| 1 |
Li_C_2016 |
Conformational Flexibility of a Short Loop near the Active Site of the SARS-3CLpro is Essential to Maintain Catalytic Activity |
Li, Chunmei; Teng, Xin; Qi, Yifei; Tang, Bo; Shi, Hailing; Ma, Xiaomin; Lai, Luhua |
2016 |
2016-02-16 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC4754693 |
26879383.0 |
10.1038/srep20918 |
n69iewmx |
0.969180 |
|
Someya_2008, Kanitz_2019, Wei_P_2006, Hu_T_2009 |
| 2 |
Chen_2010 |
Liberation of SARS-CoV main protease from the viral polyprotein: N-terminal autocleavage does not depend on the mature dimerization mode |
Chen, Shuai; Jonas, Felix; Shen, Can; Higenfeld, Rolf |
2010 |
2010-01-01 |
PMC |
N |
PMC4875104 |
21203998.0 |
10.1007/s13238-010-0011-4 |
6kkzh1tp |
0.892804 |
Yang_2010 |
Piñón_1997 |
| 3 |
Zhong_2009 |
C-terminal domain of SARS-CoV main protease can form a 3D domain-swapped dimer |
Zhong, Nan; Zhang, Shengnan; Xue, Fei; Kang, Xue; Zou, Peng; Chen, Jiaxuan; Liang, Chao; Rao, Zihe; Jin, Changwen; Lou, Zhiyong; Xia, Bin |
2009 |
2009-01-01 |
PMC |
N |
PMC2762595 |
19319935.0 |
10.1002/pro.76 |
3xc9y5mo |
0.822553 |
Sato_2019 |
Tsai_2010 |
| 4 |
Lim_L_2014 |
Dynamically-Driven Enhancement of the Catalytic Machinery of the SARS 3C-Like Protease by the S284-T285-I286/A Mutations on the Extra Domain |
Lim, Liangzhong; Shi, Jiahai; Mu, Yuguang; Song, Jianxing |
2014 |
2014-07-18 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC4103764 |
25036652.0 |
10.1371/journal.pone.0101941 |
u9zazctj |
0.821035 |
|
Someya_2008, Shi_J_2011, Kanitz_2019, Buller_2012 |
| 5 |
Shi_J_2011 |
Dynamically-Driven Inactivation of the Catalytic Machinery of the SARS 3C-Like Protease by the N214A Mutation on the Extra Domain |
Shi, Jiahai; Han, Nanyu; Lim, Liangzhong; Lua, Shixiong; Sivaraman, J.; Wang, Lushan; Mu, Yuguang; Song, Jianxing |
2011 |
2011-02-24 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC3044768 |
21390281.0 |
10.1371/journal.pcbi.1001084 |
2beyphz7 |
0.802340 |
|
Someya_2008, Piñón_1997, Kanitz_2019, Cheng_2010 |
| 6 |
Shi_J_2006 |
The catalysis of the SARS 3C‐like protease is under extensive regulation by its extra domain |
Shi, Jiahai; Song, Jianxing |
2006 |
2006-02-08 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7164011 |
16478476.0 |
10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05130.x |
w00rcvd8 |
0.739967 |
|
|
| 7 |
Zheng_2006 |
Insight into the activity of SARS main protease: Molecular dynamics study of dimeric and monomeric form of enzyme |
Zheng, Kewen; Ma, Guozheng; Zhou, Jinming; Zen, Min; Zhao, Wenna; Jiang, Yongjun; Yu, Qingsen; Feng, Jialiang |
2006 |
2006-11-02 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7167853 |
17083088.0 |
10.1002/prot.21160 |
d2algx16 |
0.734523 |
|
|
| 8 |
Zhang_2010 |
Three-dimensional domain swapping as a mechanism to lock the active conformation in a super-active octamer of SARS-CoV main protease |
Zhang, Shengnan; Zhong, Nan; Xue, Fei; Kang, Xue; Ren, Xiaobai; Chen, Jiaxuan; Jin, Changwen; Lou, Zhiyong; Xia, Bin |
2010 |
2010-04-01 |
PMC |
N |
PMC4875095 |
21203949.0 |
10.1007/s13238-010-0044-8 |
gdmp0re0 |
0.723029 |
|
Zhong_2009, Lee_T_2007, Kanitz_2019, Tsai_2010 |
| 9 |
Lim_L_2019 |
Structurally- and dynamically-driven allostery of the chymotrypsin-like proteases of SARS, Dengue and Zika viruses |
Lim, Liangzhong; Gupta, Garvita; Roy, Amrita; Kang, Jian; Srivastava, Shagun; Shi, Jiahai; Song, Jianxing |
2019 |
2019-05-31 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7111307 |
30217495.0 |
10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2018.08.009 |
3aydbdmu |
0.704013 |
Vaughan_2012 |
Tsai_2010, Someya_2008, Yu_L_2017 |
| 10 |
Tsai_2010 |
Essential covalent linkage between the chymotrypsin-like domain and the extra domain of the SARS-CoV main protease |
Tsai, Meng-Ying; Chang, Wei-Hsin; Liang, Jin-Yi; Lin, Long-Liu; Chang, Gu-Gang; Chang, Hui-Ping |
2010 |
2010-08-28 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7110190 |
20587646.0 |
10.1093/jb/mvq071 |
w2q5468y |
0.701332 |
Sato_2019 |
Piñón_1997 |
| 11 |
Zhang_2010 |
(1)H, (13)C and (15)N resonance assignments of SARS-CoV main protease N-terminal domain |
Zhang, Shengnan; Zhong, Nan; Ren, Xiaobai; Jin, Changwen; Xia, Bin |
2010 |
2010-12-23 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7091140 |
21181312.0 |
10.1007/s12104-010-9287-9 |
iy57tjx5 |
0.626490 |
Yang_2010 |
Zhong_2009, Lee_T_2007 |
| 12 |
Guy_J_2005 |
Identification of critical active‐site residues in angiotensin‐converting enzyme‐2 (ACE2) by site‐directed mutagenesis |
Guy, Jodie L.; Jackson, Richard M.; Jensen, Hanne A.; Hooper, Nigel M.; Turner, Anthony J. |
2005 |
2005-07-19 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7164114 |
16008552.0 |
10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04756.x |
hext9jv8 |
0.592836 |
|
|
| 13 |
Ho_B_2015 |
Critical Assessment of the Important Residues Involved in the Dimerization and Catalysis of MERS Coronavirus Main Protease |
Ho, Bo-Lin; Cheng, Shu-Chun; Shi, Lin; Wang, Ting-Yun; Ho, Kuan-I; Chou, Chi-Yuan |
2015 |
2015-12-14 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC4682845 |
26658006.0 |
10.1371/journal.pone.0144865 |
ipi81ce3 |
0.588588 |
|
Lin_M_2014 |
| 14 |
Aeksiri_2017 |
Structural insights into type I and type II of nsp4 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (nsp4 PRRSV) by molecular dynamics simulations |
Aeksiri, Niran; Jantafong, Tippawan |
2017 |
2017-06-30 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7110526 |
28411461.0 |
10.1016/j.jmgm.2017.03.015 |
wsd30c6f |
0.587777 |
|
|
| 15 |
Lin_M_2014 |
Structural and functional characterization of MERS coronavirus papain-like protease |
Lin, Min-Han; Chuang, Shang-Ju; Chen, Chiao-Che; Cheng, Shu-Chun; Cheng, Kai-Wen; Lin, Chao-Hsiung; Sun, Chiao-Yin; Chou, Chi-Yuan |
2014 |
2014-06-04 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC4051379 |
24898546.0 |
10.1186/1423-0127-21-54 |
fb04slz0 |
0.576586 |
|
Yu_L_2017 |
| 16 |
Chen_2008 |
Residues on the Dimer Interface of SARS Coronavirus 3C-like Protease: Dimer Stability Characterization and Enzyme Catalytic Activity Analysis |
Chen, Shuai; Zhang, Jian; Hu, Tiancen; Chen, Kaixian; Jiang, Hualiang; Shen, Xu |
2008 |
2008-01-07 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7109808 |
18182387.0 |
10.1093/jb/mvm246 |
m6iocvo7 |
0.559010 |
|
Wei_P_2006, Hu_T_2009, Someya_2008, Kanitz_2019 |
| 17 |
ZHOU_2008 |
A cysteine-rich metal-binding domain from rubella virus non-structural protein is essential for viral protease activity and virus replication |
ZHOU, Yubin; TZENG, Wen-Pin; YE, Yiming; HUANG, Yun; LI, Shunyi; CHEN, Yanyi; FREY, Teryl K.; YANG, Jenny J. |
2008 |
2008-12-23 |
PMC |
N |
PMC2908387 |
18795894.0 |
10.1042/bj20081468 |
z7z7sf7b |
0.515378 |
Yang_2010 |
|
| 18 |
Cheng_2010 |
Mutation of Glu-166 Blocks the Substrate-Induced Dimerization of SARS Coronavirus Main Protease |
Cheng, Shu-Chun; Chang, Gu-Gang; Chou, Chi-Yuan |
2010 |
2010-04-07 |
None |
N |
PMC2849084 |
20371333.0 |
10.1016/j.bpj.2009.12.4272 |
xrb8zibf |
0.507143 |
Sato_2019 |
Wei_P_2006, Someya_2008, van_der_Linden_2014 |
| 19 |
Wu_C_2013 |
Mechanism for controlling the monomer–dimer conversion of SARS coronavirus main protease |
Wu, Cheng‐Guo; Cheng, Shu‐Chun; Chen, Shiang‐Chuan; Li, Juo‐Yan; Fang, Yi‐Hsuan; Chen, Yau‐Hung; Chou, Chi‐Yuan |
2013 |
2013-05-01 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7161611 |
23633583.0 |
10.1107/s0907444913001315 |
baqlezoj |
0.496192 |
Sato_2019 |
|
| 20 |
Phakthanakanok_2009 |
A computational analysis of SARS cysteine proteinase-octapeptide substrate interaction: implication for structure and active site binding mechanism |
Phakthanakanok, Krongsakda; Ratanakhanokchai, Khanok; Kyu, Khin Lay; Sompornpisut, Pornthep; Watts, Aaron; Pinitglang, Surapong |
2009 |
2009-01-30 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC2648740 |
19208150.0 |
10.1186/1471-2105-10-s1-s48 |
8necodtw |
0.482480 |
|
Wei_P_2006, Zhu_L_2011, Niu_C_2008, Lee_T_2007 |
| 21 |
Wei_P_2006 |
The N-terminal octapeptide acts as a dimerization inhibitor of SARS coronavirus 3C-like proteinase |
Wei, Ping; Fan, Keqiang; Chen, Hao; Ma, Liang; Huang, Changkang; Tan, Lei; Xi, Dong; Li, Chunmei; Liu, Ying; Cao, Aoneng; Lai, Luhua |
2006 |
2006-01-20 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7092940 |
16329994.0 |
10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.11.102 |
67brxejx |
0.468783 |
Yang_2010 |
Cheng_2010, van_der_Linden_2014, Someya_2008 |
| 22 |
Lei_J_2016 |
Structural and mutational analysis of the interaction between the Middle-East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) papain-like protease and human ubiquitin |
Lei, Jian; Hilgenfeld, Rolf |
2016 |
2016-05-30 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7090527 |
27245450.0 |
10.1007/s12250-016-3742-4 |
4cgrjnjo |
0.451897 |
Sato_2019 |
|
| 23 |
Hu_T_2009 |
Two adjacent mutations on the dimer interface of SARS coronavirus 3C-like protease cause different conformational changes in crystal structure |
Hu, Tiancen; Zhang, Yu; Li, Lianwei; Wang, Kuifeng; Chen, Shuai; Chen, Jing; Ding, Jianping; Jiang, Hualiang; Shen, Xu |
2009 |
2009-06-05 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7103376 |
19409595.0 |
10.1016/j.virol.2009.03.034 |
qk8g4c7e |
0.450618 |
|
Someya_2008, Chen_2008, Wei_P_2006, Cheng_2010 |
| 24 |
Guan_2010 |
Structures of two elapid snake venom metalloproteases with distinct activities highlight the disulfide patterns in the D domain of ADAMalysin family proteins |
Guan, Hong-Hsiang; Goh, King-Siang; Davamani, Fabian; Wu, Po-Long; Huang, Yen-Wei; Jeyakanthan, Jeyaraman; Wu, Wen-guey; Chen, Chun-Jung |
2010 |
2010-03-31 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7129284 |
19932752.0 |
10.1016/j.jsb.2009.11.009 |
rwqo6b8x |
0.449600 |
|
Tsai_2010 |
| 25 |
Chou_2012 |
Differential domain structure stability of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus papain-like protease |
Chou, Ya-Wen; Cheng, Shu-Chun; Lai, Hsing-Yi; Chou, Chi-Yuan |
2012 |
2012-04-15 |
None |
N |
PMC7094420 |
22391227.0 |
10.1016/j.abb.2012.02.015 |
px6dfzz4 |
0.436435 |
|
Yu_L_2017, Tsai_2010 |
| 26 |
Barrila_2006 |
Long Range Cooperative Interactions Modulate Dimerization in SARS 3CL(pro) |
Barrila, Jennifer; Bacha, Usman; Freire, Ernesto |
2006 |
2006-12-01 |
PMC |
N |
PMC2570436 |
17154528.0 |
10.1021/bi0616302 |
fxz80tr1 |
0.331026 |
Vaughan_2012 |
Wei_P_2006, Cheng_2010, Barrila_2010 |
| 27 |
Anand_2002 |
Structure of coronavirus main proteinase reveals combination of a chymotrypsin fold with an extra α-helical domain |
Anand, Kanchan; Palm, Gottfried J.; Mesters, Jeroen R.; Siddell, Stuart G.; Ziebuhr, John; Hilgenfeld, Rolf |
2002 |
2002-07-01 |
PMC |
N |
PMC126080 |
12093723.0 |
10.1093/emboj/cdf327 |
2sfqsfm1 |
0.330605 |
Sato_2019 |
Piñón_1997, Tsai_2010, Rozanov_1995 |
| 28 |
Xia_B_2011 |
Activation and maturation of SARS-CoV main protease |
Xia, Bin; Kang, Xue |
2011 |
2011-04-01 |
PMC |
N |
PMC4875205 |
21533772.0 |
10.1007/s13238-011-1034-1 |
0oh701o3 |
0.324597 |
|
|
| 29 |
Hilgenfeld_2014 |
From SARS to MERS: crystallographic studies on coronaviral proteases enable antiviral drug design |
Hilgenfeld, Rolf |
2014 |
2014-08-11 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7163996 |
25039866.0 |
10.1111/febs.12936 |
ac6m1uwp |
0.324002 |
|
|
| 30 |
Thangapandian_2012 |
Structural Origins for the Loss of Catalytic Activities of Bifunctional Human LTA4H Revealed through Molecular Dynamics Simulations |
Thangapandian, Sundarapandian; John, Shalini; Lazar, Prettina; Choi, Sun; Lee, Keun Woo |
2012 |
2012-07-25 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC3405069 |
22848428.0 |
10.1371/journal.pone.0041063 |
w9iwmqgq |
0.323461 |
|
Buller_2012, Someya_2008, Kanitz_2019, Yin_J_2007 |
| 31 |
Barrila_2010 |
Mutation of Asn28 disrupts the dimerization and enzymatic activity of SARS 3CL(pro) |
Barrila, Jennifer; Gabelli, Sandra B.; Bacha, Usman; Amzel, L. Mario; Freire, Ernesto |
2010 |
2010-05-25 |
PMC |
N |
PMC2877132 |
20420403.0 |
10.1021/bi1002585 |
iccni6od |
0.313476 |
|
Wei_P_2006, Barrila_2006, Cheng_2010 |


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Entertainment
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About
Here at EventSMS we strive to provide users with the best experience to find local events near by. We do this by getting to know our users and their preferences. We all come to work every day because we want to solve the biggest problem online. Everyone guessing. Our mission at EventSMS is to make searching for multiple events near by easier than 1, 2, 3. We have achieved the most effortless way to search for the things you love in your city. Our dream is to make this available to as many people as possible so they will be able to enjoy these perks as well.


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BST Visualization
Contents
Binary Search Tree
AVL Tree
Weak AVL Tree
Bottom-Up Red-Black Tree
Top-Down Red-Black Tree
Left-Leaning Red-Black Tree
AA Tree
Bottom-Up Splay Tree
Top-Down Splay Tree
Scapegoat Tree
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Source code on GitHub


Successful Test
When we run the
test_divisors
module we get these results, where each dot represents a successful test:
..
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.025s
OK
|
|
Test with Errors
Now, let's change the code as follows:
|
|
→
|
line 13: divisors = [num]
|
|
When the tests are executed, the following results are reported:
FF
======================================================================
FAIL: test_divisors_example_1 (__main__.TestDivisors)
Test get_divisors with 8 and [1, 2, 3].
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test_divisors.py", line 13, in test_divisors_example_1
self.assertEqual(actual, expected)
AssertionError: Lists differ: [8, 1, 2] != [1, 2]
First differing element 0:
8
1
First list contains 1 additional elements.
First extra element 2:
2
- [8, 1, 2]
? ---
+ [1, 2]
======================================================================
FAIL: test_divisors_example_2 (__main__.TestDivisors)
Test get_divisors with 4 and [-2, 0, 2].
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test_divisors.py", line 20, in test_divisors_example_2
self.assertEqual(actual, expected)
AssertionError: Lists differ: [4, -2, 2] != [-2, 2]
First differing element 0:
4
-2
First list contains 1 additional elements.
First extra element 2:
2
- [4, -2, 2]
? ---
+ [-2, 2]
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.018s
FAILED (failures=2)
|
|
This time, we get a lot of feedback!
We see:
- 2 Fs instead of 2 dots: [
FF
]
- the name of the method that has the failure: [
(FAIL: test_divisors_example_1(__main__.TestDivisors)
]
- the failed method's docstring: [
Test get_divisors with 8 and [1, 2, 3]
]
- a traceback, which is the series of function and method calls that led to the error: [
Traceback (most recent call last):...
]
- the
AssertionError
, including the expected and actual values: [AssertionError: Lists differ: [8, 1, 2] != [1, 2]
]
- details about the problems: [
First differing element 0:...
]
- a summary of the results: [
FAILED (failures=2)
]
Let's fix that bug and introduce a different one:
divisors = [num]
for item in possible_divisors:
if item != 0 and num % item == 0:
if num % item == 0:
divisors.append(item)
return divisors
|
|
→
|
divisors = []
for item in possible_divisors:
# if item != 0 and num % item == 0:
if num % item == 0:
divisors.append(item)
return divisors
|
|
When the tests are executed, the following results are reported:
.E
======================================================================
ERROR: test_divisors_example_2 (__main__.TestDivisors)
Test get_divisors with 4 and [-2, 0, 2].
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test_divisors.py", line 18, in test_divisors_example_2
actual = divisors.get_divisors(4, [-2, 0, 2])
File "divisors.py", line 16, in get_divisors
if num % item == 0:
ZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.048s
FAILED (errors=1)
|
|
One test passed and a zero division error occured when the other test was executed. Instead of an F
, which indicates an incorrect assertion, we see an E
. The E
indicates that a call on function get_divisors()
resulted in an error.
Again, the results include the method name, docstring, and a traceback. This time the traceback shows us several steps:
on line 18, get_divisors
was called:
File "test_divisors.py", line 18, in test_divisors_example_2
actual = divisors.get_divisors(4, [-2, 0, 2])
on line 16, in function get_divisors
, the code num % item == 0:
results in a ZeroDivisionError
:
File "divisors.py", line 16, in get_divisors
if num % item == 0:
ZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero
By using unittest
instead of doctest
, we separate the testing of the function from the function definition, which allows us to write a lot of tests without affecting readability of the code.
Typically, we will write:
- one
TestCase
subclass for each function we want to test, and
- one test method for each function call.


Long long time ago, at the very start of web development, I found myself developing multi-tier web applications for PBX diagnostics. It was 1999 or something like that, bug 2000 was the new hot buzzword. But silly me, I thought that the world will last and that web programming is the next big thing, so I took the project, it was a big, huge company at the time they had a very nice market share in the PBX market at north america and they had a detailed description of a project that was about to use Java applets that communicates with a PBX and displays technical information to the user, so I took the project but I realized that web development will be match easy to implement and that it is more of the way I wanted to work.
So that was my first project in the world of web application, and it had all the good stuff, it had Javascript dynamically pulling data from the device on the network, and showing that data changes in real time, also provided a way to store in a database and query it according to very precise spec. A really great project for me to learn, but who cared how it looked? it was already science fiction, so I didn't master the css classes and all the styling stuff. Later on in my career I remembered that I didn't really know this styling stuff. Until now, That's it I set down to have a project that is all css, and styling, I styled it up from the start, I could do it in React or Angular or Vue, as it could be a project dedicated to learn more about those technologies, but I needed to break the css glass ceiling!
Have you heard the cracking glass sound?


Greek Tennis Player Tsitsipas Wins ATP Finals Against Austria's Thiem
MOSCOW (Sputnik) - Greek tennis player Stefanos Tsitsipas won on Sunday the final tournament of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP), beating Austria's Dominic Thiem in the finals.
Sixth-seeded Tsisipas, 21, beat fifth-seeded Thiem, 25 with the score 6-7 (6-8), 6-2, 7-6 (7-4).
The match, which was held at the O2 Arena in London, lasted 2 hours 36 minutes.
This was the debut of Tsisipas in ATP Finals.
The ATP Finals, in which eight top-ranked players take part, is the fifth most important tennis tournament after the four Grand Slams. Unlike most other tennis tournaments with knock-out system, it consists of a group stage, semifinals, and the final match.


Daylight saving time ends: Did you remember to 'fall back'?
by Cox Media Group National Content DeskIt's time to "fall back" again.
Daylight saving time came to a close at 2 a.m. Sunday, which means you need to set your clocks back one hour if you haven't already. (That is, unless you live in Hawaii or most parts of Arizona, which do not observe the time change.)
So hit the snooze button, enjoy that extra hour of sleep and start adjusting to your fall schedule. You won't have to "spring forward" an hour until daylight saving time returns March 8, 2020.


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INGRESSIVE
CURATED MARKET ACCESS FOR VCS, ANGELS AND CORPORATES.
Learn moreIngressive is a market entry firm for global businesses and investment groups. Our direct access to a wide network of technical talent, founders, and other local partners offers our clients an unmatched view into the realities of doing business in “Silicon Africa”, access to hard-to-reach customer segments, and investment opportunities. As Africa's technology ecosystem “architect”, Ingressive also nurtures valuable relationships that enable the channeling of much needed resources to areas capable of the most impact. Ingressive is a tech integration firm. We are ecosystem architects here to empower and grow the new generation of African innovators. Ingressive has partnered with companies like Google, Facebook, GitHub, Andela, Techstars, Y Combinator, looking to interact with developers and educate them on their products and gain feedback from their usage.
Learn more
This program is primarily sponsored by our partners e.g GitHub, Figma, hence, Ingressive Campus make use
of
their tools and encourage members of their communities to do the same as they build amazing projects
leveraging
on partner platforms.
ICA-FULOKOJA is a platform for growth and development of future world-class developers, designers, CTOs,
founders and CEOs, to learn from industry subject matter experts, share knowledge, network, build the
community
and gain from the many great opportunities attached to the program.
We are an active community of tech enthusiasts - including designers and developers committed to building
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Not enough density for hwy
by Wayne MooreKelowna city council was faced with a housing dilemma Monday.
Protect the integrity of Harvey Avenue, of approve a low density development that goes against what the city is trying to build up along its major corridor.
Council chose the former and unanimously said no to a proposed eight-unit, ground-oriented project on a single half acre piece of property just to the east of Richter Street.
"The clear intent for the area is to allow for larger apartment building," said planner Laura Bentley.
"We see this development pattern reflected along Harvey Avenue, with Central Green to the west, Executive House, the Evergreens, the Dorchester and Cambridge House to the north of Harvey Avenue."
Most on council stated they were torn between adding some much needed "missing middle" housing, and protecting the highway for more density, but ultimately sided with density.
Coun. Ryan Donn said while the city is transitioning to a new OCP, landowners are buying land based on the current document.
"I worry we are going to knock out a lot of the landowners within their financial capacity to develop if we require that level of development," he said.
"It sets the stage for only the largest developers in town to afford the capacity to build that out, versus the person next door who essentially has to knock down and built a duplex or four units."
Coun. Brad Sieben wondered if the proposal before them was turned down, would a duplex be imminent.
"I too am torn," added Coun. Loyal Wooldridge.
"For me, looking forward into the future, it's really looking at how we can maximize density on our major transportation routes. As we look to manage our transportation moving forward, I think it's essential that we continue to maximize that."
"Right project - wrong location," said Coun. Gail Given.


{% extends 'base.html' %} {% load staticfiles %} {% block title %}Task Demo{% endblock %} {% block main %}
Click the button below to start a sample Foci task. The demo will open in a new tab and includes the features listed below.
The demo will start at a page designed to simulate the Amazon Mechanical Turk environment. This includes a link to the actual task on our website, a box to input the completion code, and a submit button. This tab should remain open when you start the task, so you can come back and enter your unique key.
The prescreen task tests if the participant is actively looking at the content of the task and has basic understanding. The participant will not be able to continue to the practice/tasks until they correctly answer all questions. If they are unable to correctly answer all questions, they will be forced to either return or abandon the HIT, which does not negatively affect their Mechanical Turk statistics.
The practice task allows the participant to familiarize themself with the actual task. This consists of questions that are similar to the actual task. They will be the same for each foci task.
The Foci Task randomizes the columns presented to the user. The randomization is based on a key generated from their username. They will enter their answers for the columns. There is no validation for these columns, because some cells are blank. Workers have the option of switching between the columns.
The task completion page will contain a unique key that workers need to enter into the initial Mechanical Turk Template page.


Error 500
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{include file='public/header' /}
{include file='public/head' /} {include file='public/left' /}
{include file='public/script' /}


BIG DADDY (PG). (Columbia Tristar) Director: Dennis Dugan Stars: Adam Sandler, Joey Lauren Adams, Jon Stewart, Allen Covert, Rob Scneider, Kristy Swanson, Joe Bologna, Josh Mostel, Leslie Mann, Cole and Dylan Sprouse, Steve Buscemi, Peter Dante, Jonathan Loughran Running time: 95 minutes.
Many local reviewers have already unfairly dismissed this film before they have even seen it - purely because they dislike its star Adam Sandler. However, there are many people out there who seem to like Sandler's deliberately low brow, dumb brand of humour, and ultimately they will judge this film on its merits.
The romantic comedy The Wedding Singer showed a slightly different side to Sandler's talents, and appealed to a broader audience. While Big Daddy is not quite as enjoyable, it is still one of Sandler's more genial and pleasing efforts, and should also prove a big hit.
Sandler often plays the petulant, eternal adolescent who is eventually forced to grow up and face up to his responsibilities. Big Daddy takes this familiar premise, but adds a cute kid and some emotional punch to the trusty formula. Sandler plays Sonny Kouvacs, a law school graduate who prefers the easy life, living off a compensation deal from an old accident. His girl friend Vanessa (Kristy Swanson) despairs of him ever making a serious commitment to their relationship. When an accident of fate temporarily leaves Sonny in charge of five year old Julian (newcomers Cole and Dylan Sprouse), he finally sees fatherhood as a way of taking the next step in his life.
However, Vanessa has dumped him for an older man, leaving Sonny to raise the child alone. Although initially reluctant to take on any sort of responsibility, he gradually finds himself warming to the boy, and a relationship develops between the pair. Sonny finds that Julian's presence helps in establishing a meaningful relationship with beautiful lawyer Layla (Joey Lauren Adams, from Chasing Amy, etc), who happens to be the sister-in-law of his former room mate. Sonny is eventually forced to take the final step into long postponed adulthood when he has to step into a courtroom to fight for his right to adopt Julian.
Big Daddy has been written by Steve Franks, but Sandler and regular collaborator Tim Herlihy have tailored the material to suit the star's screen persona. There are no great surprises here, as Big Daddy is fairly formulaic stuff. There are plenty of jokes about urination, vomiting and other bodily functions, but it is all handled with surprising restraint given the nature of the material.
Dennis Dugan, who previously directed Sandler in Happy Gilmore, seems to know how to get the best out of his star. He draws a more restrained and thoughtful performance from Sandler. The Sprouse twins add to the cuteness factor with their irresistible, hugely endearing turn as Sonny's foster son, and they will play a major in the film's success. Steve Buscemi is wonderfully droll in a small role as a homeless derelict.
Big Daddy is often very funny. But it also has enough heart to appeal to audiences not usually drawn to Sandler's childish and often puerile sense of humour.
*** greg king http://www.netau.com.au/gregking
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Class: Layout::Grid
| Relationships | |
| Inherits: | Object |
Overview
Class that references a Document
‘s grid settings.
Instance Attribute Summary
-
#clip_to_margins=(clip)
rw
The #clip_to_margins= method sets whether or not the grid is clipped to the page margins.
-
#clip_to_margins? ⇒ Boolean
rw
The #clip_to_margins? method returns whether or not the grid is clipped to the page margins.
-
#in_front=(in_front)
rw
The #in_front= method sets whether or not the grid is drawn on top of entities.
-
#in_front? ⇒ Boolean
rw
The #in_front? method returns whether or not the grid is drawn on top of entities.
-
#major_color ⇒ Sketchup::Color
rw
The #major_color method returns the
::Sketchup::Color
for the major grid lines. -
#major_color=(color)
rw
The #major_color= method sets the
::Sketchup::Color
for the major grid lines. -
#major_spacing ⇒ Numeric
rw
The #major_spacing method returns the major space size of the
Grid
. -
#major_spacing=(spacing)
rw
The #major_spacing= method sets the major space size of the
Grid
. -
#minor_color ⇒ Sketchup::Color
rw
The #minor_color method returns the
::Sketchup::Color
for the minor grid lines. -
#minor_color=(color)
rw
The #minor_color= method sets the
::Sketchup::Color
for the minor grid lines. -
#minor_divisions ⇒ Integer
rw
The #minor_divisions method returns the number of minor divisions of the
Grid
. -
#minor_divisions=(divisions)
rw
The #minor_divisions= method sets the number of minor divisions of the
Grid
. -
#print=(print)
rw
The #print= method sets whether or not the
Grid
is printed. -
#print? ⇒ Boolean
rw
The #print? method returns whether or not the
Grid
is printed. -
#show=(show)
rw
The #show= method sets whether or not the
Grid
is visible. -
#show? ⇒ Boolean
rw
The #show? method returns whether or not the
Grid
is visible. -
#show_major=(show)
rw
The #show_major= method sets whether or not the major grid lines are visible.
-
#show_major? ⇒ Boolean
rw
The #show_major? method returns whether or not the major grid lines are visible.
-
#show_minor=(show)
rw
The #show_minor= method sets whether or not the minor grid lines are visible.
-
#show_minor? ⇒ Boolean
rw
The #show_minor? method returns whether or not the minor grid lines are visible.
Instance Attribute Details
#clip_to_margins=(clip) (rw)
The #clip_to_margins=
method sets whether or not the grid is clipped to the page margins.
#clip_to_margins? ⇒ Boolean
(rw)
The #clip_to_margins?
method returns whether or not the grid is clipped to the page margins.
#in_front=(in_front) (rw)
The #in_front=
method sets whether or not the grid is drawn on top of entities.
#in_front? ⇒ Boolean
(rw)
The #in_front?
method returns whether or not the grid is drawn on top of entities.
#major_color ⇒ Sketchup::Color (rw)
The #major_color
method returns the ::Sketchup::Color
for the major grid lines.
#major_color=(color) (rw)
The #major_color=
method sets the ::Sketchup::Color
for the major grid lines.
#major_spacing ⇒ Numeric (rw)
The #major_spacing
method returns the major space size of the Grid
.
#major_spacing=(spacing) (rw)
The #major_spacing=
method sets the major space size of the Grid
.
#minor_color ⇒ Sketchup::Color (rw)
The #minor_color
method returns the ::Sketchup::Color
for the minor grid lines.
#minor_color=(color) (rw)
The #minor_color=
method sets the ::Sketchup::Color
for the minor grid lines.
#minor_divisions ⇒ Integer
(rw)
The #minor_divisions
method returns the number of minor divisions of the Grid
.
#minor_divisions=(divisions) (rw)
The #minor_divisions=
method sets the number of minor divisions of the Grid
.
#print=(print) (rw)
The #print=
method sets whether or not the Grid
is printed.
#print? ⇒ Boolean
(rw)
The #print?
method returns whether or not the Grid
is printed.
#show=(show) (rw)
The #show=
method sets whether or not the Grid
is visible.
#show? ⇒ Boolean
(rw)
The #show?
method returns whether or not the Grid
is visible.
#show_major=(show) (rw)
The #show_major=
method sets whether or not the major grid lines are visible.
#show_major? ⇒ Boolean
(rw)
The #show_major?
method returns whether or not the major grid lines are visible.
#show_minor=(show) (rw)
The #show_minor=
method sets whether or not the minor grid lines are visible.
#show_minor? ⇒ Boolean
(rw)
The #show_minor?
method returns whether or not the minor grid lines are visible.


Thank You for completing the test, Here are Your results
Your Personality type is ENTP
The personality test is based on Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
ENTPs are inspired innovators, motivated to find new solutions to intellectually challenging problems. They are curious and clever, and seek to comprehend the people, systems, and principles that surround them. Open-minded and unconventional, Visionaries want to analyze, understand, and influence other people.
 They use their quick wit and command of language to keep the upper hand with other people, often cheerfully poking fun at their habits and eccentricities. While the ENTP enjoys challenging others, in the end they are usually happy to live and let live. They are rarely judgmental, but they may have little patience for people who can't keep up.


PlatformModuleStates : StateMachine diagram
| Created: |
9/11/2012 11:26:01 AM |
| Modified: |
2/9/2017 9:36:36 AM |
| Project: |
|
| Author: |
renglputzeder |
| Version: |
1.0 |
| Advanced: |
|
| ID: |
{C3CE6155-F781-4947-8031-C29329C17EBA} |
Common module states which are generic for all .NET PlatformModules.

The state of Saber-Module is decoupled from any PLC-Module state because some Saber-Module might not have an underlying PLC-Module at all. A Saber-Module could consist a PLC-Module but also other components with it's own state.

This state machine should be generic. If more state are needed for a specific module, the substate can be used.


ostii suitable distribution environmental climate species areas habitat variables area current {border-style future px;} #ffffff;} growth model oil potential China Paeonia cultivation data suitability UV-B radiation used MaxEnt ostii. (). .–. RCP.- change ostii, scenario/year seed temperature tree km . × peony spatial Research occurrence plants soil analysis different global modeling plant precipitation px; records study using {font-family > China. Chinese Climate RCP. SDM acid distributions font-size growing high important information map yield <, (%) Beijing RCP.-. Zhang based changes combination crop cultivated double; ecological effects factors increase medicinal seeds (.%) (Bio) (Fig. (km ,,. .–., Bio Cheng Ecological Effects Future Hu, Liu Province Reports Scientific Shaanxi Table Total Wang border-color border-width ca. characteristics climatic development dormancy geographic indicated new precipitation, range showed solid; studies use value years {font-style {font-weight >. (.–.) (.–.), (Bio, (Table (average .%), Acta Bio, Commons Creative Figure Forestry Henan, Hubei, Inner Key Li, Modelling Plant Province) Provinces Science Sichuan Sichuan, University affect annual applied bold composition conditions courier; cultivars em; highly increased land main played predicted pt;} regions significantly suffruticosa temperature, test total training variable widely


Variable selection for latent class analysis for model-based clustering of multivariate categorical data. The package implements a general framework for selecting the subset of variables with relevant clustering information and discard those that are redundant and/or not informative. The variable selection method is based on the approach of Fop et al. (2017) <doi:10.1214/17-AOAS1061> and Dean and Raftery (2010) <doi:10.1007/s10463-009-0258-9>. Different algorithms are available to perform the selection: stepwise, swap-stepwise and evolutionary stochastic search. Concomitant covariates used to predict the class membership probabilities can also be included in the latent class analysis model. The selection procedure can be run in parallel on multiple cores machines.
| Version: | 1.1 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 3.4), poLCA (≥ 1.4.1) |
| Imports: | nnet, MASS, foreach, parallel, doParallel, GA, memoise |
| Suggests: | knitr (≥ 1.12), rmarkdown (≥ 1.2) |
| Published: | 2018-01-04 |
| Author: | Michael Fop [aut, cre], Thomas Brendan Murphy [ctb] |
| Maintainer: | Michael Fop <michael.fop at ucd.ie> |
| License: | GPL-2 | GPL-3 [expanded from: GPL (≥ 2)] |
| URL: | https://michaelfop.github.io/ |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Citation: | LCAvarsel citation info |
| Materials: | NEWS |
| In views: | Cluster, Psychometrics |
| CRAN checks: | LCAvarsel results |
| Reference manual: | LCAvarsel.pdf |
| Package source: | LCAvarsel_1.1.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: LCAvarsel_1.1.zip, r-release: LCAvarsel_1.1.zip, r-oldrel: LCAvarsel_1.1.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: LCAvarsel_1.1.tgz, r-oldrel: LCAvarsel_1.1.tgz |
| Old sources: | LCAvarsel archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=LCAvarsel to link to this page.


1 Data
This posts lists some great open-access data sets of public or broad interest. This list is by no means comprehensiv, it’s just a casual curation of interesting sources. Note that this post is not updated, so more frequent releases than documented here are possible.
You’ll find both links to repositories as well as to particular datasets, in no special order.
1.1 Licences
I tried to locate sources with permissible licences only, such as CC BY. But note that some or many of the following data sets may have a non-commerical licence of a completely different licence.
Check for yourself! I do not take any responsibilities.


Hi everyone
Is there a way to represent weather data (wind) using the flot plugin 'direction'?.
https://code.google.com/p/jquery-flot-direction/
http://jsfiddle.net/DrFiZ/kGaw8/4/
My programming skills are basic, so I could not figure out how to get data from two feeds [ Speed , Direction , timestamp ] and represent it in the same graph.
I have a weather station (wh1081) that sends data (weex) to a local install of emoncms, but the information of wind speed and direction is hard to read. When the wind blows from the south the graph moves between 375 and 22.5 degrees generating jumps making hard to correlate data.
Thanks for your help.
Luis C.
Re: Wind direction visualization
I spent a little time looking at this for my weather station, for my purposes a wind rose would be ideal but I've yet to find/design an implementation I can live with. For now I just graph wind speed and gust with a compass showing current wind direction for which I use the javascript from here https://code.google.com/p/jqueryrotate/.
Not really answering your question I know but it's good to share :)
Re: Wind direction visualization
Hi,
I'm working (slowly) on a shield for wind turbine measurement, And for the moment, I use highcharts library for test some visualizations.
If you want you can see example here :
http://desplanchesdepalette.org/colibri/Colibri_Energie.html
and my work here :
https://github.com/netbomo/alpha1 (sorry it's in french)
But for the moment it's very slow to download the page but I need to work on process for inputs. And after find how to draw windrose with emoncms.
have a good day
gilou
Re: Wind direction visualization
Hello ,
I am too also looking for a way to display the wind direction , I am downloading it from a local weatherstation with a numerical value of 0-360 , not so much as to make a rose but something like a compass needle widget to show the last reading, has anyone done this or able to help develope one?
Mike
Re: Wind direction visualization
I have unfortunately the RaspberryPi that provides the data is down at the moment however you're welcome to view the page and javascript source it's here http://speciesrace.com/weather.asp
Re: Wind direction visualization
Brain ,
Thats a little busy for what im wanting , id rather have a simple dial with a pointer in the direction of the wind such as a widget , wunderground has pretty much what im looking for as a visualisation,. Wind speed displayed in a circle with an arrow in the direction . Anyone know how to make this into a widget ?
Re: Wind direction visualization
So just change the images that are being shown and rotated for simpler ones of your choice, check the source of the page

Re: Wind direction visualization
This is my try at making a widget for compass.
Re: Wind direction visualization
New needle for the compass


{% extends 'base.html' %} {% load permissions owa site %} {% block site %} {% include "_messages.html" %} {% if DB_READ_ONLY %}
There is a temporary problem and Moztrap has been placed into a read-only state. You may browse information on the site but changes will not be saved. Please contact us in #moztrap for more information.


Class: Aws::ResourceExplorer2::Types::Index
| Relationships & Source Files | |
| Super Chains via Extension / Inclusion / Inheritance | |
|
Class Chain:
self,
Struct
|
|
|
Instance Chain:
self,
::Aws::Structure ,
Struct
|
|
| Inherits: |
Struct
|
| Defined in: | gems/aws-sdk-resourceexplorer2/lib/aws-sdk-resourceexplorer2/types.rb |
Overview
An index is the data store used by Amazon Web Services Resource
Explorer to hold information about your Amazon Web Services resources
that the service discovers. Creating an index in an Amazon Web
Services Region turns on Resource
Explorer and lets it discover your
resources.
By default, an index is local, meaning that it contains information
about resources in only the same Region as the index. However, you can
promote the index of one Region in the account by calling
UpdateIndexType to convert it into an aggregator index. The aggregator
index receives a replicated copy of the index information from all
other Regions where Resource
Explorer is turned on. This allows search
operations in that Region to return results from all Regions in the
account.
Constant Summary
Instance Attribute Summary
-
#arn ⇒ String
rw
The [Amazon resource name (ARN)][1] of the index.
-
#region ⇒ String
rw
The Amazon Web Services Region in which the index exists.
-
#type ⇒ String
rw
The type of index.
Instance Method Summary
::Aws::Structure
- Included
| #to_hash | Alias for Structure#to_h. |
Instance Attribute Details
#arn ⇒ String
(rw)
The Amazon resource name (ARN) of the index.
#region ⇒ String
(rw)
The Amazon Web Services Region in which the index exists.
#type ⇒ String
(rw)
The type of index. It can be one of the following values:
LOCAL – The index contains information about resources from only the same Amazon Web Services Region.
AGGREGATOR –
Resource
Explorer replicates copies of the indexed information about resources in all other Amazon Web Services Regions to the aggregator index. This lets search results in the Region with the aggregator index to include resources from all Regions in the account where Resource Explorer is turned on.


| 033:060 Khan | : |
If the hypocrites, and those in whose hearts is a disease (evil desire for adultery, etc.), and those who spread false news among the people in Al-Madinah, cease not, We shall certainly let you overpower them, then they will not be able to stay in it as your neighbours but a little while. |
| 033:060 Maulana | : |
If the hypocrites and those in whose hearts is a disease and the agitators in Madinah desist not, We shall certainly urge thee on against them, then they shall not be thy neighbours in it but for a little while -- |
| 033:060 Pickthal | : |
If the hypocrites, and those in whose hearts is a disease, and the alarmists in the city do not cease, We verily shall urge thee on against them, then they will be your neighbours in it but a little while. |
| 033:060 Rashad | : |
Unless the hypocrites, and those with disease in their hearts, and the vicious liars of the city refrain (from persecuting you), we will surely grant you the upper hand, then they will be forced to leave within a short while. |
| 033:060 Sarwar | : |
If the hypocrites, those whose hearts are sick and those who encourage the spread of evil in the city, will not desist, We shall arouse you against them and they will only be allowed to be your neighbors for a short while. |
| 033:060 Shakir | : |
If the hypocrites and those in whose hearts is a disease and the agitators in the city do not desist, We shall most certainly set you over them, then they shall not be your neighbors in it but for a little while; |
| 033:060 Sherali | : |
If the Hypocrites and those in whose hearts is a disease and those who cause agitation in the City by spreading false rumours, desist not, WE shall, surely, urge thee on against them; then they will not dwell therein as thy neighbours save for a little while. |
| 033:060 Yusufali | : |
Truly, if the Hypocrites, and those in whose hearts is a disease, and those who stir up sedition in the City, desist not, We shall certainly stir thee up against them: Then will they not be able to stay in it as thy neighbours for any length of time: |
Concepts/Themes Covered: أركان الإسلام > (محمد (صلى الله عليه وسلم > مآثره وخصائصه لله Pillars of Islam> The Blessed Muhammad(PBUH)> Memorable Qualities given to Him by Allah الإيمان > الإيمان بالله > النفاق Faith> Belief In Allah> Hypocrisy الجهاد > الأسرار الحربية > تناقل الأخبار Jihad> The Military Secrets> The News Transport الإنسان والعلاقات الأخلاقية > الأخلاق الذميمة > التشييع للأخبار الكاذبة Man and The Moral Relations>The Dispraised Morals>Promoting the False News
This tool uses eight English parallel translations for the Holy Quran imported from Mr. Clay Smith. You can also visit Qurany Concepts for browsing the Quran themes or topics. If you want to search the Holy Quran for keywords, please visit Qurany Keywords.


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You are here : Home > Quiz
1.What is the name of this character?
2.Whose weapon is this?
3.Whose weapon is this?
4.What is the name of this character?
5.What is the name of this movie?
6.From where thanos got the soul stone?
7.What is the name of the stone vision had?
8.What is this place called?
9.What is the relation of this character to thor?
10.Who is the first avenger ?
1.Name this superhero!
2.What is the name of super man dad ?
3.What is Batman's true identity?
4.What is The Flash's true identity?
5.Where is Superman's home?
6.What is the Superman logo a Kryptonian symbol for?
7.Who played Christopher Nolan's Joker?
8.What is the true identity of the Green Lantern?
9.What is Batman's super power ?
10.What Nationality is Wonder Woman?


--- layout: post title: 'The WWDC Bash is about to start #wwdc' date: 2010-06-11 05:09:01.000000000 -07:00 type: post published: true status: publish categories: [] tags: [] meta: {} author: ---
Shot with my Hipstamatic for iPhone
Lens: John S
Film: Ina's 1969
Flash: Off
Sent via iPhone


Static sparse graphs#
What is the point ?#
This class implements a Cython (di)graph structure made for efficiency. The graphs are static, i.e. no add/remove vertex/edges methods are available, nor can they easily or efficiently be implemented within this data structure.
The data structure, however, is made to save the maximum amount of computations for graph algorithms whose main operation is to list the out-neighbours of a vertex (which is precisely what BFS, DFS, distance computations and the flow-related stuff waste their life on).
The code contained in this module is written C-style. The purpose is efficiency and simplicity.
For an overview of graph data structures in sage, see
overview
.
Author:
Nathann Cohen (2011)
Data structure#
The data structure is actually pretty simple and compact. short_digraph
has
five fields
n
(int
); the number of vertices in the graphm
(int
); the number of edges in the graphedges
(uint32_t *
); array whose length is the number of edges of the graphneighbors
(uint32_t **
); this array has size \(n+1\), and describes how the data ofedges
should be read : the neighbors of vertex \(i\) are the elements ofedges
addressed byneighbors[i]...neighbors[i+1]-1
. The elementneighbors[n]
, which corresponds to no vertex (they are numbered from \(0\) to \(n-1\)) is present so that it remains easy to enumerate the neighbors of vertex \(n-1\) : the last of them is the element addressed byneighbors[n]-1
.edge_labels
(list
); this cython list associates a label to each edge of the graph. If a given edge is represented byedges[i]
, this its associated label can be found atedge_labels[i]
. This object is usually NULL, unless the call toinit_short_digraph
explicitly requires the labels to be stored in the data structure.
In the example given above, vertex 0 has 2,3,5,7,8 and 9 as out-neighbors, but
not 4, which is an out-neighbour of vertex 1. Vertex \(n-1\) has 2, 5, 8 and 9 as
out-neighbors. neighbors[n]
points toward the cell immediately after the
end of edges
, hence outside of the allocated memory. It is used to
indicate the end of the outneighbors of vertex \(n-1\)
Iterating over the edges
This is the one thing to have in mind when working with this data structure:
cdef list_edges(short_digraph g):
cdef int i, j
for i in range(g.n):
for j in range(g.neighbors[i+1]-g.neighbors[i]):
print("There is an edge from {} to {}".format(i, g.neighbors[i][j]))
Advantages
Two great points :
The neighbors of a vertex are C types, and are contiguous in memory.
Storing such graphs is incredibly cheaper than storing Python structures.
Well, I think it would be hard to have anything more efficient than that to enumerate out-neighbors in sparse graphs ! :-)
Technical details#
When creating a
short_digraph
from aGraph
orDiGraph
namedG
, the \(i^{\text{th}}\) vertex corresponds by default toG.vertices(sort=True)[i]
. Using optional parametervertex_list
, you can specify the order of the vertices. Then \(i^{\text{th}}\) vertex will corresponds tovertex_list[i]
.Some methods return
bitset_t
objects when lists could be expected. There is a very usefulbitset_list
function for this kind of problems :-)When the edges are labelled, most of the space taken by this graph is taken by edge labels. If no edge is labelled then this space is not allocated, but if any edge has a label then a (possibly empty) label is stored for each edge, which can double the memory needs.
The data structure stores the number of edges, even though it appears that this number can be reconstructed with
g.neighbors[n]-g.neighbors[0]
. The trick is that not all elements of theg.edges
array are necessarily used : when an undirected graph contains loops, only one entry of the array of size \(2m\) is used to store it, instead of the expected two. Storing the number of edges is the only way to avoid an uselessly costly computation to obtain the number of edges of an undirected, looped, AND labelled graph (think of several loops on the same vertex with different labels).The codes of this module are well documented, and many answers can be found directly in the code.
Cython functions#
|
Initialize |
|
Return the number of edges in |
|
Return the out-degree of vertex \(i\) in |
|
Test the existence of an edge. |
|
Return the label associated with a given edge |
|
Allocate |
|
Initialize |
|
Free the resources used by |
Connectivity
can_be_reached_from(short_digraph g, int src, bitset_t reached)
Assuming
bitset_t reached
has size at leastg.n
, this method updatesreached
so that it represents the set of vertices that can be reached fromsrc
ing
.
strongly_connected_component_containing_vertex(short_digraph g, short_digraph g_reversed, int v, bitset_t scc)
Assuming
bitset_t reached
has size at leastg.n
, this method updatesscc
so that it represents the vertices of the strongly connected component containingv
ing
. The variableg_reversed
is assumed to represent the reverse ofg
.
tarjan_strongly_connected_components_C(short_digraph g, int *scc)
Assuming
scc
is already allocated and has size at leastg.n
, this method computes the strongly connected components ofg
, and outputs inscc[v]
the number of the strongly connected component containingv
. It returns the number of strongly connected components.
strongly_connected_components_digraph_C(short_digraph g, int nscc, int *scc, short_digraph output):
Assuming
nscc
andscc
are the outputs oftarjan_strongly_connected_components_C
ong
, this routine setsoutput
to the strongly connected component digraph ofg
, that is, the vertices ofoutput
are the strongly connected components ofg
(numbers are provided byscc
), andoutput
contains an arc(C1,C2)
ifg
has an arc from a vertex inC1
to a vertex inC2
.
What is this module used for ?#
It is for instance used in the sage.graphs.distances_all_pairs
module,
and in the strongly_connected_components()
method.
Python functions#
These functions are available so that Python modules from Sage can call the Cython routines this module implements (as they cannot directly call methods with C arguments).
- sage.graphs.base.static_sparse_graph.spectral_radius(G, prec=1e-10)#
Return an interval of floating point number that encloses the spectral radius of this graph
The input graph
G
must be strongly connected.INPUT:
prec
– (default1e-10
) an upper bound for the relative precision of the interval
The algorithm is iterative and uses an inequality valid for non-negative matrices. Namely, if \(A\) is a non-negative square matrix with Perron-Frobenius eigenvalue \(\lambda\) then the following inequality is valid for any vector \(x\)
\[\min_i \frac{(Ax)_i}{x_i} \leq \lambda \leq \max_i \frac{(Ax)_i}{x_i}\]Note
The speed of convergence of the algorithm is governed by the spectral gap (the distance to the second largest modulus of other eigenvalues). If this gap is small, then this function might not be appropriate.
The algorithm is not smart and not parallel! It uses basic interval arithmetic and native floating point arithmetic.
EXAMPLES:
sage: from sage.graphs.base.static_sparse_graph import spectral_radius sage: G = DiGraph([(0,0),(0,1),(1,0)], loops=True) sage: phi = (RR(1) + RR(5).sqrt() ) / 2 sage: phi # abs tol 1e-14 1.618033988749895 sage: e_min, e_max = spectral_radius(G, 1e-14) sage: e_min, e_max # abs tol 1e-14 (1.618033988749894, 1.618033988749896) sage: (e_max - e_min) # abs tol 1e-14 1e-14 sage: e_min < phi < e_max True
This function also works for graphs:
sage: G = Graph([(0,1),(0,2),(1,2),(1,3),(2,4),(3,4)]) sage: e_min, e_max = spectral_radius(G, 1e-14) sage: e = max(G.adjacency_matrix().charpoly().roots(AA, multiplicities=False)) # needs sage.modules sage: e_min < e < e_max # needs sage.modules True sage: G.spectral_radius() # abs tol 1e-9 (2.48119430408, 2.4811943041)
A larger example:
sage: # needs sage.modules sage: G = DiGraph() sage: G.add_edges((i,i+1) for i in range(200)) sage: G.add_edge(200,0) sage: G.add_edge(1,0) sage: e_min, e_max = spectral_radius(G, 0.00001) sage: p = G.adjacency_matrix(sparse=True).charpoly() sage: p x^201 - x^199 - 1 sage: r = p.roots(AA, multiplicities=False)[0] sage: e_min < r < e_max True
A much larger example:
sage: G = DiGraph(100000) sage: r = list(range(100000)) sage: while not G.is_strongly_connected(): ....: shuffle(r) ....: G.add_edges(enumerate(r), loops=False) sage: spectral_radius(G, 1e-10) # random (1.9997956006500042, 1.9998043797692782)
The algorithm takes care of multiple edges:
sage: G = DiGraph(2,loops=True,multiedges=True) sage: G.add_edges([(0,0),(0,0),(0,1),(1,0)]) sage: spectral_radius(G, 1e-14) # abs tol 1e-14 (2.414213562373094, 2.414213562373095) sage: max(G.adjacency_matrix().eigenvalues(AA)) # needs sage.modules 2.414213562373095?
Some bipartite graphs:
sage: G = Graph([(0,1),(0,3),(2,3)]) sage: G.spectral_radius() # abs tol 1e-10 (1.6180339887253428, 1.6180339887592732) sage: G = DiGraph([(0,1),(0,3),(2,3),(3,0),(1,0),(1,2)]) sage: G.spectral_radius() # abs tol 1e-10 (1.5537739740270458, 1.553773974033029) sage: G = graphs.CompleteBipartiteGraph(1,3) sage: G.spectral_radius() # abs tol 1e-10 (1.7320508075688772, 1.7320508075688774)
- sage.graphs.base.static_sparse_graph.strongly_connected_components_digraph(G)#
Return the digraph of the strongly connected components (SCCs).
This routine is used to test
strongly_connected_components_digraph_C
, but it is not used by the Sage digraph. It outputs a pair[g_scc,scc]
, whereg_scc
is the SCC digraph of g,scc
is a dictionary associating to each vertexv
the number of the SCC ofv
, as it appears ing_scc
.EXAMPLES:
sage: from sage.graphs.base.static_sparse_graph import strongly_connected_components_digraph sage: strongly_connected_components_digraph(digraphs.Path(3)) (Digraph on 3 vertices, {0: 2, 1: 1, 2: 0}) sage: strongly_connected_components_digraph(DiGraph(4)) (Digraph on 4 vertices, {0: 0, 1: 1, 2: 2, 3: 3})
- sage.graphs.base.static_sparse_graph.tarjan_strongly_connected_components(G)#
Return the lists of vertices in each strongly connected components (SCCs).
This method implements the Tarjan algorithm to compute the strongly connected components of the digraph. It returns a list of lists of vertices, each list of vertices representing a strongly connected component.
The basic idea of the algorithm is this: a depth-first search (DFS) begins from an arbitrary start node (and subsequent DFSes are conducted on any nodes that have not yet been found). As usual with DFSes, the search visits every node of the graph exactly once, declining to revisit any node that has already been explored. Thus, the collection of search trees is a spanning forest of the graph. The strongly connected components correspond to the subtrees of this spanning forest that have no edge directed outside the subtree.
To recover these components, during the DFS, we keep the index of a node, that is, the position in the DFS tree, and the lowlink: as soon as the subtree rooted at \(v\) has been fully explored, the lowlink of \(v\) is the smallest index reachable from \(v\) passing from descendants of \(v\). If the subtree rooted at \(v\) has been fully explored, and the index of \(v\) equals the lowlink of \(v\), that whole subtree is a new SCC.
For more information, see the Wikipedia article Tarjan%27s_strongly_connected_components_algorithm.
EXAMPLES:
sage: from sage.graphs.base.static_sparse_graph import tarjan_strongly_connected_components sage: tarjan_strongly_connected_components(digraphs.Path(3)) [[2], [1], [0]] sage: D = DiGraph( { 0 : [1, 3], 1 : [2], 2 : [3], 4 : [5, 6], 5 : [6] } ) sage: D.connected_components(sort=True) [[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]] sage: D = DiGraph( { 0 : [1, 3], 1 : [2], 2 : [3], 4 : [5, 6], 5 : [6] } ) sage: D.strongly_connected_components() [[3], [2], [1], [0], [6], [5], [4]] sage: D.add_edge([2,0]) sage: D.strongly_connected_components() [[3], [0, 1, 2], [6], [5], [4]] sage: D = DiGraph([('a','b'), ('b','c'), ('c', 'd'), ('d', 'b'), ('c', 'e')]) sage: [sorted(scc) for scc in D.strongly_connected_components()] [['e'], ['b', 'c', 'd'], ['a']]
- sage.graphs.base.static_sparse_graph.triangles_count(G)#
Return the number of triangles containing \(v\), for every \(v\).
INPUT:
\(G\)– a graph
EXAMPLES:
sage: from sage.graphs.base.static_sparse_graph import triangles_count sage: triangles_count(graphs.PetersenGraph()) {0: 0, 1: 0, 2: 0, 3: 0, 4: 0, 5: 0, 6: 0, 7: 0, 8: 0, 9: 0} sage: sum(triangles_count(graphs.CompleteGraph(15)).values()) == 3*binomial(15,3) True


Mushrooms - P. cubensis
Two years ago I was living at a college coop.  Instead of drinking, I ate 2 or 3 grams of Cubensis mushrooms. I did this rather nonchalantly, and apparently carelessly. I should mention that I have done more intense doses of a variety of psychedelics before and since this event (including mushrooms grown in the same batch) without any problems.
For the first hour of the party I enjoyed talking with friends. As the party went on, 700 drunk and costumed strangers filled the house. Soon, I was alone without a nearby friend or tripping companion. I had an intense panic attack for the next 6 hours, during which I wandered aimlessly through the throngs of nameless faces. Everywhere I looked I saw people who seemed desperate and hopelessly depressed. All faces seemed to be badly modeled out of clay. Everyone became disproportionate and grotesque. I saw all of the worst possible (and unreal) birth defects and abnormalities of the human form.
This was probably the most horrifying time of my life. I have been left for dead by triage, I have been stuck hopelessly in the middle of blizzards, I have had countless panic attacks; I have a few memories worthy of competition for the title.
I tried to find someone I knew, but I just ran erratically from place to place. None of my body language or movements made any coherent sense. People who saw me tried to move or ignore me. I eventually did find people I knew, and received some comfort. But most were drunk and I ended up with only fearful delusions about them. I faced the problem of trying to explain to people that I thought something other than a bad trip was happening. Which is what everyone says during a bad trip. I could not get the comfort I needed. The mushrooms remained strong for at least twice as long as I have ever had them last and I felt the come down over the next couple days.
After this party I had two months of continuous panic attacks, and sought therapy. The faces of everyone I saw and the world around me still seemed disproportionate for the next six months. Though it did taper over time. I was frantically worried that I was schizophrenic: a permanent condition. However, my psychologist assured me I was not schizophrenic, I was just having strong panic attacks.
From this experience, I learned a lot about my social phobia problems. I learned a lot about who I am. I was fairly incapacitated for six months from what I believe was Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Though the problems that caused the nature of my mushroom experience have been with me my whole life. The mushrooms were merely a catalyst for my existing problems. It is a hard year to look back on, but if I had never gotten therapy I would be in a far worse state than I am in now.
The day I imagine all of this having gone away was a day I tried MDMA. (
see report) I was with a close friend and told her of the severity of my problem. I was able to make myself believe that I was not schizophrenic, and after that the panic went away.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


angular.module('moduleName', [ 'dependency', 'dependency2' ]);
angular.module('moduleName');
angular.module(name, [requires], [configFn]);
requires, Property that holds the list of modules which the injector will load before the current module is loaded.
name, The name of the module.
The angular.module is a global place for creating, registering and retrieving Angular modules. All modules (angular core or 3rd party) that should be available to an application must be registered using this mechanism...
AngularJS Documentation
constant('name', object);
Dependency Injection
angular.module(name).constant('constName', {...});
Register a constant service, such as a string, a number, an array, an object or a function, with the $injector. Unlike value it can be injected into a module configuration function (see angular.Module) and it cannot be overridden by an Angular decorator.
AngularJS Documentation
value('name', value);
Dependency Injection
angular.module(name).value('valueName', {...});
Register a value service with the $injector, such as a string, a number, an array, an object or a function. This is short for registering a service where its provider's $get property is a factory function that takes no arguments and returns the value service.
Value services are similar to constant services, except that they cannot be injected into a module configuration function (see angular.Module) but they can be overridden by an Angular decorator.
service(name, constructor);
Dependency Injection
angular.module(name).service(name, constructor);
Register a service constructor, which will be invoked with new to create the service instance. This is short for registering a service where its provider's $get property is the service constructor function that will be used to instantiate the service instance.
AngularJS Documentation
provider(name, constructor);
Dependency Injection
angular.module(name).provider(name, constructor);
Register a provider function with the $injector. Provider functions are constructor functions, whose instances are responsible for "providing" a factory for a service.
Service provider names start with the name of the service they provide followed by Provider. For example, the $log service has a provider called $logProvider.
Service provider objects can have additional methods which allow configuration of the provider and its service. Importantly, you can configure what kind of service is created by the $get method, or how that service will act. For example, the $logProvider has a method debugEnabled which lets you specify whether the $log service will log debug messages to the console or not.
factory(name, $getFn);
Dependency Injection
angular.module(name).factory(name, $getFn);
Register a service factory, which will be called to return the service instance. This is short for registering a service where its provider consists of only a $get property, which is the given service factory function. You should use $provide.factory(getFn) if you do not need to configure your service in a provider.
AngularJS Documentation
filter(name, filterFactory);
Dependency Injection
angular.module(name).filter(name, filterFactory);
Filters are just functions which transform input to an output. However filters need to be Dependency Injected. To achieve this a filter definition consists of a factory function which is annotated with dependencies and is responsible for creating a filter function.
AngularJS Documentation
controller(name, constructor);
Dependency Injection
angular.module(name).controller(name, constructor);
In Angular, a Controller is a JavaScript constructor function that is used to augment the Angular Scope.
When a Controller is attached to the DOM via the ng-controller directive, Angular will instantiate a new Controller object, using the specified Controller's constructor function. A new child scope will be available as an injectable parameter to the Controller's constructor function as $scope.
directive(nameAsCamelCase, directiveFactory);
<my-dir></my-dir>

Angular normalizes an element's tag and attribute name to determine which elements match which directives. We typically refer to directives by their case-sensitive camelCase normalized name (e.g. ngModel). However, since HTML is case-insensitive, we refer to directives in the DOM by lower-case forms, typically using dash-delimited attributes on DOM elements (e.g. ng-model).
angular.module(name).directive(name, directiveFactory);
At a high level, directives are markers on a DOM element (such as an attribute, element name, comment or CSS class) that tell AngularJS's HTML compiler ($compile) to attach a specified behavior to that DOM element or even transform the DOM element and its children.
AngularJS Documentation
config(fn);
angular.module(name).config(fn);
During application bootstrap, before Angular goes off creating all services, it configures and instantiates all providers. We call this the configuration phase of the application life-cycle. During this phase, services aren't accessible because they haven't been created yet.
AngularJS Documentation
run(fn);
angular.module(name).run(fn);
Get executed after the injector is created and are used to kickstart the application. Only instances and constants can be injected into run blocks. This is to prevent further system configuration during application run time.
AngularJS Documentation
Dependency Injection (DI) is a software design pattern that deals with how components get hold of their dependencies.
The Angular injector subsystem is in charge of creating components, resolving their dependencies, and providing them to other components as requested.
angular.module(name, ['dep', ...]);
angular.controller(name, function($scope, $http) {
// $scope and $http is a resolved dependency;
});
angular.element(document.body).injector()
AngularJS Documentation
Dependency Annotation. Angular invokes certain functions (like service factories and controllers) via the injector. You need to annotate these functions so that the injector knows what services to inject into the function. There are three ways of annotating your code with service name information:
someModule.controller('MyController', ['$scope', 'greeter', function(a, b) {
// $scope is a
// greeter is b
}]);
var MyController = function($scope, greeter) {}
MyController.$inject = ['$scope', 'greeter'];
someModule.controller('MyController', MyController);
someModule.controller('MyController', function($scope, greeter) {
// This breaks the DI with the Function Mangling
});
AngularJS Documentation


The BEDES Manager is a web-based application for archiving, searching, and editing BEDES terms and mapping them to terms in user applications.
The BEDES Manager can be used in the following ways:


Welcome to Wei's NN Playground
Congratulations, you are trying this neural network playground made by Wei.
You’re using Play @version
State
Playground Controller
These are the controls of the Neural Network Playground. If you see NaN, it means you still have not initialize the network.Initialize a Neural Network and Run 1000 iteration!
Initialize the Neural Network!
Run 100 iteration (number can be modified)


We carried out strikes on Iran's Quds Force, Syrian targets: Israel army
Israel's military had said on Tuesday its missile defence system had shot down four rockets fired from Syria.
After Syria's state news agency reported the country's air defences destroyed missiles fired from Israel, the Israeli army confirmed it was aimed at Syrian and Iranian "terror targets" near Damascus on Wednesday morning.
"We just carried out wide-scale strikes of Iranian Quds Force & Syrian Armed Forces targets in Syria in response to the rockets fired at Israel by an Iranian force in Syria last night," the Israel Defense Forces tweeted.
"During our strike of Iranian & Syrian terror targets, a Syrian air defence missile was fired despite clear warnings to refrain from such fire. As a result, a number of Syrian aerial defence batteries were destroyed," it said in its tweet, adding, "We hold the Syrian regime responsible for the actions that take place in Syrian territory and warn them against allowing further attacks against Israel."
"We will continue operating firmly and for as long as necessary against the Iranian entrenchment in Syria," Israel's Army added.
Israel's military had said on Tuesday its missile defence system had shot down four rockets fired from Syria.
"Four launches were identified from Syria towards Israeli territory which were intercepted by the Israeli air defence systems," the army had said. "No hits on Israeli communities were identified."
The Israeli strikes come as tensions have increased after in Gaza after the Israeli defence force killed an Islamic Jihad leader a fortnight ago. The Islamic Jihad fired several hundred rockets at Israel as Netayanhu's government retaliated with airstrikes and missiles aimed at Gaza militants.


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This tutorial assumes that you have already built S2E and prepared VM image as described on the Building the S2E Framework page.
Contents
We want to cover all of the code of the following program by exploring all the possible paths through it.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
char str[3];
printf("Enter two characters: ");
if(!fgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin))
return 1;
if(str[0] == 0 || str[1] == 0) {
printf("Not enough characters\n");
} else {
if(str[0] >= 'a' && str[0] <= 'z')
printf("First char is lowercase\n");
else
printf("First char is not lowercase\n");
if(str[0] >= '0' && str[0] <= '9')
printf("First char is a digit\n");
else
printf("First char is not a digit\n");
if(str[0] == str[1])
printf("First and second chars are the same\n");
else
printf("First and second chars are not the same\n");
}
return 0;
}
Before testing the program in S2E, compile and run it in the native QEMU build (the one in the i386-softmmu directory). Launch QEMU with with the following command:
$ $S2EDIR/build/i386-softmmu/qemu-system-i386 your_image.qcow2
You need to copy the example source code into the VM. As you will likely need to do this frequently, we recommend to install either ssh or an http server on your host machine. Then you can copy the code using scp:
guest$ scp <your_login_on_host>@<your_host_name>:path/to/tutorial1.c . guest$ scp <your_login_on_host>@<your_host_name>:path/to/s2e/guest/include/s2e.h .
Compile and run the example with the following commands:
guest$ gcc -m32 -O3 tutorial1.c -o tutorial1 guest$ ./tutorial1 Enter two characters: ab First char is lowercase First char is not a digit First and second chars are not the same
In order to execute the program symbolically, it is necessary to specify what values should become symbolic. There are many ways to do it in S2E, but the simplest one is to use the S2E opcodes library. This library provides a way for guest code to communicate with the S2E system.
In order to explore all possible paths through the program that correspond to all possible inputs, we want to make these inputs symbolic. To accomplish this, we replace the call to fgets() by a call to s2e_make_symbolic():
...
char str[3];
// printf("Enter two characters: ");
// if(!fgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin))
// return 1;
s2e_make_symbolic(str, 2, "str");
str[3] = 0;
...
By default, S2E propagates the symbolic values through the program but does not fork on branches. To enable forking, call s2e_enable_forking() before making symbolic values, and s2e_disable_forking() after exploring all branches.
Finally, it would be interesting to see an example of input value that cause a program to take a particular execution path. This can be useful to reproduce a bug in a debugger, independently of S2E. For that, use the s2e_get_example() function. This function gives a concrete example of symbolic values that satisfy the current path constraints (i.e., all branch conditions along the execution path).
After these changes, the example program looks as follows:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "s2e.h"
int main(void)
{
char str[3];
// printf("Enter two characters: ");
// if(!fgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin))
// return 1;
s2e_enable_forking();
s2e_make_symbolic(str, 2, "str");
if(str[0] == 0 || str[1] == 0) {
printf("Not enough characters\n");
} else {
if(str[0] >= 'a' && str[0] <= 'z')
printf("First char is lowercase\n");
else
printf("First char is not lowercase\n");
if(str[0] >= '0' && str[0] <= '9')
printf("First char is a digit\n");
else
printf("First char is not a digit\n");
if(str[0] == str[1])
printf("First and second chars are the same\n");
else
printf("First and second chars are not the same\n");
}
s2e_disable_forking();
s2e_get_example(str, 2);
printf("'%c%c' %02x %02x\n", str[0], str[1],
(unsigned char) str[0], (unsigned char) str[1]);
return 0;
}
Compile and run the program as usual:
guest$ gcc -m32 -O3 tutorial1.c -o tutorial1 guest$ ./tutorial1 Illegal instruction
You see the Illegal instruction message because all s2e_* functions use special CPU opcodes that are only recognized by S2E.
To run a program in S2E, we have to write a configuration file, then reboot the system in S2E.
-- File: config.lua
s2e = {
kleeArgs = {
-- Run each state for at least 1 second before
-- switching to the other:
"--use-batching-search=true", "--batch-time=1.0"
}
}
plugins = {
-- Enable a plugin that handles S2E custom opcode
"BaseInstructions"
}
Booting the system in S2E takes a long time. Use a two-step process to speed it up. First, boot the system in the version of QEMU that has S2E disabled. Then, save a snapshot and load it in the S2E:
guest$ su -c halt # shut down qemu $ $S2EDIR/build/qemu-release/i386-softmmu/qemu-system-i386 your_image.qcow2 > Wait until Linux is loaded, login into the system. Then press > Ctrl + Alt + 2 and type 'savevm 1' then 'quit'. > Notice that we use i386-softmmu, which is the build with S2E **disabled**. $ $S2EDIR/build/qemu-release/i386-s2e-softmmu/qemu-system-i386 your_image.qcow2 -loadvm 1 \ -s2e-config-file config.lua -s2e-verbose > Wait the snapshot is resumed, then type in the guest guest$ ./tutorial1 > Notice that we use i386-s2e-softmmu, which is the build with S2E ENABLED.
After you run this command, S2E starts to symbolically execute the example. The configuration file instructs S2E to pick a random state once per second. You will see the QEMU screen content changing every second for different possible outputs of the example.
Each state is a completely independent snapshot of the whole system. You can even interact with each state independently, for example by launching different programs. Try to launch tutorial1 in one of the states again!
In the host terminal (i.e., the S2E standard output), you see various information about state execution, forking and switching. This output is also saved into the s2e-last/messages.txt log file. As an exercise, try to follow the execution history of a state through the log file.
In the previous section, we made the program run along multiple execution paths. However, each path continued to run even after the program terminated, executing operating system code. This is great to visually experience how S2E works, but in general we want S2E to stop executing each path as soon as the program to analyze terminates.
Terminating an execution path is accomplished with the s2e_kill_state() function. A call to this function immediately stops executing the current state and exits S2E if there are no more states to explore. Add a call to this function just before the program returns control to the OS. Before that, we might want to print example values in the S2E log using s2e_message() or s2e_warning() functions:
int main(void)
{
char buf[32];
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
...
...
s2e_get_example(str, 2);
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "'%c%c' %02x %02x\n", str[0], str[1],
(unsigned char) str[0], (unsigned char) str[1]);
s2e_warning(buf);
s2e_kill_state(0, "program terminated");
return 0;
}
Now, resume the snapshot in QEMU with S2E disabled, edit and recompile the program, re-save the snapshot and re-load it in S2E:
$ $S2EDIR/build/qemu-release/i386-softmmu/qemu-system-i386 your_image.qcow2 -loadvm 1 guest$ edit tutorial1.c guest$ gcc -m32 -O3 tutorial1.c -o tutorial1 > press Ctrl + Alt + 2 and type 'savevm 1' then type 'quit'. $ $S2EDIR/build/qemu/i386-s2e-softmmu/qemu-system-i386 your_image.qcow2 -loadvm 1 \ -s2e-config-file config.lua -s2e-verbose guest$ ./tutorial1
Running tutorial1 this time will make S2E quickly terminate, leaving a log file that you can examine.
Please note that in case your program crashes or exits at some other point without calling s2e_kill_state(), S2E will not terminate and will continue to execute paths that returned to the system. To avoid this, you can write a program that simply calls s2e_kill_state(). Launch it right after the invocation to the program that can crash, e.g., as follows:
guest$ ./tutorial; ./s2e_kill


| munit_measure {spatPomp} | R Documentation |
munit_measure
returns a moment-matched parameter set given an empirically calculated measurement variance and latent states.
This is used in girf()
and igirf()
when they are run with kind='moment'
.
## S4 method for signature 'spatPomp'
munit_measure(object, x, vc, unit, time, params, Np = 1)
object |
An object of class |
x |
A state vector for all units |
vc |
The empirically calculated variance used to perform moment-matching |
unit |
The unit for which to obtain a moment-matched parameter set |
time |
The time for which to obtain a moment-matched parameter set |
params |
parameters to use to obtain a moment-matched parameter set |
Np |
Number of particle replicates for which to get parameter sets |
An array with dimensions dim(array.params)[1]
by dim(x)[2]
by length(unit)
bylength(time)
representing the moment-matched parameter set(s) corresponding to the variance of the measurements, vc
, and the states, x
.
Kidus Asfaw
# Complete examples are provided in the package tests
## Not run:
b <- bm(U=3)
s <- states(b)[,1,drop=FALSE]
rownames(s) -> rn
dim(s) <- c(3,1,1)
dimnames(s) <- list(variable=rn, rep=NULL)
p <- coef(b); names(p) -> rnp
dim(p) <- c(length(p),1); dimnames(p) <- list(param=rnp)
o <- obs(b)[,1,drop=FALSE]
array.params <- array(p,
dim = c(length(p),
length(unit_names(b)), 1, 1),
dimnames = list(params = rownames(p)))
vc <- c(4, 9, 16); dim(vc) <- c(length(vc), 1, 1)
munit_measure(b, x=s, vc=vc, Np=1, unit = 1, time=1, params=array.params)
## End(Not run)


Courses taken in Fall Quarter
• Statistical Machine learning and Data Analytics
• Computer Vision and Image Analysis
CGPA: 7.83/10
• Worked on solving the difficulties of cluster initialization sensitivity and undesired locally optimum solutions in conventional
clustering methods with a special focus on image processing.
• Developed a variance based clustering algorithm and implemented it in MATLAB. Tested on datasets drawn from image processing, bioinformatics, stock market and remote sensing.
• The algorithm performed better when compared with state of the art methods such as Fuzzy C means and Kernel KMeans in quantitative and
qualitative terms
• Worked with Citi Risk and Credit under Funds Team. Managed Hedge Fund Database applicationas a Full stack developer.The application
analyze risk scenarios and provide risk parameters to HedgeFund managers.
• Also worked with Securities Services and Technologies Division of Citigroup for one year. My profile involved creating programs and models using statistical analysis to produce real-time
predictions for traders internal to Citi .
• Worked on R, Java, Spring, Flex.


public repos
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Docker Orchestration Cloud
Sigmaxm is a docker-orchestration-cloud service that provides Fast and reliable service. Sigmaxm reduces the time to build infrastructure for your applications to minutesme to build infrastructure for your applications to minutes.


ARTICLE 6. SAVINGS BANKS
PART I. GENERAL PROVISIONS
§412:6-100 Definition. In this article, "savings bank" means a corporation which has the authority to operate as a savings bank under this chapter. [L 1993, c 350, pt of §1]


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