This tier comprised "god" tiered characters which have the innate ability to be placed onto any team, with any comp, and carry alone.
Your quintessential top tiers, which will generally dictate meta stylings and composition. These gods are usually first pick / first ban material.
Slightly above the point balance, this pool of gods should comprise the team compositions for most competitive games. The ebb and flow of meta swing and flavors of the month may sway this slightly in favor of certain players' abilities and strengths.
The focal point of balance. These gods should see no changes, given their current abilities in competitive high level play. New players should flock to this pool, as their time invested will likely not be wasted due to nerfs, buffs or changes to the playstyle.
Still somewhat strong, but not competitively viable in all situations. Are generally a bit more difficult to place on a team than A or S tiered gods. High player skill with individuals in this pool is likely to still sway a match up in your favor, but there are generally better picks.
Weak, overall. The team composition generally will need to be built around a character in this pool to make them work properly. Unlikely to be found in competitive environments, unless the player is considered a master of a god.
Very low pick rate and or competitively non-viable even in the hands of masters.


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10/2019: "L'absence de débâcle estivale affecte les réseaux alimentaires marins en Antarctique Oriental". Lay summary of this paper in "FNRS.news", the Belgian Funds for Scientific Research (F.R.S-FNRS)'s quarterly magazine. Links to the article and the full issue.
08/2019: "Sea ice cover increase is changing the invertebrates’ feeding habits". ULiège news release about this publication. Links to the release in English or French.
12/2018: Elementar put together a news article presenting the initiatives that their ArDB competition's winners plan to develop, including our deep-sea stable isotope database. Link to the article
11/2017: University of Liège's stable isotope facility and our ecological research was broadcasted by Elementar (our instrumentation partner) as part of their "Customer spotlight" series. We're thrilled to be there next to isotopic superstars! Link to the article
01/2017: "Pourquoi prélève-t-on des organismes marins ?", guest post on the French National Museum of Natural History expedition blog about our research in Adélie Land. Link to the article
12/2016: During the PROTEKER campaign in Kerguelen Islands, several videos were shot about the journey and the research program. One of them focuses specifically on my research.
You can see all the other videos here. Unfortunately most are in French, but non-French speakers can still enjoy this one that focuses on the benthic ecosystems of the archipelago and whose soundtrack is only music.
04/2015: "Briser la glace", outreach article about the sampling campaign in Dumont-d'Urville, published in "Le 15ème jour du mois", University of Liège's monthly journal. Link to the article


We would like to propose a three-week Nuclear Talent course on Theory for exploring nuclear structure experiments at the ECT* for the summer of 2017. A similar course, but with a strong focus on collective models and symmetries, was run and organized at Ganil by Rick Casten and Piet van Isacker in 2014. The course was oversubscribed with more than 60 student applications, clearly demonstrating the need in the community for the selected topics. We believe such a course has a strong potential to attract many students, theorists and experimentalists alike. Since the Nuclear Talent initiative aims at proposing the various courses in cycles of three to four years, it is timely to propose the above course again, but this time focusing on the nuclear shell model. This course provides a hands-on approach to experimental data and their interpretrations.
Below we give a short motivation for the proposed course and the rationale behind the Nuclear Talent initiative. Thereafter we detail our course plans with learning outcomes, objectives and teaching philosophy, as well as various organizational and practical matters.
The teaching teams consists of both theorists and experimentalists. We believe such a mix is important as it gives the students a better understanding on how data are obtained, and what are the limitations and possibilities in understanding and interpreting the experimental information.
To understand why matter is stable, and thereby shed light on the limits of nuclear stability, is one of the overarching aims and intellectual challenges of basic research in nuclear physics. To relate the stability of matter to the underlying fundamental forces and particles of nature as manifested in nuclear matter, is central to present and planned rare isotope facilities.
Important properties of nuclear systems which can reveal information about these topics are for example masses, and thereby binding energies, and density distributions of nuclei. These are quantities which convey important information on the shell structure of nuclei, with their pertinent magic numbers and shell closures or the eventual disappearence of the latter away from the valley of stability.
During the last decade, the study of nuclear structure and the models used to describe atomic nuclei are experiencing a renaissance. This is driven by three technological revolutions: accelerators capable of producing and accelerating exotic nuclei far from stability; instrumentation capable of detecting the resulting reaction products and gamma radiation, often on an event-by-event basis, in situations where data rates may be many orders of magnitude less than has been traditional; and computing power adequate to analyze the resulting data, often on-line, and to carry out sophisticated theoretical calculations to understand these nuclei at the limits of stability and to unravel what they tell us about nuclei and their structural evolution.
The nuclear shell model plays a central role in guiding our analysis of this wealth of experimental data. It provides an excellent link to the underlying nuclear forces and the pertinent laws of motion, allowing nuclear physicists to interpret complicated experiments in terms of various components of the nuclear Hamiltonian and to understand a swath of nuclei by following chains of isotopes and isotoones over wide ranges of nucleon numbers. The nuclear shell model allows us to see how the structure of nuclei changes and how the occupation of specific nucleonic orbits affects the interplay of residual interactions and configuration mixing. The computed expectation values and transition probabilities can be directly linked to experiment, with the potential to single out new phenomena and guide future experiments. Large-scale shell-model calculations represent also challenging computational and theoretical topics, spanning from efficient usage of high-performance computing facilities to consistent theories for deriving effective Hamiltonians and operators. Alltogether, these various facets of nuclear theory represent important elements in our endeavors to understand nuclei and their limits of stability. It is the goal and motivation of this course to introduce and develop the nuclear structure tools needed to carry out forefront research using the shell model as the central tool. The various projects will focus on the development of a shell-model code for simpler systems like \( sd \)-shell nuclei, giving the participants the essential ideas of configuration interaction methods. During the first two weeks the aim is to develop such a shell-model code. With these insights, the students can divert into several directions the last week, from the usage of the NushellX suite of nuclear structure programs to further developing their own shell-model program. After completion, it is our hope that the participants have understood the overarching ideas behind central theoretical tools used to analyse nuclear structure experiments.
A recently established initiative, Training in Advanced Low Energy Nuclear Theory, aims at providing an advanced and comprehensive training to graduate students and young researchers in low-energy nuclear theory. The initiative is a multinational network between several European and Northern American institutions and aims at developing a broad curriculum that will provide the platform for a cutting-edge theory for understanding nuclei and nuclear reactions. These objectives will be met by offering series of lectures, commissioned from experienced teachers in nuclear theory. The educational material generated under this program will be collected in the form of WEB-based courses, textbooks, and a variety of modern educational resources. No such all-encompassing material is available at present; its development will allow dispersed university groups to profit from the best expertise available.
The Nuclear Talent initiative has (as of May 2016) organized and run successfully nine advanced courses since the summer of 2012. Three of these courses have been run and organized (in a very successful way) at the premises of the ECT*. We hope thus, if this course gets approved by the board of directors of the ECT*, that we can continue this successful and very fruitful collaboration. The course organized by Giuseppina Orlandini et al at the ECT* last summer had more than fifty applicants. On average, the Nuclear Talent courses we have organized till now have had close to 40 applicants per course. We have normally accepted between 20 and 25 students, of which approximately five or slightly more have been either local students and/or fully self-supported. In 2016 the Nuclear Talent initiatives will run two courses, one in the US and one in Europe.
This three-week TALENT course on nuclear theory will focus on the interpretation of data on the structure of nuclei using the Nuclear shell model as main tool.
We propose approximately forty-five hours of lectures over three weeks and a comparable amount of practical computer and exercise sessions, including the setting of individual problems and the organization of various individual projects.
The mornings will consist of lectures and the afternoons will be devoted to exercises meant to shed light on the exposed theory, the computational projects and individual student projects. These components will be coordinated to foster student engagement, maximize learning and create lasting value for the students. For the benefit of the TALENT series and of the community, material (courses, slides, problems and solutions, reports on students' projects) will be made publicly available using version control software like git and posted electronically on github.
As with previous TALENT courses, we envision the following features for the afternoon sessions:
| Lecture Topics | Projects and exercises | |
|---|---|---|
| Monday | Introduction and discussion of data | Discussion of separation energies, shells gaps and selected excited states |
| Hamiltonians and mean field | Discussion of harmonic oscillator and Woods-Saxon potentials | |
| Tuesday | Mean field models and Hartree-Fock theory | Discussion of harmonic oscillator and Woods-Saxon potentials |
| Wednesday | Second quantization and shell-model basics | Discussion of Hartree-Fock calculations |
| Experiments and data that justify a mean-field interpretation | ||
| Thursday | Shell-model code for a simple pairing problem | Properties of the pairing problem |
| Basic shell-model algorithm | How to structure a shell-model program | |
| Friday | Writing a shell-model program for the simple pairing problem | Work on shell-model code |
| Lecture Topics | Projects and exercises | |
|---|---|---|
| Monday | Shell-model Hamiltonians and the \( sd \)-shell as case | Extend shell-model to realistic nuclear structure cases |
| Efficient computations of Hamiltonian matrices | ||
| Tuesday | Effective Hamiltonians and angular momentum algebra | Bit representations of state functions and setup of Hamiltonian matrices |
| Wednesday | Effective Hamiltonians from data | Continue work on shell-model code |
| Thursday | One- and two-particle transfer operators | Computing angular momentum expectation values |
| Spectroscopic factors (SFs), overlap functions and experiments related to SFs | ||
| Friday | Electromagnetic decays, theory and experiment | Finalize shell-model code for spectra |
| Introducing NushellX | Demonstrations of NushellX and comparison with own code |
| Lecture Topics | Projects and exercises | |
|---|---|---|
| Monday | Electromagnetic decays and NushellX calculations | Individual projects |
| More on onebody operators and transition densities | ||
| Tuesday | Beta-decays and Gamow-Teller transitions, theory and experiments | Individual projects |
| Wednesday | Beta-decays and Gamow-Teller transitions, theory and experiments | Individual projects |
| Using NushellX for studies of beta-decays | ||
| Thursday | Two-body transition operators and double-beta decay | Individual projects |
| Friday | Double-beta decay and wrap-up of course | Work on final projects |
The course will be taught as an intensive course of duration of three weeks, with a total time of 45 h of lectures, 45 h of exercises and a final assignment of 2 weeks of work. The total load will be approximately 160-170 hours, corresponding to 7 ECTS in Europe. The final assignment will be graded with marks A, B, C, D, E and failed for Master students and passed/not passed for PhD students. A course certificate will be issued for students requiring it from the University of Trento.
The organization of a typical course day is as follows:
| Time | Activity |
|---|---|
| 9am-12pm | Lectures, project relevant information and directed exercises |
| 12pm-2pm | Lunch |
| 2pm-6pm | Computational projects, exercises and hands-on sessions |
| 6pm-7pm | Wrap-up of the day and eventual student presentations |
If approved by the ECT* board of directors, our preferred time slot would be from the second half of June till the second half of July.
The organizers are
The teachers are
Students and post-doctoral fellows interested in models for nuclear structure, phenomenological techniques for interpreting and predicting the structure of stable as well as exotic nuclei. The material will be of interest, and accessible, to both theorists and experimentalists, and will include learning the practical use of shell-model approaches in order to interpret and study nuclear structure experiments.
The students are expected to have operating programming skills in in compiled programming languages like Fortran or C++ or alternatively an interpreted language like Python and knowledge of quantum mechanics at an intermediate level. Preparatory modules on second quantization, Wick's theorem, representation of Hamiltonians and calculations of Hamiltonian matrix elements, independent particle models and Hartree-Fock theory are provided at the website of the course. Students who have not studied the above topics are expected to gain this knowledge prior to attendance. Additional modules for self-teaching on Fortran and/or C++ or Python are also provided.
The target group is Master of Science students, PhD students and early post-doctoral fellows. Also senior staff can attend but they have to be self-supported. The maximum number of students is 20-25, of which only at most 15 can receive full local support.
The process of selections of the students will be managed in agreement with the ECT*.
We expect to accept between 20-25 students. Local students from the University of Trento are fully self-supported. If approved, we would very much appreciate if the ECT* can sponsor 15 of the selected students with local expenses, that is lodging and meals during weekdays. Any additional funds for sponsoring further students is highly appreciated. All travel expenses will be covered by the respective home institute. Teachers are self-supported. We plan to raise additional funds to cover local support for additional students and the expenses of the teachers.
There is no participation fee. Administrative support from the ECT* in organizing the course and setting up the application procedure is essential for a smooth (as always) outcome. The administrative experience of the staff at the ECT* has been unique and essential in running successully our previous Talent courses (2012, 2014 and 2015). We would thus highly appreciate it if these services are provided if the proposal is approved.


The Urdu Phonetic (CRULP) keyboard is based on the CRULP Urdu Phonetic Keyboard Layout v1.1 for Windows. This keyboard supports both the Urdu and the Western Punjabi languages. This keyboard package also installs the Awami Nastaliq font.
© 2019 SIL International


General support queries. User Guides: https://support.komodoplatform.com/ Support staff: Angelina#6231 gcharang#6833. If you want to ask JL777 a question, use the #ask-jl777 channel.
100 messages
Before 05-Dec-19 12:00 AM
riseandfall17-Nov-19 08:41 PM
Firmware 1.6.0
I'll try again but I fear it doesn't work for me
Acura17-Nov-19 08:42 PM
I had read from another user in Telegram that he also using the new Ledger Firmware 1.6 and can´t claim Rewards
riseandfall17-Nov-19 08:42 PM
I'm even not claiming...just want to do a simple tx
Acura17-Nov-19 08:42 PM
You are using the tool from lukeChild ?
ah ok
riseandfall17-Nov-19 08:42 PM
I'll try again
But does agama accept 24 words seed + 1 additional custom word ?
Manage and exchange your cryptocurrency while keeping the full control over your private keys. We support airdrops, hardware wallets, staking, and more.
Oszy17-Nov-19 08:44 PM
@riseandfall not 100% sure but Ledger might be updating the KMD wallet, that's why it fails?
Ledger seed is not compatible with Agama afaik
you could expose your private key for the address but that is very much NOT recommended
riseandfall17-Nov-19 08:46 PM
@Oszy : in Agama wallet you can well enter the ledger seed....but a standard one only maybe...not sur they support additional passphrase
But the good piece of news is that Magnum Wallet does
This page shows the status of all Ledger services. Cryptocurrencies supported by third parties (such as EOS, Stellar, TRON, etc.) are not operated by Ledger and therefore not shown on this page.
looks like KMD is okay
riseandfall17-Nov-19 08:47 PM
But I will not enter my seed into Magnum Wallet website...
I'll check with Magnum Wallet
Acura17-Nov-19 08:48 PM
You only need to choose Ledger on the Login menu
riseandfall17-Nov-19 08:52 PM
Yes this is what I did
You'll get a feedback within 1 hour
riseandfall17-Nov-19 09:05 PM
Even with Magnum Wallet it doesn't work
My ledger is unable to process the unlocking script I guess
The only solution I would have is that Agama can well accept 24 + 1 seed.
I guess only pbca knows that(edited)
Acura17-Nov-19 09:06 PM
strange, on my ledger i have kmd app version 1.3.13
Oszy17-Nov-19 09:06 PM
Verus devs really it’s not a Komodo project anymore(edited)
riseandfall17-Nov-19 09:07 PM
Another solution would be that I reprocess by myself everything from the ledger seed to a KMD private keys
It would be quite complicated and would require several hours on it
So either Agama includes this feature or I'm in the shit
Maybe it is Verus now but pbca coded this feature... probability he is able to answer precisely is much bigger(edited)
Oszy17-Nov-19 09:10 PM
It would be great to know why exactly your transactions fails
Any amount fails? Even 1 kmd?
riseandfall17-Nov-19 09:12 PM
Yes ...it's not linked with the amount...
Oszy17-Nov-19 09:12 PM
Okay just asking
Cryptoon17-Nov-19 09:12 PM
Ledger can be updating their spv servers to new wallets(edited)
riseandfall17-Nov-19 09:12 PM
Probability is low...I know people who don't have issue at all
The KMD locked are one year old
Oszy17-Nov-19 09:13 PM
It’s what I was thinking. Let me try to send kmd from my one. Gimme a minute
riseandfall17-Nov-19 09:13 PM
KMD never asked users to convert to new addresses format ?
As far as I know o was not concerned with the hack that occured with someone inserted a fake lib in Agama
During the time window of the attack I didn't do any tx
Thanks @Oszy
I'll smoke a cigarette in the meantime
Cryptoon17-Nov-19 09:15 PM
Ledger wasnt affected by hack
1
Oszy17-Nov-19 09:15 PM
Just send 1 kmd, no issue here. v1.3.13
Cryptoon17-Nov-19 09:16 PM
He’s on .16
riseandfall17-Nov-19 09:16 PM
Don't mix firmware version and app version
On ledger wallet
So the issue is clear : my ledger fails to generate the unlocking script
Cryptoon17-Nov-19 09:17 PM
I we'll have the last version now : 1.3.16
Is what you said above
riseandfall17-Nov-19 09:17 PM
Everything is updated
Cryptoon17-Nov-19 09:17 PM
So maybe the .16 version is the problem as @Oszy not having issues with .13?
riseandfall17-Nov-19 09:18 PM
No Oscy succeeded with maybe an older app version but some other users I know don't have issue
So I'll ping publicly pbca and ask if agama offer this feature
@pbca26
Does agama seed import feature support 24words seed + 1 word passphrase ?(edited)
In other words, can I enter in Agama a 25 (24 + 1) ledger seed ?
Waiting for the answer...if he answers me
Thanks for your help all of you
Bye
Acura17-Nov-19 09:23 PM
I think yes, but it is a immense risk
Agama - Settings- BIP39 Keys
Arno17-Nov-19 10:01 PM
@Oszy Ok, I'll wait a bit more, but there is not "unlock funds" button anywhere. It's been more than 8 hours now.
Oszy17-Nov-19 10:10 PM
@gcharang ^^
1
Can you check this please
gcharang18-Nov-19 02:10 AM
@Arno hey, can you send me the b address in a DM ?
gcharang18-Nov-19 02:36 AM
@riseandfall agama wallet may not be able to deal with the extra bip39 passphrase
you can use this page: https://iancoleman.io/bip39/
visit the page and then disconnect the internet before entering your seed words and passphrase, select the coin as KMD and scroll down to the bottom
you should see your ledger addresses and private keys
select the address with your coins and copy the private key
login to Agama directly using privatekey https://support.komodoplatform.com/support/solutions/articles/29000029966-logging-into-verus-agama-with-an-existing-private-key-or-seed
after doing all this and making the required transaction, you should create a new ledger seed and transfer your coins there to revert to the previous level of security(edited)
1
1
@mani
the Agama Windows v0.5.9-2 is better than Agama Windows v0.6.0-13 PBaaS cross-chain technology preview is that right?
yes
@Arno the b address is not controlled by anyone other than yourself and the person you are trading with
it is like a basic smart contract
the coins there can be moved by your trading partner; but doing so will expose the secret you need to move his coins that are being traded
or by you after a certain lock period is over
this is all done automatically by the app; some times, a button called "unlock funds" will appear, that has to be clicked
Sdunbar18-Nov-19 03:02 AM
Hey guys, I still have the old agama wallet.. it no longer functions
how do i switch to the verus version?
will firing up the verus version overwrite all my wallet.dat files from my old agama wallet?
Just want to make sure I dont mess anything up here
gcharang18-Nov-19 03:10 AM
@Sdunbar it won't overwrite anything
do you use native or lite mode?


 Thanks to having two alternating stages available at the new venue, visitors will be able to enjoy 21 shows on the fairgrounds from Friday to Sunday instead of just 12 as in previous years! And you will get this for lower ticket prices!
Layout of the seating area of the main stage at the Boquete fairgrounds. The stage will be raised to 8 feet above ground, so excellent visibility from all seats is assured! Free seating in all areas. No assigned seats!
For shows at the fairgrounds
$87.50 + Tax & Service Charge
Access to preferred shaded seating area at main festival events at the fairgrounds (shaded but not protected from rain)
$147.50 + Tax & Service Charge
Limited number of covered, padded seating in front of the stage at main festival events at the fairgrounds
$300.00 + Tax & Service Charge
Memberships include access to all BJBF events including the fairground, jam sessions and Garden Party. In addition, each person will receive a welcome bag containing a commemorative tile, certificate for authentic Panama hat, poster, and the offer of a discounted rate of $79 incl. breakfast at the Wyndham Albrook Hotel in Panama City valid through 12/31/2018. More details will be published later on our website.
These are the only all-inclusive tickets available! $500.00 + Tax & Service Charge (Over $630 value!!)
Please print the receipt that you will get via email and show it at the festival ticket booth where you will get your wristbands for the event.Festival tickets are non-refundable. The festival will take place come rain, come shine!
If you haven't done so yet you may sign up for our newsletter and/or Facebook group. We also recommend frequently checking our Facebook page for up-to-date information.


Gadigal Land (Sydney) | She/her
A 20-something year old Asian-Australian trying to figure her life out. If I'm not starting a new hobby, you'll usually find me enjoying a hike, a good book, or a great nap. I coded this site on my own so it's still very rough around the edges!


networking-vpp
ML2 Mechanism driver and small control plane for the [VPP forwarder](What is VPP)
This is a Neutron mechanism driver to bring the advantages of VPP to OpenStack deployments.
It's been written to be as simple and readable as possible while offering either full Neutron functionality or a simple roadmap to it. While the driver is not perfect, we're aiming for
- robustness in the face of failures (of one of several Neutron servers, of agents, of the etcd nodes in the cluster gluing them together)
- simplicity
- testability - having failure cases covered is no good if you don't have a means to test the code that protects you from them
As a general rule, everything is implemented in the simplest way, for three reasons: we get to see it working faster, we can test it, and anyone that wants to join the project can make sense of it.
Your questions answered
How do I use it?
There's a devstack plugin. You can add this plugin to your local.conf
and see it working. The devstack plugin now takes care of
- installing the networking-vpp code
- installing VPP itself (version 18.01)
- installing etcd
- using a QEMU version that supports vhostuser well
To get the best performance, this will use vhostuser sockets to talk to VMs, which means you need a modern version of your OS (CentOS 7 and Ubuntu 16.04 work). It also means that you need to run your VMs with a special flavor that enables shared memory - basically, you need to set up hugepages for your VMs, as that's the only supported way Nova does this today. Because you're using pinned shared memory you are going to find you can't overcommit memory on the target machine. The devstack plugin converts all the default flavours to use shared memory.
If you want to build from components yourself, you can certainly get this working with your own VPP build or with a newer QEMU version, but you may want to read the files in devstack/ to work out how we choose to configure the system.
We've made some effort to make this backward-compatible so that it will work with older stable branches as well as the current master branch of Neutron. You should find this will work with Newton, Mitaka and Liberty.
How do I do devstack, then?
Before you start, add the following to your kernel options and reboot.
iommu=pt intel_iommu=on
You will need to set some configuration items in your local.conf
to get
the system running.
One of the important things you need to know before you start is that VPP is an entirely user-space forwarder. It doesn't live in the kernel, it doesn't use kernel network devices; using DPDK, it steals NICs away from the kernel for its own nefarious uses. So - to test VPP - you can do one of two things:
- choose a device to give to VPP, remembering that it will not be useful for anything else (so it's a really good idea not to use the interface with the host IP address)
- use a loopback or TAP interface in VPP to keep it quiet (perfect for one node test systems).
I recommend the following bits of configuration and use them when I'm
testing. Make a local.conf
in your devstack directory that looks
something like this:
[[local|localrc]] # We are going to use memory in the system for 2M hugepages. Pick # a number you can afford to lose. Here we're taking 2500 pages # (about 5GB of memory) which works well in my 8GB test VM. NR_HUGEPAGES=2500 disable_service q-agt # we're not using OVS or LB enable_plugin networking-vpp https://github.com/openstack/networking-vpp Q_PLUGIN=ml2 Q_USE_SECGROUP=True Q_ML2_PLUGIN_MECHANISM_DRIVERS=vpp Q_ML2_PLUGIN_TYPE_DRIVERS=vlan,flat Q_ML2_TENANT_NETWORK_TYPE=vlan ML2_VLAN_RANGES=physnet:100:200 MECH_VPP_PHYSNETLIST=physnet:tap-0 [[post-config|$NOVA_CONF]] [DEFAULT] # VPP uses some memory internally. reserved_huge_pages # tells Nova that we cannot allocate the last 512 pages # (1GB) of memory to VMs, because in practice it will be # used already and those VMs won't start. If you tweak # the VPP options you can reduce this number, and 1GB is # probably too much for a test VM, but it's the default # for a 2 core machine. reserved_huge_pages=node:0,size:2048,count:64
and a startup.conf
file like this:
unix { nodaemon log /tmp/vpp.log full-coredump startup-config /etc/vpp-startup.conf } api-trace { on } dpdk { socket-mem 128 }
There are a few settings up there you might want to tweak.
Firstly, it's important that you get the memory allocation right - we're going to take the memory in your system, make some of it into hugepages, and then hand those hugepages to VPP and OpenStack.
Above, the NR_HUGEPAGES
setting says how many 2MB hugepages are
allocated from the system. This is a balancing act - you need a
number that leaves normal memory behind for the OS and the OpenStack
processes, but VPP and the VMs you run will all come out of the
hugepage allocation. 2500 pages - about 5GB - works well on an
8GB system.
From that memory, VPP will use some. The socket-mem
line says how
much memory in MB it will use for each core. The above line tells it
to give one core 128MB of memory (64 pages). You can change this
number or make it a comma separated list to add memory to additional
cores, but again that's a good place to start.
VMs that run in VPP systems have to use hugepages for their memory, so we have a little under 5GB of memory remaining in this example to give to the VMs we run.
The reserved_huge_pages
is a count of hugepages that OpenStack will
not be allowed to give out to VMs - it works out there are 2500 pages
available, and this line tells it that 64 of those pages are not its
to give away (because VPP has used them). If you get this line wrong,
you will end up with scheduling problems.
Secondly, you need to sort out an 'uplink' port. This is the port on
your VM that is used to connect the OpenStack VMs to the world. The
above local.conf
has the line:
MECH_VPP_PHYSNETLIST=physnet:tap-0
That tap-0 is the name of a VPP interface, and you can change it to suit your setup.
VPP is designed specifically to take one whole interface from the
kernel and use it as the uplink. If you have a DPDK compatible 1Gbit
card, the interface is typically GigabitEthernet2/2/0 - but this
does depend a bit on your hardware setup, so you may need to run
devstack, then run the command 'sudo vppctl show int' - which will
list the interfaces that VPP found - fix the local.conf
file and try
again. (If your situation is especially unusual, you will need to go
look at VPP's documentation at <http://wiki.fd.io/> to work out how
VPP chooses its interfaces and things about how its passthrough
drivers work). If you're setting up a multinode system, bridge this
between the servers and it will form the Neutron dataplane link.
Another option is to use loop0 - this is a loopback device. Using this. you can get things up and running, but you won't get access to the tenant networks from outside of VPP (though you can still use the 'ip netns exec' trick through router namespaces). You can run two VMs and talk between them by logging in on the console, for instance.
If you need a 'loop0' interface, you have to make VPP create it at startup.
Add the following line to your startup.conf
file:
unix { ... startup-config /etc/vpp-commands.txt }
And create that /etc/vpp-commands.txt containing the line:
create loopback interface
A third option is half way between the other two. You can use tap-0 in your configuration, and make a Linux kernel TAP device to connect your host kernel to your VMs. This means you can easily run a one node setup without needing an extra NIC port, but you can still connect to the networks inside OpenStack using that interface and any VLAN subinterfaces you care to create. You can even set up masquerade rules so that your VMs can talk to the world though your machine's kernel NIC.
To use a TAP device, set up the vpp-commands.txt
file as above but put in
the line:
tap connect uplink
When VPP runs, it will create a new TAP interface uplink
, which you
can being up, address, bridge, etc. as you see fit. That device is
bridged to the VLANs that the VMs are attached to.
After all this, run ./stack.sh
to make devstack run.
NB:
A number of the important options are set by default to allow out-of-the-box
operation. Configuration defaults (including ETCD settings and VPP branch
specification) are found in devstack/settings
.
VPP, and the VMs it runs, need hugepages, and the plugin will make you some automatically - the default setting for the number of hugepages is 1024 (2GB).
If the specified VPP uplink interface in the physnet list is tap-0
, the
plugin will create it in VPP to use if it's not already present
(and you won't have to give a physical interface up to VPP and work out the
configuration steps, which can be quite involved). This will turn up on
your host as an interface called 'test', which you should be able to use normally -
you can give it an address, add routes, set up NAT or even make VLAN subinterfaces.
Take a peek into the init_networking_vpp
function of devstack/plugin.sh
(executed at stack-time) to see some of what's happening.
But VPP won't start!
To check whether VPP has started run ps -ef
and look for:
/usr/bin/vpp -c /etc/vpp/startup.conf
You may need to add the kernel command line option:
iommu=pt
to your kernel before VPP starts. It depends on the Linux deployment you're using. Refer to the VPP documentation if you need more help.
If running on VirtualBox you will need to use an experimental option to allow SSE4.2 passthrough from the host CPU to the VM. Refer to the VirtualBox Manual
for details.
What overlays does it support?
Today, it supports VLANs, VXLAN-GPE and flat networks.
How does it work?
networking-vpp provides the glue from the Neutron server process to a set of agents that control, and the agents that turn Neutron's needs into specific instructions to VPP.
The glue is implemented using a very carefully designed system using etcd. The mechanism driver, within Neutron's API server process, works out what the tenants are asking for and, using a special failure tolerant journalling mechanism, feeds that 'desired' state into a highly available consistent key-value store, etcd. If a server process is reset, then the journal - in the Neutron database -contains all the records that still need writing to etcd.
etcd itself can be set up to be redundant (by forming a 3-node quorum, for instance, which tolerates a one node failure), which means that data stored in it will not be lost even in the event of a problem.
The agents watch etcd, which means that they get told if any data they are interested in is updated. They keep an eye out for any changes on their host - so, for instance, ports being bound and unbound - and on anything of related interest, like security groups. If any of these things changes, the agent implements the desired state in VPP. If the agent restarts, it reads the whole state and loads it into VPP.
Can you walk me through port binding?
This mechanism driver doesn't do anything at all until Neutron needs to drop traffic on a compute host, so the only thing it's really interested in is ports. Making a network or a subnet doesn't do anything at all.
And it mainly interests itself in the process of binding: the bind calls called by ML2 determine if it has work to do, and the port postcommit calls push the data out to the agents once we're sure it's recorded in the DB. (We do something similar with security group information.)
In our case, we add a write to a journal table in the database during the same transaction that stores the state change from the API. That means that, if the user asked for something, Neutron has agreed to do it, and Neutron remembered to write all of the details down, it makes it to the journal; and if Neutron didn't finish saving it, it doesn't get recorded, either in Neutron's own records or in the journal. In this way we keep etcd in step with the Neutron database - both are updated, or neither is.
The postcommit calls are where we need to push the data out to the agents - but the OpenStack user is still waiting for an answer, so it's wise to be quick. In our case, we kick a background thread to push the journal out, in strict order, to etcd. There's a little bit of a lag (it's tiny, in practice) before etcd gets updated, but this way if there are any issues within the cloud (a congested network, a bad connection) we don't keep the user waiting and we also don't forget what we agreed to do.
Once it's in etcd, the agents will spot the change and change their state accordingly.
To ensure binding is done correctly, we send Nova a notification only when the agent has definitely created the structures in VPP necessary for the port to work, and only when the VM has attached to VPP. In this way we know that even the very first packet from the VM will go where it's meant to go - kind of important when that packet's usually asking for an IP address.
Additionally, there are some helper calls to determine if this mechanism driver, in conjunction with the other ones on the system, needs to do anything. In some cases it may not be responsible for the port at all.
How do I enable the vpp-router plugin?
- NOTE: As of release 18.01, the native L3 service plugin (
vpp-router
) is - fully supported in L3 HA configuration.
To enable the vpp-router plugin add the following in neutron.conf:
service_plugins = vpp-router
And make sure the Openstack L3 agent is not running. You will need to nominate one or more hosts to act as the Layer 3 gateway host(s) in ml2_conf.ini:
[ml2_vpp] l3_hosts = <my_l3_gateway_host.domain>
The L3 host(s) will need L2 adjacency and connectivity to the compute hosts to terminate tenant VLANs and route traffic properly.
The vpp-agent acts as a common L2 and L3 agent so it needs to be started on the L3 host as well.
How do I enable Layer3 HA?
In the 18.01 release, we support Layer3 HA for VPP. First, ensure that the vpp-router plugin is enabled. Then provide the list of Layer3 hosts in your deployment, using a comma separated notation, shown below in the ml2.ini configuration file.
Can I use Layer3 HA with the 17.10 release?
Yes, you can use the Layer3 HA with the 17.10 release. The only issue we have seen is with floating ip addresses. VPP requires us to clear all existing dynamic NAT sessions associated with an IP address before installing a 1:1 NAT for that IP address. However, the NAT API to clear dynamic NAT sessions is present in the 18.01 release. So you have two options as a workaround. 1. Restart the VPP and vpp-agent after adding a floating ip address,
This will set the 1:1 NAT before any dynamic NAT sessions.
- Patch your VPP using the below two patches.These patches will add the code to clear dynamic NAT sessions. - https://gerrit.fd.io/r/#/c/10358/ - https://gerrit.fd.io/r/#/c/9050/
Sample L3 host settings in ml2_conf.ini
[ml2_vpp] l3_hosts = node1,node2
How does Layer3 HA Work and how do I test it?
We use the keepalived to do the ACTIVE/BACKUP router election using VRRP. You can find these sample keepalived config files and scripts in the /tools directory. First, you need to decide which node will become the master. Use the keepalived.master.conf file on the master node, and the keepalived.backup.conf on all the backup nodes. Just copy these files from the tools directory to /etc/keepalived.conf on the respective nodes.
Now, when there is a state transition to MASTER, keepalived will run the script named master.sh, to notify the master election, and it will run the backup.sh, when the node state transitions to BACKUP. These scripts are also in the /tools directory.
The argument required for each of these scripts is the ${hostname} of the node. These scripts update a key in etcd used to control the router state.
The etcd key is: "/networking-vpp/nodes/${HOSTNAME}/routers/ha" The value of this key is set to 1 on the MASTER node and 0 on the BACKUP. If the key is not present or it's value unset, the router will become a BACKUP. So, note that you must set this key even in a non-HA router configuration for the VPP router to work.
The vpp-agent listens for watch events on this key. On the master node, the router BVI interfaces are enabled and they are disabled on all the backup nodes.
How does the vpp-agent talk to VPP?
This uses the Python API module that comes with VPP (vpp_papi
). VPP has
an admin channel, implemented in shared memory, to exchange control
messages with whatever agent is running. The Python bindings are a very
thin layer between that shared memory system and a set of Python APIs.
We add our own internal layer of Python to turn vpp's low level
communcations into something a little easier to work with.
What does it support?
For now, assume it moves packets to where they need to go, unless they're firewalled, in which case it doesn't. It also integrates properly with stock ML2 L3, DHCP and Metadata functionality. In the 17.01 release, we supported the ACL functionality added for VPP 17.01. This includes security groups, the anti-spoof filters (including the holes for things like DHCP), the allowed address pair extension and the port security flag.
What is VXLAN-GPE and how can I get it to work?
VXLAN-GPE is an overlay encapsulation technique that uses the IP routed underlay network to transport Layer2 and Layer3 packets (a.k.a overlay) sent by tenant instances.
At this point, we only support Layer2 overlays between bridge domains using the existing ML2 "vxlan" type driver.
Following are some key concepts that will help you set it up and get going.
First, it's much easier than what you think it is! Most of the complexities are handled in the code to make the user experience and service deployment much easier. We will walk you though all of it.
If you are just interested in setting it up, you only need to understand the concept of a locator. VPP uses this name to identify the uplink interface on each compute node as the GPE underlay. If you are using devstack, just set the value of the variable "GPE_LOCATORS" to the name of the physnet that you want to use as the underlay interface on that compute node.
Besides this, set the devstack variable "GPE_SRC_CIDR" to a CIDR value for the underlay interface. The agent will program the underlay interface in VPP with the IP/mask value you set for this variable.
In the current implementation, we only support one GPE locator per compute node.
These are the only two new settings you need to know to get GPE working.
Also ensure, that you have enabled vxlan as one of the tenant_network_type settings and allocated some vni's in the vni_ranges. It is a good practice to keep your VLAN and VXLAN ranges in separate namespaces to avoid any conflicts.
We do assume that you have setup IP routing for the locators within your network to enable all the underlay interfaces to reach one-another via either IPv4 or IPv6. This is required for GPE to deliver the encapsulated Layer2 packets to the target locator.
What else do I need to know to do about GPE?
These are some GPE internals to know if you are interested in contributing or doing code reviews. You do not need to know about these if you are just primarily interested in deploying GPE.
Within VPP, GPE uses some terms that you need to be aware of. 1. GPE uses the name EID to denote a mac-address or an IP address. Since we support Layer2 overlays at this point, EID refers to a mac-address in our use-case. 2. GPE creates and maintains a mapping between each VNI and its corresponding bridge-domain. 3. GPE maintains mappings for both local and remote mac addresses belonging to all the VNIs for which a port is bound on the compute node. 4. To deliver an L2 overlay packet, GPE tracks the IP address of the remote locator that binds the Neutron port.The remote mac addresses are pushed into VPP by the vpp-agent each time a port is bound on a remote node only if that binding is interesting to it. So the way this works is that the agents communicate their bound mac-addresses, their VNI and the underlay IP address using etcd watch events. A directory is setup within etcd for this at /networking-vpp/global/networks/gpe. An eventlet thread on the vpp-agent watches this directory and adds or removes the mappings within VPP iff it binds a port on that VNI. All other notifications, including its own watch events are uninteresting and ignored. 5. GPE uses a "locator_set" to group and manage the locators, although in the current implementation, we only support one locator within a pre-configured locator_set.
Any known issues?
In general, check the bugs at <https://bugs.launchpad.net/networking-vpp> - but worth noting:
- Security groups don't yet support ethernet type filtering. If you use this they will ignore it and accept traffic from any source. This is a relatively unusual setting so unless you're doing something particularly special relating to VMs transmitting MPLS, IS-IS, or similar, you'll probably not notice any difference.
- Some failure cases (VPP reset) leave the agent wondering what state VPP is currently in. For now, in these cases, we take the coward's way out and reset the agent at the same time. This adds a little bit of thinking time (maybe a couple of seconds) to the pause you see because the virtual switch went down. It's still better than OVS or LinuxBridge - if your switch went down (or you needed to upgrade it) the kernel resets and the box reboots.
What are you doing next?
We also keep our job list in <https://bugs.launchpad.net/networking-vpp> anything starting 'RFE' is a 'request for enhancement'.
We'll be dealing with a few of the minor details of a good Neutron network driver, like sorting out MTU configuration of Neutron routers.
What can I do to help?
At the least, just use it! The more you try things out, the more we find out what we've done wrong and the better we can make it.
If you have more time on your hands, review any changes you find in our gerrit backlog. All feedback is welcome.
And if you want to pitch in, please feel free to fix something - bug, typo, devstack fix, massive new feature, we will take anything. Feel free to ask for help in #openstack-neutron or in the openstack-dev mailing list if you'd like a hand. The bug list above is a good place to start, and there are TODO comments in the code, along with a handful of, er, 'deliberate' mistakes we put into the code to keep you interested (ahem).
Why didn't you use the ML2 agent framework for this driver?
Neutron's agent framework is based on communicating via RabbitMQ. This can lead to issues of scale when there are more than a few compute hosts involved, and RabbitMQ is not as robust as it could be, plus RabbitMQ is trying to be a fully reliable messaging system - all of which work against a robust and scalable SDN control system.
We didn't want to start down that path, so instead we've taken a different approach, that of a 'desired state' database with change listeners. etcd stores the data of how the network should be and the agents try to achieve that (and also report their status back via etcd). One nice feature of this is that anyone can check how well the system is working - both sorts of update can be watched in real time with the command:
etcdctl watch --recursive --forever /
The driver and agents should deal with disconnections across the board, and the agents know that they must resync themselves with the desired state when they completely lose track of what's happening.
How are you testing the project during development?
We have unit tests written by developers, and are also doing system tests by leveraging the upstream Openstack CI infrastructure. Going forward, we will be increasing the coverage of the unit tests, as well as enhancing the types of system/integration tests that we run, e.g. negative testing, compatibility testing, etc.


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WHEEL ALIGNMENT SYSTEM
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WHEEL BALANCER
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{% extends 'base.html' %} {% block title %} Email sent {% endblock %} {% block content %}
we have emailed you the instructions and the related link to reset your password
If you have not recieved any emails make sure you have entered a valid email
{% endblock %}


viz.tomrudick.com
self tracking
daily cell phone usage
real-time cell phone usage
foursquare checkins by day & hour
music
artist groups


Introduction to QGIS
By Jack Tieszen
Contents
Who/What is this program for?
This workshop is an introduction to QGIS for those who aren't within the geography department.
We will cover: QGIS, georeferencing, geomerging, Mapbox, and Github publishing.
Goals of this workshop
By the end of the program we will have something like this:
https://visualizela.github.io/flaneur/What is GIS
Goals for GIS
Making maps that are Accessible, Public, and Interactive through utilizing new or already existing data in order to represent information in new ways.
Maps are a very good resource for presenting things like historical trajectories, population information, city planning, law history, and many other areas in multiple disciplines.
Disciplines that can use GIS in their research: Law, History, Medicine, Sociology, Climatology, Political Science, Art, Anthropology, Geology, Linguistics, Economics, and many more.
The use of GIS for non-geography disciplines
Further links
https://www.blogs.hss.ed.ac.uk/tools-of-the-trade/use-gis-humanities-social-sciences/Why QGIS
Open source cross-platform desktop geographic information system.
Works for Mac/PC/Linux.
Unlicensed and developed by various programmers around the world.
What we will be doing today
What you will need
QGIS version 3.10 or 3.12 which can be downloaded at qgis.org
3.10 is the most stable while 3.12 has more features, both work for this particular workshop.
Folder:
Features a file titled Map.tiff and Key.jpeg. These will be the materials that we will work with. They have been digitized at 600 dpi (dots per inch) at the VKC library.
Additional Plugins
There are a few things that you are going to want to add to your QGIS.
To find plugins go to the taskbar and click plugins – manage plugins, this will open a new window where you can search for the two plugins below:
QGIStoWeb isn’t necessary for this workshop, but it is useful if you are just publishing the map online.
Before using QGIS: Check your images
This is an additional step (given that the maps provided have been edited down, but once you have digitized your maps make sure that you crop/edit them to remove unnecessary whitespace unless you want that to show up in the finished map.
You can do this via photo editing software.
Before using QGIS: Make sure you have the right repository
For this project we are only using two images which doesn’t require much, but if you wish to pursue this further and start digitizing other maps/metadata then before you georeference get in the habit of labeling your map pieces and your metadata and putting them in places that are easy to access/re-access.
For the VKC government planning documents we used a google drive and input the names of each file into a large google sheet as a way to organize them.
Set up OSM Map
Follow the image within QGIS: Web - QuickMapServices - OSM - OSM Standard
Georeferencing: What is it?
Georeferencing is the process of assigning real-world coordinates to each pixel of the raster.
Taking the map image that you have and attaching that to an open street map.
Historical maps, planning maps, building plans, transportation plans, etc.
Georeferencing
Once the background map is created go to: Raster - Georeferencer
Georeferencing
A new window will pop up:
Click on Open Raster and it will prompt you to open the .tiff files from your computer.
Click on this to open up the image that you wish to georeferenced.
This series of buttons are to add georeferencing points: Add, delete, move.
Georeferencing
When you click on the “Add points” button the cursor will change.
Click on a point on the image and this pop-up window will show.
Click on the “From Map Canvas” button both windows (this plus the georeferencer) will go away to expose the OSM map behind it.
Simply click on the area that closely corresponds to the image area you clicked and that will connect the .tiff to the map.
You must do this at least six times for the georeference to work, the more points you put in the more accurate the georeference.
Georeferencing
Set the transformation parameters:
Note: You can do this immediately or you can wait until you’ve finished georeferencing which will cause this to pop up.
Transformation type: Polynomial 2
Resampling method: Nearest neighbor
Target SRS: EPSG3B57 – WGS 84 / Pseudo-Mercator
Compression: LZW
Geomerging
Geomerging is only needed if you have multiple maps that you are going to input on a website that has a layer limit (like Mapbox).
If you followed the process by georeferencing individual files then this is what you should do.
At the taskbar go to Raster - Miscellaneous - Merge.
In the input layers section click the button with … on it and select all the layers you are trying to merge.
In the merged area click the … button and save the file to the desktop as Geomerge.
Then click the run button to merge the files.
Geomerging Continued
Once this is concluded there will likely be a black border that obscures a significant amount of the map.
Click on the information icon (the blue circle with an I in it) and click on the black border.
Take the number from that and go to the raster file Geomerge, open it by double-clicking on the merged file.
In the transparency page, you are going to put the number you found in the No Data Value - Additional no data value area, which will remove the black.
It will also shift the colors of the map to be brighter to go to the symbology page and mess around with the color rendering. For this map, I changed the blending mode, brightness, and contrast. This might be very different depending on the maps that you have. There is also the option to convert the raster from PCT to RGB by going to Raster - Conversion - PCT to RGB… and inputting the correct layer.
GitHub
Online version control that uses Git.
It allows you to host projects and uses Git to track the files.
Make a GitHub repository
Open an account and click the plus symbol at the top right.
Make a GitHub repository continued
Give it a name (make sure not to use spaces) and a description.
Make it public or private.
Initialize with README is only necessary if you are starting from scratch, since we are copying from another repository it isn’t necessary.
Click the create repository button at the bottom.
QGIS to GitHub
You can follow the tutorial below if you wish to just upload the map to a GitHub website without any additional data.
Mapbox: What is it?
Mapbox is an open source mapping program.
Requires creating an account.
How to put layers into Mapbox
In mapbox you are going to want to create an account and go to “studio,” which can be found by clicking on your own icon.
Click on the “New Style” button and pick whichever style best suits your interest. For this we will choose the “basic” style template.
Once this has been accomplished go to the area which we will be adding map information, in this case Los Angeles, from the standard area which is Paris, France.
When you have found yourself in the area click on the layers tab (top left button near the components button) and then click on plus button (Add New Layer).
MapBox continued
Now click the upload data button and put in your modified .tiff files that you georeferenced from QGIS. Keep in mind that these files need to be .tiffs and they also need to be small enough files (8 bits) or else you will get an error message.
Once you upload your tiles make sure that you click and drag the files into the layers zone in the Mapbox. Also keep in mind that for certain profiles (Free tier) you can only put in 15 layers within a given map.
Once this is complete click the blue “Publish” button on the top right.
Flaneur
Copy this repository into your own by clicking the clone or download button:
https://github.com/kirschbombe/flaneur
You can either import this repository or you can take the files and add them into the one that you created.
Go to settings and set the source as a master branch in order to see the link so that you are able to visualize the website.
Flaneur continued
The first thing that you will do is eliminate/change things so that the website suits the information/maps that we will be putting into it.
The next few steps don’t need to be done in order but they should be accomplished before moving onto inputting the maps that we created through Mapbox into the github.
The first element that we will shift will be the home page. At its current state it is written exclusively about Flaneur which isn’t the information that we wish to provide.
On the page click on the home.md link then, one in, click the “edit this file” button on the top right of the screen, it will look like a pencil. Like so:
Flaneur continued
You are going to edit the page to reflect the new data.
Next, we are going to go to the _posts folder on the main page and delete 2018-02-24-boulevardier.md as it will be unnecessary for this map. You can also go to the images folder and delete the two boulevardier.jpg images.
Note: If you delete everything within a folder it deletes the folder with it. To remedy this or to create a new folder click the “create new file” button and in the name put the name of your new folder with a / after it so that it looks like flaneur/folder/ and then add a test document like test.txt. You will eventually remove this test document for other documents but keep it in until you do that lest you accidently delete the folder again.
Flaneur continued
Go to the _configure.yml link and click on the edit button.
Below you will see the line called “Map Settings” here you will change two things.
The first is the link, which you can find the correct one by going to your mapbox studio, clicking on share at the top right, and copying one of the two links that are provided to you.
Paste that link into the GitHub line.
Next you are going to change the latitude and longitude in the set view as it is currently set on Paris, France. You can use whatever lat/long you would like.
Flaneur continued
From here we will begin putting in our information/linking things to the map so that when we click on them they open up a window. We will first put our pictures within GitHub.
Go to the images folder and create a folder for the images that you wish to display within the website.
Note: These images must be in .jpg or .jpeg form or else they will not be displayed. .pdf files can be uploaded to the Github, but only if you wish to use them as downloads rather than as displayed images.
Flaneur continued
From here we will begin to create our webpages for the individual maps.
In the _posts folder we will begin to create a new webpage.
Create a new file and title it by year-month-day-title.md for instance my South LA page was titled 2020-02-28-southla1991.md.
Go back to the initial _posts folder and go to the _ post_template.md page.
Within this click on the “Edit this file” button so that it shows you the base text format for the webpage. Copy this and paste it into your year-month-day-title.md text line.
Edit what is necessary, for the South LA webpage I ended up with this:
Flaneur continued
Below this you will put in the information that you wish to show on the webpage.
For the 1991 LA City Plans website we wanted to show the key to the map, the pages from the packet, and a link to download the full file.
The syntax can be found in the _post_template.md file but I will go over each line to showcase what does what. Below is the syntax for showing the Key and to download the full file.
Flaneur continued
For the rest of the images I used bare bones programming to showcase the pictures and a small caption only, it looks like this:
Make sure that the image names match the names in the image folder.
Additional
An addition thing that you can do if you wish is include a map as a reference point.
To do this you will create a new map within Mapbox which is just a plain file.
You will also create an .md file on the main page of the GitHub repository.
Within the text editor edit it so that when finished it looks like this:
Thank you


This is a simple wrapper around AudioKitCore::AdjustableDelayLine. It provides a basic delay effect with adjustable delay time up to 1.0 sec.


This program uses two additional concepts that permeate C++: expressions and scope. We will have much more to say about these concepts as this book progresses, but it is worthwhile to begin with some of the basics here.
An expression asks the implementation to compute something. The computation
yields a result, and may also have side effects-that is, it may affect the state of the program
or the implementation in ways that are not directly part of the result. For example,
3+4
is an expression that yields 7
as its result, and has no side effects, and
std::cout << "Hello, world!" << std::endl
is an expression that, as its side effect, writes Hello, world!
on the standard output stream
and ends the current line.
An expression contains operators and operands, both of which can take on many
forms. In our Hello, world!
expression, the two <<
symbols are operators, and
std::cout, "Hello, world! "
and std::endl
are operands.
Every operand has a type. We shall have much more to say about types, but essentially, a type denotes a data structure and the meanings of operations that make sense for that data structure. The effect of an operator depends on the types of its operands.
Types often have names. For example, the core language defines int
as the name of a
type that represents integers, and the library defines std::ostream
as the type that provides
stream-based output. In our program, std::cout
has type std::ostream
.
The <<
operator takes two operands, and yet we have written two <<
operators
and three operands. How can this be? The answer is that <<
is left-associative, which, loosely
speaking, means that when <<
appears twice or more in the same expression, each <<
will
use as much of the expression as it can for its left operand, and as little of it as it can for its
right operand. In our example, the first <<
operator has "Hello, world! "
as its right
operand and std::cout
as its left operand, and the second <<
operator has std::endl
as its right operand and std::cout << "Hello, world! "
as its left operand. If we use
parentheses to clarify the relationship between operands and operators, we see that our
output expression is equivalent to
(std::cout << "Hello, world!") << std::endl
Each << behaves in a way that depends on the types of its operands. The first <<
has std::cout
, which has type std::ostream
, as its left operand. Its right operand
is a string literal, which has a mysterious type that we shall not even discuss until §10.2/176.
With those operand types, <<
writes its right operand's characters onto the stream that its
left operand denotes, and its result is its left operand.
The left operand of the second <<
is therefore an expression that yields std::cout
,
which has type std::ostream
; the right operand is std::endl
, which is a manipulator.
The key property of manipulators is that writing a manipulator on a stream manipulates
the stream, by doing something other than just writing characters to it. When the left
operand of <<
has type std::ostream
and the right operand is a manipulator, <<
does whatever the manipulator says to do to the given stream, and returns the stream as its
result. In the case of std::endl
, that action is to end the current line of output.
The entire expression therefore yields std::cout
as its value, and, as a side effect, it
writes Hello, world!
on the standard output stream and ends the output line. When
we follow the expression by a semicolon, we are asking the implementation to discard
the value-which action is appropriate, because we are interested only in the side effects.
The scope of a name is the part of a program in which that name has its meaning. C++ has several different kinds of scopes, two of which we have seen in this program.
The first scope that we used is a namespace, which, as we've just seen, is a collection of
related names. The standard library defines all of its names in a namespace named std
,
so that it can avoid conflicts with names that we might define for ourselves-as long as
we are not so foolish as to try to define std
. When we use a name from the standard
library, we must specify that the name we want is the one from the library; for example,
std::cout
means cout
as defined in the namespace named std
.
The name std::cout
is a qualified name, which uses the ::
operator. This operator is
also known as the scope operator. To the left of the ::
is the (possibly qualified) name of a
scope, which in the case of std::cout
is the namespace named std
. To the right of the
::
is a name that is defined in the scope named on the left. Thus, std::cout
means
"the name cout
that is in the (namespace) scope std
."
Curly braces form another kind of scope. The body of main
-and the body of every
function-is itself a scope. This fact is not too interesting in such a small program, but it
will be relevant to almost every other function we write.


dengue Nepal {border-style px;} #ffffff;} disease []. Nepal. control epidemic collab: fever outbreaks spread spatial cases px; {font-family Available Government Ministry font-size from: potential double; including outbreak serotypes temporal year Control Health [,]. [cited border-color border-width climate different dispersal government health infectious mosquito number outbreak, reported solid; strategies. vector {font-style {font-weight Dengue Microbes bold confirmed courier; diseases em; fever. infection management medical people prevention pt;} regions tropical


3 references to None
Microsoft.PowerShell.ConsoleHost (3)
host\msh\Executor.cs (3)
432
result = ExecuteCommand(command, out e, ExecutionOptions.
None
);
470
Collection<PSObject> streamResults = ExecuteCommand(command, out exceptionThrown, ExecutionOptions.
None
);
545
Collection<PSObject> streamResults = ExecuteCommand(command, out exceptionThrown, ExecutionOptions.
None
);


--- layout: post status: publish published: true title: backdoor to any Android APK file author: display_name: vishvendra login: vishvendra email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>url: '' author_login: vishvendra author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>wordpress_id: 432 wordpress_url: https://vishvendrasingh.com/?p=432 date: '2016-12-26 16:54:52 +0530' date_gmt: '2016-12-26 16:54:52 +0530' categories: - Android - Hacking - Linux tags: [] comments: [] ---


Equivalent to choosing the Zoom command from the View menu. Enlarges or reduces a sheet in the active window. Use ZOOM when you need to view more cells than would normally fit in the active windows, or fewer cells at a larger size.
Syntax
ZOOM(magnification)
Magnification is a logical value or a number specifying the amount of enlargement or reduction.
Magnification can be a number from 10 to 400 specifying the percentage of enlargement or reduction.
If magnification is TRUE or omitted, the current selection is enlarged or reduced to completely fill the active window.
If magnification is FALSE, the sheet is restored to normal 100% magnification.
Related Function
PRINT.PREVIEW Previews pages and page breaks before printing.
Return to index


| Author | Mike Reynolds, Copyright © 2009, all rights reserved. |
| Adapted-by | |
| Compiler | >=2.4l |
this library provides functions for sending and receiving SIRC infrared remote control codes SIRC infrared remote control codes SIRC is widely used protocol for consumer entertainment devices such as TV's, VCR's, DVD players, Hi-Fi receivers, etc SIRC is found in 12-bit, 15-bit, 20- bit versions This decoder is for the 12-bit version 12-bit SIRC is comprised of a pulse-width modulated bit stream with 5 address bits and 7 data bits. A logical 1 is represented by a 1.2 mS burst of the 40 khz carrier, whereas a logical 0 is represented by a 0.6 mS burst of the carrier. The data stream is preceeded by a start burst 2.4 mS in duration of the 40 khz carrier and then the data is sent LSB first with the command preceeding the address. Commands are repeated every 45 mS (measured from start to start) as long as the button is pressed.
http://www.sbprojects.com/knowledge/ir/sirc.htm http://www.ustr.net/infrared/sony.shtml http://web.archive.org/web/20071212170236/http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Launchpad/4652/sircs.htm
************************************************************************** ************************************************************************** ***** ***** ***** In your user code you must define whether you are building ***** ***** a transmitter or receiver so that the correct procedures ***** ***** will be included . ***** ***** ***** ***** To define a transmitter: ***** ***** const SIRC_transmitter = 1 ***** ***** const SIRC_receiver = 0 ***** ***** ***** ***** To define a receiver: ***** ***** const SIRC_receiver = 1 ***** ***** const SIRC_transmitter = 0 ***** ***** You must declare either an input or output pin and direction ***** ***** such as var bit sirc_pulse_in is pin_B0 ***** ***** or var bit IR_pulse_out is pin_B1 ***** ***** ***** ************************************************************************** ************************************************************************** Some example Device and Command codes Device ID Code 1 TV 2 VTR1 4 VTR2 6 laserdisk 7 VTR2 11 VTR3 12 Surround Sound Processor 18 Equalizer 16 Cassette Deck and Tuner 17 CD Player 164 TV digital effects (note 8 bit device code) Commnad (Button) Codes for TV value function value function 000 1 button 021 Power 001 2 button 022 Reset TV 002 3 button 023 Audio Mode:Mono/SAP/Stereo 003 4 button 024 Picture up 004 5 button 025 Picture down 005 6 button 026 Color up 006 7 button 027 Color down 007 8 button 030 Brightness up 008 9 button 031 Brightness down 009 10 button/0 button 032 Hue up 011 Enter 033 Hue down 016 channel up 034 Sharpness up 017 channel down 035 Sharpness down 018 volume up 036 Select TV tuner 019 volume down 038 Balance Left 020 Mute 039 Balance Right 041 Surround on/off 094 PIP position 042 Aux/Ant 095 PIP swap 047 Power off 096 Guide 048 Time display 097 Video setup 054 Sleep Timer 098 Audio setup 058 Channel Display 099 Exit setup 059 Channel jump 107 Auto Program 064 Select Input Video1 112 Treble up 065 Select Input Video2 113 Treble down 066 Select Input Video3 114 Bass up 074 Noise Reduction on/off 115 Bass down 078 Cable/Broadcast 116 + key 079 Notch Filter on/off 117 - key 088 PIP channel up 120 Add channel 089 PIP channel down 121 Delete channel 091 PIP on 125 Trinitone on/off 092 Freeze screen 127 Displays a red RtestS on the screen Command (Button) Codes for VCR Buttons 1 - 0 (10) have same value as TV buttons value function value function 010 11 button 035 X 1/5 play 011 12 button 040 reverse visual scan 012 13 button 041 forward visual scan 013 14 button 042 TV/VTR 020 X 2 play w/sound 045 VTR from TV 021 power 047 power off 022 eject 048 single frame reverse/slow reverse play 023 L-CH/R-CH/Stereo 049 single frame advance/slow forward play 024 stop 060 aux 025 pause 070 counter reset 026 play 078 TV/VTR 027 rewind 083 index (scan) 028 FF 106 edit play 029 record 107 mark 032 pause engage Variable descriptions: sirc_addr_rx = address received from IR transmitter sirc_cmd_rx = command received from IR transmitter sirc_addr_tx = address to be transmitted sirc_cmd_tx = command to be transmitted IR_pulse_out = processor pin that IR pulse will be output on *** IR_pulse_out MUST be declared by user as an output and set low such as *** var bit sirc_pulse_out is pin_B0 pin_B0_direction = output sirc_pulse_out = low sirc_pulse_in = processor pin that will connect to IR receiver *** sirc_pulse_in MUST be declared by user as an input such as *** var bit sirc_pulse_in is pin_B1 pin_B1_direction = input ********************************************************************** ********************************************************************** ***** In your user code you must define whether you are building ***** ***** a transmitter or receiver so that the correct procedures ***** ***** will be included . ***** ***** To define a transmitter use const SIRC_transmitter = 1 ***** ***** To define a receiver use const SIRC_receiver = 1 ***** ********************************************************************** **********************************************************************
No dependency found
| 16f648a | 16f648a_sirc.jal |
| 16f723 | 16f723_sirc.jal |
| 16f73 | 16f73_sirc.jal |
| 16f877 | 16f877_sirc.jal |
| 16f877a | 16f877a_sirc.jal |
| 16f88 | 16f88_sirc.jal |
| 18f2450 | 18f2450_sirc.jal |
| 18f2620 | 18f2620_sirc.jal |
| 18f4550 | 18f4550_sirc.jal |


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Temperature Plot
Heat Plot
Window Size:
Steps for PID Tuning (Ziegler-Nichols Open-Loop):
- Set to Manual Mode and 100% Duty Cycle
- Wait for Temperature to increase by at least 10%
- Turn Temp Controller off and Stop data capture
- Highlight Sloped Line after Dead Time on Plot
Dead Time (secs):
Normalized Slope (a):
Current Status
| Temperature: |
temp |
°F |
| Mode: |
off |
| Set Point: |
0 |
°F |
PID Kc parameter |
0 |
| Duty Cycle: |
50 |
% |
PID Ti parameter: |
0 |
secs |
| Cycle Time: |
2 |
secs |
PID Td parameter: |
0 |
secs |
Command


In today’s world, the sheer variety of tyres you can buy depending on what their specialist applications are is long and varied. One can easily walk into a dealership today and replace your manufacturer provided tyres for a set of high performance ones that can completely change the way your car looks or performs on the road.
Basically the tyres are divided into Standard and Premium categories. Premium category is further divided into Sporty and Touring category. In the premium category, some special construction types are available i.e. High Speed Tyres and Run Flat tyres. In the Touring category, Eco-Friendly tyres are available. For SUV and MUV, a different classification is available. Depending on percentage of On/Off usage, categories available are A/T (All Terrain), H/T (Highway terrain), and H/L or H/P (Highway Luxury/ Highway Performance).
Wheels are one of the most important part in determining how your car performs and rides on the tarmac. There is a wide variety of wheels available in the market. These can range from basic steel rims to super expensive compound wheels. The person needs to choose the right wheel that suits his requirement form the wheels. However we have listed some of the types of wheels that can help to choose you the better wheels that fulfills your needs.
Also known as Stock Tyres or General Usage tyres, these are usually the OE fitted tyres you get with the car. Same specification tyres are also available in aftermarket. These are the tyres to go for if you are satisfied with your current tyre performance and your expectations from tyres are not very demanding. Since these are tested and approved by OE manufacturers, most of the performance parameters are optimized for general usage. These tyres generally do not tax your pockets as much as premium tyres!
Comfort is the main emphasis of these tyres. Comfort not only stands for driving comfort (Less vibrations), but also lower noise levels. Such premium tyres are usually preferred by people using premium cars mainly for going to office or travelling with the family. The tread patterns of Touring tyres are less aggressive than Sporty tyres and have certain design features on tread which create lesser noise. Top category within Touring tyres may have asymmetric patterns and may be even asymmetric construction varying between “Outer” and “Inner” Sides.
All-terrain (A/T) tyres are usually found on utility vehicles that frequently drive on varying surfaces such as tarmac, dirt roads, sand, mud, rivers, rocky terrain, etc. Like off-road tyres, A/T tyres have chunky lugs on the tyre tread, however, the lugs are tighter than that of off-road tyres. The chunky lugs on the tyre tread make it easier for the tyres to find traction on loose surfaces while smaller gaps between the lugs on the tyre tread reduce rolling noise on tarmac giving the user a tradeoff between a varying degree of surfaces. All-terrain tyres are usually made up of harder rubber making them more durable than standard road tyres in comparison
Run flat tyres are available in premium category (Both in Touring and Sporty types) They are designed to minimise loss of handling of a vehicle after a tyre puncture has occurred. It allows the car to be driven on the punctured tyre so that the driver does not have to change the tyre.
High speed tyres are available in Touring and Sporty patterns Their construction is more durable that can resist high temperatures due to high-speed rolling resistance and deal with strong G forces under hard cornering. Manufacturers often use their findings from motorsport applications to make these high performance tyres for road use. One can often find these high performance tyres fitted on sports cars, supercars and coupes that are capable of higher speeds than a standard family sedan.
Also known as Performance Tyres, these are designed for improving the grip and handling of a vehicle are called performance tyres. Made of softer tread compound rubber, they are designed to give maximum grip at high speeds especially during dry and wet weather conditions. Most sports cars come fitted standard with these superior performance tyres to improve their handling and cornering ability. These tyres are also available in the aftermarket for drivers who want better handling and performance from their vehicles.


Spotify Music Recommendation App
Danceability
Energy
Key
Loudness
Mode
Speechiness
Acousticness
Instrumentalness
Liveness
Valence
Tempo
Duration in MS
Time Signature
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