I was so delighted by the quotation from Bernard Levin—oops, I really must remember to call him Bernard “Massive, unflagging, moral, exquisitely shaped, enormously vital, enormously funny, strong, supple, human, ripe, generous and graceful” Levin whenever I mention him—that I posted it again today, at The Dabbler.
One point that has occurred to me is the seemingly outrageous omission from the list of “the Jethro Tull”. But I realise that, even in 1970, the great critic intuited that the band led by the hairy monopod flautist would never, ever, vanish down “the memory hole of instant oblivion”.


TARZAN
I have a complicated relationship with Disney movies. In 1988, when Who Framed Roger Rabbit came out and revived the American animation industry from a creative and financial coma, I was about to enter high school. I had recently become obsessed with Popeye and Rocky and Bullwinkle, and the Richard Williams directed, Tex Avery inspired animated antics of the Toontown characters were enough to push me over the edge into a permament fascination with animation.  And I have done that, enjoying all of the modern Disney features on some level, including the unpopular ones. The widely criticized Pocahontas is one of my favorites, combining more complex emotional situations than most Disney features with some of Glen Keane's best animation acting - I like to cite the silent first meeting between Pocohontas and John Smith as some of the greatest character animation ever created. My absolute favorite of the modern Disney movies is The Rescuers Down Under, which seems to be mostly ignored for the most inane possible reason: disappointing box office returns. But to me it is a great piece of entertainment. It inventively elaborates on the miniature mouse society from the first Rescuers film, stands out from other Disney films by being a full fledged action adventure, and contains awe inspiring animation of a giant eagle (again, the work of Glen Keane) which is still impressive after ten years of innovations in animation technique. In a way it, not The Little Mermaid, should stand as the marker between old and new Disney, since it was the first to use the CAPS system for computerized coloring. I do recognize the limitations of the Disney formula and am frustrated by the company's tendency to be conservative. Therefore, I find that Disney movies are best appreciated taking into account the constraints of the Disney formula, and in comparison to other Disney movies. When compared to, say, The Nightmare Before Christmas or The Thief and the Cobbler, Disney's version of Hercules wouldn't be particularly striking in the design department. But compared to other Disney features it seems shockingly adventurous, a near revolutionary departure from the house style. And I admire the boundaries Disney pushes in tiny steps, because I'm anxiously waiting for them to push hard enough that the whole formula breaks and they aren't able to put it back together for a while. I also have somewhat of a bias against musicals. Some of my best friends are musicals, such as The Nightmare Before Christmas and Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory. But I have a definite preference for the Nightmare style of musical, where the songs are impossible to separate from the story. They push the plot along - most of the time, they *are* the plot - and they illustrate the characters' emotions with a vividness that just could not be accomplished with dialogue. What frustrates me is the Lion King style of musical, where the songs seem to be there just because someone higher up wanted to have songs in the movie. A lot of them really don't seem to have a strong enough story or character purpose, and I'm reminded of the way Beavis and Butthead's storyline is constantly interrupted by irrelevant music video breaks. The Lion King is often held up as the pinnacle of Disney achievement, but to me it's the nadir. Scenes like the death of Mufasa and the adult Simba's meeting with Rafiki are dramatic and powerful, but I have a hard time appreciating them because I am so distracted by the movie's tendency to spin off on tangents like the very popular song about the farting warthog.
All this is to establish why, without bursting out of the Disney formula, Tarzan is the kind of Disney movie I have been waiting for. There's enough tradition in there to satisfy the mothers and fathers who want to know what to expect from a Disney movie before they buy their kids the video. But it emphasizes the aspects of Disney movies that I like (emotional drama, tremendous and at times subtle character animation) while playing down the ones that I don't (unfunny comic relief, musical numbers). It's my kind of Disney movie. For starters, Tarzan is not a musical. I didn't think Disney would ever try this again after the financial failure of Rescuers Down Under (which also wasn't a musical) but perhaps the success of Toy Story taught them that it's possible make piles of money and even sell soundtracks without having sing along songs. The catch is, the non-musical Disney formula requires the presence of songs by cheeseball white rockers (in this case, Phil Collins, whose songs are far less tolerable than Randy Newman's). It's a sacrifice I'm willing to make, though, because without farting warthog tangents the story and characters feel far more developed. Even the montages seem designed to tell the story without the song lyrics, rather than just being there to illustrated the lyrics with wacky antics. Before the release of Tarzan, there were rumors circulating that the more serious tone of the film would be damaged by a musical number performed by a scatting Rosie O'Donnell character named Terk. These reports were greatly exaggerated. Tarzan purists looking for a serious, dramatic translation of the story have every right to be disappointed. But when looked at as a Disney movie, in relation to the studio's body of work, the song doesn't prevent the film from being surprisingly serious. The scene, in which animals innocently destroy a human camp, is more of a musical sound effect collage than an actual musical number. It's playful and entertaining and organic to the story. I would, however, like it better if Terk were breaking plates in awe like the others, rather than dancing around conducting the whole primate orchestra. Other than that there's not much emphasis on Rosie O'Donnell, and she doesn't come across as embarrassingly unfunny as previous Disney comic relief characters like Timon and Pumbaa and the Wisecracking Gargoyles. She doesn't even fit the formula of the pasted on comic relief character, because she's central to the story, having grown up with Tarzan and being bitter to see him taking on relationships with humans. Terk's elephant buddy Tantor is a little harder to swallow, because his design is more cartoony than the other animals, and it's not clear whether he wanders away from his elephant troop to hang with the gorillas, or whether he actually lives with them. There's also an unfortunate incident of Tantor using his trunk as a periscope, which seems more out of place than it would in other Disney movies since the movie for the most part avoids that type of joke.
The main advantage of an animated Tarzan, of course, is the way Tarzan moves. It's Glen Keane to the rescue again, and it's hard to imagine another animator pulling it off so well. Tarzan is a nearly naked mass of muscles, and he swings deftly from vine to vine, barefoot surfs across trees and walks on his knuckles like a gorilla. He even uses his toes as fingers, something I have a hard time imagining in live action. He's an animal inside a human body, and he does his best to mold his body into the proper animal shape. It's hard to imagine that this portrayal of Tarzan will ever be topped, at least physically. My favorite character is an actual gorilla, though - Kurchak, the patriarch of the gorilla family. His design is more realistic than most Disney animals, but his arms are practically the size of an entire human. Voiced grimly by good ol' Lance Henriksen, his menace and his relationship with Tarzan are the emotional center of the film. All of the gorillas are afraid of Kurchak, but Tarzan has particular reason to fear him, because he has never been accepted as a real gorilla. When Tarzan discovers that there are other "creatures who look like me," he threatens to endanger the gorilla family by leading humans to them. Kurchak intimidates Tarzan, fiercely telling him to stay away from humans. It's sad for many reasons, not the least of which is Tarzan and the audience's knowledge that Kurchak is probably right. From childhood on, Tarzan is always trying to prove himself to Kurchak, but of course it's not easy. When a vicious leopard attacks Kurchak and injures him, Tarzan saves the day for the first time in an intense fight sequence which culminates in Tarzan raising the droopy corpse of his opponent in the air and making his trademark primal yell. The conflict is all in the facial expressions as Tarzan tries to address Kurchak, not certain whether he's made him proud or only humiliated him. Both in dramatic sophistication and in raw brutality, sequences like this contradict Disney's reputation as a studio interested only in kiddie fluff. Kurchak's final scene with Tarzan is even more powerful, and the animation of the gorilla's facial expressions is incredible. Jane is also a strong character, far more memorable than most Disney heroines due to a humorous vocal performance by Minnie Driver. Jane isn't the usual blandly positive role model for young girls. She's humorously high strung, and a little self-deprecating. Her first scene with Tarzan is a classic scene, far more spot-on than Disney usually is when it comes to being funny.
Tarzan is also more action packed than most Disney films. A new computer technique called Deep Canvas allows Tarzan and Jane to swing and swoop and slide in every direction through complex, three-dimensional jungle backgrounds. There are a few vine-swinging chase scenes that look and feel like rollercoaster rides - a nice, unexpected touch. But what makes Tarzan more memorable for me are the quiet, subtle moments. I like the way they approach the language barrier between animals and humans. Tarzan has a talent for mimicking sounds, and uses it to learn a few phrases from Jane. When he teaches Jane how to speak to gorillas, he teaches her to say "Jane stays with Tarzan," and giggles like a little boy as he does it. There are many scenes where the animals only speak in animal noises. The whole scene where Kala discovers baby Tarzan and decides to keep him is sad and scary and entirely without words. Even when the characters do talk, it's the physical gestures that end up saying the most - like the way Kala backs away in fear when Tarzan brings humans to see her, or the way her eyes tear up when she sees Tarzan wearing human clothes.
The only major weakness in the film is in its villain, Clayton, a member of Jane's party who secretly (but obviously) wants to poach the gorillas. His design is inelegant, his voice is typical of Disney villains and his character has far less dimension than the others in the film. He does, however, have an emotional final showdown with Tarzan and Gets His a little more brutally than other Disney villains. Ouch. I'm also not a fan of Jane's father, Porter, who looks suspiciously similar to Belle's father in Beauty and the Beast. However, the only time he really interferes with the story is in the finale, when he rather awkwardly invites himself to move in with his daughter and her new boyfriend. But these aren't the things you come away from Tarzan thinking of. You remember Kurchak's eyes as he dies, and young Tarzan noticing that his fingers are different from his mother's, and Tarzan looking unnatural whenever he tries to move like a human. With some Disney movies, I always remember the unfortunate parts I didn't like. When I think of Hunchback of Notre Dame, I think of those ridiculous comic relief gargoyles inappropriately joining in the climactic battle before I think of the movie's attempt to deal with more serious, adult themes like the lust of priests. But Tarzan strikes a better balance, so when I think of it I think of nothing but classic scenes. I don't think Tarzan is as perfect an animated drama as, say, Kiki's Delivery Service. But I do think it's one of Disney's best.
--Bryan Frankenseuss Theiss
"I write rhymes so fresh I try to bite my own verses." --Tash
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"43. Gannon Dunkerley survived the Forty-sixth Constitutional Amendment in two respects. First with regard to the definition of sale for the purposes of the Constitution in general and for the purposes of Entry 54 of List II in particular except to the extent that the clauses in Article 366(29-A) operate. By introducing separate categories of deemed sales, the meaning of the word goods was not altered. Thus the definitions of the composite elements of a sale such as intention of the parties, goods, delivery, etc. would continue to be defined according to known legal connotations. This does not mean that the content of the concepts remain static. The courts must move with the times. But the Forty-sixth Amendment does not give a licence, for example, to assume that a transaction is a sale and then to look around for what could be the goods. The word goods has not been altered by the Forty-sixth Amendment. That ingredient of a sale continues to have the same definition. The second respect in which Gannon Dunkerley has survived is with reference to the dominant nature test to be applied to a composite transaction not covered by Article 366(29-A). Transactions which are mutant sales are limited to the clauses of Article 366(29-A). All other transactions would have to qualify as sales within the meaning of the Sales of Goods Act, 1930 for the purpose of levy of sales tax."
While noticing the said case, it has been held:
"105. The amendment introduced fiction by which six instances of transactions were treated as deemed sale of goods and that the said definition as to deemed sales will have to be read in every provision of the Constitution wherever the phrase tax on sale or purchase of goods occurs. This definition changed the law declared in the ruling in Gannon Dunkerley & Co. only with regard to those transactions of deemed sales. In other respects, law declared by this Court is not neutralised. Each one of the sub-clauses of Article 366(29-A) introduced by the Forty-sixth Amendment was a result of ruling of this Court which was sought to be neutralised or modified. Sub-clause (a) is the outcome of New India Sugar Mills Ltd. v. CST and Vishnu Agencies (P) Ltd. v. CTO. Sub-clause (b) is the result of Gannon Dunkerley & Co. Sub-clause (c) is the result of K.L. Johar and Co. v. CTO. Sub-clause (d) is consequent to A.V. Meiyappan v. CCT. Sub-clause
(e) is the result of CTO v. Young Mens Indian Assn. (Regd.). Sub-clause (f) is the result of Northern India Caterers (India) Ltd. v. Lt. Governor of Delhi and State of Punjab v.
Associated Hotels of India Ltd.
106. In the background of the above, the history prevailing at the time of the Forty-sixth Amendment and pre-enacting history as seen in the Statement of Objects and Reasons, Article 366(29- A) has to be interpreted. Each fiction by which those six transactions which are not otherwise sales are deemed to be sales independently operates only in that sub-clause.
107. While the true scope of the amendment may be appreciated by overall reading of the entirety of Article 366(29-A), deemed sale under each particular sub-clause has to be determined only within the parameters of the provisions in that sub- clause. One sub-clause cannot be projected into another sub-clause and fiction upon fiction is not permissible. As to the interpretation of fiction, particularly in the sales tax legislation, the principle has been authoritatively laid down in Bengal Immunity Co. Ltd. v. State of Bihar, SCR at p. 647:
The operative provisions of the several parts of Article 286, namely, clause (1)(a), clause (1)(b), clause (2) and clause (3) are manifestly intended to deal with different topics and, therefore, one cannot be projected or read into another. (S.R. Das, Actg. C.J.) We can also see pp. 720 and 721 (N.P. Bhagwati, J.)."
It was categorically held therein:
"75. In our opinion, the essence of the right under Article 366(29-A)(d) is that it relates to user of goods. It may be that the actual delivery of the goods is not necessary for effecting the transfer of the right to use the goods but the goods must be available at the time of transfer, must be deliverable and delivered at some stage. It is assumed, at the time of execution of any agreement to transfer the right to use, that the goods are available and deliverable. If the goods, or what is claimed to be goods by the respondents, are not deliverable at all by the service providers to the subscribers, the question of the right to use those goods, would not arise."
It was furthermore held that only because the Board keeps itself ready for supply of electrical energy, the same by itself would not mean that there had been deliverable goods and the goods have been delivered.
163. We are not concerned with the user of the goods and, therefore, deliverability of the goods is not in question.
164. It may be that electricity has been considered to be 'goods' but the same has to be considered having regard to the definition of "goods" contained in Clause (12) of Article 366 of the Constitution of India. When this Court held electricity to be 'goods' for the purpose of application of sales tax laws and other tax laws, in our opinion, the same would have nothing to do with the construction of Entry 53 of List II of the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India.
165. Supply does not mean sale. A' fortiori it does not also mean consumption.
166. A 'goods' may be a tangible property or an intangible one. It would become goods provided it has the attributes thereof having regard to (a) its utility; (b) capable of being bought and sold; and (c) capable of transmitted, transferred, delivered, stored and possessed.
167. Strong reliance has been placed by Mr. Andhyarujina on a decision of this Court in M/s. Northern India Iron & Steel Co. v. State of Haryana and Another [(1976) 2 SCC 877] wherein it has been held:
"10. Coming to the question of duty, we have no hesitation in an outright rejection of the extreme contention put forward on behalf of the appellants that no duty is liviable at all on the demand charge. But it is clear, and this was fairly conceded to by the Solicitor General appearing for the State of Haryana, that the amount of duty payable will be on the actual amount of demand charge realisable from the consumer after the proportionate reduction under clause 4(f) of the tariff.
11. Section 3 of the Duty Act says that there shall be levied and paid to the State Government on the energy supplied by the Board to a consumer a duty to be called the electricity duty, computed at the rates indicated in the various clauses of sub-section (1) of Section 3. The expression used in the various clauses is where the energy is supplied to a particular type of consumer, then the rate of duty will be as specified therein. On the basis of the said expression the argument put forward on behalf of the appellant was that the duty could be levied only on the energy charges for the actual amount of energy supplied. Such an argument is too obviously wrong to be accepted. Reading the clauses as a whole it would be seen that the duty is chargeable on the price of energy supplied in a month. The price of energy in a two-part tariff system would mean and include the energy charge as also the demand charge. This is made further clear by the manner of calculation provided in Rule 3 of the Punjab Electricity (Duty) Rules, 1958. Sub-rule (1) says:
The duty under clauses (iii) and (iv) of sub-section (1) of Section 3 of the Act shall be calculated on the price of the energy recoverable at the net rate of the Board which will include the demand charge when the supply is governed by a two-part tariff."
In that case, no term like "net energy" existed.
168. We may notice that this Court in West Coast Papers Mills Ltd (supra), held that no tax can be invoked on transmission loss stating:
"7. We have set out the relevant provisions of the Act, and it would appear therefrom that electricity tax is payable on the units of energy consumed. The one question with which we are concerned in this appeal is whether electricity tax is payable in respect of the electrical energy which is lost in transmission as a result of transmission loss or transformer loss. So far as this question is concerned, we are of the view that no tax is payable on the electricity so lost. The entire scheme of the Act is to tax the consumption of electrical energy. Where some energy is not consumed but lost before it reaches the point of consumption, the question of levy of tax on consumption of such energy would not in the very nature of things arise. The place of consumption of electrical energy is normally at some distance from the place where electrical energy is generated. Electrical energy has consequently to be transmitted through metal conductors to the place where it is consumed. Such transmission admittedly entails loss of some electrical energy and what is lost can plainly be not available for consumption and as such would not be consumed. If a person, for example, generates 100 units of electrical energy and loses 10 units in the process of transmission from the point of generation to the point of consumption, he would in the very nature of things be able to supply only 90 units of electrical energy to the consumers. The tax which would be payable on the electrical energy consumed in such a case would be only for 90 units and not 100 units. To hold otherwise and to realise tax on 100 units of electrical energy would be tantamount to levying tax on the generation or production of electrical energy and not on its consumption. Such a tax on the generation or production of electrical energy is plainly not permissible under the Act. The fact that the consumer happens in the present case to be the same Company which generated the electrical energy would, in our opinion, make no material difference."
169. Our attention has been drawn to a simple bill, from a perusal whereof it appears that although permitted MD was 350 KVA, the recorded demand being 144 KVA, electricity tax was charged only on the basis of 144 KVA and not on the basis of 350 KVA. Keeping in view the fact that the maximum demand postulates something other than actual delivery of electricity, the question of imposition of any tax thereupon does not arise. The decision of this Court in M/s. Northern India Iron & Steel Co. (supra) did not assign any reason. The said decision did not take into consideration the provisions of Article 366 (12) of the Constitution of India or the effect of Entry 53 of List II of the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India. It has also not been taken into consideration that the State cannot impose tax only because the State Electricity Board would be entitled to levy tax on certain services. It would bear repetition to state that the concept of tariff and tax is different. Whereas tariff would include a list of charges, the tax must be on actual basis. It is also not the case nor can it be that imposition of tax on actual sale or consumption of electrical energy was impossible keeping in view of the particular fact situation. As noticed hereinbefore, two different meters are installed; one, for the purpose of actual consumption of electrical energy and another being a trivector, the same merely records the maximum demand.
170. A decision, as is well known, is an authority for what it decides and not what can logically be deduced therefrom. A decision is not an authority on a point which has not been considered.
171. For the reasons aforementioned, we are of the opinion that the impugned judgment cannot be sustained which is set aside accordingly. The appeals are allowed to the extent mentioned hereinbefore. No costs.


The top two go to a .zip file with the game ready to play. The bottom two will let you download the setup files for you to set up the game yourself. The KSP 1.0.5 setup file will need admin. Both will result in a stock KSP.
Here are the links from which I got these versions of the game:


Setting up kdtree for use is extremely easy. There are two ways to use this library: you can either "properly" install it in the system, or you can just build the kdtree source files along with your program, since the library is very small.
Just run: ./configure
, make
, and make
install
(the last one should be executed as root if you are installing the
library system-wide).
Run ./configure --help
for configuration options. The most important
options are --prefix=<installation path prefix>
, and
--disable-fastalloc
to disable the fast result node allocator, which
depends on pthreads for locking.
Just copy kdtree.c
and kdtree.h
files and build them along
with your program. Make sure you have USE_LIST_NODE_ALLOCATOR
defined when compiling kdtree.c
if you want the fast result node
allocator. If you do so, remember to link with libpthread too.
Of course you need to keep the copyright notices intact if you merge the kdtree source files with your program in any way.


{% set suppress_feedback = true %} {% extends '_layouts/layout.html' %} {% block page_title %}{% endblock %} {% block body_css_classes %}nhsuk-frontend{% endblock %} {% block content %}
GP OOH Service - Leeds, West Yorkshire (St Georges) WYUC
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Postfix releases 2.9.14, 2.10.8, 2.11.6, 3.0.2, released on 20/Jul/2015 and all later releases are not vulnerable in their default configuration. The below recommended TLS settings for Postfix are sufficient to avoid exposure to DROWN. Many of these are defaults in sufficiently recent releases. Nevertheless, in addition to ensuring that your Postfix configuration disables SSLv2 and weak or obsolete ciphers, you should also deploy the appropriate OpenSSL upgrade.
# Whenever the built-in defaults are sufficient, let the built-in # defaults stand by deleting any explicit overrides. # Disable deprecated SSL protocol versions. See: # http://www.postfix.org/postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_protocols # http://www.postfix.org/postconf.5.html#smtpd_tls_protocols # # Default in all supported stable Postfix releases since July 2015. # Defaults for the mandatory variants never allowed SSLv2. # smtpd_tls_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3 smtp_tls_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3 lmtp_tls_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3 tlsproxy_tls_protocols = $smtpd_tls_protocols # smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3 smtp_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3 lmtp_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3 tlsproxy_tls_mandatory_protocols = $smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols # Disable export and low-grade ciphers. See: # http://www.postfix.org/postconf.5.html#smtpd_tls_ciphers # http://www.postfix.org/postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_ciphers # # Default in all supported stable Postfix releases since July 2015. # smtpd_tls_ciphers = medium smtp_tls_ciphers = medium # Enable forward-secrecy with a 2048-bit prime and the P-256 EC curve. See # http://www.postfix.org/FORWARD_SECRECY_README.html#server_fs # http://www.postfix.org/postconf.5.html#smtpd_tls_dh1024_param_file # http://www.postfix.org/postconf.5.html#smtpd_tls_eecdh_grade # # The default DH parameters use a 2048-bit strong prime as of Postfix 3.1.0. # smtpd_tls_dh1024_param_file=${config_directory}/dh2048.pem smtpd_tls_eecdh_grade = strong # Trimmed cipherlist improves interoperability with old Exchange servers # and reduces exposure to obsolete and rarely used crypto. See: # http://www.postfix.org/postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_exclude_ciphers # http://www.postfix.org/postconf.5.html#smtpd_tls_exclude_ciphers # smtp_tls_exclude_ciphers = EXPORT, LOW, MD5, aDSS, kECDHe, kECDHr, kDHd, kDHr, SEED, IDEA, RC2 smtpd_tls_exclude_ciphers = EXPORT, LOW, MD5, SEED, IDEA, RC2


Police: Man bought movie ticket, slept in theater to rob it
NASHVILLE, Tenn. (AP) - Police in Nashville are searching for a man they say paid for a movie ticket and spent the night inside a theater waiting to rob the business once it opened.
Metro police identified 57-year-old Lloyd Eugene Rhodes on Friday as the suspect who they say robbed an AMC theater at gunpoint the day before. News outlets report that investigators think Rhodes bought a movie ticket Wednesday night and hid inside the theater during closing. When a 23-year-old employee opened the business the next morning, police say Rhodes pointed a gun at her and demanded cash. He’s also accused of stealing the employee’s cell phone and car.
Police said Rhodes has committed similar robberies in other cities, including Memphis.
He hadn’t been captured as of Friday.
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November 29, 2018
Anime is not only about interesting and adorable stories of love, family, and friendship, but it also exploits a variety of creepy, even frightening, adventures. Let’s find out six of the most obsessive animes that no horror movie fans should ignore!
Attack on Titan tells us a story of continuous battles among humans and Titans – giant and monstrous creatures fond of freshly killing and eating humans JUST FOR FUN instead of any survival demands. A minor number of humans alive choose to defend their last breath inside a city embraced by a super tall and solid wall. Interestingly, there is a group of people daring to get outside of the wall to fight against the Titans – the Scouting Legion. This horror anime is only about scary phenomena, but it's also going to teach us a lesson of intelligence and bravery.
Anime Yami Shibai was built upon a familiar idea regarding Japanese culture of horror story- telling, which sees numerous ancient houses and mysterious and dark streets. The content is concise, the art is simple, but sudden and creepy minor details in this anime can create an unforgettable obsession on the audience.


Welcome to bio
The software is currently under development. It is operational but not fully vetted.
bio
- command-line utilities to make bioinformatics explorations more enjoyable.
Built on top of BioPython, Parasail and other existing packages; bio
streamlines tedious bioinformatics tasks such as:
- downloading and storing data
- converting between formats
- extracting a subset of information
- visualizing alignments
- exploring taxonomies
- … and more …
Compare the gene GFF models made with bio
(left) to those you download from official sources like NCBI (right):
Having access to all the utility described above makes the bio
package well suited for exploratory analysis of genomes. The software was written to teach bioinformatics and is the companion software to the Biostar Handbook
Quick links
- Source code: https://github.com/ialbert/bio
- Use cases: bio_examples.sh
Why do we need this software?

Time and again I found myself not pursuing an idea because getting to the fun part was too tedious. The bio
package is meant to solve that tedium.
Diving right in
Here is how to align the first 1000 basepairs of SARS-COV-2 versus to the same region of a bat coronavirus:
# Get the data.
bio NC_045512 MN996532 --fetch
# Align the sequences.
bio NC_045512 MN996532 --align --end 1000
that’s it. bio
will take care of everything for you and prints:
### 1: NC_045512.2 vs MN996532.2 ###
Length: 1000 (semiglobal)
Query: 1000 [1, 1000]
Target: 1000 [1, 1000]
Score: 4721
Ident: 969/1000 (96.9%)
Simil: 969/1000 (96.9%)
Gaps: 0/1000 (0.0%)
Matrix: nuc44(-11, -1)
NC_045512.2 ATTAAAGGTTTATACCTTCCCAGGTAACAAACCAACCAACTTTCGATCTCTTGTAGATCTGTTCTCTAAACGAACTTTAAAATCTGTGTGGCTGTCACTC
1 ||||||||||||||||||.|||||||||||||||||.||||.||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||.||||||||| 100
MN996532.2 ATTAAAGGTTTATACCTTTCCAGGTAACAAACCAACGAACTCTCGATCTCTTGTAGATCTGTTCTCTAAACGAACTTTAAAATCTGTGTGACTGTCACTC
NC_045512.2 GGCTGCATGCTTAGTGCACTCACGCAGTATAATTAATAACTAATTACTGTCGTTGACAGGACACGAGTAACTCGTCTATCTTCTGCAGGCTGCTTACGGT
101 |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||.|||||||||||||||.|||||||||| 200
MN996532.2 GGCTGCATGCTTAGTGCACTCACGCAGTATAATTAATAACTAATTACTGTCGTTGACAGGACACGAGTAACTCATCTATCTTCTGCAGGTTGCTTACGGT
...
A more realistic example
Suppose you wanted to identify the differences between the S
protein of the bat coronavirus deposited as MN996532
and the S
protein of the ancestral SARS-COV-2 virus designated by the NCBI via accession number NC_045512
.
If you are a trained bioinformatician, think about all the steps you would need to perform to accomplish this task, then think about the effort it would take you to teach someone else how to do the same.
With the bio
package the process takes simple, concise steps.
Download and rename
First we download and rename the data keep our sanity:
bio NC_045512 --fetch --rename ncov
bio MN996532 --fetch --rename ratg13
From now on bio
can operate on NC_045512
using the name ncov
and on MN996532
using the name ratg13
no matter where you are on your computer!
Convert to different formats
bio
stores data in an internal storage system that it can find from any location. There is no clutter of files or paths to remember. For example, in any directory you now can type:
bio ncov --fasta --end 100
and it will show you the first 100 bases of the genome
>ncov Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 isolate Wuhan-Hu-1, complete genome
ATTAAAGGTTTATACCTTCCCAGGTAACAAACCAACCAACTTTCGATCTCTTGTAGATCT
GTTCTCTAAACGAACTTTAAAATCTGTGTGGCTGTCACTC
You could also convert the data stored under ncov
name to other formats. Let’s convert features with type CDS
to GFF
:
bio ncov --gff --type CDS | head -5
##gff-version 3
NC_045512.2 . CDS 266 13468 . + . ID=CDS-1;Parent=YP_009724389.1;Name=YP_009724389.1;gene=ORF1ab;locus_tag=GU280_gp01;ribosomal_slippage=;note=pp1ab; translated by -1 ribosomal frameshift;codon_start=1;product=ORF1ab polyprotein;protein_id=YP_009724389.1;db_xref=GeneID:43740578;gene_id=GU280_gp01
NC_045512.2 . CDS 13468 21555 . + . ID=CDS-2;Parent=YP_009724389.1;Name=YP_009724389.1;gene=ORF1ab;locus_tag=GU280_gp01;ribosomal_slippage=;note=pp1ab; translated by -1 ribosomal frameshift;codon_start=1;product=ORF1ab polyprotein;protein_id=YP_009724389.1;db_xref=GeneID:43740578;gene_id=GU280_gp01
NC_045512.2 . CDS 266 13483 . + . ID=CDS-3;Parent=YP_009725295.1;Name=YP_009725295.1;gene=ORF1ab;locus_tag=GU280_gp01;note=pp1a;codon_start=1;product=ORF1a polyprotein;protein_id=YP_009725295.1;db_xref=GeneID:43740578;gene_id=GU280_gp01
NC_045512.2 . CDS 21563 25384 . + . ID=CDS-4;Parent=YP_009724390.1;Name=YP_009724390.1;gene=S;locus_tag=GU280_gp02;gene_synonym=spike glycoprotein;note=structural protein; spike protein;codon_start=1;product=surface glycoprotein;protein_id=YP_009724390.1;db_xref=GeneID:43740568;gene_id=GU280_gp02
Align nucleotides or peptides
Now, back to our problem of aligning proteins. Let’s align the first 90 basepairs of DNA sequences for the S
protein for each organism, bio
even gives you a shortcut, instead of typing --gene S --type CDS
you can write it as ncov:S
:
bio ncov:S ratg13:S --end 90 --align
### 1: YP_009724390 vs QHR63300.2 ###
Length: 90 (semiglobal)
Query: 90 [1, 90]
Target: 90 [1, 90]
Score: 387
Ident: 83/90 (92.2%)
Simil: 83/90 (92.2%)
Gaps: 0/90 (0.0%)
Matrix: nuc44(-11, -1)
YP_009724390 ATGTTTGTTTTTCTTGTTTTATTGCCACTAGTCTCTAGTCAGTGTGTTAATCTTACAACCAGAACTCAATTACCCCCTGCATACACTAAT
1 ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||.||||||||||||||||||||.|||||.||||||||.|||||.|||||||||||.||. 90
QHR63300.2 ATGTTTGTTTTTCTTGTTTTATTGCCACTAGTTTCTAGTCAGTGTGTTAATCTAACAACTAGAACTCAGTTACCTCCTGCATACACCAAC
If instead we wanted to align the 90bp DNA sequences for S
protein after their translation into proteins we could do it like so:
bio ncov:S ratg13:S --translate --end 90 --align
### 1: YP_009724390 vs QHR63300.2 ###
Length: 30 (semiglobal)
Query: 30 [1, 30]
Target: 30 [1, 30]
Score: 153
Ident: 30/30 (100.0%)
Simil: 30/30 (100.0%)
Gaps: 0/30 (0.0%)
Matrix: blosum62(-11, -1)
YP_009724390 MFVFLVLLPLVSSQCVNLTTRTQLPPAYTN
1 |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| 30
QHR63300.2 MFVFLVLLPLVSSQCVNLTTRTQLPPAYTN
We can note right away that all differences in the first 90bp of DNA are synonymous substitutions, the protein translations are the same.
Look up the taxonomy
Then additional data source can be fully integrated. Finding the lineage of the organism is as simple as:
bio ncov --taxon --lineage
superkingdom, Viruses, 10239
clade, Riboviria, 2559587
kingdom, Orthornavirae, 2732396
phylum, Pisuviricota, 2732408
class, Pisoniviricetes, 2732506
order, Nidovirales, 76804
suborder, Cornidovirineae, 2499399
family, Coronaviridae, 11118
subfamily, Orthocoronavirinae, 2501931
genus, Betacoronavirus, 694002
subgenus, Sarbecovirus, 2509511
species, Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus, 694009
no rank, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, 2697049
See the bioproject
bio
knows about bioprojects and sequencing data, what is stored in the SRA about our data?
bio ncov --sra
ncov BioProject PRJNA485481
ncov BioSample
Alas this particular data is not properly cross-referenced even at NCBI, thus we can’t quite get the SRR run numbers automatically. But for other data, that is deposited correctlywe could just do a:
bio ncov --sra --sample
to see the sample information as stored in the BioProject.
bio
is a data model
Beyond the functionality that we show, bio
is also an exploration into modeling biological data. The current standards and practices are woefully antiquated and painfully inadequate, the default formats at GenBank or EMBL are dishearteningly inefficient, and depressingly tedious to program with.
In contrast, take a look under the hood, in bio
all data are in a simple, efficient, quick to load, compressed in JSON format.
bio ncov | head -20
[
{
"id": "NC_045512.2",
"definition": "Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 isolate Wuhan-Hu-1, complete genome",
"dblink": [
"BioProject:PRJNA485481"
],
"locus": "NC_045512",
"feature_count": 57,
"origin_len": 29903,
"molecule_type": "ss-RNA",
"topology": "linear",
"data_file_division": "VRL",
"date": "18-JUL-2020",
"accessions": [
"NC_045512"
],
"sequence_version": 2,
"keywords": [
"RefSeq"
The data layout allows bio
to read in the entire human chromosome 1, with its 253 million characters and 328 thousand genomic features, in just three(!) seconds. In another 3 seconds bio
can convert that information fasta or gff, it can filter it by type, translate the sequence, extract proteins, slice by coordinate etc:
time bio chr1 --fasta | wc -c
253105766
real 0m6.238s
user 0m4.156s
sys 0m2.172s
For shorter genomes, bacterial or viral the conversion times are under a fraction of a second.
Thanks to the representation it is trivially easy to extend bio
. The data is already structured in an efficient layout that needs no additional parsing to load.
What did bio
do for us?
- fetched the data from NCBI
- created a more efficient local representation the data
- stored this representation so that next time you need it is available much faster
- generated alignments
But wait there is more
How about translating the reverse of the last 10 nucleotides of every feature labeled as CDS
. bio
can do that, just keep adding parameters :-) :
bio ncov --fasta --type CDS --start -10 --reverse --translate
ah yes, if that is what you needed, here it is:
>YP_009724389.1 [-9:21291], reverse, translated DNA
NQQ
>YP_009725295.1 [-9:13218], reverse, translated DNA
NVA
>YP_009724390.1 [-9:3822], reverse, translated DNA
NTH
...
And so on. bio
has a wealth of utility that makes bioinformatics more accessible.
Comparisons to EMBOSS
The software with the most similar goals to bio
is the emboss suite, a revolutionary software package developed decades ahead of its time. Unfortunately, perhaps because of being developed so early on, the amazing feats of software engineering within emboss
are deployed with a nearly incomprehensible documentation that attempts, in vain, to describe an incredibly obtuse command interface.
We love the concept of emboss
but even after many years we don’t understand how to use it. We constantly have to consult the manual for details. Moreover commands that use emboss
suites tend to end up as a series of hard to read arcane commands that are surprisingly difficult to comprehend even for experienced scientists.
Criticism aside, imitation is the greatest form of flattery, bio
is an homage to emboss
with the hope that one day, we can replace some functionality from emboss
with code that brings joy rather than frustrations.


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RT @kevindente: It won't be long before people are saying "dude, go check out the Google home page. It's actually the old logo, not a do ...
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Structure Fire on Cliff Drive
by RogerStructure fire in the 1800 block of Cliff Drive. SB City Fire Dept Engine 6 is on scene and others are responding.
Structure fire in the 1800 block of Cliff Drive. SB City Fire Dept Engine 6 is on scene and others are responding.


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 The 1982 edition was known as the Around the Towns Marathon and was held at
Newcastle-under-Lyme; the 2004 edition was known as the Stoke-on-Trent City Marathon.
03 Jul
2016
2:31:22
Benjamin Gamble (ENG)
2:59:07
Hannah Oldroyd-2
05 Jul
2015
2:26:14
Ben Fish (ENG)
2:57:28
Hannah Oldroyd (ENG)
2005-2014
---
not held
---
not held
Ray Plant (ENG)
Julia Myatt-3
Mike Proudlove-2
Julia Myatt-2
Mike Proudlove (ENG)
Julia Myatt (ENG)
Mark Roberts-7
Susan Martin-3
Shaun Milford (ENG)
Susan Martin-2
Adri Hartveld (NED)
Edwina Turner (WAL)
Dale Colclough (ENG)
Susan Martin (WAL)
Robin Nash (ENG)
Margaret Thompson-3
Mark Roberts-6
Lesley Turner (ENG)
Mark Roberts-5
Man-yi Lo (HKG)
Mark Roberts-4
Margaret Thompson-2
Mark Roberts-3
Margaret Thompson (ENG)
Mark Roberts-2
Susan Coxshall-3
Mark Roberts (WAL)
Susan Coxshall-2
Tom Hughes (IRL)
Susan Coxshall (ENG)
Brian Peacock (ENG)
Hilary Walker (ENG)
Eddie Lee (WAL)
Christine Kilkenny-2
Harold Clague-3
Elaine Statham-2
Harold Clague-2 + Dave Catlow (ENG)
Elaine Statham (ENG)
Harold Clague (ENG)
Christine Kilkenny (ENG)
Ian Thompson (ENG)
Celia Hargrave-2
John Offord (ENG)
Celia Hargrave (ENG)
Martin Bishop (ENG)
Jayne Barre (ENG)
Most Wins
(1982-date)
Men
7
Mark Roberts (WAL)
1991-96,2001
Women
3
Susan Coxshall (ENG)
1990-92
.
Maggie Thompson (ENG)
1993-94,1997
.
Susan Martin (WAL)
1998,2000-01
.
Julia Myatt (ENG)
2002-04
Prize Money
(ADR qualified runners)
No information on prize money has been received for this race.
Race Time Bias
(sec/km)
Insufficient data to calculate the race time bias.
Competitive Level
(1990-date)
Insufficient data to calculate the competitive level.
Quality Performances
Men <2:20 3 Women <2:48 1 <2:50 1
Last Updated on 10 Dec 2017
Contributors: Andy Milroy (7), Alex Wilson (33), Klaas Loonstra (5), Mick McGeoch (5)


--- layout: splash author_profile: false classes: wide banner: /assets/images/logo-white-tr-image-1200-600.png page_assets: /assets/images/landpage/ ---


File: src/utils/OverlapKeeper.js
var TupleDictionary = require('./TupleDictionary'); var Utils = require('./Utils'); module.exports = OverlapKeeper; /** * Keeps track of overlaps in the current state and the last step state. * @class OverlapKeeper * @constructor */ function OverlapKeeper() { this.overlappingShapesLastState = new TupleDictionary(); this.overlappingShapesCurrentState = new TupleDictionary(); this.recordPool = []; this.tmpDict = new TupleDictionary(); this.tmpArray1 = []; } /** * Ticks one step forward in time. This will move the current overlap state to the "old" overlap state, and create a new one as current. * @method tick */ OverlapKeeper.prototype.tick = function() { var last = this.overlappingShapesLastState; var current = this.overlappingShapesCurrentState; // Save old objects into pool var l = last.keys.length; while(l--){ var key = last.keys[l]; var lastObject = last.getByKey(key); var currentObject = current.getByKey(key); if(lastObject && !currentObject){ // The record is only used in the "last" dict, and will be removed. We might as well pool it. this.recordPool.push(lastObject); } } // Clear last object last.reset(); // Transfer from new object to old last.copy(current); // Clear current object current.reset(); }; /** * @method setOverlapping * @param {Body} bodyA * @param {Body} shapeA * @param {Body} bodyB * @param {Body} shapeB */ OverlapKeeper.prototype.setOverlapping = function(bodyA, shapeA, bodyB, shapeB) { var last = this.overlappingShapesLastState; var current = this.overlappingShapesCurrentState; // Store current contact state if(!current.get(shapeA.id, shapeB.id)){ var data; if(this.recordPool.length){ data = this.recordPool.pop(); data.set(bodyA, shapeA, bodyB, shapeB); } else { data = new OverlapKeeperRecord(bodyA, shapeA, bodyB, shapeB); } current.set(shapeA.id, shapeB.id, data); } }; OverlapKeeper.prototype.getNewOverlaps = function(result){ return this.getDiff(this.overlappingShapesLastState, this.overlappingShapesCurrentState, result); }; OverlapKeeper.prototype.getEndOverlaps = function(result){ return this.getDiff(this.overlappingShapesCurrentState, this.overlappingShapesLastState, result); }; /** * Checks if two bodies are currently overlapping. * @method bodiesAreOverlapping * @param {Body} bodyA * @param {Body} bodyB * @return {boolean} */ OverlapKeeper.prototype.bodiesAreOverlapping = function(bodyA, bodyB){ var current = this.overlappingShapesCurrentState; var l = current.keys.length; while(l--){ var key = current.keys[l]; var data = current.data[key]; if((data.bodyA === bodyA && data.bodyB === bodyB) || data.bodyA === bodyB && data.bodyB === bodyA){ return true; } } return false; }; OverlapKeeper.prototype.getDiff = function(dictA, dictB, result){ var result = result || []; var last = dictA; var current = dictB; result.length = 0; var l = current.keys.length; while(l--){ var key = current.keys[l]; var data = current.data[key]; if(!data){ throw new Error('Key '+key+' had no data!'); } var lastData = last.data[key]; if(!lastData){ // Not overlapping in last state, but in current. result.push(data); } } return result; }; OverlapKeeper.prototype.isNewOverlap = function(shapeA, shapeB){ var idA = shapeA.id|0, idB = shapeB.id|0; var last = this.overlappingShapesLastState; var current = this.overlappingShapesCurrentState; // Not in last but in new return !!!last.get(idA, idB) && !!current.get(idA, idB); }; OverlapKeeper.prototype.getNewBodyOverlaps = function(result){ this.tmpArray1.length = 0; var overlaps = this.getNewOverlaps(this.tmpArray1); return this.getBodyDiff(overlaps, result); }; OverlapKeeper.prototype.getEndBodyOverlaps = function(result){ this.tmpArray1.length = 0; var overlaps = this.getEndOverlaps(this.tmpArray1); return this.getBodyDiff(overlaps, result); }; OverlapKeeper.prototype.getBodyDiff = function(overlaps, result){ result = result || []; var accumulator = this.tmpDict; var l = overlaps.length; while(l--){ var data = overlaps[l]; // Since we use body id's for the accumulator, these will be a subset of the original one accumulator.set(data.bodyA.id|0, data.bodyB.id|0, data); } l = accumulator.keys.length; while(l--){ var data = accumulator.getByKey(accumulator.keys[l]); if(data){ result.push(data.bodyA, data.bodyB); } } accumulator.reset(); return result; }; /** * Overlap data container for the OverlapKeeper * @class OverlapKeeperRecord * @constructor * @param {Body} bodyA * @param {Shape} shapeA * @param {Body} bodyB * @param {Shape} shapeB */ function OverlapKeeperRecord(bodyA, shapeA, bodyB, shapeB){ /** * @property {Shape} shapeA */ this.shapeA = shapeA; /** * @property {Shape} shapeB */ this.shapeB = shapeB; /** * @property {Body} bodyA */ this.bodyA = bodyA; /** * @property {Body} bodyB */ this.bodyB = bodyB; } /** * Set the data for the record * @method set * @param {Body} bodyA * @param {Shape} shapeA * @param {Body} bodyB * @param {Shape} shapeB */ OverlapKeeperRecord.prototype.set = function(bodyA, shapeA, bodyB, shapeB){ OverlapKeeperRecord.call(this, bodyA, shapeA, bodyB, shapeB); };


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Creates a new fleet to run your game servers. A fleet is a set of Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instances, each of which can run multiple server processes to host game sessions. You configure a fleet to create instances with certain hardware specifications (see Amazon EC2 Instance Types for more information), and deploy a specified game build to each instance. A newly created fleet passes through several statuses; once it reaches the ACTIVE status, it can begin hosting game sessions.
To create a new fleet, provide a fleet name, an EC2 instance type, and a build ID of the game build to deploy. You can also configure the new fleet with the following settings: (1) a runtime configuration describing what server processes to run on each instance in the fleet (required to create fleet), (2) access permissions for inbound traffic, (3) fleet-wide game session protection, and (4) the location of default log files for Amazon GameLift to upload and store.
If the create-fleet call is successful, Amazon GameLift performs the following tasks:
After a fleet is created, use the following actions to change fleet properties and configuration:
See also: AWS API Documentation
create-fleet
--name <value>
[--description <value>]
--build-id <value>
[--server-launch-path <value>]
[--server-launch-parameters <value>]
[--log-paths <value>]
--ec2-instance-type <value>
[--ec2-inbound-permissions <value>]
[--new-game-session-protection-policy <value>]
[--runtime-configuration <value>]
[--resource-creation-limit-policy <value>]
[--cli-input-json <value>]
[--generate-cli-skeleton <value>]
Descriptive label that is associated with a fleet. Fleet names do not need to be unique.
Human-readable description of a fleet.
Unique identifier for a build to be deployed on the new fleet. The build must have been successfully uploaded to Amazon GameLift and be in a READY status. This fleet setting cannot be changed once the fleet is created.
This parameter is no longer used. Instead, specify a server launch path using the runtime-configuration parameter. (Requests that specify a server launch path and launch parameters instead of a runtime configuration will continue to work.)
--server-launch-parameters (string)
This parameter is no longer used. Instead, specify server launch parameters in the runtime-configuration parameter. (Requests that specify a server launch path and launch parameters instead of a runtime configuration will continue to work.)
This parameter is no longer used. Instead, to specify where Amazon GameLift should store log files once a server process shuts down, use the Amazon GameLift server API ProcessReady() and specify one or more directory paths in logParameters . See more information in the Server API Reference .
Syntax:
"string" "string" ...
Name of an EC2 instance type that is supported in Amazon GameLift. A fleet instance type determines the computing resources of each instance in the fleet, including CPU, memory, storage, and networking capacity. Amazon GameLift supports the following EC2 instance types. See Amazon EC2 Instance Types for detailed descriptions.
Possible values:
- t2.micro
- t2.small
- t2.medium
- t2.large
- c3.large
- c3.xlarge
- c3.2xlarge
- c3.4xlarge
- c3.8xlarge
- c4.large
- c4.xlarge
- c4.2xlarge
- c4.4xlarge
- c4.8xlarge
- r3.large
- r3.xlarge
- r3.2xlarge
- r3.4xlarge
- r3.8xlarge
- m3.medium
- m3.large
- m3.xlarge
- m3.2xlarge
- m4.large
- m4.xlarge
- m4.2xlarge
- m4.4xlarge
- m4.10xlarge
--ec2-inbound-permissions (list)
Range of IP addresses and port settings that permit inbound traffic to access server processes running on the fleet. If no inbound permissions are set, including both IP address range and port range, the server processes in the fleet cannot accept connections. You can specify one or more sets of permissions for a fleet.
Shorthand Syntax:
FromPort=integer,ToPort=integer,IpRange=string,Protocol=string ...
JSON Syntax:
[
{
"FromPort": integer,
"ToPort": integer,
"IpRange": "string",
"Protocol": "TCP"|"UDP"
}
...
]
--new-game-session-protection-policy (string)
Game session protection policy to apply to all instances in this fleet. If this parameter is not set, instances in this fleet default to no protection. You can change a fleet's protection policy using UpdateFleetAttributes, but this change will only affect sessions created after the policy change. You can also set protection for individual instances using update-game-session .
- NoProtection – The game session can be terminated during a scale-down event.
- FullProtection – If the game session is in an ACTIVE status, it cannot be terminated during a scale-down event.
Possible values:
- NoProtection
- FullProtection
--runtime-configuration (structure)
Instructions for launching server processes on each instance in the fleet. The runtime configuration for a fleet has a collection of server process configurations, one for each type of server process to run on an instance. A server process configuration specifies the location of the server executable, launch parameters, and the number of concurrent processes with that configuration to maintain on each instance. A create-fleet request must include a runtime configuration with at least one server process configuration; otherwise the request will fail with an invalid request exception. (This parameter replaces the parameters ServerLaunchPath and ServerLaunchParameters ; requests that contain values for these parameters instead of a runtime configuration will continue to work.)
Shorthand Syntax:
ServerProcesses=[{LaunchPath=string,Parameters=string,ConcurrentExecutions=integer},{LaunchPath=string,Parameters=string,ConcurrentExecutions=integer}]
JSON Syntax:
{
"ServerProcesses": [
{
"LaunchPath": "string",
"Parameters": "string",
"ConcurrentExecutions": integer
}
...
]
}
--resource-creation-limit-policy (structure)
Policy that limits the number of game sessions an individual player can create over a span of time for this fleet.
Shorthand Syntax:
NewGameSessionsPerCreator=integer,PolicyPeriodInMinutes=integer
JSON Syntax:
{
"NewGameSessionsPerCreator": integer,
"PolicyPeriodInMinutes": integer
}
--cli-input-json (string) Performs service operation based on the JSON string provided. The JSON string follows the format provided by --generate-cli-skeleton. If other arguments are provided on the command line, the CLI values will override the JSON-provided values.
--generate-cli-skeleton (string) Prints a JSON skeleton to standard output without sending an API request. If provided with no value or the value input, prints a sample input JSON that can be used as an argument for --cli-input-json. If provided with the value output, it validates the command inputs and returns a sample output JSON for that command.
FleetAttributes -> (structure)
Properties for the newly created fleet.
FleetId -> (string)
Unique identifier for a fleet.FleetArn -> (string)
Identifier for a fleet that is unique across all regions.Description -> (string)
Human-readable description of the fleet.Name -> (string)
Descriptive label that is associated with a fleet. Fleet names do not need to be unique.CreationTime -> (timestamp)
Time stamp indicating when this data object was created. Format is a number expressed in Unix time as milliseconds (for example "1469498468.057").TerminationTime -> (timestamp)
Time stamp indicating when this data object was terminated. Format is a number expressed in Unix time as milliseconds (for example "1469498468.057").Status -> (string)
Current status of the fleet.
Possible fleet statuses include the following:
- NEW – A new fleet has been defined and desired instances is set to 1.
- DOWNLOADING/VALIDATING/BUILDING/ACTIVATING – Amazon GameLift is setting up the new fleet, creating new instances with the game build and starting server processes.
- ACTIVE – Hosts can now accept game sessions.
- ERROR – An error occurred when downloading, validating, building, or activating the fleet.
- DELETING – Hosts are responding to a delete fleet request.
- TERMINATED – The fleet no longer exists.
BuildId -> (string)
Unique identifier for a build.ServerLaunchPath -> (string)
Path to a game server executable in the fleet's build, specified for fleets created prior to 2016-08-04 (or AWS SDK v. 0.12.16). Server launch paths for fleets created after this date are specified in the fleet's runtime-configuration .ServerLaunchParameters -> (string)
Game server launch parameters specified for fleets created prior to 2016-08-04 (or AWS SDK v. 0.12.16). Server launch parameters for fleets created after this date are specified in the fleet's runtime-configuration .LogPaths -> (list)
Location of default log files. When a server process is shut down, Amazon GameLift captures and stores any log files in this location. These logs are in addition to game session logs; see more on game session logs in the Amazon GameLift Developer Guide . If no default log path for a fleet is specified, Amazon GameLift will automatically upload logs that are stored on each instance at C:\game\logs (for Windows) or /local/game/logs (for Linux). Use the Amazon GameLift console to access stored logs.
(string)
NewGameSessionProtectionPolicy -> (string)
Type of game session protection to set for all new instances started in the fleet.
- NoProtection – The game session can be terminated during a scale-down event.
- FullProtection – If the game session is in an ACTIVE status, it cannot be terminated during a scale-down event.
OperatingSystem -> (string)
Operating system of the fleet's computing resources. A fleet's operating system depends on the OS specified for the build that is deployed on this fleet.ResourceCreationLimitPolicy -> (structure)
Fleet policy to limit the number of game sessions an individual player can create over a span of time.
NewGameSessionsPerCreator -> (integer)
Maximum number of game sessions that an individual can create during the policy period.PolicyPeriodInMinutes -> (integer)
Time span used in evaluating the resource creation limit policy.


Bitcoin P2P Cryptocurrency
Bitcoin P2P Cryptocurrency
Bitcoin is a peer-to-peer network based anonymous digital currency. Peer-to-peer (P2P) means that there is no central authority to issue new money or keep track of transactions. Instead, these tasks are managed collectively by the nodes of the network. Anonymity means that the real world identity of the parties of a transaction can be kept hidden from the public or even from the parties themselves. Advantages:
- Transfer money easily through the internet, without having to trust third parties.
- Third parties can’t prevent or control your transactions.
- Be safe from the unstability caused by fractional reserve banking and bad policies of central banks. The limited inflation of the Bitcoin system’s money supply is distributed evenly (by CPU power) throughout the network, not monopolized by the banks.
Bitcoin is an open source project created by Satoshi Nakamoto, and is currently in beta development stage. Get the latest version of Bitcoin at the Sourceforge project page.
Screenshots:
Using Bitcoin:
Turn on Options->Generate Coins to get a few coins by helping to run the network. Bitcoin runs in the background when your computer is idle and should not slow down other programs. It may take days to successfully generate a coin, so be patient. The timing varies and depends on how much idle CPU time you contribute.
The total eventual circulation of Bitcoins will be 21,000,000 coins. There will never be more coins than that. The coins are entering circulation gradually, at a steady pace over many years, to nodes supporting the network in proportion to the CPU time they contribute.
To receive incoming connections, you need to set your firewall to forward port 8333 (TCP) to your computer. This increases the number of nodes you can connect with.
Download Bitcoin 0.2 for Windows (exe) (3.1MB)
Download Bitcoin 0.2 for Windows (zip) (3.1MB)
Download Bitcoin 0.2 for Linux (2.4MB)
Note: If you have 64-bit Linux, the package ia32-libs needs to be installed.
SHA1 b8acb0008c5ce8a3c30f67491d7a85d1a7f73174 bitcoin-0.2.0-win32-setup.exe
SHA1 9efbdd7ba31989f477d3006b3b867942579c4695 bitcoin-0.2.0-win32.zip
SHA1 6ff749851e66801f2c82a199eec595d853c9fa8d bitcoin-0.2.0-linux.tar.gz


Khune To Play Hero For Chiefs?
by Soccer LadumaThe stage has been set for Itumeleng Khune to make a sensational return for Kaizer Chiefs in the Telkom Knockout, but the question remains – will he make it in time?
Read: Crazy Record Continues After Dramatic Comeback
Khune has battled with injuries of late, so much so that he’s made just two appearances in all competitions in 2019 so far as he dealt with first a shoulder problem and now a groin injury.
Ernst Middendorp had said that the Amakhosi stopper would be out for the whole of October, but when November came around he was still nowhere to be seen as Daniel Akpeyi kept his place between the sticks and Bruce Bvuma sat on the bench.
Now, with Akpeyi’s yellow card against Orlando Pirates meaning that he faces a one-game ban, Middendorp may look to call on the Bafana Bafana international to take his place in goal in the TKO semifinal against Maritzburg United if he’s fit enough after the international break.
Khune does have a few weeks to get himself back to match fitness before the clash with the Team of Choice, but it may also be a game that comes too soon for the 32-year-old as he seeks a return to action once again.
Read: Chiefs' Triple Blow As Three All Ruled Out For TKO Semi!
Chiefs’ recent decision to re-sign Brylon Petersen may well have been with Khune’s situation in mind as they approach their battle for a spot in the TKO final, and Petersen may find himself into the matchday squad at the end of this month while Bvuma takes the spot opened up by Akpeyi’s suspension.
If fit, do you think Khune should start v Maritzburg?
Earn Airtime & Data With Soccer Laduma’s Social Media App - Download Now


"JAVAN "(1.) The fourth “son” of Japheth (Genesis 10:2), whose descendants settled in Greece, i.e., Ionia, which bears the name of Javan in Hebrew. Alexander the Great is called the “king of Javan” (rendered“Grecia,” Daniel 8:21; 10:20; comp. 11:2; Zechariah 9:13). This word was universally used by the nations of the East as the generic name of the Greek race. (2.) A town or district of Arabia Felix, from which the Syrians obtained iron, cassia, and calamus (Ezekiel 27:19).
"JAVAN "(1.) The fourth “son” of Japheth (Genesis 10:2), whose descendants settled in Greece, i.e., Ionia, which bears the name of Javan in Hebrew. Alexander the Great is called the “king of Javan” (rendered“Grecia,” Daniel 8:21; 10:20; comp. 11:2; Zechariah 9:13). This word was universally used by the nations of the East as the generic name of the Greek race.
(2.) A town or district of Arabia Felix, from which the Syrians obtained iron, cassia, and calamus (Ezekiel 27:19).


Obstacle Avoidance¶
This example project shows how you can make a robotic vehicle respond to its
environment using sensors. The robot drives at a given
speed until it detects an obstacle with the
UltrasonicSensor
. Then the
robot backs up, turns around, and continues driving until it detects a new
obstacle.
Building instructions
Click here to find all building instructions for the Educator Bot, or use this link to go to the ultrasonic sensor attachment directly.
Example program
#!/usr/bin/env pybricks-micropython
"""
Example LEGO® MINDSTORMS® EV3 Robot Educator Ultrasonic Sensor Driving Base Program
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This program requires LEGO® EV3 MicroPython v2.0.
Download: https://education.lego.com/en-us/support/mindstorms-ev3/python-for-ev3
Building instructions can be found at:
https://education.lego.com/en-us/support/mindstorms-ev3/building-instructions#robot
"""
from pybricks.hubs import EV3Brick
from pybricks.ev3devices import Motor, UltrasonicSensor
from pybricks.parameters import Port
from pybricks.tools import wait
from pybricks.robotics import DriveBase
# Initialize the EV3 Brick.
ev3 = EV3Brick()
# Initialize the Ultrasonic Sensor. It is used to detect
# obstacles as the robot drives around.
obstacle_sensor = UltrasonicSensor(Port.S4)
# Initialize two motors with default settings on Port B and Port C.
# These will be the left and right motors of the drive base.
left_motor = Motor(Port.B)
right_motor = Motor(Port.C)
# The DriveBase is composed of two motors, with a wheel on each motor.
# The wheel_diameter and axle_track values are used to make the motors
# move at the correct speed when you give a motor command.
# The axle track is the distance between the points where the wheels
# touch the ground.
robot = DriveBase(left_motor, right_motor, wheel_diameter=55.5, axle_track=104)
# Play a sound to tell us when we are ready to start moving
ev3.speaker.beep()
# The following loop makes the robot drive forward until it detects an
# obstacle. Then it backs up and turns around. It keeps on doing this
# until you stop the program.
while True:
# Begin driving forward at 200 millimeters per second.
robot.drive(200, 0)
# Wait until an obstacle is detected. This is done by repeatedly
# doing nothing (waiting for 10 milliseconds) while the measured
# distance is still greater than 300 mm.
while obstacle_sensor.distance() > 300:
wait(10)
# Drive backward for 300 millimeters.
robot.straight(-300)
# Turn around by 120 degrees
robot.turn(120)


Save up to a workweek a year by efficiently managing your dev bookmarks, on www.bookmarks.dev. Share your favorites with the community and they will be published on Github - Star


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Hi *|FNAME|*,
This has been a slow week at Chubbs. After recording our first podcast episode, our attorneys promptly advised us not to make it public. They gave no reasons, they just said "under no circumstances make this public". This is why we have decided that, as a special thanks, we will only give one copy of the episode to the first person that helps us reach our GofundMe goal with a donation over $500. Trust me when I say the episode is pure gold and is worth way more, at $500, this is a steal.
On a different note, our CFO traveled to Canada this week to do some location scouting for the #2017PizzaTour. 2016 will be the year for the European Pizza Tour (contact our CTFO to get tickets if you want to attend as they are selling quickly). While our CFO was not very impressed with the food or local customs, he feels maple syrup pizza could be a great hit and has already started pitching the idea Pizza Hut and Domino's about it. If hawaiian pizza took off...
The official date for the #2015PizzaTour will be September 12, 2015. One full day of pizza and a limo with the whole crew. Chubbs would love to have a guest join us for the event. To win the spot, just be the first to donate $250 to the GofundMe campaign.
Regarding the business, the board has decided not to go ahead with Chubbs Auditing Services as the amount of business travel and entertainment expenses would greatly exceed the profits. On the other hand, we have started to work on a mission statement and an actual goal as a business which, until today, we were lacking. Our CEO was not pleased with the decision about the Auditing services and, when asked how he felt, this is what he had to say:
Hope this note finds you well and rest asured, we will keep you updated with everything Chubbs.
All the best,
Chubbs
|
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All research products produced by AEROMAP are open access.
Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles reporting the results of research performed.
|
Taylor, M., Kazadzis, S., Tsekeri, A., Gkikas, A., Amiridis, V. (2014). Satellite retrieval of aerosol microphysical and optical parameters using neural networks: a new methodology applied to the Sahara desert dust peak. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 7, 3151-3175.
[ PDF]
[ Supplement]
[ Link to journal]
|
|
Taylor, M., Kazadzis, S., Tsekeri, A., Gkikas, A., Amiridis, V. (2014) AEROMAP: Satellite retrieval of dust aerosol microphysical and optical parameters using neural networks. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Meteorology, Climatology & Atmospheric Physics (COMECAP), Heraklion, Crete, 28-31 May, Vol. 3, pp197-204, ISBN: 978-960-524-430-9.
[ PDF]
[ Link to journal]
|
|
Taylor, M., Kazadzis, S., Gerosopoulos, E. (2014) Multi-modal fitting of AERONET size distributions during atypical aerosol conditions. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Meteorology, Climatology & Atmospheric Physics (COMECAP), Heraklion, Crete, 28-31 May, Vol. 3, pp191-196, ISBN: 978-960-524-430-9.
[ PDF]
[ Link to journal]
|
|
Kosmopoulos, P.G., Kazadzis, S., Flocas, H.A., Marinou, E., Amiridis, V., Taylor, M., Jacovidis, C.P. (2014) A 3D aerosol climatology in the atmosphere of Greece by remote sensing & radiative-transfer modelling techniques. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Meteorology, Climatology & Atmospheric Physics (COMECAP), Heraklion, Crete, 28-31 May, Vol. 2, pp13-17, ISBN: 978-960-524-430-9.
[ PDF]
[ Link to journal]
|
|
Kazadzis, S., Veselovskii, I., Amiridis, V., Gröbner, J., Suvorina, A., Nyeki, S., Gerasopoulos, E.,
Kouremeti, N., Taylor, M., Tsekeri, A., Wehrli, C. (2014). Aerosol microphysical retrievals from Precision Filter Radiometer direct solar radiation measurements and comparison with AERONET. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 7, 2013-2025.
[ PDF]
[ Link to journal]
|
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Kazadzis, S., Veselovskii, I., Amiridis, V., Gröbner, J., Suvorina, A., Nyeki, S., Gerasopoulos, E.,
Kouremeti, N., Taylor, M., Tsekeri, A., Wehrli, C. (2014). Aerosol microphysical retrievals from Precision Filter Radiometer direct solar radiation measurements and comparison with AERONET. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions, 7, 99-130.
[ PDF]
[ Link to journal]
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Taylor, M., Kazadzis, S., Gerosopoulos, E. (2014). Multi-modal analysis of aerosol robotic network size distributions for remote sensing applications: dominant aerosol type cases. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 7, 839-858.
[ PDF]
[ Link to journal]
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Taylor, M., Kazadzis, S., Gerosopoulos, E. (2013). Multi-modal analysis of aerosol robotic network size distributions for remote sensing applications: dominant aerosol type cases. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 6, 10571-10615.
[ PDF]
[ Link to journal]
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Amiridis, V., Wandinger, U., Marinou, E., Giannakaki, E., Tsekeri, A., Basart, S., Kazadzis, S., Gkikas, A., Taylor, M., Baldasano, J., & Ansmann, A. (2013). Optimizing Saharan dust CALIPSO retrievals. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 13, 12089-12106.
[ PDF]
[ Link to journal]
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Amiridis, V., Wandinger, U., Marinou, E., Giannakaki, E., Tsekeri, A., Basart, S., Kazadzis, S., Gkikas, A., Taylor, M., Baldasano, J., & Ansmann, A. (2013). Optimizing Saharan dust CALIPSO retrievals. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions, 13(6), 14749-14795.
[ PDF]
[ Link to journal]
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Taylor, M., Kazadzis, S., Tsekeri, A., Gkikas, A., Amiridis, V. (2013). Satellite retrieval of aerosol microphysical and optical parameters using neural networks: a new methodology applied to the Sahara desert dust peak. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions, 6, 10955-11010.
[ PDF]
[ Link to journal]
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Conference material includes posters, abstracts and proceedings as well as documented contributions in workshops.
The papers we mount as an abstract, poster or proceedings are 'final products' in that the authors, in their professional judgement,
have considered them ready for submission to peers. Readers seeking more detail are directed to the peer-reviewed journal articles.
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Participation in the 12th International Conference On Meteorology, Climatology and Atmospheric Physics (COMECAP) 2014
, Heraklion, Crete, 28-31 May 2014:
Kosmopoulos PG, Kazadzis S, Flocas HA, Marinou E, Amiridis V, Taylor M, Jacovidis CP (2014) "A 3D aerosol climatology in the atmosphere of Greece by remote sensing & radiative-transfer modeling techniques."
[Poster]
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Participation in the European Aerosol Conference 2012, Granada Spain, 2-7 September 2012:
M. Taylor, S. Kazantzis, A. Tsekeri, A. Gkikas and V. Amiridis "Calculation of aerosol microphysical properties by neural network inversion of ground-based AERONET data".
[Abstract] [Poster]
[Photo]
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Participation in the Euro-Science Open Forum 2012, Dublin, Ireland, 11-15 July 2012:
M. Taylor "AEROMAP: Global mapping of aerosol properties using neural network inversions of ground and satellite based data".
[Poster] |
Project Reports are publication-quality reporting on the progress of the project and include milestons such as year-end reports or other reports deemed relevant to the overall progress of the project. The reports will be made available online when relevant scientific content has been published in peer-reviewed journals.


Why Composable: From C# to F#
In C# we define static functions:
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public static int Add(int y, int x){
return x + y;
}
public static int AddOne(int x){
return Add(x, 1);
}
public static int AddTwo(int x){
return Add(x, 2);
}
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When combining these functions it looks like this:
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AddTwo(AddOne(4)); // 7
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Not very readable.
We cram functions into objects so that
code reads from left to right. Method chaining in F#
and Clojure accomplishes this more flexibly.
–Jessica Kerr (@jessitron) March 3, 2014
So when we do this in F#
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let add y x = x + y
let addOne = add 1
let addTwo = add 2
4 |> addOne |> addTwo
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output:
it works very cleanly, because the functions are in curried form.
Add
doesn't take two arguments, it takes one argument
and returns a function that takes takes 1 argument and returns a
result.
You can see manually do curried form in C# but the
final invocation is still clunky.
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public static Func<int,int> Add(int y){
return x => x + y;
}
var addOne = Add(1);
var addTwo = Add(2);
addTwo(addOne(4)); // 7
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However there is a way to do left to right in C#
without resorting to objects...Extension Methods:
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public static int Add(this int x, int y){
return x + y;
}
public static int AddOne(this int x){
return x.Add(1);
}
public static int AddTwo(this int x){
return x.Add(2);
}
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Giving us left to right
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4.AddOne().AddTwo(); // 7
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And thusly is the basis for the method chaining api of LINQ.
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Enumerable.Range(1,5).Where(x => x < 3); // 1,2
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In F# we already can do the equivalent
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seq { 1..5 }
|> Seq.filter (fun x -> x < 3)
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output:
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val it : mkSeq@543<int> = seq [1; 2]
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However, if we add a little bit more complexity to the C# LINQ
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new [] {
new {FirstName = "Stella", LastName = "Gibson"},
new {FirstName = "Paul", LastName = "Spector"},
new {FirstName = "Danielle", LastName = "Ferrington"},
new {FirstName = "Olivia", LastName = "Spector"},
}.OrderByDescending(x=>x.LastName).ThenBy(x=>x.FirstName);
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The F# idomatic built-in list comprehension is not as robust
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open System
type Person = { FirstName : string; LastName: string; }
let lastThenFirst (x:Person) (y:Person) =
let cmp = -String.Compare(x.LastName, y.LastName)
if cmp = 0 then
String.Compare(x.FirstName, y.FirstName)
else
cmp
[
{FirstName="Stella"; LastName="Gibson"}
{FirstName = "Paul"; LastName = "Spector"}
{FirstName = "Danielle"; LastName = "Ferrington"}
{FirstName = "Olivia"; LastName = "Spector"}
]
|> List.sortWith lastThenFirst
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output:
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val it : list<Person> =
[{FirstName = "Olivia";LastName = "Spector";};
{FirstName = "Paul"; LastName = "Spector";};
{FirstName = "Stella";LastName = "Gibson";};
{FirstName = "Danielle"; LastName = "Ferrington";}]
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You can use LINQ directly, Extension Methods are supported
in F# 3.0 along with Type Directed Conversions
at Member Invocations.
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open System.Linq
type Person = { FirstName : string; LastName: string; }
[
{FirstName="Stella"; LastName="Gibson"}
{FirstName = "Paul"; LastName = "Spector"}
{FirstName = "Danielle"; LastName = "Ferrington"}
{FirstName = "Olivia"; LastName = "Spector"}
].OrderByDescending(fun x -> x.LastName).ThenBy(fun x -> x.FirstName)
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output:
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val it : OrderedEnumerable<Person, string> = seq
[{FirstName = "Olivia"; LastName = "Spector";};
{FirstName = "Paul"; LastName = "Spector";};
{FirstName = "Stella"; LastName = "Gibson";};
{FirstName = "Danielle"; LastName = "Ferrington";}]
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It's not idiomatic F# syntax. It looks like C# (just with more "fun")
But it is static, immutable and lazy.
So we have a pattern with left to right with both
C# extension methods and curried form F#.
So given an extension method (this, arg) -> value
it could be reformed
into arg -> this -> value
and it would syntactically look like an F# API.
Examples
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let inline orderByDescending (keySelector:'TSource->'TKey) source = System.Linq.Enumerable.OrderByDescending(source, System.Func<'TSource, 'TKey>(keySelector))
let inline thenBy (keySelector:'TSource->'TKey) source = System.Linq.Enumerable.ThenBy(source, System.Func<'TSource, 'TKey>(keySelector))
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And this is the basis for FSharp.Interop.Compose we can make .NET BCL api's
that have idiomatic F# behavior look, read, write like idiomatic F# api's.
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open Composable.Linq
type Person = { FirstName : string; LastName: string; }
[
{FirstName="Stella"; LastName="Gibson"}
{FirstName = "Paul"; LastName = "Spector"}
{FirstName = "Danielle"; LastName = "Ferrington"}
{FirstName = "Olivia"; LastName = "Spector"}
]
|> Enumerable.orderByDescending (fun x -> x.LastName)
|> Enumerable.thenBy (fun x -> x.FirstName)
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output:
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val it : OrderedEnumerable<Person, string> =
seq [{FirstName = "Olivia"; LastName = "Spector";};
{FirstName = "Paul"; LastName = "Spector";};
{FirstName = "Stella"; LastName = "Gibson";};
{FirstName = "Danielle"; LastName = "Ferrington";}]
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See also these StackOverflow questions


--- layout: default title: The Edison Schools Network ---
This project was last updated on 31 July 2018


Cop killer faces family during penalty phase
by Tim WillertEarlier coverage:
SHAWNEE — Siblings of slain Tecumseh police officer Justin Terney confronted the man who killed their brother Tuesday, telling Byron Shepard he broke their hearts and changed their lives forever.
"I still don't know why people choose to take a life. I don't know if we ever will," a tearful Corey Terney told jurors who will decide whether Shepard lives or dies. "I do know that I cannot forgive the person who took my brother's life."
Tonisha Rapp cried while she recalled standing by her brother's hospital bed and hearing the words "there's nothing more that we can do."
"I watched the life drain out of him while we all stood there, talking, crying, begging him not to go," she testified. "I watched his body turn ashy as he died."
Rapp said her brother "took the burden of interacting with dangerous people" and was executed "for no real reason."
 "And a hero that this heinous criminal will never take away from him."
Nicole Marks said her baby brother dreamed of becoming a police officer.
"Byron Shepard ended Justin's life, ended Justin's dream," Marks told jurors.
The victim impact statements were entered into evidence during the penalty phase of Shepard's trial, which continues Wednesday in the courtroom of Pottawatomie County District Judge John G. Canavan Jr.
Prosecutors are seeking the death penalty as punishment for Shepard, 38, of Okemah. He was convicted Monday of killing Terney, 22, on March 26, 2017, following a traffic stop and chase on foot.
They allege Shepard is a "continuing threat to society."
"Doing what's right isn't always easy, but it's always right," prosecutor Pattye High told jurors. "At the conclusion of this case, I submit to you there will be one sentence that represents justice. And jail isn't an option for Byron Shepard."
In her opening statement, public defender Rayven Sealy told jurors they deserve to know more about Shepard before making such a "heavy decision."
"There are things that you will hear in mitigation. They are not offered as an excuse for what happened," Sealy said. "It's an explanation.
Also Tuesday, a convicted felon and two former love interests testified about physical abuse they suffered at the hands of Shepard.
The felon, Christopher Buxton, said Shepard beat him with a pipe or an aluminum bat in 2011. Prosecutors alleged Shepard lured Buxton to a woman's house by sending him a text message from her phone.

Two women, including an ex-wife, told jurors Shepard routinely beat them when he used methamphetamine.
One of the witnesses recalled Shepard choking her until she "passed out" and said he once kicked her so hard "I went down the stairs" while holding the couple's baby.
A third woman testified about Shepard pointing a rifle at her during a dispute in 2007 when the woman was pregnant.
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Adequate registration
How many assets are adequately registered?
Required fields
Field
Percentage filled


This page allow you to dynamically re-adjust the calibration value of PulseController, PCA9685 or MM1. Please note that after finding the desire value, you need to update the value in myconfig.py manually
Simply use +/- and your steering will be adjusted incrementally
After adjusting the throttle value, use the up arrow will trigger a 5 seconds (default, configurable below) full throttle to test the result


The Fire Nation is the second largest nation and home to both firebenders and nonbenders alike, though firebenders were sometimes held in higher respect than nonbenders. It is located on an archipelago of islands located in the western hemisphere of the planet and is the most advanced of the four nations, with steam and gas power.[5] It started out with a huge fleet of industrial war ships,[6] and later on adopted the use of airships[7] into its military. The Fire Nation is also diverse in landscape, featuring many volcanic islands in its archipelago and on the mainland, as well as a tropical climate. It also has the world's most popular vacation spot, Ember Island.[5] The country is an absolute monarchy and could even be called a dictatorship. In 0 AG, the Hundred Year War was started by Fire Lord Sozin, using his country's advanced technologies.[8] During the Hundred Year War, its people were oppressed and fed propaganda by rulers Sozin, Azulon, and Ozai. However, in 100 AG, the Fire Nation's conquest was ended and a new era of peace began, with Zuko as the new leader.
For more information about the fire nation, click here!
Or go back to the Button Page!


Banisteriopsis caapi & Cacti - T. pachanoi
A while back at an outdoor festival in California, I with some freinds boiled down some San Pedro. After having discovered that we had the weak variety that is only mildy psychoactive on its own, we decided to try it again with some caapi vine that we had purchased.
It took half and hour to an hour for the initial effects to realy start comming on. I felt none of the nausea that I have read about with the syrian rue and pedro reports....though this paticular cactus was not nearly as bitter as some of the others we had experimented with in the past. Nobody threw up.
The initial sensation was one of expanded consciousness and euphoria. I felt intense energy in my heart, and throughout my nervous system. This mixture felt more like e, except on a higher vibrational level of the heart and mind, rather then the body and heart.
It got alot more powerful. The energy I felt was intense. I felt like my mind and heart opened up, and I was experiencing all kinds of energy in myself and people around me. It wasnt especially visual, but was incredibly euphoric. It was definitely a psychedelic as far as its effects on my psyche, but it was more of an internal psychedelic rather then a visual one. It definitely changed my perception....
The next day I felt great. Better then great, I was relaxed, happy, and content with the same energy presence that I felt in my solar plexus area. The afterglow lasted two more days, and felt good the entire time without any real hangover.
I recomend this mixture over the rue San Pedro one. The only thing I would recomend is watching dosage, as overdose is definitely possible if one is using the same amount of cactus one would be using without the MAOI.
A friend of mine had said....'I could be higher....but not much'.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


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--- layout: post title: Convergence is a Gold Mine But the Riches are in the Platform date: '2012-04-11T21:27:19-07:00' tags: tumblr_url: http://alexhwilliams.tumblr.com/post/20949365309/convergence-is-a-gold-mine-but-the-riches-are-in-the ---
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