PKCS #11 Cryptographic Token Interface Current Mechanisms Specification Version 2.40 Plus Errata 01
OASIS Standard Incorporating Approved Errata 01
13 May 2016
Specification URIs
This version:
http://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-curr/v2.40/errata01/os/pkcs11-curr-v2.40-errata01-os-complete.doc (Authoritative)
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http://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-curr/v2.40/os/pkcs11-curr-v2.40-os.doc (Authoritative)
http://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-curr/v2.40/os/pkcs11-curr-v2.40-os.html
http://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-curr/v2.40/os/pkcs11-curr-v2.40-os.pdf
Latest version:
http://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-curr/v2.40/pkcs11-curr-v2.40.doc (Authoritative)
http://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-curr/v2.40/pkcs11-curr-v2.40.html
http://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-curr/v2.40/pkcs11-curr-v2.40.pdf
Technical Committee:
Chairs:
Valerie Fenwick (valerie.fenwick@oracle.com), Oracle
Robert Relyea (rrelyea@redhat.com), Red Hat
Editors:
Susan Gleeson (susan.gleeson@oracle.com), Oracle
Chris Zimman (chris@wmpp.com), Individual
Robert Griffin (robert.griffin@emc.com), EMC Corporation
Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com), Cryptsoft Pty Ltd
Additional artifacts:
· PKCS #11 Cryptographic Token Interface Current Mechanisms Specification Version 2.40 Errata 01. Edited by Robert Griffin and Tim Hudson. 13 May 2016. OASIS Approved Errata. http://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-curr/v2.40/errata01/os/pkcs11-curr-v2.40-errata01-os.html.
This specification replaces or supersedes:
This specification is related to:
Abstract:
This document defines mechanisms that are anticipated for use with the current version of PKCS #11.
Status:
This document was last revised or approved by the OASIS PKCS 11 TC on the above date. The level of approval is also listed above. Check the “Latest version” location noted above for possible later revisions of this document. Any other numbered Versions and other technical work produced by the Technical Committee (TC) are listed at https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=pkcs11#technical.
TC members should send comments on this specification to the TC’s email list. Others should send comments to the TC’s public comment list, after subscribing to it by following the instructions at the “Send A Comment” button on the TC’s web page at https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/pkcs11/.
For information on whether any patents have been disclosed that may be essential to implementing this specification, and any offers of patent licensing terms, please refer to the Intellectual Property Rights section of the TC’s web page (https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/pkcs11/ipr.php).
Citation format:
When referencing this specification the following citation format should be used:
[PKCS11-curr-v2.40]
PKCS #11 Cryptographic Token Interface Current Mechanisms Specification Version 2.40 Plus Errata 01. Edited by Susan Gleeson, Chris Zimman, Robert Griffin and Tim Hudson. 13 May 2016. OASIS Standard Incorporating Approved Errata 01. http://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-curr/v2.40/errata01/os/pkcs11-curr-v2.40-errata01-os-complete.html. Latest version: http://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-curr/v2.40/pkcs11-curr-v2.40.pdf.
Notices
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Table of Contents
2.1.4 PKCS #1 RSA key pair generation
2.1.5 X9.31 RSA key pair generation
2.1.7 PKCS #1 RSA OAEP mechanism parameters
2.1.9 PKCS #1 RSA PSS mechanism parameters
2.1.15 PKCS #1 v1.5 RSA signature with SHA-224
2.1.16 PKCS #1 RSA PSS signature with SHA-224
2.1.17 PKCS #1 RSA PSS signature with SHA-1, SHA-256, SHA-384 or SHA-512
2.1.18 ANSI X9.31 RSA signature with SHA-1
2.1.19 TPM 1.1b and TPM 1.2 PKCS #1 v1.5 RSA
2.1.20 TPM 1.1b and TPM 1.2 PKCS #1 RSA OAEP
2.1.22 RSA AES KEY WRAP mechanism parameters
2.2.5 DSA domain parameter objects
2.2.7 DSA domain parameter generation
2.2.8 DSA probabilistic domain parameter generation
2.2.9 DSA Shawe-Taylor domain parameter generation
2.2.10 DSA base domain parameter generation
2.3.3 ECDSA public key objects
2.3.4 Elliptic curve private key objects
2.3.5 Elliptic curve key pair generation
2.3.9 Elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman key derivation
2.3.10 Elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman with cofactor key derivation
2.3.11 Elliptic curve Menezes-Qu-Vanstone key derivation
2.3.13 ECDH AES KEY WRAP mechanism parameters
2.4.2 Diffie-Hellman public key objects
2.4.3 X9.42 Diffie-Hellman public key objects
2.4.4 Diffie-Hellman private key objects
2.4.5 X9.42 Diffie-Hellman private key objects
2.4.6 Diffie-Hellman domain parameter objects
2.4.7 X9.42 Diffie-Hellman domain parameters objects
2.4.8 PKCS #3 Diffie-Hellman key pair generation.
2.4.9 PKCS #3 Diffie-Hellman domain parameter generation
2.4.10 PKCS #3 Diffie-Hellman key derivation
2.4.11 X9.42 Diffie-Hellman mechanism parameters
2.4.12 X9.42 Diffie-Hellman key pair generation
2.4.13 X9.42 Diffie-Hellman domain parameter generation
2.4.14 X9.42 Diffie-Hellman key derivation
2.4.15 X9.42 Diffie-Hellman hybrid key derivation
2.4.16 X9.42 Diffie-Hellman Menezes-Qu-Vanstone key derivation
2.5 Wrapping/unwrapping private keys
2.6.2 Generic secret key objects
2.6.3 Generic secret key generation
2.8.6 AES-CBC with PKCS padding
2.9.2 AES with Counter mechanism parameters
2.9.3 AES with Counter Encryption / Decryption
2.10 AES CBC with Cipher Text Stealing CTS
2.10.2 AES CTS mechanism parameters
2.11 Additional AES Mechanisms
2.12 AES-GCM Authenticated Encryption / Decryption.
2.12.1 AES-CCM authenticated Encryption / Decryption
2.12.3 AES GCM and CCM Mechanism parameters
2.12.4 AES-GCM authenticated Encryption / Decryption
2.12.5 AES-CCM authenticated Encryption / Decryption
2.13.3 General-length AES-CMAC
2.14.2 AES Key Wrap Mechanism parameters
2.15 Key derivation by data encryption – DES & AES
2.16 Double and Triple-length DES
2.16.2 DES2 secret key objects
2.16.3 DES3 secret key objects
2.16.4 Double-length DES key generation
2.16.5 Triple-length DES Order of Operations.
2.16.6 Triple-length DES in CBC Mode
2.16.7 DES and Triple length DES in OFB Mode
2.16.8 DES and Triple length DES in CFB Mode
2.17 Double and Triple-length DES CMAC
2.17.3 General-length DES3-MAC
2.18.3 General-length SHA-1-HMAC
2.19.3 General-length SHA-224-HMAC
2.20.3 General-length SHA-256-HMAC
2.21.3 General-length SHA-384-HMAC
2.22.3 General-length SHA-512-HMAC
2.23.3 General-length SHA-512-HMAC
2.23.5 SHA-512/224 key derivation
2.24.3 General-length SHA-512-HMAC
2.24.5 SHA-512/256 key derivation
2.25.3 General-length SHA-512-HMAC
2.25.5 SHA-512/t key derivation
2.26 PKCS #5 and PKCS #5-style password-based encryption (PBE)
2.26.2 Password-based encryption/authentication mechanism parameters
2.26.3 PKCS #5 PBKDF2 key generation mechanism parameters
2.26.4 PKCS #5 PBKD2 key generation
2.27 PKCS #12 password-based encryption/authentication mechanisms
2.27.1 SHA-1-PBE for 3-key triple-DES-CBC
2.27.2 SHA-1-PBE for 2-key triple-DES-CBC
2.27.3 SHA-1-PBA for SHA-1-HMAC
2.28.2 SSL mechanism parameters
2.28.3 Pre-master key generation
2.28.5 Master key derivation for Diffie-Hellman
2.28.8 SHA-1 MACing in SSL 3.0
2.29.2 TLS 1.2 mechanism parameters
2.29.5 Master key derivation for Diffie-Hellman
2.29.7 CKM_TLS12_KEY_SAFE_DERIVE
2.29.8 Generic Key Derivation using the TLS PRF
2.30.2 WTLS mechanism parameters
2.30.3 Pre master secret key generation for RSA key exchange suite
2.30.4 Master secret key derivation
2.30.5 Master secret key derivation for Diffie-Hellman and Elliptic Curve Cryptography
2.30.6 WTLS PRF (pseudorandom function)
2.30.7 Server Key and MAC derivation
2.30.8 Client key and MAC derivation
2.31 Miscellaneous simple key derivation mechanisms
2.31.2 Parameters for miscellaneous simple key derivation mechanisms
2.31.3 Concatenation of a base key and another key
2.31.4 Concatenation of a base key and data
2.31.5 Concatenation of data and a base key
2.31.6 XORing of a key and data
2.31.7 Extraction of one key from another key.
2.32.2 CMS Signature Mechanism Objects
2.32.3 CMS mechanism parameters
2.33.2 BLOWFISH secret key objects
2.33.3 Blowfish key generation
2.33.5 Blowfish-CBC with PKCS padding
2.34.2 Twofish secret key objects
2.34.5 Twofish-CBC with PKCS padding
2.35.2 Camellia secret key objects
2.35.3 Camellia key generation
2.35.6 Camellia-CBC with PKCS padding
2.35.7 General-length Camellia-MAC
2.36 Key derivation by data encryption - Camellia
2.37.2 Aria secret key objects
2.37.6 ARIA-CBC with PKCS padding
2.37.7 General-length ARIA-MAC
2.38 Key derivation by data encryption - ARIA
2.39.2 SEED secret key objects
2.39.6 SEED-CBC with PKCS padding
2.39.7 General-length SEED-MAC
2.40 Key derivation by data encryption - SEED
2.41.2 Case 1: Generation of OTP values
2.41.3 Case 2: Verification of provided OTP values.
2.41.4 Case 3: Generation of OTP keys
2.41.6 OTP-related notifications
2.41.9 RSA SecurID key generation
2.41.10 RSA SecurID OTP generation and validation.
2.41.14 ACTI OTP generation and validation
2.42.1 Principles of Operation
2.42.4 CT-KIP Mechanism parameters
2.42.6 CT-KIP key wrap and key unwrap
2.42.7 CT-KIP signature generation
2.44.2 GOST 28147-89 secret key objects
2.44.3 GOST 28147-89 domain parameter objects
2.44.4 GOST 28147-89 key generation
2.44.6 GOST 28147-89 encryption mode except ECB
2.44.9 GOST R 34.11-94 domain parameter objects
2.44.10 GOST R 34.11-94 digest
2.45.2 GOST R 34.10-2001 public key objects
2.45.3 GOST R 34.10-2001 private key objects
2.45.4 GOST R 34.10-2001 domain parameter objects.
2.45.5 GOST R 34.10-2001 mechanism parameters
2.45.6 GOST R 34.10-2001 key pair generation
2.45.7 GOST R 34.10-2001 without hashing
2.45.8 GOST R 34.10-2001 with GOST R 34.11-94
2.45.9 GOST 28147-89 keys wrapping/unwrapping with GOST R 34.10-2001
3 PKCS #11 Implementation Conformance
Appendix B. Manifest Constants
This document defines mechanisms that are anticipated to be used with the current version of PKCS #11.
All text is normative unless otherwise labeled.
The key words “MUST”, “MUST NOT”, “REQUIRED”, “SHALL”, “SHALL NOT”, “SHOULD”, “SHOULD NOT”, “RECOMMENDED”, “MAY”, and “OPTIONAL” in this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119]
For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply. Please refer to the [PKCS#11-Base] for further definitions:
AES Advanced Encryption Standard, as defined in FIPS PUB 197.
CAMELLIA The Camellia encryption algorithm, as defined in RFC 3713.
BLOWFISH The Blowfish Encryption Algorithm of Bruce Schneier, www.schneier.com.
CBC Cipher-Block Chaining mode, as defined in FIPS PUB 81.
CDMF Commercial Data Masking Facility, a block encipherment method specified by International Business Machines Corporation and based on DES.
CMAC Cipher-based Message Authenticate Code as defined in [NIST sp800-38b] and [RFC 4493].
CMS Cryptographic Message Syntax (see RFC 2630)
CT-KIP Cryptographic Token Key Initialization Protocol (as defined in [[CT-KIP])
DES Data Encryption Standard, as defined in FIPS PUB 46-3.
DSA Digital Signature Algorithm, as defined in FIPS PUB 186-2.
EC Elliptic Curve
ECB Electronic Codebook mode, as defined in FIPS PUB 81.
ECDH Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman.
ECDSA Elliptic Curve DSA, as in ANSI X9.62.
ECMQV Elliptic Curve Menezes-Qu-Vanstone
GOST 28147-89 The encryption algorithm, as defined in Part 2 [GOST 28147-89] and [RFC 4357] [RFC 4490], and RFC [4491].
GOST R 34.11-94 Hash algorithm, as defined in [GOST R 34.11-94] and [RFC 4357], [RFC 4490], and [RFC 4491].
GOST R 34.10-2001 The digital signature algorithm, as defined in [GOST R 34.10-2001] and [RFC 4357], [RFC 4490], and [RFC 4491].
IV Initialization Vector.
MAC Message Authentication Code.
MQV Menezes-Qu-Vanstone
OAEP Optimal Asymmetric Encryption Padding for RSA.
PKCS Public-Key Cryptography Standards.
PRF Pseudo random function.
PTD Personal Trusted Device, as defined in MeT-PTD
RSA The RSA public-key cryptosystem.
SHA-1 The (revised) Secure Hash Algorithm with a 160-bit message digest, as defined in FIPS PUB 180-2.
SHA-224 The Secure Hash Algorithm with a 224-bit message digest, as defined in RFC 3874. Also defined in FIPS PUB 180-2 with Change Notice 1.
SHA-256 The Secure Hash Algorithm with a 256-bit message digest, as defined in FIPS PUB 180-2.
SHA-384 The Secure Hash Algorithm with a 384-bit message digest, as defined in FIPS PUB 180-2.
SHA-512 The Secure Hash Algorithm with a 512-bit message digest, as defined in FIPS PUB 180-2.
SSL The Secure Sockets Layer 3.0 protocol.
SO A Security Officer user.
TLS Transport Layer Security.
WIM Wireless Identification Module.
WTLS Wireless Transport Layer Security.
[ARIA] National Security
Research Institute, Korea, “Block Cipher Algorithm ARIA”,
URL: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5794
[BLOWFISH] B. Schneier. Description of a New
Variable-Length Key, 64-Bit Block Cipher (Blowfish), December 1993.
URL: https://www.schneier.com/paper-blowfish-fse.html
[CAMELLIA] M.
Matsui, J. Nakajima, S. Moriai. A Description of the Camellia Encryption
Algorithm, April 2004.
URL: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3713.txt
[CDMF] Johnson, D.B The Commercial Data
Masking Facility (CDMF) data privacy algorithm, March 1994.
URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=5389557
[DH] W. Diffie, M. Hellman. New
Directions in Cryptography. Nov, 1976.
URL: http://www-ee.stanford.edu/~hellman/publications/24.pdf
[FIPS PUB 81] NIST. FIPS 81: DES Modes of Operation. December 1980.
URL: http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips81/fips81.htm
[FIPS PUB 186-4] NIST.
FIPS 186-4: Digital Signature Standard. July 2013.
URL: http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/FIPS/NIST.FIPS.186-4.pdf
[FIPS PUB 197] NIST.
FIPS 197: Advanced Encryption Standard. November 26, 2001.
URL: http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips197/fips-197.pdf
[GOST] V. Dolmatov, A. Degtyarev. GOST
R. 34.11-2012: Hash Function. August 2013.
URL: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6986
[MD2] B. Kaliski. RSA Laboratories. The MD2 Message-Digest
Algorithm. April, 1992.
URL: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1319
[MD5] RSA Data Security. R. Rivest.
The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm. April, 1992.
URL: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1319
[OAEP] M. Bellare, P. Rogaway. Optimal
Asymmetric Encryption – How to Encrypt with RSA. Nov 19, 1995.
URL: http://cseweb.ucsd.edu/users/mihir/papers/oae.pdf
[PKCS #11-Base] PKCS #11 Cryptographic Token Interface Base Specification Version 2.40. Edited by Susan Gleeson and Chris Zimman. 14 April 2015. OASIS Standard. http://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-base/v2.40/os/pkcs11-base-v2.40-os.html. Latest version: http://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-base/v2.40/pkcs11-base-v2.40.html.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S.,
“Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels”, BCP 14, RFC 2119,
March 1997.
URL: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt.
[RIPEMD] H. Dobbertin, A. Bosselaers, B.
Preneel. The hash function RIPEMD-160, Feb 13, 2012.
URL: http://homes.esat.kuleuven.be/~bosselae/ripemd160.html
[SEED] KISA. SEED 128 Algorithm
Specification. Sep 2003.
URL: http://seed.kisa.or.kr/html/egovframework/iwt/ds/ko/ref/%5B2%5D_SEED+128_Specification_english_M.pdf
[SHA-1] NIST. FIPS 180-4: Secure Hash
Standard. March 2012.
URL: http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips180-4/fips-180-4.pdf
[SHA-2] NIST. FIPS 180-4: Secure Hash
Standard. March 2012.
URL: http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips180-4/fips-180-4.pdf
[TWOFISH] B. Schneier, J. Kelsey, D.
Whiting, C. Hall, N. Ferguson. Twofish: A 128-Bit Block Cipher. June 15, 1998.
URL: https://www.schneier.com/paper-twofish-paper.pdf
[CAP-1.2] Common
Alerting Protocol Version 1.2. 01 July 2010. OASIS Standard.
URL: http://docs.oasis-open.org/emergency/cap/v1.2/CAP-v1.2-os.html
[AES KEYWRAP] AES Key Wrap
Specification (Draft)
URL: http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/toolkit/documents/kms/key-wrap.pdf.
[ANSI C] ANSI/ISO. American National Standard for Programming Languages – C. 1990.
[ANSI X9.31] Accredited Standards Committee X9. Digital Signatures Using Reversible Public Key Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry (rDSA). 1998.
[ANSI X9.42] Accredited Standards Committee X9. Public Key Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry: Agreement of Symmetric Keys Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography. 2003.
[ANSI X9.62] Accredited Standards Committee X9. Public Key Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry: The Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA). 1998.
[ANSI X9.63] Accredited Standards Committee X9.
Public Key Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry: Key Agreement and
Key Transport Using Elliptic Curve Cryptography. 2001.
URL: http://webstore.ansi.org/RecordDetail.aspx?sku=X9.63-2011
[CT-KIP] RSA Laboratories. Cryptographic
Token Key Initialization Protocol. Version 1.0, December 2005.
URL: ftp://ftp.rsasecurity.com/pub/otps/ct-kip/ct-kip-v1-0.pdf.
[CC/PP] CCPP-STRUCT-VOCAB, G. Klyne, F.
Reynolds, C. , H. Ohto, J. Hjelm, M. H. Butler, L. Tran, Editors, W3C
Recommendation, 15 January 2004,
URL: http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-CCPP-struct-vocab-20040115/
Latest version available at http://www.w3.org/TR/CCPP-struct-vocab/
[NIST AES CTS] National Institute of Standards and
Technology, Addendum to NIST Special Publication 800-38A, “Recommendation for
Block Cipher Modes of Operation: Three Variants of Ciphertext Stealing for CBC
Mode”
URL: http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-38a/addendum-to-nist_sp800-38A.pdf
[PKCS #11-UG] PKCS #11 Cryptographic Token Interface Usage Guide Version 2.40. Edited by John Leiseboer and Robert Griffin. 16 November 2014. OASIS Committee Note 02. http://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-ug/v2.40/cn02/pkcs11-ug-v2.40-cn02.html. Latest version: http://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-ug/v2.40/pkcs11-ug-v2.40.html.
[RFC 2865] Rigney
et al, “Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS)”, IETF RFC2865,
June 2000.
URL: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2865.txt.
[RFC 3394] J. Schaad, R. Housley, Advanced
Encryption Standard (AES) Key Wrap Algorithm, September 2002.
URL: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3394.txt.
[RFC 3686] Housley,
“Using Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Counter Mode With IPsec Encapsulating
Security Payload (ESP),” IETF RFC 3686, January 2004.
URL: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3686.txt.
[RFC 3717] Matsui, et
al, ”A Description of the Camellia Encryption Algorithm,” IETF RFC 3717, April
2004.
URL: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3713.txt.
[RFC 3610] Whiting, D.,
Housley, R., and N. Ferguson, “Counter with CBC-MAC (CCM)", IETF RFC 3610,
September 2003.
URL: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3610.txt
[RFC 3874] Smit et al, “A 224-bit One-way Hash
Function: SHA-224,” IETF RFC 3874, June 2004.
URL: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3874.txt.
[RFC 3748] Aboba et al,
“Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP)”, IETF RFC 3748, June 2004.
URL: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3748.txt.
[RFC 4269] South
Korean Information Security Agency (KISA) “The SEED Encryption Algorithm”,
December 2005.
URL: ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc4269.txt
[RFC 4309] Housley, R., “Using Advanced
Encryption Standard (AES) CCM Mode with IPsec Encapsulating Security Payload
(ESP),” IETF RFC 4309, December 2005.
URL: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4309.txt
[RFC 4357] V. Popov, I. Kurepkin, S. Leontiev “Additional Cryptographic Algorithms for Use with GOST 28147-89, GOST R 34.10-94, GOST R 34.10-2001, and GOST R 34.11-94 Algorithms”, January 2006.
[RFC 4490] S. Leontiev, Ed. G. Chudov, Ed. “Using the GOST 28147-89, GOST R 34.11-94,GOST R 34.10-94, and GOST R 34.10-2001 Algorithms with Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS)”, May 2006.
[RFC 4491] S. Leontiev, Ed., D. Shefanovski, Ed., “Using the GOST R 34.10-94, GOST R 34.10-2001, and GOST R 34.11-94 Algorithms with the Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and CRL Profile”, May 2006.
[RFC 4493] J.
Song et al. RFC 4493: The AES-CMAC Algorithm. June 2006.
URL: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4493.txt
[SEC 1] Standards for Efficient Cryptography Group (SECG). Standards for Efficient Cryptography (SEC) 1: Elliptic Curve Cryptography. Version 1.0, September 20, 2000.
[SEC 2] Standards for Efficient Cryptography Group (SECG). Standards for Efficient Cryptography (SEC) 2: Recommended Elliptic Curve Domain Parameters. Version 1.0, September 20, 2000.
[TLS] [RFC2246] Dierks, T. and C.
Allen, "The TLS Protocol Version 1.0", RFC 2246, January 1999.
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2246.txt, superseded by [RFC4346] Dierks, T. and E.
Rescorla, "The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.1",
RFC 4346, April 2006. http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4346.txt, which was superseded
by [5246] Dierks, T. and E. Rescorla, "The Transport Layer Security (TLS)
Protocol Version 1.2", RFC 5246, August 2008.
URL: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5246.txt
[WIM] WAP. Wireless Identity Module.
— WAP-260-WIM-20010712-a. July 2001.
URL: http://technical.openmobilealliance.org/tech/affiliates/LicenseAgreement.asp?DocName=/wap/wap-260-wim-20010712-a.pdf
[WPKI] Wireless Application Protocol:
Public Key Infrastructure Definition. — WAP-217-WPKI-20010424-a. April 2001.
URL: http://technical.openmobilealliance.org/tech/affiliates/LicenseAgreement.asp?DocName=/wap/wap-217-wpki-20010424-a.pdf
[WTLS] WAP. Wireless Transport Layer
Security Version — WAP-261-WTLS-20010406-a. April 2001.
URL: http://technical.openmobilealliance.org/tech/affiliates/LicenseAgreement.asp?DocName=/wap/wap-261-wtls-20010406-a.pdf
[X.500] ITU-T. Information Technology — Open Systems Interconnection — The Directory: Overview of Concepts, Models and Services. February 2001. Identical to ISO/IEC 9594-1
[X.509] ITU-T. Information Technology — Open Systems Interconnection — The Directory: Public-key and Attribute Certificate Frameworks. March 2000. Identical to ISO/IEC 9594-8
[X.680] ITU-T. Information Technology — Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1): Specification of Basic Notation. July 2002. Identical to ISO/IEC 8824-1
[X.690] ITU-T. Information Technology — ASN.1 Encoding Rules: Specification of Basic Encoding Rules (BER), Canonical Encoding Rules (CER), and Distinguished Encoding Rules (DER). July 2002. Identical to ISO/IEC 8825-1
A mechanism specifies precisely how a certain cryptographic process is to be performed. PKCS #11 implementations MAY use one of more mechanisms defined in this document.
The following table shows which Cryptoki mechanisms are supported by different cryptographic operations. For any particular token, of course, a particular operation may well support only a subset of the mechanisms listed. There is also no guarantee that a token which supports one mechanism for some operations supports any other mechanism for any other operation (or even supports that same mechanism for any other operation). For example, even if a token is able to create RSA digital signatures with the CKM_RSA_PKCS mechanism, it may or may not be the case that the same token can also perform RSA encryption with CKM_RSA_PKCS.
Each mechanism description is be preceded by a table, of the following format, mapping mechanisms to API functions.
|
|
Functions |
||||||
|
Mechanism |
Encrypt & Decrypt |
Sign & Verify |
SR & VR1 |
Digest |
Gen. Key/ Key Pair |
Wrap & Unwrap |
Derive |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 SR = SignRecover, VR = VerifyRecover.
2 Single-part operations only.
3 Mechanism can only be used for wrapping, not unwrapping.
The remainder of this section will present in detail the mechanisms supported by Cryptoki and the parameters which are supplied to them.
In general, if a mechanism makes no mention of the ulMinKeyLen and ulMaxKeyLen fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure, then those fields have no meaning for that particular mechanism.
Table 1, Mechanisms vs. Functions
This section defines the RSA key type “CKK_RSA” for type CK_KEY_TYPE as used in the CKA_KEY_TYPE attribute of RSA key objects.
Mechanisms:
CKM_RSA_PKCS_KEY_PAIR_GEN
CKM_RSA_PKCS
CKM_RSA_9796
CKM_RSA_X_509
CKM_MD2_RSA_PKCS
CKM_MD5_RSA_PKCS
CKM_SHA1_RSA_PKCS
CKM_SHA224_RSA_PKCS
CKM_SHA256_RSA_PKCS
CKM_SHA384_RSA_PKCS
CKM_SHA512_RSA_PKCS
CKM_RIPEMD128_RSA_PKCS
CKM_RIPEMD160_RSA_PKCS
CKM_RSA_PKCS_OAEP
CKM_RSA_X9_31_KEY_PAIR_GEN
CKM_RSA_X9_31
CKM_SHA1_RSA_X9_31
CKM_RSA_PKCS_PSS
CKM_SHA1_RSA_PKCS_PSS
CKM_SHA224_RSA_PKCS_PSS
CKM_SHA256_RSA_PKCS_PSS
CKM_SHA512_RSA_PKCS_PSS
CKM_SHA384_RSA_PKCS_PSS
CKM_RSA_PKCS_TPM_1_1
CKM_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_TPM_1_1
CKM_RSA_AES_KEY_WRAP
RSA public key objects (object class CKO_PUBLIC_KEY, key type CKK_RSA) hold RSA public keys. The following table defines the RSA public key object attributes, in addition to the common attributes defined for this object class:
Table 2, RSA Public Key Object Attributes
|
Attribute |
Data type |
Meaning |
|
CKA_MODULUS1,4 |
Big integer |
Modulus n |
|
CKA_MODULUS_BITS2,3 |
CK_ULONG |
Length in bits of modulus n |
|
CKA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT1 |
Big integer |
Public exponent e |
- Refer to [PKCS #11-Base] table 10 for footnotes
Depending on the token, there may be limits on the length of key components. See PKCS #1 for more information on RSA keys.
The following is a sample template for creating an RSA public key object:
CK_OBJECT_CLASS class = CKO_PUBLIC_KEY;
CK_KEY_TYPE keyType = CKK_RSA;
CK_UTF8CHAR label[] = “An RSA public key object”;
CK_BYTE modulus[] = {...};
CK_BYTE exponent[] = {...};
CK_BBOOL true = CK_TRUE;
CK_ATTRIBUTE template[] = {
{CKA_CLASS, &class, sizeof(class)},
{CKA_KEY_TYPE, &keyType, sizeof(keyType)},
{CKA_TOKEN, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_LABEL, label, sizeof(label)-1},
{CKA_WRAP, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_ENCRYPT, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_MODULUS, modulus, sizeof(modulus)},
{CKA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT, exponent, sizeof(exponent)}
};
RSA private key objects (object class CKO_PRIVATE_KEY, key type CKK_RSA) hold RSA private keys. The following table defines the RSA private key object attributes, in addition to the common attributes defined for this object class:
Table 3, RSA Private Key Object Attributes
|
Attribute |
Data type |
Meaning |
|
CKA_MODULUS1,4,6 |
Big integer |
Modulus n |
|
CKA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT4,6 |
Big integer |
Public exponent e |
|
CKA_PRIVATE_EXPONENT1,4,6,7 |
Big integer |
Private exponent d |
|
CKA_PRIME_14,6,7 |
Big integer |
Prime p |
|
CKA_PRIME_24,6,7 |
Big integer |
Prime q |
|
CKA_EXPONENT_14,6,7 |
Big integer |
Private exponent d modulo p-1 |
|
CKA_EXPONENT_24,6,7 |
Big integer |
Private exponent d modulo q-1 |
|
CKA_COEFFICIENT4,6,7 |
Big integer |
CRT coefficient q-1 mod p |
- Refer to [PKCS #11-Base] table 10 for footnotes
Depending on the token, there may be limits on the length of the key components. See PKCS #1 for more information on RSA keys.
Tokens vary in what they actually store for RSA private keys. Some tokens store all of the above attributes, which can assist in performing rapid RSA computations. Other tokens might store only the CKA_MODULUS and CKA_PRIVATE_EXPONENT values. Effective with version 2.40, tokens MUST also store CKA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT. This permits the retrieval of sufficient data to reconstitute the associated public key.
Because of this, Cryptoki is flexible in dealing with RSA private key objects. When a token generates an RSA private key, it stores whichever of the fields in Table 3 it keeps track of. Later, if an application asks for the values of the key’s various attributes, Cryptoki supplies values only for attributes whose values it can obtain (i.e., if Cryptoki is asked for the value of an attribute it cannot obtain, the request fails). Note that a Cryptoki implementation may or may not be able and/or willing to supply various attributes of RSA private keys which are not actually stored on the token. E.g., if a particular token stores values only for the CKA_PRIVATE_EXPONENT, CKA_PRIME_1, and CKA_PRIME_2 attributes, then Cryptoki is certainly able to report values for all the attributes above (since they can all be computed efficiently from these three values). However, a Cryptoki implementation may or may not actually do this extra computation. The only attributes from Table 3 for which a Cryptoki implementation is required to be able to return values are CKA_MODULUS and CKA_PRIVATE_EXPONENT.
If an RSA private key object is created on a token, and more attributes from Table 3 are supplied to the object creation call than are supported by the token, the extra attributes are likely to be thrown away. If an attempt is made to create an RSA private key object on a token with insufficient attributes for that particular token, then the object creation call fails and returns CKR_TEMPLATE_INCOMPLETE.
Note that when generating an RSA private key, there is no CKA_MODULUS_BITS attribute specified. This is because RSA private keys are only generated as part of an RSA key pair, and the CKA_MODULUS_BITS attribute for the pair is specified in the template for the RSA public key.
The following is a sample template for creating an RSA private key object:
CK_OBJECT_CLASS class = CKO_PRIVATE_KEY;
CK_KEY_TYPE keyType = CKK_RSA;
CK_UTF8CHAR label[] = “An RSA private key object”;
CK_BYTE subject[] = {...};
CK_BYTE id[] = {123};
CK_BYTE modulus[] = {...};
CK_BYTE publicExponent[] = {...};
CK_BYTE privateExponent[] = {...};
CK_BYTE prime1[] = {...};
CK_BYTE prime2[] = {...};
CK_BYTE exponent1[] = {...};
CK_BYTE exponent2[] = {...};
CK_BYTE coefficient[] = {...};
CK_BBOOL true = CK_TRUE;
CK_ATTRIBUTE template[] = {
{CKA_CLASS, &class, sizeof(class)},
{CKA_KEY_TYPE, &keyType, sizeof(keyType)},
{CKA_TOKEN, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_LABEL, label, sizeof(label)-1},
{CKA_SUBJECT, subject, sizeof(subject)},
{CKA_ID, id, sizeof(id)},
{CKA_SENSITIVE, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_DECRYPT, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_SIGN, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_MODULUS, modulus, sizeof(modulus)},
{CKA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT, publicExponent, sizeof(publicExponent)},
{CKA_PRIVATE_EXPONENT, privateExponent, sizeof(privateExponent)},
{CKA_PRIME_1, prime1, sizeof(prime1)},
{CKA_PRIME_2, prime2, sizeof(prime2)},
{CKA_EXPONENT_1, exponent1, sizeof(exponent1)},
{CKA_EXPONENT_2, exponent2, sizeof(exponent2)},
{CKA_COEFFICIENT, coefficient, sizeof(coefficient)}
};
The PKCS #1 RSA key pair generation mechanism, denoted CKM_RSA_PKCS_KEY_PAIR_GEN, is a key pair generation mechanism based on the RSA public-key cryptosystem, as defined in PKCS #1.
It does not have a parameter.
The mechanism generates RSA public/private key pairs with a particular modulus length in bits and public exponent, as specified in the CKA_MODULUS_BITS and CKA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT attributes of the template for the public key. The CKA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT may be omitted in which case the mechanism shall supply the public exponent attribute using the default value of 0x10001 (65537). Specific implementations may use a random value or an alternative default if 0x10001 cannot be used by the token.
Note: Implementations strictly compliant with version 2.11 or prior versions may generate an error if this attribute is omitted from the template. Experience has shown that many implementations of 2.11 and prior did allow the CKA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT attribute to be omitted from the template, and behaved as described above. The mechanism contributes the CKA_CLASS, CKA_KEY_TYPE, CKA_MODULUS, and CKA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT attributes to the new public key. CKA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT will be copied from the template if supplied. CKR_TEMPLATE_INCONSISTENT shall be returned if the implementation cannot use the supplied exponent value. It contributes the CKA_CLASS and CKA_KEY_TYPE attributes to the new private key; it may also contribute some of the following attributes to the new private key: CKA_MODULUS, CKA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT, CKA_PRIVATE_EXPONENT, CKA_PRIME_1, CKA_PRIME_2, CKA_EXPONENT_1, CKA_EXPONENT_2, CKA_COEFFICIENT. Other attributes supported by the RSA public and private key types (specifically, the flags indicating which functions the keys support) may also be specified in the templates for the keys, or else are assigned default initial values.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of RSA modulus sizes, in bits.
The X9.31 RSA key pair generation mechanism, denoted CKM_RSA_X9_31_KEY_PAIR_GEN, is a key pair generation mechanism based on the RSA public-key cryptosystem, as defined in X9.31.
It does not have a parameter.
The mechanism generates RSA public/private key pairs with a particular modulus length in bits and public exponent, as specified in the CKA_MODULUS_BITS and CKA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT attributes of the template for the public key.
The mechanism contributes the CKA_CLASS, CKA_KEY_TYPE, CKA_MODULUS, and CKA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT attributes to the new public key. It contributes the CKA_CLASS and CKA_KEY_TYPE attributes to the new private key; it may also contribute some of the following attributes to the new private key: CKA_MODULUS, CKA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT, CKA_PRIVATE_EXPONENT, CKA_PRIME_1, CKA_PRIME_2, CKA_EXPONENT_1, CKA_EXPONENT_2, CKA_COEFFICIENT. Other attributes supported by the RSA public and private key types (specifically, the flags indicating which functions the keys support) may also be specified in the templates for the keys, or else are assigned default initial values. Unlike the CKM_RSA_PKCS_KEY_PAIR_GEN mechanism, this mechanism is guaranteed to generate p and q values, CKA_PRIME_1 and CKA_PRIME_2 respectively, that meet the strong primes requirement of X9.31.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of RSA modulus sizes, in bits.
The PKCS #1 v1.5 RSA mechanism, denoted CKM_RSA_PKCS, is a multi-purpose mechanism based on the RSA public-key cryptosystem and the block formats initially defined in PKCS #1 v1.5. It supports single-part encryption and decryption; single-part signatures and verification with and without message recovery; key wrapping; and key unwrapping. This mechanism corresponds only to the part of PKCS #1 v1.5 that involves RSA; it does not compute a message digest or a DigestInfo encoding as specified for the md2withRSAEncryption and md5withRSAEncryption algorithms in PKCS #1 v1.5 .
This mechanism does not have a parameter.
This mechanism can wrap and unwrap any secret key of appropriate length. Of course, a particular token may not be able to wrap/unwrap every appropriate-length secret key that it supports. For wrapping, the “input” to the encryption operation is the value of the CKA_VALUE attribute of the key that is wrapped; similarly for unwrapping. The mechanism does not wrap the key type or any other information about the key, except the key length; the application must convey these separately. In particular, the mechanism contributes only the CKA_CLASS and CKA_VALUE (and CKA_VALUE_LEN, if the key has it) attributes to the recovered key during unwrapping; other attributes must be specified in the template.
Constraints on key types and the length of the data are summarized in the following table. For encryption, decryption, signatures and signature verification, the input and output data may begin at the same location in memory. In the table, k is the length in bytes of the RSA modulus.
Table 4, PKCS #1 v1.5 RSA: Key And Data Length
|
Function |
Key type |
Input length |
Output length |
Comments |
|
C_Encrypt1 |
RSA public key |
£ k-11 |
k |
block type 02 |
|
C_Decrypt1 |
RSA private key |
k |
£ k-11 |
block type 02 |
|
C_Sign1 |
RSA private key |
£ k-11 |
k |
block type 01 |
|
C_SignRecover |
RSA private key |
£ k-11 |
k |
block type 01 |
|
C_Verify1 |
RSA public key |
£ k-11, k2 |
N/A |
block type 01 |
|
C_VerifyRecover |
RSA public key |
k |
£ k-11 |
block type 01 |
|
C_WrapKey |
RSA public key |
£ k-11 |
k |
block type 02 |
|
C_UnwrapKey |
RSA private key |
k |
£ k-11 |
block type 02 |
1 Single-part operations only.
2 Data length, signature length.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of RSA modulus sizes, in bits.
¨ CK_RSA_PKCS_MGF_TYPE; CK_RSA_PKCS_MGF_TYPE_PTR
CK_RSA_PKCS_MGF_TYPE is used to indicate the Message Generation Function (MGF) applied to a message block when formatting a message block for the PKCS #1 OAEP encryption scheme or the PKCS #1 PSS signature scheme. It is defined as follows:
typedef CK_ULONG CK_RSA_PKCS_MGF_TYPE;
The following MGFs are defined in PKCS #1. The following table lists the defined functions.
Table 5, PKCS #1 Mask Generation Functions
|
Source Identifier |
Value |
|
CKG_MGF1_SHA1 |
0x00000001UL |
|
CKG_MGF1_SHA224 |
0x00000005UL |
|
CKG_MGF1_SHA256 |
0x00000002UL |
|
CKG_MGF1_SHA384 |
0x00000003UL |
|
CKG_MGF1_SHA512 |
0x00000004UL |
CK_RSA_PKCS_MGF_TYPE_PTR is a pointer to a CK_RSA_PKCS_ MGF_TYPE.
¨ CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_SOURCE_TYPE; CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_SOURCE_TYPE_PTR
CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_SOURCE_TYPE is used to indicate the source of the encoding parameter when formatting a message block for the PKCS #1 OAEP encryption scheme. It is defined as follows:
typedef CK_ULONG CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_SOURCE_TYPE;
The following encoding parameter sources are defined in PKCS #1. The following table lists the defined sources along with the corresponding data type for the pSourceData field in the CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_PARAMS structure defined below.
Table 6, PKCS #1 RSA OAEP: Encoding parameter sources
|
Source Identifier |
Value |
Data Type |
|
CKZ_DATA_SPECIFIED |
0x00000001UL |
Array of CK_BYTE containing the value of the encoding parameter. If the parameter is empty, pSourceData must be NULL and ulSourceDataLen must be zero. |
CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_SOURCE_TYPE_PTR is a pointer to a CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_SOURCE_TYPE.
¨ CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_PARAMS; CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_PARAMS_PTR
CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_PARAMS is a structure that provides the parameters to the CKM_RSA_PKCS_OAEP mechanism. The structure is defined as follows:
typedef struct CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_PARAMS {
CK_MECHANISM_TYPE hashAlg;
CK_RSA_PKCS_MGF_TYPE mgf;
CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_SOURCE_TYPE source;
CK_VOID_PTR pSourceData;
CK_ULONG ulSourceDataLen;
} CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_PARAMS;
The fields of the structure have the following meanings:
hashAlg mechanism ID of the message digest algorithm used to calculate the digest of the encoding parameter
mgf mask generation function to use on the encoded block
source source of the encoding parameter
pSourceData data used as the input for the encoding parameter source
ulSourceDataLen length of the encoding parameter source input
CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_PARAMS_PTR is a pointer to a CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_PARAMS.
The PKCS #1 RSA OAEP mechanism, denoted CKM_RSA_PKCS_OAEP, is a multi-purpose mechanism based on the RSA public-key cryptosystem and the OAEP block format defined in PKCS #1. It supports single-part encryption and decryption; key wrapping; and key unwrapping.
It has a parameter, a CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_PARAMS structure.
This mechanism can wrap and unwrap any secret key of appropriate length. Of course, a particular token may not be able to wrap/unwrap every appropriate-length secret key that it supports. For wrapping, the “input” to the encryption operation is the value of the CKA_VALUE attribute of the key that is wrapped; similarly for unwrapping. The mechanism does not wrap the key type or any other information about the key, except the key length; the application must convey these separately. In particular, the mechanism contributes only the CKA_CLASS and CKA_VALUE (and CKA_VALUE_LEN, if the key has it) attributes to the recovered key during unwrapping; other attributes must be specified in the template.
Constraints on key types and the length of the data are summarized in the following table. For encryption and decryption, the input and output data may begin at the same location in memory. In the table, k is the length in bytes of the RSA modulus, and hLen is the output length of the message digest algorithm specified by the hashAlg field of the CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_PARAMS structure.
Table 7, PKCS #1 RSA OAEP: Key And Data Length
|
Function |
Key type |
Input length |
Output length |
|
C_Encrypt1 |
RSA public key |
£ k-2-2hLen |
k |
|
C_Decrypt1 |
RSA private key |
k |
£ k-2-2hLen |
|
C_WrapKey |
RSA public key |
£ k-2-2hLen |
k |
|
C_UnwrapKey |
RSA private key |
k |
£ k-2-2hLen |
1 Single-part operations only.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of RSA modulus sizes, in bits.
¨ CK_RSA_PKCS_PSS_PARAMS; CK_RSA_PKCS_PSS_PARAMS_PTR
CK_RSA_PKCS_PSS_PARAMS is a structure that provides the parameters to the CKM_RSA_PKCS_PSS mechanism. The structure is defined as follows:
typedef struct CK_RSA_PKCS_PSS_PARAMS {
CK_MECHANISM_TYPE hashAlg;
CK_RSA_PKCS_MGF_TYPE mgf;
CK_ULONG sLen;
} CK_RSA_PKCS_PSS_PARAMS;
The fields of the structure have the following meanings:
hashAlg hash algorithm used in the PSS encoding; if the signature mechanism does not include message hashing, then this value must be the mechanism used by the application to generate the message hash; if the signature mechanism includes hashing, then this value must match the hash algorithm indicated by the signature mechanism
mgf mask generation function to use on the encoded block
sLen length, in bytes, of the salt value used in the PSS encoding; typical values are the length of the message hash and zero
CK_RSA_PKCS_PSS_PARAMS_PTR is a pointer to a CK_RSA_PKCS_PSS_PARAMS.
The PKCS #1 RSA PSS mechanism, denoted CKM_RSA_PKCS_PSS, is a mechanism based on the RSA public-key cryptosystem and the PSS block format defined in PKCS #1. It supports single-part signature generation and verification without message recovery. This mechanism corresponds only to the part of PKCS #1 that involves block formatting and RSA, given a hash value; it does not compute a hash value on the message to be signed.
It has a parameter, a CK_RSA_PKCS_PSS_PARAMS structure. The sLen field must be less than or equal to k*-2-hLen and hLen is the length of the input to the C_Sign or C_Verify function. k* is the length in bytes of the RSA modulus, except if the length in bits of the RSA modulus is one more than a multiple of 8, in which case k* is one less than the length in bytes of the RSA modulus.
Constraints on key types and the length of the data are summarized in the following table. In the table, k is the length in bytes of the RSA.
Table 8, PKCS #1 RSA PSS: Key And Data Length
|
Function |
Key type |
Input length |
Output length |
|
C_Sign1 |
RSA private key |
hLen |
k |
|
C_Verify1 |
RSA public key |
hLen, k |
N/A |
1 Single-part operations only.
2 Data length, signature length.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of RSA modulus sizes, in bits.
The ISO/IEC 9796 RSA mechanism, denoted CKM_RSA_9796, is a mechanism for single-part signatures and verification with and without message recovery based on the RSA public-key cryptosystem and the block formats defined in ISO/IEC 9796 and its annex A.
This mechanism processes only byte strings, whereas ISO/IEC 9796 operates on bit strings. Accordingly, the following transformations are performed:
· Data is converted between byte and bit string formats by interpreting the most-significant bit of the leading byte of the byte string as the leftmost bit of the bit string, and the least-significant bit of the trailing byte of the byte string as the rightmost bit of the bit string (this assumes the length in bits of the data is a multiple of 8).
· A signature is converted from a bit string to a byte string by padding the bit string on the left with 0 to 7 zero bits so that the resulting length in bits is a multiple of 8, and converting the resulting bit string as above; it is converted from a byte string to a bit string by converting the byte string as above, and removing bits from the left so that the resulting length in bits is the same as that of the RSA modulus.
This mechanism does not have a parameter.
Constraints on key types and the length of input and output data are summarized in the following table. In the table, k is the length in bytes of the RSA modulus.
Table 9, ISO/IEC 9796 RSA: Key And Data Length
|
Function |
Key type |
Input length |
Output length |
|
C_Sign1 |
RSA private key |
£ ëk/2û |
k |
|
C_SignRecover |
RSA private key |
£ ëk/2û |
k |
|
C_Verify1 |
RSA public key |
£ ëk/2û, k2 |
N/A |
|
C_VerifyRecover |
RSA public key |
k |
£ ëk/2û |
1 Single-part operations only.
2 Data length, signature length.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of RSA modulus sizes, in bits.
The X.509 (raw) RSA mechanism, denoted CKM_RSA_X_509, is a multi-purpose mechanism based on the RSA public-key cryptosystem. It supports single-part encryption and decryption; single-part signatures and verification with and without message recovery; key wrapping; and key unwrapping. All these operations are based on so-called “raw” RSA, as assumed in X.509.
“Raw” RSA as defined here encrypts a byte string by converting it to an integer, most-significant byte first, applying “raw” RSA exponentiation, and converting the result to a byte string, most-significant byte first. The input string, considered as an integer, must be less than the modulus; the output string is also less than the modulus.
This mechanism does not have a parameter.
This mechanism can wrap and unwrap any secret key of appropriate length. Of course, a particular token may not be able to wrap/unwrap every appropriate-length secret key that it supports. For wrapping, the “input” to the encryption operation is the value of the CKA_VALUE attribute of the key that is wrapped; similarly for unwrapping. The mechanism does not wrap the key type, key length, or any other information about the key; the application must convey these separately, and supply them when unwrapping the key.
Unfortunately, X.509 does not specify how to perform padding for RSA encryption. For this mechanism, padding should be performed by prepending plaintext data with 0-valued bytes. In effect, to encrypt the sequence of plaintext bytes b1 b2 … bn (n £ k), Cryptoki forms P=2n-1b1+2n-2b2+…+bn. This number must be less than the RSA modulus. The k-byte ciphertext (k is the length in bytes of the RSA modulus) is produced by raising P to the RSA public exponent modulo the RSA modulus. Decryption of a k-byte ciphertext C is accomplished by raising C to the RSA private exponent modulo the RSA modulus, and returning the resulting value as a sequence of exactly k bytes. If the resulting plaintext is to be used to produce an unwrapped key, then however many bytes are specified in the template for the length of the key are taken from the end of this sequence of bytes.
Technically, the above procedures may differ very slightly from certain details of what is specified in X.509.
Executing cryptographic operations using this mechanism can result in the error returns CKR_DATA_INVALID (if plaintext is supplied which has the same length as the RSA modulus and is numerically at least as large as the modulus) and CKR_ENCRYPTED_DATA_INVALID (if ciphertext is supplied which has the same length as the RSA modulus and is numerically at least as large as the modulus).
Constraints on key types and the length of input and output data are summarized in the following table. In the table, k is the length in bytes of the RSA modulus.
Table 10, X.509 (Raw) RSA: Key And Data Length
|
Function |
Key type |
Input length |
Output length |
|
C_Encrypt1 |
RSA public key |
£ k |
k |
|
C_Decrypt1 |
RSA private key |
k |
k |
|
C_Sign1 |
RSA private key |
£ k |
k |
|
C_SignRecover |
RSA private key |
£ k |
k |
|
C_Verify1 |
RSA public key |
£ k, k2 |
N/A |
|
C_VerifyRecover |
RSA public key |
k |
k |
|
C_WrapKey |
RSA public key |
£ k |
k |
|
C_UnwrapKey |
RSA private key |
k |
£ k (specified in template) |
1 Single-part operations only.
2 Data length, signature length.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of RSA modulus sizes, in bits.
This mechanism is intended for compatibility with applications that do not follow the PKCS #1 or ISO/IEC 9796 block formats.
The ANSI X9.31 RSA mechanism, denoted CKM_RSA_X9_31, is a mechanism for single-part signatures and verification without message recovery based on the RSA public-key cryptosystem and the block formats defined in ANSI X9.31.
This mechanism applies the header and padding fields of the hash encapsulation. The trailer field must be applied by the application.
This mechanism processes only byte strings, whereas ANSI X9.31 operates on bit strings. Accordingly, the following transformations are performed:
· Data is converted between byte and bit string formats by interpreting the most-significant bit of the leading byte of the byte string as the leftmost bit of the bit string, and the least-significant bit of the trailing byte of the byte string as the rightmost bit of the bit string (this assumes the length in bits of the data is a multiple of 8).
· A signature is converted from a bit string to a byte string by padding the bit string on the left with 0 to 7 zero bits so that the resulting length in bits is a multiple of 8, and converting the resulting bit string as above; it is converted from a byte string to a bit string by converting the byte string as above, and removing bits from the left so that the resulting length in bits is the same as that of the RSA modulus.
This mechanism does not have a parameter.
Constraints on key types and the length of input and output data are summarized in the following table. In the table, k is the length in bytes of the RSA modulus. For all operations, the k value must be at least 128 and a multiple of 32 as specified in ANSI X9.31.
Table 11, ANSI X9.31 RSA: Key And Data Length
|
Function |
Key type |
Input length |
Output length |
|
C_Sign1 |
RSA private key |
£ k-2 |
k |
|
C_Verify1 |
RSA public key |
£ k-2, k2 |
N/A |
1 Single-part operations only.
2 Data length, signature length.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of RSA modulus sizes, in bits.
The PKCS #1 v1.5 RSA signature with MD2 mechanism, denoted CKM_MD2_RSA_PKCS, performs single- and multiple-part digital signatures and verification operations without message recovery. The operations performed are as described initially in PKCS #1 v1.5 with the object identifier md2WithRSAEncryption, and as in the scheme RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5 in the current version of PKCS #1, where the underlying hash function is MD2.
Similarly, the PKCS #1 v1.5 RSA signature with MD5 mechanism, denoted CKM_MD5_RSA_PKCS, performs the same operations described in PKCS #1 with the object identifier md5WithRSAEncryption. The PKCS #1 v1.5 RSA signature with SHA-1 mechanism, denoted CKM_SHA1_RSA_PKCS, performs the same operations, except that it uses the hash function SHA-1 with object identifier sha1WithRSAEncryption.
Likewise, the PKCS #1 v1.5 RSA signature with SHA-256, SHA-384, and SHA-512 mechanisms, denoted CKM_SHA256_RSA_PKCS, CKM_SHA384_RSA_PKCS, and CKM_SHA512_RSA_PKCS respectively, perform the same operations using the SHA-256, SHA-384 and SHA-512 hash functions with the object identifiers sha256WithRSAEncryption, sha384WithRSAEncryption and sha512WithRSAEncryption respectively.
The PKCS #1 v1.5 RSA signature with RIPEMD-128 or RIPEMD-160, denoted CKM_RIPEMD128_RSA_PKCS and CKM_RIPEMD160_RSA_PKCS respectively, perform the same operations using the RIPE-MD 128 and RIPE-MD 160 hash functions.
None of these mechanisms has a parameter.
Constraints on key types and the length of the data for these mechanisms are summarized in the following table. In the table, k is the length in bytes of the RSA modulus. For the PKCS #1 v1.5 RSA signature with MD2 and PKCS #1 v1.5 RSA signature with MD5 mechanisms, k must be at least 27; for the PKCS #1 v1.5 RSA signature with SHA-1 mechanism, k must be at least 31, and so on for other underlying hash functions, where the minimum is always 11 bytes more than the length of the hash value.
Table 12, PKCS #1 v1.5 RSA Signatures with Various Hash Functions: Key And Data Length
|
Function |
Key type |
Input length |
Output length |
Comments |
|
C_Sign |
RSA private key |
any |
k |
block type 01 |
|
C_Verify |
RSA public key |
any, k2 |
N/A |
block type 01 |
2 Data length, signature length.
For these mechanisms, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of RSA modulus sizes, in bits.
The PKCS #1 v1.5 RSA signature with SHA-224 mechanism, denoted CKM_SHA224_RSA_PKCS, performs similarly as the other CKM_SHAX_RSA_PKCS mechanisms but uses the SHA-224 hash function.
The PKCS #1 RSA PSS signature with SHA-224 mechanism, denoted CKM_SHA224_RSA_PKCS_PSS, performs similarly as the other CKM_SHAX_RSA_PSS mechanisms but uses the SHA-224 hash function.
The PKCS #1 RSA PSS signature with SHA-1 mechanism, denoted CKM_SHA1_RSA_PKCS_PSS, performs single- and multiple-part digital signatures and verification operations without message recovery. The operations performed are as described in PKCS #1 with the object identifier id-RSASSA-PSS, i.e., as in the scheme RSASSA-PSS in PKCS #1 where the underlying hash function is SHA-1.
The PKCS #1 RSA PSS signature with SHA-256, SHA-384, and SHA-512 mechanisms, denoted CKM_SHA256_RSA_PKCS_PSS, CKM_SHA384_RSA_PKCS_PSS, and CKM_SHA512_RSA_PKCS_PSS respectively, perform the same operations using the SHA-256, SHA-384 and SHA-512 hash functions.
The mechanisms have a parameter, a CK_RSA_PKCS_PSS_PARAMS structure. The sLen field must be less than or equal to k*-2-hLen where hLen is the length in bytes of the hash value. k* is the length in bytes of the RSA modulus, except if the length in bits of the RSA modulus is one more than a multiple of 8, in which case k* is one less than the length in bytes of the RSA modulus.
Constraints on key types and the length of the data are summarized in the following table. In the table, k is the length in bytes of the RSA modulus.
Table 13, PKCS #1 RSA PSS Signatures with Various Hash Functions: Key And Data Length
|
Function |
Key type |
Input length |
Output length |
|
C_Sign |
RSA private key |
any |
k |
|
C_Verify |
RSA public key |
any, k2 |
N/A |
2 Data length, signature length.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of RSA modulus sizes, in bits.
The ANSI X9.31 RSA signature with SHA-1 mechanism, denoted CKM_SHA1_RSA_X9_31, performs single- and multiple-part digital signatures and verification operations without message recovery. The operations performed are as described in ANSI X9.31.
This mechanism does not have a parameter.
Constraints on key types and the length of the data for these mechanisms are summarized in the following table. In the table, k is the length in bytes of the RSA modulus. For all operations, the k value must be at least 128 and a multiple of 32 as specified in ANSI X9.31.
Table 14, ANSI X9.31 RSA Signatures with SHA-1: Key And Data Length
|
Function |
Key type |
Input length |
Output length |
|
C_Sign |
RSA private key |
any |
k |
|
C_Verify |
RSA public key |
any, k2 |
N/A |
2 Data length, signature length.
For these mechanisms, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of RSA modulus sizes, in bits.
The TPM 1.1b and TPM 1.2 PKCS #1 v1.5 RSA mechanism, denoted CKM_RSA_PKCS_TPM_1_1, is a multi-use mechanism based on the RSA public-key cryptosystem and the block formats initially defined in PKCS #1 v1.5, with additional formatting rules defined in TCPA TPM Specification Version 1.1b. Additional formatting rules remained the same in TCG TPM Specification 1.2 The mechanism supports single-part encryption and decryption; key wrapping; and key unwrapping.
This mechanism does not have a parameter. It differs from the standard PKCS#1 v1.5 RSA encryption mechanism in that the plaintext is wrapped in a TCPA_BOUND_DATA (TPM_BOUND_DATA for TPM 1.2) structure before being submitted to the PKCS#1 v1.5 encryption process. On encryption, the version field of the TCPA_BOUND_DATA (TPM_BOUND_DATA for TPM 1.2) structure must contain 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00. On decryption, any structure of the form 0x01, 0x01, 0xXX, 0xYY may be accepted.
This mechanism can wrap and unwrap any secret key of appropriate length. Of course, a particular token may not be able to wrap/unwrap every appropriate-length secret key that it supports. For wrapping, the “input” to the encryption operation is the value of the CKA_VALUE attribute of the key that is wrapped; similarly for unwrapping. The mechanism does not wrap the key type or any other information about the key, except the key length; the application must convey these separately. In particular, the mechanism contributes only the CKA_CLASS and CKA_VALUE (and CKA_VALUE_LEN, if the key has it) attributes to the recovered key during unwrapping; other attributes must be specified in the template.
Constraints on key types and the length of the data are summarized in the following table. For encryption and decryption, the input and output data may begin at the same location in memory. In the table, k is the length in bytes of the RSA modulus.
Table 15, TPM 1.1b and TPM 1.2 PKCS #1 v1.5 RSA: Key And Data Length
|
Function |
Key type |
Input length |
Output length |
|
C_Encrypt1 |
RSA public key |
£ k-11-5 |
k |
|
C_Decrypt1 |
RSA private key |
k |
£ k-11-5 |
|
C_WrapKey |
RSA public key |
£ k-11-5 |
k |
|
C_UnwrapKey |
RSA private key |
k |
£ k-11-5 |
1 Single-part operations only.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of RSA modulus sizes, in bits.
The TPM 1.1b and TPM 1.2 PKCS #1 RSA OAEP mechanism, denoted CKM_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_TPM_1_1, is a multi-purpose mechanism based on the RSA public-key cryptosystem and the OAEP block format defined in PKCS #1, with additional formatting defined in TCPA TPM Specification Version 1.1b. Additional formatting rules remained the same in TCG TPM Specification 1.2. The mechanism supports single-part encryption and decryption; key wrapping; and key unwrapping.
This mechanism does not have a parameter. It differs from the standard PKCS#1 OAEP RSA encryption mechanism in that the plaintext is wrapped in a TCPA_BOUND_DATA (TPM_BOUND_DATA for TPM 1.2) structure before being submitted to the encryption process and that all of the values of the parameters that are passed to a standard CKM_RSA_PKCS_OAEP operation are fixed. On encryption, the version field of the TCPA_BOUND_DATA (TPM_BOUND_DATA for TPM 1.2) structure must contain 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00. On decryption, any structure of the form 0x01, 0x01, 0xXX, 0xYY may be accepted.
This mechanism can wrap and unwrap any secret key of appropriate length. Of course, a particular token may not be able to wrap/unwrap every appropriate-length secret key that it supports. For wrapping, the “input” to the encryption operation is the value of the CKA_VALUE attribute of the key that is wrapped; similarly for unwrapping. The mechanism does not wrap the key type or any other information about the key, except the key length; the application must convey these separately. In particular, the mechanism contributes only the CKA_CLASS and CKA_VALUE (and CKA_VALUE_LEN, if the key has it) attributes to the recovered key during unwrapping; other attributes must be specified in the template.
Constraints on key types and the length of the data are summarized in the following table. For encryption and decryption, the input and output data may begin at the same location in memory. In the table, k is the length in bytes of the RSA modulus.
Table 16, TPM 1.1b and TPM 1.2 PKCS #1 RSA OAEP: Key And Data Length
|
Function |
Key type |
Input length |
Output length |
|
C_Encrypt1 |
RSA public key |
£ k-2-40-5 |
k |
|
C_Decrypt1 |
RSA private key |
k |
£ k-2-40-5 |
|
C_WrapKey |
RSA public key |
£ k-2-40-5 |
k |
|
C_UnwrapKey |
RSA private key |
k |
£ k-2-40-5 |
1 Single-part operations only.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of RSA modulus sizes, in bits.
The RSA AES key wrap mechanism, denoted CKM_RSA_AES_KEY_WRAP , is a mechanism based on the RSA public-key cryptosystem and the AES key wrap mechanism. It supports single-part key wrapping; and key unwrapping.
It has a parameter, a CK_RSA_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS structure.
The mechanism can wrap and unwrap a target asymmetric key of any length and type using an RSA key.
- A temporary AES key is used for wrapping the target key using CKM_AES_KEY_WRAP_PAD mechanism.
- The temporary AES key is wrapped with the wrapping RSA key using CKM_RSA_PKCS_OAEP mechanism.
For wrapping, the mechanism -
The recommended format for an asymmetric target key being wrapped is as a PKCS8 PrivateKeyInfo
The use of Attributes in the PrivateKeyInfo structure is OPTIONAL. In case of conflicts between the object attribute template, and Attributes in the PrivateKeyInfo structure, an error should be thrown
For unwrapping, the mechanism -
Table 17, CKM_RSA_AES_KEY_WRAP Mechanisms vs. Functions
|
|
Functions |
||||||
|
Mechanism |
Encrypt & Decrypt |
Sign & Verify |
SR & VR1 |
Digest |
Gen. Key/ Key Pair |
Wrap & Unwrap |
Derive |
|
CKM_RSA_AES_KEY_WRAP |
|
|
|
|
|
ü |
|
|
1SR = SignRecover, VR = VerifyRecover |
¨ CK_RSA_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS; CK_RSA_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS_PTR
CK_RSA_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS is a structure that provides the parameters to the CKM_RSA_AES_KEY_WRAP mechanism. It is defined as follows:
typedef struct CK_RSA_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS {
CK_ULONG ulAESKeyBits;
CK_RSA_PKCS_OAEP_PARAMS_PTR pOAEPParams;
} CK_RSA_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS;
The fields of the structure have the following meanings:
ulAESKeyBits length of the temporary AES key in bits. Can be only 128, 192 or 256.
pOAEPParams pointer to the parameters of the temporary AES key wrapping. See also the description of PKCS #1 RSA OAEP mechanism parameters.
CK_RSA_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS_PTR is a pointer to a CK_RSA_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS.
When CKM_RSA_PKCS is operated in FIPS mode, the length of the modulus SHALL only be 1024, 2048, or 3072 bits.

Mechanisms:
CKM_DSA
CKM_DSA_SHA1
CKM_DSA_SHA224
CKM_DSA_SHA256
CKM_DSA_SHA384
CKM_DSA_SHA512
CKM_DSA_PARAMETER_GEN
CKM_DSA_PROBABLISTIC_PARAMETER_GEN
CKM_DSA_SHAWE_TAYLOR_PARAMETER_GEN
CKM_DSA_FIPS_G_GEN
· CK_DSA_PARAMETER_GEN_PARAM
CK_DSA_PARAMETER_GEN_PARAM is a structure which provides and returns parameters for the NIST FIPS 186-4 parameter generating algorithms.
CK_DSA_PARAMETER_GEN_PARAM_PTR is a pointer to a CK_DSA_PARAMETER_GEN_PARAM.
typedef struct CK_DSA_PARAMETER_GEN_PARAM {
CK_MECHANISM_TYPE hash;
CK_BYTE_PTR pSeed;
CK_ULONG ulSeedLen;
CK_ULONG ulIndex;
};
The fields of the structure have the following meanings:
hash Mechanism
value for the base hash used in PQG generation, Valid values are CKM_SHA1SHA_1,
CKM_SHA224, CKM_SHA256, CKM_SHA384, CKM_SHA512.
pSeed Seed value used to generate PQ and G. This value is returned by CKM_DSA_PROBABLISTIC_PARAMETER_GEN, CKM_DSA_SHAWE_TAYLOR_PARAMETER_GEN, and passed into CKM_DSA_FIPS_G_GEN.
ulSeedLen Length of seed value.
ulIndex Index value for generating G. Input for CKM_DSA_FIPS_G_GEN.
Ignored by CKM_DSA_PROBABALISTICPROBAALISTIC_PARAMETER_GEN
and CKM_DSA_SHAWE_TAYLOR_PARAMETER_GEN.
DSA public key objects (object class CKO_PUBLIC_KEY, key type CKK_DSA) hold DSA public keys. The following table defines the DSA public key object attributes, in addition to the common attributes defined for this object class:
Table 19, DSA Public Key Object Attributes
|
Attribute |
Data type |
Meaning |
|
CKA_PRIME1,3 |
Big integer |
Prime p (512 to 3072 bits, in steps of 64 bits) |
|
CKA_SUBPRIME1,3 |
Big integer |
Subprime q (160, 224 bits, or 256 bits) |
|
CKA_BASE1,3 |
Big integer |
Base g |
|
CKA_VALUE1,4 |
Big integer |
Public value y |
- Refer to [PKCS #11-Base] table 10 for footnotes
The CKA_PRIME, CKA_SUBPRIME and CKA_BASE attribute values are collectively the “DSA domain parameters”. See FIPS PUB 186-4 for more information on DSA keys.
The following is a sample template for creating a DSA public key object:
CK_OBJECT_CLASS class = CKO_PUBLIC_KEY;
CK_KEY_TYPE keyType = CKK_DSA;
CK_UTF8CHAR label[] = “A DSA public key object”;
CK_BYTE prime[] = {...};
CK_BYTE subprime[] = {...};
CK_BYTE base[] = {...};
CK_BYTE value[] = {...};
CK_BBOOL true = CK_TRUE;
CK_ATTRIBUTE template[] = {
{CKA_CLASS, &class, sizeof(class)},
{CKA_KEY_TYPE, &keyType, sizeof(keyType)},
{CKA_TOKEN, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_LABEL, label, sizeof(label)-1},
{CKA_PRIME, prime, sizeof(prime)},
{CKA_SUBPRIME, subprime, sizeof(subprime)},
{CKA_BASE, base, sizeof(base)},
{CKA_VALUE, value, sizeof(value)}
};
FIPS PUB 186-4 specifies permitted combinations of prime and sub-prime lengths. They are:
Earlier versions of FIPS 186 permitted smaller prime lengths, and those are included here for backwards compatibility. An implementation that is compliant to FIPS 186-4 does not permit the use of primes of any length less than 1024 bits.
DSA private key objects (object class CKO_PRIVATE_KEY, key type CKK_DSA) hold DSA private keys. The following table defines the DSA private key object attributes, in addition to the common attributes defined for this object class:
Table 20, DSA Private Key Object Attributes
|
Attribute |
Data type |
Meaning |
|
CKA_PRIME1,4,6 |
Big integer |
Prime p (512 to 1024 bits, in steps of 64 bits) |
|
CKA_SUBPRIME1,4,6 |
Big integer |
Subprime q (160 bits, 224 bits, or 256 bits) |
|
CKA_BASE1,4,6 |
Big integer |
Base g |
|
CKA_VALUE1,4,6,7 |
Big integer |
Private value x |
- Refer to [PKCS #11-Base] table 10 for footnotes
The CKA_PRIME, CKA_SUBPRIME and CKA_BASE attribute values are collectively the “DSA domain parameters”. See FIPS PUB 186-4 for more information on DSA keys.
Note that when generating a DSA private key, the DSA domain parameters are not specified in the key’s template. This is because DSA private keys are only generated as part of a DSA key pair, and the DSA domain parameters for the pair are specified in the template for the DSA public key.
The following is a sample template for creating a DSA private key object:
CK_OBJECT_CLASS class = CKO_PRIVATE_KEY;
CK_KEY_TYPE keyType = CKK_DSA;
CK_UTF8CHAR label[] = “A DSA private key object”;
CK_BYTE subject[] = {...};
CK_BYTE id[] = {123};
CK_BYTE prime[] = {...};
CK_BYTE subprime[] = {...};
CK_BYTE base[] = {...};
CK_BYTE value[] = {...};
CK_BBOOL true = CK_TRUE;
CK_ATTRIBUTE template[] = {
{CKA_CLASS, &class, sizeof(class)},
{CKA_KEY_TYPE, &keyType, sizeof(keyType)},
{CKA_TOKEN, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_LABEL, label, sizeof(label)-1},
{CKA_SUBJECT, subject, sizeof(subject)},
{CKA_ID, id, sizeof(id)},
{CKA_SENSITIVE, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_SIGN, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_PRIME, prime, sizeof(prime)},
{CKA_SUBPRIME, subprime, sizeof(subprime)},
{CKA_BASE, base, sizeof(base)},
{CKA_VALUE, value, sizeof(value)}
};
DSA domain parameter objects (object class CKO_DOMAIN_PARAMETERS, key type CKK_DSA) hold DSA domain parameters. The following table defines the DSA domain parameter object attributes, in addition to the common attributes defined for this object class:
Table 21, DSA Domain Parameter Object Attributes
|
Attribute |
Data type |
Meaning |
|
CKA_PRIME1,4 |
Big integer |
Prime p (512 to 1024 bits, in steps of 64 bits) |
|
CKA_SUBPRIME1,4 |
Big integer |
Subprime q (160 bits, 224 bits, or 256 bits) |
|
CKA_BASE1,4 |
Big integer |
Base g |
|
CKA_PRIME_BITS2,3 |
CK_ULONG |
Length of the prime value. |
- Refer to [PKCS #11-Base] table 10 for footnotes
The CKA_PRIME, CKA_SUBPRIME and CKA_BASE attribute values are collectively the “DSA domain parameters”. See FIPS PUB 186-4 for more information on DSA domain parameters.
To ensure backwards compatibility, if CKA_SUBPRIME_BITS is not specified for a call to C_GenerateKey, it takes on a default based on the value of CKA_PRIME_BITS as follows:
The following is a sample template for creating a DSA domain parameter object:
CK_OBJECT_CLASS class = CKO_DOMAIN_PARAMETERS;
CK_KEY_TYPE keyType = CKK_DSA;
CK_UTF8CHAR label[] = “A DSA domain parameter object”;
CK_BYTE prime[] = {...};
CK_BYTE subprime[] = {...};
CK_BYTE base[] = {...};
CK_BBOOL true = CK_TRUE;
CK_ATTRIBUTE template[] = {
{CKA_CLASS, &class, sizeof(class)},
{CKA_KEY_TYPE, &keyType, sizeof(keyType)},
{CKA_TOKEN, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_LABEL, label, sizeof(label)-1},
{CKA_PRIME, prime, sizeof(prime)},
{CKA_SUBPRIME, subprime, sizeof(subprime)},
{CKA_BASE, base, sizeof(base)},
};
The DSA key pair generation mechanism, denoted CKM_DSA_KEY_PAIR_GEN, is a key pair generation mechanism based on the Digital Signature Algorithm defined in FIPS PUB 186-2.
This mechanism does not have a parameter.
The mechanism generates DSA public/private key pairs with a particular prime, subprime and base, as specified in the CKA_PRIME, CKA_SUBPRIME, and CKA_BASE attributes of the template for the public key.
The mechanism contributes the CKA_CLASS, CKA_KEY_TYPE, and CKA_VALUE attributes to the new public key and the CKA_CLASS, CKA_KEY_TYPE, CKA_PRIME, CKA_SUBPRIME, CKA_BASE, and CKA_VALUE attributes to the new private key. Other attributes supported by the DSA public and private key types (specifically, the flags indicating which functions the keys support) may also be specified in the templates for the keys, or else are assigned default initial values.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of DSA prime sizes, in bits.
The DSA domain parameter generation mechanism, denoted CKM_DSA_PARAMETER_GEN, is a domain parameter generation mechanism based on the Digital Signature Algorithm defined in FIPS PUB 186-2.
This mechanism does not have a parameter.
The mechanism generates DSA domain parameters with a particular prime length in bits, as specified in the CKA_PRIME_BITS attribute of the template.
The mechanism contributes the CKA_CLASS, CKA_KEY_TYPE, CKA_PRIME, CKA_SUBPRIME, CKA_BASE and CKA_PRIME_BITS attributes to the new object. Other attributes supported by the DSA domain parameter types may also be specified in the template, or else are assigned default initial values.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of DSA prime sizes, in bits.
The DSA probabilistic domain parameter generation mechanism, denoted CKM_DSA_PROBABLISTIC_PARAMETER_GEN, is a domain parameter generation mechanism based on the Digital Signature Algorithm defined in FIPS PUB 186-4, section Appendix A.1.1 Generation and Validation of Probable Primes..
This mechanism takes a CK_DSA_PARAMETER_GEN_PARAM which supplies the base hash and returns the seed (pSeed) and the length (ulSeedLen).
The mechanism generates DSA the prime and subprime domain parameters with a particular prime length in bits, as specified in the CKA_PRIME_BITS attribute of the template and the subprime length as specified in the CKA_SUBPRIME_BITS attribute of the template.
The mechanism contributes the CKA_CLASS, CKA_KEY_TYPE, CKA_PRIME, CKA_SUBPRIME, CKA_PRIME_BITS, and CKA_SUBPRIME_BITS attributes to the new object. CKA_BASE is not set by this call. Other attributes supported by the DSA domain parameter types may also be specified in the template, or else are assigned default initial values.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of DSA prime sizes, in bits.
The DSA Shawe-Taylor domain parameter generation mechanism, denoted CKM_DSA_SHAWE_TAYLOR_PARAMETER_GEN, is a domain parameter generation mechanism based on the Digital Signature Algorithm defined in FIPS PUB 186-4, section Appendix A.1.2 Construction and Validation of Provable Primes p and q.
This mechanism takes a CK_DSA_PARAMETER_GEN_PARAM which supplies the base hash and returns the seed (pSeed) and the length (ulSeedLen).
The mechanism generates DSA the prime and subprime domain parameters with a particular prime length in bits, as specified in the CKA_PRIME_BITS attribute of the template and the subprime length as specified in the CKA_SUBPRIME_BITS attribute of the template.
The mechanism contributes the CKA_CLASS, CKA_KEY_TYPE, CKA_PRIME, CKA_SUBPRIME, CKA_PRIME_BITS, and CKA_SUBPRIME_BITS attributes to the new object. CKA_BASE is not set by this call. Other attributes supported by the DSA domain parameter types may also be specified in the template, or else are assigned default initial values.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of DSA prime sizes, in bits.
The DSA base domain parameter generation mechanism, denoted CKM_DSA_FIPS_G_GEN, is a base parameter generation mechanism based on the Digital Signature Algorithm defined in FIPS PUB 186-4, section Appendix A.2 Generation of Generator G.
This mechanism takes a CK_DSA_PARAMETER_GEN_PARAM which supplies the base hash the seed (pSeed) and the length (ulSeedLen) and the index value.
The mechanism generates the DSA base with the domain parameter specified in the CKA_PRIME and CKA_SUBPRIME attributes of the template.
The mechanism contributes the CKA_CLASS, CKA_KEY_TYPE, and CKA_BASE attributes to the new object. Other attributes supported by the DSA domain parameter types may also be specified in the template, or else are assigned default initial values.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of DSA prime sizes, in bits.
The DSA without hashing mechanism, denoted CKM_DSA, is a mechanism for single-part signatures and verification based on the Digital Signature Algorithm defined in FIPS PUB 186-2. (This mechanism corresponds only to the part of DSA that processes the 20-byte hash value; it does not compute the hash value.)
For the purposes of this mechanism, a DSA signature is a 40-byte string, corresponding to the concatenation of the DSA values r and s, each represented most-significant byte first.
It does not have a parameter.
Constraints on key types and the length of data are summarized in the following table:
Table 22, DSA: Key And Data Length
|
Function |
Key type |
Input length |
Output length |
|
C_Sign1 |
DSA private key |
20, 28, 32, 48, or 64 bits |
2*length of subprime |
|
C_Verify1 |
DSA public key |
(20, 28, 32, 48, or 64 bits), (2*length of subprime)2 |
N/A |
1 Single-part operations only.
2 Data length, signature length.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of DSA prime sizes, in bits.
The DSA with SHA-1 mechanism, denoted CKM_DSA_SHA1, is a mechanism for single- and multiple-part signatures and verification based on the Digital Signature Algorithm defined in FIPS PUB 186-2. This mechanism computes the entire DSA specification, including the hashing with SHA-1.
For the purposes of this mechanism, a DSA signature is a 40-byte string, corresponding to the concatenation of the DSA values r and s, each represented most-significant byte first.
This mechanism does not have a parameter.
Constraints on key types and the length of data are summarized in the following table:
Table 23, DSA with SHA-1: Key And Data Length
|
Function |
Key type |
Input length |
Output length |
|
C_Sign |
DSA private key |
any |
2*subprime length |
|
C_Verify |
DSA public key |
any, 2*subprime length2 |
N/A |
2 Data length, signature length.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of DSA prime sizes, in bits.
When CKM_DSA is operated in FIPS mode, only the following bit lengths of p and q, represented by L and N, SHALL be used:
L = 1024, N = 160
L = 2048, N = 224
L = 2048, N = 256
L = 3072, N = 256
The DSA with SHA-1 mechanism, denoted CKM_DSA_SHA224, is a mechanism for single- and multiple-part signatures and verification based on the Digital Signature Algorithm defined in FIPS PUB 186-4. This mechanism computes the entire DSA specification, including the hashing with SHA-224.
For the purposes of this mechanism, a DSA signature is a string of length 2*subprime, corresponding to the concatenation of the DSA values r and s, each represented most-significant byte first.
This mechanism does not have a parameter.
Constraints on key types and the length of data are summarized in the following table:
Table 24, DSA with SHA-244: Key And Data Length
|
Function |
Key type |
Input length |
Output length |
|
C_Sign |
DSA private key |
any |
2*subprime length |
|
C_Verify |
DSA public key |
any, 2*subprime length2 |
N/A |
2 Data length, signature length.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of DSA prime sizes, in bits.
The DSA with SHA-1 mechanism, denoted CKM_DSA_SHA256, is a mechanism for single- and multiple-part signatures and verification based on the Digital Signature Algorithm defined in FIPS PUB 186-4. This mechanism computes the entire DSA specification, including the hashing with SHA-256.
For the purposes of this mechanism, a DSA signature is a string of length 2*subprime, corresponding to the concatenation of the DSA values r and s, each represented most-significant byte first.
This mechanism does not have a parameter.
Constraints on key types and the length of data are summarized in the following table:
Table 25, DSA with SHA-256: Key And Data Length
|
Function |
Key type |
Input length |
Output length |
|
C_Sign |
DSA private key |
any |
2*subprime length |
|
C_Verify |
DSA public key |
any, 2*subprime length2 |
N/A |
2 Data length, signature length.
The DSA with SHA-1 mechanism, denoted CKM_DSA_SHA384, is a mechanism for single- and multiple-part signatures and verification based on the Digital Signature Algorithm defined in FIPS PUB 186-4. This mechanism computes the entire DSA specification, including the hashing with SHA-384.
For the purposes of this mechanism, a DSA signature is a string of length 2*subprime, corresponding to the concatenation of the DSA values r and s, each represented most-significant byte first.
This mechanism does not have a parameter.
Constraints on key types and the length of data are summarized in the following table:
Table 26, DSA with SHA-384: Key And Data Length
|
Function |
Key type |
Input length |
Output length |
|
C_Sign |
DSA private key |
any |
2*subprime length |
|
C_Verify |
DSA public key |
any, 2*subprime length2 |
N/A |
2 Data length, signature length.
The DSA with SHA-1 mechanism, denoted CKM_DSA_SHA512, is a mechanism for single- and multiple-part signatures and verification based on the Digital Signature Algorithm defined in FIPS PUB 186-4. This mechanism computes the entire DSA specification, including the hashing with SHA-512.
For the purposes of this mechanism, a DSA signature is a string of length 2*subprime, corresponding to the concatenation of the DSA values r and s, each represented most-significant byte first.
This mechanism does not have a parameter.
Constraints on key types and the length of data are summarized in the following table:
Table 27, DSA with SHA-512: Key And Data Length
|
Function |
Key type |
Input length |
Output length |
|
C_Sign |
DSA private key |
any |
2*subprime length |
|
C_Verify |
DSA public key |
any, 2*subprime length2 |
N/A |
2 Data length, signature length.
The Elliptic Curve (EC) cryptosystem (also related to ECDSA) in this document is the one described in the ANSI X9.62 and X9.63 standards developed by the ANSI X9F1 working group.
Table 28, Elliptic Curve Mechanisms vs. Functions
|
|
Functions |
||||||
|
Mechanism |
Encrypt & Decrypt |
Sign & Verify |
SR & VR1 |
Digest |
Gen. Key/ Key Pair |
Wrap & Unwrap |
Derive |
|
CKM_EC_KEY_PAIR_GEN (CKM_ECDSA_KEY_PAIR_GEN) |
|
|
|
|
ü |
|
|
|
CKM_ECDSA |
|
ü2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
CKM_ECDSA_SHA1 |
|
ü |
|
|
|
|
|
|
CKM_ECDH1_DERIVE |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ü |
|
CKM_ECDH1_COFACTOR_DERIVE |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ü |
|
CKM_ECMQV_DERIVE |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ü |
|
CKM_ECDH_AES_KEY_WRAP |
|
|
|
|
|
ü |
|
Table 29, Mechanism Information Flags
|
CKF_EC_F_P |
0x00100000UL |
True if the mechanism can be used with EC domain parameters over Fp |
|
CKF_EC_F_2M |
0x00200000UL |
True if the mechanism can be used with EC domain parameters over F2m |
|
CKF_EC_ECPARAMETERS |
0x00400000UL |
True if the mechanism can be used with EC domain parameters of the choice ecParameters |
|
CKF_EC_NAMEDCURVE |
0x00800000UL |
True if the mechanism can be used with EC domain parameters of the choice namedCurve |
|
CKF_EC_UNCOMPRESS |
0x01000000UL |
True if the mechanism can be used with elliptic curve point uncompressed |
|
CKF_EC_COMPRESS |
0x02000000UL |
True if the mechanism can be used with elliptic curve point compressed |
In these standards, there are two different varieties of EC defined:
1. EC using a field with an odd prime number of elements (i.e. the finite field Fp).
2. EC using a field of characteristic two (i.e. the finite field F2m).
An EC key in Cryptoki contains information about which variety of EC it is suited for. It is preferable that a Cryptoki library, which can perform EC mechanisms, be capable of performing operations with the two varieties of EC, however this is not required. The CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure CKF_EC_F_P flag identifies a Cryptoki library supporting EC keys over Fp whereas the CKF_EC_F_2M flag identifies a Cryptoki library supporting EC keys over F2m. A Cryptoki library that can perform EC mechanisms must set either or both of these flags for each EC mechanism.
In these specifications there are also three representation methods to define the domain parameters for an EC key. Only the ecParameters and the namedCurve choices are supported in Cryptoki. The CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure CKF_EC_ECPARAMETERS flag identifies a Cryptoki library supporting the ecParameters choice whereas the CKF_EC_NAMEDCURVE flag identifies a Cryptoki library supporting the namedCurve choice. A Cryptoki library that can perform EC mechanisms must set either or both of these flags for each EC mechanism.
In these specifications, an EC public key (i.e. EC point Q) or the base point G when the ecParameters choice is used can be represented as an octet string of the uncompressed form or the compressed form. The CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure CKF_EC_UNCOMPRESS flag identifies a Cryptoki library supporting the uncompressed form whereas the CKF_EC_COMPRESS flag identifies a Cryptoki library supporting the compressed form. A Cryptoki library that can perform EC mechanisms must set either or both of these flags for each EC mechanism.
Note that an implementation of a Cryptoki library supporting EC with only one variety, one representation of domain parameters or one form may encounter difficulties achieving interoperability with other implementations.
If an attempt to create, generate, derive or unwrap an EC key of an unsupported curve is made, the attempt should fail with the error code CKR_CURVE_NOT_SUPPORTED. If an attempt to create, generate, derive, or unwrap an EC key with invalid or of an unsupported representation of domain parameters is made, that attempt should fail with the error code CKR_DOMAIN_PARAMS_INVALID. If an attempt to create, generate, derive, or unwrap an EC key of an unsupported form is made, that attempt should fail with the error code CKR_TEMPLATE_INCONSISTENT.
For the purposes of these mechanisms, an ECDSA signature is an octet string of even length which is at most two times nLen octets, where nLen is the length in octets of the base point order n. The signature octets correspond to the concatenation of the ECDSA values r and s, both represented as an octet string of equal length of at most nLen with the most significant byte first. If r and s have different octet length, the shorter of both must be padded with leading zero octets such that both have the same octet length. Loosely spoken, the first half of the signature is r and the second half is s. For signatures created by a token, the resulting signature is always of length 2nLen. For signatures passed to a token for verification, the signature may have a shorter length but must be composed as specified before.
If the length of the hash value is larger than the bit length of n, only the leftmost bits of the hash up to the length of n will be used. Any truncation is done by the token.
Note: For applications, it is recommended to encode the signature as an octet string of length two times nLen if possible. This ensures that the application works with PKCS#11 modules which have been implemented based on an older version of this document. Older versions required all signatures to have length two times nLen. It may be impossible to encode the signature with the maximum length of two times nLen if the application just gets the integer values of r and s (i.e. without leading zeros), but does not know the base point order n, because r and s can have any value between zero and the base point order n.
This section defines the key type “CKK_ECDSA” and “CKK_EC” for type CK_KEY_TYPE as used in the CKA_KEY_TYPE attribute of key objects.
Mechanisms:
Note: CKM_ECDSA_KEY_PAIR_GEN is deprecated in v2.11
CKM_ECDSA_KEY_PAIR_GEN
CKM_EC_KEY_PAIR_GEN
CKM_ECDSA
CKM_ECDSA_SHA1
CKM_ECDH1_DERIVE
CKM_ECMQV_DERIVE
CKM_ECDH_AES_KEY_WRAP
CKD_NULL
CKD_SHA1_KDF
EC (also related to ECDSA) public key objects (object class CKO_PUBLIC_KEY, key type CKK_EC or CKK_ECDSA) hold EC public keys. The following table defines the EC public key object attributes, in addition to the common attributes defined for this object class:
Table 30, Elliptic Curve Public Key Object Attributes
|
Attribute |
Data type |
Meaning |
|
CKA_EC_PARAMS1,3 (CKA_ECDSA_PARAMS) |
Byte array |
DER-encoding of an ANSI X9.62 Parameters value |
|
CKA_EC_POINT1,4 |
Byte array |
DER-encoding of ANSI X9.62 ECPoint value Q |
- Refer to [PKCS #11-Base] table 10 for footnotes
The CKA_EC_PARAMS or CKA_ECDSA_PARAMS attribute value is known as the “EC domain parameters” and is defined in ANSI X9.62 as a choice of three parameter representation methods with the following syntax:
Parameters ::= CHOICE {
ecParameters ECParameters,
namedCurve CURVES.&id({CurveNames}),
implicitlyCA NULL
}
This allows detailed specification of all required values using choice ecParameters, the use of a namedCurve as an object identifier substitute for a particular set of elliptic curve domain parameters, or implicitlyCA to indicate that the domain parameters are explicitly defined elsewhere. The use of a namedCurve is recommended over the choice ecParameters. The choice implicitlyCA must not be used in Cryptoki.
The following is a sample template for creating an EC (ECDSA) public key object:
CK_OBJECT_CLASS class = CKO_PUBLIC_KEY;
CK_KEY_TYPE keyType = CKK_EC;
CK_UTF8CHAR label[] = “An EC public key object”;
CK_BYTE ecParams[] = {...};
CK_BYTE ecPoint[] = {...};
CK_BBOOL true = CK_TRUE;
CK_ATTRIBUTE template[] = {
{CKA_CLASS, &class, sizeof(class)},
{CKA_KEY_TYPE, &keyType, sizeof(keyType)},
{CKA_TOKEN, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_LABEL, label, sizeof(label)-1},
{CKA_EC_PARAMS, ecParams, sizeof(ecParams)},
{CKA_EC_POINT, ecPoint, sizeof(ecPoint)}
};
EC (also related to ECDSA) private key objects (object class CKO_PRIVATE_KEY, key type CKK_EC or CKK_ECDSA) hold EC private keys. See Section 2.3 for more information about EC. The following table defines the EC private key object attributes, in addition to the common attributes defined for this object class:
Table 31, Elliptic Curve Private Key Object Attributes
|
Attribute |
Data type |
Meaning |
|
CKA_EC_PARAMS1,4,6 (CKA_ECDSA_PARAMS) |
Byte array |
DER-encoding of an ANSI X9.62 Parameters value |
|
CKA_VALUE1,4,6,7 |
Big integer |
ANSI X9.62 private value d |
- Refer to [PKCS #11-Base] table 10 for footnotes
The CKA_EC_PARAMS or CKA_ECDSA_PARAMS attribute value is known as the “EC domain parameters” and is defined in ANSI X9.62 as a choice of three parameter representation methods with the following syntax:
Parameters ::= CHOICE {
ecParameters ECParameters,
namedCurve CURVES.&id({CurveNames}),
implicitlyCA NULL
}
This allows detailed specification of all required values using choice ecParameters, the use of a namedCurve as an object identifier substitute for a particular set of elliptic curve domain parameters, or implicitlyCA to indicate that the domain parameters are explicitly defined elsewhere. The use of a namedCurve is recommended over the choice ecParameters. The choice implicitlyCA must not be used in Cryptoki.
Note that when generating an EC private key, the EC domain parameters are not specified in the key’s template. This is because EC private keys are only generated as part of an EC key pair, and the EC domain parameters for the pair are specified in the template for the EC public key.
The following is a sample template for creating an EC (ECDSA) private key object:
CK_OBJECT_CLASS class = CKO_PRIVATE_KEY;
CK_KEY_TYPE keyType = CKK_EC;
CK_UTF8CHAR label[] = “An EC private key object”;
CK_BYTE subject[] = {...};
CK_BYTE id[] = {123};
CK_BYTE ecParams[] = {...};
CK_BYTE value[] = {...};
CK_BBOOL true = CK_TRUE;
CK_ATTRIBUTE template[] = {
{CKA_CLASS, &class, sizeof(class)},
{CKA_KEY_TYPE, &keyType, sizeof(keyType)},
{CKA_TOKEN, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_LABEL, label, sizeof(label)-1},
{CKA_SUBJECT, subject, sizeof(subject)},
{CKA_ID, id, sizeof(id)},
{CKA_SENSITIVE, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_DERIVE, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_EC_PARAMS, ecParams, sizeof(ecParams)},
{CKA_VALUE, value, sizeof(value)}
The EC (also related to ECDSA) key pair generation mechanism, denoted CKM_EC_KEY_PAIR_GEN or CKM_ECDSA_KEY_PAIR_GEN, is a key pair generation mechanism for EC.
This mechanism does not have a parameter.
The mechanism generates EC public/private key pairs with particular EC domain parameters, as specified in the CKA_EC_PARAMS or CKA_ECDSA_PARAMS attribute of the template for the public key. Note that this version of Cryptoki does not include a mechanism for generating these EC domain parameters.
The mechanism contributes the CKA_CLASS, CKA_KEY_TYPE, and CKA_EC_POINT attributes to the new public key and the CKA_CLASS, CKA_KEY_TYPE, CKA_EC_PARAMS or CKA_ECDSA_PARAMS and CKA_VALUE attributes to the new private key. Other attributes supported by the EC public and private key types (specifically, the flags indicating which functions the keys support) may also be specified in the templates for the keys, or else are assigned default initial values.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the minimum and maximum supported number of bits in the field sizes, respectively. For example, if a Cryptoki library supports only ECDSA using a field of characteristic 2 which has between 2200 and 2300 elements, then ulMinKeySize = 201 and ulMaxKeySize = 301 (when written in binary notation, the number 2200 consists of a 1 bit followed by 200 0 bits. It is therefore a 201-bit number. Similarly, 2300 is a 301-bit number).
Refer section 2.3.1 for signature encoding.
The ECDSA without hashing mechanism, denoted CKM_ECDSA, is a mechanism for single-part signatures and verification for ECDSA. (This mechanism corresponds only to the part of ECDSA that processes the hash value, which should not be longer than 1024 bits; it does not compute the hash value.)
This mechanism does not have a parameter.
Constraints on key types and the length of data are summarized in the following table:
Table 32, ECDSA: Key and Data Length
|
Function |
Key type |
Input length |
Output length |
|
C_Sign1 |
ECDSA private key |
any3 |
2nLen |
|
C_Verify1 |
ECDSA public key |
any3, £2nLen 2 |
N/A |
1 Single-part operations only.
2 Data length, signature length.
3 Input the entire raw digest. Internally, this will be truncated to the appropriate number of bits.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the minimum and maximum supported number of bits in the field sizes, respectively. For example, if a Cryptoki library supports only ECDSA using a field of characteristic 2 which has between 2200 and 2300 elements (inclusive), then ulMinKeySize = 201 and ulMaxKeySize = 301 (when written in binary notation, the number 2200 consists of a 1 bit followed by 200 0 bits. It is therefore a 201-bit number. Similarly, 2300 is a 301-bit number).
Refer to section 2.3.1 for signature encoding.
The ECDSA with SHA-1 mechanism, denoted CKM_ECDSA_SHA1, is a mechanism for single- and multiple-part signatures and verification for ECDSA. This mechanism computes the entire ECDSA specification, including the hashing with SHA-1.
This mechanism does not have a parameter.
Constraints on key types and the length of data are summarized in the following table:
Table 33, ECDSA with SHA-1: Key and Data Length
|
Function |
Key type |
Input length |
Output length |
|
C_Sign |
ECDSA private key |
any |
2nLen |
|
C_Verify |
ECDSA public key |
any, £2nLen 2 |
N/A |
2 Data length, signature length.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the minimum and maximum supported number of bits in the field sizes, respectively. For example, if a Cryptoki library supports only ECDSA using a field of characteristic 2 which has between 2200 and 2300 elements, then ulMinKeySize = 201 and ulMaxKeySize = 301 (when written in binary notation, the number 2200 consists of a 1 bit followed by 200 0 bits. It is therefore a 201-bit number. Similarly, 2300 is a 301-bit number).
¨ CK_EC_KDF_TYPE, CK_EC_KDF_TYPE_PTR
CK_EC_KDF_TYPE is used to indicate the Key Derivation Function (KDF) applied to derive keying data from a shared secret. The key derivation function will be used by the EC key agreement schemes. It is defined as follows:
typedef CK_ULONG CK_EC_KDF_TYPE;
The following table lists the defined functions.
Table 34, EC: Key Derivation Functions
|
Source Identifier |
|
CKD_NULL |
|
CKD_SHA1_KDF |
|
CKD_SHA224_KDF |
|
CKD_SHA256_KDF |
|
CKD_SHA384_KDF |
|
CKD_SHA512_KDF |
The key derivation function CKD_NULL produces a raw shared secret value without applying any key derivation function whereas the key derivation function CKD_SHA1_KDF, which is based on SHA-1, derives keying data from the shared secret value as defined in ANSI X9.63.
CK_EC_KDF_TYPE_PTR is a pointer to a CK_EC_KDF_TYPE.
¨ CK_ECDH1_DERIVE_PARAMS, CK_ECDH1_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR
CK_ECDH1_DERIVE_PARAMS is a structure that provides the parameters for the CKM_ECDH1_DERIVE and CKM_ECDH1_COFACTOR_DERIVE key derivation mechanisms, where each party contributes one key pair. The structure is defined as follows:
typedef struct CK_ECDH1_DERIVE_PARAMS {
CK_EC_KDF_TYPE kdf;
CK_ULONG ulSharedDataLen;
CK_BYTE_PTR pSharedData;
CK_ULONG ulPublicDataLen;
CK_BYTE_PTR pPublicData;
} CK_ECDH1_DERIVE_PARAMS;
The fields of the structure have the following meanings:
kdf key derivation function used on the shared secret value
ulSharedDataLen the length in bytes of the shared info
pSharedData some data shared between the two parties
ulPublicDataLen the length in bytes of the other party’s EC public key
pPublicData[1] pointer to other party’s EC public key value. A token MUST be able to accept this value encoded as a raw octet string (as per section A.5.2 of [ANSI X9.62]). A token MAY, in addition, support accepting this value as a DER-encoded ECPoint (as per section E.6 of [ANSI X9.62]) i.e. the same as a CKA_EC_POINT encoding. The calling application is responsible for converting the offered public key to the compressed or uncompressed forms of these encodings if the token does not support the offered form.
With the key derivation function CKD_NULL, pSharedData must be NULL and ulSharedDataLen must be zero. With the key derivation function CKD_SHA1_KDF, an optional pSharedData may be supplied, which consists of some data shared by the two parties intending to share the shared secret. Otherwise, pSharedData must be NULL and ulSharedDataLen must be zero.
CK_ECDH1_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR is a pointer to a CK_ECDH1_DERIVE_PARAMS.
¨
CK_ECMQV _DERIVE_PARAMS, CK_ECMQV_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR
CK_ECMQV_DERIVE_PARAMS is a structure that provides the parameters to the CKM_ECMQV_DERIVE key derivation mechanism, where each party contributes two key pairs. The structure is defined as follows:
typedef struct CK_ECMQV_DERIVE_PARAMS {
CK_EC_KDF_TYPE kdf;
CK_ULONG ulSharedDataLen;
CK_BYTE_PTR pSharedData;
CK_ULONG ulPublicDataLen;
CK_BYTE_PTR pPublicData;
CK_ULONG ulPrivateDataLen;
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hPrivateData;
CK_ULONG ulPublicDataLen2;
CK_BYTE_PTR pPublicData2;
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE publicKey;
} CK_ECMQV_DERIVE_PARAMS;
The fields of the structure have the following meanings:
kdf key derivation function used on the shared secret value
ulSharedDataLen the length in bytes of the shared info
pSharedData some data shared between the two parties
ulPublicDataLen the length in bytes of the other party’s first EC public key
pPublicData pointer to other party’s first EC public key value. Encoding rules are as per pPublicData of CK_ECDH1_DERIVE_PARAMS
ulPrivateDataLen the length in bytes of the second EC private key
hPrivateData key handle for second EC private key value
ulPublicDataLen2 the length in bytes of the other party’s second EC public key
pPublicData2 pointer to other party’s second EC public key value. Encoding rules are as per pPublicData of CK_ECDH1_DERIVE_PARAMS
publicKey Handle to the first party’s ephemeral public key
With the key derivation function CKD_NULL, pSharedData must be NULL and ulSharedDataLen must be zero. With the key derivation function CKD_SHA1_KDF, an optional pSharedData may be supplied, which consists of some data shared by the two parties intending to share the shared secret. Otherwise, pSharedData must be NULL and ulSharedDataLen must be zero.
CK_ECMQV_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR is a pointer to a CK_ECMQV_DERIVE_PARAMS.
The elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) key derivation mechanism, denoted CKM_ECDH1_DERIVE, is a mechanism for key derivation based on the Diffie-Hellman version of the elliptic curve key agreement scheme, as defined in ANSI X9.63, where each party contributes one key pair all using the same EC domain parameters.
It has a parameter, a CK_ECDH1_DERIVE_PARAMS structure.
This mechanism derives a secret value, and truncates the result according to the CKA_KEY_TYPE attribute of the template and, if it has one and the key type supports it, the CKA_VALUE_LEN attribute of the template. (The truncation removes bytes from the leading end of the secret value.) The mechanism contributes the result as the CKA_VALUE attribute of the new key; other attributes required by the key type must be specified in the template.
This mechanism has the following rules about key sensitivity and extractability:
· The CKA_SENSITIVE and CKA_EXTRACTABLE attributes in the template for the new key can both be specified to be either CK_TRUE or CK_FALSE. If omitted, these attributes each take on some default value.
· If the base key has its CKA_ALWAYS_SENSITIVE attribute set to CK_FALSE, then the derived key will as well. If the base key has its CKA_ALWAYS_SENSITIVE attribute set to CK_TRUE, then the derived key has its CKA_ALWAYS_SENSITIVE attribute set to the same value as its CKA_SENSITIVE attribute.
· Similarly, if the base key has its CKA_NEVER_EXTRACTABLE attribute set to CK_FALSE, then the derived key will, too. If the base key has its CKA_NEVER_EXTRACTABLE attribute set to CK_TRUE, then the derived key has its CKA_NEVER_EXTRACTABLE attribute set to the opposite value from its CKA_EXTRACTABLE attribute.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the minimum and maximum supported number of bits in the field sizes, respectively. For example, if a Cryptoki library supports only EC using a field of characteristic 2 which has between 2200 and 2300 elements, then ulMinKeySize = 201 and ulMaxKeySize = 301 (when written in binary notation, the number 2200 consists of a 1 bit followed by 200 0 bits. It is therefore a 201-bit number. Similarly, 2300 is a 301-bit number).
The elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) with cofactor key derivation mechanism, denoted CKM_ECDH1_COFACTOR_DERIVE, is a mechanism for key derivation based on the cofactor Diffie-Hellman version of the elliptic curve key agreement scheme, as defined in ANSI X9.63, where each party contributes one key pair all using the same EC domain parameters. Cofactor multiplication is computationally efficient and helps to prevent security problems like small group attacks.
It has a parameter, a CK_ECDH1_DERIVE_PARAMS structure.
This mechanism derives a secret value, and truncates the result according to the CKA_KEY_TYPE attribute of the template and, if it has one and the key type supports it, the CKA_VALUE_LEN attribute of the template. (The truncation removes bytes from the leading end of the secret value.) The mechanism contributes the result as the CKA_VALUE attribute of the new key; other attributes required by the key type must be specified in the template.
This mechanism has the following rules about key sensitivity and extractability:
· The CKA_SENSITIVE and CKA_EXTRACTABLE attributes in the template for the new key can both be specified to be either CK_TRUE or CK_FALSE. If omitted, these attributes each take on some default value.
· If the base key has its CKA_ALWAYS_SENSITIVE attribute set to CK_FALSE, then the derived key will as well. If the base key has its CKA_ALWAYS_SENSITIVE attribute set to CK_TRUE, then the derived key has its CKA_ALWAYS_SENSITIVE attribute set to the same value as its CKA_SENSITIVE attribute.
· Similarly, if the base key has its CKA_NEVER_EXTRACTABLE attribute set to CK_FALSE, then the derived key will, too. If the base key has its CKA_NEVER_EXTRACTABLE attribute set to CK_TRUE, then the derived key has its CKA_NEVER_EXTRACTABLE attribute set to the opposite value from its CKA_EXTRACTABLE attribute.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the minimum and maximum supported number of bits in the field sizes, respectively. For example, if a Cryptoki library supports only EC using a field of characteristic 2 which has between 2200 and 2300 elements, then ulMinKeySize = 201 and ulMaxKeySize = 301 (when written in binary notation, the number 2200 consists of a 1 bit followed by 200 0 bits. It is therefore a 201-bit number. Similarly, 2300 is a 301-bit number).
The elliptic curve Menezes-Qu-Vanstone (ECMQV) key derivation mechanism, denoted CKM_ECMQV_DERIVE, is a mechanism for key derivation based the MQV version of the elliptic curve key agreement scheme, as defined in ANSI X9.63, where each party contributes two key pairs all using the same EC domain parameters.
It has a parameter, a CK_ECMQV_DERIVE_PARAMS structure.
This mechanism derives a secret value, and truncates the result according to the CKA_KEY_TYPE attribute of the template and, if it has one and the key type supports it, the CKA_VALUE_LEN attribute of the template. (The truncation removes bytes from the leading end of the secret value.) The mechanism contributes the result as the CKA_VALUE attribute of the new key; other attributes required by the key type must be specified in the template.
This mechanism has the following rules about key sensitivity and extractability:
· The CKA_SENSITIVE and CKA_EXTRACTABLE attributes in the template for the new key can both be specified to be either CK_TRUE or CK_FALSE. If omitted, these attributes each take on some default value.
· If the base key has its CKA_ALWAYS_SENSITIVE attribute set to CK_FALSE, then the derived key will as well. If the base key has its CKA_ALWAYS_SENSITIVE attribute set to CK_TRUE, then the derived key has its CKA_ALWAYS_SENSITIVE attribute set to the same value as its CKA_SENSITIVE attribute.
· Similarly, if the base key has its CKA_NEVER_EXTRACTABLE attribute set to CK_FALSE, then the derived key will, too. If the base key has its CKA_NEVER_EXTRACTABLE attribute set to CK_TRUE, then the derived key has its CKA_NEVER_EXTRACTABLE attribute set to the opposite value from its CKA_EXTRACTABLE attribute.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the minimum and maximum supported number of bits in the field sizes, respectively. For example, if a Cryptoki library supports only EC using a field of characteristic 2 which has between 2200 and 2300 elements, then ulMinKeySize = 201 and ulMaxKeySize = 301 (when written in binary notation, the number 2200 consists of a 1 bit followed by 200 0 bits. It is therefore a 201-bit number. Similarly, 2300 is a 301-bit number).
The ECDH AES KEY WRAP mechanism, denoted CKM_ECDH_AES_KEY_WRAP, is a mechanism based on elliptic curve public-key crypto-system and the AES key wrap mechanism. It supports single-part key wrapping; and key unwrapping.
It has a parameter, a CK_ECDH_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS structure.
The mechanism can wrap and un-wrap an asymmetric target key of any length and type using an EC key.
- A temporary AES key is derived from a temporary EC key and the wrapping EC key using the CKM_ECDH1_DERIVE mechanism.
- The derived AES key is used for wrapping the target key using the CKM_AES_KEY_WRAP_PAD mechanism.
For wrapping, the mechanism -
The recommended format for an asymmetric target key being wrapped is as a PKCS8 PrivateKeyInfo
The use of Attributes in the PrivateKeyInfo structure is OPTIONAL. In case of conflicts between the object attribute template, and Attributes in the PrivateKeyInfo structure, an error should be thrown.
For unwrapping, the mechanism -
Note: since the transport key and the wrapping EC key share the same domain, the length of the public key material of the transport key is the same length of the public key material of the unwrapping EC key.
Table 35, CKM_ECDH_AES_KEY_WRAP Mechanisms vs. Functions
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Functions |
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Mechanism |
Encrypt & Decrypt |
Sign & Verify |
SR & VR1 |
Digest |
Gen. Key/ Key Pair |
Wrap & Unwrap |
Derive |
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CKM_ECDH_AES_KEY_WRAP |
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ü |
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1SR = SignRecover, VR = VerifyRecover |
¨ CK_ECDH_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS; CK_ECDH_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS_PTR
CK_ECDH_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS is a structure that provides the parameters to the CKM_ECDH_AES_KEY_WRAP mechanism. It is defined as follows:
typedef struct CK_ECDH_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS {
CK_ULONG ulAESKeyBits;
CK_EC_KDF_TYPE kdf;
CK_ULONG ulSharedDataLen;
CK_BYTE_PTR pSharedData;
} CK_ECDH_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS;
The fields of the structure have the following meanings:
ulAESKeyBits length of the temporary AES key in bits. Can be only 128, 192 or 256.
Kdf key derivation function used on the shared secret value to generate AES key.
ulSharedDataLen the length in bytes of the shared info
pSharedData Some data shared between the two parties
CK_ECDH_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS_PTR is a pointer to a CK_ECDH_AES_KEY_WRAP_PARAMS.
When CKM_ECDSA is operated in FIPS mode, the curves SHALL either be NIST recommended curves (with a fixed set of domain parameters) or curves with domain parameters generated as specified by ANSI X9.64. The NIST recommended curves are:
P-192, P-224, P-256, P-384, P-521
K-163, B-163, K-233, B-233
K-283, B-283, K-409, B-409
K-571, B-571
Table 36, Diffie-Hellman Mechanisms vs. Functions
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Functions |
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Mechanism |
Encrypt & Decrypt |
Sign & Verify |
SR & VR1 |
Digest |
Gen. Key/ Key Pair |
Wrap & Unwrap |
Derive |
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CKM_DH_PKCS_KEY_PAIR_GEN |
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ü |
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CKM_DH_PKCS_PARAMETER_GEN |
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CKM_DH_PKCS_DERIVE |
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ü |
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CKM_X9_42_DH_KEY_PAIR_GEN |
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ü |
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CKM_X9_42_DH_ |
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ü |
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CKM_X9_42_DH_DERIVE |
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CKM_X9_42_DH_HYBRID_DERIVE |
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CKM_X9_42_MQV_DERIVE |
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ü |
This section defines the key type “CKK_DH” for type CK_KEY_TYPE as used in the CKA_KEY_TYPE attribute of [DH] key objects.
Mechanisms:
CKM_DH_PKCS_KEY_PAIR_GEN
CKM_DH_PKCS_DERIVE
CKM_X9_42_DH_KEY_PAIR_GEN
CKM_X9_42_DH_DERIVE
CKM_X9_42_DH_HYBRID_DERIVE
CKM_X9_42_MQV_DERIVE
CKM_DH_PKCS_PARAMETER_GEN
CKM_X9_42_DH_PARAMETER_GEN
Diffie-Hellman public key objects (object class CKO_PUBLIC_KEY, key type CKK_DH) hold Diffie-Hellman public keys. The following table defines the Diffie-Hellman public key object attributes, in addition to the common attributes defined for this object class:
Table 37, Diffie-Hellman Public Key Object Attributes
|
Attribute |
Data type |
Meaning |
|
CKA_PRIME1,3 |
Big integer |
Prime p |
|
CKA_BASE1,3 |
Big integer |
Base g |
|
CKA_VALUE1,4 |
Big integer |
Public value y |
- Refer to [PKCS #11-Base] table 10 for footnotes
The CKA_PRIME and CKA_BASE attribute values are collectively the “Diffie-Hellman domain parameters”. Depending on the token, there may be limits on the length of the key components. See PKCS #3 for more information on Diffie-Hellman keys.
The following is a sample template for creating a Diffie-Hellman public key object:
CK_OBJECT_CLASS class = CKO_PUBLIC_KEY;
CK_KEY_TYPE keyType = CKK_DH;
CK_UTF8CHAR label[] = “A Diffie-Hellman public key object”;
CK_BYTE prime[] = {...};
CK_BYTE base[] = {...};
CK_BYTE value[] = {...};
CK_BBOOL true = CK_TRUE;
CK_ATTRIBUTE template[] = {
{CKA_CLASS, &class, sizeof(class)},
{CKA_KEY_TYPE, &keyType, sizeof(keyType)},
{CKA_TOKEN, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_LABEL, label, sizeof(label)-1},
{CKA_PRIME, prime, sizeof(prime)},
{CKA_BASE, base, sizeof(base)},
{CKA_VALUE, value, sizeof(value)}
};
X9.42 Diffie-Hellman public key objects (object class CKO_PUBLIC_KEY, key type CKK_X9_42_DH) hold X9.42 Diffie-Hellman public keys. The following table defines the X9.42 Diffie-Hellman public key object attributes, in addition to the common attributes defined for this object class:
Table 38, X9.42 Diffie-Hellman Public Key Object Attributes
|
Attribute |
Data type |
Meaning |
|
CKA_PRIME1,3 |
Big integer |
Prime p (³ 1024 bits, in steps of 256 bits) |
|
CKA_BASE1,3 |
Big integer |
Base g |
|
CKA_SUBPRIME1,3 |
Big integer |
Subprime q (³ 160 bits) |
|
CKA_VALUE1,4 |
Big integer |
Public value y |
- Refer to [PKCS #11-Base] table 10 for footnotes
The CKA_PRIME, CKA_BASE and CKA_SUBPRIME attribute values are collectively the “X9.42 Diffie-Hellman domain parameters”. See the ANSI X9.42 standard for more information on X9.42 Diffie-Hellman keys.
The following is a sample template for creating a X9.42 Diffie-Hellman public key object:
CK_OBJECT_CLASS class = CKO_PUBLIC_KEY;
CK_KEY_TYPE keyType = CKK_X9_42_DH;
CK_UTF8CHAR label[] = “A X9.42 Diffie-Hellman public key object”;
CK_BYTE prime[] = {...};
CK_BYTE base[] = {...};
CK_BYTE subprime[] = {...};
CK_BYTE value[] = {...};
CK_BBOOL true = CK_TRUE;
CK_ATTRIBUTE template[] = {
{CKA_CLASS, &class, sizeof(class)},
{CKA_KEY_TYPE, &keyType, sizeof(keyType)},
{CKA_TOKEN, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_LABEL, label, sizeof(label)-1},
{CKA_PRIME, prime, sizeof(prime)},
{CKA_BASE, base, sizeof(base)},
{CKA_SUBPRIME, subprime, sizeof(subprime)},
{CKA_VALUE, value, sizeof(value)}
};
Diffie-Hellman private key objects (object class CKO_PRIVATE_KEY, key type CKK_DH) hold Diffie-Hellman private keys. The following table defines the Diffie-Hellman private key object attributes, in addition to the common attributes defined for this object class:
Table 39, Diffie-Hellman Private Key Object Attributes
|
Attribute |
Data type |
Meaning |
|
CKA_PRIME1,4,6 |
Big integer |
Prime p |
|
CKA_BASE1,4,6 |
Big integer |
Base g |
|
CKA_VALUE1,4,6,7 |
Big integer |
Private value x |
|
CKA_VALUE_BITS2,6 |
CK_ULONG |
Length in bits of private value x |
- Refer to [PKCS #11-Base] table 10 for footnotes
The CKA_PRIME and CKA_BASE attribute values are collectively the “Diffie-Hellman domain parameters”. Depending on the token, there may be limits on the length of the key components. See PKCS #3 for more information on Diffie-Hellman keys.
Note that when generating a Diffie-Hellman private key, the Diffie-Hellman parameters are not specified in the key’s template. This is because Diffie-Hellman private keys are only generated as part of a Diffie-Hellman key pair, and the Diffie-Hellman parameters for the pair are specified in the template for the Diffie-Hellman public key.
The following is a sample template for creating a Diffie-Hellman private key object:
CK_OBJECT_CLASS class = CKO_PRIVATE_KEY;
CK_KEY_TYPE keyType = CKK_DH;
CK_UTF8CHAR label[] = “A Diffie-Hellman private key object”;
CK_BYTE subject[] = {...};
CK_BYTE id[] = {123};
CK_BYTE prime[] = {...};
CK_BYTE base[] = {...};
CK_BYTE value[] = {...};
CK_BBOOL true = CK_TRUE;
CK_ATTRIBUTE template[] = {
{CKA_CLASS, &class, sizeof(class)},
{CKA_KEY_TYPE, &keyType, sizeof(keyType)},
{CKA_TOKEN, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_LABEL, label, sizeof(label)-1},
{CKA_SUBJECT, subject, sizeof(subject)},
{CKA_ID, id, sizeof(id)},
{CKA_SENSITIVE, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_DERIVE, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_PRIME, prime, sizeof(prime)},
{CKA_BASE, base, sizeof(base)},
{CKA_VALUE, value, sizeof(value)}
};
X9.42 Diffie-Hellman private key objects (object class CKO_PRIVATE_KEY, key type CKK_X9_42_DH) hold X9.42 Diffie-Hellman private keys. The following table defines the X9.42 Diffie-Hellman private key object attributes, in addition to the common attributes defined for this object class:
Table 40, X9.42 Diffie-Hellman Private Key Object Attributes
|
Attribute |
Data type |
Meaning |
|
CKA_PRIME1,4,6 |
Big integer |
Prime p (³ 1024 bits, in steps of 256 bits) |
|
CKA_BASE1,4,6 |
Big integer |
Base g |
|
CKA_SUBPRIME1,4,6 |
Big integer |
Subprime q (³ 160 bits) |
|
CKA_VALUE1,4,6,7 |
Big integer |
Private value x |
- Refer to [PKCS #11-Base] table 10 for footnotes
The CKA_PRIME, CKA_BASE and CKA_SUBPRIME attribute values are collectively the “X9.42 Diffie-Hellman domain parameters”. Depending on the token, there may be limits on the length of the key components. See the ANSI X9.42 standard for more information on X9.42 Diffie-Hellman keys.
Note that when generating a X9.42 Diffie-Hellman private key, the X9.42 Diffie-Hellman domain parameters are not specified in the key’s template. This is because X9.42 Diffie-Hellman private keys are only generated as part of a X9.42 Diffie-Hellman key pair, and the X9.42 Diffie-Hellman domain parameters for the pair are specified in the template for the X9.42 Diffie-Hellman public key.
The following is a sample template for creating a X9.42 Diffie-Hellman private key object:
CK_OBJECT_CLASS class = CKO_PRIVATE_KEY;
CK_KEY_TYPE keyType = CKK_X9_42_DH;
CK_UTF8CHAR label[] = “A X9.42 Diffie-Hellman private key object”;
CK_BYTE subject[] = {...};
CK_BYTE id[] = {123};
CK_BYTE prime[] = {...};
CK_BYTE base[] = {...};
CK_BYTE subprime[] = {...};
CK_BYTE value[] = {...};
CK_BBOOL true = CK_TRUE;
CK_ATTRIBUTE template[] = {
{CKA_CLASS, &class, sizeof(class)},
{CKA_KEY_TYPE, &keyType, sizeof(keyType)},
{CKA_TOKEN, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_LABEL, label, sizeof(label)-1},
{CKA_SUBJECT, subject, sizeof(subject)},
{CKA_ID, id, sizeof(id)},
{CKA_SENSITIVE, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_DERIVE, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_PRIME, prime, sizeof(prime)},
{CKA_BASE, base, sizeof(base)},
{CKA_SUBPRIME, subprime, sizeof(subprime)},
{CKA_VALUE, value, sizeof(value)}
};
Diffie-Hellman domain parameter objects (object class CKO_DOMAIN_PARAMETERS, key type CKK_DH) hold Diffie-Hellman domain parameters. The following table defines the Diffie-Hellman domain parameter object attributes, in addition to the common attributes defined for this object class:
Table 41, Diffie-Hellman Domain Parameter Object Attributes
|
Attribute |
Data type |
Meaning |
|
CKA_PRIME1,4 |
Big integer |
Prime p |
|
CKA_BASE1,4 |
Big integer |
Base g |
|
CKA_PRIME_BITS2,3 |
CK_ULONG |
Length of the prime value. |
- Refer to [PKCS #11-Base] table 10 for footnotes
The CKA_PRIME and CKA_BASE attribute values are collectively the “Diffie-Hellman domain parameters”. Depending on the token, there may be limits on the length of the key components. See PKCS #3 for more information on Diffie-Hellman domain parameters.
The following is a sample template for creating a Diffie-Hellman domain parameter object:
CK_OBJECT_CLASS class = CKO_DOMAIN_PARAMETERS;
CK_KEY_TYPE keyType = CKK_DH;
CK_UTF8CHAR label[] = “A Diffie-Hellman domain parameters object”;
CK_BYTE prime[] = {...};
CK_BYTE base[] = {...};
CK_BBOOL true = CK_TRUE;
CK_ATTRIBUTE template[] = {
{CKA_CLASS, &class, sizeof(class)},
{CKA_KEY_TYPE, &keyType, sizeof(keyType)},
{CKA_TOKEN, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_LABEL, label, sizeof(label)-1},
{CKA_PRIME, prime, sizeof(prime)},
{CKA_BASE, base, sizeof(base)},
};
X9.42 Diffie-Hellman domain parameters objects (object class CKO_DOMAIN_PARAMETERS, key type CKK_X9_42_DH) hold X9.42 Diffie-Hellman domain parameters. The following table defines the X9.42 Diffie-Hellman domain parameters object attributes, in addition to the common attributes defined for this object class:
Table 42, X9.42 Diffie-Hellman Domain Parameters Object Attributes
|
Attribute |
Data type |
Meaning |
|
CKA_PRIME1,4 |
Big integer |
Prime p (³ 1024 bits, in steps of 256 bits) |
|
CKA_BASE1,4 |
Big integer |
Base g |
|
CKA_SUBPRIME1,4 |
Big integer |
Subprime q (³ 160 bits) |
|
CKA_PRIME_BITS2,3 |
CK_ULONG |
Length of the prime value. |
|
CKA_SUBPRIME_BITS2,3 |
CK_ULONG |
Length of the subprime value. |
- Refer to [PKCS #11-Base] table 10 for footnotes
The CKA_PRIME, CKA_BASE and CKA_SUBPRIME attribute values are collectively the “X9.42 Diffie-Hellman domain parameters”. Depending on the token, there may be limits on the length of the domain parameters components. See the ANSI X9.42 standard for more information on X9.42 Diffie-Hellman domain parameters.
The following is a sample template for creating a X9.42 Diffie-Hellman domain parameters object:
CK_OBJECT_CLASS class = CKO_DOMAIN_PARAMETERS;
CK_KEY_TYPE keyType = CKK_X9_42_DH;
CK_UTF8CHAR label[] = “A X9.42 Diffie-Hellman domain parameters object”;
CK_BYTE prime[] = {...};
CK_BYTE base[] = {...};
CK_BYTE subprime[] = {...};
CK_BBOOL true = CK_TRUE;
CK_ATTRIBUTE template[] = {
{CKA_CLASS, &class, sizeof(class)},
{CKA_KEY_TYPE, &keyType, sizeof(keyType)},
{CKA_TOKEN, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_LABEL, label, sizeof(label)-1},
{CKA_PRIME, prime, sizeof(prime)},
{CKA_BASE, base, sizeof(base)},
{CKA_SUBPRIME, subprime, sizeof(subprime)},
};
The PKCS #3 Diffie-Hellman key pair generation mechanism, denoted CKM_DH_PKCS_KEY_PAIR_GEN, is a key pair generation mechanism based on Diffie-Hellman key agreement, as defined in PKCS #3. This is what PKCS #3 calls “phase I”. It does not have a parameter.
The mechanism generates Diffie-Hellman public/private key pairs with a particular prime and base, as specified in the CKA_PRIME and CKA_BASE attributes of the template for the public key. If the CKA_VALUE_BITS attribute of the private key is specified, the mechanism limits the length in bits of the private value, as described in PKCS #3.
The mechanism contributes the CKA_CLASS, CKA_KEY_TYPE, and CKA_VALUE attributes to the new public key and the CKA_CLASS, CKA_KEY_TYPE, CKA_PRIME, CKA_BASE, and CKA_VALUE (and the CKA_VALUE_BITS attribute, if it is not already provided in the template) attributes to the new private key; other attributes required by the Diffie-Hellman public and private key types must be specified in the templates.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of Diffie-Hellman prime sizes, in bits.
The PKCS #3 Diffie-Hellman domain parameter generation mechanism, denoted CKM_DH_PKCS_PARAMETER_GEN, is a domain parameter generation mechanism based on Diffie-Hellman key agreement, as defined in PKCS #3.
It does not have a parameter.
The mechanism generates Diffie-Hellman domain parameters with a particular prime length in bits, as specified in the CKA_PRIME_BITS attribute of the template.
The mechanism contributes the CKA_CLASS, CKA_KEY_TYPE, CKA_PRIME, CKA_BASE, and CKA_PRIME_BITS attributes to the new object. Other attributes supported by the Diffie-Hellman domain parameter types may also be specified in the template, or else are assigned default initial values.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of Diffie-Hellman prime sizes, in bits.
The PKCS #3 Diffie-Hellman key derivation mechanism, denoted CKM_DH_PKCS_DERIVE, is a mechanism for key derivation based on Diffie-Hellman key agreement, as defined in PKCS #3. This is what PKCS #3 calls “phase II”.
It has a parameter, which is the public value of the other party in the key agreement protocol, represented as a Cryptoki “Big integer” (i.e., a sequence of bytes, most-significant byte first).
This mechanism derives a secret key from a Diffie-Hellman private key and the public value of the other party. It computes a Diffie-Hellman secret value from the public value and private key according to PKCS #3, and truncates the result according to the CKA_KEY_TYPE attribute of the template and, if it has one and the key type supports it, the CKA_VALUE_LEN attribute of the template. (The truncation removes bytes from the leading end of the secret value.) The mechanism contributes the result as the CKA_VALUE attribute of the new key; other attributes required by the key type must be specified in the template.
This mechanism has the following rules about key sensitivity and extractability[2]:
· The CKA_SENSITIVE and CKA_EXTRACTABLE attributes in the template for the new key can both be specified to be either CK_TRUE or CK_FALSE. If omitted, these attributes each take on some default value.
· If the base key has its CKA_ALWAYS_SENSITIVE attribute set to CK_FALSE, then the derived key will as well. If the base key has its CKA_ALWAYS_SENSITIVE attribute set to CK_TRUE, then the derived key has its CKA_ALWAYS_SENSITIVE attribute set to the same value as its CKA_SENSITIVE attribute.
· Similarly, if the base key has its CKA_NEVER_EXTRACTABLE attribute set to CK_FALSE, then the derived key will, too. If the base key has its CKA_NEVER_EXTRACTABLE attribute set to CK_TRUE, then the derived key has its CKA_NEVER_EXTRACTABLE attribute set to the opposite value from its CKA_EXTRACTABLE attribute.
For this mechanism, the ulMinKeySize and ulMaxKeySize fields of the CK_MECHANISM_INFO structure specify the supported range of Diffie-Hellman prime sizes, in bits.
¨ CK_X9_42_DH_KDF_TYPE, CK_X9_42_DH_KDF_TYPE_PTR
CK_X9_42_DH_KDF_TYPE is used to indicate the Key Derivation Function (KDF) applied to derive keying data from a shared secret. The key derivation function will be used by the X9.42 Diffie-Hellman key agreement schemes. It is defined as follows:
typedef CK_ULONG CK_X9_42_DH_KDF_TYPE;
The following table lists the defined functions.
Table 43, X9.42 Diffie-Hellman Key Derivation Functions
|
Source Identifier |
|
CKD_NULL |
|
CKD_SHA1_KDF_ASN1 |
|
CKD_SHA1_KDF_CONCATENATE |
The key derivation function CKD_NULL produces a raw shared secret value without applying any key derivation function whereas the key derivation functions CKD_SHA1_KDF_ASN1 and CKD_SHA1_KDF_CONCATENATE, which are both based on SHA-1, derive keying data from the shared secret value as defined in the ANSI X9.42 standard.
CK_X9_42_DH_KDF_TYPE_PTR is a pointer to a CK_X9_42_DH_KDF_TYPE.
¨ CK_X9_42_DH1_DERIVE_PARAMS, CK_X9_42_DH1_DERIVE_PARAMS_PTR
CK_X9_42_DH1_DERIVE_PARAMS is a structure that provides the parameters to the CKM_X9_42_DH_DERIVE key derivation mechanism, where each party contributes one key pair. The structure is defined as follows:
typedef struct CK_X9_42_DH1_DERIVE_PARAMS {
CK_X9_42_DH_KDF_TYPE kdf;
CK_ULONG ulOtherInfoLen;
CK_BYTE_PTR pOtherInfo;
CK_ULONG ulPublicDataLen;
CK_BYTE_PTR pPublicData;
} CK_X9_42_DH1_DERIVE_PARAMS;
The fields of the structure have the following meanings:
kdf key derivation function used on the shared secret value
ulOtherInfoLen the length in bytes of the other info
pOtherInfo some data shared between the two parties
ulPublicDataLen the length in bytes of the other party’s X9.42 Diffie-Hellman public key
pPublicData pointer to other party’s X9.42 Diffie-Hellman public key value