following properties:
- For all scalars \({\displaystyle \alpha } \in {\displaystyle K}\) and for all matrices \({\displaystyle A}\) and \({\displaystyle B} \in {\displaystyle K^{m\times n}}\),
-
- \(\|\alpha A\|=|\alpha| \|A\|\)
i.e. being absolutely homogeneous
- \(\|\alpha A\|=|\alpha| \|A\|\)
-
- \({\displaystyle \|A+B\|\leq \|A\|+\|B\|}\)
i.e. being sub-additive or satisfying the triangle inequality
- \({\displaystyle \|A+B\|\leq \|A\|+\|B\|}\)
-
- \({\displaystyle \|A\|\geq 0}\)
i.e. being positive-valued
- \({\displaystyle \|A\|\geq 0}\)
-
- \({\displaystyle \|A\|=0} \iff {\displaystyle A=0_{m,n}}\)
i.e. being definite
- \({\displaystyle \|A\|=0} \iff {\displaystyle A=0_{m,n}}\)
-
- \({\displaystyle \|AB\|\leq \|A\|\|B\|}\) for all square matrices \({\displaystyle A}\) and \({\displaystyle B} \in {\displaystyle K^{n\times n}}.\)
Submultiplicativity.
Not satisfied by all Norms.
- \({\displaystyle \|AB\|\leq \|A\|\|B\|}\) for all square matrices \({\displaystyle A}\) and \({\displaystyle B} \in {\displaystyle K^{n\times n}}.\)
-
- \(l_{p,q}\) norms:
- \[{\displaystyle \Vert A\Vert _{p,q}=\left(\sum _{j=1}^{n}\left(\sum _{i=1}^{m}|a_{ij}|^{p}\right)^{q/p}\right)^{1/q}}\]
-
- \(l_{2,1}\):
- \[{\displaystyle \Vert A\Vert _{2,1}= \sum _{j=1}^{n}\left(\sum _{i=1}^{m}|a_{ij}|^{2}\right)^{1/2}}\]
-
- \(l_{2,2}\) (Frobenius norm):
- \[{\displaystyle \|A\|_{\rm {F}}={\sqrt {\sum _{i=1}^{m}\sum _{j=1}^{n}|a_{ij}|^{2}}}={\sqrt {\operatorname {trace} (A^{\dagger }A)}}={\sqrt {\sum _{i=1}^{\min\{m,n\}}\sigma _{i}^{2}(A)}}},\]
- where \({\displaystyle A^{\dagger }}\) denotes the conjugate transpose of \({\displaystyle A}\), and \({\displaystyle \sigma _{i}(A)}\) are the singular values of \({\displaystyle A}\).
- Properties:
-
Submultiplicative.
- Invariant under rotations.
i.e. \({\displaystyle \|A\|_{\rm {F}}^{2}=\|AR\|_{\rm {F}}^{2}=\|RA\|_{\rm {F}}^{2}} {\displaystyle \|A\|_{\rm {F}}^{2}=\|AR\|_{\rm {F}}^{2}=\|RA\|_{\rm {F}}^{2}}\) for any rotation matrix \(R\).
-
Invariant under a unitary transformation for complex matrices.
-
\({\displaystyle \|A^{\rm {T}}A\|_{\rm {F}}=\|AA^{\rm {T}}\|_{\rm {F}}\leq \|A\|_{\rm {F}}^{2}}\).
- \({\displaystyle \|A+B\|_{\rm {F}}^{2}=\|A\|_{\rm {F}}^{2}+\|B\|_{\rm {F}}^{2}+2\langle A,B\rangle _{\mathrm {F} }}\).
-
-
- \(l_{\infty,\infty}\) (Max Norm):
- \[\|A\|_{\max} = \max_{ij} |a_{ij}|.\]
- Properties:
- NOT Submultiplicative.
-
- The Spectral Norm:
- \({\displaystyle \|A\|_{2}={\sqrt {\lambda _{\max }(A^{^{*}}A)}}=\sigma _{\max }(A)} = {\displaystyle \max_{\|x\|_2!=0}(\|Ax\|_2)/(\|x\|_2)}.\)
The spectral norm of a matrix \({\displaystyle A}\) is the largest singular value of \({\displaystyle A}\). i.e. the square root of the largest eigenvalue of the positive-semidefinite matrix \({\displaystyle A^{*}A}.\)
-
- The Spectral Radius of \(A \\) [denoted \(\rho(A)\)]:
- \[\lim_{r\rightarrow\infty}\|A^r\|^{1/r}=\rho(A).\]
- Properties:
-
Submultiplicative.
-
Satisfies, \({\displaystyle \|A^{r}\|^{1/r}\geq \rho (A),}\), where \(\rho(A)\) is the spectral radius of \(A\).
-
It is an “induced vector-norm”.
-
-
Asynchronous:
-
Asynchronous:
-
Equivalence of Norms:
- Applications:
-
RMS Gain: Frobenius Norm.
-
Peak Gain: Spectral Norm.
-
Distance between Matrices: Frobenius Norm.
-
Direction of Maximal Variance: Spectral Norm.
-
NOTES
- Distance between 2 vectors (from \(y\) to \(x\)):
\(d = \|x-y\|_2^2\)


Security Questions
This is the first time to login system, please set up your three security questions
Step 1 of 3
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Security Question 1
Enter Response
Continue
Security Question 2
Enter Response
Back
Continue
Security Question 3
Enter Response
Back
Start over
Submit
Cancel


Do I need to go into Advanced Configuration to install my Lyric Thermostat?
The Lyric Thermostat comes set to control the most common system types meaning you likely do not need to go into the Advanced Configuration. However, since Lyric is designed to work with a wide variety of heating and cooling systems as well as indoor air quality products such as whole house humidifiers, whole house dehumidifiers, and ventilators the Advanced Configuration menu allows you more options when setting up your equipment


Safe
In
Logout
Notification
Report
Request support
Report Missing Person
1
Reporter Details
2
Missing Person Details
Full Name:
Last seen(time):
Last seen(Place):
Missing Person Characteristic:
Report


Pennock-Week08-Mongo
Home
Pictures
About
Dropdown
Home
Pictures
About
Barack
Ronald
John
Barack Obama
Current President.
View details »
Ronald Reagan
President in the 1980s.
View details »
John Pennock
Future President.
View details »


HOME
YOUR PROFILE
TRACK FITNESS
ABOUT
FAQ
CONTACT US
NEED HELP!


Dr. Peter Gungula Auditing and Accounting Unit Foreign Operations Department Union Togolaise De Banque, Lome-Togo Branch Republic of Togo. Phone;+228 983 34 66 Email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>I am Dr. Peter Gungula the Director in charge of Auditing and Accounting section Union Togolaise De Banque lome-togo and also Chairman of Investigating and Auditing Department of this Bank. With due respect and regard, I have decided to contact you on a Business Transaction that will be very beneficial to both of us and our families at the end of this transaction. During our Investigation and Auditing in this Bank, my department came across a very huge sum of money belonging to one Deceased who died on October 24, 2004 Martinsville plane crash Aircraft type Beechcraft King Air 200. As the fund has been dormant in his account with this Bank without any claim of the fund in our custody either from his family or relation because he did not indicate any next of kin to this account. The amount in the dormant account is Fourteen Million United States Dollars (US$14 000,000.00) . As it may interest you to know, I got your contact from the Chamber of Commerce on foreign business relations here in Lome -togo though I did not disclose why i needed a foreign contact and only told the director on seat it was for retirement and investment purposes. Meanwhile as a Senior Staff in this bank, and the Director of Auditing and Accounting, I have in my possession all the necessary documents to perfect this deal by making you the bonafide next of kin/Partner whom this money will be transferred into your account. I need your assistance and co-operation to get this deal done. Because as a foreigner, you stand a better position to be presented through documentation as the next of kin/Partner since the deceased is also a foreigner, this is the reason why I could not do this deal alone as a staff of the bank as well. I will not fail to inform you that this transaction is 100% risk free. On smooth Conclusion of this transaction, you will be entitled to 30% of the total sum as gratification, while 10% will be set aside to take care of expenses that may arise during the time of transfer and also telephone bills, while 60% will be for me and my partner. Please, you have been advised to keep this "Top Secret" as we are still in service and intend to retire from service after we conclude this deal with you. I will be monitoring the whole situation here in this bank until you confirm the money in your bank account. And ask me to come down to your country for subsequent sharing of the fund according to percentages previously indicated and further investment,either in your country or any country you advice us to invest in. All other necessary vital information will be sent to you when I hear from you. I suggest you get back to me as soon as possible stating your wish in this deal. I am expecting your urgent reply as soon as you receive this message.  Dr. Peter Gungula Tell:+ 228 983 34 66 N/B:Please,for security reason,you should write me further with this e-mail account<EMAIL_ADDRESS>_________________________________________________________________ Express yourself instantly with MSN Messenger! Download today it's FREE! http://messenger.msn.click-url.com/go/onm00200471ave/direct/01/


First day of course+walk around...
May 27, 2008
Today I started the course by having the presentation, then a couple of hours of spatial statistics and finally 3 hours of location theory. Apart from the academic side (not that much so far as it was only the begining, so still tracktable), we got to know lunch and dinner is covered by the course fee, which will cut down the food expenditure and will allow us to go luxury when it comes to ice-creams...
By 7:00pm we were done with classes had already had dinner. My flatmates wanted to go home but, since the day was just perfect, I felt the call of Rome. So I dropped the class-stuff, plugged my ears to my headphones, where a blended mix of "My Blueberry Nights'" OST, CC's "Saturday Nights and Sunday Mornings" and Maria Callas' "Best of" was spinning around, grabbed my camera and went for a walk which ended up (as usual) in getting lost then found thanks to the kindness of people and to a bus this time. Here are the results you can see (the more important outcome of the walk cannot be shown as it's only in my mind, much more peaceful now I guess...). Enjoy them.


Lane-line Detector
Overview top#
The lane-line detector tool can used to prepare lane-line data for the segmentation and lane-line sensors. Depending on the desired result, it can use data from map annotations and/or road intensity maps.
If your annotation data is precise and aligns with the environment well, it's suggested to use it as the only input for this tool. On the other hand, if environment and annotations are slightly misaligned, you might want to try using the optional feature that will attempt to detect lines on intensity maps and correct the annotations based on this. Refer to the main options section for more details.
The main output from this tool is a set of meshes matching lane-lines on the road. These meshes are not visible for normal cameras, but will be used by the segmentation sensor to differentiate between road and lane-lines. If Generate Line Sensor Data
in main options is enabled, output will also include correction data for the lane-line sensor. You can find more details about this on lane-line sensor page.
If line visibility for segmentation camera is unnecessary or undesired, you can safely ignore this tool. Comparison of segmentation image with and without lane-lines is shown below.
Accessing the Detector top#
To open the lane-line detector window, open a Simulator project in Unity editor, then select Simulator/Detect Lane-lines
on the menu bar.
Main Options top#
There are two main options that must be set before any other, more detailed, settings are available.
The Line Source
dropdown describes which data should be used to generate lines that will be visible by segmentation sensor. Three options are available:
- HD Map
- only annotation data will be used and all generated lines will follow lines from the high-definition (HD) map.
- Intensity Map
- only road intensity maps will be used. This method is based on image processing and results may vary depending on the quality of the intensity maps.
- Corrected HD Map
- annotation data will be used, but the tool will attempt to correct any misaligned lines based on road intensity maps.
The Generate Line Sensor Data
checkbox determines whether the annotations should be corrected for the lane-line sensor. Correction is based on road intensity maps, similar to the Corrected HD Map
option in the Line Source
setting. If this option is disabled, raw annotation data will be used instead. Note that this setting is separate to Line Source
, and both sensors can use differently processed data.
After generation is done, a new object named LineData_generated
will be created on the scene. When it is selected, the scene view will show outlines of the generated lines. If you're not satisfied with the result, try using a different mode, or changing the advanced settings.
Line-detection Settings top#
This section is only visible if any of the main options was configured to use line-detection based on intensity maps.
Grouping Settings top#
| Parameter Name | Description |
|---|---|
| Line Distance Threshold | The maximum distance between line segments that can be classified as a single lane-line when classifying lines detected on intensity maps. |
| Line Angle Threshold | The maximum angle between line segments that can be classified as a single lane-line when classifying lines detected on intensity maps. |
| Max Line Segment Length | The maximum length of a single detected line segment. Longer lines will be split into multiple segments. |
| Worst Fit Threshold | The maximum valid distance between a line center and the segments creating it. This is used to filter out large clusters of spread-parallel line-segments. |
| Min Width Threshold | The maximum distance between segments that should be considered parts of a single line. This is used to filter out large clusters of spread-parallel line-segments. |
| Joint Line Threshold | The minimum viable width of a lane-line. This is used to filter out linear artifacts from detected line-segments. |
Postprocessing Settings top#
| Parameter Name | Description |
|---|---|
| World Space Snap Distance | The maximum distance between detected lines that could be considered parts of a single curve. Lines below this threshold will have their ends snap together to create a better curve approximation. |
| World Dotted Line Distance | The maximum distance between detected lines that could be considered separate parts of a single dotted line. |
| World Space Snap Angle | The maximum angle between detected lines that could be considered parts of a single curve (solid or dotted). |
Line Mesh Generation Settings top#
This section is only visible if Line Source
, in the main options, was configured to use map annotations.
| Parameter Name | Description |
|---|---|
| Snap Lane Ends | If this option is enabled, end vertices from subsequent lanes will be snapped together, within the Snap Threshold, to remove holes. |
| Snap Threshold | The maximum distance (in meters) within which lane ends can be snapped together. This is only available if Snap Lane Ends is enabled. |
| Line UV Unit | The distance, in meters, defining the size of a single UV coordinates-tile for lane-lines. Increasing this value will stretch the line texture over a longer distance. |
| Line Width | The width, in meters, of a single lane-line. Double lines will be scaled proportionally. |
| Line Bump | The vertical distance, in meters, between road and lane-lines. This elevates lines slightly to avoid clipping. |


Sets the threshold for the number of new critical, high, medium, or low severity findings allowed. If the number of new findings equals or is greater than the previous builds finding for any one of the severities, the job status will be changed to UNSTABLE or FAILURE.
This setting applies only to synchronous publishing mode!
The previous build is the one that is not aborted and has an analysis result of Dependency-Track, which does not necessarily have to be the immediately previous build.


GAIN CONFIDENCE AND REMOVE IMPERFECTIONS NATURALLY.
A SIMPLE SOLUTION TO GET YOUR IDEAL BODY
- MADE IN THE USA
- GMP-CERTIFIED
- 3RD PARTY TESTED
- CRUELTY FREE
- VEGAN
FREE FROM:
- SOY
- DAIRY
- NUTS
- GLUTEN
- GMOS
IN LOVE WITH BELNUTRA!
BELNUTRA IS THE WORLD’S FIRST TRULY “ALL-IN-ONE” BEAUTY SUPPLEMENT ENCOMPASSING INTERNAL HEALTH AND OUTER CHARACTERISTICS.
THE BELNUTRA DIFFERENCE:
CLEAR, YOUTHFUL SKIN
Optimal levels of the antioxidant vitamin C improve the moisture balance of your skin and aid in healthy collagen formation, for a complexion that glows from the inside out.
DIMINISHED IMPERFECTIONS
Vitamin E protects against damaging free radicals to decrease environmental damage to your body and reduce the appearance of lines, wrinkles, and discoloration.
THICKER, HEALTHIER HAIR
Bring out the natural shine in your hair with a healthy dose of biotin. This power vitamin also helps your body metabolize fats and carbs and supports cell generation, keeping your hair growing long and strong.
STRONGER NAILS
Finally end the struggle against breakage. You’ll enjoy faster growing, stronger nails with enhanced coloration.
IMPROVED METABOLISM
An energy boost from B-vitamins, iron, and zinc keeps your metabolism working hard throughout the day.
FALL IN LOVE WITH TAKING CARE OF YOUR BODY. START YOUR BELNUTRA JOURNEY TODAY.
The Results
Here are just a few before & after pics from our happy customers


Nullam eu varius tellus. Proin eget nulla congue, mollis nibh vel, placerat eros. Sed pellentesque et enim non pretium. Vestibulum erat erat, fringilla non vestibulum eu, sollicitudin in ex. Curabitur varius orci eu lorem pharetra, in facilisis magna rutrum. Ut iaculis ipsum ac nisi lacinia, eu auctor turpis luctus. Fusce nec sapien eros. Duis posuere, elit non finibus egestas, ex ligula maximus ante, laoreet sodales erat mauris et dui. Donec suscipit quis dolor nec euismod. Suspendisse interdum leo quis feugiat consectetur.
The Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a spathe or leaf-like bract. Also known as the arum family, members are often colloquially known as aroids. This family of 114 genera and about 3750 known species[3] is most diverse in the New World tropics, although also distributed in the Old World tropics and northern temperate regions.
Dendrobium is a genus of mostly epiphytic and lithophytic orchids in the family Orchidaceae. It is a very large genus, containing more than 1,800 species that are found in diverse habitats throughout much of south, east and southeast Asia, including China, Japan, India, the Philippines, Indonesia, Australia, New Guinea, Vietnam and many of the islands of the Pacific. Orchids in this genus have roots that creep over the surface of trees or rocks, rarely having their roots in soil. Up to six leaves develop in a tuft at the tip of a shoot and from one to a large number of flowers are arranged along an unbranched flowering stem. Several attempts have been made to separate Dendrobium into smaller genera, but most have not been accepted by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.
Phalaenopsis Blume (1825), commonly known as moth orchids, is a genus of about seventy species of orchids in the family orchid. Orchids in this genus are monopodial epiphytes or lithophytes with long, coarse roots, short, leafy stems and long-lasting, flat flowers arranged in a flowering stem that often branches near the end. Orchids in this genus are native to India, China, Southeast Asia, New Guinea and Australia with the majority in Indonesia and the Philippines.
Orchids in the genus Phalaenopsis are monopodial ephiphytic, sometimes lithophytic herbs with long, coarse roots and short leafy stems hidden by overlapping leaf bases. The leaves are usually arranged in two rows, relatively large and leathery, oblong to elliptic and sometimes succulent. A few to many, small to large, long-lasting, flat, often fragrant flowers are arranged on erect to hanging racemes or panicles. The sepals and petals are free from and spread widely apart from each other. The lateral sepals are usually larger than the dorsal sepal and the petals much wider than the sepals. The labellum is joined stiffly to the column and has three lobes. The side lobes are erect and more or less parallel to each other and the middle lobe sometimes has a pair of appendages or antennae.
Maecenas lacinia id arcu sit amet rutrum. Nullam quis quam sit amet augue tempor pharetra eget eget erat. Nullam finibus, nulla sit amet condimentum feugiat, ligula ipsum ullamcorper urna, a imperdiet lacus dui eu nisl. Etiam id tincidunt quam. Etiam faucibus pharetra dolor in sodales. Etiam sed porttitor turpis. Vivamus placerat justo id neque lacinia, id porta risus bibendum. Duis ligula lorem, rutrum non neque ac, dignissim lobortis odio. Nullam porta, nulla eget dictum faucibus, eros leo euismod elit, ac volutpat ligula risus sit amet odio. Quisque eu orci tristique, tincidunt nulla id, vehicula est. Proin vehicula placerat vestibulum. Vestibulum massa nulla, gravida eu erat sed, malesuada bibendum lacus. Aenean molestie sapien mauris. Maecenas nec arcu dui.
Quisque vel luctus tortor. Fusce nec urna felis. Suspendisse id egestas purus. Ut porttitor mauris dui. Nam at libero posuere nisl pretium cursus venenatis vel dolor. Quisque dignissim diam bibendum elit placerat, pulvinar facilisis velit lobortis. Fusce scelerisque eros mollis quam fermentum rhoncus. Vestibulum cursus nunc quam, ac viverra ipsum accumsan sit amet. Nam consectetur sapien quis facilisis rhoncus.


[§231-15.3] Signature presumed authentic. The fact that an individual's name is signed on a return, statement, or other document shall be prima facie evidence for all purposes that the return, statement, or other document was actually signed by the individual. [L 2009, c 166, pt of §16]


{% extends "photo_manager/base.html" %} {% block nav %} {% include "photo_manager/nav.html" with current=2 %} {% endblock nav %} {% block main_content %}
This photo was uploaded on {{ photo.date_uploaded|date:"F j Y" }}, and taken in {{ photo.location.city }}, {{ photo.location.get_country_display }}.


Our Story
The Story Behind Specless.
Saw the Need
Had an Idea
Built a solution
Not too long ago there were just a handful of display ad formats. If you had creative in those formats, you could run your ads anywhere. As you know, that’s no longer the case. And this is how Specless came to fruition
Specless is grounded in perspective. We experienced the explosive growth – and challenges – of mobile advertising while working at one of the largest global creative agencies and later when managing mobile monetization at a ComScore Top 10 property.
Seeing all this first-hand, we knew there had to be a better way to create and deliver ads for this dynamic, mobile world. We wanted ads that ran fluidly and seamlessly between all devices, mirroring the way people move between these devices effortlessly.
We know from experience that effective campaigns perfectly meld a smart placement, solid strategy, great ideas, eye-catching visuals and unforgettable copy. But the weak link, as we saw it, was translating this combination into the responsive, digital realm. Sites were adopting responsive frameworks and starting to "flow" across many devices, but that ads remained rigid and inflexible.
So we set out to solve this issue by building a platform that was incredibly simple to use, yet allowed all of these elements to flow seamlessly across ad slots of various sizes and formats. We wanted to remove the ads specs and constraints from the equation entirely. Which is how the Specless ad format came to be and is our reason for being.
Not only does Specless make online advertising easier for designers, agencies, media companies and clients, it puts the creative front and center – right where it should be. And that’s better for all of us.
Meet Our Co-Founders
Stephen Corby
CEO, Product & Design
Stephen initially saw the need for a product like Specless while at CBS Interactive where he managed mobile monetization for properties such as CNET.com and CBSNews.com. His time at CBS and his previous experience at a global creative agency working with Fortune 500 brands has given him a unique perspective on the process of creating and running successful campaigns. Stephen's work experience, combined with his award-winning design background and a Bachelor of Fine Arts from The University of Michigan, has proven to be a combination perfectly suited for building a new way to create ads for the responsive web.
Shashank Sharma
Technology
Shashank manages all development and technical operations at Specless. Shashank is an expert in software engineering and technical development, and his experience at HP working on content management systems prepared him perfectly for re-imagining ad delivery. In addition to HP, Shashank has worked at Autonomy and Argonne National Labs. Shashank holds a Masters Degree in Computer Science from the University of Chicago. Shashank is actively involved in ensuring quality execution of all technical aspects of Specless.
Michael Abramowitz, CPA
Finance
Michael is the financial brains behind Specless. He has spent several years in the Financial Industry developing enterprise level applications for financial markets. Michael is a Certified Public Accountant, holds degrees in Finance and Economics from Tulane University, a Masters in Accounting from University of Illinois at Chicago, and a Masters in Computer Science from University of Chicago. Michael's addition to the team ensures flawless execution of all billing, invoicing and financial matters.
Marco Zhang
Operations
Marco manages operations at Specless. Marco holds Bachelors and Masters degrees in Electrical Engineering from Imperial College and a Masters degree in Computer Science from the University of Chicago. Marco oversees a team of developers around the world and is highly skilled at ensuring complicated technology undertakings are delivered on time according to specification.


| 1 | package fr.sii.ogham.core.util; | |
| 2 | ||
| 3 | import java.util.Comparator; | |
| 4 | ||
| 5 | /** | |
| 6 | * Helper class to register several objects with associated priority. | |
| 7 | * | |
| 8 | * @author Aurélien Baudet | |
| 9 | * | |
| 10 | * @param <P> | |
| 11 | * the type of priorized object | |
| 12 | * @see PriorizedList | |
| 13 | * @see PriorityComparator | |
| 14 | */ | |
| 15 | public class WithPriority<P> { | |
| 16 | private final P priorized; | |
| 17 | private final int priority; | |
| 18 | ||
| 19 | /** | |
| 20 | * Wraps the priorized object with a priority. | |
| 21 | * | |
| 22 | * @param priorized | |
| 23 | * the object to priorize | |
| 24 | * @param priority | |
| 25 | * the associated priority | |
| 26 | */ | |
| 27 | public WithPriority(P priorized, int priority) { | |
| 28 | super(); | |
| 29 | this.priorized = priorized; | |
| 30 | this.priority = priority; | |
| 31 | } | |
| 32 | ||
| 33 | public P getPriorized() { | |
| 34 |
1
1. getPriorized : replaced return value with null for fr/sii/ogham/core/util/WithPriority::getPriorized → RUN_ERROR |
return priorized; |
| 35 | } | |
| 36 | ||
| 37 | public int getPriority() { | |
| 38 |
1
1. getPriority : replaced int return with 0 for fr/sii/ogham/core/util/WithPriority::getPriority → RUN_ERROR |
return priority; |
| 39 | } | |
| 40 | ||
| 41 | @Override | |
| 42 | public String toString() { | |
| 43 |
1
1. toString : replaced return value with "" for fr/sii/ogham/core/util/WithPriority::toString → NO_COVERAGE |
return priorized + " (priority=" + priority + ")"; |
| 44 | } | |
| 45 | ||
| 46 | /** | |
| 47 | * Provide a comparator used to sort by priority. Higher priority value | |
| 48 | * first. | |
| 49 | * | |
| 50 | * @param <P> | |
| 51 | * the type of priorized object | |
| 52 | * @return the comparator | |
| 53 | */ | |
| 54 | public static <P> Comparator<WithPriority<P>> comparator() { | |
| 55 |
1
1. comparator : replaced return value with null for fr/sii/ogham/core/util/WithPriority::comparator → RUN_ERROR |
return new PriorityComparator<>(WithPriority::getPriority); |
| 56 | } | |
| 57 | } | |
Mutations | ||
| 34 |
1.1 |
|
| 38 |
1.1 |
|
| 43 |
1.1 |
|
| 55 |
1.1 |


OUR STORY
IF YOU WANT TO GETTING MARRIED (:
UNSEEN WEDDING PHOTO team. 's
photographers gathered shooting wedding pictures prewedding
we were recording their own photographic picture controls all is that we have a camera photographer.
But we have to add the service. In the unseen wedding dress rental wedding dress on the page is available to us. Due to the customer
In addition, we also have a contact in the makeup of the video frame image albums to a customer location. The services we can get it all in one place.
+ All of it
- Stills Day ceremony
- Photo Prewedding with a package. And hiring only
- Rental for the wedding day and wedding photos for Prima.
- Photo Service Cinematography Memoirs animated series Full HD.
- Services make up the day job prewedding.


welcome to
Samples:
1.
Getting started
2.
Basic mathematics
3.
Interactivity
4.
PlutoUI.jl
5.
Plots.jl
6.
Tower of Hanoi
7.
JavaScript
More to come...


Overview
Design Question
How can we design a narrative in Virtual Reality that can motivate interactors to identify themselves as part of the virtual world and engage with virtual characters?
Solution
A Thriller-themed VR experience in which the interactor resurrects from a coffin with other zombies, realizes his/her identity, follows the invitation and dancing tutorial provided by Michael Jackson, and joins a group zombie dance in the end.
My Role
VR Experience Designer, Unity Developer
Timeline
Sept. 2018 - Now
Team Members
Tony Jin, Shengxi Wu, Yannu Li, Huan Deng
Tools
Unity 3D
My Contribution
I came up with the initial idea with Shengxi, and pitched it to other group members. During the initial planning phase, I encouraged my team to brainstorm ideas for different "touchpoints" in the experience, and led those brainstorming sessions. I prototyped all the interactions in Unity, evaluated the experience through 3 rounds of testing, and iterated on the design with my teammates.
Design Outcome
The project is still in progress--we only made the prototype with enough fidelity for us to test our ideas and see people's reactions; we still need to iterate on the narrative & interaction design. Here's a medium-fidelity prototype that we recently tested with the public:
This project is still in progress. Please check back in a week or two for further updates.


FREE PLAY
We have a wide variety of toys including cars, play kitchen, train sets, dolls, dressing up, Happy Land, giant Jenga, Skuttle Bugs, baby toys and mats, books, puzzles, etc for the children to use for free play.
CRAFT & MESSY PLAY
Each week we have a craft activity for the children to engage with. From time to time we have a session dedicated to Messy Play with several craft activities running together.
SINGING
Whilst the toys are being tidied away, we wrap up each session with a 15min group singing session. The children can make use of various musical instruments to play along as well as singing.
REFRESHMENTS
We have tea, coffee and biscuits for the adults, and the children are offered water, juice, fruit and biscuits.
ACTIVITIES
Each week we have a craft activity for the children to engage with. From time to time we have a session dedicated to Messy Play with several craft activities running together.
VISITS
Whilst the toys are being tidied away, we wrap up each session with a 15min group singing session. The children can make use of various musical instruments to play along as well as singing.


Because images can take a few seconds to load (or not at all), use the .image
container to specify a precisely sized container so that your layout isn't broken because of image loading or image errors.
Image
A container for responsive images
Fixed square images #
There are 7 dimensions to choose from, useful for avatars:
image is-16x16 |
16x16px | |
image is-24x24 |
24x24px | |
image is-32x32 |
32x32px | |
image is-48x48 |
48x48px | |
image is-64x64 |
64x64px | |
image is-96x96 |
96x96px | |
image is-128x128 |
128x128px |
Rounded images #
You can also make rounded images, using .is-rounded
class:
Retina images #
Because the image is fixed in size, you can use an image that is four times as big. So for example, in a 128x128
container, you can use a 256x256
image, but resized to 128x128 pixels.
Responsive images with ratios #
If you don't know the exact dimensions but know the ratio instead, you can use one of the 16 ratio modifiers, which include common aspect ratios in still photography:
image is-square |
Square (or 1 by 1) | |
image is-1by1 |
1 by 1 | |
image is-5by4 |
5 by 4 | |
image is-4by3 |
4 by 3 | |
image is-3by2 |
3 by 2 | |
image is-5by3 |
5 by 3 | |
image is-16by9 |
16 by 9 | |
image is-2by1 |
2 by 1 | |
image is-3by1 |
3 by 1 | |
image is-4by5 |
4 by 5 | |
image is-3by4 |
3 by 4 | |
image is-2by3 |
2 by 3 | |
image is-3by5 |
3 by 5 | |
image is-9by16 |
9 by 16 | |
image is-1by2 |
1 by 2 | |
image is-1by3 |
1 by 3 |
The .image
container will take up the whole width while maintaining the perfect ratio.
Arbitrary ratios with any element #
You can now use the
Variables #
You can use these variables to customize this element. Simply set one or multiple of these variables before importing Bulma. Learn how.
| Name | Type | Default value | Computed value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Type | Default value | Computed value |
$dimensions
|
string |
16 24 32 48 64 96 128
|


For example, in the value != -1 && value > 0
condition, the first part is redundant:
if it's false, then the second part is also false.
Or in a condition like obj != null && obj instanceof String
,
the null-check is redundant as instanceof
operator implies non-nullity.
New in 2018.3


|
lubyk
0.5
|
#include <GroupBox.h>
Inherits lubyk::LuaObject.
Public Member Functions | |
| GroupBox (const char *title=NULL, QWidget *parent=NULL) | |
| ~GroupBox () | |
| QString | cssClass () const |
Public Attributes | |
| QSize | size_hint_ |
Properties | |
| QString | class |
GroupBox (arrange widgets vertically).
Definition at line 47 of file GroupBox.h.
| mimas::GroupBox::GroupBox | ( | const char * | title = NULL , |
| QWidget * | parent = NULL |
||
| ) | [inline] |
Definition at line 53 of file GroupBox.h.
References MIMAS_DEBUG_CC.
| mimas::GroupBox::~GroupBox | ( | ) | [inline] |
Definition at line 58 of file GroupBox.h.
References MIMAS_DEBUG_GC.
| QString mimas::GroupBox::cssClass | ( | ) | const [inline] |
Definition at line 62 of file GroupBox.h.
Definition at line 66 of file GroupBox.h.
QString mimas::GroupBox::class [read] |
Definition at line 50 of file GroupBox.h.


You have just initialized a default MarkBind site! It is equipped with a set of core features, including site and page navigation. Additionally, we have included some convenient links to our User Guide, to help you get started quickly and easily.
If you were intending to convert an existing GitHub wiki or a docs folder into MarkBind, use the --convert
flag instead. See User Guide: MarkBind in the Project Workflow for more information.
If you want to start with a --template
flag with the "minimal" option to initialize a minimal site instead of the default. See User Guide: Templates for more information.
This default site comes pre-configured with the core Navigation components: a
To see the capability of MarkBind in action, feel free to take a look at some of the websites built using MarkBind on our Showcase page.
For more information on how to work with MarkBind sites and to add content, refer to our comprehensive User Guide.
If you are interested in contributing to MarkBind, you can refer to our Developer Guide as well!
Good starting points in our User Guide
Learn about the variety of syntax schemes, formats, and custom MarkBind components that you can use in your MarkBind site.
More info in: User Guide → Authoring Contents
Learn how to modify site properties, apply themes, and enable/disable plugins for your MarkBind site.
More info in: User Guide → Working with Sites
Refer to our Full Syntax Reference page to find a specific feature or component that you want to use in your MarkBind site.
More info in: User Guide → Full Syntax Reference


{{ basic-data.name }} on {{ basic-data.date }}
{% if logged-in %} {% endif %}| Artist | Name | Episode feature |
|---|---|---|
| {{ tr.artist-name }} | {{ tr.track-name }} | {{ tr.feature }} |
Episode with the given number could not be found
{% endif %}
| Artist | Name | Episode feature |
|---|---|---|
| {{ tr.artist-name }} | {{ tr.track-name }} | {{ tr.feature }} |


book to read next? You're not alone. Almost everyone faces the struggle at one point or another. But have no fear! William's Book Recommender is here to help you put all that trouble to bed. Simply answer the questions below and you'll have a great book to read right away!
Then I'll just recommend what I'm reading now. Jo Nesbo's The Snowman. A bit of a mystery, a bit of a thriller, it ticks most of the boxes and I'm sure you'll enjoy it.
, you should read:


Siberian taxi firm bringing fare-haggling to Moscow plans expansion
A Siberian ride-hailing firm that allows customers to haggle over their fares is investing to beef up its presence in Moscow, a market dominated by New York-listed internet giant Yandex and Uber, its founder said.
MOSCOW: A Siberian ride-hailing firm that allows customers to haggle over their fares is investing to beef up its presence in Moscow, a market dominated by New York-listed internet giant Yandex and Uber, its founder said.
InDriver, which is available in 28 countries chiefly in Central Asia and Latin America, plans to spend up to US$10 million over the next two years to expand its presence in the sprawling Russian capital, its head and founder Arsen Tomsky told Reuters.
Unlike its competitors that offer fixed rates, inDriver allows customers themselves to propose a fare for their journey. Drivers can then either accept or reject the price, or make a counter offer.
The Moscow market for online taxi services is fiercely competitive and Yandex.Taxi, Russia's largest online taxi service, is currently planning an initial public offering (IPO).
InDriver currently holds less than 2per cent of the Moscow taxi market, with Yandex.Taxi and Uber together accounting for more than 70per cent, data from Moscow's transport department showed.
Tomsky said inDriver, whose strongest customer base is in Siberia and Russia's Far East, had carried out 1 million rides a day globally in November. In contrast, Yandex.Taxi conducts more than 3 million a day, according to VTB Capital data.
"We can see that seven out of 10 Muscovites haven't heard about us," Tomsky said. "This means we have to invest much more in Moscow. This will significantly increase our market share."
InDriver does not disclose its revenue, but Tomsky said it planned to see its gross merchandise volume (GMV), a measure of sales, reach up to US$1 billion this year.
In 2018 its GMV stood at US$350 million, a figure Tomsky expects to grow by between 2.5 and 3 times every year over the next five years.
(Reporting by Nadezhda Tsydenova; Writing by Gabrielle Tétrault-Farber; Editing by Jan Harvey)


A chart's grid is what defines the area in which the data visualization will be rendered. The grid definition includes its dimensions such as margins, padding, height, and width. The grid also defines whether the rendered content will be interactive. The basic grid is set up with a default configuration that should work for the majority of cases. But, if any of the its configuration items need adjustment for your particular use case, the following examples demonstrate how.
You can preconfigure a grid by by passing an
IGridConfig
to the grid's constructor
and then pass the grid instance to the
Chart
class's constructor. The code snippets
on this page use the XYGrid
and
XYGridConfig
as an example.
{{gridInstantiation}}
Alternately, you can change an existing grid instance's configuration by accessing it
via the chart's getGrid
method. The grid's configuration can then be set by passing a new
IGridConfig
to its
config
method.
{{gridReconfiguration}}
To disable all user interaction on the chart set the grid configuration's interactive
property to
false
. If you hover over the example below, you can tell that interaction is disabled by the fact
that no interaction line is shown.
To adjust the grid's margins, padding, height, and width, modify the dimension
property
(DimensionConfig
) on the grid
configuration as described below.
The grid's margins can be adjusted by setting the grid configuration's dimension.margin
property
with an IAllAround<number>
value
or by setting one of the margin number values directly, e.g. gridConfig.dimension.margin.top = 15
.
The default values for the XYGridConfig margin are:
{{defaultMargins | json}}
In addition to being able to specify the grid's margins manually, you can set the grid to
automatically adjust its margins based on the tick label width. For example, set
axis.bottom.fit
to true to adjust the grid's horizontal margins so that the bottom axis tick
labels are not cropped on the left or right. And, set axis.left.fit
to true to adjust the
grid's left margin to prevent the left axis tick labels from getting cropped on their left side.
The grid's padding can be adjusted by setting the grid configuration's
dimension.padding
property with an
IAllAround<number>
value
or by setting one of the padding number values directly, e.g.
gridConfig.dimension.padding.top = 15
.
The grid's height and/or width can be adjusted by first setting the grid configuration's
dimension.autoHeight
and/or dimension.autoWidth
properties to false.
With auto-height and/or auto-width disabled, you can then use the
height
and
width
methods on the grid
configuration's dimension
property to adjust the height and width.


<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">

<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
<TITLE>Message</TITLE>
<META content="MSHTML 6.00.2800.1400" name=GENERATOR>

Hi
Sathi,

in
principle, it is absolutely possible for you to get the library, the only thing
we have to do before we can hand it out is attaching a license to it (this will
be a free license anyway).

However, we are currently in the process of making everything ready for a
first formal release (planned to be at the beginning of october). That means
that the design of the library is almost finished (a part from quirk removal).
The interface for users such as you will undergo some heavy revision though.
Another thing that is almost not there (a part from examples) is reasonable
documentation.

As
said, of course you can get the library but for you it would be better if you
could wait a little bit (unless you are willing to endure some hardship
;-)).

Please
allow me to also address your second question about constructive disjunction:
Gecode does not support constructive disjunction. In a second development step,
the goal will be to provide very powerful constraint combination mechanisms
(inspired by my PhD work). There, constructive disjunction will be one part of
it.

You
did you come across Gecode anyway? Would you be willing to be abused by us as
Guinea pig?

Cheers
and thanks for your interest!

Christian

PS:
Keep on checking www.gecode.org...

--
Christian Schulte, http://www.imit.kth.se/~schulte/

-----Original Message-----
From: Sathi
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>
Sent: Saturday, July 17, 2004 5:09
PM
To: schulte@imit.kth.se
Subject: Gecode
request.

Dear Christian
Schulte,

My research group here at
IT-University of Copenhagen is
working on Configuration Systems.

We would like to design a
configurator based on Gecode and compare its performance with a BDD based
Configurator Library being developed in my group.

Is it possible for me to get
Gecode Library now?

We would like to have it as soon
as possible

Thanks,

Sathi


{{ partial "sections/teaser.html" . }} {{ partial "sections/product.html" . }} {{ partial "sections/bramble.html" . }} {{ partial "sections/footer-circle-gray.html" . }}


{{ .Title }}
If you are not redirected automatically, follow the link.
{{ else }} {{ .Content }} {{ end }}{{ partial "core/html-start.html" . }} {{ partial "core/head.html" . }}
{{ partial "core/main-menu.html" . }}If you are not redirected automatically, follow the link.
{{ else }} {{ .Content }} {{ end }}


XIU XIU: THE SENT DOWN GIRL (TIAN YU)
Reviewed by Harvey Karten, Ph.D. Stratosphere Entertainment Director: Joan Chen Writer: Yan Geling (Novella), Joan Chen Cast: Lu Lu, Lopsong
On the surface, "Xiu Xiu" emulates a fable, a legend, though in fact the novella "Tian Yu" on which the film is based was inspired by the experiences of a woman known by the writer, Yan Geling. Look just a bit below the surface and you'll find that this story--which centers almost exclusively on the relationship of two people from different cultures and generations--is one of the most scathing indictments of Chinese Communism yet filmed. Taking place during the waning days of the Cultural Revolution (1967-1976), the tale illustrates that even during this period of the most intensely communistic strivings of the People's Republic, your future could well be determined by money, family influence, and connections in the right places. Wherever Communism has taken root, the people have received far greatest promises than any government could realize. By bringing this concept down to a simple tale that focuses on a 15-year-old girl who comes of age during a period of particular upheaval in contemporary China, Shanghai-born director Joan Chen effectively dramatizes the lies and depravity endemic to that country's political system.
The story is narrated by a passionate admirer of the principal character (Luoyong Wang), who is sadly taking leave of his young girl friend Wenxiu, nicknamed Xiu Xiu (Lu Lu). An innocent resident of the city of Chengdu, she has been promised a job as a leader of the prestigious girls' Iron Cavalry, an appointment which would presumably be awarded after a one year's training program at hard labor followed by a six months' assignment to a remote region bordering Tibet. At the Spartan training camp, the only entertainment for the youthful participants is an occasional black-and-white propaganda movie, concluding with a song in which the entire audience joins. To Xiu Xiu's surprise, she is ultimately sent down to a barren, isolated land to work the horses with a twenty-year veteran horse herder, Lao Jin (Lopsang), known far and wide as a man who had been castrated during a Tibetan uprising and who therefore poses no threat of improper conduct with the girl.
At the conclusion of the six months' assignment--during which time she has become fond of the much older man who treats her gently and who has obviously been taken by her innocent charms--she is eager to return to the bustling Chengdu, but no such luck. Nobody comes to pick her up and give her the documents she needs to live there. Instead, a number of individuals pass through, claiming the ability to help her get the residence permits in return for her sexual favors. She quickly loses her innocence and her modesty, while the unhappy Lopsang is impotent to come to her aid. ULtimately Lopsang, the only person outside her own family to care for her, grants her the peace she so earnestly seeks.
Because "Xiu Xiu" is brutally critical of the Communist system, we can be sure the film will not be shown in her own country. Filmed by Ms. Chen without a permit, its crew worked in remote regions of Tibet, regularly moving to avoid the authorities. The movie was shipped out where the work was honored in Taipei by sweeping seven Golden Horse (Oscar) awards, including best picture, director, actor, actress, screenplay, song and music. Selected in the U.S. for festivals at Fort Lauderdale, Telluride, San Francisco and Hawaii, "Xiu Xiu" effectively satirizes utopian regimes by highlighting a girl who is innocent, optimistic and trusting until the system turns the despairing young person into a whore. In the title role, the seventeen-year-old Lu Lu projects unsullied naivete, her first-rate performance impressively converting her into a desperately unhappy, exploited woman. Director Chen is so adept at her job that she is able to show the seething that influences every muscle of the impotent Lao Jin's body while simultaneously depicting the playful chemistry that sheaths a genuine chemistry between these two people. Ironically, an American can expect to pay $6,000 to tour the very regions highlighted by Yue Lu's dramatic photography, an area so stifling to the film's principal character that she would sooner die than endure another month.
Rated R. Running time: 99 minutes. (c) 1999 by Harvey Karten
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


GOV.UK Taxonomy and Navigation
An overview
Taxonomy
Something about classification...
Topic Taxonomy
"The Topic Taxonomy is a classification scheme for
organising and finding content on GOV.UK, based on its
subject area."
Topic Taxonomy Structure
- It's a (mathematical) tree
- The root is the homepage
Aboutness and Specificity
- The Topic Taxonomy is about the subject area of content, or "aboutness"
- Taxons lower down the tree should be more specific
Content is "tagged" to taxons
This is a visualisation of the volume of content tagged to
each taxon.
Topic Taxonomy Scope
All content items, except the ones that aren't content...
For the full list, see
document_types_excluded_from_the_topic_taxonomy.yml
Uses of the Topic Taxonomy
- Topic pages
- Email subscriptions
- ...
Navigation
Not so new anymore,
Topic taxonomy powered
Topic Pages
- Since
-
"beta" in March, 2017
New design as of March, 2018
- Managed through
- Content Tagger
- Rendered by
- Collections
- Document type
-
taxon
A tangent about
Worldwide taxons
-
Currently use the 1st iteration of the design for
"topic" pages
- Since
- June, 2017
- Rendered by
- Collections
- Document type
-
taxon
Other navigation page types
- Mainstream browse
- Policies
- Policy areas
- Specialist Topics
- ...
Mainstream Browse
- Since
- Launch
- Managed through
- Collections Publisher
- Rendered by
- Collections
- Document type
-
mainstream_browse_page
Policies
- Since
- Launch
- Managed through
- Policy Publisher
- Rendered by
- Finder Frontend
- Document type
-
policy
Policy Areas
- Since
- Launch
- Managed through
- Whitehall
- Rendered by
- Whitehall
- Document type
-
policy_area
(Specialist) Topics/
Specialist Sectors
- Since
- ~2014
- Managed through
- Collections Publisher
- Rendered by
- Collections
- Document type
-
topic
Other navigation page types