Recitation 4
Homework Tips
- Be familiar with the What Can I Ask On Diderot? policy
- Talk to other students taking the course – they can help you and you can help them.
- Feel free to meet other students during the Collaboration Space – every Tuesday in GHC 4303.
- Look for the “Common Problems in Homework x” post on Diderot before asking questions online.
TA Hours
- Come this week! Don’t wait until the last week.
import numpy as np
import scipy.sparse as sp
from IPython.display import HTML, display
import tabulate
Numpy Broadcasting
Numpy has some magic that allows you to perform operations with arrays of different shapes. When working with more advanced operations, understanding broadcasting is important to making sure you don’t accidentally break something. We’re going to explore those rules in a simpler manner than the official tutorial.
Here some pseudocode expresses these rules:
function broadcast(a, b):
if a.ndim != b.ndim:
add one-element dimensions to a or b until they have the same number of dimensions
for i in range(a.ndim):
if a.shape[i] == b.shape[i]:
both dimensions are the same length, no broadcasting necessary
elif a.shape[i] == 1:
copy dimension [i, i+1, ...] of a until it is the same as b
elif b.shape[i] == 1:
copy dimension [i, i+1, ...] of b until it is the same as a
else:
raise "ValueError: operands could not be broadcast together"
(Its not actually implemented like this. See the official docs for details.)
Note that the dimensions are not actually copied; Numpy does something that is far more efficient than that.
From these simple rules, we get some pretty interesting behaviour:
def pp(a):
if a.ndim < 2:
a = [a]
display(HTML(tabulate.tabulate(a, tablefmt='html')))
def rnd(*a):
return np.random.permutation(np.prod(a)).reshape(a)
# Constant * Array:
b = rnd(5, 3)
pp(b)
| 3 | 10 | 11 |
| 7 | 2 | 0 |
| 1 | 8 | 9 |
| 13 | 4 | 12 |
| 14 | 5 | 6 |
pp(2 + b)
| 5 | 12 | 13 |
| 9 | 4 | 2 |
| 3 | 10 | 11 |
| 15 | 6 | 14 |
| 16 | 7 | 8 |
Let’s use the pseudocode to examine why this works. We begin with:
a = [] array of [2]
b = [5, 3] array of [0..14]
Numpy treats the constant like a zero-dimensional array. In the first step, it observes that there are fewer dimensions in a
than b
, so pads a
with size-1 dimensions:
a = [1, 1] array of [2]
b = [5, 3] array of [0..14]
Now working from left-to-right, it examines the first dimension and notices that they are of different sizes, so broadcasting is necesssary. Because the first dimension of a
is 1, it can be broadcast to match the first dimension of b
. After this step, the array now looks like:
a = [5, 1] array of [2, 2, 2, 2, 2]
b = [5, 3] array of [0..14]
Now it examines the second dimension. Following the same pattern as before, it broadcasts the second dimension of a
to match b
:
a = [5, 3] array of [2, 2,...]
b = [5, 3] array of [0..14]
Now that the arrays are the same size, they can be added element-by-element.
Lets try this again, this time with a 1-d array to a 2-d array:
c = rnd(3)
pp(c)
| 2 | 0 | 1 |
pp(b + c)
| 5 | 10 | 12 |
| 9 | 2 | 1 |
| 3 | 8 | 10 |
| 15 | 4 | 13 |
| 16 | 5 | 7 |
Lets look at this again. We start with:
c = [3] array of [0..2]
b = [5, 3] array of [0..14]
After adding padding dimensions:
c = [1, 3] array of [0..2]
b = [5, 3] array of [0..14]
We broadcast the first dimension of c
to match b
:
c = [5, 3] array of [0..2]
b = [5, 3] array of [0..14]
And now it can be added!
What if we want to add over the columns instead?
d = rnd(5)
pp(d)
| 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
pp(b + d)
The trivial way of doing this doesn’t work. We start with:
d = [5] array of [0..4]
b = [5, 3] array of [0..14]
After adding padding dimensions:
c = [1, 5] array of [0..4]
b = [5, 3] array of [0..14]
We broadcast the first dimension of d
to match b
:
c = [5, 5] array of [0..4]
b = [5, 3] array of [0..14]
And the second dimension does not agree, so they can’t be broadcast.
To get it to broadcast correctly, we need to add the padding dimension in the right place ourselves. Here’s an example:
e = d[:,None]
pp(e)
print(e.shape)
| 3 |
| 0 |
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 4 |
The trivial way of doing this doesn’t work. We start with:
e = [5, 1] array of [0..4]
b = [5, 3] array of [0..14]
No padding dimensions need to be added here, and the first dimensions already agree. We broadcast the second dimension of e
to match b
:
e = [5, 3] array of [0..4]
b = [5, 3] array of [0..14]
And now they can be added.
pp(b + e)
| 6 | 13 | 14 |
| 7 | 2 | 0 |
| 2 | 9 | 10 |
| 15 | 6 | 14 |
| 18 | 9 | 10 |
Broadcasting can give you some pretty awesome results. Here’s an example of generating a two-dimensional array using two one-dimensional arrays. Try using our analysis to understand why this works the way it does; the official documentation explains this example.
p = np.array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
q = np.array([0, 10, 20])
pp(p[:,None] + q)
| 0 | 10 | 20 |
| 1 | 11 | 21 |
| 2 | 12 | 22 |
| 3 | 13 | 23 |
| 4 | 14 | 24 |
| 5 | 15 | 25 |
Multiplications in Numpy
This is a common source of difficult. We’re going to go over each type of multiplication (both dense and sparse) and explain how its done.
Lets begin with the most important caveat: np.array
, np.matrix
, and sp.sparse.*
handle multiplication slighly differently!
And here are some tips:
- When working with sparse matrices, you should use Scipy operations (not Numpy ones)
- When working with dense matrices, you can use either operation.
- When working with
np.array
objects:a * b
is equivalent tonp.multiply(a, b)
a @ b
is equivalent tonp.matmul(a, b)
.
- When working with
np.matrix
objects:a * b
is equivalent tonp.matmul(a, b)
, anda @ b
is equivalent tonp.matmul(a, b)
.
- The
matmul
operation has special broadcasting rules. - The syntax
(5,)
means a tuple of length 1 with the value5
. - For
np.multiply
, the order of arguments does not matter.
When working with these, it is important to always know what type of array or matrix you are dealing with and what the size is.
Lets begin with the simplest operation:
a = np.array(5)
b = np.array(3)
np.multiply(a, b) == a.dot(b) == 15
Scalars can be multiplied regularly; using matrix multiplication operations on them throws an error.
1-D array
:
Now we’ll scale this up to 1-d arrays.
c = rnd(5)
d = rnd(5)
pp(c)
pp(d)
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 3 |
The *
operation (equivalent to np.multiply
) calculates the element-wise product of the two arrays. (This is sometimes called the Hadamard product.)
pp(c*d)
| 0 | 4 | 2 | 8 | 0 |
The dot product calculates the sum of the element-wise product:
c.dot(d)
As does the matrix product:
c @ d
Transpose
The transpose of a 1-d array does not change the array.
print(c.shape)
print(c.T.shape)
(5,) (5,)
If you want to convert it to a row-array, you can do it like this:
# Add an extra dimension and then transpose:
print(c[:,None].T.shape)
# Or just make a new dimension in the right place:
print(c[None,:].shape)
(1, 5) (1, 5)
Row- and column-array
Working with the transpose of c, we see that dot
, multiply
/*
, and matmul
/@
give the same values, but with an extra dimension:
e = c[:,None] # e is c with an extra dimension.
e.T.dot(d)
e.T * d
np.matmul(e.T, d)
You can also get the cross product of two vectors using matrix multiplication:
pp(c[:, None].T @ d[:, None])
| 14 |
pp(c[:, None] @ d[:, None].T)
| 0 | 3 | 6 | 12 | 9 |
| 0 | 4 | 8 | 16 | 12 |
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 3 |
| 0 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 6 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
print(c[:,None].shape)
c.T.T @ d
Caveat: np.matrix
The *
operation is equivalent to np.matmul
.
np.matrix(c).T * d
1-d and 2-d array
We begin with a (3, 5) array:
f = rnd(3, 5)
pp(f)
| 5 | 2 | 10 | 7 | 9 |
| 0 | 4 | 8 | 14 | 13 |
| 12 | 1 | 6 | 11 | 3 |
Recall the shape of c
is (5)
pp(c)
| 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
Matrix-vector product
You can also perform matrix multiplication or the dot
operation between the (3, 5) f
and (5,) c
to get a result of shape (3,):
pp(f @ c)
| 47 | 52 | 68 |
pp(f.dot(c))
| 47 | 52 | 68 |
Elementwise product by rows
The broadcast rules will automatically broadcast c
from (5) to (3, 5) by copying the rows; this results in each row of f
being multiplied element-wise by c
.
pp(f * c)
| 15 | 8 | 10 | 14 | 0 |
| 0 | 16 | 8 | 28 | 0 |
| 36 | 4 | 6 | 22 | 0 |
Elementwise product by columns
If you want to multiply the elements each column of f
by a corresponding element in an array g
, the easiest way is to explicitly create a dimension of size 1 so the broadcasting engine knows to copy along that dimension.
g = np.array([1, 2, 3])
pp(g)
| 1 | 2 | 3 |
pp(f * g[:, None])
| 5 | 2 | 10 | 7 | 9 |
| 0 | 8 | 16 | 28 | 26 |
| 36 | 3 | 18 | 33 | 9 |
This works because we’re multiplying f
(3, 5) by g[:, None]
(3, 1), shapes that can be broadcast together by the rules we’ve discussed. (This also works when the LHS is sparse and the RHS is either sparse or dense.)
Another trick to do this is to create a diagonal matrix and left-multiply with that. You have to use matrix multiplication for that operation.
pp(np.diag(g))
| 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 2 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 3 |
pp(np.diag(g) @ f)
| 5 | 2 | 10 | 7 | 9 |
| 0 | 8 | 16 | 28 | 26 |
| 36 | 3 | 18 | 33 | 9 |
This can be made reasonably efficient using a sparse diagonal matrix, which only includes the entries along the diagonal:
pp(sp.diags(g) @ f)
| 5 | 2 | 10 | 7 | 9 |
| 0 | 8 | 16 | 28 | 26 |
| 36 | 3 | 18 | 33 | 9 |
Optimizing Numerical Computation
We’re going to go over some common techniques to speed up numerical computation. This will be very useful when optimizing code for speed.
Actually Use Numpy
Instead of mixing Numpy and Python lists together, use Numpy for as much of the computation as possible. You make orders of magnitude of gain here!
This is because Numpy operations are (1) performed in low-level C code and don’t incur python interpreter overhead and (2) vectorized.
Here’s an example where we add 1,000,000 integers together:
s = np.ones(1000000)
def loopsum(m):
rv = 0
for i in range(len(m)):
rv += m[i]
return rv
def npsum(m):
return np.sum(m)
%%timeit
loopsum(s) == 1000000
202 ms ± 8.83 ms per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1 loop each)
%%timeit
npsum(s) == 1000000
342 µs ± 16.2 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1000 loops each)
We get at least 500x speedup with Numpy.
Rewrite Code To Consolidate Multiplication
As a general rule of thumb, here are the relative costs of different multiplications:
| Left | Right | Type | Cost ($n$ == length) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| vector | vector | elementwise | $\mathcal O (n)$ | |
| vector | vector | dot | $\mathcal O (n)$ | |
| matrix | vector | elementwise | $\mathcal O (n^2)$ | (both row/column broadcasting) |
| matrix | vector | matmul | $\mathcal O (n^2)$ | |
| matrix | matrix | elementwise | $\mathcal O (n^2)$ | |
| matrix | matrix | matmul | $\mathcal O (n^3)$ |
Additionally, constructing a vector takes $\mathcal O(n)$ and a matrix takes $\mathcal O(n^2)$.
You can improve the speed of your computation considerably by rewriting your algorithm to avoid more expensive operations; a good sign that you can do this is when you have multiple inputs that are larger than the size of your output.
Example 1
Lets work through an example. We wish to calculate $A * B * \vec v$, which are matrices/vectors of size 1000. We can compute this two ways:
- $A * (B * \vec v)$
- $(A * B) * \vec v$
Assign a cost to each operation and figure out the size of each intermediate state to figure out which operation will be quicker.
A = np.random.randint(1000, size=(1000, 1000))
B = np.random.randint(1000, size=(1000, 1000))
v = np.random.randint(1000, size=(1000,))
%%timeit
(A @ B) @ v
1.23 s ± 88.6 ms per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1 loop each)
%%timeit
A @ (B @ v)
1.44 ms ± 3.81 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1000 loops each)
We also check that they give the same answer:
all((A @ B) @ v == A @ (B @ v))
We can see why method 1 is about a thousand times faster than method 2 by breaking down the operations:
- In method 1, we first evaluate the matrix-vector product $B * \vec v$ which incurs $\mathcal O(n^2)$ time and produces a vector of length $n$. The second operation is also a matrix-vector product which takes $\mathcal O(n^2)$ time: The overall time is $\mathcal O(n^2)$
- In method 2, we first evaluate the matrix-matrix product $(A * B)$, which takes $\mathcal O(n^3)$ time. The subsequent matrix-vector takes $\mathcal O(n^2)$ time. The overall operation is dominated by the $\mathcal O(n^3)$ time.
This suggests that method 2 should be slower by a factor of $n$, which is 1,000 in our example.
Example 2
Let’s try this again, this time a more subtle use-case.
We wish to compute $A * \text{diag}(\vec u) * \vec v$, where $\text{diag}(\vec u)$ is an otherwise zero matrix with the diagonals set to $\vec u$. There are two ways to do this that we have already discussed:
- $(A * \text{diag}(\vec u)) * \vec v$ which takes $\mathcal O(n^3)$ time
- $A * (\text{diag}(\vec u) * \vec v)$ which takes $\mathcal O(n^2)$ time
We observe that $\text{diag}(\vec u) * \vec v$ is the same as taking the elementwise product $\vec u \circ \vec v$. We use this to rewrite the operation:
- $A * (\vec u \circ \vec v)$ which takes $\mathcal O(n^2)$ time
Even though (2) and (3) are the same asymptotically, notice that (2) takes three $\mathcal O(n^2)$ operations but (3) only takes one. Question: why three operations?
At a moderate $n = 1000$, lets see which is quicker:
A = np.random.randint(1000, size=(1000, 1000))
u = np.random.randint(1000, size=(1000,))
v = np.random.randint(1000, size=(1000,))
%%timeit
# Method 2
A @ (np.diag(u) @ v)
1.77 ms ± 13.1 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1000 loops each)
%%timeit
# Method 3
A @ (u * v)
723 µs ± 10.8 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1000 loops each)
By saving the extra $\mathcal O(n^2)$ operations, we speed our computation up considerably. We check that the output is the same:
all(A @ (np.diag(u) @ v) == A @ (u * v))
Great!


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The AI gets a reward based on how well it scored each move, along with if it lost, won, or got a high score. The reward graph is the average over many moves
Loss
A measure of how confused the AI is. It compares what it's expected reward for a given move is compared to what it actually got. Even if the reward is low, this should trend lower as the AI learns the rules
Experience Size
When learing, it randomly selects a previous state from it's past experience pool, and updates based on that. This avoids issues related to a sequence of moves being too related
Exploration epsilon
The chance of the AI making a random move. Early on, it doesn't know how to play, so we want more random moves so it learns. Later, we want it to play better, so less random
Training
The AI can run in either Training or non-training modes. Non-training runs faster as it isn't trying to calculate updates, and it also has a very low epsilon, so it plays better, but it doesn't learn anything during this time, so it will not improve.


EDUCATION
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VTU Board
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Pre-University
Boscoss Pre-University College
Karnataka State Board
2016 to 2018
10th Grade
Kendriya Vidyalaya No.1 Mangalore
CBSE board
2015 to 2016
PROJECTS
Data Base Mangaement System
Hostel System Management using HTML and CSS
HTML and CSS was used to make the frontend and
PHP for the back end.
Mobile Application Developement
An android app to calculate the Milage
Java programming
language
used for backend.
Computer Graphics and Visualisation
To show the life in a marine water
OpenGL and C++ was used
to design.


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Overview Credits
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all values in million
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F-stop is calculated as the ratio between focal length and the aperture diameter. A more open aperture will allow light from a wider angle difference to enter causing blur in out of focus objects.
The t-stop is used to describe how much light gets through the lens into the camera. A t-stop can never be lower than the f-stop because the lens cannot just generate more light. It is actually typically lower as the glass also blocks part of the light letting less through than theoretically possible.
A wider aperture is usually wanted but that makes lenses bigger and heavier, meaning that there is a tradeoff.


Score: — Welcome on the first versionof the dot. In this game, youjust have to cross the road.Use ←↑↓→ keys to moove.This game difficulty is random.Reload or resize window if it'stoo hard/easy for you!


py_qs_example.mypackage package¶
Submodules¶
py_qs_example.mypackage.module module¶
An example docstring for the mypackage.module module.
Describe what the entire module is for, with the first sentence containing the main idea.
-
class
py_qs_example.mypackage.module.
ExampleClass2
(num, klass)[source]¶ Bases:
object
An example class created from the pypi-sphinx-quickstart tutorial.
-
py_qs_example.mypackage.module.
example_function2
(thing, arg)[source]¶ Example for function documentation.
- Parameters
thing (
ExampleClass2
) – A thing to passarg (
str
) – another thing to pass
- Return type
str
- Returns
thing and arg combined into a string
Module contents¶
An example docstring for the mypackage package.
Describe what the entire package is for, with the first sentence containing the main idea.


{% load static %}
Semantic UI Forms for Django
Semantic UI Forms for Django
Form
Model Form
Many Fields Form
Choice Fields Form
Layout Form
{% block content %} Insert content here! {% endblock %}
{% block footerjs %}{% endblock %}


Sampler 2.0
Still in development but may be useful and easier to use than VISampler.
Main features
- Select arduino from USB port drop down list
- Take samples at different sample rates
- Select any analog input or multiple analog inputs
- See a zoom-able, pan-able graph.
- Get Mean and Standard deviation of sample
Download: Waveform Sampler.zip
To run
- Make sure you have java, rxtx lib etc installed: go through this page first: Install Java and RXTX
- Upload SamplerSketch to Arduino
- Run SamplerProgram by typing java Program into a terminal window (capital P important) in the SamplerProgram directory.
- Select USB port and click start!
Re: Sampler 2.0
hello, this java softwares look great !!
I know nothing about java and trying to make it work in windows 7 is killing me.
Is it possible to upload a compile version of the programs for easy usage? something you can just double click and use? or if not, maybe a .bat file that does the work? just put the right files inside a folder and execute the .bat?
thanks for your help
Re: Sampler 2.0
I will be honest, Im not entirely sure how to do it and especially on windows, it would take some research. If you could have a look into it that would be awesome.
Re: Sampler 2.0
I followed all the steps and I can launch the Sampler program, but Under "choose port" there is nothing to choose, the list opens empty :(
Help plz
Re: Sampler 2.0
This happened me also. running Ubuntu 10.10]. It's now working, but I'm not getting kst graphs yet, so I need to take a look at the kst installation.
I was getting an error message from Arduinocomm, saying 'package gnu.io does not exist' .
- I hadn't extracted all the rxtx files; I was missing the gnu folder completely.
Also make sure you've copied the rxtx library files correctly per openergymonitor.org/emon/node/11. I had them in the incorrect directory initially.
Eamonn
Re: Sampler 2.0
Same problem in Ubuntu 10.10 and Win XP :(
Empty list, although arduino is detected in the system
Re: Sampler 2.0
I will have a look
Re: Sampler 2.0
It work here, maybe try recompiling it with: javac *.java


PewDiePie Says He Wants Mark Zuckerberg to Host Meme Review
YouTube’s most popular Felix 'PewDiePie' Kjellberg revealed that the next guest he wants to host his Meme Review series is Facebook creator and CEO Mark Zuckerberg.
PewDiePie's 'Meme Review' has become an inseparable part of his YouTube channel where he takes current popular memes on the internet and breaks them down with scores. The show has become so popular that he's even had Tesla CEO Elon Musk and iconic TV psychiatrist Dr Phil host the series.
Yet in his latest video, Pewds announced that the next person he would want to host the series is Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg, providing the most hilarious explanation for why he wants the tech-billionaire to react to memes.
The YouTube King was reacting to submissions about the Facebook CEO's infamous testimony to the US congress in 2018 that quickly became a source for memes. "Mark Zuckerberg looks like a guy in a zombie movie who's been bitten, but is trying to keep a secret," Pewds read out loud, before laughing and starting to search for more Zuckerberg-related memes.
“I am so sad that we scared Mark Zuckerberg out of the internet. That was such a beautiful time when he was a part of the internet, you know? I want him back! Zuck, please come back! You can be a part of Meme Review!" he exclaimed after that.
Pewds added that with Meme Review, Facebook’s stock would go right up, adding: “Zuck you have my number, just call me any time. It will be the most beautiful redemption of all time!”


Navbar
Documentation and examples for Bootstrap’s powerful, responsive navigation header, the navbar. Includes support for branding, navigation, and more, including support for our collapse plugin.
Here’s what you need to know before getting started with the navbar:
Here’s an example of all the sub-components included in a responsive light-themed navbar that automatically collapses at the lg
(large) breakpoint.


Looping over Complex Types
The simple types are number, string, boolean, null, and undefined. These types are essential to JavaScript programming and you must understand them.
There are two important complex types that you must know. The good news is that they are not really that complex, they are not really that hard to understand. The types are:
- Arrays
- Objects
Both these types are commonly used in loops, so we will cover that subject at the same time.
Get Started
In your javascript-tests directory create a file called looping-over-complex-types.js. We will do some work during class in that file. At the end of the class, be sure to push the file.
Arrays
Here is how to declare an array:
const myArray = [];
We can also pre-populate our array with content:
const numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10];
Here is how to access a memeber of this array using zero based indexers
const numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10]; console.log(numbers[1]); console.log(numbers[0]); console.log(numbers[numbers.length - 1]);
Here is how to dynamically add an item to an array:
const numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10]; numbers.push(12); console.log(numbers); numbers.pop(); // Remove the last item console.log(numbers);
As you will see later, you can put numbers, strings, booleans, arrays, and objects in inside an array. For instance:
const items = [1, 'two', [3, 4], false, null];
Loop over Arrays
Here is how to loop over an array:
const items = [1, 'two', [3, 4], false, null]; for (let i = 0; i < items.length; i++) { console.log(items[i]); }
Here is a simpler way to loop over an array:
const numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10]; for (let number of numbers) { console.log(numbers); }
Here are JavaScript methods for converting a string to an array and vice-versa:
function arrayToString(array) { console.log(array.join(', ')); } function stringToArray(input) { console.log(input.split(',')); } arrayToString(["bundle.js", "*.js.map", ".c9"]); stringToArray("bundle.js, *.js.map, .c9");
Objects
Objects contain properties and functions. For now, we will only add properties to our objects.
Here is how to declare an object:
const myObject = {};
Here is how to declare an object with two properties:
const myObject = { five: 5, six: 'six' };
Here is how to access a member of this object
const myObject = { five: 5, six: 'six' }; console.log(myObject.five); console.log(myObject.six);
Here is how to dynamically add an item to an object:
const myObject = { five: 5, six: 'six' }; myObject.newItem = 'This is a new item in my object.' console.log(myObject.five); console.log(myObject.six); console.log(myObject.newItem);
Turn it in
Push the work we did in class today. When you submit the assignment, state the name of your repo and the name of the file where we did our work. Create a file called javascript-tests/looping-over-complex-types.html. Give it a h1 element and your byline. Link in looping-over-complex-types.js and link to it from your home page. Provide a link to your home page on the GitHub Pages live site.
Global Objects
There are no instructions in this section, it is just a rather lengthy discussion of an important topic.
There are differences between the JavaScript in Node and JavaScript in a browser. Even though Node is built with the same V8 Engine used to create the JavaScript in a browser, there are still differences.
Step back and think for a second. When we are working at the command line there usually are no windows. That is the big difference between a GUI environment and a command-line environment: The GUI has windows and the command line does not. (I'm talking about windows in an application, not about the Microsoft product called Windows.)
As a result, there is no window object at the command prompt and Node does not have a global object called window.. This makes sense because usually there can be no buttons, no input controls, etc at the command prompt.
Once we start using window.onload or document.getElementId then we are committed to using a browser. This is because the window and document objects are only available in a browser.
There are ways to divide programs up so we can put GUI elements in one JavaScript file and non-GUI code in another file. This would allow us to test some of our code at the command line. For now, however, that is beyond the scope of this course.
Node has an object called global that plays the same role as the window object in a browser, but with all the GUI related code stripped from it:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/Global_object


Warning: This server is part of a cluster. If this cluster has other katServers and is using cellar, installing bundles or features here will result in unpredictable behavior. You should select the cluster instead.
You will be able to install a bundle or a feature on only one server of a cellar cluster in a future release.


Solve first order autocorrelation problems using an iterative method. This procedure estimates both autocorrelation and beta coefficients recursively until we reach the convergence (8th decimal as default). The residuals are computed after estimating Beta using EGLS approach and Rho is estimated using the previous residuals.
| Version: | 2.3 |
| Depends: | lmtest |
| Imports: | stats |
| Published: | 2018-09-27 |
| Author: | Stefano Spada [aut, cre], Matteo Quartagno [ctb], Marco Tamburini [ctb], David Robinson [ctb] |
| Maintainer: | Stefano Spada <lostefanospada at gmail.com> |
| License: | GPL-2 |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Citation: | orcutt citation info |
| CRAN checks: | orcutt results |
| Reference manual: | orcutt.pdf |
| Package source: | orcutt_2.3.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: orcutt_2.3.zip, r-release: orcutt_2.3.zip, r-oldrel: orcutt_2.3.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: orcutt_2.3.tgz, r-oldrel: orcutt_2.3.tgz |
| Old sources: | orcutt archive |
| Reverse suggests: | broom |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=orcutt to link to this page.


Reports a warning if a copy constructor does not call the copy constructor of its superclass if one is available.


WHO ARE WE
Dream House was founded in 2000 by group of engineering and designers. Based in Amman, Jordan, we have a global scope, providing solutions to contemporary architectural and interior issues in all regions of the world. Our highly collaborative, research-based design method involves clients, stakeholders, and experts from a wide range of fields from early on in the creative process. The results are exemplary, outspoken projects that enable our houses and environment to develop towards a better future.
Our Vision
Spaces to Live, Work & Play! We want to revolutionise every aspect of human life. Better houses, pleasant work places, fantastic homes and great spaces to enjoy life, we find the best solution for every project in every situation by collecting data and parameters. We redefine typologies and our clients and the users and inhabitants of our work love it, there is no better compliment than great customer satisfaction ...


This content is all related!
Nice that we can group it using a "div" tag!
Just text. Hey there! Welcome to my Github - I'm a new web developer in the Nashville area , just starting my journey to learn about web development! I'm excited to learn things.
This is the second paragraph. It's only here for demonstration


| Developing with plugins and components | ||
|---|---|---|
| Prev |
"Plugins" and "components" are two words that are very often used in computing world. But when someone searches for information on them, he will find a big amount of references but hardly any concrete and elucidative concept.
The problem regarding plugins is that, most of the information one finds is dependent of a particular implementation. A typical definition of a plugin would be something like "A piece of software to be added to application X to do the Y-type of jobs". Or, when one finds a definition that is independent of application X, Y or Z, it would be something like "A piece of software to be plugged to an application" that, although correct, doesn't carry much information.
Components information, on the other hand, is usually so abstract and general that one can regard almost everything as being components. And, the same way there wasn't much consensus, on the beginning, on what constitutes an object, there isn't also much consensus on what a component is.
One of the main purposes of this tutorial was to achieve a precise, short and clear definition on both paradigms. The goal was to get a description general enough not to be tied to implementation issues but yet precise enough to characterize some piece of software as being an implementation of this concept and providing a certain set of functionalities instead of just an adjective.
But it is quickly found that a definition, as good as it might be, is not enough to characterize a paradigm. For example, if a user wants to program in an object-oriented way, knowing what an object is in this context, is not enough. To learn how to program in an object-oriented way, the user also needs to know the notions of instances and classes, signature/abstract, heritage, inclusion of all the methods and data that identify with it and, even before that, modularity and hiding the implementation from outside the object. These are all rules and characteristics that state to what an object-oriented application should comply to be considered one. After learning object-oriented principles like the above and object-oriented languages like Java or C++ it is very hard to imagine it in another way. But if, for example, it had been characterized the same way but without heritage would that impede that the resulting blocks of software could still be called objects? Of course not. So why this set of rules?
Because of the behavior that is expected. With the concept comes a list of wished functionality. It is expected that we can say that this "object", Mickey, is an instance of the "class" Mouse but it also inherits characteristics from the "interface" Comic. It is also expected that it includes the data related to it (relevant to the case) and ways to interact with it, that is, methods. For example, its age and a method to ask to resolve a mystery! This set of rules not only comply with the general concept but also help to precise it and guarantee that the product will provide the expected functionality in a standard way.
But the user also needs the environment to develop. Furthermore, having just the theory on the paper is not very useful. Anyone who learns object-oriented programming does so while learning Java, C++ or some similar object-oriented language. Many people when referring to object-oriented programming are actually referring to one of the above languages. It is very difficult to picture OO without some details of the OO language most commonly used by the user.
So, arriving to a definition for plugins-based and component-based programming is not enough and a set of rules were compiled or elaborated to achieve this. Also, there was some emphasis on the implementation details so that the reader can more easily picture these types of programming and develop immediately with them.
There are always problems that are better solved with one strategy than another one. A script language is not very good to write Data Mining applications or complex mathematical algorithms or an application like a spreadsheet program. It is good for system management, automatic jobs and setting configurations.
Plugins are good for applications that have to do tasks from a big and heterogeneous set. It is even more powerful because it assumes that this set is not known before hand. This enables further tasks to be assigned to the application as long as the functionality to do that task is provided. This brings several advantages:
a lighter application since all the complexity of the tasks is divided through the plugins
the code to handle a task is only loaded when needed. If the set is big and not all the tasks are being done this means less space used in memory.
flexibility in the functionality added to the application by plugins
At CERN this type of applications are found very frequently. The data generated is heterogeneous and is common to find: "if this is a particle a do A, a particle b do B, ..., a particle z do Z". Having enormous case columns is space consuming, complicated and provides few flexibility. Plugins may be a good way to handle this. There are also other situations similar where plugins can be a good solution.
Components are better aimed at complex, distributed projects but can also apply to projects that usually sit in only one computer but whose architecture OS clearly divided in several separate parts that interact with each other. It provides, among other things (see Key aspects and raised questions in Components):
standardized parts and services
few need of contact between teams designing components
independence of implementation and location
a good way to design the architecture and abstract from the implementations details
At CERN it is common to find big and complex distributed projects. Some of these projects even have teams in other places in the world developing parts of the project. With the importance of these projects and the volume of actions that the final product will have to perform, a good design and separation between parts is probably the most important aspect of the project. If this is well done, changes can even be made to one part without affecting the other parts.
But
Care must be taken before choosing to use them. Each has its advantages and disadvantages. If it is the right choice to use one of them or which one to use depends on the project. |
When developing either plugins or components, there is a good list of requirements that must be met and that were enumerated in the previous sections.
It may seem, however, that some of this requirements can be dispensed in some occasions. For example, why use strategies like CORBA when it doesn't seem to be necessary? For the same reasons used at the beginning of this section to justify the need to establish them.
If we want to make use of the benefits that this technology enables, not complying with just one of the requirements will make the plugin/component-based strategy less robust and flexible. Regarding the example of the use of CORBA-like strategies, if later on there would be a need to have different platforms, for example, wrappers would have to be written to do the work this technology is responsible for.
Furthermore, Informatics Technology has evolved so much that the enumerated requirements can be handled with much less effort for the developer. The power that CORBA gives to application overcomes, in a good amount, the effort to use it.
Plugins and components, although they are very recent, are now very popular. A search on the web will present thousands of references to it.
Most of the concepts used are not new but only recently technology provided the means for them to evolve. Plugins and components would not be what they are without Middleware and shared libraries and many other facilities available today.
But although they are so recent, products like Netscape, AutoCAD, the Windows and Linux desktops and many others, are using them as an important part of the product.
Although they are combined in this document, plugins and components are very different and each has its particular advantages and disadvantages as also having different scopes. Nevertheless there are come common keywords that pop out in both.
separate a big problem in a set of small problems: their results will be the building blocks from which the final application is built
all the functionality needed by an unit should be integrated inside: thus, the unit can be deployed independently as an all
specify precisely how parts can communicate with each other: being a contract, both parts must respect the commitment they made by offering the functionality stated and keeping the interfaces has static as possible
It was the purpose of this document to be a tutorial to this interesting and popular technology. There was an effort that this tutorial would have both a good and complete theoretic part with precise and correct definitions and a complete characterization of the paradigms, and a useful practical part by focusing on important implementation aspects and providing simple examples and references to useful tools and products. There was also an effort in presenting the information in a clear way that would be both complete and motivating.
Although it was the purpose of this tutorial to present a complete theory, this document is still an introduction. Please refer to the links and references provided throughout the document for a deeper understanding.


01 Cube
02 Primitives
04 Custom geometry
05 Textures
06 Textures mapping
07 Mouse interaction
08 Materials
Scene interaction


I went to sea in a fishing smack, and I dangled a net over the side, and I caught, among minnows and weed, a cod. Then I steered for shore. At the quayside, I hurried to my chalet and I slapped the cod on my tabletop and, with great savagery, I gutted it with my bare hands, exposing its innards. I took the liver over to the draining-board, where I had ready a glass jar into the neck of which I'd stuck a funnel. I squeezed and squeezed the liver until my fists ached, until every last drop of oil had dripped down the funnel into the jar. Then I threw the funnel away and took a big iron spoon, and I poured oil out of the jar onto the spoon and inserted the spoon in my mouth and I drank the oil greedily, desperately, gurglingly.
And that, my syphilitic friends, is how I preserve my health, and why I can gambol ‘cross the greensward with the zip and vim of a monkey, when the fancy takes me.


3D Shape Solvers
Volume / Surface Area of a Cone
Volume / Surface Area of a Rectangular Prism
Volume / Surface Area of a Sphere
Volume / Surface Area of a Triangular Prism
A cube is just a rectangular prism with all even sides
Back to the Math Page


Factbox: M&As in vogue for luxury retailers seeking growth
(Reuters) - Louis Vuitton owner LVMH snapped up U.S. jeweler Tiffany & Co on Monday for $16.2 billion in its largest buyout ever, adding America’s biggest luxury name to its stable of brands.
Following is a list of luxury goods makers that have bought major fashion brands in the past few years:
LVMH
The French luxury group, which sells everything from wines to perfumes, has been on a shopping spree with more than 100 deals since 2010, according to Refinitiv data. Here are some of the notable purchases:
Capri Holdings Ltd
Formerly known as Michael Kors, the company transformed itself into a global house of high fashion brands with two major acquisition to take on larger European rivals. The acquisitions are:
Tapestry Inc
The high-end fashion house, formerly called Coach Inc, made two major purchases since 2015:
EssilorLuxottica SA
The Ray-Ban maker, which was formed last year in a 46 billion euros merger of Italy's Luxottica and France's lens manufacturer Essilor, agreed to buy Dutch opticians group GrandVision for 7.2 billion euros ($7.94 billion) earlier this year.(reut.rs/2KRN1yG)
Richemont
Cartier owner Richemont bought e-commerce portal Yoox Net-a-Porter (YNAP) for 2.8 billion euros ($3.09 billion) in 2018 to compete better in an expanding online market for luxury goods. (reut.rs/33nZYqB)


This rule fills the three form fields with their reversed value.
It is duplicated in every value function.
Let's start by creating a tab that can hold all library functions we create.
This buttons creates a new tab.
You can have up to seven tabs.
Press it now.
Now press the title of the tab ("New Rules") and rename it to "Libs".
Press Enter
or the green floppy disc symbol to save the name of the tab.
Renaming the tab makes it clear that this tab only contains library functions and is just a best practice.
To start I have inserted a library function stub in the code editor.
Since the tab can contain multiple library definitions it is an array ([])
.
Instead of name
and fields
keys that would be used in a normal rule you have export
and lib
.
export
defines the name under which the function will be accessible in the Libs
namespace.
In this case it will be Libs.reverseFieldValue()
.
The lib
key contains the function that will be executed. It can take an arbitrary number of parameters.
Here it takes just one : parameter
. We will pass in the value to reverse in here.
Next we must transfer one occurence of the reverse function to the lib
value.
Done.
Instead of using $e.val()
we use the parameter value and reverse that.
Let's look at the function call.
The value function simply calls Libs.reverseFieldValue()
.
The parameter is filled with the value of the found form field.
We can simplify the rule even further.
Since Form-O-Fill will call all value functions with the first parameter being the $element
that it has found via the selector we can just use that and remove the function()
part in the value function.
Let's see what that looks like.
Now it looks nice and clean.
That's a wrap for this tutorial. Have fun!


Becky Pearson is a 3rd year law student at the
University of San Francisco School of Law.
- "
- However, while watching Twelve Angry Men, I realized that
the film is atrociously outdated and overdramatized. I was ready to turn it off within the first thirty
minutes.
-
- "
- "
- I cant consider a film to be a "classic" if it doesnt continue to have
some application over time.
-
- "
-
-
-
|
|
Twelve Angry Men
by Becky Pearson
The film Twelve Angry Men is touted as
a rare representation of jury room deliberations and its complexities. While it is true
that Twelve Angry Men was one of the first films to venture into the jury room,
this fact alone is not enough to win me over. There seems to be a common perception that
if a movie is the first of its kind, it must be good. However, while watching Twelve
Angry Men, I realized that the film is atrociously outdated and overdramatized. I was
ready to turn it off within the first thirty minutes.
While this criticism may seem harsh, there are
several reasons I feel it is deserved. I will concede that the director effectively used
the confined space of the jury room plus the oppressive heat to evoke a feeling of
discomfort, which emphasized the tension of the jurors. But this subtle effect was
completely overshadowed by the melodrama that ensues. Granted, this film was made in the
mid-1950s when acting was approached in a different way than today, but the yelling among
the jurors was not only distracting, it was downright irritating. Perhaps the director was
trying to show the calmness of Henry Fonda compared to the volatile Lee J. Cobb, but it
didnt work for me. In the end, I only felt that the interactions among the jurors
didnt ring true. While one student in class pointed out that juries can be heated,
and I agree that jury members shouting at each other probably is common, I still
dont believe that complete strangers would use such personal attacks as seen in the
movie.
This leads me to my second reason for not
liking Twelve Angry Men. I might have been able to ignore the overacting, but I
couldnt ignore the schmaltzy ending. Lee J. Cobb spends the whole movie berating
other jurors and swearing that the defendant is guilty. We finally discover that he is the
sole hold-out because he is trying to punish his own son in some weird Freudian way. The
end culminates with Cobb dramatically tearing up his a picture of his son and having a
complete breakdown on the jury room table. I found the entire sequence so unbelievable
that it detracted significantly from the rest of the film. Many people may feel that it is
impossible for a juror to leave his or her personal experiences/baggage at the door. I
agree. Peoples experiences do shape how they view different situations. However, I
do not believe that Cobb=s personal fury at his son would so blind him that he would be
unable to recognize contrary evidence when that evidence was presented. While it is true
that people have a hard time changing their preconceived views, I couldnt swallow
that Cobb was unable to distinguish between his own son and the defendant.
My final reason for disliking the film was the
lack of any women or minorities on the jury. I dont know if these groups were
regularly represented on juries in the 1950s, but their absence is the primary reason I
think this film is outdated. While Twelve Angry Men may have been instructive on
jury deliberations in the >50s, it has no bearing on juries today. The presence of
women and minorities would have changed the entire interaction among the jurors. The
underlying theme of the film is that men are volatile and when angered, fly off the
handle. Having women and minorities present certainly would have changed this dynamic. The
men probably would have felt more inhibited yelling in front of or at women, and the
racial prejudices that were blatant in the film would have been directed at the minority
jurors. These observations are purely from a 1950s view, and Im sure would be very
different with a jury today (women are probably more vocal; men are probably less
inhibited in the presence of women/minorities; and racial prejudice, while still alive and
well, would be better hidden). While this complaint may seem relatively minor, the absence
of these groups from the jury seriously dates the film.
For me, watching an old film that seems to
have little if any modern relevance renders the film obsolete. I cant consider a
film to be a "classic" if it doesnt continue to have some application over
time. When I watch Alfred Hitchcock films, I dont have this problem. Take Rear
Window, for instance. There are certainly elements of that film which are outdated,
such as some of the interactions among men and women, but the key difference is that those
elements dont distract me from the overall film. Rear Window is just as
suspenseful and scary today as it was when it was first released. It truly is a
"classic" film because it still scares an audience today without being
overshadowed by its outdated elements.
Despite my criticisms of Twelve Angry Men,
there was an element of the film I did like. The scene where the old man admits that he
changed his vote because he felt that Henry Fonda=s courage to stand up against the other
jurors deserved some consideration. That was very powerful. I did feel that this type of
dynamic among jurors is probably very common today. When a majority of jurors are in
agreement against another juror, often it is easier for the juror to simply agree rather
than stand up against the majority. Twelve Angry Men did portray effectively the
difficulty of being on the minority side, and the importance of voicing that opinion in
order for the jury system to work.
While this element of the film did work for
me, it wasnt enough to overcome the elements of the film I didnt like. I did
have a nagging feeling while watching Twelve Angry Men that I should like it simply
because it is considered a "classic." However, to give this film a glowing
review because it is a "classic" would be the same as accepting the assumption
put forth in Twelve Angry Men: the jury reached the correct verdict by acquitting
the defendant. Twelve Angry Men was the first film of its kind to show the jury
system at work, and for that reason it is interesting to watch. However, looking at the
film today, it just doesnt stand up to the test of time.
Posted April 2000
|


| You may supply a name for your docking run (one word) | |
| Name |
| Structure definition | |
| Where is the structure provided? | |
| Which chain of the structure must be used? | |
| PDB structure to submit | |
| or: PDB code to download | |
| Restraint definition | |
| Data to drive the docking | |
| Please supply residues as comma-separated lists of residue numbers | |
| Active residues (directly involved in the interaction) | |
| Passive residues (surrounding surface residues) | |
| Define passive residues automatically around the active residues | |
| What kind of molecule are you docking? |
| Structure definition | |
| Where is the structure provided? | |
| Which chain of the structure must be used? | |
| PDB structure to submit | |
| or: PDB code to download | |
| Restraint definition | |
| Data to drive the docking | |
| Please supply residues as comma-separated lists of residue numbers | |
| Active residues (directly involved in the interaction) | |
| Passive residues (surrounding surface residues) | |
| Define passive residues automatically around the active residues | |
| What kind of molecule are you docking? |
| Username and password | |
| Username | |
| Password | |


| Site | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Broken Hill GP Super Clinic | ||||||||||||
| South Medical Centre |
| Site | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Broken Hill GP Super Clinic | ||||||||||||
| South Medical Centre |
| Site | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Broken Hill GP Super Clinic | ||||||||||||
| South Medical Centre |


QU Health System
Home
(current)
Print
Cardiac Arrest
Patient Identification
Patient ID
Firstname
Lastname
Medical Personal Involvement
Documenter
Timing Details
Date Started
Date Ended
Total Duration
Patient Details
Patient Status:
Transfered to:
Family Notified
Code Events
#
Date
State
Action Performed
Completed By
Notes
Signatures


|
[t] Dear {$voornaam} {$tussenvoegsel} {$achternaam}, [/t]
[t]Thank you for applying to: {$functie_o} [/t]
[t]We will contact you within a few days, to inform you about the first screening results. You can contact me by e-mail or telephone if you have any questions.
Kind regards, {$contactpersonage}
{$klant} [/t]
|


Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. .
Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book.


| DOSE: |
0.5 g |
oral |
Kratom |
(extract) |
Subject: 34 year old male in very good physical condition. Not a user of alcohol, caffeine, or nicotine.
Setting: A pleasant early summer evening in a backyard garden and on a comfortable sofa in front of the stereo. Solitary. Very relaxed following a day of unstressfull work, bicycling, jogging, and yoga.
Preparation: Half a gram (0.5g) of 15x Kratom extract steeped for five minutes in one cup of boiled water. Honey and another cup of cold water added. Consumed in a minute or two.
Experience: The tea wasn't bad tasting. Much like a slightly bitter tea.
Consumed at 7:00pm. No other chemicals in my system.
T+ 0:10: I feel slight waves of exhilaration, paired with the beginning or a pleasant warmth.
T+ 0:20: A heavy stoning has set in. I take a quick shower and emerge to begin a dreamy evening.
T+ 0:50: Showered and clothed in shorts and a tee shirt, I go into the backyard to enjoy the warm evening. I spend some time weeding the garden and pick a few blueberries. The effect of the Kratom feels like codeine or percocet, with an extra dulling of the brain. The intensity peaks around this time.
T+ 1:50: I entertain taking a walk or going for a casual bike ride or perhaps reading, but never seem to take the initiative to embark on any of these tasks. Instead, I find myself laying on the sofa, listening to some ambient drone and sound collage recordings.
T+ 3:30: Much more time has passed than I expected. I rouse myself from the couch and go to the basement to plug in the guitar and play a bit. I find myself working with simple repeated phrases with lots of reverb and delay. Calm. Feeling a bit less stoning. Still enjoying myself.
T+ 4:30: Start feeling I should go to bed. First, I get online and order more Kratom. Ten more grams of 15x extract will soon be on its way. I'm eager to share the experience with friends.
T+ 5:15: I put myself to bed and quickly fall asleep.
----
T+ 14:30: Wake at 9:30am, a couple hours later than usual. It's hard to motivate to get out of bed, which is not typical for me. I'm usually up and beginning the day within minutes of waking. Today I am sluggish.
T+ 15:30: Finally up and out walking the dog. I feel hung over. I'm somewhat depressed. I feel an undercurrent of anxiety. My limbs are heavy. Existence is unpleasant.
T+ 15:45: I notice I'm easily frustrated. Normally, I feel relaxed walking my dog. Today, I'm quick to be annoyed. Other people, dogs, traffic, and even the sunshine are getting under my skin. I force myself to take deep breaths and try to relax.
T+ 16:45: I should be working. I can't concentrate. I can't focus. I feel disassociated from my surroundings. I feel like garbage. I notice a slight nausea. Still depressed. Still low level anxiety.
T+ 18:00: I force myself to eat. The nausea increases. I develop a headache. I take two Tylenol. I continue to try to work. No improvement mentally.
T+ 20:00: I give up on working and go for a short bike ride. I become a bit lost in my own neighborhood. Nothing seems familiar. My brain feels dull. I go home and feel like a fool for having ordered more Kratom before checking my state the day after.
T+ 21:00: I feel exhausted and fall asleep on the couch.
T+ 24:30: I wake from the nap, and decide to salvage the day with a bike ride. I'm feeling somewhat better, but still mentally uncomfortable. The bike ride becomes a 30 mile loop ending at sunset. I notice that at times while riding I actually feel good.
T+ 27:00: Back from biking, I play guitar again. Still a bit dull in the head. Still slightly disassociated.
T+ 29:00: Going to bed feeling like I wasted a beautiful day by feeling like garbage. Hoping a good night's sleep finds me back to myself tomorrow. I will definitely not be going back to Kratom. Not sure what to do when my order arrives. I don't want to subject any friends to this. Maybe I'll give it to my enemies.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


This is a prototype application built by DataLA -- the initiative to open up data from public institutions in Los Angeles and make it available and useful to citizens. This app was built by pulling data from the County and redeploying technology built by the City of Chicago. The Flu Shot app has been redeployed by many different cities, showing the opportunity for open data and reusable code to solve common problems. The code behind this web application is free, open, and under a MIT License. Feel free to send us comments.
Welcome to LA's Flu Shot Finder
This is a prototype application, designed to showcase the usefulness of open data.The City of Los Angeles does not commit to the accuracy of the data.
The County of Los Angeles runs a county-wide program to help you and your family and friends get a flu shot in this season; they are free and available across the region at various locations for the next month. Built on open data, this site helps you find the most convenient option.
If your device has GPS, you may click on the Find Me button to see locations near you.  Click on All, Next 7 Days, or On A Day of the week to highlight locations available on a certain day.


RenderTarget class
Basic usage
The RenderTarget class is just a class that creates Frame Buffer Objects (FBO). You can render a plane to a render a target instead of your canvas and then use that render target either by assigning it to a ShaderPass or by grabbing its content (ie its Texture) and use it in another plane.
Please note that render targets (and therefore shader passes) disable the WebGL context default antialiasing. If you use them, you should set the antialias Curtains property to false when initiating your context.
You might then want to add an extra antialiasing pass, by using the built-in FXAAPass class or your own FXAA or MSAA implementation.
See the Post processing scrolling wheel with custom transform origin for an example of how to add a FXAAPass.
Creation
To create a new render target, just use its constructor:
To use it you'll have to apply it to a plane by using the setRenderTarget of our Plane class.
Using a RenderTarget texture in a plane
Assigning a RenderTarget to a ShaderPass
You can decide to add a ShaderPass to a defined set of plane instead of your whole scene. By combining a shader pass with a render target, you'll be able to add an additional pass to all the planes that use that render target.
Check the Selective shader passes using render targets example to see how you can apply different shader passes to different bunch of planes.
Parameters
Here is the complete list of mandatory and optional parameters for the render target:
- curtains Curtains class object Your Curtains class object.
-
params
object, optional
an object containing the render target parameters:
- depth bool, optional Whether to create a depth buffer (handle depth inside your render target). Default to false.
- clear bool, optional Whether the content of the render target should be cleared before being drawn. Should be set to false to handle ping-pong shading. Default to true.
- maxWidth float, optional Maximum width of the render target.
- maxHeight float, optional Maximum height of the render target.
- minWidth float, optional Minimum width of the render target. Default to 1024.
- minHeight float, optional Minimum height of the render target. Default to 1024.
- texturesOptions object, optional Default options to apply to the texture of the render target. See the Texture class parameters.
Properties
-
index(integer): v5.0 read only
The index of the render target in the renderTargets array.
-
gl (WebGL context) v7.0read only
Our WebGL context.
-
renderer (Renderer class object): v7.0read only
The renderer created by our curtains object.
-
textures(array): v5.0
An array of length 1 containing the only render target's Texture.
-
type (string): v7.0read only
Class object type: "RenderTarget".
-
userData (object): v5.0
An empty object to store any additional data or custom properties into your render target.
-
uuid (string): v6.0read only
The render target's unique identifier.
Methods
-
getTexture(): v7.0
Returns the render target texture to be used later.
returns: the render target texture.
-
remove(): v7.0
This function will remove the render target from our Curtains object and renderer and delete its texture. It will also update all other render targets indexes.


All
Graph Viewer
Edge Shaper
Node Shaper
Force-Based Layout
JSON Adapter
Arango Adapter
Event Dispatcher
Event Library
Colour Mapper
Zoom Manager
Node Reducer


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Module: Translation¶
Overview¶
This module provides I18N features and automates loading translations from language files. The translation is organized as a directory tree under a configurable base URI. Translation files are loaded upfront and guaranteed to be ready before the first translation happens.
var trans = new Translation();
trans.select("en");
The example above loads the translation from locales/en/translation.json
relative to the current HTML file. The
translation file should be a file with a JSON object.
{ "GREETING": "Hello World!" }
All methods are asynchronous operations and return a Promise
which resolves with a translation function. The translation
function can be used to translate keywords to a phrase in the according language.
trans.select("en").then(function(_t) {
var str = _t("GREETING"); // "Hello World!"
));
Translation files¶
Organize your translation files in a hierarchical manner under locales
. Each languages should go into a separate
directory. Each translation can go by a unique filename called a namespace
. Default namespace is translation
.
locales/
en/
translation.js
login.js
en_us/
login.js
de/
translation.js
login.js
In this example we have two namespaces - “translation” and “login” - and three languages “en”, “en_us” and “de”. The language “en_us” is a more specific version of the language “en”. Note that there is no file for the “translation” namespace for US English. That’s ok because Module: Translation uses the less specific variant if there is no suitable language file. If “en_us” is selected for the “translation” namespace, “en” is used instead. Additionally, if a non-existent or unimplemented language is selected the default language is selected.
Namespaces, base URI and default languages are configurable through the constructor.
Dependencies¶
This module uses the following libraries and modules:
| Module | Repository | AMD module alias |
|---|---|---|
| superagent | https://github.com/visionmedia/superagent | superagent |
| underscore | https://github.com/jashkenas/underscore | _ |
All dependencies are provided in the dist
directory at https://github.com/datenwelt/cargo-js.git. Additionally
Module: Translation depends on a Promise/A+ implementation with an implementation of the Promise.all
method.
API¶
Constructor¶
var trans = new Translation(options)
Parameters
options
An object which configures the current instance of the translation. The following options are supported:
{
baseURI: 'locales/',
namespace: 'translation',
languages: ['en'],
defaultLang: 'en',
}
options.baseURI (string)¶
The base URI where the translation files are located. The default location is “locales/” relative
to the current HTML file. If the current document location ends with a file extension (like .html
.php) it is assumed that the current location is a file and the corresponding folder is used as
base for the “locales/” folder. Example: http://localhost/index.html
resolves to http://localhost/locales/
.
options.namespace (string)¶
Determines the filename for the translation files. A namespace of “login” would result in translation files
to be expected at {baseURI}/{lang}/login.json
.
options.languages (array)¶
An array with languages to load. Languages can be unspecific like “en” or more specific like “en_us”. The latter form describes the language English in its US American variant. If there is no unspecific variant for a language, the first specific variant takes its place. Note that this module does not fail if one or more of the languages don’t load. The best guess is used in place which is the unspecific language if a specific variant is missing and the default language if the unspecific variant is missing too. If the default language fails to load, the resulting translation object is empty.
options.defaultLang (string)¶
The default language to use when loading or selecting a language fails and no unspecific variant is available.
Return value
A new translation instance with the following methods.
The translation function¶
All methods changing the configuration of the translation instance return a Promise which resolves with the translation
function. The translation function receives the key as a mandatory argument selecting the phrase from the JSON object
within the translation files. The second parameter is an optional namespace which maps to the name of the corresponding
JSON file holding that JSON object. If the second parameter is omitted, the default namespace translation
is used.
var trans = new Translation( { /* ... */ });
trans.select('en').then(function(_t) {
var str = _t("submit", "login");
});
In this example the language “en” is selected and the Promise resolves with the translation function _t()
. That
function is called with the key "submit"
from the namespace "login"
. The corresponding JSON object is loaded from
the file ./locales/en/login.json
and the value of its property "submit"
is used as the translated phrase.
Method: select(lang)¶
trans.select(lang)
Selects a language. If the language is a specific variant like “en_US” or “de_AT” the next unspecific variant is tried (“en” or “de”). If the unspecific variant is unavailable, the default language is used. If the default language is unavailable, an empty translation is used.
Parameters
lang
A string with the language code like “en” or “en_us”.
Return value
A promise which resolves with a translation function.
trans.select(lang)¶
trans.select(lang)
Selects a language. If the language is a specific variant like “en_US” or “de_AT” the next unspecific variant is tried (“en” or “de”). If the unspecific variant is unavailable, the default language is used. If the default language is unavailable, an empty translation is used.
Parameters
lang
A string with the language code like “en” or “en_us”.
Return value
A promise which resolves with a translation function.
trans.setDefaultLanguage(lang)¶
trans.setDefaultLanguage(lang)
Sets the default language to be used if there is neither a translation available for the selected language nor for its more general language variant (as “en” is for “en_us”).
Parameters
lang
A string with the language code like “en” or “en_us”.
Return value
A promise which resolves with a translation function.
trans.setNamespace(namespace)¶
trans.setNamespace(namespace)
Sets the namespace to be used for translations. Translations can be split up into different translation files
where each file holds one namespace. All previously loaded namespaces are removed leaving namespace
as the
only (and default) namespace.
Parameters
namespace
The namespace to set.
Return value
A promise which resolves with a translation function.
trans.addNamespace(namespace)¶
trans.addNamespace(namespace)
Adds a namespace to be used for translations. Translations can be split up into different translation files where each file holds one namespace.
Parameters
namespace
The namespace to add.
Return value
A promise which resolves with a translation function.
trans.translate(key, namespace)¶
var str = trans.translate(key, namespace)
Uses the currently selected language and returns the phrase corresponding to key
from namespace
.
Parameters
key
The key of the phrase within the namespace.
namespace
(optional)
The namespace to load the phrase from. If omitted, the default namespace is used.
Return value
The phrase belonging to key
in the namespace namespace
.
trans.i18n()¶
var _t = trans.i18n()
Returns the translation function for the currently selected language.
Parameters
This function does not have any parameters.
Return value
The current translation function.
trans.createHandlebarsHelper()¶
var helper = trans.createHandlebarsHelper();
Handlebars.registerHelper("i18n", helper);
Can be used in handlebars templates to inject phrases from the translation.
<h1>{{i18n GREETING LOGIN}}</h1>
Creates a function that can be registered as a helper in your Handlebars environment. The helper is automatically
updated with the current translation function for the selected language. Whenever the language changes, the handlebars
helper renders the text in the new language. The helper receives the same parameters as the translation function (key
and
optionally namespace
).
Note that this method does not depend directly on Handlebars. It just creates a function that is compliant with the Handlebars API. You may use the function in any other appropriate templating engine or in any other context.
Parameters
This function does not have any parameters.
Return value
A handlebars compatible helper function which can be registered in your Handlebars environment.


| 15 Nov 1835 |
Halley's Comet at perihelion. |
| 30 Nov 1835 |
Samuel Langhorne Clemens born, Florida MO. |
| 22 Jan 1845 |
Samuel Langhorne Clemens an eyewitness to the murder of Sam Smarr. |
| 24 Mar 1847 |
Father, John M. Clemens, dies. |
| 9 Apr 1859 |
Receives steamboat pilot license. |
| 21 May 1861 |
Becomes a Mason, joining the St. Louis, Missouri lodge. |
| Jun 1861 |
Joins a Confederate militia for two weeks, the Marion Rangers. |
| 4 Oct 1862 |
Twain's Petrified Man hoax article published in the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise. |
| 3 Feb 1863 |
First uses the pseudonym Mark Twain. |
| 28 Oct 1863 |
Publishes an entirely fabricated story in the Territorial Enterprise, "A Bloody Massacre Near Carson." |
| Mar 1867 |
The Jumping Frog of Calaveras County. |
| 2 Feb 1870 |
Marries Olivia (Livy) Langdon, Elmira NY. |
| 7 Nov 1870 |
Son, Langdon Clemens, born (premature.) |
| 2 Jun 1872 |
Son, Langdon Clemens, dies, Hartford CT. |
| Jan 1876 |
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. |
| 1879 |
Gives his thoughts in a speech, Mark Twain on Masturbation, at the Stomach Club, Paris. |
| 26 Jul 1880 |
Daughter, Jean Clemens, born, Elmira NY. |
| 10 Dec 1884 |
Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. |
| 1885 |
Publishes the autobiography of Ulysses S Grant. |
| 27 Oct 1890 |
Mother, Jane Lampton Clemens, dies. |
| Oct 1891 |
Translates Der Struwwelpeter. |
| 18 Aug 1896 |
Daughter, Olivia Susan (Suzy) Clemens, dies, Hartford CT. |
| 2 Jan 1897 |
Reports of Twain's death "greatly exaggerated." In Twain's notebook: "Came Mr. White, representing the N.Y. Journal with two cablegrams from his paper. (1) 'If Mark Twain dying in poverty, in London, send 500 words.' (2) 'Later. If Mark Twain has died in poverty send 1000 words.'" Twain's response: "James Ross Clemens, a cousin, was seriously ill here two or three weeks ago, but is well now. The report of my illness grew out of his illness; the report of my death was an exaggeration. I have not been ill. Mark Twain." |
| 1897 |
Begins work on unfinished The Chronicle of Young Satan. |
| 14 Aug 1902 |
"I am always reading immoral books on the sly, and then selfishly trying to prevent other people from having the same wicked good time." Letter to the Denver Post, regarding General Funston's ban of Huckleberry Finn from the Denver Public Library. |
| 5 Jun 1904 |
Wife Livy dies, Florence Italy. |
| 1905 |
A Humane Word For Satan. |
| 1909 |
Is Shakespeare dead? |
| 19 Apr 1910 |
Halley's Comet at perihelion. |
| 21 Apr 1910 |
Mark Twain dies of angina pectoris at 6:30 pm, Redding CT. Buried in Elmira, NY. |


Toyota Yaris GR-4 Rumored To Pack Three-Cylinder Turbo Engine
The GR-4's debut could still come before the end of the year.
by Chris BruceWhile there's a delay in the Toyota Yaris GR-4's debut, new details about the upcoming hot hatch are leaking out. Like the World Rally Championship model, this vehicle has all-wheel drive, but unlike the competition version's turbocharged four-cylinder, there's allegedly a turbocharged three-cylinder in the engine bay of the GR-4, according to Japan's Motor Magazine.
It's Coming Soon:
The new debut date for the Yaris GR-4 is a mystery. Motor Magazine suggests that the unveiling could happen before the end of the year. If not, though, look for an arrival at the Tokyo Auto Salon in January.
Unlike the Yaris GRMN's limited production run, the GR-4 would be a standard production model. Motor Magazine indicates that Toyota intends to produce around 1,000 units a month of this new Yaris hot hatch. In Japan, the performance-focused version goes on sale in mid-2020. It's not clear when the model might arrive in Europe. Unfortunately, the GR-4 is not coming to America.
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In addition to the road-going version, Toyota will also allegedly build a competition version for series like the WRC R5 class and All Japan Rally Championship. The major difference will be that these racing variants will use a 1.6-liter turbocharged four-cylinder.
Gallery: Next-Gen Toyota Yaris Sport Spy Photos
Spy shots already appear to show the Yaris GR-4's development. The vehicle seems to wear broader fenders in front. The hot hatch rides on bronze-finish wheels with low-profile tires. The ride height also looks lower than a stock Yaris, suggesting a more aggressive suspension setup.
Source: Motor Magazine, Car View