The Issue
Political prison camps are the source of some of the greatest atrocities committed in North Korea. They have lasted five times as long as the Nazi concentration camps and twice as long as the Soviet Gulags that inspired their creation. Their purpose is to detain (in most cases, for life) citizens who have committed “political crimes”—actions contradictory to the government’s wishes, but generally not considered criminal elsewhere in the world.
An estimated 80,000 to 120,000 people are currently being detained in the four large prison camps known to exist in North Korea today. The North Korean regime refuses to acknowledge the existence of these camps and it is likely that there are additional, so far undetected secret detention facilities, where political prisoners are detained under similar conditions.
Political crimes
“Political crimes” vary widely and can include acts as simple as listening to a South Korean pop song, attempting to make a phone call outside of the country, creasing the picture of a North Korean leader or otherwise doing anything to insult the authority of the leadership.
Three generations
North Korea holds to a policy for some political “crimes” of punishing not only the “criminal,” but also up to three generations of the individual’s family, who may all be detained indefinitely or killed.
The witnesses
We now have testimonies from several former prisoners from different camps, as well as former guards who have defected. The validity of the evidence provided by these people is supported by how much these testimonies corroborate each other, and also because they have been corroborated by satellite images of the camps.
Political Prison Camps
Facts
Size:
Location:
Open since:
Other details:
Satellite Photo
Click photo to enlarge
The Report
The information for this site comes primarily from the UN commission of inquiry on human rights in North Korea. The commission was established in March 2013 by the UN Human Rights Council. More than 80 witnesses and experts testified publicly before the commission and provided information. Additionally, the commission conducted more than 240 confidential interviews with victims and other witnesses.
The commission was mandated to investigate the systematic, widespread and grave violations of human rights in North Korea including, in particular, the following nine specific areas:
- Violations of the right to food
- Violations associated with prison camps
- Torture and inhuman treatment
- Arbitrary arrest and detention
- The systemic violation of basic human rights and fundamental freedoms
- Violations of the freedom of expression
- Violations of the right to life
- Violations of the freedom of movement
- Abductions of nationals of other States
The commission found that "systematic, widespread and gross human rights violations have been and are being committed" by North Korea. In many instances, the violations found entailed crimes against humanity.
The commission estimated that hundreds of thousands of political prisoners have perished in these political prison camps over the past five decades. According to the commission, "the unspeakable atrocities that are being committed against inmates of the political prison camps resemble the horrors of camps that totalitarian States established during the twentieth century."
Additional Information
Watch
Read
The Real North Korea
View on AmazonNothing to Envy
View on AmazonOnly Beautiful, Please
View on AmazonEscape from Camp 14
View on AmazonEscape from North Korea
View on AmazonNorth of the DMZ
View on AmazonInside the Red Box
View on AmazonWitness to Transformation
View on AmazonUnder the Loving Care of the Fatherly Leader
View on AmazonThe Aquariums of Pyongyang
View on Amazon


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16. an-Nahl: The Bee
1
The commandment of Allah will come to pass, so seek not ye to hasten it. Glorified and Exalted be He above all that they associate (with Him).
2
He sendeth down the angels with the Spirit of His command unto whom He will of His bondmen, (saying): Warn mankind that there is no God save Me, so keep your duty unto Me.
3
He hath created the heavens and the earth with truth. High be He Exalted above all that they associate (with Him).
4
He hath created man from a drop of fluid, yet behold! he is an open opponent.
5
And the cattle hath He created, whence ye have warm clothing and uses, and whereof ye eat;
6
And wherein is beauty for you, when ye bring them home, and when ye take them out to pasture.
7
And they bear your loads for you unto a land ye could not reach save with great trouble to yourselves. Lo! your Lord is Full of Pity, Merciful.
8
And horses and mules and asses (hath He created) that ye may ride them, and for ornament. And He createth that which ye know not.
9
And Allah's is the direction of the way, and some (roads) go not straight. And had He willed He would have led you all aright.
10
He it is Who sendeth down water from the sky, whence ye have drink, and whence are trees on which ye send your beasts to pasture.
11
Therewith He causeth crops to grow for you, and the olive and the date-palm and grapes and all kinds of fruit. Lo! herein is indeed a portent for people who reflect.
12
And He hath constrained the night and the day and the sun and the moon to be of service unto you, and the stars are made subservient by His command. Lo! herein indeed are portents for people who have sense.
13
And whatsoever He hath created for you in the earth of divers hues, lo! therein is indeed a portent for people who take heed.
14
And He it is Who hath constrained the sea to be of service that ye eat fresh meat from thence, and bring forth from thence ornaments which ye wear. And thou seest the ships ploughing it that ye (mankind) may seek of His bounty and that haply ye may give thanks.
15
And He hath cast into the earth firm hills that it quake not with you, and streams and roads that ye may find a way.
16
And landmarks (too), and by the star they find a way.
17
Is He then Who createth as him who createth not ? Will ye not then remember ?
18
And if ye would count the favour of Allah ye cannot reckon it. Lo! Allah is indeed Forgiving, Merciful.
19
And Allah knoweth that which ye keep hidden and that which ye proclaim.
20
Those unto whom they cry beside Allah created naught, but are themselves created.
21
(They are) dead, not living.  But as for those who believe not in the Hereafter their hearts refuse to know, for they are proud.
23
Assuredly Allah knoweth that which they keep hidden and that which they proclaim. Lo! He loveth not the proud.
24
And when it is said unto them: What hath your Lord revealed ? they say: (Mere) fables of the men of old,
25
That they may bear their burdens undiminished on the Day of Resurrection, with somewhat of the burdens of those whom they mislead without knowledge. Ah! evil is that which they bear!
26
Those before them plotted, so Allah struck at the foundations of their building, and then the roof fell down upon them from above them, and the doom came on them whence they knew not;
27
Then on the Day of Resurrection He will disgrace them and will say: Where are My partners, for whose sake ye opposed (My guidance) ? Those who have been given knowledge will say: Disgrace this day and evil are upon the disbelievers,
28
Whom the angels cause to die while they are wronging themselves. Then will they make full submission (saying): We used not to do any wrong. Nay! Surely Allah is Knower of what ye used to do.
29
So enter the gates of hell, to dwell therein for ever.  They say: Good. For those who do good in this world there is a good (reward) and the home of the Hereafter will be better. Pleasant indeed will be the home of those who ward off (evil) -
31
Gardens of Eden which they enter, underneath which rivers flow, wherein they have what they will.  They say: Peace be unto you! Enter the Garden because of what ye used to do.
33
Await they aught say that the angels should come unto them or thy Lord's command should come to pass ? Even so did those before them. Allah wronged them not, but they did wrong themselves,
34
So that the evils of what they did smote them, and that which they used to mock surrounded them.
35
And the idolaters say: Had Allah willed, we had not worshipped aught beside Him, we and our fathers, nor had we forbidden aught without (command from) Him. Even so did those before them. Are the messengers charged with aught save plain conveyance (of the message) ?
36
And verily We have raised in every nation a messenger, (proclaiming): Serve Allah and shun false gods. Then some of them (there were) whom Allah guided, and some of them (there were) upon whom error had just hold. Do but travel in the land and see the nature of the consequence for the deniers!
37
Even if thou (O Muhammad) desirest their right guidance, still Allah assuredly will not guide him who misleadeth.  Nay, but it is a promise (binding) upon Him in truth, but most of mankind know not,
39
That He may explain unto them that wherein they differ, and that those who disbelieved may know that they were liars.
40
And Our word unto a thing, when We intend it, is only that We say unto it: Be! and it is.
41
And those who became fugitives for the cause of Allah after they had been oppressed, We verily shall give them goodly lodging in the world, and surely the reward of the Hereafter is greater, if they but knew;
42
Such as are steadfast and put their trust in Allah.
43
And We sent not (as Our messengers) before thee other than men whom We inspired - Ask the followers of the Remembrance if ye know not! -
44
With clear proofs and writings; and We have revealed unto thee the Remembrance that thou mayst explain to mankind that which hath been revealed for them, and that haply they may reflect.
45
Are they who plan ill-deeds then secure that Allah will not cause the earth to swallow them, or that the doom will not come on them whence they know not ?
46
Or that He will not seize them in their going to and fro so that there be no escape for them ?
47
Or that He will not seize them with a gradual wasting ? Lo! thy Lord is indeed Full of Pity, Merciful.
48
Have they not observed all things that Allah hath created, how their shadows incline to the right and to the left, making prostration unto Allah, and they are lowly ?
49
And unto Allah maketh prostration whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth of living creatures, and the angels (also) and they are not proud.
50
They fear their Lord above them, and do what they are bidden.
51
Allah hath said: Choose not two gods. There is only One God. So of Me, Me only, be in awe.
52
Unto Him belongeth whatsoever is in the heavens and the earth, and religion is His for ever. Will ye then fear any other than Allah ?
53
And whatever of comfort ye enjoy, it is from Allah. Then, when misfortune reacheth you, unto Him ye cry for help.
54
And afterward, when He hath rid you of the misfortune, behold! a set of you attribute partners to their Lord,
55
So as to deny that which We have given them. Then enjoy life (while ye may), for ye will come to know.
56
And they assign a portion of that which We have given them unto what they know not. By Allah! but ye will indeed be asked concerning (all) that ye used to invent.
57
And they assign unto Allah daughters - Be He Glorified! - and unto themselves what they desire;
58
When if one of them receiveth tidings of the birth of a female, his face remaineth darkened, and he is wroth inwardly.
59
He hideth himself from the folk because of the evil of that whereof he hath had tidings, (asking himself): Shall he keep it in contempt, or bury it beneath the dust. Verily evil is their judgment.
60
For those who believe not in the Hereafter is an evil similitude, and Allah's is the Sublime Similitude. He is the Mighty, the Wise.
61
If Allah were to take mankind to task for their wrong-doing, he would not leave hereon a living creature, but He reprieveth them to an appointed term, and when their term cometh they cannot put (it) off an hour nor (yet) advance (it).
62
And they assign unto Allah that which they (themselves) dislike, and their tongues expound the lie that the better portion will be theirs. Assuredly theirs will be the Fire, and they will be abandoned.
63
By Allah, We verily sent messengers unto the nations before thee, but the devil made their deeds fairseeming unto them. So he is their patron this day, and theirs will be a painful doom.
64
And We have revealed the Scripture unto thee only that thou mayst explain unto them that wherein they differ, and (as) a guidance and a mercy for a people who believe.
65
Allah sendeth down water from the sky and therewith reviveth the earth after her death. Lo! herein is indeed a portent for a folk who hear.
66
And lo! in the cattle there is a lesson for you. We give you to drink of that which is in their bellies, from betwixt the refuse and the blood, pure milk palatable to the drinkers.
67
And of the fruits of the date-palm, and grapes, whence ye derive strong drink and (also) good nourishment. Lo! therein is indeed a portent for people who have sense.
68
And thy Lord inspired the bee, saying: Choose thou habitations in the hills and in the trees and in that which they thatch;
69
Then eat of all fruits, and follow the ways of thy Lord, made smooth (for thee). There cometh forth from their bellies a drink divers of hues, wherein is healing for mankind.  Lo! Allah is Knower, Powerful.
71
And Allah hath favoured some of you above others in provision. Now those who are more favoured will by no means hand over their provision to those (slaves) whom their right hands possess, so that they may be equal with them in respect thereof. Is it then the grace of Allah that they deny ?
72
And Allah hath given you wives of your own kind, and hath given you, from your wives, sons and grandsons, and hath made provision of good things for you. Is it then in vanity that they believe and in the grace of Allah that they disbelieve ?
73
And they worship beside Allah that which owneth no provision whatsoever for them from the heavens or the earth, nor have they (whom they worship) any power.
74
So coin not similitudes for Allah. Lo! Allah knoweth; ye know not.
75
Allah coineth a similitude: (on the one hand) a (mere) chattel slave, who hath control of nothing, and (on the other hand) one on whom we have bestowed a fair provision from Us, and he spendeth thereof secretly and openly. Are they equal ? Praise be to Allah! But most of them know not.
76
And Allah coineth a similitude: Two men, one of them dumb, having control of nothing, and he is a burden on his owner; whithersoever he directeth him to go, he bringeth no good. Is he equal with one who enjoineth justice and followeth a straight path (of conduct) ?
77
And unto Allah belongeth the Unseen of the heavens and the earth, and the matter of the Hour (of Doom) is but as a twinkling of the eye, or it is nearer still. Lo! Allah is Able to do all things.
78
And Allah brought you forth from the wombs of your mothers knowing nothing, and gave you hearing and sight and hearts that haply ye might give thanks.
79
Have they not seen the birds obedient in mid-air ? None holdeth them save Allah. Lo! herein, verily, are portents for a people who believe.
80
And Allah hath given you in your houses an abode, and hath given you (also), of the hides of cattle, houses which ye find light (to carry) on the day of migration and on the day of pitching camp; and of their wool and their fur and their hair, caparison and comfort for a while.
81
And Allah hath given you, of that which He hath created, shelter from the sun; and hath given you places of refuge in the mountains, and hath given you coats to ward off the heat from you, and coats (of armour) to save you from your own foolhardiness. Thus doth He perfect His favour unto you, in order that ye may surrender (unto Him).
82
Then, if they turn away, thy duty (O Muhammad) is but plain conveyance (of the message).
83
They know the favour of Allah and then deny it. Most of them are ingrates.
84
And (bethink you of) the day when we raise up of every nation a witness, then there is no leave for disbelievers, nor are they allowed to make amends.
85
And when those who did wrong behold the doom, it will not be made light for them, nor will they be reprieved.
86
And when those who ascribed partners to Allah behold those partners of theirs, they will say: Our Lord! these are our partners unto whom we used to cry instead of Thee.  And We reveal the Scripture unto thee as an exposition of all things, and a guidance and a mercy and good tidings for those who have surrendered (to Allah).
90
Lo! Allah enjoineth justice and kindness, and giving to kinsfolk, and forbiddeth lewdness and abomination and wickedness. He exhorteth you in order that ye may take heed.
91
Fulfil the covenant of Allah when ye have covenanted, and break not your oaths after the asseveration of them, and after ye have made Allah surety over you. Lo! Allah knoweth what ye do.
92
And be not like unto her who unravelleth the thread, after she hath made it strong, to thin filaments, making your oaths a deceit between you because of a nation being more numerous than (another) nation. Allah only trieth you thereby, and He verily will explain to you on the Day of Resurrection that wherein ye differed.
93
Had Allah willed He could have made you (all) one nation, but He sendeth whom He will astray and guideth whom He will, and ye will indeed be asked of what ye used to do.
94
Make not your oaths a deceit between you, lest a foot should slip after being firmly planted and ye should taste evil forasmuch as ye debarred (men) from the way of Allah, and yours should be an awful doom.
95
And purchase not a small gain at the price of Allah's covenant. Lo! that which Allah hath is better for you, if ye did but know.
96
That which ye have wasteth away, and that which Allah hath remaineth. And verily We shall pay those who are steadfast a recompense in proportion to the best of what they used to do.
97
Whosoever doeth right, whether male or female, and is a believer, him verily we shall quicken with good life, and We shall pay them a recompense in proportion to the best of what they used to do.
98
And when thou recitest the Qur'an, seek refuge in Allah from Satan the outcast.
99
Lo! he hath no power over those who believe and put trust in their Lord.
100
His power is only over those who make a friend of him, and those who ascribe partners unto Him (Allah).
101
And when We put a revelation in place of (another) revelation, - and Allah knoweth best what He revealeth - they say: Lo! thou art but inventing. Most of them know not.
102
Say: The holy Spirit hath delivered it from thy Lord with truth, that it may confirm (the faith of) those who believe, and as guidance and good tidings for those who have surrendered (to Allah).
103
And We know well that they say: Only a man teacheth him. The speech of him at whom they falsely hint is outlandish, and this is clear Arabic speech.
104
Lo! those who disbelieve the revelations of Allah, Allah guideth them not and theirs will be a painful doom.
105
Only they invent falsehood who believe not Allah's revelations, and (only) they are the liars.
106
Whoso disbelieveth in Allah after his belief - save him who is forced thereto and whose heart is still content with the Faith - but whoso findeth ease in disbelief: On them is wrath from Allah.  And such are the heedless.
109
Assuredly in the Hereafter they are the losers.
110
Then lo! thy Lord - for those who became fugitives after they had been persecuted, and then fought and were steadfast - lo! thy Lord afterward is (for them) indeed Forgiving, Merciful.
111
On the Day when every soul will come pleading for itself, and every soul will be repaid what it did, and they will not be wronged.
112
Allah coineth a similitude: a township that dwelt secure and well content, its provision coming to it in abundance from every side, but it disbelieved in Allah's favours, so Allah made it experience the garb of dearth and fear because of what they used to do.
113
And verily there had come unto them a messenger from among them, but they had denied him, and so the torment seized them while they were wrong-doers.
114
So eat of the lawful and good food which Allah hath provided for you, and thank the bounty of your Lord if it is Him ye serve.
115
He hath forbidden for you only carrion and blood and swineflesh and that which hath been immolated in the name of any other than Allah; but he who is driven thereto, neither craving nor transgressing, lo! then Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.
116
And speak not, concerning that which your own tongues qualify (as clean or unclean), the falsehood: "This is lawful, and this is forbidden," so that ye invent a lie against Allah. Lo! those who invent a lie against Allah will not succeed.
117
A brief enjoyment (will be theirs); and theirs a painful doom.
118
And unto those who are Jews We have forbidden that which We have already related unto thee. And We wronged them not, but they were wont to wrong themselves.
119
Then lo! thy Lord - for those who do evil in ignorance and afterward repent and amend - lo! (for them) thy Lord is afterward indeed Forgiving, Merciful.
120
Lo! Abraham was a nation obedient to Allah, by nature upright, and he was not of the idolaters;
121
Thankful for His bounties; He chose him and He guided him unto a straight path.
122
And We gave him good in the world, and in the Hereafter he is among the righteous.
123
And afterward We inspired thee (Muhammad, saying): Follow the religion of Abraham, as one by nature upright. He was not of the idolaters.
124
The Sabbath was appointed only for those who differed concerning it, and lo! thy Lord will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection concerning that wherein they used to differ.
125
Call unto the way of thy Lord with wisdom and fair exhortation, and reason with them in the better way. Lo! thy Lord is Best Aware of him who strayeth from His way, and He is Best Aware of those who go aright.
126
If ye punish, then punish with the like of that wherewith ye were afflicted. But if ye endure patiently, verily it is better for the patient.
127
Endure thou patiently (O Muhammad). Thine endurance is only by (the help of) Allah. Grieve not for them, and be not in distress because of that which they devise.
128
Lo! Allah is with those who keep their duty unto Him and those who are doers of good.
-- Sura 16 --


Almost a year ago we attended the blackest session in the history of the Spanish markets, where its selective reference, the IBEX35 , I got to drop 13% in a single session . That moment was key to start thinking about when to make purchases. If you were bought you should have put a STOP in the average of 200 and have left when it lost the 8,500. I, who had almost everything in a continuum value, never imagined that what happened with the coronavirus was going to affect all values, whether or not they had to do with travel or construction. It was more like energy but when a big hit comes, everything goes down. They would go down to the pharmaceutical companies that were later the star values of last year.
Many discarded the recovery in V, and now they jump that if in K and I do not know what more stories. What is clear is that the V has been in all markets, I already warned about it and said that we would see the 8000 next year and we saw them, in fact I said to collect the 8000 before the summer and then fall and it happened . As you can see in the last graphic of this link that I already published in April.
Then after correcting in July and reaching 7000 points, I expected it to break up as seen in these two July and August charts.
What I did not imagine is that after reaching the end of the triangulations due to how the coronavirus was in Spain, we would see the 6,400 again and in many values the minimum of March. Which did not happen in almost any other index in the world.
It was clear that things were not adjusting to the market and little by little things would change. If you had some liquidity it was time to put all the meat on the grill. TELEFONICA AT LESS THAN 3 EUROS, REPSOL AT 5 EUROS, SANTANDER AT 1.5 EUROS, BBVA AT 2 EUROS . These prices will never be seen again on these Spanish bluechips. Many said they were worth nothing, or that everything was bankrupt. But nothing could be further from the truth, very little volume was being traded down and everything that was sold was bought.
And the day came ...
Then a good November day would come and suddenly it would rise almost 9% in 1 hour, going up more than 1000 points, from 6700 to 7700 when crossing averages and leaving a pennant the day before. Some madman from some forum that was short would be stunned and if it were leveraged already with little chance of recovering. Even if it doubled its position right now at 8400 I highly doubt it has continued. And all this without still holding the elections in the USA.
Then Trump would lose by an overwhelming majority, losing in almost 10 states, just the result with which he won 4 years ago, losing by more than 7 million votes. And Europe celebrated it, and so much, raising the Eurostox to pre-covid levels. With the focus on the change of relationships that will take place in the future. The euro has been climbing to 3-year highs and right now we are in a tough spot on this index. Having already reached the 61.8 fibonacci retracement as I show in the following image. What should we do? .
Right now the most prudent thing is not to buy more. Save liquidity and in many values hold for a possible rise, in others disappear and wait for it below. The values where it should be maintained are those that have hardly appreciated, some banks that could rise if the IBEX reaches 8,800. Which I see as feasible in the face of the last rally in the USA, since annual results will be presented in January 2020 and quarterly and everything presages further increases. Securities such as renewables are better to sell with capital gains and wait since the benefits of many years are discounted in some cases.
In case it reaches 8,800 I expect a downward trickle and some fat drop in a healthy correction of the markets that could take us to 8,000 points at the most and 7,600 as a key objective. That is why as soon as 7900 touches it would be a good time to start making small purchases again. The next goal, which is this year is 10,000, and finally finish the V in Spain than in the USA and Germany has already been done, and in spades . I see this objective rather in October of this year, but let's see it before.
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Before the graphical user interface we are so accustomed to use in our computers existed, the way of interacting with a computer was to use the Command Line to command a program to do what you want it to do by writing your orders “in the form of successive lines of text” or… Command lines :)
Ok, I know what you are thinking:
Why on earth would I want to learn to use this obscure old school thing if I can just point and click stuff in my computer to open folder, files, move them around, save them, rename them or delet them?
Well, it turns out that the Command Line - formally known as Command Line Interface or Command Language Interpeter (CLI) - is more ubiquitous and present than ever if you work with information and software (that’s you): - It allows you to navigate within directories, folders and files in your computer. - It is a tool to analyze, clean and organize data. - A great way to add more power and speed to your research or reporting skills. - Its very efficient when you have to process text data and work with it. Specially if your data file is very big (talking about GBs here). - It is what you have to use to install and setup applications, run local servers, and many times the way to run code to make charts, maps and more. - Bottomline: Is efficient, useful, is text, it works with files you always use (.csv, .txt) and it’s free.
It may seem confusing at first but when you get the hang of it, it’s like you have superpowers in the tip of your fingers.
The tools of command line are Terminal in Linux and Mac; and Command Prompt or PowerShell, in Windows.
This tutorial will include the most basic commands, and, if you want a more complete and technical tutorial, access this tutorial, by David Baumgold. He called the command line “the ultimate seat of power on your computer”.
For this tutorial you will need:
The following commands are, basically, a way to get around your computer, create files, delete them and move them. You can do this things in the more friendly user interface of your operating system, but it is a good thing to know these basic commands here.
When you start the command line tool, you will generally be within the main user directory. To go to another directory (folder), you have to use the cd
command:
cd MyFolder/MuSubfolder/MuSubfolder2
To come back to the main directory, use just cd
.
To come back one step, for instance MuSubfolder2
to MuSubfolder
, type cd ..
.
To see what is within a foder, use the ls
command when you are inside the folder you want. You can also use a more structured command to see a better organized list:
ls -l ~/MyFolder
in Mac and Linux and dir
in Windows.
Once inside a directory, if you want to create another directory there, the basic command is mkdir
, or make directory, followed by the name you want to give this directory.
mkdir MyNewDirectory
To create more than one directory at once, just use space between the names of the folders you are creating.
To create a new file within a directory, use the touch
command, followed by the file name and extension.
touch ThisIsTextFile.txt
or touch ThisIsDataFile.csv
In Windows, use the copy con
command.
To copy a file you will need to use the cp
command in Mac and Linux and copy
in Windows, and then the directory you want to copy it to.
cp ~/Desktop/ThisIsTextFile.txt ~/Documents
or copy ThisIsTextFile.txt c:/Documents
To move a file or directory, you have to use the mv
command, followed by the directory you can send the object to.
`mv ~/Desktop/MyFile.rtf ~/Documents/MyDocFolder
To remove or delete files, use the rm
command. Be very careful to use this command, as all decisions are final - no second change in the trash bin.
rm MyFile.rtf
in Mac and Linux and del MyFile.rtf
in Windows.
To install some applications on your computer, you will need to use sudo
command in Mac and Linux, of the runas
command in Windows.
In a Mac or Linux, to install or update applications, you have to use the apt-get
command.
sudo apt-get install MySoftware
To update an existing application: sudo apt-get upgrade
When you want to clear your command line of all the messy code, use the clear
command, in Max or Linux, or cls
in Windows.
For the Windows reference and some other tricks, visit Master Ruby website. You can also dig deeper in the Code Academy course, if that is your thing.


THE PRINCE OF EGYPT A film review by Mark R. Leeper
Capsule: The story of the Hebrews' Exodus from Egypt is sacred to three major world religions. In the rapidly developing realm of the animated film this retelling from the Dreamworks gets vibrant new life and is seen with greater spectacle than DeMille could have ever dreamed. But like DeMille's version THE PRINCE OF EGYPT presumes to change the Bible story for dramatic effect. Rating: 7 (0 to 10), low +2 (-4 to +4) New York Critics: 11 positive, 1 negative, 9 mixed
Back in the 1950s and 1960s Biblical films were again a big business like they had not been since the days of silent film. Cecil B. DeMille opened the way with his remake of his own THE TEN COMMANDMENTS (1956). BEN HUR (1959) followed, and while not a story directly from the Bible itself, it did involve Biblical incidents. It was also a remake of a 1920s film. Eventually the times changed and the popularity of Biblical films died. The last major Biblical films released to theaters were KING DAVID (1985) and THE LAST TEMPTATION OF CHRIST (1988). There have been some made-for-TV experiments, since but THE PRINCE OF EGYPT from Dreamworks is the first major Biblical film released to theaters in a decade. In many ways it is THE TEN COMMANDMENTS for a new generation and it repeatedly invites comparison. Ironically the new version may create as much interest in the art and culture of ancient Egypt as it creates for the Bible.
THE PRINCE OF EGYPT begins with a statement that the story that follows is true to the essence and values of the original story. That may be true but the film is somewhat truer to the plot of THE TEN COMMANDMENTS than it is to any story told in the Bible. DeMille based his story on three novels about Moses as much as he did on the Bible. The Bible does not make the young Moses an important person in Pharaoh's household. In Exodus the story is told with terse economy. It merely says he was raised as the son of Pharaoh's daughter and later that a slave called him "a prince." And do not over-rate the value of being a prince of Egypt, there were dozens. Rameses the Great, who by the way is generally considered to be the Pharaoh with whom Moses bargained, had over 100 children. His father might well have had equally many and probably would have had little interest in the Hebrew child one of his many daughters had adopted. It makes for a better story to say that Moses nearly became a Pharaoh himself, but that is not what the Bible says.
The story of THE PRINCE OF EGYPT will be familiar to many in the audience, though somewhat more if they are familiar with the 1956 film than is they know the Bible story. The Israelites were slaves to a Pharaoh in Egypt who was afraid that even as slaves they were becoming too numerous and soon would become too powerful. Pharaoh decrees that all the male children of the Israelites are to be slain. This brings us to the opening of the film where Yocheved (voiced by Ofra Haza) sets her newborn son adrift on the Nile in a reed basket, weighing a great danger against a more certain death. The boy is adopted by Pharaoh's wife (not daughter as the Bible says) and becomes like a second son to the Pharaoh. In the most interesting variation on the DeMille version Rameses (Ralph Fiennes) loves Moses (Val Kilmer). Moses loves Rameses too until he finds that he, Moses, is really a Hebrew. So rather than being a one-dimensional villain, there is some depth to Rameses. Moses kills an Egyptian taskmaster and flees Egypt. While Rameses misses his friend, Moses is called on by God (also voiced by Val Kilmer) to return to Egypt and free his people, setting up the classic conflict.
In animation, virtually anything that the mind's eye can see can be put on the screen, and THE PRINCE OF EGYPT wastes no opportunity to outdo DeMille's spectacle. The Egyptian architecture as it appears here is positively titanic. The whole film seems to show architecture of the same scale that was used to cow the locals at Abu Simbel. Egyptian architecture is impressive, but here it is portrayed with a certain hyperbole. The buildings and statues as shown here are enormous and their size is frequently exaggerated with overhead views.
The style of Egyptian wall decoration is to show important figures as being larger than other figures in a scene. A variation on that is used by the Dreamworks animators. The most important characters are given a realistic three-dimensional look. Lessor characters are animated in a flatter style. That effect could have made the animation look wildly uneven. But the animators at Dreamworks make it all work quite well. In addition some of the important sequences look in part or all almost photographic. Some of the most effective scenes however are done entirely flat as the story of what led to the opening of the film is shown as animated wall decoration. This sequence rivals the parting of the Red Sea as the most imaginative in the film.
In the DeMille telling there is an emotional climax to the story and a visual climax. The visual climax is the parting of the Red Sea. Using the best visual methods available in the 1950s, DeMille used a patchwork of mattes of scenes of flowing water. The methods were imperfect and little more convincing than using two rounded cakes of Jell-O as DeMille did in the silent version. Computer animation gives a filmmaker much more freedom and also more responsibility to do something spectacular. And spectacular is what they manage. Where this version falls flat is mishandling of the emotional climax of the story. After the night of terror and death comes the morning of Freedom. DeMille managed to give it a tremendous impact that remains exciting even after many viewings.  THE PRINCE OF EGYPT understates the departure almost disastrously with the Hebrews just quietly picking up and moving out to the music of a song. Time will tell if I am wrong, but all the songs by Steven Schwartz seemed immediately forgettable.
As with ANTZ a host of familiar actors were used to voice parts. In this case Val Kilmer, Ralph Fiennes, Michelle Pfeiffer, Sandra Bullock, Jeff Goldblum, Danny Glover, Patrick Stewart, Helen Mirren, Steve Martin, and Martin Short. To my ear only Goldblum and Stewart have voices characteristic enough to pick out. Both Moses and God are voiced by Val Kilmer, so it was almost a mercy that I did not recognize his voice. In general animation does not require big stars to do the voices, and it almost seems wasteful.
THE PRINCE OF EGYPT tells the story of the Exodus for a new generation and does it in spectacular style. I give it a 7 on the 0 to 10 scale and a low +2 on the -4 to +4 scale.
Mark R. Leeper<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Copyright 1998 Mark R. Leeper
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Web Security has two main components, internal and public. Websites and networks are prone to security risks. Seems the webserver and site it hosts are the main source of vulnerability. The amount of information that passes back and forth from a public or internal server to individuals will determine the level of risk. Given that your network is a financial enterprise, your risk escalates dramatically. Usually, the fact that IT departments are understaffed and underfunded leaves hackers options to take advantage of. So if you have a site that sticks out in the public eye, it's almost certain that your web security will be tested. This is usually do to poorly written code that isn't often updated.
The type of websites that have a high rate of vulnerability are those that require customers or users to enter information in prompt boxes. Additionally, those that allow for many commands to be executed publicly leave options for hackers to insert their scripts. These sites usually are made up of SQL, MySQL and other database style programs. So a server that has few open ports, will generally have a low security risk.Fortunately, most "hackers" are considered copycats. That is, they aren't as savvy as they would like to be and use other pre-made code to execute their mischief. However, most of the time, some of the exploits are extremely difficult to detect. These are made by individuals or a group. And though it may sound easy for someone educated in programming, it usually takes hundreds of work hours to create something that will turn out an extreme danger.
The W3C is currently coming up with policies to achieve protocols that will standardize security systems. For example: "the WebCrypto group is defining an API to expose trusted cryptographic primitives from the browser.", "WebAppSec is developing the Content Security Policy and CSP Level 2; Cross-Origin Resource Sharing; UI Security; Subresource Integrity and Mixed Content Recommendations. This work aims to enable secure mash-ups, address click-jacking, and to create a more robust Web security environment through light-weight policy expression that meshes with HTML5's built-in security policies.", These were sections taken from the W3C website.Among all of this, there is also such a thing as "Pervasive Monitoring". This is what is also know as "evesdropping" by third party sites and other more centralized parties like governmental offices. The W3C, recently held a day and set its purpose to "Strengthening Web Security on The Day We Fight Back (11 Feb, 2014)" The ideas was to get members and communities to get active and help produce plans for better web security and privacy. The say, "We see pervasive monitoring as an attack on the Web and its users. The Web is for everyone. The W3C community builds Web protocols and formats to enable individuals and groups to communicate with those they are trying to reach, and to protect those communications from eavesdropping of third parties."
So the main thing that I learned about this is that the best way to prevent an interruption such as an attack on your system is simply to turn off your server when you're done with it. Interesting concept.


Classes and Constructor Functions
12/06/2015
Creating batches of objects
As you leave the world of object oriented programming with Ruby, and enter the world of functional programming with Javascript you may be wondering how do I create multiple instances of a object? The answer lies in the constructor function. Like classes constructor functions act as blueprint which endows each instance of a object with predefined behaviors and states. To create a constructor function you declare it using the function keyword, followed by the capitalized name of the function. You can then pass any properties that your objects will have via parameters. Inside of the function you assign each parameter to the offical property name prepended with the this keyword. Finally, you can add the methods each of your objects will have.
How to Create New Instances
Now that you have your blueprint, it's time to create a new object with it. In order to create this object you declare a variable name, and assign it to new keyword along with the name of the constructor function with any needed argruments. Behind the scenes the new keyword does the heavy lifting of creating a empty object. After the empty object is created the constructor function is called. Any arguments are then assigned as values to the properties defined in the function body, and methods are then added to the object. Finally, the object is returned and assigned to the variable name.
Differences Between Ruby Classes and Constructor Functions
So far constructor functions have parrelled classes pretty well. However, there are some differences between the two. One of them being that in Ruby you have to use the special class keyword to create a new class. However, there isn't a special keyword used in the creation of a constructor function. While you will often see constructor functions with the name capitialized that is a style convention which makes it easier to identify them in code. In actuality you could write a constructor function using standard function declaration or expression syntax.


--- layout: archive title: Zulip Chat Archive permalink: /stream/113488-general/topic/Category.20theory.20PR.html ---
Hi @Mario Carneiro, I didn’t understand your suggestion to use “functor.id
(protected)”. What is “protected”?
Worked it out.
Hm, I see that you renamed the identity functor to category.identity
and the identity natural transformation to functor.identity
. I assume you did that so that you can use projection notation, but I think it's more confusing than is worth it. What do the mathematicians here think?
Oh, I'm not at all attached to projection notation here: I'd guessed that was what you'd tell me to do!
As far as I'm concerned I would be happy with any of:
C.identity
, Functor.id C
, Functor.identity C
, or 1 : C ↝ C
.
(I know how to arrange for any of those, just want to know what is preferred.)
My order of preference would be 4,1,3,2
Johan, Would you prefer to see 1 X
or functor.id C X
in a goal printout talking about the identity functor applied to an object X
?
(this isn't a rhetorical question)
@Mario Carneiro, I'm confused why we would want to put protected
on the definition of the identity functor. What is the motivation there? It seems if we're going to hide that, we should also hide the lemmas about it.
@Mario Carneiro, seeing that comparison, I really dislike 1 X
!
because id
is already a global definition, and we don't want to interfere with that
How about functor.identity C
?
plus there are like 5 different id
s going around and I'd like to know which is which
No need to collide with the global id
or the category.id
... :-)
the name collision is deliberate though, it's a consistent naming scheme
In fact, I now really dislike the has_one
instances for both C ↝ C
and F ↝ F
, and want to remove both.
I'm surprised this bothers you given that we already have 𝟙 X
Okay... so functor.id C
, nat_trans.id F
, and the only use of the symbol 1 will be 𝟙 X
.
I'm okay with that
the protection is not needed for the theorems since they usually have more specific names that don't collide with core
they are still namespaced in functor
though so you will need to use the prefix unless you have opened it
Johan, Would you prefer to see
1 X
orfunctor.id C X
in a goal printout talking about the identity functor applied to an objectX
?
I think I would prefer something like that id_ C
or 1_ C
.
How about using local notations for that?
That might work.
You probably don't need the C
most of the time either
Yes, but it might help to remind you of which cat you're working with.
Well if it shows up as 1_ X
then it's inferrable from context
I might think that is the identity morphism of X
that's the completely different 𝟙 X
:P
Yeah, I think we want to make expressions that look even vaguely like 1 X
unambiguous
and my preference is that the only similar looking expressions are 𝟙 X
, the identity morphism on X
.
If only there was a triple struck 1
I keep being reminded of equiv.refl
as the only notation for the identity equiv
Hmm, I prefer 𝟙 C
If we have 𝟙 X
already.
I think that will be a thing too
After all, it is the identity morphism on C
in Cat
.
Aah, and they will be defeq, but we can't have only one definition?
Yeah... that's a bit of a sore point. Cat
is of course a 2-category, and thinking of it as a 1-category by just ignoring the top level invites trouble.
so that means 𝟙 C
is not (or will be) defeq to functor.id C
?
or does 𝟙 C
just not typecheck?
At present it just doesn't typecheck
Let me investigate this point for a few minutes.
Arranging for 𝟙 C
to typecheck may not be impossible, but it will take quite a bit of work which hasn't otherwise been necessary, so I'd like to kick that back to some TODO list. :-)
Sure, I'm completely fine with that (-;
For now you just write functor.id C
when you want the identity functor.
Sounds like we might want has_id
notation.
And then all sorts of things can be instances of has_id
, and you can write a doublestroke 1 in front of them.
and what would the type of generic.id
be?
What's that?
if you have a typeclass, you have to decide in advance what the type of the thing is
You are talking with a "cargo cult Leaner"
So, you mean the type of has_id
?
well, has_id
will be a class that contains an identity operation, and that identity operation will have some type
Aah, I see.
Yeah... depends...
And it depends a bit too much to be a dependent type.
I suspect this will be a sticking point in any such plans
category theory just has too much overloading here to make sense of it
Congratulations to Scott for his perseverance in improving this PR for mathlib and even going back to change his library, which could not have been an easy task.
Phew... I think I've rewritten everything about 4 times now. It does keep getting less bad as a result, whatever that signifies. :-)
now that we've got the basic definitions, how about the less basic ones? :D
Don't worry, there's a category_theory_2
branch ready to turn into a PR. :-)
I'm just having to google how rebasing works!
okay... rebasing is still confusing me, but there's a second PR now!
Cool! Awesome! Congratulations!
Oh the first PR has been merged! Fabulous!
Hi @Reid Barton sometime soon we should do some coordination to combine the category theory development you've been doing in your homotopy theory repo with mine.
This should definitely be one of our small groups in Orsay (although you can start online of course).
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My volunteering activity is mostly based in Moldova, Republic of. Computer Science is a poorly developed area, but school kids are very interested by this subject. What happens when you combine a person with some international experience in Computer Science and smart kids? We shall see.
It’s been 4 years since I work with smart kids, teaching them how to program a computer. So far, it has been the greatest experience of my life. I know there is a great potential for bright kids in my country. Together we can have fun and learn interesting things that can make an impact.
While I was in High School I got my first job at Cult of Coders. The next year, I was selected to be a trainer for University Computer Science students and I was teaching basics of MongoDb, Javascript and Meteor.


Status of Jasper
The goal of this document is to keep everyone informed of the major developments
happening with Jasper.
$Id: status.html,v 1.6 2000/10/17 23:00:10 pierred Exp $
Current Status
Trying to bootstrap the work required to bring Jasper in compliance
with the new JSP 1.2 spec (according to the guidelines proposed by Craig
in a previous posting).
Interested developers, please have a look at the TODO document, provide feedback.... and volunteer!.
History
- 2000/10/17
First commit of changes to support the following JSP1.2 addition
to the API:
New IterationTag interface to support iteration without BodyContent
Summary of Changes.
- 2000/10/10
First commit of changes to support the following JSP1.2 addition
to the API:
jsp:include can now indicate flush="false"
Summary of Changes.
- 2000/09/26
First commit of changes to support the following JSP1.2 addition
to the API:
PropertyEditor.setAsText() can now be used to convert from a literal string attribute value.
Summary of Changes.
- 2000/09/18
First commit of changes to support the following JSP1.2 additions
to the API:
- Made the XML view of a JSP page available for input, and for validation
- New ValidatorClass and JspPage classes for validation against tag libraries.
There is still more work to do, as well as many fixes to come,
but at least the basis is now there for anyone interested
in trying it out as well as collaborating to the code. Summary of Changes.
- 2000/08/30
In an effort to bootstrap the work required to bring Jasper in compliance
with the new JSP 1.2 spec (according to the guidelines proposed by Craig
in a previous posting), new developer documentation was committed to the
workspace to help us all be in sync with the current efforts, and what
needs to be done. Check the README.
- 2000/08/25
One of the goals of the new architecture of Jasper is to be independent of the servlet engine. This is why jasper now stands in its own directory in tomcat-4.0. It currently works with Catalina, with only a few dependencies, which we will work on removing. Please check the document Jasper as an Independent Component for the story.


Grand child overriding template section to have no header image and a new property: GRAND CHILD
Section introduced before child content.
Child overriding the parent content section.
Grand child overriding child introduced section.
Contact us


In the Rendezvous domain in Ptolemy II, each actor executes in its own thread of control, and communication between actors is by rendezvous. If an actor is ready to send a message, it blocks until the receiving actor is ready to receive it. Similarly if an actor is ready to receive a message, it blocks until the sending actor is ready to send it.
This domain supports both conditional and multi-way rendezvous. In conditional rendezvous, an actor is willing to rendezvous with any one of several other actors. In multiway rendezvous, an actor requires rendezvous with multiple other actors at the same time. When using conditional rendezvous, the choice of which rendezvous occurs is nondeterministic, in general.
The model of computation is based on the CSP model
first proposed by Hoare[1] in 1978. Rendezvous-based communication
is also known as synchronous message passing, but we avoid this
term to avoid confusion with the SR (synchronous/reactive) domain.
References:


This is one of my early designs. I began graphic design several years ago because of my interest in youtube and its many communities. I began noticing the custom art users were receiving for their channels. Designers were flocking to YouTube and social media sites to build branding for popular users. Soar Sniping was an extremely popular YouTube channel so I decided to build a mock up for their channel just to practice some new designs. This banner would be at the top of their channel page and would link to their social media and sponsors.


nips nips2010 nips2010-10 nips2010-10-reference knowledge-graph by maker-knowledge-mining
Source: pdf
Author: Nicholas Fisher, Arunava Banerjee
Abstract: From a functional viewpoint, a spiking neuron is a device that transforms input spike trains on its various synapses into an output spike train on its axon. We demonstrate in this paper that the function mapping underlying the device can be tractably learned based on input and output spike train data alone. We begin by posing the problem in a classiﬁcation based framework. We then derive a novel kernel for an SRM0 model that is based on PSP and AHP like functions. With the kernel we demonstrate how the learning problem can be posed as a Quadratic Program. Experimental results demonstrate the strength of our approach. 1
[1] R. Jolivet, A. Roth, F. Sch¨ rmann, W. Gerstner, and W. Senn. Special issue on quantitative u neuron modeling. Biological Cybernetics, 99(4):237–239, 2008.
[2] W. Gerstner and R. Naud. How Good Are Neuron Models? Science, 326(5951):379–380, 2009.
[3] W. Gerstner and W. Kistler. Spiking Neuron Models: An Introduction. Cambridge University Press New York, NY, USA, 2002.
[4] R. Jolivet, T.J. Lewis, and W. Gerstner. The spike response model: a framework to predict neuronal spike trains. Artiﬁcial Neural Networks and Neural Information Processing– ICANN/ICONIP 2003, pages 173–173, 2003.
[5] L. Paninski, J.W. Pillow, and E.P. Simoncelli. Maximum likelihood estimation of a stochastic integrate-and-ﬁre neural encoding model. Neural Computation, 16(12):2533–2561, 2004.
[6] R. Jolivet, T.J. Lewis, and W. Gerstner. Generalized integrate-and-ﬁre models of neuronal activity approximate spike trains of a detailed model to a high degree of accuracy. Journal of Neurophysiology, 92(2):959–976, 2004.
[7] A. Banerjee. On the phase-space dynamics of systems of spiking neurons. I: Model and experiments. Neural Computation, 13(1):161–193, 2001.
[8] Tadeusz Stanisz. Functions with separated variables. Master’s thesis, Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwerstyetu Jagiellonskiego, 1969.
[9] R.J. MacGregor and E.R. Lewis. Neural Modeling. Plenum Press, New York, 1977.
[10] G. Kimeldorf and G. Wahba. Some results on Tchebychefﬁan spline functions. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 33(1):82–95, 1971.
[11] T. Joachims. Making large-scale support vector machine learning practical. In Advances in Kernel Methods, pages 169–184. MIT Press, 1999.
[12] E.M. Izhikevich. Simple model of spiking neurons. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, 14(6):1569–1572, 2003. 9


<ant:jar destfile="${basedir}/target/openejb-cmp2-petstore.jar"> <fileset dir="${basedir}/target/classes"> <include name="**/cmp2/petstore/*.class"/> <include name="**/TestFailureException.class"/> </fileset> <metainf dir="${basedir}/src/cmp2/petstore" includes="*.xml"/> </ant:jar> <deploy:distribute uri="deployer:geronimo:jmx:rmi://localhost/jndi/rmi:/JMXConnector" username="system" password="manager" module="${basedir}/target/openejb-cmp2-petstore.jar" /> <deploy:start uri="deployer:geronimo:jmx:rmi://localhost/jndi/rmi:/JMXConnector" username="system" password="manager" id="org/openejb/cmp2/petstore"/>
Creating itests
OpenEJB itests
The OpenEJB itests module is a framework to create EJB test cases that are designed according to the JUnit rules, i.e. they all have setUp, tests and tearDown methods. Since it’s JUnit-based, you can do whatever you could do in JUnit.
This page describes the steps to create EJB test cases.
How itests work
The itests module lives in OpenEJB’s repository in the modules\itests directory. Setting up the test environment to execute the itests is based on (maven-itest-plugin-1.0 plugin ).
Take a look at maven.xml in modules\itests directory. There you’ll see that the default goal is ejb:install, which in turn executes itest. When the EJBs (todo: describe it a bit more) are done, the itest:setup goal is executed, which starts the real game. First, org/openejb/Security configuration is started. Once it’s done, openejb-itests-xxx.jar is deployed, which is org/openejb/Itests configuration to be started, afterwards. When the configurations are deployed and started, the maven-itest-plugin executes junit (see Ant JUnit task documentation and project.properties of the itests module). The project.properties file configures which itests are run and some other stuff.
The first itest test case is org.openejb.test.entity.cmp.CmpTestSuite. Consult this for more information. Then the others defined in maven.itest.includes property are executed.
The order in which the itests are executed is important, so the first order is set up via the maven.itest.includes property, then the test suites add their tests in some order, and finally the method names in the test classes put yet another order. So, be careful what name your test method name will become. It may influence the order.
Some EJBs access database resources. It’s even more important for CMPs. The itests module uses the database as defined in the openejb.test.database property. It’s currently defined in the project.properties file of the module. You can change its value to whatever you wish using the Maven property setting approaches (-D on the command line, project.properties, build.properties in your home directory or the project you work in).
So, the last important information is how the junit tests access the server resources - EJBs. It’s done via executing session beans that in turn get at the test EJBs, mostly CMPs. It’s also possible that the CMP itests will be accessed directly without having to pass on the call through a session bean.
If itests are part of a larger project structure you can disable executing it using the maven.itest.skip property. Set it to true and Maven won’t run the itests.
Simple CMP 2.1 itest
Database setup
The itests default database is Derby. The class - org.openejb.test.DerbyTestDatabase - is instantiated upon executing org.openejb.testTestManager.getDatabase() in each test case’s setUp() method. Remember, you can define any other database using the openejb.test.database property or do initialization of your own database choice in the setUp() method.
The current implementation of database initialization is based on two DerbyTestDatabse methods: createCMP2Model() and dropCMP2Model() that create and drop database structure, accordingly.
CMP 2.1 deployment
{info:title=Information} Unless specified, all directories are relative to modules/itests directory and commands are executed in it. {info}
A Maven project can produce one build artefact. It’s very important to keep in mind whenever your tests are to be based on a EJB that’s not built by default. The default EJBs are defined in modules/itests/src/ejb/META-INF/ejb-jar.xml. The corresponding deployment plan - the openejb-jar.xml file is in modules/itests/src/ejb/META-INF/openejb-jar.xml.
If you want to test your own EJB, you need to build it yourself, i.e. describe the build and deployment in modules/itests/maven.xml in the pregoal of itest:setup.
In the following example, Ant’s jar builds openejb-cmp2-petstore.jar file, which in turn is distributed and started in Geronimo. The id attribute of deploy:start is as specified in the module’s deployment plan. See Geronimo Deployment for more information about Geronimo deployment plans.
Execution
When EJB classes, deployment descriptor and plan, maven.xml are all set up, it’s time to execute your tests. In order to run itests you will run Maven in modules/itests directory.
~/openejb/modules/itests $ maven
It’s also possible to override project properties and run only some test cases.
~/openejb/modules/itests $ maven -Dmaven.itest.includes=**/Cmp2TestSuite.java
When a failure occurs, you should take a look at the result file of the failed test suite in target/itest-reports, e.g.
~/openejb/modules/itests $ maven -Dmaven.itest.includes=**/Cmp2TestSuite.java -o ... [junit] Tests run: 113, Failures: 1, Errors: 0, Time elapsed: 22,132 sec [junit] [ERROR] TEST org.openejb.test.entity.cmp2.Cmp2TestSuite FAILED ... BUILD FAILED File...... C:\Documents and Settings\root\.maven\cache\maven-itest-plugin-1.0\plugin.jelly Element... fail Line...... 166 Column.... 64 There were test failures. Total time: 2 minutes 3 seconds Finished at: Sun Jul 17 17:48:36 CEST 2005 $ more target/itest-reports/TEST-org.openejb.test.entity.cmp2.Cmp2TestSuite.txt Testsuite: org.openejb.test.entity.cmp2.Cmp2TestSuite Tests run: 113, Failures: 1, Errors: 0, Time elapsed: 22,132 sec Testcase: PetstoreTests.create: FAILED Received Exception class java.lang.NullPointerException : null junit.framework.AssertionFailedError: Received Exception class java.lang.NullPointerException : null at org.openejb.test.entity.cmp2.PetstoreTests.test01_create(PetstoreTests.java:84) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at org.openejb.test.NumberedTestCase.runTestMethod(NumberedTestCase.java:195) at org.openejb.test.NumberedTestCase$3.protect(NumberedTestCase.java:169) at org.openejb.test.NumberedTestCase.run(NumberedTestCase.java:172) at org.openejb.test.NumberedTestCase.run(NumberedTestCase.java:141) at org.openejb.test.TestSuite.run(TestSuite.java:71) ...
Complete execution log is in target/openejb/var/log/openejb.log of the itests module.
Running the Tests in Eclipse.
The steps for running the iTests inside of Eclipse are given below. They are
1) For Local Interface Tests, the class to be run is org.apache.openejb.iTest. 2) For Remote Interface Tests, the class to be run is org.apache.openejb.RemoteiTest.
In both the cases you need to give '-Dopenejb.home=target/test-classes/' as a vm argument for the tests to run.


The 16-Inch MacBook Pro Provides Plenty of Reasons to go Back to Mac
by Charlotte HenryThe new 16-inch MacBook Pro has certainly generated a lot of excitement. Cult of Mac‘s Charlie Sorrell said the device will be the first new Mac he has bought in six years.
The thing that really makes me want a new Mac right now is that macOS and iOS are now very tightly integrated. Handoff means you really can switch between devices at will, even when working on the same article. And Sidecar means that I can use touch, and the Apple Pencil, on Mac apps like Ableton Live and Logic. And all the while, I can enjoy the superior customization options of the Mac. It’s a win-win. Albeit a really expensive one. If I wasn’t in a hurry to move (partially) back to the Mac, I’d wait for the MacBook Air to get its keyboard replaced, or for the first ARM Mac to appear. As it is, I’m happy buying the 16-inch MacBook Pro.
Check It Out: The 16-Inch MacBook Pro Provides Plenty of Reasons to go Back to Mac


Pure Motion
14-04-27
This is one of my favorite websites, because I love movies - a bit biased. However, I do think that it is well laid out. I like that categories are as a list on the top toolbar, as well as visually down the page.
My eye is immediately drawn to the "Movie Icons." and then the category breakdown. From a greater distance, my eye is drawn to the red bar at the top. There is substantial information here, however the "Movie Icons" are very important.
This website is clean, clear, organized, attractive, and simple.
This site helps me pick some entertainment for the evening. It carries Gendres, "Movie Icons", and descriptions.
This site is very practical, fun, pleasing, orderly, and clear. They are very similar.
Searching for information is very easy and this has been accomplished through the layout of the page.
It is quite easy to browse through the content. It would be nice to see all of the movies available.
The site has enough to look over that I am always moving forward. However, sometimes I realize the quality of movies on average and end up feeling like I am wasting my time.
It requires a monthly fee to view movies.
I really like how the information is sequential. I also like that you can click a button and go to an internal text-editor where you can experiment.
My eye is most drawn to the sidebar and the color picker. Standing back, my eye is drawn to the companies Logo. This does not help me use their site, however this is important for them to be able to brand and run a business. This might ultimately help the user.
This website is clean, organized, simple, elegant, and straight forward.
The site helps people learn specific coding skills. It has tons of content regarding coding in various languages.
This site is very practical, simple, straight forward, useful, and clean. They are much the same.
Searching for information is quite easy. The site almost leads you on.
It is very easy to browse through the content, due to the very nice linear layout.
The site is not visually entertaining, however, the content is so well organized that this is not a factor for me.
The site sells Web Certifications. I have not purchased any of these.
I like the layout for the mail, however it was also the first email service that I had - comfort. I picked this site because I am impressed by effectiveness of their front-page. I am almost always in a hurry to get work done, but when I go to log onto my email and the front-page pops up with all of the news articles, sports, celebrities, etc, I find myself hooked and clicking on one of the articles before I know it (For me to be drawn off task requires quite a bit.)
My eye is draw to the photo in the upper middle of the page. Standing back, my eye is drawn to the little symbol to click on to check my mail.
This site is visually attractive, clean, engaging, simple, packed.
This site is the gateway to my email. It contains all of the information just mentioned and more.
This site is very straight forward, easy to use, intuitive, engaging, and clean.
It is very easy. All of the information is well labeled and well positioned.
As a result of it clean and simple structure, the totality of the content is easy to take in.
After looking at a few articles and photos, I normally realize that I need to get to work and was not successful this morning at simply clicking straight through to my emails.
The site does not appear to directly sell anything. However, there are links to sites that do. I have not purchased any of these.


Getting started with deck.js:
simplemath extension
use right arrow to move on
“simplemath”: What?
- Add math equations in your slides
- Use latex syntax
- Just wrap your maths in a "span" element
- Wants to learn latex syntax?
- … examples on the next slide
“simplemath” in action
-
e=mc^2
(\frac{x^2}{y^3})
[\begin{array}{cc} \sqrt{x} & 2 \\ 3 & x^4 \end{array}]
-
f(n) = \left\{
\begin{array}{l l}
n/2 & \mbox{if } n \mbox{ is even}\\
-(n+1)/2 & \mbox{if } n \mbox{ is odd}
\end{array}
- a^2 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2 + b^{\infty}}}}}}}
Principle
- Written in Javascript
- Interprets latex syntax
- Generates MathML (web standard for maths)
- Lets your browser render the MathML
- Works fully offline
- − depends on browser support for MathML
- + works offline :)
/


T
- the required bean typepublic interface Instance<T> extends java.lang.Iterable<T>, Provider<T>
Allows the application to dynamically obtain instances of beans with a specified combination of required type and qualifiers.
In certain situations, injection is not the most convenient way to obtain a contextual reference. For example, it may not be used when:
In these situations, an instance of the Instance
may be injected:
@Inject Instance<PaymentProcessor> paymentProcessor;
Any combination of qualifiers may be specified at the injection point:
@Inject @PayBy(CHEQUE) Instance<PaymentProcessor> chequePaymentProcessor;
Or, the @Any
qualifier may be used, allowing the application to specify qualifiers
dynamically:
@Inject @Any Instance<PaymentProcessor> anyPaymentProcessor;
For an injected Instance
:
The inherited Provider.get()
method returns a contextual references for the unique bean that matches the
required type and required qualifiers and is eligible for injection into the class into which the parent Instance
was injected, or throws an UnsatisfiedResolutionException
or
AmbiguousResolutionException
.
PaymentProcessor pp = chequePaymentProcessor.get();
The inherited Iterable.iterator()
method returns an iterator over contextual references for beans that
match the required type and required qualifiers and are eligible for injection into the class into which the parent
Instance
was injected.
for (PaymentProcessor pp : anyPaymentProcessor) pp.test();
Provider.get()
,
Iterable.iterator()
,
AnnotationLiteral
,
TypeLiteral
| Modifier and Type | Interface and Description |
|---|---|
static interface |
Instance.Handle<T>
This interface represents a contextual reference handle.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
void |
destroy(T instance)
When called, the container destroys the instance if the active context object for the scope type of the bean supports
destroying bean instances.
|
Instance.Handle<T> |
getHandle()
Obtains an initialized contextual reference handle for a bean that has the required type and qualifiers and is
eligible for injection.
|
java.lang.Iterable<? extends Instance.Handle<T>> |
handles()
Allows iterating over contextual reference handles for all beans that have the required type and required qualifiers and are eligible
for injection.
|
default java.util.stream.Stream<? extends Instance.Handle<T>> |
handlesStream()
Returns stream of
Instance.Handle objects. |
boolean |
isAmbiguous()
Determines if there is more than one bean that matches the required type and qualifiers and is eligible for injection
into the class into which the parent
Instance was injected. |
default boolean |
isResolvable()
Determines if there is exactly one bean that matches the required type and qualifiers and is eligible for injection
into the class into which the parent
Instance was injected. |
boolean |
isUnsatisfied()
Determines if there is no bean that matches the required type and qualifiers and is eligible for injection into the class
into which the parent
Instance was injected. |
Instance<T> |
select(java.lang.annotation.Annotation... qualifiers)
Obtains a child
Instance for the given additional required qualifiers. |
<U extends T> |
select(java.lang.Class<U> subtype,
java.lang.annotation.Annotation... qualifiers)
Obtains a child
Instance for the given required type and additional required qualifiers. |
<U extends T> |
select(TypeLiteral<U> subtype,
java.lang.annotation.Annotation... qualifiers)
Obtains a child
Instance for the given required type and additional required qualifiers. |
default java.util.stream.Stream<T> |
stream()
When called, provides back a Stream of the beans available in this Instance.
|
Instance<T> select(java.lang.annotation.Annotation... qualifiers)
Obtains a child Instance
for the given additional required qualifiers.
qualifiers
- the additional required qualifiersInstance
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
- if passed two instances of the same non repeating qualifier type, or an instance of an annotation that
is not a qualifier typejava.lang.IllegalStateException
- if the container is already shutdown<U extends T> Instance<U> select(java.lang.Class<U> subtype, java.lang.annotation.Annotation... qualifiers)
Obtains a child Instance
for the given required type and additional required qualifiers.
U
- the required typesubtype
- a Class
representing the required typequalifiers
- the additional required qualifiersInstance
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
- if passed two instances of the same non repeating qualifier type, or an instance of an annotation that
is not a qualifier typejava.lang.IllegalStateException
- if the container is already shutdown<U extends T> Instance<U> select(TypeLiteral<U> subtype, java.lang.annotation.Annotation... qualifiers)
Obtains a child Instance
for the given required type and additional required qualifiers.
U
- the required typesubtype
- a TypeLiteral
representing the required typequalifiers
- the additional required qualifiersInstance
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
- if passed two instances of the same non repeating qualifier type, or an instance of an annotation that
is not a qualifier typejava.lang.IllegalStateException
- if the container is already shutdowndefault java.util.stream.Stream<T> stream()
When called, provides back a Stream of the beans available in this Instance. If no beans are found, it returns an empty stream.
Stream
representing the beans associated with this Instance
objectboolean isUnsatisfied()
Determines if there is no bean that matches the required type and qualifiers and is eligible for injection into the class
into which the parent Instance
was injected.
true
if there is no bean that matches the required type and qualifiers and is eligible for injection
into the class into which the parent Instance
was injected, or false
otherwise.boolean isAmbiguous()
Determines if there is more than one bean that matches the required type and qualifiers and is eligible for injection
into the class into which the parent Instance
was injected.
true
if there is more than one bean that matches the required type and qualifiers and is eligible for
injection into the class into which the parent Instance
was injected, or false
otherwise.default boolean isResolvable()
Determines if there is exactly one bean that matches the required type and qualifiers and is eligible for injection
into the class into which the parent Instance
was injected.
true
if there is exactly one bean that matches the required type and qualifiers and is eligible for
injection into the class into which the parent Instance
was injected, or false
otherwise.void destroy(T instance)
When called, the container destroys the instance if the active context object for the scope type of the bean supports destroying bean instances. All normal scoped built-in contexts support destroying bean instances.
The instance passed should either be a dependent scoped bean instance obtained from the same Instance
object, or
the client proxy for a normal scoped bean instance.
instance
- the instance to destroyjava.lang.UnsupportedOperationException
- if the active context object for the scope type of the bean does not support
destroying bean instancesInstance.Handle<T> getHandle()
The contextual reference is obtained lazily, i.e. when first needed.
Instance.Handle
instnaceUnsatisfiedResolutionException
- if there is no bean with given type and qualifiersAmbiguousResolutionException
- if there is more than one bean given type and qualifiersjava.lang.Iterable<? extends Instance.Handle<T>> handles()
Note that the returned Iterable
is stateless. Therefore, each Iterable.iterator()
produces a new set of handles.
default java.util.stream.Stream<? extends Instance.Handle<T>> handlesStream()
Instance.Handle
objects.


--- layout: post status: publish published: true title: "仙剑4!?" author: Leask author_login: leask author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>author_url: https://leaskh.com wordpress_id: 383 wordpress_url: http://leaskh.wordpress.com/2006/12/31/%e4%bb%99%e5%89%914 date: '2006-12-31 17:33:29 +0800' date_gmt: '2006-12-31 17:33:29 +0800' categories: - Entertainment tags: [] comments: [] ---


Any platform. Protocol Independent. Runs on Devices, Gateways or Cloud. Home or Industry.
When similar hardware devices are translated to the same schema, Apps, Cloud rule engines and Voice assistants can target common schemas to provide consistent and delightful experiences.
How do you turn on a Light? Do you need a different user experience for different manufacturers or when different Lights or Sensors use different protocols?
What is a Thermostat? What is a Light-Switch? What is the minimum set of methods and properties shared by all Light-Switches? There are many competing industry answers today
Common schemas describe the capabilities of similar devices, across protocols
Translators translate between common schemas and capabilities of actual Things


Goal
- Want to focus on Research
- Automate what can be automated
- Build: Different Platforms x Different Compilers x …
- Tests
- Dynamic Analysis
- Coding Style
- Code Coverage
- Documentation
- Binaries
Goal
- Want to focus on Research
- Automate what can be automated
- Continuous Integration: Do it as frequently as possible
Goal
- Want to focus on Research
- Automate what can be automated
- Continuous Integration: Do it as frequently as possible
- Minimal responsibility: $0, no server to maintain
Big Picture


I bet you're still using Bootstrap too...
Ethical taiyaki vexillologist YOLO, shaman before they sold out small batch. Meditation vaporware tbh pug roof party raclette cardigan mumblecore everyday carry hexagon chia hoodie knausgaard.
Taiyaki flannel typewriter af lo-fi, snackwave 3 wolf moon twee heirloom pabst master cleanse meh health goth knausgaard artisan.
Air plant trust fund master cleanse, activated charcoal marfa offal craft beer pop-up flexitarian biodiesel meditation listicle food truck.


|
Class Summary |
| AbstType |
The super class of the LabelType and StringType. |
| DisplayNames |
The reserved words for the attribute `displayName' |
| ExpTag |
This class represents the tag `exp'. |
| FunctionTag |
This class represents the tag `function' |
| GraphTag |
This class represents the tag `graph' |
| InfoTag |
This class represents the tag `info'. |
| LabelType |
This class represents the type `labelType'. |
| ModuleTag |
This class represents the tag `module' |
| NodeTag |
This class represents the tag `node'. |
| SnapShot |
Generate the XML file related to the intermediate representation in
COINS Compiler Infrastructure. |
| StatementTag |
This class represents the tag `statement' |
| StatementType |
This class represents the type `statementType'. |
| StringType |
This class represents the type `stringType'. |
| TagName |
The reserved name for XML file. |
| Util |
Utility |


A compilation of various Python-Markdown extensions that (mostly) imitates PHP Markdown Extra.
The supported extensions include:
See each individual extension for syntax documentation. Extra and all its supported extensions are included in the standard Markdown library.
From the Python interpreter:
>>> import markdown
>>> html = markdown.markdown(text, ['extra'])
In the unlikely event that one or more of the supported extensions are not available for import, Markdown will simply continue without that extension. If you would like to be notified of such failures, you may set Python-Markdown's logger level to "WARN".
There may be additional extensions that are distributed with
Python-Markdown that are not included here in Extra. The features
of those extensions are not part of PHP Markdown Extra, and
therefore, not part of Python-Markdown Extra. If you really would
like Extra to include additional extensions, we suggest creating
your own clone of Extra under a different name
(see the Extension API).


Git init
Git init is the act of registering this current code base.
Git add
Git add is how we stage the integration of our current code base into our current list of snapshots.
Git status
Git status allows us to see the changes we are going to make.
Git commit
Git commit; finally we can commit those changes we added to our last snapshot giving us a new snapshot of our code with whatever new changes were made.
Git remote add
Git remote add is used to set up an online repository where we can place all of our current code. This is where the outside world can see our code base.
Git push
Git push is how we get our code to GitHub, an excellent place to store all of our repositories. Other developers might look at our existing projects to see how we approached problems, pull down our code and add new features or even update our code base with features


genetics
This module contains various genetic definitions and mappings used throughout pyvolve.
genetics.
Genetics
Molecular alphabet objects.
Set up internally-used genetic code lists.
newick
model
partition
state_freqs
matrix_builder
evolver
Enter search terms or a module, class or function name.


Timeline:
- June 2009 -
Completed High School
- June 2011 -
Completed Senior School
- August 2011 -
Got admitted to Takshshila Institute of Engineering and Technology
for Bachelors of Engineering program in the field of Computer Science
- December 2012 -
Got associated with Microsoft as Microsoft Student Partner
- February 2013 -
Published technical papers on Windows 8 and Software Testing in
International Journal for Engineering Technology and Management Research
- October 2013 -
Attended Microsoft Summit at Tula's Institute of Technology;
Appeared in Bloomberg Aptitude Test
- September 2014 -
Appeared in Graduate Record Examination and Test Of English as Foreign
Language
- December 2014 -
Published technical paper on Simplified Approach Towards Data Encryption Standard in
International Journal for Engineering and Computer Science
- February 2015 -
Got admit from Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, N.J., USA
- June 2015 -
Successfully completed Bachelor of Engineering in Computer
Science
- September 2015 - December 2016 -
Attended post-graduate program for Master of Science
in the field of Computer Science
Scorecard:
High School - 59.6
Senior School - 74.6
Bachelor of Engineering - 6.99/10.00
Bloomberg Aptitude Test - 380
Graduate Record Examination - 287
Test of English as Foreign Language - 84
Master of Science - 3.67/4.00


D ☙ L
Me
Portfolio
Contacts
Resume
About Me
Portfolio
Contacts
(909)-217-0633
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>linkedin/dorisliu
facebook/dorisliu
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menu
FULL STRUCTURE/INTERIOR
Wedding Mansion
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FULLSCREEN
Wedding Mansion
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Date: Mar 2018
Software: Minecraft Creative Mode
Description: Fusion between a mansion and a wedding chapel
❮
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Modern Hotel
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Modern Hotel
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Date: May 2018
Software: Minecraft Creative Mode
Description: Modern open tiered hotel concept
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EXPERIMENTAL
Future Home (In Progress)
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FULLSCREEN
Future Home
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Date: Sept 2018
Software: Minecraft Creative Mode
Description: Integration of nature and man-made structure, a home built into the mountains
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UC San Diego (In Progress)
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UC San Diego
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Date: Sept 2018
Software: Minecraft Creative Mode
Description: Model of University of California, San Diego campus
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INTERIOR ONLY
Tiny Home 1
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FULLSCREEN
Tiny Home 1
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Date: Aug 2018
Software: HomeByMe.com
Description: Challenged myself to a minimalist design, scaled down a regular home
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Tiny Home 2
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Tiny Home 2
close
Date: Nov 2017
Software: HomeByMe.com
Description: Classic Tiny Home B/W
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FLOORPLANS/SITEPLANS
Vacation Cabin
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FULLSCREEN
Vacation Cabin
close
Date: Jul - Aug 2015
Software: AutoDesk Revit
Description: Full floorplan, siteplan and 3-D rendering of Revit Cabin. Created in High School Design Class
❮
❯
The Rich Can Dream
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The Rich Can Dream
close
Date: Mar 2013
Software: FloorPlanner.com
Description: Exploring furniture options in FloorPlanner website
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Simple Church
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Simple Church
close
Date: Apr 2013
Software: FloorPlanner.com
Description: Minimal Church concept
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Starter Home
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Starter Home
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Date: Apr 2013
Software: FloorPlanner.com
Description: 2-Room minimal home floorplan
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--- title: HitTest keywords: fastai sidebar: home_sidebar summary: "VAULT Proposal python module for addressing Technical Scenario objective 1" description: "VAULT Proposal python module for addressing Technical Scenario objective 1" nb_path: "nbs/05_HitTest.ipynb" ---
Objective 1:
1) Determine the “hits” where a satellite has geodetic overlap of any vessel(s) at any point(s) in time. For simplicity, it may be assumed that a satellite has full view of half the earth (regardless of satellite type or its elevation above the earth). However, additional accuracy models with rationale is allowed.
A satellite can see the ship only if the ship can see the satellite. So instead of the half-earth assumption, we define a "hit" as the satellite being above the horizon (defined as "alt" ≥0º in a ship-based alt-azimuth coordinate system).
According to exactEarth, a more realistic approximation is that AIS satellites at 650 km have a 5000 km diameter Field of View. That corresponds to a horizon of about 𝜃=14.6º, as shown here:
🛰
: :
650 : km :
: : 2500km 𝜃
.........................`🛳
import math
𝜃 = math.degrees(math.atan(650/2500))
print(f'{𝜃:.1f}')
def get_qvals(delta_days: int, alt: float, horizon:float=13.5):
"""Get quality vals for """
if delta_days <= 2.0:
if alt.degrees > 0.0:
qvals = [QUALITY_EXCELLENT, math.nan]
else:
qvals = [math.nan, QUALITY_EXCELLENT]
elif delta_days <= 14.0:
if alt.degrees > 0.0:
qvals = [QUALITY_GOOD, math.nan]
else:
qvals = [math.nan, QUALITY_GOOD]
elif delta_days <= 56.0:
if alt.degrees > 0.0:
qvals = [QUALITY_POOR, math.nan]
else:
qvals = [math.nan, QUALITY_POOR]
else:
qvals = [math.nan, QUALITY_STALE]
return pd.Series([alt.degrees, az.degrees, delta_days] + qvals)
#
During data posturing we created single-day TLE files, so each day contains the most recent TLE for all 12K satellites.
The HitTest
constructor takes a date, loads the TLE dayfile, and returns the corresponding DataFrame.
TODO: Most of these satellites are useless. Speed by ignoring.
Then test it on a single day.
ht = HitTest(datetime(2016, 6, 30))
ht.df_day_tle.count()
df.head()
df.satellite.value_counts()
pd.DataFrame([df.dtypes, df.memory_usage(index=False, deep=True)], index=['Dtype', 'Mem']).T
df.info()
print(df.iloc[3]["line1"])
print(df.iloc[3]["line2"])
assert (datetime(1971, 6, 1) - datetime(1970, 6, 1)).days == 365
pd.DataFrame([51.5, 189, 2.3], index=['alt','az','days'])
Given at Lat/Lon/Time, what satellites can see me?
We pre-partition the TLE data by Year/Month/Day, so we can quickly load only today's TLE data, and check whether Lat/Lon can see it.
Here we apply
the Skyfield.EarthSatellite
function to all TLE rows in the dataframe for today.
Benchmark: this takes about 6s on a laptop. @TODO: speed this up by 10x.
Minor glitch: cannot use faster raw=True
In theory apply(..., raw=True)
should be faster than default apply
. However, it's not working due to:
AssertionError:Number of manager items must equal union of block items> # manager items:7, # tot_items:
- Possible solution:
https://www.nuomiphp.com/eplan/en/254300.html
- On the other hand, it's an open pandas ticket:
https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/34822
So I try
the default way first. But the except
won't work until we track down the block manager issue.
df_alt_az_days = satellite_alt_az_days(datetime(2016, 6, 30), 45.0, -176.0)
df_alt_az_days.count()
df_alt_az_days.head()
df_hit_quality = hit_quality(df_alt_az_days)
df_hit_quality["hit"].value_counts()
df_hit_quality["miss"].value_counts()
pd.concat([df_hit_quality["hit"].value_counts(), df_hit_quality["miss"].value_counts()], axis=1, sort=False)
df_alt_az_days_visible = df_alt_az_days[df_alt_az_days["altitude"]>0].copy()
df_alt_az_days_visible.count()
df_alt_az_days_visible.head(5)
Generate a polar alt/az plot of the qualifying satellites
TODO: Is "0" here 0 altitude? That would be on the horizon, which is counter-intuitive.
Note the band of satellites at southern bearings -- this ship was in the Northern hemisphere.
for k, v in QUALITY_COLORS.items():
print(k,v)
fig = viz(df_alt_az_days_visible)


--- layout: default title: "RDFa / Test Suite Endpoint" nav_index: 4 ---
The RDFa Test Suite is a set of Web Services, markup and tests that can be used to verify RDFa Processor conformance to the set of specifications that constitute RDFa 1.1. The goal of the suite is to provide an easy and comprehensive RDFa testing solution for developers creating RDFa Processors.
The RDFa Test suite allows developers to mix and match RDFa processor endpoints with different RDFa versions and Host Languages.
The RDFa Test Suite is an single-page HTML application driving the entire process.
The page is loaded with the complete lists of tests associated with different RDFa versions and host languages.
To execute a test, the application uses the processorUrl
and appends URI query parameters identifying the test source and other necessary parameters, upon which the processor will return the parsed RDF represented as either N-Triples or Turtle. As the processor executes in HTML, it is important that the processor return the header Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
.
The application also fetches an associated SPARQL query, which
uses an ASK form to return true or false.
The test-suite is implemented using JavaScript and rdflib.js. The user interface is implemented in JavaScript using Bootstrap.js and Backbone.js.
The test files are managed statically using Jekyll with a Rake task) used to build version- and language-specific test files.
The HTML application is implemented principally in JavaScript using Backbone.js as a model-viewer-controller, which downloads the test suite manifest and creates a simple user interface using Bootstrap.js to run tests, or get test details.
Processing happens in the following order:
RDFa Test Suite | RDFa Website | RDFa Processor
load webpage ->
<- test scaffold
load manifest ->
<- JSON-LD manifest
run test -> Load SPARQL query.
-> Process referenced
test document and
return RDF with
Content-Type indicating
<- format.
SPARQL runs with
returned document
returning _true_
or _false_.
display results
You can view and run this test suite at the following URL:
In order to add a unit test, you must follow these steps:
rdfatest:hostLanguage "html4";
in the test case entry.There are three classifications for Unit Tests:
The test suite is designed to empower RDFa processor maintainers to create and add tests as they see fit. This may mean that the test suite may become unstable from time to time, but this approach has been taken so that the long-term goal of having a comprehensive test suite for RDFa can be achieved by the RDFa community.
When running locally, after adding a unit test, run rake cache:clear
to remove cached files and ensure that necessary HTTP resources are regenerated. For the deployed website, this happens automatically each time a Git commit is pushed to the server.
The Test Suite operates by making a call to a processor endpoint with a query parameter that indicates
the URL of the test document to be processed. Within the test suite, a text box (upper right-hand corner)
allows a processor endpoint to be selected or added manually. It is presumed that the endpoint URL ends
with a query parameter to which a test URL can be appended. For example, the pyrdfa endpoint is
defined as follows: http://www.w3.org/2012/pyRdfa/extract?uri=
. When invoked, the URL of an actual
test will be appended, such as the following:
http://www.w3.org/2012/pyRdfa/extract?uri=http://rdfa.info/test-suite/test-cases/xml/rdfa1.1/0001.xml
.
Everything required by a processor can be presumed from the content of the document provided, however
the test suite will also set a Content-Type
HTTP header appropriate for the document provided, these include
* application/xhtml+xml,
* application/xml,
* image/svg+xml, and
* text/html
The processor is called with HTTP Accept header indicating appropriate result formats (currently,
text/turtle
(indicating Turtle),
application/rdf+xml
(indicating RDF/XML), and
text/plain
(indicating N-Triples)), and the processor may
respond with an appropriate RDF format. Processors SHOULD set the HTTP Content-Type
of the resulting
document to the associated document Mime Type.
In some cases, the test suite may add additional query parameters to the endpoint URL to test different
required or optional behaviors, these include rdfagraph
, taking a value of original
, processor
, or
original,processor
to control the processor output
(see RDFa Core 1.1 Section 7.6.1).
Also, vocab_expansion
taking any value is used
to control optional RDFa vocabulary expansion
(see RDFa Core 1.1 Section 10.2).
To add a processor to the test suite, add to the object definition in
processors.json
in alphabetical order. This is currently defined as follows:
{
"any23 (Java)": {
"endpoint": "http://any23.org/turtle/",
"doap": "http://any23.org/",
"doap_url": "/earl-reports/any23-doap.ttl"
},
"clj-rdfa (Clojure)": {
"endpoint": "http://clj-rdfa.herokuapp.com/extract.ttl?url=",
"doap": "https://github.com/niklasl/clj-rdfa",
"doap_url": "/earl-reports/clj-rdfa-doap.ttl"
},
"EasyRdf (PHP)": {
"endpoint": "http://www.easyrdf.org/converter?input_format=rdfa&raw=1&uri=",
"doap": "http://www.aelius.com/njh/easyrdf/",
"doap_url": "/earl-reports/easyrdf-doap.ttl"
},
"Green Turtle (JavaScript)": {
"doap": "https://code.google.com/p/green-turtle/",
"doap_url": "/earl-reports/green-turtle-doap.ttl"
},
"java-rdfa (Java)": {
"endpoint": "http://rdf-in-html.appspot.com/translate/?parser=XHTML&uri=",
"doap": "https://github.com/shellac/java-rdfa",
"doap_url": "/earl-reports/java-rdfa-doap.ttl"
},
"librdfa (C)": {
"endpoint": "http://librdfa.digitalbazaar.com/rdfa2rdf.py?uri=",
"doap": "https://github.com/rdfa/librdfa",
"doap_url": "/earl-reports/librdfa-doap.ttl"
},
"pyRdfa (Python)": {
"endpoint": "http://www.w3.org/2012/pyRdfa/extract?uri=",
"doap": "http://www.w3.org/2012/pyRdfa"
},
"RDF::RDFa (Ruby)": {
"endpoint": "http://rdf.greggkellogg.net/distiller?raw=true&in_fmt=rdfa&uri=",
"doap": "http://rubygems.org/gems/rdf-rdfa",
"doap_url": "/earl-reports/rdf-rdfa-doap.ttl"
},
"RDF::RDFa::Parser (Perl)": {
"endpoint": "http://buzzword.org.uk/2012/rdfa-distiller/?format=rdfxml&url=",
"doap": "http://purl.org/NET/cpan-uri/dist/RDF-RDFa-Parser/v_1-097",
"doap_url": "/earl-reports/rdf-rdfa-parser-doap.ttl"
},
"Semargl (Java)": {
"endpoint": "http://demo.semarglproject.org/process?uri=",
"doap": "http://semarglproject.org"
},
"other": {
"endpoint": "",
"doap": ""
}
}
The doap
is the IRI defining the processor. It should be an information resource resulting in a
DOAP project description, and will be used when formatting reports.
If the DOAP project description location differs from the identifying IRI, set that location in doap_url
Test cases are provided with HTTP ETag headers and expiration values. Processors MAY cache test case documents but MUST validate the document using HTTP HEAD or conditional GET operations.
The test suite is termed Crazy Ivan because of an unusual maneuver popularized in The Hunt for Red October and Firefly. It is a term used to detect problems that are hiding, which is what the test suite.
Seaman Jones: Conn, sonar! Crazy Ivan! Capt. Bart Mancuso: All stop! Quick quiet! [the ships engines are shut down completely] Beaumont: What’s goin’ on? Seaman Jones: Russian captains sometime turn suddenly to see if anyone’s behind them. We call it “Crazy Ivan.” The only thing you can do is go dead.  Beaumont: So what’s the catch? Seaman Jones: The catch is, a boat this big doesn’t exactly stop on a dime… and if we’re too close, we’ll drift right into the back of him.
If you would like to contribute a to the website, include an additional test suite processor endpoint, contribute a new test or to a fix to an existing test, please follow these steps:
Optionally, you can ask for direct access to the repository and may make changes directly to the RDFa Website source code. All updates to the test suite go live within seconds of pushing changes to github via a WebHook call.
The JavaScript and CSS files are minimized into cached assets. Any change to CSS or JavaScript files requires that the assets be re-compiled. This can be done as follows:
rake assets:precompile
Make sure to do this before committing changes that involve any CSS or JavaScript contained within file:public/stylesheets
or public/javascripts
.


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