Class Item
Class that represents all items in the game.
Implements
Inherited Members
Namespace: Fibula.Items
Assembly: Fibula.Items.dll
Syntax
public class Item : Thing, IItem, IThing, ILocatable, IEquatable<IThing>, ICloneableThing<IThing>, IContainedThing
Constructors
| Improve this Doc View SourceItem(IItemTypeEntity)
Initializes a new instance of the Item class.
Declaration
public Item(IItemTypeEntity type)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| IItemTypeEntity | type | The type of this item. |
Properties
| Improve this Doc View SourceAmount
Gets or sets the amount of this item.
Declaration
public byte Amount { get; set; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Byte |
Attributes
Gets the attributes of this item.
Declaration
public IDictionary<ItemAttribute, IConvertible> Attributes { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<ItemAttribute, System.IConvertible> |
BlocksLay
Gets a value indicating whether the item blocks laying anything on it.
Declaration
public bool BlocksLay { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean |
BlocksPass
Gets a value indicating whether the item blocks walking on it.
Declaration
public bool BlocksPass { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean |
BlocksThrow
Gets a value indicating whether the item blocks throwing through it.
Declaration
public bool BlocksThrow { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean |
CanBeDressed
Gets a value indicating whether this item can be dressed.
Declaration
public bool CanBeDressed { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean |
CanBeMoved
Gets a value indicating whether this item can be moved.
Declaration
public override bool CanBeMoved { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean |
Overrides
| Improve this Doc View SourceCanBeRotated
Gets a value indicating whether this item can be rotated.
Declaration
public bool CanBeRotated { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean |
CarryLocation
Gets the location where this thing is being carried at, if any.
Declaration
public override Location? CarryLocation { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Nullable<Location> |
Overrides
| Improve this Doc View SourceChangeOnUseTo
Gets the Id of the item into which this will change upon use. Callers must check ChangesOnUse to verify this item does indeed have a target.
Declaration
public ushort ChangeOnUseTo { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.UInt16 |
Exceptions
| Type | Condition |
|---|---|
| System.InvalidOperationException | When there is no target to change to. |
ChangesOnUse
Gets a value indicating whether this item changes on use.
Declaration
public bool ChangesOnUse { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean |
DressPosition
Gets the position at which the item can be dressed.
Declaration
public Slot DressPosition { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Slot |
ExpirationTarget
Gets the Id of the item into which this will expire to, if it HasExpiration.
Declaration
public ushort ExpirationTarget { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.UInt16 |
Exceptions
| Type | Condition |
|---|---|
| System.InvalidOperationException | When the item does not expire. |
ExpirationTimeLeft
Gets the time left before this item expires, if it HasExpiration.
Declaration
public TimeSpan ExpirationTimeLeft { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.TimeSpan |
Exceptions
| Type | Condition |
|---|---|
| System.InvalidOperationException | When the item does not expire. |
HasCollision
Gets a value indicating whether this item triggers a collision event.
Declaration
public bool HasCollision { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean |
HasExpiration
Gets a value indicating whether this item expires.
Declaration
public bool HasExpiration { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean |
HasSeparation
Gets a value indicating whether this item triggers a separation event.
Declaration
public bool HasSeparation { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean |
IsContainer
Gets a value indicating whether this item is a container.
Declaration
public bool IsContainer { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean |
IsCumulative
Gets a value indicating whether this item can be accumulated.
Declaration
public bool IsCumulative { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean |
IsGround
Gets a value indicating whether this item is ground floor.
Declaration
public bool IsGround { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean |
IsGroundFix
Gets a value indicating whether this item is a ground aesthetic fix.
Declaration
public bool IsGroundFix { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean |
IsLiquidContainer
Gets a value indicating whether this item is a liquid container.
Declaration
public bool IsLiquidContainer { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean |
IsLiquidPool
Gets a value indicating whether this item is a liquid pool.
Declaration
public bool IsLiquidPool { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean |
IsLiquidSource
Gets a value indicating whether this item is a liquid source.
Declaration
public bool IsLiquidSource { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean |
LiquidType
Gets the type of liquid in this item, assuming it: IsLiquidPool, IsLiquidSource, or IsLiquidContainer.
Declaration
public LiquidType LiquidType { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| LiquidType |
MovementPenalty
Gets the movement cost for walking over this item, assuming it IsGround.
Declaration
public byte MovementPenalty { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Byte |
RotateTo
Gets the Id of the item into which this will rotate to. Callers must check CanBeRotated to verify this item does indeed have a target.
Declaration
public ushort RotateTo { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.UInt16 |
Exceptions
| Type | Condition |
|---|---|
| System.InvalidOperationException | When there is no target to rotate to. |
StaysOnBottom
Gets a value indicating whether this item stays on the bottom of the stack.
Declaration
public bool StaysOnBottom { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean |
StaysOnTop
Gets a value indicating whether this item stays on top of the stack.
Declaration
public bool StaysOnTop { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean |
Type
Gets a reference to this item's IItemTypeEntity.
Declaration
public IItemTypeEntity Type { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| IItemTypeEntity |
TypeId
Gets the type id of this item.
Declaration
public override ushort TypeId { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.UInt16 |
Overrides
Methods
| Improve this Doc View SourceClone()
Creates a new Item that is a shallow copy of the current instance.
Declaration
public override IThing Clone()
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| IThing | A new Item that is a shallow copy of this instance. |
Overrides
| Improve this Doc View SourceDescribeForLogger()
Provides a string describing the current thing for logging purposes.
Declaration
public override string DescribeForLogger()
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.String | The string to log. |
Overrides
| Improve this Doc View SourceIsPathBlocking(Byte)
Determines if this item is blocks pathfinding.
Declaration
public bool IsPathBlocking(byte avoidTypes = 14)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| System.Byte | avoidTypes | The damage types to avoid when checking for path blocking. By default, all types are considered path blocking. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Boolean | True if the tile is considered path blocking, false otherwise. |
Merge(IItem)
Attempts to join an item to this item's content at the default index.
Declaration
public (bool success, IItem surplusItem) Merge(IItem otherItem)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| IItem | otherItem | The item to join with. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.ValueTuple<System.Boolean, IItem> | True if the operation was successful, false otherwise. Along with any surplus of the item after merge. |
Split(IItemFactory, Byte)
Attempts to split this item into two based on the amount provided.
Declaration
public (bool success, IItem itemProduced) Split(IItemFactory itemFactory, byte amount)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| IItemFactory | itemFactory | A reference to the item factory in use. |
| System.Byte | amount | The amount of the item to split. |
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.ValueTuple<System.Boolean, IItem> | True if the operation was successful, false otherwise, along with the item produced, if any. |


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Rails 5.1.0.rc1 (March 20, 2017)
- No changes.
Rails 5.1.0.beta1 (February 23, 2017)
Redis subscription adapters now support
channel_prefix
option incable.yml
Avoids channel name collisions when multiple apps use the same Redis server.
Chad Ingram
Permit same-origin connections by default.
Added new option
config.action_cable.allow_same_origin_as_host = false
to disable this behaviour.Dávid Halász, Matthew Draper
Prevent race where the client could receive and act upon a subscription confirmation before the channel's
subscribed
method completed.Fixes #25381.
Vladimir Dementyev
Buffer now writes to WebSocket connections, to avoid blocking threads that could be doing more useful things.
Matthew Draper, Tinco Andringa
Protect against concurrent writes to a WebSocket connection from multiple threads; the underlying OS write is not always threadsafe.
Tinco Andringa
Add ::ActiveSupport::Notifications hook to
Broadcaster#broadcast
.Matthew Wear
Close hijacked socket when connection is shut down.
Fixes #25613.
Tinco Andringa
Please check 5-0-stable for previous changes.


EATING A film review by Edwin Jahiel Copyright 1996 Edwin Jahiel
EATING (1990) *** 1/4. Written, directed, edited by Henry Jaglom. Photography, Hanania Baer. Set design, Andrea Fenton. Cast: Nelly Alard (Martine), Frances Bergen (Mrs. Williams), Mary Crosby (Kate) Marlena Giovi (Sadie). Marina Gregory (Lydia), Daphne Kastner (Jennifer), Elizabeth Kemp (Nancy), Lisa Blake Richards (Helene), Gwen Welles (Sophie), Toni Basil (Jackie), Savannah Smith Boucher (Eloise), Claudia Brown (Gabby), Rachelle Carson (Cathy), Anne E. Curry (Cory), Donna Germain (Gerri), Beth Grant (Bea), Aloma Ichinose (Maria),Taryn Power (Anita), Jacquelin Woolsey (Milly). A Rainbow release. 110 min. Not rated.
While lack of food is the greatest concern on this planet, among affluent Americans there is too much to eat. This has led to an obsession.
People worry about their jobs, their income, politics, perhaps about the environment. But there's no common denominator like the fixation on food addiction, its causes, and the bad things it does to you. Especially within the large group that is the focus of Henry Jaglom's film EATING.
In an incessant stream of giggling arrivals bearing bizarre, California-culture, tension-relieving gifts, 38 women come to Helene's (Lisa Richards) for her 40th birthday. Most of them are younger than she is, and above-average in looks and figure. After all, this is Southern California, and the guests are in reality professional actresses. They also have heads which are probably filled with the helium of the balloons that festoon the house. Another reminder of where we are geographically.
Some sanity is introduced by Helene's still-handsome mother. As played by Frances Bergen (Edgar Bergen's widow and Candice's progenitor), she is relatively wise. Otherwise almost everyone else is obsessed with body shape and with food. Some are secretly jealous of friends. All are openly envious of French guest Martine (Nelly Alard) who's been sunbathing topless by the pool.
"Why do French women have such fantastic bodies?" they wonder. The question is valid but also discriminatory. Writer-director Jaglom leaves out the millions of men of France who can pig out on cuisine and still stay trim.
Nominally, Martine is there to make a French TV documentary on Southern California behavior. Deep down, however, she shares the concerns of her American friends. Alternating between observing and filming, she is eventually drawn into participating. Adding her true feelings to those of others, she unexpectedly reveals her own insecurities.
Jaglom is an oddity, a maverick who works entirely by himself and whose subjects are Hollywood people. EATING looks like an eavesdropping, voyeuristic Candid Camera film, or at least like a theatrical exercise of actors improvising at playing ordinary people. In reality this is a very clever, phony movie, a "staged documentary" whose every word on cellulite is penned by Jaglom and every foot of celluloid is creatively edited. Yet the actors are most convincing as real people and Jaglom's dialogues are amazingly on target. What an ear, what notebooks the man must have!
The party and Martine's camera catalyze confidences, stock-taking and some shifts in relationships. Remember again, this is not a cross-section of America but a slice of Southern California. It is hard to sort out many of the guests, who are different people yet come from basic sets of molds. Hardly anyone is really interesting or has any dimensions beyond the talk of food.
The talk brings out connected subjects or worries, such as sex, aging, family relations, sex, marriage, ambitions, sex, abortions, breast implants, shrinks, sex, and endless trivia--but no matter what is said, everything still returns to and revolves around the sun of food. The fact that the trivia are non-trivial to the speakers intensifies Jaglom's irony.
There have been rather few movies with food as their main star. Here is an incomplete list I have hastily compiled.
Luis Bunuel's surreal THE DISCREET CHARM OF THE BOURGEOISIE (1972) where a dinner is always interrupted; Marco Ferreri's LA GRANDE BOUFFE (1973), where people gorged themselves literally to death; a grotesque restaurant sequence in MONTY PYTHON'S THE MEANING OF LIFE (1982); Paul Bartel's EATING RAOUL (1982); Juzo Itami's TAMPOPO (1986); Gabriel Axel's BABETTE'S FEAST (1987); Peter Greenaway's THE COOK, THE THIEF, HIS WIFE AND HER LOVER (1989).
Since 1990 and EATING we have also seen Jeunet and Caro's cannibalistic DELICATESSEN (1991); Alfonso Arau's romantic LIKE WATER FOR CHOCOLATE (1992); Ang Lee's THE WEDDING BANQUET (1993) and EAT DRINK MAN WOMAN (1994).
Interestingly, the great majority of those films have been notable, even outstanding. Most of them are humorous or black humorous, while only BABBETTE, LIKE WATER and EAT DRINK glorify cuisine.
EATING is a most satisfactory movie too, while, with its realistic, cinema-verite approach, it differs a great deal from titles above, except that it can be very funny. A random example. A woman, anxious to break into movies, asks her actress friend: "Do I have to sleep with someone to get a part?" There's a tiny pause before the reply: "How big a part?"
The movie proceeds from one little drama to the next. All are ludicrous, most are comical, but some are funny-sad.  She concludes with what cured her: "I finally threw up Nancy."
All this may not be everybody's cup of tea. Even when it is, some viewers may find it overlong. I did not. My main objection is that only unsophisticated fare is mentioned, chocolate chip cookies, baked potatoes and the like. Couldn't Jaglom have refined the bill of fare and added Burgundian specialties, pasta dishes, sauerbraten, mid-Eastern or Asian delicacies, Linzer, Sacher or Dobosch tortes?
EATING is somewhat better than just good. It gets my three and a quarter stars but will not get even a single one from Gourmet Magazine.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


{% extends "base.html" %} {% import "bootstrap/wtf.html" as wtf %} {% block styles %} {{ super() }} {% endblock %} {% block mycontent %}
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Uploaded images must be less than 1 MB.
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ULI
Translation Guidelines
Version: 0.0
Date: 6 June 2013
The purpose of this document is to describe how the ULI
(Unicode Localization Data Interoperability Technical Committee)
sentence segmentation data spreadsheet is structured.
There are seven fields per entry,
- Entry: the entry as entered in context. Case is
currently ignored. If an Entry has “a.m. ; A.M.” please remove
one variant or split it into two rows.
- Full entry name: fully spelled out representation of
the entry, if different. May be identical to Entry.
- Example content including entry: An example of real
content when the entry is used within context
- isException: whether or not that usage represents an
override to UAX#29 (see http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr29/
for more details)
- Frequency: the likelihood of the entry of expected
segmentation behavior occurring within the context
- Notes: comments regarding the entry of expected
segmentation behavior
- Possible translations to English: all possible
translations of the entry to English within context
For example, in English, we have four distinct entries for
“Dr.”:
All rows with the identical “Entry” should add up to
100%.
If only a single value for isException is given (i.e. all Yes
or all No), the complementary percentage is assumed for the
complementary isException value.
For example, “20% Yes” implies 80% No, “10% No” implies 90%
Yes. “30% Yes / 40% Yes” implies 30% No.
It is an error to have both Yes and No and not explicitly
specify 100% of the cases.
Report a Bug


Minnesota's Legislature changes party hands with some frequency, and there are House districts around the state that could be changing their preferences post-2016, opening up opportunities for both parties to pick up seats. Meanwhile, in the Senate, one fateful special open seat will decide which party controls the chamber.
We've highlighted particularly interesting legislative races here, including a count of party power in each body, and results of all 134 House districts in the state.
It could be difficult for Republicans to defend their majority in the Minnesota House, which routinely changes hands. In the Senate, a special election will be the race that decides party control. It's in a Republican-leaning district, but DFLers are fighting for it.


Voice of the Mirror: Tories have crippled our NHS during 10-year rule
The target for cancer treatment has not been hit for four years, more patients are stranded on trolleys, and A&E waiting times are the worst ever recorded
by Mirror.co.ukThe NHS statistics stand as a damning indictment of nearly 10 years of Tory rule.
On every measurement the health service is struggling to cope.
More than four million patients are on the waiting list – the highest on record.
The target for cancer treatment has not been hit for four years, more patients are stranded on trolleys, and A&E waiting times are the worst ever recorded.
We are so used to reading such grim statistics there is a risk we become blind to the stories behind them.
Each number represents someone living in pain as they wait for treatment.
It represents a worried cancer sufferer or an elderly person who has had their operation cancelled. And it represents a family member anxious about losing a loved one.
The fact the NHS is close to imploding is entirely down to a Tory government that has starved it of funds. Only Labour is promising the cash it needs but that money must be spent wisely and coupled with reforms.
The Tories have betrayed health service staff and their patients. For this alone, they deserve to be booted out of office.

This included millions of pounds on housing families in B&Bs. They are the victims of the failure to build enough affordable housing and to regulate the rental market.
Greedy landlords have not only priced families out of their homes they are overcharging for shoddy emergency accommodation.
We should be ashamed this is happening in 21st century Britain.
Bucket twist
Britbox has made Hyacinth Bucket the face of its US advertising campaign.
It has been years since the show was broadcast in Britain but, in America, it keeps making appearances


<Left Mouse Button> - camera movement
CTRL+<Left Mouse Button> - camera rotation
<Mouse Wheel> - zoom


BREAKING: Fake policeman arrested in Kogi - The Nation Newspaper
by https://www.facebook.com/CheerfulpraiseNicholas Kalu, Lokoja
A fake police officer has been arrested by men of the Nigeria Police Force at the Igala Unity Square area in Anyigba, Dekina local government area of Kogi State.

When accosted and upon inquiry, it was realised he was not a policeman as he claimed to be and was immediately arrested and taken away in the bus.


Before Change
response = intent_obj.create_response()
response.async_set_speech(
"These are the top 5 items in your shopping list: {}".format(
", ".join(reversed(intent_obj.hass.data[DOMAIN][-5:]))))
intent_obj.hass.bus.async_fire(EVENT)
return response
After Change
items = intent_obj.hass.data[DOMAIN][-5:]
response = intent_obj.create_response()
if len(items) == 0:
response.async_set_speech(
"There are no items on your shopping list")
else:
response.async_set_speech(
"These are the top {} items on your shopping list: {}".format(
min(len(items), 5), ", ".join(reversed(items))))
return response
class ShoppingListView(http.HomeAssistantView):


Data Structures | |
| struct | packet_file_header |
| Header of a libpcap dump file. More... | |
| struct | sf_pkthdr |
| Header associated to a packet in the driver's buffer when the driver is in dump mode. Similar to the bpf_hdr structure, but simpler. More... | |
| struct | _PACKET_OID_DATA |
| Structure containing an OID request. More... | |
| struct | _INTERNAL_REQUEST |
| Stores an OID request. More... | |
| struct | _PACKET_RESERVED |
| Contains a NDIS packet. More... | |
| struct | _DEVICE_EXTENSION |
| Port device extension. More... | |
| struct | __CPU_Private_Data |
| Kernel buffer of each CPU. More... | |
| struct | _OPEN_INSTANCE |
| Contains the state of a running instance of the NPF driver. More... | |
| struct | PacketHeader |
| Structure prepended to each packet in the kernel buffer pool. More... | |
Defines | |
| #define | MAX_REQUESTS 32 |
| Maximum number of simultaneous IOCTL requests. | |
| #define | Packet_ALIGNMENT sizeof(int) |
| Alignment macro. Defines the alignment size. | |
| #define | Packet_WORDALIGN(x) (((x)+(Packet_ALIGNMENT-1))&~(Packet_ALIGNMENT-1)) |
| even multiple of Packet_ALIGNMENT. | |
| #define | KERNEL_EVENT_NAMESPACE L"\\BaseNamedObjects\\" |
| #define | MODE_CAPT 0x0 |
| Capture working mode. | |
| #define | MODE_STAT 0x1 |
| Statistical working mode. | |
| #define | MODE_MON 0x2 |
| Kernel monitoring mode. | |
| #define | MODE_DUMP 0x10 |
| Kernel dump working mode. | |
| #define | IMMEDIATE 1 |
| Immediate timeout. Forces a read call to return immediately. | |
| #define | NDIS_FLAGS_SKIP_LOOPBACK_W2K 0x400 |
| This is an undocumented flag for NdisSetPacketFlags() that allows to disable loopback reception. | |
| #define | TCPDUMP_MAGIC 0xa1b2c3d4 |
| Libpcap magic number. Used by programs like tcpdump to recognize a driver's generated dump file. | |
| #define | PCAP_VERSION_MAJOR 2 |
| Major libpcap version of the dump file. Used by programs like tcpdump to recognize a driver's generated dump file. | |
| #define | PCAP_VERSION_MINOR 4 |
| Minor libpcap version of the dump file. Used by programs like tcpdump to recognize a driver's generated dump file. | |
| #define | NPF_DISABLE_LOOPBACK 1 |
| Tells the driver to drop the packets sent by itself. This is usefult when building applications like bridges. | |
| #define | NPF_ENABLE_LOOPBACK 2 |
| Tells the driver to capture the packets sent by itself. | |
| #define | C_ASSERT(a) |
| #define | RESERVED(_p) ((PPACKET_RESERVED)((_p)->ProtocolReserved)) |
| Macro to obtain a NDIS_PACKET from a PACKET_RESERVED. | |
| #define | TRANSMIT_PACKETS 256 |
| of packets that can be transmitted at the same time or with a single call to NdisSendPackets. | |
| #define | EXIT_SUCCESS(quantity) |
| Macro used in the I/O routines to return the control to user-mode with a success status. | |
| #define | EXIT_FAILURE(quantity) |
| Macro used in the I/O routines to return the control to user-mode with a failure status. | |
Typedefs | |
| typedef struct _PACKET_OID_DATA | PACKET_OID_DATA |
| Structure containing an OID request. | |
| typedef struct _PACKET_OID_DATA * | PPACKET_OID_DATA |
| typedef struct _INTERNAL_REQUEST | INTERNAL_REQUEST |
| Stores an OID request. | |
| typedef struct _INTERNAL_REQUEST * | PINTERNAL_REQUEST |
| typedef struct _PACKET_RESERVED | PACKET_RESERVED |
| Contains a NDIS packet. | |
| typedef struct _PACKET_RESERVED * | PPACKET_RESERVED |
| typedef struct _DEVICE_EXTENSION | DEVICE_EXTENSION |
| Port device extension. | |
| typedef struct _DEVICE_EXTENSION * | PDEVICE_EXTENSION |
| typedef struct __CPU_Private_Data | CpuPrivateData |
| Kernel buffer of each CPU. | |
| typedef struct _OPEN_INSTANCE | OPEN_INSTANCE |
| Contains the state of a running instance of the NPF driver. | |
| typedef struct _OPEN_INSTANCE * | POPEN_INSTANCE |
Enumerations | |
| enum | ADAPTER_BINDING_STATUS { ADAPTER_UNBOUND, ADAPTER_BOUND, ADAPTER_UNBINDING } |
Functions | |
| C_ASSERT (sizeof(PACKET_OID_DATA)==12) | |
Variables | |
| ULONG | g_NCpu |
| NDIS_HANDLE | g_NdisProtocolHandle |
| struct time_conv | G_Start_Time |
| UINT | g_SendPacketFlags |
| #define EXIT_FAILURE | ( | quantity | ) |
| #define EXIT_SUCCESS | ( | quantity | ) |
| #define IMMEDIATE 1 |
| #define MAX_REQUESTS 32 |
| #define NDIS_FLAGS_SKIP_LOOPBACK_W2K 0x400 |
| #define NPF_DISABLE_LOOPBACK 1 |
| #define NPF_ENABLE_LOOPBACK 2 |
| #define Packet_ALIGNMENT sizeof(int) |
| #define Packet_WORDALIGN | ( | x | ) | (((x)+(Packet_ALIGNMENT-1))&~(Packet_ALIGNMENT-1)) |
| #define PCAP_VERSION_MAJOR 2 |
| #define PCAP_VERSION_MINOR 4 |
| #define RESERVED | ( | _p | ) | ((PPACKET_RESERVED)((_p)->ProtocolReserved)) |
| #define TCPDUMP_MAGIC 0xa1b2c3d4 |
| #define TRANSMIT_PACKETS 256 |
| typedef struct __CPU_Private_Data CpuPrivateData |
Kernel buffer of each CPU.
Structure containing the kernel buffer (and other CPU related fields) used to capture packets.
| typedef struct _DEVICE_EXTENSION DEVICE_EXTENSION |
Port device extension.
Structure containing some data relative to every adapter on which NPF is bound.
| typedef struct _INTERNAL_REQUEST INTERNAL_REQUEST |
Stores an OID request.
This structure is used by the driver to perform OID query or set operations on the underlying NIC driver. The OID operations be performed usually only by network drivers, but NPF exports this mechanism to user-level applications through an IOCTL interface. The driver uses this structure to wrap a NDIS_REQUEST structure. This allows to handle correctly the callback structure of NdisRequest(), handling multiple requests and maintaining information about the IRPs to complete.
| typedef struct _OPEN_INSTANCE OPEN_INSTANCE |
Contains the state of a running instance of the NPF driver.
This is the most important structure of NPF: it is used by almost all the functions of the driver. An _OPEN_INSTANCE structure is associated with every user-level session, allowing concurrent access to the driver.
| typedef struct _PACKET_OID_DATA PACKET_OID_DATA |
Structure containing an OID request.
It is used by the PacketRequest() function to send an OID to the interface card driver. It can be used, for example, to retrieve the status of the error counters on the adapter, its MAC address, the list of the multicast groups defined on it, and so on.
| typedef struct _PACKET_RESERVED PACKET_RESERVED |
Contains a NDIS packet.
The driver uses this structure to wrap a NDIS_PACKET structure. This allows to handle correctly the callback structure of NdisTransferData(), handling multiple requests and maintaining information about the IRPs to complete.
| typedef struct _DEVICE_EXTENSION * PDEVICE_EXTENSION |
| typedef struct _INTERNAL_REQUEST * PINTERNAL_REQUEST |
| typedef struct _OPEN_INSTANCE * POPEN_INSTANCE |
| typedef struct _PACKET_OID_DATA * PPACKET_OID_DATA |
| typedef struct _PACKET_RESERVED * PPACKET_RESERVED |
| C_ASSERT | ( | sizeof(PACKET_OID_DATA) | = =12 |
) |
| ULONG g_NCpu |
| NDIS_HANDLE g_NdisProtocolHandle |
| UINT g_SendPacketFlags |
| struct time_conv G_Start_Time |
documentation. Copyright (c) 2002-2005 Politecnico di Torino. Copyright (c) 2005-2009 CACE Technologies. All rights reserved.


ThreeContext creates a WebGL context using Threejs. It also handle mouse control with two possible logics (orbit or trackball)
An event can be associated to a ThreeContext instance: raycast
with the method
.on("raycast", function(hits){...})
where hits
is the object list being raycasted.
Extends EventManager
(DOMObject
= null
)
the div object as a DOM element.
(Object)
the options parameters
Adds a Thorus knot to the scene.
THREE.Mesh
:
Kills the scene, interaction, animation and reset all objects to null
Get the default AmbientLight
THREE.AmbientLight
:
Get the axes helper
THREE.Mesh
:
Get the camera
THREE.Camera
:
Get the default directional light
THREE.DirectionalLight
:
Get the scene, mainly so that we can externalize things from this file
THREE.Scene
:
Get the scene object
THREE.Scene
:
Get the png image data as base64, in order to later display it in a markup
Since we are using Controls, applying the lookat just on the camera in not enough
(THREE.Vector3)
a position to look at
Throw a ray from the camera to the pointer, potentially intersect some element.
Can emit the event onRaycast
with the section instance as argument
(Object)
the option object
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
options.emitEvent boolean
|
Throw the event
'raycast'
with the intersected objects in arguments (default:
false
, the result is returned)
|
options.parent THREE.Object3D
|
the raycast will be performed recursively on all the children of this object (default:
this._scene
)
|
(array | null)
:
an array of interections or null if none


Pi-hole Opt-out
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Located on the world famous Diani Beach, The Sandy Creeks Beach Resort and Spa is set within 100 acres of tropical gardens, overlooking the Indian Ocean. An oasis of tranquillity and serenity, the Resorts picturesque location is nestled on a coral headland overlooking vast stretches of golden beach. Shaded by indigenous coastal vegetation and exotic coconut palms the resort stretches over 500 metres of golden beach front offering the ultimate luxury beach holiday.
Sandy Creeks Beach Resort and Spa is renowned as Kenya's leading all-inclusive resort and takes pride in an exemplary level of service and attention to detail.


The Orient Key/Value Server interface is REST over HTTP protocol. In this page you can execute the basic commands to get acquainted with. The database
'demo' is persistent while 'temp' resides only in memory.
Direct URL: http://<server>:<port>/entry/<database>/<bucket>/<key>


Leadership
Worked with and lead many group projects with high throughput (50% increase).
Good with handling high severity situations and brainstorming through ideas.
Worked with and lead many group projects with high throughput (50% increase).
Good with handling high severity situations and brainstorming through ideas.
Developed and deployed several full stack web applications and websites.
Good with modern web technologies like:
HTML5, CSS3, JavaScript (ES8), Django, Flask, Node.js, Express, React.js, SQL and no-SQL DBMS.
Finding innovative and out-of-the-box solutions.
Have a eye for detail.
Profecient with Android App Development.
Familiar with Native Android (Java and Kotlin) and React Native.


Callisto Officiality Checker
Allows you to check whether a certain media resource is considered "official" at Callisto or not.
| Latest Block #: | {{currentBlockNumber | number}} |
| Chain Id | {{ajaxReq.chainId | number}} |
| Explorer | {{explorerOrigin()}} |
| $ | {{coinPriceService.coinPrices[ajaxReq.type].usd | currency}} |
Callisto Officiality CheckerAllows you to check whether a certain media resource is considered "official" at Callisto or not. |
|
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BNR Prolog Papers
Collection of formal and informal papers covering design and use of BNR Prolog (1988-1995).
View on GitHub


Provides two convenience functions assert() and test_pkg() to facilitate testing R packages.
| Version: | 0.9 |
| Suggests: | rstudioapi |
| Published: | 2018-12-05 |
| Author: | Yihui Xie [aut, cre], Steven Mortimer [ctb] |
| Maintainer: | Yihui Xie <xie at yihui.name> |
| BugReports: | https://github.com/yihui/testit/issues |
| License: | GPL-2 | GPL-3 [expanded from: GPL] |
| URL: | https://github.com/yihui/testit |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Materials: | README NEWS |
| CRAN checks: | testit results |
| Reference manual: | testit.pdf |
| Package source: | testit_0.9.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: testit_0.9.zip, r-release: testit_0.9.zip, r-oldrel: testit_0.9.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: testit_0.9.tgz, r-oldrel: testit_0.9.tgz |
| Old sources: | testit archive |
| Reverse imports: | clinPK, IalsaSynthesis, iemisc, nLTT, SACOBRA, TDMR, Wats |
| Reverse suggests: | animation, blogdown, bookdown, formatR, futile.matrix, highr, junctions, knitr, lambda.r, leaflet, NlsyLinks, rticles, tawny, tawny.types, tinytex, vpc, xaringan, xfun |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=testit to link to this page.


EBD - Easton Bible DIctionary
Engraver
ENGRAVER
"ENGRAVER" Hebrews harash (
Exodus 35:35
;
38:23
) means properly an artificer in wood, stone, or metal. The chief business of the engraver was cutting names or devices on rings and seals and signets (
Exodus 28:11, 21, 36
;
Genesis 38:18
).
"ENGRAVER" Hebrews harash (Exodus 35:35; 38:23) means properly an artificer in wood, stone, or metal. The chief business of the engraver was cutting names or devices on rings and seals and signets (Exodus 28:11, 21, 36; Genesis 38:18).


18649 - Behavioral Requirements I
System Objects and Message Dictionary
18649 Fall 2015
Group 12 - Daniel Gorziglia (dgorzigl), Daniel Haddox (dhaddox), Shepard Emerson (semerson), Thomas Eliot (tke)
Table of Contents
Elevator High-Level Requirements
R-T1. All passengers shall eventually be delivered to their
intended destination floor.
R-T2. Any unsafe condition shall cause an emergency stop.
R-T3. An emergency stop should never occur.
R-T4. Performance shall be optimized to the extent possible,
where performance is defined by the formula:
- ( 4 * average_passenger_delivery_time) +
maximum_passenger_delivery_time
- Performance is improved by reducing that value (short delivery
times are better). Delivery time is counted from the time a
passenger arrives at a floor to begin a trip and ends when that
passenger exits the elevator car. (Note: this is an arbitrary
formula for this project, but the general idea holds true for real
elevators.)
R-T5. Passenger satisfaction shall be optimized to the extent
possible, where satisfaction is defined by the formula:
- ( 4 *
average_passenger_satisfaction) + minimum_passenger_satisfaction
R-T6: The Car shall only stop at Floors for which there are pending calls.
R-T7: The Car shall only open Doors at Hallways for which there are pending calls.
R-T8: The Car Lanterns shall be use in a way that does not confuse passengers.
R-T8.1: If any door is open at a hallway and there are any pending calls at any other floor(s), a Car Lantern shall turn on.
R-T8.2: If one of the car lanterns is lit, the direction indicated shall not change while the doors are open.
R-T8.3: If one of the car lanterns is lit, the car shall service any calls in that direction first.
R-T9: The Drive shall be commanded to fast speed to the maximum degree practicable.
R-T10: For each stop at a floor, at least one door reversal shall have occured before the doors are commanded to nudge.
Note: The full set of example
requirements provided should result in an elevator with safe behavior
that meets top-level requirements other than having poor optimization
of performance. While it is obvious that the Dispatcher behavior
can be optimized, there are also other, more subtle, behavioral
optimizations possible as well.
Building description
The Building the elevator is in has floors numbered from 1 ..
MaxFloor. In this case, MaxFloor = 8
The setup of hallway entrances is as follows:
Floor Number
|
Hallway Description
|
8
|
FH only
|
7
|
FH and BH
|
6
|
FH only
|
5
|
FH only
|
4
|
FH only
|
3
|
FH only
|
2
|
BH only
|
1 (lobby)
|
FH and BH
|
"FH" is a shorthand for front hallway, and "BH" is a shorthand for back
hallway Floor #1, the lobby, is the lowest floor in the building.
Notation
Replication Notation
- f - floor, 1-8
- b - hallway, FRONT or BACK
- r - side, LEFT or RIGHT
- d - direction, UP or DOWN
"[...]" indicates an array of objects or values. There
are 10 valid hallways, and so there are 17 separate and distinct
HallCall[f, b, d] sensors -- 2 of them at each valid hallway, except
for the top and bottom floors which only have 1 sensor per valid
hallway.
"(...)" indicates a list of values associated with a
sensor/actuator. Single-valued inputs/outputs can have the "("
and ")" omitted as a notational convenience.
The suffixes "_up", "_down", "_front", and "_back" may be used in
lieu of a direction subscript, to make things more readable. e.g.:
HallCall_up[f, b] means
HallCall[f, b, up]
HallCall_down[f, b] means
HallCall[f, b, down]
HallCall_front[f, d] means
HallCall[f, front, d]
HallCall_back[f, d] means
HallCall[f, back, d]
HallCall_up_front[f] means
HallCall[f, front, up]
and so on...
Similarly, subscripting may be eliminated in general if desired
using an underscore notation. e.g.:
CarLantern_down means
CarLantern[down]
Multi-attributed items may have a particular state referred to by
concatenating elements, e.g.: Motor might have state FastUp or
SlowDown. ("StopStop" can always be abbreviated by "Stop")
Single attributes of a multi-attribute item are referred to using
"." notation. For example DesiredFloor.f refers to attribute "f"
of "DesiredFloor".
If a letter instead of a value is used in a subscript, it is
assumed that it can take any valid value. If the same letter is
used in multiple clauses within a single requirement element, it is
assumed that the letter takes the same value in all instances.
For example, in the phrase:
"AtFloor[f, b] ... CarCall[f, b] ... HallCall[g, b,
d]"
The Floor f and Hallway b for AtFloor and CarCall can be any valid
floor and valid hallway, but would have to be the same floor and
hallway. However, the floor for HallCall might or might not be
the same floor as for AtFloor and CarCall since it is a different
symbolic letter.
Replication in Sequence Diagrams
Replication is a problem in UML Sequence Diagrams. Rather than
introducing an attempt at formal notation (which gets very confusing
quickly), we will resort to using comments when multiple instances of
something are supposed to be coordinated (e.g., "wait for all doors to
close" will be a text comment in Sequence Diagrams, but shall be
represented rigorously in behavioral requirements).
Replication in Behavioral Requirements
Because the controllers are written in a generic way, it's
important to pay attention to the way the replication notation is used
in the behavioral requirements. Here are some general guidelines:
- "set mDoorMotor[b,r] to CLOSE" - refers to the particular
mDoorMotor output for hallway b, side r.
- "if any mDoorMotor[b,r] is set to CLOSE" - this statement would
be considered true if any of the four door motor messages (front-left,
front-right, back-left, back-right) were set to CLOSE.
- "if all mDoorMotor[b,r] are set to CLOSE" - considered true if
all four door motors were set to CLOSE
- "if any mDoorReversal[b,*] is true" - use the star notation to
denote replication in one dimension but not another. This
statement would be considered true either the left or right door
reversal on the b hallway of the car was true. This notation does
not check the door
reversals on the opposite hallway.
Initialization
Because ultimately we will do this all in simulation, we're going
to make your life easy by telling you the initial state of the system
(the "initialization" state) such as putting the elevator car at the
lobby floor with the doors closed. In a real elevator the
controllers have to figure out the system state for themselves when
power is applied.
System Elements
This section describes the elements of the system that are already
provided
The Car
The notation "Car" refers to the elevator Car that travels in a
hoistway. The movement of the Car itself is hidden within the
environment model, so it can only be observed through sensors and
controlled through actuators.
Physical State Sensors
These objects are instantiate in the system but do not have a network
interface. These objects must be read through the physical
interface of a controller.
- CarCall[f, b](v): Car Call buttons. v = {True,
False}.
-
- One per Floor and Hallway [f, b] combination, all located in
the CAR. No button object is instantiated for [f,b] combinations
where there is no landing.
- CarCall objects do not send network messages.
- Set to False at initialization.
- HallCall[f, b, d](v): Hall Call buttons. v =
{Pressed, Idle}.
- One per Floor, Hallway, and Direction [f, b, d] combination,
all located in the hallways. No button is instantiated for floors that
have no landing. Also, the topmost floor does not have Up
buttons; bottommost floor does not have Down buttons.
- HallCall objects do not send network messages.
- Set to False at initialization.
DriveSpeed(s,d): main drive speed readout. s
is speed s = {double 0 .. } in meters/sec d is direction d =
{Up, Down, Stop}
- One per Car.
- Provides information about the current drive speed set by
Drive(s,d) !! but this is the actual drive status rather than the
status commanded by Drive(s,d). (Note that there will be a time
delay between commanding the drive to change speed and the drive
actually attaining that speed. This lets you know when the
commanded speed is actually attained.)
- Initialized to (0, Stop).
Smart Sensors
These sensor values are available for use by the control system.
The below-listed values will correspond to network messages in the
implementation phase.
Note: If an object that sends a network message is not
instantiated (such as an atFloor sensor at a [f,b] without a landing),
then no network message with that CAN id is ever sent.
- AtFloor[f, b](v): Floor proximity sensor. v
= {True, False}.
- One per Floor and Hallway [f, b] combination.
- Indicates True at a point where the Car is approximately
level with floor f. If there is no landing at a particular
hallway on a particular floor, then no sensor is instantiated for that
landing, so no network messages will be sent. For example, there
is a back landing but no front landing at the second floor, so an
AtFloor[2,back] sensor will be instantiated, but an AtFloor[2,front]
sensor will not be instantiated. It is assumed that the width of
the Stop zone is such that the Drive has enough time to switch from
going at Slow speed to Stop and still have the car level with the
floor.
-
- Set to False at initialization, except the lobby switch
is set to True at initialization.
- AtFloor[f, b] shall be set True if and only if
CarPosition is within 150 msec of travel time of floor position f at
Slow speed in either direction and there is a hallway at [f, b].
- Note: the AtFloor
sensor will not be triggered if the car is going faster than Slow.
- CarLevelPosition(x): Car position sensor. x =
{integer 0 .. } in millimeters
- One per Car.
- Reports approximate position of car in hoistway based on
position sensors placed at 10 cm intervals in the hoistway. Gets
updated each time the car passes one of these sensors.
- Set to Lobby position at initialization.
- DoorClosed[b, r](v): Door Closed switches. v
= {True, False}.
- One per Door [b, r] for b = {Front, Back} and r = {Left,
Right}.
- Indicates True when the Door[b, r] is fully closed.
- Set to True at initialization.
- DoorClosed[b, r] shall be True if and only if DoorPosition[b,
r] has a value less than 1.
- DoorOpened[b, r](v): Door Opened switches. v
= {True, False}.
- One per Door [b, r] for b = {Front, Back} and r = {Left,
Right}.
- Indicates True when the Door[b, r] is fully open.
- Set to False at initialization.
- DoorOpened[b, r] shall be True if and only if DoorPosition[b,
r] has a value greater than 490.
- DoorReversal[b, r](v): Door Reversal
sensors. v = {True, False}.
- One per Door [b, r] for b = {Front, Back} and r = {Left,
Right}.
- Indicates True whenever the Door [b, r] senses an obstruction
in the doorway.
- Set to False at initialization.
- Level[d](v):
Leveling sensors. v = {True, False}. These sensors allow
for more accurate leveling of the car.
- One per direction, affixed to the car a fixed distance above
and below the car.
- In addition to the sensors, there is a leveling vane at every
floor. The leveling vane is a protrusion that is exactly centered
on the floor position.
- The leveling sensors are beam sensors. When the car is
level, one sensor is above the vane and the other is below. Since
the vane does not obstruct either sensor, both read true. If the
car is out of level, one or the other of the sensors will be blocked by
the vane and read false.
- The width of the vane and position of the level sensors is
configures so that when the atFloor[f,b] sensor becomes true (as the
car approaches the floor), one of the leveling sensors will already be
blocked. Thus, if any mAtFloor[f,b] is true and both leveling
sensors are true, the car is level.
- When the car is at a floor and both sensors are true, the level
error is less than or equal to 5mm.
- HoistwayLimit[d](v): Safety limit switches in the
hoistway. v = {True, False}. One pair per Car, d = {Up,
Down}.
- A HoistwayLimit[d] switch activates when the car has over-run
the hoistway limits (used as a trigger for emergency stopping). The
d=Up switch is at top of hoistway; d=Down switch is at bottom of
hoistway.
- Set to False at initialization.
- CarWeight(x): Car weight sensor. x = {int 0
.. } in tenths of pounds (lbs)
- One per Car.
- Provides information about current total weight of passengers
in the car in tenths of pounds (lbs). The car weight sensor
shall not be affected by the acceleration/deceleration of the car.
MaxCarCapacity is the maximum allowable weight for safe travel
in car.
- CarWeight is set to 0 at initialization. (Car is empty)
- CarWeightAlarm(v): v =
{True, False}
-
- One per Car
- Provides information about the status of the buzzer.
The buzzer rings any time the car is overweight.
- Set to false at initialization
Environmental-Only System State:
These values keep track of current system state. They are not
accessible to the
control system, but have been used in the specifications for building
the simulation system.
- DoorPosition[b, r](x): Amount that the door is
open. x = {integer 0 .. 500}
-
- One per Door [b, r] for b = {Front, Back} and r = {Left,
Right}.
- Value is the amount the door is open as a thousandth of
doorway width. Each DoorPosition[b, r] can range from 0 to
500. With both Door_Front[r] open at 500 the entire front doorway
is opened overall. With both Door_Back[r] open at 500 the entire back
doorway is opened overall.
- Set to 0 at initialization (front doors closed).
- CarPosition(x): Vertical position of car. x
= {integer 0.. } in millimeters
-
- Tracks the position of the car in meters (not the same as
floor number or CarLevelPosition).
- Set to Lobby position at initialization.
System Actuators
The below-listed values will correspond to network messages in the
implementation phase. All actuators are assumed to "remember"
their last commanded value and stay there unless commanded otherwise or
forced otherwise by system/environment constraints.
- DoorMotor[b, r](m): Door motor. m = {Open,
Close, Nudge, Stop}
-
- One per Door [b, r] for b = {Front, Back} and r = {Left,
Right}.
- Opens and closes the door. It is permissible to
transition directly from Open to Close, Open to Nudge, Nudge to Open,
and Close to Open without first
commanding a Stop, although the door requires some time to change
directions.
- Set to Stop at initialization; see DoorMotor object
description for details.
- CarLantern[d](k): Car Lanterns.
k = {On, Off}.
-
- One set per Car, d = {Up, Down}.
- These are the Up/Down arrows placed on the car door frames.
Used by Passengers on a Floor to figure out whether to enter the Car.
- Set to Off at initialization.
- CarLight[f, b](k): Car Call Button lights. k
= {On, Off}.
-
- One per CarCall[f, b] button.
- The light inside the car call button, used to indicate to
passengers that a car call has been registered by the dispatcher.
- Set to Off at initialization.
- CarPositionIndicator(f): Position Indicator in
Car. f = {integer 1..MaxFloor}.
-
- One per Car.
- Displays floor status information to the passengers in the
Car.
- Set to 1 at initialization.
- HallLight[f, b, d](k): Hall Call Button
lights. k = {On, Off}.
-
- One per HallCall[f, b, d] button.
- The light inside the hall call button, used to indicate to
passengers that a hall call at that Floor f has been registered by the
Dispatcher for direction d.
- Set to Off at initialization.
- Drive(s,d): 3-speed main elevator drive. s
is speed s = {Fast, Slow, Level, Stop}, d is direction d = {Up,
Down,
Stop}
-
- One per Car.
- Moves the Car up and down the hoistway according to a
velocity profile that depends on a variety of physical factors.
- Set to (Stop, Stop) at initialization; see Drive object for
details.
- Note that current Drive speed can be determined via
DriveSpeed(s,d) and is not necessarily the same as the Drive command
because of the acceleration profile.
- While the drive is stopped, if the car weight changes, the
car may move downward as a result of cable slip.
- CarWeightAlarm(k): Car weight overload alarm. k =
{On,
Off}.
- Buzzer that sounds when the CarWeight sensor detects that the
elevator
is weight overloaded (above MaxCarCapacity). It's the signal to
the passengers that at least one must step off the elevator before it
continues operation.
- Set to Off at initialization.
Environmental-Only Actuators
- EmergencyBrake(b): Emergency stop brake. b = {On,
Off}
-
- Supplies emergency braking in case of safety violation such
as hoistway limit over-run or movement with doors open. One per
Car. Can be used exactly one time, after which elevator hoistway
requires significant repair maintenance. Triggering the
EmergencyBrake in simulation means that either a safety-critical
sensor/actuator has been broken or your elevator controller has
attempted unsafe operation. (If the EmergencyBrake activates
during your final project demo due to an attempt of unsafe operation,
there will be a scoring penalty.)
- Set to Off at initialization.
Control System Objects
In addition to the objects described above, there are several complex
control system objects. These objects are summarized below.
The detailed specification of these objects can be found in the Behavioral Requirements II
document.
Environmental objects have already been designed and are provided by
the system. The other control objects will be the primary focus
of your design effort.
- Passenger (environmental) - the simulated passenger that
interacts with the physical interface of the elevator
- Safety Sensor (environmental) - monitors the system state and
triggers the emergency brake if an unsafe condition is detected.
- Drive (environmental) - moves the car according to the Drive
commands and the elevator acceleration profile.
- DoorMotor[b,r] (environmental) - moves the doors according to the
DoorMotor commands.
- DoorControl[b,r] - controls the motion of the doors
- DriveControl - controls the motion of the car
- LanternControl[d] - controls a the direction lanterns
- HallButtonControl[f,b,d] - controls the hall lights and and
monitors hall buttons at the landings
- CarButtonControl[f,b] - controls the car lights and and monitors
car buttons inside the car
- CarPositionControl - controls the output of the car position
indicator
- Dispatcher - determines the order in which floors and hallways
are serviced
Network Message Dictionary
This section defines the network messages that may be sent. The
design MUST follow the message dictionary. Following the message
dictionary means:
- Every message defined in the message dictionary is sent.
- No message not defined
in the message dictionary is sent.
- Each message carries the information described in the dictionary.
Environmental Object Messages
These messages are sent by environmental objects and smart sensors
provided in the system
Source Node Name
|
Message Name |
Replication
|
Number of fields
|
Description
|
Safety Object
|
mEmergencyBrake |
none |
1
|
see object description
|
| AtFloor Sensor |
mAtFloor |
floor, hall |
1
|
see object description |
Level Sensor
|
mLevel
|
direction
|
1
|
see object description
|
| CarLevelPosition Sensor |
mCarLevelPosition |
none |
1
|
see object description |
| Door Closed Sensor |
mDoorClosed |
hall, side |
1
|
see object description |
| Door reversal Sensor |
mDoorReversal |
hall, side |
1
|
see object description |
| Weight Sensor |
mCarWeight |
none |
1
|
see object description |
| Weight Sensor |
mCarWeightAlarm |
|
1
|
see object description |
| Door Opened Sensor |
mDoorOpened |
hall, side |
1
|
see object description |
| Hoistway Limit Sensor |
mHoistwayLimit |
direction |
1
|
see object description |
Controller Messages
These messages are sent by the controllers that you will design.
In the later projects, you will be allowed to modify the message
dictionary for the controllers in a limited way, but for the time
being, you must implement the message dictionary given below:
Source Node Name
|
Message Name |
Replication
|
Number of Fields
|
Description |
| Drive Control |
mDriveSpeed
|
none |
2
|
The current speed and direction of the car
- Speed - a numeric value
- Direction - one of {STOP, UP, DOWN}
|
| Drive Control |
mDrive |
none |
2
|
The commanded speed and direction of the car
- Speed - one of {STOP, LEVEL, SLOW, FAST}
- Direction - one of {STOP, UP, DOWN}
|
| Dispatcher |
mDesiredDwell* |
none |
1
|
A pair numeric values indicating the desired dwell time for the door at each hallway
|
| Dispatcher |
mDesiredFloor** |
none |
3
|
The desired floor, hallway, and direction
- floor - the next floor to be serviced, [1,8]
- hallway - the hallway to be serviced, one of {FRONT, BACK,
BOTH, NONE}
- direction - the intended direction of travel after servicing the desired floor,
one of {UP, DOWN, STOP}
|
| Door Control |
mDoorMotor |
hall, side |
1
|
The current command to the door. One of {STOP, OPEN,
CLOSE}
|
| Hall Button |
mHallCall |
floor, hall, direction |
1
|
Indicate the presence of a hall call in the direction at the
floor and hall. One of {true, false}
|
| Car Button |
mCarCall |
floor, hall |
1
|
Indicate the presence of a car call for a certain floor and
hall. One of {true, false} |
Removed messages
Source Node Name
|
Message Name |
Replication
|
Number of Fields
|
Description |
| Car Light |
mCarLight |
floor, hall |
1
|
Indicate the state of the car light One of {true, false} |
| Hall Light |
mHallLight |
floor, hall, direction |
1
|
Indicate the state of the hall light One of {true,
false}
|
Notes:
**mDesiredFloor:
- The dispatcher uses this to indicate the next floor to stop
at. A direction of Stop means that there is no preferred
direction. Directions of Up and Down have the implication that
the next direction the elevator will move in is up or down,
respectively.
- Note: the value of desired
direction is not necessarily the current direction of motion. The
car may be moving Up with a desired direction of Down, which means that
the elevator will go down after it stops at a floor.
- The value of DesiredFloor may change dynamically and
non-monotonically.
- Once doors begin opening the elevator is committed to perform a
full door cycle operation.
- The f
field (desired floor) value must change to the next floor by the time
the doors are fully open.
- The d
field (desired direction) value must not change while the doors are
open.


The {{component.fileName}} {{type}} {{type === 'styles' ? 'are' : 'is'}} included by default if you import '~@sebgroup/bootstrap/scss/bootstrap'
in your project (import to styles.scss if you're using angular-cli), to optimize your app you should however only import the parts you need (see import with minimal dependencies below).


QuickCredit
Admin
Loan Repayment History
Loan ID:
Date Created:
Monthly Installment:
Loan Amount:
Amount Paid:
Status:
Balance:


Make sure you select the name, enter the score of the monitor, set the auto-fail option (if needed), and choose your name from the list. The date will automatically fill in.
Print the current screen to a PDF using the icon.
This page displays all the monitors completed this month.
This page will show all the monitors completed by the selected lead.
Add/Remove/Change agents. Agents that are inactive will not show up in the monitored agents list, but will show up in the completed monitors. To toggle the active state of the agent use the / button to the right of the agent's row.
Add/Remove/Change leads. Leads that are inactive will not show up in the New Monitors form, but will be in the Monitors by Lead form. Toggle the active state of the lead by clicking the / button to the right of the lead.


A thread to lose weight, and see a healthier version of me, v2021.6?. This is inspired from closely following Priyanka and Jason
In the ending months of 2020, I started with regularly doing a form of excercise be it skipping, walking, or HIIT. This has helped me lower the rest heartbeat which had increased to a high of >95. Now, after 3 months it’s down to staying in the 70 range. Somedays even staying in the 65-70 range.
To explain the jargons:
-
hw: highest weight
-
sw: starting weight
-
cw: current weight
-
gw: goal weight
-
hf: highest fat %
-
sf: starting fat %
-
cf: current fat %
-
gf: goal fat %
The log will be updated weekly with the latest first. Incase you want to start from the beginning, jump here
For daily updates, check the daily fitness log
Ok, lets start.
- hw: 81.55 kgs (04/01/2021)
- sw: 81.55 kgs (04/01/2021)
- hf: 24
- sw: 20.2
March 23, 2021
- cw: 74.20 kgs (23/03/2021)
- gw1: 78 kgs ✔
- gw2: 75 kgs ✔
- gw3: 73 kgs
- gw4: 70 kgs
- cw: 20.2 (23/03/2021)
- gf1: 20
- gf2: 19
- gf3: 18
- gf4: 17
- gf5: 16
- gf6: 15
Update after a long time. March was mostly keeping the weight constant. I dropped only a kilo over the month, which was deliberately. The next step would be to drop the fat percentage so I’m planning to track the same.
March 1, 2021
- cw: 75.15 kgs (01/03/2021)
- gw1: 78 kgs ✔
- gw2: 75 kgs
- gw3: 73 kgs
- gw4: 70 kgs
- gw5: 67 kgs
We are at another milestone! 8th week of tracking daily and weekly. There were a lot of ups and downs. But this time it feels like Jan was soooo long back, and I started so long back. Feels like ages.
 The t-shirts were pricey and I was not sure if I was doing the right decision.
Yesterday, I wore the tshirts and they were a beautiful fit. These small things really make you happy and helps attaining the “Love for Boredom”.
Today I feel like Goals are overrated, Journeys are underrated. There should be perfect balance between them.
pats on the back again
Let’s see what awaits next month but as I said last month, every small milestones needs celebrations! :')
March here I come. You are going to be tough!
February 22, 2021
- cw: 76.60 kgs (22/02/2021)
- gw1: 78 kgs ✔
- gw2: 75 kgs
- gw3: 73 kgs
- gw4: 70 kgs
- gw5: 67 kgs
Nope, Nope! Pretty tough week. I was forcing myself to do things, though I did hit 8 kms walk in between. My vO2 max went down. I’m planning to change a couple of things, you can see more in the future logs.
But I’m happy because this is the first time I’ve hit 76ish since the beginning. Last week of the month. Hope to enter 75 bracket.
February 15, 2021
- cw: 77.70 kgs (15/02/2021)
- gw1: 78 kgs ✔
- gw2: 75 kgs
- gw3: 73 kgs
- gw4: 70 kgs
- gw5: 67 kgs
A late update on (22/02/2021). The week was good, but since it’s a late update I don’t recall anything.
February 08, 2021
- cw: 78.70 kgs (08/02/2021)
- gw1: 78 kgs
- gw2: 75 kgs
- gw3: 73 kgs
- gw4: 70 kgs
- gw5: 67 kgs
First increase in the weekly log. Could not help this week. I though I could manage, and almost did, I was at 77ish on Sunday. I ended up having a invitation on Sunday at I was bombarded with food.
4 days of this week was us partying, so this is kind of acceptable.
Let’s see what the next week holds for me.
February 01, 2021
- cw: 77.35 kgs (01/02/2021)
- gw1: 78 kgs ✔
- gw2: 75 kgs
- gw3: 73 kgs
- gw4: 70 kgs
- gw5: 67 kgs
Milestone! Milestone! Milestone!.
- Achieved first goal weight of 78 kgs
- Completed January Walking Challenge with 130 kms
- Body age down to 28
- And 4 weeks of tracking daily.
- Some technical, cleared CKA.
pats on the back
Let’s see what awaits next month but as it is said, every small milestones needs celebrations! :') Super happy
January 25, 2021
- cw: 78.15 kgs (25/01/2021)
- gw1: 78 kgs
- gw2: 75 kgs
- gw3: 73 kgs
- gw4: 70 kgs
- gw5: 67 kgs
A good week of fun, though I’m guilty of not exercising daily towards the end, and partying over the week (controlled one). In the beginning of the week, I was dropping quick, as low as 77.7 kgs. Good thing about that is it is below my goal weight but ended the week with 78.15 kgs. Also, I’m trying to fix my diet, not by eating less. Actually I’ve been eating a lot, a lot, compared to what I was eating at the beginning of the journey. Though most of them are fruits, and veggies. Still 3rd week is too early to say about habits. Onwards to 4th week! Hopes are high to lose the first goal weight.
January 18, 2021
- cw: 79.30 kgs (18/01/2021)
- gw1: 78 kgs
- gw2: 75 kgs
- gw3: 73 kgs
- gw4: 70 kgs
- gw5: 67 kgs
A mixed week. I was sick, but continued to exercise on a couple of days. I was dropping fast, to 78.70 kgs on Friday, so pulled to brakes and gave some time to the body to recover from fever as well as the fatigue from exercises. I’m not looking to drop fast in a unhealthy manner. Treated myself with a cheat day on Sunday. Third week! Here I come!
January 11, 2021
- cw: 80.05 kgs (11/01/2021)
- gw1: 78 kgs
- gw2: 75 kgs
- gw3: 73 kgs
- gw4: 70 kgs
- gw5: 67 kgs
A good week. I’m down by 1.5 kgs, but since this is just the first week I’m not getting my expectations high. Hope to have a good second week.


The Branch Manager looks down on you with a stern yet puzzled face, and he starts asking you some questions.
"So you knowingly stole library property?" he asks.
Yeah, sorry about that, you say.
"You then used that stolen property to break into an unauthorized area to look around essentially?" The Viking King asked next.
I see how bad this looks, but it's an honest mistake, you plead. The Big Boss Man continues.
"And now that you are caught, you somehow think admitting to all these infractions like it's no big deal will help you in your current situation?"
Yes! Absolutely!... Wait!
Before you can finish, The Viking King informs you that you are Banned. Suddenly you hear a chorus of people chanting Banned! Banned! Banned!   You stay there for what seems like weeks.
All they give you for sustenance is moldy bread and dirty water. How long are they going to keep me here, you start to think. Before you can finish your thought, you are dragged out of your cell and taken to the executioner's block.
The last thing you hear is chanting. Banned! Banned! Banned!


Owner
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Welcome to DateMate, this is a tool you can use to plan your perfect Date Night. Click the 'Movie Selection' Button and then click the 'Recipe Selection' button to get started!
Select a Recipe
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Welcome to DateMate, this is a tool you can use to plan your perfect Date Night. Click the 'Movie Selection' Button and then click the 'Recipe Selection' button to get started!


Ticket ID: 409788
Name:
Parker Seide!
No Active Support
Email:
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Response Time:
72hours, 60hours left
Last Action:
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Link to public post
Status:
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# Topic Modeling of MeiCogSci Abstracts Sara Jakša (University of Ljubljana)
## Once upon a time...
## Problem ![](images/big-data.png)
## Latent Dirichlet Allocation ![](images/table-with-bowls.png)
![](images/teme.png)
![](images/teme-neurology.png)
![](images/teme-constructivism.png)
![](images/teme-modeling.png)
## How popular is the conference?
![](images/abstract-numbers.png)
## Which topics are popular?
* Constructivism * Society * Learning * Decision Making * Neuroscience * Language * Perception * Modeling
| Year | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | |------|----------------|-----------------|-----------------| | 2014 | constructivism | learning | neuroscience | | 2015 | constructivism | learning | perception | | 2016 | constructivism | decision making | society | | 2017 | constructivism | society | decision making | | 2018 | constructivism | society | decision making | | 2019 | constructivism | society | language |
![](images/relative-topics.png)
![](images/abstract-numbers.png)
## Which topics are studied together? (Interdisciplinary)
### Topics that appear together a lot | Topic1 | Topic2 | | --------------------- | --------------- | | TMS | Neuroscience | | Tasks | Decision Making | | Constructivism | Society | | Reinforcment Learning | Neural Networks | | Reinforcming Learning | Modeling |
### Topics that don't appear together as much | Topic1 | Topic2 | | --------------------- | --------------- | | Constructivism | Neuroscience | | Neuroscience | Society | | Neuroscience | Decision Making | | Perception | Constructivism | | Language | Neuroscience |
### Number of abstracts by number of topics ![](images/interdiciplinarity-in-time.png)
## Which topics use humans in their experiments?
### Topics with most human experiments: Perception, Attention, Non-Typical, Categorization, Neuroscience ### Topics with least human experiments: * Reinforcment Learning, Modeling, Systems
| ***Subject*** | ***Participant*** | | --------------- | ----------------- | | TMS | Tasks | | Pitch | Language | | Neural Networks | Decision Making | | Neuroscience | Attention | | Reasoning | Verbalization |
## What is the personality (Big Five) of researchers of each topic?
### Topics with most agreeable researchers: Health, Non-Typical, Decision Making ### Topics with least agreeable researchers: Reinforcment Learning, Neural Netowrks, Systems
### Topics with most neurotic researchers: Reinforcment Learning, Systems, Tasks ### Topics with least neurotic researchers: Non-Typical, Health, Pitch
### Topics with most extraverted researchers: Decision Making, Society, Attention ### Topics with least extraverted researchers: Neuroscience, TMS, Health


{% extends 'main/base.html' %} {% load static %} {% block content %}
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Well it all started when I just turned 16. I had been smoking pot for about half a year now and was in search of new highs. I had thought about trying everything from heroine to cocaine, but hadn't..Then I remembered my older brother stealing my moms pain medication and snorting them at a friends while we were playing Halo on XBOX. He asked if anyone wanted the last line ,I wanted to say yes but he restricted me to only smoking pot, so he went ahead and did the line.
Well, about 4 months ago I stole my first 3 pills from my mother, they were called Oxycontin.I had researched them on the internet a lot trying to find out how much to snort. I had seen several cases where people overdose at 60 - 160 milligrams. Well, me being depressed went for 80, that was 1 oxy (O.C.).
So I then went to school on this great high, but immediately some friends noticed and I told them I was on top of the world, and yet so relaxed. I told me girlfriend and she said she was scared for me, I reassured her I knew what I was doing. But about 25 minutes into band Iím in percussion, and I didnít do a thing there so I was just standing there chillin with a friend and I told him I wasnít feeling too swell..
I started to feel really nauseous really fast right then, so I threw up right next to my friend, well band was really loud so no one noticed, so I ran to the bathroom and got some paper towels to clean it up.  It was all cool though..that was 4 months ago, now I am an addict who has been kicked out of school (got caught with cocaine and O.C.)..I am now on probation for 6 months and if I stay out of trouble the charges get dropped and everything is forgotten.
O.C. has ruined my life, as I sit here listening to Marilyn Manson I now realize it ruined the relationship with my girl, my family and friends and my entire life, Iím going back to school next year as a changed person, not going to hangout with the druggies at all.
Stopping has been the hardest thing in my life. I used to steal them from my mom like it was nothing. I was abused up to 60 milligrams of O.C. everyday throughout school for several months. I was a district cross country champ and my health had gone down the drain.
I have now started to run and workout, but I have the withdrawals so bad, it seems like all I think about is the girl that I used to have, now I donít think she will ever be with me again.
And since being kicked out of school I havenít had a cigarette, smoked a joint, or even had a drink of any alcohol, or snorted a damn thing.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Public Methods | |
| void | write (RefXML $xml) |
| Reflector writes itself to the XML. More... | |
| void write | ( | RefXML | $xml | ) |
Reflector writes itself to the XML.
| RefXML | $xml |
Implemented in MagicType, RefMethod, RefProperty, RefParam, RefConstant, RefClass, RefInterface, and RefTrait.


9. Inference in First-Order Logic
Prove that Universal Instantiation is sound and that Existential Instantiation produces an inferentially equivalent knowledge base.
From ${Likes}({Jerry},{IceCream})$ it seems reasonable to infer ${\exists\,x\;\;} {Likes}(x,{IceCream})$. Write down a general inference rule, , that sanctions this inference. State carefully the conditions that must be satisfied by the variables and terms involved.
Suppose a knowledge base contains just one sentence, $\exists\,x\ {AsHighAs}(x,{Everest})$. Which of the following are legitimate results of applying Existential Instantiation?
-
${AsHighAs}({Everest},{Everest})$.
-
${AsHighAs}({Kilimanjaro},{Everest})$.
-
${AsHighAs}({Kilimanjaro},{Everest}) \land {AsHighAs}({BenNevis},{Everest})$\ (after two applications).
For each pair of atomic sentences, give the most general unifier if it exists:
-
$P(A,B,B)$, $P(x,y,z)$.
-
$Q(y,G(A,B))$, $Q(G(x,x),y)$.
-
${Older}({Father}(y),y)$, ${Older}({Father}(x),{John})$.
-
${Knows}({Father}(y),y)$, ${Knows}(x,x)$.
For each pair of atomic sentences, give the most general unifier if it exists:
-
$P(A,A,B)$, $P(x,y,z)$.
-
$Q(y,G(A,B))$, $Q(G(x,x),y)$.
-
${Older}({Father}(y),y)$, ${Older}({Father}(x),{Jerry})$.
-
${Knows}({Father}(y),y)$, ${Knows}(x,x)$.
Exercise 9.6 [subsumption-lattice-exercise]
Consider the subsumption lattices shown in Figure subsumption-lattice-figure (page subsumption-lattice-figure).
-
Construct the lattice for the sentence ${Employs}({Mother}({John}),{Father}({Richard}))$.
-
Construct the lattice for the sentence ${Employs}({IBM},y)$ (“Everyone works for IBM”). Remember to include every kind of query that unifies with the sentence.
-
Assume that indexes each sentence under every node in its subsumption lattice. Explain how should work when some of these sentences contain variables; use as examples the sentences in (a) and (b) and the query ${Employs}(x,{Father}(x))$.
Exercise 9.7 [fol-horses-exercise]
Write down logical representations for the following sentences, suitable for use with Generalized Modus Ponens:
-
Horses, cows, and pigs are mammals.
-
An offspring of a horse is a horse.
-
Bluebeard is a horse.
-
Bluebeard is Charlie’s parent.
-
Offspring and parent are inverse relations.
-
Every mammal has a parent.
These questions concern concern issues with substitution and Skolemization.
-
Given the premise ${\forall\,x\;\;} {\exists\,y\;\;} P(x,y)$, it is not valid to conclude that ${\exists\,q\;\;} P(q,q)$. Give an example of a predicate $P$ where the first is true but the second is false.
-
Suppose that an inference engine is incorrectly written with the occurs check omitted, so that it allows a literal like $P(x,F(x))$ to be unified with $P(q,q)$. (As mentioned, most standard implementations of Prolog actually do allow this.) Show that such an inference engine will allow the conclusion ${\exists\,y\;\;} P(q,q)$ to be inferred from the premise ${\forall\,x\;\;} {\exists\,y\;\;} P(x,y)$.
-
Suppose that a procedure that converts first-order logic to clausal form incorrectly Skolemizes ${\forall\,x\;\;} {\exists\,y\;\;} P(x,y)$ to $P(x,Sk0)$—that is, it replaces $y$ by a Skolem constant rather than by a Skolem function of $x$. Show that an inference engine that uses such a procedure will likewise allow ${\exists\,q\;\;} P(q,q)$ to be inferred from the premise ${\forall\,x\;\;} {\exists\,y\;\;} P(x,y)$.
-
A common error among students is to suppose that, in unification, one is allowed to substitute a term for a Skolem constant instead of for a variable. For instance, they will say that the formulas $P(Sk1)$ and $P(A)$ can be unified under the substitution ${ Sk1/A }$. Give an example where this leads to an invalid inference.
This question considers Horn KBs, such as the following: Let FC be a breadth-first forward-chaining algorithm that repeatedly adds all consequences of currently satisfied rules; let BC be a depth-first left-to-right backward-chaining algorithm that tries clauses in the order given in the KB. Which of the following are true?
-
FC will infer the literal $Q(A)$.
-
FC will infer the literal $P(B)$.
-
If FC has failed to infer a given literal, then it is not entailed by the KB.
-
BC will return ${true}$ given the query $P(B)$.
-
If BC does not return ${true}$ given a query literal, then it is not entailed by the KB.
Exercise 9.10 [csp-clause-exercise]
Explain how to write any given 3-SAT problem of arbitrary size using a single first-order definite clause and no more than 30 ground facts.
Suppose you are given the following axioms:
- $0 \leq 3$.
- $7 \leq 9$.
- ${\forall\,x\;\;} \; \; x \leq x$.
- ${\forall\,x\;\;} \; \; x \leq x+0$.
- ${\forall\,x\;\;} \; \; x+0 \leq x$.
- ${\forall\,x,y\;\;} \; \; x+y \leq y+x$.
- ${\forall\,w,x,y,z\;\;} \; \; w \leq y$ $\wedge$ $x \leq z$ ${:\;{\Rightarrow}:\;}$ $w+x \leq y+z$.
- ${\forall\,x,y,z\;\;} \; \; x \leq y \wedge y \leq z : {:\;{\Rightarrow}:\;}: x \leq z$
-
Give a backward-chaining proof of the sentence $7 \leq 3+9$. (Be sure, of course, to use only the axioms given here, not anything else you may know about arithmetic.) Show only the steps that leads to success, not the irrelevant steps.
-
Give a forward-chaining proof of the sentence $7 \leq 3+9$. Again, show only the steps that lead to success.
Suppose you are given the following axioms:
- $0 \leq 4$.
- $5 \leq 9$.
- ${\forall\,x\;\;} \; \; x \leq x$.
- ${\forall\,x\;\;} \; \; x \leq x+0$.
- ${\forall\,x\;\;} \; \; x+0 \leq x$.
- ${\forall\,x,y\;\;} \; \; x+y \leq y+x$.
- ${\forall\,w,x,y,z\;\;} \; \; w \leq y$ $\wedge$ $x \leq z {:\;{\Rightarrow}:\;}$ $w+x \leq y+z$.
- ${\forall\,x,y,z\;\;} \; \; x \leq y \wedge y \leq z : {:\;{\Rightarrow}:\;}: x \leq z$
-
Give a backward-chaining proof of the sentence $5 \leq 4+9$. (Be sure, of course, to use only the axioms given here, not anything else you may know about arithmetic.) Show only the steps that leads to success, not the irrelevant steps.
-
Give a forward-chaining proof of the sentence $5 \leq 4+9$. Again, show only the steps that lead to success.
A popular children’s riddle is “Brothers and sisters have I none, but that man’s father is my father’s son.” Use the rules of the family domain (Section kinship-domain-section on page kinship-domain-section) to show who that man is. You may apply any of the inference methods described in this chapter. Why do you think that this riddle is difficult?
Suppose we put into a logical knowledge base a segment of the U.S. census data listing the age, city of residence, date of birth, and mother of every person, using social security numbers as identifying constants for each person. Thus, George’s age is given by ${Age}(\mbox443-{65}-{1282}}, {56})$. Which of the following indexing schemes S1–S5 enable an efficient solution for which of the queries Q1–Q4 (assuming normal backward chaining)?
- S1: an index for each atom in each position.
- S2: an index for each first argument.
- S3: an index for each predicate atom.
- S4: an index for each combination of predicate and first argument.
- S5: an index for each combination of predicate and second argument and an index for each first argument.
- Q1: ${Age}(\mbox 443-44-4321,x)$
- Q2: ${ResidesIn}(x,{Houston})$
- Q3: ${Mother}(x,y)$
- Q4: ${Age}(x,{34}) \land {ResidesIn}(x,{TinyTownUSA})$
Exercise 9.15 [standardize-failure-exercise]
One might suppose that we can avoid the problem of variable conflict in unification during backward chaining by standardizing apart all of the sentences in the knowledge base once and for all. Show that, for some sentences, this approach cannot work. (Hint: Consider a sentence in which one part unifies with another.)
In this exercise, use the sentences you wrote in Exercise fol-horses-exercise to answer a question by using a backward-chaining algorithm.
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Draw the proof tree generated by an exhaustive backward-chaining algorithm for the query ${\exists\,h\;\;}{Horse}(h)$, where clauses are matched in the order given.
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What do you notice about this domain?
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How many solutions for $h$ actually follow from your sentences?
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Can you think of a way to find all of them? (Hint: See @Smith+al:1986.)
Exercise 9.17 [bc-trace-exercise]
Trace the execution of the backward-chaining algorithm in Figure backward-chaining-algorithm (page backward-chaining-algorithm) when it is applied to solve the crime problem (page west-problem-page). Show the sequence of values taken on by the ${goals}$ variable, and arrange them into a tree.
The following Prolog code defines a predicate P. (Remember that uppercase terms are variables, not constants, in Prolog.)
P(X,[X|Y]).
P(X,[Y|Z]) :- P(X,Z).
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Show proof trees and solutions for the queries P(A,[2,1,3]) and P(2,[1,A,3]).
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What standard list operation does P represent?
The following Prolog code defines a predicate P. (Remember that uppercase terms are variables, not constants, in Prolog.)
P(X,[X|Y]).
P(X,[Y|Z]) :- P(X,Z).
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Show proof trees and solutions for the queries P(A,[1,2,3]) and P(2,[1,A,3]).
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What standard list operation does P represent?
This exercise looks at sorting in Prolog.
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Write Prolog clauses that define the predicate sorted(L), which is true if and only if list L is sorted in ascending order.
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Write a Prolog definition for the predicate perm(L,M), which is true if and only if L is a permutation of M.
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Define sort(L,M) (M is a sorted version of L) using perm and sorted.
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Run sort on longer and longer lists until you lose patience. What is the time complexity of your program?
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Write a faster sorting algorithm, such as insertion sort or quicksort, in Prolog.
Exercise 9.21 [diff-simplify-exercise]
This exercise looks at the recursive application of rewrite rules, using logic programming. A rewrite rule (or demodulator in terminology) is an equation with a specified direction. For example, the rewrite rule $x+0 \rightarrow x$ suggests replacing any expression that matches $x+0$ with the expression $x$. Rewrite rules are a key component of equational reasoning systems. Use the predicate rewrite(X,Y) to represent rewrite rules. For example, the earlier rewrite rule is written as rewrite(X+0,X). Some terms are primitive and cannot be further simplified; thus, we write primitive(0) to say that 0 is a primitive term.
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Write a definition of a predicate simplify(X,Y), that is true when Y is a simplified version of X—that is, when no further rewrite rules apply to any subexpression of Y.
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Write a collection of rules for the simplification of expressions involving arithmetic operators, and apply your simplification algorithm to some sample expressions.
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Write a collection of rewrite rules for symbolic differentiation, and use them along with your simplification rules to differentiate and simplify expressions involving arithmetic expressions, including exponentiation.
This exercise considers the implementation of search algorithms in Prolog. Suppose that successor(X,Y) is true when state Y is a successor of state X; and that goal(X) is true when X is a goal state. Write a definition for solve(X,P), which means that P is a path (list of states) beginning with X, ending in a goal state, and consisting of a sequence of legal steps as defined by successor. You will find that depth-first search is the easiest way to do this. How easy would it be to add heuristic search control?
Suppose a knowledge base contains just the following first-order Horn clauses:
Consider a forward chaining algorithm that, on the $j$th iteration, terminates if the KB contains a sentence that unifies with the query, else adds to the KB every atomic sentence that can be inferred from the sentences already in the KB after iteration $j-1$.
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For each of the following queries, say whether the algorithm will (1) give an answer (if so, write down that answer); or (2) terminate with no answer; or (3) never terminate.
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$Ancestor(Mother(y),John)$
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$Ancestor(Mother(Mother(y)),John)$
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$Ancestor(Mother(Mother(Mother(y))),Mother(y))$
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$Ancestor(Mother(John),Mother(Mother(John)))$
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Can a resolution algorithm prove the sentence $\lnot Ancestor(John,John)$ from the original knowledge base? Explain how, or why not.
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Suppose we add the assertion that $\lnot(Mother(x)x)$ and augment the resolution algorithm with inference rules for equality. Now what is the answer to (b)?
Let $\cal L$ be the first-order language with a single predicate $S(p,q)$, meaning “$p$ shaves $q$.” Assume a domain of people.
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Consider the sentence “There exists a person $P$ who shaves every one who does not shave themselves, and only people that do not shave themselves.” Express this in $\cal L$.
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Convert the sentence in (a) to clausal form.
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Construct a resolution proof to show that the clauses in (b) are inherently inconsistent. (Note: you do not need any additional axioms.)
How can resolution be used to show that a sentence is valid? Unsatisfiable?
Construct an example of two clauses that can be resolved together in two different ways giving two different outcomes.
From “Horses are animals,” it follows that “The head of a horse is the head of an animal.” Demonstrate that this inference is valid by carrying out the following steps:
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Translate the premise and the conclusion into the language of first-order logic. Use three predicates: ${HeadOf}(h,x)$ (meaning “$h$ is the head of $x$”), ${Horse}(x)$, and ${Animal}(x)$.
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Negate the conclusion, and convert the premise and the negated conclusion into conjunctive normal form.
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Use resolution to show that the conclusion follows from the premise.
From “Sheep are animals,” it follows that “The head of a sheep is the head of an animal.” Demonstrate that this inference is valid by carrying out the following steps:
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Translate the premise and the conclusion into the language of first-order logic. Use three predicates: ${HeadOf}(h,x)$ (meaning “$h$ is the head of $x$”), ${Sheep}(x)$, and ${Animal}(x)$.
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Negate the conclusion, and convert the premise and the negated conclusion into conjunctive normal form.
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Use resolution to show that the conclusion follows from the premise.
Exercise 9.29 [quantifier-order-exercise]
Here are two sentences in the language of first-order logic:
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(A) ${\forall\,x\;\;} {\exists\,y\;\;} ( x \geq y )$
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(B) ${\exists\,y\;\;} {\forall\,x\;\;} ( x \geq y )$
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Assume that the variables range over all the natural numbers $0,1,2,\ldots, \infty$ and that the “$\geq$” predicate means “is greater than or equal to.” Under this interpretation, translate (A) and (B) into English.
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Is (A) true under this interpretation?
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Is (B) true under this interpretation?
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Does (A) logically entail (B)?
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Does (B) logically entail (A)?
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Using resolution, try to prove that (A) follows from (B). Do this even if you think that (B) does not logically entail (A); continue until the proof breaks down and you cannot proceed (if it does break down). Show the unifying substitution for each resolution step. If the proof fails, explain exactly where, how, and why it breaks down.
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Now try to prove that (B) follows from (A).
Resolution can produce nonconstructive proofs for queries with variables, so we had to introduce special mechanisms to extract definite answers. Explain why this issue does not arise with knowledge bases containing only definite clauses.
We said in this chapter that resolution cannot be used to generate all logical consequences of a set of sentences. Can any algorithm do this?


Press release
Ofsted has held a series of events across each of the 16 local authority areas in the South West to highlight the importance of middle leaders in improving education standards in the region.
Today (Friday 17 July) marks the closing event held at St. James School in Exeter.
Middle leaders play an influential role in school improvement. They are leaders of subjects, years, or key stages and are responsible for developing teaching and learning and for holding individual teachers to account for the achievement of the children they teach.
The overarching purpose of these events was to improve the quality of middle leadership in the South West in order to improve the quality of teaching and through that educational outcomes for children. The seminars focused on practical aspects of leadership and school improvement, shared good practice and challenged middle leaders to play their part in improving outcomes for children and young people across the South West.
Ofsted’s priorities in the South West are to improve educational outcomes for children who are in local authority care, those eligible for free school meals and the brightest children. Inspection evidence shows that these groups of children do best in schools where they are known by middle leaders.
Speaking at St. James School in Exeter, South West Director, Bradley Simmons said:
High quality middle leadership is about more than managing a subject or an aspect of a school life. These leaders play a critical role and have the power to transform a school, especially in improving the life chances for disadvantaged children and stretching the most able students to achieve their potential.
The middle leadership events underline Ofsted’s determination to challenge and support schools to do better. Her Majesty’s Inspectors have been working with schools, academies and local authorities across each area in the region to ensure middle leaders are equipped to support headteachers in bringing about high quality teaching and outstanding behaviour. Having high-calibre middle leaders is particularly important because ultimately senior leaders and headteachers of tomorrow are the middle leaders of today.


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We are commited to leverage the best solutions that fit your needs.
We are a dedicated team to produce high quality riding tools.
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Hi there, just wanted to let you know....
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{% extends "base.html" %} {% block body %}
This page serves as a general outline of information if you want to modify, extend, or leverage some of the more dynamic features of Apfell
Some commands are treated a little differently than others so that it's easier to hook into some of the functionality of Apfell. If you want to write commands that leverage this, simply structure your messages the same way.
Transforms are arbitrary python functions that are used for two main purposes: perform actions against a new payload after all the pieces have been stamped together or perform actions against a set of command modules prior to them being loaded by an agent.
It's allowed and recommended that users create their own c2 profiles for whatever they want. The user interface allows for many ways to register them, give them parameters, and upload the code to run your custom server as well as supply the c2 code that will be stamped into a payload that is registered with that c2 profile. Let's walk through some examples:


Attached below are the PDF files for Unit 3 - Read and Think 2 of New Horizon 2nd grade textbook which I have created.
Please use the contents list on the right side of the page to jump to specific activities.
Bingo03日06月2021年 This is a warmup activity which uses the important new vocab from from the current unit. It is best to give students the bingo sheet the lesson before so that they have time to fill it out for the start of the next lesson.
Wordsearch03日06月2021年 This wordsearch uses some of the important new vocab from the current unit. This activity can be used either as a warmup or to fill in time at the end of the lesson.
Activity 103日06月2021年 This is an interview activity for students to practice with.Instructions:
If the PDF below does not display properly, please click here to directly download.


Today I came across an article, from which I knew that Steemit is two years old. I am so happy that I want to write something to celebrate her birthday, and I am so busy in racking my brains.
I searched the Internet for relevant information: the Steemit white paper was first released in March 2016, and on July 4, 2016, Steemit was officially released. From this point of view, it is the right time to write this article.
The support and encouragement given by the predecessors and my friends on Steemit are hidden in the bottom of my heart, which I will remember forever. Here I would just show what I have seen and heard on Steemit in the last 8 months, which I would like to share with you.
First, My Harvest
It has been 8 months since I joined Steemit on July 30, 2017, which is a great success to me.
1.Having exercised my ability of writing
I often feel sentimental, but sometimes I don’t bother to write. Since I joined Steemit, I have been serious—a post a day, even two posts a day, totalling more than 400 posts so far. At the same time I also publish my posts in “Baidu library”. Till now there are 450 articles on the Open Document, and the Value of Wealth has increased to more than 10000. My writing capability is also advanced, and even sometimes I finish writing one post immediately.
I also have the desire to read, because I worry that the brain will be stretched, and I would like to continue to prepare spiritual food for my brain.
2.Having improved my English translation ability
I become crazy for the original English articles, and I have realized that it is not a small challenge for me to translate these Chinese articles with strong cultural background into anthentic English though I have joined the Monthly Review Translation Program sponsored by @rivalhw. I searched out The English World magazines which I bought twenty to thirty years ago, ready to re- read, and seriously began to read Zhang Peiji’s Selected Modern Chinese Essays (1-4 volume). From the Amazon I bought tow books on poetry translation, including “An Exploration into Poetry Translation”, and started to study the translation of poetry.
In a word, thanks to Steemit, I have been in the ocean of English knowledge.
3.A good harvest
Before I joined Steemit, I had not met such a good thing. I could also have a good income for writing, and can be recognized by others. I am lucky to sell some SBD and steem in the martket upswing. But I know it’s just a motive, not a purpose. The gains and losses, honour and disgrace are only floating smoke and passing clouds. Only continuous improvement is the long-term policy.
4.Having broadened the field of vision
If you lie on the bottom of the well, you will never see the world above. With the accumulation of knowledge, when you rise to the ground, you will know that the world is so large that a person is so small. At the same time, I have also found that Steemit is a place where people of unusual ability are to be found, and that there are many big fishes or whales that have never shown their truth, which makes me feel the vastness and depth of the world, and encourages me to continue to learn and explore the mysteries of the world.
Choosing Steemit is a good thing. You may write wherever you have time, and you may have a good income. What a good thing! In spite of the recent decline in bitcoin, we firmly believe that this splendour we’ve had will come back.
Steemit is still young, and there is a long way for her to go. What we could do is offer our support and love.
Second, My suggestion
The first tag can not be modified. For two times I have accidentally typed the wrong word, but failing to correct. Why can’t the first tag be modified?
Once the resteemed article is forwarded, it can not be revoked. It’s easy to forward the article, but it can’t cancel the forwarding. Why?
After 7 days, the vote could not be made, which may be a professional and technical problem, to which I do not know whether there is a solution.
The system mechanism should be improved so that relation tickets and canvassing may be eliminated and the quality posts will get the due benefit.
It is suggested that the system should be improved in order to attract more people to join Steemit.
Steemit is only two years old. Like a lovely child, she is joyfully running to you and me, and what we can do is to greet her, hug her, and then take her hand to walk towards the future.
This page is synchronized from the post: Words on the 2nd Anniversary of Steemit