Methods
Attributes
| [R] | identifier | |
| [R] | kind | |
| [R] | method | |
| [R] | options |
Public Class methods
[ show source ]
# File vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb, line 133 133: def initialize(kind, method, options = {}) 134: @kind = kind 135: @method = method 136: @identifier = options[:identifier] 137: @options = options 138: end
Public Instance methods
[ show source ]
# File vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb, line 140 140: def ==(other) 141: case other 142: when Callback 143: (self.identifier && self.identifier == other.identifier) || self.method == other.method 144: else 145: (self.identifier && self.identifier == other) || self.method == other 146: end 147: end
[ show source ]
# File vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb, line 165 165: def call(*args, &block) 166: evaluate_method(method, *args, &block) if should_run_callback?(*args) 167: rescue LocalJumpError 168: raise ArgumentError, 169: "Cannot yield from a Proc type filter. The Proc must take two " + 170: "arguments and execute #call on the second argument." 171: end
[ show source ]
# File vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb, line 153 153: def dup 154: self.class.new(@kind, @method, @options.dup) 155: end
[ show source ]
# File vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb, line 149 149: def eql?(other) 150: self == other 151: end
[ show source ]
# File vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb, line 157 157: def hash 158: if @identifier 159: @identifier.hash 160: else 161: @method.hash 162: end 163: end


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--- layout: post authors: ["Anthony Scopatz"] title: "Bootcamp Student Composition by Domain" date: 2013-09-30 time: "09:00:00" tags: ["Assessment", "Teaching"] ---
Recently I was challenged to show that computational science is important to biologists, and, more importantly, that biologists care about learning how to develop quality software. I am not a biologist. While I find the subject fascinating I cannot make any broad claims on the topic or hope to speak for all biologists. So I turned to Software Carpentry.
My experience teaching Software Carpentry and related bootcamps has been that biologists are always a significant portion of the student population. In order to demonstrate this I asked to have access to anonymized answers to part of the pre-assessment survey. Specifically, I was interested in the "Which of the following most closely aligns with your primary discipline?" question. With a big assist from Amy Brown I obtained the data I was looking for.
Almost immediately, I was confronted with the problem of who exactly is a biologist, physicist, and so on. The pre-assessment survey options are too fine grained for purposes here. For example, I consider astrophysicist and geologists both to be physicists. Furthermore, since the survey question is a check-box type the students could select multiple options. Their selections may span multiple domains. Finally, there is a pesky "Other" option which allows the students to submit any discipline they desire. This leads to the conundrum of which domain does the discipline "Data Analysis" go in? All of them I hope. This survey question certainly does not yield a clean taxonomy.
To coarsen the data, I chose the following five domains to group disciplines into: physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics & computer science, and humanities & social science. Is this grossly unfair to some disciplines? Yes. Does it work? Double yes. In the spirit of openness, all of the data and analysis is available at this repository. You can also view the IPython notebook where I did my analysis. Feel free to criticize my groupings in the comments.
The data that Amy provided me with was collected from 306 students over the most recent 9 or 10 bootcamps. This is a large enough sample size to be able to say something meaningful about the student populous. From Figure 1 & Table 1, we can see that my intuition turned out to be correct.
Roughly a third of the participants in the bootcamps come from a biologically oriented field! This is second only to the physics-related disciplines. Moreover, the biologists far outstrip their counterparts in the other domains. So if Software Carpentry bootcamps are any measure of interest in software development best practices - and I think they are - then it is clear that the biology domain is thriving.
Figure 1: Percentage of Software Carpentry bootcamp students by domain.
These percentages sum to greater than 100% because students may select more that one discipline.
| Domain | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|
| Physics | 45.75 |
| Chemistry | 13.40 |
| Biology | 33.01 |
| Mathematics & Computer Science | 13.07 |
| Humanities & Social Sciences | 14.38 |
Table 1: Results of Figure 1 in tabular form.


getconf
Get configuration values from your Linux system.
More information: home page
- List [a]ll configuration values available:
getconf -a
- List the configuration values for a specific directory:
getconf -a path/to/directory
- Check if your linux system is a 32-bit or 64-bit:
getconf LONG_BIT
- Check how many processes the current user can run at once:
getconf CHILD_MAX
- List every configuration value and then find patterns with the grep command (i.e every value with MAX in it):
getconf -a | grep MAX


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Manual test is a way to create QA testing for human running. It's for those situations where automated testing is forthcoming, would not be feasible. It's meant to be a very quick and simple way to have QA.
Visit https://aklump.github.io/manual_test for full documentation.
This one-liner will create a folder called tests_manual and install this library there using composer.
mkdir -p ./tests_manual && (cd tests_manual && composer require --dev aklump/manual-test && cp ./vendor/aklump/manual-test/examples/config.xml .)
export TEST_BASE_URL=http://mysite.com; ./vendor/bin/generate --configuration=config.xml
export SIMPLETEST_BASE_URL=http://mysite.com; ./vendor/bin/generate --configuration=coanfig.xml
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val partialMerkleTree: PartialMerkleTree?
required when multi-transaction signing is utilised.
partialMerkleTree - required when multi-transaction signing is utilised.
partialMerkleTree


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A Testimony of Jesus Christ : 5.7 - Bibliography. Holman New Testament Commentary - 1 2 Peter, 1 2 3 John and Jude David Walls, Max Anders on Amazon.com. FREE shipping on qualifying offers. One in a series. Bible Commentaries - Old New Testaments - Christianbook.com. To report dead links, typos, or html errors or suggestions about making these resources more useful use our convenient contact.
Holman New Testament Commentary - Acts - eBook<PHONE_NUMBER>105) by Kenneth O. Gangel Hear about sales, receive special offers more. You can unsubscribe Holman Bible Commentary - Accordance.
One in a series of twelve New Testament verse-by-verse commentary books edited by Max Anders. Includes discussion starters, teaching plan, and more. Great for lay teachers and pastors alike. Holman New Testament Commentary: Acts by Max E. Anders. The twelve-volume Holman New Testament Commentary is an invaluable tool for those who teach the Word of God in a group or church setting. This verse-by-verse commentary systematically explains biblical text based on trusted, conservative scholarship. This commentary presents the book of Acts in a format that allows those with the time to delve into some detail of the book, while those with less time can quickly see the main points and issues The Gospels and Acts (The Holman Apologetics Commentary on the Bible) Michael Wilkins, Craig A. Evans, Darrell L. Bock, Andreas J. Köstenberger, Jeremy Royal Howard.
Holman New Testament Commentary - amazon.com.
Overview - Bible Commentaries - Read and study 5.0 out of 5 stars - Holman New Testament Commentary - 1 and 2 Peter, 1,2 and 3 John and Jude by Dav…. Acts: Holman New Testament Commentary HNTC : Kenneth. Choose from over 110 Bible Commentaries freely available online at StudyLight.org for sermon, Bible study, and Sunday school preparation. A biblical commentary. Works deemed as being especially helpful for further study of the book of Revelation are emphasized. Aland, Kurt and Bruce M. Metzger. The Greek New Testament. Holman New Testament Commentary - Acts - amazon.com. The Aramaic New Testament of the Bible exists in two versions: (1) the classical Aramaic, or Syriac, New Testament, part of the Peshitta, translated from the Greek. Holman New Testament Commentary - Acts - Google Books. Review of the Holman Christian Standard Bible.
Aramaic New Testament - Wikipedia. Holman NT and OT Commentary Series, from the Publisher. Each volume answers the questions students of the Bible ask rather than the ones Bible scholars play with, but are unable to provide clear answers. Holman New Testament Commentary (12 vols.) - Logos Bible.
Commentaries are excellent tools to use in your study of the Bible. Uncover the meaning of the text though historical, textual, and literary context. Holman New Testament Commentary - Acts - LifeWay. Verse-by-Verse Bible Commentary - LiveAsIf.org. Holman new testament commentary.
Holman New Testament Commentary - Acts. Max Anders (Editor), Kenneth Gangel (With) Publisher: B H Publishing Group. Description Show More. One in a series of twelve New Testament verse-by-verse commentary books edited by Max Anders. Includes discussion starters, teaching plan, and more. Great for lay teachers and pastors alike. Holman New Testament Commentary - Acts Kenneth Gangel, Max Anders on Amazon.com. FREE shipping on qualifying offers. One in a series of twelve New Testament verse-by-verse commentary books edited by Max Anders. Includes discussion starters. Holman New Testament Commentary - Acts - eBook.
Holman New Testament Commentary has 13 ratings and 0 reviews. One in a series of twelve New Testament verse-by-verse commentary books edited by Max Ander. The Holman Christian Standard Bible. by Michael Marlowe (revised, August 2011) New Testament. Edwin Blum, ed., Holman Christian Standard Bible: Experiencing


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disjfa.nlCheck out some of my projects. All available to use and build something beautiful.
disjfa.github.ioDiner site about restaurants in zoetermeer. Jum!
hapjezoetermeer.nlCheck out a puzzle today, get addicted tomorrow.
mozaic.dimme.nlRead posts by me on medium. It can be nice.
@disjfa on medium.comOr just folow me on twitter. Maybe i post something nice.
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To: CaretDashCaret
From: Pornp
When: Nov. 22, 2014, 11:30 AM EST
Subject: A friendly gathering
Dear CaretDashCaret,
You are cordially invited for an evening of laughter, celebration, and sliced turkey. A friend thanksgiving, if you will, since we're friends after all. I will take care of some appetizers, the main course, a dessert, and...the potables. Let's just say this is an evening that some of us won't forget. The ball is in your court RSVP soon, or else.
Sincerely,
Pornp
Attn: Pornp
Subject: RSVP, WITH FORCE
Delivery method: Inter-office mailing envelope
Pornp,
Thank you for your kind invitation. I am unfortunately unable to attend due to the short notice. I assure you that it's nothing personal, and as a sign of our continuing friendship, I've sent you a delightful surprise. At around 11:45 AM EST, please open your door to see what awaits you. I promise this will be a spectacle to remember.
Cordially yours,
CaretDashCaret
Let's just say Pornp was surprised, but not disarmed.
A casual observer might think that CaretDashCaret would be completely stunned. And she was, but by the skyline: on a clear day like today, Lower Manhattan can't get more amazing than this.
Will this be CaretDashCaret's last stand, or does she have a few tricks up her sleeve? Given the amazing punch she packed in the last volley, we here in the audience think we might see a few more to come.
Pornp did invite CaretDashCaret for a snack after all, didn't he? CaretDashCaret, not wanting to be rude, accepted the invite on her own terms.
Luckily, she had also been to a rest stop recently, and, unsheathing her plastic spoon, took the blood-sugar challenge. Egging Pornp along, she asked “Y u jelly, Pornp?”
Pornp seems like he's in a sticky bind, and CaretDashCaret is feasting on his recent turn. Will he recover from the latest volley? Only 15 minutes will tell...
CaretDashCaret is stuck in a fractal nightmare.  Apparently, they weren't innocuous. And they were human.
Luckily, CaretDashCaret's original onesie conveniently converted into a top and bottom without too much modification [-1 POINT FOR CONSISTENCY, MR. PORNP!]. Things are looking mighty unfortunate for our hungry adventurer, but at least we won't be having any wardrobe malfunctions today!
For those of you in the audience that aren't already getting heart palpitations from this riveting storyline, here's a bit of armchair design observation. Note that Pornp, presumably feeling the heat from CaretDashCaret's voracious appetite, has switched to a flat design for his Jelly monster. Texture be damned, this is a war!
If we had at all paid attention in english class, we'd know whether we've hit the climax of this story, or the denouement. Since we don't speak French well enough, we'll just be as surprised as CaretDashCaret looks. Those eyes!
You have to be wondering how folks feel right now. Does CaretDashCaret feel laden with despair, or is she getting drunk off of the power that's enveloping her? Did Pornp design this, or has he created a monster with agency that even he can't control?
We don't know, but someone better get a tube of triple antibiotic. That arm doesn't look good.

If you crack open your copy of Gray's Anatomy to basically any page, you're certain not to see Ouroboros-eyes. Pornp has set CaretDashCaret up for quite the surprise, and has sent over a belated reply: “who jelly now!??!?!”
This is a truly troubling example of exactly why you should reduce your refined sugar intake while also being sure to balance any intake with a reasonable amount of fiber. We're not endocrinologists, but we're pretty sure CaretDashCaret is going through some unexpected changes right now.
Design note: you can tell Pornp is feeling pretty good—-he's added texture back into his arsenal, and it's disturbing to say the least.
Process note: both artists have decided to extend their volleys. We'll be seeing an extra round from each of them!
Yup. We've officially crossed the line into the stuff that PG-13-rated movies are made of.
Pornp could not have predicted this. CaretDashCaret, not wanting to continue the madness, used Pornp's own implements to poison this plot. But in death there is rebirth, and it apparently has a blue hue to it.
Consistency note: CaretDashCaret is definitely keeping up her end of the bargain as far as visual elements are concerned. Note that the broken turkey leg is maintained across volleys. She also maintains Pornp's aesthetic as well as she's keeping her composure.
Next on Masterpiece Theatre...THERE'S BLOOD ON THE RUG!
Et tu, Brutoid!?!? How did things get this far? Why are the chandelier and the beautiful memorial painting not centered with the dinner scene? Is the painting of the ghost of CaretDashCaret a painting, or a ghost? How does one get a sweet monocle like that? How did Pornp refill the bottle of poison on such short notice? Is that rug allergen-free? Does that table feel objectified?
We don't even.
To: Pornp
From: CaretDashCaret
When: Nov. 22, 2014, 1:45 PM EST
Subject: So I says to him, I says...
Delivery method: llama
That's a great idea, Pornp! Let's get lunch or whatever.
You won't believe the dream I had the other night, but I'll tell you when we hang out later today!


I've had a little 100mg bag of 2C-B-Fly sitting in my stash for a while now, and until last night, I had no real desire to try it.
About half way through a lazy Friday afternoon, I decided I wanted to give something new a try. I wasn't really in the mood for going out, so I figured I'd either go for some mushrooms or the Fly. I can't remember how I concluded that the 2C-B-Fly would be the better choice, but I'm glad I did.
Quick rundown of my previous drug use and experience - lots of weed, 2C-I, 2C-T-7, 2CB and mushrooms. I'd had a very nasty experience with 2C-I at 25mg about 5 weeks ago, although I had tried a low dose of 2C-B since then and had no problems at all.
This was a solo trip, although I spent the latter part of it downstairs watching TV with one of my housemates.
At 7.30pm I carefully measured 15mg of 2C-B-Fly out and mixed it with water. I had eaten a fairly big meal 2 and half hours ago, although was feeling surprisingly hungry.
Felt a bit of nausea after drinking it... the chemically bitter taste made me shudder, although I get that with all RCs.
+0.10 - Slight tingling sensation down my spine. Probably a placebo.
+0.15 - Head feels strange - sensation of pressure on my forehead and neck. Goosebumps on arms despite it being very warm in the room.
+0.20 - Smoked a tiny bit of weed to relax.
+0.30 - First visuals spotted... only had a tiny bit of weed but it really accelerated this. CEVs colorful. Slight bending / warping and 'flickering' OEVs. Hard to look at the monitor - looks like it's flickering (like when you film a PC monitor) and is a lot brighter than normal. Watching simpsons and the sound is crystal clear. Marked pupil dilation.
+0.45 - man this is really nice, screen is waving as I type, raining colorful snowflakes. feels like my head is warping round in a circle. Tracers linger beautifully. Soft psychedelic blur over everything... everything has rounded rainbow edges. Marked time dilation... this song has been going on for as long as I can remember.
+1.00 - lava lamp shadow is dancing... really wavy screen, typing is very hard. Fingers feel strange pushing the keys - as if they aren't mine. Lovely bright, colorful visuals. Beautiful CEVs... like star rockets on a night sky, exploding with puffs of glitter.
+1.30 - Real time dilation. Past 5 minutes seemed like at least half an hour.
15mg is a real mind bender, couldn't go out anywhere like this. Walking is hard, but possible [Venturing downstairs to get a drink was harder than I thought it would be - I staggered there with a sort of drunken lethargy, almost fell against the wall a couple times].
+3.00 - Have been watching Simpsons the whole time. Haven't felt like typing anything.
Really amazing visuals still. Seems to come in very quick waves of effects - really intense to quite manageable.
[I read another 2C-B-Fly trip report and the author described it as constantly going from a ++ to +++ experience. I don't think I ever dropped lower than a +++, but there were times when I was really losing touch with reality, and 5 minutes later, I could be sitting there quite easily watching and understanding a simpsons episode.]
-------
My log ended there - I think I just couldn't be bothered to write any more, plus typing was still damn near impossible at +3 hours. There were a few times when I was really panicking because I started to feel like I did on the bad 2C-I trip I had a while ago. There was nothing in my room to put me on my guard or make me feel like that - I brought it on myself by thinking about my ex-girlfriend. I jumped on the bed to try and calm myself down and realized my heart was really racing - I've never felt it beat so quickly. Not sure if that was down to me panicking, or the Fly... probably a combination.
Overall, a very enjoyable experience, although at times a little overwhelming. I had planned for the trip to be an experiment with 2C-B-Fly so I could document the effects, although typing was so hard and the visuals were a little too intense to allow for much of that.
I'd certainly try it again, although at a lower dose - probably 10mg. I'm not sure if I have a naturally low tolerance to phenethylamines or what, but they seem to effect me much more strongly than anyone I've ever tripped with.
There was, however, one main negative side effects that I'd like to mention. I dosed at 7.30pm on Friday with what I thought was a pretty 'standard' 2C-B-Fly dosage. It's now 2pm on Saturday and I haven't slept, plus I'm still unable to sleep. Pupils are still dilated, although not to the extent they were last night.
I was up until about 5am because I just didn't feel like sleeping. Mentally I was really drained (I still am) and was developing a mild headache, but my body wasn't in the mood for rest. Any sensation of movement or pressure on my skin (particularly arms)
made my nerves tingle and instantly snapped me out of the process of falling asleep.
I lay in bed all night (from 5am until 11am the next day) unable to sleep. When I closed my eyes, I could still see colorful fractals.
I'd say in total the experience lasted a good 10 hours, with a plateau of about 3 and a half. The comedown was very gentle, with OEVs lingering until the 8 or 9 hour mark.
I'd recommend having some sort of sedative close at hand, because the whole not being able to sleep thing is not cool. I wanted to reflect on the trip but I can't because I'm so tired. I finally got to sleep at 1am on Saturday night, woke up on the Sunday morning feeling refreshed and pretty much back to normal.
If I had to compare the Fly to another chemical, I’d say it’s like a strong 2C-B trip (15mg of the Fly gave me visuals I’d have to take at least 30mg of 2C-B to achieve), although very colorful like 2C-T-7.
The body load was very pleasant – a sort of warming pressure around the side of my head and neck and a slight tingling in the stomach area. I’d compare it to a low(ish) dose of mushrooms but without the cramps and nausea.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Film review by Kevin Patterson
FEAR AND LOATHING IN LAS VEGAS Rating: ***1/2 (out of four) R, 1998 Directed by Terry Gilliam. Written by Gilliam, Tony Grisoni, Tod Davies, and Alex Cox. Starring Johnny Depp, Benicio Del Toro.
The promotion for FEAR AND LOATHING IN LAS VEGAS has made the film out to be a comedy, and for about the first hour or so it seems like it might be one. It's 1971, and the hippie movement has left behind quite a few wash-outs, among them journalist Raoul Duke (Johnny Depp) and his "attorney" Dr. Gonzo (Benito Del Toro). These two spend most of the film in a drug-induced stupor, having strange hallucinations, trashing their hotel rooms, and either annoying or scaring almost everyone that crosses their path. Duke is first assigned to cover an outdoor desert motorcycle race in Las Vegas, but gets lost in a blur of drugs, beer, and flying dust, and ends up wandering around with no clue who won. He leaves Vegas briefly before he is sent back, in what can only be described as a strangely appropriate twist of fate, to cover a drug enforcement conference.
FEAR AND LOATHING has been misinterpreted by some as glorifying the use of drugs. It doesn't, even in the beginning--while the pair's antics are sometimes amusing and relatively harmless at first, the humor here is still fairly dark. Director Terry Gilliam views them with a rather satirical eye, and even when we're laughing, we're laughing at them rather than with them. They spend most of their time paranoid, angry, or just plain befuddled, which is probably an understandable reaction to seeing the entire room suddenly fill up with giant reptiles. The black comedy may be entertaining to watch onscreen, but it's probably not something most other audience members would want to experience first-hand.
All this aside, I was starting to grow a bit restless as the film drew near its one-hour mark, thinking to myself that I wanted something more out of this than just an off-kilter satire of drug culture. Thankfully, the script delivers it before too long, as Duke, in a rare moment of lucidity, stops to recall how he was once an enthusiastic hippie, "riding the wave" of something that seemed special and important. Now it's six years later and the wave has finally broken, as he puts it. Materialistic culture is still alive and well and, for most of this film, right in his face in Las Vegas; the "American Dream" of which Duke occasionally speaks is still just as shallow and phony as ever. The social protesters have lost, and the more questionable aspects of the movement have turned ugly and left casualties such as Duke to drift in a sea of drugs and disillusionment.
In many ways, FEAR AND LOATHING is Gilliam's most reality-based film; all of his others, with the exception of THE FISHER KING, have made use of some sort of fantasy or science-fiction plot elements. Yet it is his off-the-wall masterpiece BRAZIL to which this film bears the most visual resemblance. The protagonist of BRAZIL found himself alternately surrounded by a plastic, soulless society and the constant chaos of totalitarian police inspections and terrorist attacks, and similarly Duke's world is composed of the artificial, empty glam of Las Vegas and the bizarre anarchy of his drug hallucinations. Unlike the protagonist of BRAZIL, however, Duke is not a particularly admirable figure, and neither is Gonzo. During the latter half of the film, their trips turn nastier and the consequences worse, eventually building up to an incident an a diner in which Gonzo crudely frightens and humiliates a waitress, while Duke, though he doesn't seem to approve, doesn't do anything to stop it either. By the time this scene takes place, they don't seem like hippies or peaceniks or protesters or anything of the sort any more; they just seem like a couple of stoned jerks in a diner. Duke seems to realize at some level that he's become something he doesn't like, but he's either too apathetic or too defeated to do anything to change.
This film has taken a critical drubbing from many who view it as an essentially pointless film that simply throws one trip scene after another at the audience. While Gilliam may have overdone it in a few places, I think he and his co-writers deserve more credit than that. There's plenty of substance here, particularly in the second half; its observations about the broken and defeated rebels from the '60s and the objects of their rebellion just aren't usually very pleasant. Unlike, say, BRAZIL or THE FISHER KING, both of which feature a character who dares to let himself dream in a repressive environment, FEAR AND LOATHING IN LAS VEGAS shows us someone who's given up on his dreams and resorts to the quick fix of drugs. In its own psychedelic, whacked-out way, it's sad and regretful, but I think it's also a bit of a kick in the pants, a challenge to find an alternative between chemically-induced withdrawal and the equally addictive drug of Vegas-style materialism. Indeed, Duke himself admits at one point that he's never learned to accept that you can get higher without drugs than with them. I'm not sure if he's any closer to accepting it by the end or not, but I suspect the audience will get the idea.
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PCI Compliance for Kubernetes in detail - Part 6 - Secrets Management
This is the sixth part of a series of posts looking at the PCI recommendations for container security as they apply to Kubernetes environments. This time we’re looking at secrets management. An index of the posts in this series can be found here.


Nmap Related Commands¶
Nmap (https://nmap.org) is the most known hacking tool, so:
- You must know how to use Nmap
- You must use Nmap
Please, if you don’t know Nmap, read the documentation, it’s awesome: https://nmap.org/book/man.html
Habu comes with some tools that provides integrations with Nmap and has some helpful functions.
Scan Result Parsing¶
If you have an Nmap scan result (in XML, gnmap or nmap format), you can use some habu.nmap.* tools to parse these files and obtain information about them.
Scanned Ports¶
The command habu.nmap.ports gives you the list of ports that was scanned:
$ habu.nmap.ports /tmp/scan.nmap
21,22,23,25,80,110,143,443,445,3389
This can be helpful if you want to run a new scan, but with different options.
Open Ports¶
The command habu.nmap.open shows the ports that has been result open for the nmap scan.
$ habu.nmap.open /tmp/scan.nmap
80,443
This can be helpful to the same reasons has the habu.nmap.ports.
Ports Outside Nmap¶
Sometimes, you need to expose a port to the whole internet on your server or another device.
They’re a lot of security recommendations about that, but one quick thing you can do is open a port that is not easy detected by the hundred scanners that are constantly probed to open ports.
Because most of the scanners are based on Nmap (or are Nmap), it’s a good idea to use a port that is not scanned by Nmap in the default configurations.
Obviously, Nmap can scan the 65535 possible ports, but that is not the case in the grand part of the scans launched on internet.
You can use the following command to obtain a port that is not listed on the file ‘/usr/share/nmap/nmap-services’, which is the file used to define what ports are scanned if not specific ports are passed with the ‘-p’ option.
$ habu.nmap.excluded
10482


Welcome To SouvlakiWeb!
SouvlakiWeb is a Homepage for our other upcoming services, including SouvlakiChat, SouvlakiVideo, SouvlakiSearch, and more, coming in the future. Thank you for visiting us at SouvlakiWeb! This is also my first website that I construct completly out of HTML, so it might not look too pretty, but it does get the job done.


<url>
This might include the lines of code that you have identified as causing the bug, and potential solutions (and your opinions on their merits).


Assume we are writing out a 100x100 2D array of double precision floating point numbers that is distributed among 4 processes such that each process has a block of 25 columns (e.g., process 0 has columns 0--24, process 1 has columns 25--49, etc.; see Figure 31 ). To create the filetypes for each process one could use the following C program (see Section Subarray Datatype Constructor ):
double subarray[100][25]; MPI_Datatype filetype; int sizes[2], subsizes[2], starts[2]; int rank; MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &rank); sizes[0]=100; sizes[1]=100; subsizes[0]=100; subsizes[1]=25; starts[0]=0; starts[1]=rank*subsizes[1]; MPI_Type_create_subarray(2, sizes, subsizes, starts, MPI_ORDER_C, MPI_DOUBLE, &filetype);Or, equivalently in Fortran:
double precision subarray(100,25) integer filetype, rank, ierror integer sizes(2), subsizes(2), starts(2) call MPI_COMM_RANK(MPI_COMM_WORLD, rank, ierror) sizes(1)=100 sizes(2)=100 subsizes(1)=100 subsizes(2)=25 starts(1)=0 starts(2)=rank*subsizes(2) call MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY(2, sizes, subsizes, starts, & MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_DOUBLE_PRECISION, & filetype, ierror)The generated filetype will then describe the portion of the file contained within the process's subarray with holes for the space taken by the other processes. Figure 32 shows the filetype created for process 1.


Make pull requests only one feature or change at the time. Make pull requests from feature branch. Pull requests should not come from your master branch.
For example you have fixed a bug. You also have optimized some code. Optimization is not related to a bug. These should be submitted as separate pull requests. This way I can easily choose what to include. It is also easier to understand the code changes.
Proper commit message is full sentence. It starts with capital letter but does not end with period. Headlines do not end with period. The GitHub default Update filename.js
is not enough. When needed include also longer explanation what the commit does.
``` Capitalized, short (50 chars or less) summary
More detailed explanatory text, if necessary. Wrap it to about 72 characters or so. In some contexts, the first line is treated as the subject of an email and the rest of the text as the body. The blank line separating the summary from the body is critical (unless you omit the body entirely); tools like rebase can get confused if you run the two together. ```
When in doubt see Tim Pope's blogpost A Note About Git Commit Messages
Make sure each individual commit in your pull request is meaningful. If you had to make multiple intermediate commits while developing, please squash them before submitting.
When contributing to open source project it is polite to follow the original authors coding standars. They might be different than yours. It is not a holy war. This project uses PSR-2 Coding Standard
You can run tests either manually…
bash
$ vendor/bin/phpunit
$ vendor/bin/phpcs --standard=PSR2 src/ -p
… or automatically on every code change.
bash
$ npm install
$ grunt watch


In this section we will look at how to run your Serenity tests using JUnit in more detail.
Serenity WebDriver support in JUnit
Serenity BDD also provides strong support for Selenium WebDriver and the Page Objects model. We will look at these features in detail later on. But while we are on the topic of JUnit integration, let’s look at how this integration fits in with a JUnit Serenity test.
Serenity will manage your WebDriver instance, including opening the appropriate driver at the start of each test, and shutting it down when the test is finished. You just need to provide a WebDriver
variable in your test, as shown here:
@RunWith(SerenityRunner.class)
public class WhenSearchingOnGoogle {
@Managed (1)
WebDriver driver;
@Test
public void shouldInstantiateAWebDriverInstanceForAWebTest() {
driver.get("http://www.google.com"); (2)
driver.findElement(By.name("q")).sendKeys("firefly", Keys.ENTER);
new WebDriverWait(driver,5).until(titleContains("firefly - Google"));
assertThat(driver.getTitle()).contains("firefly - Google");
}
}
| 1 | Declare a WebDriver instance that will be managed by Serenity |
| 2 | The WebDriver instance will be initialized automatically |
The @Managed
annotation also provides several useful parameters. The driver
parameter lets you define what WebDriver driver you want to run these tests in.
Possible values include firefox, chrome, iexplorer, phantomjs, appium, safari, edge and htmlunit :
@Managed(driver="chrome")
Default value for driver
is firefox.
You can also get Serenity to open the browser at the start of the tests, and leave it open until all of the tests in this test case have been executed, using the uniqueSession
parameter:
@Managed(uniqueSession=true)
Default value for uniqueSession
is false
To make Serenity BDD clear cookies for each test or never clear cookies you can use property clearCookies
:
@Managed(clearCookies=BeforeEachTest)
Default value for clearCookies
is BeforeEachTest, possible values are: BeforeEachTest, Never.
Serenity PageObjects in JUnit
The WebDriver test in the previous example will work, but it is poorly written for a number of reasons as below:
-
In particular, it exposes too much WebDriver-specific details about how the test is executed, which as a result obscures the intent of the test
-
It will also be harder to maintain, as it contains WebDriver logic that would be repeated and maintained in other tests
A better approach is to hide the WebDriver logic in "Page Objects". Serenity provides excellent built-in support for Page Objects, as described in the chapter dedicated to Serenity WebDriver support Working with Page Objects .
The JUnit Serenity integration provides some special support for Serenity Page Objects. In particular, Serenity will automatically instantiate any PageObject fields in your JUnit test. For example, the following Page Object would perform the same operations as the test shown above:
package net.serenitybdd.samples.junit.pages;
import net.thucydides.core.annotations.DefaultUrl;
import net.thucydides.core.pages.PageObject;
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;
import static org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions.titleContains;
@DefaultUrl("http://www.google.com")
public class GooglePage extends PageObject {
@FindBy(name="q")
WebElement search;
public void searchFor(String keywords) {
search.sendKeys(keywords, Keys.ENTER);
waitFor(titleContains(keywords + " - Google"));
}
}
GooglePage googlePage; (1)
@Test
public void shouldInstantiatedPageObjectsForAWebTest() {
googlePage.open(); (2)
googlePage.searchFor("firefly");
assertThat(googlePage.getTitle()).contains("firefly - Google");
}
}
| 1 | When you declare a field of type GooglePage in your test, Serenity will instantiate it for you |
| 2 | The page is automatically instantiated and ready to be used. |


June 13, 2010
Istiqlal Mosque, Indonesia
Photograph by Tony Hartawan, My Shot
This Month in Photo of the Day: Travel
Jakarta’s Istiqlal Mosque, one of the largest in the world, can hold more than 70,000 worshippers at a time. Arab traders brought Islam to the region a thousand years ago. Today Indonesia is the world's most populous Muslim country.
Photo Tip: If you use a tripod and a very slow shutter speed to shoot a moving subject, you can get a dramatic contrast between sharp and blurred detail.
Get more photo tips »
See more photos of Indonesia »
Buy the Ultimate Field Guide to Photography »


Do you want to run a miner?
PoV supports mutliple algorithms
You are not a miner yet
Stake 100k QLC and start mining.
Please choose your account:
Please choose your favorite PoW miner.
Choose algorithm
Please choose your PoW algorithm.
Choose algorithm
Please choose your favorite PoW algorithm.
What kind of miner will you use?
Please choose your Miner
CPU Miner Instructions
Crypto CPUminer (Linux + Windows)
https://github.com/tpruvot/cpuminer-multi
# SHA256D
./cpuminer -a sha256d -o stratum+tcp://<IP_ADDRESS>:3333 -O test.1:test
GPU miner Instructions
OPEN CL (Supports sha256d/scrypt, without x11.)
https://github.com/luke-jr/bfgminer
# SHA256D
./bfgminer -o stratum+tcp://<IP_ADDRESS>:3333 -O test.1:test -S opencl:auto
# SCRYPT
./bfgminer --scrypt -o stratum+tcp://<IP_ADDRESS>:3333 -O test.1:test -S opencl:auto
CUDA (Supports sha256d/x11/scrypt)
https://github.com/KlausT/ccminer
# Please follow ccminer's guide
ASIC Miner Instructions
Please check your miner's guides, and config the miner to use gqlc stratum pool, such as:
stratum+tcp://<IP_ADDRESS>:3333


| Project | URL | Test Type | Load Test Date | Status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| {{project.projectname}} | {{project.uri}} | {{project.testType}} , {{project.distribution}} |
{{project.dateCreated}} |
Finished.
|
| Project | Max Concurrent Users | Average Response Time |
|---|---|---|
| {{x.projectName}} | {{x.maxConnectionCt}} | {{x.avgRspTime}} ms |
R = e^[-(l*t)]
, where l = failure
rate =
(# of failedRequests /
test testDuration (s) ), and t = 1 second


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block content %}
| Order # | Amount | Payment Method | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| {{ transaction.order_id }} | {{ transaction.amount }} | {{ transaction.card_type }} | {{ transaction.timestamp }} |
You have no transactions yet.
{% endif %} {% endblock content %}


WITNESS LIST Business & Industry Committee (Subcommittee on Internet Consumer Protection) March 11, 1998-9:00A Internet Consumer Protection For: Russinoff, Paul (Interactive Srvcs. Assn) On: Crick, Gene (Texas ISP Association) Heasley, John (Texas Bankers Assn.) James, Randall S. (Texas Dept. of Banking) Jordan, Craig (OAG) Leslie, M. Scott (Flashnet) Magness, Bill (PUC) Perkins, Pamela (OAG) Sparks, Robert H., Jr. (Licensed Beverage Dist.)


We've got what you need!
Great Canadian Photo Booth takes your event to the next level! Photo booths are FUN! Our easy to use photo booth is the perfect addition to any wedding, corporate event, Christmas party, fundraiser, and more...Unlimited high quality DSLR photos and fun props are guaranteed to make your event memorable! Our custom built Photo Booth was developed for simple and quick operation to get your guests back to what they were doing (after a few laughs of course)!
Why you should choose us!


{% extends "gruppeapp/base.html" %} {% load static %} {% block stylesheets %} {%endblock%} {% block title %}Group Generator{% endblock %} {% block body %}
It is easy to generate random groups.
If you want to speed up the process of entering your students each time, you can now choose to save your students!
First of all, you need to create an account. Then you can create a class like so:
Students added:
Number of groups:


Validation¶
CodeIgniter provides a comprehensive data validation class that helps minimize the amount of code you’ll write.
Overview¶
Before explaining CodeIgniter’s approach to data validation, let’s describe the ideal scenario:
- A form is displayed.
- You fill it in and submit it.
- If you submitted something invalid, or perhaps missed a required item, the form is redisplayed containing your data along with an error message describing the problem.
- This process continues until you have submitted a valid form.
On the receiving end, the script must:
- Check for required data.
- Verify that the data is of the correct type, and meets the correct criteria. For example, if a username is submitted it must be validated to contain only permitted characters. It must be of a minimum length, and not exceed a maximum length. The username can’t be someone else’s existing username, or perhaps even a reserved word. Etc.
- Sanitize the data for security.
- Pre-format the data if needed (Does the data need to be trimmed? HTML encoded? Etc.)
- Prep the data for insertion in the database.
Although there is nothing terribly complex about the above process, it usually requires a significant amount of code, and to display error messages, various control structures are usually placed within the form HTML. Form validation, while simple to create, is generally very messy and tedious to implement.
Form Validation Tutorial¶
What follows is a “hands on” tutorial for implementing CodeIgniter’s Form Validation.
In order to implement form validation you’ll need three things:
- A View file containing a form.
- A View file containing a “success” message to be displayed upon successful submission.
- A controller method to receive and process the submitted data.
Let’s create those three things, using a member sign-up form as the example.
The Form¶
Using a text editor, create a form called Signup.php. In it, place this code and save it to your app/Views/ folder:

<title>My Form</title>

<?= $validation->listErrors() ?>
<?= form_open('form') ?>

Username

<input type="text" name="username" value="" size="50" />

Password

<input type="text" name="password" value="" size="50" />

Password Confirm

<input type="text" name="passconf" value="" size="50" />

Email Address

<input type="text" name="email" value="" size="50" />

<input type="submit" value="Submit" />

</form>

The Success Page¶
Using a text editor, create a form called Success.php. In it, place this code and save it to your app/Views/ folder:

<title>My Form</title>

Your form was successfully submitted!

<?= anchor('form', 'Try it again!') ?>

The Controller¶
Using a text editor, create a controller called Form.php. In it, place this code and save it to your app/Controllers/ folder:
<?php
namespace App\Controllers;
use CodeIgniter\Controller;
class Form extends Controller
{
public function index()
{
helper(['form', 'url']);
if (! $this->validate([]))
{
echo view('Signup', [
'validation' => $this->validator,
]);
}
else
{
echo view('Success');
}
}
}
Try it!¶
To try your form, visit your site using a URL similar to this one:
example.com/index.php/form/
If you submit the form you should simply see the form reload. That’s because you haven’t set up any validation rules yet.
Note
Since you haven’t told the Validation class to validate anything
yet, it returns false (boolean false) by default. The validate()
method only returns true if it has successfully applied your rules without
any of them failing.
Explanation¶
You’ll notice several things about the above pages:
The form (Signup.php) is a standard web form with a couple of exceptions:
It uses a form helper to create the form opening. Technically, this isn’t necessary. You could create the form using standard HTML. However, the benefit of using the helper is that it generates the action URL for you, based on the URL in your config file. This makes your application more portable in the event your URLs change.
At the top of the form you’ll notice the following function call:
<?= $validation->listErrors() ?>
This function will return any error messages sent back by the validator. If there are no messages it returns an empty string.
The controller (Form.php) has one method: index()
. This method
uses the Controller-provided validate method and loads the form helper and URL
helper used by your view files. It also runs the validation routine.
Based on whether the validation was successful it either presents the
form or the success page.
Loading the Library¶
The library is loaded as a service named validation:
$validation = \Config\Services::validation();
This automatically loads the Config\Validation
file which contains settings
for including multiple Rulesets, and collections of rules that can be easily reused.
Note
You may never need to use this method, as both the Controller and the Model provide methods to make validation even easier.
Setting Validation Rules¶
CodeIgniter lets you set as many validation rules as you need for a
given field, cascading them in order. To set validation rules you
will use the setRule()
, setRules()
, or withRequest()
methods.
setRule()¶
This method sets a single rule. It takes the name of the field as the first parameter, an optional label and a string with a pipe-delimited list of rules that should be applied:
$validation->setRule('username', 'Username', 'required');
The field name must match the key of any data array that is sent in. If the data is taken directly from $_POST, then it must be an exact match for the form input name.
setRules()¶
Like, setRule()
, but accepts an array of field names and their rules:
$validation->setRules([
'username' => 'required',
'password' => 'required|min_length[10]'
]);
To give a labeled error message you can set up as:
$validation->setRules([
'username' => ['label' => 'Username', 'rules' => 'required'],
'password' => ['label' => 'Password', 'rules' => 'required|min_length[10]']
]);
withRequest()¶
One of the most common times you will use the validation library is when validating data that was input from an HTTP Request. If desired, you can pass an instance of the current Request object and it will take all of the input data and set it as the data to be validated:
$validation->withRequest($this->request)
->run();
Working with Validation¶
Validating Keys that are Arrays¶
If your data is in a nested associative array, you can use “dot array syntax” to easily validate your data:
// The data to test:
'contacts' => [
'name' => 'Joe Smith',
'friends' => [
[
'name' => 'Fred Flinstone'
],
[
'name' => 'Wilma'
]
]
]
// Joe Smith
$validation->setRules([
'contacts.name' => 'required'
]);
// Fred Flintsone & Wilma
$validation->setRules([
'contacts.friends.name' => 'required'
]);
You can use the ‘*’ wildcard symbol to match any one level of the array:
// Fred Flintsone & Wilma
$validation->setRules([
'contacts.*.name' => 'required'
]);
“dot array syntax” can also be useful when you have single dimension array data. For example, data returned by multi select dropdown:
// The data to test:
'user_ids' => [
1,
2,
3
]
// Rule
$validation->setRules([
'user_ids.*' => 'required'
]);
Saving Sets of Validation Rules to the Config File¶
A nice feature of the Validation class is that it permits you to store all your validation rules for your entire application in a config file. You organize the rules into “groups”. You can specify a different group every time you run the validation.
How to save your rules¶
To store your validation rules, simply create a new public property in the Config\Validation
class with the name of your group. This element will hold an array with your validation
rules. As shown earlier, the validation array will have this prototype:
class Validation
{
public $signup = [
'username' => 'required',
'password' => 'required',
'pass_confirm' => 'required|matches[password]',
'email' => 'required|valid_email'
];
}
You can specify the group to use when you call the run()
method:
$validation->run($data, 'signup');
You can also store custom error messages in this configuration file by naming the
property the same as the group, and appended with _errors
. These will automatically
be used for any errors when this group is used:
class Validation
{
public $signup = [
'username' => 'required',
'password' => 'required',
'pass_confirm' => 'required|matches[password]',
'email' => 'required|valid_email'
];
public $signup_errors = [
'username' => [
'required' => 'You must choose a username.',
],
'email' => [
'valid_email' => 'Please check the Email field. It does not appear to be valid.'
]
];
}
Or pass all settings in an array:
class Validation
{
public $signup = [
'username' => [
'rules' => 'required',
'errors' => [
'required' => 'You must choose a Username.'
]
],
'email' => [
'rules' => 'required|valid_email',
'errors' => [
'valid_email' => 'Please check the Email field. It does not appear to be valid.'
]
],
];
}
See below for details on the formatting of the array.
Getting & Setting Rule Groups¶
Get Rule Group
This method gets a rule group from the validation configuration:
$validation->getRuleGroup('signup');
Set Rule Group
This method sets a rule group from the validation configuration to the validation service:
$validation->setRuleGroup('signup');
Running Multiple Validations¶
Note
run()
method will not reset error state. Should a previous run fail,
run()
will always return false and getErrors()
will return
all previous errors until explicitly reset.
If you intend to run multiple validations, for instance on different data sets or with different
rules after one another, you might need to call $validation->reset()
before each run to get rid of
errors from previous run. Be aware that reset()
will invalidate any data, rule or custom error
you previously set, so setRules()
, setRuleGroup()
etc. need to be repeated:
for ($userAccounts as $user) {
$validation->reset();
$validation->setRules($userAccountRules);
if (!$validation->run($user)) {
// handle validation errors
}
}
Validation Placeholders¶
The Validation class provides a simple method to replace parts of your rules based on data that’s being passed into it. This
sounds fairly obscure but can be especially handy with the is_unique
validation rule. Placeholders are simply
the name of the field (or array key) that was passed in as $data surrounded by curly brackets. It will be
replaced by the value of the matched incoming field. An example should clarify this:
$validation->setRules([
'email' => 'required|valid_email|is_unique[users.email,id,{id}]'
]);
In this set of rules, it states that the email address should be unique in the database, except for the row that has an id matching the placeholder’s value. Assuming that the form POST data had the following:
$_POST = [
'id' => 4,
'email' =><EMAIL_ADDRESS>];
then the {id}
placeholder would be replaced with the number 4, giving this revised rule:
$validation->setRules([
'email' => 'required|valid_email|is_unique[users.email,id,4]'
]);
So it will ignore the row in the database that has id=4
when it verifies the email is unique.
This can also be used to create more dynamic rules at runtime, as long as you take care that any dynamic keys passed in don’t conflict with your form data.
Working With Errors¶
The Validation library provides several methods to help you set error messages, provide custom error messages, and retrieve one or more errors to display.
By default, error messages are derived from language strings in system/Language/en/Validation.php
, where
each rule has an entry.
Setting Custom Error Messages¶
Both the setRule()
and setRules()
methods can accept an array of custom messages
that will be used as errors specific to each field as their last parameter. This allows
for a very pleasant experience for the user since the errors are tailored to each
instance. If not custom error message is provided, the default value will be used.
These are two ways to provide custom error messages.
As the last parameter:
$validation->setRules([
'username' => 'required|is_unique[users.username]',
'password' => 'required|min_length[10]'
],
[ // Errors
'username' => [
'required' => 'All accounts must have usernames provided',
],
'password' => [
'min_length' => 'Your password is too short. You want to get hacked?'
]
]
);
Or as a labeled style:
$validation->setRules([
'username' => [
'label' => 'Username',
'rules' => 'required|is_unique[users.username]',
'errors' => [
'required' => 'All accounts must have {field} provided'
]
],
'password' => [
'label' => 'Password',
'rules' => 'required|min_length[10]',
'errors' => [
'min_length' => 'Your {field} is too short. You want to get hacked?'
]
]
]
);
If you’d like to include a field’s “human” name, or the optional parameter some rules allow for (such as max_length),
or the value that was validated you can add the {field}
, {param}
and {value}
tags to your message, respectively:
'min_length' => 'Supplied value ({value}) for {field} must have at least {param} characters.'
On a field with the human name Username and a rule of min_length[6] with a value of “Pizza”, an error would display: “Supplied value (Pizza) for Username must have at least 6 characters.”
Note
If you pass the last parameter the labeled style error messages will be ignored.
Translation Of Messages And Validation Labels¶
To use translated strings from language files, we can simply use the dot syntax.
Let’s say we have a file with translations located here: app/Languages/en/Rules.php
.
We can simply use the language lines defined in this file, like this:
$validation->setRules([
'username' => [
'label' => 'Rules.username',
'rules' => 'required|is_unique[users.username]',
'errors' => [
'required' => 'Rules.username.required'
]
],
'password' => [
'label' => 'Rules.password',
'rules' => 'required|min_length[10]',
'errors' => [
'min_length' => 'Rules.password.min_length'
]
]
]
);
Getting All Errors¶
If you need to retrieve all error messages for failed fields, you can use the getErrors()
method:
$errors = $validation->getErrors();
// Returns:
[
'field1' => 'error message',
'field2' => 'error message',
]
If no errors exist, an empty array will be returned.
Getting a Single Error¶
You can retrieve the error for a single field with the getError()
method. The only parameter is the field
name:
$error = $validation->getError('username');
If no error exists, an empty string will be returned.
Check If Error Exists¶
You can check to see if an error exists with the hasError()
method. The only parameter is the field name:
if ($validation->hasError('username'))
{
echo $validation->getError('username');
}
Customizing Error Display¶
When you call $validation->listErrors()
or $validation->showError()
, it loads a view file in the background
that determines how the errors are displayed. By default, they display with a class of errors
on the wrapping div.
You can easily create new views and use them throughout your application.
Creating the Views¶
The first step is to create custom views. These can be placed anywhere that the view()
method can locate them,
which means the standard View directory, or any namespaced View folder will work. For example, you could create
a new view at /app/Views/_errors_list.php:

<?php foreach ($errors as $error) : ?>

<?= esc($error) ?>

<?php endforeach ?>

An array named $errors
is available within the view that contains a list of the errors, where the key is
the name of the field that had the error, and the value is the error message, like this:
$errors = [
'username' => 'The username field must be unique.',
'email' => 'You must provide a valid email address.'
];
There are actually two types of views that you can create. The first has an array of all of the errors, and is what
we just looked at. The other type is simpler, and only contains a single variable, $error
that contains the
error message. This is used with the showError()
method where a field must be specified:
<?= esc($error) ?>
Configuration¶
Once you have your views created, you need to let the Validation library know about them. Open Config/Validation.php
.
Inside, you’ll find the $templates
property where you can list as many custom views as you want, and provide an
short alias they can be referenced by. If we were to add our example file from above, it would look something like:
public $templates = [
'list' => 'CodeIgniter\Validation\Views\list',
'single' => 'CodeIgniter\Validation\Views\single',
'my_list' => '_errors_list'
];
Specifying the Template¶
You can specify the template to use by passing it’s alias as the first parameter in listErrors
:
<?= $validation->listErrors('my_list') ?>
When showing field-specific errors, you can pass the alias as the second parameter to the showError
method,
right after the name of the field the error should belong to:
<?= $validation->showError('username', 'my_single') ?>
Creating Custom Rules¶
Rules are stored within simple, namespaced classes. They can be stored any location you would like, as long as the
autoloader can find it. These files are called RuleSets. To add a new RuleSet, edit Config/Validation.php and
add the new file to the $ruleSets
array:
public $ruleSets = [
\CodeIgniter\Validation\Rules::class,
\CodeIgniter\Validation\FileRules::class,
\CodeIgniter\Validation\CreditCardRules::class,
];
You can add it as either a simple string with the fully qualified class name, or using the ::class
suffix as
shown above. The primary benefit here is that it provides some extra navigation capabilities in more advanced IDEs.
Within the file itself, each method is a rule and must accept a string as the first parameter, and must return a boolean true or false value signifying true if it passed the test or false if it did not:
class MyRules
{
public function even(string $str): bool
{
return (int)$str % 2 == 0;
}
}
By default, the system will look within CodeIgniter\Language\en\Validation.php
for the language strings used
within errors. In custom rules, you may provide error messages by accepting a $error variable by reference in the
second parameter:
public function even(string $str, string &$error = null): bool
{
if ((int)$str % 2 != 0)
{
$error = lang('myerrors.evenError');
return false;
}
return true;
}
Your new custom rule could now be used just like any other rule:
$this->validate($request, [
'foo' => 'required|even'
]);
Allowing Parameters¶
If your method needs to work with parameters, the function will need a minimum of three parameters: the string to validate,
the parameter string, and an array with all of the data that was submitted the form. The $data array is especially handy
for rules like require_with
that needs to check the value of another submitted field to base its result on:
public function required_with($str, string $fields, array $data): bool
{
$fields = explode(',', $fields);
// If the field is present we can safely assume that
// the field is here, no matter whether the corresponding
// search field is present or not.
$present = $this->required($str ?? '');
if ($present)
{
return true;
}
// Still here? Then we fail this test if
// any of the fields are present in $data
// as $fields is the lis
$requiredFields = [];
foreach ($fields as $field)
{
if (array_key_exists($field, $data))
{
$requiredFields[] = $field;
}
}
// Remove any keys with empty values since, that means they
// weren't truly there, as far as this is concerned.
$requiredFields = array_filter($requiredFields, function ($item) use ($data) {
return ! empty($data[$item]);
});
return empty($requiredFields);
}
Custom errors can be returned as the fourth parameter, just as described above.
Available Rules¶
The following is a list of all the native rules that are available to use:
Note
Rule is a string; there must be no spaces between the parameters, especially the is_unique
rule.
There can be no spaces before and after ignore_value
.
// is_unique[table.field,ignore_field,ignore_value]
$validation->setRules([
'name' => "is_unique[supplier.name,uuid, $uuid]", // is not ok
'name' => "is_unique[supplier.name,uuid,$uuid ]", // is not ok
'name' => "is_unique[supplier.name,uuid,$uuid]", // is ok
'name' => "is_unique[supplier.name,uuid,{uuid}]", // is ok - see "Validation Placeholders"
]);
| Rule | Parameter | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| alpha | No | Fails if field has anything other than alphabetic characters. | |
| alpha_space | No | Fails if field contains anything other than alphabetic characters or spaces. | |
| alpha_dash | No | Fails if field contains anything other than alphanumeric characters, underscores or dashes. | |
| alpha_numeric | No | Fails if field contains anything other than alphanumeric characters. | |
| alpha_numeric_space | No | Fails if field contains anything other than alphanumeric or space characters. | |
| alpha_numeric_punct | No | Fails if field contains anything other than alphanumeric, space, or this limited set of punctuation characters: ~ (tilde), ! (exclamation), # (number), $ (dollar), % (percent), & (ampersand), * (asterisk), - (dash), _ (underscore), + (plus), = (equals), | (vertical bar), : (colon), . (period). | |
| decimal | No | Fails if field contains anything other than a decimal number. Also accepts a + or - sign for the number. | |
| differs | Yes | Fails if field does not differ from the one in the parameter. | differs[field_name] |
| exact_length | Yes | Fails if field is not exactly the parameter value. One or more comma-separated values. | exact_length[5] or exact_length[5,8,12] |
| greater_than | Yes | Fails if field is less than or equal to the parameter value or not numeric. | greater_than[8] |
| greater_than_equal_to | Yes | Fails if field is less than the parameter value, or not numeric. | greater_than_equal_to[5] |
| hex | No | Fails if field contains anything other than hexadecimal characters. | |
| if_exist | No | If this rule is present, validation will only return possible errors if the field key exists, regardless of its value. | |
| in_list | Yes | Fails if field is not within a predetermined list. | in_list[red,blue,green] |
| integer | No | Fails if field contains anything other than an integer. | |
| is_natural | No | Fails if field contains anything other than a natural number: 0, 1, 2, 3, etc. | |
| is_natural_no_zero | No | Fails if field contains anything other than a natural number, except zero: 1, 2, 3, etc. | |
| is_not_unique | Yes | Checks the database to see if the given value exist. Can ignore records by field/value to filter (currently accept only one filter). | is_not_unique[table.field,where_field,where_value] |
| is_unique | Yes | Checks if this field value exists in the database. Optionally set a column and value to ignore, useful when updating records to ignore itself. | is_unique[table.field,ignore_field,ignore_value] |
| less_than | Yes | Fails if field is greater than or equal to the parameter value or not numeric. | less_than[8] |
| less_than_equal_to | Yes | Fails if field is greater than the parameter value or not numeric. | less_than_equal_to[8] |
| matches | Yes | The value must match the value of the field in the parameter. | matches[field] |
| max_length | Yes | Fails if field is longer than the parameter value. | max_length[8] |
| min_length | Yes | Fails if field is shorter than the parameter value. | min_length[3] |
| not_in_list | Yes | Fails if field is within a predetermined list. | not_in_list[red,blue,green] |
| numeric | No | Fails if field contains anything other than numeric characters. | |
| regex_match | Yes | Fails if field does not match the regular expression. | regex_match[/regex/] |
| permit_empty | No | Allows the field to receive an empty array, empty string, null or false. | |
| required | No | Fails if the field is an empty array, empty string, null or false. | |
| required_with | Yes | The field is required when any of the other required fields are present in the data. | required_with[field1,field2] |
| required_without | Yes | The field is required when all of the other fields are present in the data but not required. | required_without[field1,field2] |
| string | No | A generic alternative to the alpha* rules that confirms the element is a string | |
| timezone | No | Fails if field does match a timezone per timezone_identifiers_list |
|
| valid_base64 | No | Fails if field contains anything other than valid Base64 characters. | |
| valid_json | No | Fails if field does not contain a valid JSON string. | |
| valid_email | No | Fails if field does not contain a valid email address. | |
| valid_emails | No | Fails if any value provided in a comma separated list is not a valid email. | |
| valid_ip | No | Fails if the supplied IP is not valid. Accepts an optional parameter of ‘ipv4’ or ‘ipv6’ to specify an IP format. | valid_ip[ipv6] |
| valid_url | No | Fails if field does not contain a valid URL. | |
| valid_date | No | Fails if field does not contain a valid date. Accepts an optional parameter to matches a date format. | valid_date[d/m/Y] |
| valid_cc_number | Yes | Verifies that the credit card number matches the format used by the specified provider. Current supported providers are: American Express (amex), China Unionpay (unionpay), Diners Club CarteBlance (carteblanche), Diners Club (dinersclub), Discover Card (discover), Interpayment (interpayment), JCB (jcb), Maestro (maestro), Dankort (dankort), NSPK MIR (mir), Troy (troy), MasterCard (mastercard), Visa (visa), UATP (uatp), Verve (verve), CIBC Convenience Card (cibc), Royal Bank of Canada Client Card (rbc), TD Canada Trust Access Card (tdtrust), Scotiabank Scotia Card (scotia), BMO ABM Card (bmoabm), HSBC Canada Card (hsbc) | valid_cc_number[amex] |
Rules for File Uploads¶
These validation rules enable you to do the basic checks you might need to verify that uploaded files meet your business needs. Since the value of a file upload HTML field doesn’t exist, and is stored in the $_FILES global, the name of the input field will need to be used twice. Once to specify the field name as you would for any other rule, but again as the first parameter of all file upload related rules:
// In the HTML
<input type="file" name="avatar">
// In the controller
$this->validate([
'avatar' => 'uploaded[avatar]|max_size[avatar,1024]'
]);
| Rule | Parameter | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| uploaded | Yes | Fails if the name of the parameter does not match the name of any uploaded files. | uploaded[field_name] |
| max_size | Yes | Fails if the uploaded file named in the parameter is larger than the second parameter in
kilobytes (kb). Or if the file is larger than allowed maximum size declared in
php.ini config file - upload_max_filesize directive. |
max_size[field_name,2048] |
| max_dims | Yes | Fails if the maximum width and height of an uploaded image exceed values. The first parameter is the field name. The second is the width, and the third is the height. Will also fail if the file cannot be determined to be an image. | max_dims[field_name,300,150] |
| mime_in | Yes | Fails if the file’s mime type is not one listed in the parameters. | mime_in[field_name,image/png,image/jpg] |
| ext_in | Yes | Fails if the file’s extension is not one listed in the parameters. | ext_in[field_name,png,jpg,gif] |
| is_image | Yes | Fails if the file cannot be determined to be an image based on the mime type. | is_image[field_name] |
The file validation rules apply for both single and multiple file uploads.
Note
You can also use any native PHP functions that permit up to two parameters, where at least one is required (to pass the field data).


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§467-24 Maximum liability. Notwithstanding any other provision, the liability of the real estate recovery fund shall not exceed $50,000 for any one licensee. [L 1967, c 187, pt of §1; HRS §467-24; am L 1977, c 197, §2; am L 1983, c 116, §7]
Case Notes
Change in maximum liability of recovery fund did not apply to cases where cause of action accrued before change took effect. 64 H. 74, 636 P.2d 1344 (1981).


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| Wednesday | Thursday | Friday | Saturday | Sunday | Monday | Tuesday |
July 6-8 7:30 | July 9-12 Roman Holiday (1953) 7:30 (plus 3:35 Sat/Sun) Midnight (1939) 5:45, 9:40 |
|||||
July 13-15 Morocco (1930) 7:30 Shanghai Express (1932) 5:55, 9:15 |
July 16-19 State of the Union (1948) 7:30 (plus 3:40 Sat/Sun) Bedtime for Bonzo (1951) 5:55, 9:45 |
|||||
July 20-22 The Miracle of Morgan's Creek (1944) 5:35, 9:00 |
July 23-26 Mr. Smith Goes to Washington (1939) 7:30 (plus 3:25 Sat/Sun) Lady for a Day (1933) 5:45, 9:50 |
July 27-29 It Should Happen to You (1954) 5:50, 9:25 |
July 30-August 2 Sabrina (1954) 7:30 (plus 3:45 Sat/Sun) Beat the Devil (1953) 5:50, 9:35 |
August 3-5 A Midsummer Night's Dream (1935) 7:30 Duck Soup (1935) 6:10, 9:55 |
August 6-9 Gigi (1958) 7:30 (plus 3:35 Sat/Sun) The Reluctant Debutante (1958) 5:40, 9:35 |
August 10-12 Top Hat (1935) 7:30 The Gay Divorcee (1934) 5:35, 9:20 |
August 13-16 Love in the Afternoon (1957) 7:30 (plus 3:30 Sat/Sun) Love Me Tonight (1932) 5:50, 9:50 |
August 17-19 Hamlet (1948) 7:30 To Be or Not To Be (1942) 5:40, 10:10 |
August 20-23 Meet Me in St. Louis (1944) 7:30 (plus 3:20 Sat/Sun) The Band Wagon (1953) 5:25, 9:35 |
August 24-26 The Cat and the Canary (1939) 7:30 The Ghost Breakers (1940) 5:55, 8:55 |
August 27-30 The Philadelphia Story (1940) 7:30 (plus 3:45 Sat/Sun) The Palm Beach Story (1942) 5:50, 9:35 |
August 31-September 2 The Prisoner of Zenda (1937) 5:35, 9:45 |
September 3-6 High Noon (1952) 7:30 (plus 4:10 Sat/Sun) Destry Rides Again (1939) 5:45, 9:05 |
September 7-9 Dodsworth (1936) 7:30 Female (1933) 6:20, 9:25 |
September 10-13 All About Eve (1950) 7:30 (plus 3:05 Sat/Sun) The Ghost and Mrs. Muir (1947) 5:35, 10:00 |
September 14-16 Julius Caesar (1953) 7:30 Animal Crackers (1930) 5:40, 9:40 |
Program is subject to change without notice. |
| Wednesday | Thursday | Friday | Saturday | Sunday | Monday | Tuesday |


--- layout: page-with-toc color: purple title: Accommodation headings: "other-hotels,hotels" ---
Other than these pre-booked hotels, there are a large number of hotels that you can use during the conference. Aswell as staying in Heidelberg, you can also choose to stay in nearby towns and cities such as Mannheim. There are fairly regular connections between Heidelberg and Mannheim both via the local train network and using trams. There are connections throughout the night on Friday and Saturday, but limited connections on Sunday night (last train around 1am on Monday morning).
If you're on a low budget you might consider the Youth Hostel Heidelberg International, which is located within walking distance of the SotM conference venue. If you prefer to camp, there are a few camp sites not very far from Heidelberg.
!outdated information! Please not that the following information is about a now expired offer, and is left here on the website for future reference only.
There are many hotels in and around Heidelberg covering a range of prices. To make things easier, we have organised with Heidelberg Tourism some hotels that have been pre-booked for the SotM conference with special rates. The rooms can be booked via this booking platform. Note that some hotels are only available during SOTM or HOT summit, not both.
If you want to extend your stay in Heidelberg beyond the SOTM and HOT summit, please send your booking request mentioning “State of the Map” and your preferred dates and hotel to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>The Hotel NH offers a more "high-end" stay for the conference being a 4 star hotel.
The Ibis hotel offers a more budget accommodation, and is situated right next to Heidelberg's main train station.
Star Inn Hotel & is a fairly new and large hotel located within walking distance to the main train station.
Denner is a hotel with a little more character, with no two rooms being the same.
If you prefer staying in a hostel we have arranged a number of beds in dormitories at Steffi's Hostel. For booking here, you need to contact the hostel directly mentioning the word "State of the map" and/or "HOT Summit".


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Higuain scores 2 as Juventus rallies to win 3-1 at Atalanta
by DANIELLA MATARMILAN (AP) - Gonzalo Higuain scored twice as Juventus came from behind to win at Atalanta 3-1 in Serie A on Saturday.
League leader Juventus moved four points above Inter Milan, which hosted Torino late.
Robin Gosens opened the scoring for Atalanta early in the second half but Higuain netted twice in eight minutes and set up Paulo Dybala in stoppage time.
Juventus was without Cristiano Ronaldo, having left the forward at home so he’s fully fit on Tuesday for the Champions League match against Atletico Madrid.
Atalanta hadn’t beaten Juventus in Serie A since 2001 but had a great chance to take the lead in the 17th minute when it was awarded a penalty after Sami Khedira intercepted Alejandro “Papu” Gomez’s flick with his arm. But Musa Barrow hit the crossbar and Mario Pasalic headed the rebound over.
Atalanta dominated but was kept at bay by some fine saves from Wojciech Szczesny, while Juventus defenders Mattia De Sciglio and Matthijs de Ligt combined to desperately block a Hans Hateboer effort.
Atalanta finally broke the deadlock 11 minutes into the second half when Barrow crossed from just inside the right side of the penalty area for an unmarked Gosens to head in at the back post.
Juventus leveled in the 74th as the ball came to Higuain in a scramble in the penalty area and his swiveling effort was deflected into the bottom right corner.
There was controversy around Higuain’s second as there appeared to be a handball from teammate Juan Cuadrado in the buildup.
Atalanta players were furious and called for an on-field review but the video assistant referee deemed it unnecessary.
Higuain turned provider in stoppage time with a delightful cross-field ball for Dybala to extend Atalanta’s winless run to five matches.
More AP soccer: https://apnews.com/Soccer and https://twitter.com/AP_Sports
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Timberwolves unveil new MSP city edition uniform
by FOX Sports NorthThe Minnesota Timberwolves released their city edition uniform for the 2019-20 season on Wednesday, a jersey that represents both of the Twin Cities — Minneapolis and St. Paul.
The jersey, colored ice cool and sky blue, reflects “the blue waters that are ubiquitous throughout the cities, namely the Mississippi River, which is outlined on the left side of the uniform,” according to Timberwolves.com.
Minnesota will wear these jerseys for nine games during the 2019-20 season — four times on the road and five times at the Target Center (Dec. 13, Jan. 24, Feb. 21, March 6 and April 15).
“The two cities of Minneapolis and St. Paul are full of diverse people, neighborhoods, and communities that make up the DNA of the Twin Cities,” Timberwolves and Lynx CEO Ethan Casson said in a statement. “The MSP City Edition uniform celebrates them, what they do to make our Cities thrive, and why the Timberwolves are proud to call the Twin Cities our home.”
Minnesota returns to play Wednesday night against the Utah Jazz at home.


Hilarious history of the C family of languages. If you don't know why C++ should be ++C, might not be as funny. http://tinyurl.com/m3wegq
7/13/2009, 2:26:34 PM
Favs: 0
Retweets: 0
link--- layout: tweet ---
Hilarious history of the C family of languages. If you don't know why C++ should be ++C, might not be as funny. http://tinyurl.com/m3wegq
7/13/2009, 2:26:34 PM
Favs: 0
Retweets: 0
link


- Open Scene
- Alice and Bob are at home in their apartment. Alice just walked in.
- Alice
- Hey Bob. You'll never believe who I ran into at the gym.
- Bob
- People who like to torture themselves?
- (laugher)
- Alice
- No! Our old neighbor, Chris!
- Bob
- Oh yeah- Chris! How is he?
- Alice
- Not great. He's recovering from an accident.
- Bob
- Oh no! What happened?
- Alice
- He ran into me at the gym...
- (laughter, end scene)