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java.lang.Object gr.forth.ics.graph.layout.Logo
public abstract class Logo
A utility that can ease the drawing of arbitrary shapes
, via an interface similar to the
Logo programming language.
Usage of this utility can avoid the need for trigonometric calculations for drawing most linear geometric shapes.
Note: All angle measures are expressed in degrees.
To translate into rads, use Math.toRadians(double)
. This affects methods that
access or change the orientation of the Logo
.
The Logo
starts at point (0.0, 0.0), and faces "east" (towards right). It
can turn left
or right
, expressing angles
in degrees. It can move forwards
or backwards
.
It can "fly"
, i.e. thereafter it moves without actually drawing, and it can
"land"
, i.e. it resumes drawing. (It is noted that Logo
s are created
"landed" by default). It can
reorient towards east
(right), north
(up),
west
(left) and south
(down). It can also
move to arbitrary locations via goTo(Point2D)
and
goTo(double, double)
.
Note that most methods can be chained, for example here is how an
arrow of the form " ----->"
can be drawn:
Logo logo = new Logo();
logo.go(50).left(120).go(15).left(180).go(15).right(120).go(15);
| Nested Class Summary | |
|---|---|
static class |
Logo.Drawer
A type of Logo which draws directly on a Graphics object. |
static class |
Logo.Shaper
A type of Logo which produces Shapes . |
| Constructor Summary | |
|---|---|
protected |
Logo()
Creates a Logo instance. |
| Method Summary | |
|---|---|
Logo |
back(double distance)
Moves this drawer backwards for the specified amount of distance. |
protected abstract void |
drawLine(double x1,
double y1,
double x2,
double y2)
Draws a line from a start point to a target point. |
Logo |
faceEast()
Reorients this drawer to the east (right). |
Logo |
faceNorth()
Reorients this drawer to the north (up). |
Logo |
faceSouth()
Reorients this drawer to the south (down). |
Logo |
faceWest()
Reorients this drawer to the west (left). |
Logo |
fly()
Makes this drawer to "fly" (that is, subsequent movements will not draw). |
protected abstract void |
flyLine(double x1,
double y1,
double x2,
double y2)
Moves from a start point to a target point. |
java.awt.geom.Point2D |
getCurrentPosition()
Returns the current location of this drawer. |
double |
getOrientation()
Returns the current orientation of this drawer, in degrees. |
Logo |
go(double distance)
Moves this drawer forward for the specified amount of distance. |
Logo |
goTo(double x,
double y)
Relocates this drawer to the specified location, without changing its orientation. |
Logo |
goTo(java.awt.geom.Point2D point)
Relocates this drawer to the specified location, without changing its orientation. |
Logo |
land()
Makes this drawer to "land" (that is, subsequent movements will draw). |
Logo |
left(double degrees)
Turns this drawer left, with an angle of the specifed amount of degrees. |
Logo |
orientTowards(double x,
double y)
Orients this drawer towards the specified position. |
Logo |
orientTowards(java.awt.geom.Point2D position)
Orients this drawer towards the specified position. |
Logo |
right(double degrees)
Turns this drawer right, with an angle of the specifed amount of degrees. |
| Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object |
|---|
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait |
| Constructor Detail |
|---|
protected Logo()
| Method Detail |
|---|
public Logo fly()
land()
public Logo land()
fly()
public Logo goTo(java.awt.geom.Point2D point)
point
- the location where to move this drawer
fly()
public Logo goTo(double x, double y)
x
- the x-coordinate of the location where to move this drawery
- the y-coordinate of the location where to move this drawer
fly()
protected abstract void drawLine(double x1, double y1, double x2, double y2)
x1
- the x-coordinate of the start pointy1
- the y-coordinate of the start pointx2
- the x-coordinate of the target pointy2
- the y-coordinate of the target pointprotected abstract void flyLine(double x1, double y1, double x2, double y2)
x1
- the x-coordinate of the start pointy1
- the y-coordinate of the start pointx2
- the x-coordinate of the target pointy2
- the y-coordinate of the target pointpublic Logo go(double distance)
distance
- the distance to go forward
public Logo back(double distance)
distance
- the distance to go backwards
public Logo faceEast()
0
degrees
.
public Logo faceWest()
180
degrees
.
public Logo faceNorth()
90
degrees
.
public Logo faceSouth()
270
degrees
.
public Logo left(double degrees)
degrees
- the degrees of the angle make towards left
public Logo right(double degrees)
degrees
- the degrees of the angle make towards right
public java.awt.geom.Point2D getCurrentPosition()
public double getOrientation()
public Logo orientTowards(java.awt.geom.Point2D position)
position
- the position to orient this drawer towards
public Logo orientTowards(double x, double y)
x
- the x-coordinate of the position to orient this drawer towardsy
- the y-coordinate of the position to orient this drawer towards
|
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Vampire Hunter D (* out of four). Made in 1985.  Really, and this is the truth, no other genre in film gets away with such violence without a word being said in the media about it. With anime, a common shot is watching a body getting quickly cut in two, and the rest of the insides falling out seconds afterword. This is a standard practice in anime, or at least the half dozen or so titles that Iıve seen.
Vampire Hunter D is a gory, gory film. If they ever made a live version of the film, it would be banned in several countries and given a rating somewhere below XXX. Itıs not that itıs gore is unique - itıs just like other gory animes - but this one was supposed to stand out because of the complexity itıs story, characters, animation, etc... It really didnıt. It was disgusting and gruesome, which overshadowed the story, what little of it there was.
It seems that in the not too distant future vampires and evil control the world, because God knows that our local police force just canıt seem to get a handle on vampires in the movies. One evening, a blond peasant girl, drawn to look 17 and innocent (a foreshadow that we will see her naked, I guessed early on it would be in the shower or in a rape scene) is out fighting evil in her local forest preserve when she stumbles onto the private property of a ten thousand year old vampire (insert Strom Thurmand joke here.) Of course, he never put a ³no trespassing² sign on his yard, so one canıt really blame her, but heıs upset anyway and demands retribution. She gets the obligatory bite on the neck (arenıt there other places to get blood from? It seems like a bite in the elbow would do well enough. If it's good enough for doctors to draw blood from, then why do vampires stray from that sight?) To fight the spell, she enlists the help of a mysteriously tall, dark and handsome vampire hunter (you guessed it, his name is D). The vampire hunter is torn between fighting vampires, being attracted to the 17 year old peasant girl and finding reasons not to talk too much. You see, like all heroes in these kinds of stories, heıs a brooder, whoıs sole purpose in life is to remain really, really silent. When he speaks, itıs in cliches. Heroes like this are bad when theyıre live, even worse when animated.
Later the vampire hunter storms the castle to meet the big bad vampire, who wants to marry the peasant girl because heıs bored after 10,000 years of living (the only clever vampire insight made in the movie), Will Vampire Hunter D rush to save her in time? Will we see blood and intestines spattering on every place imaginable?
In itıs defense, the animation, when focusing on being original rather than recycling anime slicing, could at times be original. The talking hand was clever - and I think the inspiration for a skateboard-related logo. And thatıs the best defense I can think of.
I understand that Vampire Hunter D is supposed to be a fave among anime fans, but I really donıt see it. Itıs an excuse to watch blood dripping from teeth, blood exploding out of eye sockets and horses necks, and most importantly, like all violent anime, it is an excuse to see animated breasts. Why? What is the point of that? Maybe I have to understand the genre and look past the obsessive gore and mysogny. Iım not a prude, I just donıt think itıs warranted. It puts itself so far out in front of the movie that everything else gets lost. Is there a neccesity in seeing a 17 year old in the shower? Of course not itıs done for shock. Itıs tasteless and despicable.
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rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
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Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) were developed during the last decade of the previous century, with a focus on character recognition tasks. Nowadays, CNNs are a central element in the spectacular success of dee learning methods. The success in for example image classifications have made them a central tool for most machine learning practitioners.
CNNs are very similar to ordinary Neural Networks. They are made up of neurons that have learnable weights and biases. Each neuron receives some inputs, performs a dot product and optionally follows it with a non-linearity. The whole network still expresses a single differentiable score function: from the raw image pixels on one end to class scores at the other. And they still have a loss function (for example Softmax) on the last (fully-connected) layer and all the tips/tricks we developed for learning regular Neural Networks still apply (back propagation, gradient descent etc etc).
What is the difference? CNN architectures make the explicit assumption that the inputs are images, which allows us to encode certain properties into the architecture. These then make the forward function more efficient to implement and vastly reduce the amount of parameters in the network.
Here we provide only a superficial overview, for the more interested, we recommend highly the course IN5400 – Machine Learning for Image Analysis and the slides of CS231.
Another good read is the article here https://arxiv.org/pdf/1603.07285.pdf.
As an example, consider an image of size \( 32\times 32\times 3 \) (32 wide, 32 high, 3 color channels), so a single fully-connected neuron in a first hidden layer of a regular Neural Network would have \( 32\times 32\times 3 = 3072 \) weights. This amount still seems manageable, but clearly this fully-connected structure does not scale to larger images. For example, an image of more respectable size, say \( 200\times 200\times 3 \), would lead to neurons that have \( 200\times 200\times 3 = 120,000 \) weights.
We could have several such neurons, and the parameters would add up quickly! Clearly, this full connectivity is wasteful and the huge number of parameters would quickly lead to possible overfitting.
Convolutional Neural Networks take advantage of the fact that the input consists of images and they constrain the architecture in a more sensible way.
In particular, unlike a regular Neural Network, the layers of a CNN have neurons arranged in 3 dimensions: width, height, depth. (Note that the word depth here refers to the third dimension of an activation volume, not to the depth of a full Neural Network, which can refer to the total number of layers in a network.)
To understand it better, the above example of an image with an input volume of activations has dimensions \( 32\times 32\times 3 \) (width, height, depth respectively).
The neurons in a layer will only be connected to a small region of the layer before it, instead of all of the neurons in a fully-connected manner. Moreover, the final output layer could for this specific image have dimensions \( 1\times 1 \times 10 \), because by the end of the CNN architecture we will reduce the full image into a single vector of class scores, arranged along the depth dimension.
A simple CNN is a sequence of layers, and every layer of a CNN transforms one volume of activations to another through a differentiable function. We use three main types of layers to build CNN architectures: Convolutional Layer, Pooling Layer, and Fully-Connected Layer (exactly as seen in regular Neural Networks). We will stack these layers to form a full CNN architecture.
A simple CNN for image classification could have the architecture:
CNNs transform the original image layer by layer from the original pixel values to the final class scores.
Observe that some layers contain parameters and other don’t. In particular, the CNN layers perform transformations that are a function of not only the activations in the input volume, but also of the parameters (the weights and biases of the neurons). On the other hand, the RELU/POOL layers will implement a fixed function. The parameters in the CONV/FC layers will be trained with gradient descent so that the class scores that the CNN computes are consistent with the labels in the training set for each image.
In summary:
As discussed above, CNNs are neural networks built from the assumption that the inputs to the network are 2D images. This is important because the number of features or pixels in images grows very fast with the image size, and an enormous number of weights and biases are needed in order to build an accurate network.
As before, we still have our input, a hidden layer and an output. What's novel about convolutional networks are the convolutional and pooling layers stacked in pairs between the input and the hidden layer. In addition, the data is no longer represented as a 2D feature matrix, instead each input is a number of 2D matrices, typically 1 for each color dimension (Red, Green, Blue).
It means that to represent the entire dataset of images, we require a 4D matrix or tensor. This tensor has the dimensions: $$ (n_{inputs},\, n_{pixels, width},\, n_{pixels, height},\, depth) . $$
The MNIST dataset consists of grayscale images with a pixel size of \( 28\times 28 \), meaning we require \( 28 \times 28 = 724 \) weights to each neuron in the first hidden layer.
If we were to analyze images of size \( 128\times 128 \) we would require \( 128 \times 128 = 16384 \) weights to each neuron. Even worse if we were dealing with color images, as most images are, we have an image matrix of size \( 128\times 128 \) for each color dimension (Red, Green, Blue), meaning 3 times the number of weights \( = 49152 \) are required for every single neuron in the first hidden layer.
Therefore, instead of connecting every single pixel to a neuron in the first hidden layer, as we have previously done with deep neural networks, we can instead connect each neuron to a small part of the image (in all 3 RGB depth dimensions). The size of each small area is fixed, and known as a receptive.
A convolution is performed on the image which outputs a 3D volume of neurons. The weights to the input are arranged in a number of 2D matrices, known as filters.
Each filter slides along the input image, taking the dot product between each small part of the image and the filter, in all depth dimensions. This is then passed through a non-linear function, typically the Rectified Linear (ReLu) function, which serves as the activation of the neurons in the first convolutional layer. This is further passed through a pooling layer, which reduces the size of the convolutional layer, e.g. by taking the maximum or average across some small regions, and this serves as input to the next convolutional layer.
By systematically reducing the size of the input volume, through convolution and pooling, the network should create representations of small parts of the input, and then from them assemble representations of larger areas. The final pooling layer is flattened to serve as input to a hidden layer, such that each neuron in the final pooling layer is connected to every single neuron in the hidden layer. This then serves as input to the output layer, e.g. a softmax output for classification.
# import necessary packages
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from sklearn import datasets
# ensure the same random numbers appear every time
np.random.seed(0)
# display images in notebook
%matplotlib inline
plt.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = (12,12)
# download MNIST dataset
digits = datasets.load_digits()
# define inputs and labels
inputs = digits.images
labels = digits.target
# RGB images have a depth of 3
# our images are grayscale so they should have a depth of 1
inputs = inputs[:,:,:,np.newaxis]
print("inputs = (n_inputs, pixel_width, pixel_height, depth) = " + str(inputs.shape))
print("labels = (n_inputs) = " + str(labels.shape))
# choose some random images to display
n_inputs = len(inputs)
indices = np.arange(n_inputs)
random_indices = np.random.choice(indices, size=5)
for i, image in enumerate(digits.images[random_indices]):
plt.subplot(1, 5, i+1)
plt.axis('off')
plt.imshow(image, cmap=plt.cm.gray_r, interpolation='nearest')
plt.title("Label: %d" % digits.target[random_indices[i]])
plt.show()
from keras.utils import to_categorical
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
# representation of labels
labels = to_categorical(labels)
# split into train and test data
# one-liner from scikit-learn library
train_size = 0.8
test_size = 1 - train_size
X_train, X_test, Y_train, Y_test = train_test_split(inputs, labels, train_size=train_size,
test_size=test_size)
We need to define model and architecture and choose cost function and optmizer.
import tensorflow as tf
class ConvolutionalNeuralNetworkTensorflow:
def __init__(
self,
X_train,
Y_train,
X_test,
Y_test,
n_filters=10,
n_neurons_connected=50,
n_categories=10,
receptive_field=3,
stride=1,
padding=1,
epochs=10,
batch_size=100,
eta=0.1,
lmbd=0.0):
self.global_step = tf.Variable(0, dtype=tf.int32, trainable=False, name='global_step')
self.X_train = X_train
self.Y_train = Y_train
self.X_test = X_test
self.Y_test = Y_test
self.n_inputs, self.input_width, self.input_height, self.depth = X_train.shape
self.n_filters = n_filters
self.n_downsampled = int(self.input_width*self.input_height*n_filters / 4)
self.n_neurons_connected = n_neurons_connected
self.n_categories = n_categories
self.receptive_field = receptive_field
self.stride = stride
self.strides = [stride, stride, stride, stride]
self.padding = padding
self.epochs = epochs
self.batch_size = batch_size
self.iterations = self.n_inputs // self.batch_size
self.eta = eta
self.lmbd = lmbd
self.create_placeholders()
self.create_CNN()
self.create_loss()
self.create_optimiser()
self.create_accuracy()
def create_placeholders(self):
with tf.name_scope('data'):
self.X = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=(None, self.input_width, self.input_height, self.depth), name='X_data')
self.Y = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=(None, self.n_categories), name='Y_data')
def create_CNN(self):
with tf.name_scope('CNN'):
# Convolutional layer
self.W_conv = self.weight_variable([self.receptive_field, self.receptive_field, self.depth, self.n_filters], name='conv', dtype=tf.float32)
b_conv = self.weight_variable([self.n_filters], name='conv', dtype=tf.float32)
z_conv = tf.nn.conv2d(self.X, self.W_conv, self.strides, padding='SAME', name='conv') + b_conv
a_conv = tf.nn.relu(z_conv)
# 2x2 max pooling
a_pool = tf.nn.max_pool(a_conv, [1, 2, 2, 1], [1, 2, 2, 1], padding='SAME', name='pool')
# Fully connected layer
a_pool_flat = tf.reshape(a_pool, [-1, self.n_downsampled])
self.W_fc = self.weight_variable([self.n_downsampled, self.n_neurons_connected], name='fc', dtype=tf.float32)
b_fc = self.bias_variable([self.n_neurons_connected], name='fc', dtype=tf.float32)
a_fc = tf.nn.relu(tf.matmul(a_pool_flat, self.W_fc) + b_fc)
# Output layer
self.W_out = self.weight_variable([self.n_neurons_connected, self.n_categories], name='out', dtype=tf.float32)
b_out = self.bias_variable([self.n_categories], name='out', dtype=tf.float32)
self.z_out = tf.matmul(a_fc, self.W_out) + b_out
def create_loss(self):
with tf.name_scope('loss'):
softmax_loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits_v2(labels=self.Y, logits=self.z_out))
regularizer_loss_conv = tf.nn.l2_loss(self.W_conv)
regularizer_loss_fc = tf.nn.l2_loss(self.W_fc)
regularizer_loss_out = tf.nn.l2_loss(self.W_out)
regularizer_loss = self.lmbd*(regularizer_loss_conv + regularizer_loss_fc + regularizer_loss_out)
self.loss = softmax_loss + regularizer_loss
def create_accuracy(self):
with tf.name_scope('accuracy'):
probabilities = tf.nn.softmax(self.z_out)
predictions = tf.argmax(probabilities, 1)
labels = tf.argmax(self.Y, 1)
correct_predictions = tf.equal(predictions, labels)
correct_predictions = tf.cast(correct_predictions, tf.float32)
self.accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(correct_predictions)
def create_optimiser(self):
with tf.name_scope('optimizer'):
self.optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate=self.eta).minimize(self.loss, global_step=self.global_step)
def weight_variable(self, shape, name='', dtype=tf.float32):
initial = tf.truncated_normal(shape, stddev=0.1)
return tf.Variable(initial, name=name, dtype=dtype)
def bias_variable(self, shape, name='', dtype=tf.float32):
initial = tf.constant(0.1, shape=shape)
return tf.Variable(initial, name=name, dtype=dtype)
def fit(self):
data_indices = np.arange(self.n_inputs)
with tf.Session() as sess:
sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())
for i in range(self.epochs):
for j in range(self.iterations):
chosen_datapoints = np.random.choice(data_indices, size=self.batch_size, replace=False)
batch_X, batch_Y = self.X_train[chosen_datapoints], self.Y_train[chosen_datapoints]
sess.run([CNN.loss, CNN.optimizer],
feed_dict={CNN.X: batch_X,
CNN.Y: batch_Y})
accuracy = sess.run(CNN.accuracy,
feed_dict={CNN.X: batch_X,
CNN.Y: batch_Y})
step = sess.run(CNN.global_step)
self.train_loss, self.train_accuracy = sess.run([CNN.loss, CNN.accuracy],
feed_dict={CNN.X: self.X_train,
CNN.Y: self.Y_train})
self.test_loss, self.test_accuracy = sess.run([CNN.loss, CNN.accuracy],
feed_dict={CNN.X: self.X_test,
CNN.Y: self.Y_test})
We need now to train the model, evaluate it and test its performance on test data, and eventually include hyperparameters.
epochs = 100
batch_size = 100
n_filters = 10
n_neurons_connected = 50
n_categories = 10
eta_vals = np.logspace(-5, 1, 7)
lmbd_vals = np.logspace(-5, 1, 7)
CNN_tf = np.zeros((len(eta_vals), len(lmbd_vals)), dtype=object)
for i, eta in enumerate(eta_vals):
for j, lmbd in enumerate(lmbd_vals):
CNN = ConvolutionalNeuralNetworkTensorflow(X_train, Y_train, X_test, Y_test,
n_filters=n_filters, n_neurons_connected=n_neurons_connected,
n_categories=n_categories, epochs=epochs, batch_size=batch_size,
eta=eta, lmbd=lmbd)
CNN.fit()
print("Learning rate = ", eta)
print("Lambda = ", lmbd)
print("Test accuracy: %.3f" % CNN.test_accuracy)
print()
CNN_tf[i][j] = CNN
# visual representation of grid search
# uses seaborn heatmap, could probably do this in matplotlib
import seaborn as sns
sns.set()
train_accuracy = np.zeros((len(eta_vals), len(lmbd_vals)))
test_accuracy = np.zeros((len(eta_vals), len(lmbd_vals)))
for i in range(len(eta_vals)):
for j in range(len(lmbd_vals)):
CNN = CNN_tf[i][j]
train_accuracy[i][j] = CNN.train_accuracy
test_accuracy[i][j] = CNN.test_accuracy
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize = (10, 10))
sns.heatmap(train_accuracy, annot=True, ax=ax, cmap="viridis")
ax.set_title("Training Accuracy")
ax.set_ylabel("$\eta$")
ax.set_xlabel("$\lambda$")
plt.show()
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize = (10, 10))
sns.heatmap(test_accuracy, annot=True, ax=ax, cmap="viridis")
ax.set_title("Test Accuracy")
ax.set_ylabel("$\eta$")
ax.set_xlabel("$\lambda$")
plt.show()
from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.layers.convolutional import Conv2D
from keras.layers.convolutional import MaxPooling2D
from keras.layers import Flatten
from keras.layers import Dense
from keras.regularizers import l2
from keras.optimizers import SGD
def create_convolutional_neural_network_keras(input_shape, receptive_field,
n_filters, n_neurons_connected, n_categories,
eta, lmbd):
model = Sequential()
model.add(Conv2D(n_filters, (receptive_field, receptive_field), input_shape=input_shape, padding='same',
activation='relu', kernel_regularizer=l2(lmbd)))
model.add(MaxPooling2D(pool_size=(2, 2)))
model.add(Flatten())
model.add(Dense(n_neurons_connected, activation='relu', kernel_regularizer=l2(lmbd)))
model.add(Dense(n_categories, activation='softmax', kernel_regularizer=l2(lmbd)))
sgd = SGD(lr=eta)
model.compile(loss='categorical_crossentropy', optimizer=sgd, metrics=['accuracy'])
return model
epochs = 100
batch_size = 100
input_shape = X_train.shape[1:4]
receptive_field = 3
n_filters = 10
n_neurons_connected = 50
n_categories = 10
eta_vals = np.logspace(-5, 1, 7)
lmbd_vals = np.logspace(-5, 1, 7)
CNN_keras = np.zeros((len(eta_vals), len(lmbd_vals)), dtype=object)
for i, eta in enumerate(eta_vals):
for j, lmbd in enumerate(lmbd_vals):
CNN = create_convolutional_neural_network_keras(input_shape, receptive_field,
n_filters, n_neurons_connected, n_categories,
eta, lmbd)
CNN.fit(X_train, Y_train, epochs=epochs, batch_size=batch_size, verbose=0)
scores = CNN.evaluate(X_test, Y_test)
CNN_keras[i][j] = CNN
print("Learning rate = ", eta)
print("Lambda = ", lmbd)
print("Test accuracy: %.3f" % scores[1])
print()
# visual representation of grid search
# uses seaborn heatmap, could probably do this in matplotlib
import seaborn as sns
sns.set()
train_accuracy = np.zeros((len(eta_vals), len(lmbd_vals)))
test_accuracy = np.zeros((len(eta_vals), len(lmbd_vals)))
for i in range(len(eta_vals)):
for j in range(len(lmbd_vals)):
CNN = CNN_keras[i][j]
train_accuracy[i][j] = CNN.evaluate(X_train, Y_train)[1]
test_accuracy[i][j] = CNN.evaluate(X_test, Y_test)[1]
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize = (10, 10))
sns.heatmap(train_accuracy, annot=True, ax=ax, cmap="viridis")
ax.set_title("Training Accuracy")
ax.set_ylabel("$\eta$")
ax.set_xlabel("$\lambda$")
plt.show()
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize = (10, 10))
sns.heatmap(test_accuracy, annot=True, ax=ax, cmap="viridis")
ax.set_title("Test Accuracy")
ax.set_ylabel("$\eta$")
ax.set_xlabel("$\lambda$")
plt.show()


Balasaheb Thackeray, Shiv Sena and the son of the soil
by Mrityunjay BoseBal Thackeray is an important icon in Maharashtra, both politically and socially. A fierce campaigner of the 'sons of the soil' theory, Thackeray started his career as a cartoonist in a daily, went on to start his own Marathi weekly 'Marmik' to express his views, and six years later founded the Shiv Sena in order to benefit the Marathi community in Maharashtra.
Apart from regional politics, Thackeray was also known for his ardent anti-Pakistan stand, especially when it came to cricket, stalling multiple India-Pakistan matches in the state with Shiv Sainiks protesting and digging up pitches in protest of the scheduled matches between the two countries.
He passed away on November 17, 2012.
Here is a short account of his lifetime:
23 January, 1926: Bal Thackeray born in Pune, Maharashtra.
1950-60s: Stint as a cartoonist with The Free Press Journal.
13 August 1960: Founded 'Marmik', a Marathi weekly published by the Shiv Sena today
19 June 1966: Thackeray forms the Shiv Sena, a political party which rode on the larger cause of protection of the welfare and interests of Marathi manoos (Marathi man).
30 October 1966: Shiv Sena's first Dassera rally held at Shivaji Park
1967: Shiv Sena enters politics by contesting the Thane Municipal Council polls
1968: Shiv Sena contests the Bombay Municipal Corporation polls, wins 42 of 120 wards
1969: Thackeray arrested for the first time after Shiv Sainiks stop the vehicle of then Deputy Prime Minister Morarji Desai at Mahim over the boundary dispute between Maharashtra and Karnataka.
26 June 1975 – 21 March 1977: Extends support to Emergency imposed by Indira Gandhi
1985-86: Shiv Sena embraces Hindutva
1989: Launches 'Saamana', the mouthpiece of the party
1990: Sets eyes on Mantralaya, Vidhan Bhavan
1991: Shiv Sainiks dig up the Wankhede strip protesting against the India-Pakistan Test in Mumbai. The incident led to the cancellation of the entire series.
1991: Chhagan Bhujbal quits the Shiv Sena, joins the Congress and later joins Sharad Pawar-led NCP. Once an aide, Bhujbal, who became the deputy chief minister following the 1999 Assembly elections, ordered the arrest of Thackeray in a case against Saamana in connection with the 1992-93 riots
6 December 1992: Babri Masjid demolished, Sena chief claims responsibility
December 1992-January 1993: Communal riots in Mumbai
14 March 1995: Shiv Sena-BJP alliance comes to power. Shiv Sena's Manohar Joshi sworn-in as Chief Minister
1998: Srikrishna Commission report tabled in the Vidhan Sabha, indicts Bal Thackeray for the 1992-93 riots, Manohar Joshi government rejects the report
19 January 1999: Shiv Sainiks vandalise BCCI office at Churchgate in Mumbai, damage the Prudential World Cup of 1983. This was allegedly done in protest of the Pakistan cricket team's entry into India.
1 February 1999: Shiv Sena's Narayan Rane sworn-in as Chief Minister after Manohar Joshi steps down
October 1999: Shiv Sena-BJP saffron alliance loses power in Maharashtra, the Congress-NCP form Democratic Front government
28 July 1999: Bal Thackeray banned from voting and contesting in any election for six years from December 11, 1999, till December 10, 2005.
1998-2004: Shiv Sena becomes a part of the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance at the Centre led by Atal Bihari Vajpayee
April 2002: Manohar Joshi becomes Speaker of the Lok Sabha
February 2003: Son Uddhav Thackeray becomes Shiv Sena Executive President, cousin Raj Thackeray proposes his name at Mahabaleshwar conclave
July 2005: Narayan Rane leaves the Shiv Sena, joins the Congress
9 March 2006: Raj Thackeray launches his own party -- Maharashtra Navnirman Sena
July 2007: Thackeray supports Congress nominee Pratibha Patil, a Maharashtrian, for Presidential elections
2011-12: Bal Thackeray's grandson Aaditya Thackeray takes interest in the party and Yuva Sena
July 2012: Supports UPA candidate Pranab Mukherjee for the post of President breaking ranks with the NDA
17 November 2012: Shiv Sena supremo Bal Thackeray dies of prolonged illness, aged 86


--- layout: page title: "Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) Extension" description: "This document proposes the use of OAuth 2.0 to obtain and validate ephemeral tokens that can be used for Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) authentication. The usage of ephemeral tokens ensures that access to a STUN server can be controlled even if the tokens are compromised." ---
| Document Name: | RFC 7635 |
|---|---|
| Document URI: |
urn:ietf:rfc:7635
|
| Online Version: |
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7635
|
| Organization: | Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) |
| Series: | Request for Comments (RFC) |
| Abstract: | This document proposes the use of OAuth 2.0 to obtain and validate ephemeral tokens that can be used for Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) authentication. The usage of ephemeral tokens ensures that access to a STUN server can be controlled even if the tokens are compromised. |
stun-key
Return to ( Series | Organization | all Specifications )


Introduction:
DC-AC Inverters are common household devices. This device is commonly based on H-Bridge circuit. SG-3525 IC is used to drive the mosfets by applying 12V DC source (i.e. a battery) on input side and through some process like using DC Booster converter and step up transformer on output side produces 220V AC on the output side. H-Bridge circuit is developed with the help of IC SG3525 which is a regulating pulse width modulator IC. SG3525 is a single package multi function PWM generator IC. The IC we have used is doing this job of driving the mosfets, and each time it operates two mosfets for half of the time to pass the signals and second time for remaing tow respectively. Secnodly we have used current module to sense current and voltage at both ends of circuitry and finally displayed that results on LED using Ardunio. we have discussed each of these toipcs below respectivey.Nowadays majority of things in our daily life needs electricity, there are so many home appliances which run on AC power supply. Also there are some cases of load shading where we use solar panel and other electrolytic batteries to power the appliances thus we have to first change the dc voltage into ac this is where we do require an inverter.
Delegation of Tasks:
| Task |
Done by |
|---|---|
| Research on the project | Individually |
| Schematic and PCB design | Muhammad Punhal |
| Ardunio coding | Naqcho Ali |
| Interfacing with display using Ardunio | Muhammad Punhal |
| Collecting the bill of materials & some other peripherals | Muhammad Punhal | PCB Soldering | Naqcho Ali |
| Testing the inverter | Naqcho Ali |
| Case design in Solid Works (in process) | Muhammad Punhal |
High Level Design:
The very first thing came in our mind was the working process of our designed PCB . We brainstromed an got the solution by using our thinking caoability that what to use first and next to work out the sketch. this design is mind map of our complete project.The very first thing is the dc power source here we have used a 12volts battery, in order to enhance the dc voltage we have used the dc booster. Mosfets are used in the inverter circuit which is responsible for the output signal, two mosfets simultaneously works to make the upper half of the waveform while another two mosfets operate to make the second half of the waveform. The ic we have used is doing this job of driving these mosfets. Another major components that we have used is the microcontroller which is used to operate the current sensors and the lcd . The sensors read a raw value from the input as well as from the output and then send to the analog pins of the microcontroller which then are used in calculation to find out the current flowing from the output and input sides. the remaing main component is the transformer, which is served in stepping up the signal that is at the output terminal of the inverter circuit
Design requirements:
We are going to design a small portable inverter which can produce 500W, provides user interface for power input / output user interface. So for that we will use step up transformer which will boost the power from 12V Dc applied source to the expected result of 220V Ac. For achieving this process we need some tools like PCB design using Eagle and fabrication through SRM20 machine which is rightly avilable at Sukkur Fab Lab. And finally go for prototype of our final product with the help fo Laser cut.
- Most importantly SG3525 IC:
- Current Module
- The Micro-controller (Ardunio):
- Display
1. SG3525 IC:
This is a regulating pulse width modulator IC, which plays an important role in driving the circuitry and switching the power at Mosfets gates, from where we get output. Pin#11 and #14 (output A and output B): These are the two outputs of the IC which operate in a totem pole configuration or simply in a flip flop or push pull manner. External devices which are intended for controlling the converter transformers are integrated with these pinouts for implementing the final operations.
Main Technical Features:
- Operating voltage = 8 to 35V
- Error amp reference voltage internally regulated to 5.1V
- Oscillator frequency is variable through an external resistor within the range of 100Hz to 500 kHz.
- PWM pulses are controlled through latching for inhibiting multiple pulse outputs or generation.
- Output supports a dual totem pole driver configuration.
- Facilitates a separate oscillator sync pinout.

- Input under voltage shut down feature also is included.
Below are given bookmarked links only click to see documentation and download datasheet of IC:


I just realized that my coding productivity increased so much today since I didn't read any news, it is the April's Fool Day today. All tech company are spreading their fool's news, so it's useless to read these news, just keep coding seems to be the best thing to do today.


945-1040
Ibn Al-Haytham creates first pinhole camera (also called the Camera Obsura) which recieves light through a small hole and projects a smaller, inverted image on the surface opposite to the opening.
A hardware device that captures incoming light rays to record photographs or video onto some sort of screen.
Collection of various lenses that are used to redirect and shape the incoming light, allowing for adjustment of focus as well as field of view.
Used to adjust the amount of incoming light through the lens opens and closes similarly to the iris of the eye. This has an effect on depth of field and diffraction
First mirror that reflects the light in the direction of the viewfinder instead of the screen by blocking the shutter.
Collection of mirrors used to reflect the incoming light from the hinged mirror into the viewfinder.
Used to view a preview of an image of the camera before it is taken.
Controls the length of time that light hits the recording surface by controlling the amount of time it is lifted upwards. This is used to control blurring from motion as well as to adjust for lighting.
The screen of the camera that is used to record the image, either physically or digitally.
Light From an object enters through an opening. The light will then converge and the light will start to travel to a screen and create an inverted real image. The image is inverted due to the two light rays crossing.
In the case of a Camera, the light will enter through an opening covered by a lens to shape the light into a visible visible image when it hits the screen. The light rays will then converge within the camera to then be projected onto a light recording screen at the back of the camera.
Slowed Down Video Components Of The Camera In Action.
Photos can be used to keep recording of important memories and moments.
Cameras can be used to record footage and surveillance an area.
Photos can be used to identify and understand scientific discoveries in research such as the stages of mitosis.
Photos can be used to enhance as well as provide more information in news articles and stories.
Photos can be used to enhance an understanding of a concept as well as help visual learners.
Photos can be used to enhance the appeal of the marketing of the business.
Photos can be used to find the convict as well as act as evidence in legal cases.
A picture says a thousand words and thus is something that is invaluable to us. With a Camera, we have been able to capture and share pictures which has enhanced our ability to share and understand information.
Ibn Al-Haytham creates first pinhole camera (also called the Camera Obsura) which recieves light through a small hole and projects a smaller, inverted image on the surface opposite to the opening.
Finely created lenses were used by artists to draw and paint elaborate real-world images.
Johann Heinrich Schulze discovered that silver nitrate darkened upon exposure to light.
Joseph Niepce achieves first photographic image using a camera obscura. However, the image required eight hours of light exposure and later faded.
Louis Daguerre creates a process called daguerreotype process that created images that did not fade and took 30 minutes of light exposure.
William Henry Talbot invents and patents the Calotype process, an image making process that captures images onto paper where light and shadows are inverted but later inverted again to create an accurate image with more detailed lighting.
Frederick Scott Archer invents the Collodion process that allows for images to only require two to three seconds of light exposure.
Richard Leach maddox invests gelatin dry plate silver bromide process, allowing for the plate that an image is cast on could be developed later since it would not dry out.
George Eastman invents paper-based photographic film.
George Eastman patents Kodak roll-film camera, the first film camera.
Edwin Land invents first instant photographic camera, the Land Camera 95.
color film is introduced.
First digital camera created that took 20 seconds to store an image.
Canon showcases first viable prototype digital camera.
First digital camera sold in the United States, The Dycam model 1.


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[gecode-users] How to create a text-based interface to Gecode?
Grégoire Dooms
dooms at info.ucl.ac.be
Fri Apr 7 16:09:25 CEST 2006
Giuseppe Di Guglielmo wrote:
> I need to pass runtime to a constraint solver ( Gecode :P ) some constraints
> as string and retrieve the possible results. I mean something like that:
>
> if (MY_MODULE.solve("X>=2 & Y<23") == SUCCESS) {
> cout << MY_MODULE.retrieve("X") << endl;
> cout << MY_MODULE.retrieve("Y") << endl;
> }
>
> In MY_MODULE I could use Gecode... but how? Can you post some small examples
> of Gecode use with constraints like the above one?
>
The constraints you are referring to are expressed the following way in
Gecode:
rel(this, X, IRT_GE, 2);
rel(this, Y, IRT_LE, 23);
As Guido said, you will need to parse the string to convert it to
constraint calls like the ones above.
For a complete list of all constraint on integers look at:
http://www.gecode.org/gecode-doc-latest/int_8hh.html
For how to express then solve a problem, look at the examples files on
this page:
http://www.gecode.org/gecode-doc-latest/dir__2Ftmp_2Fbuild_2D1_2E0_2E1_2Fgecode_2Fexamples_2F.html
Hope this helps,
--
Grégoire
More information about the gecode-users
mailing list


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GET https://apis.wso2.com/api/am/admin/v0.15/policies/mediation
This operation provides you a list of available all global level mediation policies.
apim:mediation_policy_view
i
GET https://localhost:9443/api/am/admin/v0.15/policies/mediation
Authorization: Bearer 36a1644d-16c8-3f10-af2a-cedac82a6f21
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/json
{
"count": 13,
"next": null,
"previous": null,
"list": [
{
"name": "debug_json_fault",
"id": "563de8f3-dd1d-4ec7-afc2-d158c663ed34",
"type": "fault"
},
{
"name": "json_fault",
"id": "f9c36f4d-a2b6-41e7-b311-d358a47916be",
"type": "fault"
},
{
"name": "debug_json_fault2",
"id": "378169d3-6fd2-427f-b0db-0f378e89ccea",
"type": "fault"
},
{
"name": "json_to_xml_in_message",
"id": "3921225b-7918-4b95-a851-22c4e4e3e911",
"type": "in"
},
{
"name": "debug_in_flow",
"id": "2bc15f93-4455-4763-89b8-83600fb9d731",
"type": "in"
},
{
"name": "log_in_message",
"id": "4d287cca-76ab-44ca-b22e-919fc27c50e3",
"type": "in"
},
{
"name": "preserve_accept_header",
"id": "3776b215-b3bc-40b6-bdcb-06efa7de64be",
"type": "in"
},
{
"name": "xml_to_json_in_message",
"id": "50ac2002-769e-4f90-8549-6d0248dff7d2",
"type": "in"
},
{
"name": "xml_to_json_out_message",
"id": "2af75853-ed75-4d25-81aa-0ebbeca691ea",
"type": "out"
},
{
"name": "json_to_xml_out_message",
"id": "d9fa3ffc-f6b6-4171-ab97-eb44196cb66e",
"type": "out"
},
{
"name": "debug_out_flow",
"id": "260b7701-4071-46bd-9b66-900ac6fffed6",
"type": "out"
},
{
"name": "apply_accept_header",
"id": "15c17c2f-33e3-4c37-a262-04dfa49983a4",
"type": "out"
},
{
"name": "log_out_message",
"id": "d37dca41-c048-492a-82cf-9a2292c6fff0",
"type": "out"
}
]
}
curl -k -H "Authorization: Bearer 36a1644d-16c8-3f10-af2a-cedac82a6f21" https://localhost:9443/api/am/admin/v0.15/policies/mediation
| Type | Name | Description | Schema | Default |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Query |
limit optional |
Maximum size of resource array to return. |
Integer |
25 |
| Query |
offset optional |
Starting point within the complete list of items qualified. |
Integer |
0 |
| Query |
query optional |
-Not supported yet- |
String | |
| Header |
Accept optional |
Media types acceptable for the response. Default is application/json. |
String |
application/json |
| Header |
If-None-Match optional |
Validator for conditional requests; based on the ETag of the formerly retrieved variant of the resource (Will be supported in future). |
String |
| HTTP Code | Description | Schema |
|---|---|---|
200 |
OK. List of mediation policies is returned. |
mediationList |
304 |
Not Modified. Empty body because the client has already the latest version of the requested resource (Will be supported in future). |
|
406 |
Not Acceptable. The requested media type is not supported |
Error |
POST https://apis.wso2.com/api/am/admin/v0.15/policies/mediation
This operation can be used to add a new global mediation policy.
apim:mediation_policy_create
i
POST https://localhost:9443/api/am/admin/v0.15/policies/mediation
Content-Type: application/json
Authorization: Bearer 45c1e774-7d5a-3e2a-b76c-53f786efac6b
{
"name": "add_custom_header_fault",
"type": "fault",
"config": "<sequence xmlns=\"http://ws.apache.org/ns/synapse\" name=\"add_custom_header_fault\">\n <property name=\"CustomHeader\" scope=\"transport\" value=\"example\"/>\n<\/sequence>\n"
}
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Location: https://localhost:9443/api/am/admin/v0.15/registry/resource/_system/governance/apimgt/customsequences/fault/add_custom_header_fault.xml
Content-Type: application/json
{
"id": "2e5cebbb-e48c-4345-a912-1f0a2058aa05",
"name": "add_custom_header_fault",
"type": "fault",
"config": "<sequence xmlns=\"http://ws.apache.org/ns/synapse\" name=\"add_custom_header_fault\">\n <property name=\"CustomHeader\" scope=\"transport\" value=\"example\"/>\n<\/sequence>\n"
}
curl -k -H "Authorization: Bearer 45c1e774-7d5a-3e2a-b76c-53f786efac6b" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X POST -d @data.json "https://localhost:9443/api/am/admin/v0.15/policies/mediation"
| Type | Name | Description | Schema | Default |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body |
body required |
mediation policy to upload |
Mediation (Mediation) | |
| Header |
Content-Type required |
Media type of the entity in the body. Default is application/json. |
String |
application/json |
| Header |
If-Match optional |
Validator for conditional requests; based on ETag (Will be supported in future). |
String | |
| Header |
If-Unmodified-Since optional |
Validator for conditional requests; based on Last Modified header (Will be supported in future). |
String |
| HTTP Code | Description | Schema |
|---|---|---|
200 |
OK. Mediation policy added successfully. |
Mediation |
400 |
Bad Request. Invalid request or validation error. |
Error |
404 |
Not Found. The resource to be updated does not exist. |
Error |
412 |
Precondition Failed. The request has not been performed because one of the preconditions is not met (Will be supported in future). |
Error |


Class RobotObservedFaceEventArgs
Robot Observed Face Event Args
Namespace: Anki.Vector.Events
Assembly: Anki.Vector.dll
Syntax
public class RobotObservedFaceEventArgs : RobotEventArgs
Properties
| Improve this Doc View SourceExpression
Gets the facial expression Vector has recognized on the face.
public FacialExpression Expression { get; }
Property Type
| FacialExpression |
ExpressionValues
Gets individual expression values histogram, sums to 100
public IReadOnlyList<uint> ExpressionValues { get; }
Property Type
| IReadOnlyList<UInt32> |
FaceId
Gets the internal ID assigned to the face.
public int FaceId { get; }
Property Type
| Int32 |
ImageRect
Gets the image rectangle of the face.
public ImageRect ImageRect { get; }
Property Type
| ImageRect |
LeftEye
Gets points representing the outline of the left eye.
public IReadOnlyList<Point> LeftEye { get; }
Property Type
| IReadOnlyList<Point> |
Mouth
Gets points representing the outline of the mouth
public IReadOnlyList<Point> Mouth { get; }
Property Type
| IReadOnlyList<Point> |
Name
Gets the name Vector has associated with the face. Empty if face is not recognized or enrolled
public string Name { get; }
Property Type
| String |
Nose
Gets points representing the outline of the nose.
public IReadOnlyList<Point> Nose { get; }
Property Type
| IReadOnlyList<Point> |
Pose
Gets the location of the face
public Pose Pose { get; }
Property Type
| Pose |
RightEye
Gets points representing the outline of the right eye.
public IReadOnlyList<Point> RightEye { get; }
Property Type
| IReadOnlyList<Point> |
RobotTimestamp
Gets the robot timestamp of the event
public uint RobotTimestamp { get; }
Property Type
| UInt32 |


This prankster tricked people with life-sized AirPod stickers – Now you can too
by George StorrSocial media prankster, Pablo Rochat, used life-sized AirPod stickers to fool people into thinking they had dropped their real AirPods.
If you’ve used a pair of AirPods you’ll know that there are two reasons to get a pair. Firstly, for the sound quality and handiness of having no wired connection. Secondly, they’re a great buy if you really want to live in constant fear of dropping one of them down a drain while walking somewhere.
Rochat clearly picked up on this all-consuming fear and chose to terrorise AirPods users by placing these stickers in a whole lot of places people might think they’d dropped their AirPods.
Related: Apple AirPods Review
The stickers were very convincing and, as you can see from the images he Tweeted out, they must have fooled a few people. They’re the right size and design and, from a distance, it’s very hard to tell that they are 2D.
If you’re so inclined, (in this context ‘so inclined’ means ‘an evil tortured soul who wants to wreak havoc in the world’) you can pull this prank off too. You’ll be able to make use of the free templates that Rochat has provided online. Find the link below.
Just how many people walked past these and desperately checked their pockets? Or their ears? How many more fumbled around on the ground trying to pick them up, before feeling like complete idiots? We will never know.
One fan made in the point, in his reply on Twitter: “[I] don’t know what’s more evil. This prank or not providing us with the reaction videos.”
Back in August, Rochat had fun with another Apple product, implying that it heated up so much he was able to make popcorn with it. You can see the Tweet below.
Unlike other sites, we thoroughly review everything we recommend, using industry standard tests to evaluate products. We’ll always tell you what we find. We may get a commission if you buy via our price links. Tell us what you think – email the Editor


1. Download ElcomSoft Password Recovery Bundle
2. Open ElcomSoft Password Recovery Bundle and Browse for the password protected .rar extension file.
3. Select the attack meathod either Brute force attack or dictionery attack
4. In case of brute force attack,set minimum and maximum limit of password and also set the combination of password.(eg:a-z,A-Z,0-9 and special character)
5. In case of dictionery attack, provide the path of dictionery file.
6. After selecting a meathod click on start attack button.
1.Open the secured PDF file. You can use Adobe Acrobat to do this. You must be the creator of the document, or have the password for this method to work.
2.Click the Secure button. This button is located in the Tasks toolbar. It is easily identified by the padlock icon.
Choose the Remove Security option if you want to completely unsecure the PDF file. If you previously assigned a Permissions Password to the secure PDF file, you will have to enter it at this time to complete the process.
3.Change encryption settings. If you would rather adjust the encryption settings as opposed to unsecuring the PDF file, Click on the "Permission detail" link under the Secure button.
Click "Change settings" in Document properties under Security tab after selecting "Certificate security" in drop-down list. You may also click and select "No Security" from drop down list to fully unsecure document.
1.CloudCracker: A cloud based service for cracking WPA/WPA2 keys, CloudCracker offers brute force dictionary attacks against password hashes, wireless network keys and password protected documents, you could do this yourself in your computer but this service gives you access to an online cluster speeding up the process.
2.Download the latest versions of Foxit Reader and CutePDF Writer. These are both free programs. Foxit Reader will allow you to open the PDF file and write it to a PDF printer. CutePDF Writer is a PDF printer than bypasses security restrictions.
Trying this process using the Adobe reader and printer will result in the security preventing the writing process.Use Foxit Reader to open the secured PDF file. Select File, then Print to open the printer menu. Print the secured PDF file to CutePDF Writer.
Save the printed file to your computer as a new PDF file.Open your new file. You can check the security settings by clicking File, then Properties.The security settings are detailed under the Security tab.
3.http://www.password-online.com/index.php : Online password cracking website
4.PDFCrack is the best free PDF password recovery tool available, assuming that's what you're after - an actual password "recovery" and not a simple PDF password removal or reset.
Method: PDFCrack would be considered a true PDF password recovery program since it recovers both the user password and owner password from encrypted PDFs. PDFCrack uses a brute-force password recovery method.
© 2014 HaKTuts. All rights reserved.


Growing up, writing and music were my creative outlets. In college, I learned photography and found a passion for psychology and social sciences. I was enthralled with human behavior, our relationship to the world around us, and I loved finding ways to explore those connections.
Post-college, I applied that love to helping roles where I honed my customer service skills - actively listening and empathizing in order to root out core problems. Eventually I wanted to weave more creativity into my work, so I took up front end development at Skillcrush, and then a visual UX design apprenticeship at Bloc.
In the field of User Experience, I am at the intersection of my skills and interests at a time when knowledge and consideration of the end user is more important than ever. My favorite thing about UX is what I've enjoyed in all my creative pursuits - working through a process, gathering and analyzing raw information, and turning it into a product or experience that improves people's lives.
Want to know more or work with me? Contact me below.


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Across: 1. United chaos after dance number is stopped! (12) 8. Make use of some returning heat from fires I lit underground (7) 9. Is able to say goodbye in musical composition (7) 11. Gets away for priceless holidays? (6 4) 12. Tranquillity found in practical meditation (4) 14. Easily return American account to friend (8) 16. Humiliate named characters about the end of June (6) 17. Sign for ELO to reform? (3) 19. Oh dear! Ford is in a state! (6) 21. Nips back to diesel convertible that is missing axles (8) 24. Develop in Gateshead on-line (4) 25. Secret EU articles may be finished about the beginning of Christmas (10) 27. Split in the German boat! (7) 28. Move briskly after musical fighter – although this might slow one down (4 3) 29. Remy stitches new experimental outfit (9 3) Down: 1. Daughters stream into clubs (7) 2. The French leave swimmers to get chairs (10) 3. Brimming with flu, lover collapses! (8) 4. Mark’s visitor may be stranded without this (6) 5. Impossibility of getting on up twice! (2-2) 6. Issue article held by Alexa, possibly (7) 7. Energised swimmer, losing time, drove forward! (12) 10. Organise a dozen top cars to speed around junction (12) 13. Prince’s bad debts are really bad! (10) 15. Absolutely no interest in Anglesey u-turn (3) 18. Chose to detonate torpedo outside France (5 3) 20. Get rid of oil spilt quietly by sailor (7) 22. Youngster always allowed outside (7) 23. Captures one retreating, about to board vessel (6) 26. Small matter of one back examination (4)


Alistair Walsh
is about to be a PhD candidate at the University of Melbourne in
Australia. He holds an Honours Degree in Cognitive Neuroscience
and a BSc in Psychology/Psychophysiology, and has worked at the
Defence Science Technology Organisation in Adelaide and led a
research agreement between Swinburne University and the Land
Operations Division of the DSTO into the use of open source
biological sensors in human factors research. Alistair is the
co-ordinator of NeuralCode at Swinburne University, Hawthorn,
which is a resource for brain scientists to learn coding.
Instructor Trainer


Press n or j to go to the next uncovered block, b, p or k for the previous block.
| File | Statements | Branches | Functions | Lines | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| src |
|
0% | 0/108 | 0% | 0/26 | 0% | 0/38 | 0% | 0/107 |
| src/lua/bit |
|
0% | 0/46 | 0% | 0/10 | 0% | 0/9 | 0% | 0/38 |
| src/lua/call |
|
0% | 0/143 | 0% | 0/51 | 0% | 0/10 | 0% | 0/138 |
| src/resp/command |
|
0% | 0/309 | 0% | 0/95 | 0% | 0/22 | 0% | 0/297 |
| src/resp/command/db |
|
0% | 0/61 | 0% | 0/6 | 0% | 0/8 | 0% | 0/52 |
| src/resp/command/hash |
|
0% | 0/76 | 0% | 0/12 | 0% | 0/6 | 0% | 0/69 |
| src/resp/command/key |
|
0% | 0/224 | 0% | 0/49 | 0% | 0/23 | 0% | 0/201 |
| src/resp/command/list |
|
0% | 0/483 | 0% | 0/99 | 0% | 0/43 | 0% | 0/445 |
| src/resp/command/server |
|
0% | 0/163 | 0% | 0/26 | 0% | 0/23 | 0% | 0/147 |
| src/resp/command/set |
|
0% | 0/277 | 0% | 0/69 | 0% | 0/27 | 0% | 0/258 |
| src/resp/command/sset |
|
0% | 0/317 | 0% | 0/106 | 0% | 0/20 | 0% | 0/296 |
| src/resp/command/string |
|
0% | 0/211 | 0% | 0/58 | 0% | 0/21 | 0% | 0/193 |
| src/resp/data |
|
0% | 0/495 | 0% | 0/308 | 0% | 0/66 | 0% | 0/489 |
| src/resp/processor |
|
0% | 0/221 | 0% | 0/27 | 0% | 0/11 | 0% | 0/221 |
| src/resp/protocol |
|
0% | 0/87 | 0% | 0/17 | 0% | 0/21 | 0% | 0/86 |
| src/server |
|
0% | 0/228 | 0% | 0/23 | 0% | 0/75 | 0% | 0/224 |


| Constant | Type | Value |
CLIENT_SEND | string | "cs" |
The client sent ("cs") a request to a server. There is only one send per
span. For example, if there's a transport error, each attempt can be logged
as a WIRE_SEND annotation.
If chunking is involved, each chunk could be logged as a separate
CLIENT_SEND_FRAGMENT in the same span.
Annotation.host is not the server. It is the host which logged the send
event, almost always the client. When logging CLIENT_SEND, instrumentation
should also log the SERVER_ADDR.
|
CLIENT_RECV | string | "cr" |
The client received ("cr") a response from a server. There is only one
receive per span. For example, if duplicate responses were received, each
can be logged as a WIRE_RECV annotation.
If chunking is involved, each chunk could be logged as a separate
CLIENT_RECV_FRAGMENT in the same span.
Annotation.host is not the server. It is the host which logged the receive
event, almost always the client. The actual endpoint of the server is
recorded separately as SERVER_ADDR when CLIENT_SEND is logged.
|
SERVER_SEND | string | "ss" |
The server sent ("ss") a response to a client. There is only one response
per span. If there's a transport error, each attempt can be logged as a
WIRE_SEND annotation.
Typically, a trace ends with a server send, so the last timestamp of a trace
is often the timestamp of the root span's server send.
If chunking is involved, each chunk could be logged as a separate
SERVER_SEND_FRAGMENT in the same span.
Annotation.host is not the client. It is the host which logged the send
event, almost always the server. The actual endpoint of the client is
recorded separately as CLIENT_ADDR when SERVER_RECV is logged.
|
SERVER_RECV | string | "sr" |
The server received ("sr") a request from a client. There is only one
request per span. For example, if duplicate responses were received, each
can be logged as a WIRE_RECV annotation.
Typically, a trace starts with a server receive, so the first timestamp of a
trace is often the timestamp of the root span's server receive.
If chunking is involved, each chunk could be logged as a separate
SERVER_RECV_FRAGMENT in the same span.
Annotation.host is not the client. It is the host which logged the receive
event, almost always the server. When logging SERVER_RECV, instrumentation
should also log the CLIENT_ADDR.
|
MESSAGE_SEND | string | "ms" |
Message send ("ms") is a request to send a message to a destination, usually
a broker. This may be the only annotation in a messaging span. If WIRE_SEND
exists in the same span, it follows this moment and clarifies delays sending
the message, such as batching.
Unlike RPC annotations like CLIENT_SEND, messaging spans never share a span
ID. For example, "ms" should always be the parent of "mr".
Annotation.host is not the destination, it is the host which logged the send
event: the producer. When annotating MESSAGE_SEND, instrumentation should
also tag the MESSAGE_ADDR.
|
MESSAGE_RECV | string | "mr" |
A consumer received ("mr") a message from a broker. This may be the only
annotation in a messaging span. If WIRE_RECV exists in the same span, it
precedes this moment and clarifies any local queuing delay.
Unlike RPC annotations like SERVER_RECV, messaging spans never share a span
ID. For example, "mr" should always be a child of "ms" unless it is a root
span.
Annotation.host is not the broker, it is the host which logged the receive
event: the consumer. When annotating MESSAGE_RECV, instrumentation should
also tag the MESSAGE_ADDR.
|
WIRE_SEND | string | "ws" |
Optionally logs an attempt to send a message on the wire. Multiple wire send
events could indicate network retries. A lag between client or server send
and wire send might indicate queuing or processing delay.
|
WIRE_RECV | string | "wr" |
Optionally logs an attempt to receive a message from the wire. Multiple wire
receive events could indicate network retries. A lag between wire receive
and client or server receive might indicate queuing or processing delay.
|
CLIENT_SEND_FRAGMENT | string | "csf" |
Optionally logs progress of a (CLIENT_SEND, WIRE_SEND). For example, this
could be one chunk in a chunked request.
|
CLIENT_RECV_FRAGMENT | string | "crf" |
Optionally logs progress of a (CLIENT_RECV, WIRE_RECV). For example, this
could be one chunk in a chunked response.
|
SERVER_SEND_FRAGMENT | string | "ssf" |
Optionally logs progress of a (SERVER_SEND, WIRE_SEND). For example, this
could be one chunk in a chunked response.
|
SERVER_RECV_FRAGMENT | string | "srf" |
Optionally logs progress of a (SERVER_RECV, WIRE_RECV). For example, this
could be one chunk in a chunked request.
|
HTTP_HOST | string | "http.host" |
The domain portion of the URL or host header. Ex. "mybucket.s3.amazonaws.com"
Used to filter by host as opposed to ip address.
|
HTTP_METHOD | string | "http.method" |
The HTTP method, or verb, such as "GET" or "POST".
Used to filter against an http route.
|
HTTP_PATH | string | "http.path" |
The absolute http path, without any query parameters. Ex. "/objects/abcd-ff"
Used as a filter or to clarify the request path for a given route. For example, the path for
a route "/objects/:objectId" could be "/objects/abdc-ff". This does not limit cardinality like
HTTP_ROUTE("http.route") can, so is not a good input to a span name.
The Zipkin query api only supports equals filters. Dropping query parameters makes the number
of distinct URIs less. For example, one can query for the same resource, regardless of signing
parameters encoded in the query line. Dropping query parameters also limits the security impact
of this tag.
Historical note: This was commonly expressed as "http.uri" in zipkin, even though it was most
|
HTTP_ROUTE | string | "http.route" |
The route which a request matched or "" (empty string) if routing is supported, but there was no
match. Ex "/users/{userId}"
Unlike HTTP_PATH("http.path"), this value is fixed cardinality, so is a safe input to a span
name function or a metrics dimension. Different formats are possible. For example, the following
are all valid route templates: "/users" "/users/:userId" "/users/*"
Route-based span name generation often uses other tags, such as HTTP_METHOD("http.method") and
HTTP_STATUS_CODE("http.status_code"). Route-based names can look like "get /users/{userId}",
"post /users", "get not_found" or "get redirected".
|
HTTP_URL | string | "http.url" |
The entire URL, including the scheme, host and query parameters if available. Ex.
"https://mybucket.s3.amazonaws.com/objects/abcd-ff?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256..."
Combined with HTTP_METHOD, you can understand the fully-qualified request line.
This is optional as it may include private data or be of considerable length.
|
HTTP_STATUS_CODE | string | "http.status_code" |
The HTTP status code, when not in 2xx range. Ex. "503"
Used to filter for error status.
|
HTTP_REQUEST_SIZE | string | "http.request.size" |
The size of the non-empty HTTP request body, in bytes. Ex. "16384"
Large uploads can exceed limits or contribute directly to latency.
|
HTTP_RESPONSE_SIZE | string | "http.response.size" |
The size of the non-empty HTTP response body, in bytes. Ex. "16384"
Large downloads can exceed limits or contribute directly to latency.
|
LOCAL_COMPONENT | string | "lc" |
The value of "lc" is the component or namespace of a local span.
BinaryAnnotation.host adds service context needed to support queries.
Local Component("lc") supports three key features: flagging, query by
service and filtering Span.name by namespace.
While structurally the same, local spans are fundamentally different than
RPC spans in how they should be interpreted. For example, zipkin v1 tools
center on RPC latency and service graphs. Root local-spans are neither
indicative of critical path RPC latency, nor have impact on the shape of a
service graph. By flagging with "lc", tools can special-case local spans.
Zipkin v1 Spans are unqueryable unless they can be indexed by service name.
The only path to a service name is by (Binary)?Annotation.host.serviceName.
By logging "lc", a local span can be queried even if no other annotations
are logged.
The value of "lc" is the namespace of Span.name. For example, it might be
"finatra2", for a span named "bootstrap". "lc" allows you to resolves
conflicts for the same Span.name, for example "finatra/bootstrap" vs
"finch/bootstrap". Using local component, you'd search for spans named
"bootstrap" where "lc=finch"
|
ERROR | string | "error" |
When an annotation value, this indicates when an error occurred. When a
binary annotation key, the value is a human readable message associated
with an error.
Due to transient errors, an ERROR annotation should not be interpreted
as a span failure, even the annotation might explain additional latency.
Instrumentation should add the ERROR binary annotation when the operation
failed and couldn't be recovered.
Here's an example: A span has an ERROR annotation, added when a WIRE_SEND
failed. Another WIRE_SEND succeeded, so there's no ERROR binary annotation
on the span because the overall operation succeeded.
Note that RPC spans often include both client and server hosts: It is
possible that only one side perceived the error.
|
CLIENT_ADDR | string | "ca" |
Indicates a client address ("ca") in a span. Most likely, there's only one.
Multiple addresses are possible when a client changes its ip or port within
a span.
|
SERVER_ADDR | string | "sa" |
Indicates a server address ("sa") in a span. Most likely, there's only one.
Multiple addresses are possible when a client is redirected, or fails to a
different server ip or port.
|
MESSAGE_ADDR | string | "ma" |
Indicates the remote address of a messaging span, usually the broker.
|


The Friends:Message_Folders function is part of the Private Messaging system and allows you to display a list of all the logged in user's Message folders (Inbox, Sent, etc). These folders would then link to a template with the Friends:Messages loop in it to display a list of messages.
{exp:friends:message_folders} content {/exp:friends:message_folders}
It's available as a variable pair as well, which is great for use when placing it in a template with the Messages loop in it. One thing to know is that this variable pair takes an untraditional approach, and is used OUTSIDE of any EE or Friends module tag. The advantage to using this variable pair is better performance.
{friends_message_folders} content {/friends_message_folders}
Variables
The following variables are available for use:
- friends_message_folder
- friends_message_folder_id
- friends_message_folder_read_count
- friends_message_folder_selected
- friends_message_folder_total
- friends_message_folder_unread_count
friends_message_folder
{friends_message_folder}
This variable outputs the name of the message folder (Inbox, Sent, etc).
friends_message_folder_id
{friends_message_folder_id}
This variable outputs the ID of the message folder.
friends_message_folder_read_count
{friends_message_folder_read_count}
This variable outputs the total amount of read messages for each message folder.
friends_message_folder_selected
{friends_message_folder_selected}
This variable parses as selected="selected" for the folder that's being currently viewed and is ONLY available in the variable pair version of this function ({friends_message_folders}{/friends_message_folders}). You'll typically be using this in a form pulldown list in your Messages template. When you have /folder/FOLDER_ID/ in the URI, the variable pair will detect that automatically (see example).
friends_message_folder_total
{friends_message_folder_total}
This variable outputs the total amount of messages for each message folder.
friends_message_folder_unread_count
{friends_message_folder_unread_count}
This variable outputs the total amount of unread messages for each message folder.
Examples
The example code below will output a list of all message folders available to the user:
<ul> {exp:friends:message_folders} <li> <a href="{path='friends/messages'}/folder/{friends_message_folder_id}/"> {friends_message_folder} ({friends_message_folder_total}) </a> - ({friends_message_folder_unread_count} Unread) </li> {/exp:friends:message_folders} </ul>
When you’re linking the folders to a template with the Friends:Messages loop, you’ll typically build the links in this manner: http://www.yoursite.com/friends/messages/folder/FOLDER_ID/
Below is an example of how use of the variable pair version might look when using in your Messages template:
<p> Move Selected Messages to <select name="friends_message_folder_id"> {friends_message_folders} <option value="{friends_message_folder_id}" {friends_message_folder_selected}> {friends_message_folder} </option> {/friends_message_folders} </select> <input type="submit" name="submit" value="Move" /> </p>


On Meat
By Barry
Turducken turkey leberkas, short loin meatball tenderloin chicken fatback ham hock cupim. Filet mignon salami tenderloin turducken meatloaf sausage brisket short loin pork swine venison ribeye frankfurter. Filet mignon ground round doner tri-tip pork belly jowl. Ham pork landjaeger tenderloin ham hock cow pork loin corned beef tail andouille fatback filet mignon.   Pork loin leberkas frankfurter pancetta.
Flank andouille strip steak, drumstick short ribs t-bone filet mignon capicola. Filet mignon turkey ball tip frankfurter leberkas salami sirloin tri-tip. Pork loin short ribs filet mignon, pork belly sirloin rump turducken. Tongue sirloin ball tip beef ham. Cow capicola biltong drumstick hamburger ham hock sirloin short loin ribeye ball tip meatloaf. Landjaeger capicola cupim pork t-bone biltong tenderloin leberkas chicken alcatra fatback ham hock. Jerky corned beef ball tip fatback ribeye shankle kevin porchetta chicken, venison beef ribs ham sirloin short ribs.
Sausage pork chop beef ribs landjaeger ball tip ham short ribs capicola chicken ground round. Alcatra short ribs strip steak ham hock filet mignon t-bone. Filet mignon beef flank, tongue ribeye rump doner strip steak. Swine drumstick meatball, rump ribeye shoulder corned beef short loin kevin porchetta ground round pork loin ham hock tenderloin. Frankfurter drumstick sausage, prosciutto alcatra pork picanha chicken short ribs pork loin ribeye bresaola. Strip steak meatball pork belly short ribs cow ribeye kevin ham biltong doner. Venison beef tail porchetta pastrami.


Summary
This section describes the issue of escalating privileges from one stage to another. During this phase, the tester should verify that it is not possible for a user to modify his or her privileges or roles inside the application in ways that could allow privilege escalation attacks.
Privilege escalation occurs when a user gets access to more resources or functionality than they are normally allowed, and such elevation or changes should have been prevented by the application. This is usually caused by a flaw in the application. The result is that the application performs actions with more privileges than those intended by the developer or system administrator.
The degree of escalation depends on what privileges the attacker is authorized to possess, and what privileges can be obtained in a successful exploit. For example, a programming error that allows a user to gain extra privilege after successful authentication limits the degree of escalation, because the user is already authorized to hold some privilege. Likewise, a remote attacker gaining superuser privilege without any authentication presents a greater degree of escalation.
Usually, people refer to vertical escalation when it is possible to access resources granted to more privileged accounts (e.g., acquiring administrative privileges for the application), and to horizontal escalation when it is possible to access resources granted to a similarly configured account (e.g., in an online banking application, accessing information related to a different user).
How to test
Testing for role/privilege manipulation
In every portion of the application where a user can create information in the database (e.g., making a payment, adding a contact, or sending a message), can receive information (statement of account, order details, etc.), or delete information (drop users, messages, etc.), it is necessary to record that functionality. The tester should try to access such functions as another user in order to verify if it is possible to access a function that should not be permitted by the user's role/privilege (but might be permitted as another user).
Manipulation of user group
For example:
The following HTTP POST allows the user that belongs to grp001 to access order #0001:
POST /user/viewOrder.jsp HTTP/1.1
Host: www.example.com
...
groupID=grp001&orderID=0001
Verify if a user that does not belong to grp001 can modify the value of the parameters ‘groupID’ and ‘orderID’ to gain access to that privileged data
.
Manipulation of user profile
For example:
The following server's answer shows a hidden field in the HTML returned to the user after a successful authentication.
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Netscape-Enterprise/6.0
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2006 13:51:20 GMT
Set-Cookie: USER=aW78ryrGrTWs4MnOd32Fs51yDqp; path=/; domain=www.example.com
Set-Cookie: SESSION=k+KmKeHXTgDi1J5fT7Zz; path=/; domain= www.example.com
Cache-Control: no-cache
Pragma: No-cache
Content-length: 247
Content-Type: text/html
Expires: Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT
Connection: close
<form name="autoriz" method="POST" action = "visual.jsp">
<input type="hidden" name="profile" value="SysAdmin">
<body onload="document.forms.autoriz.submit()">
</td>
</tr>
What if the tester modifies the value of the variable "profile" to "SysAdmin"? Is it possible to become administrator?
Manipulation of condition value
For example:
In an environment where the server sends an error message contained as a value in a specific parameter in a set of answer codes, as the following:
@0`1`3`3``0`UC`1`Status`OK`SEC`5`1`0`ResultSet`0`PVValid`-1`0`0` Notifications`0`0`3`Command Manager`0`0`0` StateToolsBar`0`0`0`
StateExecToolBar`0`0`0`FlagsToolBar`0
The server gives an implicit trust to the user. It believes that the user will answer with the above message closing the session.
In this condition, verify that it is not possible to escalate privileges by modifying the parameter values. In this particular example, by modifying the `PVValid` value from '-1' to '0' (no error conditions), it may be possible to authenticate as administrator to the server.
Manipulation of IP Address
Some webistes uses IP address to limit the access or count the number of error login based on IP address.
For example:
X-Forwarded-For: <IP_ADDRESS>
In this case, if the website uses the value of 'X-forwarded-For' as client IP address, tester may change the IP value of the 'X-forwarded-For' HTTP header to workaround the IP source identification.
URL Traversal
Try to traverse the website and check if some of pages that may miss the authorization check.
For example:
/../.././userInfo.html
WhiteBox
If the URL authorization check is only done by partial URL match, then it's likely testers or hackers may workaround the authorization by URL encoding techniques.
For example:
startswith(), endswith(), contains(), indexOf()
Weak SessionID
Weak Session ID has algorithm may be vulnerable to brute Force attack. For example, one website is using MD5 (Password + UserID) as sessionID. Then, testers may guess or generate the sessionID for other users.
References
Whitepapers
Tools


Hi this is Rebecca's page Go Home
Hi everyone, I am Rebecca Zumaeta.
I plan on graduating with my bachelors in Computer Science in May and continue my educational journey by attending graduate school in the fall. During my free time I like to watch youtube and anime, listen to music, research computer parts, draw and craft, play video games and hang out with friends. If you would like to be friends feel free to reach out! I am looking forward to be learning with you all this semester!


Referendum: Rev Owusu Bempah Campaigns For ‘YES’ Vote
by Peace FM OnlineThe founder and leader of Glorious Word Power Ministry International, Rev Isaac Owusu Bempah is likely to vote ‘Yes’ in the impending December referendum.
The controversial man of God in an interview with NEAT FM’s morning show ‘Ghana Montie’ noted that government's stance on the referendum is what must be preached to the public .
He was unhappy with the NDC’s sudden 'U-turn' on the referendum considering the fact that they had all this while been cooperating constructively with the government and other stakeholders to campaign for a 'Yes' vote.
“I was informed that the NDC agreed to vote for ‘Yes’. I don’t know why they have changed their mind,” he said.
Listen to interview below . . .
Featured Video


Chocolate Pizza
POSTED ON 15 DEC 2013/ DESSERTS
For the fig-swirl: Melt butter over medium heat in a saucepan. Add brown sugar and stir to dissolve. Halve all of the figs and toss in the saucepan with water and lemon juice. Cook over medium heat, stirring frequently, until you have a chunky-jammy mixture. Add salt with one or two stirs, set aside and let cool completely.
Ice cream: Ina a small pot over medium heat, combine milk, and granulated sugar until the sugar is completely dissolved and the milk is jut barely lukewarm. Whisk in the egg yolks. Set mixture in the fridge and wait until the fig mixture is cooled.
Using an ice cream machine, pour liquids into the frozen basin and process according to manufacturer instructions, i.e., let spin and thicken for 20 minutes before adding a marscarpone, fig jam mixture, and the nuts. Continue to process for +/- 10 minutes. Pour semi-frozen mixture into a pyrex dish or glass tupperware. Freeze for at least two hours before serving.
-
-
-
1 cup honey roasted pecans, roughly
chopped


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## State One of the more powerful aspects of react is the ability to add, edit and delete what is called the `state` in react. A overview of the state is available [here](https://codeburst.io/props-and-state-in-react-native-explained-in-simple-english-8ea73b1d224e) and [here](https://medium.com/the-andela-way/understanding-the-fundamentals-of-state-in-react-79c711be677f). ### Define the state Let's take a look at the below code, something new here is the `this.state`. What we are doing here is defining the state for the component to use. ``` Class Test extends React.Component { constructor() { super(); this.state = { name: 'frank' } } render() { return (
{this.state.name}
) } } ``` --- ## State Part 2 In the last step we looked at setting up the `state` and printing the value we setup as a default. ### Mutating the state the state in react can be mutated, which means we can change the `name:frank` to anything else we want via the function `this.setState()`. Let's look at how we implement ``` Class Test extends React.Component { constructor() { super(); this.state { name: 'frank' } } componentDidMount() { this.setState({ name: "Sussy" }) } render() { return (
{this.state.name}
) } } ``` --- ## State Part 3 In the last step we looked at mutating the set, meaning changing a default value that we had set. When we run this app the change will happen so fast it will look like the name was always set to sussy. However we can tie `events` to the `setState` function. I order to do that we would change our code to something like: ``` Class Test extends React.Component { constructor() { super(); this.state { name: 'frank' } this.changeName = this.changeName.bind(this); } changeName() { this.setState({ name: "Sussy" }) } render() { return (
{this.state.name}
Change name
) } } ``` --- ## State Part 4 So a few new things our happening here, one: is the `this.changeName = this.changeName.bind(this)` this line is used for allowing the `changeName` function to be used within our render. Two: is the `onClick` we have attached to the `
`. This is a JS method that we are allowed calling on any HTML element, it is fired when the user click on that element. If you want to see exactly what is happening here throw some `console.logs()` in each method. ``` Class Test extends React.Component { constructor() { super(); this.state { name: 'frank' } this.changeName = this.changeName.bind(this); console.log("constructor"); } changeName() { this.setState({ name: "Sussy" }) console.log("changeName") } render() { console.log("Render") return (
{this.state.name}
Change name
) } } ``` The output for something like this should be: 1. constructor 2. Render 3. ** AFTER CLICK ** 4. ChangeName 5. Render --- ## React State Before moving on to the next section try and complete exercices 5 [here](/react-course/exercices/exercices-5.html#1) and 6 [here](/react-course/exercices/exercices-6.html#1)


Functions
The following functions are available globally.
-
Run backgoundClosure async in global queue, then completionClosure async in main queue
Declaration
Swift
public func asyncGlobal (_ backgroundClosure: @escaping () -> Void, _ completionClosure: @escaping (() -> Void) )
Parameters
backgroundClosure
payload closure
completionClosure
completion closure
-
Run backgoundClosure async in global queue
Declaration
Swift
public func asyncGlobal (_ backgroundClosure: @escaping () -> Void)
Parameters
backgroundClosure
payload closure
-
Run backgoundClosure async in global queue, then calls completionClosure async in main queue with result of backgroundClosure
Declaration
Swift
public func asyncGlobal<R> (_ backgroundClosure: @escaping () -> R, _ completionClosure: @escaping ((_ result: R) -> Void) )
Parameters
backgroundClosure
payload closure with result
completionClosure
completion closure with parameter
-
Run backgoundClosure sync in main queue
Declaration
Swift
public func syncMain (_ backgroundClosure: @escaping () -> Void )
Parameters
backgroundClosure
<#backgroundClosure description#>
-
Run backgoundClosure async in main queue, then calls completionClosure
Declaration
Swift
public func asyncMain (_ backgroundClosure: @escaping () -> Void, _ completionClosure: @escaping (() -> Void) )
Parameters
backgroundClosure
payload closure
completionClosure
completion closure
-
Run backgoundClosure async in main queue
Declaration
Swift
public func asyncMain (_ backgroundClosure: @escaping () -> Void )
Parameters
backgroundClosure
payload closure
-
Run backgoundClosure async in main queue, then calls completionClosure with result of backgroundClosure
Declaration
Swift
public func asyncMain<R> (_ backgroundClosure: @escaping () -> R, _ completionClosure: @escaping ((_ result: R) -> Void) )
Parameters
backgroundClosure
payload closure with result
completionClosure
completion closure with parameter
-
Brackets call of closure in objc_sync_enter and objc_sync_exit calls, assotiated with object
Declaration
Swift
public func syncCritical(_ object: Any, _ closure: () -> Void)
Parameters
object
Object used as lock souorce
closure
Closure to execute while lock is active
-
Executes right part with left part as an argument, returns retult of execution (not Optional)
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public func --> <T, U>(left: T, right: (T) -> U) -> U
Parameters
left
Source value
right
Closue to execute
Return Value
Result of left closure
-
Executes right part with left part as an argument, returns retult of execution (Optional)
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public func --> <T, U>(left: T?, right: (T?) -> U?) -> U?
Parameters
left
Source value
right
Closue to execute
Return Value
Result of left closure
-
Executes right part with left part as an argument, returns left part (not Optional)
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public func --> <T>(left: T, right: (T) -> Void) -> T
Parameters
left
Source value
right
Closue to execute
Return Value
Result of left closure
-
Executes right part with left part as an argument, returns left part (Optional)
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public func --> <T>(left: T?, right: (T?) -> Void) -> T?
Parameters
left
Source value
right
Closue to execute
Return Value
Result of left closure
-
Log message to console with specified level
Declaration
Swift
public func CNLLog(_ message: CustomStringConvertible, level: CNLLogLevel)
Parameters
message
Message to log
level
Log level
-
Log messages to console with specified level
Declaration
Swift
public func CNLLog(_ messages: [CustomStringConvertible], level: CNLLogLevel, separator: String? = nil)
Parameters
messages
Array of messages to log
level
Log level
separator
Optional separator string


(Route : CIX Forums Menu, File List Command)
This tab page shows a list of the files that are available for download from this CIX forum topic.
This is a Hot Spot image. Move your mouse pointer over the image
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There are two or three tab pages on this dialog. The File List tab page shows the files that are available for download from the current forum topic. The Directory tab page shows all the files that are in the file directory for the forum topic. Not all of these files will be shown in the file list and you will only see this tab if you are the moderator of the selected forum. The Previous Downloads tab page shows the list of files that you have downloaded from this forum topic in the past.
Note that these lists are only as up-to-date as the last time they were retrieved from CIX Forums. To refresh the lists, click the Update button.
To download a file from the file list, go to the File List tab page and highlight the file you wish to retrieve, then click the Download button. You will see the File Download dialog box confirming the details of the file you wish to download. If these are correct click the OK button to retrieve the file the next time Ameol connects to CIX Forums.
If you want to search the file list, click the Find button.


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--- layout: post status: publish published: true title: 'Bible Study Tip: How To Use Cross References' author: Ryan Hayden wordpress_id: 1553 wordpress: 1553 date: '2014-01-14 07:55:11 -0600' date_gmt: '2014-01-14 13:55:11 -0600' categories: - Uncategorized tags: [] ---
For most pastors who read this blog, this is probably beyond basic, but here is a video where I explain cross-references and show you how to use Blueletterbible.org to easily add them to a Sunday School Lesson or Sermon.
Below is a loose transcript:
Hi, Pastor Hayden here again from Bible Baptist Church, I want to take a few minutes and show you another quick technique that will help you with your personal Bible Study.
A lot of people equate Bible study with commentaries - books written by preachers and theologians that comments on and explains the Bible. Commentaries are great, I've got a lot of them and I use a lot of them. But there are two things about commentaries that I don't like -
an author is saying, it helps to read that author's other books. We should do the same thing when we struggle to understand the Holy Spirit's inspired writings. To put it as the Bible puts it, we should be "comparing spiritual things with spiritual."
So, how do you do that?
One way to do that is to study the Bible constantly and comprehensively till you have such a grasp of the whole thing that you can always remember other parts you've read. Sound hard to you? Me too.
A far easier way to do it is with "cross references."
If you were to open your Bible and look down the center column, between the two sets of verses, you'd most likely see a bunch of scripture references. Those are cross references, and that's a great place to start.
But, publishers can only put so many cross references in that tiny space between the columns in your Bible. I want to show you a simpler, and much more comprehensive source of cross references.
A long time ago, I found this old book called "The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge." It's a huge book, and you open it up and it's got tiny, tight print. But it's a book that boasts having over 350,000 cross references. That means for every verse in the Bible, there are more than a dozen cross-references.
R.A. Torrey, one of the great Bible teaching preachers from the early 1900s said that of all the Bible study tools available, none was more important or more useful than the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge.
So when I first got my Treasury of Scripture knowledge, I'd open up the book, find the passage I was studying, and write down all of those tiny cross references, then I'd open up my Bible, or even multiple Bibles so I could read all of the references. It took a lot of time.
I don't even own a copy of the treasury of scripture knowledge anymore, and it takes me a fraction of the time to look up cross-references. Why? Because of a web site I've already showed you called "Blue Letter Bible."
Let me show you how to do a word study with Blue Letter Bible.
Let's click on cross references.
You'l notice that the verse is broken into phrases, and that underneath that phrase are a bunch of verses.
There you go. The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge cross references in about 1/100th of the work.
Let me show you one more trick. Next to each verse (and this goes with the regular verse view also) you'll see a little box. You can go through the whole list and click to check the box of each verse you want to use.
Then go to the top of the site and click the copy button.
Now, you can copy all of those verses into microsoft word, pages, or whatever other app you use that takes text.
This is an awesome trick that saves me tons of time and helps me study the Bible better. So I just wanted to share it with you.


To connect to an information model
1 Select File > Connect to server.
The Service Manager dialog box appears.
2 Next to the Repository field, click the browse button (...).
A standard browse dialog box appears.
3 Browse to the directory containing your information model repository.
4 Click OK.
The Service Manager displays the models in the repository.
The Service Manager icons and their descriptions are:
|
Icon |
Description |
|
|
An information model repository. |
|
|
An information model. |
|
|
An inactive model version. |
|
|
A model version started from the model browser. |
|
|
A model version started from the administration client. |
5 Select the model version you want to connect to.
6 If necessary, start the selected version by clicking Start. If the selected version is already running, proceed to step 7.
The model starts, indicated by a green document icon ().
Note: The Service Manager dialog box does not automatically refresh the status of model versions that may have been changed from another model browser or the administration client. To refresh model status, click Refresh.
7 To open the model for browsing, click Browse.
The information model appears in the model browser.