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JavaTM 2 Platform Standard Ed. 5.0 |
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java.lang.Object javax.imageio.stream.ImageInputStreamImpl
public abstract class ImageInputStreamImpl
An abstract class implementing the ImageInputStream
interface.
This class is designed to reduce the number of methods that must
be implemented by subclasses.
In particular, this class handles most or all of the details of byte order interpretation, buffering, mark/reset, discarding, closing, and disposing.
| Field Summary | |
|---|---|
protected int |
bitOffset
The current bit offset within the stream. |
protected ByteOrder |
byteOrder
The byte order of the stream as an instance of the enumeration class java.nio.ByteOrder , where
ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN indicates network byte order
and ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN indicates the reverse
order. |
protected long |
flushedPos
The position prior to which data may be discarded. |
protected long |
streamPos
The current read position within the stream. |
| Constructor Summary | |
|---|---|
ImageInputStreamImpl()
Constructs an ImageInputStreamImpl . |
| Method Summary | |
|---|---|
protected void |
checkClosed()
Throws an IOException if the stream has been closed. |
void |
close()
Closes the stream. |
protected void |
finalize()
Finalizes this object prior to garbage collection. |
void |
flush()
Discards the initial position of the stream prior to the current stream position. |
void |
flushBefore(long pos)
Discards the initial portion of the stream prior to the indicated postion. |
int |
getBitOffset()
Returns the current bit offset, as an integer between 0 and 7, inclusive. |
ByteOrder |
getByteOrder()
Returns the byte order with which data values will be read from this stream as an instance of the java.nio.ByteOrder enumeration. |
long |
getFlushedPosition()
Returns the earliest position in the stream to which seeking may be performed. |
long |
getStreamPosition()
Returns the current byte position of the stream. |
boolean |
isCached()
Default implementation returns false. |
boolean |
isCachedFile()
Default implementation returns false. |
boolean |
isCachedMemory()
Default implementation returns false. |
long |
length()
Returns -1L to indicate that the stream has unknown
length. |
void |
mark()
Pushes the current stream position onto a stack of marked positions. |
abstract int |
read()
Reads a single byte from the stream and returns it as an integer between 0 and 255. |
int |
read(byte[] b)
A convenience method that calls read(b, 0, b.length) . |
abstract int |
read(byte[] b,
int off,
int len)
Reads up to len bytes from the stream, and stores
them into b starting at index off . |
int |
readBit()
Reads a single bit from the stream and returns it as an int with the value 0 or
1 . |
long |
readBits(int numBits)
Reads a bitstring from the stream and returns it as a long , with the first bit read becoming the most
significant bit of the output. |
boolean |
readBoolean()
Reads one input byte and returns true if that byte is nonzero,
false if that byte is zero. |
byte |
readByte()
Reads and returns one input byte. |
void |
readBytes(IIOByteBuffer buf,
int len)
Reads up to len bytes from the stream, and
modifies the supplied IIOByteBuffer to indicate
the byte array, offset, and length where the data may be found. |
char |
readChar()
Reads an input char and returns the char value. |
double |
readDouble()
Reads eight input bytes and returns a double value. |
float |
readFloat()
Reads four input bytes and returns a float value. |
void |
readFully(byte[] b)
Reads some bytes from an input stream and stores them into the buffer array b . |
void |
readFully(byte[] b,
int off,
int len)
Reads len
bytes from
an input stream. |
void |
readFully(char[] c,
int off,
int len)
Reads len chars (unsigned 16-bit integers) from the
stream according to the current byte order, and
stores them into c starting at index
off . |
void |
readFully(double[] d,
int off,
int len)
Reads len doubles (64-bit IEEE double-precision
floats) from the stream according to the current byte order,
and stores them into d starting at
index off . |
void |
readFully(float[] f,
int off,
int len)
Reads len floats (32-bit IEEE single-precision
floats) from the stream according to the current byte order,
and stores them into f starting at
index off . |
void |
readFully(int[] i,
int off,
int len)
Reads len ints (signed 32-bit integers) from the
stream according to the current byte order, and
stores them into i starting at index
off . |
void |
readFully(long[] l,
int off,
int len)
Reads len longs (signed 64-bit integers) from the
stream according to the current byte order, and
stores them into l starting at index
off . |
void |
readFully(short[] s,
int off,
int len)
Reads len shorts (signed 16-bit integers) from the
stream according to the current byte order, and
stores them into s starting at index
off . |
int |
readInt()
Reads four input bytes and returns an int value. |
String |
readLine()
Reads the next line of text from the input stream. |
long |
readLong()
Reads eight input bytes and returns a long value. |
short |
readShort()
Reads two input bytes and returns a short value. |
int |
readUnsignedByte()
Reads one input byte, zero-extends it to type int , and returns
the result, which is therefore in the range
0
through 255 . |
long |
readUnsignedInt()
Reads 4 bytes from the stream, and (conceptually) concatenates them according to the current byte order, converts the result to a long, masks it with 0xffffffffL in order to
strip off any sign-extension bits, and returns the result as an
unsigned long value. |
int |
readUnsignedShort()
Reads two input bytes and returns an int value in the range 0
through 65535 . |
String |
readUTF()
Reads in a string that has been encoded using a modified UTF-8 format. |
void |
reset()
Resets the current stream byte and bit positions from the stack of marked positions. |
void |
seek(long pos)
Sets the current stream position to the desired location. |
void |
setBitOffset(int bitOffset)
Sets the bit offset to an integer between 0 and 7, inclusive. |
void |
setByteOrder(ByteOrder byteOrder)
Sets the desired byte order for future reads of data values from this stream. |
int |
skipBytes(int n)
Advances the current stream position by calling seek(getStreamPosition() + n) . |
long |
skipBytes(long n)
Advances the current stream position by calling seek(getStreamPosition() + n) . |
| Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object |
|---|
clone, equals, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait |
| Field Detail |
|---|
protected ByteOrder byteOrder
java.nio.ByteOrder
, where
ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN
indicates network byte order
and ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN
indicates the reverse
order. By default, the value is
ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN
.
protected long streamPos
protected int bitOffset
protected long flushedPos
flushedPos
will always be >= 0.
| Constructor Detail |
|---|
public ImageInputStreamImpl()
ImageInputStreamImpl
.
| Method Detail |
|---|
protected final void checkClosed() throws IOException
IOException
if the stream has been closed.
Subclasses may call this method from any of their methods that
require the stream not to be closed.
IOException
- if the stream is closed.public void setByteOrder(ByteOrder byteOrder)
ImageInputStream
The enumeration class java.nio.ByteOrder
is
used to specify the byte order. A value of
ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN
specifies so-called
big-endian or network byte order, in which the high-order byte
comes first. Motorola and Sparc processors store data in this
format, while Intel processors store data in the reverse
ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN
order.
The byte order has no effect on the results returned from
the readBits
method (or the value written by
ImageOutputStream.writeBits
).
setByteOrder
in interface ImageInputStream
byteOrder
- one of ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN
or
java.nio.ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN
, indicating whether
network byte order or its reverse will be used for future
reads.ByteOrder
,
ImageInputStream.getByteOrder()
,
ImageInputStream.readBits(int)
public ByteOrder getByteOrder()
ImageInputStream
java.nio.ByteOrder
enumeration.
getByteOrder
in interface ImageInputStream
ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN
or
ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN
, indicating which byte
order is being used.ByteOrder
,
ImageInputStream.setByteOrder(java.nio.ByteOrder)
public abstract int read() throws IOException
ImageInputStream
The bit offset within the stream is reset to zero before the read occurs.
read
in interface ImageInputStream
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public int read(byte[] b) throws IOException
read(b, 0, b.length)
.
The bit offset within the stream is reset to zero before the read occurs.
read
in interface ImageInputStream
b
- an array of bytes to be written to.
-1
to indicate EOF.
NullPointerException
- if b
is
null
.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public abstract int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException
len
bytes from the stream, and stores
them into b
starting at index off
.
If no bytes can be read because the end of the stream has been
reached, -1
is returned.
The bit offset within the stream must be reset to zero before the read occurs.
Subclasses must provide an implementation for this method. The subclass implementation should update the stream position before exiting.
read
in interface ImageInputStream
b
- an array of bytes to be written to.off
- the starting position within b
to write to.len
- the maximum number of bytes to read.
-1
to indicate EOF.
IndexOutOfBoundsException
- if off
is
negative, len
is negative, or off +
len
is greater than b.length
.
NullPointerException
- if b
is
null
.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public void readBytes(IIOByteBuffer buf, int len) throws IOException
ImageInputStream
len
bytes from the stream, and
modifies the supplied IIOByteBuffer
to indicate
the byte array, offset, and length where the data may be found.
The caller should not attempt to modify the data found in the
IIOByteBuffer
.
The bit offset within the stream is reset to zero before the read occurs.
readBytes
in interface ImageInputStream
buf
- an IIOByteBuffer object to be modified.len
- the maximum number of byte
s to read.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public boolean readBoolean() throws IOException
DataInput
true
if that byte is nonzero,
false
if that byte is zero.
This method is suitable for reading
the byte written by the writeBoolean
method of interface DataOutput
.
readBoolean
in interface DataInput
readBoolean
in interface ImageInputStream
boolean
value read.
EOFException
- if this stream reaches the end before reading
all the bytes.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public byte readByte() throws IOException
DataInput
-128
through 127
,
inclusive.
This method is suitable for
reading the byte written by the writeByte
method of interface DataOutput
.
readByte
in interface DataInput
readByte
in interface ImageInputStream
EOFException
- if this stream reaches the end before reading
all the bytes.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public int readUnsignedByte() throws IOException
DataInput
int
, and returns
the result, which is therefore in the range
0
through 255
.
This method is suitable for reading
the byte written by the writeByte
method of interface DataOutput
if the argument to writeByte
was intended to be a value in the range
0
through 255
.
readUnsignedByte
in interface DataInput
readUnsignedByte
in interface ImageInputStream
EOFException
- if this stream reaches the end before reading
all the bytes.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public short readShort() throws IOException
DataInput
short
value. Let a
be the first byte read and b
be the second byte. The value
returned
is:
(short)((a << 8) | (b & 0xff))
This method
is suitable for reading the bytes written
by the writeShort
method of
interface DataOutput
.
readShort
in interface DataInput
readShort
in interface ImageInputStream
EOFException
- if this stream reaches the end before reading
all the bytes.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.ImageInputStream.getByteOrder()
public int readUnsignedShort() throws IOException
DataInput
int
value in the range 0
through 65535
. Let a
be the first byte read and
b
be the second byte. The value returned is:
(((a & 0xff) << 8) | (b & 0xff))
This method is suitable for reading the bytes
written by the writeShort
method
of interface DataOutput
if
the argument to writeShort
was intended to be a value in the range
0
through 65535
.
readUnsignedShort
in interface DataInput
readUnsignedShort
in interface ImageInputStream
EOFException
- if this stream reaches the end before reading
all the bytes.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.ImageInputStream.getByteOrder()
public char readChar() throws IOException
DataInput
char
and returns the char
value.
A Unicode char
is made up of two bytes.
Let a
be the first byte read and b
be the second byte. The value
returned is:
(char)((a << 8) | (b & 0xff))
This method
is suitable for reading bytes written by
the writeChar
method of interface
DataOutput
.
readChar
in interface DataInput
readChar
in interface ImageInputStream
char
read.
EOFException
- if this stream reaches the end before reading
all the bytes.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.ImageInputStream.readUnsignedShort()
public int readInt() throws IOException
DataInput
int
value.  The value returned is:
(((a & 0xff) << 24) | ((b & 0xff) << 16) |
((c & 0xff) << 8) | (d & 0xff))
This method is suitable
for reading bytes written by the writeInt
method of interface DataOutput
.
readInt
in interface DataInput
readInt
in interface ImageInputStream
int
value read.
EOFException
- if this stream reaches the end before reading
all the bytes.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.ImageInputStream.getByteOrder()
public long readUnsignedInt() throws IOException
ImageInputStream
0xffffffffL
in order to
strip off any sign-extension bits, and returns the result as an
unsigned long
value.
The bit offset within the stream is reset to zero before the read occurs.
readUnsignedInt
in interface ImageInputStream
EOFException
- if the stream reaches the end before
reading all the bytes.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.ImageInputStream.getByteOrder()
public long readLong() throws IOException
DataInput
long
value.  The value returned is:
(((long)(a & 0xff) << 56) |
((long)(b & 0xff) << 48) |
((long)(c & 0xff) << 40) |
((long)(d & 0xff) << 32) |
((long)(e & 0xff) << 24) |
((long)(f & 0xff) << 16) |
((long)(g & 0xff) << 8) |
((long)(h & 0xff)))
This method is suitable
for reading bytes written by the writeLong
method of interface DataOutput
.
readLong
in interface DataInput
readLong
in interface ImageInputStream
long
value read.
EOFException
- if this stream reaches the end before reading
all the bytes.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.ImageInputStream.getByteOrder()
public float readFloat() throws IOException
DataInput
float
value. It does this
by first constructing an int
value in exactly the manner
of the readInt
method, then converting this int
value to a float
in
exactly the manner of the method Float.intBitsToFloat
.
This method is suitable for reading
bytes written by the writeFloat
method of interface DataOutput
.
readFloat
in interface DataInput
readFloat
in interface ImageInputStream
float
value read.
EOFException
- if this stream reaches the end before reading
all the bytes.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.ImageInputStream.getByteOrder()
public double readDouble() throws IOException
DataInput
double
value. It does this
by first constructing a long
value in exactly the manner
of the readlong
method, then converting this long
value to a double
in exactly
the manner of the method Double.longBitsToDouble
.
This method is suitable for reading
bytes written by the writeDouble
method of interface DataOutput
.
readDouble
in interface DataInput
readDouble
in interface ImageInputStream
double
value read.
EOFException
- if this stream reaches the end before reading
all the bytes.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.ImageInputStream.getByteOrder()
public String readLine() throws IOException
DataInput
String
. Note
that because this
method processes bytes,
it does not support input of the full Unicode
character set.
If end of file is encountered
before even one byte can be read, then null
is returned. Otherwise, each byte that is
read is converted to type char
by zero-extension. If the character '\n'
is encountered, it is discarded and reading
ceases. If the character '\r'
is encountered, it is discarded and, if
the following byte converts to the
character '\n'
, then that is
discarded also; reading then ceases. If
end of file is encountered before either
of the characters '\n'
and
'\r'
is encountered, reading
ceases. Once reading has ceased, a String
is returned that contains all the characters
read and not discarded, taken in order.
Note that every character in this string
will have a value less than \u0100
,
that is, (char)256
.
readLine
in interface DataInput
readLine
in interface ImageInputStream
null
if the end of file is
encountered before a byte can be read.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public String readUTF() throws IOException
DataInput
readUTF
is that it reads a representation of a Unicode
character string encoded in modified
UTF-8 format; this string of characters
is then returned as a String
.
First, two bytes are read and used to
construct an unsigned 16-bit integer in
exactly the manner of the readUnsignedShort
method . This integer value is called the
UTF length and specifies the number
of additional bytes to be read. These bytes
are then converted to characters by considering
them in groups. The length of each group
is computed from the value of the first
byte of the group. The byte following a
group, if any, is the first byte of the
next group.
If the first byte of a group
matches the bit pattern 0xxxxxxx
(where x
means "may be 0
or 1
"), then the group consists
of just that byte. The byte is zero-extended
to form a character.
If the first byte
of a group matches the bit pattern 110xxxxx
,
then the group consists of that byte a
and a second byte b
. If there
is no byte b
(because byte
a
was the last of the bytes
to be read), or if byte b
does
not match the bit pattern 10xxxxxx
,
then a UTFDataFormatException
is thrown. Otherwise, the group is converted
to the character:
(char)(((a& 0x1F) << 6) | (b & 0x3F))
If the first byte of a group
matches the bit pattern 1110xxxx
,
then the group consists of that byte a
and two more bytes b
and c
.
If there is no byte c
(because
byte a
was one of the last
two of the bytes to be read), or either
byte b
or byte c
does not match the bit pattern 10xxxxxx
,
then a UTFDataFormatException
is thrown. Otherwise, the group is converted
to the character:
(char)(((a & 0x0F) << 12) | ((b & 0x3F) << 6) | (c & 0x3F))
If the first byte of a group matches the
pattern 1111xxxx
or the pattern
10xxxxxx
, then a UTFDataFormatException
is thrown.
If end of file is encountered
at any time during this entire process,
then an EOFException
is thrown.
After every group has been converted to
a character by this process, the characters
are gathered, in the same order in which
their corresponding groups were read from
the input stream, to form a String
,
which is returned.
The writeUTF
method of interface DataOutput
may be used to write data that is suitable
for reading by this method.
readUTF
in interface DataInput
readUTF
in interface ImageInputStream
EOFException
- if this stream reaches the end
before reading all the bytes.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.
UTFDataFormatException
- if the bytes do not represent a
valid modified UTF-8 encoding of a string.public void readFully(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException
DataInput
len
bytes from
an input stream.
This method blocks until one of the following conditions occurs:
len
bytes
of input data are available, in which case
a normal return is made.
EOFException
is thrown.
IOException
other
than EOFException
is thrown.
If b
is null
,
a NullPointerException
is thrown.
If off
is negative, or len
is negative, or off+len
is
greater than the length of the array b
,
then an IndexOutOfBoundsException
is thrown.
If len
is zero,
then no bytes are read. Otherwise, the first
byte read is stored into element b[off]
,
the next one into b[off+1]
,
and so on. The number of bytes read is,
at most, equal to len
.
readFully
in interface DataInput
readFully
in interface ImageInputStream
b
- the buffer into which the data is read.off
- an int specifying the offset into the data.len
- an int specifying the number of bytes to read.
EOFException
- if this stream reaches the end before reading
all the bytes.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public void readFully(byte[] b) throws IOException
DataInput
b
. The number of bytes
read is equal
to the length of b
.
This method blocks until one of the following conditions occurs:
b.length
bytes of input data are available, in which
case a normal return is made.
EOFException
is thrown.
IOException
other
than EOFException
is thrown.
If b
is null
,
a NullPointerException
is thrown.
If b.length
is zero, then
no bytes are read. Otherwise, the first
byte read is stored into element b[0]
,
the next one into b[1]
, and
so on.
If an exception is thrown from
this method, then it may be that some but
not all bytes of b
have been
updated with data from the input stream.
readFully
in interface DataInput
readFully
in interface ImageInputStream
b
- the buffer into which the data is read.
EOFException
- if this stream reaches the end before reading
all the bytes.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public void readFully(short[] s, int off, int len) throws IOException
ImageInputStream
len
shorts (signed 16-bit integers) from the
stream according to the current byte order, and
stores them into s
starting at index
off
. If the end of the stream is reached, an
EOFException
will be thrown.
The bit offset within the stream is reset to zero before the read occurs.
readFully
in interface ImageInputStream
s
- an array of shorts to be written to.off
- the starting position withinb to write to.len
- the maximum number of short
s to read.
EOFException
- if the stream reaches the end before
reading all the bytes.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public void readFully(char[] c, int off, int len) throws IOException
ImageInputStream
len
chars (unsigned 16-bit integers) from the
stream according to the current byte order, and
stores them into c
starting at index
off
. If the end of the stream is reached, an
EOFException
will be thrown.
The bit offset within the stream is reset to zero before the read occurs.
readFully
in interface ImageInputStream
c
- an array of chars to be written to.off
- the starting position withinb to write to.len
- the maximum number of char
s to read.
EOFException
- if the stream reaches the end before
reading all the bytes.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public void readFully(int[] i, int off, int len) throws IOException
ImageInputStream
len
ints (signed 32-bit integers) from the
stream according to the current byte order, and
stores them into i
starting at index
off
. If the end of the stream is reached, an
EOFException
will be thrown.
The bit offset within the stream is reset to zero before the read occurs.
readFully
in interface ImageInputStream
i
- an array of ints to be written to.off
- the starting position withinb to write to.len
- the maximum number of int
s to read.
EOFException
- if the stream reaches the end before
reading all the bytes.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public void readFully(long[] l, int off, int len) throws IOException
ImageInputStream
len
longs (signed 64-bit integers) from the
stream according to the current byte order, and
stores them into l
starting at index
off
. If the end of the stream is reached, an
EOFException
will be thrown.
The bit offset within the stream is reset to zero before the read occurs.
readFully
in interface ImageInputStream
l
- an array of longs to be written to.off
- the starting position withinb to write to.len
- the maximum number of long
s to read.
EOFException
- if the stream reaches the end before
reading all the bytes.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public void readFully(float[] f, int off, int len) throws IOException
ImageInputStream
len
floats (32-bit IEEE single-precision
floats) from the stream according to the current byte order,
and stores them into f
starting at
index off
. If the end of the stream is reached,
an EOFException
will be thrown.
The bit offset within the stream is reset to zero before the read occurs.
readFully
in interface ImageInputStream
f
- an array of floats to be written to.off
- the starting position withinb to write to.len
- the maximum number of float
s to read.
EOFException
- if the stream reaches the end before
reading all the bytes.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public void readFully(double[] d, int off, int len) throws IOException
ImageInputStream
len
doubles (64-bit IEEE double-precision
floats) from the stream according to the current byte order,
and stores them into d
starting at
index off
. If the end of the stream is reached,
an EOFException
will be thrown.
The bit offset within the stream is reset to zero before the read occurs.
readFully
in interface ImageInputStream
d
- an array of doubles to be written to.off
- the starting position withinb to write to.len
- the maximum number of double
s to read.
EOFException
- if the stream reaches the end before
reading all the bytes.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public long getStreamPosition() throws IOException
ImageInputStream
getStreamPosition
in interface ImageInputStream
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public int getBitOffset() throws IOException
ImageInputStream
readBits
method. A value of 0 indicates the
most-significant bit, and a value of 7 indicates the least
significant bit, of the byte being read.
The bit offset is set to 0 when a stream is first
opened, and is reset to 0 by calls to seek
,
skipBytes
, or any read
or
readFully
method.
getBitOffset
in interface ImageInputStream
int
containing the bit offset between
0 and 7, inclusive.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.ImageInputStream.setBitOffset(int)
public void setBitOffset(int bitOffset) throws IOException
ImageInputStream
getStreamPosition
, is left unchanged.
A value of 0 indicates the
most-significant bit, and a value of 7 indicates the least
significant bit, of the byte being read.
setBitOffset
in interface ImageInputStream
bitOffset
- the desired offset, as an int
between 0 and 7, inclusive.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.ImageInputStream.getBitOffset()
public int readBit() throws IOException
ImageInputStream
int
with the value 0
or
1
. The bit offset is advanced by one and reduced
modulo 8.
readBit
in interface ImageInputStream
int
containing the value 0
or 1
.
EOFException
- if the stream reaches the end before
reading all the bits.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public long readBits(int numBits) throws IOException
ImageInputStream
long
, with the first bit read becoming the most
significant bit of the output. The read starts within the byte
indicated by getStreamPosition
, at the bit given
by getBitOffset
. The bit offset is advanced by
numBits
and reduced modulo 8.
The byte order of the stream has no effect on this method. The return value of this method is constructed as though the bits were read one at a time, and shifted into the right side of the return value, as shown by the following pseudo-code:
long accum = 0L; for (int i = 0; i < numBits; i++) { accum <<= 1; // Shift left one bit to make room accum |= readBit(); }Note that the result of
readBits(32)
may thus not
be equal to that of readInt()
if a reverse network
byte order is being used (i.e., getByteOrder() ==
false
).
If the end of the stream is encountered before all the bits
have been read, an EOFException
is thrown.
readBits
in interface ImageInputStream
numBits
- the number of bits to read, as an int
between 0 and 64, inclusive.
long
with the last bit
read stored in the least significant bit.
EOFException
- if the stream reaches the end before
reading all the bits.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public long length()
-1L
to indicate that the stream has unknown
length. Subclasses must override this method to provide actual
length information.
length
in interface ImageInputStream
public int skipBytes(int n) throws IOException
seek(getStreamPosition() + n)
.
The bit offset is reset to zero.
skipBytes
in interface DataInput
skipBytes
in interface ImageInputStream
n
- the number of bytes to seek forward.
int
representing the number of bytes
skipped.
IOException
- if getStreamPosition
throws an IOException
when computing either
the starting or ending position.public long skipBytes(long n) throws IOException
seek(getStreamPosition() + n)
.
The bit offset is reset to zero.
skipBytes
in interface ImageInputStream
n
- the number of bytes to seek forward.
long
representing the number of bytes
skipped.
IOException
- if getStreamPosition
throws an IOException
when computing either
the starting or ending position.public void seek(long pos) throws IOException
ImageInputStream
An IndexOutOfBoundsException
will be thrown if
pos
is smaller than the flushed position (as
returned by getflushedPosition
).
It is legal to seek past the end of the file; an
EOFException
will be thrown only if a read is
performed.
seek
in interface ImageInputStream
pos
- a long
containing the desired file
pointer position.
IOException
- if any other I/O error occurs.public void mark()
mark
in interface ImageInputStream
public void reset() throws IOException
An IOException
will be thrown if the previous
marked position lies in the discarded portion of the stream.
reset
in interface ImageInputStream
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public void flushBefore(long pos) throws IOException
ImageInputStream
IndexOutOfBoundsException
.
Calling flushBefore
may allow classes
implementing this interface to free up resources such as memory
or disk space that are being used to store data from the
stream.
flushBefore
in interface ImageInputStream
pos
- a long
containing the length of the
file prefix that may be flushed.
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public void flush() throws IOException
ImageInputStream
flushBefore(getStreamPosition())
.
flush
in interface ImageInputStream
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.public long getFlushedPosition()
ImageInputStream
flushBefore
.
getFlushedPosition
in interface ImageInputStream
long
.public boolean isCached()
isCached
in interface ImageInputStream
true
if this ImageInputStream
caches data.ImageInputStream.isCachedMemory()
,
ImageInputStream.isCachedFile()
public boolean isCachedMemory()
isCachedMemory
in interface ImageInputStream
true
if this ImageInputStream
caches data in main memory.ImageInputStream.isCached()
,
ImageInputStream.isCachedFile()
public boolean isCachedFile()
isCachedFile
in interface ImageInputStream
true
if this ImageInputStream
caches data in a temporary file.ImageInputStream.isCached()
,
ImageInputStream.isCachedMemory()
public void close() throws IOException
ImageInputStream
IOException
s or incorrect
behavior. Calling this method may allow classes implementing
this interface to release resources associated with the stream
such as memory, disk space, or file descriptors.
close
in interface ImageInputStream
IOException
- if an I/O error occurs.protected void finalize() throws Throwable
close
method is called to close any open input
source. This method should not be called from application
code.
finalize
in class Object
Throwable
- if an error occurs during superclass
finalization.
|
JavaTM 2 Platform Standard Ed. 5.0 |
|||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
Copyright © 2004, 2010 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Use is subject to license terms. Also see the documentation redistribution policy.


Web & Android Developer
A highly focused software developer with interest experience in a variety of development positions. Organised, methodical and a keen eye for detail results in solid coding and trustworthy software programmes. Understanding client requirements and communicating the progress of projects are core values in achieving long lasting business relationships.
Nairobi
Kasarani
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DfE enquiries
Central newsdesk 020 7783 8300
General enquiries 0370 000 2288
Press release
Councils to receive share of £45 million to prepare for overhaul of special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) support.
Councils are to receive £45 million of new funding to help prepare for the biggest transformation of special educational needs and disabilities support in over 30 years.
The new money will support councils in giving young people and parents greater say over their personalised care and assistance. It will also put in place a new birth-to-25 system for children and young people with special educational needs and disabilities.
The government has also today published a new easier-to-read code of practice , which offers practical advice for councils, schools and hospitals to ensure they are providing the new support for these children and young people.
Children and Families Minister, Edward Timpson, said:
It’s more important than ever that councils put the pedal to the floor and redouble their efforts to make sure all families can benefit from this comprehensive support from September.
Over 2,000 families have been testing our reforms, with many saying that the new rules are already giving them a greater say and more control over how and where they access support.
The additional £45 million we’re giving councils today will help ensure a smooth transition for everyone.
The new code of practice sets out in one place the legal requirements that councils, schools and other organisations that support children and young people with SEND must follow.
Studies have found that the majority of parents piloting the new system feel more empowered and are happier with the services they are receiving. Councils are also making good progress in laying the groundwork for the new system.
The reforms - part of the Children and Families Act - will:
The new code was recently published for consultation, with the overwhelming majority of respondents positive about the new guidance and reporting that it is significantly clearer and accessible. The code will be subject to parliamentary approval. Read the new code of practice .
Read more about the Children and Families Act .
The pathfinder evaluation reports ‘Evaluation of the green paper support contracts’ and ‘Evaluation of the SEND pathfinder programme’ along with examples of education, health and care plans from the local pathfinders are available on the SEND pathfinder website .
Central newsdesk 020 7783 8300
General enquiries 0370 000 2288
Published: 11 June 2014


PayPal halts payment support to PornHub models
(Reuters) - PayPal Holdings Inc said on Thursday it had stopped payment support to PornHub’s models after it found the adult entertainment website made certain payments without the permission of the payment processor.
“Following a review, we have discovered that PornHub has made certain business payments through PayPal without seeking our permission. We have taken action to stop these transactions from occurring,” PayPal said in an email statement.
PornHub, owned by Luxembourg-headquartered company MindGeek, said it was “devastated by PayPal’s decision to stop payouts to over a hundred thousand performers who rely on them for their livelihoods”.
MindGeek did not respond to a Reuters request for comment.
(This story corrects paragraph 3 to say company is headquartered in “Luxembourg”, not “Canada”)


Despite Gold Prices Rallying, Why Is Freeport-McMoRan Set To Lose >60% Of Its Gold Revenue?
by Trefis TeamThough global gold prices have witnessed a healthy increase from about $1,200 per ounce in the beginning of 2019 to over $1,500/ounce in October 2019, Freeport-McMoRan (NYSE: FCX) is expected to see its revenue from gold sales decrease by more than 60% in 2019, primarily driven by a 67% decline in gold shipments.You can view the Trefis interactive dashboard – How Much Gold Revenue Could Freeport-McMoRan Lose In 2019? – to understand the movement in gold revenues. You can alter the key assumptions to arrive at your own estimates for the company’s shipments, prices, and gold revenue.
Division Overview
What is on Offer?
- Freeport-McMoRan is engaged in gold mining, which contributed about 15% of company’s total revenue in 2018.
- Freeport’s gold operations are almost wholly concentrated at the Grasberg mine in Indonesia.
- The company also produces gold as a by-product in its North and South American copper operations.
End Use?
- Gold is used in jewelry and certain sensitive electronics industries. It is also used for investment purposes.
Competition?
The company faces intense competition in its gold division from other major miners such as: Barrick Gold, Newmont Mining, and Anglo Ashanti.
Gold Revenue Trend
- Freeport is likely to be the only major gold mining company which would not be able to take advantage of higher gold prices this year.
- Freeport’s gold revenues are expected to decrease from $2.86 billion in 2018 to $1.02 billion in 2019, marking a drop of 64% in a year.
Are the company’s copper and molybdenum segments also seeing a sharp drop in revenues? To understand how the other operating divisions of the company are performing, refer to the following Trefis analysis- Freeport-McMoRan Revenues: How Does Freeport-McMoRan Make Money?
Shipments
- The Grasberg mine in Indonesia, which is the world’s largest gold mine, contributes almost all of Freeport’s gold production.
- With the ongoing 2-year transition process (which began in December 2018), under which Grasberg is being transitioned from an open pit mine to an underground one, gold production attributable to the company is going to be negligible until the end of 2020.
- Furthermore, most of this negligible output would be a by-product from the American copper mines.
- Shipments for the first nine months of 2019 were 0.67 million ounces.
- For the full year, gold shipments are projected to be close to 0.8 million ounces in 2019, reflecting a decline of 67% from 2.4 million ounces recorded in 2018.
Price Realization
- Gold price realization decreased in 2018 due to rising interest rates during the year.
- However, with increased retail and institutional investment in gold since December 2018, in the face of rising global economic uncertainty, gold prices have been on an upswing since the beginning of 2019.
- Price per ounce has increased by almost $300, from $1,200/ounce in December 2018 to over $1,500 in October 2019.
- With three interest rate cuts in 2019 and with expectations of possibly more to follow, global gold prices have remained elevated.
- The company’s price realization per ounce of gold is set to increase in 2019.
Refer to the following Trefis analysis to understand the gold price movement over the last 50 years- Gold Prices: 50-Year Price Performance And Production-Demand Analysis
Conclusion
Higher gold price is expected to be more than offset by a whopping 67% decline in shipments for 2019. Thus, a sharp drop in production and volume sales due to the Grasberg transition is set to make a dent of over $1.8 billion in Freeport’s gold revenue base in 2019, marking a revenue decline of 64% in a year.
As per Freeport-McMoRan’s Valuation by Trefis, we have a price estimate of $13 per share for FCX’s stock.
What’s behind Trefis? See How It’s Powering New Collaboration and What-Ifs For CFOs and Finance Teams| Product, R&D, and Marketing Teams More Trefis Data Like our charts? Explore example interactive dashboards and create your own


Class: Aws::CloudWatch::Types::MetricStreamStatisticsConfiguration
| Relationships & Source Files | |
| Super Chains via Extension / Inclusion / Inheritance | |
|
Class Chain:
self,
Struct
|
|
|
Instance Chain:
self,
::Aws::Structure ,
Struct
|
|
| Inherits: |
Struct
|
| Defined in: | gems/aws-sdk-cloudwatch/lib/aws-sdk-cloudwatch/types.rb |
Overview
By default, a metric stream always sends the MAX
, MIN
, SUM
, and
SAMPLECOUNT
statistics for each metric that is streamed. This
structure contains information for one metric that includes additional
statistics in the stream. For more information about statistics, see
::Aws::CloudWatch
, listed in ::Aws::CloudWatch
statistics definitions.
Constant Summary
Instance Attribute Summary
-
#additional_statistics ⇒ Array<String>
rw
The list of additional statistics that are to be streamed for the metrics listed in the
IncludeMetrics
array in this structure. -
#include_metrics ⇒ Array<Types::MetricStreamStatisticsMetric>
rw
An array of metric name and namespace pairs that stream the additional statistics listed in the value of the
AdditionalStatistics
parameter.
Instance Method Summary
::Aws::Structure
- Included
| #to_hash | Alias for Structure#to_h. |
Instance Attribute Details
#additional_statistics ⇒ Array
<String
> (rw)
The list of additional statistics that are to be streamed for the
metrics listed in the IncludeMetrics
array in this structure. This
list can include as many as 20 statistics.
If the OutputFormat
for the stream is opentelemetry0.7
, the only
valid values are p??
percentile statistics such as p90
, p99
and so on.
If the OutputFormat
for the stream is json
, the valid values
include the abbreviations for all of the statistics listed in
::Aws::CloudWatch
statistics definitions. For example, this includes
tm98,
wm90
, PR(:300)
, and so on.
# File 'gems/aws-sdk-cloudwatch/lib/aws-sdk-cloudwatch/types.rb', line 3080
class MetricStreamStatisticsConfiguration < Struct.new( :include_metrics, :additional_statistics) SENSITIVE = [] include Aws::Structure end
#include_metrics ⇒ Array
<Types::MetricStreamStatisticsMetric> (rw)
An array of metric name and namespace pairs that stream the
additional statistics listed in the value of the
AdditionalStatistics
parameter. There can be as many as 100 pairs
in the array.
All metrics that match the combination of metric name and namespace will be streamed with the additional statistics, no matter their dimensions.
# File 'gems/aws-sdk-cloudwatch/lib/aws-sdk-cloudwatch/types.rb', line 3080
class MetricStreamStatisticsConfiguration < Struct.new( :include_metrics, :additional_statistics) SENSITIVE = [] include Aws::Structure end


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First of all check how much memory you have left : mehdi@MPourhadi ~/> free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 5968 5630 337 64 116 1038 -/+ buffers/cache: 4475 1492 Swap: 6139 56 6083 now issue the the command "sync" to flush the file system buffer. then change your root user. For Debian-base users : "sudo bash" and for RPM packages "su or su -" when you are root user issue the following command and see the diffrence : root@MPourhadi:~/# echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches NOTE : echo 1 is for free pagecache echo 2 is for free dentries and inodes echo 3 is 1+2 root@MPourhadi:~/# free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 5968 4399 1568 60 2 318 -/+ buffers/cache: 4078 1889 Swap: 6139 56 6083


Delicious
THE BEST FOOD BLOG ON THE WEB
Chocolate Pizza
POSTED ON 15 DEC 2013/DESSERTS
For the fig-swirl: Melt butter over medium heat on a saucepan. Add brown sugar and stir to dissolve. Halve all of the figs and toss in the saucepan with water and lemon juice. Cook over medium heat, stirring frequently, until you have a chunky-jammy mixture. Add salt with one or two stirs, set aside and accesskey let it cool completely.
Ice cream: In a small pot over medium heat, combine milk and granulated sugar until sugar is completely dissolved and the milk is just barely lukewarm. Whisk in the egg yolks. Set mixture in the fridge and wait until the fig mixture is cooled.
Using an icecream machine, pour liquids into the frozen basin and process according to manufacturer instructions, i.e., let spin and thicken for 20 minutes before adding mascarpone, fig jam mixture, and the nuts. Continue to process for +/- 10 minutes. Pour semi-frozen mixture into a purex dish or glass tupperware. Freeze for at least two hours before serving.
Vanessa Stevenson
Food enthusiast, photography fan. Add a pinch of raw foodism and that's pretty much who I am.
Delicious © 2013 • All Rights Reserved.
Proudly Published with Ghost.


The
Other Side
A Story of Racial Inequality in America
"Sitting at the table doesn't make you a diner, unless you eat some of what's on that plate. Being here in America doesn't make you an American...
I'm not an American. I'm one of the twenty-two million black people who are the victims of Americanism."
– Malcolm X
The state of American politics rests amidst a strange equilibrium: cognizant of nation-wide, structural issues, but incapable of enacting targeted reforms. The past years' discussions surrounding criminal justice were no exception. While most can identify what terms like systemic racism entail in the abstract, hardly anyone can grasp the scope of how far structural injustice pervades every American institution. This project aims to pull that curtain back: to examine the legislative causes and symptoms of systemic racism in the United States.
This is a look into the other side of America.
The first component of systemic racism is its most visible—the racial wealth gap. While white colonists were able to accumulate wealth throughout the early history of the United States, Black families were prohibited from profiting off of their labor. The result is a centuries-long cap on the economic growth of Black communities.
This ceiling was created by 246 years of chattel slavery, which erased the ability for African Americans to accumulate lifetime wealth. Even after its abolishment, incidents like Tulsa's Greenwood District Massacre and the collapse of the Freedman's Savings Bank undermined economic recovery. Such tragedies were amplified by discriminatory federal legislation—like the G.I. Bill, the New Deal's protection extemptions, and Jim Crow segregation
1
—stifling any opportunities to acquire wealth until the early '90s.
Wealth was taken from these communities before they had a chance to earn it.
One of the symptoms of the racial wealth gap is the lack of generational wealth in African-American communities. Black families not only have less wealth compared to white households, but also inherit less. White households are twice as likely to receive an inheritance; and on average, an inheritance increases a white household's net wealth by $104,000, compared to only $4,000 among Black ones. 2
The disparity is a result of deliberate legislation, not chance. Even after slavery was abolished, racial stigma and segregationist laws locked Black workers out of employment opportunities. The 19th century's physical shackles evolved into the 20th century's Jim Crow laws.
Less overt forms of economic inequality in employment exist to this day. Black men earn less then equally qualified white men across all occupations; in fact, they're the only racial group that does not achieve occupational parity at any level. (They only earn 87 cents for every dollar a white man earns. ) This institutionalized inequality also contributes to the devaluation of Black households, which are worth 60% less than their white counterparts. 3
Unemployment rates are equally skewed. Prior to the 2020 recession, 5.8% of Black Americans were unemployed, compared to only 3.1% of whites. 4 Disparities in employment outcomes become permanent over time. 20.8% of African Americans fall below the national poverty line annually—that's 12.7% more than their white peers. 5
The racial wealth gap is only one part of the story. Post-abolition, government-sponsored housing segregation stunted the economic recovery of Black communities. From the 1930's onwards, banks often dliberately denied mortages to people of color. This practice—dubbed "redlining" for its colored markers—created cities capable of segregation sans overt enforcement. The results were devastating: Black communities lost out on $212,000 per household in personal wealth. 6
The legacy of redlining is painfully visible to this day. It's the reason Black communities are often crowded into under-developed areas of urban landscapes, where job opportunities, educational facilities, and public services barely exist. Meanwhile, majority-white communities thrive in the suburbs, in areas that were inaccessible to Black people until the 21st century.
Redlining might be a relatively known phenomenon, but its impacts on Black communities are far more insidious—and covert.  Because of decades-old redlining, over 50% of children are still forced into segregated schools, where over 75% of students are either white or non-white.
In addition, because of the devaluation of Black property via property taxes, non-white schools are terminally behind their counterparts. School districts that serve predominantly students of color receive $23 billion less in funding than mostly white school districts, despite serving the same amount of students.
7
That funding disparity decides the fate of millions of young students each year. Graduation rates for Black students are 5% lower than their white counterparts 8 , and college enrollment rates follow a similar trend.
The consequences of housing discrimination don't stop at schooling. Redlining is also responsible for the existence of food deserts: areas where healthy meal options are inaccessible for miles. These urban pockets are devoid of fresh produce or nutritional options, instead favoring pre-packaged junk.
The result is a disturbing inequalities in health outcomes: Black Americans are 51% more likely to be obese, as compared to their white counterparts.
9
(Perhaps even more unbelievably, only 8% of African-Americans live in a census tract with a supermarket.)
10
Perhaps the most sinister effect of redlining is its invisible perpetuation of environmental racism. In the 1900's, local governments refused to invest in parks and other natural resources, creating adverse health outcomes in Black neighborhoods. Black children in America are twice as likely to develop asthma as their peers, and African-American neighborhoods are exposed to 50% more pollution than white ones.
11
Minority communities were also deliberately placed next to dangerous pollution centers. Majority-Black housing is often situated much closer to oil wells and production plants—exposing Black people to 1.5 times more particulate matter than whites.
12
Wealth, housing, schooling, nutrition—all these institutions are products of systemic racism, not its source. But the origin of institutional inequality in the United States is criminal justice: an institution designed to keep Black Americans enslaved since its inception.
In 1838, America's police force was created to capture fugitive slaves and return them to the horrors of the plantation; and even in the 21st century, its effect remains the same among Black communities. People of color in America are executed by police departments almost every single day. George Floyd, Tamir Rice, Rashad Brooks, Treyvon Martin, Breonna Taylor, Atatiana Jefferson—the names go on and on.
Policing in America is broken. Yet, for many, its dangers are not readily apparent.  Yet, they're 1.3 times more likely to be unarmed. 10% of the country's largest police departments kill Black people at a higher rate than the national murder rate.
13
Black males are 5 times as likely to be stopped by the police for no apparent reason as whites.
14
They're also 6 times more likely to be targed by stop-and-frisk policies.
15
About 1 in every 1000 Black men can expect to be killed by the police.
16
In some areas of the country, police kill Black people at a rate six times higher than they target whites.
17
Less than 1% of police officers involved in such cases are ever convicted.
18
Police brutality is just one symptom of a structurally racist criminal justice system. Incarceration rates rates are equally skewed.
Not only are Black Americans more likely to be racially profiled by the police, they're also more likely to be convicted of crimes they didn't commit. African Americans are incarcerated in state prisons across the country at more than 5 times the rate of whites.
19
In 2014, more than 2.3 million Black males were part of the prison population. In fact, 1 in every 3 Black males born today will go to prison at some point in their lives.
20
Thanks to three-strikes legislation, the War on Drugs, and manatory minimums, Black males are also more likely to have a criminal record than everything from a bachelor's degree to military service.
21
But the results of mass incarceration stretch far beyond the sentence itself—and they're often covert as well. Black males with criminal records are often disqualified from employment, health insurance, and gun ownership, effectively relegating them to a second-class citizen. Convicted felons also lose the right to vote in most states, erasing any potential for reform. Almost 7.4% of the adult Black population is disenfranchised, compared to 1.8% of the rest of the country. That's 1 in 13 Black Americans who will never be able to vote again. 22
As with every other facet of systemic inequality in America, mass incarceration is also a product of racial stigma—in this case, in sentencing disparities.  Unfortunately, education's only part of the path to ending systemic racism. Even if we know about the oft-hidden dangers of being Black in America, progress requires our unending vigilance.
However, there are other ways that you can support the cause. Consider donating either your time or resources, or supporting Black-owned businesses.
You can also sign petitions to pressure your local government into instituting reform.
To further educate yourself, try looking into what allyship means,
the work of Black activists,
or a reading list for anti-racist action.
This was the story of the other side of America. Only time will tell whether it remains true or not.


explore objects by type
// Load gearbox model, navigate objects by type, using xray effect for emphasis


THE WORLD IS NOT ENOUGH
Review by John Beachem
* *
Directed by: Michael Apted Written by: Neal Purvis (story), Robert Wade
Well my friends, it's official, James Bond is obsolete. The once suave secret agent has become little more than another goofy action hero. His gadgets are no longer impressive, his banter is childish, and his once interesting adversaries have been reduced to petty thugs. "The World is not Enough" should be a sad conclusion to what is possibly the greatest spy series of all time, but we all know that it won't end here. Bond won't be allowed to leave on this sad note. He'll suffer through four or five more films before exiting on an even sadder note. The Bond franchise is dead, and it should be buried, but like everything in Hollywood ("Star Trek", every horror series ever made) it will continue to be milked till reduced to a dried out husk of a film. Such is the way of things (sorry, I'm feeling strangely philosophical).
Bond (Pierce Brosnan) is back, and this time he's protecting oil tycoon, Elektra King (Sophie Marceau), from a villain named Renard (Robert Carlyle). Bond seeks the aid of Valentin Zukovsky (Robbie Coltrane), an ex-KGB agent who is now a Casino owner, in finding out just what Renard is planning. Bond's search soon leads him to a plot involving nuclear weapons and a young, beautiful scientist named Dr. Christmas Jones (Denise Richards). Renard strikes first, kidnapping Bond's boss, M (Judi Dench), and setting a bomb off at MI6 headquarters. However, just when Bond thinks he has things figured out, it turns out that nothing is what it seems.
Remember Bond's once witty exchanges with both his enemies and companions? Well, this is what they have now been reduced to: says "I need to get that back or someone's going to have my butt." Bond's response? "First things first." Very clever Mr. Bond, for a teenager perhaps. While we listen to these juvenile comments, we're treated to some of Q's (Desmond Llewelyn) famous gadgets. As everyone knows, Q's gadgets have only one use, yet Bond always ends up in a situation which requires them. However, they're really pushing it when they find a use for one of the devices here. It would appear that Q has gotten a bit too old for this business, and they have brought in a replacement named R (John Cleese). I personally believe that bringing John Cleese in was a brilliant idea. Cleese is a great comic actor, and should provide some much needed comic relief now that Bond has lost all of his wit.
As for the Bond girls, Sophie Marceau ("Braveheart", "A Midsummer Night's Dream") is adequate I suppose, but Denise Richards (while certainly nice to look at) couldn't act to save her life. In addition to her lack of talent, she has films such as "Starship Troopers" and "Wild Things" under her belt, which immediately destroy any chance of her being taken seriously. The reappearance of Robbie Coltrane ("Message in a Bottle", "Goldeneye") is certainly welcome, but something was done with his character that was completely uneccesary, but I suppose I can't complain about that one instance too much, as the entire film was rather unecessary. The largest disappointment here is the character of Renard. The previews for the film constantly bring up the fact that he is incapable of feeling pain, and he can drive himself harder and faster than any other man. Nothing whatsoever is done with this talent of his. Renard is nothing more than a petty little thug, who appears to feel pain just as easily as anyone else but can't push himself nearly as hard as Bond can.
So the question, is how can the Bond franchise be rejuvenated? I'm not entirely sure that it can. Bond's anitcs simply seem out of place in this day and age. People want explosions, gunfire, and lots of action. While Bond may contain these elements, they are not in sufficient quantity to satisfy most people. The problem is that rather than ending the series, the geniuses and MGM have decided to change Bond's image in a manner that is not welcome. "The World is not Enough" would already have been a bad film, but it appears even worse when compared to previous films in the franchise. The movie runs far too long at 127 minutes. Unless you're desperate for a new James Bond film, I'd recommend steering clear of this one. Even if you are desperate, I'd suggest waiting for video. I give it two out of five stars.
Comments? Feel free to e-mail them to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>For past reviews, movie news, and other fun stuff, visit: http://www.dependentfilms.net
* * * * * - One of the greatest movies ever made, see it now. * * * * - Great flick. Try and catch this one. * * * - Okay movie, hits and misses. * * - Pretty bad. See it if you've got nothing better to do. * - One of the worst movies ever. See it only if you enjoy pain.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
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belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block title %}Welcome{% endblock %} {% block content %} {% if user.is_staff %}
{% else %} {% if not user.is_authenticated %}Your username and password didn't match. Please try again.
{% endif %}Login to edit your registration details
If you already initiated your registration process, you can now check or modify your registration by logging in to the conference account that was created for you when you initially registered.If you want to register for CRiSIS please follow the link above to initiate your registration process.
Registration covers full access to the conference presentations, including tutorials, participant kit, lunch and coffee breaks during the three conference days, and social events (including banquet).
Late Registration Fees
(starting: 20 August 2011)
| Regular | IEEE Member | Full-time Student | IEEE Student Member |
|---|---|---|---|
| 375 EUR | 325 EUR | 160 EUR | 150 EUR |


Written by Chris Lattner
Alias Analysis (or Pointer Analysis) is a technique which attempts to determine whether or not two pointers ever can point to the same object in memory. Traditionally, Alias Analyses respond to a query with either a Must, May, or No alias response, indicating that two pointers do point to the same object, might point to the same object, or are known not to point to the same object.
The AliasAnalysis class is the centerpiece of the LLVM Alias Analysis related infrastructure. This class is the common interface between clients of alias analysis information and the implementations providing it. In addition to simple alias analysis information, this class exposes Mod/Ref information from those implementations which can provide it, allowing for powerful analyses and transformations to work well together.
This document contains information necessary to successfully implement this interface, use it, and to test both sides. It also explains some of the finer points about what exactly results mean. If you feel that something is unclear or should be added, please let me know.
The AliasAnalysis class defines the interface that Alias Analysis implementations should support. This class exports two important enums: AliasResult and ModRefResult which represent the result of an alias query or a mod/ref query, respectively.
The AliasAnalysis interface exposes information about memory, represented in several different ways. In particular, memory objects are represented as a starting address and size, and function calls are represented as the actual call or invoke instructions that performs the call. The AliasAnalysis interface also exposes some helper methods which allow you to get mod/ref information for arbitrary instructions.
Most importantly, the AliasAnalysis class provides several methods which are used to query whether or not pointers alias, whether function calls can modify or read memory, etc.
Representing memory objects as a starting address and a size is critically important for precise Alias Analyses. For example, consider this (silly) C code:
int i; char C[2]; char A[10]; /* ... */ for (i = 0; i != 10; ++i) { C[0] = A[i]; /* One byte store */ C[1] = A[9-i]; /* One byte store */ }
In this case, the basicaa pass will disambiguate the stores to C[0] and C[1] because they are accesses to two distinct locations one byte apart, and the accesses are each one byte. In this case, the LICM pass can use store motion to remove the stores from the loop. In constrast, the following code:
int i; char C[2]; char A[10]; /* ... */ for (i = 0; i != 10; ++i) { ((short*)C)[0] = A[i]; /* Two byte store! */ C[1] = A[9-i]; /* One byte store */ }
In this case, the two stores to C do alias each other, because the access to the &C[0] element is a two byte access. If size information wasn't available in the query, even the first case would have to conservatively assume that the accesses alias.
An Alias Analysis implementation can return one of three responses: MustAlias, MayAlias, and NoAlias. The No and May alias results are obvious: if the two pointers may never equal each other, return NoAlias, if they might, return MayAlias.
The Must Alias response is trickier though. In LLVM, the Must Alias response may only be returned if the two memory objects are guaranteed to always start at exactly the same location. If two memory objects overlap, but do not start at the same location, MayAlias must be returned.
The getModRefInfo methods return information about whether the execution of an instruction can read or modify a memory location. Mod/Ref information is always conservative: if an action may read a location, Ref is returned.
Writing a new alias analysis implementation for LLVM is quite straight-forward. There are already several implementations that you can use for examples, and the following information should help fill in any details. For a minimal example, take a look at the no-aa implementation.
The first step to determining what type of LLVM pass you need to use for your Alias Analysis. As is the case with most other analyses and transformations, the answer should be fairly obvious from what type of problem you are trying to solve:
In addition to the pass that you subclass, you should also inherit from the AliasAnalysis interface, of course, and use the RegisterAnalysisGroup template to register as an implementation of AliasAnalysis.
Your subclass of AliasAnalysis is required to invoke two methods on the AliasAnalysis base class: getAnalysisUsage and InitializeAliasAnalysis. In particular, your implementation of getAnalysisUsage should explicitly call into the AliasAnalysis::getAnalysisUsage method in addition to doing any declaring any pass dependencies your pass has. Thus you should have something like this:
void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const { AliasAnalysis::getAnalysisUsage(AU); // declare your dependencies here. }
Additionally, your must invoke the InitializeAliasAnalysis method from your analysis run method (run for a Pass, runOnFunction for a FunctionPass, runOnBasicBlock for a BasicBlockPass, or InitializeAliasAnalysis for an ImmutablePass). For example (as part of a Pass):
bool run(Module &M) { InitializeAliasAnalysis(this); // Perform analysis here... return false; }
All of the AliasAnalysis virtual methods default to providing conservatively correct information (returning "May" Alias and "Mod/Ref" for alias and mod/ref queries respectively). Depending on the capabilities of the analysis you are implementing, you just override the interfaces you can improve.
With only two special exceptions (the basicaa and no-aa passes) every alias analysis pass should chain to another alias analysis implementation (for example, you could specify "-basic-aa -ds-aa -andersens-aa -licm" to get the maximum benefit from the three alias analyses). To do this, simply "Require" AliasAnalysis in your getAnalysisUsage method, and if you need to return a conservative MayAlias or Mod/Ref result, simply chain to a lower analysis.
From the LLVM perspective, the only thing you need to do to provide an efficient alias analysis is to make sure that alias analysis queries are serviced quickly. The actual calculation of the alias analysis results (the "run" method) is only performed once, but many (perhaps duplicate) queries may be performed. Because of this, try to move as much computation to the run method as possible (within reason).
There are several different ways to use alias analysis results. In order of preference, these are...
The load-vn pass uses alias analysis to provide value numbering information for load instructions. If your analysis or transformation can be modelled in a form that uses value numbering information, you don't have to do anything special to handle load instructions: just use the load-vn pass, which uses alias analysis.
Many transformations need information about alias sets that are active in some scope, rather than information about pairwise aliasing. The AliasSetTracker class is used to efficiently build these Alias Sets from the pairwise alias analysis information provided by the AliasAnalysis interface.
First you initialize the AliasSetTracker by use the "add" methods to add information about various potentially aliasing instructions in the scope you are interested in. Once all of the alias sets are completed, your pass should simply iterate through the constructed alias sets, using the AliasSetTracker begin()/end() methods.
The AliasSets formed by the AliasSetTracker are guaranteed to be disjoint, calculate mod/ref information for the set, and keep track of whether or not all of the pointers in the set are Must aliases. The AliasSetTracker also makes sure that sets are properly folded due to call instructions, and can provide a list of pointers in each set.
As an example user of this, the Loop Invariant Code Motion pass uses AliasSetTrackers to build alias information about each loop nest. If an AliasSet in a loop is not modified, then all load instructions from that set may be hoisted out of the loop. If any alias sets are stored and are must alias sets, then the stores may be sunk to outside of the loop. Both of these transformations obviously only apply if the pointer argument is loop-invariant.
As a last resort, your pass could use the AliasAnalysis interface directly to service your pass. If you find the need to do this, please let me know so I can see if something new needs to be added to LLVM.
If you're going to be working with the AliasAnalysis infrastructure, there are several nice tools that may be useful for you and are worth knowing about...
The -no-aa analysis is just like what it sounds: an alias analysis that never returns any useful information. This pass can be useful if you think that alias analysis is doing something wrong and are trying to narrow down a problem. If you don't specify an alias analysis, the default will be to use the basicaa pass which does quite a bit of disambiguation on its own.
The -print-alias-sets pass is exposed as part of the analyze tool to print out the Alias Sets formed by the AliasSetTracker class. This is useful if you're using the AliasSetTracker.
The -count-aa pass is useful to see how many queries a particular pass is making and what kinds of responses are returned by the alias analysis. An example usage is:
$ opt -basicaa -count-aa -ds-aa -count-aa -licm
Which will print out how many queries (and what responses are returned) by the -licm pass (of the -ds-aa pass) and how many queries are made of the -basicaa pass by the -ds-aa pass. This can be useful when evaluating an alias analysis for precision.
The -aa-eval pass simply iterates through all pairs of pointers in a function and asks an alias analysis whether or not the pointers alias. This gives an indication of the precision of the alias analysis. Statistics are printed.


--- title: Pirate Bay trial, Episode Two date: '2009-04-17 18:07:29 +0200' date_gmt: '2009-04-17 16:07:29 +0200' categories: - General tags: - tweets - web - design - development ---
Looking forward to the Pirate Bay trial, Episode Two


What Are 6 Primitive Data Types in JavaScript?
More technical interview questions
Primitive Data Types in JavaScript
There are six (6) types considered primitive types, which have no methods of their own and are not objects. These are:
- Boolean — true or false
- Null — no value
- Undefined — a declared variable but hasn’t been given a value
- Number — integers, floats, etc
- String — an array of characters i.e words
- Symbol — a unique value that's not equal to any other value


{% extends "admin/file/list.html" %} {% import 'admin/model/row_actions.html' as row_actions with context %} {% block list_row_actions scoped %} {{ super() }} {% if admin_view.can_restore %} {% endif %} {% endblock %}


Notebook for
Dead Poets Society: Final Script
dailyscript.com
Front Matter
Highlight (yellow) - Location 118
"Gather ye rosebuds while ye may." The Latin term for that sentiment is Carpe Diem.
Highlight (yellow) - Location 119
Carpe Diem. That's "seize the day."
Highlight (yellow) - Location 133
Carpe Diem. Seize the day boys, make your lives extraordinary.
Highlight (yellow) - Location 211
Now in my class you will learn to think for yourselves again. You will learn to savor words and language. No matter what anybody tells you, words and ideas can change the world.
Highlight (yellow) - Location 216
We don't read and write poetry because it's cute. We read and write poetry because we are members of the human race.  Medicine, law, business, engineering, these are all noble pursuits, and necessary to sustain life. But poetry, beauty, romance, love, these are what we stay alive for.
Highlight (yellow) - Location 219
quote from Whitman: "O me, o life of the questions of these recurring, of the endless trains of the faithless, of cities filled with the foolish. What good amid these, o me, o life? Answer: that you are here. That life exists, and identity. That the powerful play goes on, and you may contribute a verse. That the powerful play goes on and you may contribute a verse.
Highlight (yellow) - Location 231
KEATING But only in their dreams can man be truly free. 'Twas always thus, and always thus will be.
Highlight (yellow) - Location 306
"I went to the woods because I wanted to live deliberately.  CHARLIE I'll second that. NEIL "To put to rout all that was not life, and not, when I had come to die, discover that I had not lived.
Highlight (yellow) - Location 368
I stand upon my desk to remind yourself that we must constantly look at things in a different way.
Highlight (yellow) - Location 372
Just when you think you know something, you have to look at it in another way. Even though it may seem silly or wrong, you must try! Now, when you read, don't just consider what the author thinks. Consider what you think.
Highlight (yellow) - Location 548
I brought them up here to illustrate the point of conformity: the difficulty in maintaining your own beliefs in the face of others.  Well, ask yourselves why you were clapping. Now, we all have a great need for acceptance. But you must trust that your beliefs are unique, your own, even though others may think them odd or unpopular, even though the herd may go, "That's baaaaad." Robert Frost said, "Two roads diverged in a wood and I, I took the one less traveled by, and that has made all the difference." Now,
Highlight (yellow) - Location 673
Sucking the marrow out of life doesn't mean choking on the bone. Sure there's a time for daring and there's a time for caution, and a wise man understands which is called for.


Method
|
Handmade Summary
|
Rough Segmentation
- Segment video in time:
- Compute pixel difference between consecutive frames
- Diff < Threshold (200) defines draw_start and draw_end time
- Diff (frame at draw_start - frame at draw_end) = object
- Segment trasncript into sentences with t_start and t_end
- Vertially layout objects and sentences according to starting times.
|
Y-pos clustering
- Cluster objects from previous method by y-position of centroid, using meanshift algorithm
- Vertically layout clustered object and sentences according to starting time
|
Finer Segmentation
- Remove mouse pointer, count foreground pixel in each frame
- Draw start when current foreground pixel > maximum foreground pixel up to now
- Draw end when current foreground pixel = previous foreground pixel
- Segment using draw start and draw end time
|
Finer Segmentation + Center Y-pos clustering
- Cluster objects by center y pos using meanshift algorithm
- Vertically layout clustered object and sentences according to starting time
|
Finer Segmentation + Bottom Y-pos clustering
- Cluster objects by bottom y pos using meanshift algorithm
- Vertically layout clustered object and sentences according to starting time
|
Finer Segmentation + Time clustering
- Cluster objects by draw end time using meanshift algorithm
- Vertically layout clustered object and sentences according to starting time
|
Finer Segmentation + Y-Pos and Time clustering
- Cluster objects by draw end time + bottom y pos using meanshift algorithm
- Vertically layout clustered object and sentences according to starting time
|
Finer Segmentation + Y-Pos clustering using bandwidth = 2*average height of strokes
- Cluster objects by bottom y pos using meanshift algorithm
- Vertically layout clustered object and sentences according to starting time
|
Finer Segmentation + end_time clustering using bandwidth = 5*average duration of strokes
- Cluster objects by end_time using meanshift algorithm
- Vertically layout clustered object and sentences according to starting time
|
Finer Segmentation + Time Gap (Threshold = 5*avg duration of strokes) + Line-by Line clustering
- If time gap between consecutive strokes > threshold, cluster into separate groups
- Cluster groups once again into lines
- Vertically layout clustered object and sentences according to starting time
- For each line, show everything that is in the same line and came before
|


The Qminder Javascript API library, supporting both Node.js (from 5.12.0) and browsers.
The API is written in Typescript and provides Typescript declaration files alongside the Javascript code.
This package is set up in a way that you should be able to simply use the following code to include Qminder API in your project:
var Qminder = require('qminder-api');
Alternatively, using ES6 import
syntax:
import * as Qminder from 'qminder-api';
Before starting to use API methods, it's necessary to provide your API key to the Qminder API.
The API key can be found in Qminder Dashboard under Account Setup.
// This line of code needs to be before any other API calls, otherwise you get an error!
Qminder.setKey('COPIED_API_KEY_GOES_HERE');
The functionality of Qminder API is grouped under different Services. For example, to work with
visitors in the Qminder queue, you should use Qminder.tickets
.
Qminder API services are built based on Promises. This means that Qminder API can be
used with await
keywords in modern Javascript and .then()
callbacks in ES5.
Unless specifically mentioned otherwise, the API code examples are written using modern Javascript (ES2015) standards. To write code according to modern JS standards, use latest versions of Node.js, or in the browser, compile to an older version of Javascript.
Here's a list of things you can do with the Qminder API:
Qminder.devices
: List and manage Apple TVs attached to a location.Qminder.events
: Listen to realtime events of your location and perform actions when they occur.Qminder.lines
: List, create or remove lines in a location.Qminder.locations
: Get information about the current location.Qminder.tickets
: Query visitor data, search for visitors, modify visitor properties, put
them back in the queue, automatically label your visitors and more.Qminder.users
: Create and manage users, their permissions and user information.Qminder.webhooks
: Create and remove webhooks.An example Web project has been included under examples/list_of_locations
.
Another example for Node.js has been included in examples/search-tickets.js
.
Some example GraphQL queries have been included in examples/graphql
.
Generated using TypeDoc


St Mark's closed as water again invades Venice, rain lashes Italy
VENICE: Venice's St Mark's Square was closed on Sunday (Nov 17) as the historic city suffered its third major flooding in less than a week, while rain lashing the rest of Italy prompted warnings in Florence and Pisa.
Venice's latest "acqua alta", or high water, hit 150cm on Sunday, lower than Tuesday's 187cm - the highest level in half a century - but still dangerous.
"The water has stopped rising," tweeted mayor Luigi Brugnaro, who has estimated damage so far from the invading salt water at more than €1 billion.
"High of 150cm ... Venice is working to restart," Brugnaro said after the sea water swamped the already devastated city where authorities have declared a state of emergency.
READ: Italy declares state of emergency in Venice after flood
To the south, Tuscany president Enrico Rossi tweeted a warning of a "flood wave" on the Arno and said boards were being installed on the swollen river's banks in Pisa "as a precautionary measure".
The Italian army tweeted photos of paratroopers helping to bolster river defences in Pisa, with authorities monitoring the same river in Florence after heavy rain made it rise dramatically overnight.
Arno flooding devastated Renaissance jewel Florence in 1966, killing around 100 people and destroying thousands of priceless works of art. Civil protection units in Florence advised citizens "not to stand near the Arno's riverbanks".
Firefighters tweeted footage of a hovercraft being deployed to rescue stranded citizens in southern Tuscany's Grossetano province.
BRIEF RESPITE
The renewed threat from exceptionally high tides in Venice came after a brief respite on Saturday.
Emergency workers removed temporary walkways from St Mark's Square as the water started to rise on Sunday, with only police and soldiers visible at around midday.
READ: Flooding drowns St Mark's priceless mosaics in sewage
The top tourist site had already been shut for several hours on Friday as strong storms and winds battered the region, leaving it submerged by sea surges.
Churches, shops and homes have also been inundated in the Renaissance city, a UNESCO World Heritage site.
A massive infrastructure project called MOSE has been under way since 2003 to protect the city, but the multi-billion euro project has been plagued by cost overruns, corruption scandals and delays.
READ: As tides rise, flooded Venice awash with colourful plastic boots
"We weren't expecting the high waters to be so exceptionally high," said Guido Fulgenzi, who had planned to open his cafe on St Mark's square this week.
"We're paying the price" for the MOSE project not being completed, he said, sloshing around in his flooded kitchen and pointing to Tuesday's high water mark on the wall.
The crisis has prompted the government to release €20 million (US$22 million) in funds to tackle the devastation.
Culture Minister Dario Franceschini has warned that the task of repairing the city, where more than 50 churches have suffered damage, will be huge.
HOTEL RESERVATIONS CANCELLED
Residents whose houses have been hit are eligible for up to €5,000 in immediate government aid, while restaurant and shop owners can receive up to €20,000 and apply for more later.
Most of the city's cash machines were no longer working, making life even more difficult for tourists and Venetians.
READ: Climate change, corruption blamed for Venice flood devastation
"We didn't expect there to be so much water, now we're soaked," said French tourist Magali Mariolou, visiting Venice for her wedding anniversary.
"We'll come back another year when it's a bit drier. The boots are heavy, they're full of water!"
Older residents who remember the infamous "acqua alta" of 1966, when the water rose to 1.94m, say they have not seen such frequent flooding before.
Hotels reported cancelled reservations, some as far ahead as December, following the widespread diffusion of images of Venice underwater.
READ: Flood, fire and plague: Climate change blamed for disasters
Tuesday's high waters submerged around 80 per cent of the city, officials said.
Many, including Venice's mayor, have blamed the disaster on global warming and warned that the country prone to natural disasters must wake up to the risks posed by ever more volatile seasons.
The Serenissima, as the floating city is called, is home to 50,000 residents but receives 36 million visitors each year.


Lihi Shapira
Who I am ?
Junior Software Tester, 27 Years old, Lives in Tel-Aviv
Say hello to me at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Qa Manual
Experienced in writing test documentation (
STP
,
STD
,
STR
)
Good Knowledge and experience in HTML and CSS.
Working with the next test management tools: Jira, TestRail.
Good Knowledge of SQL queries (Join level).
Experience with Web (Chrome, Firefox, IE) & Mobile (iOS & Android) testing.
API testing using Postman.
Experienced in Web Testing: Exploratory, Negative Test, Boundary Test, Regression, E2E.
M.a, Sociology- Ben Gurion University of the Negev
Posted by Admin on 24th February 2021
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Input File Guide¶
The structure of the input files is broken up into blocks with character sequences seperating the blocks The first line in the file is a comment, this should be something meaningful to distinguish the problem from others
Parameter Block¶
Begins with read parm and ends with end parm
| Parameter | Value | Description |
|---|---|---|
| DebuggIt | yes or no | Turn on DEBUG printing - prints a lot of stuff |
| ReadDig3 | yes or no | Read DIF3D external file for power profile and such |
| NlIters | Integer | Set number of maximum nonlinear iterations |
| Material | Integer | Number of fissional materials |
| NumDelay | Integer | Number of delayed neutron groups |
| TotalPow | Real | Total axial power [\(n/s-cm\)] |
Time Block¶
Begins with read time and ends with end time
| Parameter | Value | Description |
|---|---|---|
| TDMethod | integer | 0 - forward Euler 1 - backward Euler |
| TimeSolv | yes or no | Perform a time dependent calculation |
| TimeStep | Double | Indicate fixed time step size, ex: 1E-5 |
| EndTime | Real | Indicate the total length of the simulation |
| StrtTime | Double | Beginning point of the calculation |
| SaveTime | Real | Interval to write out spatial solution files to |
Perturbation Block¶
Begins with read perturbation and ends with end perturbation
| Parameter | Value | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Feedback | Integer | 0 - (default) no feedback 1 - temperature 2 - instant beta |
| StepPert | yes or no | Perform a step perturbation or not |
| StrtStep | Double | Start time for step perturbation |
| EndStep | Double | End time for step perturbation |
| RampPer | yes or no | Perform a ramp perturbation or not |
| StrtRamp | Double | Start time for ramp perturbation |
| EndRamp | Double | End time for ramp perturbation |
| ZaggPert | yes or no | Perform a zig-zag perturbation or not |
| Reactiv | Real | Reactivity insertion for step and ramp |
| TimeCons | Real | Time constant for mass flow rate reduction |
| PerFlow | Real | Percent reduction in flow rate over 1/TimeCons |
| MassFlow | Real | Mass flow rate [\(g/cm^3\)] |
| GenTime | Real | Neutron generation time [\(s^-2\)] |
Mesh Block¶
Begins with read mesh and ends with end mesh
| Parameter | Value | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ElemSize | Integer | Size of elements |
| NumElems | Integer | Number of equal spaced elements in the model |
| NumNodes | Integer | Number of nodes per element |
| FuelInlt | Integer | Starting element of the inlet plenum |
| CoreStrt | Integer | Starting element of the main core region |
| CoreEnd | Integer | Final element of the main core region |
| FuelOutl | Integer | Final element of the outlet plenum |
| StartHex | Integer | Heat exchanger starting element location |
| EndHexch | Integer | Heat exchanger ending element location |
| CoreArea | Real | Area of the fuel core [\(cm^2\)] |
| PipArea | Real | Area of the piping [\(cm^2\)] |
| HexcArea | Real | Area of the heat exchanger [\(cm^2\)] |
Delay Block¶
Begins with read delay and ends with end delay
| Parameter | Value | Description |
|---|---|---|
| mat | Integer | Material identifier, not be greater than nmat |
| alam | Real(ndg) | Decay constant for each delayed group |
| beta | Real(ndg) | Delayed neutron fraction for each delayed group |
Sample Input File¶
Heat Exchanger Overcooling Model of Chrloride type problem
read parm
DebuggIt=no
ReadDif3=no
NumDelay=6
Material=1
NlIters=50
TotalPow=10
end parm
read time
TimeSolv=yes
TDMethod=1
TimeStep=1E-3
EndTime=20.0
StrtTime=0.0
SaveTime=10.0
end time
read pert
Feedback=0
StepPert=yes
RampPert=no
ZaggPert=no
StrtStep=0.0
EndStep=1.0
StrtRamp=0.0
EndRamp=0.0
Reactiv=0.003
TimeCons=0.0
PerFlow=0.0
MassFlow=0.0
GenTime=2.0E-5
end pert
read mesh
ElemSize=1.0
NumElems=10
NumNodes=3
FuelInlt=1
CoreStrt=2
CoreEnd=9
FuelOutl=10
StartHex=1
EndHExch=1
CoreArea=7.49E4
PipeArea=7.49E4
HexcArea=100000
end mesh
read delay
mat=1
alam=0.0127 0.0317 0.115 0.311 1.4 3.87 end
beta=2.66E-4 1.491E-3 1.316E-3 2.849E-3 8.96E-4 1.82E-4 end
end delay.. Input File DIF3D Values::
Input file structure to read in from DIF3D¶
Values from DIF3D can be read in and projected onto the domain in the 1D problem Right now it reads in the power, power fraction, doppler reactivity worth, and density reactivity worth. These are all spatially dependent. These values are integrated across the AREA specificed in the DIF3D problem. It will read in the values and project them up to that axial height. For example:
Z-Coord Power Frac Power Doppler Expansion 10 0.00E+00 0.0+00 0 0 20 1.85E+06 6.1-03 -3.31E-07 -1.02E-06 30 3.08E+06 1.0-02 -1.01E-06 -5.11E-07
This would project from locations 10 - 20 a power of 1.85E+06/(20-10). Similalrly, from 20 - 30 a power of 3.08E+06/(30-20)
The file read in is assumed to be titled: dif3d_values.txt It assumes the file is read in as follows:
| Line | Value | Units |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Total number of axially integrated values | [integer value] |
| 2 | Spatially integrated power to be read in | [Watts] |
| 3 | Spatially integrated fraction of power | [Normalized by total] |
| 4 | Spatially integrated doppler worth | [reactivity] |
| 5 | Total change in temperature for the perturbation | [K] |
| 6 | Spatially integrated density worth | [reactivity] |
| 7 | Total change in density during perturbation | [in percent] |
| 8 | Column wise values begin here. | [] |
| C 1 | Axial z value from DIF3D | [cm] |
| C 2 | Power for that AREA | [\(Watt/cm^2\)] |
| C 3 | Fractional power for that AREA | [normalized by total] |
| C 4 | Doppler reactivity worth | [reactivity/\(cm^2\)] |
| C 5 | Density reactivity worth | [reactivity/\(cm^2\)] |


Press release
Re-inspection of East Sussex school improvement support
This inspection took place to find out if education standards have improved since the previous inspection in July 2014.
Ofsted today has published the outcome letter of its re-inspection of East Sussex council’s support for school improvement.
The follow up inspection of East Sussex council was conducted by Her Majesty’s Inspectors on 9 to 13 November 2015 to find out if education standards have improved since the previous inspection in July 2014.
Eight schools were inspected as part of this exercise and telephone calls were made to a further 18 maintained schools and academies. The schools inspected were all due for an inspection.
In addition, inspectors held discussions with senior and operational officers, elected members, headteachers, principals and governors from primary and secondary maintained schools and academies, officers and partners representing the early years and post-16 phases of education, members of the Education Improvement Partnerships, national and local leaders of education and partners delivering services brokered or commissioned by the local authority.
Notes to editors
-
East Sussex local authority school improvement outcome letter.
-
The framework for the inspection of local authority arrangements for supporting school improvement
. The aim of local authority school improvement inspection is to assist local authorities in their duty to promote high standards and fulfilment of potential so that all children and young people benefit from at least a good education. The inspection framework acts as a powerful lever for improvement by helping to challenge inconsistencies. It enables Ofsted to report more rigorously on the contribution of local authorities to improving education in England. The inspection is not universal. Ofsted will normally inspect only where concerns about performance are apparent or where requested to do so by the Secretary of State.
-
The Office for Standards in Education, Children’s Services and Skills (Ofsted) regulates and inspects to achieve excellence in the care of children and young people, and in education and skills for learners of all ages. It regulates and inspects childcare and children’s social care, and inspects the Children and Family Court Advisory and Support Service (Cafcass), schools, colleges, initial teacher training, work-based learning and skills training, adult and community learning, and education and training in prisons and other secure establishments. It assesses council children’s services, and inspects services for looked after children, safeguarding and child protection.


VT-1020
A signature (/ˈsɪɡnətʃər/; from Latin: signare, "to sign") is a handwritten (and often stylized) depiction of someone's name, nickname, or even a simple "X" or other mark that a person writes on documents as a proof of identity and intent. The writer of a signature is a signatory or signer.


Toupti Request Mapper
Located in /request.php (line 38)
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| RequestMapper | Toupti Request Mapper |
Constructor
Fetch COOKIE value
Fetch GET parameter(s)
Get Request Apache request headers
Get FastCGI request headers
Returns a specific request header or null
Returns possible request methods
Get Request headers, normalize between apache and FastCGI
Returns current HTTP Request Method ()
Returns AJAX context true if called with ajax
Fetch PUT|POST|GET parameter
This is the preferred method to fetch the value of a PUT, POST, or GET parameter (searched in that order).
Fetch POST parameter(s)
Fetch PUT parameter(s)
Magic Getter for HTTP Methods , an extremply convulted way to know the type of the request.
Magic To string method, returning three lines of text represing the called url, the method and the accept content type header.
Documentation generated on Sun, 19 Dec 2010 22:42:56 +0100 by phpDocumentor 1.4.3


Notebooks
Story: Further changes of |xue
Further changes of |xue
Title
Further changes of |xue
Collection
Summary
|xue becomes a lizard, a dui, an Omuherero, a shao tree, a Makoba and !naxane, as the sun sets and rises. At one point |xue cries out and his wife takes hold of him.
Comments
1) p.9380v: (27 March 1880); !nanni heard this story from his paternal grandfather (Karu), 2) p.9381v: the shao tree; a description of a man in a picture Lloyd showed to the boys; about !naxane trees, ground !naxane, and !naxane fruit, 3) p.9383v: other things that |xue becomes (a cat, a fly, great water and grass), 4) This story is found in Book XI & XII-5
Contributors
Date
27 March 1880 (started)
Categories
Keywords
|xue (his further changes) , |xue (goes into another country) , |xue (his doings) , |xue (his transformations) , |xue (his grass hut) , |xue (changes into different things) , |xue (becomes !naxane, dui, a lizard, a shao tree, an ant, a little bird, an Omuherero, a Makoba, a Bushman or himself) , |xue (also becomes a cat, a fly, great water and grass) , |xue (wears black ostrich feathers and the she-ostrich's head) , |xue (fills his bag with tshana fruit) , |xue (changes at sunrise and sunset) , |xue (changes every day) , |xue (dies and returns to life in other forms) , |xue (and his father-in-law) , |xue (and his wife) , |xue (his father-in-law scolds, slaps or beats him) , |xue (runs away from his wife and her father) , |xue (cries) , transformation (further changes of |xue) , transformation (and death) , transformation (of |xue) , transformation (|xue becomes different things) , transformation (|xue changes at sunrise and sunset) , transformation (|xue changes every day) , transformation (|xue dies and returns to life in other forms) , transformation (and death of |xue) , transformation (|xue becomes !naxane, dui, a lizard, a shao tree, an ant, a little bird, an Omuherero, a Makoba, a man or himself, a cat, a fly, great water, grass) , death (further changes of |xue) , death (|xue dies and returns to life in other forms) , death (and resurrection of |xue) , death (of |xue) , death (and transformation) , plants (a shao tree) , plants (!naxane) , plants (dui) , plants (further changes of |xue) , plants (!kun names of) , country (|xue goes into another) , country (further changes of |xue) , hut (|xue's grass) , hut (further changes of |xue) , Makoba (|xue becomes) , Makoba (further changes of |xue) , Omuherero (|xue becomes) , Omuherero (further changes of |xue) , father-in-law (|xue's) , father-in-law (further changes of |xue) , wife (|xue's) , wife (further changes of |xue) , fire (|xue is burnt with) , fire (further changes of |xue) , names (of plants and things that |xue becomes) , names (further changes of |xue)
Story Pages
9380v, 9381-9384


Pushbutton Switch
Pushbutton switches will have a problem called "Bounce", whereby a few inputs will be registered when the pushbutton is pressed once due to the design of them which causes the logic to change rapidly for a split second. This problem can be overcomed by Software Debounce, Add a Delay, or use States.In the example below, States were used to deobunce the switch.


Symbol Index for "Lifelong Property"
Symbol Index for diagram
"Lifelong Property"
Acquired Permanent Property (Class)
Acquired Temporary Property (Class)
Inherent Temporary Property (Class)
Lifelong Property (Class)
SPr/Persistence (Generalization Node)
Subject Property (Class)
Transient Property (Class)


| Strength |
|
|---|---|
| 0 % | |
| Drag Pad |
⬅ weak Click strong ➡
|
| Force Detection |
Record Play Stop
Clear
Import
Export


My name is Dimitar Yovchev Dimitrov. I am 27 years old from Varna, Bulgaria.
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