* 4 eggs, plus 2 eggs, beaten, for egg wash
* 3 cups all-purpose flour, plus additional for dusting
* 1/2 cup water
* Ricotta Cheese Filling
Instruction
In an electric mixer fitted with a dough hook, add eggs, 1 at a time, and mix.
Continue mixing and add all the flour and water; continue mixing until it forms a ball.
Sprinkle some flour on work surface, and knead the dough until elastic and smooth.
Wrap the dough in plastic wrap and let it rest for about 30 minutes to allow the gluten to relax.
Cut the ball of dough in half, cover and reserve the dough you are not immediately using to prevent it from drying out.
Dust the counter and dough with flour. Form the dough into a rectangle and roll it through the pasta machine, 2 or 3 times, at its widest setting.
Guide the sheet of dough with the palm of your hand as it emerges from the rollers. Reduce the setting and crank the dough through again, 2 or 3 times.
Continue until the machine is at its narrowest setting. The dough should be paper-thin, about 1/8-inch thick.
Dust the counter and dough with flour, and lay out the long sheet of pasta.
Brush the top surface of dough with egg wash. Drop 1 tablespoon of cooled filling about 2 inches apart on half the sheet of pasta.
Fold the unfilled half over the filling. With an espresso cup or finger, gently press out air pockets around each mound of filling and form a seal.
Use a crimper to cut each pillow into squares. Check to make sure the crimped edges are well sealed before cooking.
If making ravioli in advance, dust with cornmeal to prevent them from sticking.
Cook the ravioli in plenty of boiling water for 10 to 15 minutes. Ravioli will float to the top when cooked so be careful not to overcrowd the pot.
Lift the ravioli from water with a large strainer or slotted spoon. Plate the pasta, top with your favorite pasta sauce and grated cheese before serving.
Ricotta Cheese Filling
* 1 cup ricotta cheese, well drained
* 1 egg
* Salt and pepper
In a mixing bowl, thoroughly combine all ingredients. Chill in the refrigerator a few minutes to firm up the filling.


SLA Generator
Threat Modeling & Security Controls Selection
This wizard will guide you through the main steps of the application which together constitute the
| SLA Generation: |
- Insert System Detail
- Threat Modeling
- Ranking
- Security Controls Selection
- Security Metrics
- Build SLA
|
Start Application »


{% extends 'intentions/base.html' %}
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Quadratic equation
It's just a simple ui tool for quadratic equation calculation (
Theory
)
Number A
Number B
Number C
Calculate
Sources on Github


Gyan-NamChain
User Id
Certificates
Share
Download pdf
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Get QR Code
History
Settings
Recently issued
Date of issuance:12.03.2019
Recently shared
Date of sharing:15.04.2020


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Select payment method
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OKPay Wallet ID
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Perfect Money Wallet ID
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Beneficiary Name
Bank SWIFT
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Extra options
Lock to Email
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Card Number
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The 7D2D Launcher was created to help 7 Days To Die players and server administrators keep their moddified files updated.
One of the most frustrating aspects of connecting a modded 7 Days to Die server was getting out of date, or missing, icons or requiring extra mods to play. Players would have to seek out forum posts or server administrators in order to get information about the latest versions reqiored by the server. In popular forum threads, this information could span across several pages, and not always easy to find.
With no current Steam Workshop available, users must resort to a series of forum posts across various web sites, in various formats, and confusing instructions.
The 7D2D Launcher is aimed at creating a more uniform experience to players, admins, and modders.
The 7D2D Launcher will load an XML file, that is maintained by your server administrators. This file will contain download links and other server information. The 7D2D Launcher will display the relevant information to you, allowing you to select a server to connect to.
Once you have selected an individual server, the 7D2D Launcher will make a copy of an existing copy of your 7 Days to Die, or will let you download a fresh copy from Steam. All you have to do is choose where you want to get the files from, and where you want them to go.
The 7D2D Launcher will keep a copy of the game seperated for each server you wish to connect too. This will allow you to quickly change servers, without worrying about changing or updating mods.
The 7D2D Launcher will download each of the mods fresh each time you play, ensuring that you are using the latest version, each time you play.
Modders can add support for the 7D2D Launcher in one of two ways:
You may follow the same steps as a Server Administrator would, but you do not need to fill in all the values. The important information you would need to enter is:
Server Group Name, Server name, and include Download links.
Here are some examples to get you started:"
Before uploaded your XML, you can use the 7D2D Launcher to test, by going to File, Open File, and selecting the local file.
There are many different service providers that allow you to update and share files. Some of these files will redirect, or hide actual download links, forcing you to visit their landing page for ads. While we are not against ads, it is not possible for the tool to view or use them, so we recommending using direct links.
Support has been included for MediaFire and DropBox. http://envul.com support has been added, if you right click on the "Download Game Mod" link.
Other download providers may need to be tests.
Steam Workshop opens up a huge market place for modders, allowing an easy to deploy and manage modding environment.
However, Steam Workshop is not yet supported by 7 Days to Die. The 7D2D Launcher aims to fill that gap by providing an easy to use and manage deployment strategy while we wait for official Steam Workshop support.
When Steam Workshop support does get released for 7 Days to Die, the 7D2D Launcher will still be available, and work with existing and new mods, for as long as users continue to use it.
You are not required to have a Server Configuration file for your Mod. You could just provide direct links for people to make their own. However, if your mod is somewhat complex, requiring multiple download links, and you want people to always play the latest versions, then you may want to consider providing one.
Here are some examples to get you started:"
The 7D2D Launcher supports a concept called My Mods. This allows users to create local configurations, where they can grab various modder's zip files, and combine them locally, using your provided downloaded zip files. Their 7D2D Launcher will always download the latest at the download paths, keeping them up to date.
Here are some examples to get you started:"
If you only need a single configuration, you can remove the second Server Node.
The structure of your zip file will be more important with 7D2D Launcher support. The zip will will be extract in the top level of the game's folder, so the structure of the zip file should support placing the files in the correct locations.
Here are some examples to get you started:"
If you only need a single configuration, you can remove the second Server Node.
The only requirements for the location of the Server Configuration is that it's in a consistent location, that allows editing of the file without changing the URL. A free service such as TextUploader would be good. Simply make an account, and add your contents.
A Server Group is when a server administrator or administrators run one or more servers. For example, a server group could call themselves The Chaotic Clowns, with their own logo. The Chaotic Clowns could be running 5 different modded servers, ranging from vanilla, to experimental, or to a heavily modded server with SDX.
A Server Group allows the launcher to group similarly administered servers under a single configuration file.
However, more than one Server Group could exist in a single configuration file, if necessary.


Interface CsvReader<T>
- Type Parameters:
T
- the entity bean type
public interface CsvReader<T>
This first example doesn't use a CsvCallback
and this means it will
automatically create a transaction, save the customers and commit the
transaction when successful.
try {
File f = new File("src/test/resources/test1.csv");
FileReader reader = new FileReader(f);
CsvReader<Customer> csvReader = DB.createCsvReader(Customer.class);
csvReader.setPersistBatchSize(20);
csvReader.addProperty("status");
// ignore the next property
csvReader.addIgnore();
csvReader.addProperty("name");
csvReader.addDateTime("anniversary", "dd-MMM-yyyy");
csvReader.addProperty("billingAddress.line1");
csvReader.addProperty("billingAddress.city");
csvReader.process(reader);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
-
Method Summary
Modifier and Type Method Description void
addDateTime(String propertyName, String dateTimeFormat)
Add a property with a custom Date/Time/Timestamp format using the default Locale.void
addDateTime(String propertyName, String dateTimeFormat, Locale locale)
Add a property with a custom Date/Time/Timestamp format.void
addIgnore()
Ignore the next column of data.void
addProperty(String propertyName)
Define the property which will be loaded from the next column of data.void
addProperty(String propertyName, StringParser parser)
Define the next property and use a custom StringParser to convert the string content into the appropriate type for the property.void
process(Reader reader)
Automatically create a transaction if required to process all the CSV content from the reader.void
process(Reader reader, CsvCallback<T> callback)
Process the CSV content passing the bean to the CsvCallback after each row.void
setAddPropertiesFromHeader()
Same as setHasHeader(true,true);void
setDefaultDateFormat(String defaultDateFormat)
Set the default format to use for Date types.void
setDefaultLocale(Locale defaultLocale)
Explicitly set the default Locale.void
setDefaultTimeFormat(String defaultTimeFormat)
Set the default format to use for Time types.void
setDefaultTimestampFormat(String defaultTimestampFormat)
Set the default format to use for Timestamp types.void
setHasHeader(boolean hasHeader, boolean addPropertiesFromHeader)
Set to true if there is a header row that should be ignored.void
setIgnoreHeader()
Same as setHasHeader(true, false);void
setLogInfoFrequency(int logInfoFrequency)
Set the frequency with which a INFO message will be logged showing the progress of the processing.void
setPersistBatchSize(int persistBatchSize)
Set the batch size for using JDBC statement batching.
-
Method Details
-
setDefaultLocale
Explicitly set the default Locale. -
setDefaultTimeFormat
Set the default format to use for Time types. -
setDefaultDateFormat
Set the default format to use for Date types. -
setDefaultTimestampFormat
Set the default format to use for Timestamp types. -
setPersistBatchSize
Set the batch size for using JDBC statement batching.By default this is set to 20 and setting this to 1 will disable the use of JDBC statement batching.
-
setHasHeader
Set to true if there is a header row that should be ignored.If addPropertiesFromHeader is true then all the properties are added using the default time,date and timestamp formats.
If you have a mix of dateTime formats you can not use this method and must add the properties yourself.
-
setAddPropertiesFromHeader
void setAddPropertiesFromHeader()Same as setHasHeader(true,true);This will use a header to define all the properties to load using the default formats for time, date and datetime types.
-
setIgnoreHeader
void setIgnoreHeader()Same as setHasHeader(true, false);This indicates that there is a header but that it should be ignored.
-
setLogInfoFrequency
Set the frequency with which a INFO message will be logged showing the progress of the processing. You might set this to 1000 or 10000 etc.If this is not set then no INFO messages will be logged.
-
addIgnore
void addIgnore()Ignore the next column of data. -
addProperty
Define the property which will be loaded from the next column of data.This takes into account the data type of the property and handles the String to object conversion automatically.
-
addProperty
Define the next property and use a custom StringParser to convert the string content into the appropriate type for the property. -
addDateTime
Add a property with a custom Date/Time/Timestamp format using the default Locale. This will convert the string into the appropriate java type for the given property (Date, Calendar, SQL Date, Time, Timestamp, JODA etc). -
addDateTime
Add a property with a custom Date/Time/Timestamp format. This will convert the string into the appropriate java type for the given property (Date, Calendar, SQL Date, Time, Timestamp, JODA etc). -
process
Automatically create a transaction if required to process all the CSV content from the reader.This will check for a current transaction. If there is no current transaction then one is started and will commit (or rollback) at the end of processing. This will also set the persistBatchSize on the transaction.
- Throws:
Exception
-
process
Process the CSV content passing the bean to the CsvCallback after each row.This provides you with the ability to modify and process the bean.
When using a CsvCallback the reader WILL NOT create a transaction or save the bean(s) for you. If you want to insert the processed beans you must create your own transaction and save the bean(s) yourself.
- Throws:
Exception
-


Welcome to Unitool! You can convert different units and many more!
Just choose link you are interested in and let's calculate!
Random number generator
Temperature converter
Currency converter


Here is the source code for Data Structures and Algorithm Analysis in C++ (Second Edition), by Mark Allen Weiss. The materials here are copyrighted.
I have successfully compiled and tested the programs under Borland 5.0, Visual C++ 5.0 and 6.0, CodeWarrior Pro Release 2 (Windows), g++ 2.7.2 and 2.8.1, and SunPro 4.1. Greg Ozbirn from U.T. Dallas has rewritten the code using ANSI C++. This mostly involves fixing the header files. Click here to obtain the ANSI C++ conversion
mystring.h: If you don't have a string type
string.cpp: If you don't have a string type
vector.h: If you don't have a vector type
vector.cpp: If you don't have a vector type
dsexceptions.h: Simple exception classes
Fig01_02.cpp: A simple recursive routine with a test program
Fig01_03.cpp: An example of infinite recursion
Fig01_04.cpp: Recursive routine to print numbers, with a test program
Fig01_05.cpp: Simplest IntCell class, with a test program
Fig01_06.cpp: IntCell class with a few extras, with a test program
IntCell.h: IntCell class interface (Fig 1.7)
IntCell.cpp: IntCell class implementation (Fig 1.8)
TestIntCell.cpp: IntCell test program (Fig 1.9)
Fig01_10.cpp: Illustration of using the vector class
Fig01_11.cpp: Dynamically allocating an IntCell object (lame)
BuggyIntCell.cpp: Buggy IntCell class implementation (Figs 1.14 and 1.15)
Fig01_16.cpp: IntCell class with pointers and Big Three
FindMax.cpp: Function template FindMax (Figs 1.17 and 1.18)
Fig01_19.cpp: MemoryCell class template without separation
MemoryCell.h: MemoryCell class interface (Fig 1.20)
MemoryCell.cpp: MemoryCell class implementation (Fig 1.21)
TestMemoryCell.cpp: MemoryCell test program (Fig 1.22)
Fig01_23.cpp: Using Comparable templates: Employee class example
MaxSumTest.cpp: Various maximum subsequence sum algorithms
Fig02_09.cpp: Test program for binary search
Fig02_10.cpp: Euclid's algorithm, with a test program
Fig02_11.cpp: Recursive exponentiation algorithm, with a test program
LinkedList.h: Header file for linked list
LinkedList.cpp: Implementation for linked list
TestLinkedList.cpp: Test program for linked list package
CursorList.h: Header file for cursor linked list
CursorList.cpp: Implementation for cursor linked list
TestCursorList.cpp: Test program for cursor implementation of linked lists
StackAr.h: Header file for stack: array version
StackAr.cpp: Implementation for stack: array version
TestStackAr.cpp: Test program for (array-based) stacks
StackLi.h: Header file for stack: list version
StackLi.cpp: Implementation for stack: list version
TestStackLi.cpp: Test program for (list-based) stacks
QueueAr.h: Header file for queue: array version
QueueAr.cpp: Implementation for queue: array version
TestQueueAr.cpp: Test program for queues
BinarySearchTree.h: Header file for binary search tree
BinarySearchTree.cpp: Implementation for binary search tree
TestBinarySearchTree.cpp: Test program for binary search tree
AvlTree.h: Header file for AVL tree
AvlTree.cpp: Implementation for AVL tree
TestAvlTree.cpp: Test program for AVL trees
SeparateChaining.h: Header file for separate chaining
SeparateChaining.cpp: Implementation for separate chaining
TestSeparateChaining.cpp: Test program for separate chaining hash tables
QuadraticProbing.h: Header file for quadratic probing hash table
QuadraticProbing.cpp: Implementation for quadratic probing hash table
TestQuadraticProbing.cpp: Test program for quadratic probing hash tables
BinaryHeap.h: Header file for binary heap
BinaryHeap.cpp: Implementation for binary heap
TestBinaryHeap.cpp: Test program for binary heaps
LeftistHeap.h: Header file for leftist heap
LeftistHeap.cpp: Implementation for leftist heap
TestLeftistHeap.cpp: Test program for leftist heaps
BinomialQueue.h: Header file for binomial queue
BinomialQueue.cpp: Implementation for binomial queue
TestBinomialQueue.cpp: Test program for binomial queues
Sort.h: A collection of sorting and selection routines
TestSort.cpp: Test program for sorting and selection routines
DisjSets.h: Header file for disjoint sets algorithms
DisjSets.cpp: Efficient implementation of disjoint sets algorithm
TestFastDisjSets.cpp: Test program for disjoint sets algorithm
Fig10_38.cpp: Simple matrix multiplication algorithm with a test program
Fig10_40.cpp: Algorithms to compute Fibonacci numbers
Fig10_43.cpp: Inefficient recursive algorithm (see text)
Fig10_45.cpp: Better algorithm to replace fig10_43.c (see text)
Fig10_53.cpp: All-pairs algorithm, with a test program
Random.h: Header file for random number class
Random.cpp: Implementation for random number class
TestRandom.cpp: Test program for random number class
Fig10_62.cpp: Randomized primality testing algorithm, with a test program
SplayTree.h: Header file for top-down splay tree
SplayTree.cpp: Implementation for top-down splay tree
TestSplayTree.cpp: Test program for splay trees
DSL.h: Header file for deterministic skip list
DSL.cpp: Implementation for deterministic skip list
TestDSL.cpp: Test program for determinstic skip lists
RedBlackTree.h: Header file for top-down red black tree
RedBlackTree.cpp: Implementation for top-down red black tree
TestRedBlackTree.cpp: Test program for red black trees
Treap.h: Header file for treap
Treap.cpp: Implementation for treap
TestTreap.cpp: Test program for treap
AATree.h: Header file for AA-tree
AATree.cpp: Implementation for AA-tree
TestAATree.cpp: Test program for AA-trees
KdTree.cpp: Implementation and test program for k-d trees
PairingHeap.h: Header file for pairing heap
PairingHeap.cpp: Implementation for pairing heap
TestPairingHeap.cpp: Test program for pairing heaps
FigA_04.cpp: Example of push_back with vectors
FigA_05.cpp: Queue implemented with STL list
FigA_06.cpp: Example of set with reverse order
Concordance1.cpp: Concordance program using STL
Concordance2.cpp: Concordance program not using STL


| TELEVISION SCHEDULE FOR 2011-2012 | ||||||
ABC |
8:00 P.M. | 8:30 P.M. | 9:00 P.M. | 9:30 P.M. | 10:00 P.M. | 10:30 P.M. |
| MONDAY | Dancing With The Stars 09-19-2011(SP) |
Castle 09-19-2011(SP) |
||||
| TUESDAY | Dancing With The Stars 09-20-2011(SP) |
Body Of Proof 09-20-2011(SP) |
||||
Last Man Standing 10-11-2011(P) |
||||||
Last Man Standing 10-18-2011(TPP) |
Man Up 10-18-2011(P) |
|||||
| WEDNESDAY | Middle, The 09-21-2011(SP) |
Modern Family 09-21-2011(SP) |
Revengey 09-21-2011(P) |
|||
Middle, The 09-28-2011(TPP) |
Suburgatory 09-28-2011(P) |
Modern Family 09-28-2011(TPP) |
Happy Endings 09-28-2011(SP) |


Cisco-IOS-XR-sysdb-oper API API Reference
API generated from<EMAIL_ADDRESS>API Endpoint
http://{Controller-IP}:{Controller-Port}/restconf/config/network-topology:network-topology/topology/topology-netconf/node/inetri/yang-ext:mount/
URL '/' code: %2F
Schemes: http
Version: 1.0.0
Paths
SYSDB-CONNECTIONS - Retrieve
Retrieve operation of resource: sysdb-connections
Successful operation
Internal Error
NODES - Retrieve
Retrieve operation of resource: nodes
Successful operation
Internal Error
Response Content-Types: application/json
Response Example (200 OK)
{
"node": [
{
"connections": "string",
"node-name": "string"
}
]
}
NODE - Retrieve
Retrieve operation of resource: node
ID of node-name
Successful operation
Internal Error
Response Content-Types: application/json
Response Example (200 OK)
{
"connections": "string",
"node-name": "string"
}
SYSDB - Retrieve
Retrieve operation of resource: sysdb
Successful operation
Internal Error
Response Content-Types: application/json
Response Example (200 OK)
{
"ipc-space": "string",
"configuration-space": "string",
"cpu": "string",
"memory": "string"
}
Schema Definitions
sysdb-connections_schema:
Sysdb health on client connections
- nodes: object
-
Node operational data
-
- node: object[]
-
Per-node Sysdb health on connection
-
object - connections: string
-
Per-node Sysdb Client Connections
- node-name: string
-
Node name
Example
{
"nodes": {
"node": [
{
"connections": "string",
"node-name": "string"
}
]
}
}
nodes_schema:
Node operational data
- node: object[]
-
Per-node Sysdb health on connection
-
object - connections: string
-
Per-node Sysdb Client Connections
- node-name: string
-
Node name
Example
{
"node": [
{
"connections": "string",
"node-name": "string"
}
]
}
node_schema:
- connections: string
-
Per-node Sysdb Client Connections
- node-name: string
-
Node name
Example
{
"connections": "string",
"node-name": "string"
}
sysdb_schema:
sysdb
- ipc-space: string
-
Sysdb health for operational space
- configuration-space: string
-
Sysdb health for configuration space
- cpu: string
-
Sysdb health on cpu consumption
- memory: string
-
Sysdb health on memory consumption
Example
{
"ipc-space": "string",
"configuration-space": "string",
"cpu": "string",
"memory": "string"
}


Instructions
Guidelines:
Sample task:
Example Question: Which Australian state has the third number percentage of registered births in the country?
Victoria
New South Wales
Queensland
South Australia
Continue
Instructions
Sample task:
Select your second favorite fruit:
Apples
Oranges
Pears
Grapefruit
Select your second favorite fruit:
Apples
Oranges
Pears
Grapefruit
Select your second favorite fruit:
Apples
Oranges
Pears
Grapefruit
Select your second favorite fruit:
Apples
Oranges
Pears
Grapefruit
Select your second favorite fruit:
Apples
Oranges
Pears
Grapefruit
Input data for task
Next
Prev
Show instructions
Any comments or feedback?
Submit


|
|||||||||
| PREV PACKAGE NEXT PACKAGE | FRAMES NO FRAMES |
| Interface Summary | |
|---|---|
| Constants | |
| DataInput | The DataInput interface provides methods to read data. |
| DataOutput | The DataOutput interface provides methods to write data. |
| Replacer | Object replacer, used in object serialization.. |
| Serializable | This is the interface implemented by classes that have been rewritten using IOGenerator. |
| SerializationInput | The SerializationInput interface specifies which methods
must be implemented by any serialization input stream type. |
| SerializationOutput | The SerializationOutput interface specifies which methods
must be implemented by any serialization output stream type. |
| Class Summary | |
|---|---|
| BufferedArrayInputStream | This is a complete implementation of DataInputStream . |
| BufferedArrayOutputStream | This is a complete implementation of DataOutputStream . |
| ByteSerializationInputStream | The ByteSerializationInputStream class can be used when
only byte serialization is needed. |
| ByteSerializationOutputStream | The ByteSerializationOutputStream class can be used when
only byte serialization is needed. |
| Conversion | |
| DataInputStream | A general data input stream. |
| DataOutputStream | A general data output stream. |
| DataOutputStreamSplitter | Contract: write to multiple outputstreams. |
| DataSerializationInputStream | This is the SerializationInputStream version that is used
for Data serialization. |
| DataSerializationOutputStream | This is the SerializationOutputStream version that is used
for data serialization. |
| DeepCopy | Exports a single static method that creates a deep copy of any serializable object. |
| DummyInputStream | An InputStream that can be placed on top of any existing
java.io.InputStream . |
| DummyOutputStream | An OutputStream that can be placed on top of any existing
java.io.OutputStream . |
| Generator | The Generator class is the base class for IOGenerator-generated
classes that are generated for a single purpose: to have a method that
generates a new instance of an object by reading it from a
IbisSerializationInputStream . |
| HandleHash | A hash table that aims for speed for pairs (Object, int). |
| IbisSerializationInputStream | This is the SerializationInputStream version that is used
for Ibis serialization. |
| IbisSerializationOutputStream | This is the SerializationOutputStream version that is used
for Ibis serialization. |
| IbisVector | |
| IOProperties | Collects all system properties used by the ibis.io package. |
| OutputStreamSplitter | Contract: write to multiple outputstreams. |
| SerializationBase | A base class for all Ibis serialization classes, providing some method implementations that they share. |
| SerializationTimer | |
| SimpleBigConversion | |
| SimpleLittleConversion | |
| SunSerializationInputStream | The SunSerializationInputStream class is the "glue" between
SerializationInputStream and ObjectInputStream . |
| SunSerializationOutputStream | The SunSerializationOutputStream class is the "glue" between
SerializationOutputStream and ObjectOutputStream . |
| Exception Summary | |
|---|---|
| IbisIOException | |
| SplitterException |
| Error Summary | |
|---|---|
| SerializationError |
|
|||||||||
| PREV PACKAGE NEXT PACKAGE | FRAMES NO FRAMES |


[Summary] [Package List] [Test Cases]
| Tests | Errors | Failures | Skipped | Success Rate | Time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100% | 44.373 |
Note: failures are anticipated and checked for with assertions while errors are unanticipated.
[Summary] [Package List] [Test Cases]
| Package | Tests | Errors | Failures | Skipped | Success Rate | Time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| com.satish.kappera.library.test | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100% | 44.373 |
Note: package statistics are not computed recursively, they only sum up all of its testsuites numbers.
| Class | Tests | Errors | Failures | Skipped | Success Rate | Time | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BookServiceTest | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100% | 8.154 | |
| HttpRequestTest | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100% | 34.555 | |
| LibraryServiceTest | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100% | 1.664 |
[Summary] [Package List] [Test Cases]
| whenCreateBook_thenReturnNewBook | 0.289 | |
| whenUpdateBook_thenReturnUBook | 0.103 | |
| whenGetAllBooks_thenReturnBookList | 0.123 |
| createBooks | 30.047 |
| whenGetAllLibraries_thenReturLibraryList | 0.081 |


Reports
static
inner classes annotated with
@Nested
.
@Nested
annotation can't be used on
static
classes.
New in 2018.2


EmpiricalCalibration is part of HADES.
This R package contains routines for performing empirical calibration of observational study estimates. By using a set of negative control hypotheses we can estimate the empirical null distribution of a particular observational study setup. This empirical null distribution can be used to compute a calibrated p-value, which reflects the probability of observing an estimated effect size when the null hypothesis is true taking both random and systematic error into account, as described in the paper Interpreting observational studies: why empirical calibration is needed to correct p-values.
Also supported is empirical calibration of confidence intervals, based on the results for a set of negative and positive controls, as described in the paper Empirical confidence interval calibration for population-level effect estimation studies in observational healthcare data.
data(sccs) #Load one of the included data sets
<- sccs[sccs$groundTruth == 0,] #Select the negative controls
negatives <- fitNull(logRr = negatives$logRr, seLogRr = negatives$seLogRr) #Fit the null distribution
null <- sccs[sccs$groundTruth == 1,] #Select the positive control
positive
#Create the plot above:
plotCalibrationEffect(logRrNegatives = negatives$logRr,
seLogRrNegatives = negatives$seLogRr,
logRrPositives = positive$logRr,
seLogRrPositives = positive$seLogRr,
null = null)
#Compute the calibrated p-value:
calibrateP(null = null, logRr = positive$logRr, seLogRr = positive$seLogRr) #Compute calibrated p-value
1] 0.8390598 [
In R, use the following commands to install the latest stable version from CRAN:
install.packages("EmpiricalCalibration")
To install the latest development version directly from GitHub, use:
install.packages("remotes")
library(remotes)
install_github("ohdsi/EmpiricalCalibration")
Documentation can be found on the package website.
PDF versions of the documentation is also available:
Read here how you can contribute to this package.


China's top chip maker urges US firms to help ease tensions
BEIJING: The head of China's top state-run semiconductor maker, Tsinghua Unigroup Ltd, called on US companies to "do better" in efforts to overcome China-US tech tensions given they continue to profit from the Chinese market.
Semiconductors have been a major flash point in the ongoing trade war between the two countries, with US officials criticising what they say are state-subsidised efforts to undermine the US chip industry.
In recent years China has invested billions of dollars in its semiconductor industry, including contributions to a high-end Tsinghua Unigroup memory chip plant said to be worth US$24 billion.
Tsinghua Unigroup chairman Zhao Weiguo said at a conference in Beijing on Friday that US firms should "relax and sleep well", urging them not to be threatened by China's semiconductor ambitions, and to play a greater role in easing tensions.
"On the one hand, they're earning lots of money here in China, and on the other hand, they're making malicious remarks about China to the US government behind the scenes."
"US companies can do better, especially technology giants. Some American companies do well, and some do not," said Zhao.
Earlier this year, Tsinghua Unigroup said it had begun producing China's first high-end 64-layer 3D NAND flash memory chips, a major competitive technology currently dominated by US and South Korean firms. State media hailed the project as a "breakthrough" in the county's efforts to shorten technological gaps with foreign countries.
China and the US recently agreed to roll back tariffs as part of a pending "phase one" trade deal. Chinese negotiators have previously sought relief from 25 per cent tariffs on a group of goods that include semiconductors.


www.JavaTurk.org
Web Application Programming with Java 4.0 Examples
Examples in this application are all compliant to Servlet 4.0 and Java EE 8.
Latest build date is Nov. 21st 2020
All rights belong to Akin Kaldiroglu.
To contact him please send an email to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>.
Please read ReadMe.html to make some configuration.
Ch01 Introduction to Servlets and JSPs
Ch02 Web Applications Basics
- BasicServlet
Has doGet(), doPost() and doHead() methods and prints out headers. Use WebClient for Post and Head methods.
- OnlyServletvia GET and via POST
Implements Servlet interface, overrides service() method and prints out info on the ServetRequest object.
Ch03 Basics of HTTP
- util.echoserver.EchoServer
runs as a server and listens to port 8888 and prints whatever it gets. Before clicking the link launch it!
- WebClient
is a simple browser that let's you send HTTP requests manually and shows the response received from the server as both text and html.
- HttpClient
A class with a main method that connects to a URL on the web and prints out headers and HTML content downloaded using streams.
Ch04 Servlet Basics
Ch05 Retrieving Information
Ch06 Sending The Response
Ch07 Handling HTML Forms
- GetFormServlet
An HTML page that submits to GetFormServlet using GET method.
- PostFormServlet
An HTML page that submits to PostFormServlet using POST method.
- ParameterServlet
Displays a form in doGet() method and then submits to itself using POST method.
- DefaultValuesFormServlet
Displays a form in doGet() method with default values and then submits to itself using POST method.
Ch08 Session Management
Ch09 Servlet Listener and Events
Ch10 Servlet Filters
Ch11 Servlet 3.0: Advanced Features
Ch12 Servlet 4.0 (In future)
Ch13 Web Application Architectures
- LoginFormView1
The entrance servlet to the Login application built using all-servlets approach that employs the MVC pattern. It uses RequestDispatcher object to dispatch requests.
- LoginController
The controller servlet used for this example.
- LoginFormView
The entrance servlet to the Login application built using Model-2 architecture using servlets as controllers and JSPs as views. It uses RequestDispatcher object to dispatch requests.
- LoginController
The controller servlet used for this example.
- LoginFormSpring
The Spring MVC-implementation of the Login application. All views are in JSPs.
Util
Appendix-1: Databases in Web Applications


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Back to demo list.
Previous demo
Next demo
Demo 2. This is based on my blog entry. This one demonstrates parallelism and pauses.
The TBC code is as follows.
loop( par( out("x0") > pause(1000) > out("x1") , out("y0") > pause(1000) > out("y1") ) > pause(1000) )
The haxe code is here.


About
Portfolio
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Download PDF


Photos of the day: From Ajay Devgn and Nysa’s temple visit to celebs snapped around the town to airport spotting, here’s what made headlines
by TIMESOFINDIA.COMEven though there was no big Bollywood event today, celebrities knew exactly how to keep the paparazzi busy. While Ajay Devgn grabbed attention by visiting a temple with his daughter Nysa, Kareena Kapoor Khan and Sunny Leone turned heads with at the airport.
Ajay Devgn visits temple with daughter Nysa
Father-daughter Ajay Devgn and Nysa were spotted this afternoon, paying a visit to a temple in the area. Dressed in simple casuals, the two were seen offing prayers to the deity and seeking blessings, after which they quickly headed to their waiting car.
Celebs spotted around town
Varun Dhawan and Shraddha Kapoor were snapped in the city by the shutterbugs. Dressed in their casual best, both of them paused and posed for the paparazzi. While Varun looked dapper as ever in his white printed tee and blue ripped jeans, Shraddha looked pretty as a peach in her red tee and blue denims.
Airport spotting
Kareena Kapoor Khan was snapped at the airport as she turned heads with her elegant fashion sense. Dressed in a comfy cotton kurta and straight-cut pants, Kareena nailed her airport look.
Sunny Leone was also snapped at the airport along with husband Daniel Weber and her kids – Nisha, Noah and Asher. Sunny looked like an absolute chic in her neaon green top and black pants. Her cool shades and black boots completed her overall stunning look.


public abstract class ActionUpdaterSimulationQueue extends ActionUpdaterGeneral
AvailableActionsSimulationQueue
instance.| Modifier and Type | Field and Description |
|---|---|
protected ActionQueueSimulationResults |
actionQueueSimulationResults |
private java.util.HashSet<ActionType> |
actionTypes |
protected java.util.HashMap<TypeWrapper,java.lang.Integer> |
informationStorageQueuesActionTypes |
private java.lang.Integer |
lastSimulationTimeStampFrames |
private int |
maxActionQueueIndexOffsetTilEnd |
private int |
nextSimulationTimeStampDifferenceFrames |
private java.util.HashSet<ScoringAction> |
scoringActions |
private ScoringDirector |
scoringDirector |
private SimulationStarter |
simulationActionStarter |
protected java.util.HashMap<TypeWrapper,java.lang.Integer> |
simulationQueueResultActionTypes |
buildActionManager
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
ActionUpdaterSimulationQueue(BuildActionManager buildActionManager) |
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
private static void |
addToTypeWrapperHashMap(java.util.HashMap<TypeWrapper,java.lang.Integer> hashMap,
TypeWrapper wrapper)
Function for adding a TypeWrapper to a HashMap.
|
protected boolean |
canResearchTechnology(BuildActionManager manager,
ActionType actionType)
Function for determining if a technology can be researched or not.
|
protected boolean |
canUpgrade(BuildActionManager manager,
ActionType actionType)
Function for determining if a upgrade can be performed or not.
|
protected abstract ScoringDirector |
defineScoringDirector()
Function for defining which ScoringDirector should be used.
|
protected boolean |
doesRequiredTechExist(BuildActionManager manager,
bwapi.UnitType unitType)
Function for testing if a provided UnitType's required TechType was
already researched by the Player.
|
protected boolean |
doesRequiredTypeExist(BuildActionManager manager,
ActionType actionType)
Function for testing if the required UnitType of the provided
ActionType exists at least once. |
protected boolean |
doesRequiredUnitExist(BuildActionManager manager,
bwapi.TechType techType)
Function for testing if a provided TechType's required UnitType is
present on the map at least once.
|
protected boolean |
doesRequiredUnitExist(BuildActionManager manager,
bwapi.UnitType unitType)
Function for testing if a provided UnitType's required UnitTypes are
present on the map at least once.
|
protected boolean |
doesRequiredUnitExist(BuildActionManager manager,
bwapi.UpgradeType upgradeType)
Function for testing if a provided UpgradeType's required UnitTypes are
present on the map at least once.
|
protected java.util.HashMap<TypeWrapper,java.lang.Integer> |
extractAllForwardedTypes()
Function for extracting all types that got forwarded into the
InformationStorage's Queues and convert them to their TypeWrapper
equivalent.
|
protected java.util.HashMap<TypeWrapper,java.lang.Integer> |
extractAllSimulationResultActions()
Function for extracting all
TypeWrapper s from the
actionQueueSimulationResults . |
protected abstract java.util.HashSet<ActionType> |
generateAllAvailableActionTypes(BuildActionManager buildActionManager)
Function for generating all the available ActionTypes that will be used
inside the different simulations.
|
private boolean |
isActionQueueNearlyFinished()
Function for testing if the index of the action Queue of the
ActionQueueSimulationResults is nearly at the end of the action Queue.
|
protected boolean |
isOneProducingFacilityIdle(BuildActionManager manager,
ActionType actionType)
Function for testing if one completed and idle facility whose UnitType
was defined in the provided
ActionType exists. |
private void |
performNextSimulation(BuildActionManager manager)
Function for performing another / the next simulation iteration.
|
private java.util.HashSet<ScoringAction> |
transformAvailableActionsIntoScoringActions()
Function for transforming the available actions into ScoringActions that
can be used by the ScoringDirector.
|
void |
update(BuildActionManager manager)
General update function which gets called when the implementing classes
should update their corresponding values / references.
|
private void |
updateActionTypesAndScoringActions()
Function for updating the
actionTypes and the
scoringActions as the latter depend on the former ones. |
private void |
updateSimulationStarter(BuildActionManager manager)
Function for updating all information regarding the SimulationStarter.
|
protected boolean |
wasForwardedOrQueued(ActionType actionType)
Function for testing if the provided
ActionType is going to be
forwarded or is currently in one of the waiting Queues of the Bot. |
getActionFromInstance
protected ActionQueueSimulationResults actionQueueSimulationResults
private java.util.HashSet<ActionType> actionTypes
private ScoringDirector scoringDirector
private java.util.HashSet<ScoringAction> scoringActions
protected java.util.HashMap<TypeWrapper,java.lang.Integer> simulationQueueResultActionTypes
protected java.util.HashMap<TypeWrapper,java.lang.Integer> informationStorageQueuesActionTypes
private int maxActionQueueIndexOffsetTilEnd
private java.lang.Integer lastSimulationTimeStampFrames
private int nextSimulationTimeStampDifferenceFrames
private SimulationStarter simulationActionStarter
public ActionUpdaterSimulationQueue(BuildActionManager buildActionManager)
protected abstract ScoringDirector defineScoringDirector()
public void update(BuildActionManager manager)
Updater
manager
- the BuildActionManager whose properties may change.private void updateActionTypesAndScoringActions()
actionTypes
and the
scoringActions
as the latter depend on the former ones. This
function first extracts all information from the different Queues
(training, building, etc.) (->
informationStorageQueuesActionTypes
) as well as the previous
simulation results (-> simulationQueueResultActionTypes
). Then
the generateAllAvailableActionTypes(BuildActionManager)
function
is called from the implementing subclass. The order must be kept due to
the latter one depending on the different Queue results since some
actions must not be taken whilst another one is already queued (I.e.: It
is not advised / allowed for to center buildings to be queued together in
order to prevent errors).protected java.util.HashMap<TypeWrapper,java.lang.Integer> extractAllSimulationResultActions()
TypeWrapper
s from the
actionQueueSimulationResults
. These actions represent the
results of the previous simulation that are still stored but not yet
forwarded to the UnitControlModule / queued inside the training- /
building- / addon- / research- / upgrade-Queue.protected java.util.HashMap<TypeWrapper,java.lang.Integer> extractAllForwardedTypes()
private static void addToTypeWrapperHashMap(java.util.HashMap<TypeWrapper,java.lang.Integer> hashMap, TypeWrapper wrapper)
hashMap
- the HashMap to which a TypeWrapper instance will be counted
towards.wrapper
- the TypeWrapper that will be added towards a HashMap.protected abstract java.util.HashSet<ActionType> generateAllAvailableActionTypes(BuildActionManager buildActionManager)
buildActionManager
- the manager whose actions are being extracted.private java.util.HashSet<ScoringAction> transformAvailableActionsIntoScoringActions()
private void updateSimulationStarter(BuildActionManager manager)
ActionQueueSimulationResults
instance itself when no progress is
being made (fast enough) or starting a new simulation when the existing
action Queue is near its end and a new Queue is needed to further
progress into the game.manager
- the BuildActionManager whose properties / Actions are going to
be updated.private boolean isActionQueueNearlyFinished()
private void performNextSimulation(BuildActionManager manager)
actionTypes
as well as the
scoringActions
with the internal
updateActionTypesAndScoringActions()
function. Afterwards
another simulation is run.manager
- the BuildActionManager whose properties / Actions are going to
be updated and which is used to access the
InformationStorage
instance.protected boolean canResearchTechnology(BuildActionManager manager, ActionType actionType)
ActionType
and
if he is currently not researching it. Also other checks are done:
ActionType
was not already forwarded or is
currently in the research Queue.manager
- the manager which provides access to the
InformationStorage
containing the current Unit counts
as well as the difference Queues.actionType
- the ActionType
(Resulting in a TechType) that is going
to be checked.ActionType
are matched, false if not.protected boolean canUpgrade(BuildActionManager manager, ActionType actionType)
ActionType
and if he is currently not performing it.
Also other checks are done:
ActionType
was not already forwarded or is
currently in the upgrade Queue.manager
- the manager which provides access to the
InformationStorage
containing the current Unit counts
as well as the difference Queues.actionType
- the ActionType
(Resulting in a TechType) that is going
to be checked.ActionType
are matched, false if not.protected boolean doesRequiredTypeExist(BuildActionManager manager, ActionType actionType)
ActionType
exists at least once. This function will fail if the
required type is not a UnitType!manager
- the manager which provides access to the
InformationStorage
containing the current Unit counts.actionType
- the ActionType
(Resulting in a TechType) that is going
to be checked.protected boolean wasForwardedOrQueued(ActionType actionType)
ActionType
is going to be
forwarded or is currently in one of the waiting Queues of the Bot. These
include the building, upgrade, training, research or addon Queue.actionType
- the ActionType
(Resulting in a TechType) that is going
to be checked.ActionType
was forwarded into one of the
InformationStorage
's Queues or if it is still going to be
forwarded to them. Otherwise this function returns false.protected boolean isOneProducingFacilityIdle(BuildActionManager manager, ActionType actionType)
ActionType
exists. The
ActionType
of this function must define a UnitType as
required type. Otherwise this function returns false.manager
- the manager which provides access to the
InformationStorage
containing the current Units.actionType
- the ActionType
(Resulting in a TechType) that is going
to be checked.ActionType
exist(s). Otherwise this function returns false, if either the
required type is not a UnitType or no completed and idling Unit
is found.protected boolean doesRequiredUnitExist(BuildActionManager manager, bwapi.TechType techType)
manager
- the manager which provides access to the
InformationStorage
containing the current Units.techType
- the TechType whose required UnitType is going to be checked.protected boolean doesRequiredUnitExist(BuildActionManager manager, bwapi.UpgradeType upgradeType)
manager
- the manager which provides access to the
InformationStorage
containing the current Units.upgradeType
- the UpgradeType whose required UnitTypes are going to be
checked.protected boolean doesRequiredUnitExist(BuildActionManager manager, bwapi.UnitType unitType)
manager
- the manager which provides access to the
InformationStorage
containing the current Units.unitType
- the UnitType whose required UnitTypes are going to be checked.protected boolean doesRequiredTechExist(BuildActionManager manager, bwapi.UnitType unitType)
manager
- the manager which provides access to the
InformationStorage
containing the current Units.unitType
- the UnitType whose required TechType is going to be checked.


You are asked to write a program
which can
- read an integer is_p (meaing whether to print out A or not), natural number n,
a lower bound integer a_min,
an upper bound integer a_max, and an integer as the random seed rs
- allocate memory for an array A
of n integers (here we assume to use A[1],...,A[n], if you want to use A[0],...,A[n-1], please do whatever necessary changes by yourself)
- using the random seed rs to generate n
random integer numbers which are uniformly
distributed in the range [a_min,
a_max] , and store these n
random integer numbers in A[1],...,A[n].
- if is_p=1 then print out A[1],...A[n] and STOP; Otherwise do nothing and CONTINUE
- write the following 7 sorting functions
- IS(A,n) : do the insertion
sort
- MS(A,1,n) : do the merge
sort
- HS(A,n) : do the heap sort
- QS(A,1,n) : do the quick sort
- CS(A,n,k) : do the counting sort
- RS(A,n,k) : do the radix sort
- BS(A,n) : do the bucket sort
these five functions all sort the same array A in nonincreasing
order (i.e.從大排至小；非從小排至大!！)
- your code should also contain the following 4 other functions
- printout_array(A,1,n) : to printout the integer 1-D array A (from Hw2, or HW4, make necesary changes by yourself)
- duplicate_array(A,B,1,n) : to duplicate
1-D array A to be array B, where both A & B have dimensions 1xn (from HW2, or HW4, make necesary changes by yourself)
- is_A_desc(A,n) : to check whether
A[i]>=A[j] for any i<j
if it passes the checking, then return "1" and printout "order OK!"; otherwise, return "0" and printout
"!!WRONGLY SORTED!!". (from HW4, make necesary changes by yourself)
- mytimer() : to return a time tag.
please use related files in this example
file
To be more specific, your code has to
- read [is_p, n, a_min, a_max, rs] from screen
- allocate memory for 2 arrays of integers A
and B, each with size=n
- using rs to generate n random integers uniformly
distributed in the range [a_min,a_max],
store them in A
- if is_p=1 then print out A and STOP
- copy A to B (i.e. duplicate
A's value into B)
- DO INSERTION SORT
- execute t1=mytimer(), IS(A,n),
execute t2=mytimer(), compute t_is=t2-t1
- execute is_A_desc(A,n), if it returns "0" then print out "!!INSERTION SORT WRONG!!" and STOP.
- copy B back to A so
that A has its original values
- DO MERGE SORT
- execute t1=mytimer(), MS(A,1,n),
execute t2=mytimer(), compute t_ms=t2-t1
- execute is_A_desc(A,n), if it returns "0" then print out "!!MERGE SORT WRONG!!" and STOP.
- copy B back to A so
that A has its original values
- DO HEAP SORT
- execute t1=mytimer(), HS(A,n),
execute t2=mytimer(), compute t_hs=t2-t1
- execute is_A_desc(A,n), if it returns "0" then print out "!!HEAP SORT WRONG!!" and STOP.
- copy B back to A so
that A has its original values
- DO QUICK SORT
- execute t1=mytimer(), QS(A,1,n),
execute t2=mytimer(), compute t_qs=t2-t1
- execute is_A_desc(A,n), if it returns "0" then print out "!!QUICK SORT WRONG!!" and STOP.
- copy B back to A so
that A has its original values
- DO COUNTING SORT
- execute t1=mytimer(), CS(A,n),
execute t2=mytimer(), compute t_cs=t2-t1
- execute is_A_desc(A,n), if it returns "0" then print out "!!COUNTING SORT WRONG!!" and STOP.
- DO RADIX SORT
- execute t1=mytimer(), RS(A,n,k),
execute t2=mytimer(), compute t_rs=t2-t1
- execute is_A_desc(A,n), if it returns "0" then print out "!!RADIX SORT WRONG!!" and STOP.
- DO BUCKET SORT
- execute t1=mytimer(), BS(A,n,k),
execute t2=mytimer(), compute t_bs=t2-t1
- execute is_A_desc(A,n), if it returns "0" then print out "!!BUCKET SORT WRONG!!" and STOP.
- printout n, a_min, a_max, rs, t_is, t_ms, t_hs, t_qs, t_cs, t_rs, and t_bs
- free all the memories and end the program
Thus, if your code stops in the middle somehwere showing
a warning message saying that A is not sorted in nonincreasing
order, that must mean your sorting algorithm is wrong. A correct
code should successfully sort the same n integers without
problems.
Small examples: (suppose your code is compiled with a name "allsort")
allsort (開始執行程式)
Input [is_p,n,a_min,a_max,rs]= 1 10 10 1000 1 (輸入1,10, 10,1000, 1)
783 34 872 546 215 89 965 235 77 284 (輸出10個介於10~1000\的隨機亂整數)
allsort (開始執行程式)
Input [is_p,n,a_min,a_max,rs]= 0 10 10 1000 1 (輸入0,10, 10,1000, 1)
10 10 1000 1 20.1 15.2 14.4 8.9 5.3 7.6 9.7 (輸出 n, a_min, a_max, rs, t_is, t_ms, t_hs, t_qs, t_cs, t_rs, t_bs)
You have to input an n that is large enough (e.g. n=10,000,000,
a_min=1, a_max=10,000,000) to make the computational time differentiable. In particular, you have to test
the following 9 random [n, a_min, a_max] categories:[10000, 1, 10000]; [10000, 10000,30000];
[10000, 1, 30000]; [50000, 1, 50000]; [50000, 20000, 70000];
[50000, 1, 70000]; [100000, 1, 100000]; [100000, 50000,
150000]; [100000, 1, 150000]; For each category, you should generate 20 random cases, each with a different random seed. After the test, make a table
to summarize the average running time (with standard deviation) spent for each algorithm and each category
as the following table, where the blank cells should be filled in with
the mean time (with stdev) spent by algorithms IS, MS, HS, QS, CS, RS and BS, respectively.
| case |
n |
a_min |
a_max |
IS |
MS |
HS |
QS |
CS |
RS |
BS |
| 1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 2 |
|
10,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 3 |
|
1 |
30,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 4 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 5 |
|
20,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 6 |
|
1 |
70,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 7 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 8 |
|
50,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 9 |
100,000 |
1 |
150,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Besides this table, you may conduct more experiments by yourself
and then write down your observation for the computational
time spent for different sorting algorithms in different catogires,
and try to give them a rank showing which one is more efficient
and which one is not, in which situation.
!!Special notice!!:
- In order to handle the totally 20x9=180 test cases automatically (i.e. not by manually input), you had better learn how to write a batch code. In particular, for this homework you may create a file named run_all.bat (in cygwin/unix you should also chmod 777 run_all.bat to make this file executable) which may contain the following scripts:
(!!以下的random seed先暫定為1,2,3,...,180; 實際的設定隨各位高興，只要是180個不同的數字即可!!)
echo 0 10000 1 10000 1 > input.txt
allsort < input.txt > results.txt (!!第一次寫入results.txt!!)
echo 0 10000 1 10000 2 > input.txt
allsort < input.txt >> results.txt (!!將輸出附加在原results.txt內容後面)
... (!!依樣畫葫蘆，產生其它測試cases)
...
echo 0 10000 1 10000 20 > input.txt
allsort < input.txt >> results.txt
echo 0 10000 10000 30000 1 > input.txt
allsort < input.txt >> results.txt
echo 0 10000 10000 30000 2 > input.txt
allsort < input.txt >> results.txt
...
...
echo 0 10000 10000 30000 20 > input.txt
allsort < input.txt >> results.txt
...(!!依樣畫葫蘆，產生其它測試category之cases)
...
...
...
echo 0 100000 1 150000 1 > input.txt
allsort < input.txt >> results.txt
echo 0 100000 1 150000 2 > input.txt
allsort < input.txt >> results.txt
...
...
echo 0 100000 1 150000 20 > input.txt
allsort < input.txt >> results.txt
after you have finished executing this batch file, you can use Excel to open results.txt and conduct statistical analysis on the results (i.e. sorting by n, a_min, a_max, rs, calculate the running time average of the 100 cases for each category).
- You HAVE TO dynamically create an array of n real numbers.
If you use the fixed size (e.g. A[1000]) in your variable
declaration, you will get minus points. (The
TAs may test your codes using a large number (say, n=100000000
or even much more) of random numbers. Thus if you fix the
size of A, your code will show wrong results in our testing.)
- You DO NOT HAVE TO take care of any invalid input (e.g.
if someone input a character/string, your code does not
need to detect these invalid input, even if the output is
invalid.
- This coding assignment WIILL take much time to finish,
so please DO START DOING IT SOON!!
About random number generator: (refer to previous
coding assignment)
About turn-ins:
- you have to create a directory named h3890123_hw4
(where you should replace h3890123 to be your student id),
then put your code(s) into that directory, then go up one
level, zip the whole directory by
zip -r h3890123_hw4.zip h3890123_hw4
then upload that zip file to our class website.
- Note that any late electronic turn-in after 19/01/09
10:00 (iteach.ncku.edu.tw time) will not be allowed.
- Everyone has to print out his/her code on some A4 size
paper and turn this paper version in class by 19/01/09 10:15. No paper version is accepted after
10:15, which means you have to come to class early,
or, at least ask your friend to turn-in it for you early
(if you can't attend the class).
- Do remember to follow the rule to write your comment
part clearly and completely.
- Your paper version should include
the following 4 parts:
- code
- the screen output of 2 small
examples made by yourself (only show the t_is, t_ms,
t_hs, t_qs, and t_cs, with their rank of efficiency);
- the Table of 9 categories (each cell with mean and stdev), you may use whatever suitable units for the valudes (e.g. 1.532*108,...,5.32*10-2,..etc). Or if you want, you may use log scale.
- discussion about your observation
for Also, you should experiment the 9 random cases as
indicated above.
|


Indirection Reference
Indirection Reference
This page is autogenerated; any changes will get overwritten (last generated on Wed May 22 10:47:55 -0700 2013)
About Indirection
Puppet’s indirector support pluggable backends (termini) for a variety of key-value stores (indirections).
Each indirection type corresponds to a particular Ruby class (the “Indirected Class” below) and values are instances of that class.
Each instance’s key is available from its name
method.
The termini can be local (e.g., on-disk files) or remote (e.g., using a REST interface to talk to a puppet master).
An indirector has five methods, which are mapped into HTTP verbs for the REST interface:
find(key)
- get a single value (mapped to GET or POST with a singular endpoint)search(key)
- get a list of matching values (mapped to GET with a plural endpoint)head(key)
- return true if the key exists (mapped to HEAD)destroy(key)
- remove the key van value (mapped to DELETE)save(instance)
- write the instance to the store, using the instance’s name as the key (mapped to PUT)
These methods are available via the indirection
class method on the indirected classes. For example::
foo_cert = Puppet::SSL::Certificate.indirection.find(‘foo.example.com’)
At startup, each indirection is configured with a terminus.
In most cases, this is the default terminus defined by the indirected class, but it can be overridden by the application or face, or overridden with the route_file
configuration.
The available termini differ for each indirection, and are listed below.
Indirections can also have a cache, represented by a second terminus. This is a write-through cache: modifications are written both to the cache and to the primary terminus. Values fetched from the terminus are written to the cache.
Interaction with REST
REST endpoints have the form /{environment}/{indirection}/{key}
, where the indirection can be singular or plural, following normal English spelling rules.
On the server side, REST responses are generated from the locally-configured endpoints.
Indirections and Termini
Below is the list of all indirections, their associated terminus classes, and how you select between them.
In general, the appropriate terminus class is selected by the application for you (e.g., puppet agent
would always use the rest
terminus for most of its indirected classes), but some classes are tunable via normal settings. These will have terminus setting
documentation listed with them.
catalog
- Indirected Class:
Puppet::Resource::Catalog
- Terminus Setting: catalog_terminus
Termini
- active_record
- A component of ActiveRecord storeconfigs. ActiveRecord-based storeconfigs and inventory are deprecated. See http://links.puppetlabs.com/activerecord-deprecation
- compiler
- Compiles catalogs on demand using Puppet’s compiler.
- json
- Store catalogs as flat files, serialized using JSON.
- queue
- Part of async storeconfigs, requiring the puppet queue daemon. ActiveRecord-based storeconfigs and inventory are deprecated. See http://links.puppetlabs.com/activerecord-deprecation
- rest
- Find resource catalogs over HTTP via REST.
- static_compiler
- Compiles catalogs on demand using the optional static compiler. This
functions similarly to the normal compiler, but it replaces puppet:/// file
URLs with explicit metadata and file content hashes, expecting puppet agent
to fetch the exact specified content from the filebucket. This guarantees
that a given catalog will always result in the same file states. It also
decreases catalog application time and fileserver load, at the cost of
increased compilation time.
This terminus works today, but cannot be used without additional configuration. Specifically:
-
You must create a special filebucket resource — with the title
puppet
and thepath
attribute set tofalse
— in site.pp or somewhere else where it will be added to every node’s catalog. Usingpuppet
as the title is mandatory; the static compiler treats this title as magical.filebucket { puppet: path => false, }
- You must set
catalog_terminus = static_compiler
in the puppet master’s puppet.conf. - The puppet master’s auth.conf must allow authenticated nodes to access the
file_bucket_file
endpoint. This is enabled by default (see thepath /file
rule), but if you have made your auth.conf more restrictive, you may need to re-enable it.) - If you are using multiple puppet masters, you must configure load balancer affinity for agent nodes. This is because puppet masters other than the one that compiled a given catalog may not have stored the required file contents in their filebuckets.
-
- store_configs
- Part of the “storeconfigs” feature. Should not be directly set by end users.
- yaml
- Store catalogs as flat files, serialized using YAML.
certificate
This indirection wraps an OpenSSL::X509::Certificate
object, representing a certificate (signed public key).
The indirection key is the certificate CN (generally a hostname).
- Indirected Class:
Puppet::SSL::Certificate
Termini
- ca
- Manage the CA collection of signed SSL certificates on disk.
- disabled_ca
- Manage SSL certificates on disk, but reject any remote access to the SSL data store. Used when a master has an explicitly disabled CA to prevent clients getting confusing ‘success’ behaviour.
- file
- Manage SSL certificates on disk.
- rest
- Find and save certificates over HTTP via REST.
certificate_request
This indirection wraps an OpenSSL::X509::Request
object, representing a certificate signing request (CSR).
The indirection key is the certificate CN (generally a hostname).
- Indirected Class:
Puppet::SSL::CertificateRequest
Termini
- ca
- Manage the CA collection of certificate requests on disk.
- disabled_ca
- Manage SSL certificate requests on disk, but reject any remote access to the SSL data store. Used when a master has an explicitly disabled CA to prevent clients getting confusing ‘success’ behaviour.
- file
- Manage the collection of certificate requests on disk.
- rest
- Find and save certificate requests over HTTP via REST.
certificate_revocation_list
This indirection wraps an OpenSSL::X509::CRL
object, representing a certificate revocation list (CRL).
The indirection key is the CA name (usually literally ca
).
- Indirected Class:
Puppet::SSL::CertificateRevocationList
Termini
- ca
- Manage the CA collection of certificate requests on disk.
- disabled_ca
- Manage SSL certificate revocation lists, but reject any remote access to the SSL data store. Used when a master has an explicitly disabled CA to prevent clients getting confusing ‘success’ behaviour.
- file
- Manage the global certificate revocation list.
- rest
- Find and save certificate revocation lists over HTTP via REST.
certificate_status
This indirection represents the host that ties a key, certificate, and certificate request together. The indirection key is the certificate CN (generally a hostname).
- Indirected Class:
Puppet::SSL::Host
Termini
- file
- Manipulate certificate status on the local filesystem. Only functional on the CA.
- rest
- Sign, revoke, search for, or clean certificates & certificate requests over HTTP.
data_binding
Where to find external data bindings.
- Indirected Class:
Puppet::DataBinding
- Terminus Setting: data_binding_terminus
Termini
- hiera
- Retrieve data using Hiera.
- none
- A Dummy terminus that always returns nil for data lookups.
facts
- Indirected Class:
Puppet::Node::Facts
- Terminus Setting: facts_terminus
Termini
- active_record
- A component of ActiveRecord storeconfigs and inventory. ActiveRecord-based storeconfigs and inventory are deprecated. See http://links.puppetlabs.com/activerecord-deprecation
- couch
- Store facts in CouchDB. This should not be used with the inventory service; it is for more obscure custom integrations. If you are wondering whether you should use it, you shouldn’t; use PuppetDB instead.
- facter
- Retrieve facts from Facter. This provides a somewhat abstract interface
between Puppet and Facter. It’s only
somewhat
abstract because it always returns the local host’s facts, regardless of what you attempt to find. - inventory_active_record
- Medium-performance fact storage suitable for the inventory service. Most users should use PuppetDB instead. Note: ActiveRecord-based storeconfigs and inventory are deprecated. See http://links.puppetlabs.com/activerecord-deprecation
- inventory_service
- Find and save facts about nodes using a remote inventory service.
- memory
- Keep track of facts in memory but nowhere else. This is used for
one-time compiles, such as what the stand-alone
puppet
does. To use this terminus, you must load it with the data you want it to contain. - network_device
- Retrieve facts from a network device.
- rest
- Find and save facts about nodes over HTTP via REST.
- store_configs
- Part of the “storeconfigs” feature. Should not be directly set by end users.
- yaml
- Store client facts as flat files, serialized using YAML, or return deserialized facts from disk.
file_bucket_file
- Indirected Class:
Puppet::FileBucket::File
Termini
- file
- Store files in a directory set based on their checksums.
- rest
- This is a REST based mechanism to send/retrieve file to/from the filebucket
- selector
- Select the terminus based on the request
file_content
- Indirected Class:
Puppet::FileServing::Content
Termini
- file
- Retrieve file contents from disk.
- file_server
- Retrieve file contents using Puppet’s fileserver.
- rest
- Retrieve file contents via a REST HTTP interface.
- selector
- Select the terminus based on the request
file_metadata
- Indirected Class:
Puppet::FileServing::Metadata
Termini
- file
- Retrieve file metadata directly from the local filesystem.
- file_server
- Retrieve file metadata using Puppet’s fileserver.
- rest
- Retrieve file metadata via a REST HTTP interface.
- selector
- Select the terminus based on the request
instrumentation_data
- Indirected Class:
Puppet::Util::Instrumentation::Data
Termini
- local
- Undocumented.
- rest
- Undocumented.
instrumentation_listener
- Indirected Class:
Puppet::Util::Instrumentation::Listener
Termini
- local
- Undocumented.
- rest
- Undocumented.
instrumentation_probe
- Indirected Class:
Puppet::Util::Instrumentation::IndirectionProbe
Termini
- local
- Undocumented.
- rest
- Undocumented.
key
This indirection wraps an `OpenSSL::PKey::RSA object, representing a private key. The indirection key is the certificate CN (generally a hostname).
- Indirected Class:
Puppet::SSL::Key
Termini
- ca
- Manage the CA’s private on disk. This terminus only works with the CA key, because that’s the only key that the CA ever interacts with.
- disabled_ca
- Manage the CA private key, but reject any remote access to the SSL data store. Used when a master has an explicitly disabled CA to prevent clients getting confusing ‘success’ behaviour.
- file
- Manage SSL private and public keys on disk.
node
Where to find node information. A node is composed of its name, its facts, and its environment.
- Indirected Class:
Puppet::Node
- Terminus Setting: node_terminus
Termini
- active_record
- A component of ActiveRecord storeconfigs. ActiveRecord-based storeconfigs and inventory are deprecated. See http://links.puppetlabs.com/activerecord-deprecation
- exec
- Call an external program to get node information. See the External Nodes page for more information.
- ldap
- Search in LDAP for node configuration information. See
the LDAP Nodes page for more information. This will first
search for whatever the certificate name is, then (if that name
contains a
.
) for the short name, thendefault
. - memory
- Keep track of nodes in memory but nowhere else. This is used for
one-time compiles, such as what the stand-alone
puppet
does. To use this terminus, you must load it with the data you want it to contain; it is only useful for developers and should generally not be chosen by a normal user. - plain
- Always return an empty node object. Assumes you keep track of nodes
in flat file manifests. You should use it when you don’t have some other,
functional source you want to use, as the compiler will not work without a
valid node terminus.
Note that class is responsible for merging the node’s facts into the node instance before it is returned.
- rest
- Get a node via REST. Puppet agent uses this to allow the puppet master to override its environment.
- store_configs
- Part of the “storeconfigs” feature. Should not be directly set by end users.
- write_only_yaml
- Store node information as flat files, serialized using YAML, does not deserialize (write only).
- yaml
- Store node information as flat files, serialized using YAML, or deserialize stored YAML nodes.
report
- Indirected Class:
Puppet::Transaction::Report
Termini
- processor
- Puppet’s report processor. Processes the report with each of the report types listed in the ‘reports’ setting.
- rest
- Get server report over HTTP via REST.
- yaml
- Store last report as a flat file, serialized using YAML.
resource
- Indirected Class:
Puppet::Resource
Termini
- active_record
- A component of ActiveRecord storeconfigs. ActiveRecord-based storeconfigs and inventory are deprecated. See http://links.puppetlabs.com/activerecord-deprecation
- ral
- Manipulate resources with the resource abstraction layer. Only used internally.
- rest
- Maniuplate resources remotely? Undocumented.
- store_configs
- Part of the “storeconfigs” feature. Should not be directly set by end users.
resource_type
- Indirected Class:
Puppet::Resource::Type
Termini
- parser
- Return the data-form of a resource type.
- rest
- Retrieve resource types via a REST HTTP interface.
status
- Indirected Class:
Puppet::Status
Termini
- local
- Get status locally. Only used internally.
- rest
- Get puppet master’s status via REST. Useful because it tests the health of both the web server and the indirector.
This page autogenerated on Wed May 22 10:47:56 -0700 2013


[
math
binary search
]
Leetcode 0441. Arranging Coins
https://leetcode.com/problems/arranging-coins
We need 1
coin for first level, 2
coins for second level and so on. So, if we have s
layers, we need exactly 1+2+...+s = s*(s+1)/2
coins. Reformulating problem statement, we need to find the biggest s
, such that s*(s+1)/2 <= n
or s^2 + s - 2n <= 0.
This is quadratic inequality, and to solve it we need to find roots of s^2 + s - 2n = 0
equation first:
Complexity: both time and space is O(1)
.
Other solutions: we can do it in O(n)
with linear search, if we just add level by level. We can also use binary search with O(log n)
complexity.
class Solution:
def arrangeCoins(self, n):
return int(sqrt(2*n + 0.25) - 0.5)
If you like the solution, you can upvote it on leetcode discussion section: Problem 0441


java.awt.Insets
These are not DPI-aware and can result in UI layout problems.
Quick-fix performs replacement with JBUI.insets().
JBUI.insets()


ICAY - Edmunds Intern Project
Car Image Recognition
Select a PNG or JPEG image, having maximum size
KB.
Selected image:
Upload image
Uploading image...


{% extends "base.html" %} {% from "govuk-jinja-components/phase-banner/macro.jinja" import govukPhaseBanner %} {% from "govuk-jinja-components/breadcrumbs/macro.jinja" import govukBreadcrumbs %} {% block head %} {% endblock %} {% block beforeContent %} {{ govukPhaseBanner({ "tag": { "text": "prototype" }, "html": 'This is a prototype - your feedback will help us to improve it.' }) }}


MAIN
BOOKING
TRANSLATOR
CURRENCY EXCHANGE
WEATHER
CONTACT US
CONTACT US
{% if isForm %}
First Name
{{ firstName }}
Last Name
{{ lastName }}
E-mail
{{ email }}
Country
{{ country }}
Subject
{% else %}
Thank you for your comments! We will return to you as soon as we can!
{% endif %}


DOM Inspector allows you to visualize an HTML document (here on the left) as an outline (on the right). Just click on any element here in the document to select it in the outline, or an element in the outline to highlight it in the document.
Here is an example of a link.


Currently I work as a Project Manager for the State West Virginia, primarily writing and managing IT solution contracts. In my off time, I enjoy learning about new IT technologies and programming languages. At the moment, I am focusing on my obtaining my Microsoft MCSA Web Application certification.
I enjoy taking classes through CodeSchool and PluralSight, providing me the skills to write front-end code.
You can contact me at FullMetalKaos2


mod_aspdotnet module for Apache HTTP Server 2.x
| Description: | Provides an interface for ASP.NET content between Apache HTTP Server 2.0 and Microsoft's ASP.NET host. |
|---|---|
| Status: | External |
| Module Identifier: | aspdotnet_module |
| Source File: | mod_aspdotnet.cpp |
| Compatibility: | Compatible only with httpd 2.0.44 and later. |
The AspNet
and
AspNetMount
directives
and asp.net handler provided by mod_aspdotnet
are used
to configure content to be served of the ASP.NET engine.
The current version is compatible with the .NET Framework versions 1.x (1.0, 1.1, etc). The current version is not compatible with .NET Framework version 2.0 although this may be addressed in the future.
Only modern Windows NT-based operating systems (2000, XP, 2003, etc) are supported. Older versions such as Windows 98 and ME are not, Windows NT 6 requires Service Pack 6, and the module authors will not invest time or effort on these older versions. Do not contact the project regarding support of older operating systems.
Several global configurations must be given to enable the Apache HTTP Server to correctly serve ASP.NET application content.
LoadModule aspdotnet_module modules/mod_aspdotnet.so
AddHandler asp.net asax ascx ashx asmx aspx axd config cs csproj \
licx rem resources resx soap vb vbproj vsdisco webinfo
AliasMatch "^/(?i)aspnet_client/system_web/(\d+)_(\d+)_(\d+)_(\d+)/(.*)" \
"C:/Windows/Microsoft.NET/Framework/v$1.$2.$3/ASP.NETClientFiles/$4"
<Directory "C:/Windows/Microsoft.NET/Framework/v*/ASP.NETClientFiles">
Options FollowSymlinks
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
This will direct all requests for ASP.NET-releated files to the mod_aspdotnet handler, and serve Microsoft's ASP.NET client files and support scripts as expected by ASP.NET applications.
Provide individual AspNet
and AspNetMount
directives for each application (containing
a unique web.config file at it's application root.)
AspNetMount /app-uri "C:/path/to/app"
Alias /app-uri "C:/path/to/app"
<Directory "C:/path/to/app">
Options FollowSymlinks Indexes
AspNet files
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
DirectoryIndex default.htm default.aspx
</Directory>
| Description: | Enables mod_aspdotnet to process ASP.NET content |
|---|---|
| Syntax: | AspNet [[Files] [Directories]
[Virtual] [Errors]]
| [All] | [None] |
| Default: | AspNet None |
| Context: | server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess |
| Override: | Options |
| Status: | External |
| Module: | mod_aspdotnet |
| Compatibility: | Build 2004 and later |
The AspNet
directive determines what content
may be served by the ASP.NET host. This directive does -not- actually
expose the content or mount the URI to physical files, you must use the
Alias
and
AspNetMount
directives to expose the content
to the remote user.
The AspNet
files directive is
the equivilant for ASP.NET files to the behavior of Options ExecCGI
for CGI content. In the original version of mod_aspdotnet, in fact,
Options ExecCGI was used to determine if ASP.NET content would be
invoked through mod_aspdotnet. In version 2.0.2 and later, this is
no longer true, and your configuration files must be updated from
Options ExecCGI to AspNet files.
The None option disables all ASP.NET processing, while the individual options below enable ASP.NET processing for specific request types:
All
Files
Directories
Virtual
Error
Normally, if multiple AspNet
directives could
apply to a directory, then the most specific one is used and others are
ignored; the AspNet directives are never merged. See how sections are merged for a better
understanding of which Files, Directory, or Location section will take
precedence.
| Description: | Mounts a URI to a physical ASP.NET directory |
|---|---|
| Syntax: | AspNetMount URL-path directory-path |
| Context: | server config |
| Status: | External |
| Module: | mod_aspdotnet |
The AspNetMount
directive determines which
physical directory is mounted by the ASP.NET host. This directive
does -not- actually expose the content, you must use the
Alias
directive to expose the content to the remote user.
| Description: | Force a specific .NET Framework version to be loaded |
|---|---|
| Syntax: | AspNetVersion versionstring |
| Context: | server config |
| Status: | External |
| Module: | mod_aspdotnet |
| Compatibility: | Build 2004 and later |
The AspNetVersion
directive will override the
default (most current) .NET Framework environment, and elect a different
installed version of the .NET Framework. The chosen version must be
installed on the machine.
If this directive is not present, the most current .NET Framework version is used. This directive should be specified only once, only the last occurance in the httpd.conf file is used to elect the .NET Framework version.
See the c:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\ directory for all installed versions and their version tags (the actual directory names).
# Load mod_aspdotnet using the 1.0 release version of the .NET Framework
AspNetVersion v1.0.3705
# Load mod_aspdotnet using the 1.1 release version of the .NET Framework
AspNetVersion v1.1.4322


Trivialet - Quiz
Successfull Registration
Thank you!
Congratualations
for Successfull Registration.
Now you can Login.
Login


{% import 'macros.html' as macro%} {% extends 'base.html'%} {% block content %}
Post and comment...?
{{ quotes.quote }}


PART V. OFFICE AND REGISTERED AGENT
§414D-71 Registered agent. Each corporation shall continuously maintain in this State a registered agent, who shall have a business address in this State and shall be:
(1) An individual who resides in this State;
(2) A domestic entity authorized to transact business or conduct affairs in this State; or
(3) A foreign entity authorized to transact business or conduct affairs in this State. [L 2001, c 105, pt of §1; am L 2002, c 130, §40; am L 2003, c 124, §27; am L 2012, c 58, §5]


How is science important in our everyday life
Observe
Scientific process is a way to build knowledge and testable explanations about the universe – constructing new ideas that illuminate the World around us. Those ideas are inherently tentative, but as they cycle through the scientific processes and are tested repetitively in different ways, the ideas are becoming acceptably sound. Furthermore, through these same iterative processes, ideas are modified, expanded and combined into producing a more solid explanation, thus construct and integrate scientific knowledge. Scientific knowledge allows us to develop new technologies, solve practical problems, and make informed decisions.


Marin Fowler raised quite the storm with a rather modest post about humane interfaces, which was responded most notably with a critique from a Java guy, and a counter from the Smalltalk guy. But I think the Java guy has a point: 78 methods on your list objects isn't good. Less methods is good.   Dumb, idiotic, maybe written by people who aren't programmers; I just don't know how else to make sense of it. list.get(list.size() - 1) should be embarrassing. list.last or list[-1]? I think [-1] reads well enough, and fits into a very elegant set of functionality involving slices and whatnot. But I also think list.last is entirely justifiable. OTOH, list.get(0) isn't embarrassing, so list.first isn't as compelling. And the nitems method he points to really seems overboard. There needs to be a limit somewhere. 2.years + 3.days ... I don't know if I can really get behind that (BTW, that's not built in to Ruby, but it can be extended to do that).
Maybe an interesting parallel is 0 vs. 1 indexing. 1 clearly seems more humane. I personally count starting from 1. I'm naturally inclined to index from 1. Languages go both ways on the choice.
But, while 1 indexing is more humane, 0 indexing is consistent with a set of useful properties. Programming is both narrative and mathematics, and when the two are in conflict it's hard to say which one is right. But experience can tell us which is right. 0 is right.
Mathematicians are inclined towards minimalism. But mere minimalism does not make something mathematically sound or reasonable. Mathematics is a sensible argument for 0 indexing. But mathematics has nothing to say about the number of methods on containers.
  If you are clever, you can make it seem like container handling just falls out of your more fundamental constructs. Smalltalk does this well. But don't be fooled -- an otherwise similarly elegent system that didn't work well with containers would have been discarded. The Smalltalk designers were playing the same tricks mathematicians play; when you look at a mathematic proof you think how elegent, how simple, and how indecipherably attained. If I strive for simplicity, work from just a few axioms, will I achieve the same thing? No! Because there's lots of notes and failed attempts and crude proofs the mathematician didn't show you (it would be fascinating to see what Smalltalk 76 actually looked like). Java is like someone looking at a proof and thinking that they will write down theorems starting from simple axioms and get something good out of the other end. But they didn't realize that the (talented) mathematician deduces an interesting outcome and creates the proof as a bridge to that outcome.  They created something that had all the trappings of good design, with none of the outcomes that drive good designers.
Of course Smalltalk indexes from 1, so no one gets everything right.
 You spread oil on the flames. Instead of trying to decrease the gap between the two communities you just end up giving a bad image of the Python community to the Java world.  // To be honest, I can't figure out how they screwed this up.  One class of problems is structural, and represents specific priorities with respect to the programmer and architect. But many parts of Java just show poor language design. Not giving containers (quality) first class syntax is just a design problem, there's nothing fundamental about it.
# Ian Bicking
> Of course Smalltalk indexes from 1, so no one gets everything right.
"You know, for kids."
# anonymous
I just assumed that the 'nitems' thing was there because Matz used it more than once in some code he was writing.


|
||||||||||
| PREV NEXT | FRAMES NO FRAMES |
| Packages that use AlertOrBuilder | |
|---|---|
| com.google.publicalerts.cap | This package contains the core classes that encode the CAP protocol as well as classes that can parse and write CAP messages from a variety of wire formats. |
| com.google.publicalerts.cap.profile | This package contains classes that handle specific CAP profiles, which specify a set of extra constraints on the CAP format. |
| com.google.publicalerts.cap.profile.au | |
| com.google.publicalerts.cap.profile.ca | |
| com.google.publicalerts.cap.profile.us |
| Uses of AlertOrBuilder in com.google.publicalerts.cap |
|---|
| Classes in com.google.publicalerts.cap that implement AlertOrBuilder | |
|---|---|
class |
Alert
|
static class |
Alert.Builder
|
| Methods in com.google.publicalerts.cap with parameters of type AlertOrBuilder | |
|---|---|
String |
CapJsonBuilder.toJson(AlertOrBuilder alert)
Writes the given alert to an JSON string. |
void |
CapJsonBuilder.toJson(AlertOrBuilder alert,
Writer writer)
Writes the given alert to JSON in the given writer. |
JSONObject |
CapJsonBuilder.toJSONObject(AlertOrBuilder alert)
Converts the given alert to a JSON object. |
String |
CapXmlBuilder.toXml(AlertOrBuilder alert)
Writes the given alert to an XML string. |
void |
CapXmlBuilder.toXml(AlertOrBuilder alert,
Writer writer)
Writes the given alert to XML in the given writer. |
Document |
CapXmlBuilder.toXmlDocument(AlertOrBuilder alert)
Converts the alert to a document. |
Element |
CapXmlBuilder.toXmlDocument(AlertOrBuilder alert,
Document document)
Converts the alert to an XML element tree rooted at the return node. |
void |
CapValidator.validateAlert(AlertOrBuilder alert)
Validates a CAP alert. |
| Uses of AlertOrBuilder in com.google.publicalerts.cap.profile |
|---|
| Methods in com.google.publicalerts.cap.profile with parameters of type AlertOrBuilder | |
|---|---|
List<CapException.Reason> |
GoogleProfile.checkForErrors(AlertOrBuilder alert)
|
List<CapException.Reason> |
CapProfile.checkForErrors(AlertOrBuilder alert)
Checks the given alert against the profile and returns a list of errors explaining how the alert does not match the profile. |
List<CapException.Reason> |
GoogleProfile.checkForRecommendations(AlertOrBuilder alert)
|
List<CapException.Reason> |
CapProfile.checkForRecommendations(AlertOrBuilder alert)
Checks the given alert against suggestions and best-practices recommended by the profile. |
| Uses of AlertOrBuilder in com.google.publicalerts.cap.profile.au |
|---|
| Methods in com.google.publicalerts.cap.profile.au with parameters of type AlertOrBuilder | |
|---|---|
List<CapException.Reason> |
AustralianProfile.checkForErrors(AlertOrBuilder alert)
|
List<CapException.Reason> |
AustralianProfile.checkForRecommendations(AlertOrBuilder alert)
|
| Uses of AlertOrBuilder in com.google.publicalerts.cap.profile.ca |
|---|
| Methods in com.google.publicalerts.cap.profile.ca with parameters of type AlertOrBuilder | |
|---|---|
List<CapException.Reason> |
CanadianProfile.checkForErrors(AlertOrBuilder alert)
|
List<CapException.Reason> |
CanadianProfile.checkForRecommendations(AlertOrBuilder alert)
|
| Uses of AlertOrBuilder in com.google.publicalerts.cap.profile.us |
|---|
| Methods in com.google.publicalerts.cap.profile.us with parameters of type AlertOrBuilder | |
|---|---|
List<CapException.Reason> |
Ipaws1Profile.checkForErrors(AlertOrBuilder alert)
|
List<CapException.Reason> |
Ipaws1Profile.checkForRecommendations(AlertOrBuilder alert)
|
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1820-30-40 Federal Census
of Monroe County
Although a Federal Census was
required every 10 years, it was not until 1850 that the names of everyone in
the household was included in the census report. Prior to 1850 only the name of
the head of the household was recorded and the rest of the family was simply
counted and the number of family members recorded. Nevertheless, these earlier
Federal Census contain very valuable information for the genealogy researcher.
Of greatest value, of course, is the ability to locate an ancestor by state or
territory. These census records also include age groupings and Revolutionary
pensioners.
This reference combines the 1820,
1830, and 1840 census for Monroe County, Ohio. For the convenience of our members
and visitors, the index for this book is reproduced below.
Click here to
go to Index of 1820, 1830, 1840 Federal Census of Monroe County, Ohio
Click here for the Short-Cut Table of Contents


1
The Whirlpool Galaxy is a familiar one to stargazers and among the many close galaxy neighbors to our own Milky Way. Because of its shape, it was the first galaxy to be classified as a spiral by astronomers.
1
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and due to its proximity it is not easily seen except during twilight. For every two orbits of the Sun, Mercury completes three rotations about its axis.
1
Europa is the smallest of Jupiter’s Galilean moons and the second closest, however it is still the sixth largest moon in the solar system. Europa is known for being one of the first worlds a subsurface water ocean was hypothesised for.
1
Io is the innermost and the second smallest of the four Galilean moons. It was discovered, along with Europa, Ganymede and Callisto by Galileo Galilei in 1610.
1
Venus is the second planet from the Sun and is the second largest terrestrial planet.
1
Earth is the third planet from the Sun and is the largest of the terrestrial planets.
1
The Milky Way Galaxy is our home galaxy in the universe. It is a fairly typical barred spiral with four major arms in its disk, at least one spur, and a newly discovered outer arm.


Ocean [ak08], ocean, in Crystal Sea
Last updated Turn #123
Ocean [ak08], ocean, in Crystal Sea
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1: The Savvy Aardvark [ha5r], ship, 2 hulls, 1 rowing port, 6 sails,
1: 13% damaged, arrived from Ocean [ak09], owner:
1: Phantasm [n4b], Imperial Empire, duke, with two workers,
1: eight sailors
2: The Savvy Aardvark [ha5r], ship, 2 hulls, 1 rowing port, 6 sails,
2: 13% damaged, departed for Ocean [ak07].
Routes leaving Ocean:
North, to Ocean [aj08], 6 days
East, to Ocean [ak09], 6 days
South, to Ocean [al08], The Outer Sea, 6 days
West, to Ocean [ak07], 6 days
Inner locations:
Island [ab1q], island, 1 day, owner:
Pirate [bw4y], pirates, number: 10


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Portfolio-Landing-Page
wiki-page
vacation
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Hello, my name is Micaela and I am a digital artist on the road to becoming a programmer. I love books, games, and music. I appreciate many different cuisines and I enjoy trying new food. I have lived many places and I hope to travel to many more gaining valuable skills and experiences.
Education
Job Experience
Why I took a programming course at Epicodus
I decided to learn programming for a number of reasons. It had always been in the back of my mind as an interesting skill to have, but until recently the time had just never been right. It was a skill I first realized I needed when my friend and I wanted to make video games, but we were having trouble getting a programmer that would stick and had the same ideals that we did. So, since my friend was already supplying some art and design, I decided to learn programming so that besides just art I could also add more to the game we wanted to make. Another reason was that the most recent job I had was a situation that I no longer wished to be a part of. I wanted more and better career opportunities. After some research I decided that Epicodus was the best school for me. I'm not one to wait for the "right" moment, so I packed my bags, moved across the United States, and found a place where I could study and be close to the school.
Daily Activities


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--- title: The front-door criterion in linear, parametric models author: "Felix Thoemmes" date: '2018-06-27' output: pdf_document slug: '' tags: causality categories: statistics ---
Inspired by a recent discussion on SEMNET, I decided to publish a short blog post about the front-door criterion. The front-door criterion was developed by Judea Pearl, as a means to identify and estimate a causal effect in the presence of unobserved confounders.
Consider the following DAG (directed acyclical graph) in which a treatment X has an effect on an outcome Y. This effect however cannot directly be estimated without bias, because there is an unobserved confounder U. However, there is a variable M that is caused by X, and causes Y, and importantly is not itself caused by the unobserved confounder U.
Equally important is that the effect of X on Y goes entirely through M. Psychologists would tend to call this a full mediation model. For a fuller description of the front-door criterion, you can check Pearl’s book “Causality”, but here is a brief intuitive explanation.
The total effect of X on Y, can be decomposed into the effects of X on M, and M on Y. The effect of X on M can be estimated without bias, because there is no open back-door path - the only back-door path that goes through U is blocked by the collider Y. The effect of M on Y can also be estimated without bias, because there is only one open back-door path via U, but we can close it by conditioning on X. Once we can estimate these two effects, we can use them to construct the total effect. In parametric, linear models, the total effect of X on Y, will just be the product of the two paths. Again, we see the parallels to classic mediation analysis - this is how one typically computes the the indirect effect in mediation models.
In the following example, I want to demonstrate the front-door criterion using parametric, linear models. I will use a SEM (structural equation model) and ML estimation to compute the total effect of X on Y.
The data-generating model mirrors the DAG in Figure 1, and can be described as follows:
\(U \sim N(0,1)\)
\(X = .5*U + \epsilon_X\)
\(M = .5*X + \epsilon_M\)
\(Y = .5*M + .5*U + \epsilon_Y\)
\(\epsilon_X, \epsilon_M, \epsilon_Y \sim N(0,1)\)
The true total effect of X on Y in this data-generating model is .25.
I will simulate data from this model, and estimate (a) an unadjusted treatment effect of X on Y, (b) a front-door adjusted treatment effect of X on Y, and (c) for comparative purposes an adjusted treatment effect of X on Y, assuming that we have access to the unobserved confounder U.
As we can see, the unadjusted treatment effect is biased - and badly so. We would expect this, given the presence of the unobserved confounder U. Now let’s see how the front-door adjusted treatment effect fares.
As we can see in the graph above, it is generally unbiased. The two lines which represent the true treatment effect (.25) and the average of the estimated front-door effects are essentially on top of each other. The remarkable thing about the front-door adjusted treatment effect is that we can obtain unbiased estimate, despite the fact that we do NOT have observed the confounder.
Just for comparative purposes, here are the treatment effects that we derive from using regression adjustment, and pretending that we have access to the unobserved confounder. This effect is of course also unbiased.
Just like instrumental variable estimation, the front-door criterion allows us to obtain unbiased treatment effects, without the need of having to collect all unobserved confouders. This however, does not mean that using the front-door criterion is easy, in a sense that it could be routinely done. The hard part is finding a variable M that fulfills the requirements of (a) being “shielded” off the unobserved confounders of X and Y (via X), and (b) the absence of a direct effect of X on Y.
I am personally not aware of many published examples of the front-door criterion. Alex Chino has a much more extensive blog post, where he discusses the example of voting patterns, same school background, and seating assignment in the US Senate published by Cohen and Malloy (2010) (http://www.nber.org/papers/w16437). Overall, I think it’s fair to say that variables that would permit one to use the front-door criterion are rare - in the same sense that instrumental variables tend to be somewhat rare. Or maybe we just haven’t looked for them very hard, as the front-door criterion is still not widely known.
library(lavaan)
library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)
library(ggdag)
library(dagitty)
x <- dagitty('dag {
bb="0,0,1,1"
M [pos="0.5,0"]
U [pos="0.5,0.5"]
X [pos="0,0"]
Y [pos="1,0"]
M -> Y
U -> X
U -> Y
X -> M
}')
ggdag(x) + theme_economist() + theme(axis.line=element_blank(),axis.text.x=element_blank(),
axis.text.y=element_blank(),axis.ticks=element_blank(),
axis.title.x=element_blank(),
axis.title.y=element_blank(),legend.position="none",
panel.background=element_blank(),panel.border=element_blank(),panel.grid.major=element_blank())
fd <- function(n,a,b,u1,u2) {
U <- rnorm(n,0,1)
e_x <- rnorm(n,0,1)
e_m <- rnorm(n,0,1)
e_y <- rnorm(n,0,1)
X <- u1*U + e_x
M <- a*X + e_m
Y <- b*M + u2*U + e_y
df1 <- data.frame(X,M,Y,U)
fdmodel <- "M ~ a*X
Y ~ b*M
X ~~ Y
FD := a*b"
fd <- sem(fdmodel,df1)@ParTable$est[7]
unadj <- coef(lm(Y~X))[2]
adj <- coef(lm(Y~X+U))[2]
return(c(fd,unadj,adj))
}
res <- data.frame(t(replicate(5000,fd(100,.5,.5,.5,.5))))
names(res) <- c("fd","unadj","adj")
cols <- viridis(3)
ggplot(res,aes(x=fd)) + geom_density(alpha=.3,fill=cols[1]) + theme_economist() +
geom_vline(xintercept = .25,col=cols[2],size=1.25) +
geom_vline(xintercept = mean(res$fd),col=cols[3],size=1.25) + xlab("Front-door") + ylab("Density") +
coord_cartesian(xlim=c(.1,.8)) + ggtitle("Parameter estimates using front-door criterion")
ggplot(res,aes(x=adj)) + geom_density(alpha=.3,fill=cols[1]) + theme_economist() +
geom_vline(xintercept = .25,col=cols[2],size=1.25) +
geom_vline(xintercept = mean(res$adj),col=cols[3],size=1.25) + xlab("Adjusted") + ylab("Density") +
coord_cartesian(xlim=c(.1,.8)) + ggtitle("Parameter estimates using adjustment")
ggplot(res,aes(x=unadj)) + geom_density(alpha=.3,fill=cols[1]) + theme_economist() +
geom_vline(xintercept = .25,col=cols[2],size=1.25) +
geom_vline(xintercept = mean(res$unadj),col=cols[3],size=1.25) + xlab("Unadjusted") + ylab("Density") +
coord_cartesian(xlim=c(.1,.8)) + ggtitle("Unadjusted parameter estimates")