Building
and
Deploying
Angular Applications
@mikegeyser
Coded-In-Braam - May 2017
https://github.com/mikegeyser/building-and-deploying-angular-applications
https://git.io/vHnnK
Questions?
@mikegeyser
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>github.com/mikegeyser
zatech.co.za


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Annor Gyimah Emmanuel
The spikes on the surface of the virus consist of protein. Here’s an example of where protein is not good for you. These protein spikes are the key to the viruses’ ability to invade the cells in your respiratory tract. They help the virus find and bind to ACE2, a protein on the surface of your cells that’s the virus’s ace in the hole, so to speak, to get into your cells. This dirt bag virus then tricks your cell into helping it get inside the cell. It uses an enzyme called furin that is present in your cells to break the protein spikes in half, allowing the spikes to then guide the virus into your cells. How’s that for some political backstabbing?    What a gross creep.
After these pieces-of-bleep viruses make more and more of themselves, they may invade additional cells lining your respiratory tract and begin to cause damage. They may have been able to get into your cells and knock virus boots for a while before your immune system even recognizes that something was amiss. That’s because your immune system probably has never ever seen anything like SARS-CoV2 before and hasn’t yet had the chance to set up specialized sentries and weapons ready to recognize, catch, and eliminate these filthy viruses. When it comes to SARS-CoV2, your immune system is bit like you were probably like in high school, quite naive and easy to fool, no matter how much energy you had and how many weights you lifted. Thus, your immune system is likely caught with its virtual pants down, something that may also have happened to you in high school. Your immune system then scrambles to deal with the emergency with no real clear plan specific for SARS-CoV2. It quickly assembles and deploys a bunch of general troops to the lining of your respiratory tract, making it into a battleground.
 In such cases, your symptoms will likely resemble those of an upper respiratory tract infection. That is, if you even have any symptoms at all. As I wrote previously for Forbes, a study showed that 17.9% of those infected ended up having no symptoms throughout their infections. Upper respiratory symptoms can include a fever, a sore throat, nasal congestion, or a dry cough. As the World Health Organization (WHO) reported, symptoms begin an average of five to six days after the virus initially infected you with a range of one to 14 days. You may think, OK, so far, SARS-CoV2 doesn’t sound great but it also doesn’t sound terrible. True, for a large percentage of cases, SARS-CoV2 and its damage remains uptown, north of the trachea. But let’s get down with what can go down when the infection proceeds down your respiratory tract into your respiratory tree and lungs. Shortness of breath, chest pain or tightness, a deeper cough, and other difficulties breathing can be signs that these sons-of-viruses have made it to your lower respiratory tract. These symptoms can come from inflammation of your respiratory tree, otherwise known as your bronchial tree, the set of pipes that carry the air that you breath in and out of your lungs and allow you to sing Rolling in the Deep. These sleazeball viruses may not stop at your bronchial tree.  No, not a collection of celebratory balloons to congratulate oxygen for reaching all the way down there. Rather, these are alveoli, which may sound like a pasta dish but instead are membranous structures that fill with the air that you inhale. Here is an illustration of some alveol.


The Stephen King books that usually adapt well to the screen are the melodramas. Sure, in terms of horror, we have had "Carrie" and "The Dead Zone," yet often they are so ludicrous ("Maximum Overdrive") and badly shaped that they come across as pale echoes of their literary counterparts. "The Shawshank Redemption" was one major exception to the rule, as well as "Stand By Me" (both adapted from the "Different Seasons" book). "The Green Mile" is based on a six-part novel from 1996, once again focusing on a prison setting (as did "Shawshank"), and once again directed by Frank Daranbot, who also helmed "Shawshank."It may not be as moving or as deeply profound as "Shawshank," but it will do.
"The Green Mile" begins with a old man at a nursing home who weeps when he watches Fred Astaire singing "Cheek to Cheek" in "Top Hat." The reason for his distress is outlined in a flashback to an Alabama prison in the 1930's where he worked as a prison guard. Tom Hanks plays death-row guard Paul Edgecomb, who has a urinary tract infection he tries to keep hidden. There are other guards in this pristine-looking yet ominous, lime-colored prison, such as David Morse (once the gentle, bird-like doctor in TV's "St. Elsewhere") as the imposing second-in-command, the clean-cut kid (Barry Pepper, best remembered as the Biblical sharpshooter in "Saving Private Ryan"), and the past master guard (Jeffrey DeMunn), who's seen it all. There is also the ambitious, mean, sadistic guard, Percy Wetmore (Doug Hutchinson), who has no qualms about taunting the prisoners or killing mice. One mouse in particular that has the guards in awe is adopted by a prisoner named Delacroix (Michael Jeter), and named Mr. Jingles.
One day, a massive bulk of a man named John Coffey (Michael Clarke Duncan) is brought in for the crime of killing two young girls. He seems like a sweet man, afraid of the dark, and takes a liking to Mr. Jingles. Paul Edgecomb doubts the man is capable of violence, especially when John's hands glow mysteriously and heals Paul's infection. But nobody has heard of Mr. Coffey. "He fell out of the sky," says John's former lawyer (Gary Sinise, in an outstanding cameo).
"The Green Mile" spends an inordinate amount of time expounding on the daily routines of the guards - their camaraderie, how they bring in the prisoners, their respectful treatment of them, and the preparations for the inevitable executions (there are two of them in the film, and they are quite disturbing). All this is as powerfully executed, no pun intended, as anything in "The Shawshank Redemption," and the performance by Hutchinson reinforces that. His character, Percy, has a killer instinct but he can also be scared and taunted - it is a twisty, fascinating character.
The major fault with "The Green Mile" lies with the tedious bookends showing an older Edgecomb, and it feels like writer-director Darabont is vying for the same emotion as "Saving Private Ryan." No sale, and it is an unwanted distraction that detracts from the more powerful moments in the film. Another fault lies with the enormous sobbing scenes that actor Michael Clarke Duncan is required to do - every scene he's in, he's teary-eyed. Duncan could have used some moments of silence so that we would not know what to think of such a gentle giant. On the other hand, director Darabont aims to make every moment as dramatic as possible, cued with stretches of Thomas Newman's musical score, making every scene far too self-important. I've said it before, and I will say it again - restraint is an admirable trait.
Though it does not match the power of Darabont's "Shawshank," "The Green Mile" has a few great scenes in what is otherwise a middling, semi-laborious film that plays it safe, and would have benefitted from some screenplay deletions. But in an era where there are so few good Stephen King films, "The Green Mile" is a step in the right direction.
For more reviews, check out JERRY AT THE MOVIES at http://buffs.moviething.com/buffs/faust/
E-mail me with any questions, concerns or complaints at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>or at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
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|
Halide
12.0.0
|
The functions below here are relevant for pipelines compiled with the -profile target flag, which runs a sampling profiler thread alongside the pipeline. More...
#include <HalideRuntime.h>
Public Attributes | |
| uint64_t | time |
| Total time taken evaluating this Func (in nanoseconds). More... | |
| uint64_t | memory_current |
| The current memory allocation of this Func. More... | |
| uint64_t | memory_peak |
| The peak memory allocation of this Func. More... | |
| uint64_t | memory_total |
| The total memory allocation of this Func. More... | |
| uint64_t | stack_peak |
| The peak stack allocation of this Func's threads. More... | |
| uint64_t | active_threads_numerator |
| The average number of thread pool worker threads active while computing this Func. More... | |
| uint64_t | active_threads_denominator |
| const char * | name |
| The name of this Func. More... | |
| int | num_allocs |
| The total number of memory allocation of this Func. More... | |
The functions below here are relevant for pipelines compiled with the -profile target flag, which runs a sampling profiler thread alongside the pipeline.
Per-Func state tracked by the sampling profiler.
Definition at line 1693 of file HalideRuntime.h.
| uint64_t halide_profiler_func_stats::time |
Total time taken evaluating this Func (in nanoseconds).
Definition at line 1695 of file HalideRuntime.h.
| uint64_t halide_profiler_func_stats::memory_current |
The current memory allocation of this Func.
Definition at line 1698 of file HalideRuntime.h.
| uint64_t halide_profiler_func_stats::memory_peak |
The peak memory allocation of this Func.
Definition at line 1701 of file HalideRuntime.h.
| uint64_t halide_profiler_func_stats::memory_total |
The total memory allocation of this Func.
Definition at line 1704 of file HalideRuntime.h.
| uint64_t halide_profiler_func_stats::stack_peak |
The peak stack allocation of this Func's threads.
Definition at line 1707 of file HalideRuntime.h.
| uint64_t halide_profiler_func_stats::active_threads_numerator |
The average number of thread pool worker threads active while computing this Func.
Definition at line 1710 of file HalideRuntime.h.
| uint64_t halide_profiler_func_stats::active_threads_denominator |
Definition at line 1710 of file HalideRuntime.h.
| const char* halide_profiler_func_stats::name |
| int halide_profiler_func_stats::num_allocs |
The total number of memory allocation of this Func.
Definition at line 1716 of file HalideRuntime.h.


dunnhumby
(explained through 4 psychological principles)
Adam Hornsby
Who am I?
Lead Data Scientist @ dunnhumby (9.5 years)
Experimental Psychology, Part-time PhD @ UCL (2016-22)
Psychology BSc, Graduate @ UCL (2010-2013)
You are what you buy, not what you say you buy
Attitudes are weak predictors of behaviour
Psychologists have known for a long time that attitudes are weak predictors of behaviour (e.g. LaPiere, 1934)
A great deal of market research is done by asking a small number of people what they think (e.g. focus groups)
This data is used to build profiles of customer segments and relevant marketing strategies
In the beginning
Edwina Dunn and Clive Humby formed dunnhumby in 1989
Their founding belief was that the best data on customers was already owned by businesses (e.g. EPOS data) (i.e. not necessarily attitudinal)
dunnhumby quickly became driving force behind the Tesco Clubcard
The power of tracking repeat purchases
Customers can exist in data thanks to their repeat purchases (e.g. using a Clubcard ID)
Understanding what customers like and don't like creates the marketing equivalent of a DNA profile
dunnhumby pitched this idea during a trial with Tesco...
"What scares me about this is that you know more about my customers after three months than I know after 30 years" Lord McLaurin, ex Chairman of Tesco
Helping (mostly) retail brands with data
Customers have needs and expect them to be met
Supermarkets cater to people's basic needs
Grocery retailers affect people's most fundamental needs (e.g. food, clothing, finances).
People have different needs and get frustrated if they're not met (Maslow, 1943)
"To succeed in business... you need to understand what your customers want" (Richard Branson)
One strategic decision can have a big impact on customers...
Too much choice can be overwhelming
We use machine learning to aid decision-making
Machine Learning algorithms sweep through enormous amounts of data, so that customers don't have to
We receive 1.45bn rows of transactional data every 4 weeks from one retailer (= lots of data)
Machine learning enables us to build personalisation algorithms that learn what individual customers like
This can be used to solve long tail problem, minimises irrelevant communications and ease complex decision-making
Case Study: Have you forgotten?
This algorithm recommends products that we think you've forgotten this week
It uses past shopping behaviour and relevancy scores to determine what has been forgotten and what has been intentionally left out
This simple feature aims to aid complex decision-making, so that it's less overwhelming
(Interestingly, people's propensity to use this feature depends on how they search for products, see Hornsby & Love, 2022, Science Advances
Subjective choices can be surprising
Why do you buy what you buy?
There are an infinite number of dimensions that people can use to value a product, and these dimensions vary in subjective importance
This contrasts with objective choice, where people can choose options based on a single criterion (e.g. price)
Understanding how customers make subjective choices is a big research topic at dunnhumby (e.g. several PhD sponsors)
This will help build better targeting algorithms, store layouts and simulations (amongst other things)
Research topic: Exploration patterns in the supermarket
In a recent research project, we tried to understand exploration patterns of products
When do people try different products (i.e. explore) and when do they try the same (i.e. exploit)?
Normative/objective theories of choice suggest that people's p(explore) should increase the more they exploit (i.e. maximising information)
But we know that determining value of subjective choices can be an interpretive exercise (e.g. Hall et al. 2010 jam tasting study)
So perhaps we will see a reversed trend, where p(explore) decreases with more exploitation (i.e. maximising coherency)
the study was conducted on 300k customers
Repeat purchases were coded as 'exploitations'
On historic data, results suggested that the probability of exploring new products was much higher for shorter exploitation streaks than expected
To validate these findings, explore/exploit coffee coupons were sent to customers with different streak lengths...
The coupon study confirmed that people were coherency maximising
Exploratory coupons were more likely to be redeemed when exploitation streaks were short
Suggests that preferences follow choices
We confirmed this in lab studies, reported in Hornsby & Love (2020b), Cognition
Results run contrary to normative models of choice; subjective choices can be suprising!
Conclusions
dunnhumby are a customer science company that help retailers & brands make sense of data
+ Customers are best understood through their actions, not (always) their words
+ The most successful businesses understand their customers needs and can do this at scale with data
+ Data and data science is useful for building personalised relationships with customers
+ We are at the beginning of the journey in understanding customers


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On the first full day this page went live, 100,000 people visited this Rotten
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every day.
Linking
We encourage everyone to link to this page; if you like it, others probably
will as well.
 Softly spoken, and articulate, at one point he
told the NSW Supreme Court he did not make a good criminal." But there's
a fabulous picture of him in a tight Gotcha shirt. Sexy!
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Read article...
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Say goodbye to your Miranda rights
Los Angeles Times | Submitted by: Meerkat
A High Court challenge to Miranda, supported by the Bush administration,
may result in Americans no longer having the right to remain silent. It
would mean that police officers could "coerce" confessions out of people,
as long as they weren't used in court. uh, right.
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Read article...
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Killer of up to 23 women to go free
WXYZ-TV 7 Detroit | Submitted by: Reverend Bustanut
"In exchange for immunity, Watts gave police enough details to prove he
killed 13 women, including the woman from Grosse Pointe Farms, but he wasn't
given immunity for any other Michigan crime." He probably killed lots of
other women as well. And now he is set to be let go in 2006, and there's
nothing anyone can do about it.
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Read article...
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Most US-Canada bordercams broken
Seattle Insider | Submitted by: Kreepy Monster
"All cameras: Controls not working 95 percent of the time... It's another
warm day and the cameras are once again not responding... Infrared Down,
Infrared Bad... Inability to track subjects between cameras... no means of
recording or exporting images." How did such a shitty system get installed
in the first place? Graft! "This $200 million contract comes with a sensitive
political connection. The vice president of government contracts for IMC is
a woman named Rebecca Reyes. Her father is Texas Congressman Silvester Reyes."
And why is this person still a Congressman, again?
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Read article...
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Blood Money
Miami New Times | Submitted by: LucrezaBorgia
"South Florida Blood Banks, the West Palm Beach based nonprofit charity
that supplied the blood to Jackson Memorial, has become a significant force
in the regional blood trade recently, at least partially by employing
corporate thievery, unseemly tactics to secure donors, and questionable
accounting practices that seem more fit for Wall Street than Mercy Street."
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Read article...
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Pee: major ingredient in Japanese skin products
Mainichi Daily News | Submitted by: LucrezaBorgia
"The legions of Japanese busily rubbing skincare products over their faces
may be a wee bit embarrassed to learn of a vital component in the creams and
lotions they're covering themselves with. No intention to take the piss out of
anyone, but urea, a compound extracted from urine, is of irreplaceable value
for Japan's beauty products, according to Shukan Shincho."
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Henry
Slate | Submitted by: Bud, A.P. Palled
"There is a tendency, some of it paranoid and disreputable, for the
citizens of other countries and cultures to regard President Bush's "war
on terror" as opportunist and even as contrived. I myself don't take any
stock in such propaganda. But can Congress and the media be expected to
swallow the appointment of a proven coverup artist, a discredited historian,
a busted liar, and a man who is wanted in many jurisdictions for the
vilest of offenses? The shame of this, and the open contempt for the
families of our victims, ought to be the cause of a storm of protest."
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Read article... and
This article...
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Nuclear panic in Belgium
online.ie | Submitted by: KC
"Striking civil protection engineers caused panic in Belgium by sounding
the country's nuclear sirens all morning... Sirens were set off in the
ports of Ghent and Antwerp and the town of Tihange where some people took
iodine tablets to protect themselves from a nuclear explosion."
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The coming Indian boy surplus
Pravda | Submitted by: anonymous
"India is on the verge of a sociological time bomb waiting to explode,
due to the large number of genetically manipulated births. As in China,
everyone wants a boy and in a population which already exceeds one thousand
million, the practice could create a dangerous imbalance, with many more
males than females in the near future."
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Read article...
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Israelis kill annoying pre-dawn drummer
Washington Post | Submitted by: Son of Benway
"Raed Faour and Jihad Natour, lifelong friends, were walking through
the dark, narrow streets and alleys of the New Asker refugee camp in
Nablus early today, banging their tambourine-like drums and singing a
song to wake up the Muslim faithful and announce the approaching sunrise...
[Israelis] immediately started shooting."
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Saudi Arabia earning spot on USA's shitlist
Asia Times | Submitted by: Bin Tossinoff
"Poor Prince Bandar bin Sultan... his wife is accused by powerful senators
and media of supporting terrorism; his country is charged with duplicity in
the war against al-Qaeda; and his family's rule is threatened by increasingly
loud calls for its overthrow. Worst of all, many of the same people who
treated him as a hero under Reagan... now say that his kingdom should be
treated as a sworn enemy of the US."
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UFO files will soon be out there
ZDNet UK | Submitted by: Alaska Freegold
Oh, sure, like they're really gonna release the good stuff: "The US
government has said it will release files on the Internet of reported UFO
sightings which have been kept under wraps for over 20 years. The
government is to publish files on reported UFO sightings on the Internet
later this week as part of a shake-up of its laws on freedom of information."
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Read article...
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Self-immolation on the rise
Independent Online | Submitted by: Alaska Freegold
Hell of a way to go: "A recent study by the Medical Research Council has
revealed that self-immolation, or setting yourself on fire, has accounted for
9.9 percent of suicides at the Gale Street mortuary in Durban. A suicide
expert, Professor Lourens Schlebusch, said those who attempted suicide often
looked for the cheapest method."
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Read article...
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Study: Flies good in bed
Canadian Broadcasting | Submitted by: optional
Article includes hardcore picture of two flies having sex. "A tiny fly
that mates several times for hours on end has allowed researchers to study
the effects of aging in the wild." "The number of times the flies mate
decreased with age, but their sex sessions continued to last for an average
of 2.3 hours, the researchers found."
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Calendar Trend we could do without
Wire Services | Submitted by: Alaska Freegold
"The idea of older men and women stripping for a calendar would have
seemed far-fetched, if not ludicrous, not long ago. The new calendars,
which show more wrinkles than curves, are the antithesis of glossy calendars
with professional models, and that's precisely why they've become such a hit,
said Bob Morton, chairman of the Naturist Education Foundation, a group that
promotes nudism."
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Read article...
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The sado-masochisitic weapons inspector
Washington Post | Submitted by: shoreman
This is far too funny: "An Internet search of open Web sites
conducted by The Washington Post found that [Iraqi Weapons Inspector
Harvey] McGeorge is the co-founder and past president of Black Rose, a
Washington-area pansexual S&M group, and the former chairman of the
board of the National Coalition for Sexual Freedom. He is also a
founding officer of the Leather Leadership Conference Inc., which
"produces training sessions for current and potential leaders of
the sadomasochism/leather/fetish community," according to its Web
site. Several Web sites describe McGeorge's training seminars, which
involve various acts conducted with knives and ropes."
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The Right to Moon
News Corporation | Submitted by: danny z
"A Gold Coast man is claiming he has a constitutional right to "moon".
Lawyers acting for James Albert Ernest Togo, will claim in court today that
as an indigenous Australian Togo has a right to drop his pants and flash his
buttocks at police as an expression of free communication."
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Read article...
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Zsa Zsa in a coma (it's serious)
KABC-TV 7 Los Angeles | Submitted by: Soylent
"Actress Zsa Zsa Gabor was hospitalized and in a coma Thursday after a
car she was riding in struck a light pole on Sunset Boulevard, a family
spokesman said... The cause of the accident was unknown, said Sgt. Bruce
Thomas of the Los Angeles County Sheriff's department. Gabor was
apparently not wearing a seat belt, Thomas said."
Gabors do not wear seat belts. If you suggest otherwise you get slapped.
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A Tig Story Tig steps on the sand. You can see her foot prints. She sniffs at the wet sand. She jumps up onto a big rock. Tig runs on the rocks. She jumps from rock to rock. She grabs the duckweed with her teeth and tugs at it. Then Tig gets up onto a big rock. She sits on the top of the rock and looks at the ground. It is a big jump onto the sand. Do you think Tig will jump" Tig is smart. She waited for mum to pick her up.
in-context


Allen Onyeama: US officials have Nigerian collaborators - Arewa, others react
- The Nigerian Ethnic Nationality Youth Leaders Forum (NENYLF) questions the timing of the money laundering allegation against Allen Onyeama, Air Peace boos
- The coalition describes Onyeama as one of Nigeria's finest and warns that nothing must happen to him and his business
- The four organisations led by say they can no longer tolerate the harassment of Nigerians carrying out legitimate businesses
Four Nigerian groups led by the president of the Arewa Youth Consultative Forum (AYCF), Alhaji Yerima Shettima, have said the source of the plight currently suffered by Allen Onyeama, an airline owner in the country, can be traced to his business rivals.
The Nigerian Ethnic Nationality Youth Leaders Forum (NENYLF) warned that nothing must happen to Onyeama, which it called one of Nigeria's finest businessman, whose activities have benefited the country in no small measure.
Onyeama is currently facing issues of alleged money laundering for which he was indicted by the United States government.
How people are already being killed ahead of Bayelsa, Kogi elections - Goodluck Jonathan
However, the group which also consists of the Ohanaeze Ndigbo Youth Council Worldwide, the Yoruba Council of Youths Worldwide and the Ijaw Youth Council Worldwide, said Onyeama's rising profile had become a source of concern to some people, hence the need to pull him down.
The coalition said this in a joint statement signed by their heads, Shettima for the AYCF, Mazi Okechukwu Isiguzoro of the Ohanaeze youth, Aremo Oladotun Hassan of the Yoruba council, and Barrister Pereotubo Oweilaemi of the Ijaw youth.
They noted that they are not against the law taking its course in some situations, there were more to the challenges being suffered by Onyeama currently as they described him as a man who had genuinely done business with the US for many years.
The coalition questioned the timing of the allegation saying it smacks of conspiracy and collaboration between some Nigerians and the US officials.
"Onyeama has, since built the reputation of a peace promoter who brokered peace between the late President Yar'Adua-led federal government and militants of the Niger-Delta using his well-known platform of peace and reconciliation," the group said while noting his philanthropically activities.
PDP invites Nigerians to its campaign rally in Bayelsa
Shettima noted how Onyeama played a role during the tension in the country that resulted to the north giving Igbos in the region quit notice adding that he was able to broker the needed peace at the time.
Apart from creating employment, the coalition noted that Onyeama has been able to touch lives including rescuing Nigerians facing xenophobic attacks in South Africa.
It warned that it would not keep silent over the issue just as it warned that it would help Onyeama fight using every legitimate means.
PAY ATTENTION: Install our latest app for Android, read best news on Nigeria’s #1 news app
"We would like to draw the attention of his Nigerians rivals that we suspect are working hand-in-hand with their American partners that we will follow every legitimate legal means of defending one of the most exemplary Nigerian investors that we have in Mr Onyeama," the group stated.
Report claims over 1.4m Nigerians struggle for 5,000 vacancies in NSCDC
While urging civil society groups to join in the fight against what it called judicial brigandage, it added: "This is indeed the time to tell the whole world, including United States officials holding Onyeama, that enough of this harassment scheme against successful Nigerian investors."
Legit.ng earlier reported how Nigerians reacted to the indictment of Onyeama by the US governmentwith many expressing anxiety over the issye.
NAIJ.com (naija.ng) - Legit.ng. We have upgraded to serve you better.
Gas Flare Curse: 'Our men are becoming impotent' | Legit TV


{# Animation via ngAnimate + angular-ui/bootstrap, https://github.com/angular-ui/bootstrap/tree/master/src/collapse #}
{# button only shows when form hidden #}
{# use ng-cloak and css file to avoid flicker effect #}
{# source: https://docs.angularjs.org/api/ng/directive/ngCloak #}
{a progressCurrent a} / {a progressTotal a}
{# using ng-csv to export file: https://github.com/asafdav/ng-csv #}
{a h a}
Edit
{# Partially adapted from http://ng-table.com/#/editing/demo-inline #}


1 1 1 123 123 123 123 + 9 + 9 + 9 + 9 --- --- --- --- 2 32 132
Relation: a + b = c
Forwards: 2 + 3 = x => x = 5
Backwards: x + 3 = 5 => x = 2
Relation: x + y = 5 => y = -x + 5
Test: 2 + 3 = 6 => false
// Variables var totalSpend = new c.Variable({ value: 3598 }); // Expressions var spendParts = c.plus(defense, nonDefense); // Equation new c.Equation(spendParts, totalSpend); // Strengths c.Strength.low, c.Strength.high, c.Strength.required
var solver = new c.SimplexSolver(); var spending = new c.Variable({ value: 3598 }); var revenues = new c.Variable({ value: 2328 }); var deficit = new c.Variable({}); var balance = new c.Equation( c.minus(spending, revenues), deficit, c.Strength.required, 0); solver.addConstraint(balance);
// on mousedown: begin to edit solver.addEditVar(spending, c.Strength.high).beginEdit(); // on mousemove: make an edit solver.suggestValue(spending, 3400).resolve(); // on mouseup: finish editing solver.endEdit(); // on click on the lock: keep a variable in place solver.addConstraint( new c.StayConstraint(spending, c.Strength.required));
The simplest relation
var taxRates = [.1, .15, .25, .28, .33, .35, .396]; var dollarsAtRate = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]; c("taxRate0>=0"); c("taxRate6<=1"); taxRates.forEach(function(rate, i){ c("taxRate#{i}==#{rate}", "medium"); c("taxRate#{i}<=taxRate#{i+1}"); c("taxRevenue#{i}==taxRate#{i}*#{dollarsAtRate[i]}"); }); c("incomeTax==" + taxRates.map(function(rate,i){ return "taxRevenue"+i; }).join("+"));
// keep a point on a circle: not possible with Cassowary "(pointX-circleX)^2+(pointY-circleY)^2==circleR^2"
Need js versions, packaged for UI applications
Constraint hierarchy and minimum edit distance
Constraint logic programming embedded into Lispy languages. core.logic works in ClojureScript, compiling to very fast JavaScript.
(defn sudokufd [hints] (let [vars (repeatedly 81 lvar) rows (->> vars (partition 9) (map vec) (into [])) cols (apply map vector rows) sqs (for [x (range 0 9 3) y (range 0 9 3)] (get-square rows x y))] (run 1 [q] (== q vars) (everyg #(infd % (domain 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9)) vars) (init vars hints) (everyg distinctfd rows) (everyg distinctfd cols) (everyg distinctfd sqs))))
How could constraint solvers, dataflow, and other types of powerful problem models work together?
Can you write a single meta-language to bootstrap other languages to write a complete kernel, OS, and GUI user applications in 10k lines of code?
Bret Victor's scrubbing calculator is a great example of giving users the power of constraints to solve their own problems.


Javascript Carousel Animations Demo
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2
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prev
::
next
prev | fade
::
prev | rotate
::
next | slide
::
next | fall
prev | none | play/0.5s
prev | fade | play/2.0s
prev | rotate | play/1.7s
::
next | rotate | play/4.0s
next | slide | play/1.5s
next | fall | play/3.0s
::
stop
slide 1
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|
simpletext library
v0.85
Compact variations of put/get write/read and print/scan for smaller program sizes
|
#include <propeller.h>
#include "serial.h"
#include <stdarg.h>
Go to the source code of this file.
Data Structures | |
| struct | text_struct |
Macros | |
| #define | TERM_NAME_LEN 20 |
| #define | TERM_COG_LEN 7 |
| #define | getStopCOGID(id) ((id)-(1)) |
| #define | setStopCOGID(id) ((id)+(1)) |
Typedefs | |
| typedef struct text_struct | text_t |
| typedef text_t | terminal |
Functions | |
| terminal * | simpleterm_open (void) |
| void | simpleterm_close (void) |
| terminal * | simpleterm_pointer (void) |
| int | getBin (void) |
| int | getChar (void) |
| int | getDec (void) |
| float | getFloat (void) |
| int | getHex (void) |
| char * | getStr (char *buffer, int max) |
| void | putBin (int value) |
| void | putChar (char c) |
| void | putDec (int value) |
| void | putFloat (float value) |
| void | putHex (int value) |
| int | putln (const char *str) |
| int | putLine (const char *str) |
| int | putStr (const char *str) |
| int | readBin (text_t *device) |
| int | readChar (text_t *device) |
| int | readDec (text_t *device) |
| float | readFloat (text_t *device) |
| int | readHex (text_t *device) |
| char * | readStr (text_t *device, char *buffer, int max) |
| void | writeBin (text_t *device, int value) |
| void | writeBinDigits (text_t *device, int value, int digits) |
| void | writeChar (text_t *device, char c) |
| void | writeDec (text_t *device, int value) |
| void | writeDecDigits (text_t *device, int value, int width) |
| void | writeFloat (text_t *device, float value) |
| void | writeHex (text_t *device, int value) |
| void | writeHexDigits (text_t *device, int value, int digits) |
| void | writeFloatPrecision (text_t *device, float value, int width, int precision) |
| int | writeLine (text_t *device, char *str) |
| int | writeStr (text_t *device, char *str) |
| int | writeStrDigits (text_t *device, char *str, int width) |
| int | print (const char *format,...) |
| int | scan (const char *fmt,...) |
| int | dprint (text_t *device, const char *format,...) |
| int | dscan (text_t *device, const char *fmt,...) |
| int | sprint (char *buffer, const char *format,...) |
| int | sscan (const char *buffer, const char *fmt,...) |
| int | printNumber (text_t *p, unsigned long u, int base, int width, int fill_char) |
| char * | _safe_gets (text_t *term, char *origBuf, int count) |
| const char * | _scanf_getf (const char *str, float *dst) |
| const char * | _scanf_getl (const char *str, int *dst, int base, unsigned width, int isSigned) |
| int | _doscanf (const char *str, const char *fmt, va_list args) |
| int | _dosprnt (const char *fmt, va_list args, char *obuf) |
| char * | float2string (float f, char *s, int width, int precision) |
| float | string2float (char *s, char **end) |
Simple Terminal Library API definition.
This library is provided with the following in mind:
By default the terminal will use simple serial for input/output It can be overloaded.
| int dprint | ( | text_t * | device, |
| const char * | format, | ||
| ... | |||
| ) |
Print format "..." args to the device The output is limited to 256 bytes.
| device | is where to put the formatted output. |
| format | is a C printf comparable format string. |
| ... | is the arguments to use with the format string. returns the number of bytes placed into the buffer. |
| int dscan | ( | text_t * | device, |
| const char * | fmt, | ||
| ... | |||
| ) |
Convert formatted device input to the "..." args. The input is limited to 256 bytes.
| device | is where to get the formatted input. |
| format | is a C printf comparable format string. |
| ... | is the arguments where output will go and must be pointers. returns the number of bytes placed into the buffer. |
| int getBin | ( | void | ) |
Get a binary number from the debug port.
| int getChar | ( | void | ) |
Get a char from the debug port.
| int getDec | ( | void | ) |
Get a decimal number from the debug port.
| float getFloat | ( | void | ) |
Get a floating point number from the debug port.
| int getHex | ( | void | ) |
Get a hexadecimal number from the debug port.
| char* getStr | ( | char * | buffer, |
| int | max | ||
| ) |
Get a string of chars from the debug port.
| buffer | is a previously declared array of char big enough to hold the input string plus 2 null terminators. |
| max | is the maximum size to read and should be less or equal buffer size. |
| int print | ( | const char * | format, |
| ... | |||
| ) |
Print format "..." args to the default simple terminal device. The output is limited to 256 bytes.
| format | is a C printf comparable format string. |
| ... | is the arguments to use with the format string. returns the number of bytes placed into the buffer. |
| void putBin | ( | int | value) |
Print a string representation of a binary number to the debug port.
| value | is number to print. |
| digits | is number of characters to print. |
| void putChar | ( | char | c) |
Send a char on the debug port.
| c | is the char to send. |
| void putDec | ( | int | value) |
Print a string representation of a decimal number to the debug port.
| value | is number to print. |
| void putFloat | ( | float | value) |
Print a string representation of a 32 bit floating point number to the debug port.
| value | is number to print. |
| void putHex | ( | int | value) |
Print a string representation of a hexadecimal number to the debug port.
| value | is number to print. |
| digits | is number of characters to print. |
| int putLine | ( | const char * | str) |
Send a string + new line on the transmit debug port. This is an alias of putln.
| str | is the null terminated string to send. |
| int putln | ( | const char * | str) |
Send a string + new line on the transmit debug port.
| str | is the null terminated string to send. |
| int putStr | ( | const char * | str) |
Send a string on the transmit debug port.
| str | is the null terminated string to send. |
| int readBin | ( | text_t * | device) |
Get a binary number from the receive device.
| device | is a previously open/started terminal device. |
| int readChar | ( | text_t * | device) |
Get a char from the receive device.
| device | is a previously open/started terminal device. |
| int readDec | ( | text_t * | device) |
Get a decimal number from the receive device.
| device | is a previously open/started terminal device. |
| float readFloat | ( | text_t * | device) |
Get a floating point number from the receive device.
| device | is a previously open/started terminal device. |
| int readHex | ( | text_t * | device) |
Get a hexadecimal number from the receive device.
| device | is a previously open/started terminal device. |
| char* readStr | ( | text_t * | device, |
| char * | buffer, | ||
| int | max | ||
| ) |
Get a string of chars from the receive device.
| device | is a previously open/started terminal device. |
| buffer | is a previously declared array of char big enough to hold the input string. |
| max | is the maximum size to read and should be less or equal buffer size. |
| int scan | ( | const char * | fmt, |
| ... | |||
| ) |
Convert formatted simple terminal input to the "..." args. The input is limited to 256 bytes.
| format | is a C printf comparable format string. |
| ... | is the arguments where output will go and must be pointers. returns the number of bytes placed into the buffer. |
| void simpleterm_close | ( | void | ) |
This function is provided if a different default driver is to be used. The function should be called before opening another driver.
| terminal* simpleterm_open | ( | void | ) |
This function is opened by default when the library is used. The port by default transmits on P30 and receives on P31 at 115200 bps. The port is a simple serial driver and does not buffer bytes.
Users do not have to call this unless the termial has been closed.
| terminal* simpleterm_pointer | ( | void | ) |
This returns the default debug port device.
Get the SimpleTerm default text_t pointer
| int sprint | ( | char * | buffer, |
| const char * | format, | ||
| ... | |||
| ) |
Print format "..." args to the output buffer. The output buffer must be big enough for the output.
| buffer | is where to put the formatted output. |
| format | is a C printf comparable format string. |
| ... | is the arguments to use with the format string. returns the number of bytes placed into the buffer. |
| int sscan | ( | const char * | buffer, |
| const char * | fmt, | ||
| ... | |||
| ) |
Convert formatted buffer to the "..." args.
| buffer | is where to put the formatted output. |
| format | is a C printf comparable format string. |
| ... | is the arguments where output will go and must be pointers. returns the number of bytes placed into the buffer. |
| void writeBin | ( | text_t * | device, |
| int | value | ||
| ) |
Print a string representation of a binary number to the debug port.
| device | is a previously open/started terminal device. |
| value | is number to print. |
| void writeBinDigits | ( | text_t * | device, |
| int | value, | ||
| int | digits | ||
| ) |
Print a string representation of a binary number to output
| device | is a previously open/started terminal device. |
| value | is number to print. |
| digits | is number of characters to print. |
| void writeChar | ( | text_t * | device, |
| char | c | ||
| ) |
Send a char on the transmit device.
| device | is a previously open/started terminal device. |
| c | is the char to send. |
| void writeDec | ( | text_t * | device, |
| int | value | ||
| ) |
Print a string representation of a decimal number to output
| device | is a previously open/started terminal device. |
| value | is number to print. |
| void writeDecDigits | ( | text_t * | device, |
| int | value, | ||
| int | width | ||
| ) |
Print a string representation of a decimal number to output
| device | is a previously open/started terminal device. |
| value | is number to print. |
| width | is number of characters to print padded by spaces. |
| void writeFloat | ( | text_t * | device, |
| float | value | ||
| ) |
Print a string representation of a 32 bit floating point number to device
| device | is a previously open/started terminal device. |
| value | is number to print. |
| void writeFloatPrecision | ( | text_t * | device, |
| float | value, | ||
| int | width, | ||
| int | precision | ||
| ) |
Print a string representation of a 32 bit floating point number to device
| device | is a previously open/started terminal device. |
| width | is number of characters to print. |
| precision | is number of decimal point digits to print. |
| value | is number to print. |
| void writeHex | ( | text_t * | device, |
| int | value | ||
| ) |
Print a string representation of a hexadecimal number to output
| device | is a previously open/started terminal device. |
| value | is number to print. |
| void writeHexDigits | ( | text_t * | device, |
| int | value, | ||
| int | digits | ||
| ) |
Print a string representation of a hexadecimal number to output
| device | is a previously open/started terminal device. |
| value | is number to print. |
| digits | is number of hexadecimal characters to print. |
| int writeLine | ( | text_t * | device, |
| char * | str | ||
| ) |
Send a string + new line on the transmit device.
| device | is a previously open/started terminal device. |
| str | is the null terminated string to send. |
| int writeStr | ( | text_t * | device, |
| char * | str | ||
| ) |
Send a string on the transmit device.
| device | is a previously open/started terminal device. |
| str | is the null terminated string to send. |
| int writeStrDigits | ( | text_t * | device, |
| char * | str, | ||
| int | width | ||
| ) |
Send a string on the transmit device.
| device | is a previously open/started terminal device. |
| str | is the null terminated string to send. |
| width | is number of characters to print padded by spaces. |


Action
test
test
test
test
Create new account
Your email address
You need to fill your email address.
Given email address is invalid.
Sign up
ng-if true
{{ buttonText }}
ladda button
open modal


We have infrastructure!
- cultivate cross-media functionalities
- maximize distributed bandwidth
- mesh dot-com channels
- extend interactive web-readiness
- envisioneer B2B infrastructures
- mesh sticky experiences
- facilitate sexy synergies
- engineer back-end markets
- redefine extensible experiences
- synthesize integrated deliverables
- cultivate frictionless platforms


Null value area ignored in calculation: 185.372956 Plan area used in calculation: 204.878782 Surface area calculation(low, high, avg): 27.078611 29.355112 28.216861 Current region plan area: 205.062916 Estimated region Surface Area: 28.242221


Code is up on github.
Leave a comment, let me know if you liked the video.
Also let me know if you have other topics you want covered.
Something something...
I like beer.
klaatu verata nikto


Try searching for "Google". Results should be biased within Sydney. For further details on result biasing: http://code.google.com/apis/maps/documentation/javascript/places.html#adding_autocomplete


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--- layout: default header-filled: true title: Home --- {% include home/slider.html %}
Journalism is evolving so quickly that newsrooms are struggling to keep up.
The academy seeks to help, by bringing face-to-face training into partner newsrooms across Africa, and by hosting public workshops at monthly Hacks/Hackers meetups.
The academy will also offer online courses and webinars, designed to teach just one tool or technique at a time, so participants can upgrade their skills at their own pace.
The training will be spearheaded by the continent’s largest digital journalism network, Code for Africa, with support from Google News Initiative and World Bank's Global Media Development Programme.


#include <db.h>int memp_fclose(DB_MPOOLFILE *mpf);
The memp_fclose function closes the source file indicated by the DB_MPOOLFILE structure. Calling memp_fclose does not imply a call to memp_fsync, i.e. no pages are written to the source file as as a result of calling memp_fclose.
In addition, if the file argument to memp_fopen was NULL, any underlying files created for this DB_MPOOLFILE will be removed.
The memp_fclose function returns the value of errno on failure, and 0 on success.
The memp_fclose function may fail and return errno for any of the errors specified for the following Berkeley DB and C library functions: abort(3), close(3), fcntl(3), fflush(3), fprintf(3), free(3), getpid(3), memset(3), munmap(3), strerror(3), vfprintf(3), and vsnprintf(3).


Edit mode
{% if historical_view %}
Historical view:
{% endif %}
Register of title {{ title.title_number }}
{% if historical_view %}
Showing this register at {{ title.last_application | datetimeformat}}
{% else %}This register was last changed on {{ title.last_application | datetimeformat}}
{% endif %}- Owner(s)
-
{% if title.proprietorship.fields.proprietors|count > 1 %}
-
{% for proprietor in title.proprietorship.fields.proprietors %}
- {{ proprietor.name.full_name }} {% if is_owner and not historical_view %} (change) {% endif %} {% endfor %}
- Lender(s)
- LENDER(S)
- Tenure type
- {{ title.tenure }}
- Title quality
- {{ title.class_of_title }} {% if title.price_paid %}
- Price paid {% if title.price_paid.fields.amount %}
- {{ title.price_paid.fields.amount[0] }} on {{ title.price_paid.fields.date[0] | dateformat }} {% else %}
- {{ title.price_paid.full_text | striptags}} {% endif %} {% endif %}
Property details
{{ title.property_description.full_text | striptags}}
Owner(s)
{% for proprietor in title.proprietorship.fields.proprietors %}
{{ proprietor.name.full_name }}
{% for item in proprietor.addresses %}
{{ address.format(item) }}
{% endfor %}
Lease details
{% for lease in title.h_schedule.deeds %}- Date
- {{ lease.date }}
- Term
- {{ lease.term }} {% if lease.rent %}
- Rent
- {{ lease.rent }} {% endif %}
- Parties
-
{% for party in lease.parties %}
{{ party.full_name }}{% if not loop.last %}
{% endif %} {% endfor %}
{{ note.text }}
{% endfor %} {% endif %} {% endif %}Restrictions {% if title.restrictions %} {{ title.restrictions|count }}{% endif %}
What are restrictions?
A restriction limits the powers of a registered owner to deal with or dispose of the registered land. It may also limit the powers of a chargee to dispose of a charge.
{{ restriction.full_text | striptags}}
{% endfor %} {% else %}There are currently no restrictions on this title.
{% endif %}Restrictive covenants {% if title.restrictive_covenants %} {{ title.restrictive_covenants|count }}{% endif %}
What is a restrictive covenant?
A restrictive covenant is a promise by one person to another (eg a buyer of land and a seller) not to do certain things with the property or land. The restrictions will continue to be in effect for any subsequent buyer.
Common examples of restrictive covenants include:
- preventing alterations to an existing property
- agreeing not to run a business from the property
{{ covenant.full_text | striptags}}
{% endfor %} {% else %}There are currently no restrictive covenants on this title.
{% endif %}Easements {% if title.easements %} {{ title.easements|count }}{% endif %}
What are easements?
An easement is a right to use someone else's land for a specified purpose. It relates to the land or property itself and isn’t a personal right.
Common examples of easements:
- rights of way such as public footpaths
- rights to run service pipes and cables underground
{{ easement.full_text | striptags}}
{% endfor %} {% else %}There are currently no easements on this title.
{% endif %}Provisions {% if title.provisions %} {{ title.provisions|count }}{% endif %}
What are provisions?
A provision is an agreement between parties which usually relates to ownership and maintenance of boundaries and the right to the enjoyment of light and air.
{{ provision.full_text | striptags}}
{% endfor %} {% else %}There are currently no provisions on this title.
{% endif %}Bankruptcy notices {% if title.bankruptcy %} {{ title.bankruptcy|count }}{% endif %}
What are bankruptcy notices?
Help text
{{ bankrupt.full_text | striptags }}
{% endfor %} {% else %}There are no bankruptcy notices on this title.
{% endif %}


{% import "macros.inc.html" as macros %} {% extends "resource/base.html" %} {% block title %}Delete Resource{% endblock %} {% block content %}
Removing the {{resource.name}} resource will also remove the following passwords:


The user can choose from several different wave styles: Sinusoidal
wave, Saw tooth, Triangular wave, Square wave or an Impulse waveform.
An
impulse is a single non-zero data value, surrounded by zero values. The
sampling rate, frequency, amplitude, phase, acquisition time, and length
of the waveform can all be chosen from the user interface window, shown
here:
The frequency of the wave (in Hz) is the number of wave cycles per second in the data. For the Impulse wave, this is the number of impulses per second. The frequency can be changed by using the scrollbar at the top of the window or by editing the text field just below it. The minimum and maximum range for the scrollbar can be set using the two text fields in the middle of the window. If the frequency is set to zero, the unit will output a constant data set for most kinds of waveforms (the value depending on the style of the waveform and the phase), but for the Impulse waveform the effect is to create one impulse per data set, at a location determined by the value of the phase.
The amplitude is the peak amplitude. All waves oscillate between positive and negative values of this amplitude except the Impulse waveform, which always has this height. If the user sets the amplitude to zero, all output data values will be zero. In this case the unit ignores all the other parameters except the number of samples, the sampling rate, and the time of the first sample. This can be useful for generating a "blank sheet" to which other effects are added by other units. The amplitude can also be set to a negative value. For most waveforms this will be equivalent to a shift of phase by 0.5, but for the Impulse waveform it will produce impulses with negative amplitudes.
The phase is the location within the waveform at which the waveform starts. It is given as a fraction of a full cycle, so it should be specified in a range of 0 to 1, running from the beginning to the end of the waveform. For the Sinusoidal wave, a phase of 0 is a standard sine function, a phase of 0.25 generates a standard cosine. Other waveforms (except Impulse) have their zero of phase defined so that they look as similar to the sine wave as possible. Thus, for a triangular wave, the waveform with an initial phase of zero rises from zero to 1 at a phase of 0.25, then descends linearly to -1 at a phase of 0.75, then rises again to zero at phase 1. For the Impulse waveform, the phase determines where within one period the impulse actually occurs.
By clicking on the Retain Phase check box, the relative phase between successive outputs from the unit is maintained. This means that the waveforms in successive output sets will fit together as a continuous wave. The phase display is updated to show the actual phase of the first point of the waveform most recently output by the unit.
The number of samples that the SampleSet has can be changed using the "Samples" field. This is the length of the output data set.
The sampling rate is changed using the "Sampling Rate" field.
This is the number of samples per second that the output set contains.
Note that the duration of the data is the number of samples divided by the sampling rate. The number of cycles of the waveform in the data set is the duration times the frequency.
The time of the first sample is the time that will be written
into the acquistion time of the output SampleSet. If "retain phase" is
checked, then this time will be incremented for each successive output
data set by the duration of the previous one. The display of this time
is updated to show the actual time of the first point of the waveform most
recently output by the unit.


Given two signatures V and C with the same sorts, define the language Exp(V,C) as as extending Exp(V) with:
| M | ::= | ...as before... | |
| | | c M | (Central constructor, c in C) |
and add a new category:
| C | ::= | ...as before... |
| | | central |
The judgements M : T in central are as before, but we now have two new rules, one for value constructors:
| [c : B1,...,Bm C1,...,Cn in V] |
and one for central constructors:
| [c : B1,...,Bm C1,...,Cn in C] |
Note that the two subsumption rules are sound, one for expressions:
| M : T in val | ||
| M : T in central |
and one for declarations:
| D : in val | ||
| D : in central |
The graphical semantics of central is the same as for val, but we now have two colours of nodes. Nodes labelled with constructors from V are drawn:
| [[x in central]] | = | |
| [[c M in central]] | = | |
| [[c M in central]] | = | |
| [[(M1,...,Mn) in central]] | = | |
| [[D M in central]] | = |
| [[let P = M; in central]] | = | |
| [[D1 D2 in central]] | = | |
| [[ in central]] | = |
nor a natural terminal:
For example, the following graphs are bisimilar:
| let r:ref = ref(1+1); | let y:int = 1; |
| return (r,r); | let r:ref = ref(y+y); |
| return (r,r); |
but they are not bisimilar to:
| let x:int = 1+1; | let y:int = 1; |
| return (ref(x),ref(x)); | let x:int = y+y; |
| return (ref(x),ref(x)); |
In an appendix we construct a category Graph(V,C) with:
and show that this is the initial pair of categories:
with:
Such pairs of categories have been studied by Benton in the form of mixed linear/non-linear logic, although he allows V and C to have different objects. The presentation here is based on Hasegawa's, although we have provided a graphical presentation rather than a term model construction. These categories form a natural model of computation where order of evaluation is unimportant, such as nondeterminism or unique name generation. In the next section we shall allow more general computations.


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CS 107 - Fundamentals of the Internet Description A course to teach you about the Fundamentals of the Internet. Covers searching, FTP, basic HTML, and other online skills. Instructor George Ehrhorn Roster Andrew Tahir Troy Elizabeth Lucas


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| Package | Description |
|---|---|
| org.apache.fop.area |
FOP's area tree.
|
| org.apache.fop.complexscripts.bidi | |
| org.apache.fop.fo.flow |
All the block- and inline-level flow formatting objects.
|
| org.apache.fop.fo.flow.table | |
| org.apache.fop.fo.pagination |
All the pagination and declaration formatting objects.
|
| org.apache.fop.fo.properties |
Classes representing the various property types as well as supporting data structures for the FO tree.
|
| org.apache.fop.fonts |
Classes for font handling.
|
| org.apache.fop.layoutmgr |
FOP's layout engine.
|
| org.apache.fop.layoutmgr.inline |
Layout managers for inline formatting objects and line building.
|
| org.apache.fop.render |
Generic renderer interface.
|
| org.apache.fop.render.afp |
An AFP Renderer implementation and supporting classes.
|
| org.apache.fop.render.intermediate | |
| org.apache.fop.render.java2d |
Java2D Renderer which paints rendered pages on Graphics2D instances.
|
| org.apache.fop.render.pcl |
PCL Renderer (Supports PCL5 and HP GL/2)
|
| org.apache.fop.render.pdf |
PDF Renderer
|
| org.apache.fop.render.ps |
PostScript Renderer
|
| org.apache.fop.traits |
Trait classes and other supporting data structures.
|
| Class and Description |
|---|
| WritingMode
Enumeration class for writing mode trait.
|
| WritingModeTraitsGetter
This interface provides read access to FO traits related to writing mode.
|
| Class and Description |
|---|
| Direction
Enumeration class for direction traits, namely {inline,block}-progression-direction
and shift-direction.
|
| Class and Description |
|---|
| Direction
Enumeration class for direction traits, namely {inline,block}-progression-direction
and shift-direction.
|
| WritingMode
Enumeration class for writing mode trait.
|
| WritingModeTraitsGetter
This interface provides read access to FO traits related to writing mode.
|
| Class and Description |
|---|
| Direction
Enumeration class for direction traits, namely {inline,block}-progression-direction
and shift-direction.
|
| MinOptMax
This class holds the resolved (as mpoints) form of a
LengthRange or
Space type property value. |
| WritingMode
Enumeration class for writing mode trait.
|
| WritingModeTraitsGetter
This interface provides read access to FO traits related to writing mode.
|
| Class and Description |
|---|
| Direction
Enumeration class for direction traits, namely {inline,block}-progression-direction
and shift-direction.
|
| WritingMode
Enumeration class for writing mode trait.
|
| WritingModeTraitsGetter
This interface provides read access to FO traits related to writing mode.
|
| Class and Description |
|---|
| MinOptMax
This class holds the resolved (as mpoints) form of a
LengthRange or
Space type property value. |
| Class and Description |
|---|
| MinOptMax
This class holds the resolved (as mpoints) form of a
LengthRange or
Space type property value. |
| Class and Description |
|---|
| MinOptMax
This class holds the resolved (as mpoints) form of a
LengthRange or
Space type property value. |
| SpaceVal
Store a single Space property value in simplified form, with all
Length values resolved.
|
| WritingMode
Enumeration class for writing mode trait.
|
| Class and Description |
|---|
| MinOptMax
This class holds the resolved (as mpoints) form of a
LengthRange or
Space type property value. |
| Class and Description |
|---|
| BorderProps
Border properties.
|
| Direction
Enumeration class for direction traits, namely {inline,block}-progression-direction
and shift-direction.
|
| Class and Description |
|---|
| BorderProps
Border properties.
|
| RuleStyle
Enumeration class for rule styles.
|
| Class and Description |
|---|
| BorderProps
Border properties.
|
| RuleStyle
Enumeration class for rule styles.
|
| Class and Description |
|---|
| BorderProps
Border properties.
|
| RuleStyle
Enumeration class for rule styles.
|
| Class and Description |
|---|
| BorderProps
Border properties.
|
| RuleStyle
Enumeration class for rule styles.
|
| Class and Description |
|---|
| BorderProps
Border properties.
|
| RuleStyle
Enumeration class for rule styles.
|
| Class and Description |
|---|
| BorderProps
Border properties.
|
| RuleStyle
Enumeration class for rule styles.
|
| Class and Description |
|---|
| BorderProps
Border properties.
|
| BorderProps.Mode |
| BorderStyle
Enumeration class for border styles.
|
| Direction
Enumeration class for direction traits, namely {inline,block}-progression-direction
and shift-direction.
|
| MinOptMax
This class holds the resolved (as mpoints) form of a
LengthRange or
Space type property value. |
| RuleStyle
Enumeration class for rule styles.
|
| SpaceVal
Store a single Space property value in simplified form, with all
Length values resolved.
|
| TraitEnum
Base class for enumeration classes representing traits.
|
| Visibility |
| WritingMode
Enumeration class for writing mode trait.
|
| WritingModeTraitsGetter
This interface provides read access to FO traits related to writing mode.
|
| WritingModeTraitsSetter
This interface provides read and assignment access to FO traits related to writing mode.
|
Copyright 1999-2020 The Apache Software Foundation. All Rights Reserved.


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Last night saw yet another bicyclist death
in Portland. And, as with most cyclist fatalities,
Kathryn Rickson fell victim to a negligent motorist. Yet, somehow, the automobile remains the
fabric of modern society. Despite its reputation as the leading cause of accidental death in the
world, Americans are addicted to their cars. And it should be treated as much as an epidemic as
smoking or obesity.
 I love automobiles.
They're great tools for traveling medium distances. But across America, automobiles are being
misused as a means of transit for very short distances in densely-populated areas. Here in Portland,
we advocate the bicycle as a healthy alternative to automobile transit. Yet our streets are still
flooded with big, loud, noisy cars. Taking a walk usually involves having to be vigilant of two-ton
aluminum boxes on wheels barreling down the street at 30 miles per hour. And this is normal?
Historically, city streets served as much as community meeting places as they did for transport.
Streets are unique in that they are publicly owned like parks, but adjacent to private residences
and businesses. Before the automobile (and on the very few designated car-free streets in America),
streets were vibrant centers of collaboration and community. Why have we voluntarily surrendered our
centers of community to the automobile?
We're so entrenched in car culture that the proposals I'm about to make will sound absurd. But, if
enacted, I think we'd free our cities from the strangleholds of car traffic, noise and pollution in
a profound way.
-
Make parking unaffordable to non-residents.
In Portland, parking is generally abundant. With several downtown parking garages, generally free
street parking, and friendly residential areas with tons of overflow spots, it's rare to think
twice about driving because you won't have a place to park. If we enact a city tax on parking to
the tune of $5/hour, you'll use public transit or a bicycle faster than you can say Hummer. Of course,
residents should have parking permits for their neighborhoods excluding them from this tax. The
point isn't to discourage car ownership--only to discourage traffic.
-
Reduce the maximum speed to 15 MPH.
Cars don't kill people.  Currently, the City of Portland's
default maximum speed limit is 25 MPH. While reasonable for car-only travel, cars traveling at this
speed are still a nuissance to pedestrians crossing streets and bicyles attempting to maintain the
flow of traffic among automobiles. Reducing the maximum speed would also discourage car use since
bicycling would yield approximately the same trip duration.
-
Remove parking lanes from business districts and replace with combination of bicycle corrals
and sidewalks.
All business districts in Portland, from Alberta St to Hawthorne Blvd to NW 23rd Ave, permit short-term street
parking. Not only do cars parking on these streets cause a nuissance to other motorists and bicyclists
passing through, but the line of cars littering curbs in these districts reduce the amount of livable
community space open to businesses and citizens. By forcing patrons to park elsewhere, we would create
peaceful, open-air pedestrian malls.
-
Require urban drivers to have a permit which must be renewed monthly.
This is a bit of a stretch, but I think if enacted properly, could be the best measure against unnnecessary
automobile traffic. Want to drive in Portland? You'll need to have a sticker on your car saying you've
paid your fee this month. Commercial vehicles might have an exemption from this policy since freight traffic
is a necessary evil on our streets. But if you own a passenger vehicle and want to use it to go to work,
the grocery store, or wherever else, you'll pay the price.
Now, I'm not an urban planner. I'm not sure of the unforeseen consequences of my recommendations. I'm merely
starting the conversation about a post-automobile Portland. And, with enough support, I think we can make a dent
in a problem more serious than any of us like to admit.


Source code for pygraphc.clustering.ClusterUtility
from itertools import combinations
[docs]class ClusterUtility(object):
"""A class contains some utilities to do clustering algorithm.
"""
@staticmethod
[docs] def get_geometric_mean(weights):
"""Get geometric mean or intensity in a clique. A clique can be a k-clique or maximal clique.
Parameters
----------
weights : list[float]
List of edge weight in a clique.
Returns
-------
gmean : float
Geometric mean of given edge weights.
"""
multiplication = 1
for weight in weights:
multiplication *= weight
gmean = 0.0
if multiplication > 0.0:
k = float(len(weights))
gmean = multiplication ** (1 / k)
gmean = round(gmean, 5)
return gmean
@staticmethod
[docs] def get_weighted_cliques(graph, cliques, threshold):
"""Get weighted cliques based on given intensity threshold.
A clique which its weight are less then threshold is omiited.
This procedure will filter unsignificant cliques.
Parameters
----------
graph : graph
A graph to check for its weighted cliques.
cliques : list[frozenset]
List of clique list found.
threshold : float
Intensity (geometric mean) threshold.
Returns
-------
weighted_cliques : list[list]
List of clique with significant weight.
"""
weighted_kcliques = []
for clique in cliques:
weights = []
for u, v in combinations(clique, 2):
reduced_precision = round(graph[u][v][0]['weight'], 5)
weights.append(reduced_precision)
gmean = ClusterUtility.get_geometric_mean(weights)
if gmean > threshold:
weighted_kcliques.append(frozenset(clique))
return weighted_kcliques
@staticmethod
[docs] def set_cluster_id(graph, clusters):
"""Set incremental cluster identifier start from 0.
Parameters
----------
graph : graph
Graph to be set for its cluster id.
clusters : dict[list]
Dictionary contains list of node in a particular cluster.
"""
for cluster_id, cluster in clusters.iteritems():
for node in cluster:
graph.node[node]['cluster'] = cluster_id
@staticmethod
[docs] def get_cluster_property(graph, clusters):
"""Get cluster property.
Parameters
----------
graph : graph
Graph to be analyzed.
clusters : dict[list]
Dictionary contains sequence of nodes in all clusters.
Returns
-------
cluster_property : dict
Property of a cluster. For example: frequency of event logs.
"""
cluster_property = {} # event log frequency per cluster
for cluster_id, nodes in clusters.iteritems():
properties = {}
for node_id in nodes:
properties['frequency'] = properties.get('frequency', 0) + graph.node[node_id]['frequency']
cluster_property[cluster_id] = properties
return cluster_property


The chairman of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has outlined the key changes in cryptocurrency markets he needs to see before he is comfortable with a bitcoin ETF. While some solutions to the problems he mentioned have already been implemented, the chairman...


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|
Osama bin LadenIt's not what you know, but who you know. And Osama bin Laden knows all the wrong people.Osama bin Laden was born in 1957 and developed a bad case of "middle-child syndrome" -- he was the 17th of 52 children. I think we all know how difficult that can be. But while Jan Brady contented herself with agonizing over "Marcia, Marcia, Marcia," bin Laden decided on a much larger target for his rage — the entire world. Osama bin Laden's terrorist networking organization al Qaeda has unified a diverse collection of smaller extremist groups into a worldwide coalition responsible for tens of thousands of deaths over the last decade. His war on America culminated in the September 11 attack on America which destroyed the twin towers of the World Trade Center and made the world's arch-terrorist into a household name.
Where it all beganbin Laden's father, according to al Qaeda propaganda, was a poor laborer in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, who bootstrapped his way to become the partiarch the second-richest family in the oil-rich country -- second only to the royal family. According to the propagandists, bin Laden Sr. imposed tough discipline on his children and insisted they follow strict Muslim practices. "He was very keen not to show any difference in the treatment of his children," adds the tract (published by PBS Frontline), which is a pretty good trick when you have 52 kids.Young Osama graduated from a Jeddah university in 1979 with a degree in civil engineering. Naturally, this training inspired him to become a freelance warmonger. The chic venue at the time was Afghanistan, which the Soviet Union had invaded in 1978. With the support of the Saudi and U.S. governments, bin Laden took up the struggle of the mujahideen rebels who were working to repel the Soviets. bin Laden used his personal fortune and connections to raise funds for the mujahideen, providing aid with logistics, supplies and "humanitarian" aid. He took part in fighting, by all accounts fearless and focused in working to fortify mujahideen positions. He also helped recruit Muslims for the battle from a headquarters in neighboring Pakistan. As with so many of America's worst nightmares, bin Laden and his cronies received financial support and training from the CIA during this period. The CIA had come up with this fabulous notion that it could incite the entire Arab world into jihad against the godless Soviets. It looked great on paper! What could possibly go wrong? President Ronald Reagan authorized the covert release of funds, high-end armaments and CIA "specialists" to assist the mujahideen in driving the Soviets out of Afghanistan, an effort that ultimately succeeded in 1989. Working with Sheikh Abdullah Azzam during the mid-1980s, bin Laden had helped establish the "Office of Services," a support organization for the mujahideen, led by Azzam. As the Soviets found themselves increasingly on the defensive, Afghanistan became a fait accompli, and bin Laden found himself a warmonger without a war to mong. Being a self-starter, it wouldn't take him long to rectify that situation. Azzam didn't share bin Laden's sweeping ambitions, but a convenient car bomb in 1989 left bin Laden the heir apparent for an army of Arab mujahideen, volunteer fighters who'd developed a taste for the service of Allah, which in their minority view primarily involved killing infidels. Building from the BaseThe roots of bin Laden's brand of extremist Islam actually date back to the Crusades of the 12th century. "bin Laden's Islam" interprets the religion in the most violent and confrontational terms. In this context, jihad is a mandate to use force in the service of Allah. "to further the rule of Islam over contested lands," currently defined as any land ever occupied by Muslims, according to author and bin Laden expert Yossef Bodansky.The intensity of the battle in Afghanistan had created a significant power base for militant Islamic fundamentalists, consisting of battle-tested Arab mujahideen soldiers and an infrastructure for the movement of money, arms and personnel through central offices in the Middle East, Afghanistan and Pakistan. In 1988, bin Laden and about 40 confederates formed al Qaeda, a name which translates as "The Base." al Qaeda's propaganda claims the group was formed to provide information to concerned families of Arab mujahideen.  The historical record differs slightly. According to most accounts, the members met in Pakistan and pledged a blood oath to support the jihad in Afghanistan. But 1988 was a bit late for such histrionics. With the Soviets in full retreat from Afghanistan just one year later, Osama bin Laden found himself in possession of a sworn and battle-tested army, a significant personal fortune and plenty of power and influence. All he lacked was an enemy. bin Laden had no great love for Saddam Hussein, the secular dictator of Iraq, whom he and others considered a bad Muslim. But when U.S. forces swept into the region to repel Iraq's invasion of Kuwait, bin Laden found the overt cause he lacked. At first, bin Laden responded to the invasion with an offer to deploy his mujahideen in defense of Saudi Arabia, but he was spurned in favor of an armed assist from George HW Bush. "Marcia, Marcia, Marcia!" Snubbed as a second-rate warlord by his own country, bin Laden became a noisy political opponent of the alliance with the United States, which he characterized as a U.S. agenda to permanently establish a military foothold in the Persian Gulf. bin Laden's incessant bitching initially led the Saudis to arrest him. But because of his popular support, which crossed international borders and social strata, the prospect of a lengthy prison term was a public relations nightmare for the Saudi regime. bin Laden was allowed to flee the country with a wink and a nod in 1991. With the support of other wealthy and influential Saudis, bin Laden began setting up operations in Afghanistan, Southeast Asia and the Sudan. From the Sudan, bin Laden began actively working against the United States, starting no later than 1992. His stated goal was to drive U.S. forces out of the Persian Gulf. His preferred means for accomplishing that goal would be terrorism, specifically the unification of a diverse group of ragtag terrorist cabals into a global network. Coming to AmericaWith the U.S. now fixated in bin Laden's mind as the enemy, al Qaeda began a dramatic expansion throughout the world. Using a network of financial shell companies and fake charities such as the Benevolence International Foundation, he sent mujahideen, family friends and relatives to hotspots such as Southeast Asia and Africa. The impoverished Sudan basically turned over the keys of the country to bin Laden in exchange for which he spent millions building the nation's infrastructure and moving huge sums through local banks and businesses he controlled.Other agents moved to Europe and the United States. By the early 1990s, al Qaeda operatives and allied terrorists had set up shop and were running money and arms through U.S. cities such as Chicago, Houston, Kansas City, Santa Clara and Fort Lauderdale. In 1992, al Qaeda fired the first formal shots in the war on America, targeting American soldiers with a bomb in Yemen. It wasn't exactly a glorious victory. The soldiers had left the targeted hotel two days earlier on a humanitarian mission to Somalia. Two Austrian tourists took the hit instead. Wisely, bin Laden chose to distance himself from this fuck-up. According to a propaganda document given to PBS Frontline: "During (bin Laden's) stay in Sudan anti-American incidents happened in Somalia and South Yemen. Neither of the two incidents was performed by his group in the proper sense of chain of command. Both were performed by people who had training in Afghanistan and had enough anti-American drive. He might have given some sanctioning to the operations but one thing was certain, the Sudanese were completely unaware of either." Despite this tepid non-denial denial, most scholars agree the Yemen attack was the first official act of terror by al Qaeda. It might have been lame, but bin Laden and his minions were nothing if not quick learners. Reign of TerrorThe pace of bin Laden's attacks on America picked up rapidly in the years that followed, and his aim improved considerably. In 1993, Ramzi Yousef bombed the World Trade Center, working with members of another terrorist group ensconced in New York, Islamic Jihad, a radical extremist organization with branches in Palestinian territories and Egypt. Evidence suggests that bin Laden was behind the 1993 attack. Yousef had trained with the mujahideen in Afghanistan, and his uncle Khalid Shaikh Mohammed helped support the attack by wiring money to the bomber (at minimum). Khalid would later rise to the No. 3 position in al Qaeda.bin Laden recruited another top deputy from Islamic Jihad, Ayman Al-Zawahiri. Zawahiri was a surgeon who had been fighting for extremist causes since the age of 15. As leader of the Egyptian Islamic Jihad, Zawahiri had been involved with numerous attacks on the Egyptian government prior to his alliance with bin Laden, including the assassination of Anwar Sadat. Zawahiri is considered al Qaeda's operational coordinator, the CEO to bin Laden's Chairman of the Board. With Zawahiri in tow, bin Laden's al Qaeda absorbed much of Islamic Jihad's staff and resources. The precedent also helped establish Qaeda's role as a conglomerate of terror organizations. Other organizations soon followed Zawahiri's lead and joined the fold, either formally or informally, including Abu Sayyaf, Jemaah Islamiah, Hezbollah, Hamas and dozens of others. The support bin Laden offered these often diverse groups primarily fell into three areas, financing, training and arms. bin Laden's deep pockets provided a base to begin with, which was supplemented by wealthy Saudi patrons and various charity rip-offs that misdirected funds raised under charitable guise to mujahideen in Chechnya, at times directly funding terrorist attacks. Said attacks continued, including the bombing of U.S. embassies in Africa, the attack on the U.S.S. Cole, attempts to assassinate the pope and then-President Clinton, and an early attempt to stage a Sept. 11-style attack out of the Philippines, where bin Laden's brother-in-law Mohammed Jamal Khalifa had been funding operations on behalf of al Qaeda. More than a Technicality, Less than a PapacyThe heat began to stick to bin Laden, and in spring 1996, President Bill Clinton signed an executive order authorizing the CIA to destroy bin Laden's network through any available means, and later that year, a secret grand jury began investigating his activities.In May, the Sudan expelled bin Laden, under heavy pressure from the Saudis. But bin Laden wrested a powerful victory from this seeming defeat, in a development little noted by Western observers, who may have seen it as a technicality. Osama bin Laden relocated to Afghanistan after his expulsion. Once ensconced there, according to Bodansky, bin Laden set up a territorial network of camps and training compounds, with the support of the ruling Taliban party. By establishing his rule over a territorial boundary, Osama bin Laden was able to claim an Imarat or emirate, which under Islamic law gave him a special dispensation to act as a teacher of Islam without a formal religious education. From a Western perspective, this may have seemed like a meaningless honorific. After all, Bill Cosby has an honorary doctorate, but he doesn't perform liver transplants. But the Western perspective hardly mattered to bin Laden's prospective followers. With his ascendence to emir status, bin Laden would be addressed by the quasi-religious title Sheikh. The legitimacy of bin Laden's claim to religious authority is somewhat contentious in a global context, but the new title gave militant Islamic fundamentalists the necessary pretext to embrace a message they already wanted to hear. The move fundamentally changed bin Laden from a itinerant military commander to landed religious nobility, and he wasted no time exploiting this new status. In August 1996, bin Laden formally threw his newfound authority behind the cause which had already occupied him for several years — he issued a fatwa declaring jihad against the United States. He outlined specific goals, including the expulsion of U.S. forces from the Persian Gulf and the overthrow of the Saudi regime. The direct attack on the U.S. represented a major escalation of the militant Islamic agenda, which had previously focused on Israel and regional issues. The attacks continued. In 1998, a grand jury in New York issued a sealed indictment against bin Laden. Later that year, the U.S. launched air strikes against al Qaeda camps in Afghanistan. He moved to the top of the FBI's "Most Wanted Terrorist" list. But it wasn't until Sept. 11, 2001 that the effort to catch bin Laden become a national crusade. Marked ManOn Sept. 11, 2001, al Qaeda hijacked two jets and crashed them into the twin towers of the World Trade Center, demolishing both towers. A third hijacked jet was crashed into the Pentagon, severely damaging the structure. On a fourth plane, targeted for the White House, the passengers rose up and overcame the hijackers, after being informed of the previous crashes via cell phone calls to loved ones. The plane crashed in rural Pennsylvania.Within hours of the attack, Osama bin Laden was the prime suspect. Experts said only al Qaeda had the organization and ingenuity of the attack. Some remembered an earlier plot, hatched in the Philippines by Khalid Shaikh Mohammed, which proposed using commercial planes as suicide bombs. Retribution was swift. President George W Bush vowed to "bring the terrorists to justice, or bring justice to the terrorists." In pursuit of the latter goal, the U.S. demanded that Afghanistan's Islamic fundamentalist regime, the Taliban, turn bin Laden over for prosecution. The Taliban refused, and by spring 2002, they had been destroyed by U.S. air power and a native insurgent group called the Northern Alliance. U.S. attacks specifically targeted al Qaeda camps and strongholds in an effort to kill bin Laden, but he apparently survived the onslaught, releasing sporadic messages on audio and video tape, just in case anyone had any doubts. The Taliban refused, and by spring 2002, they had been destroyed by U.S. air power and a native insurgent group called the Northern Alliance. U.S. attacks specifically targeted al Qaeda camps and strongholds in an effort to kill bin Laden, but he survived the onslaught, releasing sporadic messages on audio and video tape, just in case anyone had any doubts. As the U.S. set up shop in Iraq in 2003, bin Laden began to be marginalized by more radical elements in al Qaeda, such as Zawahiri and the fast-rising star of Abu Musab al-Zarqawi. After a video message to American voters just before the 2004 elections, bin Laden went silent for more than a year. But after one of the CIA's aerial assassination robots scored a near miss on Zawahiri in early 2006, bin Laden emerged to reassert himself with an audio message, offering a "truce" to the U.S. -- on the condition that America pulls its forces out of Afghanistan and Iraq. The offer was a transparent formality for the benefit of Islamic listeners -- he readily conceded in the message that unclean pigs would fly before Bush would give up his Middle Eastern ambitions. But proper Islamic ettiquette required him to make the offer. Underlining the purely symbolic nature of the truce offering, bin Laden warned that new attacks were already underway in the U.S. Ever since the U.S. invaded Afghanistan, experts have been repeating, dronelike, a small set of tired speculations about the master terrorist's fate -- he's sick (debateable), he's lost control of al Qaeda (debateable), he's dead (clearly untrue). As Mohammed Jamal Khalifa drily observed in an interview with CNN, "If Osama was dead, everyone would know." At its heart, after all, al Qaeda is a cult that glorifies death.  And a dead man can't ever disappoint you again. As for his location, the dronelike experts also have a standard refrain -- he is somewhere in the wild mountainous border between Afghanistan and Pakistan. This is akin to saying he's somewhere in the Amazon jungle -- it's descriptive but not terribly helpful if you actually want to find someone. Slightly better informed experts believe bin Laden that he may be in Iran, where other key al Qaeda members, including Osama's son, have been hanging their turbans. Ultimately, all this speculation is pretty darn speculative. Until Task Force 121 hears the wailing in the distance -- "Marcia, Marcia, Marcia!" -- Osama bin Laden's location will remain the world's best kept secret. And don't worry -- when he's dead, everyone will know. Just listen for the explosions.
Timeline
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{% extends 'base.html' %} {% block body %}
Tokenization is a step which splits longer strings of text into smaller pieces, or tokens. Larger chunks of text can be tokenized into sentences, sentences can be tokenized into words, etc.


People of the World
Humans
Average Lifespan: 80-100 years
Humans are the most prevalent race around the world. Most
humans generally feel they are superior because of the teachings in the Holy
Book of Piedism, which states that god made humans by combining the best qualities
of the elves and dwarves. Humans control the most powerful nations of the world
and use the newest technology to maintain their superiority. Throughout history
some humans have oppressed the other races, even other races of humans. Racial Tensions have
started to fade somewhat since the past. Slavery of other races is illegal in
most countries.
There are many different kinds of humans in the world; Ivorian, Dirkish, Shazradian, Eastlander,
and Oriental
Elves
Average Lifespan: 95-120 years
Elves are very similar to humans in some respects.
Physically, Elves are skinny and frail compared to humans. They also have
pointed ears, which is a dead give away. On average elves are more intelligent
then humans but they are physically weaker. The Holy Book of Piedism says that
Elves were the second race created by god. Most of the elves in the world live
in the city of Nazareth on the Northern continent. They try to stay away from
human wars and politics. A great number of Elves also live in Rafad, which is a
small nation in the Desert of Moving Sands. Generally Elves are peaceful and
spiritual.
There is another type of Elf that is the exact opposite. They are known as the Drow, or Dark Elf.
Throughout history they have been known to be very aggressive and power hungry. The Drow
mostly live in caves and tunnels on Mount Venalis. The Drow are a matriarchal
society, the “Matron Mother” as they call it rules with an iron fist. Her word
is the law and anyone who disobeys may be sacrificed or used as a slave. Be
very careful when dealing with the Drow.
Dwarves
Average Lifespan: 60-82years
The average dwarf is much stronger then the human but less
intelligent. Dwarves are also much shorter then humans. It would be very rare
to find a dwarf over 4 feet tall. They also take pride in their long flowing
beards which they never shave. The Dwarf is a rare breed these days. Slavery,
Genocide, and overall oppression in the ancient past has them nearly extinct.
The Book of Piedism says that dwarves are the first race created by god and
they are the weakest. The Dwarves that are left live with pride and hope to
keep their people strong. There are a few clans of Dwarves in Mount Venalis.
The rest of them are usually found living alongside humans.
Back


Dynamic documentation for instances of classes#
The functionality in this module allows to define specific docstrings
of instances of a class, which are different from the class docstring.
A typical use case is given by cached methods: the documentation of a
cached method should not be the documentation of the class
CachedMethod
; it should be the documentation of the underlying
method.
In order to use this, define a class docstring as usual. Also define a
method def _instancedoc_(self)
which should return the docstring of
the instance self
. Finally, add the decorator @instancedoc
to
the class.
Warning
Since the __doc__
attribute is never inherited, the decorator
@instancedoc
must be added to all subclasses of the class
defining _instancedoc_
. Doing it on the base class is not
sufficient.
EXAMPLES:
sage: from sage.misc.instancedoc import instancedoc
sage: @instancedoc
....: class X():
....: "Class docstring"
....: def _instancedoc_(self):
....: return "Instance docstring"
sage: X.__doc__
'Class docstring'
sage: X().__doc__
'Instance docstring'
For a Cython cdef class
, a decorator cannot be used. Instead, call
instancedoc()
as a function after defining the class:
sage: cython( # optional - sage.misc.cython
....: '''
....: from sage.misc.instancedoc import instancedoc
....: cdef class Y:
....: "Class docstring"
....: def _instancedoc_(self):
....: return "Instance docstring"
....: instancedoc(Y)
....: ''')
sage: Y.__doc__ # optional - sage.misc.cython
'File:...\nClass docstring'
sage: Y().__doc__ # optional - sage.misc.cython
'Instance docstring'
One can still add a custom __doc__
attribute on a particular
instance:
sage: obj = X()
sage: obj.__doc__ = "Very special doc"
sage: print(obj.__doc__)
Very special doc
This normally does not work on extension types:
sage: Y().__doc__ = "Very special doc" # optional - sage.misc.cython
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
AttributeError: attribute '__doc__' of 'Y' objects is not writable
This is an example involving a metaclass, where the instances are
classes. In this case, the _instancedoc_
from the metaclass is only
used if the instance of the metaclass (the class) does not have a
docstring:
sage: @instancedoc
....: class Meta(type):
....: "Metaclass doc"
....: def _instancedoc_(self):
....: return "Docstring for {}".format(self)
sage: class T(metaclass=Meta):
....: pass
sage: print(T.__doc__)
Docstring for <class '__main__.T'>
sage: class U(metaclass=Meta):
....: "Special doc for U"
sage: print(U.__doc__)
Special doc for U


I'm a Masters student in Analytics at Northeastern University, Boston, USA. I was born and raised in Visakhapatnam in Andhra Pradesh, India. I like to travel and believe travelling gives you a new perspective to everything. You get to know a lot about the different cultures, the cuisines, their history, the language and all the small unique things every place has to offer.
Please check my GitHub and LinkedIn profiles for more information! :)


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