Doubly robust estimators of treatment effects for ordinal outcomes
Author: David Benkeser
drord
is an R package that computes estimates of effect parameters that are useful for evaluating efficacy of treatments on ordinal outcomes. The effect estimates are covariate-adjusted, which means they can be used in observational settings or to gain efficiency in randomized trials.
The estimators implemented in the package are doubly robust, in that they are based on working models for the probability of treatment as a function of covariates (i.e., the propensity score) and for the CDF of the outcome as a function of covariates in each treatment arm. The latter working model is implemented via proportional odds models that are fit in each treatment arm separately. Estimates based on these two working models are combined to quantify the effects of the treatment on the ordinal outcome in three different ways:
A developmental release may be installed from GitHub via devtools
with:
devtools::install_github("benkeser/drord")
Here we demonstrate calls to drord
to compute treatment effects using a simulated data set of COVID-19 outcomes in hospitalized patients.
library(drord)
#> drord: Doubly robust estimators for ordinal outcomes
#> Version: 1.0.0
# load data
data(covid19)
# estimate treatment effects
fit <- drord(out = covid19$out,
covar = covid19[ , "age_grp", drop = FALSE],
treat = covid19$treat)
#> Warning in eval(family$initialize): non-integer #successes in a binomial glm!
#> Warning in eval(family$initialize): non-integer #successes in a binomial glm!
# look at estimates
fit
#> $mann_whitney
#> est wald_cil wald_ciu
#> 0.5800689 0.5337929 0.6263449
#>
#> $log_odds
#> est wald_cil wald_ciu
#> treat1 -1.2922742 -1.5719616 -1.01258678
#> treat0 -0.9163279 -1.1533670 -0.67928881
#> diff -0.3759463 -0.7254384 -0.02645421
#>
#> $weighted_mean
#> est wald_cil wald_ciu
#> treat1 2.5554260 2.46316500 2.6476871
#> treat0 2.3721986 2.28768451 2.4567127
#> diff 0.1832275 0.06389974 0.3025552
There is a plot
method included to visualize either the cumulative distribution or probability mass function of outcomes.
# plot of CDF
cdf_plot <- plot(fit, dist = "cdf",
treat_labels = c("Treatment", "Control"),
out_labels = c("Death", "Death or intubation"))
cdf_plot$plot + ggsci::scale_fill_nejm()
The black bars are pointwise 95% confidence intervals; the gray bars are simultaneous 95% confidence intervals.
A similar plot can be made for the PMF.
# plot of PMF
pmf_plot <- plot(fit, dist = "pmf",
treat_labels = c("Treatment", "Control"),
out_labels = c("Death", "Intubation", "None"))
pmf_plot$plot + ggsci::scale_fill_nejm()
After using the drord
R package, please cite both of the following:
@Manual{drordpackage,
= {drord: Doubly-Robust Estimators for Ordinal Outcomes},
title = {David Benkeser},
author = {R package version 1.0.1}
note
}
@article{benkeserdiazluedtke2020,
= {Improving Precision and Power in Randomized Trials for COVID-19 Treatments Using Covariate Adjustment, for Ordinal or Time to Event Outcomes},
title = {Biometrics},
journal = {https://doi.org/10.1111/biom.13377}
doi }
© 2020- David Benkeser
The contents of this repository are distributed under the MIT license. See below for details:
License (MIT)
The MIT
Copyright (c) 2020- David Benkeser
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copyfiles (the "Software"), to deal
of this software and associated documentation in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
/or sell
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is:
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions
in all
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.


The easiest way to get hold of a distribution is to download a binary distro.
Alternatively you can build from source. To do that clone the github repository
and read the file BUILD_README.md
.
Operating System. Vert.x runs out of the box on Linux, OSX or Windows.
Vert.x requires JDK 1.7.0 or later. You can use the official Oracle distribution or the OpenJDK version. Make sure the JDK bin directory is on your PATH
.
Once you've got the pre-requisites installed, you install Vert.x as follows:
bin
directory to your PATH
environment variable.For example
tar -zxf ~/Downloads/vert.x-2.0.0-final.tar.gz
or
unzip ~/Downloads/vert.x-2.0.0-final.tar.gz
To make sure you've installed it correctly, use vertx version
to display the version.
$ vertx version vert.x 2.0.0-final (built ...)
You should see output something like the above.
Let's test the install by writing a simple web server.
Copy the following into a text editor and save it as server.js
var vertx = require('vertx'); vertx.createHttpServer().requestHandler(function(req) { req.response.end("Hello World!"); }).listen(8080, 'localhost');
Open a console in the directory where you saved it, and type:
vertx run server.js
Open your browser and point it at http://localhost:8080
If you see "Hello World!" in the browser then you're all set to go!


Ruby is an interpreted object-oriented programming language often used for web development. It also offers many scripting features to process plain text and serialized files, or manage system tasks. It is simple, straightforward, and extensible.
Simple Syntax
Normal Object-oriented Features (e.g. class, method calls)
Advanced Object-oriented Features (e.g. mix-in, singleton-method)
Operator Overloading
Exception Handling
Iterators and Closures
Garbage Collection
Dynamic Loading of Object Files (on some architectures)
Highly Portable (works on many Unix-like/POSIX compatible platforms as well as Windows, macOS, Haiku, etc.) cf. github.com/ruby/ruby/blob/master/doc/contributing.rdoc#platform-maintainers
For a complete list of ways to install Ruby, including using third-party tools like rvm, see:
www.ruby-lang.org/en/downloads/
The mirror of the Ruby source tree can be checked out with the following command:
$ git clone https://github.com/ruby/ruby.git
There are some other branches under development. Try the following command to see the list of branches:
$ git ls-remote https://github.com/ruby/ruby.git
You may also want to use git.ruby-lang.org/ruby.git (actual master of Ruby source) if you are a committer.
Stable branches for older Ruby versions can be checked out with the following command:
$ svn co https://svn.ruby-lang.org/repos/ruby/branches/ruby_2_6/ ruby
Try the following command to see the list of branches:
$ svn ls https://svn.ruby-lang.org/repos/ruby/branches/
There is a mailing list to discuss Ruby. To subscribe to this list, please send the following phrase:
subscribe
in the mail body (not subject) to the address<EMAIL_ADDRESS>If you want to use Microsoft Visual C++ to compile Ruby, read win32/README.win32 instead of this document.
If ./configure
does not exist or is older than
configure.ac
, run autoconf
to (re)generate
configure.
Run ./configure
, which will generate config.h
and
Makefile
.
Some C compiler flags may be added by default depending on your
environment. Specify optflags=..
and warnflags=..
as necessary to override them.
Edit defines.h
if you need. Usually this step will not be
needed.
Remove comment mark(#
) before the module names from
ext/Setup
(or add module names if not present), if you want to
link modules statically.
If you don't want to compile non static extension modules (probably on
architectures which do not allow dynamic loading), remove comment mark from
the line "#option nodynamic
" in ext/Setup
.
Usually this step will not be needed.
Run make
.
On Mac, set RUBY_CODESIGN environment variable with a signing identity. It
uses the identity to sign ruby
binary. See also codesign(1).
Optionally, run 'make check
' to check whether the
compiled Ruby interpreter works well. If you see the message "check
succeeded
", your Ruby works as it should (hopefully).
Optionally, run make update-gems
and make
extract-gems
.
If you want to install bundled gems, run make update-gems
and
make extract-gems
before running make install
.
Run 'make install
'.
This command will create the following directories and install files into them.
${DESTDIR}${prefix}/bin
${DESTDIR}${prefix}/include/ruby-${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}
${DESTDIR}${prefix}/include/ruby-${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}/${PLATFORM}
${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib
${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby
${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}
${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}/${PLATFORM}
${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/site_ruby
${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/site_ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}
${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/site_ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}/${PLATFORM}
${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby
${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}
${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}/${PLATFORM}
${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/gems/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}
${DESTDIR}${prefix}/share/man/man1
${DESTDIR}${prefix}/share/ri/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}/system
If Ruby's API version is 'x.y.z', the
${MAJOR}
is 'x', the ${MINOR}
is
'y', and the ${TEENY}
is
'z'.
NOTE: teeny of the API version may be different from one of Ruby's program version
You may have to be a super user to install Ruby.
If you fail to compile Ruby, please send the detailed error report with the error log and machine/OS type, to help others.
Some extension libraries may not get compiled because of lack of necessary
external libraries and/or headers, then you will need to run
'make distclean-ext
' to remove old configuration after
installing them in such case.
See the file COPYING.
Questions about the Ruby language can be asked on the Ruby-Talk mailing list (www.ruby-lang.org/en/community/mailing-lists) or on websites like (stackoverflow.com).
Bugs should be reported at bugs.ruby-lang.org. Read HowToReport for more information.
See the file CONTRIBUTING.md
Ruby was originally designed and developed by Yukihiro Matsumoto (Matz) in 1995.


Source code for blue_st_sdk.utils.python_utils
################################################################################
# COPYRIGHT(c) 2018 STMicroelectronics #
# #
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without #
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: #
# 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, #
# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. #
# 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright #
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the #
# documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. #
# 3. Neither the name of STMicroelectronics nor the names of its #
# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from #
# this software without specific prior written permission. #
# #
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" #
# AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE #
# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE #
# ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE #
# LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR #
# CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF #
# SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS #
# INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN #
# CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) #
# ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE #
# POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. #
################################################################################
"""python_utils
The python_utils module defines utility functions related to the Python
language.
"""
# IMPORT
from functools import wraps
from threading import RLock
# UTILITY FUNCTIONS.
[docs]def lock_for_object(obj, locks={}):
"""To be used to gain exclusive access to a shared object from different
threads."""
return locks.setdefault(id(obj), RLock())
[docs]def lock(self):
"""To be used to gain exclusive access to a block of code from different
threads."""
return RLock()
[docs]def synchronized(call):
"""To be used to synchronize a method called on the same object from
different threads."""
assert call.__code__.co_varnames[0] in ['self', 'cls']
@wraps(call)
def inner(*args, **kwds):
with lock_for_object(args[0]):
return call(*args, **kwds)
return inner
[docs]def synchronized_with_attr(lock_name):
"""To be used to synchronize a method called on the same object from
different threads."""
def decorator(method):
def synced_method(self, *args, **kws):
lock = getattr(self, lock_name)
with lock:
return method(self, *args, **kws)
return synced_method
return decorator
[docs]def get_class(class_name):
"""Get a class from the class name throuth the 'reflection' property."""
parts = class_name.split('.')
module = ".".join(parts[:-1])
m = __import__( module )
for comp in parts[1:]:
m = getattr(m, comp)
return m


Geoffrey Emerson
Full Stack JavaScript Web Developer
Projects
Reddit Gallery
Firefox Extension
JavaScript, HTML, CSS
A Firefox Web Browser Extension that transforms "old" reddit into a compact image gallery.
Addon Page: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/reddit-gallery/
No Spoilers!
Node.js, Serverless Framework, AWS, DynamoDB
JWT, Mocha, Chai
(In development) Research characters and plots of your favorite books and tv shows without worrying about spoilers! This website only shows info about you want, so you won't have future events ruined by accident.
Link: https://no-spoilers.net
Github Repo: https://github.com/No-Spoilers
About
Geoffrey Emerson is a full stack web developer currently residing in Portland, Oregon. He started programming for fun at a very young age, and in 2015 decided to make the switch from hobbyist to professional. Geoff is currently focusing on Node.js backend services, but he also dabbles in React frontends.
Over the years he has also studied Basic, Pascal, C, C++, C#, Objective-C, PHP, and Ruby on Rails. While he took many programming classes over the years, his Bachelor's Degree is in Theatre Arts with an emphasis on Acting and Musical Theatre.
Geoffrey Emerson's LinkedIn


Consider problems where the input to the model is a set. In such problems (referred to as the set-input problems), the model should be invariant to the permutation of the data points.
In “set pooling” methods (1, 2), each data point (in the input set) is encoded using a feed-forward network and the resulting set of encoded representations are pooled using the “sum” operator.
This approach can be shown to be bot permutation-invariant and a universal function approximator.
The paper proposes an attention-based network module, called as the Set Transformer, which can model the interactions between the elements of an input set while being permutation invariant.
An attention function Attn(Q, K, V) = (QKT)V is used to map queries Q to output using key-value pairs K, V.
In case of multi-head attention, the key, query, and value are projected into h different vectors and attention is applied on all these vectors. The output is a linear transformation of the concatenation of all the vectors.
3 modules are introduced: MAB, SAB and ISAB.
Multihead Attention Block (MAB) is a module very similar to to the encoder in the Transformer, without the positional encoding and dropout.
Set Attention Block (SAB) is a module that takes as input a set and performs self-attention between the elements of the set to produce another set of the same size ie SAB(X) = MAB(X, X).
The time complexity of the SAB operation is O(n2) where n is the number of elements in the set. It can be reduced to O(m*n) by using Induced Set Attention Blocks (ISAB) with m induced point vectors (denoted as I).
ISABm = MAB(X, MAB(I, X)).
ISAB can be seen as performing a low-rank projection of inputs.
These modules can be used to model the interactions between data points in any given set.
Aggregation is performed by applying multi-head attention on a set of k seed vectors.
The interaction between the k outputs (from PMA) can be modeled by applying another SAB.
Thus the entire network is a stack of SABs and ISABs. Both the modules are permutation invariant and so is any network obtained by stacking them.
Datasets include:
Generally, increasing m (the number of inducing datapoints) improve performance, to some extent. This is somewhat expected.
The paper considers various ablations of the proposed approach (like disabling attention in the encoder or pooling layer) and shows that attention mechanism is needed during both the stages.
The work has two main benefits over prior work:
Reducing the O(n2) complexity to O(m*n) complexity.
Using self-attention mechanism for both encodings the inputs and for aggregating the encoded representations.


#!python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-#
"""
:Title: Polynomial Regresssion with Ridge Regression.
@author: Bhishan Poudel
@date: Sep 22, 2017
@email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>The cost function for the Ridge Regression is given by
.. math::
J(w) = \\frac{1}{2N} \sum_{n=1}^N (h(x_n,w) - t_n)^2 + \
\\frac{\lambda}{2} ||w||^2
Here, the first term is the half mean of the SSE.
And the second term is the shrinkage penalty.
The parameter :math:`\\lambda` is called shrinkage hyperparamter.
Since it is the hyperparamter we chose it from the validation set,
not from the train set.
The term :math:`||w||^2` is the L-2 regularizaton on the SSE term.
The square form is called Ridge Regression and the modulus form
:math:`|w|` is called Lasso Regresssion.
If we have both Lasso and Ridge regression it is called Elastic
Net Regression. Elastic Net Regression have the parameters:
:math:`\\lambda_1 ||w|| + \\lambda_2 ||w||^2`
If a group of predictors are highly correlated among themselves, LASSO
tends to pick only one of them and shrink the other to exact zero (or, very near to zero). Lasso can not do grouped selection and tends to choose only one variable.
It is good for eliminating trivial features but not good for grouped selection.
Lasso gives the sparse model and is computationally less expensive.
On the other hand, Ridge Regression penalize the term on the squares of the
magnitude. The weight are drawn near to zero but not exactly zero. This method
is computationally inefficient.
"""
# Imports
import argparse
import sys
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from numpy.linalg import inv, norm
from numpy import sum, sqrt, array, log, exp
from numpy.core.umath_tests import inner1d
# from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error
# Read data matrix X and labels t from text file.
[docs]def read_data(infile):
data = np.genfromtxt(infile, delimiter=None, dtype=np.double)
X = data[:, :-1 ]
t = data[:, [-1] ]
#debug
# print("X.shape = {}".format(X.shape))
# print("t.shape = {}".format(t.shape))
return X, t
[docs]def read_data_vander(infile, M):
"""Read the dataset and return vandermonde matrix Xvan for given degree M.
This function returns vandermonde matrix of 1d array X.
The vandermonde matrix will be of size len(X) * M.
But here final Xvan will have shape sample * (degree+1)
The first column of vandermonde matrix is all 1.
The last column will be M-1 nth power of second column, NOT Mth power.
The target t is of the size len(X)*1 i.e. N * 1 (N is sample size)
Args:
infile (str): input dataset text file, whitespace separated
M (int): Degree of polynomial to fit
.. note::
Numpy vander function (Vandermonde Matrix).
Refer `Numpy vander <https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.vander.html>`_.
Example::
x = np.arange(1,6) # x must be 1d array
x = np.array([1,2,3,4,5])
xvan3 = np.vander(x, N=3,increasing=True)
# shape of xvn is len(x) * degree
# first column is all 1 and last power is excluded
[[ 1 1 1]
[ 1 2 4]
[ 1 3 9]
[ 1 4 16]
[ 1 5 25]]
.. note::
Numpy array slicing::
data = np.arange(20).reshape((5,4))
col0 = data[:, [0] ]
col0_1 = data[:, [0,1]]
col0_1a = data[:, :2]
not_col0 = data[:, 1:]
not_last = data[:, :-1]
"""
data = np.genfromtxt(infile, delimiter=None, dtype=np.double)
X = data[:, :-1] # Design matrix X without t values of last column
# Make the Vandermonde matrix from X
# To use vandermonde X must be 1d array.
# X[:, 0] is first column of input data X.
Xvan = np.vander(X[:, 0], M + 1, increasing =True)
t = data[:, [-1]]
# debug
# print("X.shape = ", X.shape) # sample, 1
# print("Xvan.shape = ", Xvan.shape) # sample, degree+1
# print("t.shape = ", t.shape) # sample, 1
return Xvan, t
[docs]def train(X, t):
"""Train the data and return the weights w.
This model uses OLS method to train the data without the penalty term.
.. math::
J(w) = \\frac{1}{2N} \sum_{n=1}^N (h(x_n,w) - t_n)^2
Args:
X (array): Design matrix of size (m+1, n). I.e. There are
m features and one bias column in the matrix X.
t (column): target column vector
.. note::
Here the design matrix X should have one extra bias term.
.. warning::
The operator @ requires python >= 3.5
.. note::
Matrix properties.
`Wikipedia <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_multiplication>`_.
.. math::
AB \\neq BA \\\\
(AB)^T = B^T A^T \\\\
(AB)^{-1} = B^{-1} A^{-1} \\\\
tr(AB) = tr(BA) \\\\
det(AB) = det(A) det(B) = det(B) det(A) = det(BA)
"""
# w = np.linalg.inv(X.T.dot(X)).dot(X.T).dot(t)
[docs] w = (inv(X.T @ X)) @ (X.T @ t)
# debug
# print("X.shape = {}".format(X.shape))
# print("t.shape = {}".format(t.shape))
return w
def train_regularized(Xm1, t, lam, M):
"""Ridge Regularization (L2 normalization) with square penalty term.
The cost function for ridge regularization is
.. math::
J(w) = \\frac{1}{2N} \sum_{n=1}^N (h(x_n,w) - t_n)^2 + \\frac{\lambda}{2} ||w||^2
Minimizing cost function gives the weight vector w.
Here :math:`\\lambda` is the hyperparameter chosen from validation set
with lowest rmse for given values of degrees of polynomial. Different may
give the same minimum rmse and we choose one of them.
.. math::
w = (\lambda N I) (X^T t)
Args:
Xm1 (array): Design matrix of size (m+1, n). I.e. There are
m features and one bias column in the matrix X.
t (column): Target column vector. :math:`\\alpha no space before last`
lam (float): The hyperparameter :math:`\\alpha > \\beta` for the regularization.
M (int): Degree of the polynomial to fit.
.. note::
Here the design matrix X should have one extra bias term.
The function read_data_vander returns X with one extra
.. warning::
The operator @ requires python >= 3.5
"""
# debug
# Example M = 9, Xm1 has shape 10,10 and t has shape 10,1
# print("Xm1.shape = {}".format(Xm1.shape))
# print("t.shape = {}".format(t.shape))
# First get the identity matrix of size deg+1 by deg+1
N = len(t)
I = np.eye(M + 1)
# weight for ridge regression
[docs] w_ridge = inv(lam * N * I + Xm1.T @ Xm1 ) @ (Xm1.T @ t)
return w_ridge
# Compute RMSE on dataset (X, t).
def compute_rmse(X, t, w):
"""Compute the RMSE.
RMSE is the root mean square error.
.. math:: RMSE = \sqrt{\sum_{i=1}^{n} \\frac{(h_i - t_i)^2}{n} }
Here the hypothesis h is the matrix product of X and w.
Hypothesis h should have the same dimension as target vector t.
The norm of 1d vector can be calculated as given in `Wikipedia Norm <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norm_(mathematics)>`_.
:math:`||x|| = \sqrt{x_1^2 + x_2^2 + ... + x_n^2}`
There are several methods to calculate hypothesis and norms.
`Refer to stackoverflow <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9171158/how-do-you-get-the-magnitude-of-a-vector-in-numpy>`_.
Python codes to calculate norm of a 1d vector::
import numpy as np
from numpy.core.umath_tests import inner1d
V = np.random.random_sample((10**6,3,)) # 1 million vectors
A = np.sqrt(np.einsum('...i,...i', V, V))
B = np.linalg.norm(V,axis=1)
C = np.sqrt((V ** 2).sum(-1))
D = np.sqrt((V*V).sum(axis=1))
E = np.sqrt(inner1d(V,V))
print [np.allclose(E,x) for x in [A,B,C,D]] # [True, True, True, True]
import cProfile
cProfile.run("np.sqrt(np.einsum('...i,...i', V, V))") # 3 function calls in 0.013 seconds
cProfile.run('np.linalg.norm(V,axis=1)') # 9 function calls in 0.029 seconds
cProfile.run('np.sqrt((V ** 2).sum(-1))') # 5 function calls in 0.028 seconds
cProfile.run('np.sqrt((V*V).sum(axis=1))') # 5 function calls in 0.027 seconds
cProfile.run('np.sqrt(inner1d(V,V))') # 2 function calls in 0.009 seconds.
# np.eisensum can also be written as
# np.sqrt(np.einsum('ij,ij->i',a,a))
# NOTE:
# inner1d is ~3x faster than linalg.norm and a hair faster than einsum
# For small data set ~1000 or less numpy is faster
# a_norm = np.sqrt(a.dot(a)) is faster than np.sqrt(np.einsum('i,i', a, a))
We can calculate hypothesis as:
:math:`h = X @ w`
Or, we may use:
:math:`h = X .dot(w)`
One of the fastest methods to calculate the hypothesis is the
np.einsum method. The explanation of `einsum` is given below:
For example::
w X t
2,1 10,2 10,1
i,j k, i k,j
h = np.einsum('ij,ki->kj', w, X) = X @ w
To find the norm of the residual matrix h-t we may use
the code::
# Using np.linalg.norm
ht_norm = np.linalg.norm(h - t)
# inner1d is the faster than np.linalg.norm subroutine.
from numpy.core.umath_tests import inner1d
ht_norm = np.sqrt(inner1d(h-t,h-t))
To calculate RMSE we can also use sklearn library::
from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error
rmse = mean_squared_error(h, t)**0.5
"""
# # print("w.shape = {}, X.shape = {} t.shape = {}".format(w.shape,X.shape,t.shape))
# h = X.dot(w)
# h = X @ w
h = np.einsum('ij,ki->kj', w, X)
sse = (h - t) ** 2
mse = np.mean(sse)
rmse = np.sqrt(mse)
# Method from sklearn
# rmse = mean_squared_error(X@w, t)**0.5 # 7.10437e-04
return np.double(rmse)
[docs]def myplot(X, t,label,style):
# matplotlib customization
plt.style.use('ggplot')
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
# plot with label, title
ax.plot(X,t,style,label=label)
# set xlabel and ylabel to AxisObject
ax.set_xlabel('x')
ax.set_ylabel('t')
ax.set_title('Polynomial ' + label + ' data')
ax.legend()
ax.grid(True)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.savefig('images/hw01qn3_'+ label+'.png')
plt.show()
plt.close()
[docs]def plot_alldata():
labels = ['dataset','devel','train','test']
styles = ['ro','g^','bo','k>']
for i, label in enumerate(labels):
X, t = read_data('../data/polyfit/{}.txt'.format(label))
myplot(X,t,label,styles[i])
[docs]def fit_unreg_poly(fh_train,fh_test,fh_valid,M):
"""Unregularized polynomial regression for degree 0 to 9.
Here, the degree of the polynomial varies from 0-9.
Args:
fh_train (str): File path for train data
fh_test (str): File path for test data
fh_valid (str): File path for validation data
Return: None
"""
# Get Vandermonde matrix X and target t
# First column is all 1 and shape of X is sample * deg+1
# M = 9 X has 10 columns, with first column all ones.
Xtrain, ttrain = read_data_vander(fh_train,M)
Xtest, ttest = read_data_vander(fh_test, M)
Xvalid, tvalid = read_data_vander(fh_valid,M)
# Look how they are
# print("Xtrain = {}".format(Xtrain))
# print("Xtrain.shape = {}".format(Xtrain.shape))
# print("Xtrain[0] = {}".format(Xtrain[0]))
# Values of degree of polynomials
Mvals = np.arange(10)
E_train, E_test = [], []
for m in Mvals:
# X values to use
# XXX: Here inside for loop Xtrainm1 can not be written Xtrain
# :, means all rows
# 0:m+1 means columns 0 to m
#
# for loop m = 0 ... 9 we choose vandermonde matrix from above vander
# matrix of degree 9.
# Xtrain and Xtest both have 10 columns above for loop.
Xtrainm1 = Xtrain[:, 0:m+1]
Xtestm1 = Xtest[:, 0:m+1]
# get weight w = (inv(X.T @ X)) @ (X.T @ t)
# w is a column vector of shape m+1, 1 (e.g. 10,1 for m=9 )
w = train(Xtrainm1, ttrain)
# get rmse = mean_squared_error(X@w, t)**0.5
# NOTE: h= X @ w
# E = RMSE is scalar float number
E1 = compute_rmse(Xtrainm1, ttrain, w)
E2 = compute_rmse(Xtestm1, ttrain, w)
# Append values to rmse list
E_train = np.append(E_train, E1)
E_test = np.append(E_test, E2)
# debug
# print("\n")
# print("#"*50)
# print("degree = {}".format(m))
# print("w.shape = {}".format(w.shape))
# print("ttrain.shape = ", ttrain.shape)
# print('Train RMSE = {:.5e}'.format(E1))
# Elegant way of computing rmse for train and test
# compute_rmse(X,t,w)
# E_train = [compute_rmse( Xtrain[:, 0:m+1], ttrain, train(
# Xtrain[:, 0:m+1], ttrain))
# for m in Mvals]
#
# E_test = [compute_rmse(Xtest[:, 0:m+1], ttrain, train(
# Xtrain[:, 0:m+1], ttrain))
# for m in Mvals]
# Plot unregularized polynomial regression
plt.plot(Mvals, E_train, 'r-', label = "train")
plt.plot(Mvals, E_test , 'b--' , label = "test" )
plt.xlabel("degree (M)")
plt.ylabel("$E_{rms}$")
plt.title("Unregularized Univariate Polynomial Regression")
plt.legend()
plt.savefig("images/unreg_poly_reg.png")
plt.show()
plt.close()
[docs]def fit_reg_poly(fh_train,fh_test,fh_valid):
"""Regularized polynomial with fixed degree M = 9.
Here, ln lambda varies from -50 to 0 with step size 5.
I.e. lamdda varies from exp(-50) to 1.
We have to calculate weight vector w for each lambda.
For degree M = 9, weight vector w has 10 elements.
We also find RMSE for train and validation set for each lambda.
Then we choose the hyperparameter lambda that gives the lowest
RMSE on the validation set.
Args:
fh_train (str): File path for train data
fh_test (str): File path for test data
fh_valid (str): File path for validation data
Return:
lam_min_rmse_valid (float): The value of hyper parameter lambda
that minimizes RMSE for the validation set.
"""
# Degree of polynomial
M = 9
# Values of shrinkage hyperparameter lambda
log_lambda_ridge = np.arange(-50, 0+5, 5)
lambda_ridge = np.exp(log_lambda_ridge)
# X,t for train,test and validation
# vander gives bias term itself
# Here, X matrix has M+1 columns. First column is all ones.
Xtrain, ttrain = read_data_vander(fh_train,M)
Xtest, ttest = read_data_vander(fh_test, M)
Xvalid, tvalid = read_data_vander(fh_valid,M)
# Initiliaze rmse_train and rmse_validation
E_train_ridge = []
E_valid_ridge = []
for lam in lambda_ridge:
# print("lam = {:.2e} log(lam) = {:.0f}".format(lam, np.log(lam)))
# get w from training (note that we get lambda from validation)
# w_ridge = inv(lam * N * I + Xm1.T @ Xm1 ) @ (Xm1.T @ t)
w_ridge = train_regularized(Xtrain,ttrain,float(lam), M)
# rmse for train and valid
E1 = compute_rmse(Xtrain, ttrain, w_ridge)
E2 = compute_rmse(Xvalid, tvalid, w_ridge)
# Append rmse to the list
E_train_ridge = np.append(E_train_ridge, E1)
E_valid_ridge = np.append(E_valid_ridge, E2)
print("\n")
print("#"*60)
print("Ridge Regression:")
print("Degree of polynomial M = ", M)
print('log(lam) lam E_train E_valid')
for i, lam in enumerate(lambda_ridge) :
print(' {:.2f} {:.5e} {:.14f} {:.14f} '.format(
np.log(lam), lam, E_train_ridge[i], E_valid_ridge[i] ))
lam_min_rmse_valid_idx = np.where(E_valid_ridge == min(E_valid_ridge))[0]
lam_min_rmse_valid_idx_last = lam_min_rmse_valid_idx[-1]
idx = lam_min_rmse_valid_idx_last
lam_min_rmse_valid = lambda_ridge[idx]
print('-'*60)
print("{} {:.5e} {:.14f}".format(
log(lambda_ridge[idx]), lam_min_rmse_valid, E_valid_ridge[idx]))
# Plot
plt.plot(log_lambda_ridge, E_train_ridge,
color='r', marker='o', ls='-', label = "train")
plt.plot(log_lambda_ridge, E_valid_ridge,
color='b', marker= 'o', ls='--', label = "validation")
plt.xlabel("log $\lambda$")
plt.ylabel("$E_{rms}$")
plt.title("Polynomial Regression Cross Validation")
plt.legend()
plt.savefig("images/reg_poly_reg.png")
plt.show()
plt.close()
# Plot table
fig, ax =plt.subplots()
clust_data = np.array([log_lambda_ridge,lambda_ridge, E_train_ridge, E_valid_ridge]).T
collabel=("log($\lambda$)", "$\lambda$", "$E_{train}$","$E_{valid}$")
ax.axis('tight')
ax.axis('off')
the_table = ax.table(cellText=clust_data,colLabels=collabel,loc='center')
ax.plot(clust_data[:,0],clust_data[:,1])
plt.title('Choosing hyperparameter $\lambda$ ')
plt.savefig('images/table_reg_poly_fitting.png')
plt.show()
plt.close()
return lam_min_rmse_valid
[docs]def comparison(fh_train,fh_test,fh_valid, lam_min_rmse_valid,M):
"""Compare the unregularized and regularized polynomial regression.
Here, we compare test RMSE with and without ridge regularization for
9th degree univariate polynomial regression.
While fitting test data with ridge regression, we use the hyper parameter
lambda that gives the minimum rmse in the cross-validation set.
Args:
fh_train (str): File path for train data
fh_test (str): File path for test data
fh_valid (str): File path for validation data
lam_min_rmse_valid (float): The hyperparameter lambda that gives minimum
rmse on cross validation set.
Return: None
"""
print("\n")
print('#'*50)
print("Comparison of regularized and unregularized cases:")
# print("lam_min_rmse_valid = {}".format(lam_min_rmse_valid))
# Get X and t from dataset
Xtrain, ttrain = read_data_vander(fh_train,M)
Xtest, ttest = read_data_vander(fh_test, M)
Xvalid, tvalid = read_data_vander(fh_valid,M)
# Unregularized
w = train(Xtrain, ttrain)
E_rms_test = compute_rmse(Xtest, ttest, w)
print('Test RMSE without regularization for M = 9: %0.4f.' % E_rms_test)
w_ridge = train_regularized(Xtrain,ttrain, float(lam_min_rmse_valid), M)
E_rms_test = compute_rmse(Xtest, ttest, w_ridge)
print('Test RMSE with regularization for M = 9: %0.4f.' % E_rms_test)
##=======================================================================
## Main Program
##=======================================================================
[docs]def main():
"""Run main function."""
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser('Univariate Exercise.')
parser.add_argument('-i', '--input_data_dir',
type=str,
default='../data/polyfit',
help='Directory for the polyfit dataset.')
FLAGS, unparsed = parser.parse_known_args()
##=======================================================================
## Part 3b: Plotting dataset
##=======================================================================
# Plot dataset
plot_alldata()
##=======================================================================
## Part 3d: Polynomial Univariate Ridge Regularization
##=======================================================================
fh_train = FLAGS.input_data_dir + "/train.txt"
fh_test = FLAGS.input_data_dir + "/test.txt"
fh_valid = FLAGS.input_data_dir + "/devel.txt"
# unregularized
fit_unreg_poly(fh_train,fh_test,fh_valid,M=9)
# regularized
lam_min_rmse_valid = fit_reg_poly(fh_train,fh_test,fh_valid)
# compare them
comparison(fh_train,fh_test,fh_valid, lam_min_rmse_valid,M=9)
if __name__ == "__main__":
import time
# Beginning time
program_begin_time = time.time()
begin_ctime = time.ctime()
# Run the main program
main()
# Print the time taken
program_end_time = time.time()
end_ctime = time.ctime()
seconds = program_end_time - program_begin_time
m, s = divmod(seconds, 60)
h, m = divmod(m, 60)
d, h = divmod(h, 24)
print("\nBegin time: ", begin_ctime)
print("End time: ", end_ctime, "\n")
print("Time taken: {0: .0f} days, {1: .0f} hours, \
{2: .0f} minutes, {3: f} seconds.".format(d, h, m, s))


Week 13 Fantasy Rankings: Defense
by Matt LutovskyLast week once again brought some surprises toward the top of D/ST scoring. Washington, the Jets, Seattle, and Tampa all had big games, while San Francisco also ranked among the best -- not necessarily a surprise because of the team but rather who it was playing against. Either way, this serves as a reminder that D/ST can be a bit unpredictable in any given week, with waiver wire streamers and surprise sleepers capable of big points each game. That's part of what made our Week 13 fantasy defense rankings so difficult to put together. The toughest part, though? Figuring out what to do with the Patriots and 49ers.
Two of fantasy's top defenses all year, San Francisco (@ Ravens) and New England (@ Texans) both have brutal matchups in Week 13. They both proved their worths in tough matchups last week (with New England getting an assist from the weather), so their owners likely aren't seriously considering sitting them this week. But the 49ers, in particular, are a worry, as the Ravens already showed this year they can severely limit a top D/ST's points. When Baltimore played New England in Week 9 -- also in Baltimore -- the Pats managed just one sacks and two fumble recoveries while allowing 31 offensive points.
WEEK 13 NON-PPR RANKINGS:
Quarterback | Running back | Wide receiver | Tight end | Kicker
Fortunately, there are several legit waiver wire options if you don't want to risk it with either of these D/STs. The Eagles (@ Dolphins), Panthers (vs. Redskins), Jets (@ Bengals), and Packers (@ Giants) all figure to be top plays and are under 40-percent owned in Yahoo leagues. The Redskins (@ Panthers), Chargers (@ Broncos), and Broncos (vs. Chargers) are also decent streamers and sub-40-percent owned.
Aside from the 49ers and Pats, the Ravens (vs. 49ers), Seahawks (vs. Vikings), Vikings (@ Seahawks), and Saints (@ Falcons) are all highly owned D/STs in tough spots. The Falcons tend to be really good or really bad, so the Saints can still work on Thursday night, and we've seen Jimmy Garoppolohave turnover issues, so the Ravens are also in play at home. Seattle and Minnesota owners should probably hit the waiver wire in search of streamers, though.
WEEK 13 PPR RANKINGS: Running back | Wide receiver | Tight end
Reminder: These rankings will be adjusted throughout week, so check back often for updates and analysis!
WEEK 13 DFS: Lineup Builder
Week 13 Fantasy Football Rankings: Defense
| Rank | Team |
| 1 | Pittsburgh Steelers vs. Browns. Pittsburgh's defense has put up big numbers virtually every week since Week 1 -- except for Week 11 against Cleveland. The Steelers managed just one sack and no takeaways that Thursday night in Cleveland, but a second crack at a turnover-prone Browns offense -- this time at home -- should result in better stats. Pittsburgh has at least two takeaways in all but two games this year, and it's racked up at least four sacks in four of the past five games. You can also expect a little extra emotion this time around after Week 11's end-of-game brawl. |
| 2 | Philadelphia Eagles @ Dolphins. The Eagles haven't been anything special on defense this year, save for a monster game back in Week 5 against the Jets, but the Dolphins are as fantasy friendly to D/STs as virtually any team. Even with the offense seemingly getting on track lately, Miami has still allowed at least three sacks in every game but one and turned it over multiple times in five of the past seven contests. Philadelphia managed six sacks and two takeaways against an efficient Seattle offense last week, and over the past four games, it hasn't allowed more than 17 offensive points. |
| 3 | Carolina Panthers vs. Redskins. Carolina's pass rush has slowed down a bit since the start of the season, but this is still a defense that can get after the quarterback, as shown by its multiple sacks in every game but one this year. Washington has allowed at least three sacks in each of the past five games (20 total) and turned it over six times in that span while averaging 10.8 offensive points per game. That includes nine sacks and three takeaways in the past two games against the defensely challenged Jets and Lions, both of which the 'Skins faced at home. If nothing else, Carolina has a high floor in this one. |
| 4 | Chicago Bears @ Lions. Chicago has continued to disappoint with sacks and turnovers, total just three QB takedowns and four takeaways the past three games. However, in that span, the Bears have allowed an average of just 14.7 offensive points. In Jeff Driskel's three starts under center, the Lions have allowed 11 sacks and six takeaways while scoring 18.7 offensive points per game. On the shortest turnaround of the season (12:30 p.m. ET kickoff on a Thursday), expect the Bears to do well. |
| 5 | New York Jets @ Bengals. The Jets have really taken advantage of favorable matchups lately, piling up 16 sacks, three takeaways and a defensive touchdown against the Dolphins, Giants and Redskins in Weeks 9-11, then having their best performance of the year in a neutral matchup last week against the Raiders (sack, two takeaways, defensive TD, three points allowed). The Bengals haven't scored more than 17 points in a game since Week 5 and have allowed 18 sacks, 11 takeaways, and three defensive TDs in their past five games. Andy Dalton, who returns to the lineup after three games on the bench, was quarterback for two of those five games, and he also struggled earlier in the season (11 turnovers, 29 sacks in eight games). There's a strong argument for the Jets to be even higher this week. |
| 6 | Green Bay Packers @ Giants. The Giants turn the ball over a lot, but their 15 lost fumbles (at least one in all but two games) feels like more bad luck than anything. At some point those numbers figure to regress, but even if they do, Daniel Jones is still good for some sacks and INTs most weeks. The Packers have disappointed in the takeaway department, but they still get a decent amount of QB pressure. When you put it all together, Green Bay should be another high-floor option this week. |
| 7 | Jacksonville Jaguars vs. Buccaneers. The Jags aren't like most of the teams ahead of them on this list, as their floor isn't nearly as high but they have plenty of upside. Jacksonville has struggled over its past three games (99 points allowed, five sacks), but it's still managed five takeaways. Those matchups weren't particularly fantasy friendly (Texans, Colts, Titans). This week, they get turnover-machine Jameis Winston and the Bucs, who can put up points in a hurry but can give them back just as quickly. Over his past six games, Winston has thrown 15 INTs, and the Bucs as a team have lost six fumbles. Again, this is a high-risk, high-reward play, but you might might not to take that shot if you're gunning for big points this week. |
| 8 | Los Angeles Rams @ Cardinals. Kyler Murray and the Cardinals have been surprisingly careful with the ball this year, but it's started to show cracks lately, turning it over four times in its past two games. The Rams have been getting steady pressure on QBs, racking up 16 sacks in Weeks 8-11 and allowing just 9.5 offensive ppg in that span. There are reasons to think L.A. has a lower ceiling than usual, but it should still have a nice floor in its first meeting against Murray. |
| 9 | New England Patriots @ Texans. The Patriots were tamed by Lamar Jackson in Week 9 and have had just two total takeaways in their past two games against the Eagles and Cowboys. They've still managed to keep the scores low (19 total points) and racked up five sacks against Philadelphia (but zero against Dallas). Houston has had protection issues (seven sacks allowed against Baltimore in Week 10) but has always scored points (23.5 per game) and more often than not has one or fewer turnovers. Given all the factors, the Patriots seem like a relatively decent-floor, low-ceiling play, but we know they always have a high ceiling, so they're very much in play this week. |
| 10 | Baltimore Ravens vs. 49ers. Baltimore has been as hot as any D/ST over the four games leading up to Week 12. In that span, it's scored five defensive TDs and had nine takeaways. The Niners have been solid on offense all season, but Jimmy Garoppolo has been loose with the ball at times, turning it over five times in Weeks 10 and 11 and throwing an INT in all but three games this year. With San Francisco having to travel across the country to play in an early-afternoon game, Baltimore should have a slightly better-than-expected showing. |
| 11 | Cleveland Browns @ Steelers |
| 12 | Washington Redskins @ Panthers |
| 13 | San Francisco 49ers @ Ravens |
| 14 | Los Angeles Chargers @ Broncos |
| 15 | Denver Broncos vs. Chargers |
| 16 | Tampa Bay Buccaneers @ Jaguars |
| 17 | Seattle Seahawks vs. Vikings |
| 18 | Minnesota Vikings @ Seahawks |
| 19 | Detroit Lions vs. Bears |
| 20 | Tennessee Titans @ Colts |
| 21 | Indianapolis Colts vs. Titans |
| 22 | New Orleans Saints @ Falcons |
| 23 | Buffalo Bills @ Cowboys |
| 24 | Dallas Cowboys vs. Bills |
| 25 | Cincinnati Bengals vs. Jets |
| 26 | Kansas City Chiefs vs. Raiders |
| 27 | Houston Texans vs. Patriots |
| 28 | Arizona Cardinals vs. Rams |
| 29 | Atlanta Falcons vs. Saints |
| 30 | Miami Dolphins vs. Eagles |
| 31 | New York Giants vs. Packers |
| 32 | Oakland Raiders @ Chiefs |


Farmin Farzin
I'm a Full-Stack developer working @ Digital Attitude in Milan. I work every day to build great products while I learn new stuff. I've been Network Administrator, Researcher, Consultant, and DevOps Engineer.
Talk: Code your infrastructure with your favorite language!
IaaC is one of the subjects that normally is underrated and developers don't want to spend time on, considering that paradoxically can help them a lot to save the time to configure (re-configure) the services on different env.
So, it'd be great if developers code their infra as like as their apps.


Everything is based on a simple rule: Quality is the best business plan, period.
- Steve Jobs
I am a Conestoga College student in the IT Innovation and Design program. I have skills in webpage creation, front and back end development and graphic design.
I like playing video game, working out and cooking. I'm also good at origami and building computers.
Find Out MoreDevelop web sites using Microsoft Web and Java Web Technologies such as ASP.NET，JavaServer Pages and JavaScript.
Develop, test and debug windows form game, c# Monogame and Unity 3D game.
Using Android Studio, JetBrains WebStorm and MySQL Workbench to create and develop mobile application based on Javascript, jquery and MySQL.
Develop promotional materials for business and consumer applications using Adobe Photoshop, Microsoft Paint, Justinmind and Balsamiq Mockups 3.
Feel free to communicate with me by call or email.


Pass variables from outer Snippet to inner Snippet
name:
name
age:
age
currenttime:
currenttime
dummy list


You are the captain of a spacecraft returning home after a routine trade mission in the Xylaar system. You have just finished gathering supplies, i.e., food, fuel, and funds for the journey ahead.
Shortly after leaving the trade center, your on-board AI is updated with new route intel. It is up to you to determine the best method to return home safely.
Start Game


Who: Somanchi Harshini Vysali is a student currently pursuing her graduate degree in lifestyle accessory and product design department from NIFT, India (National Institute of Fashion Technology). She is very passionate about what she does and is very active in learning new things.
What: Most of her design work is product based and experimentation is her forte. Few of the several things that intrigue her are bold forms, lines, triangles and simple colors. She strongly believes in eco-friendly products.
Why: The interest and inspiration in design has been developed for Vysali as a child watching her father, who himself is an interior designer. She grew up seeing his work and admiring the kind of work he does, this led her to pursue education in product designing and home decor.
What Else: She is not all about design, she loves reading books and has been learning Carnatic vocal music since she was an eight year old. Lately besides modeling for some commercials, she has also discovered that she has talent in drama when she acted in a few 'web-series' as a protagonist.


   Get top quality coffee
Best yet coffee
Best yet coffee
Best yet coffee
Best yet coffee


WITNESS LIST Jurisprudence Committee May 18, 2005 - 1:30P HB 201 FOR: Stansbury, Tom Senior District Judge (Texas Family Law Foundation), Stafford, TX Registering, but not testifying: Against: Getting, Roy (Texas Fathers Alliance), Irving, TX HB 401 FOR: Everitt, Patti Executive Director (Children's Defense Fund), Austin, TX ON: Sampson, John J. Professor of Law (Myself), Austin, TX Registering, but not testifying: For: Baylor, Don Policy Analyst (Center for Public Policy Priorities), Austin, TX Getting, Roy (Texas Fathers Alliance), Irving, TX Sabo, Jason Vice President for Public Policy (United Ways of Texas), Austin, TX HB 934 Registering, but not testifying: On: Henderson, Mary Deputy Chief, Consumer Protection Division, OAG (Attorney General of Texas Greg Abbott), Austin, TX Karisch, Glenn Estate Planning and Probate Attorney (Texas Academy of Probate Lawyers), Austin, TX HB 1181 Registering, but not testifying: For: Burke, Cecelia Director, Travis County Domestic Relations Office (Texas Assn. of Domestic Relations Offices), Austin, TX Getting, Roy (Texas Fathers Alliance), Irving, TX Naranjo, Judge Orlinda Judge (Self), Austin, TX Tindoll, Harry (Self), Houston, TX HB 1186 Registering, but not testifying: For: Karisch, Glenn Estate Planning and Probate Attorney (Real Estate, Probate and Trust Law Section of the State Bar of Texas), Austin, TX Wolff, Jr., Harry W. Estate Planning & Probate Attorney (Real Estate Probated & Trust Law Section, State Bar of TX), San Antonio, TX HB 1934 FOR: Cobos, David M. Justice of the Peace, Midland Co.- Chair JPCA Legis Comm. (Justices of the Peace & Constables Assoc. of TX.), Midland, TX Registering, but not testifying: For: Campos, Jr., Constable Charlie Legislative Chairman (South Texas Justices of the Peace and Constables Assoc. and Bexar County Constables Assoc.), San Antonio, TX Hickman, Ron Constable (Constables Legislative Committee), Spring, TX HB 1965 FOR: Clarke, Patrick E. Legal Assistant (Self), San Antonio, TX Karam, Ernest Attorney at Law (Self), San Antonio, TX AGAINST: Getting, Roy (Texas Fathers Alliance), Irving, TX Tindall, Harry (Self), Houston, TX ON: Sampson, John J. Professor (Myself), Austin, TX Stansbury, Tom Senior District Judge (Texas Family Law Foundation), Stafford, TX Registering, but not testifying: Against: Burke, Cecelia Director, Travis County Domestic Relations Office (Self), Austin, TX HB 1997 Registering, but not testifying: On: Wright, Jim Justice, 11th Court of Appeals (Self), Eastland, TX HB 2120 FOR: Lee, Donald Executive Director (Texas Conference of Urban Counties), Austin, TX Registering, but not testifying: For: Mendez, Mark Assistant County Administrator (Tarrant County), Ft. Worth, TX HB 2569 Registering, but not testifying: For: Sylvia, Jimmy County Judge (Chambers County), Anahuac, TX HB 3434 Registering, but not testifying: On: Karisch, Glenn Estate Planning and Probate Attorney (Texas Academy of Probate Lawyers), Austin, TX Providing written testimony: For: Alpert, Roman (Self), Houston, TX HB 3485 FOR: Villalobos, Armando R. County & District Attorney of Cameron County (Cameron County), Brownsville, TX Registering, but not testifying: For: de Lafuente, Veronica Admin. Asst. for Intergovernmental Affairs (Office of the Cameron County Judge - Gilberto Hinojosa), Brownsville, TX HB 3519 FOR: Naranjo, Judge Orlinda Judge (Administrative Judge handle Appts of VJ per JPs), Austin, TX Registering, but not testifying: For: Cobos, David M. Justice of the Peace (Justices of the Peace & Constables Assoc. of TX.), Midland, TX HB 3541 Registering, but not testifying: On: Michel, Randy Judge, County Court at Law #1, Brazos Co. (Judiciary of Brazos Co.), Bryan, TX Smith, Steve Judge - 361st District Court (Brazos County Judiciary), Bryan, TX HCR 88 Registering, but not testifying: For: Welch, Matt Legislative Affairs Director (Texans For Lawsuit Reform), Austin, TX


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block title %}Delete Book{% endblock %} {% block head %} {% endblock %} {% block content %}
Really delete `{{ book.title }}` book?


Bringing order to the universe, one linen closet at a time. 1/25/2010, 12:28:45 AM Favs: 0 Retweets: 0 link


Check guardrails report
- ❌ Root MFA is not enabled
- ✅ Root MFA has no programmatic keys
- ✅ All user accounts use MFA (taking into account 2 breakglass accounts)
- ❌ 3 user(s) have admin policies attached (2 expected)
- ✅ Lambda export function found
- ✅ Password must be 15 characters or longer
- ✅ GuardDuty found with master account enabled
- ❌ EC2 instances found outside ca-central-1
- ✅ No unexpected S3 bucket found without encryption
- ❌ RDS instance found without encryption
- ❌ Security group with port 80 found


Hello, your Galaxy Docker container is running!To customize this page you can create awelcome.html page in your directory mounted to /export .
Configuring Galaxy » Installing Tools » Guided Tour » |
|
Galaxy is an open platform for supporting data intensive research. Galaxy is developed by The Galaxy Team with the support of many contributors. The Galaxy Docker project is supported by the University of Freiburg, part of de.NBI.


| PostgreSQL 9.6.15 Documentation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Prev | Up | Chapter 50. System Catalogs | Next |
The catalog pg_am stores information about relation access methods. There is one row for each access method supported by the system. Currently, only indexes have access methods. The requirements for index access methods are discussed in detail in Chapter 59.
Table 50-3. pg_am Columns
| Name | Type | References | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| oid | oid | Row identifier (hidden attribute; must be explicitly selected) | |
| amname | name | Name of the access method | |
| amhandler | regproc | pg_proc.oid | OID of a handler function that is responsible for supplying information about the access method |
| amtype | char | Currently always i to indicate an index access method; other values may be allowed in future |
Note: Before PostgreSQL 9.6, pg_am contained many additional columns representing properties of index access methods. That data is now only directly visible at the C code level. However,
pg_index_column_has_property()
and related functions have been added to allow SQL queries to inspect index access method properties; see Table 9-62.


🎉🍾
Steemversary
We Reward active users on their Steem anniversary
User Feed
Bot Feed
Delegate SP to Bot
Bot activity
------ WHEN ------- WHAT --------- WHO ----------- WHERE
Delegate to Steemversary
Select an ammount below then connect with steamconnect to delegate
100SP
500SP
1000SP
Delegate Via Steemconnect


When ">>> Blacklist <<<" is active, Stop Procrastion will block exactly the websites that you've specified here as your personal blacklist. Blacklisting can be activated and deactivated from the main popup menu. When adding a url below, use the format "second-level-domain-name.first-level-domain-name" and use all lowercase; for example use "youtube.com", not "https://www.youtube.com" and also not "YouTube.com".


A demo of the semidirect product of CRDTs for manipulating shapes. To the extent possible, group operations affect not just the shapes, but also concurrent operations on those shapes. E.g., if you rotate the group, while concurrently, someone else translates (drags) one shape, then the result will be as if the whole group was rotated after the translation - thus the shapes maintain their relative positions.
Author: Ria Pradeep.


Oops ... your browser doesn't support the HTML5 canvas element
Increase Subdivisions
Decrease Subdivisions
Ambient Constant 0
1
Diffuse Constant 0
1
Specular Constant 0
1
Specular Shininess 0
80
Light 0
1


Using case studies and examples of powerful learning at all grade levels and in all disciplines, Learning Lasts is a guide to creating classrooms that promote deeper understanding, higher order thinking, and student independence. Through text and companion videos, readers will enter inspiring classrooms where students go beyond basics to become innovators, collaborators, and creators. Learning That Lasts is a guide for teachers who wish to make learning more meaningful, memorable, and connected to life, and inspire students to do more than they think possible.


close-circle
{{ imageSelected?.title }}
{{ imageSelected?.description}}
1 && hasImagesOnRight()" (click)="previous($event)" [lib]="'ion'"
[style]="'ios'">arrow-dropleft-circle
1 && hasImagesOnLeft()" (click)="next($event)" [lib]="'ion'"
[style]="'ios'">arrow-dropright-circle


  REQUIREMENT
MISS CEREMONY
DISCUSS WITH FAMILY
APPLY & PAY FEE
REASONS
To have the assurance I can remain in Canada permanently
So that my children are Canadian Citizens
To obtain a Canadian passport
To sponsor my family members
To vote
To work in certain jobs
To travel for unlimited timeframes
To run for office
BECOME CANADIAN CITIZEN
EMAIL IRCC WITH REASON & UNAVAILABILITIES
RECEIVE CITIZENSHIP CERTIFICATE
TRIGGER
START
2. CITIZENSHIP TEST
COMPLETION
3.OATH SWEARING
1. SUBMIT APPLICATION
Journey Map
USER: Canadian Resident
GOAL: Obtain citizenship status
EMAIL IRCC WITH REASON & UNAVAILABILITIES


Elko Server Configuration Property Reference
Introduction
In the descriptions of the properties and their values below, Courier
font like this
denotes literal entities and italics like
this
denotes meta-symbols.
There are three data types used for property values. Each has been assigned
a three letter abbreviation:
| str |
A string |
| int |
An integer numeric value |
| flg |
A boolean flag; may take the values true
or false . |
| --- |
Used in descriptions of "families" of properties |
The underlying property mechanism can also handle floating point values but
this feature is not currently used by any of the servers.
The Properties
Meta symbols
N |
A small integer or the empty string, used in the construction of property names
for describing network listeners or remote hosts to connect to. The integer is
suffixed to the property root name and treated as if it were an array index or
subscript.
|
HostSpec |
A family of properties that describe a host to be connected to for some
purpose. The names given here are suffixed to a root name to form the actual
property name to be set. The root name determines what the host information
will be used for.
| str |
.host |
Host name or dotted-quad IP address, optionally followed by a
: and the port number. If the port number is unspecified, a
default port may be used, but what the default is depends on the context.
|
| str |
.protocol |
Specifies the protocol to be used for connecting to the
host. Currently valid values are "tcp" (the default)
or "http" .
|
| --- |
AuthSpec |
The authorization parameters required to connect to this host.
|
| int |
.retry |
Certain kinds of host connections (such as connections to a
broker) will be repeatedly retried if the initial connection attempt
fails. This property sets the retry interval (i.e., how long to wait before
trying again). The default is 15 seconds.
|
|
AuthSpec |
A family of properties that describe the authorization parameters necessary to
connect to a host, either from the perspective of the host itself (i.e., what
it is looking for in a connection authorization attempt) or from the
perspective of a client (i.e., what the host wants to be given).
| str |
.auth.mode |
Authorization mode to use. Valid values vary depending on the
type of server this is: for most servers, acceptable values
are "open" (meaning no authorization required)
or "password" (meaning that a password is required); for the
Context Server, valid values are "open"
or "reservation" (meaning that reservations are required for user
entry). In all cases "open" is the default.
|
| str |
.auth.code |
Authorization information as required by whatever setting was
given for the .auth.mode property. Currently, the only
authorization mode that uses this property is "password" , in which
case this property contains the password.
|
| str |
.auth.id |
Authorization ID to use. What value goes here depends on the
authorization mode being used, though typically this value is dynamic rather
than being configured via properties.
|
|
LocalObjStoreSpec |
A family of properties that configure a local object
store. This is the local implementation of the Elko object database
interface that is used by Repositories and by repository clients (right now the
Context Server and Gatekeeper) that aren't using a remote Repository.
| str |
.objstore |
Fully qualified class name of the Java class implementing the
org.elkoserver.objectdatabase.store.ObjectStore interface. The remaining
repository properties depend on what implementation class is selected.
|
when root.objstore
is "org.elkoserver.objectdatabase.store.filestore.FileObjectStore" :
| str |
.odjdb |
Pathname, relative to the server's current working directory,
of the directory containing the files holding the database objects (in simpler
terms, the "object database directory").
|
|
ReposSpec |
A family of properties that configure access to repository
services, either via a local object database or by connecting to a remote
Repository.
for all repositories:
| str |
.classdesc |
Optional list of object ID strings for class descriptor objects
that should be loaded when the repository is opened (these are in addition to
the default class descriptor object named "classes" , which is
always loaded regardless of the setting of this property). Multiple IDs may be
separated by : .
|
for local repositories only:
| --- |
LocalObjStoreSpec |
Configuration of local object store, in the case where a
Repository is not being used.
|
for remote repositories only:
| --- |
.repository.HostSpec |
Host info indicating what Repository to connect to. These
properties should be set if you are configuring the Repository connection
manually (i.e., without using a Broker).
|
| str |
.repository.service |
Label of repository to ask the Broker for. This will be concatenated to
the string "rep/rep/" to form the full service name that will be
sought from the Broker (i.e., if you set this property to "foo" ,
the Broker will be asked for the service "rep/rep/foo" ).
Alternatively, the value "any" will cause the requested service
name to be "rep/rep" , which will seek any Repository known to the
Broker.
|
|
General properties (used in all or most servers)
| int |
conf.comm.httptimeout |
Timeout, in seconds, for HTTP connections that are still
waiting for a message from the user's browser to keep the session alive.
|
| int |
conf.comm.httptimeout.debug |
Alternate value for above when a user logs in in debug mode.
|
| int |
conf.comm.httpselectwait |
Timeout, in seconds, to wait on open HTTP message select before
replying with a keep-alive message.
|
| int |
conf.comm.httpselectwait.debug |
Alternate value for above when a user logs in in debug mode.
|
| int |
conf.load.time |
Sampling interval, in seconds, for measuring server load. The
default is 300 (i.e., 5 minutes).
|
| flg |
conf.load.log |
If true (defaults to false ), directs
server to write load reports to the server log. This is in addition to
reporting the load to the Broker and/or Directors.
|
| flg |
conf.msgdiagnostics |
If true , any message handler methods that return
an error result will cause a diagnostic message to be sent to the client who
sent the offending message. If false (the default), such errors
will not be reported to the client (though they will be reported in the server
log).
|
| str |
conf.ServerType.service |
Label for services offered by this server, to distinguish it
from other servers of the same type. This will be concatenated to the service
names that this server will be registering with the Broker (which vary
depending on what type of server this server is). Default is the empty string,
i.e., no label.
Note: these are the service names used by the current family of servers:
broker/admin |
Broker administrative port |
broker/client |
Broker client port (to request service info about other servers
or to register your own service info for others to see) |
context/user |
Context Server user port (for client connections) |
director/admin |
Director administrative port |
director/provider |
Director provider port (for providers being managed) |
director/user |
Director user port (for requesting reservations) |
gatekeeper/admin |
Gatekeeper administrative port |
gatekeeper/user |
Gatekeeper user port (to request reservations) |
rep/admin |
Repository administrative port |
rep/rep |
Repository object database services port |
|
| str |
conf.ServerType.name |
Name for this server, to be used in log reports by Broker and
Directors.
where ServerType varies depending on what type of server
you are setting the above two properties for:
broker | Broker |
context | Context Server |
director | Director |
gatekeeper | Gatekeeper |
repository | Repository |
|
| --- |
conf.broker.HostSpec |
Host info indicating what Broker to connect to. If not
specified, no Broker will be used.
|
| --- |
conf.listenN.ListenSpec |
Info configuring the N th listener port for
this server. N should follow a strict sequence, starting
with the null string and the incrementing from 1 (with no gaps) for each
successive listener configured. Where:
ListenSpec |
A family of properties that configure a listener port.
| str |
.host |
Host name and optional colon-separated port number that the
server should listen for connections on. If no port number is specified, an
arbitrary, operating system assigned port will be used.
|
| str |
.bind |
Host name and optional colon-separated port number to actually
bind the listener to, if this is different from the .host property
(necessary sometimes due to firewalls and NAT).
|
| str |
.protocol |
Protocol to expect connecting clients to use. Valid values are
"tcp" (the default) or "http" .
|
| --- |
AuthSpec |
Optional authorization information to require connecting
clients to use.
|
| str |
.allow |
A comma-separated list of the kinds of connections that are
allowed on this port. Valid values depend on what sort of server this is:
Broker: "client" or "admin"
Gatekeeper: "user" or "admin"
Repository: "rep" or "admin"
Director: "user" , "provider" or "admin"
In all cases, the value "any" is also valid and indicates that any
sort of connection is allowed. The default is that no types of connections are
allowed, which is almost certainly not what you want. Also,
these .allow settings do not pertain to the Context Server, which
only accepts one sort of connection.
|
| flg |
.secure |
If true , listen for an SSL connection on this
port. Defaults to false .
|
| str |
.root |
URL root for HTTP tunneling. |
| str |
.domain |
Domain setting to be used on http connections to bypass browser
'same site' restrictions.
|
|
|
Trace control properties (used everywhere)
| str |
tracelog_dir |
Directory in which log files will go. Defaults
to the current working directory.
|
| str |
tracelog_tag |
Base string for synthesizing log file names. Defaults to
"log" .
|
| str |
tracelog_name |
Name of log file. Overrides tracelog_dir
and tracelog_tag .
|
| str |
tracelog_size |
Size, in bytes, after which the log file will be rolled over to
a new file. Defaults to 500000; may not be set to lower than 1000.
Alternatively, the value "unlimited" will inhibit log file
rollover entirely. Rolled over log files will be named by concatenating the
tag string with a date string, unless tracelog_name has been set,
in which case incrementing integers will be used instead.
|
| str |
tracelog_rollover |
Sets the behavior with respect to log file rollover. If
set to "one" or "1" , at most one rollover
backup will be kept. If set to "many" (the default),
backups will simply accumulate.
|
| str |
trace_Subsystem |
Sets the tracing level for a given subsystem. This is the level
of severity necessary for a message to actually be written to the log file.
Valid values are: "ERROR" , "WARNING" ,
"USAGE" , "WORLD" , "EVENT" ,
"DEBUG" and "VERBOSE" , in increasing order of
spamminess.
where Subsystem is one of the currently recognized
subsystems:
comm | network communications subsystem |
msgs | JSON message handling subsystem |
runq | event run queue subsystem |
startup | server initialization subsystem |
timers | timer events subsystem |
trace | trace subsystem |
brok | Broker application |
cont | Context Server application |
dire | Director application |
gate | Gatekeeper application |
repo | Repository application |
Application Java code can also define new trace subsystems, which can add to
this list. See the JavaDoc for
the org.elkoserver.util.trace.Trace class.
|
Repository properties
| --- |
conf.repository.LocalObjStoreSpec |
Configures the object store implementation to be used by this
Repository.
|
Director properties
| int |
conf.director.providerlimit |
Sets the maximum number of providers (e.g., Context Servers)
that may connect to this Director.
|
Gatekeeper properties
| --- |
conf.gatekeeper.director.HostSpec |
Host info indicating what Director to connect to. These
properties should be set if you are configuring the Director connection
manually (i.e., without using a Broker).
|
| flg |
conf.gatekeeper.director.auto |
If true , indicates that the Director to connect to
should be obtained automatically from the Broker.
|
| int |
conf.gatekeeper.actiontimeout |
Time, in seconds, after which user connections will be
terminated if they have not done anything. Default is 15 seconds.
|
| str |
conf.gatekeeper.authorizer |
Fully qualified class name of the Java class implementing the
org.elkoserver.server.gatekeeper.Authorizer interface.
|
when conf.gatekeeper.authorizer
is
"org.elkoserver.server.gatekeepwer.passwd.PasswdAuthorizer"
:
| str |
conf.gatekeeper.idbase |
Base ID string for synthesized user IDs.
|
| flg |
conf.gatekeeper.anonymous |
If true , allow anonymous users to request
reservations. If false , don't. Defaults to true .
|
| --- |
conf.gatekeeper.ReposSpec |
Info describing the object store or Repository to use for
obtaining user authentication and account information.
|
Context Server properties
| int |
conf.context.reservationexpire |
Time, in seconds, before unredeemed reservations are
expired. Defaults to 30 seconds.
|
| int |
conf.context.entrytimeout |
Time, in seconds, that a new user connection has to enter some
context before being kicked off for inactivity. Defaults to 15 seconds.
|
| int |
conf.context.userlimit |
Maximum number of concurrent user connections permitted on this
server. A value of 0 (the default) means no limit.
|
| str |
conf.context.shutdownpassword |
Password that must be given in a JSON shutdown
message to allow the server to be shutdown. Default is no password.
|
| --- |
conf.context.ReposSpec |
Info describing the object store or Repository to use for
obtaining and persisting contexts, items and users.
|
| --- |
conf.registerN.HostSpec |
Host info indicating the N th Director to
register this Context Server with. N should follow a strict
sequence, starting with the null string and then incrementing from 1 (with no
gaps) for each successive Director connection configured. These properties
should be set if you are configuring the Director connections manually (i.e.,
without using a Broker).
|
| flg |
conf.register.auto |
If true , indicates that the Director(s) to connect
to should be obtained automatically from the Broker.
|


Create and organize your team the way you want it so you can take it to the top and compete against the best.
Keep track of the activities assigned to the team to achieve higher performance and being the best.
Simple and intuitive interface for the user community.
For all devices.
We guarantee the security and data integrity.
Full Stack
Full Stack
Full Stack
Full Stack
Full Stack
A group of friends from Rosario, future systems engineers at UAI, passionate about new technologies with a proactive attitude towards learning.


Every five years, Hooting Yard awards a prize for the best entry received in our Essay Competition. As ever, the subject matter of essays is in some wise related to potatoes. Entries must be at least ten thousand words in length, couched in majestic sweeping paragraphs, and executed in gorgeous handwriting. This year's title is as follows:
“Potatoes were no food for a dying woman.”—Hannah Maria Jones, The Life Of A Murderer (1848). Discuss, with particular emphasis on potatoes and dying women.
The closing date is tomorrow.


Oh my! You are actually reading this... Ok, then...
RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS
This is open source and what you do with Canoe is YOUR responsibility.
Or to put it more clearly - if you fumble the ball and lose all your Nano - you are on your own. :)
LICENSE
The MIT License (MIT) Copyright (c) 2014-2016 BitPay, Inc. Copyright (c) 2017 Göran Krampe Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.


Website Under construction...
In the mean time, why not take the awesome test? (scroll down)
Click this button to see if you're awesome:
Awesome Test
Button


This page demonstrates some of the basic analysis features of RiTaJS by Daniel Howe. File issues and view source on github.
What the part of speech tags mean can be found here.
Analyze it!
Show me rhymes.
clear


|
Emperor
Sirran Sirlindin |
|
An old man shrouded in mystery. Nobody knows where he came from, how old he is, or what his plans are. There are even rumors that he is immortal. He claims to have built the city of Timon by himself and rules it as an absolute dictator. He has challenged the world to a war saying he will take everyone to see god. Nobody is sure exactly what that means, but with the luxury and stability he offers in his city, very few of his people question his policies. |
|
Sirran |


John Legend supports ex-felons in Florida getting right to vote
by Associated PressSinger John Legend was on hand to lend support Friday as 18 former felons were granted the right to vote in what Miami officials called a simple and streamlined process.
The ceremony in a Miami-Dade County courtroom was meant to show that ex-felons can regain their voting rights, even if the Republican-controlled state Legislature enacted a law requiring them to pay any fees, fines and restitution first.
Florida voters approved constitutional Amendment 4 last year aimed at allowing about 1.4 million ex-felons to vote. The Legislature's subsequent law put the financial requirements in place, landing the issue before the Florida Supreme Court which heard oral arguments earlier this week.
JOHN LEGEND ON ABORTION LAW BOYCOTTS: 'MONEY TALKS'
Legend said he backs efforts to allow former felons to fully regain their place in society.
"It's so beautiful to see," Legend told reporters. "So many people take it for granted, this right to vote. When you lose it, it makes you realize how important it is."
"It just shows you how important democracy is, how precious democracy is," he added. "It's important for all of us to be included in that."
The Grammy winner held a fundraiser Thursday night for the Florida Rights Restoration Coalition, which is mounting a statewide effort to help former prisoners obtain the right to vote.
One by one, the former felons came before Circuit Judge Nushin Sayfie for brief hearings to ensure they are qualified to regain the right to vote. One of them was Andre Williams, 63, who had an aggravated assault conviction on his record.
TRUMP CALLS OUT JOHN LEGEND, CHRISSY TEIGEN ON TWITTER, GETS VULGAR RESPONSE
"I'm happy. Very, very happy," he said. "It's what I fought for, forever."
Carlos Martinez, the Miami-Dade public defender, said people seeking restoration of voting rights can apply through the FRRC website and most would not need to come to court. If they do owe fines or restitution, Martinez said there are ways to settle those debts.
"We are all working with them to see those amounts are paid," he said.
Desmond Meade, president of FRRC, said the organization is planning a bus tour to raise awareness through all 67 Florida counties.
JOHN LEGEND ON FELICITY HUFFMAN PRISON SENTENCE: 'NO ONE IN OUR NATION WILL BENEFIT'
"We want to encourage everyone to participate in our democracy because that's what makes us vibrant," Meade said. "There is hope. There is a pathway forward. We are hoping to replicate this throughout the state."
The bright red bus features images of former felons, one carrying a sign that reads, "When a debt is paid, it's paid." It also has the slogan, "Our vote, our voice, our time" on the side.


Exports decline by 1.11% in October
In September also, exports had contracted by 6.57% to $26 billion.
by PTIThe country’s exports dipped by 1.11% to $26.38 billion in October on account of contraction in sectors like petroleum and leather.
In September also, exports had contracted by 6.57% to $26 billion.
Imports too declined by 16.31% to $37.39 billion, narrowing trade deficit to $11 billion in October, according to official data released on Friday.
Trade deficit in October last year stood at $18 billion.
Oil imports, in October 2019, fell 31.74% to $9.63 billion as compared to the same month last year.
Exports during April - October this fiscal dipped by 2.21% to $185.95 billion. Imports were down by 8.37% to $280.67 billion, leaving a trade deficit of $94.72 billion.


{{ competition.get_athlete_count }} participants, imported
{{ competition.published_on|timesince }} ago
{% extends "base.html" %} {% load datetime_filter %} {% load static %} {% block meta_description %}Find world wide lifesaving pool results, rankings, records and athlete profiles with personal best times.{% endblock %} {% block head_title %} Home {% endblock %} {% block content %}
| Event | Athlete | Time | Date | Competition |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| {{ top_result.event.name }} | {% for nationality in top_result.athlete.nationalities.all %} {% endfor %} {{ top_result.athlete.name }} | {{ top_result.time|format_time }} | {{ top_result.competition.date }} | {{ top_result.competition.name }} |


|
restclient-cpp
C++ client for making HTTP/REST requests
|
holds some diagnostics information about a request More...
#include <connection.h>
Public Attributes | |
| double | totalTime |
| double | nameLookupTime |
| double | connectTime |
| double | appConnectTime |
| double | preTransferTime |
| double | startTransferTime |
| double | redirectTime |
| int | redirectCount |
holds some diagnostics information about a request
| RestClient::Connection::RequestInfo::appConnectTime |
Member 'appConnectTime' contains the time from start until SSL/SSH handshake completed. See CURLINFO_APPCONNECT_TIME
| RestClient::Connection::RequestInfo::connectTime |
Member 'connectTime' contains the time it took until Time from start until remote host or proxy completed. See CURLINFO_CONNECT_TIME
| RestClient::Connection::RequestInfo::nameLookupTime |
Member 'nameLookupTime' contains the time spent in DNS lookup in seconds Time from start until name resolving completed. See CURLINFO_NAMELOOKUP_TIME
| RestClient::Connection::RequestInfo::preTransferTime |
Member 'preTransferTime' contains the total time from start until just before the transfer begins. See CURLINFO_PRETRANSFER_TIME
| RestClient::Connection::RequestInfo::redirectCount |
Member 'redirectCount' contains the number of redirects followed. See CURLINFO_REDIRECT_COUNT
| RestClient::Connection::RequestInfo::redirectTime |
Member 'redirectTime' contains the total time taken for all redirect steps before the final transfer. See CURLINFO_REDIRECT_TIME
| RestClient::Connection::RequestInfo::startTransferTime |
Member 'startTransferTime' contains the total time from start until just when the first byte is received. See CURLINFO_STARTTRANSFER_TIME
| RestClient::Connection::RequestInfo::totalTime |
Member 'totalTime' contains the total time of the last request in seconds Total time of previous transfer. See CURLINFO_TOTAL_TIME


Devastating right sees Wilder KO Ortiz to retain heavyweight title
Las Vegas - Deontay Wilder floored Cuba's Luis Ortiz in the seventh round to retain his World Boxing Council world title and preserve his unbeaten record in boxing's resurgent heavyweight division.
The 34-year-old Wilder landed a devastating right hand to end the fight and move one step closer to his goal of unifying all four heavyweight belts with an explosive finish at the MGM Grand Hotel in Las Vegas.
Unbeaten in 43 fights and widely regarded as the most destructive puncher in the heavyweight division, the 'Bronze Bomber' recorded his 10th straight title defence, joining Muhammad Ali who did it between 1974 and 1978.
Wilder waited patiently for his big moment and when it came late in the seventh it was stunning. He followed a jab with a crushing straight right that sent Ortiz crashing to the canvas.
Ortiz tried to get up and eventually did but he clearly could not continue. The fight was officially stopped at 2:51 of the seventh.
This was a rematch of their 2018 fight where Wilder battled through adversity to deliver a 10th-round stoppage.


Chupa Chups (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈtʃupa ˈtʃups]) is a Spanish brand of lollipop and other confectionery which is sold in over 150 countries around the world. The name of the brand comes from the Spanish verb chupar, meaning "to suck".
Please add [CAC] infront of your name


--- layout: post title: A Funeral Amongst Sand Dunes - Pictures date: 2007-05-20 comments: false ---
I said I'd add pictures from the beach... so here they are...


Welcome to The Happy Place!
Happy browsing!
The Happy Place is an online refuge from the dark, the dreary and the dismal! Browse these pages to find inspiring images, uplifting quotes, links to interesting articles, advice and more.
What's more, you can visit our submissions page to add your own uplifting story! You can view previous submissions here.
The Happy Place team x
"Thousands of candles can be lighted from a single candle, and the life of the candle will not be shortened. Happiness never decreases by being shared" -Buddha
"The most dangerous risk at all- the risk of spending your life not doing what you want on the bet you can buy yourself the freedom to do it later" - Randy Komisar


Our free Wi-Fi internet service is available 24-hours in lobby, meeting room, facilities and guest rooms to hel you stay connected wherever you are.
Our all rooms are fitted with Air Conditions which are available 24 hours in lobby, meeting room, and guest rooms to hel you stay cool whenever you are.
At our Hotel Rooms, Lobby, Meeting Room and Guest Rooms, Smoking is totally prohibited.
Our all the Rooms, and Guest Room are fitted with HD Television & in Meeting Room is fitted with Projector.
The restaurants of our hotel will gratify the taste of the most exacting guests. Here, you can taste some culinary masterpieces by our chef.
We work with the best car rental companies in India, bringing you discount car rental rates and a wide variety of car rental classes.
At our Hotel we have enough Parking Space for our Guests.
Our Hotel have Power Backup so whenever electricity is broken, we can run on Power Backup.


-
Name: {{p.firstname}} {{p.middlename}} {{p.lastname}}
Address: {{p.address}}
-
Contact: {{p.contact_no}}
Gender: {{p.gender}}
Date of Birth: {{p.birthdate}}
Permanent Address: {{p.permanent_address}}
-
Works at
-
Company:
{{p.company | status }}
Position:
{{p.job | status }}
-
Graduated at the University of antique
-
{{p.course_name}}
{{p.department_name}} Department
Year - {{p.year_graduated}}
-
Skills
-
{{s.skills}}
-
No Skills added.


three.js demo by JuliusF. Models Taken from
here.
Press c to change the particle color.
-
p
for screenshot


@* * Copyright 2023 HM Revenue & Customs * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. *@ @(pageRef: String, questionKey: String, changeRoute: Option[Call], rowData: String)(implicit messages: Messages)


Threave Rovers Youth Development £11,000 better off thanks to Cash for Kids
A month of fund raising in the West Sound Radio competition has provided a fantastic boost for club funds
by Stuart Gillespie, https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/authors/stuart-gillespie/Threave Rovers Youth Development is in the money by more than £11,000 after a month of fundraising.
The club was one of six from across Dumfries and Galloway to take part in a West Sound Cash for Kids competition to raise as much money as possible.
The youngsters raised nearly £9,000 – and as that was the most of any of the clubs they were awarded an extra £2,500.
It was the second year running the competition had been held, with Threave also winning last year.
Chairman Mark Geddes said: “We laughed that we’d try to beat last year’s target and we did! It was an intensive four weeks but it was worth it.
“We had a pop-up shop in Castle Douglas as well as various fundraising nights. The kids were given £1 to grow into business ideas. A few of the players are at Hardgate Primary so they worked together and some held bake sales.
“One lad used his pound to write to all of the Scottish Premiership Clubs. Livingston donated the match ball from their win over Celtic which was raffled for more than £600.
“He also got a matchday experience from Aberdeen which was raffled for £120. We got lots of other things donated which we raffled.”
That helped raise a final total of £8,998, which the youth system – run separately from the adult team – keeps along with the extra £2,500 from West Sound.
And the plan is for the money to go towards an ambitious project for an indoor football facility in Castle Douglas.
Mark said: “The football facilities in Castle Douglas are fairly limited. We have Birkland in the town but there is extremely poor drainage in the winter so my idea has been to build an indoor facility which could be used during the winter.
“We pay a lot for facility hire and the first team trains away from Castle Douglas which doesn’t make any sense.


| Interface | Description |
|---|---|
| DocType | |
| InputBinding | |
| InputSchema | |
| NamedType | |
| OutputBinding | |
| OutputSchema | |
| Parameter |
Define an input or output parameter to a process.
|
| Process | |
| ProcessRequirement |
A process requirement declares a prerequisite that may or must be fulfilled before executing a process.
|
| SchemaBase | |
| SchemaDefinedType |
Abstract base for schema-defined types.
|
| Sink |
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| Any |
The Any type validates for any non-null value.
|
| ArraySchema | |
| CommandInputArraySchema | |
| CommandInputEnumSchema | |
| CommandInputParameter |
An input parameter for a CommandLineTool.
|
| CommandInputRecordField | |
| CommandInputRecordSchema | |
| CommandLineBinding | |
| CommandLineTool |
This defines the schema of the CWL Command Line Tool Description document.
|
| CommandOutputArraySchema | |
| CommandOutputBinding |
Describes how to generate an output parameter based on the files produced by a CommandLineTool.
|
| CommandOutputEnumSchema | |
| CommandOutputParameter |
An output parameter for a CommandLineTool.
|
| CommandOutputRecordField | |
| CommandOutputRecordSchema | |
| CreateFileRequirement |
Define a list of files that must be created by the workflow platform in the designated output directory prior to executing the command line tool.
|
| DockerRequirement |
Indicates that a workflow component should be run in a [Docker](http://docker.com) container, and specifies how to fetch or build the image.
|
| Documentation |
A documentation section.
|
| EnumSchema |
Define an enumerated type.
|
| EnvironmentDef |
Define an environment variable that will be set in the runtime environment by the workflow platform when executing the command line tool.
|
| EnvVarRequirement |
Define a list of environment variables which will be set in the execution environment of the tool.
|
| ExpressionTool |
Execute an expression as a process step.
|
| File |
Represents a file (or group of files if `secondaryFiles` is specified) that must be accessible by tools using standard POSIX file system call API such as open(2) and read(2).
|
| FileDef |
Define a file that must be placed in the designated output directory prior to executing the command line tool.
|
| InlineJavascriptRequirement |
Indicates that the workflow platform must support inline Javascript expressions.
|
| InputArraySchema | |
| InputEnumSchema | |
| InputParameter | |
| InputRecordField | |
| InputRecordSchema | |
| JsonldPredicate |
Attached to a record field to define how the parent record field is handled for URI resolution and JSON-LD context generation.
|
| MultipleInputFeatureRequirement |
Indicates that the workflow platform must support multiple inbound data links listed in the `source` field of [WorkflowStepInput](#WorkflowStepInput).
|
| OutputArraySchema | |
| OutputEnumSchema | |
| OutputParameter | |
| OutputRecordField | |
| OutputRecordSchema | |
| PrimitiveType |
Salad data types are based on Avro schema declarations.
|
| RecordField |
A field of a record.
|
| RecordSchema | |
| ResourceRequirement |
Specify basic hardware resource requirements.
|
| SaladEnumSchema |
Define an enumerated type.
|
| SaladRecordField |
A field of a record.
|
| SaladRecordSchema | |
| ScatterFeatureRequirement |
Indicates that the workflow platform must support the `scatter` and `scatterMethod` fields of [WorkflowStep](#WorkflowStep).
|
| SchemaDefRequirement |
This field consists of an array of type definitions which must be used when interpreting the `inputs` and `outputs` fields.
|
| ShellCommandRequirement |
Modify the behavior of CommandLineTool to generate a single string containing a shell command line.
|
| SpecializeDef | |
| StepInputExpressionRequirement |
Indicate that the workflow platform must support the `valueFrom` field of [WorkflowStepInput](#WorkflowStepInput).
|
| SubworkflowFeatureRequirement |
Indicates that the workflow platform must support nested workflows in the `run` field of (WorkflowStep)(#WorkflowStep).
|
| Workflow |
A workflow describes a set of **steps** and the **dependencies** between those processes.
|
| WorkflowOutputParameter |
Describe an output parameter of a workflow.
|
| WorkflowStep |
A workflow step is an executable element of a workflow.
|
| WorkflowStepInput |
The input of a workflow step connects an upstream parameter (from the workflow inputs, or the outputs of other workflows steps) with the input parameters of the underlying process.
|
| WorkflowStepOutput |
Associate an output parameter of the underlying process with a workflow parameter.
|
| Enum | Description |
|---|---|
| CWLType |
- Extends primitive types with the concept of a file as a first class type.
|
| CWLVersions |
Version symbols for published CWL document versions.
|
| Expression |
Not a real type.
|
| LinkMergeMethod |
The input link merge method, described in [WorkflowStepInput](#WorkflowStepInput).
|
| ScatterMethod |
The scatter method, as described in [workflow step scatter](#WorkflowStep).
|


In OttoAir, we are not marketing our product nor the service, we are promoting a new life style. We believe traveling internationally should be easy, inexpensive, and instantaneous. You should be able to hop on a plane after you have read a fantastic blog and just suddenly decide to see it in person. China is not about the Forbidden City, the Great Wall, nor the world’s biggest variety of flavors, it’s about the culture, and the interaction of people. OttoAir focus on optimize your traveling experience, by providing you the cheapest ticket, and the insightful guidance.
Yes, we need your suitcases. (the required size of suitcase: height 67cm- 76 width 45cm-48, submitting an unqualified suitcase will cause ticket price variations) Our courier will contact you and come to your door to retrieve your suitcases.
Yes, if you purchase ticket from OttoAir, you can order a transfer service for additional $25.
Yes, a list of all items will send to you through email.
You are welcome to inspect your OttoPackage when it is delivered to you. The OttoPackage will be sealed after your inspection, and you will sign an agreement indicates the OttoPackage will not be opened by you.
If you are unlucky enough, the post office is not available, you need to take the luggage home. OttoAir’s customer service will assist you to download the APP of the local shipping company, and arrange their team to pick up the OttoPackage at your door


Increasing insulation often requires a re-balancing of ventilation. Which? Magazine’s damp expert David Prince (founder of dampexpert.com) considers Ultrovent passive ventilation units as one possible solution.
(Original article on Construction Magazine)Condensation already affects a large number of properties due to an increase in water production brought about by modern lifestyles. At the same time, doors and windows are draught proofed and chimney flues sealed. The result is often unhealthy mould growth affecting cold surfaces and poorly ventilated areas. Ultrovents are designed to ventilate living rooms and bedrooms where the constant trickle ventilation provides up to 2.8 litres of water vapour to escape over a 24 hour period. A single air brick Ultrovent is usually sufficient to ventilate a room with a floor area of 20m2. Core drill options are also available with an output of 1.2 litres.
At the heart of the Ultrovent filter is a thermal core that discourages cold draughts and promotes the removal of damp air in a controlled way. The filter also reduces heat loss and through-the vent noise. The air brick cavity liner is constructed from high impact polystyrene to reduce cold bridging and provide increased strength and resistance to distortion.
The Ultrovent air brick unit can also be installed into existing air brick openings making it an easy upgrade option. By retaining the existing external air brick, installation can be completed from inside the property making it ideal for high rise properties. Damp Expert will be launching a number of new products in the New Year and is seeking to increase the number of distributors. If you are interested in becoming a distributor then contact Susie Toms at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Ultrovents have been independently tested at the Wolfson M.T.I.A. Unit at Southampton University. Ultrovents are not suitable for providing ventilation to heating appliances.


Music Categories
Even more websites all about websites templates on
Just Web Templates
.
If you're looking for beautiful and professionally made templates you can find them at
Template Beauty
.
You can remove any link to our website from this template you're free to use the template without linking back to us.