| Top |
| GActionGroup * | action-group | Write |
| gchar * | application-id | Read / Write / Construct |
| GApplicationFlags | flags | Read / Write |
| guint | inactivity-timeout | Read / Write |
| gboolean | is-registered | Read |
| gboolean | is-remote | Read |
| gchar * | resource-base-path | Read / Write |
| void | activate | Run Last |
| gint | command-line | Run Last |
| gint | handle-local-options | Run Last |
| void | open | Run Last |
| void | shutdown | Run Last |
| void | startup | Run First |
A GApplication is the foundation of an application. It wraps some low-level platform-specific services and is intended to act as the foundation for higher-level application classes such as GtkApplication or MxApplication. In general, you should not use this class outside of a higher level framework.
GApplication provides convenient life cycle management by maintaining
a "use count" for the primary application instance. The use count can
be changed using g_application_hold()
and g_application_release()
. If
it drops to zero, the application exits. Higher-level classes such as
GtkApplication employ the use count to ensure that the application
stays alive as long as it has any opened windows.
Another feature that GApplication (optionally) provides is process uniqueness. Applications can make use of this functionality by providing a unique application ID. If given, only one application with this ID can be running at a time per session. The session concept is platform-dependent, but corresponds roughly to a graphical desktop login. When your application is launched again, its arguments are passed through platform communication to the already running program. The already running instance of the program is called the "primary instance"; for non-unique applications this is the always the current instance. On Linux, the D-Bus session bus is used for communication.
The use of GApplication differs from some other commonly-used
uniqueness libraries (such as libunique) in important ways. The
application is not expected to manually register itself and check
if it is the primary instance. Instead, the main()
function of a
GApplication should do very little more than instantiating the
application instance, possibly connecting signal handlers, then
calling g_application_run()
. All checks for uniqueness are done
internally. If the application is the primary instance then the
startup signal is emitted and the mainloop runs. If the application
is not the primary instance then a signal is sent to the primary
instance and g_application_run()
promptly returns. See the code
examples below.
If used, the expected form of an application identifier is very close
to that of of a
DBus bus name.
Examples include: "com.example.MyApp", "org.example.internal-apps.Calculator".
For details on valid application identifiers, see g_application_id_is_valid()
.
On Linux, the application identifier is claimed as a well-known bus name
on the user's session bus. This means that the uniqueness of your
application is scoped to the current session. It also means that your
application may provide additional services (through registration of other
object paths) at that bus name. The registration of these object paths
should be done with the shared GDBus session bus. Note that due to the
internal architecture of GDBus, method calls can be dispatched at any time
(even if a main loop is not running). For this reason, you must ensure that
any object paths that you wish to register are registered before GApplication
attempts to acquire the bus name of your application (which happens in
g_application_register()
). Unfortunately, this means that you cannot use
g_application_get_is_remote()
to decide if you want to register object paths.
GApplication also implements the GActionGroup and GActionMap
interfaces and lets you easily export actions by adding them with
g_action_map_add_action()
. When invoking an action by calling
g_action_group_activate_action()
on the application, it is always
invoked in the primary instance. The actions are also exported on
the session bus, and GIO provides the GDBusActionGroup wrapper to
conveniently access them remotely. GIO provides a GDBusMenuModel wrapper
for remote access to exported GMenuModels.
There is a number of different entry points into a GApplication:
via 'Activate' (i.e. just starting the application)
via 'Open' (i.e. opening some files)
by handling a command-line
via activating an action
The “startup” signal lets you handle the application initialization for all of these in a single place.
Regardless of which of these entry points is used to start the
application, GApplication passes some "platform data from the
launching instance to the primary instance, in the form of a
GVariant dictionary mapping strings to variants. To use platform
data, override the before_emit
or after_emit
virtual functions
in your GApplication subclass. When dealing with
GApplicationCommandLine objects, the platform data is
directly available via g_application_command_line_get_cwd()
,
g_application_command_line_get_environ()
and
g_application_command_line_get_platform_data()
.
As the name indicates, the platform data may vary depending on the
operating system, but it always includes the current directory (key
"cwd"), and optionally the environment (ie the set of environment
variables and their values) of the calling process (key "environ").
The environment is only added to the platform data if the
G_APPLICATION_SEND_ENVIRONMENT
flag is set. GApplication subclasses
can add their own platform data by overriding the add_platform_data
virtual function. For instance, GtkApplication adds startup notification
data in this way.
To parse commandline arguments you may handle the
“command-line” signal or override the local_command_line()
vfunc, to parse them in either the primary instance or the local instance,
respectively.
For an example of opening files with a GApplication, see gapplication-example-open.c.
For an example of using actions with GApplication, see gapplication-example-actions.c.
For an example of using extra D-Bus hooks with GApplication, see gapplication-example-dbushooks.c.
gboolean
g_application_id_is_valid (const gchar *application_id
);
Checks if application_id
is a valid application identifier.
A valid ID is required for calls to g_application_new()
and
g_application_set_application_id()
.
For convenience, the restrictions on application identifiers are reproduced here:
Application identifiers must contain only the ASCII characters "A-Z[0-9]_-." and must not begin with a digit.
Application identifiers must contain at least one '.' (period) character (and thus at least three elements).
Application identifiers must not begin or end with a '.' (period) character.
Application identifiers must not contain consecutive '.' (period) characters.
Application identifiers must not exceed 255 characters.
GApplication * g_application_new (const gchar *application_id
,GApplicationFlags flags
);
Creates a new GApplication instance.
If non-NULL
, the application id must be valid. See
g_application_id_is_valid()
.
If no application ID is given then some features of GApplication (most notably application uniqueness) will be disabled.
const gchar *
g_application_get_application_id (GApplication *application
);
Gets the unique identifier for application
.
Since 2.28
void g_application_set_application_id (GApplication *application
,const gchar *application_id
);
Sets the unique identifier for application
.
The application id can only be modified if application
has not yet
been registered.
If non-NULL
, the application id must be valid. See
g_application_id_is_valid()
.
Since 2.28
guint
g_application_get_inactivity_timeout (GApplication *application
);
Gets the current inactivity timeout for the application.
This is the amount of time (in milliseconds) after the last call to
g_application_release()
before the application stops running.
Since 2.28
void g_application_set_inactivity_timeout (GApplication *application
,guint inactivity_timeout
);
Sets the current inactivity timeout for the application.
This is the amount of time (in milliseconds) after the last call to
g_application_release()
before the application stops running.
This call has no side effects of its own. The value set here is only
used for next time g_application_release()
drops the use count to
zero. Any timeouts currently in progress are not impacted.
Since 2.28
GApplicationFlags
g_application_get_flags (GApplication *application
);
Gets the flags for application
.
See GApplicationFlags.
Since 2.28
void g_application_set_flags (GApplication *application
,GApplicationFlags flags
);
Sets the flags for application
.
The flags can only be modified if application
has not yet been
registered.
See GApplicationFlags.
Since 2.28
const gchar *
g_application_get_resource_base_path (GApplication *application
);
Gets the resource base path of application
.
See g_application_set_resource_base_path()
for more information.
Since 2.42
void g_application_set_resource_base_path (GApplication *application
,const gchar *resource_path
);
Sets (or unsets) the base resource path of application
.
The path is used to automatically load various
By default, the resource base path is determined from the application ID by prefixing '/' and replacing each '.' with '/'. This is done at the time that the GApplication object is constructed. Changes to the application ID after that point will not have an impact on the resource base path.
As an example, if the application has an ID of "org.example.app" then the default resource base path will be "/org/example/app". If this is a GtkApplication (and you have not manually changed the path) then Gtk will then search for the menus of the application at "/org/example/app/gtk/menus.ui".
See GResource for more information about adding resources to your application.
You can disable automatic resource loading functionality by setting
the path to NULL
.
Changing the resource base path once the application is running is not recommended. The point at which the resource path is consulted for forming paths for various purposes is unspecified.
Since 2.42
GDBusConnection *
g_application_get_dbus_connection (GApplication *application
);
Gets the GDBusConnection being used by the application, or NULL
.
If GApplication is using its D-Bus backend then this function will return the GDBusConnection being used for uniqueness and communication with the desktop environment and other instances of the application.
If GApplication is not using D-Bus then this function will return
NULL
. This includes the situation where the D-Bus backend would
normally be in use but we were unable to connect to the bus.
This function must not be called before the application has been
registered. See g_application_get_is_registered()
.
Since 2.34
const gchar *
g_application_get_dbus_object_path (GApplication *application
);
Gets the D-Bus object path being used by the application, or NULL
.
If GApplication is using its D-Bus backend then this function will return the D-Bus object path that GApplication is using. If the application is the primary instance then there is an object published at this path. If the application is not the primary instance then the result of this function is undefined.
If GApplication is not using D-Bus then this function will return
NULL
. This includes the situation where the D-Bus backend would
normally be in use but we were unable to connect to the bus.
This function must not be called before the application has been
registered. See g_application_get_is_registered()
.
Since 2.34
void g_application_set_action_group (GApplication *application
,GActionGroup *action_group
);
g_application_set_action_group
has been deprecated since version 2.32 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Use the GActionMap interface instead. Never ever
mix use of this API with use of GActionMap on the same application
or things will go very badly wrong. This function is known to
introduce buggy behaviour (ie: signals not emitted on changes to the
action group), so you should really use GActionMap instead.
This used to be how actions were associated with a GApplication. Now there is GActionMap for that.
Since 2.28
gboolean
g_application_get_is_registered (GApplication *application
);
Checks if application
is registered.
An application is registered if g_application_register()
has been
successfully called.
Since 2.28
gboolean
g_application_get_is_remote (GApplication *application
);
Checks if application
is remote.
If application
is remote then it means that another instance of
application already exists (the 'primary' instance). Calls to
perform actions on application
will result in the actions being
performed by the primary instance.
The value of this property cannot be accessed before
g_application_register()
has been called. See
g_application_get_is_registered()
.
Since 2.28
gboolean g_application_register (GApplication *application
,GCancellable *cancellable
,GError **error
);
Attempts registration of the application.
This is the point at which the application discovers if it is the primary instance or merely acting as a remote for an already-existing primary instance. This is implemented by attempting to acquire the application identifier as a unique bus name on the session bus using GDBus.
If there is no application ID or if G_APPLICATION_NON_UNIQUE
was
given, then this process will always become the primary instance.
Due to the internal architecture of GDBus, method calls can be dispatched at any time (even if a main loop is not running). For this reason, you must ensure that any object paths that you wish to register are registered before calling this function.
If the application has already been registered then TRUE
is
returned with no work performed.
The “startup” signal is emitted if registration succeeds
and application
is the primary instance (including the non-unique
case).
In the event of an error (such as cancellable
being cancelled, or a
failure to connect to the session bus), FALSE
is returned and error
is set appropriately.
Note: the return value of this function is not an indicator that this
instance is or is not the primary instance of the application. See
g_application_get_is_remote()
for that.
Since 2.28
void
g_application_hold (GApplication *application
);
Increases the use count of application
.
Use this function to indicate that the application has a reason to
continue to run. For example, g_application_hold()
is called by GTK+
when a toplevel window is on the screen.
To cancel the hold, call g_application_release()
.
void
g_application_release (GApplication *application
);
Decrease the use count of application
.
When the use count reaches zero, the application will stop running.
Never call this function except to cancel the effect of a previous
call to g_application_hold()
.
void
g_application_quit (GApplication *application
);
Immediately quits the application.
Upon return to the mainloop, g_application_run()
will return,
calling only the 'shutdown' function before doing so.
The hold count is ignored.
The result of calling g_application_run()
again after it returns is
unspecified.
Since 2.32
void
g_application_activate (GApplication *application
);
Activates the application.
In essence, this results in the “activate” signal being emitted in the primary instance.
The application must be registered before calling this function.
Since 2.28
void g_application_open (GApplication *application
,GFile **files
,gint n_files
,const gchar *hint
);
Opens the given files.
In essence, this results in the “open” signal being emitted in the primary instance.
n_files
must be greater than zero.
hint
is simply passed through to the ::open signal. It is
intended to be used by applications that have multiple modes for
opening files (eg: "view" vs "edit", etc). Unless you have a need
for this functionality, you should use "".
The application must be registered before calling this function
and it must have the G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_OPEN
flag set.
Since 2.28
void g_application_send_notification (GApplication *application
,const gchar *id
,GNotification *notification
);
Sends a notification on behalf of application
to the desktop shell.
There is no guarantee that the notification is displayed immediately,
or even at all.
Notifications may persist after the application exits. It will be D-Bus-activated when the notification or one of its actions is activated.
Modifying notification
after this call has no effect. However, the
object can be reused for a later call to this function.
id
may be any string that uniquely identifies the event for the
application. It does not need to be in any special format. For
example, "new-message" might be appropriate for a notification about
new messages.
If a previous notification was sent with the same id
, it will be
replaced with notification
and shown again as if it was a new
notification. This works even for notifications sent from a previous
execution of the application, as long as id
is the same string.
id
may be NULL
, but it is impossible to replace or withdraw
notifications without an id.
If notification
is no longer relevant, it can be withdrawn with
g_application_withdraw_notification()
.
application |
||
id |
id of the notification, or |
[allow-none] |
notification |
the GNotification to send |
Since 2.40
void g_application_withdraw_notification (GApplication *application
,const gchar *id
);
Withdraws a notification that was sent with
g_application_send_notification()
.
This call does nothing if a notification with id
doesn't exist or
the notification was never sent.
This function works even for notifications sent in previous
executions of this application, as long id
is the same as it was for
the sent notification.
Note that notifications are dismissed when the user clicks on one of the buttons in a notification or triggers its default action, so there is no need to explicitly withdraw the notification in that case.
Since 2.40
int g_application_run (GApplication *application
,int argc
,char **argv
);
Runs the application.
This function is intended to be run from main()
and its return value
is intended to be returned by main()
. Although you are expected to pass
the argc
, argv
parameters from main()
to this function, it is possible
to pass NULL
if argv
is not available or commandline handling is not
required. Note that on Windows, argc
and argv
are ignored, and
g_win32_get_command_line()
is called internally (for proper support
of Unicode commandline arguments).
GApplication will attempt to parse the commandline arguments. You
can add commandline flags to the list of recognised options by way of
g_application_add_main_option_entries()
. After this, the
“handle-local-options” signal is emitted, from which the
application can inspect the values of its GOptionEntrys.
“handle-local-options” is a good place to handle options
such as --version
, where an immediate reply from the local process is
desired (instead of communicating with an already-running instance).
A “handle-local-options” handler can stop further processing
by returning a non-negative value, which then becomes the exit status of
the process.
What happens next depends on the flags: if
G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_COMMAND_LINE
was specified then the remaining
commandline arguments are sent to the primary instance, where a
“command-line” signal is emitted. Otherwise, the
remaining commandline arguments are assumed to be a list of files.
If there are no files listed, the application is activated via the
“activate” signal. If there are one or more files, and
G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_OPEN
was specified then the files are opened
via the “open” signal.
If you are interested in doing more complicated local handling of the
commandline then you should implement your own GApplication subclass
and override local_command_line()
. In this case, you most likely want
to return TRUE
from your local_command_line()
implementation to
suppress the default handling. See
gapplication-example-cmdline2.c
for an example.
If, after the above is done, the use count of the application is zero then the exit status is returned immediately. If the use count is non-zero then the default main context is iterated until the use count falls to zero, at which point 0 is returned.
If the G_APPLICATION_IS_SERVICE
flag is set, then the service will
run for as much as 10 seconds with a use count of zero while waiting
for the message that caused the activation to arrive. After that,
if the use count falls to zero the application will exit immediately,
except in the case that g_application_set_inactivity_timeout()
is in
use.
This function sets the prgname (g_set_prgname()
), if not already set,
to the basename of argv[0]. Since 2.38, if G_APPLICATION_IS_SERVICE
is specified, the prgname is set to the application ID. The main
impact of this is is that the wmclass of windows created by Gtk+ will
be set accordingly, which helps the window manager determine which
application is showing the window.
Since 2.40, applications that are not explicitly flagged as services
or launchers (ie: neither G_APPLICATION_IS_SERVICE
or
G_APPLICATION_IS_LAUNCHER
are given as flags) will check (from the
default handler for local_command_line) if "--gapplication-service"
was given in the command line. If this flag is present then normal
commandline processing is interrupted and the
G_APPLICATION_IS_SERVICE
flag is set. This provides a "compromise"
solution whereby running an application directly from the commandline
will invoke it in the normal way (which can be useful for debugging)
while still allowing applications to be D-Bus activated in service
mode. The D-Bus service file should invoke the executable with
"--gapplication-service" as the sole commandline argument. This
approach is suitable for use by most graphical applications but
should not be used from applications like editors that need precise
control over when processes invoked via the commandline will exit and
what their exit status will be.
Since 2.28
void g_application_add_main_option_entries (GApplication *application
,const GOptionEntry *entries
);
Adds main option entries to be handled by application
.
This function is comparable to g_option_context_add_main_entries()
.
After the commandline arguments are parsed, the
“handle-local-options” signal will be emitted. At this
point, the application can inspect the values pointed to by arg_data
in the given GOptionEntrys.
Unlike GOptionContext, GApplication supports giving a NULL
arg_data
for a non-callback GOptionEntry. This results in the
argument in question being packed into a GVariantDict which is also
passed to “handle-local-options”, where it can be
inspected and modified. If G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_COMMAND_LINE
is
set, then the resulting dictionary is sent to the primary instance,
where g_application_command_line_get_options_dict()
will return it.
This "packing" is done according to the type of the argument --
booleans for normal flags, strings for strings, bytestrings for
filenames, etc. The packing only occurs if the flag is given (ie: we
do not pack a "false" GVariant in the case that a flag is missing).
In general, it is recommended that all commandline arguments are
parsed locally. The options dictionary should then be used to
transmit the result of the parsing to the primary instance, where
g_variant_dict_lookup()
can be used. For local options, it is
possible to either use arg_data
in the usual way, or to consult (and
potentially remove) the option from the options dictionary.
This function is new in GLib 2.40. Before then, the only real choice
was to send all of the commandline arguments (options and all) to the
primary instance for handling. GApplication ignored them completely
on the local side. Calling this function "opts in" to the new
behaviour, and in particular, means that unrecognised options will be
treated as errors. Unrecognised options have never been ignored when
G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_COMMAND_LINE
is unset.
If “handle-local-options” needs to see the list of
filenames, then the use of G_OPTION_REMAINING
is recommended. If
arg_data
is NULL
then G_OPTION_REMAINING
can be used as a key into
the options dictionary. If you do use G_OPTION_REMAINING
then you
need to handle these arguments for yourself because once they are
consumed, they will no longer be visible to the default handling
(which treats them as filenames to be opened).
application |
||
entries |
(array zero-terminated=1) (element-type GOptionEntry) a
|
Since 2.40
void g_application_add_main_option (GApplication *application
,const char *long_name
,char short_name
,GOptionFlags flags
,GOptionArg arg
,const char *description
,const char *arg_description
);
Add an option to be handled by application
.
Calling this function is the equivalent of calling
g_application_add_main_option_entries()
with a single GOptionEntry
that has its arg_data member set to NULL
.
The parsed arguments will be packed into a GVariantDict which
is passed to “handle-local-options”. If
G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_COMMAND_LINE
is set, then it will also
be sent to the primary instance. See
g_application_add_main_option_entries()
for more details.
See GOptionEntry for more documentation of the arguments.
application |
the GApplication |
|
long_name |
the long name of an option used to specify it in a commandline |
|
short_name |
the short name of an option |
|
flags |
flags from GOptionFlags |
|
arg |
the type of the option, as a GOptionArg |
|
description |
the description for the option in |
|
arg_description |
the placeholder to use for the extra argument
parsed by the option in |
[nullable] |
Since 2.42
void g_application_add_option_group (GApplication *application
,GOptionGroup *group
);
Adds a GOptionGroup to the commandline handling of application
.
This function is comparable to g_option_context_add_group()
.
Unlike g_application_add_main_option_entries()
, this function does
not deal with NULL
arg_data
and never transmits options to the
primary instance.
The reason for that is because, by the time the options arrive at the primary instance, it is typically too late to do anything with them. Taking the GTK option group as an example: GTK will already have been initialised by the time the “command-line” handler runs. In the case that this is not the first-running instance of the application, the existing instance may already have been running for a very long time.
This means that the options from GOptionGroup are only really usable
in the case that the instance of the application being run is the
first instance. Passing options like --display=
or --gdk-debug=
on future runs will have no effect on the existing primary instance.
Calling this function will cause the options in the supplied option
group to be parsed, but it does not cause you to be "opted in" to the
new functionality whereby unrecognised options are rejected even if
G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_COMMAND_LINE
was given.
Since 2.40
void
g_application_set_default (GApplication *application
);
Sets or unsets the default application for the process, as returned
by g_application_get_default()
.
This function does not take its own reference on application
. If
application
is destroyed then the default application will revert
back to NULL
.
Since 2.32
GApplication *
g_application_get_default (void
);
Returns the default GApplication instance for this process.
Normally there is only one GApplication per process and it becomes
the default when it is created. You can exercise more control over
this by using g_application_set_default()
.
If there is no default application then NULL
is returned.
Since 2.32
void
g_application_mark_busy (GApplication *application
);
Increases the busy count of application
.
Use this function to indicate that the application is busy, for instance while a long running operation is pending.
The busy state will be exposed to other processes, so a session shell will use that information to indicate the state to the user (e.g. with a spinner).
To cancel the busy indication, use g_application_unmark_busy()
.
Since 2.38
void
g_application_unmark_busy (GApplication *application
);
Decreases the busy count of application
.
When the busy count reaches zero, the new state will be propagated to other processes.
This function must only be called to cancel the effect of a previous
call to g_application_mark_busy()
.
Since 2.38
struct GApplicationClass { /* signals */ void (* startup) (GApplication *application); void (* activate) (GApplication *application); void (* open) (GApplication *application, GFile **files, gint n_files, const gchar *hint); int (* command_line) (GApplication *application, GApplicationCommandLine *command_line); /* vfuncs */ /** * GApplicationClass::local_command_line: * @application: a #GApplication * @arguments: (inout) (array zero-terminated=1): array of command line arguments * @exit_status: (out): exit status to fill after processing the command line. * * This virtual function is always invoked in the local instance. It * gets passed a pointer to a %NULL-terminated copy of @argv and is * expected to remove arguments that it handled (shifting up remaining * arguments). * * The last argument to local_command_line() is a pointer to the @status * variable which can used to set the exit status that is returned from * g_application_run(). * * See g_application_run() for more details on #GApplication startup. * * Returns: %TRUE if the commandline has been completely handled */ gboolean (* local_command_line) (GApplication *application, gchar ***arguments, int *exit_status); void (* before_emit) (GApplication *application, GVariant *platform_data); void (* after_emit) (GApplication *application, GVariant *platform_data); void (* add_platform_data) (GApplication *application, GVariantBuilder *builder); void (* quit_mainloop) (GApplication *application); void (* run_mainloop) (GApplication *application); void (* shutdown) (GApplication *application); gboolean (* dbus_register) (GApplication *application, GDBusConnection *connection, const gchar *object_path, GError **error); void (* dbus_unregister) (GApplication *application, GDBusConnection *connection, const gchar *object_path); gint (* handle_local_options)(GApplication *application, GVariantDict *options); };
Virtual function table for GApplication.
invoked on the primary instance immediately after registration |
||
invoked on the primary instance when an activation occurs |
||
invoked on the primary instance when there are files to open |
||
invoked on the primary instance when a command-line is not handled locally |
||
invoked (locally) when the process has been invoked
via commandline execution (as opposed to, say, D-Bus activation - which
is not currently supported by GApplication). The virtual function has
the chance to inspect (and possibly replace) the list of command line
arguments. See |
||
invoked on the primary instance before 'activate', 'open', 'command-line' or any action invocation, gets the 'platform data' from the calling instance |
||
invoked on the primary instance after 'activate', 'open', 'command-line' or any action invocation, gets the 'platform data' from the calling instance |
||
invoked (locally) to add 'platform data' to be sent to the primary instance when activating, opening or invoking actions |
||
Used to be invoked on the primary instance when the use count of the application drops to zero (and after any inactivity timeout, if requested). Not used anymore since 2.32 |
||
Used to be invoked on the primary instance from
|
||
invoked only on the registered primary instance immediately after the main loop terminates |
||
invoked locally during registration, if the application is
using its D-Bus backend. You can use this to export extra objects on the
bus, that need to exist before the application tries to own the bus name.
The function is passed the GDBusConnection to to session bus, and the
object path that GApplication will use to export is D-Bus API.
If this function returns |
||
invoked locally during unregistration, if the application
is using its D-Bus backend. Use this to undo anything done by the
|
||
Since 2.28
Flags used to define the behaviour of a GApplication.
|
Default |
||
|
Run as a service. In this mode, registration fails if the service is already running, and the application will initially wait up to 10 seconds for an initial activation message to arrive. |
||
|
Don't try to become the primary instance. |
||
|
This application handles opening files (in
the primary instance). Note that this flag only affects the default
implementation of |
||
|
This application handles command line
arguments (in the primary instance). Note that this flag only affect
the default implementation of |
||
|
Send the environment of the
launching process to the primary instance. Set this flag if your
application is expected to behave differently depending on certain
environment variables. For instance, an editor might be expected
to use the <envar>GIT_COMMITTER_NAME</envar> environment variable
when editing a git commit message. The environment is available
to the “command-line” signal handler, via
|
||
|
Make no attempts to do any of the typical single-instance application negotiation, even if the application ID is given. The application neither attempts to become the owner of the application ID nor does it check if an existing owner already exists. Everything occurs in the local process. Since: 2.30. |
Since 2.28
“action-group”
property“action-group” GActionGroup *
The group of actions that the application exports.
Flags: Write
“application-id”
property“application-id” gchar *
The unique identifier for the application.
Flags: Read / Write / Construct
Default value: NULL
“flags”
property“flags” GApplicationFlags
Flags specifying the behaviour of the application.
Flags: Read / Write
“inactivity-timeout”
property“inactivity-timeout” guint
Time (ms) to stay alive after becoming idle.
Flags: Read / Write
Default value: 0
“is-registered”
property“is-registered” gboolean
If g_application_register() has been called.
Flags: Read
Default value: FALSE
“is-remote”
property“is-remote” gboolean
If this application instance is remote.
Flags: Read
Default value: FALSE
“resource-base-path”
property“resource-base-path” gchar *
The base resource path for the application.
Flags: Read / Write
Default value: NULL
“activate”
signalvoid user_function (GApplication *application, gpointer user_data)
The ::activate signal is emitted on the primary instance when an
activation occurs. See g_application_activate()
.
application |
the application |
|
user_data |
user data set when the signal handler was connected. |
Flags: Run Last
“command-line”
signalgint user_function (GApplication *application, GApplicationCommandLine *command_line, gpointer user_data)
The ::command-line signal is emitted on the primary instance when
a commandline is not handled locally. See g_application_run()
and
the GApplicationCommandLine documentation for more information.
application |
the application |
|
command_line |
a GApplicationCommandLine representing the passed commandline |
|
user_data |
user data set when the signal handler was connected. |
An integer that is set as the exit status for the calling
process. See g_application_command_line_set_exit_status()
.
Flags: Run Last
“handle-local-options”
signalgint user_function (GApplication *application, GVariantDict *options, gpointer user_data)
The ::handle-local-options signal is emitted on the local instance after the parsing of the commandline options has occurred.
You can add options to be recognised during commandline option
parsing using g_application_add_main_option_entries()
and
g_application_add_option_group()
.
Signal handlers can inspect options
(along with values pointed to
from the arg_data
of an installed GOptionEntrys) in order to
decide to perform certain actions, including direct local handling
(which may be useful for options like --version).
In the event that the application is marked
G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_COMMAND_LINE
the "normal processing" will
send the option
dictionary to the primary instance where it can be
read with g_application_command_line_get_options()
. The signal
handler can modify the dictionary before returning, and the
modified dictionary will be sent.
In the event that G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_COMMAND_LINE
is not set,
"normal processing" will treat the remaining uncollected command
line arguments as filenames or URIs. If there are no arguments,
the application is activated by g_application_activate()
. One or
more arguments results in a call to g_application_open()
.
If you want to handle the local commandline arguments for yourself
by converting them to calls to g_application_open()
or
g_action_group_activate_action()
then you must be sure to register
the application first. You should probably not call
g_application_activate()
for yourself, however: just return -1 and
allow the default handler to do it for you. This will ensure that
the --gapplication-service
switch works properly (i.e. no activation
in that case).
Note that this signal is emitted from the default implementation of
local_command_line()
. If you override that function and don't
chain up then this signal will never be emitted.
You can override local_command_line()
if you need more powerful
capabilities than what is provided here, but this should not
normally be required.
application |
the application |
|
options |
the options dictionary |
|
user_data |
user data set when the signal handler was connected. |
an exit code. If you have handled your options and want to exit the process, return a non-negative option, 0 for success, and a positive value for failure. To continue, return -1 to let the default option processing continue.
Flags: Run Last
Since 2.40
“open”
signalvoid user_function (GApplication *application, gpointer files, gint n_files, gchar *hint, gpointer user_data)
The ::open signal is emitted on the primary instance when there are
files to open. See g_application_open()
for more information.
application |
the application |
|
files |
an array of GFiles. |
[array length=n_files][element-type GFile] |
n_files |
the length of |
|
hint |
a hint provided by the calling instance |
|
user_data |
user data set when the signal handler was connected. |
Flags: Run Last
“shutdown”
signalvoid user_function (GApplication *application, gpointer user_data)
The ::shutdown signal is emitted only on the registered primary instance immediately after the main loop terminates.
application |
the application |
|
user_data |
user data set when the signal handler was connected. |
Flags: Run Last
“startup”
signalvoid user_function (GApplication *application, gpointer user_data)
The ::startup signal is emitted on the primary instance immediately
after registration. See g_application_register()
.
application |
the application |
|
user_data |
user data set when the signal handler was connected. |
Flags: Run First


Black Friday 2019: Best IT repair and DIY tool deals
by Adrian Kingsley-HughesDo you like tools, or is your current toolkit looking a little bit worse for wear? Black Friday is a good time to fill up some spare space in your toolbox or upgrade some of the tools that you use regularly.
Having the right tools makes repair and DIY jobs much quicker, easier, and more efficient. There's also less chance of causing more damage while repairing.
Also: More Black Friday deals at CNET
This is why I recommend all IT professionals who carry out repairs to have a decent toolkit, and this Black Friday you have the chance to pick up some tools at dramatically reduced prices.
Best IT repair and DIY tool deals
Disclosure: ZDNet may earn a commission from some of the products featured on this page.
Repair Business Toolkit for $229
- See it now: iFixit
This is a great kit for someone who wants to buy the majority of the tools they will need in one go. This is a fantastic toolkit that contains a wide array of tools and consumables to tackle even complex jobs. All the tools are high-quality and will last a lifetime if looked after.
Get the Repair Business Toolkit for $229.99 (normally priced at $274.99) on Black Friday 2019.
Pro Tech Toolkit and Magnetic Mat Bundle for $60
- See it now: iFixit
This is a fantastic starter kit, containing most of the screwdriver bits that you need to get past even the sneakiest security fastener. The Pro Tech and Mag Mat Bundle is a $79.98 value, but you can get it for only $59.99 on Black Friday.
Essential Electronics Toolkit for $20
- See it now: iFixit
The Essential Electronics Toolkit is the perfect toolkit for the beginner. And priced at only $19.99 (normally $24.99) on Black Friday, this is now an absolute steal.
Mako Driver Kit for $25
- See it now: iFixit
The Mako Driver Kit contains all of the precision steel bits, the 4mm driver, and the flexible extension you need to service most modern devices. I've had one for years and used it a lot, and it still looks and works like new.
Priced at $24.99 (normally $29.99) on Black Friday.
Mahi Driver Kit for $25
- See it now: iFixit
The Mahi Driver Kit has bigger ¼-inch bits and a bigger, beefier driver to handle heavier jobs, such as PC builds or even working on a bike or car. This one is also a steal at only $24.99 (normally $34.99) on Black Friday.
Manta Driver Kit for $50
- See it now: iFixit
This is the Daddy Bear of repair kits. The Manta Driver Kit contains all of the bits and drivers found in the Mako and Mahi kits, plus a few extra bits, making it our most comprehensive kit for the ultimate repair enthusiast. Save $15 on Black Friday, with the special price of $49.99 (normally $64.99).
Wera Kraftform Plus 334/6 Screwdriver Set for $32
- See it now: Amazon
German-engineered screwdrivers with a lifetime warranty. Perfect for any busy workshop! These are tools that will last a lifetime.
Wera Kraftform Plus 160i/168i/6 Insulated Professional Screwdriver Set for $36
- See it now: Amazon
If you are looking for well-engineered screwdrivers that have insulated handles to keep you safe when poking around electricity, this Wera kit is simply impossible to beat. And they also come with a lifetime warranty.
Wera KK VDE 60i/68i/7 Insulated Interchangeable BladePouch Set for $33
- See it now: Amazon
A wonderful portable kit containing insulated screwdrivers, and they are stored in a pouch that keeps them from getting lost. And the interchangeable heads mean that this is a compact and lightweight kit.


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{% extends 'accounts/header.html' %} {% load bootstrap %}
Paste the list of genes in Sequence IDs form. Each line should contain one gene ID
as per Phytozome v12.0 database format. You can check the allowed IDs for each plant species on the
analysis
page.
For example, allowed IDs for Rice (Oryza sativa) are,
Phytozome locus: LOC_Os01g06882
Phytozome transcript: LOC_Os01g06882.1
Phytozome pacID:
24120792
Select plant species corresponding to the gene IDs. Currently, GenFam supports analysis of sixty plant genomes.
Select the plant ID type for respective plant species. Please, refere step 1 for allowed IDs type for GenFam analysis. Note: Do not combine different ID types while performing enrichment analysis.
Select the statistical significance test from dropdown menu. Currently, GenFam supports four tests for enrichment analysis including, Fisher exact test, Hypergeometric distribution, Binomial distribution and Chi-squared distribution, thus providing flexibility in the analysis based on the sample size and user preferences.
We recommend using Fisher exact test, chi-square test and hypergeometric distribution for smaller datasets (< 1000 gene IDs), and binomial distribution for larger datasets.
Select the multiple testing correction test from dropdown menu. GenFam supports Bonferroni, Bonferroni-Holm and Benjamini-Hochberg tests for correcting P-values.
Once all parameters selected, click run to perform the analysis.
If enrichment analysis is performed successfully, you will receive a message "Success! Data Analysis Completed".
You can obtain results for All Enriched Families, All Gene Families and Get Figures
"All Enriched Families" file contain results for gene families enriched with P-value < 0.05. "All Gene Families" file contain results for all gene families which are classified based on user dataset. Get figures will generate the bar graph of enriched gene families.


Hello Again this is Me Mohmmad Alazzam I'm a Software engineering I love Mansaf, I Support ACMILAN, I live in Irbid that's all about me and I watch a lot of series ,After you know me if you want to take the Quizz Again Reload The page
| My Name | My favorite Team | My favorite Food | My Cites | My Bc degree | My Age | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
This is a list of my Favorite Series
- Breaking bad
- Game Of thrones
- Dexter
- Peaky blinders
- Narcos
- Suits
- How to Get Away with murder
- Preson Break
- Better Call Saul
- Lucifer
- Friends
- How I met your mother


--- layout: layouts/class_page.njk date: 2009-09-08 pagetitle: AP Therapies - Remendial Massage page_desc: Massage for fast recovery from injury, improved flexibility and relief of muscular pain. For amateur and professional sports people and all with muscular and related problems pagephoto: pic03.jpg permalink: /remedial_massage.html ---
| ◊ | Reduce stiffness and pain — resulting from long-term problems, such as muscle over-use (RSI) and neck, shoulder and back pain caused by, for example, a sedentary job or long hours driving |
| ◊ | Provide relief from chronic conditions — Remedial massage and assisted stretching can help alleviate some of the distressing muscular symptoms associated with conditions such as Multiple Sclerosis and Parkinson's Disease |
| ◊ | Improve posture — when poor posture has resulted from a long-term muscle problem |


Doors open at 9am on the 12th of February, 2022, with our opening ceremony starting at 10am, and hacking at exactly 12 noon, going on for a full 24 hours.
Throughout the 24 hour hacking time, we'll have workshops, games, and other events to keep you entertained, run by us and our amazing sponsors.
Once hacking ends, there'll be a closing ceremony, including prizes for all our winners! The event is scheduled to finish at 3pm on the Sunday.
| Saturday 12th | |
| 9:00 | Doors Open |
| 10:00 | Opening Ceremony |
| 11:00 | Teambuilding Session |
| 12:00 | Hacking Begins |
| 13:00 | Lunch |
| 14:00 | Workshop (.NET) |
| 15:00 | Workshop (Interviews) |
| 16:00 | Workshop (git) |
| 18:00 | Dinner |
| 19:00 | Hackathons UK Mini-event |
| 21:00 | Werewolf |
| Sunday 13th | |
| 00:00 | Midnight Pizza |
| 08:00 | Breakfast |
| 12:00 | Hacking Ends & Lunch |
| 13:00 | Judging Begins |
| 14:00 | Closing Ceremony |
| 15:30 | Finish (approx) |


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404 — Page Not Found
My only regret is that I couldn't get the server to throw a
418
instead.
i've been known to have a thing or two to say on twitter as
@ted_nielsen
.
my
instagram
is all other-places and a curated view of what i want you to believe my life is like.
if you're looking for an
adventure...
total nerd sometimes. my (mostly private, these days) code lives at
github
.
colophon: used to be powered by
jekyll
. typeset in quattrocento sans.
content
©
2008-2020 theodore o. nielsen


Steve Sodenberg
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BU100 | Looking For profitable and Well Established Business in india | 15-03-2017 | 28-10-2017 | Under Review | Mark as Sold | |
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BU100 | Looking For profitable and Well Established Business in india | 15-03-2017 | 28-10-2017 | Approved | Mark as Sold |


WITNESS LIST Human Services Committee April 28, 2005-8:00A HB 3238 For: Badzioch, Sheila (Self) Hogue, Sherry (Self and Texas State Employees Union) Registering, but not testifying: For: Dennis, Hilary (Texas Medical Association) Graves, Judy (Texas State Employees Union) Haney, Peter (Self) Hinojosa, Walter (Texas AFL-CIO) O'Connor, Caroline (Texas State Employees Union) Rubarth-Lay, James (Self) Ward, David (Self) HB 3555 Registering, but not testifying: For: Jones, Amanda (Harris County) SB 40 For: Murphree, Susan (Advocacy Inc.) Smith, Carole (Private Providers Association of Texas) On: Horton, Colleen (Tx. Center for Disability Studies, UT) Registering, but not testifying: For: Borel, Dennis (Coalition of Texans with Disabilities) Brown, Will (AARP - Texas) Cranston, Cathy (Self) Cranston, Ron (Self) Elrod, Susanne (Self and Texas Council of Community MHMR Centers) Hernandez, Richard (EduCare Community Living) Kafka, Bob (ADAPT of Texas; Institute for Disability Access) Mizcles, Amy (The Arc of Texas; The Disability Policy Consortium) Stalvey, Beth (Texas Council for Developmental Disabilities) On: Rollins, David (Department of Aging and Disability Services) SB 45 Registering, but not testifying: For: Banning, Tom (Texas Academy of Family Physicians) Dennis, Hilary (Texas Medical Association) On: Turney, Connie (Statewide Health Coordinating Council) SB 52 For: Hernandez, Richard (EduCare Community Living) On: Cortes, MD, Leslie (Department of Aging and Disability Services) Smith, Carole (Private Providers Association of Texas) SB 874 For: Brown, Will (AARP - Texas) Gadberry, Gavin (Texas Health Care Association) Against: Ferris, Beth (Texas Advocates for Nursing Home Residents) Murphree, Susan (Advocacy, Inc.; Texas Mental Health Consumers; Texas Association of Centers for Independent Living) On: Henderson, Don (Department of Aging and Disability Services) Registering, but not testifying: For: Dennis, Hilary (Texas Medical Association) Smith, Carole (Private Providers Association of Texas) Against: Sanchez, Joe (AARP - Texas) Witherite, Amy (Texas Trial Lawyers) On: Cortes, MD, Leslie (Department of Aging and Disability Services)


High School High (1996) A film review by Ben Hoffman Copyright 1996 Ben Hoffman
It is not bad enough that our schools are in bad shape. It is not bad enough that illiteracy in the United States is so high. What we do not need is a movie that lays it on in thick globs that demean everyone. In addition it is a boring film.
I never liked Jon Lovitz whom I compare to Chevy Chase. Both have sneers that turn me off.  In HIGH SCHOOL HIGH, he is a teacher at a private school who opts to leave in order to teach at an inner city school. There he encounters every kind of mischief and worse. There he finds a principal (Louise Fletcher) who uses a baseball bat to keep the "students" in line. That this is the same Fletcher who was so good in ONE FLEW OVER THE CUCKOO'S NEST, is hard to believe. . . and it is very sad that she cannot get a better role.
Also starring in the cast are Tina Carrere and John Neville.
I would have liked to review more of the film but after one half hour of this disgusting display I left. It has been several years since I walked out before a screening was over but that happened twice in this one week. Baaaad.
This was supposed to be a NAKED GUN type of movie, or AIRPLANE, but it fell flat on its face because it lacked the wit that the other films had.
Directed by Hart Bochner in his first feature-length film.
Rating: 0 bytes
4 bytes = Superb 3 bytes = Too good to miss 2 bytes = Average 1 byte = Save your money
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|
STM8S Standard Peripheral Libary
2.2.0
|
This file includes driver for the dot matrix LCD Module mounted on STM8L15xx-EVAL board. More...
#include "stm8s_eval_lcd.h"
Go to the source code of this file.
Macros | |
| #define | STATUS_TYPE 0xFC |
Functions | |
| void | STM8S_EVAL_LCD_Init (void) |
| Initialize the LCD. More... | |
| void | LCD_BacklightCmd (FunctionalState NewState) |
| Enable or Disable the LCD backlight. More... | |
| void | LCD_SetCursorPos (uint8_t Line, uint8_t Offset) |
| Set the LCD cursor to the specified location. More... | |
| void | LCD_SendByte (uint8_t DataType, uint8_t DataToSend) |
| Send a byte to LCD. More... | |
| void | LCD_Clear (void) |
| Clear the LCD. More... | |
| void | LCD_Print (uint8_t *ptr) |
| Display a string from current position of the LCD cursor. More... | |
| void | LCD_RollString (uint8_t Line, uint8_t *ptr, uint16_t speed) |
| Display a string in rolling mode. More... | |
| void | LCD_DisplayLogo (uint8_t address) |
| Display ST logo. More... | |
Variables | |
| CONST uint8_t | S_CGRAM [] |
| CONST uint8_t | T_CGRAM [] |
This file includes driver for the dot matrix LCD Module mounted on STM8L15xx-EVAL board.
Licensed under MCD-ST Liberty SW License Agreement V2, (the "License"); You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
http://www.st.com/software_license_agreement_liberty_v2
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
Definition in file stm8s_eval_lcd.c.


18+ Cpa Logan Utah Gif. At saunders nydegger we know how to embrace our nerdability and be innovative at the same time. The 2010 census recorded the population was 48,174, with an estimated population of 51,542 in 2018.
A wide variety of logan utah there are 137 suppliers who sells logan utah on alibaba.com, mainly located in north america. Explore an array of logan, ut vacation rentals, including houses, cabins & more bookable online. Study in logan, utah in 1 best educational institutions for children, pupils, students free admission services without intermediaries to our partner schools, colleges and universities in logan, utah.
Bike rides in the bear river range that are long.
678 likes · 2 talking about this. Logan is located in picturesque cache county known for its outdoor recreation opportunities and utah state university. Logan is a city in cache county, utah, united states. 1505 n main st logan, ut 84341.


The hackSugar Team
Tejas Mehta
Lead Developer
Lily Gomes
Backend Developer and Systems Administrator
Connor McDermid
Fullstack developer and Legal Consultant
Mario DiSanza
Lead Designer
--- layout: index title: Team tagline: tags : [team, components] img : img-mobile : author : Antonio Trento css: js: keywords: components, demo canonical: https://heliumjk.github.io --- {% include JB/setup %}
Lead Developer
Backend Developer and Systems Administrator
Fullstack developer and Legal Consultant
Lead Designer


Wesley Sneijder names former Real Madrid teammate Guti as the best player he has ever played with in his career
by Rachel SyiemliehDutch legend Wesley Sneijder has heaped praise on his former Real Madrid teammate Guti, stating that he was the best player he has ever played with during his illustrious career.
Sneijder reminisces incredible partnership with Guti at Real Madrid
Guti broke through the youth ranks at the Santiago Bernabeu and was a regular starter in the Real Madrid team before Sneijder's arrival in the Spanish capital.
Sneijder joined Los Blancos in 2007 and spent two seasons at the club, winning La Liga in his debut campaign. The Dutchman initially replaced Guti in the squad but later formed a lethal partnership with the Spaniard.
When asked to name the greatest player he has ever played with, Sneijder told Fox Sports via Dutch daily Algemeen Dagblad,
"The best soccer player I have ever played with is Guti. He was so good. Perhaps it is because he was somewhat unknown.
"I remember I was completely surprised by him after seeing him training for the first time at Real Madrid.
"What a soccer player he was. Phenomenal. We finally clicked. If he got the ball with his back to me, he would still find me."
While Sneijder announced his retirement from professional football earlier this year, Guti had recently taken up his debut managerial job in charge of Segunda Division side Almeria.
Also Read: When Wesley Sneijder made a case to win the Ballon d'Or


Name three things your grateful for and why:
1) I am grateful for
because
2) I am grateful for
because
3) I am grateful for
because
Save
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Programming today is a race between software engineers striving to build bigger and better idiot-proof programs, and the Universe trying to produce bigger and better idiots. So far, the Universe is winning. --Rich Cook (source)


The very first chapter was founded in UCLA by 19 dedicated men.
First annual National Convention held at University of California, Irvine.
ΛΦΕ becomes the first and only national recognized Asian American interest fraternity to be admitted.
State University of New York Buffalo charters, becoming the first East Coast chapter.
24th chapter of ΛΦΕ is chartered at NYU by State University of Buffalo
ΛΦΕ charters it's first chapter outside of the United States at University of Toronto.
ΛΦΕ joins the National Asian Pacific Islander American Panhellenic Association to increase collaboration and partnership between fellow APIA Greek organizations.


Pollution inventory report
Version 1.3: Food and drink
Check your details
- What’s your site’s permit or reference number?
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Description
- This single page application was made in Angular with a Webpack 4 configuration
Last Updated
- 06-10-2021
Main functionality
- Showing some of the power of Webpack
- Using Hot Reload / HMR by Webpack Dev Server
- Showing routing by Angular
- A custom 404 Error page. Click on the meny link Secret for a demo
- Support for some older browsers like IE 11 with Babel polyfills by cdn as well as polyfills.ts
- GET, POST, PUT and DELETE operations towards the test Web API
- Serving static assets like images, styles and fonts
Module Bundler
- Manuel configuration of the Webpack 4 from scratch
The single page application - The frontend
- Mainly Angular
- HTML
- PostCSS
- Bootstrap 4 by CDN for the responsive design
Security
- The only security is the use of HTTPS because it is a demo only
Hosting
- The application is hosted at a traditionel Webhotel
Text Editor
- Visual Studio Code


Invited users
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Sent: {{i.created_at | elapsedTime}}, expires {{i.expires | remainingTime}}expired
Active users
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Owner
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Owner


On iOS please use your camera. Point and zoom in on QR code. Tap the popup that appears. On Android, please use a QR code scanner app.


| goog.debug.Trace_ |
|
addComment(comment, opt_type, opt_timeStamp)
Adds a comment to the trace. Makes it possible to see when a specific event
happened in relation to the traces.
Arguments:
|
code » | ||||
|
clearCurrentTrace()
No description.
|
code » | ||||
|
getFormattedTrace()
⇒
Returns a formatted string for the current trace
Returns:
A formatted string that shows the timings of the current trace.
|
code » | ||||
|
getStat_(type)
⇒
Gets a stat object for a particular type. The stat object is created if it
hasn't yet been.
Arguments:
Returns:
The stat object.
|
code » | ||||
|
getTotalVarAlloc()
⇒
Returns the total number of allocations since the GC stats were reset. Only
works in IE.
Returns:
The number of allocaitons or -1 if not supported.
|
code » | ||||
|
initCurrentTrace(defaultThreshold)
Initializes and resets the current trace
Arguments:
|
code » | ||||
|
reset(defaultThreshold)
Resets the trace.
Arguments:
|
code » | ||||
|
setGcTracer(gcTracer)
Sets the ActiveX object that can be used to get GC tracing in IE6.
Arguments:
|
code » | ||||
|
setStartTime(startTime)
Add the ability to explicitly set the start time. This is useful for example
for measuring initial load time where you can set a variable as soon as the
main page of the app is loaded and then later call this function when the
Tracer code has been loaded.
Arguments:
|
code » | ||||
|
startTracer(comment, opt_type)
⇒
Starts a tracer
Arguments:
Returns:
The identifier for the tracer that should be passed to the the stopTracer method.
|
code » | ||||
|
stopTracer(id, opt_silenceThreshold)
⇒
Stops a tracer
|
code » | ||||
|
toString()
⇒
Returns a formatted string that describes the thread trace.
Returns:
A formatted string.
|
code » |
|
Return the sec.ms part of time (if time = "20:06:11.566", "11.566
|
code » | |
|
Converts 'v' to a string and pads it with up to 3 spaces for
improved alignment. TODO there must be a better way
|
code » | |
|
Returns the current time. Done through a wrapper function so it can be
overridden by application code. Gmail has an ActiveX extension that provides
higher precision timing info.
Returns:
The current time in milliseconds.
|
code » |


When I was small I wanted to be an archaeologist, I loved the idea of travelling the globe and searching hidden caches of treasure. That morbib curiosity, has branched into other passions. I've worn many hats, and I have lived all over the country.
I have a special relationship with technology Some of my favorite activites are:


Angular Material comes packaged with Angular CLI schematics to make creating Material applications easier.
Schematics are included with both @angular/cdk
and @angular/material
. Once you install the npm
packages, they will be available through the Angular CLI.
Using the command below will install Angular Material, the Component Dev Kit (CDK), and Angular Animations in your project. Then it will run the installation schematic.
ng add @angular/material
In case you just want to install the @angular/cdk
, there are also schematics for the Component Dev Kit
ng add @angular/cdk
The Angular Material ng add
schematic helps you set up an Angular CLI project that uses Material. Running ng add
will:
package.json
index.html
index.html
body
height: 100%
on html
and body
In addition to the installation schematic, Angular Material comes with multiple schematics that can be used to easily generate Material Design components:
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
address-form |
Component with a form group that uses Material Design form controls to prompt for a shipping address |
navigation |
Creates a component with a responsive Material Design sidenav and a toolbar for showing the app name |
dashboard |
Component with multiple Material Design cards and menus which are aligned in a grid layout |
table |
Generates a component with a Material Design data table that supports sorting and pagination |
tree |
Component that interactively visualizes a nested folder structure by using the <mat-tree> component |
Additionally, the Angular CDK also comes with a collection of component schematics:
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
drag-drop |
Component that uses the @angular/cdk/drag-drop directives for creating an interactive to-do list |
Running the address-form
schematic generates a new Angular component that can be used to get
started with a Material Design form group consisting of:
ng generate @angular/material:address-form <component-name>
The navigation
schematic will create a new component that includes
a toolbar with the app name, and a responsive side nav based on Material
breakpoints.
ng generate @angular/material:navigation <component-name>
The table schematic will create a component that renders an Angular Material <table>
which has
been pre-configured with a datasource for sorting and pagination.
ng generate @angular/material:table <component-name>
The dashboard
schematic will create a new component that contains
a dynamic grid list of Material Design cards.
ng generate @angular/material:dashboard <component-name>
The tree
schematic can be used to quickly generate an Angular component that uses the Angular
Material <mat-tree>
component to visualize a nested folder structure.
ng generate @angular/material:tree <component-name>
The drag-drop
schematic is provided by the @angular/cdk
and can be used to generate a component
that uses the CDK drag and drop directives.
ng generate @angular/cdk:drag-drop <component-name>


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block pageTitle %} Thanks for your feedback {% endblock %} {% block pageDescription %} {% endblock %} {% block heroClass %} {% endblock %} {% block heroContent %} {% endblock %} {% block content %}
By providing feedback, you're helping to make our services better.
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We also have a user research programme for people who want to take part in research on other Gambling Commission services.


Interested in furthering my experience in back-end/full-stack web application development. Currently sharpening my skills in Ruby, Ruby on Rails, RSpec, HTML, CSS, and JavaScript through my everyday work at Shuddle, Inc., as well as personal projects, online learning, and technical reading.
Strong experience in technical management of US Department of Defense contracts. Work experience includes management and execution of several government contracts (including seven years supporting US Navy programs) as well as several successful contract proposals.


Personal
First name:
Last name:
School
School name:
Major:
Hobbies
Hobby 1:
Hobby 2:
Music
Favorite Band:
Genre:
Submit


Enter the number between 100-100,000 below and Check the number of Circular Primes below the given number.
Check


When doing a data analysis project, it’s often said that 80% of the effort is spent on data cleaning. I’ve cleaned lots of datasets and have become quite good at it. These experiences have taught me
- data cleaning is time consuming. Even if you do a bad job at it, it will still take a lot of time. However, it only takes a little longer to do a good job. So it’s wise to aim at doing a good job.
- A well cleaned data set is of vital importance for the success of the actual analyses. It cuts down the time and improves the accuracy of these analyses.
Because of this, when I give estimates, I usually allocate 1/3 to 1/2 of the total time to data cleaning. Although this is already a lot less than 80%, many clients still consider it too much. As one client said, “I’m mostly interested in the analysis, the predictions, and some nice visualizations. It’s hard for me to see why I want to spend half of my budget on data cleaning.”
Why is it so crucial to clean data well?
There are at least 3 reasons:
- Without a well cleaned data, you either cannot do the analysis you want or it takes way longer time because you’ll continuously run into data problems. For example, can you imagine running a linear regression where the response is mostly numeric but mixed with characters here and there? What if when you perform clustering analysis, you discover one of the categorical variables has levels spelled differently but mean the same thing, like “acc” and “ACC” or “life insurance” and “life-insurance.”
- Without a well cleaned data, it’s very likely to get wrong analysis results. For example, say you want to run a linear regression and your response variable is numeric with special values like “999” to indicate missings, but you didn’t check and deal with them in your data cleaning process. When you run the model you’ll end up with wrong results.
- A good data cleaning process can suggest improvements in data collection, which will make data collection and data analysis more integrated.
Why does it take time to clean data well?
There’re at least 4 reasons:
- Data cleaning consists a broad range of activities, for example,
- text parsing
- date conversion
- outlier checking
- missing data imputation
- variable transformation
- reshaping
- subsetting
- merging
- Data cleaning is not a do-it-once step, instead, it is recurrent throughout the entire analysis because we need to clean the data as new problems arise during the analysis, and they almost always do. Here’s a typical data analysis process: data cleaning → descriptive and exploratory analysis → more data cleaning → descriptive and exploratory analysis → inferential or predictive analysis → more data cleaning → inferential or predictive analysis.
- Everything we do in data cleaning needs to be reproducible. This means you should try to avoid doing it by hand, instead, you should write code to do it and you should document your code. This allows others or you in a later time to understand what you did. For the things you cannot do by code, you should document your manual cleaning actions.
- When the dataset is large, even reading them into the software becomes challenging. Although there’re some workarounds, you’ll often need to write sql/nosql scripts to query and drop some variables to make the data smaller, or write scripts to take a random sample from the data and work with the sample instead.


The tech Generation
Students are so quick to turn to the Internet to answer questions that some believe critical thinking has gone down the tube. Spelling is no longer something tested if everything is autocorrected and spell checked. This may be a larger issue of technology on our memory and brain-strength, but if we are using the Internet in schools, then kids are being taught to use Google to answer all their questions and to essentially, copy and paste their knowledge. Education needs to figure out how to use technology in a way that doesn’t replace knowledge, but reinforces it.
And Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest, YouTube, etcetera. Putting a computer in front of a high school student and expecting them NOT to go on Facebook or any other distracting non-school related site is kind of a joke. And it isn’t just the younger students that are in danger of losing focus; even graduate students can hardly help themselves to online distractions in the classroom. When keeping students excited and focused on the lesson at hand is one of the hardest task a teacher faces, a computer can be one of the most detrimental things to that student’s learning.


1.1 Introduction
Python's standard library covers a wide range of modules. It includes everything
from modules that are as much a part of the Python language as the
types and statements defined by the language specification, to obscure
modules that are probably useful only to a small number of programs.
This chapter describes a number of fundamental standard library
modules. Any larger Python program is likely to use most of these
modules, either directly or indirectly.
1.1.1 Built-in Functions and Exceptions
The following two modules are even more basic than all other modules combined: the
_ _builtin_ _
module, which defines built-in functions (like len,
int, and range), and the
exceptions
module, which defines all built-in exceptions.
Python imports both modules when it starts up, and makes their content
available for all programs.
1.1.2 Operating System Interface Modules
There are a number of modules modeled after
the POSIX standard API and the standard C library that provide platform-independent
interfaces to the underlying operating system.
The modules in this group include os, which provides file and
process operations, os.path, which offers a
platform-independent way to pull apart and put together filenames,
and time, which
provides functions to work with dates and times.
To some extent, networking and thread support modules
could also belong in this group, but they are not supported by all
Python implementations.
1.1.3 Type Support Modules
Several built-in types have support modules in the standard library.
The string
module implements commonly used string operations, the math module provides math
operations and constants, and the cmath module does the same for
complex numbers.
1.1.4 Regular Expressions
The re module
provides regular expressions support for Python. Regular expressions
are string patterns written in a special syntax, which can be used to
match strings and extract substrings.
1.1.5 Language Support Modules
sys gives you
access to various interpreter variables, such as the module search
path, and the interpreter version. operator provides
functional equivalents to many built-in operators. copy allows you to copy
objects.


(Computer Technologies for the Web) Send and read messages
Read Messages in Queue Read Messages in Browser Mode Go back


The goal of this data preprocessing procedure is to filter and transform the RNA-seq count data of the HVP01 Immunity to Hepatitis B Vaccine study, so that the filtered and transformed data follows approaximately a constinuous normal distribution, which can then be fitted by advanced statistical models, such as the linear mixed-effect regression model, for differential analysis and deconvolution analysis.
Our general strategy of preprocessing RNA-seq count data follows three steps:
This report is organized in the following sections.
Load useful packages.
library(DESeq2)
library(vsn) #for menaSdPlot
Briefly, the DESeq2 R package provides two alternative approaches that offer more theoretical justification than the naive log2-transformation on RNA-seq count data. One makes use of the concept of variance stabilizing transformations (VST) (Tibshirani 1988; Huber et al. 2003; Anders and Huber 2010), and the other is the regularized logarithm (rlog), which incorporates a prior on the sample differences (Love, Huber, and Anders 2014). Both transformations produce transformed data on the log2 scale which has been normalized with respect to library size or other normalization factors.
For more information, please see DESeq2 Bioconductor page.
We obtain the original count data from our data provider in the file “HVP_countMatrix_noGlobin_May18.csv”, which contains filtered counts (genes with <10 counts across 5 samples are removed). These have also had the globin genes removed.
mycount <- read.csv("../HVP_countMatrix_noGlobin_May18.csv", row.names = 1)
ctab <- read.csv("../HVP_sampleTable_response_May18.csv")
dim(mycount)
## [1] 15026 75
The original count data has 15026 genes and 75 samples. Next, we build the DESeq2 data object for our count data.
## build dds object from count data
dds <- DESeqDataSetFromMatrix(countData = mycount,
colData = ctab,
design = ~ 1) #for the design formula, check out the "blind=TRUE" option in the transformation step
## log2-transformation
ntd <- normTransform(dds)
mat0 <- assay(ntd)
hist(rowMeans(mat0), breaks=50)
meanSdPlot(mat0)
## vst
vsd <- vst(dds)
mat1 <- assay(vsd)
hist(rowMeans(mat1), breaks=50)
meanSdPlot(mat1)
## rlog
rld <- rlog(dds)
## rlog() may take a long time with 50 or more samples,
## vst() is a much faster transformation
mat2 <- assay(rld)
hist(rowMeans(mat2), breaks=50)
meanSdPlot(mat2)
Working with the original data, we observe excessive low count genes. We will further filter the data by removing low count and low variance genes. First, let’s check the per gene mean and standard deviation.
## per gene mean count
gmeans <- rowMeans(mycount)
summary(gmeans)
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 1.17 24.20 104.67 385.77 329.92 39982.93
## per gene standard deviation
gsd <- apply(mycount, 1, sd)
summary(gsd)
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 2.73 14.45 53.76 207.71 168.46 21554.67
Based on the above, it is reasonable to set the following thresholds for the mean and standard deviation.
## set thresholds
m.thred <- 10
sd.thred <- 5
## keep high count and high variation genes
ind.kp <- (gmeans > m.thred) & (gsd > sd.thred)
## filted count data
mycount.filt <- mycount[ind.kp,]
dim(mycount.filt)
## [1] 13169 75
For data filtering, we remove the genes that have mean count below 10 and standard deviation below 5 across all samples. The filtered data has 13169 genes and 75 samples. Next, we build the DESeq2 data object for the filtered data.
## build dds object on the filtered count data
dds.filt <- DESeqDataSetFromMatrix(countData = mycount.filt,
colData = ctab,
design = ~ 1)
## log2-transformation
ntd.filt <- normTransform(dds.filt)
mat0.filt <- assay(ntd.filt)
hist(rowMeans(mat0.filt), breaks=50)
meanSdPlot(mat0.filt)
## vst
vsd.filt <- vst(dds.filt)
mat1.filt <- assay(vsd.filt)
hist(rowMeans(mat1.filt), breaks=50)
meanSdPlot(mat1.filt)
## rlog
rld.filt <- rlog(dds.filt)
## rlog() may take a long time with 50 or more samples,
## vst() is a much faster transformation
mat2.filt <- assay(rld.filt)
hist(rowMeans(mat2.filt), breaks=50)
meanSdPlot(mat2.filt)
We decide to use the rlog transformed data on the filtered data.
## rename
dat.filt10 <- mat2.filt
The original data use Ensembl gene ids, and we map them to gene symbols using EnsDb.Hsapiens.v86
.
library(EnsDb.Hsapiens.v86)
mymap <- select(EnsDb.Hsapiens.v86, key=rownames(dat.filt10), columns=c("SYMBOL"), keytype="GENEID")
detach("package:EnsDb.Hsapiens.v86", unload=TRUE)
detach("package:ensembldb", unload=TRUE)
## the final data only keep the genes that have unique gene symbols
dat.filt10.symbol <- dat.filt10 %>% as_tibble(rownames = NA) %>% rownames_to_column() %>%
right_join(mymap %>% distinct(SYMBOL, .keep_all = TRUE), by = c("rowname"="GENEID")) %>%
dplyr::select(-rowname) %>% column_to_rownames(var = "SYMBOL") %>%
as.matrix()
Finally, we are going to work with dat.filt10.symbol
, which has 13157 genes and 75 samples. After the filtering and data transformation, the following figure shows that the final data follows a nice close-to-normal distribution, and the variance is stable across the range of mean expression.
## combined plot
g1 <- ggplot(data.frame("mean"=rowMeans(dat.filt10.symbol)), aes(x=mean)) +
geom_histogram(color="black", fill="white") + ggtitle("(a) Histogram of mean expression")
g2 <- meanSdPlot(dat.filt10.symbol, plot = FALSE)$gg + ggtitle("(b) Mean-variance relationship")
g <- grid.arrange(g1, g2, nrow=1, widths = c(1, 1.5), top=textGrob("Preprocessed data of HVP01 study", gp = gpar(fontface = 2, fontsize = 15)))


Type in your eZ-Publish Frontend and Backend URLs here:
Domains
To use the eZPublish Backend Switcher with your projects domain, please enter your Backend and Frontend URLs here first.
You will need to type the full URL, like this:
http://www.silversolutions.de/
Best practice is to just copy it from the URL-bar.


Home
RSVP
Directions
Registry
RSVP
Will you be attending?
Yes, I will be attending.
No, I will not be attending.


genomes viral deletion RNA Taiwanese using ORF cases nucleotide OpenUrl SARS-CoV- Taiwan CGMH-CGU- different strain CrossRef clustered isolates sequences virus Figure No. acid genome reference strains variations amino changes disease genomic marked patients samples showed tree viruses (version COVID- Chinese March NGS Phylogenetic Science Taiwan. Web according analysis cells confirmed coronavirus culture performed replication sequencing specimens used (No. -nt Analysis Data Download Sequencing Table USA) Viral coverage directly figure infections infections. isolated new number observed occurred reported respectively. sequence shown. shows values


The occupational traffic permit is one of the most important things in the
company
when carrying out freight transport. In fact, it is a prerequisite for
doing business traffic at all.
The occupational traffic permit is one of the most important things in the company
when carrying out
freight transport. In fact, it is a
prerequisite for doing business traffic at all.
Here you can find all web design and all of yours designing meterials
Here you can find all your primary health your good health and education
Consistency in packaging matter a lot. Give your attention match design elements
It can be understood that your fonts, sizes, headings, sub-headings, and button
Here you get the best featured in the world and you can do the best thing
when carrying out freight transport. In fact, it is a
The occupational traffic permit is one things in the company How do you a commercial traffic permit for freight transport to your business?
Refer anyoneThe occupational traffic permit is one things in the company How do you a commercial traffic permit for freight transport to your business?
Learn more


Discovered yellow jacket nest in the garden. Just one sting, but wow that still hurts hours later.
9/5/2011, 9:35:46 PM
Favs: 0
Retweets: 0
link--- layout: tweet ---
Discovered yellow jacket nest in the garden. Just one sting, but wow that still hurts hours later.
9/5/2011, 9:35:46 PM
Favs: 0
Retweets: 0
link


Web redirects are common and useful in the modern world. They let us point the user to a new or update website, webpage, or domain. In the modern world, a lot of users will navigate away from a webpage if it takes longer than 3 seconds to load. For this reason, light and efficient redirects are a must. As any time it takes the web page to load, the more users you will lose. The three most common ways to redirect a webpage is either through DNS redirects for domain redirects, and HTML and JavaScript redirects for individual webpages.
While JavaScript redirects are useful, taking full advantage of HTML redirects will improve the time a webpage takes to load significantly (compared in a ratio to Javascript redirects, HTML:JS).
A template for the most basic HTML redirect can be found bellow
<!DOCTYPE html>
Tells the web browser that the current webpage should be loaded as HTML.
This is typically only necessary for older web browsers
<html>
While this is not required, it is good practice to keep it included so all your tags
have a parent or root tag
<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0; URL=https://grathium-industries.github.io/" />
This
is the main redirect tag. It specifies that the program should redirect to the value specified in the
URL=[website]
parameter. Other optional parameters include time=[seconds]
for a x
second delay between the redirect
<title>Redirect</title>
Sets the tab to show the title as "Redirect", while this is
not required, it may be useful for people watch their history meticulously.
You are about to be redirected...
This is just some simple text which is displayed to the user, in
the event that the webpage does not load. You may wish to add a link here as well incase their web browser is
outdated or doesn't support HTML redirect.


DNS port 53 open
- Fingerprint server/ service
- host
- host [-aCdlnrTwv ] [-c class ] [-N ndots ] [-R number ] [-t type ] [-W wait ] name [server ] -v verbose format -t (query type) Allows a user to specify a record type i.e. A, NS, or PTR. -a Same as –t ANY. -l Zone transfer (if allowed). -f Save to a specified filename.
- nslookup
- nslookup [ -option ... ] [ host-to-find | - [ server ]]
- dig
- dig [ @server ] [-b address ] [-c class ] [-f filename ] [-k filename ] [-p port# ] [-t type ] [-x addr ] [-y name:key ] [-4 ] [-6 ] [name ] [type ] [class ] [queryopt... ]
- whois-h Use the named host to resolve the query -a Use ARIN to resolve the query -r Use RIPE to resolve the query -p Use APNIC to resolve the query -Q Perform a quick lookup
- DNS Enumeration
- Bile Suite
- perl BiLE.pl [website] [project_name]
- perl BiLE-weigh.pl [website] [input file]
- perl vet-IPrange.pl [input file] [true domain file] [output file] <range>
- perl vet-mx.pl [input file] [true domain file] [output file]
- perl exp-tld.pl [input file] [output file]
- perl jarf-dnsbrute [domain_name] (brutelevel) [file_with_names]
- perl qtrace.pl [ip_address_file] [output_file]
- perl jarf-rev [subnetblock] [nameserver]
- txdns
- txdns -rt -t domain_name
- txdns -x 50 -bb domain_name
- txdns --verbose -fm wordlist.dic --server ip_address -rr SOA domain_name -h c: \hostlist.txt
- nmap nse scripts
-
- Examine Configuration Files
- host.conf
- resolv.conf
- named.conf


LSQ
A Linked Dataset describing SPARQL queries extracted from the logs of a variety of prominent public SPARQL endpoints. We argue that this dataset has a variety of uses for the SPARQL research community, be it, for example, to generate benchmarks on-the-fly by selecting real-world queries with specific characteristics that we describe, or to conduct analysis of what SPARQL (1.1) query features are most often used to interrogate endpoints, or to characterize the behavior of the different types of agents that are using these endpoints, or to find out what queries agents are asking about a given resource, etc.
Licence
LSQ is free to use for research purpose. Please cite us Saleem, Muhammad, Muhammad Intizar Ali, Aidan Hogan, Qaiser Mehmood, and Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo. "LSQ: the linked SPARQL queries dataset." In International semantic web conference, pp. 261-269, 2015.
Full PDF Version of LSQ
A full version (explaining the complete details) of the LSQ can be downloaded from here
SPARQL Endpoint
LSQ SPARQL endpoint is available online. Currently, we have RDFized query logs of DBpedia3.5.1, Linked Geo Data, Semantic Web Dog Food, and British Museum. If you want to query for a particular query log you can specify the following named graphs.
- DBpedia: http://dbpedia.org
- Linked Geo Data: http://linkedgeodata.org
- Semantic Web Dog Food: http://data.semanticweb.org
- British Museum: http://bm.rkbexplorer.com
A list of example queries can be found at the bottom of this page.
Datadumps
The LSQ DBpedia , Linked Geo Data ,Semantic Web Dog Food , and British Museum datadumps are available online in turtle format.
Raw Queries Logs
The LSQ DBpedia , Linked Geo Data , Semantic Web Dog Food , and British Museum raw queries logs are available online.
Do You Want Your Own Local LSQ SPARQL Endpoint?
You can download the Virtuoso7.1 endpoints both for Windows and Linux. Start-up information is given below.
For Windows go to bin folder and click on start.bat file.
A virtuoso instance of the LSQ will be started at http://localhost:8890/sparql.
For Linux go to bin folder and execute
$ ./start_virtuoso.sh
Datahub Entry
LSQ is available at datahub as well.
Void Statistics
Our SPARQL endpoint directly provides the Void statistics for each of the query log. Below are the named graphs for Void. You may directly clicke on the named graphs to see the Void statistics on-th-fly.
- DBpedia: http://dbpedia.org/void
- Linked Geo Data: http://linkedgeodata.org/void
- Semantic Web Dog Food: http://data.semanticweb.org/void
- British Museum: http://bm.rkbexplorer.com/void
An example query to get DBpedia Void is given below
CONSTRUCT {?s ?p ?o} FROM <http://dbpedia.org/void>
WHERE
{
?s ?p ?o
}
OR
SELECT * FROM <http://dbpedia.org/void>
WHERE {?s ?p ?o}
The output of the SELECT query can be seen here
Schema Diagram
LSQ vocabulary can be downloaded from here.
Source Code
LSQ is open source. You can checkout the source code from LSQ Github. You want to RDFize your own query log, you may use the following.
Package: org.aksw.simba.dataset.lsq
Class: LogRDFizer
Use Cases
We wish to provide some concrete queries (relevant to the use cases discussed in paper) that can be issued against the LSQ SPARQL endpoint
UC1 Facilitating Benchmark Generation
Linked SQ can help users generate custom benchmarks by selecting real-world queries meeting certain criteria. The query given below is an example SPARQL query over LSQ that provides a list of 50 queries with additional parameters set for both structural and data-driven criteria useful for creating custom benchmarks.
PREFIX lsqv: <http://lsq.aksw.org/vocab#>
PREFIX sp: <http://spinrdf.org/sp#>
SELECT ?query FROM <http://data.semanticweb.org>
WHERE {
?id sp:text ?query ; lsqv:resultSize ?rs ; lsqv:triplePatterns ?tp ;
lsqv:runTimeMs ?rt ; lsqv:usesFeature lsqv:Filter .
FILTER (?rs > 10 && ?tp <5 && ?rt < 50 ) }
LIMIT 50
UC2 SPARQL Adoption
The Linked SQ dataset can also be used to gain insights into how the SPARQL query language is being used in practice, be that to find out how features are used and combined or to see, for example, what kinds of joins are most common. Below are the two example queries.
----The number of queries using both UNION and FILTER----
PREFIX lsqv: <http://lsq.aksw.org/vocab#>
SELECT (COUNT(?queryId) AS ?unionFilterCount)
WHERE { ?queryId lsqv:usesFeature lsqv:Union , lsqv:Filter . }
----The number of empty-result queries with path joins----
PREFIX lsqv: <http://lsq.aksw.org/vocab#>
SELECT (COUNT(?id) AS ?starQueries)
WHERE {
?id lsqv:joinVertex ?joinVertex ; lsqv:resultSize 0 .
?joinVertex lsqv:joinVertexType lsqv:Path . }
UC3 Caching
The Linked SQ dataset can also be used to find useful patterns to cache, commonly repeated queries, or to create realistic caching benchmarks using the timestamp of execution times. Query given below gives an example of an LSQ query that finds the most frequently executed queries that take a long time to compute but have small result sizes that can be cheaply cached.
PREFIX lsqv:<http://lsq.aksw.org/vocab#>
PREFIX sp:<http://spinrdf.org/sp#>
SELECT DISTINCT ?query (COUNT(?exs) AS ?exsCount)
WHERE {
?id sp:text ?query ; lsqv:resultSize ?rs ; lsqv:execution ?exs ; lsqv:runTimeMs ?rt .
FILTER (?rs < 100 && ?rt > 10000)}
GROUP BY ?query ORDER BY DESC(COUNT(?exsCount))
UC4 Usability
From the Linked SQ Dataset, one can derive a list of queries that resulted in parse errors, runtime errors, or empty results. One can also look at which agents issued such queries, and how their queries evolved over time. Query given below gives a small example of a query looking for parse errors encountered by a given agent, ordered by time.
PREFIX lsqv: <http://lsq.aksw.org/vocab#>
PREFIX lsqr: <http://lsq.aksw.org/res/>
PREFIX sp: <http://spinrdf.org/sp#>
PREFIX dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
SELECT ?query ?time ?error
WHERE {
?id sp:text ?query ; lsqv:parseError ?error ; lsqv:execution ?ex .
?ex dct:issued ?time ;
lsqv:agent lsqr:A-WlFJE0QQRlhBVRNGRx1QGVdaRhNsN2YUW15R .
}
ORDER BY ?time
UC5 Optimisation
Given a particular workload of queries, an optimiser can decide how to configure indexes, etc., to improve the performance of typical queries. Administrators can use LSQ to derive some default statistics for what is most common across different databases. For example, the query given below provides a query to see how frequently queries containing paths return zero results, which may motivate optimisations to pre-filter empty paths; one could consider a similar example to find path queries that take the longest time, which may suggest to materialise indexes for specific paths.
PREFIX lsqv: <http://lsq.aksw.org/vocab#>
SELECT (COUNT(?id) AS ?starQueries)
WHERE {
?id lsqv:joinVertex ?joinVertex ; lsqv:resultSize 0 .
?joinVertex lsqv:joinVertexType lsqv:Path .
}
UC6 Meta-querying
The final example query given below shows how one can find all the queries relating to a given resource, in this case Michael Jackson.
PREFIX sp:<http://spinrdf.org/sp#>
PREFIX lsqv: <http://lsq.aksw.org/vocab#>
SELECT DISTINCT ?query
WHERE {
?id sp:text ?query .
{ ?id lsqv:mentionsSubject <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Michael_Jackson> }
UNION
{ ?id lsqv:mentionsObject <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Michael_Jackson> }
}
Some Other Examples
Here are few of the SPARQL queries that might be interesting
---How an agent tried to correct queries with parse errors?---
PREFIX lsqv:<http://lsq.aksw.org/vocab#>
PREFIX lsqr:<http://lsq.aksw.org/res/>
PREFIX sp:<http://spinrdf.org/sp#>
PREFIX dct:<http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
SELECT ?query ?time
WHERE {
?id sp:text ?query .
?id lsqv:parseError ?error .
?id lsqv:execution ?executions.
?executions dct:issued ?time .
?executions lsqv:agent lsqr:A-WlFJE0QQRlhBVRNGRx1QGVdaRhNsN2YUW15R
}
---Get average of the different SPARQL query features from DBpedia query log---
PREFIX lsqv:<http://lsq.aksw.org/vocab#>
PREFIX sp:<http://spinrdf.org/sp#>
SELECT (AVG(?resultSize) AS ?resultSizeAvg) (AVG(?bgps) AS ?bgpsAvg)
(AVG(?triplePatterns) AS ?triplePatternsAvg) (AVG(?joinVertices) AS ?joinVerticesAvg)
(AVG(?meanJoinVerticesDegree) AS ?meanJoinVerticesDegreeAvg)
(AVG(?meanTriplePatternSelectivity) AS ?meanTriplePatternSelectivityAvg)
(AVG(?runTime) AS ?runTimeAvg)
FROM <http://dbpedia.org>
WHERE {
?id sp:text ?query .
?id lsqv:resultSize ?resultSize .
?id lsqv:bgps ?bgps.
?id lsqv:triplePatterns ?triplePatterns .
?id lsqv:joinVertices ?joinVertices .
?id lsqv:meanJoinVerticesDegree ?meanJoinVerticesDegree .
?id lsqv:meanTriplePatternSelectivity ?meanTriplePatternSelectivity .
?id lsqv:runTimeMs ?runTime .
}
---Top queries by number of executions---
PREFIX lsqv:<http://lsq.aksw.org/vocab#>
PREFIX sp:<http://spinrdf.org/sp#>
SELECT DISTINCT ?id (COUNT(?executions) AS ?executionsCount)
WHERE {
?id sp:text ?query .
?id lsqv:execution ?executions.
}
GROUP BY ?id
ORDER BY DESC(COUNT(?executions))
---Top agents by number of execution---
PREFIX lsqv:<http://lsq.aksw.org/vocab#>
PREFIX sp:<http://spinrdf.org/sp#>
SELECT DISTINCT ?agent (COUNT(?executions) AS ?executionsCount)
WHERE {
?id sp:text ?query .
?id lsqv:execution ?executions .
?executions lsqv:agent ?agent.
}
GROUP BY ?agent
ORDER BY DESC(COUNT(?executions))
Sample RDF Representation
A sample RDF representation of a query is given below.
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix lsqr: <http://lsq.aksw.org/res/> .
@prefix lsqrd: <http://lsq.aksw.org/res/SWDF-> .
@prefix lsqv: <http://lsq.aksw.org/vocab#> .
@prefix sp: <http://spinrdf.org/sp#> .
@prefix dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix swdf: <http://data.semanticweb.org/ns/swc/ontology#> .
# QUERY INSTANCE META-DATA
lsqrd:q483 lsqv:endpoint <http://data.semanticweb.org/sparql> ;
sp:text """SELECT DISTINCT ?prop
WHERE {
?obj rdf:type swdf:SessionEvent .
?obj ?prop ?targetObj .
FILTER (isLiteral(?targetObj)) }
LIMIT 150""" .
# STRUCTURAL META-DATA
lsqrd:q483 lsqv:bgps 1 ; lsqv:triplePatterns 2 ; lsqv:joinVertices 1 ;
lsqv:meanJoinVerticesDegree 2.0 ;
lsqv:usesFeature lsqv:Filter , lsqv:Distinct , lsqv:Limit ;
lsqv:mentionsSubject "?obj" ;
lsqv:mentionsPredicate "?prop" , rdf:type ;
lsqv:mentionsObject "?targetObj" , swdf:SessionEvent ;
lsqv:joinVertex lsqr:q483-obj .
lsqr:q483-obj lsqv:joinVertexDegree 2 ; lsqv:joinVertexType lsqv:Star .
# DATA-SENSITIVE META-DATA
lsqrd:q483 lsqv:resultSize 16 ; lsqv:runTimeMs 6 ;
lsqv:meanTriplePatternSelectivity 0.5007155695730322 .
# QUERY EXECUTION META-DATA
lsqrd:q483 lsqv:execution lsqrd:q483-e1 , lsqrd:q483-e2 , lsqrd:q483-e3 , lsqrd:q483-e4 .
lsqrd:q483-e1 lsqv:agent lsqr:A-WlxKE0QQRlhCUBdGRx1QGVRbQRNsN2YUWF5W ;
dct:issued "2014-05-22T17:08:17+01:00"^^xsd:dateTimeStamp .
lsqrd:q483-e2 lsqv:agent lsqr:A-WlxKE0QQRlhCUBdGRx1QGVRdRBNsN2YUW1pS ;
dct:issued "2014-05-20T14:34:35+01:00"^^xsd:dateTimeStamp .
lsqrd:q483-e3 lsqv:agent lsqr:A-WlxKE0QQRlhCUBdGRx1QGVRdRBNsN2YUW1pS ;
dct:issued "2014-05-20T14:28:37+01:00"^^xsd:dateTimeStamp .
lsqrd:q483-e4 lsqv:agent lsqr:A-WlxKE0QQRlhCUBdGRx1QGVRdRBNsN2YUW1pS ;
dct:issued "2014-05-20T14:24:13+01:00"^^xsd:dateTimeStamp .
# SPIN REPRESENTATION
lsqrd:q483 a sp:Select ;
sp:distinct true ; sp:limit "150"^^xsd:long ;
sp:resultVariables ( [ sp:varName "prop"^^xsd:string ] ) ;
sp:where (
[ sp:subject [ sp:varName "obj"^^xsd:string ] ;
sp:predicate rdf:type ;
sp:object <http://data.semanticweb.org/ns/swc/ontology#SessionEvent>
]
[ sp:subject [ sp:varName "obj"^^xsd:string ] ;
sp:predicate [ sp:varName "prop"^^xsd:string ] ;
sp:object [ sp:varName "targetObj"^^xsd:string ]
]
[ a sp:Filter ;
sp:expression [ a sp:isLiteral ; sp:arg1 [ sp:varName "targetObj"^^xsd:string ] ]
]
) .
Issue Tracker and Mailing List
If you notice any issue, you may use LSQ issue tracker. Alternatively, you can contact any of the LSQ team member. We would be more than happy to reply as soon as possible. You may also use LSQ Google mailing list for further discussion and suggestions.
Query Logs Results
Our complete query logs results (statistics about queries) can be downloaded here. Please refers to the LSQ paper for details.
How Can I Add My Queries?
If you have a query log, you may contact the maintainer of LSQ. In future, we are planning to provide an API for on-the-fly queries addition to our public endpoint. We are currently RDFizing Strabon and BioPortal queries logs and will be available soon. Stay tuned!.
LSQ Team
We are very thankful to Richard Cyganiak (TopQuadrant), Jens Lehmann (AKSW, Uni. Leipzig), Dimitris Kontokostas (AKSW, Uni. Leipzig), Ivan Ermilov (AKSW, Uni. Leipzig), and Hugh Glaser (Ethos VO Ltd) for providing query logs.


Desiree Stout
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