Field is required!
Field is required!
No selected tag.
Invalid Compress Settings JSON!
No selected tag.
| Fields For Recommendation | |
|---|---|
| {{field.Name}} |
No selected tag.
Field is required!
Field is required!
Field is required!
Field is required!
Invalid Weights JSON!
Field is required!
Field is required!
Field is required!
Invalid Compress Settings JSON!
Field is required!
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Field is required!
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{% extends "admin/change_form.html" %} {% block breadcrumbs %}
{{ ot_help }}
You must first select some users to remove content.


The HTML <object> element is used for embedding media like Flash or QuickTime in web pages. The object view helpers take care of embedding media with minimum effort.
There are four initial Object helpers:
All of these helpers share a similar interface. For this reason, this documentation will only contain examples of two of these helpers.
Embedding Flash in your page using the helper is pretty straight-forward. The only required argument is the resource URI.
1 | <?php echo $this->htmlFlash('/path/to/flash.swf'); ?>
|
This outputs the following HTML:
1 2 3 4 5 | <object data="/path/to/flash.swf"
type="application/x-shockwave-flash"
classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000"
codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab">
</object>
|
Additionally you can specify attributes, parameters and content that can be rendered along with the <object>. This will be demonstrated using the htmlObject() helper.
The first argument in the object helpers is always required. It is the URI to the resource you want to embed. The second argument is only required in the htmlObject() helper. The other helpers already contain the correct value for this argument. The third argument is used for passing along attributes to the object element. It only accepts an array with key-value pairs. classid and codebase are examples of such attributes. The fourth argument also only takes a key-value array and uses them to create <param> elements. You will see an example of this shortly. Lastly, there is the option of providing additional content to the object. Now for an example which utilizes all arguments.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | echo $this->htmlObject(
'/path/to/file.ext',
'mime/type',
array(
'attr1' => 'aval1',
'attr2' => 'aval2'
),
array(
'param1' => 'pval1',
'param2' => 'pval2'
),
'some content'
);
|
This would output:
1 2 3 4 5 6 | <object data="/path/to/file.ext" type="mime/type"
attr1="aval1" attr2="aval2">
<param name="param1" value="pval1" />
<param name="param2" value="pval2" />
some content
</object>
|
The source code of this file is hosted on GitHub. Everyone can update and fix errors in this document with few clicks - no downloads needed.


|
N3 Library
A C library for building neural network.
|
GitHub Project: https://github.com/NeckersBOX/n3lib
A C library for building neural network with the capability to define custom activation functions, learning rate, bias and others parameters.
Both forward and backpropagation are built to parallelize through threads the operations.
In forward propagation each layer execute the activation functions in concurrent threads, when one layer end its own job, the results to the each next layer's neuron are collected with others concurrent threads. The whole process is executed from each layer from the input one to the output one.
In backward propagation first there is the delta evaluation from the output layer to the input layer, after that there is the weight updating process from the input to the output. Each return to the previous layer and delta evaluation on neurons in the same layer, is built, even in this case, with concurrent threads.
Due to the list type structure of layers and neurons, N3 Library allow you to remove and add neurons or layers even while it's in running mode ( at the end of each iteration ).
The library is designed to run under GNU\Linux operating systems.
You can compile it with the following commands:
To clean the main folder you can run make clean
. To uninstall make uninstall
as root user.
Flags:
-g -Ddebug_enable -pg
-Wall -Wextra -ansi -pedantic
mydir
The library is written to use Doxygen to generate up-to-date documentation and man pages. You can update the docs executing the following command:
And install man pages by:
Pre generated documentation is provided along with the library in the folder docs
. More content, not strictly linked with the code, are included in the path docs\extra
.
There are small projects built with N3 Library into the path examples
, along with sources you can found report with details about memory, execution times and performance graphs.
NOTE: File with extension .n3l
contains the network state after learning with number of iterations equals to the same written in relative reports.
The library is released under BSD-2-Clause License.
You can found a copy of the license into the LICENSE
file.


Apache Cayenne™ is an open source Java object-to-relational mapping framework
Cayenne is distributed with CayenneModeler - a complete GUI mapping tool that supports reverse-engineering of RDBMS schemas, editing object-relational mapping projects, generating Java source code for persistent objects and other functions.
Cayenne allows you to design your data model in a single place - the database. Other layers (OR mapping and Java objects) are synchronized automatically via CayenneModeler or a build script, so you don't have to repeat yourself. Such an approach is called "database-first". It saves you development time and prevents errors by ensuring that your model is in sync across multiple layers. It is also quite flexible. It works well with common DB migration frameworks like Liquibase or Flyway, allows object structure customizations and is designed for iterative schema evolution.
Most ORM frameworks require you to manage transactions manually or with external tools like Spring. Also you must always ensure you stay within transaction bounds when traversing relationships between objects. Cayenne takes a notably different approach, freeing you from writing lots of trivial code. Transaction management happens automatically behind the scenes. Object graphs can be expanded lazily on demand, without any special considerations.
At the same time Cayenne works well with external transaction managers. It also has its own transaction API that can be used to run multiple operations atomically in regards to DB commit/rollback. The good thing is that it is completely optional and should be used only when needed.
At the heart of Cayenne's persistence API lies ObjectContext. ObjectContext can be thought of as a unit of work. It has its own copy of persistent objects. While vaguely similar to JPA EntityManager, ObjectContext is closer to a version control client. It is not connected to the database except when a read or write operation is in progress, it doesn't hold on to any resources (such as DB connections), and doesn't need to be closed.
As a result ObjectContexts are serializable and rather lightweight. Contexts can be nested (a child context can read/write from/to its parent without affecting the DB). There is even a version of ObjectContext that can run in an entirely different JVM from the main app, and communicate with the app via a binary web service.
Cayenne stack is built around a small dependency injection (DI) container responsible for configuring and binding all framework services. It provides a simple API to define custom implementations of core services and strategies or add extensions to the existing ones (e.g. custom value types). Additionally, many things can be configured via system properties.
Cayenne is truly modular. The above-mentioned DI container supports autoloading of extra modules from the classpath. Cayenne itself takes advantage of this, isolating various optional features and integrations into optional modules. You can do the same with your own code.
Traditional Java ORMs depend on bytecode generation or dynamic proxies to "connect" persistent objects with the framework. In constrast, Cayenne objects implement a simple API contract to interact with the ORM runtime, but otherwise can be structured arbitrarily, not requiring any annotation or "enhancement".
This opens up some interesting possibilities. E.g. Cayenne provides a Map-based "generic" persistent object that can be dynamically mapped to any entity. This means that an ORM model can be created in runtime without recompiling the code. Combined with the DB reverse-engineering feature, this allows building completely generic data tools and services.
Traditionally, protecting DB data at rest stops at encrypting entire hard drive partitions. Cayenne goes a few steps further, offering a more secure and flexible solution - the "cayenne-crypto" module with field-level data encryption.
You can designate any number of columns in multiple tables in your model as encrypted, and Cayenne will transparently encrypt and decrypt data with minimal overhead. The default encryption algorithm is AES/CBC/PKCS#5 with a 128 or 256-bit key. Other useful features are key revocation, data compression, and HMAC signatures.


Logging¶
Note
scrapy.log
has been deprecated alongside its functions in favor of
explicit calls to the Python standard logging. Keep reading to learn more
about the new logging system.
Scrapy uses Python’s builtin logging system for event logging. We’ll provide some simple examples to get you started, but for more advanced use-cases it’s strongly suggested to read thoroughly its documentation.
Logging works out of the box, and can be configured to some extent with the Scrapy settings listed in Logging settings.
Scrapy calls scrapy.utils.log.configure_logging()
to set some reasonable
defaults and handle those settings in Logging settings when
running commands, so it’s recommended to manually call it if you’re running
Scrapy from scripts as described in Run Scrapy from a script.
Log levels¶
Python’s builtin logging defines 5 different levels to indicate the severity of a given log message. Here are the standard ones, listed in decreasing order:
logging.CRITICAL
- for critical errors (highest severity)logging.ERROR
- for regular errorslogging.WARNING
- for warning messageslogging.INFO
- for informational messageslogging.DEBUG
- for debugging messages (lowest severity)
How to log messages¶
Here’s a quick example of how to log a message using the logging.WARNING
level:
import logging
logging.warning("This is a warning")
There are shortcuts for issuing log messages on any of the standard 5 levels,
and there’s also a general logging.log
method which takes a given level as
argument. If needed, the last example could be rewritten as:
import logging
logging.log(logging.WARNING, "This is a warning")
On top of that, you can create different “loggers” to encapsulate messages. (For example, a common practice is to create different loggers for every module). These loggers can be configured independently, and they allow hierarchical constructions.
The previous examples use the root logger behind the scenes, which is a top level
logger where all messages are propagated to (unless otherwise specified). Using
logging
helpers is merely a shortcut for getting the root logger
explicitly, so this is also an equivalent of the last snippets:
import logging
logger = logging.getLogger()
logger.warning("This is a warning")
You can use a different logger just by getting its name with the
logging.getLogger
function:
import logging
logger = logging.getLogger('mycustomlogger')
logger.warning("This is a warning")
Finally, you can ensure having a custom logger for any module you’re working on
by using the __name__
variable, which is populated with current module’s
path:
import logging
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
logger.warning("This is a warning")
Logging from Spiders¶
Scrapy provides a logger
within each Spider
instance, which can be accessed and used like this:
import scrapy
class MySpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = 'myspider'
start_urls = ['https://scrapinghub.com']
def parse(self, response):
self.logger.info('Parse function called on %s', response.url)
That logger is created using the Spider’s name, but you can use any custom Python logger you want. For example:
import logging
import scrapy
logger = logging.getLogger('mycustomlogger')
class MySpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = 'myspider'
start_urls = ['https://scrapinghub.com']
def parse(self, response):
logger.info('Parse function called on %s', response.url)
Logging configuration¶
Loggers on their own don’t manage how messages sent through them are displayed. For this task, different “handlers” can be attached to any logger instance and they will redirect those messages to appropriate destinations, such as the standard output, files, emails, etc.
By default, Scrapy sets and configures a handler for the root logger, based on the settings below.
Logging settings¶
These settings can be used to configure the logging:
The first couple of settings define a destination for log messages. If
LOG_FILE
is set, messages sent through the root logger will be
redirected to a file named LOG_FILE
with encoding
LOG_ENCODING
. If unset and LOG_ENABLED
is True
, log
messages will be displayed on the standard error. Lastly, if
LOG_ENABLED
is False
, there won’t be any visible log output.
LOG_LEVEL
determines the minimum level of severity to display, those
messages with lower severity will be filtered out. It ranges through the
possible levels listed in Log levels.
LOG_FORMAT
and LOG_DATEFORMAT
specify formatting strings
used as layouts for all messages. Those strings can contain any placeholders
listed in logging’s logrecord attributes docs and
datetime’s strftime and strptime directives
respectively.
If LOG_SHORT_NAMES
is set, then the logs will not display the scrapy
component that prints the log. It is unset by default, hence logs contain the
scrapy component responsible for that log output.
Command-line options¶
There are command-line arguments, available for all commands, that you can use to override some of the Scrapy settings regarding logging.
--logfile FILE
- Overrides
LOG_FILE
--loglevel/-L LEVEL
- Overrides
LOG_LEVEL
--nolog
- Sets
LOG_ENABLED
toFalse
See also
- Module logging.handlers
- Further documentation on available handlers
Advanced customization¶
Because Scrapy uses stdlib logging module, you can customize logging using all features of stdlib logging.
For example, let’s say you’re scraping a website which returns many HTTP 404 and 500 responses, and you want to hide all messages like this:
2016-12-16 22:00:06 [scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror] INFO: Ignoring
response <500 http://quotes.toscrape.com/page/1-34/>: HTTP status code
is not handled or not allowed
The first thing to note is a logger name - it is in brackets:
[scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror]
. If you get just [scrapy]
then
LOG_SHORT_NAMES
is likely set to True; set it to False and re-run
the crawl.
Next, we can see that the message has INFO level. To hide it
we should set logging level for scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror
higher than INFO; next level after INFO is WARNING. It could be done
e.g. in the spider’s __init__
method:
import logging
import scrapy
class MySpider(scrapy.Spider):
# ...
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
logger = logging.getLogger('scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror')
logger.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
If you run this spider again then INFO messages from
scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror
logger will be gone.


class: center, middle, inverse, title-slide # Lecture 20 ## Using
tidymodels
to train ML models ### Tyler Ransom ### ECON 5253, University of Oklahoma --- # Plan for the day - Review topics from last class (bias, variance, regularization) - Practice training and tuning ML models using R's `tidymodels` package --- # Quick review - The main goal of machine learning is to maximize out-of-sample prediction of the target variable `\(y\)` - `\(y\)` can be continuous or categorical - We measure prediction accuracy differently depending on if `\(y\)` is continuous or not - A model is .hi[overfit] or has .hi[high variance] if it predicts well in-sample but poorly out-of-sample - A model is .hi[underfit] or has .hi[high bias] if it predicts poorly both in- and out-of-sample - We optimally trade off bias and variance with regularization --- # Regularization - Regularization is a way of penalizing model complexity - For models where `\(y\)` is continuous, we can use L1 or L2 regularization - e.g. with linear regression, we penalize the objective function: `\begin{align*} \min_\beta (y-X\beta)'(y-X\beta) + \lambda \sum_k \vert\beta_k\vert & &(\text{L1})\\ \min_\beta (y-X\beta)'(y-X\beta) + \lambda \sum_k (\beta_k)^2 & &(\text{L2}) \end{align*}` - We obtain estimates of the `\(\beta\)`'s in the .hi[training] phase - We obtain the best value of `\(\lambda\)` in the .hi[validation] phase --- # k-fold cross-validation Take the 80% of your data that isn't the test set and randomly divide it into a remaining 80/20 set `\(k\)` number of times. Typically `\(k\)` is between 3 and 10. (See graphic below) .center[ <img src="../19-Intro-ML/k-foldCV.png" width="642" /> ] --- # How to do ML in R There are a couple of nice packages in R that will do k-fold cross validation for you, and will work with a number of commonly used prediction algorithms 1. `tidymodels` 2. `mlr3` Both packages are well built and do many of the same things; we'll be using `tidymodels` for the rest of this unit of the course In Python, [`scikit-learn`](https://scikit-learn.org/stable/) is the workhorse machine learning frontend In Julia, [`MLJ.jl`](https://alan-turing-institute.github.io/MLJ.jl/dev/) is the workhorse machine learning frontend --- # `tidymodels` - Like `tidyverse`, `tidymodels` is a collection of packages: - [`rsample`](https://rsample.tidymodels.org/): for data splitting - [`recipes`](https://recipes.tidymodels.org/index.html): for pre-processing - [`parsnip`](https://www.tidyverse.org/blog/2018/11/parsnip-0-0-1/): for model building - [`dials`](https://github.com/tidymodels/dials) and [`tune`](https://github.com/tidymodels/tune): parameter tuning - [`yardstick`](https://github.com/tidymodels/yardstick): for model evaluations - [`workflows`](https://github.com/tidymodels/workflows): for bundling a pieplne that bundles together pre-processing, modeling, and post-processing requests --- # How to use `tidymodels` You need to tell `tidymodels` the following information before it will run: 1. Training data (which will end up being split `\(k\)` ways when doing cross-validation) 2. Testing data 3. The task at hand (e.g. regression or classification) 4. The validation scheme (e.g. 3-fold, 5-fold, or 10-fold CV) 5. The method used to tune the parameters of the algorithm (e.g. `\(\lambda\)` for LASSO) 6. The prediction algorithm (e.g. "decision tree") 7. The parameters of the prediction algorithm that need to be cross-validated (e.g. tree depth, `\(\lambda\)`, etc.) For a complete list of prediction algorithms supported by `tidymodels`, see [here](https://topepo.github.io/caret/available-models.html) --- # Example datasets - UC Irivne hosts a number of ML databases - These are similar to R datasets `iris`, `mtcars`, etc. - But they are used in ML applications - Today and in the problem set, you'll use the `housing` data --- # Packages you'll need to install - `tidymodels` - This should install all of the sub-packages (`parsnip`, `recipes`, `rsample`, `tune`, `workflows`, `yardstick`) - But in case it doesn't, you'll need to install those as well - Also install `glmnet` for LASSO, ridge regression and elastic net --- # Simple example Let's start by doing linear regression on a well-known dataset: the Boston housing data from UC Irivne First step: read in the data and assign column names .scroll-box-10[ ```r library(tidyverse) library(tidymodels) library(magrittr) housing <- read_table("http://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/machine-learning-databases/housing/housing.data", col_names = FALSE) names(housing) <- c("crim","zn","indus","chas","nox","rm","age","dis","rad","tax","ptratio","b","lstat","medv") # From UC Irvine's website (http://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/machine-learning-databases/housing/housing.names) # 1. CRIM per capita crime rate by town # 2. ZN proportion of residential land zoned for lots over 25,000 sq.ft. # 3. INDUS proportion of non-retail business acres per town # 4. CHAS Charles River dummy variable (= 1 if tract bounds river; 0 otherwise) # 5. NOX nitric oxides concentration (parts per 10 million) # 6. RM average number of rooms per dwelling # 7. AGE proportion of owner-occupied units built prior to 1940 # 8. DIS weighted distances to five Boston employment centres # 9. RAD index of accessibility to radial highways # 10. TAX full-value property-tax rate per $10,000 # 11. PTRATIO pupil-teacher ratio by town # 12. B 1000(Bk - 0.63)^2 where Bk is the proportion of blacks by town # 13. LSTAT lower status of the population # 14. MEDV Median value of owner-occupied homes in $1000's ``` ] --- # Divide data into training and test sets - Before we do anything else, we should demarcate the training and test sets - We can use `rsample` for this ```r housing_split <- initial_split(housing, prop = 0.8) housing_train <- training(housing_split) housing_test <- testing(housing_split) ``` --- # Data pre-processing with `recipes` - Before we do any modeling, we might need to pre-process the data - We talked about this earlier in the semester - Some common pre-processing steps: - log transformation - convert categorical variables to `factor`s - create interaction terms - data imputation (should we use mean/mode imputation?) - ... --- # Using `recipes` on the UCI `housing` data ```r housing_recipe <- recipe(medv ~ ., data = housing_train) %>% # convert outcome variable to logs step_log(all_outcomes()) %>% # convert 0/1 chas to a factor step_bin2factor(chas) %>% # create interaction term between crime and nox step_interact(terms = ~ crim:nox) %>% # create square terms of some continuous variables step_poly(dis,nox) %>% prep() ``` --- # `bake()` your `recipe()` - With your recipe created and prepped, now you can apply it to the training and test sets - Two steps: 1. Apply your "prepped" recipe to the training data with `juice()` 2. Apply your "prepped" recipe to the testing data with `bake()` ```r housing_train_prepped <- housing_recipe %>% juice housing_test_prepped <- housing_recipe %>% bake(new_data = housing_test) ``` --- # Now train the model with OLS ```r housing_train_x <- housing_train_prepped %>% select(-medv) housing_test_x <- housing_test_prepped %>% select(-medv) housing_train_y <- housing_train_prepped %>% select( medv) housing_test_y <- housing_test_prepped %>% select( medv) # Fit the regression model est.ols <- lm(housing_train_y$medv ~ ., data = housing_train_x) # Predict outcome for the test data ols_predicted <- predict(est.ols, newdata = housing_test_x) # Root mean-squared error sqrt(mean((housing_test_y$medv - ols_predicted)^2)) ``` --- # OLS the easy way - The previous slide was a lot of work to do something simple! - We could have more easily done it this way: ```r # easy way est.ols.easy <- lm(log(medv) ~ crim + zn + indus + as.factor(chas) + rm + age + rad + tax + ptratio + b + lstat + crim:nox + poly(dis,2) + poly(nox,2), data = housing_train) # Predict outcome for the test data ols_easy_predicted <- predict(est.ols.easy, newdata = housing_test_x) # Root mean-squared error sqrt(mean((housing_test_y$medv - ols_easy_predicted)^2)) ``` - But doing it the "roundabout" way will have dividends --- # Using `parsnip` to train models - `parsnip` is a package for training models - You specify the following up-front and it takes care of the rest: 1. Specify a model (e.g. "linear regression" or "decision tree") 2. Specify an engine (e.g. "lm" or "glmnet", etc.) 3. Specify a mode (e.g. "regression" or "classification") --- # OLS training using `parsnip` ```r ols_spec <- linear_reg() %>% # Specify a model set_engine("lm") %>% # Specify an engine: lm, glmnet, stan, keras, spark set_mode("regression") # Declare a mode: regression or classification ols_fit <- ols_spec %>% fit(medv ~ ., data=housing_train_prepped) # inspect coefficients tidy(ols_fit$fit$coefficients) %>% print tidy(est.ols) %>% print ``` --- # Measuring model performance with `yardstick` - `yardstick` allows the user to define performance metrics - e.g. `rmse`, `mae`, `rsq` - or `accuracy`, `precision`, `recall` for classification tasks ```r # predict RMSE out of sample ols_fit %>% predict(housing_test_prepped) %>% mutate(truth = housing_test_prepped$medv) %>% rmse(truth,`.pred`) %>% print ols_fit %>% predict(housing_test_prepped) %>% mutate(truth = housing_test_prepped$medv) %>% rsq_trad(truth,`.pred`) %>% print ``` --- # Now with LASSO instead of OLS - We've already got our training and test data from `recipes` - Now we want to train LASSO with `parsnip` - We also want to use `tune` to get the optimal value of `\(\lambda\)` - To do so, we adjust the inputs to the `linear_reg()` function of `parsnip` --- # Setting up the LASSO task ```r tune_spec <- linear_reg( penalty = tune(), # tuning parameter mixture = 1 # 1 = lasso, 0 = ridge ) %>% set_engine("glmnet") %>% set_mode("regression") # define a grid over which to try different values of lambda lambda_grid <- grid_regular(penalty(), levels = 50) # 10-fold cross-validation rec_folds <- vfold_cv(housing_train_prepped, v = 10) ``` --- # Create a workflow to do k-fold CV ```r # Workflow rec_wf <- workflow() %>% add_model(tune_spec) %>% add_formula(log(medv) ~ .) # Tuning results rec_res <- rec_wf %>% tune_grid( resamples = rec_folds, grid = lambda_grid ) ``` --- # Optimal `\(\lambda\)` ```r top_rmse <- show_best(rec_res, metric = "rmse") best_rmse <- select_best(rec_res, metric = "rmse") ``` --- # Optimally cross-validated model ```r # Now train with tuned lambda final_lasso <- finalize_workflow(rec_wf, best_rmse) # Print out results in test set last_fit(final_lasso, split = housing_split) %>% collect_metrics() %>% print # show best RMSE top_rmse %>% print(n = 1) ```


{{extend 'layout.html'}}
{{=T("You might be looking for")}}: | {{for i in similar_users:}} {{=i["stopstalk_handle"]}} | {{pass}}
{{pass}}If you are trying to find a user and getting this, then try adding a {{=T("Custom Friend")}} and track his/her progress !
{{else:}}{{=T("Please try again after some time")}}
{{=T("We have been notified and will be fixing it as soon as possible. You might get some goodies if you have found a bug in our code - please write to us if it persists !")}}
{{pass}}


@landlordnps("Browse Ratings") {
These are all the ratings we have for landlords around Vancouver.
1434 Burnaby St, Vancouver
Landlord: Hollyburn Holdings Corp -32
Manager: ??? -12
1009 W 10th Ave, Vancouver
Landlord: Vallejo Court
Rating: -2
#TODO


What time does Black Friday 2019 start and how long does it last?
Christmas ads have started landing and the weather outside is becoming frightful, which can only mean that Black Friday is coming up.
Sure, the holidays are drawing near too, but this infamous day of discounts is a whole event in itself.
As we wait to hear of more offers in store for us in 2019, here’s what you need to know about what time Black Friday starts and when it will be this year.
What time does Black Friday 2019 begin?
Many retailers have already started offering Black Friday sales, with the likes of Sky, NOW TV, Amazon, Currys, Carphone Warehouse and more cutting prices on products in the run-up to the notorious shopping day.
Brick and mortar stores will often open early on Black Friday, with some shops opening for business before dawn at 6am in 2018.
Some deals will also begin to be offered online from the second the clock strikes midnight on Friday morning.
The tradition of offering discounts on Black Friday originated in America, and it always falls on the Friday after Thanksgiving.
Advertisement Advertisement
With the United States’ Thanksgiving always being on the fourth Thursday in November, Black Friday 2019 will be on 29 November.
Another day of deals coming soon is Cyber Monday, which falls the Monday after Black Friday and will be on 2 December this year.
Cyber Monday does what it says on the tin in that the deals offered that day are only available online rather than the high street, so you won’t have to wade through crowds of people to bag a bargain.


An individual update to a user's wallet.
More...
Inherited by Nakama.Console.ConsoleWalletLedger.
|
| string | Changeset [get] |
| | The changeset.
|
| |
| string | CreateTime [get] |
| | The UNIX time when the wallet ledger item was created.
|
| |
| string | Id [get] |
| | The identifier of this wallet change.
|
| |
| string | Metadata [get] |
| | Any associated metadata.
|
| |
| string | UpdateTime [get] |
| | The UNIX time when the wallet ledger item was updated.
|
| |
| string | UserId [get] |
| | The user ID this wallet ledger item belongs to.
|
| |
An individual update to a user's wallet.
◆ Changeset
| string Nakama.Console.IConsoleWalletLedger.Changeset |
|
get |
◆ CreateTime
| string Nakama.Console.IConsoleWalletLedger.CreateTime |
|
get |
The UNIX time when the wallet ledger item was created.
◆ Id
| string Nakama.Console.IConsoleWalletLedger.Id |
|
get |
The identifier of this wallet change.
◆ Metadata
| string Nakama.Console.IConsoleWalletLedger.Metadata |
|
get |
◆ UpdateTime
| string Nakama.Console.IConsoleWalletLedger.UpdateTime |
|
get |
The UNIX time when the wallet ledger item was updated.
◆ UserId
| string Nakama.Console.IConsoleWalletLedger.UserId |
|
get |
The user ID this wallet ledger item belongs to.
The documentation for this interface was generated from the following file:


What Makes a Final Fantasy?
Twenty years. Over twenty games, not including expansion packs, ports,
and remakes. Thirteen systems (including the PC, the MSX, and mobile phones). Two anime series, two full-length movies, even a
Potion drink. Final Fantasy started off as a last-ditch attempt by a
plucky startup company and now is nothing less than a gaming and
marketing juggernaut. But what does
Final Fantasy mean?
Does Square-Enix simply tack on the name to any game they want to sell
well? Is it a particular gameplay mechanism? Style? Story? Staff
members? Let's deconstruct what makes a Final Fantasy.
The Name
The name "Final Fantasy" is now one of the most ironic in any industry.
Although the original Final Fantasy was thought to be the
last one Squaresoft might make, there now seem to be three or four
coming out in any given year (albeit many of those being rehashes or
spinoffs of previous games).  The
main examples of this were the Final Fantasy Legend series for Game
Boy; many people don't realize that these games were released as SaGa
in Japan, and are actually part of the same series as SaGa Frontier and
Unlimited SaGa. In addition, it released Final Fantasy Adventure for
the same platform; in Japan it was known as Seiken Densetsu, a series
which is sold on this side of the pond as the Mana series.
(Interestingly, though, the first Seiken Densetsu did indeed have the
subtitle "Final Fantasy Gaiden" or "side story", which shared several of the familiar features we outline below.)
Having cleared that up, let's try to
concentrate on the numbered Final Fantasies as the bellwethers of
defining the series (although games like FF Tactics and Dirge of
Cerberus are still Final Fantasies, as we will see). Can we tease out
the commonalities that make them
what they are?
Gameplay Mechanics
The one most obvious aspect to Final Fantasy games is the one that,
oddly enough, seems to be the least consistent amongst the games.
Certainly, the first nine or ten games seem to have the same basic
gameplay systems. Explore areas, talk to people, buy items, equipment,
and spells, use menus to configure your characters, and fight battles.
This formula has remained largely unchanged for the most part, but
there are certainly many other games, even by the same developer, which
follow the same system and yet are not Final Fantasies, such as Chrono
Trigger and Xenogears.
Looking at the battle system
itself, Final Fantasy is well-known for having two separate systems
even in the first, largely static epoch. Numbers I through III had a
simple turn-based system, while numbers IV through IX introduced the
famous Active Time Battle (ATB) system. Since then, each entry in the
series has drastically altered even how battles themselves take place,
with FFX introducing a non-real-time system where characters can
instantly swap out, FFX-2 changing over to a much faster-paced ATB
system with dynamic jobs, and FFXII eschewing random battles altogether
for a constantly battling dungeon area and complex AI "gambits".
Clearly, trying to look at gameplay by itself won't get us anywhere.
Let's turn our attention to the content of the individual games.
Setting
It's called "Final Fantasy", right? It must take place in a fantasy setting, right? We'd be wrong there, but on the right track.
Each game, other than the sequels, take place in an entirely different
world, completely unconnected from its predecessors. There are
virtually no characters who appear in multiple games (at least not as
the same character). What's more, even the general settings are wildly
different. Early games such as FFI and FFIII are pretty much pure
Dungeons & Dragons fantasy settings; since then, we've since seen the
dark, steampunk vibe of FFVI, the futuristic dystopia of FFVII, the
more modern-feeling FFVIII, the tropical FFX, and the political
intrigue-laced medieval FFXII.
One thing that
can
be said, however, is that every single game in the series mixes
technology and fantasy. Even the very first offering had a robot and
airships, unusual anachronisms in its generic fantasy world. Many of
the games have airships for public use, or involve space travel. The
more futuristic FFVII and FFVIII still have ample evidence of magic and
spiritual power, and the main characters invariably use swords rather
than guns, the only exception being the RPG/shooter hybrid
Dirge of Cerberus: FFVII. Clearly, the dichotomy between fantasy and science is one of the hallmarks of a Final Fantasy game.
Species
While the general details of the games differ wildly, it's in the
specifics where we'll begin to find a larger hint to the family
dynamics of Final Fantasy. Most common are its mascots, the original
creatures and animals created by Squaresoft and used extensively
throughout the series. Most well-known, of course, is the bird used as
transportation, the chocobo. Widely assumed to have been inspired by
similar birds in the anime
Nausicaa of the Valley of the Wind,
chocobos have played a role in nearly every Final Fantasy (with the
exception of FFI, where they hadn't been invented yet). Chocobos have
gone on to star in their own, kid-centered Final Fantasy games, the
Chocobo's Mysterious Dungeon series and its spinoffs, including
several games unreleased in North America (we did get
Chocobo and the Magic Picture Book).
The other star of the series is the lovable Moogle. Known as Mogri in
Japan (a mix of "mole" and "bat"), the word Moogle was coined by Ted
Woolsey, the translator of FFVI. While they haven't appeared in person
in every game (with conspicuous absences in FFI, II, and IV), the vast
majority of them have moogles of some sort somewhere. For example,
FFVIII has a "Mini-Mog" summon only obtainable via the
Chocobo World
add-on game, and FFX has a Moogle doll used as a weapon. Their
appearance has changed over the years as well, especially in the newer
Ivalice games such as FF Tactics Advance, but they remain an instantly
recognizable aspect of the series.
It doesn't
stop there, though. Many creatures who started off as generic monsters
began getting their own following in later games. These include the
strong-but-silent Cactuars (known as Sabotenders in Japan), the cute
but scary knife-wielding Tonberries, bombastic Bombs, powerful purple
Behemoths, squishy Flans, punchy Goblins, and foul-breathed Malboros.
Often, these colorful creatures appear in mini-games or have their own
conclaves and civilizations (such as the Cactuar Village in FFX or the
Tonberries in FFXI).
Character Crossovers
Although
it was stated above that few characters cross over between games,
there's one that everybody knows: Cid. He appears in a different guise in virtually every
Final Fantasy (he's absent from FFI) as a technological
genius. He's often related to your airship in some way, is almost
always older than the fresh-faced protagonists, and usually crusty and outspoken. His roles have ranged
from plain old NPCs to playable characters (FFIV,
FFVII, and FF Tactics) and even villains (FFXII).
Later games have often featued cameos by two buddies, Biggs and Wedge.
Named after Luke Skywalker's wingmen in
Star Wars Episode IV,
they're sometimes bad guys, sometimes good guys, and sometimes just
sitting on the edge watching things. They're nearly always hapless comedy relief, though, and seeing them usually brings a smile
out!
Finally, one of the most popular
characters in FF has been the multi-armed Gilgamesh. After stealing the
spotlight from his far duller boss Exdeath in FFV, he's appeared as a
summon in FFVIII, a hustler in FFIX, and a mark to be hunted in FFXII
(with his first voiced appearance). His signature theme,
Battle on the Big Bridge,
has been covered by Nobuo Uematsu's hard rock band the Black Mages and
remixed for FFXII. He's probably the only sidekick in an FF game to
have his
own sidekick, Enkidu.
Fans often comment that final bosses in FF games tend to be
long-haired pretty boys... however, this is largely undeserved, and
based off only three games in the series (VII, IX, and X). In any case,
this is an anime staple and certainly not limited to Final Fantasy
games in the least.
Summons
A staple of the series since FFIII, summons have remained mostly the
same while constantly being reinvented visually. One of the interesting
aspects to them is that while they have always been called
shoukanjuu
(Summoned Beasts) in Japanese, their translated name changes almost
with every new game. FFVI called them Espers, VII reverted to Summons,
VIII used Guardian Forces, IX had the unusual term Eidolons, X invented Aeons, and XII went
back to Espers. They often play an integral part in the story;
individual summons provide important plot points in FFIV, VI, IX, and X,
whereas GFs in general impact the story of VIII.
The summons themselves are as familiar as chocobos. The most famous
would be the fiery Ifrit, ice-cold Shiva, enemy-slicing Odin, sinewy
Leviathan, and draconic Bahamut, who all appear in some form in almost
every iteration. Others that make common but not constant appearances include lightning god
Ramuh, holy castle Alexander, protective Carbuncle, revivifying
Phoenix, and earth giant Titan; whereas each game generally has some of
its own unique offerings.
Items, Equipment, and Spells
Getting
even more in-depth than monsters and summons, individual items appear
consistently throughout the series. These include the ubiquitous Potion
and its various permutations, Ethers, Elixirs and Megalixirs, Phoenix
Downs, Antidotes, Eye Drops, Echo Grass, Gold Needle/Soft, Tents, and
myriad other pieces of healing mojo, as well as a Chocobo's favorite
food, Gysahl Greens (named after a town in FFIII). A look at armor will
almost always yield an Aegis Shield, Mythril equipment, Genji Glove,
and the status-protecting Ribbon. Weapons usually include the Excalibur
and Ragnarok swords, the Masamune katana, and the powerful Ultima
Weapon.
Spells are instantly recognizable as
well. The tried-and-true Fire/Fira/Firaga, Blizzard/Blizzara/Blizzaga,
Thunder/Thundara/Thundaga, and Cure/Cura/Curaga have stuck around in
various guises in every game. You'll also see Raise to revive your
characters, Esuna to cure their status ailments, Haste, Slow, and Stop
to manipulate time, Libra to scan enemies' weaknesses, Gravity to chop
off a fraction of enemies' HP, Poison and Bio to debilitate them, Quake
to shake them up, Shell and Protect to keep them safe, and Flare and
Ultima to blow them away.
Music
"The world is veiled in darkness. The wind stops, the sea is wild, and
the earth begins to rot. The people wait, their only hope, a
prophecy... 'When the world is in darkness Four Warriors will come...'
After a long journey, four young warriors arrive, each holding an ORB."
This apocalyptic script was the first thing greeting Final Fantasy
pioneers after popping the first game into their NES. However, the
impact of these words would have been negligible if it weren't for the
soaring arpeggios of the Prelude theme washing over us. This theme
became as familiar as Chocobos as it began or ended, in some way,
almost every game in the series (with the notable exception of FFVIII).
The Chocobo theme itself has been reimagined in practically every game
since its inception in FFII; mambos, electronica, pop tunes, brass
band, or Hawaiian ukeleles. Likewise, whenever Moogles appear, their
own signature tune usually plays as well. And who can forget the
grandiose tune known only as "Final Fantasy"; often illustrating the
ending, it was first heard when your party crossed the Northern Bridge
in the original game.
Summary
Final Fantasy is quite difficult to pin down as an idea. Games
featuring the name have varied from traditional Japanese RPGs to
tactical RPGs, first-person shooters, and MMORPGs. Stories, characters
and worlds come and go. But they all have familiar features which greet
us like old friends when we encounter them. A world which mixes fantasy
and technology; Chocobos and Moogles; Ifrit and Shiva; Firaga and
Ultima; Excalibur and Ragnarok; a man named Cid; Prelude and Final
Fantasy.
Here's hoping for another twenty years of memories.
Final Fantasy, all games and animation bearing the Final Fantasy name, and all characters in said games or animation are copyright their respective creators, including but not limited to Squaresoft, Square Enix, Square EA, Tokyo TV, and ADV Films.


@import models.page.PostOnlineTestsPage
@import views.html.home.commonSectionPostOnlineTests
@import views.html.home.siftProgress
@import views.html.home.withdrawSection
@import models.page.PostOnlineTestsStage
@import security.Roles._
@import security.RoleUtils._
@import views.html.home.withdrawInformation
@import views.html.widgets.sdipFaststreamBanner
@(page: PostOnlineTestsPage)(implicit request: Request[_], flash: Flash, user: Option[CachedData], feedbackUrl: String, messages: Messages)
@getOrder(pos: Int) = @{
pos match {
case 1 => "1st"
case 2 => "2nd"
case 3 => "3rd"
case _ => s"${pos}th"
}
}
@unsuccessfulSchemes = {
@if(page.userDataWithSchemes.failedSchemes.nonEmpty) {
Unsuccessful schemes
@for((schemeResult, index) <- page.userDataWithSchemes.failedSchemes.zipWithIndex) {
@schemeResult.scheme.name
(unsuccessful at @schemeResult.failedAtStage)
}
}
}
@withdrawnSchemes = {
@if(page.userDataWithSchemes.withdrawnSchemes.nonEmpty) {
Withdrawn schemes
@for(schemeResult <- page.userDataWithSchemes.withdrawnSchemes) {
}
}
}
@renderViewAssessmentFeedback = {
Unfortunately, you were not successful at your most recent assessment. We'll contact you when your next assessment is scheduled.
Check your scheme preferences, as the order may have changed.
@firstScheme
@unsuccessfulSchemes
@withdrawnSchemes
Next steps
@siftProgress(page)
@withdrawSection(page.userDataWithSchemes.toCachedData)
}
case _ => {
@if(isSdip(page.userDataWithSchemes.toCachedData) || isEdip(page.userDataWithSchemes.toCachedData)) {
Congratulations, you're through to the next stage.
} else {
Congratulations, you're through to the next stage for @{page.userDataWithSchemes.noSuccessfulSchemes} of your preferred schemes.
Check your scheme preferences, as the order may have changed.
@if(SchemeWithdrawRole.isAuthorized(page.userDataWithSchemes.toCachedData)) {
Important
To progress to the next stage you must first complete any scheme questions or tests, even if your first preference doesn't ask for them.
If you've changed your mind, you can withdraw from individual schemes.
}
@firstScheme
@unsuccessfulSchemes
@withdrawnSchemes
}
Next steps
@siftProgress(page)
@withdrawSection(page.userDataWithSchemes.toCachedData)
}
}
}


All samples have been moved to the following GitHub repository: github.com/awslabs/aws-sdk-ios-samples


If you need to perform few actions one by one over the same object you can use the Sequence class.
For example the blue ship in our previous demo appears to be facing north. If we want it to fly to the right we should first rotate it by 90 degrees and then perform the move.
In order to do this we create RotateTo
and MoveTo
actions and then join them into a sequence:
RotateBy* rotateBy = RotateBy::create(2, 90);
MoveBy* moveBy = MoveBy::create(4, Vec2(160,0));
Sequence* seq = Sequence::create(rotateBy, moveBy, nullptr);
blueShip->runAction(seq);
The Sequence
's constructor method can receive any number of pointers to various actions, but the last pointer should be always nullptr
(gcc will give you a special kind of warning if it’s not). The sequence objects will do all the actions and result will look like this:
Also, the cocos2d-x has few special actions that will be useful when building a sequences:


This is a heading
GarageBand
Logic Pro
Cubase
A
B
Byzantine Consensus
Distributed Systems
Concurrency Control
Databases
Program Obfuscation
Cryptography
Link to GitHub


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{% load displayutils %} Automatic synchronization
Running siiink.com costs money: servers, backups, maintenance & more. $5 a year covers these costs so it will always run smoothly. Of course, I'd be much obliged if you threw in something extra.
I already paid / I want to transfer my payment or I have a promo code
No auto-renewal, I'll just send you an email once the year is up. Your payment will apply to all your accounts, present and future, and may be transferred at any time.


'br}
'br}
{\
ptargrep - Apply pattern matching to the contents of files in a tar archive
ptargrep [options] <pattern> <tar file> ...
Options:
--basename|-b ignore directory paths from archive --ignore-case|-i do case-insensitive pattern matching --list-only|-l list matching filenames rather than extracting matches --verbose|-v write debugging message to STDERR --help|-? detailed help message
This utility allows you to apply pattern matching to the contents of files contained in a tar archive. You might use this to identify all files in an archive which contain lines matching the specified pattern and either print out the pathnames or extract the files.

Multiple tar archive filenames can be specified - they will each be processed in turn.
When matching files are extracted, ignore the directory path from the archive and write to the current directory using the basename of the file from the archive. Beware: if two matching files in the archive have the same basename, the second file extracted will overwrite the first.
\fB--ignore-case\fR (alias -i) 4
Make pattern matching case-insensitive.
\fB--list-only\fR (alias -l) 4
Print the pathname of each matching file from the archive to s-1STDOUT. s0 Without this option, the default behaviour is to extract each matching file.
Log debugging info to s-1STDERR.s0
Copyright 2010 Grant McLean<EMAIL_ADDRESS>This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.


You: "Aren't you Hermione from Hogwarts? I thought you are married to Ron? Why do you still put yourself in the dating market? Are you two divorced or something?"
Emma Watson: "Umm, I am actually Emma Watson...you know, in real life."
You: "So you are telling me, you don't know any magic, nor do you have a magic wand?"
Emma Watson: "Unfortunately, no."
You: "Okay. So tell me, Emma, what wrong did Rupert Grint do to you."
Emma Watson: "GET OFF OF MY ISLAND."
You: "Hey, I am so happy to meet you in person!"
George Clooney: "Me too. You look older than you said you are."
You: "Really? I'm sorry but I am really 29."
George Clooney: "29? I never would date any one older than 25!"
You: "Wait..But that's the age I put on the website. Are you Pisces23?"
George Clooney: "NO. And I guess you are not DitchTaliaMarryAmal36?"
You: "Nope! Bye Batman!"

Megan Fox: "Hi."
You: "Were you in Michael Bay's Transformers?"
Megan Fox: "Oh yeah, I was. You like that movie?"
You: "Nope."
Megan Fox: "Oh."
You: "What about Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen? Were you in that movie too?"
Megan Fox: "Oh that too! You like that one?"
You: "Nope, not really."
Megan Fox: "Well..."
You: "And you were in the movie Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles too right?"
Megan Fox: "Umm-hum, you like that one I hope?"

You: "Hi how do you do?"
Chris Hemsworth: "Please call me Lord."
You: "Lord? You know you are not really Thor right?"
Chris Hemsworth: "My Hammer would beg to differ."
You: "Oookay. Anywho...Are you Pisces23?"
Chris Hemsworth: "Pisces? Those little outlaws, I will stop them from hurting humans!"
You: "Oh my god."
Chris Hemsworth: "Yes?"
You: "..."
You: "Who the heck are you?"
Pisces23: "I am Pisces23. Are you PlayerLovve42?"
You: "Yea, I am. But you are.... you are.. a CATFISH!"
Pisces23: "Well technically, I am a cat head with a fish body, not really a catfish. So want to hold hands and walk along the beach?"
You: "NOOOOOOO!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"


--- layout: default ---
Led by PI Nicholas Reich and based in the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, the Reich Lab focuses on developing statistical methods and tools for data arising from infectious disease settings.
We use statistics, data science, and epidemiology to gain better understanding of the complexities of infectious disease dynamics. Our work has been featured in the New York Times, the Boston Globe, and on New England Public Radio.
With active funded projects from the NIH, DARPA, CDC, and VA, the Lab is involved in independent and collaborative research efforts. Our collaborators include the Infectious Disease Dynamics Working Group at Johns Hopkins, the Thai Ministry of Public Health and National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC), the Dengue Branch of the CDC in Puerto Rico, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, the Children's Hospital Colorado, and the Veterans Health Administration branches in New York City and Iowa City.


Welcome to my creative space. I am a multimedia designer, which is why I like to create content in different types of formats. Here are mixed graphic design, webdesign, illustration, photography, etc... In life I am like my favorite detective Hercule Poirot, like him my grey cells are in perpetual search of creative ideas.
Thanks to my professional background, I have been able to develop skills related to Webdesign, Graphic design and Project management allowing me to meet various demands.


"Although Canada has continued to produce a number of interesting films with uniquely Canadian content, the majority of them are either shot out of the country with CFDC funding or use Canadian locales to represent other locations entirely..." -David A. Cook, A History of Narrative Film
Under the auspices of the Toronto International Film Festival Group, an pristine print of the late Claude Jutra's 1971 masterpiece, Mon Oncle Antoine is being circulated. It is a welcome opportunity to re(visit) a film that eschews the two criticisms made above. The film is shot entirely in rural Quebec in a town that essentially plays itself as opposed to Nova Scotia playing Long-Island (Love and Death on Long Island) or Toronto playing New York (Take your pick...). As the Canadian cinema begins to earn some very real, long overdue international recognition at increasingly pretigious venues Jutra's film serves as a reminder of a proud film heritage. The film is truly world class, in its aesthetic as well as its technical merits; the climatic conditions under which many of the scenes were shot are truly savage. The film has been taglined as 'the greatest Canadian film ever...', a dubious honour and an ironic example of marketing hyperbole, given our usual predilection for understatement; an approach that for once would have been appropriate.
At the risk of dispelling whatever tame interest there exists for this film, it can best be described as a coming of age chronicle. In every sense of the term, the themes of self-discovery and identity permeate the film. This is exposed not just through the trajectory of the young protagonist, but through the state of things in the very town itself. The finances of the general store, for instance are increasingly put into question suggesting its days are numbered. Each of the principal characters struggles through awkward attempts to define themselves, their existence and to accomodate certain uncomfortable realities. Joe's clumsy farewell scene is an excellent example. Their roll in the hay is almost certainly an event from their past and its reincarnation is both uncomfortable and very touching. It is an extremely eleagant way to underscore the deep felt change that Joe's leaving represents. It is such change that is at the very heart of the film. Unlike the repetitive cyclic change of seasons (deftly integrated into Will There be Snow For Christmas) this is the permanent and enduring change of a natural disaster. This is the very process that the towns and the characters undergo through the course of the film. Jutra thoroughly integrates this theme into the film allowing for a multitude of allusions to emerge. The result is a depiction of veritable coming of age; not the banal musings on dating partners and sex that populate so many other films on the same subject.
Many aspects of the film allude to documentary filmmaking, including the style of the film itself. The camera is never sure about anything ultimately giving the film the feel of an interrogation not an assertion. This is particularly significant since it is via the documentaty tradition that Canadian filmmaking was born. Jutra punctuates his film with a number of sustained shaky zooms. A number of key scenes in the film as well as the opening and closing shots are photographed this way. But the device is more than simply homage to the early traditions of Canadian cinema. The themes of change and of self-interrogation are particularly well served by the technique. The shaky zooms are extremely self-conscious but not at all certain or sure. Contrast these to Kubrick's expertly executed creeping zooms from 'The Shining'. Both are instances of virtuoso filmmaking where the director achieves remarkable density through the use of a rigorous and coherent code. At other times in the film Jutra uses long-take shooting to turn things over to the remarkable cast who sing along or share moments of tortured intimacy. The gut-wrenching moment of discovery for the young protagonist late in the film, for instance is perfectly handled in this way.
Mon Oncle Antoine, sets an unassuming mandate for itself: it is a chronicle of painful transition of a people and a place. The film is free of pretense and fullfills this mandate exceptionally well. The narrative structure of the film is elliptical but never opaque. The dialogue is not weighed down with pseudo-philosophy or other annoyances. At the center of this chronicle of change and evolution is the Antoine of the title. The young protagonist's uncle who is perhaps the only character that is spared the uneasy task of revaluating themselves and their lives. Thoroughly content, or so it seems, he fullfills his tasks as the town's undertaker and general store owner in an aloof but sympathetic manner. As the film progresses however, Jutra unveils his scheme, and the viewer comes to know a man who is not the pillar of certitude he appeared to be. Although certain elements of the film are left ambiguous, the film is never unclear. It is the ambiguities that reinforce that feelings of apprehension and confusion that precede any momentous change.
The film could reluctantly be called a precursor to Jean-Claude Lauzon's Leolo. While direct comparison of the films would be reductionist both constitute examples by Quebecois filmmakers to reveal uncertainties about their time and place through stories centered around a child. It is interesting to speculate as to how big an influence Jutra's film may have been on Lauzon. At any rate, Mon Oncle Antoine cannot help but strongly influence any who chose to see it. It is a fine choice, to celebrate Canadian filmmaking's past, present and future. -- -Omar Odeh http://www.geocities.com/Hollywood/Theater/3920
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Robert George joined the Aust Army in 2nd WW - #N80960, on 9 Aug 1940, & was discharged on 23 Dec. 1941. He was a Trooper in 21st Light Horse Regt (M). There is no date of birth or place of birth, place of Enlistment, & no next of kin ??
SMH - BUSH, Robert (Bob) George, 19 October, 1981, late of Auburn, dearly loved husband of Alice, loving father & father-in-law of his children & devoted Pop of their families.
FUNERAL - BUSH - The rels & friends of the late ROBERT (BOB) BUSH are invited to attend his funeral service at 9.45 am, at St. Phillips Anglican Church, Macquarie Rd, Auburn, to-morrow Friday. At conclusion of service the cortege will proceed to Rookwood Crematorium.
There is no age at death, so I don't know when he was born, or his parents names.??


Game info
Type: Spider - Decks: 1 (52 cards) -
Redeals: None
- Game time: Medium
- Difficulty level: Easy
- Skill level: Mostly skill
- Chance of winning: Low (about 1 in 20 games)
Object of the game: On the tableau, create four suites of
thirteen cards each, in a descending suit sequence from King to Ace.
Rules
Tableau (Forty-nine cards in seven columns. At the start of the game,
seven cards are dealt to each column.  In the next three columns, all cards are face up.)
- Build down in suit. For example, a 10
can only be played on a Jack
.
- When an entire suite of thirteen cards becomes exposed, it is automatically
removed from the tableau.
- Any face up card, no matter how deep it is in a column, may be moved to make
a build. All covering cards are moved with it as a unit.
- Spaces may be filled only with a King, a King-sequence or a King with any
covering cards.
- A King cannot move, except to an empty space.
- Nothing can be placed on an Ace.
- The game is won if the entire deck in all four suites is discarded and
nothing is left on the tableau.
Stock (Three cards face down)
- After all possible moves have been made, the three cards in this pile are
dealt onto the first three columns of the tableau to create more possibilities.
- There is no redeal.
Strategy
- It is imperative that the face down cards be uncovered as soon as
possible.


Add Player
New Session
Game Manual
Players:
Nome
Click to load your map!
Next Sessions:
Enter a new session date
Cancel
Done


|
| | Builder (TSpreadsheetSelectionModel component) |
| |
| virtual TBuilder | CellSelect (bool? cellSelect) |
| | Set to true to enable selection of individual cells or a single rectangular range of cells. This will provide cell range selection using click, and potentially drag to select a rectangular range. You can also use "SHIFT + arrow" key navigation to select a range of cells. Defaults to: true More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | CheckboxColumnIndex (string checkboxColumnIndex) |
| | The index at which to insert the checkbox column. Supported values are a numeric index, and the strings 'first' and 'last'. Only valid when set before render. Defaults to: 0 More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | CheckboxHeaderWidth (Unit checkboxHeaderWidth) |
| | Width of checkbox column. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | CheckboxSelect (bool? checkboxSelect) |
| | Enables selection of the row via clicking on checkbox. Note: this feature will add new column at position specified by checkboxColumnIndex. Defaults to: false More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | CheckColumnHeaderText (string checkColumnHeaderText) |
| | Displays the configured text in the check column's header. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | ColumnSelect (bool? columnSelect) |
| | Set to true to enable selection of columns. NOTE: This will remove sorting on header click and instead provide column selection and deselection.Sorting is still available via column header menu. Defaults to: false More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | DragSelect (bool? dragSelect) |
| | Set to true to enables cell range selection by cell dragging. Defaults to: true More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | Extensible (SpreadsheetExtensible extensible) |
| | This configures whether this selection model is to implement a mouse based dragging gesture to extend a contiguous selection. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | Reducible (bool? reducible) |
| | This configures if the extensible config is also allowed to reduce its selection, only relevant if extensible is not false or null. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | RowNumbererHeaderWidth (Unit rowNumbererHeaderWidth) |
| | Width of row numbering column. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | RowSelect (bool? rowSelect) |
| | Set to true to enable selection of rows by clicking on a row number column. Note: This feature will add the row number as the first column. Defaults to: true More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | ShowHeaderCheckbox (bool? showHeaderCheckbox) |
| | Configure as false to not display the header checkbox at the top of the checkbox column when checkboxSelect is set. Defaults to: true More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | HiddenName (string hiddenName) |
| | The name of the hidden field which submits selected data More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | Listeners (Action< SpreadsheetSelectionModelListeners > action) |
| | Client-side JavaScript Event Handlers More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | DirectEvents (Action< SpreadsheetSelectionModelDirectEvents > action) |
| | Server-side Ajax Event Handlers More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SetReducible (bool reducible) |
| |
| virtual TBuilder | ClearSelection () |
| | Clears any selection More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | DeselectColumn (ColumnBase column, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Deselects a Column More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | DeselectColumn (string columnId, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Deselects a Column More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | DeselectColumn (int columnIndex, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Deselects a Column More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | DeselectColumn (SelectedColumn column, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Deselects a Column More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | DeselectRows (int[] rowsIndexes, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Deselect one or more rows More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | DeselectRows (object[] recordsIds, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Deselect one or more rows More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | DeselectRows (ModelProxy[] records, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Deselect one or more rows More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | DeselectRows (IEnumerable< SelectedRow > rows, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Deselect one or more rows More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | DeselectRows (SelectedRow[] rows, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Deselect one or more rows More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | DeselectRows (int rowIndex, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Deselect one row More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | DeselectRows (object recordId, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Deselect one row More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | DeselectRows (ModelProxy record, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Deselect one row More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | DeselectRows (SelectedRow row, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Deselect one row More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SelectCells (SelectedCell rangeStart, SelectedCell rangeEnd, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | This method allows programmatic selection of the cell range. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SelectColumn (ColumnBase column, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Selects a Column. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SelectColumn (string columnId, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Selects a Column. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SelectColumn (int columnIndex, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Selects a Column. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SelectColumn (SelectedColumn column, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Selects a Column. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SelectRows (int[] rowsIndexes, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Select one or more rows More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SelectRows (object[] recordsIds, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Select one or more rows More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SelectRows (ModelProxy[] records, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Select one or more rows More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SelectRows (IEnumerable< SelectedRow > rows, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Select one or more rows More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SelectRows (SelectedRow[] rows, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Select one or more rows More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SelectRows (int rowIndex, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Select one row More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SelectRows (object recordId, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Select one row More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SelectRows (ModelProxy record, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Select one row More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SelectRows (SelectedRow row, bool keepSelection=false, bool suppressEvent=false) |
| | Select one row More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SetCellSelect (bool? cellSelect) |
| | Sets the value of CellSelect. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SetColumnSelect (bool? columnSelect) |
| | Sets the value of ColumnSelect. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SetDragSelect (bool? dragSelect) |
| | Sets the value of DragSelect. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SetExtensible (SpreadsheetExtensible extensible) |
| | Sets the value of extensible. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SetRowSelect (bool? rowSelect) |
| | Sets the value of RowSelect. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SetSelectedData (SpreadsheetSelectedData selectedData) |
| | Sets the value of SelectedData.  Only applicable when the SelectionModel's mode is 'SINGLE'. Defaults to false. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | IgnoreRightMouseSelection (bool ignoreRightMouseSelection) |
| | True to ignore selections that are made when using the right mouse button if there are records that are already selected. If no records are selected, selection will continue as normal. Defaults to: false. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | PruneRemoved (bool pruneRemoved) |
| | Prune records when they are removed from the store from the selection. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | ToggleOnClick (bool toggleOnClick) |
| | true to toggle the selection state of an item when clicked. Only applicable when the mode is 'SINGLE'. Only applicable when the allowDeselect is 'true'. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | Mode (SelectionMode mode) |
| | Modes of selection. Valid values are SINGLE, SIMPLE, and MULTI. Defaults to 'SINGLE' More...
|
| |


CxImage must be linked with additional libraries in order to read and write some specific file formats. All these libraries are freely available, with source code, documentation and examples. Some of the libraries distributed with CxImage have been patched, or slightly edited, to add features normally not enabled in the standard distributions, or just to avoid too many warnings from the compiler during the compilation, and mainly to ensure that CxImage can be easily linked with all of them without troubles. Here is a list of the libraries linked with CxImage :
Home page : http://www.zlib.net/ [^]
Version : 1.2.3
Required for : PNG, TIFF, JBIG.
Patches : none.
Home page : http://www.libtiff.org/ [^]
Version : 3.5.7
Required for : TIFF.
Patches :
Home page : http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/ [^]
Version : 1.2.24
Required for : PNG.
Patches : none.
Home page : http://www.libpng.org/pub/mng/ [^]
Version : 1.0.10
Required for : MNG, JNG.
Patches : none.
Home page : http://www.ijg.org [^]
Version : 6b
Required for : JPG, TIFF, MNG.
Patches :
Home page : http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/jbigkit/ [^]
Version : 1.6
Required for : JBIG.
Patches : only some missing cast.
Home page : http://www.ece.uvic.ca/~mdadams/jasper/ [^]
Version : 1.900.1
Required for :
JP2,
JPC, PNM, RAS,
PGX.
Patches : only some missing cast and minor configuration editing.
Home page : http://www.xdp.it/libdcr/ [^]
Version : <IP_ADDRESS>
Required for : RAW, CRW, NEF, CR2, DNG, ORF, ARW, ERF, 3FR, DCR, X3F, MEF, RAF, MRW, PEF, SR2.


Synergy 2.0.1
-
Greg Hurrell
Synergy 2.0.1 has just been posted:
This is a minor release that restores compatibility with Mac OS X 10.2 (which was broken in 2.0 thanks to the move to Xcode 2.1/Tiger and the new version of the Growl framework).
Reply
This topic is now closed.


Personal Website
A digital CV and portfolio
Code
Open source code projects on my GitHub account
Writer, Anime UK News
I write reviews and articles on anime & manga for Anime UK News
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A blog about Japanese popular culture
YouTube
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Twitch
I stream video games!
Twitter
@OnosumeKatsudou
LinkedIn
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AniList
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something-meaty
Chicken periperi
Chicken Pizza
Beef steak and mushroom
Onions and tomatoes Pizza
Classic Margherita Pizza
Pineapple and Ham Pizza
Cheese Pizza


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15
16
17 package xdc.runtime;
18
19 /*!
20 * ======== Timestamp ========
21 * Timestamp services
22 *
23 * This module provides `{@link xdc.runtime.ITimestampClient}` APIs for the xdc
24 * Runtime Support Library. Calls to these APIs are forwarded to a platform
25 * specific `{@link xdc.runtime.ITimestampProvider}` implementation.
26 *
27 * A user can attach their own ITimestampProvider module
28 * using the following config file command:
29 * @p(code)
30 *
31 * xdc.runtime.Timestamp.SupportProxy = xdc.useModule("usersTimestampProvider");
32 * @p
33 * If no such `{@link #SupportProxy SupportProxy}` initialization is done,
34 * the `{@link xdc.runtime.TimestampNull}` ITimestampProvider implementation,
35 * which provides null stubs for the APIs, will be attached by default.
36 *
37 * If the user is developing code using CCS, the
38 * `{@link xdc.runtime.TimestampStd}` ITimestampProvider implementation, which
39 * uses the ANSI C clock() function, may provide a satisfactory timestamp
40 * source (remember to enable the profile clock in CCS).
41 *
42 * To use the TimestampStd implementation, add the following to
43 * your config script:
44 * @p(code)
45 *
46 * xdc.runtime.Timestamp.SupportProxy = xdc.useModule("xdc.runtime.TimestampStd");
47 * @p
48 */
49 module Timestamp inherits ITimestampClient {
50
51 /*!
52 * ======== SupportProxy ========
53 * User supplied time stamp provider module.
54 *
55 * The SupportProxy module provides application/platform specific
56 * implementations of the `{@link xdc.runtime.ITimestampProvider}` APIs.
57 *
58 * If not explicitly supplied by the user, this proxy defaults to
59 * `{@link xdc.runtime.TimestampNull}`,
60 * which provides null stubs for all of the ITimestampProvider APIs.
61 */
62
63 proxy SupportProxy inherits ITimestampProvider;
64 }
65 66 67
68


My experiment with html5 canvas to create our national flag.
See the Pen Indian Waving Flag Using Canvas by Gajanan Bhat (@ggbhat) on CodePen.
Time pass with CSS3 Animation.
See the Pen Time Pass with CSS3 Animation by Gajanan Bhat (@ggbhat) on CodePen.
Magic Colors
It is an simple board game using web technologies . The aim of the game is arrange the two tables in same order. It works in all the major mobile operating system. The Application is built using HTML5 and Javascript . It uses phonegap(Apache Cardova) mobile application development framework. Download link


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block css %} {% endblock %} {% block precontent %}
"Design is not just what it looks like and feels like. Design is how it works."
- Steve Jobs


| PostgreSQL 9.5.19 Documentation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Prev | Up | Chapter 8. Data Types | Next |
A composite type represents the structure of a row or record; it is essentially just a list of field names and their data types. PostgreSQL allows composite types to be used in many of the same ways that simple types can be used. For example, a column of a table can be declared to be of a composite type.
Here are two simple examples of defining composite types:
CREATE TYPE complex AS ( r double precision, i double precision ); CREATE TYPE inventory_item AS ( name text, supplier_id integer, price numeric );
The syntax is comparable to CREATE TABLE, except that only field names and types can be specified; no constraints (such as NOT NULL) can presently be included. Note that the AS keyword is essential; without it, the system will think a different kind of CREATE TYPE command is meant, and you will get odd syntax errors.
Having defined the types, we can use them to create tables:
CREATE TABLE on_hand ( item inventory_item, count integer ); INSERT INTO on_hand VALUES (ROW('fuzzy dice', 42, 1.99), 1000);
or functions:
CREATE FUNCTION price_extension(inventory_item, integer) RETURNS numeric AS 'SELECT $1.price * $2' LANGUAGE SQL; SELECT price_extension(item, 10) FROM on_hand;
Whenever you create a table, a composite type is also automatically created, with the same name as the table, to represent the table's row type. For example, had we said:
CREATE TABLE inventory_item ( name text, supplier_id integer REFERENCES suppliers, price numeric CHECK (price > 0) );
then the same inventory_item composite type shown above would come into being as a byproduct, and could be used just as above. Note however an important restriction of the current implementation: since no constraints are associated with a composite type, the constraints shown in the table definition do not apply to values of the composite type outside the table. (A partial workaround is to use domain types as members of composite types.)
To write a composite value as a literal constant, enclose the field values within parentheses and separate them by commas. You can put double quotes around any field value, and must do so if it contains commas or parentheses. (More details appear below.) Thus, the general format of a composite constant is the following:
'( val1 , val2 , ... )'
An example is:
'("fuzzy dice",42,1.99)'
which would be a valid value of the inventory_item type defined above. To make a field be NULL, write no characters at all in its position in the list. For example, this constant specifies a NULL third field:
'("fuzzy dice",42,)'
If you want an empty string rather than NULL, write double quotes:
'("",42,)'
Here the first field is a non-NULL empty string, the third is NULL.
(These constants are actually only a special case of the generic type constants discussed in Section <IP_ADDRESS>. The constant is initially treated as a string and passed to the composite-type input conversion routine. An explicit type specification might be necessary to tell which type to convert the constant to.)
The ROW expression syntax can also be used to construct composite values. In most cases this is considerably simpler to use than the string-literal syntax since you don't have to worry about multiple layers of quoting. We already used this method above:
ROW('fuzzy dice', 42, 1.99) ROW('', 42, NULL)
The ROW keyword is actually optional as long as you have more than one field in the expression, so these can be simplified to:
('fuzzy dice', 42, 1.99) ('', 42, NULL)
The ROW expression syntax is discussed in more detail in Section 4.2.13.
To access a field of a composite column, one writes a dot and the field name, much like selecting a field from a table name. In fact, it's so much like selecting from a table name that you often have to use parentheses to keep from confusing the parser. For example, you might try to select some subfields from our on_hand example table with something like:
SELECT item.name FROM on_hand WHERE item.price > 9.99;
This will not work since the name item is taken to be a table name, not a column name of on_hand, per SQL syntax rules. You must write it like this:
SELECT (item).name FROM on_hand WHERE (item).price > 9.99;
or if you need to use the table name as well (for instance in a multitable query), like this:
SELECT (on_hand.item).name FROM on_hand WHERE (on_hand.item).price > 9.99;
Now the parenthesized object is correctly interpreted as a reference to the item column, and then the subfield can be selected from it.
Similar syntactic issues apply whenever you select a field from a composite value. For instance, to select just one field from the result of a function that returns a composite value, you'd need to write something like:
SELECT (my_func(...)).field FROM ...
Without the extra parentheses, this will generate a syntax error.
The special field name * means "all fields", as further explained in Section 8.16.5.
Here are some examples of the proper syntax for inserting and updating composite columns. First, inserting or updating a whole column:
INSERT INTO mytab (complex_col) VALUES((1.1,2.2)); UPDATE mytab SET complex_col = ROW(1.1,2.2) WHERE ...;
The first example omits ROW, the second uses it; we could have done it either way.
We can update an individual subfield of a composite column:
UPDATE mytab SET complex_col.r = (complex_col).r + 1 WHERE ...;
Notice here that we don't need to (and indeed cannot) put parentheses around the column name appearing just after SET, but we do need parentheses when referencing the same column in the expression to the right of the equal sign.
And we can specify subfields as targets for INSERT, too:
INSERT INTO mytab (complex_col.r, complex_col.i) VALUES(1.1, 2.2);
Had we not supplied values for all the subfields of the column, the remaining subfields would have been filled with null values.
There are various special syntax rules and behaviors associated with composite types in queries. These rules provide useful shortcuts, but can be confusing if you don't know the logic behind them.
In PostgreSQL, a reference to a table name (or alias) in a query is effectively a reference to the composite value of the table's current row. For example, if we had a table inventory_item as shown above, we could write:
SELECT c FROM inventory_item c;
This query produces a single composite-valued column, so we might get output like:
c ------------------------ ("fuzzy dice",42,1.99) (1 row)
Note however that simple names are matched to column names before table names, so this example works only because there is no column named c in the query's tables.
The ordinary qualified-column-name syntax table_name.column_name can be understood as applying field selection to the composite value of the table's current row. (For efficiency reasons, it's not actually implemented that way.)
When we write
SELECT c.* FROM inventory_item c;
then, according to the SQL standard, we should get the contents of the table expanded into separate columns:
name | supplier_id | price ------------+-------------+------- fuzzy dice | 42 | 1.99 (1 row)
as if the query were
SELECT c.name, c.supplier_id, c.price FROM inventory_item c;
PostgreSQL will apply this expansion behavior to
any composite-valued expression, although as shown above, you need to write parentheses
around the value that .* is applied to whenever it's not a
simple table name. For example, if myfunc()
is a function
returning a composite type with columns a,
b, and c, then these two queries have the
same result:
SELECT (myfunc(x)).* FROM some_table; SELECT (myfunc(x)).a, (myfunc(x)).b, (myfunc(x)).c FROM some_table;
Tip: PostgreSQL handles column expansion by actually transforming the first form into the second. So, in this example,
myfunc()
would get invoked three times per row with either syntax. If it's an expensive function you may wish to avoid that, which you can do with a query like:SELECT (m).* FROM (SELECT myfunc(x) AS m FROM some_table OFFSET 0) ss;The OFFSET 0 clause keeps the optimizer from "flattening" the sub-select to arrive at the form with multiple calls of
myfunc()
.
The composite_value.* syntax results in
column expansion of this kind when it appears at the top level of
a SELECT output
list, a RETURNING
list in INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE,
a VALUES clause, or
a row constructor.
In all other contexts (including when nested inside one of those
constructs), attaching .* to a composite value does not
change the value, since it means "all columns" and so the
same composite value is produced again. For example,
if somefunc()
accepts a composite-valued argument,
these queries are the same:
SELECT somefunc(c.*) FROM inventory_item c; SELECT somefunc(c) FROM inventory_item c;
In both cases, the current row of inventory_item is passed to the function as a single composite-valued argument. Even though .* does nothing in such cases, using it is good style, since it makes clear that a composite value is intended. In particular, the parser will consider c in c.* to refer to a table name or alias, not to a column name, so that there is no ambiguity; whereas without .*, it is not clear whether c means a table name or a column name, and in fact the column-name interpretation will be preferred if there is a column named c.
Another example demonstrating these concepts is that all these queries mean the same thing:
SELECT * FROM inventory_item c ORDER BY c; SELECT * FROM inventory_item c ORDER BY c.*; SELECT * FROM inventory_item c ORDER BY ROW(c.*);
All of these ORDER BY clauses specify the row's composite value, resulting in sorting the rows according to the rules described in Section 9.23.6. However, if inventory_item contained a column named c, the first case would be different from the others, as it would mean to sort by that column only. Given the column names previously shown, these queries are also equivalent to those above:
SELECT * FROM inventory_item c ORDER BY ROW(c.name, c.supplier_id, c.price); SELECT * FROM inventory_item c ORDER BY (c.name, c.supplier_id, c.price);
(The last case uses a row constructor with the key word ROW omitted.)
Another special syntactical behavior associated with composite values is that we can use functional notation for extracting a field of a composite value. The simple way to explain this is that the notations field(table) and table.field are interchangeable. For example, these queries are equivalent:
SELECT c.name FROM inventory_item c WHERE c.price > 1000; SELECT name(c) FROM inventory_item c WHERE price(c) > 1000;
Moreover, if we have a function that accepts a single argument of a composite type, we can call it with either notation. These queries are all equivalent:
SELECT somefunc(c) FROM inventory_item c; SELECT somefunc(c.*) FROM inventory_item c; SELECT c.somefunc FROM inventory_item c;
This equivalence between functional notation and field notation makes it possible to use functions on composite types to implement "computed fields". An application using the last query above wouldn't need to be directly aware that somefunc isn't a real column of the table.
Tip: Because of this behavior, it's unwise to give a function that takes a single composite-type argument the same name as any of the fields of that composite type. If there is ambiguity, the field-name interpretation will be preferred, so that such a function could not be called without tricks. One way to force the function interpretation is to schema-qualify the function name, that is, write schema.func(compositevalue).
The external text representation of a composite value consists of items that are interpreted according to the I/O conversion rules for the individual field types, plus decoration that indicates the composite structure. The decoration consists of parentheses (( and )) around the whole value, plus commas (,) between adjacent items. Whitespace outside the parentheses is ignored, but within the parentheses it is considered part of the field value, and might or might not be significant depending on the input conversion rules for the field data type. For example, in:
'( 42)'
the whitespace will be ignored if the field type is integer, but not if it is text.
As shown previously, when writing a composite value you can write double quotes around any individual field value. You must do so if the field value would otherwise confuse the composite-value parser. In particular, fields containing parentheses, commas, double quotes, or backslashes must be double-quoted. To put a double quote or backslash in a quoted composite field value, precede it with a backslash. (Also, a pair of double quotes within a double-quoted field value is taken to represent a double quote character, analogously to the rules for single quotes in SQL literal strings.) Alternatively, you can avoid quoting and use backslash-escaping to protect all data characters that would otherwise be taken as composite syntax.
A completely empty field value (no characters at all between the commas or parentheses) represents a NULL. To write a value that is an empty string rather than NULL, write "".
The composite output routine will put double quotes around field values if they are empty strings or contain parentheses, commas, double quotes, backslashes, or white space. (Doing so for white space is not essential, but aids legibility.) Double quotes and backslashes embedded in field values will be doubled.
Note: Remember that what you write in an SQL command will first be interpreted as a string literal, and then as a composite. This doubles the number of backslashes you need (assuming escape string syntax is used). For example, to insert a text field containing a double quote and a backslash in a composite value, you'd need to write:
INSERT ... VALUES ('("\"\\")');The string-literal processor removes one level of backslashes, so that what arrives at the composite-value parser looks like ("\"\\"). In turn, the string fed to the text data type's input routine becomes "\. (If we were working with a data type whose input routine also treated backslashes specially, bytea for example, we might need as many as eight backslashes in the command to get one backslash into the stored composite field.) Dollar quoting (see Section <IP_ADDRESS>) can be used to avoid the need to double backslashes.
Tip: The ROW constructor syntax is usually easier to work with than the composite-literal syntax when writing composite values in SQL commands. In ROW, individual field values are written the same way they would be written when not members of a composite.


htmlxhtml
© 2013-2014 pbdR Core Team. All rights reserved.
Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all copies.
Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission notice identical to this one.
Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions, except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved by the pbdR Core Team.
This publication was typeset using LATEX.
We have tried to make the installation process as simple as possible, and these instructions as thorough as possible. However, this is not an entirely labor-free procedure, and does not even get into the really difficult side of large-scale computing: managing the system.
If you affiliated with a United States institution and are engaged in research that requires large-scale computing resources, we encourage you to consider getting an allocation with us . Not only can we tailor our pbdR development to help your research, but we can manage the hardware, operating system, and software utilities for you, so that you can focus entirely on the thing that matters, your research.
In this guide, we will detail the necessary steps for how to set up a pbdR environment. What follows in the remaining sections is a very lengthy list of installation instructions; however, most users should find the process fairly straight-forward, and may not need (or want) all of the details we will provide unless something goes wrong. In any case, the short version for setting up a pbdR environment is to:
Items 1 and 2 are interchangeable, and so if you already have R (and additionally Rtools for Windows) and/or an MPI library installed, then merely skip this/these step(s); there is no need to reinstall anything.
This should be fairly painless. R has binary packages for every operating system you have heard of (and some you haven’t), and the install should go fine. Of course, since R is open source, you are free to compile it yourself, should have have reason or need to do so. You can find both the source as well as binaries at the R project’s main site: http://cran.r-˙project.org/.
Additionally, you may wish to customize your R build by compiling from source. For example, you may wish to link R with a high performance linear algebra library, such as MKL. See the R Installation and Administration Manual at http://cran.r-˙project.org/doc/manuals/R-˙admin.html for full details.
Windows users should install Microsoft MPI or MS-MPI (http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-˙us/library/bb524831(v=vs.85).aspx). Currently, pbdR is built with ’HPC Pack 2012 R2 MS-MPI Redistributable Package’ which is available at http://http://www.microsoft.com/en-˙us/download/.
All released pbdR packages are available from http://cran.r-˙project.org/ which is the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN). This is similar to the CPAN for perl or CTAN for LATEX, although with many improvements and benefits over its competitors.
It is also possible to link pbdR with high performance linear algebra libraries, such as MKL.
Figure 1 offers some insight into the package organization. See the pbdSLAP vignette for more details.
Officially, the pbdR team does not support gaming consoles (only kidding!). Jokes aside, it is possible to install a pbdR environment on Windows, but it is not necessarily the easiest. This guide will explain the basics of getting R, OpenMPI, and pbdR installed on your Windows system. The instructions and screenshots for this document are for version 2.15.1 of R, but later versions should be very similar, if not identical.
If you are completely new to R, then you may find the R for Windows FAQ useful. Additionally, there is also an R FAQ which may also be useful for those who know very little about R. To learn more about programming with R, then you may find the Introduction to R guide useful.
Once R is finished installing, you need to install the rlecuyer package. To install it from an interactive R session, simply start an R session and issue the command
Before proceeding, please be aware that this installation requires Administrative privileges.
You may install pbdR packages from source on Windows. We will present two approaches; the short way, installing from github using the devtools package, and a longer way, installing from a downloaded source file. However, do be aware that each of these methods requires the installation of the Rtools package from Section 3.2 (so that step cannot be skipped).
Finally, we note that it may not be possible to install the pbdNCDF4 package on Windows. We have not tested this and, assuming it is possible, it would be very difficult to get NetCDF4 compiled in parallel first. If you have success installing this package on Windows, we would love to hear from you.
This is probably the simplest method, assuming that you have Rtools installed and set up correctly. If Rtools is not in your PATH, then you may need to enter something like the following:
where the rtools and mingw directories are as they are on your machine. Also, “C:
Program Files
Microsoft MPI
Bin
” should be in the “PATH” and “MPI_ROOT” should be set to where MS-MPI installed.
Once that is settled, installing is fairly simple. You simply load the devtools package and install from our github repo as follows:
You can also install really new package builds, which will be very current in terms of features, but also bugs (or even complete package breakage). If you’re sure you want these packages, then you can install them as follows:
This information is covered in much more detail in the pbdDEMO vignette, and should not be considered a substitute. However, there are two key points one needs to understand in order to use pbdR tools. Namely,
For full details, see the pbdDEMO package vignette.
Below is a simple pbdR script. This will help you know if things are installed properly or not. To understand what the script is doing, or to learn how to do much more substantial things, you should see the pbdDEMO package vignette.
To run the script, you must do so in batch (i.e., non-interactively). First save its contents to the file my˙script.r, and then open a command prompt. On Windows, you should execute the command:
mpiexec.exe -np 2 Rscript my_script.r
During the course of installation, you may run into unrecoverable issues. The pbdR team does not support MPI libraries or R core, so if you have problems during that portion of the installation phase, we probably can not directly help you. However, there are still many great resources at your disposal, maintained by those individual projects.
If you have problems installing or customizing R, see the R Installation and Administration Manual at http://cran.r-˙project.org/doc/manuals/R-˙admin.html for help.
If you are having trouble installing an MPI library, you should see that library’s official documentation. For OpenMPI, see http://www.open-˙mpi.org/community/help/ and for MPICH, see http://www.mpich.org/documentation/guides/ .
For the remainder, we will be addressing installation issues with pbdR packages.
This is a quick list of potential problems you could encounter when installing pbdR packages. For additional troubleshooting or installation options, each package has a vignette which may offer additional useful information.
R CMD INSTALL pbdMPI_0.1-6.tar.gz \
--configure-args=’--with-mpi-type=OPENMPI’
or if installing from R:
See the pbdMPI vignette for more details.
R CMD INSTALL pbdMPI_0.1-6.tar.gz --no-test-load
or if installing from R:


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New Ottawa police chief vows vigilance on racial bias, discrimination
by The Canadian PressOttawa police Chief Peter Sloly says new traffic-stop data and the results of a diversity audit show more steps are needed to ensure bias-free law enforcement in the nation's capital.
Sloly, who became the city's top cop late last month, says the police force is committed to doing all it can to address community and member concerns about discrimination.
A new report covering 2017-18, a follow-up to earlier research, shows Middle Eastern and black drivers continue to experience disproportionately high incidences of traffic stops by Ottawa police.
However, the total number of people pulled over for traffic violations by Ottawa police declined by 35 per cent from 2013 to 2018.
Researchers say the drop is significant since consultations several years ago found that minorities felt they were subject to excessive scrutiny by police.
The diversity audit concludes that while the Ottawa force is making some progress, there is still work to do in areas including leadership, policy, promotional processes and community policing.
This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 20, 2019.