i18n API¶
Extension internationalization (i18n) and localization (l10n) using i18n API¶
New in version 1.8.
An extension may naturally come with message translations. This is briefly
summarized in sphinx.locale.get_translation()
help.
In practice, you have to:
Choose a name for your message catalog, which must be unique. Usually the name of your extension is used for the name of message catalog.
Mark in your extension sources all messages as translatable, via
sphinx.locale.get_translation()
function, usually renamed_()
, e.g.:from sphinx.locale import get_translation MESSAGE_CATALOG_NAME = 'myextension' _ = get_translation(MESSAGE_CATALOG_NAME) translated_text = _('Hello Sphinx!')
Set up your extension to be aware of its dedicated translations:
def setup(app): package_dir = path.abspath(path.dirname(__file__)) locale_dir = os.path.join(package_dir, 'locales') app.add_message_catalog(MESSAGE_CATALOG_NAME, locale_dir)
Generate message catalog template
*.pot
file, usually inlocale/
source directory, for example via Babel:$ pybabel extract --output=src/locale/myextension.pot src/
Create message catalogs (
*.po
) for each language which your extension will provide localization, for example via Babel:$ pybabel init --input-file=src/locale/myextension.pot --domain=myextension --output-dir=src/locale --locale=fr_FR
Translate message catalogs for each language manually
Compile message catalogs into
*.mo
files, for example via Babel:$ pybabel compile --directory=src/locale --domain=myextension
Ensure that message catalog files are distributed when your package will be installed, by adding equivalent line in your extension
MANIFEST.in
:recursive-include src *.pot *.po *.mo
When the messages on your extension has been changed, you need to also update message catalog template and message catalogs, for example via Babel:
$ pybabel extract --output=src/locale/myextension.pot src/
$ pybabel update --input-file=src/locale/myextension.pot --domain=myextension --output-dir=src/locale


THE PALLBEARER A film review by Andrew Hicks Copyright 1997 Andrew Hicks / Fatboy Productions
** (out of four)
Here's to you Mrs. Robinson... One of everybody's "Friends," David Schwimmer, stars in this dull retread of THE GRADUATE. He's definitely no Dustin Hoffman, and he can't carry a movie either. The supporting cast -- Gwenyth Paltrow, Barbara Hershey and the always-underused Michael Rapaport -- do their best, but a ship with Schwimmer as skipper will always sink whether the cargo is talented or not. Add in some bad writing and direction that can't tell if it wants to be bold or conventional and you're ready to bury THE PALLBEARER six feet under.
Now that I've thoroughly trashed the movie, I'll recount the main plot to you -- a young man has an affair first with a much-older woman, then realizes it's a younger woman he wants to spend time with. The main difference is that Paltrow isn't Hershey's daughter, not to mention that Hershey is actually looking good, unlike Anne Bancroft in THE GRADUATE (sorry, Mel). I know Hershey's had plastic surgery out the wazoo, but if any twentyish guy was asked to "console" her in the manner she suggests, I don't imagine he'd offer too many objections.
But even if it isn't a direct plot-lift from the 1967 Hoffman classic, they steal enough from another film to be guilty of double-plagiarism. Here's how the movie begins -- a group of old friends get together over the death of a friend and then proceed to bond over a period of several days. It's the Generation X version of THE BIG CHILL and again, there's only difference. This time, the dead guy isn't Kevin Costner but some guy none of the friends can seem to remember. But Hershey, the greiving mother, tells Schwimmer that as the best friend of the departed, he should be the one to read the eulogy.
Can you see the situation comedy ramifications of such a thing? Poor Ross doesn't even remember this guy and he has to deliver a eulogy about him. He looks in his old yearbook and all he can find on the dead guy is that he was in the chess club. So he's pretty much screwed, and without any help from Monica, Chandler, Rachel, Joey and Phoebe. I have to mention the other five "Friends" because Schwimmer is completely annoying without any of them to counteract his whining. That show has gone downhill too but looks like classic comedy next to this dead comedy.
--
Visit the Movie Critic at LARGE website at http://www.missouri.edu/~c667778/movies.html Over 750 detailed reviews with a comedic flair.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Your book preference will depend on how you like information organized and on your level of experience. Here are some titles from my book shelves starting with plant identification references and moving on to gardening with natives references.
One of the best ways to get to know native flora is using plant checklists for specific areas you are interested in. Checklists are usually available at visitor centers or can be found on-line, printed, and brought with you on your excursion.
Plant Identification:
- Sagebrush Country a Wildflower Sanctuary by Ronald J. Taylor. Mountain Press Publishing Company Missoula, Montana 1992. ISBN 0-87842-280-3. One of my favorites, organized by family, lots of good pictures.
- Mountain Plants of Northeastern Utah, Andersen and Holmgren. USU Extension, circular 319, Utah State University Logan. Line drawing of each species. My first native plant book.
- Alpine Wildflowers of the Rocky Mountains, Duft and Moseley. Mountain Press Publishing Company Missoula, 1989. ISBN 0-87842-238-2 Organized by family, photos organized and cross referenced by color, rock garden plants.
- Utah Wildflowers: a Field Guide to Northern and Central Mountains and Valleys Richard J. Shaw. Utah State University Press, Logan Utah. ISBN0-87421-170-0. A good starter book organized by color.
- Trees of Utah and the Intermountain West. Michael Kuhns. Utah State University Press Logan, Utah 1998. ISBN 0-87421-244-8.
- Flora of the Central Wasatch Front, Utah. Lois A. Arnow, Albee and Wyckoff. University of Utah Printing Service, Salt Lake City, Utah. Technical Key, great for Salt Lake County and the Wasatch Range. No pictures.
- Vascular Plants of Northern Utah An Identification Manual Richard J. Shaw Utah state University Press 1989 ISBN 0-87421-141-7. Technical key, good for Salt Lake, summit and Dagget Counties and North. Line drawings of some species.
- A Utah Flora. Welsh, Atwood, Goodrich. Higgins. 1993, Brigham Young University Provo, Utah. ISBN 0-8425-2312-8. Technical Key, hard to use but includes all the plants in Utah.
- Intermountian Flora. Cronquist, Holmgren, Holmgren, Reveal, Holmgren. The New York Botanical Garden Bronx, New York. Technical Key, the huge 7 volume set with line drawings that answers all the native plant ID questions.
- Plant Identification Terminology: An Illustrated Glossary. Harris and Harris, Spring Lake Publishing, Spring Lake, Utah ISBN 0-9640221-5X. Great for understanding technical jargon.
Gardening:
- Native Plants for High-Elevation Western Gardens Busco and MorinFulcrum publishing Golden Colorado. ISBN 1-55591-475-6 2003. Great for Gardeners.
- WaterWise Native Plants for Intermountain Landscapes. Mee, Barnes, Kjelgren, Sutton, Cerny, Johson. Utah State University Press Logan, Utah ISBN 0-87421-561-7. A must have for native plant gardeners.
- Plants for Natural Gardens: Southwestern Native and Adaptive Trees, Shrubs, Wildflowers and Grasses. Judith Phillips. Museum of New Mexico Press Santa Fe New Mexico.ISBN 0-89013-281-X. Great book for gardeners.


{% extends "base.html" %} {% import "bootstrap/wtf.html" as wtf %} {% import "_macros.html" as macros %} {% block title %}X乎{% endblock %} {% block page_content %}


%inherit file="../_base2col.html"/> <%def name="head_more()"> %def> <%def name="title()">This is it%def> <%def name="body()">
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|
TrackracerAR
0.9.2
|
Interface for the BuildEditorState More...
Public Member Functions | |
| void | OnCancel () |
| Returns to the BuildDialogState More... | |
| void | OnSave () |
| Transitions to the BuildSaveState More... | |
| void | OnRace () |
| Transitions to the RaceSetupState More... | |
| string | OnShare () |
| Copies the current tracks database key to the devices clipboard and returns it. More... | |
Interface for the BuildEditorState
| void IBuildEditorState.OnCancel | ( | ) |
Returns to the BuildDialogState
Implemented in BuildEditorState.
| void IBuildEditorState.OnRace | ( | ) |
Transitions to the RaceSetupState
Implemented in BuildEditorState.
| void IBuildEditorState.OnSave | ( | ) |
Transitions to the BuildSaveState
Implemented in BuildEditorState.
| string IBuildEditorState.OnShare | ( | ) |
Copies the current tracks database key to the devices clipboard and returns it.
Implemented in BuildEditorState.


Message
Alerts don't have default classes, only base and modifier classes. A default gray alert
doesn't make too much sense, so you're required to specify a type via contextual class.
Choose from success, info, warning, or danger.
Minor Information Message
Alerts don't have default classes, only base and modifier classes. A default gray alert
doesn't make too much sense, so you're required to specify a type via contextual class.
Choose from success, info, warning, or danger.
Major Information Message
Alerts don't have default classes, only base and modifier classes. A default gray alert
doesn't make too much sense, so you're required to specify a type via contextual class.
Choose from success, info, warning, or danger.
Critical Information Message
Alerts don't have default classes, only base and modifier classes. A default gray alert
doesn't make too much sense, so you're required to specify a type via contextual class.
Choose from success, info, warning, or danger.


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December 22, 2003
Minister Darryl Strawberry counsels Jacko
MSNBC | Submitted by: anyone other than Bush in '04
"Pop singer Michael Jackson has found a friend in another celebrity who’s had his own brushes with the law - former baseball star Darryl Strawberry. Strawberry, a member of the Without Walls International Church in Tampa, ministered to Jackson during a trip to the singer's Neverland Ranch this weekend... [Randy White, the church's head pastor] said Strawberry also talked to Jackson about dealing with media attention. Whether Jackson is guilty of molestation wasn’t an issue in the meeting, White said. 'If he is guilty, he needs some type of ministry and counseling,' White said. 'And if he's not guilty, he needs some kind of ministry and counseling with all he's been through.'" [Amen to that.]
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Read article...
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British sex slaver imprisoned
BBC | Submitted by: sTabby
"Albanian Luan Plakici used a false British passport to find the 'poor, naive and gullible' in Eastern Europe. The 26-year-old was head of a gang of traffickers who made more than £1m... Detectives said it was the biggest case of human trafficking for prostitution seen in this country, supplying women to brothels in north London, Bedford, Luton and Reading... He even married one teenager before telling her she would be spending her wedding night working as a prostitute. In the months which followed he ordered her to have two abortions and made her 'return to work' within hours of each one."
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Read article...
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Woman fired for not being Christian enough
KnoxNews | Submitted by: Katie
"The case was filed by a woman who adheres to the Baha'i faith, a sect that believes several religious figures are equally authentic messengers of God. The lawsuit alleges that when she was fired, she was told that she was being fired before the Christmas season because her mere presence in the workplace would ruin her co-worker's holidays. The plaintiff also alleged that other co-workers told her that they were praying for her soul and that the office manager gave her a framed picture of Jesus. She claims that her termination notice contained a letter from her supervisor that said, 'Realize why Jesus Came. Recognize his Holy Name. Receive Jesus Christ into your heart. Rely on Jesus everyday.'"
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Read article...
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Quarry drowns fisherman
BBC | Submitted by: greenphantom
"Stanley King, who was recovering from an operation, got tangled in his line and was pulled into the water at Windsor, Berkshire, after a tug from the 3.5lb barbel. The 60-year-old called for help to his friend John Speer, who was on the riverbank, but he was unable to save him from drowning during the night time fishing trip. The body of the veteran angler, who had recently had an operation on his stomach, was not found until the next morning on 6 August this year."
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Read article...
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Floridians subjected to New Yorker feces cloud
WKMG-TV 6 Orlando | Submitted by: Rio
"Hazardous material crews are still monitoring a giant, smoldering pile of human waste that spontaneously caught fire at a fertilizer plant this weekend, according to Local 6 News... Investigators believe the 10- to 20-ton pile of sludge - which is used to make organic fertilizer - created enough internal heat to ignite on its own. Authorities said that the 'human waste' cloud is not a serious health risk, but did recommend people stay inside... Local 6 News reported that the pile of sludge was from New York."
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Read article...
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Jon Johansen wins in court
Aftenposten | Submitted by: buffaloBill
"Norway's most famous computer whiz got an early Christmas present on Monday. An appeals court in Oslo upheld Jon Lech Johansen's earlier acquittal on all counts of alleged copyright violations... Prosecutors had put Johansen back on trial earlier this month for his role in creating a software solution that removes copy protection from DVD films. He was dubbed 'DVD-Jon' after he helped crack the copy protection code as a teenager and then published it on the Internet... The new ruling was made by a panel of three professional judges backed up by four lay judges, two of whom had technical expertise relevant to the case."
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University profs worried about oversight proposal
xpress.sfsu.edu | Submitted by: rtype
"An upcoming bill has professors nervous that censorship may become the new norm in international studies programs... Conservative columnist Stanley Kurtz spoke in support of the bill to the committee in June, saying he felt that non-liberal points of view were being excluded from university teachings. 'I think the academy has become too one-sided,' he says. 'Professors tend to share a left-leaning cultural and political perspective, and there are few representatives of more moderate or conservative points of view. This is bad for everyone because it inhibits real debate and interchange.' HR 3077, he says, will encourage more diversity in academics."
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Read article...
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AOL slowly moving to India
c|Net | Submitted by: Mâve®ïck
"America Online is quietly laying the groundwork to hire software engineers in Bangalore, India - a decision that is sparking some pointed criticism but also is becoming de rigueur among technology companies. AOL's plans slipped out on its Web site in a Dec. 10 job posting seeking a global program manager to 'coordinate software development teams' in the United States, Dublin, Ireland, and Bangalore. The posting bothered some people because it appeared at the same time AOL announced it was laying off hundreds of software engineers at its Netscape Communications unit in Mountain View, Calif... 'The AOL guys always thought the Netscape guys were overpaid, they didn't ever integrate the Netscape stuff into their culture,' said the former Netscape project manager."
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Basic example of MameBlock.js
Run
|
View Code
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go to mameblock.js
Edit Area:
Copyright 2015 Yutaka Kachi All Rights Reserved.
Edit expression
[OK]


| CONTENTS | PREV | NEXT |
Appendix 4:
javax.naming.event
package.javax.naming.ldap
package.NamingEnumeration.close()
for
cancelling or terminating enumerations.ReferralException.getReferralContext(Hashtable env)
and ReferralException.retryReferral()
to allow
creation and retry of referral context with different environment
properties.Name
argument should deal with
CompositeName
and non CompositeName
arguments. Specifically, instances of CompositeName
are treated as composite name, while all others are treated as
compound name.Context.getNameInNamespace()
for retrieving the full name of a context within its own
namespace.Reference
object. Specifically, the
location is a codebase, which consists of a list space-separated
URLs.Attribute
and BasicAttribute
.BasicAttributes.equals()
and
BasicAttributes.hashCode()
.DirContext.getSchemaClassDefinition()
so that it
returns a context that contains the DirContext
objects
of class definitions, rather than returning one (arbitrary) class
definition.InitialContext
/
InitialDirContext
constructors to allow lazy
initialization. Useful for subclass implementations.StateFactory
/
NamingManager.getStateToBind()
, analogous to
ObjectFactory
/
NamingManager.getObjectInstance()
, for transforming
an object's state before the object is bound in the
naming/directory service.DirObjectFactory
and DirStateFactory
to better support service
providers that implement the DirContext
interface.
Added DirectoryManager.getObjectInstance()
and
DirectoryManager.getStateToStore()
to use these
interfaces.NamingManager.getObjectInstance()
to not treat URL
strings specially. Instead, the URL should be wrapped inside a
Reference
whose RefAddr
type is
"URL".ResolveResult
implement
Serializable
.Reference
called a next naming system (nns) reference for supporting
"dynamic federation". This reference has a
RefAddr
type of "nns" and a content
consisting of the resolved object.NamingManager.CPE
which names a property set by
NamingManager.getContinuationContext()
/
DirectoryManager.getContinuationContext()
. The value
of this property is an instance of
CannotProceedException
. This is useful to service
providers that implement federation by chaining the CPEs.


| Main Menu | Blog | About |
__ __ ____ ___ _ | \/ |_ _/ ___| / _ \| | | |\/| | | | \___ \| | | | | | | | | |_| |___) | |_| | |___ |_| |_|\__, |____/ \__\_\_____| |___/ |
| Handy MySQL Commands | ||
| Description | Command | |
| To login (from unix shell) use -h only if needed. | [mysql dir]/bin/mysql -h hostname -u root -p | |
| Create a database on the sql server. | create database [databasename]; | |
| List all databases on the sql server. | show databases; | |
| Switch to a database. | use [db name]; | |
| To see all the tables in the db. | show tables; | |
| To see database's field formats. | describe [table name]; | |
| To delete a db. | drop database [database name]; | |
| To delete a table. | drop table [table name]; | |
| Show all data in a table. | SELECT * FROM [table name]; | |
| Returns the columns and column information pertaining to the designated table. | show columns from [table name]; | |
| Show certain selected rows with the value "whatever". | SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE [field name] = "whatever"; | |
| Show all records containing the name "Bob" AND the phone number '3444444'. | SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name = "Bob" AND phone_number = '3444444'; | |
| Show all records not containing the name "Bob" AND the phone number '3444444' order by the phone_number field. | SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name != "Bob" AND phone_number = '3444444' order by phone_number; | |
| Show all records starting with the letters 'bob' AND the phone number '3444444'. | SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name like "Bob%" AND phone_number = '3444444'; | |
| Use a regular expression to find records. Use "REGEXP BINARY" to force case-sensitivity. This finds any record beginning with a. | SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE rec RLIKE "^a$"; | |
| Show unique records. | SELECT DISTINCT [column name] FROM [table name]; | |
| Show selected records sorted in an ascending (asc) or descending (desc). | SELECT [col1],[col2] FROM [table name] ORDER BY [col2] DESC; | |
| Count rows. | SELECT COUNT(*) FROM [table name]; | |
| Join tables on common columns. | select lookup.illustrationid, lookup.personid,person.birthday from
lookup left join person on lookup.personid=person.personid=statement to join birthday in person table with primary illustration id; | |
| Switch to the mysql db. Create a new user. | INSERT INTO [table name] (Host,User,Password) VALUES('%','user',PASSWORD('password')); | |
| Change a users password.(from unix shell). | [mysql dir]/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h hostname.blah.org -p password 'new-password' | |
| Change a users password.(from MySQL prompt). | SET PASSWORD FOR 'user'@'hostname' = PASSWORD('passwordhere'); | |
| Switch to mysql db.Give user privilages for a db. | INSERT INTO [table name] (Host,Db,User,Select_priv,Insert_priv,Update_priv,Delete_priv,Create_priv,Drop_priv) VALUES ('%','db','user','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','N'); | |
| To update info already in a table. | UPDATE [table name] SET Select_priv = 'Y',Insert_priv = 'Y',Update_priv = 'Y' where [field name] = 'user'; | |
| Delete a row(s) from a table. | DELETE from [table name] where [field name] = 'whatever'; | |
| Update database permissions/privilages. | FLUSH PRIVILEGES; | |
| Delete a column. | alter table [table name] drop column [column name]; | |
| Add a new column to db. | alter table [table name] add column [new column name] varchar (20); | |
| Change column name. | alter table [table name] change [old column name] [new column name] varchar (50); | |
| Make a unique column so you get no dupes. | alter table [table name] add unique ([column name]); | |
| Make a column bigger. | alter table [table name] modify [column name] VARCHAR(3); | |
| Delete unique from table. | alter table [table name] drop index [colmn name]; | |
| Load a CSV file into a table. | LOAD DATA INFILE '/tmp/filename.csv' replace INTO TABLE [table name] FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' LINES TERMINATED BY '\n' (field1,field2,field3); | |
| Dump all databases for backup. Backup file is sql commands to recreate all db's. | [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -u root -ppassword --opt >/tmp/alldatabases.sql | |
| Dump one database for backup. | [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -u username -ppassword --databases databasename >/tmp/databasename.sql | |
| Dump a table from a database. | [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -c -u username -ppassword databasename tablename > /tmp/databasename.tablename.sql | |
| Restore database (or database table) from backup. | [mysql dir]/bin/mysql -u username -ppassword databasename < /tmp/databasename.sql | |
| Create Table Example 1. | CREATE TABLE [table name] (firstname VARCHAR(20), middleinitial
VARCHAR(3), lastname VARCHAR(35),suffix VARCHAR(3), officeid VARCHAR(10),userid VARCHAR(15),username VARCHAR(8),email VARCHAR(35),phone VARCHAR(25), groups VARCHAR(15),datestamp DATE,timestamp time,pgpemail VARCHAR(255)); | |
| Create Table Example 2. | create table [table name] (personid int(50) not null auto_increment primary key,firstname varchar(35),middlename varchar(50),lastname varchar(50) default 'bato'); |


captslog.db package¶
Subpackages¶
Submodules¶
captslog.db.DBHandler module¶
-
class
captslog.db.DBHandler.
DBHandlerClass
[source]¶ -
client
= MongoClient(host=['localhost:27017'], document_class=dict, tz_aware=False, connect=True)¶
-
db
= Database(MongoClient(host=['localhost:27017'], document_class=dict, tz_aware=False, connect=True), u'Captains_Log_DB')¶
-
delete_entries
(_id)[source]¶ Delete entries in the Entries_Table
Parameters: _id (str) – Object ID of the entry you want to change Returns: true if the delete was successful. false if it fails Return type: result(bool)
-
insert_to_entries_table
(title, tags, markdown_text)[source]¶ Insert Data into the Entries_Table in the Database
Parameters: - title (str) – Title of the Journel Entry
- tags (list) – Tags for the Entry
- markdown_text (str) – Content of the Entry(Markdown text)
Returns: True for success or False for failure
Return type: result(bool)
-
insert_to_user_table
(name, username, user_password)[source]¶ Insert Data into the User_Table in the Database :param name: Name of the User :type name: str :param username: Username for future logins. should be at least 4 characters :type username: str :param user_password: Password for future logins. :type user_password: str
Returns: True for success or False for failure Return type: result(bool)
-
search_entries_by_created_date
(date)[source]¶ Search For Entries created on the specified Date in the Entries_Table
Parameters: date (datetime) – the date you are searching for Returns: the search result Return type: result(collection)
-
search_entries_by_modified_date
(date)[source]¶ Search For Entries modified on the specified Date in the Entries_Table
Parameters: date (datetime) – the date you are searching for Returns: the search result Return type: result(collection)
-
search_entries_by_title
(title)[source]¶ Search For a Specified Title in the Entries_Table
Parameters: title (str) – the title you are searching for Returns: the search result Return type: result(collection)
-


In Syngenta's Good Growth Plan, we commit to enhance biodiversity and soil health on 3 million hectares of farmland every year.
The Soil dataset shows aggregated hectares of farmland reported since 2013 that benefit from soil conservation practices established in collaboration with Syngenta. The dataset also includes a description of the project objectives. The number of hectares of benefited farmland are tracked locally through in-field assessments, documented, and reported by project managers.
Source: Soil Data 2021
Implemented Hectares per country
The following map shows the hectares of land in each country on which good soil management practices were introduced.
Implemented Hectares
Benefited Hectares per country
The following map shows the hectares of land in each country which benefited from improved soil practices.


North Korea calls Joe Biden a ‘rabid dog’ for insulting its dignity
Biden deserves ‘merciless punishment’, North Korea says.
North Korea has called former US Vice President Joe Biden a “rabid dog” that “must be beaten to death with a stick” in its latest swipe against foreign and political leaders it sees as hostile to its leadership.
The commentary published by Pyongyang’s official Korean Central News Agency said the US presidential hopeful “reeled off a string of rubbish against the dignity” of the North’s supreme leadership and deserves “merciless punishment”.
North Korea often unleashes crude insults against foreign leaders and politicians over what it sees as slanderous remarks towards its leadership.
Mr Biden has repeatedly lamented President Donald Trump’s embrace of authoritarian foreign leaders


Is there anything sweeter than coming home to your daughter and wife waiting with smiles at the door?
7/7/2009, 6:27:52 PM
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Is there anything sweeter than coming home to your daughter and wife waiting with smiles at the door?
7/7/2009, 6:27:52 PM
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Copyright © 2004, 2005 W3C® ( MIT, ERCIM, Keio), All Rights Reserved. W3C liability, trademark, and document use rules apply.
This document specifies use cases, requirements, and objectives for an RDF query language and data access protocol. It suggests how an RDF query language and data access protocol could be used in the construction of novel, useful Semantic Web applications in areas like web publishing, personal information management, transportation, and tourism.
Since the October 2004 draft of this document, the RDF Data Access Working Group has
We invite feedback on which features are required for a first version of SPARQL and which should be postponed in order to expedite deployment of others. Please send comments to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>a mailing list with a public archive.
This document has been produced by the RDF Data Access Working Group, along with three design documents: SPARQL Query Language for RDF, SPARQL Protocol for RDF, and SPARQL Variable Binding Results XML Format. This work is part of the Semantic Web Activity in the W3C Technology & Society Domain.
This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. A list of current W3C publications and the latest revision of this technical report can be found in the W3C technical reports index at http://www.w3.org/TR/.
Publication as a Working Draft does not imply endorsement by the W3C Membership. This is a draft document and may be updated, replaced or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to cite this document as other than work in progress.
This document was produced under the 5 February 2004 W3C Patent Policy. The Working Group maintains a public list of patent disclosures relevant to this document; that page also includes instructions for disclosing [and excluding] a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains Essential Claim(s) with respect to this specification should disclose the information in accordance with section 6 of the W3C Patent Policy.
Per section 4 of the W3C Patent Policy, Working Group participants have 150 days from the title page date of this document to exclude essential claims from the W3C RF licensing requirements with respect to this document series. Exclusions are with respect to the exclusion reference document, defined by the W3C Patent Policy to be the latest version of a document in this series that is published no later than 90 days after the title page date of this document.
The W3C's Semantic Web Activity is based on RDF's flexibility as a means of representing data. While there are several standards covering RDF itself, there has not yet been any work done to create standards for querying or accessing RDF data. There is no formal, publicly standardized language for querying RDF information. Likewise, there is no formal, publicly standardized data access protocol for interacting with remote or local RDF storage servers.
Despite the lack of standards, developers in commercial and in open source projects have created many query languages for RDF data. But these languages lack both a common syntax and a common semantics. In fact, the extant query languages cover a significant semantic range: from declarative, SQL-like languages, to path languages, to rule or production-like systems. The existing languages also exhibit a range of extensibility features and built-in capabilities, including inferencing and distributed query.
Further, there may be as many different methods of accessing remote RDF storage servers as there are distinct RDF storage server projects. Even where the basic access protocol is standardized in some sense—HTTP, SOAP, or XML-RPC—there is little common ground upon which to develop generic client support to access a wide variety of such servers.
The following use cases characterize some of the most important and most common motivations behind the development of existing RDF query languages and access protocols. The use cases, in turn, inform decisions about requirements, that is, the critical features that a standard RDF query language and data access protocol require, as well as design objectives that aren't on the critical path.
Each use case describes a user-oriented context in which the RDF query language or protocol or both are used to solve a real problem. However, it is not necessarily the case that the query language or data access protocol will directly address all of these use cases. (Some of the use cases contain illustrative RDF in Notation 3 form; consult Primer: Getting into the semantic web and RDF using N3 or Notation3: A Rough Guide to N3 for more details about N3.)
George wants to send email to a person named "Johnny Lee Outlaw". George's personal address book, which includes contact information for a "Johnny Lee Outlaw", is stored in RDF using the FOAF Vocabulary Specification.
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> . [] foaf:name "Johnny Lee Outlaw" ; foaf:mbox<EMAIL_ADDRESS>.
George's email client queries his local address book service and, since
there is only one match, uses the query's result to populate the
To:
field.
Motivates: RDF Graph Pattern Matching, Variable Binding Results.
Endeavour, a dealer specializing in British motorcycles, maintains a database that describes spare and replacement parts, including their properties and relationships. Ev, a repair person who specializes in Triumph bikes, is working on an ailing Speed Triple motorcycle when a diagnostic tool produces a report identifying a defect in the fuel management system.
@prefix triumph: <http://triumph.example/schema/#> . @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> . @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> . <http://triumph.example/part/0d92ie433> rdf:type triumph:part ; rdfs:label "Accelerator Cable MK3" ; triumph:depends-on <http://triumph.example/part/329i2dk39> ; triumph:part-for <http://triumph.example/2004/SpeedTriple> ; triumph:part-number "LCD 100-04BSPT" . <http://triumph.example/part/329i2dk39> rdfs:label "Mounting Bracket" ; triumph:requires [ triumph:has-number "4" ; triumph:part-number "149028ab-MT" ; triumph:type triumph:screwx ] .
Ev uses a query interface to the parts database to ask about the defective part. In response to her query, Ev receives a human-readable description of the part, which provides enough information to obtain a replacement part and tells her about other, dependent parts that must be replaced at the same time.
Motivates: Subgraph Results, Optional Match, Human-friendly Syntax.
Smiley works for a multinational media conglomerate. As part of his job as an editor of foreign market compilations, he needs to be notified whenever the conglomerate's knowledge bases contain information about new media objects—books, movies, and pop music—matching various properties: title, author, and price point.
Smiley uses his web browser to create a query that will be executed regularly against the conglomerate's knowledge bases. Whenever there are new matches for Smiley's query, he receives an email with URIs to resources about the new matches; and Smiley's personal RSS feed is also updated with the new matches, since he uses an RSS aggregator to gather news every day.
@prefix baf: <http://big-accounting-firm.example/scheme/1.0/#> . @prefix bmc: <http://big-media-conglomerate.example/ontology/#> . @prefix dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/> . @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> . @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> . [] baf:dollarPrice "29.99" ; bmc:objectName "J to the LO" ; dc:author <http://big-media.example/author/1929/> .
Since Smiley's query will operate over knowledge bases structured by at
least four different ontologies—the result of his conglomerate's rapid
expansion—Karla, the staff programmer for Smiley's group, makes sure that
knowledge bases in question contain appropriate
rdfs:subPropertyOf
assertions. For example, Smiley's query
uses the predicate media:ObjectName
, which will also find
properties like dc:title
, doi:title
, and mods:titleInfo
.
Motivates: Human-friendly Syntax, Data Integration and Aggregation.
Kate wants to see all the television programs that feature information about the Japanese baseball player Ichiro. She wants her personal digital recorder (PDR) to record every television show about Japanese baseball automatically using the Electronic Program Guides (EPGs). She also wants an index page for each week's recorded items.
Her RDF-enabled PDR periodically executes a query against the RDF version of its EPGs, and continues to execute the query every day for new items to record.
Motivates: Result Limits, Data Integration and Aggregation, Addressable Query Results.
Niel has to drive every day from home to his office during heavy rush hour traffic in Atlanta, GA, in his new car, which has Bluetooth and wireless Internet access. Using his cell phone, Niel requests that his car query public RDF storage servers on the Web for a description of current Atlanta road construction projects, traffic jams, and roads affected by inclement weather.
Based on the information retrieved efficiently from the public RDF servers, Niel uses the mapping program in his cell phone to plan a different route to work, cutting his commute time by 10%.
Motivates: Bandwidth-efficient Protocol, Result Limits.
Abelard, an independent publisher of web publications, wants to query RSS feed aggregators in order to track RDF assertions people make about articles and stories in his publications. Abelard's client software includes support for three different RDF query languages.
Heloise manages one of the servers that Abelard wants to query. Her server publishes a machine readable description of its capabilities, including the query languages it supports, in RDF. Abelard's client asks Heloise's server whether it supports his preferred query language. Abelard's client software also negotiates with the other servers and uses a common transport protocol to retrieve the results of his queries.
Motivates: Human-friendly Syntax, Data Integration and Aggregation, Yes-No Queries.
José knows that the U.S. Census Bureau provides interesting geographic data in its public domain TIGER database. José attends a conference in Washington, DC, at the new convention center, and he stays in a hotel nearby. José wants to find out the latitude, longitude, name, and type of everything within one mile of the convention center, as well as all events occurring during his stay, so that he can plan his meals and sightseeing time accordingly.
Rather than working with the TIGER database files directly, José sends a query to the Census Bureau's new RDF storage server and requests that his client pass the query results to an XSLT transformation service so that he can print the resulting XHTML.
Motivates: Extensible Value Testing, Limited Datatype Support, Human-friendly Syntax.
Frannie and Zoe, old college friends, live in different countries and keep in daily contact via IRC. Zoe wrote an IRC bot that they use to make assertions—which the bot stores as RDF—about photographs of their family, friends, and vacations. Frannie wants to be able to republish some of these assertions in a human readable form on her weblog. Zoe tells her about a server that accepts and agrees to host documents that describe what they say about web resources, and their IRC bot sends those documents periodically to the server.
Frannie programs her weblog software to query the server that hosts their annotations for vacation images that co-depict her family members with Zoe's family members, as well as for things Zoe and Franny have said about those images. Frannie uses the XSLT processor built into her weblog software to transform the query results into XHTML for display in her weblog.
Motivates: Variable Binding Results, Data Integration and Aggregation, Non-existent Triples,.
Nada, a Semantic Web developer, has a bug report from a valued user indicating that a software tool is incorrectly emitting the N3 representation of some of the RDF core test cases. Nada wants to create a list of input and output documents for each of the approved test cases, filtering only for those which have an "approved" status, from the RDF core test suite. The list of tests resides in a single file.
Nada can process the RDF core manifest file in such a way as to write one input-output pair per line to standard-out; another program can then be written to read, write, and check the input document.
Motivates: RDF Graph Pattern Matching, Variable Results, Local Queries.
Erasmus Jones, a professor, wants to find some learning materials for his seminar on Renaissance humanism. He is using a recommended web site that provides descriptions of learning materials; he performs a search at the site, chosing the general subject area, student learning level, and provides some keywords. The results include materials returned from multiple learning repositories, where the subject and learning levels have been matched across multiple educational metadata vocabularies, including predicates from the Dublin Core Metadata Element Set and the UK Learning Object Metadata Framework specifications.
Motivates: Data Integration and Aggregation .
Esther, a programmmer for a new social networking site based on FOAF, has written an RDF crawler which
follows foaf:knows
links to determine the publicly available
properties of new people it will invite into the network. While processing
a new FOAF resource, it finds an rdf:Property
referring to a
URI that it has not seen before. The crawler queries an ontology server to
see if the property's domain(s) and range(s) are ones that it has already
encountered, so that it can track where it first discovered this property
and use the property in future searches.
Motivates: Data Integration and Aggregation.
Peter is developing a medical knowledge base using OWL/RDF in collaboration with medical domain experts. The knowledge base is used within electronic patient records. To facilitate collaboration and avoid duplication, the team is using a federated ebXML Registry to store the knowledge base they are building.
When adding a new concept to the knowledge base, Peter uses a registry browser application to search the ebXML Registry for similar or related concepts. The registry browser allows Peter to choose a parameterized query from a set of preconfigured parameterized queries and offers a form that Peter uses to enter the query parameters.
Peter enters a few parameters and issues the query. The ebXML Registry returns a large number of matching results. Upon viewing the results, Peter issues a more specific search to find more relevent information. After several such refinements, he has found the concepts that are most relevant to his concept. He then drills down and browses these concepts, as well as their related concepts and metadata, to determine whether to add his new concept.
Motivates: RDF Graph Pattern Matching, Variable Binding Results, Streaming Results.
Lyndie works for a firm that creates market research reports for corporations that have contracts with the US federal government. She has access to an RDF repository, which contains information about accounting firms, corporations, and their customers:
@prefix baf: <http://big-accounting-firm.example/scheme/1.0/#>. @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>. <http://www.pwc.com/> baf:hasName "PriceWaterhouseCoopers"^^xsd:string. <http://www.boeing.com/> baf:hasName "Boeing"^^xsd:string. <http://www.labor.gov/> baf:hasName "US Department of Labor"^^xsd:string. <http://www.pwc.com/> baf:accountsFor <http://www.boeing.com/>. <http://www.boeing.com/> baf:hasCustomer <http://www.labor.gov/> .
Lyndie wants to query this RDF repository in order to find the names of accounting firms that do accounts for suppliers of the Department of Labor or that do accounts for the Department of Labor itself.
Motivates: RDF Graph Pattern Matching—Disjunction.
Marty wants to learn which of the ten biggest grossing Hollywood movies of all time also had soundtracks among the ten biggest grossing film soundtracks of all time. Imagine that some future version of the IMDB site exposes its information about movies as RDF. Next, imagine that the machine-readable metadata about music at MusicBrainz includes information about album sales. Marty then writes a query to find the titles of the ten biggest grossing films. He uses the results of that query to query MusicBrainz in order to filter the films that did not have top 10 soundtracks.
Motivates: Data Integration and Aggregation .
Mister X, a professional and anonymous controversialist, manages two
distinct personae using the FOAF
Vocabulary Specification. Mister X maintains three separate
foaf:PersonalProfileDocument
(PPD) documents describing his
controversial personae. Each profile is available at a different public URI
on the Web, and each contains RDF statements describing Mister X and his
personae as distinct resources.
Matthias, an enterprising RDF hacker, periodically runs an RDF crawler which harvests Mister X's PPDs, keeping track of the source URI for each RDF triple together with X's personae resources scope information. Matthias has also built a public Web interface to publish the RDF triples resulting from the crawling process, together with all the source information associated with the harvested RDF triples.
A programmer, Johanna, employed by NextBigDeal Inc., is asked to build a
next generation personal information aggregator which must be able to
execute RDF queries over Matthias's RDF data. Johanna's application must be
able to present and redistribute different people's information grouped by
each persona, as well as by foaf:knows
relationships.
Motivates: Data Integration and Aggregation.
@prefix prf: <http://www.openmobilealliance.org/tech/profiles/uaprof/ccppschema-20021212#HardwarePlatform>. @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>. [] prf:BitsPerPixel "8"^^xsd:int ; prf:ColorCapable "true"^^xsd:boolean ; prf:CPU "Arm 7" ; prf:ImageCapable "true"^^xsd:boolean ; prf:ScreenSize "101x80" ; prf:SoundOutputCapable "false"^^xsd:boolean ; prf:Vendor "Panasonic" .
Hill, an avid motorcycle time trialist, needs directions to the racetrack. He uses his Panasonic mobile phone to request a Web resource that has directions to the track. His phone includes in its request a URI to an RDF profile of its capabilities, as well as a diff of its current state, which may add to, hide, or override some of the information in the standard profile.
The origin server must compute the final state of Hill's mobile phone profile by dereferencing the URI that identifies the standard profile and then applying the device-specific diff. Then, in order to return a device-specific representation of the resource Hill requested, the origin server issues an RDF query against the device profile graph to determine whether to return a color map, a sound file, or plain text directions in its response. Since Hill's device is capable of displaying color images, the origin server returns a representation of the requested resource which includes a link to a color image.
Motivates: Data Aggregation and Integration, Yes-No Queries.
Aditya, a Semantic Web researcher who specializes in building ontology tools, is working on a new hypermedia-influenced ontology editor, which is meant for navigating existing and creating new OWL ontologies. Aditya wants to use an RDF query language to interact with OWL ontologies in order to do queries like finding equivalent classes, subclasses, superclasses, and disjoint classes, object and datatype properties, and individuals.
Some parts of the ontology editor require the transitive closure of the query and other parts do not. Queries for equivalent, sub- and superclasses are useful in creating class tree hierarchies, which is a central feature in an ontology editor. Constructing a subclass hierarchy allows the ontology to support additional queries like finding the nearest common ancestor of two classes. Aditya also wants to be able to execute queries to find object and datatype properties, as well as individuals, in order to provide instance support in the ontology editor; property queries, for example, provide slots for frame-centric views.
Motivates: Extensibility Mechanism.
Ryu, a .NET programmer, is tasked with aggregating a wide range of data from a variety of enterprise sources, including query results from an RDF triple store. All of the data services, including the RDF triple store, have WSDL descriptions which Ryu's Visual Studio environment reads and presents to him as libraries. Ryu writes ordinary code to grab the data from these sources, including data results from queries sent to the RDF triple store. He also writes code to merge these data together in an application-specific way.
Eventually Ryu's company decides to change the protocol for interacting with the RDF triple store server from pure HTTP to SOAP over HTTP. All Ryu has to do is update the WSDL describing the RDF triple store, and the rest of his code is unchanged..
Motivates: WSDL Protocol.
Leigh, a programmer for a large publishing house, uses RDF to store data and metadata about books and journals. Leigh uses RDF query language to retrieve the first three articles associated with an issue and sort them by page number; to retrieve all issues associated with a journal and sort them by publication date; to retrieve the last 10 articles bookmarked by a user and sort them by journal name or date bookmarked; to retrieve all journals within a subject area and sort them by name; and to retrieve all articles written by an author and sort them by publication date.
Motivates: Result Limits, Sorting Results.
Technical requirements are features or characteristics of either the query language or data access protocol (or, in some cases, of both) that are expected to be in the specification.
The query language must include the capability to restrict matches on a queried graph by providing a graph pattern, which consists of one or more RDF triple patterns, to be satisfied in a query.
Status: Accepted 2004-05-11.
It must be possible for queries to return zero or more bindings of variables. Each set of bindings is one way that the query can be satisfied by the queried graph.
Status: Accepted 2004-05-11.
The query language must make it possible—whether through function calls, namespaces, or in some other way—to calculate and test values extensibly.
Many application domains have specific value testing requirements; for example: the concept of "distance" in geospatial data or calculating the gravitational attraction of two masses, given their mass and the distance between them. Value testing may be more efficient when domain specific functions are available for use.
Status: Accepted 2004-05-04.
It must be possible for query results to be returned as a subgraph of the original queried graph.
Status: Accepted 2004-06-15
The query language must be suitable for use in accessing local RDF data—that is, from the same machine or same system process.
Status: Accepted 2004-05-04.
It must be possible to express a query that does not fail when some specified part of the query fails to match. Any such triples matched by this optional part, or variable bindings caused by this optional part, can be returned in the results, if requested.
Status: Accepted 2004-07-15.
The query language must include support for a subset of W3C XML Schema datatypes and operations on those datatypes.
Status: Accepted 2004-05-11.
It must be possible to specify an upper bound on the number of query results returned.
(Note: The Working Group has discussed and is aware of the connection between result limits and result sorting, as well as the implementation costs of sorting and the tradeoffs between client and server computing power per user.)
Status: Accepted 2004-07-15.
It must be possible, when returning multiple unordered results, for the client to request that results be streamed. When the client requests streaming results, all the data in one result must be available to the client before all the data for the next result.
Status: Accepted 2004-06-29.
The query language must include the capability to restrict matches on a queried graph based on a disjunction of graph patterns, at least one of which must be satisfied.
Status: Accepted 2004-07-16.
The protocol -- including its interfaces, their operations, results, and types -- must be described using WSDL.
Status: Accepted 2005-02-28>.
Design objectives, which may be features or characteristics of the eventual design, differ from requirements in that the specification may be complete if none, some, or all of them are achieved.
There must be a text-based form of the query language which can be read and written easily by users of the language.
Status: Accepted 2004-07-15.
RDF can be used for data integration and aggregation. Often RDF repositories are built by merging RDF triples from one or more sources, including other RDF repositories or non-RDF data sources converted to RDF. Such aggregations can be real or virtual. It is always possible that a triple exists in multiple sources.
It must be possible for the query language and protocol to allow an RDF repository to expose the sources of RDF triples.
It should be possible to constrain a query with regard to the source or sources of a triple or triple pattern.
It should be possible for the query language and protocol to allow for queries against multiple RDF graphs, including graphs published by different repositories. When more than one RDF graph is selected, the result is as if the query had been executed against the merge of the selected RDF graphs.
Status: Accepted 2004-09-16.
It must be possible to query for the non-existence of one or more triples or triple patterns in the queried graph.
Status: Accepted 2004-07-15.
The access protocol design shall address bandwidth utilization issues; that is, it shall allow for at least one result format that does not make excessive use of network bandwidth for a given collection of results.
Status: Accepted.
It should be possible for a query to perform substring searches of RDF string literals.
Status: Accepted 2004-07-16.
It must be possible to express yes-no queries directly in the query language.
Status: Accepted 2004-07-15.
A common pattern of access is to send a query, which is like asking a question, to a remote service which evaluates it and returns the answer or results. This access pattern fits naturally into the architecture of the Web by making query results addressable resources.
It must be possible for query results to be addressed in URI space.
Status: Accepted 2004-07-16.
Tthe query language should be able to express sort orderings on query results.
Status: Accepted 2004-03-15.
See the survey of existing RDF query language implementations: "RDF Query Survey", as well as the "RDF Query and Rules Framework".
The editor acknowledges all of the members of the Data Access Working Group for aid and assistance in preparing the present document, especially Andy Seaborne, Yoshio Fukushige, Bryan Thompson, Howard Katz, Dave Beckett, Dan Connolly, and Eric Prud'hommeaux. The editor also acknowledges the support of his University of Maryland MIND Lab colleagues, especially Bijan Parsia and James Hendler.
Changes since the previous Oct 2004 draft include:


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Home additions are a great way to increase the value of your house by adding to your total square footage. Obviously, not all homes are the same. An addition is highly specific to the design of the house/lot. You may need a new mudroom, a second floor added, a bonus room, dormers, or a full two-story addition. We work with our engineers and architects to customize a unique plan for your specific needs. It should also be mentioned that additions can be feasible for a wide range of budgets.
Over the years JB Builders has completed a number of mudroom additions. Older inner-city homes can sometimes lack any practical space in the doorway areas. The front door may be ok, but often the back door awkwardly enters the kitchen or living room. No one wants to enter a room with wet winter clothes or muddy boots. Thus, a mudroom addition makes it possible to store these things in a contained area, away from your common living areas. Clients of mine have been vocal about how practical and helpful it is to have this extra space. Not only that, adding more room transforms the entire home dynamic.
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| China Manufacturing PMI Index | |||||||||
| Release Date | For Month | Market Expectation | Kshitij Expectation | Previous | Released | Revised | |||
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TITLE 13. PLANNING AND
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Chapter
201 Department of Business, Economic Development, and
Tourism
201B Hawaii Tourism Authority
201C Financial Services Assistance Program
201D Business Action Center--Repealed
201E Housing Finance and Development Corporation--Repealed
201F Rental Housing Trust Fund--Repealed
201G Housing and Community Development Corporation
of Hawaii--Repealed
201H Hawaii Housing Finance and Development Corporation
201M Small Business Regulatory Flexibility Act
201N Renewable Energy Facility Siting Process--Repealed
202 Hawaii Workforce Development Council
203 Tourism Development--Repealed
204 State Fairs--Repealed
205 Land Use Commission
205A Coastal Zone Management
206 Oahu Land Development
206E Hawaii Community Development Authority
206G Kalaeloa Community Development District--Repealed
206J Aloha Tower Development Corporation
206M Hawaii Technology Development Corporation
206P Hawaii Telecommunications and Information Industries
Act--Repealed
206X Convention Center Authority--Repealed
207 Mortgage Loans
208 Economic Redevelopment Program for Depressed
Areas--Repealed
209 Disaster Relief and Rehabilitation
209E State Enterprise Zones
210 Capital Loan Program
210D Community-Based Development
211 Guarantee of Commercial Loans--Repealed
211D Capital Access Program
211E Hawaii Innovation Development Program
211F Hawaii Strategic Development Corporation
211G State Private Investment Fund--Repealed
212 Foreign-Trade Zones
213 Research and Development Industry Promotion Program
213E Employee Ownership and Participation Programs--Repealed
214 Grants-in-Aid for County Capital Improvement Projects
218 Marine Affairs Coordinator--Repealed
219 Aquaculture Loan Program
220 Aquaculture Farms
221 Commission on the Year 2000--Repealed
222 Hawaii Research Center for Futures Study--Repealed
223 Quality Growth Policy
224 State Population and Planning--Repealed
225 Policy Planning--Repealed
225M State Planning
225P Hawaii Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation
Initiative
226 Hawaii State Planning Act
227 Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii--Repealed
227D Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii Authority
228 Ocean Resources Management--Repealed
229 Sister-State and Province Relationships
CHAPTER 201
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT,
AND TOURISM
Part I. Research and Economic Development
Section
201-1 Definitions
201-2 General objective, functions, and duties of department
201-2.5 Fees for services rendered and products provided
201-3 Specific research and promotional functions of the
department
201-4 Contracts
201-5 Promotion director and employees
201-6 Interested members or employees
201-7 Advisory committees
201-8 Recommendations to agencies
201-8.5 Night sky protection strategy
201-9 Cooperation with other agencies; acceptance and
spending of grants; dissemination of findings
201-10 Reports
201-11 Expenditures
201-12 State program for energy planning and conservation
201-12.5 Renewable energy facilitator; establishment; duties
201-12.8 Energy security special fund; uses
201-13 Powers and duties of the department of business,
economic development, and tourism in marine affairs
201-13.5, 13.6 Repealed
201-13.7 Federal funds
201-13.8 Data or information collection
201-13.9 Medical cannabis; economic and other data; collection
201-14 Consolidated film permit processing
201-15 Repealed
201-16 Annual report; workforce development
201-17 Office of international affairs; established
201-18 Brownfields cleanup revolving loan fund
201-19 Research and statistics for growth industries
201-20 Building energy efficiency revolving loan fund
Part II. Planning--Repealed
201-21 to 31 Repealed
Part III. Planning Information--Repealed
201-43.5 to 45 Repealed
Part IV. Facilitation of Permit Processing
201-61 Definitions
201-62 Facilitated application process
201-62.5 Repealed
201-63 Information services
201-64 Streamlining activities
201-65 Reporting
Part V. Office of Aerospace Development
A. General Provisions
201-71 Definitions
201-72 Office of aerospace development; establishment
201-72.5 Aerospace advisory committee
201-72.6 Hawaii unmanned aerial systems test site advisory
board; established
201-72.7 Hawaii unmanned aerial systems test site chief
operating officer
201-73 Powers and duties of director
201-74 Repealed
201-75 Space vehicles; prohibitions
B. Pacific International Space Center for
Exploration Systems
201-76 Pacific international space center for exploration
systems
201-77 Pacific international space center for exploration
systems; board of directors; establishment; duties
201-78 General powers
201-79 Powers and duties of the Pacific international space
center for exploration systems executive director
201-80 Pacific international space center for exploration
systems; reporting requirement
201-80.2 Pacific international space center for exploration
systems special fund
Part VI. Out-of-State Offices
201-81 Establishment of out-of-state offices; purposes
201-82 Powers of the department
201-83 Rules
201-84 Annual report
201-85 Exemptions
Part VII. Tourism--Repealed
201-91 to 99 Repealed
Part VIII. Recycling
201-101 Development of markets for recycled materials
201-101.5 Definitions
201-102 Advisory committees
201-103 Studies
201-104 Report
201-105 Legislation and rules
201-106 Repealed
Part IX. Hawaii Television and Film Development
201-111 Definitions
201-112 Hawaii television and film development board
201-113 Hawaii television and film development special fund
201-114 Inspection of premises and records
Note
Chapter heading amended by L 1987, c 336, §7; L 1990, c 293, §8.
Commission on the thirteenth festival of pacific arts (ceases to exist on June 30, 2021); report to 2018 legislature. L 2017, c 104.
Leasing of Hawaii film studio and continuity of film industry branch. L 1997, c 127, §§5, 6.
State goal for affordable rental housing units; special action team (terminated December 31, 2019); annual report to 2017-2019 legislature. L 2016, c 127; L 2017, c 96, §2.
Survey of motion picture theaters to determine impact of L 2015, c 39; findings to 2018 legislature. L 2017, c 211, §3.
Cross References
Energy emergency preparedness, see §§125C-31 and 125C-32.


25 July 2006
On 21 July 2006, German health authorities have reported to WHO an imported case of Lassa fever, confirmed by laboratory tests at the Bernhard-Nocht-Institute of Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
The patient, resident in Sierra Leone, became ill with fever on 5 July 2006 and flew to Germany on 10 July 2006, where he arrived the following day.
He is currently being treated in isolation in Frankfurt and German health authorities have taken the appropriate measures to prevent further transmission of the virus.
Although the risk of transmission of Lassa virus to co-passengers is extremely low, an international contact tracing exercise, coordinated by the Robert Koch Institut, Berlin, Germany, is ongoing. The relevant flights are:
- 10 July 2006; SN Brussels Airlines; flight SN 207; from Freetown, Sierra Leone, via Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, to Brussels, Belgium;
- 11 July 2006; SN Brussels Airlines; flight SN 2607; from Brussels, Belgium to Frankfurt, Germany.


Guard Stan:
I'm only a second level member, pal, so can't deal with you. You want to find Magister Paige, Researcher Lorain or Warehouse Keeper Hagger though - they'll be more than happy to trade with a level 3 member like yourself.


Image of Linkin Park
Linkin Park is an American rock band from Agoura Hills, California.
The band's current lineup comprises vocalist/rhythm guitarist Mike Shinoda, lead guitarist Brad Delson,
bassist Dave Farrell, DJ/turntablist Joe Hahn and drummer Rob Bourdon, all of whom are founding members.
Vocalists Mark Wakefield and Chester Bennington are former members of the band. Categorized as alternative rock,
Linkin Park's earlier music spanned a fusion of heavy metal and hip hop, while they later transitioned into more
electronica- and pop-influenced music.
Linkin Park's Page


Reports List.remove(index) called in a loop, which can be replaced with List.subList().clear(). The replacement
is more efficient for most List implementations, when many elements are deleted.
The quick-fix adds a range-check automatically to prevent a possible IndexOutOfBoundsException when the minimal value is bigger
than the maximal value. It can be removed if such a situation is impossible in your code.


KafkaProducer
public class KafkaProducer: KafkaClient
A threadsafe KafkaClient
for producing messages to a topic on a broker.
Usage Example:
do {
let producer = try KafkaProducer()
producer.connect(brokers: "localhost:9092")
producer.send(producerRecord: KafkaProducerRecord(topic: "test", value: "Hello World")) { result in
switch result {
case .success(let message):
print("Message at offset \(message.offset) successfully sent")
case .failure(let error):
print("Error producing: \(error)")
}
}
} catch {
print("Error creating producer: \(error)")
}
-
Create a new
KafkaProducer
for sending messages to Kafka.Declaration
Swift
public init(config: KafkaConfig = KafkaConfig(), pollInterval: TimeInterval = 1) throws
Parameters
config
The
KafkaConfig
that will configure your Kafka producer.pollInterval
The time in seconds that the producer will poll for message callbacks.
-
Send a
KafkaProducerRecord
to the broker. The result of sending the message will be returned in the messageCallback.Declaration
Swift
public func send(producerRecord: KafkaProducerRecord, messageCallback: ((Result<KafkaConsumerRecord, KafkaError>) -> Void)? = nil)
Parameters
producerRecord
The
KafkaProducerRecord
that will be sent to Kafka.messageCallback
The callback that will be called with the result of trying to send a message.


Class MapArea
Represents an arbitrarily-shaped area of a map. Stores and provides access to a list of each unique position considered connected.
Inheritance
Implements
Inherited Members
Namespace: GoRogue.MapGeneration
Assembly: GoRogue.dll
Syntax
public class MapArea : IReadOnlyMapArea
Constructors
| Improve this Doc View SourceMapArea()
Constructor.
Declaration
public MapArea()
Properties
| Improve this Doc View SourceBounds
Smallest possible rectangle that encompasses every position in the area.
Declaration
public Rectangle Bounds { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Rectangle |
Count
Number of (unique) positions in the currently stored list.
Declaration
public int Count { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Int32 |
Positions
List of all (unique) positions in the list.
Declaration
public IReadOnlyList<Coord> Positions { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Collections.Generic.IReadOnlyList<Coord> |
Methods
| Improve this Doc View SourceAdd(Coord)
Adds the given position to the list of points within the area if it is not already in the list, or does nothing otherwise. Because the class uses a hash set internally to determine what points have already been added, this is an average case O(1) operation.
Declaration
public void Add(Coord position)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Coord | position | The position to add. |
Add(IReadOnlyMapArea)
Adds all coordinates in the given map area to this one.
Declaration
public void Add(IReadOnlyMapArea area)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| IReadOnlyMapArea | area | Area containing positions to add. |
Add(Rectangle)
Adds all positions in the given rectangle to the area, if they are not already present.
Declaration
public void Add(Rectangle rectangle)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rectangle | rectangle | Rectangle whose points to add. |
Add(IEnumerable<Coord>)
Adds the given positions to the list of points within the area if they are not already in the list.
Declaration
public void Add(IEnumerable<Coord> positions)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<Coord> | positions | Positions to add to the list. |
Add(Int32, Int32)
Adds the given position to the list of points within the area if it is not already in the list, or does nothing otherwise. Because the class uses a hash set internally to determine what points have already been added, this is an average case O(1) operation.
Declaration
public void Add(int x, int y)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| System.Int32 | x | X-coordinate of the position to add. |
| System.Int32 | y | Y-coordinate of the position to add. |
Contains(Coord)
Determines whether or not the given position is considered within the area or not.
Declaration
public bool Contains(Coord position)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Coord | position | The position to check. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean | True if the specified position is within the area, false otherwise. |
Contains(IReadOnlyMapArea)
Returns whether or not the given MapArea is completely contained within the current one.
Declaration
public bool Contains(IReadOnlyMapArea area)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| IReadOnlyMapArea | area | MapArea to check. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean | True if the given MapArea is completely contained within the current one, false otherwise. |
Contains(Int32, Int32)
Determines whether or not the given position is considered within the area or not.
Declaration
public bool Contains(int x, int y)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| System.Int32 | x | X-coordinate of the position to check. |
| System.Int32 | y | Y-coordinate of the position to check. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean | True if the specified position is within the area, false otherwise. |
Equals(Object)
Same as operator==. Returns false of obj is not a MapArea.
Declaration
public override bool Equals(object obj)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| System.Object | obj | Object to compare |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean | True if the object given is a MapArea and is equal (contains the same points), false otherwise. |
Overrides
GetDifference(IReadOnlyMapArea, IReadOnlyMapArea)
Gets a MapArea containing all positions in area1, minus those that are in area2.
Declaration
public static MapArea GetDifference(IReadOnlyMapArea area1, IReadOnlyMapArea area2)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| IReadOnlyMapArea | area1 | The first MapArea. |
| IReadOnlyMapArea | area2 | The second MapArea. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| MapArea | A MapArea with exactly those positions in area1 that are NOT in area2. |
GetHashCode()
Returns hash of the underlying set.
Declaration
public override int GetHashCode()
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Int32 | Hash code for the underlying set. |
Overrides
GetIntersection(IReadOnlyMapArea, IReadOnlyMapArea)
Gets a MapArea containing exactly those positions in both of the given MapAreas.
Declaration
public static MapArea GetIntersection(IReadOnlyMapArea area1, IReadOnlyMapArea area2)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| IReadOnlyMapArea | area1 | First MapArea. |
| IReadOnlyMapArea | area2 | Second MapArea. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| MapArea | A MapArea containing exactly those positions in both of the given MapAreas. |
GetUnion(IReadOnlyMapArea, IReadOnlyMapArea)
Gets a new MapArea containing exactly every position in one or both given map areas.
Declaration
public static MapArea GetUnion(IReadOnlyMapArea area1, IReadOnlyMapArea area2)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| IReadOnlyMapArea | area1 | First MapArea. |
| IReadOnlyMapArea | area2 | Second MapArea. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| MapArea | A MapArea containing only those positions in one or both of the given MapAreas. |
Intersects(IReadOnlyMapArea)
Returns whether or not the given map area intersects the current one. If you intend to determine/use the exact intersection based on this return value, it is best to instead call the MapArea.GetIntersection, and check the number of positions in the result (0 if no intersection).
Declaration
public bool Intersects(IReadOnlyMapArea area)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| IReadOnlyMapArea | area | The MapArea to check. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean | True if the given MapArea intersects the current one, false otherwise. |
RandomPosition(Func<Coord, Boolean>, IGenerator)
Gets a random position from the MapArea for which the given selector returns true. Coords are repeatedly selected until a valid one is found.
Declaration
public Coord RandomPosition(Func<Coord, bool> selector, IGenerator rng = null)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| System.Func<Coord, System.Boolean> | selector | A function that should return true for any coordinate that is a valid selection, and false otherwise. |
| Troschuetz.Random.IGenerator | rng | The rng to use. Defaults to SingletonRandom.DefaultRNG. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Coord | A random position from within the MapArea for which the selector given returns true. |
RandomPosition(IGenerator)
Gets a random position from the MapArea.
Declaration
public Coord RandomPosition(IGenerator rng = null)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Troschuetz.Random.IGenerator | rng | The rng to use. Defaults to SingletonRandom.DefaultRNG. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Coord | A random position from within the MapArea. |
Remove(Coord)
Removes the given position specified from the MapArea. Particularly when the Remove operation changes the bounds, this operation can be expensive, so if you must do multiple Remove operations, it would be best to group them into 1 using Remove(IEnumerable<Coord>).
Declaration
public void Remove(Coord position)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Coord | position | The position to remove. |
Remove(IReadOnlyMapArea)
Removes all positions in the given MapArea from this one.
Declaration
public void Remove(IReadOnlyMapArea area)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| IReadOnlyMapArea | area | Area containing positions to remove. |
Remove(Rectangle)
Removes all positions in the given Rectangle from this MapArea.
Declaration
public void Remove(Rectangle rectangle)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rectangle | rectangle | Rectangle containing positions to remove. |
Remove(HashSet<Coord>)
Removes the given positions from the specified MapArea.
Declaration
public void Remove(HashSet<Coord> positions)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| System.Collections.Generic.HashSet<Coord> | positions | Positions to remove. |
Remove(IEnumerable<Coord>)
Removes the given positions from the specified MapArea.
Declaration
public void Remove(IEnumerable<Coord> positions)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<Coord> | positions | Positions to remove. |
Remove(Func<Coord, Boolean>)
Removes positions for which the given predicate returns true from the MapArea.
Declaration
public void Remove(Func<Coord, bool> predicate)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| System.Func<Coord, System.Boolean> | predicate | Predicate returning true for positions that should be removed. |
Remove(Int32, Int32)
Removes the given position specified from the MapArea. Particularly when the Remove operation changes the bounds, this operation can be expensive, so if you must do multiple Remove operations, it would be best to group them into 1 using Remove(IEnumerable<Coord>).
Declaration
public void Remove(int x, int y)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| System.Int32 | x | X-coordinate of the position to remove. |
| System.Int32 | y | Y-coordinate of the position to remove. |
ToString()
Returns the string of each position in the MapArea, in a square-bracket enclosed list, eg. [(1, 2), (3, 4), (5, 6)].
Declaration
public override string ToString()
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.String | A string representation of those coordinates in the MapArea. |
Overrides
Operators
| Improve this Doc View SourceAddition(MapArea, Coord)
Creates a new MapArea with the Coords all shifted by the given vector (Coord).
Declaration
public static MapArea operator +(MapArea lhs, Coord rhs)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| MapArea | lhs | MapArea. |
| Coord | rhs | Coord (vector) to add. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| MapArea | A new MapArea with the Coords all shifted by the given amount in x and y directions. |
Equality(MapArea, MapArea)
Compares for equality. Returns true if the two MapAreas are the same reference, or if they contain exactly the same points.
Declaration
public static bool operator ==(MapArea lhs, MapArea rhs)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| MapArea | lhs | First MapArea to compare. |
| MapArea | rhs | Second MapArea to compare. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean | True if the MapAreas contain exactly the same points, false otherwise. |
Inequality(MapArea, MapArea)
Inequality comparison -- true if the two areas do NOT contain exactly the same points.
Declaration
public static bool operator !=(MapArea lhs, MapArea rhs)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| MapArea | lhs | First MapArea to compare. |
| MapArea | rhs | Second MapArea to compare. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean | True if the MapAreas do NOT contain exactly the same points, false otherwise. |


It prepares individuals to apply scientific and mathematical principles to the design, analysis, verification, validation, implementation, and maintenance of computer software systems using a variety of computer languages such as Java, C++ or python. Includes instruction in discrete mathematics, probability and statistics, computer science, managerial science, and applications to complex computer systems.
Graphic Designers determine the aesthetic appeal of a Web site, application etc as well as ensuring its user-friendliness. They create the images used for program buttons and icons, help files, splash screens (that depict two-dimensional images of customer products), box sets (that set those product images into a three-dimensional figure), and other illustrative art that appears on the webpages. Graphic Designers should have courses in computer graphics techniques, computer science, communications and graphic design with experience of major software packages such as PhotoShop, Quark, PageMaker, Adobe Illustrator and similar software.
Data scientists use scientific principles to study large amounts of data and develop software to extract and analyze valuable kernels of knowledge from massive datasets. Data scientists study programming, data analytics, and database management, Mathematics (including statistics), history, social studies, and philosophy.
Applications, or Programs, or systems are sets of codes that instruct computers on how to perform. Software developers create these by developing and/or writing this code. Developers must consider every aspect of how an application or system will function, what users will do with it, and what might go wrong. Software developers should study Software Design, Introduction to Computer Systems, Fundamentals of Programming, Discrete Structures for Computer Science, Advanced Algebra, computer architecture and design strategy, HTML, artificial intelligence tools, and object-oriented programming languages such as Java, Python, and C++.
Systems Administrator usually is involved with operational software and hardware installations and configurations, may be concerned with application installations and upgrades, and may also perform systems programming activities
In computer engineering, computer architecture is a set of rules and methods that describe the functionality, organization, and implementation of computer systems. The main goal is to use their skills to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of computer systems. Skills needed technology methodologies, system architecture, and network infrastructure, as well as some knowledge of computer programming languages and the ability to analyze software, network, and hardware connectivity.
AI Scientists develop algorithms that explain specific characteristics of human intelligence, such as applying rules to make decisions, recognizing patterns, doing steps in logical order, or assessing how to improve task performance. AI Scientists generally work on several projects at a time. Tasks for AI Scientists are varied each day. For example, they may read scientific literature; conduct experiments; meet with colleagues to discuss research projects; and work on scholarly articles or presentations. Courses include computer programming and writing and other problem-solving and analytical building courses. Also need strong communication, interpersonal, and teamwork skills. Many employers expect candidates to have completed a few years of postdoctoral training.
Information security analysts protect an organization’s computer systems and networks from unauthorized intrusion by cyber attacks. Have special licensing requirements. Courses includes Internet security, Threat management, programming, database management, computer science, and related areas. IS analysts have normal business hours, but may have to be on call at night and on weekends in case of an emergency.
Three branches- Robotics engineers design, develop, build, and program robots and robotic devices, including peripheral equipment and computer software used to control robots. Robotics technicians assist robotics engineers in tasks relating to the design, development, production, testing, operation, repair, and maintenance of robots and robotic devices. Robotics Researchers are involved in the scientific study and practical application of robots. Includes instruction in the principles of robotics, design and operational testing, system maintenance and repair procedures, robot computer systems and control language, specific system types and applications to specific industrial tasks, research experiences, and report preparation.
Computer and information research scientists find new approaches to computing technology as well as studying and solving complex problems in computing for business, science, and other fields. They create and improve computer hardware and software and work at a more theoretical level than other computer professionals.


Propose a new Residential Parking Zone (RPZ)
Tools:
Step 1: Draw line(s) on map
Step 2: Create image with Print button
Step 3: Send us the image
- Click Printout link generated in Step 2
- Mobile Device: Share image to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>- Computer:
Right-click image and
select 'Copy' or 'Copy image',
paste into
email (Ctrl v),
and send to rpp@cityoftacoma.org


WITNESS LIST Higher Education (Interim) Committee March 22, 2004 - 9:00A Higher Education Accountability ON: Black, Bob (Texas Tech University System, Board of Regents), Horseshoe Bay, TX Brown, Commissioner Don (Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board), Austin, TX Gardner, Dr. David (Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board), Austin, TX Hugetz, Edward (University of Houston System), Houston, TX Jackson, Chancellor Lee (University of North Texas System/Texas Council of Public Univeristy Presidents and Chancellors), Denton, TX Malandra, Geri (University of Texas System), Austin, TX Smith, Dr. David (Texas Tech University System), Lubbock, TX Taylor Krier, Cyndi (University of Texas System), Austin, TX Yudof, Chancellor Mark (University of Texas System), Austin, TX


--- layout: default title: Css3 3d Shape Generator —— generate css3 shape (cube, pyramid, cylinder, prism, sphere, fan, polyhedral iframe, ladder row: false ---
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DataCommons.org
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Previously, I was a post-doctoral researcher in the Geochemistry section at the Alfred-Wegener Institute, Germany. My research focused on understanding the role of the ocean in controlling Earth's climate on glacial-interglacial timescales. I worked as part of the COPTER project, which aimed to quantify the rates of carbon dioxide outgassing from the South Pacific over the last deglaciation.
I used a range of geochemical proxies (e.g. Δ14C, δ11B, δ18O, δ13C) measured on benthic and planktonic foraminifera to reconstruct changes in the carbonate chemistry of South Pacific. I also developed a novel proxy for reconstructing past ocean pH using foraminiferal δ7Li.
A geochemical approach to reconstruct modern dust fluxes and sources to the South Pacific, M. Wengler, F. Lamy, T. Struve, A. Borunda, P. Böning, W. Geibert, G, Kuhn, K. Pahnke, J. Roberts, R. Tiedemann, G. Winckler, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 264, 205-223, (2019) doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2019.08.024
Consistently dated Atlantic sediment cores over the last 40 thousand years, C. Waelbroeck, B.C. Lougheed, N. Vazquez Riveiros, L. Missiaen, J. Pedro, T. Dokken, I. Hajdas, L. Wacker, P. Abbott, J.-P. Dumoulin, F. Thil, F. Eynaud, L. Rossignol, W. Fersi, A.L. Albuquerque, H. Arz, W.E.N. Austin, R. Came, A.E. Carlson, J.A. Collins, B. Dennielou, S. Desprat, A. Dickson, M. Elliot, C. Farmer, J. Giraudeau, J. Gottschalk, J. Henderiks, K. Hughen, S. Jung, P. Knutz, S. Lebreiro, D.C. Lund, J. Lynch-Stieglitz, B. Malaizé, T. Marchitto, G. Martínez-Méndez, G. Mollenhauer, F. Naughton, S. Nave, D. Nürnberg, D. Oppo, V. Peck, F.J.C. Peeters, A. Penaud, R. da Costa Portilho-Ramos, J. Repschläger, J. Roberts, C. Rühlemann, E. Salgueiro, M.F.S. Goni, J. Schönfeld, P. Scussolini, L.C. Skinner, C. Skonieczny, D. Thornalley, S. Toucanne, D. Van Rooij, L. Vidal, A.H.L. Voelker, M. Wary, S. Weldeab & M. Ziegler, Scientific Data, 6, 1, (2019), doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0173-8
Lithium isotopic composition of benthic foraminifera: A new proxy for paleo-pH reconstruction, J. Roberts, K. Kaczmarek, G. Langer, L.C. Skinner, J. Bijma, H. Bradbury, A.V. Turchyn, F. Lamy, S. Misra, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 236, (2018), doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2018.02.038
Disentangling Diagenesis From the Rock Record: An Example From the Permo-Triassic Wordie Creek Formation, East Greenland, J. Roberts, A.V. Turchyn, P.B. Wignall, R. Newton, C.H. Vane, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 19, (2018), doi.org/10.1002/2017GC007259
Deglacial changes in flow and frontal structure through the Drake Passage, J. Roberts, I.N. McCave, E.L. McClymont, S. Kender, C.-D. Hillenbrand, R. Matano, D.A. Hodell, V.L. Peck, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 474,397-408, (2017), doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.07.004
Evolution of South Atlantic density and chemical stratification across the last deglaciation, J. Roberts, J. Gottschalk, L.C. Skinner, V.L. Peck, S. Kender, H. Elderfield, C. Waelbroeck, N. Vázquez Riveiros, D.A. Hodell, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,113, 3, 514-519, (2016), doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1511252113
Quantified effects of abundance changes and bioturbation on proxy records in marine sediment cores, J. Roberts, F. Lamy, A. Mackensen, M. Sarnthein, J. Southon, R. Tiedemann, R. Paleoceanography, (in rev.)
Lithium incorporation and isotope fractionation in planktonic foraminifera, part I: The role of pH, K. Kaczmarek, S. Misra, M. Greaves, J. Roberts, M. Raitzsch, J. Bijma, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, (in rev.)
Lithium incorporation and isotope fractionation in planktonic foraminifera, part II: Li/Ca trends across glacial-interglacial transitions, K. Kaczmarek, S. Misra, M. Greaves, J. Roberts, M. Raitzsch, J. Bijma, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, (in rev.)
Deep water formation in the glacial South Pacific and the deglacial release of CO2, J. Roberts, S. Misra, J.B.W. Rae, L.C. Skinner, M. Butzin, H. Grotheer, R. Shuttleworth, G. Mollenhauer, J. Bijma, F. Tiedemann, F. Lamy, (in prep.)
Insights into Glacial Terminations from a South Atlantic Perspective, J. Roberts, University of Cambridge, (2016). doi.org/10.17863/CAM.13432
Recently, I co-led the IODP short-drilling proposal (APL846), in which we proposed to drill a long sequence of sediments from the Falkland Island shelf slope. Our proposal was successful and has now been scheduled for March 2019 to be part of the larger expedition 382 to Iceberg Alley in the Scotia Sea.
This script provides you with the formulae required to convert foraminifera δ11B into pH.
This file contains 1o x 1o gridded data of pre-industrial alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon. This data can be imported directly into Ocean Data View or can be opened in R using the package 'ncdf4'.
This file contains 1o x 1o gridded data of pre-industrial pH. This data can be imported directly into Ocean Data View or can be opened in R using the package 'ncdf4'.
This file contains 1o x 1o gridded data of pre-industrial δ11Bborate. This data can be imported directly into Ocean Data View or can be opened in R using the package 'ncdf4'.
This file contains an excel spreadsheet that can allow you to log counts of anything (foraminifera, IRD etc.). This is a lot quicker than jotting down counts with pen and paper and is particularly useful if you have a keyboard with a numeric keypad.
Here are a set of macros designed by Simon Crowhurst to allow you to rapidly interpolate between data points in Excel. This is very useful for age modelling and provides much of the functionality of Analyseries, but in Excel.


Your are Mountain Bike Racer and have a race to win. Your physical condition is important but so is your ride.
Adjust your bike with different parts to reach your goal performance.
Select your gear wisely and ride on!
Click on any of the bike parts over there.
You will be given a random performance number at the start of the race.
There are three different parts for your bike below.
By clicking on one part you will add a specific amount of performance points to your total score.
You win the race by reaching excatly your performance score, you loose the race if your total
performance score goes above requirement. Don't over do it!
The performance improvement value of each part is not provided until you click on each piece
of equipment and the value changes everytime a new race start.
Wins:
Losses:


jl777c
26-Apr-19 09:46 AM
that is like changing PoW equipment because some miners use silly inefficient equipment
the purpose of dPoW primarily is to secure the networks. The game theory of NN is to maximize notarizations
as the maximum notarization helps overall security, this is both simple and aligned
I dont think there is any actual proof that better ping time helps notarizations in statistically meaningful ways
certainly a node with horrible connectivity wont do well, but that is not surprising
the notarization protocol takes many seconds to complete. ping times less than a second likely wont affect results that much


Hello! It's nice to meet you. My name is Robert Nazinitsky and I'm a 22 year old student at the University of South Florida. I'm a dual major student with my first degree being Finance with a concentration in asset management and my second degree is in Business Analytics and Information Systems. I'm currently a senior and I'm set to graduate at the end of this semester in December 2019. The part that interests me most about finance is the investing aspect and the varying amounts of risks that come with the wide variety of assets. I consider myself to have very strong quantitative skills and am interested in pursuing a masters degree in finance, so that I can become a quantitative analyst in the future. New technology fascinates me, and while I'm bearish on the long-term value of bitcoin, I think blockchain-technology is fascinating and may be the key the improving modern day systems.
I'm originally from the east coast of Florida, but I'm currently living in Tampa while I attend school. I was born in Wellington and lived in Palm Beach Gardens up until I started college. Almost all of my family from both parents are from New York and I've spent many summer and winter vacations visiting family and working in the city. Here's a picture from last winter break, when I visited the New York Stock Exchange with my family.
I love all beach related activities, but my two favorite things to do are fishing and surfing. I'd be at the beach all hours of the day, even living there if I could. I spend a lot of time reading and whenever I can, I like to cook and have people over for dinner. If you have any good recipes that you want to share, please by all means send them to me. I'd love to try them out.
If you're interested in hiring me or seeing where I've worked previously. Here is my current resume:
Here are a few cool things I've completed while in school.
This was a pretty cool visually made in tableau to help understand why employees were leaving the company. A few things that were causing the attrition were due to a difference in salaries across employees for similar jobs. Also, employees that worked closer to the companies headquarters were promoted more often then those employees who lived further away.
Here I calculated the value of an annuity in excel in two different ways. One way utilized built in excel functions, while the other was calculated with normal math operations to discount the cash flows into present values or future values.
Lastly, this shows the payments made for amortizing a loan amount of $100,000.00. This was done to show the amount of interest that's actually paid onto of the principal loan amount to show how the value of money is worth more over time.