calc_jre
Grammar
JJ_re = calc_jre( AA, joints )
Global variables
J_type,
num_q, Ez
Explanation
Function which calculates the rotational components of Jacobian matrix of end point specified by "joints".
Details
In general, the linear and angular velocities of an end point are obtained from the following equation.
| [ |
| vh | |
] = Js*[ |
| v0 | |
] + Jbm*qd |
| | wh | |
| w0 | |
Js,JbmFJacobian matrices of the base and end point.
Jacobian matrix can be devided into translational and rotational components.
Let translational components be JJ_te, and rotational components be JJ_re,
Jacobian is expressed as follows.
"calc_jre" calculates JJ_re of a specified end point .
The size of JJ_re is 3 by length(joints).
Suppose "joints" is set to the following.
joints = [ 1 2 4 6 7 ]
Then, JJ_re becomes
| JJ_re = [ |
| 3~1 | |
| 3~1 | |
| 3~1 | |
| 3~1 | |
| 3~1 | |
] |
| | JJ_re1 | |
| JJ_re2 | |
| JJ_re4 | |
| JJ_re6 | |
| JJ_re7 | |


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|
Final-Project-Group9
2.o
This is final project for course ENPM809Y
|
#include "src/LandBasedWheeled/LandBasedWheeled.h"
#include "src/LandBasedTracked/LandBasedTracked.h"
#include "src/LandBasedRobot/LandBasedRobot.h"
#include "src/Algorithm/Algorithm.h"
#include "src/Maze/MAZE.h"
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
Functions | |
| void | FollowActionPath (fp::LandBasedRobot *robot, const std::vector< std::string > &vec, std::string obj) |
| int | main () |
| Main function. More... | |
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This C++ program is kind of a test file where prototyped definitions of class can take solid action. So here have included all the header files which basically contains functions for the main.cpp to work.
| void FollowActionPath | ( | fp::LandBasedRobot * | robot, |
| const std::vector< std::string > & | vec, | ||
| std::string | obj | ||
| ) |
| int main | ( | ) |
Main function.
| No | arguments |
| No | Arguments |
The purpose of this method is currently to test whether all classes of this program are being included and implemented. The header files contains the definitions and prototypes whereas the .cpp files contains the implementations of the functions. LandBasedRobot is the base class from which LandBasedtracked and LandBasedWheeled are derived a spart of inheritance. Heirarchical Inheritance is followed where our two classes are derived from one base class. The derived classes inherits the properties, attributes and functions of the base class.


This has to be one of most favorite reads ever. It is a series of seven fantasy novels written by British Author J.K. Rowling. The book is about a boy who loses his family when he is still a toddler. The book is about his life after learning that he comes from a family that practices magic. He is enrolled at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. The novels chronicles the lives of the young wizard, Harry Potter, and his friends Hermoine Granger and Ron Weasley. The novels have been made into an 8 part series. The script for the series has very few deviations from the books therefore if reading isn't your forte, then Warner Bros has got you covered.
This is a book by Mary Higgins Clark. The book is about Elizabeth Lange who is haunted by the loss of her sister, Leila, who died mysteriously. Invited to Cypress Point Spa by a friend, she finds herself confronted by a cast of characters who all had motives for the killing. She quickly discovers her own life may also be under threat. This is a must-read for mystery lovers.
This is an emotional book by John Green.
It's about teens fighting cancer. To read more about it, check this link
Visit sparknotes
The novels are written by Lauren Kate. The series is a young adult, fantasy, paranormal romance published in 2009 under Delacorte Press. The novel revolves around a young girl named Lucinda "Luce" Price who is sent to Sword & Cross Reform School in Savannah, Georgia, after she is accused of murdering a boy by starting a fire.  The book revolves mostly around the concept of religion, fallen angels and reincarnation.


Date: 17 Feb, 2015
Our aim is to share all the best culinary traditions with every our customer through what they see, smell and taste. What's why our team is the best in the industry.


Propagate and compare heliocentric planetary ephemeris data from old and new versions of The Aerospace Corporation's astronomical library, AstroLib.
Accomplishments
Developed a benchmark program (in C) to test the validity of planetary information given various input dates.
Compared information with the USNO Astronomical Almanac to identify discrepancies in an unreleased update of AstroLib.
Impact
Error identification allowed AstroLib developers to update library to accurately represent planetary data.
Benchmark testing will verify correct data for future versions, ensuring valid planetary data for development and analysis of interplanetary trajectories.
Launch Vehicle Limit Data Processing
Task
Process, filter, and manipulate limit data for launch vehicle parameters.
Identify and organize all unique parameters.
Accomplishments
Automated launch vehicle limit data processing in Excel using VBA.
Created identification and organization system for launch vehicle parameters.
Impact
Significantly expedited the limit data extraction process for launch vehicle analysis.
Program allows fast identification of faulty launch parameter data.
Summary of Side Tasks
GPS Civil Performance Monitor Website
Converted an old internal GPS monitoring website to a Wordpress equivalent to match company web publishing standards.
Software Systems Department Website
Organized and updated my department's webpage.
STARBurst Data Review
Analyzed code and corresponding output to identify bugs.
Successfully identified cause of bugs for the developer to fix.
Automate processing of proposal submissions for the new IR&D project evaluation system.
Accomplishments
Automated the extraction of information from submitted proposals (Word Documents) and output the data to summarized Excel spreadsheets.
Organized the spreadsheets into a specified filesystem location.
Impact
Expedited the proposal processing system to ensure timely completion towards the end of the fiscal year.
Created basis for automated proposal processing for future years.
Program allows for quick identification of project proposal status and scores.
Android Device Research and Testing
Task
Research and experiment with Wi-Fi Direct technology to test connectivity between Android devices.
Accomplishments
Installed Wi-Fi Direct onto multiple Android devices and tested interconnectivity.
Identified issues with connectivity of more than two devices.
Impact
Discovered the unreliability of the Android/Wi-Fi Direct technology for military field use.
Launch Data Display Panel
Task
Create an HTML panel to display live launch vehicle telemetry during launches.
Accomplishments
Created multiple launch vehicle telemetry panels using HTML/CSS.
Impact
Allows user to view important launch vehicle telemetry in an organized panel.
Erradic launch vehicle data can easily be identified during live launches.
Helium Techincal Research Paper
Task
Research and document findings on the current helium shortage.
Identify and recommend options that Aerospace can implement to minimize the impacts of the helium shortage on the EELV program.
Accomplishments
Researched helium, its uses, and the current and potential impacts of the worsening helium shortage.
Co-authored a 10-page technical paper on the helium shortage and actions that should be taken to minimize the impacts on EELV.
Impact
Alerted the United States Air Force and The Aerospace Corporation of the importance of helium and the potential impacts on the space industry's future.
Create a visual simulation of the Software Acquisition Department's code review process.
Accomplishments
Developed a simple visual simulation of the software development review process using ExtendSim.
Created a more detailed and accurate simulation model using Python.
Impact
Analysis of the software development review process helped identify limiting factors.
Helped increase the efficiency of the department's collaborative coding process.
Java7/MATLAB System Testing
Task
Test the installation and execution of CAE programs through Aerospace's secure installation utility on systems upgraded to Java 7.
Create benchmark testing scripts for various MATLAB versions to test all subscribed toolboxes.
Accomplishments
Successfully installed and executed all CAE programs on Java7 systems.
Developed benchmark testing scripts to test MATLAB toolboxes on various versions and various operating systems.
Impact
Confirmed the successful operation of essential CAE applications on upgraded machines before other computers were updated.
IR&D Financial Data Analysis
Task
Create scripts for upper management to automate the output of graphic representations of financial data for company funded projects.
Accomplishments
Developed Excel macros in VBA to extract important financial data from ATIP workbooks and output generated trend charts based on data for various projects.
Impact
Enhanced financial data analysis for company project funding to improve budgeting.
Generated useful project information for upper management evaluation of projects.
Design and create an interactive touchscreen application to display launch data for various launch vehicles in a timeline format.
Accomplishments
Developed a touchscreen application in Java using the JavaFX library.
Program obtains launch vehicle data from Aerospace Corporation servers and displays an interactive timeline of U.S. launches.
Impact
Depicts higher launch vehicle success rate with Aerospace launch certification.
Program runs on an 80" touchscreen display for Aerospace executives to interact with.
IR&D Financial Data Calculations
Task
Update my scripts from previous year to display more graphical information and calculated budget analysis.
Accomplishments
Added script functionality to calculate linear projections for project budgets and output financial data for evaluation by project managers.
Created additional scripts to support data analysis for projects funded by various company sectors.
Impact
Further enhanced financial data analysis for company project funding.
Calculated data to update project managers on their current spending status and projected linear spend lines to help keep projects on budget.
Battery Testing Data Parsing
Task
Assist in the creation of a GUI application that can open, read, edit, and create battery test files (XML).
Accomplishments
Created Java functions to parse XML file data and allow data editing by battery testing engineers.
Assisted in GUI creation for ease of use by battery testers.
Impact
Improved the efficiency of data analysis for battery testing.
Improved readability of battery data.
Universal Code Counter Porting
Task
Design a plan and UML diagram to assist software developers port Universal Code Counting (UCC) software from C++ to Java.
Accomplishments
Analyzed existing UCC software and developed a plan using UML diagrams to port the code to Java from C++.
Suggested code and design improvements for completion during the software porting.
Impact
Discussed plan with original software developers to assist their code porting task.


News
Deribit to Pay Users $1.3M After Bitcoin Price ‘Flash Crash’ to $7.7K
by William SubergCryptocurrency futures and options exchange Deribit says it will use its own money to refund users affected by an exchange rate miscalculation.
In a tweet on Nov. 1, Deribit recognized its role in the error, which occurred on Thursday and resulted in Bitcoin (BTC) trading at around $7,700.
Deribit: crash caused by “outlier” value
This, in turn, caused traders to be paid a lower price for BTC/USD sells, with Deribit calculating the losses at $1.3 million.
Deribit Bitcoin futures chart. Source: TradingView, Twitter
“Deribit will reimburse over $1.3 million in losses from the BTC index calculation data issue around 21:00:00 UTC on October 31, 2019,” it confirmed.
The exchange added:
“The Deribit Insurance fund will not be used to cover these losses, but compensation will be covered by Deribit.”
In a further message, staff explained that issue came from an erroneous value which should not have been used in calculating the BTC/USD rate.
“An outlier should have been excluded from the index, therefore it's refunded by the firm,” it reads.
Coinbase Pro quiet on order cancellations
At the same time as Deribit, Coinbase Pro, the high-volume trading arm of United States exchange Coinbase, also appeared to encounter problems.
According to various accounts including by well-known trader Jacob Canfield, the exchange began automatically cancelling swathes of orders on Thursday.
Canfield described Coinbase Pro’s order book as having “glitched out,” with an official response still to surface.
Bitcoin saw periods of volatility on Thursday, reaching a high of $9,365 before reversing and abruptly dropping by around 2.5% as the exchange issues hit markets.


<leaflet-map> is a web-component which provides access to the leaflet map JavaScript library via html elements.
Most of the options documented in the Leaflet reference are exported as html attributes. All events are mapped into html events of the same name.
List of demos:
Data binding can be used to create markers based on dynamic information, e. g. from the rows of a spreadsheet. In this example a new component is created which listens for location tracking information and sets a marker accordingly. A circle is used to indicate the range of uncertainty.
<-- define geolocation-sample component -->
<polymer-element name="geolocation-sample" noscript>
<template>
<style>
:host { display: block; overflow: hidden}
:host leaflet-map {height:18em; width:99%; border: none}
</style>
<-- information text above the map -->
<template if="{{!latitude}}">
Location Unknown.
</template>
<template if="{{latitude}}">
lat: {{latitude}}, lng: {{longitude}}, accuracy: {{accuracy}} meter
</template>
<leaflet-map>
<-- request geo-location information -->
<leaflet-geolocation enableHighAccuracy
latitude="{{latitude}}" longitude="{{longitude}}" accuracy="{{accuracy}}"
</leaflet-geolocation>
<-- add marker, if location information is available -->
<template if="{{latitude}}">
<leaflet-marker latitude="{{latitude}}" longitude="{{longitude}}">
I am within {{accuracy}} meters of this location.
</leaflet-marker>
<leaflet-circle latitude="{{latitude}}" longitude="{{longitude}}"
radius="{{accuracy}}"color="#d00">
</leaflet-circle>
</template>
</leaflet-map>
</template>
</polymer-element>
<-- use our component -->
<geolocation-sample> </geolocation-sample>


Mouni Roy opts out of the Amitabh Bachchan and Emraan Hashmi's film Chehre
by FilmfareMouni Roy who made her film debut with Gold opposite Akshay Kumar went on to do Made In China opposite Rajkummar Rao. She will soon be seen in Ayan Mukerji's Brahmastra. While the earlier reports stated that she was roped in for Anand Pandit's Chehre, the latest ones suggest that she had to let go of the movie due to her busy schedule.
Chehere is a mystery thriller to be directed by Rumi Jaffery. A source close to the film revealed to a daily that Mouni had projects aplenty in her kitty and hence couldn’t find dates for Chehere. After Brahmastra, Mouni's dates are blocked for other commitments. The makers were keen on her being a part of this project but her dates don't match.
However, shared the source, that she has wished the team of the film which stars Amitabh Bachchan and Emraan Hashmi all the luck. The film is set to release on April 24, 2020. It’s rumoured that TV actress Krystle D’Souza has now been roped in for the project.


Hue v3.0.0, released Friday 20th, September 2013
Hue, http://gethue.com, is an open source UI for Hadoop and its satellite projects.
It makes the whole platform (e.g. HDFS, MapReduce, Hive, Oozie, Pig, Impala, Solr, Sqoop,
ZooKeeper…) easy to use and accessible from your browser (e.g. upload files to HDFS, send Hive queries from a Web editor,
build workflows with Drag & Drop… all within a single app).
-
Sqoop
With the Sqoop 2 application data from databases can be easily exported or imported into HDFS in a scalable way. The Job Wizard hides the
complexity of creating Sqoop jobs and the dashboard offers a live progress and log access.
-
Zookeeper
Navigate and browse the Znode hierarchy and content of a Zookeeper cluster. Znodes can be added, deleted and edited.
Multi-clusters are supported and their various statistics are available.
-
Shell app is removed and replaced by Pig Editor, HBase Browser and the Sqoop apps.
-
Python 2.6 is required.
-
Beeswax daemon is replaced by HiveServer2.
-
HUE-897 [core] Redesign of the overall layout
-
HUE-1521 [core] Improve JT HA
-
HUE-1493 [beeswax] Replace Beeswaxd by HiveServer2
-
HUE-1474 [core] upgrade django from 1.2 to 1.4
-
HUE-1506 [search] Impersonation support
-
HUE-1475 [core] Switch back from spawning server
Runs on CentOS versions 5 to 6, Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), and Ubuntu 10.04 to 12.10.
CentOS 5 requires EPEL python package.
Tested with CDH5beta1. Specifically:
-
Hadoop 0.20 / 2.2.0
-
Hive 0.11.0
-
Oozie 4.0
-
HBase 0.94
-
Pig 0.12
-
Impala 1.0 / 1.1
-
Solr 4.0
-
Sqoop2 1.99.3
Supported Browsers:
-
Windows: Chrome, Firefox 3.6+, Internet Explorer 9+, Safari 5+
-
Linux : Chrome, Firefox 3.6+
-
Mac: Chrome, Firefox 3.6+, Safari 5+
Runs with Python 2.6+
This Hue release is made possible thanks to the contribution from:
-
Aaron Newton
-
Aaron T. Myers
-
Abraham Elmahrek
-
Aditya Acharya
-
Alex Newman
-
Andrew Bayer
-
Andrew Yao
-
Ann McCown
-
bc Wong
-
Ben Bishop
-
Bruce Mitchener
-
Bruno Mahé
-
Eli Collins
-
Enrico Berti
-
Eric Wong
-
Harsh J
-
Henry Robinson
-
Jon Natkins
-
Kevin Wang
-
Lars Francke
-
Loren Siebert
-
Marcus McLaughlin
-
Mike Cotton
-
Paul Battaglia
-
Philip Zeyliger
-
Romain Rigaux
-
Roman Shaposhnik
-
Shawn Van Ittersum
-
Shrijeet Paliwal
-
Thomas Aylott
-
Todd Lipcon
-
Vinithra Varadharajan


Group 7 CIA
HOME
RULES
REGISTER
HALL OF FAME
Welcome To The Greatest Of All Challenges!


| gamma.shape {MASS} | R Documentation |
Find the maximum likelihood estimate of the shape parameter of
the gamma distribution after fitting a Gamma
generalized
linear model.
## S3 method for class 'glm' gamma.shape(object, it.lim = 10, eps.max = .Machine$double.eps^0.25, verbose = FALSE, ...)
object |
Fitted model object from a |
it.lim |
Upper limit on the number of iterations. |
eps.max |
Maximum discrepancy between approximations for the iteration process to continue. |
verbose |
If |
... |
further arguments passed to or from other methods. |
A glm fit for a Gamma family correctly calculates the maximum likelihood estimate of the mean parameters but provides only a crude estimate of the dispersion parameter. This function takes the results of the glm fit and solves the maximum likelihood equation for the reciprocal of the dispersion parameter, which is usually called the shape (or exponent) parameter.
List of two components
alpha |
the maximum likelihood estimate |
SE |
the approximate standard error, the square-root of the reciprocal of the observed information. |
Venables, W. N. and Ripley, B. D. (2002) Modern Applied Statistics with S. Fourth edition. Springer.
clotting <- data.frame( u = c(5,10,15,20,30,40,60,80,100), lot1 = c(118,58,42,35,27,25,21,19,18), lot2 = c(69,35,26,21,18,16,13,12,12)) clot1 <- glm(lot1 ~ log(u), data = clotting, family = Gamma) gamma.shape(clot1) gm <- glm(Days + 0.1 ~ Age*Eth*Sex*Lrn, quasi(link=log, variance="mu^2"), quine, start = c(3, rep(0,31))) gamma.shape(gm, verbose = TRUE) summary(gm, dispersion = gamma.dispersion(gm)) # better summary


I am a rising junior at Duke University majoring in Computer Science and Statistics. I'm an ambitious software engineer with interdisciplinary interests and a highly quantitative background.
Dean's List with Distinction: Fall 2018, Spring 2019
Dean's List: Fall 2019
GPA: 3.92/4.00
SAT: 1560
ACT: 35
I enjoy a lot of outdoors and physical activities, such as rock climbing, hiking, skiing, and playing tennis.
I am also an avid fan of TV comedies such as Brooklyn Nine-Nine and Community. I love trivia and Jeopardy!, and I'm aspiring to get better at cooking.


TeXtonic is a LaTeX editor and compiler. It runs entirely locally, on your iOS device. It does not require a network connection and therefore does not transmit your personal documents for processing.
TeXtonic does not collect any data, period.
The user can create files, which will reside in the application directory, and can be moved outside of the directory as needed by the user.
During the TestFlight phase, if the application crashes, a crash report can be sent to the developers. This crash report will contain information about what caused the crash (the contents of your personal documents).
The owner of the application, Brian Chevalier, does not have any way to access the data created by the user.


MoveEntity entity,x#,y#,z#
Parameters:
| entity - name of entity to be moved x# - x amount that entity will be moved by y# - y amount that entity will be moved by z# - z amount that entity will be moved by |
Description:
| Moves an entity relative to its current position and orientation. What this means is that an entity will move in whatever direction it is facing. So for example if you have an game character is upright when first loaded into Blitz3D and it remains upright (i.e. turns left or right only), then moving it by a z amount will always see it move forward or backward, moving it by a y amount will always see it move up or down, and moving it by an x amount will always see it strafe. See also: TranslateEntity, PositionEntity. |
| ; MoveEntity Example ; ------------------ Graphics3D 640,480 SetBuffer BackBuffer() camera=CreateCamera() light=CreateLight() cone=CreateCone( 32 ) ; Move cone in front of camera, so we can see it to begin with MoveEntity cone,0,0,10 While Not KeyDown( 1 ) ; Reset movement values - otherwise, the cone will not stop! x#=0 y#=0 z#=0 ; Change rotation values depending on the key pressed If KeyDown( 203 )=True Then x#=-0.1 If KeyDown( 205 )=True Then x#=0.1 If KeyDown( 208 )=True Then y#=-0.1 If KeyDown( 200 )=True Then y#=0.1 If KeyDown( 44 )=True Then z#=-0.1 If KeyDown( 30 )=True Then z#=0.1 ; Move cone using movement values MoveEntity cone,x#,y#,z# ; If spacebar pressed then rotate cone by random amount If KeyHit( 57 )=True Then RotateEntity cone,Rnd( 0,360 ),Rnd( 0,360 ),Rnd( 0,360 ) RenderWorld Text 0,0,"Use cursor/A/Z keys to move cone, spacebar to rotate cone by random amount" Text 0,20,"X Movement: "+x# Text 0,40,"Y Movement: "+y# Text 0,60,"Z Movement: "+z# Flip Wend End |


Tutorial
Introduction
When training reinforcement learning agents, the agent interacts with the environment by sending actions and receiving observations. The agents are trained in the python script and the environment is implemented using Godot.In python the environment is wrapped into a class, that is usually similar to OpenAI Gym environment class (Code 1). We need to implement the functions: init, step, reset and close to get fully functional environment.
The init function launches subprocesses associated with your environment. In our case it launches Godot project as a subprocess.
The step function takes an action tensor that was sampled from your model and passes it to the environment. It then computes the next state and returns the observation of this state along with the reward. The variable done is true if the new state is the final one, true otherwise.
The reset function returns the environment to the initial state and return the observation of this state.
The close function closes any subprocesses associated with your environment.
We will ignore seed and render functions for now, because we use random number generator in Godot and rendering is done by default.
Code 1: Dummy implementation of OpenAI Gym class.
class DummyEnv(gym.Env):
def __init__(self):
pass
def seed(self, seed=None):
pass
def step(self, action):
return observation, reward, done, info
def reset(self):
return observation
def render(self, mode='human'):
pass
def close(self):
pass
Training cycle
The training cycle for a reinforcement learning agent looks something like this (Code 2):we collect samples until we observed n_rollout states, these observations along with actions and rewards are collected in the batch.
Then the model does one gradient step, empties its batch and resumes simulation. During the simulation, all the actions are sampled from the model itself.
Code 2: Dummy code for training an agent.
env = DummyEnv()
for i in range(num_epochs):
done = 0
while done == 0:
for t in range(n_rollout):
a = model.sample()
s_prime, r, done, info = env.step(a)
model.put_data((s, a, r, s_prime, done))
s = s_prime
if done:
break
model.train_net()
env.reset()
env.close()
Figure1: Synchronization diagram between python script and the environment.
Synchronization in Python
Figure 1 showsh the pattern of interaction between python and godot processes. First, python script samples an action from the model, meanwhile the godot process waits for the action to be passed. In this case semaphore sem_act is blocked, while sem_obs has green light.When the step function is called the action tensor is sent into the shared memory and sem_act semaphore turns green. It signals to godot to start processing the action of an agent. Meanwhile the semaphore sem_obs turns red, blocking python process while waiting for godot to send the observation.
In Godot we have to pay additional attention to server process to make sure physics server is synchronized with the semaphores.
Code 3: Introducing semaphores.
class DummyEnvSemaphores(gym.Env):
def __init__(self):
self.mem = _GodotEnv.SharedMemoryTensor("environment")
self.sem_act = _GodotEnv.SharedMemorySemaphore("sem_action", 0)
self.sem_obs = _GodotEnv.SharedMemorySemaphore("sem_observation", 0)
def seed(self, seed=None):
pass
def step(self, action):
self.mem.sendInt("agent_action", action)
self.sem_act.post()
self.sem_obs.wait()
observation = self.mem.receiveFloat("observation")
return observation, reward, done, info
def reset(self):
return observation
def render(self, mode='human'):
pass
def close(self):
pass
Figure 2: Scene organization
Figure 3: Timer properties
Synchronization in Godot
Godot scene contains a pendulum consisting of StaticBody2D, PinJoint2D and RigidBody2D. Moreover, it has the Timer, synchronized with the physics server that counts down the time between an action received and an observation sent.The Timer properties are shown on the Figure 3. To synchronize the time with the physics server set the Process mode to Physics. Code 4 shows the important bits of synchronization code in godot. The semaphores and shared memory are initialized in the _ready function. If the shared memory exists, the project was called from python script, otherwise no semaphores needed. This lets us to run the project in the editor to debug it. Because we use phyics engine to model the environment, we also synchronize updates with the physiscs server using _physics_process.
The engine waits for the actions in the function _physics_process and starts Timer count down.
When the Timer returns the signal _on_Timer_timeout we send the observation back to python and release the semaphore sem_obs. Also, we signal to the engine, that we wait for the next action by setting timeout variable to true.
We generally want the training to be as fast as possible, so we need to make the engine process faster than real time. It is done by setting the iterations_per_second property of the engine to the FPS and increasing the timescale to some fraction of the iterations_per_second. We use only fraction of the FPS, because we want the engine to perform with reasonably low delta, such that there are no obvious bugs in the physics. I can not guarantee that this way of increasing the processing speed is valid though.
Code 4: Environment node script
var deltat = 0.1
func _ready():
mem = cSharedMemory.new()
if mem.exists():
sem_action = cSharedMemorySemaphore.new()
sem_observation = cSharedMemorySemaphore.new()
sem_action.init("sem_action")
sem_observation.init("sem_observation")
set_physics_process(true)
func _physics_process(delta):
if timeout:
Engine.iterations_per_second = max(60, Engine.get_frames_per_second())
Engine.time_scale = max(1.0, Engine.iterations_per_second/100.0)
if mem.exists():
sem_action.wait()
agent_action = mem.getIntArray("agent_action")
env_action = mem.getIntArray("env_action")
$Timer.start(deltat)
timeout = false
func _on_Timer_timeout():
if mem.exists():
mem.sendFloatArray("observation", observation)
sem_observation.post()
timeout = true
Resetting the environment
When the episode of the simulation ends we want to reset the environment to the initial position without relaunching the engine process. To accomplish this feat we use additional action, that is 1 if the environment should be reset and 0 otherwise. However, the tricky part is resetting the positions and velocities of the objects in Godot.In our case we have one physics object: RigidBody2D. The positions and velicities of the RigidBody2D node can be changed only in the _integrate_forces function of this node. Therefore we introduce the variable reset, which is true when we want to reinitialize this node and false otherwise. Additionally we create variables to store initial positions and velocities of this node.
The Code 5 shows the gist of this function. First we compute absolute initial Transform2D of the node and change the state accordingly.
Unfortunatelly, we have to compute the transforms of Anchor and PinJoint2D tranforms in the Environment script (Code 6). Probably, one can avoid this cumbersome procedure by reorganizing the tree or accessing the parent nodes from the RigidBody2D itself.
Code 5: Resetting the state of the RigidBody2D
func _integrate_forces(state):
if reset:
var T = Transform2D(0.0, init_anchor)
var Tt = Transform2D(0.0, -init_anchor)
var R = Transform2D(rng.randf_range(-PI, PI), Vector2(0,0))
var v = Transform2D(init_rotation, init_origin)
state.set_transform(T*R*Tt*state.transform)
state.set_angular_velocity(init_angular_velocity)
state.set_linear_velocity(init_linear_velicity)
reset = false
Code 6: Initial positions of the RigidBody2D from Environment node
func _ready():
var v = $Anchor/PinJoint2D/RigidBody2D.transform.get_origin()
var AnchorT = $Anchor.transform
var JointT = $Anchor/PinJoint2D.transform
$Anchor/PinJoint2D/RigidBody2D.init_anchor = AnchorT.xform(JointT.get_origin())
$Anchor/PinJoint2D/RigidBody2D.init_origin = AnchorT.xform(JointT.xform(v))
$Anchor/PinJoint2D/RigidBody2D.init_rotation = 0.0
$Anchor/PinJoint2D/RigidBody2D.init_angular_velocity = 0.0
$Anchor/PinJoint2D/RigidBody2D.init_linear_velicity = Vector2(0.0, 0.0)
Figure 4: Exporting Godot project
Exporting the project
We tested this library using debug exporting templates. Just follow the standard godot export procedure and everything should just work.Code 7 shows how the environment is launched from the python class: we use subprocess package and pass the special handle to the environment so that it can access the shared memory allocated by python. We have to note, that it is important to redirect stdout and stderr streams to files instead of pipes. We found out that using pipes makes semaphores stuck in an impossible combination. To correctly close the environment process upon termination of the python script we use the atexit package to register the close function, that terminates the process. This approach works in case of termination of the python script due to errors as well as manual signals.
Code 7: Launching the exported environment
class DummyEnvLaunch(gym.Env):
def __init__(self, exec_path, env_path):
with open("stdout.txt","wb") as out, open("stderr.txt","wb") as err:
self.process = subprocess.Popen([exec_path,
"--path", os.path.abspath(env_path),
"--handle", "environment"], stdout=out, stderr=err)
atexit.register(self.close)
def close(self):
self.process.terminate()
Conclusion
In this tutorial we showed the main steps to make your own environment in Godot Engine and use it from python script. The fully functional code for this tutorial can be found here:Environments
The Godot project is located in the directory InvPendulum and the python Gym class is in the file InvPendulum.py.


i8,
Hello. Our site is called The Women of Hip Hop. Our goal and mission is to show awareness, and help female artist in the industry. Females are under represented in the music industry, from rappers to producers. Our Website has a few different components in it. We give you examples of successful females in the industry along with facts and statistics. We also give you tips on how to get your music out there and a few words of encouragment. Last we will give you facts on why women are less represented.
We hope you enjoy our website and that it encourages you to pursue your dreams no matter how the statistics look nor if people believe you can do it."My tears have dried and I know that no weapon formed against me will prosper"


publications
Please contact me on email/linkedin for data or codes used in any of the following works.
Computational Physics
-
FSEI-GPU: Accelerated simulations of the fluid-structure-electrophysiology interaction in the left heart.
F. Viola, V. Spandan, V. Meschini, J. Romero, M. Fatica, M. D. de Tullio, R. Verzicco
Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 273, 2022. [pdf] -
A fast moving least squares approximation with adaptive Lagrangian mesh refinement for large scale immersed boundary simulations
Vamsi Spandan, Detlef Lohse, Marco D de Tullio, Roberto Verzicco
Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 375, 228-239, 2018. [pdf] -
AFid-GPU: a versatile Navier-Stokes Solver for Wall-Bounded Turbulent Flows on GPU Clusters
Xiaojue Zhu, Everett Phillips, Vamsi Spandan, John Donners, Gregory Ruetsch, Josh Romero, Rodolfo Ostilla-Mónico, Yantao Yang, Detlef Lohse, Roberto Verzicco, Massimiliano Fatica, Richard J.A.M. Stevens
Computer Physics Communication, Vol. 229, 199-210, 2018. [arxiv] [pdf] -
Scalar source tracking in turbulent environments using deep reinforcement learning
Vamsi Spandan, Pavan G. Bharadwaj, Maxime Bassenne, Lluis Jofre
Proc. Summer Program, CTR, Stanford, 2018. [pdf] -
A parallel interaction potential approach coupled with the immersed boundary method for fully resolved simulations of deformable interfaces and membranes
Vamsi Spandan, Valentina Meschini, Rodolfo Ostilla-Monico, Detlef Lohse, Giorgio Querzoli, Marco D de Tullio, Roberto Verzicco
Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 348, 567-590, 2017 [doi] [arxiv] [pdf]
Turbulence
-
Fluctuation induced forces in homogeneous isotropic turbulence
Vamsi Spandan, Daniel Putt, Alpha A Lee, Rodolfo Ostilla-Monico
Science Advances,, Vol. 6, 2020 [arxiv][pdf] -
Three life stages of wall-bounded decay of Taylor-Couette turbulence
Rodolfo Ostilla-Monico, Xiaojue Zhu, Vamsi Spandan, Roberto Verzicco, Detlef Lohse
Physical Review Fluids, Vol. 2, 114601, 2017 [arxiv] [pdf] -
Identifying coherent structures and vortex clusters in Taylor-Couette turbulence
Vamsi Spandan, Rodolfo Ostilla-Monico, Detlef Lohse, Roberto Verzicco
Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 708, 012006, 2016 [doi] [pdf]
Multiphysics Systems, Multiphase Flows
-
Elastohydrodynamic Scaling Law for Heart Rates.
E. Virot, V. Spandan, L. Niu, W. M. van Rees, L. Mahadevan
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 125 (5), 2020 [doi][pdf] -
Suspension Jams in a Leaky Microfluidic Channel.
J. S. Yodh, V. Spandan, L. Mahadevan
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 125 (4), 2020 [doi][pdf] -
Non-universal transport mechanisms in vertical natural convection with dispersed light droplets
Chong Shen Ng, Vamsi Spandan, Roberto Verzicco, Detlef Lohse
Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2020 [arxiv][pdf] -
Physical mechanisms governing drag reduction in turbulent Taylor-Couette flow with finite-size bubbles
Vamsi Spandan, Roberto Verzicco, Detlef Lohse
Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 849, R3, 2018. [pdf] -
Deformable ellipsoidal bubbles in Taylor-Couette flow with enhanced Euler-Lagrange tracking
Vamsi Spandan, Roberto Verzicco, Detlef Lohse
Physical Review Fluids, Vol. 2, 104304, 2017 [arxiv] [pdf] -
Deformation and orientation statistics of neutrally buoyant sub-Kolmogorov ellipsoidal droplets in turbulent Taylor-Couette flow
Vamsi Spandan, Detlef Lohse, Roberto Verzicco
Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 809, 480-501, 2016 [doi] [arxiv] [pdf] -
Drag reduction in numerical two-phase Taylor-Couette turbulence using an Euler-Lagrange approach
Vamsi Spandan, Rodolfo Ostilla-Monico, Roberto Verzicco, Detlef Lohse
Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 798, 411-435, 2016 [doi] [arxiv] [pdf]
Microfluidics
-
Growth dynamics of microbubbles on microcavity arrays by solvent exchange
Shuhua Peng, Vamsi Spandan, Roberto Verzicco, Detlef Lohse, Xuehua Zhang
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 532, 103-111, 2018. [pdf] -
Flow induced dissolution of femtoliter surface droplet arrays
Lei Bao, Vamsi Spandan, Yantao Yang, Brendan Dyett, Roberto Verzicco, Detlef Lohse, Xuehua Zhang
Lab on a Chip, 18, 1066-1074, 2018. [pdf]
Miscellaneous
-
Bubbles and drops in turbulent Taylor-Couette flow: numerical modelling and simulations
Vamsi Spandan
PhD Thesis, ISBN:978-90-365-4368-2 [doi] -
A simple and accurate experimental method or measurement of engine oil consumption
Vamsi Spandan, Om Prakash Singh, Anil Singanamalli, Kannan Marudachalam
International Journal on Manufacturing and Material Science, Vol. 1, 11-16, 2011 [doi] [pdf]


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Classes and Modules appear to be rather similar: the syntax used to create each is comparable, structurally they are almost identical. However, classes have a bit more power when it comes to creation and control.
A Class is a collection of methods and data, that are used as a blueprint to create multiple objects relating to that class. As a definition of a concept, classes are a way to bundle and define behaviors (methods) and to create multiple objects with similar behaviors easily. The class is responsible for launching the object into existence, a process known as Instantiation; but the object, thereafter, has a life of its own.
Modules serve as containers for data, methods, classes, constants, or even other modules. Module containers are very useful for sharing behavior between your classes, are frequently used for namespacing classes and constants in your programs, and can augment your existing classes/objects with different behaviors. NameSpacing is a way of bundling logically related objects together, allowing methods, classes, constants, or modules with conflicting names to co-exist while avoiding collisions with each other (like files with the same names being kept in separate folders).


We specialize in organising Cars Auctions online !
The Dealer will register into the application and activated by the admin. After Successful Dealer will have to maintain the auctions like delete the completed auctions and post new auction. The auctions are managed by dealers. Users who registered and login need to search for the vehicles the search results will be displayed based on the user’s location and the results are displayed in such a way the distance traveled by the vehicle, year of manufacturer. For this, we will have Pricing Aggregator. First, we will check in our database if any present it will show by calculating above details and then we will check online.
VISION: Our vision Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.
Contact us and we'll get back to you within 24 hours.
Chicago, US
+00<PHONE_NUMBER>
myemail@something.com


Fishy Cookies with More Bugs
Home
Data
About
Locations
Add new store location
Location:
Minimum Customers:
Maximum Customers:
Average Cookies per Person:
Open new Business!


Methods summary
public
|
#
__construct( )
It's important to set the $this->allowedKeys with the elements of the
formular, because this keys are functionnames for the validation of the specific
element.
It's important to set the $this->allowedKeys with the elements of the
formular, because this keys are functionnames for the validation of the specific
element.
|
public
|
#
setTRUEupdateUser_FALSEaddUser( boolean $bool )
Profile update or adding new profile will be set.
Profile update or adding new profile will be set.
Parameters
|
public
|
#
setValues( array $array )
The values of the submited formular will be set.
The values of the submited formular will be set.
Parameters
|
public
|
#
validate( )
Each value will be passed to his validation function.
Each value will be passed to his validation function.
Bool
boolean
|
public
|
#
getErrors( )
All error will be returned.
All error will be returned.
Array
type
|
public
array
|
#
getErrorsByKey( string $key )
One specific error will be returned.
One specific error will be returned.
Parameters
Returns
array
|
public
boolean
|
#
idValidate( integer $value )
Id will be checked if this value is a digit and its not required.
Id will be checked if this value is a digit and its not required.
Parameters
Returns
boolean
|
public
boolean
|
#
usernameValidate( string $value )
Max_langth and existence of specialchars will be checked of username.
Max_langth and existence of specialchars will be checked of username.
Parameters
Returns
boolean
|
public
boolean
|
#
passwordValidate( string $value )
Password and password repetition will be checked of max_length and if both
passwords are identical.
Password and password repetition will be checked of max_length and if both
passwords are identical.
Parameters
Returns
boolean
|
public
|
|
public
boolean
|
#
intranet_idValidate( integer $value )
Intranet will be cheked if one intranet is selected.
Intranet will be cheked if one intranet is selected.
Parameters
Returns
boolean
|
public
boolean
|
#
emailValidate( string $value )
Email syntax will be checked.
Email syntax will be checked.
Parameters
Returns
boolean
|
public
boolean
|
#
firstnameValidate( string $value )
Firstname will be validated.
Firstname will be validated.
Parameters
Returns
boolean
|
public
boolean
|
#
lastnameValidate( string $value )
Lastname will be validated.
Lastname will be validated.
Parameters
Returns
boolean
|
public
boolean
|
#
infoValidate( string $value )
Additional personal information will be validated.
Additional personal information will be validated.
Parameters
Returns
boolean
|
public
boolean
|
#
defaultValidation( string $key, string $value, integer $length, boolean $required = false )
Default validation checks the max_length of the value and if required is true
if the value is not empty.
Default validation checks the max_length of the value and if required is true
if the value is not empty.
Parameters
- $key
string $key
- $value
string $value
- $length
integer $length
- $required
boolean $required
Returns
boolean
|
public
boolean
|
#
requiredValidation( string $key, string $value )
Checks if a required field is empty.
Checks if a required field is empty.
Parameters
- $key
string $key
- $value
string $value
Returns
boolean
|


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block title %}API - BundesTagger{% endblock %} {% block description %}Application Programming Interface for BundesTagger.de{% endblock %} {% block currentnav %}apiseite{% endblock %} {% block body %}
Der BundesTagger hat eine API. Diese API wird im folgenden auf Englisch erklärt.
This API is provided "AS IS". You should not rely on the data provided by this API and always refer to the original document which is hyper-referenced as "original_document" where appropriate.
The BundesTagger API is still incomplete and subject to change. There will likely be additional data sets in the resource representations in the future, removal of data from a representation is unlikely.
Please request only necessary data, be modest! A limit of 5 requests per minute applies and will be signaled by a 503 response and a corresponding "Retry-After" header.
The API of BundesTagger is RESTful (well, at least RESTish) and currently supports only GET. Representations are available in the following formats:
If you call the URL without appending an extension, the result will be provided as JSON or JSONP when a callback argument is provided.
The following resource collections are currently available:
Note that the representation of a collection contains only member URIs and not representations of the referenced resource members.
The following resource representations are currently available:
All mentioned relative URLs have, of course, a prefix of "http://www.bundestagger.de". The elements of the representations are mostly self-explanatory. The common elements are:
If you have questions, proposals or would like to share what you've created with the BundesTagger API please contact me.


Git & GitLab
Git ≠ GitLab
GitLab
- GitLab is open source, users can host Git repositories publicly and privately for free.
- GitLab has one vision. Everyone can contribute to all digital content.
- Open source projects host or mirror their repositories on GitLab.
- Post your own code for others to use or contribute to.
- Use and learn from the code in other people's repositories.
GitLab's Features
- Unlimited private projects and collaborators.
- Built-in CI/CD
- Preview your changes with Review Apps
- Publish static websites for free with GitLab Pages
- Public projects and groups get all gold plan features for free


Welcome my friend!
Let me show you my tavern.
Let me show you my tavern.
Start playing right now!
Tap "online"
Tap "online"
Edit deck in "my cards".
Control progress in "achievements"
Control progress in "achievements"


Date Joined: May 4, 2011
Country of Origin: USA
Currently Lives in: Cleveland, OH
Favorite Restaurants: Slyman's
Biography: I'm just a dude who likes meat. Don't connect with me. I don't use the internet."Connect with Alex:
Facebook Linkedin


3. Bayesian Statistics
Conclusions are subjective and can be updated
Use prior knowledge and iterate
Machine learning, spam filters, weather forcasting
Uncertainty can be modeled
Easier to reason, at least at a high level.
Bayesian Statistics: Weaknesses
What exactly a "Prior?"
What if you have no prior?
It's not wrong to want a simple a yes/no answer.
Bayesian math is crazy nuts complicated
Simulations are computationally intense
* Perhaps that was why it was mostly ignored during much of the 20th century. Computers just weren't
good enough.
Michael Bay
Statistics just got real.
* R.A. Fisher is the father of Frequentist Statistics, Michael Bay is the father of Bayesian statistics
* Michael Bay published "An Essay towards solving a a problem in the doctrine of chances," which created
the foundations for conditional probability.
Michael Bay’s Theorem
Muliplication rule: \(P(A \cap B) = P(A|B) \cdot P(B)\)
$$P(B|A) = \frac{P(A|B)P(B)}{P(A)}$$
$$P(B|A)P(A) = P(A \cap B) = P(A|B)P(B)$$
$$P(B|A)P(A) = P(A|B)P(B)$$
Bayes’ Theorem Again!
$$P(\mathcal{H}|\mathcal{D}) =
\frac{P(\mathcal{D}|\mathcal{H})P(\mathcal{H})}{P(\mathcal{D})}$$
$$P(Hypothesis|Data) = \frac{P(Data|Hypothesis)P(Hypothesis)}{P(Data)}$$
$$Posterior = \frac{Likelihood \times Prior}{Evidence}$$
Wingardium Leviosa
1 out of every 10,000 people have magical midichlorians. Hogwarts can identify magical children with
99.5% accuracy. An owl just gave you an acceptance letter.
Question: are you magical?
Likelihood: \(P(\mathcal{D}|\mathcal{H}) = 0.995\) | Prior:
\(P(\mathcal{H}) = 0.0001\)
Evidence: \({P(\mathcal{D}) = 0.995 \cdot 0.0001 + 0.005 \cdot 0.9999 = 0.005099}\)
$$P(\mathcal{H}|\mathcal{D}) = \frac{0.995\times0.0001}{0.005099} =
1.95\%$$
In other words, the probability of having magical abilities is 0.0001
What is the probability that a person is magical, given that they test positive for magic
ability?
Hypothesis: H = person has magical potential
Data: D = the Hogwarts test is positive
Prior - probability of a positive test if you are magical
Likelihood - probability of having magical midichlorians
Evidence - a true positive test for those who are magical, and a false positive for those who
are just plain muggles
Update Table
Hypothesis
Prior
Likelihood
Numerator
Posterior
\(\theta\)
\(p(\theta)\)
\(p(x=1|\theta)\)
\(p(\theta)p(x=1|\theta)\)
\(p(\theta|x=1)\)
\(Magic\)
\(0.0001\)
\(0.995\)
\(0.00010\)
\(0.01951\)
\(Muggle\)
\(0.9999\)
\(0.005\)
\(0.00500\)
\(0.98049\)
\(total\)
\(1\)
\(0.00510\)
\(1\)
* This table is also saying there's a 98% chance you're a boring Muggle even if you receive a Hogwarts
letter.
## Base Rate Fallacy
The probability that a person - who receives a Hogwarts acceptance letter - and actually has magical
potential is surprisingly low, despite the test being 99.5% accurate.
Suppose the population was in fact ten thousand people. Then the expected number of people who
actually have magical potential is 1.
Of the remaining 9,999 people, 0.5% of them will test positive. which will be 50 other people.
Okay who can tell me what can be done that might raise our chances?
Sequential Updating
Wait for another letter!

Run the test again!
Remember in Bayesian statistics, probability is subjective, and you can change what you know as
more information comes in.
Continuous Priors
Bayes’ Theorem with continuous notation
$$p(\theta|x) = \frac{p(x|\theta)p(\theta)}{p(x)}$$
Solving discrete pmf requires sums; solving continuous pdf requires integrals
$${f(\theta|x)d\theta = \frac{p(x|\theta)f(\theta)d\theta}{\int_a^b p(x|\theta)f(\theta)d\theta}}$$
* Anything above .300 is very good, anything below .215 is terrible
* A player scoring a hit from 2 plate appearance has .500 average
* A player striking out in first 1 appearances has a .000 average
Flat Priors
Sometimes we don't know the prior distribution.
Unlike Frequentist Statistics, Michael Bay fans want to model the uncertainty about the
probability of events
If we know nothing, we assume a uniform distribution of prior knowledge \(f(\theta)d\theta =
1d\theta\)
Example: we have a mystery coin. The probability \(\theta\) of landing heads can be anything.
* Here is one of the weaknesses of Bayesian statistics.
Coin flips with calculus
If the probability of heads can be anything, what is the probability it lands heads?
\({P(\theta>.5)=\int_{.5}^1 f(\theta)d(\theta) = \int_{.5}^1 1 \cdot d(\theta) = \theta \Big|_{.5}^1= \frac{1}{2}}\)
If it lands heads, what is the probability it favors heads?
\({P(\theta>.5|x=1)=\int_{.5}^1 f(\theta|x=1)d(\theta) = \int_{.5}^1 2\theta d\theta = \theta^2 \Big|_{.5}^1= \frac{3}{4}}\)
Surely, there’s a better way to do this.
Hey, coin tosses are binomial!
Flipping the mystery coin 12 times gets 8 heads
What’s the probability of \(k\) heads from \(n\) tosses?
hypothesis
prior
likelihood
Bayes Numerator
Posterior
\(\theta\)
\(1 \cdot d\theta\)
\(\begin{pmatrix}12 \\8 \end{pmatrix}\theta^{8}(1-\theta)^{4}\)
\(\begin{pmatrix}12 \\8 \end{pmatrix}\theta^{8}(1-\theta)^{4}d\theta\)
\(c_2\theta^{8}(1-\theta)^{4}d\theta\)
We don't know what \(c_2\) is, but we know it’s obtained from doing an
integral of a binomial function
* Even for unknown parameters, it's going to be binomial
Insert Baseball Analogy
A player’s batting average is the proportion of hits to total number of plate
appearances.
At the beginning a season the batting average is meaningless if you ignore prior knowledge
What we want is a way of updating a player’s batting average over time while not
fluctuated wildly
* Anything above .300 is very good, anything below .215 is terrible
* A player scoring a hit from 2 plate appearance has .500 average
* A player striking out in first 1 appearances has a .000 average
The Beta Distribution
\(beta(\alpha,\beta)\) 2-parameter distribution with range \([0,1]\)
$${f(\theta) = c\theta^{\alpha-1}(1-\theta)^{\beta-1} = \frac{(\alpha+\beta-1)!}{(\alpha-1)!(\beta-1)!}\theta^{\alpha-1}(1-\theta)^{\beta-1}}$$
\(\alpha\) and \(\beta\) are called hyperparameters , they are different than
the hypothesis parameter \(\theta\)
That fraction part \(c\) is called a normalizing constant.
* Suppose last season a player had 80 hits and 220 outs for a total of 300 at-bats
* The batting average of this player is a beta distribution \\(beta(80,220)\\)
* the pdf for a beta distribution should look familiar. Think of it as a meta-binomial distribution. It
is distribution for the probabilities for a binomial distribution, which is itself a distribution for a
bunch of bernoulli trials
Conjugate Priors
If the posterior is the same probability distribution family as the the prior, then they are
conjugate distributions
If the likelihood function is binomial, and the prior distribution is beta, then the posterior is also beta.
Fewer integrals, hooray!
Beta Constants
hypothesis
prior
likelihood
Bayes Numerator
Posterior
\(\theta\)
\(x\)
\(Beta(a, b)\)
\(Bin(n + m,\theta)\)
\(Beta(a + n,b+m)\)
\(\theta\)
\(x\)
\(c_1\theta^{a-1}(1-\theta)^{b-1}d\theta\)
\(c_2\theta^{x}(1-\theta)^{N-x}\)
\(c_3\theta^{a+x-1}(1-\theta)^{b+N-x-1}\)
Prior
\(c_1 = \frac{(a+b-1)!}{(a-1)!(b-1)!}\)
Likelihood
\({c_2 = \begin{pmatrix}N \\x \end{pmatrix} = \frac{N!}{x!(N-x)!}}\)
Posterior Constant
\(c_3 = \frac{(a+b+N-1)!}{(a+x-1)!(b+N-x-1)!}\)
Comparing 2 Betas
Treatment \((T)\) and Control \((C)\) are 2 beta distributions.
$$p_C \sim Beta(\alpha_C,\beta_C), p_T \sim Beta(\alpha_T,\beta_T)$$
Then the probability that \(p_T\) is better than \(p_C\) is:
$${\rm Pr}(p_T > p_C) = \int_0^1 \int_{p_C}^1 \frac{p_C^{\alpha_C-1}(1-p_C)^{\beta_C-1}}{Beta(\alpha_C, \beta_C)} \frac{{p_T}^{\alpha_T-1}(1-p_T)^{\beta_T-1}}{Beta(\alpha_T, \beta_T)} dp_T dp_C$$
They call it “Asymptotic Expansion.” Uh huh, cool story.
* To get total probability that the true probability of the Treatment is greater than the true probability of the Control, we inegrate the join distribution over all the values for which the probability of Treatment is greater than the probability of Control.
* One of the neat advantages of asymptotic expansion, or so I'm told, is that it allows us to do two things
* know when to stop a test when there's obviously a clear winner
* calculate the loss function, which is a measure of uncertainty from stopping a test prematurely and getting the wrong answer
* Some day, I'd love to understand how to calculate this, but we're a room full of software engineers, which means we're lazy.
Monte Carlo Simulations
Use repeated random numbers to solve math problems where the analytical solution isn’t
known, or intractable.

Have to be careful because they can get computationally intensive
* show how to calculate pi
* generate a million [x,y] tuples where x and y are between 0 and 1. then graph it
* Pythagorean rule \\(A^2 + B^2 = C^2\\)
Monte Carlo pseudo code
// Observing the current app for 200 users (prior)
// Prior distribution is Beta(40,160)
// Initiate an A/B Test
// Control group got 35 clicks from 200 users (165 misses)
// Treatment group got 54 clicks from 200 users (146 misses)
// Simulate 100,000 Monte Carlo runs
simulations = 100000;
controlSimulation = beta(40 + 35, 160 + 165)(random(0,1)) × simulations;
treatmentSimulation = beta(40 + 54, 160 + 146)(random(0,1)) × simulations;
treatmentWins = total(array(controlSimulation) - array(treatmentSimulation));
treatmentWinProbability = treatmentWins / simulationsCount;
Monte Carlo A/B
from __future__ import division
from scipy.stats import beta
import numpy as np
sims = 100000 # number of simulations
p_alpha, p_n = 40, 200 # prior
p_beta = p_n - p_alpha
c_alpha, c_n = 35, 200 # control
c_beta = c_n - c_alpha
t_alpha, t_n = 54, 200 #treatment
t_beta = t_n - t_alpha
control = np.array(beta.rvs(p_alpha + c_alpha, p_beta + c_beta, size=sims))
treatment = np.array(beta.rvs(p_alpha + t_alpha, p_beta + t_beta, size=sims))
mc_treatment_wins = sum((treatment - control) > 0)
treatment_better_prob = mc_treatment_wins/simulations
print(treatment_better_prob)
4. Multivariate Testing
Sorry, this a whole talk onto itself.
Full vs. Fractional Factorial
Chi-Squared Tests
Analysis of Covariance
Multilevel Modeling
Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC)
The End
Is it lunch yet? Who's hungry?


| | |
- builtins.object
-
- Helper
- Patient
class Helper(builtins.object) |
| |
Helper(df1, df2)
Class Helper with useful modules null_counts and combine |
| |
Methods defined here:
- __init__(self, df1, df2)
- Initializing dataframe attributes
- combine(self, df1, df2)
- Module returning two concatinated dataframes
- null_count(self, df)
- Module returning sum of nulls in a dataframe
Data descriptors defined here:
- __dict__
- dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
- __weakref__
- list of weak references to the object (if defined)
|
class Patient(builtins.object) |
| |
Patient(age, weight, gender)
Class module defining patient class and subclasses |
| |
Methods defined here:
- __init__(self, age, weight, gender)
- Initializing patient attributes
- set_exercise(self, minutes_of_exercise)
- Sets amount of exercise in minutes and returns "Minutes of Exercise: x "
- sleep(self)
- Prescribes sleep, returns "RX Sleep"
Data descriptors defined here:
- __dict__
- dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
- __weakref__
- list of weak references to the object (if defined)
| |


You can create and plan journeys to group your favourite charging routes together.
You have no journeys yet. Start by browsing to a charging location, then add it as Favourite to start a new Journey.
{{journey.Notes}}
{{w.Notes}}
{{p.Poi.AddressInfo.AddressLine1}}
{{p.Poi.AddressInfo.AddressLine2}}
{{p.Poi.AddressInfo.Town}}
{{p.Poi.AddressInfo.StateOrProvince}}
{{p.Poi.AddressInfo.Postcode}}


| Package | com.sibirjak.angara.resource.loaders |
| Interface | public interface ILoaderDelegate extends IResourceLoader, ILoaderItem, IProgressInfo, flash.events.IEventDispatcher, IDisplayAssetLoader |
| Implementors | LoaderDelegate |
| Property | Defined by | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| bytesLoaded : uint
Returns the number of bytes already loaded.
| IResourceLoader | ||
| bytesTotal : uint
Returns the number of bytes total.
| IResourceLoader | ||
| callbackFunction : Function
Defines a callback function that will be executed right before the
ResourceLoaderEvent.COMPLETE event.
| IResourceLoader | ||
| container : Sprite
Returns the previously defined container.
| IDisplayAssetLoader | ||
| content : *
Returns a reference to the loaded content.
| IResourceLoader | ||
| failedLoadingTrials : uint
Returns the number of failed loading trails.
| IResourceLoader | ||
| httpStatus : int
Returns the http status of a loaded resource.
| IResourceLoader | ||
| itemType : String
The type of the loader item.
| ILoaderItem | ||
| key : String
Returns the identifying key of the loader item.
| ILoaderItem | ||
| loaderContext : LoaderContext [write-only]
Speficies a LoaderContext property with security and application domain
information.
| ILoaderDelegate | ||
| loadingError : LoadingError
Returns the loading error in a ResourceLoaderEvent.FAILURE event.
| IResourceLoader | ||
| maxLoadingTrials : uint
Returns the max number of trails in case of failures.
| IResourceLoader | ||
| numItems : uint
Returns the number of items to be loaded within the loader item.
| IProgressInfo | ||
| numItemsFailed : uint
Returns the number of items failed within the loader item.
| IProgressInfo | ||
| numItemsLoaded : uint
Returns the number of items loaded within the loader item.
| IProgressInfo | ||
| progress : Number
Returns the progress of the loader item as a decimal value between zero and 1.
| IProgressInfo | ||
| scheduled : Boolean
Returns true, if the item already has been added to the loader manager
directly or to a sequence or a sequence manager.
| ILoaderItem | ||
| status : String
The current loading status.
| ILoaderItem | ||
| timeout : uint
Specifies a timeout after that the resource loader will fail.
| IResourceLoader | ||
| url : String
Returns the URL of the resource loader.
| IResourceLoader |
| loaderContext | property |
loaderContext:LoaderContext
[write-only]Speficies a LoaderContext property with security and application domain information.
You need to set up this property before the loader starts loading.
Implementation public function set loaderContext(value:LoaderContext):void


Brownies
Ingredients
- 1 stick butter
- 6-1/2 oz 70% dark chocolate
- 1/4 t salt
- 1/2 t vanilla
- 1 c sugar
- 2 eggs (at room temperature)
- 1/2 c flour
- 1 c broken walnuts (optional)
Instructions
Preheat oven to 325.
Melt together butter and dark chocolate. Allow to cool to room temperature.
Mix in salt, vanilla, and sugar.
Stir in eggs, one at a time.
Add flour, then stir until almost combined.
Add walnuts (if using), then stir once or twice.
Butter and flour an 8 x 8 glass baking dish, then pour batter into dish and jiggle gently to distribute to corners.
Bake on center rack for 35 minutes, or until a toothpick or sharp knife comes out sticky, with just a few crumbs but not wet.


The transform-origin
CSS property lets you modify the origin for transformations of an element. For example, the transform-origin of the rotate()
function is the centre of rotation. (This property is applied by first translating the element by the negated value of the property, then applying the element's transform, then translating by the property value.)
50% 50%
visual
<length>
the absolute value, otherwise a percentagetransform-origin: [ <percentage> | <length> | left | center | right ] [ <percentage> | <length> | top | center | bottom ] ?
transform-origin: [ left | center | right ] || [ top | center | bottom ]
Accepts one or two values.
50%
.Combinations are allowed of keyword,
<length>
, or
<percentage>
values, but if keywords are mixed with other values, left
and right
may only be used as the first value, and top
and bottom
may only be used as the second value. Negative positions are allowed.
0% 0%
, (or just 0 0
) the transform-origin is the upper left corner of the box. A value pair of 100% 100%
places the transform-origin to the lower right corner. With a value pair of 14% 84%
, the point 14% across and 84% down the box is the transform-origin.2cm 1cm
, the transform-origin is placed 2cm to the right and 1cm below the upper left corner of the element.0 0
50% 0
100% 0
0 50%
50% 50%
(default value)100% 50%
0 100%
50% 100%
100% 100%
See Using CSS transforms for examples.
transform: none; | |
transform: rotate(30deg); | |
transform: rotate(30deg); | |
transform: rotate(30deg); | |
transform: rotate(30deg); | |
transform: scale(1.9); | |
transform: scale(1.9); | |
transform: scale(1.9); | |
transform: skew(50deg); | |
transform: skew(50deg); | |
transform: skew(50deg); | |
| Feature | Firefox (Gecko) | Chrome | Internet Explorer | Opera | Safari |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic support | 3.5 (1.9.1) -moz | yes -webkit | 9.0 -ms | 10.5 -o | 3.1 -webkit |
| Feature | iOS Safari | Opera Mini | Opera Mobile | Android Browser |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic support | ? | ? | ? | ? |
Internet Explorer 5.5 or later supports a proprietary Matrix Filter which can be used to achieve the similar effect.


BIOSKETCH OF MARY BELL/E
LATTA (23 May 1874 - 30 Jun 1950)
By Betty Latta Kitchen
The Henry G. Morris family
Bible gives her year of birth as 1874.
In 1904, she was living in Miltonsburg, Ohio. She continued living in the
home of her parents after their death until her age and health forced her to
move. Aunt Jan (Latta) said she had auburn hair, brown with red
overtones.
We have a very interesting
document related to Mary Bell. It is the original of a newspaper article
probably published in the Spirit of Democracy. We think it was Mary's
20th or 2lst birthday, 1895, because when it mentions all in attendance it
includes Mr. and Mrs. T. L. Latta, and that couple was married in October,
1894. It also includes Miss Lou Latta so her sister was not yet married and
neither was her cousin Anna Latta who married in l897. I mailed the article to
the Monroe County Chapter of the Ohio Genealogical Society and they published
it in its entirety in their July, l999, issue of The Navigator. We also have
her autograph book with some of the same names as at the party.
We have copies of the
documents signed by her brothers and sister following the death of her mother
giving her their share of the Latta homestead for $1 each in quit claim deeds.
They were all dated between 1915 and 1917. Other documents include cemetery
deeds and oil and gas right of ways. We have post cards that she gave her
mother for all the holidays. She signed her name on some as Mary B. and some as
Mary Belle.
This is the gist of a story
told to me and my husband Don by Frank Christman when we were visiting with
him, his wife, and son John on October 12, 1997. Frank and his wife moved into
the home in 1946 and grant access to the Latta homestead adjacent to them on
Miltonsburg Road in Monroe County. Our neighbor in Twinsburg, Oscar Kress, says
he was born in 1925 and grew up with Frank so I figure this story took place
about 1938-1940. Aunt Mary Bell was no longer living there when the Christmans
moved into the dairy farm in 1946. During the time my grandfather lived there
the property was owned by the Harens, and the Christmans lived down the
road.
Frank and his older brother
Vernon had been practicing with their 22's, and now that they were teenagers
they figured they were getting pretty darn good. So one day they decided to
challenge that old lady who lived up the "holler." Everyone
talked about how good a shot she was. (Oscar said nobody messed around her
place, that he was afraid to hunt on her property.) So Vernon and Frank hike up
the "holler" to show her a thing or two. Mary Bell said okay, she'd
do some shooting with them. Vernon hammered a nail into a tree, and they
stepped off 50 paces. Vernon shot first. His shot barely missed the nailhead, a
little to the right. Frank's next. His
shot is close, but a little to the left. The only one still to shoot was Mary
Bell. She took aim and hit that nail right on the head.  " How could that old lady have beaten them?
Frank also said she had
beautiful flowers all around her place.
Provided by Betty Latta Kitchen
e-mail: Betty Kitchen
Click here for the Short-Cut Table of Contents


V-TYou can use makewith a wide range of nouns to indicate that someone performs an action or says something. For example, if you makea suggestion, you suggest something. 与名词连用，表示做动作或说某事
I'd just like to make a comment.
我只想做一下评论。
I made a few phone calls.
我打了几个电话。
V-TYou can use makewith certain nouns to indicate that someone does something well or badly. For example, if you makea success of something, you do it successfully, and if you makea mess of something, you do it very badly. 与某些名词连用，表示做得好或做得糟
Apparently he made a mess of his audition.
显然他把试演搞得一团糟。
V-T/V-IIf you make as if todo something or make todo something, you behave in a way that makes it seem that you are just about to do it. 摆出 (要做某事的姿态) [书面]
Mary made as if to protest, then hesitated.
玛丽似乎要抗议，又犹豫了。
PHRASEIf you make do withsomething, you use or have it instead of something else that you do not have, although it is not as good. (拿…) 凑合
Why make do with a copy if you can afford the genuine article?
如果你买得起正品，为什么还拿复制品凑合呢？
PHRASE
V-TIf something makesyou do something, it causes you to do it. 致使 (某人做某事)
Dirt from the motorway made him cough.
公路上的灰尘使他咳嗽起来。

他衬衣的白色领尖使他看起来像个唱诗班男童。
V-TIf you makesomeone do something, you force them to do it. 迫使 (某人做某事)
You can't make me do anything.
你不能强迫我做任何事。
V-TYou use maketo talk about causing someone or something to be a particular thing or to have a particular quality.  使 (某人、某事物) 变成…; 使变得…
...James Bond, the role that made him a star.
…詹姆斯·邦德，那个使他成为明星的角色。
She made life very difficult for me.
她使我的生活变得很艰难。
V-TIf you say that one thing or person makesanother seem, for example, small, stupid, or good, you mean that they cause them to seem small, stupid, or good in comparison, even though they are not. 使 (某物、某人) 显得…
They live in fantasy worlds which make Disneyland seem uninventive.
他们生活在幻想世界里，那些幻想使迪斯尼乐园也显得毫无创意。
V-TIf you make yourselfunderstood, heard, or known, you succeed in getting people to understand you, hear you, or know that you are there. 使 (自己被人理解﹑听到﹑知晓等)
He learned enough Spanish to make himself understood.
他学的西班牙语足以让别人明白他。
V-TIf you makesomeone something, you appoint them to a particular job, role, or position. 任命 (某人担任某职或角色)
He made her a director in his numerous companies.
他任命她为他数家公司的主管。
V-TIf you makesomething intosomething else, you change it in some way so that it becomes that other thing. 把 (某物) 变成 (另一物)
We made it into a beautiful home.
我们把它变成了一个漂亮的家。
V-TTo makea total or score a particular amount means to increase it to that amount. 使 (总数、分数) 升为 (某数)
This makes the total cost of the bulb and energy $27.
这使得灯泡和电量的总耗费升为$27。
V-TWhen someone makesa friend or an enemy, someone becomes their friend or their enemy, often because of a particular thing they have done. 结成 (朋友或敌人)
Lorenzo was a natural leader who made friends easily.
洛伦佐是个天生的领导者，结交朋友容易。
to make friends →see friend
V-T
V-TTo makesomething means to produce, construct, or create it. 制作; 创作
She made her own bread.
她自己做了面包。
Having curtains made professionally can be costly.
找专业人员制作窗帘会很贵。
V-TIf you makea note or list, you write something down in that form. 写 (笔记、清单等)
Mr. Perry made a note in his book.
佩里先生在他的书里做了批注。
 制定 (规则、法律等)
The police don't make the laws, they merely enforce them.
警察不制定法律，只是执行法律。
V-TIf you makemoney, you get it by working for it, by selling something, or by winning it. 挣; 赚; 赢 (钱)
I think every business's goal is to make money.
我想每笔生意的目的都是赚钱。
V-TIf you makea case forsomething, you try to establish or prove that it is the best thing to do. (为某事) 做解释
You could certainly make a case for this point of view.
你当然可以为这种观点做解释。
N-COUNTThe makeof something such as a car or radio is the name of the company that made it. (产品的) 牌子
The only car parked outside is a black Saab – a different make.
停在外面的惟一一辆车是黑色的萨博–一个不同的牌子。
N-COUNT
V-LINKYou can use maketo say that someone or something has the right qualities for a particular task or role. For example, if you say that someone will makea good politician, you mean that they have the right qualities to be a good politician. 成为
She'll make a good actress, if she gets the right training.
如果她得到恰当训练，她会成为一名好演员。
You've a very good idea there. It will make a good book.
你的那个绝妙观点会使之成为一本好书。
V-LINKIf people makea particular pattern such as a line or a circle, they arrange themselves in this way. 排成 (某图案)
A group of people made a circle around the Pentagon.
一群人绕五角大楼围成了一个圈。
V-LINKYou can use maketo say what two numbers add up to. 是 (用于加法)
Four twos make eight.
4个2是8。
V-LINK
V-TIf someone makesa particular team or makesa particular high position, they do so well that they are put in that team or get that position. 成为 (某队成员); 得到 (某职位)
The athletes are just happy to make the team.
那些运动员很高兴加入该队。
 (常指艰难地) 到达 (某地)
The engine is gulping two tons of fuel an hour in order to make New Orleans by nightfall.
引擎每小时消耗两吨燃料以便在天黑之前赶到新奥尔良。
PHRASEIf you make itsomewhere, you succeed in getting there, especially in time to do something. 成功到达 (某地)
So you did make it to America, after all.
这样你终究成功到达了美国。
...the hostages who never made it home.
…始终没能回家的人质们。
PHRASEIf you make it, you are successful in achieving something difficult, or in surviving through a very difficult period. (历经艰难) 获得成功
I believe I have the talent to make it.
我相信我有获得成功的才干。
PHRASEIf you cannot make it, you are unable to attend an event that you have been invited to. 如约而至
He hadn't been able to make it to our dinner.
他没能如约参加我们的晚宴。
PHRASE
V-TYou use make itwhen saying what you calculate or guess an amount to be. 计算; 估计
"How many shots has she got left?"—"I make it two."
“她还剩几颗子弹？”–“我估计是两颗。”
V-TYou use make itwhen saying what time your watch says it is. 看表上是 (某时间)
I make it nearly nine o'clock.
我的表上快9:00了。


{% extends "/base.html" %} {% block page_content %}
| Provincial Construction in {{active_world.name}} | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Description | Location | Built By | Controlled By | Age Built |
| {{building.name}} | {{building.description}} | {{building.return_location().coords()}} | {{building.builder_name()}} | {{building.owner_name()}} | {{building.age_turn}} | {%endif%}
| Ruins | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Description | Location | Built By | Age Built | Destroyed In |
| {{building.name}} | {{building.description}} | {{building.return_location().coords()}} | {{building.builder_name()}} | {{building.age_turn}} | {{building.destroyed_in}} |


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This example shows how to implement drag and drop in a CellTree by using a DragAndDropCellTree. Just add a member to the project by dragging and dropping it in the desired permission. You can also use drag and drop to reorganize the member's permissions, and even and remove them from your project by dropping them back on the "other members" list.
Java source code


|
MPS Toolkit
|
#include <vector>
#include "../Eigen/Core"
#include "../mpsVersion.hpp"
Go to the source code of this file.
Data Structures | |
| class | MPS::colorPrimaries |
| Defines the primaries of a pre-defined or custom colorspace i.e. Rec709 or Rec2020. More... | |
| class | MPS::phosphorMatrix |
Namespaces | |
| MPS | |
Enumerations | |
| enum | MPS::ColorSpaces { MPS::Rec709, MPS::Rec2020, MPS::P3D65, MPS::P3DCI, MPS::ACES_P0, MPS::ACES_P1 } |
| Pre-defined color spaces that can be used within the colorPrimaries class. More... | |
| enum | MPS::ChromaPoint { MPS::xRed, MPS::yRed, MPS::zRed, MPS::xGreen, MPS::yGreen, MPS::zGreen, MPS::xBlue, MPS::yBlue, MPS::zBlue, MPS::xWhite, MPS::yWhite, MPS::zWhite } |
| Enums to be used in calling the corresponding primary's x,y or z value. More... | |
Functions | |
| std::vector< float > | MPS::Rec2020_to_ICtCp (float R, float G, float B, bool PQ, bool scaleToJNDs) |


What is Salmon Cookies
A Salmon cookie is a baked or cooked food that is typically small, flat and sweet. It usually contains flour,
sugar, egg, and some type of oil, fat, or butter. It may include other ingredients such as raisins, oats, chocolate
chips, nuts, etc.
In most English-speaking countries except for the United States, crunchy cookies are called biscuits. Many Canadians also use
this term. Chewier biscuits are sometimes called cookies even in the United Kingdom. Some cookies may also be named by their shape, such as date squares or bars.
Biscuit or cookie variants include sandwich biscuits, such as custard creams, Jammie Dodgers, Bourbons and Oreos, with
marshmallow or jam filling and sometimes dipped in chocolate or another sweet coating. Cookies are often served with beverages such as milk, coffee or tea and sometimes "dunked",
an approach which releases more flavour from confections by dissolving the sugars,[4] while also softening their texture.
Factory-made cookies are sold in grocery stores, convenience stores and vending machines. Fresh-baked cookies are sold at bakeries and coffeehouses,
with the latter ranging from small business-sized establishments to multinational corporations such as Starbucks.
How Salmon Cookies are made
- Everything You Need to Know. Here's a bite-size rundown of how to make a cookie. ...
- Sift Dry Ingredients. ...
- Cream Butter and Sugar.
- Beat in Eggs. ...
- Add Dry Ingredients to Wet. ...
- Fold in Chips or Nuts. ...
- Shape Cookies.
- Bake and Cool.
Buy Salmon cookies on Friday
you will get Free salmon Tshirt


Iraqi Protesters Seize Strategic Bridges In Baghdad, Move Closer To Green Zone
Anti-government protesters have seized control of a strategic square and two bridges in central Baghdad as they moved closer toward their goal of seizing the heavily fortified district that is the seat of the Iraqi government.
Security officials and demonstration leaders said an activist involved in the protest movement was shot dead early on November 16 in northwestern Baghdad.
Protesters demanding the government's resignation have sought to cross the strategic Jumhouriyya and Sinak bridges to get to the fortified Green Zone but have been pushed back by riot police using tear gas and stun grenades.
At least 320 protesters have been killed by security forces over the past month since the protests began over corruption, worsening living conditions, a lack of jobs, and poor basic services.
Iraq has a population of nearly 40 million people and is the world's fifth-largest oil producer and exporter, but overall poverty rates are estimated at above 20 percent of the population.
Many of the protests, particularly in the southern Shi'ite-majority region, have been directed toward the heavy foreign influence in the country, including that of neighboring Iran, which has supported the Shi'ite militias in Iraq that helped defeat IS.
Baghdad has attempted to balance relations with Iran and the United States, which provides economic and military aid and also supported Iraqi forces in the defeat of IS.


Basic plutonium-collapse-item demo
Title
A
Lots of very interesting content.
Item 2
Lots of very interesting content.
Item 2
Lots of very interesting content.
Item 2
Lots of very interesting content.
Styling
Lots of very interesting content.


Learn more about me
Hi, my name is Zhenyu Wang and I am a master student in NEU. Before I came to NEU, I had 2 years work experience when I was in China. I was working as an iOS developer at Meituan.
Check My Resume
Northeastern University, San Jose, CA
Studied Computer System, Distributed System, Mobile Development, Algorithms, Machine Learning, Programming Design Paradigm.
Beihang University, Beijing, China
Studied Operating System, Linear Algebra, Discrete Mathematics, Compiler Theory, Data structure and so on.
Uber, San Francisco, CA
Meituan · Dianping, Beijing, China
Contact Me
wang.zhenyu1@northeastern.edu


Hosting a Ghost Blog in GitHub - the easier way
(this post is originally published at http://zzamboni.org/post/hosting-a-ghost-blog-in-github/)
When I was planning the reboot of my website, I seriously considered using Ghost. It has a very nice UI, beautiful and usable theme out of the box, and a very active community. Eventually I decided to use Hugo, but in the process discovered that it is possible to host a statically-generated Ghost website using GitHub Pages.
Overview
The general approach, described in multiple articles I found, is the following:
- Install and run Ghost locally
- Edit/create your content on your local install
- Create a static copy of your Ghost site by scraping it off the local install.
- Push the static website to GitHub Pages
So far, so good. It makes sense. But all those articles share one thing: they suggest using a tool called buster which, as far as I can tell, it's a web-scraping tool, specialized for Ghost. However, it has a number of limitations–for example, it does not slurp Ghost static pages, and it hasn't been updated in a very long time (there's a fork with somewhat more recent activity).
I found the use of buster puzzling, since there is a perfectly mature, functional and complete tool for scraping off a copy of a website: good old trusty wget. It is included (or easily available) in most Unix/Linux distributions, it is extremely powerful, and has features that make it really easy to create a local, working copy of a website (including proper translation of URLs). I used it to create the static archive of my old blog, BrT, when I decided to retire its WordPress backend years ago.
Another thing I found is that most instructions suggest storing only the generated website in your GitHub repository. I prefer keeping the source files and the generated website together. GitHub pages allows serving the website from different sources, including the repo's gh-pages
branch, its master
branch, or the /docs
directory in the master
branch. Personally, I prefer using the /docs
directory since it allows me to keep both the source and the generated website in the same place, without any branch fiddling.
So, without further ado, here are the detailed instructions. I ran these on my Mac, but most of them should work equally well on Linux or any other Unix-like system.
Install Ghost
-
Download Ghost (version 1.7.1 as of this writing):
cd ~/tmp # or some other suitable place wget https://github.com/TryGhost/Ghost/releases/download/1.7.1/Ghost-1.7.1.zip
-
Unpack it in a suitable directory, initialize it as a GitHub repository and commit the Ghost plain install (to have a baseline with the fresh install):
mkdir test-ghost-blog cd test-ghost-blog unzip ../Ghost-1.7.1.zip git init . git add . git commit -m 'Initial commit'
-
Install the necessary Node modules, update the git repository:
npm install git add . git commit -m 'Installed Node dependencies'
-
Install
knex-migrator
, needed for the DB initialization:npm install -g knex-migrator
-
Initialize the database and start Ghost (
knex-migrator
may give a "Module version mismatch" message, but it seems to work OK anyway):knex-migrator npm start
-
Your blog is running! You can visit it at http://localhost:2368/:
-
Go to http://localhost:2368/ghost, create your user and set up your blog info:
You may want to use an email address you don't mind being public. See "Security Considerations" below. -
Start creating content!
-
Update the git repository:
git add . git commit -m 'Finished local Ghost setup'
Export website
Now that you have your blog set up locally, we need to generate a static copy that can be published to GitHub. For this we will use the wget command. I gathered the correct options from this blog post by Ilya a few years ago, although it's not too hard to deduct them from the wget man page.
-
We will publish the blog from the
docs
directory of our repository, so that's where we need to store the static copy:wget -r -nH -P docs -E -T 2 -np -k http://localhost:2368/
This command will crawl the entire site and create a static copy of it under the
docs
directory. You can open the filedocs/index.html
in your web browser to verify. -
Add the generated pages to the git repository:
git add docs git commit -m 'Initial commit of static web site'
Push to GitHub
We can finally create our GitHub repo and push the contents to it.
-
Create the repository. I'm using here the
hub
command, but of course you can also do it by hand in the GitHub website (in this case you need to add the git remote by hand as well):hub create
-
Push the local repository to GitHub (this includes both the Ghost source and the generated website under
docs
):git push -u origin master
Publish!
Now all we need to do is enable GitHub Pages on our repository, so that the contents under docs
gets published.
-
Go to your repository's "Settings" screen:
-
Scroll down to the "GitHub Pages" section and choose the "master branch /docs folder" option and click the "Save" button:
We are done! After a few minutes (usually takes 2-5 minutes for the contents to be published the first time, afterwards updates are nearly instantaneous), you will find your new website's content under http://<github-username>.github.io/<github-repo-name>
. In our example, the URL is https://zzamboni.github.io/test-ghost-blog/:
The workflow
After the initial setup, you need to follow these steps when you want to update your website:
-
Start Ghost inside your GitHub repository:
npm start
-
Connect to http://localhost:2368/ and update your contents. You can also change the blog settings, themes, etc.
-
Re-crawl the site to generate the local copy:
wget -r -nH -P docs -E -T 2 -np -k http://localhost:2368/
-
Update and push the whole git repository:
git add . git commit -m 'Website update'
Steps 3 and 4 can be easily automated. I keep the following update_website.sh
script in the repository with the name :
#!/bin/bash
OUTDIR=docs
LOCAL_GHOST="http://localhost:2368/"
wget -r -nH -P $OUTDIR -E -T 2 -np -k $LOCAL_GHOST && \
git add . && \
git ci -m 'Update website' && \
git push
Then you can just run this script from within your repository after making any changes:
./update_website.sh
Variations
The method described above is my favorite because it allows me to keep the source data and generated pages in the same repository. However, there are other variations that you might want to use:
-
If your repository is named
<username>.github.io
, you cannot configure GitHub Pages to serve content from the/docs
directory, it is automatically served from the root directory of themaster
branch. In this case you need to store only the generated pages in the repository (you could also reverse the setup: have the generated website in the root directory, and the local Ghost install under the/source
directory). -
You can choose to serve contents from the
gh-pages
branch instead of the/docs
directory. This allows you to keep the source and output still in the same repository. You will need to switch from one branch to the other between updating the contents and generating the static web site (you may need to keep both branches in different directories, so that your local Ghost install can still access its database in themaster
branch while you fetch it to generate the static website).
You can read more about the different ways to serve GitHub Pages content in the GitHub documentation.
And of course, you can use the same method to host your static content somewhere other than GitHub pages.
Security considerations
One of the most-touted benefits of a static website (also known, I discovered recently, as the JAMstack) is security -- without server-side active components, it's much harder for a website to be compromised.
Sharp-eyed readers may have noticed that with the setup described above, Ghost's entire database file gets checked into your repository. This file contains not only your published blog posts, but also your user definitions (including hashed versions of the user passwords) and draft posts.
The local Ghost install uses a SQLite database, stored at content/data/ghost-dev.db
, which you can query using the sqlite3
command. For example, to see the user definitions:
sqlite3 content/data/ghost-dev.db 'select * from users'
While this seems scandalous, keep in mind that the active Ghost installation is only running locally on your machine, and is not accessible to anyone from the outside, even when it is running (the server is only bound to localhost
). Still, you may want to keep in mind:
- Your name and email address are accessible. Your name is visible in any posts you write, but you may want to set your email address to one you don't mind being public.
- Don't use a password that you also use in any other place (this is a good security recommendation in general). The password is hashed, but this prevents the password from being useful even if someone manages to figure it out.
- If you share your machine with others, keep in mind that any other local users will be able to access your local Ghost install as long as it's running. If you don't trust those users, make sure you set a good password and shut it down when you are not using it.
- If you are really worried, add
content/data/ghost-dev.db
to your.gitignore
file so it does not get checked into the repository. Make sure you make a backup of it separately so you can recover your blog in case of local data loss.
Conclusion
I followed the steps described above to create a test Ghost install, which you are accessing now, and its corresponding GitHub repository at https://github.com/zzamboni/test-ghost-blog/. You can also find this article published in my blog.
I hope you've found it useful. If you have any comments, please post them at the main copy of this article.


In previous work, we have shown that electromechanical coupling can be introduced into graphene through the selective surface adsorption of atoms. The anomalous property we found, known as piezoelectricity, is routinely used to achieve robust and precise results in a variety of macro- and mesoscale sensors and actuators. In this work, we delve further into the realm of piezoelectric graphene derivatives by showing that chemically modifying graphene by adsorbing hydrogen atoms on one side and adsorbing fluorine atoms on the other side can induce a strong piezoelectric coupling effect.
In-plane and out-of-plane piezoelectric responses in graphene chemically modified with H and F.
Because experimentally adsorbing atoms on graphene can result in a myriad of adatom configurations on its surface, we perform an exhaustive search of candidate configurations of hydrogen and fluorine atoms adsorbed on graphene’s surface. By using density functional theory to model the physical-chemical aspects of these structures, we discover for the first time that both an in-plane and out-of-plane piezoelectric effect can be engineered into nonpiezoelectric graphene in this fashion. In the lowest energy configuration, we find this effect is comparable to known bulk piezoelectric materials, which makes a very compelling case for this doped graphene as an engineering material in the next generation of nanoscale devices.
Tutorial:
Emergent Electromechanical Properties of Nanoscale Materials, Evan Reed, Computational Chemistry and Materials Science program (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory).
Publication:
Ong, M. T., Duerloo, K.-A. N., Reed, E. J., The Effect of Hydrogen and Fluorine Coadsorption on the Piezoelectric Properties of Graphene. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, doi:10.1021/jp3112759 (2013).


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Building on the success of our earlier computations, we are assembling a larger group of companies in key sectors to participate in the next round of computations. All participants will be able to compare their own security posture against their peer group and will receive an actionable analysis of defensive areas that should be considered for additional investment and scrutiny based on actual losses throughout the group. Participants will also be able to see how different sectors compare to one another.
The working group is by invitation only, but if you think your company may be a good fit, please reach out to us at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Please reach out to us at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>if you are interested in joining future computations, or if you have suggestions for new computations that could be run on the platform.


Visualization of Suffix Tree
Input String:
Show Suffix Links:
node string:
Links
Suffix Tree (wikipedia)
Data Structure Visualizer


A single token extracted by a tokenizer. It is simply the lexeme itself, decorated with a ‘group’ attribute to identify the type of the lexeme.
Methods
- N
Attributes
| [R] | group | the type of the lexeme that was extracted. |
| [R] | instruction | the instruction associated with this token (:none, :region_open, or :region_close) |
Class Public methods


Color in Material Design is inspired by bold hues juxtaposed with muted environments, deep shadows, and bright highlights.
Introduces unexpected and vibrant colors.
Portal comes with the default material design color palettes. These can be used in multiple combinations to create stunning eye catching themes to color your admin panels.
These color palettes comprise of primary and accent colors that can be used for illustration or to develop your brand colors. They’ve been designed to work harmoniously with each other.
The color palette starts with primary colors and fills in the spectrum to create a complete and usable palette for Android, Web, and iOS.Google suggests using the 500 colors as the primary colors in your app and the other colors as accents colors.
As well as the pre-defined palettes you can also create your own color palettes.


module MongoOperation: sig
.. end
This module defines the types of operation that are used in MongoDB requests and replies.
exception Unknown_op_code
Raised when dealing with an unknown operation code
type
t =
| |
OP_REPLY |
| |
OP_UPDATE |
| |
OP_INSERT |
| |
RESERVED |
| |
OP_QUERY |
| |
OP_GET_MORE |
| |
OP_DELETE |
| |
OP_KILL_CURSORS |
type of operations allowed in MongoDB
Convert between operation and int32 code
val to_code : t -> int32
convert an operation to an int32
val of_code : int32 -> t
convert an int32 to an operation, Unknwon_op_code will be raised if the code cannot be recognised


Hope you folks had a good Christmas and all the best for the New Year.
For those players with multiple profiles on one account and on one platform can Better Battlelog offer users to re-order player soldiers on their main account page?
If so can the knock-on effect include when selecting stats for that soldier it displays the correct asscoiated stats?
Take my friend Hero10 -
http://battlelog.battlefield.com/bf3/user/Hero1O/
Hero10(360) is hoping to view his Xbox profile first, amongst his two sons' profiles.
1) If I click on the soldier profile link it lets us view the three profiles in the following order:
SpykerMatt(360), Hero10(360), Hero10(PS3).
Can BetterBattlelog offer players to alter this profile order?
For Len (Hero10) the revised order would be: Hero10(360), SpykerMatt(360), Hero10(PS3).
2) If Len clicks on the stat icon from DICE's native Battlelog it jumps to and shows SpkyerMatt's stats, and he has to jump more barriers to view his own as the default.
In my case it is slightly different, as my soldier profiles are unique to each platform, and so the drop down menu provided by DICE (found at the very top of the Battlelog header) is enough for the need. However the menu does not provide support for those players where they have multiple profiles on one platform.
Better Battlelog is this something that could be added in the future?
Many thanks for reading
Raskilinov
juress
Theme Developer
Should be possible to do, but if it's worthy of being integrated into BBLog itself, thats up to Brain.
If not, you can ask for a plugin :)
BrainFooLong
Administrator
Well, possible, i think so. But it's not a real thingy for BBLog and also a lot of work for BBLog.
DICE could do that much quicker and easier and you should post this to DICE.
Topicstarter
Raskilinov
Thanks Brain and Juress.
I will cross-post this onto DICE's forums.
CC: Juress: Should there be no action from DICE how do I go about requesting a plugin?


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