Plan for the Talent course
Outline of the project(s)
Some basic ingredients for a successful numerical project
The pairing model as warm-up problem
Exercise 1: Pairing Hamiltonian
Project 2: Coupled cluster calculations with doubles excitations only for the pairing model
Project 3: Green's function calculations with a second order self-energy for the pairing model
Project 4: Coupled cluster calculations with doubles excitations only for infinite nuclear matter
Project 5: Green's function calculations for finite nuclei and infinite nuclear matter
Project 6: Brueckner-Hartree-Fock calculations for infinite nuclear and neutron matter
Together with the regular lectures in the morning, the hope is that during these three weeks you will be able to write and run a program which implements at least one of the methods discussed during the lectures. The lectures will also cover additional material which aims at giving you a broader view on what can be achieved with the methods to be discussed. Combined with the 'hands-on' afternoon sessions, the hope is that the lectures and the computational projects will together allow you to achieve these goals. For those of you who would like to get credits to be transferred to your home university, the project(s) can be extended upon allowing you to include further elements to the many-body methods. The load of the final project is estimated to be 80 hours. In total, attendence at the course and doing the final project amounts to seven ECTS. There is no credit transfer for Northern-American students.
What is outlined here are several paths that will allow you to develop a program which can be used to study nuclear systems. In particular, we will focus on two widely used many-body methods, coupled cluster theory with its various approximations and Green's function theory.
Before we begin, we would however like to present a warm-up problem which contains many of the basic elements of the many-body methods exposed in this course. Furthermore, the simple pairing model described below, provides us with benchmark results to which we can compare the different many-body methods. The basic elements of the model (single-particle basis and Hamiltonian) can easily be (if structured properly in your program) extended to studies of more realistic systems, either finite systems like nuclei or infinite nuclear matter.
The first part of the project is a traditional paper and pencil part, where the aim is to apply second quantization in order to set up the Hamiltonian matrix to be diagonalized. We will study this model the first two afternoons of the school.
At most, with four particles in four doubly degenerate single particle states and no broken pairs, you will have a \( 6 \times 6 \) Hamiltonian matrix to diagonalize. Below, you will find a simple python program which performs the diagonalization and plots the eigenvalues. Parts of this warm-up exercise are solved below. These aspects will be discussed partly during the lectures but also during some of the afternoon sessions. Practical guidelines for code writing will also be discussed.
This exercise will allow us to start writing our first skeleton for a coupled cluster theory program at the so-called doubles level of truncation. It will also, for those of you who will prefer to study Green's functions, serve as a starting point for developing the skeleton of a program for this method. The aim is to finish this part of the program during the first week.
With a program which then benchmarks the simple pairing model, we will turn our attention to more realistic systems. Here we propose the following paths that can be studied with either coupled cluster theory or Green's function theory. Many of the technicalities will be discussed at the lectures and the afternoon sessions during the last two weeks.
When working on the projects, we recommend strongly that you form teams of two to three participants. Every team must have a github account where we can monitor your progress and give you appropriate feedback.
If you have not used version control before now, it is time to do so. Proper version control is central to a good ethical scientific conduct. We do require that you use some kind of version control software when working on the projects. We recommend strongly github. All lectures and additional material is available at the github address of the course
Furthermore, before coming to the course, we recommend that you refresh your knowledge on second quantization. If your background in second quantization is rudimentary and mentioning of Wick's leave you gazing at the stars, we recommend that you study the material at the course web site on second quantization. Try in particular to do some of the exercises.
We will also ask you to come with your own laptop and have installed either a
You can use Python as programming language as well, but normally the efficiency of Python for the problems addressed in this course is lower than for codes written in Fortran or c++. We recommend however that use Python as a scripting language for running codes and making plots, as well as using the ipython notebooks provided by us.
When building up a numerical project there are several elements you should think of, amongst these we take the liberty of mentioning the following:
We present a simplified Hamiltonian consisting of an unperturbed Hamiltonian and a so-called pairing interaction term. It is a model which to a large extent mimicks some central features of atomic nuclei, certain atoms and systems which exhibit superfluiditity or superconductivity. To study this system, we will use a mix of many-body perturbation theory (MBPT), Hartree-Fock (HF) theory and full configuration interaction (FCI) theory. The latter will also provide us with the exact answer. When setting up the Hamiltonian matrix you will need to solve an eigenvalue problem.
We define first the Hamiltonian, with a definition of the model space and the single-particle basis. Thereafter, we present the various exercises (some of them are solved).
The Hamiltonian acting in the complete Hilbert space (usually infinite dimensional) consists of an unperturbed one-body part, \( \hat{H}_0 \), and a perturbation \( \hat{V} \).
We limit ourselves to at most two-body interactions and our Hamiltonian is represented by the following operators $$ \hat{H} = \sum_{\alpha\beta}\langle \alpha |h_0|\beta\rangle a_{\alpha}^{\dagger}a_{\beta}+\frac{1}{4}\sum_{\alpha\beta\gamma\delta}\langle \alpha\beta| V|\gamma\delta\rangle a_{\alpha}^{\dagger}a_{\beta}^{\dagger}a_{\delta}a_{\gamma}, $$ where \( a_{\alpha}^{\dagger} \) and \( a_{\alpha} \) etc. are standard fermion creation and annihilation operators, respectively, and \( \alpha\beta\gamma\delta \) represent all possible single-particle quantum numbers. The full single-particle space is defined by the completeness relation $$ \hat{{\bf 1}} = \sum_{\alpha=1}^{\infty}|\alpha \rangle \langle \alpha|. $$ In our calculations we will let the single-particle states \( |\alpha\rangle \) be eigenfunctions of the one-particle operator \( \hat{h}_0 \). Note that the two-body part of the Hamiltonian contains anti-symmetrized matrix elements.
The above Hamiltonian acts in turn on various many-body Slater determinants constructed from the single-basis defined by the one-body operator \( \hat{h}_0 \). As an example, the two-particle model space \( \mathcal{P} \) is defined by an operator $$ \hat{P} = \sum_{\alpha\beta =1}^{m}|\alpha\beta \rangle \langle \alpha\beta|, $$ where we assume that \( m=\dim(\mathcal{P}) \) and the full space is defined by $$ \hat{P}+\hat{Q}=\hat{{\bf 1}}, $$ with the projection operator $$ \hat{Q} = \sum_{\alpha\beta =m+1}^{\infty}|\alpha\beta \rangle \langle \alpha\beta|, $$ being the complement of \( \hat{P} \).
Our specific model consists of \( N \) doubly-degenerate and equally spaced single-particle levels labelled by \( p=1,2,\dots \) and spin \( \sigma=\pm 1 \). These states are schematically portrayed in Fig. 1. The first two single-particle levels define a possible model space, indicated by the label \( \mathcal{P} \). The remaining states span the excluded space \( \mathcal{Q} \).
We write the Hamiltonian as $$ \hat{H} = \hat{H}_0 + \hat{V} , $$ where $$ \hat{H}_0=\xi\sum_{p\sigma}(p-1)a_{p\sigma}^{\dagger}a_{p\sigma} $$ and $$ \hat{V}=-\frac{1}{2}g\sum_{pq}a^{\dagger}_{p+} a^{\dagger}_{p-}a_{q-}a_{q+}. $$ Here, \( H_0 \) is the unperturbed Hamiltonian with a spacing between successive single-particle states given by \( \xi \), which we will set to a constant value \( \xi=1 \) without loss of generality. The two-body operator \( \hat{V} \) has one term only. It represents the pairing contribution and carries a constant strength \( g \).
The indices \( \sigma=\pm \) represent the two possible spin values. The interaction can only couple pairs and excites therefore only two particles at the time, as indicated by the rightmost four-particle state in Fig. 1. There one of the pairs is excited to the state with \( p=9 \) and the other to the state \( p=7 \). The two middle possibilities are not possible with the present model. We label single-particle states within the model space as hole-states. The single-particle states outside the model space are then particle states.
In our model we have kept both the interaction strength and the single-particle level as constants. In a realistic system like an atom or the atomic nucleus this is not the case.
a) Show that the unperturbed Hamiltonian \( \hat{H}_0 \) and \( \hat{V} \) commute with both the spin projection \( \hat{S}_z \) and the total spin \( \hat{S}^2 \), given by $$ \hat{S}_z := \frac{1}{2}\sum_{p\sigma} \sigma a^{\dagger}_{p\sigma}a_{p\sigma} $$ and $$ \hat{S}^2 := \hat{S}_z^2 + \frac{1}{2}(\hat{S}_+\hat{S}_- + \hat{S}_-\hat{S}_+), $$ where $$ \hat{S}_\pm := \sum_{p} a^{\dagger}_{p\pm} a_{p\mp}. $$ This is an important feature of our system that allows us to block-diagonalize the full Hamiltonian. We will focus on total spin \( S=0 \). In this case, it is convenient to define the so-called pair creation and pair annihilation operators $$ \hat{P}^{+}_p = a^{\dagger}_{p+}a^{\dagger}_{p-}, $$ and $$ \hat{P}^{-}_p = a_{p-}a_{p+}, $$ respectively.
Show that you can rewrite the Hamiltonian (with \( \xi=1 \)) as $$ \hat{H}=\sum_{p\sigma}(p-1)a_{p\sigma}^{\dagger}a_{p\sigma} -\frac{1}{2}g\sum_{pq}\hat{P}^{+}_p\hat{P}^{-}_q. $$ Show also that Hamiltonian commutes with the product of the pair creation and annihilation operators. This model corresponds to a system with no broken pairs. This means that the Hamiltonian can only link two-particle states in so-called spin-reversed states.
b) Construct thereafter the Hamiltonian matrix for a system with no broken pairs and total spin \( S=0 \) for the case of the four lowest single-particle levels indicated in the Fig. 1. Our system consists of four particles only. Our single-particle space consists of only the four lowest levels \( p=1,2,3,4 \). You need to set up all possible Slater determinants. Find all eigenvalues by diagonalizing the Hamiltonian matrix. Vary your results for values of \( g\in [-1,1] \). We refer to this as the exact calculation. Comment the behavior of the ground state as function of \( g \).
We give first the final Hamiltonian matrix $$ H = \left ( \begin{array}{cccccc} 2\delta -g & -g/2 & -g/2 & -g/2 & -g/2 & 0 \\ -g/2 & 4\delta -g & -g/2 & -g/2 & -0 & -g/2 \\ -g/2 & -g/2 & 6\delta -g & 0 & -g/2 & -g/2 \\ -g/2 & -g/2 & 0 & 6\delta-g & -g/2 & -g/2 \\ -g/2 & 0 & -g/2 & -g/2 & 8\delta-g & -g/2 \\ 0 & -g/2 & -g/2 & -g/2 & -g/2 & 10\delta -g \end{array} \right ) $$ The following python program diagonalizes the above Hamiltonian matrix for a given span of interaction strength values, performing both a full configuration interaction calculation and a truncated one. For the truncated case we leave out the \( 4p4h \) state. This means that in addition to the ground state we include the four possible \( 2p2h \) states. Such a calculation is normally called a configuration interaction calculation.
The eigenvalues and eigenvectors result from the diagonalization of the above Hamiltonian matrix. In the discussions below and in connection with the first stage of the numerical project, we will use these results to benchmark various approximative methods. The lowest eigenvalue corresponds to the ground state energy and we will refer to it as the exact energy when no truncations in the space of possible Slater determinants are made..
From our results, we note some important differences between the full configuration interaction (FCI) calculation and the truncated configuration interaction calculation (CI). Full configuration interaction is an exact method, but is only possible if and only if we have a complete and finite SD basis for our system. In practice, we usually don't have this. Non-complete CI however, is always possible, but yiels approximative results only. The method is however still variational however, meaning that we guaranteed that the approximation will be equal or bigger to the true result. Perturbation theory however, is non-variational and there is no guarantee that including higher orders in the perturbation gives an improved result, as we will see below.
In an FCI case, we are including all possible exictations to infinite order, meaning we have all possible \( 1p1h \) , \( 2p2h \) etc configurations, up to \( 4p4h \) excitations for our selected model. Due to the nature of the pairing interaction and our selection of specific quantum numbers for the many-body states, we do not have any \( 1p1h \) or \( 3p3h \) excitations. In the above CI case, we truncate those excitations somewhere. If we were to draw the diagrams of the interactions that contribute to this CI case, there would be an infinite number of them, as we can have arbitrarily long chains of operators that still only have at most 2p2h intermediate states.
c) We switch now to approximative methods, in our case Hartree-Fock theory and many-body perturbation theory. Hereafter we will define our model space to consist of the single-particle levels \( p=1,2 \). The remaining levels \( p=3,4 \) define our excluded space. This means that our ground state Slater determinant consists of four particles which can be placed in the doubly degenerate orbits \( p=1 \) and \( p=2 \). Our first step is to perform a Hartree-Fock calculation with the pairing Hamiltonian. Write first the normal-ordered Hamiltonian with respect to the above reference state given by four spin \( 1/2 \) fermions in the single-particle levels \( p=1,2 \). Define what is meant by a canonical Hartree-Fock case, a non-canonical case and a general case. For all three cases, write down the normal-ordered Hamiltonian and draw the diagrammatic form of the Hamiltonian for all three cases.
d) We will now set up the Hartree-Fock equations by varying the coefficients of the single-particle functions. The single-particle basis functions are defined as $$ \psi_p = \sum_{\lambda} C_{p\lambda}\psi_{\lambda}. $$ where in our case \( p=1,2,3,4 \) and \( \lambda=1,2,3,4 \), that is the first four lowest single-particle orbits of Fig. 1. Set up the Hartree-Fock equations for this system by varying the coefficients \( C_{p\lambda} \) and solve them for values of \( g\in [-1,1] \). Comment your results and compare with the exact solution. Discuss also which diagrams in Fig. 2 that can be affected by a Hartree-Fock basis. Compute the total binding energy using a Hartree-Fock basis and comment your results.
e) We will now study the system using non-degenerate Rayleigh-Schroedinger perturbation theory to third order in the interaction. If we exclude the first order contribution, all possible diagrams (so-called anti-symmetric Goldstone diagrams) are shown in Fig. 2.
Based on the form of the interaction, which diagrams contribute to the binding energy of the ground state? Write down the expressions for the diagrams that contribute and find the contribution to the ground state energy as function \( g\in [-1,1] \). Comment your results. Compare these results with those you obtained from the exact diagonalization with and without the \( 4p-4h \) state. Discuss your results for a canonical Hartree-Fock basis and a non-canonical Hartree-Fock basis.
f) Diagram 1 in Fig. 2 represents a second-order contribution to the energy and a so-called \( 2p-2h \) contribution to the intermediate states. Write down the expression for the wave operator in this case and compare the possible contributions with the configuration interaction calculations without the \( 4p-4h \) Slater determinant. Comment your results for various values of \( g\in [-1,1] \).
g) We limit now the discussion to the canonical Hartree-Fock case only. To fourth order in perturbation theory we can produce diagrams with \( 1p-1h \) intermediate excitations as shown in Fig. 3, \( 2p-2h \) excitations, see Fig. 4, \( 3p-3h \) excitations as shown in Fig. 5 and finally so-called diagrams with intermediate four-particle-four-hole excitations, see Fig. 6.
Define first linked and unlinked diagrams and explain briefly Goldstone's linked diagram theorem. Based on the linked diagram theorem and the form of the pairing Hamiltonian, which diagrams will contribute to fourth order?
Calculate the energy to fourth order with a canonical Hartree-Fock basis for \( g\in [-1,1] \) and compare with the full diagonalization case in exercise b). Discuss the results.
To fourth order in the interaction there are several diagrams to consider. Fortunately, due to the character of the pairing Hamiltonian, several of these contributions are zero. We limit our discussions also to include the canonical HF-case only. All of the diagrams in the canonical case are shown in figures 3, 4, 5 and 6 above. Using also the linked diagram theorem, where a diagram is called unlinked if and only if it has a disconnected part that is closed, we can eliminate some further diagrams. Goldstones linked-diagram theorem states that all unliked diagrams will cancel against the renormalization terms in Rayleigh-Schroedinger perturbation theory, meaning that we can define the energy to each order as a sum of linked diagrams only. We can then disregard diagram 33 and 41.
Let us now go through all the diagrams and find those that vanish due to having broken pairs, i.e., the diagrams that vanish due to our specific interaction. Take for example diagram 1, which vanishes due to having a term \( \langle ab\vert \hat{v} \vert ci\rangle \). From this argument, we see that all four diagrams from figure 3 vanish. Similar arguments shows that most diagrams in figure 4 also dissapear. Going through all the diagrams, we see that 5, 6, 14 and 15 are the ones that do not vanish in figure 4. For figure 5 we actually see that all diagrams vanish again. For figure 6 we already found that 33 and 41 vanished due to being unlinked—the rest contribute to the perturbative expansion of the energy. The diagrams of figures 3 and 5 vanish since they involve \( 1p1h \) and \( 3p3h \) excitations, respectively.
The expressions for these diagrams can easily be written in terms of a simple Python program. Note however that for every diagram we do actually perform loops over every single-particle state. As we will see later, this is extremely inefficient from a computational point of view. In our discussions of the projects below, we will rewrite the computations of most diagrams in terms of efficient matrix-matrix multiplications or matrix-vector multiplications. The following Python program gives us the final results for perturbation theory to fourth order in the interaction. The resulting figures include also plots of the relative error in the correlation energy. That is, we compare the computed correlation in perturbation theory with the result from the exact diagonalization discussed above.
Running the Python program shows us that the approximation to both second and third order are very good when the interaction strength is small and contained in the interval \( g\in[-0.5,0.5] \), but as the interaction gets stronger the approximation worsens. We also note that the third-order result is actually worse than the second order result for larger values of the interaction strength, indicating that there is no guarantee that higher orders in many-body perturbation theory may reduce the relative error in a systematic way. This is seen in particular for the results to fourth order. For negative interaction strengths fourth order gives a better result than second and third order, while for \( g>0 \) the relative error is worse. We note also the non-variational character of many-body perturbation theory, with results at different undershooting the true ground state correlation energy.
This project serves as a continuation of the pairing model with the aim being to solve the same problem but now by developing a program that implements the coupled cluster method with double excitations only. In doing so you will find it convenient to write classes which define the single-particle basis and the Hamiltonian. Your functions that solve the coupled cluster equations will then just need to set up variables which point to interaction elements and single-particle states with their pertinent quantum numbers. Use for example the setup discussed in the FCI lectures for the pairing model.
a) Explain why no single excitations are involved in this model.
b) Set up the coupled cluster equations for doubles excitations and convince yourself about their meaning and correctness.
c) Write a class which holds single-particle data like specific quantum numbers, single-particle Hamiltonian etc. Write also a class which sets up and stores two-body matrix elements defined by the single-particle states. Write thereafter functions/classes which implement the coupled cluster method with doubles only.
d) Compare your results with those from the exact diagonalization with and without the \( 4p4h \) excitation. Compare also your results to perturbation theory at different orders, in particular to second order. Discuss your results. If other students are solving the same problem using Green's function theory, you can also compare your results with those obtained from Green's function theory. The aim is to finalize this part during the first week. The codes you will develop can be used as a starting point for the second part of the project.
This project serves as a continuation of the pairing model with the aim being to solve the same problem but now by developing a program that implements the self-consistent Green's function method with a second order self energy. This is what is called the ADC(2) approximation scheme. In doing so you will find it convenient to write classes which define the single-particle basis and the Hamiltonian. One more, important, class will be needed to store the one-body propagator. Your functions that solve the ADC(3) will then just need to set up variables which point to interaction elements, single-particle states and Dyson states with their pertinent quantum numbers. Use for example the setup discussed in the FCI lectures for the pairing model.
a) Write the diagrams for the self-energy at first and second order, using the Lehman representation for the latter and HF reference state. Write the first order diagrams also in terms of a fully dressed propagator.
b) Set up the Dyson-ADC(2) equations and convince yourself about their meaning and correctness.
c) Write a class that holds the one-body propagator in Lehman representation. In this, the Dyson orbits (or overlap functions) are expanded in terms of the basis exactly as for the HF equations above. However, you will need to handle a much larger number of orbits and their respective energies. You will also need to store particle and hole orbits separately. Using the results of your HF calculations above, build a simple HF propagator. This will be your reference state.
d) Write a class which holds single-particle data like specific quantum numbers, single-particle Hamiltonian etc. Write also a class which sets up and stores two-body matrix elements defined by the single-particle states.
e) Use the above classes to solve the ADC(2) euqatoions in the following three steps:
This project forms one possible final path for the remaining two weeks. It can also be extended in order to define the final project. You should be able to use the program you developed in connection with the solution of the pairing model.
a) Explain why we don't have single excitations in infinite matter.
b) Set up the relavent quantum numbers for a cartesian basis with plane waves in three dimensions. Make the according changes to the code you developed in connection with the pairing model. Implement periodic boundary conditions.
c) Replace the two-body interaction from the pairing model with the Minnesota potential model discussed during the lectures.
d) Use the program you developed in connection with the pairing model to perform coupled cluster calculations in infinite matter with doubles excitations. Perform coupled cluster calculations for infinite nuclear matter with the Minnesota interaction for different particle numbers (to be inserted later). Limit yourself to two-particle and two-hole intermediate excitations only.
e) Compare the two-particle only excitations with a finite number of particles with results obtained with Brueckner-Hartree-Fock calculations in the thermodynamic limit. Comment your results
f) The final challenge is to include particle-hole excitations and compare the results with those from Diffusion Monte Carlo calculations discussed during the lectures. This part can be included in the final project.
The hard work in learning how to deal with SCGF was done in Project 2. Now, we make it fancy and extend it to some more real systems rather than a simple pairing model. This can be done very similarly either for finite nuclei or for infinite nuclear matter. However, you should choose only one this two paths and focus only on that: it is already a lot of work doing one. We will do this at the ADC(2) level and toward the end of the project we will consider an extended version of it to make useful comparison with the Brueckner-HF and CCD calculations done by others.
Either of the two path of this project forms one possible final path for the remaining two weeks. It can also be extended in order to define the final project. You should be able to use the program you developed in connection with the solution of the pairing model.
a) Explain why we don't have single excitations in infinite matter.
b) Set up the relavent quantum numbers for your problem:
c) Replace the two-body interaction from the pairing model with the Minnesota potential model discussed during the lectures (functions for matrix elements in harmonic oscillator basis will be provided).
d) Use the program you developed in connection with the pairing model to perform SCGF calculations at second order. Perform calculations with the Minnesota interaction as follows:
At this point, limit yourself to the ADC(2) scheme only.
e) Add the two-particle interactions to the 2p1h sector of the Dyson-ADC(2) matrix and suppress the 2h1p sector: this should lead you to an approximation equivalent to the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock scheme. Compare your results obtained with those obetain in CCD with only twp-particle intermediate excitations. If you are doing infinite matter, compare to the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock calculations in the thermodynamic limit (from project 6). Comment your results.
f) The final challenge is to keep both the 2p1h and the 2h1p sectors and fill the ADC(n) matrix with all the two-particle, the two-hole, and the particle-hole interactions. This last change results in the so called 'Extended ADC(2)' approximation scheme. Investigate the effects that pp, hh and ph correlations. This part can be included in the final project. And if you already got all the way to point e), this last part should be a relatively easy improvement to make!
g) Are you felling particularly ambitious? One can further modify the code by adding the missing 3rd order terms to the couplings between the single particle sector and the 2p1h/2h1p sectors. This will give you a full blown ADC(3) calculation. Study the effects of this last change on the energy of the main quasiparticle peaks. chemist need this to obtain correct ionization potentials and affinities.
a) We will use the simple Minnesota model discussed during the lectures. This will allow us to make detailed comparisons with the Coupled cluster and the Green's function calculations. The first part deals with setting up the real and imaginary part of \( T \)-matrix in free space using a partial wave decomposition. You will need to define integration points and weights in momentum space and treat properly the poles which arise. With a working program, compute the relevant phase shifts. Extract also the scattering lengths for \( s \) waves (orbital momentum \( l=0 \)).
For scattering states, the energy is positive, \( E>0 \). The Lippman-Schwinger equation (a rewrite of the Schroedinger equation) is an integral equation where we have to deal with the amplitude \( R(k,k') \) (reaction matrix, which is the real part of the full complex \( T \)-matrix) defined through the integral equation for one partial wave (no coupled-channels) $$ \begin{equation} R_l(k,k') = V_l(k,k') +\frac{2}{\pi}{\cal P} \int_0^{\infty}dqq^2V_l(k,q)\frac{1}{E-q^2/m}R_l(q,k'). \tag{1} \end{equation} $$ For negative energies (bound states) and intermediate states scattering states blocked by occupied states below the Fermi level.
The symbol \( {\cal P} \) indicates that Cauchy's principal-value prescription is used in order to avoid the singularity arising from the zero of the denominator.
The total kinetic energy of the two incoming particles in the center-of-mass system is $$ E=\frac{k_0^2}{m_n}. $$
The matrix \( R_l(k,k') \) relates to the the phase shifts through its diagonal elements as $$ \begin{equation} R_l(k_0,k_0)=-\frac{tan\delta_l}{mk_0}. \tag{2} \end{equation} $$ In order to solve the Lippman-Schwinger equation in momentum space, we need first to write a function which sets up the mesh points. We need to do that since we are going to approximate an integral through $$ \int_a^bf(x)dx\approx\sum_{i=1}^Nw_if(x_i), $$ where we have fixed \( N \) lattice points through the corresponding weights \( w_i \) and points \( x_i \). Typically obtained via methods like Gaussian quadrature.
If you use Gauss-Legendre the points are determined for the interval \( x_i\in [-1,1] \) You map these points over to the limits in your integral. You can then use the following mapping $$ k_i=const\times tan\left\{\frac{\pi}{4}(1+x_i)\right\}, $$ and $$ \omega_i= const\frac{\pi}{4}\frac{w_i}{cos^2\left(\frac{\pi}{4}(1+x_i)\right)}. $$ If you choose units fm$^{-1}$ for \( k \), set \( const=1 \). If you choose to work with MeV, set \( const\sim 200 \) (\( \hbar c=197 \) MeVfm).
The principal value integral is rather tricky to evaluate numerically, mainly since computers have limited precision. We will here use a subtraction trick often used when dealing with singular integrals in numerical calculations. We introduce first the calculus relation $$ \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} \frac{dk}{k-k_0} =0. $$ It means that the curve \( 1/(k-k_0) \) has equal and opposite areas on both sides of the singular point \( k_0 \). If we break the integral into one over positive \( k \) and one over negative \( k \), a change of variable \( k\rightarrow -k \) allows us to rewrite the last equation as $$ \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{dk}{k^2-k_0^2} =0. $$
We can then express a principal values integral as $$ \begin{equation} {\cal P}\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{f(k)dk}{k^2-k_0^2} = \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{(f(k)-f(k_0))dk}{k^2-k_0^2}, \tag{3} \end{equation} $$ where the right-hand side is no longer singular at \( k=k_0 \), it is proportional to the derivative \( df/dk \), and can be evaluated numerically as any other integral.
We can then use this trick to obtain $$ \begin{equation} R(k,k') = V(k,k') +\frac{2}{\pi} \int_0^{\infty}dq \frac{q^2V(k,q)R(q,k')-k_0^2V(k,k_0)R(k_0,k') } {(k_0^2-q^2)/m}. \tag{4} \end{equation} $$ This is the equation to solve numerically in order to calculate the phase shifts. We are interested in obtaining \( R(k_0,k_0) \).
How do we proceed?
Using the mesh points \( k_j \) and the weights \( \omega_j \), we reach $$ R(k,k') = V(k,k') +\frac{2}{\pi} \sum_{j=1}^N\frac{\omega_jk_j^2V(k,k_j)R(k_j,k')} {(k_0^2-k_j^2)/m} -\frac{2}{\pi}k_0^2V(k,k_0)R(k_0,k') \sum_{n=1}^N\frac{\omega_n} {(k_0^2-k_n^2)/m}. $$ This equation contains now the unknowns \( R(k_i,k_j) \) (with dimension \( N\times N \)) and \( R(k_0,k_0) \).
We can turn it into an equation with dimension \( (N+1)\times (N+1) \) with a mesh which contains the original mesh points \( k_j \) for \( j=1,N \) and the point which corresponds to the energy \( k_0 \). Consider the latter as the 'observable' point. The mesh points become then \( k_j \) for \( j=1,n \) and \( k_{N+1}=k_0 \).
With these new mesh points we define the matrix $$ \begin{equation} A_{i,j}=\delta_{i,j}-V(k_i,k_j)u_j, \tag{5} \end{equation} $$ where \( \delta \) is the Kronecker \( \delta \) and $$ u_j=\frac{2}{\pi}\frac{\omega_jk_j^2}{(k_0^2-k_j^2)/m}\hspace{1cm} j=1,N $$ and $$ u_{N+1}=-\frac{2}{\pi}\sum_{j=1}^N\frac{k_0^2\omega_j}{(k_0^2-k_j^2)/m}. $$ The first task is then to set up the matrix \( A \) for a given \( k_0 \). This is an \( (N+1)\times (N+1) \) matrix. It can be convenient to have an outer loop which runs over the chosen observable values for the energy \( k_0^2/m \). Note that all mesh points \( k_j \) for \( j=1,N \) must be different from \( k_0 \). Note also that \( V(k_i,k_j) \) is an \( (N+1)\times (N+1) \) matrix.
With the matrix \( A \) we can rewrite the problem as a matrix problem of dimension \( (N+1)\times (N+1) \). All matrices \( R \), \( A \) and \( V \) have this dimension and we get $$ A_{i,l}R_{l,j}=V_{i,j}, $$ or just $$ AR=V. $$
Since you already have defined \( A \) and \( V \) (these are stored as \( (N+1)\times (N+1) \) matrices) The final equation involves only the unknown \( R \). We obtain it by matrix inversion, i.e., $$ \begin{equation} R=A^{-1}V. \tag{6} \end{equation} $$ Thus, to obtain \( R \), you will need to set up the matrices \( A \) and \( V \) and invert the matrix \( A \). With the inverse \( A^{-1} \), perform a matrix multiplication with \( V \) results in \( R \).
With \( R \) you can then evaluate the phase shifts by noting that $$ R(k_{N+1},k_{N+1})=R(k_0,k_0)=-\frac{tan\delta}{mk_0}, $$ where \( \delta \) are the phase shifts.
b) Our next step consists in modifying the above program in order to include medium effects. Rewrite the \( T \)-matrix program by introducing a so-called angle-average Pauli operator and corresponding energy denominators. This results in the so-called \( G \)-matrix. Allow for the inclusion of single-particle self-energy contributions in the \( G \)-matrix energy denominators. Compute both the real and imaginary parts of the \( G \)-matrix and set up the self-consistency problem and compute the ground state energy per particle in the thermodynamical limit.
Compare your results with those obtained with Coupled Cluster theory and Green's function theory with a cartesian basis
c) In the final part of this project we are going to extend the formalism to finite temperature. Use the normalization condition of the density from the Fermi-Dirac momentum distribution to calculate the chemical potential in the medium. Compute thereafter the equation of state as function of temperature and discuss thermodynamical self-consistency requirements.


Performs wood cell anatomical data analyses on spatially explicit xylem (tracheids) datasets derived from thin sections of woody tissue. The package includes functions for visualisation, detection and alignment of continuous tracheid radial file (defined as rows) and individual tracheid position within an annual ring of coniferous species. This package is designed to be used with elaborate cell output, e.g. as provided with ROXAS (von Arx & Carrer, 2014 <doi:10.1016/j.dendro.2013.12.001>). The package has been validated for Picea abies, Larix Siberica, Pinus cembra and Pinus sylvestris.
| Version: | 1.0.0 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 3.4.2) |
| Imports: | mgcv, stats, utils, graphics, grDevices |
| Suggests: | testthat |
| Published: | 2017-11-26 |
| Author: | Richard L. Peters [aut, cre, cph], Daniel Balanzategui [ctr], Alexander Hurley [ctr], Georg von Arx [ctr], Angela Luisa Prendin [ctr], Henri E. Cuny [ctr], Jesper Bjoerklund [ctr], David C. Frank [ctr], Patrick Fonti [ths, ctr, fnd] |
| Maintainer: | Richard L. Peters <richardlouispeters3 at hotmail.com> |
| License: | GPL-2 | GPL-3 [expanded from: GPL (≥ 2)] |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| CRAN checks: | RAPTOR results |
| Reference manual: | RAPTOR.pdf |
| Package source: | RAPTOR_1.0.0.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: RAPTOR_1.0.0.zip, r-release: RAPTOR_1.0.0.zip, r-oldrel: RAPTOR_1.0.0.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: RAPTOR_1.0.0.tgz, r-oldrel: RAPTOR_1.0.0.tgz |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=RAPTOR to link to this page.


rdfs:comment
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The PRONOM Persistent Unique Identifier (PUID) is an extensible scheme for providing persistent, unique and unambiguous identifiers for records in the PRONOM registry. Such identifiers are fundamental to the exchange and management of digital objects, by allowing human or automated user agents to unambiguously identify, and share that identification of, the representation information required to support access to an object. A PUID is assigned on entry to PRONOM, and every identifier is unique within the namespace, and is persistently and unambiguously bound to a single registry entry. The PUID type element identifies the type of registry entry; for a file format it is fmt or x-fmt; for a character encoding it is chr or x-chr; for a compression encoding it is cmp or x-cmp; for a software package it is sfw or x-sfw. The integer value that follows is the identifier element and denotes an instance of that type within PRONOM.
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About Me
I enjoy working with people on the challenging development of new products or the successful repurposing of mature ones (including myself) for new uses. In my career, I have been a senior-level pharmaceutical research director whose teams have identified three clinical candidates, built an unprecedented 4.5 million compound screening library, and generated over $42 million dollars in revenue. After moving to Kansas City MO several years ago, I founded a company to develop chemical technologies that would let scientists more easily use the enormous marketplace of commercial chemical reagents in their work. Currently, in addition to looking for new career opportunities in the Kansas City or Denver metro regions, I’m formally studying full-stack web-development through the University of Kansas Professional and Continuing Education Program with a goal of creating applications that make scientific information (often found only in the hard-to-read academic formats of the last century) more accessible/understandable to everyone.


On 28 November 2018, 4 new articles were published in 4 journals.
The Relative Influence of Legal Pressure on Outcomes in A Rehabilitation Aftercare Drug Court
‘diagnosing “Extremism”: the Case of “Muscular” Secularism in Singapore’
Knock, Knock–who’s Scared?: the Knockout Game As A Short-Lived Crime Problem


Provides functions for constructing mathematical models of dynamical systems from measured input-output data.
| Version: | 1.0.4 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 3.1) |
| Imports: | signal, tframe, ggplot2 (≥ 2.1.0), reshape2, polynom, bitops, zoo |
| Published: | 2017-01-07 |
| Author: | Suraj Yerramilli, Arun Tangirala |
| Maintainer: | Suraj Yerramilli <surajyerramilli at gmail.com> |
| License: | GPL-3 |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Materials: | README |
| CRAN checks: | sysid results |
| Reference manual: | sysid.pdf |
| Package source: | sysid_1.0.4.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: sysid_1.0.4.zip, r-release: sysid_1.0.4.zip, r-oldrel: sysid_1.0.4.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: sysid_1.0.4.tgz, r-oldrel: sysid_1.0.4.tgz |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=sysid to link to this page.


--- eleventyNavigation: key: Introduction order: 0 layout: front ---
This is a demonstration of a Design System made with Eleventy (11ty) and Sass.


Remote for your netia player
Auto-discovery
if doesn't work then configure on your own:
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{% load static widget_tweaks i18n %}
Quickly add a notification service into your application without headache. PushBack is a self-hosted notification server built to be use in a web application. It is design to be very simple of use, fast and lightweight.


Bayelsa Election: Court Directs INEC To Retain APC, Candidate On Ballot
The directive followed an ex parte motion filed by Lyon’s counsel.
by SaharaReporters, New York
The Court of Appeal sitting in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, on Friday directed the Independent National Electoral Commission to retain the All Progressives Congress and its governorship candidate, David Lyon, on the ballot ahead of Saturday’s election.
The directive followed an ex parte motion filed by Lyon’s counsel.
On Thursday, the Court of Appeal in Abuja granted stay of execution on the judgment delivered by the Federal High Court nullifying the primaries of the All Progressives Congress ahead of Saturday’s governorship election in Bayelsa.
Minister of State for Petroleum, Timipre Sylva, made the disclosure after the court’s decision.
That ruling followed an earlier order by the court declaring that the APC in the state held no genuine primaries, automatically ruling it out of the ballot on Saturday.


Just received a shipment of dried leaves and stems of Calea Z. I prepared a small amount of the plant by slow boiling appx. 500 mg in 250 cc water for 15 minutes then simmering for another 15. I then used a small strainer and poured it into a flask, seperating the liquid from the plant, and then refrigerated it for a few hours.
I drank this and after a severel nauseous episode, which lasted for 30 minutes, I began to drift off. I experienced a flow of easily recallable dreams, all of which were relevant to my past and present life experiences. I daresay some dreams may even be prophetic, although this may just be the result of the mind's incredible power of prediction given the correct interconnectivity of analytic and holistic (abstract) thought patterns. (IE you are your own psychic...You just don't know it yet.)
This is the first time of use, and I will try smoking instead, mixed with tobacco, as the leaves appear to have an extremely low moisture content.
First off, do not drink this infusion cold. It is extremely unpalatable, even moreso than when hot, and may induce serious nasuea. Second, I recommend using distilled water, as tap or fast filtered water will 'foam up' more during preperation, due to impurities, pushing the leaves away from the water and onto the pot's rim. Chlorine in tap water does not make this any more palatable either!
Another side effect that I experienced was that I had severe inner leg cramping four hours into the sleep. This is most probably the result of a combination of lactic acid buildup from working the previous night on my feet and decreased bloodflow and increased skeletal muscle tonicity that so often accompanies the dreamstate.
I recommend to anyone who works in a high motion job such as restaurant work or bartending to take caution against leg cramping, when using Calea Z, by assuring that the room temperature is not too cold, and to drink fluids, and to perhaps use an extra blanket over your legs to promote peripheral vasodilation, thus reducing the chance of a cramping episode.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


--- layout: archive title: Zulip Chat Archive permalink: /stream/113488-general/topic/map_map.html ---
Could we get https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib/blob/master/src/category/basic.lean#L19 out of the root namespace? map_map
is a really generic name, so it's real a pain.
How about is_lawful_functor
?
I don't understand your question
What does protected
even mean for a function in the root namespace?
I think there was a time when this line was indeed inside a name space
getting functor.map_id
and functor.map_comp
out of the root namespace would also be nice; these often get in the way of category_theory.functor.map_id
and co.
getting
functor.map_id
andfunctor.map_comp
out of the root namespace would also be nice; these often get in the way ofcategory_theory.functor.map_id
and co.
Could these just be protected?
{% endraw %}Last updated: Apr 24 2020 at 19:02 UTC


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{% extends 'base/index.html' %} {% block content %}
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Metrics for developers
An easy way to keep track of your work
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Metrevs
Is a automatic way to get key performance indicators which are used to see and track the developers activity, we report Github crucial statistics, these are used for the enginering team or developers to check the performance of their teams or their own
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About
Diego Ahumada
Nicolás Urrea
Daniel Amado
This project was created due to the request of the Torre company, which posed a problem when it came to monitoring the developers performance; initially an integration of two APIs was expected, which were used to know the performance and time taken in every github issue. The scope of our project changed drastically wen they informed us that we had to implement a solution that does not involve the two APIs, instead, create a solution that allows obtaining detailed performance statistics about the developers according to the information collected from github in the pulls requests.
We decided to face the challenge, despite the big changes as the days go by, we were getting closer to the final product, we are proud to say that this project will continue to be developed, and you can expect news from us.
Something we learned in this journey and we are grateful, is to manage projects and create efficient work plans, which made us to understand each part of the project in depth and give us greater productivity when developing.
This project is open source, if you want to contribute to the project, you can do it
Here


The X object format is a very narrow subset of the DirectX file format. Every X object validates as a DirectX file, but not necessarily the other way round.
Generally speaking, you will be unable to use 3D editing applications that export to the DirectX file format because openBVE will be unable to import the format.
Documentation of the X object format is not yet available, but the following is an overview of the supported templates, unstructured.


Single Column Modules
Cat Ipsum
Climb leg rub face on everything give attitude nap all day for under the bed. Chase mice attack feet but rub face on everything hopped up on goofballs.
Coffee Ipsum
Irish skinny, grinder affogato, dark, sweet carajillo, flavour seasonal aroma single origin cream. Percolator, foam, arabica, decaffeinated bar brewed aromatic.
N-Column Modules
Space Ipsum
The regret on our side is, they used to say years ago, we are reading about you in science class. Now they...
Heisenburg Ipsum
日本語 Ipsum
イルカは人間に次いで最も知能が高く、やがては彼らとの対話も夢ではないと考えている科学者もいる。。。
Cat Ipsum 2
I just saw other cats inside the house and nobody ask me before using my litter box run around the house at 4...
Coffee Ipsum
Ipsumish Caption Here
Coffee Ipsum
Sorry, got too lazy to copy more ipsums...
Documentation
1 function foo() {
2 if (design == minimal) {
3 console.log(':)');
4 }
5 }
1 function foo() {
2 if (design == minimal) {
3 Perform 2^13 random operations to de-minimalize
4 }
5 }
Metrics
| Font Name | Percent Usage on Web | 1 Year Change |
|---|---|---|
| Roboto | 25.6% | 33% |
| Open Sans | 21.0% | 3% |
| Lato | 5.3% | 2% |
| Slabo 27px | 3.5% | 4% |
| Oswald | 3.5% | 9% |


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Downloads a universal ProGet package to specified folder and will optionally unpack it for you.
Download options are:
- Package - Download ProGet universal package (ZIP file with extension of 'upack')
- Content as ZIP - Download content as ZIP file
- Content as TGZ - Download content as TGZ file
- Unpack Content - Extract the package content once downloaded
In all cases except 'Unpack Content' the environment variable PROGET_FILE will be populated with the name of the downloaded file
See Inedo documentation.


Wildfire to Openfire Upgrade Guide
Introduction
This document provides the steps to follow in order to upgrade a Wildfire 3.2 installation into an Openfire installation. If you need to update an old version of Wildfire then first update it to Wildfire 3.2 following the standard steps described in the upgrade guide and the Upgrade guide to Wildfire Enterprise 3.2.0 if you are using the Enterprise Edition.
This document describes the upgrade process for these environments/distributions:
Windows
- Stop the server
- Back up setup
- If running as a service, remove the old service:
wildfire-service /uninstall
- Install 3.3.0
- Delete
conf/openfire.xml
and renameconf/wildfire.xml
toconf/openfire.xml
- Search for
org.jivesoftware.wildfire.
and replace withorg.jivesoftware.openfire.
inconf/openfire.xml
- If using embedded database then rename
embedded-db\wildfire\*
files toembedded-db\openfire\*
- Delete all jar files in the plugin folder and drop new versions of plugins
- Start up the server using new launch scripts localed in
bin
- Optionally install as a service again:
openfire-service /install
Unix/Linux (RPM)
- Stop the server
- Back up setup
- Run
rpm -ivf openfire_3_3_0.rpm
- Go to
/opt/openfire
and copy configuration from old setup- Copy
conf/wildfire.xml
and rename it toconf/openfire.xml
- Search for
org.jivesoftware.wildfire.
and replace withorg.jivesoftware.openfire.
inconf/openfire.xml
- If using embedded database then copy and rename
embedded-db\wildfire\*
files toembedded-db\openfire\*
- Copy new version of plugins to
opt/openfire/plugins
(except admin folder) - Copy old certificates from
resources/security/
to same location inopenfire
- Copy
- If running as a service update service to use new scripts located in
bin
- Start up the server using new launch scripts located in
bin
- To uninstall Wildfire run
rpm -e wildfire
Zip/Tar.gz
This process is similar to the RPM except that step 3 is replaced with:- Unzip content to
/opt/openfire
(unix/linux) orC:\Program Files\openfire
(windows)
Mac OS (DMG)
- Install Openfire using the .pkg installer
- Use the System Preferences pane to turn Openfire off
- For steps 4-8 assume paths are relative to
/usr/local
- Copy
wildfire/conf/wildfire.xml
toopenfire/conf/openfire.xml
- Search for
org.jivesoftware.wildfire.
and replace withorg.jivesoftware.openfire.
inconf/openfire.xml
- If using embedded database then copy and rename
embedded-db\wildfire\*
files toembedded-db\openfire\*
- Copy new version of plugins to
openfire/plugins
(except admin folder) - Copy old certificates from
resources/security/
to same location inopenfire
- Use the System Preferences pane to turn Openfire back on


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"Welcome Bachelors" to Fabulous Las Vegas, Nevada. We truly are the entertainment capital of the world.
There is a reason most often best men choose LAs Vegas for the Bachelor's party is simple, Vegas has everything. Number One in Nightlife, Pool Parties & Strip clubs...
Why leave it up to chance?
Why choose Top Shelf? Its simple. Our expertise is born and raised here in Las Vegas, NV.


--- layout: post title: Web Inspector Debugging for iPhone and iPad from Mac OS X date: '2012-09-14T03:01:44-04:00' tags: - web inspector - ipad - iphone - debugging - profiling tumblr_url: https://encoreptl.tumblr.com/post/31512516711/web-inspector-debugging-for-iphone-and-ipad-from ---
Now you can inspect DOM elements, profile Javascript/CSS and debug on iPhone/iPad using the latest iOS 6 iPhone and iPad simulator along with the latest Safari 6.
To get started you need the latest version of Xcode 4.5 to run iOS 6 on the iPhone and iPad simulator and Safari 6 installed on your Mac. Currently Safari 6 is available for Lion and Mountain Lion.
Once you have the iOS 6 simulator and Safari 6 installed and running, click on the Develop menu of Safari 6 and you should now see iPhone Simulator or iPad Simulator menu item listing all the webpages that are available to debug in Mobile Safari via Safari 6 Web Inspector. You will also see native apps show up in this menu item if the application is running and you can debug UIWebView using this method as well.
With the latest Web Inspector you can change css properties on the fly just like you can on desktop browser and can profile Javascript and CSS along with seeing the network traffic. Plus you can put break points in your Javascript code and inspect variables and use the Javascript console to try out code changes.


List of Routines By Functionality | MISR Toolkit: Main Page
-Abstract MTK_RESAMPLE_CUBICCONVOLUTION Resample source data at the given coordinates using interpolation by cubic convolution. -Copyright Copyright (2013), California Institute of Technology. U.S. Government sponsorship acknowledged. -I/O Given: source Source data. (float) source_mask Valid mask for source data. (uint8) line Line coordinates. (float) sample Sample coordinates. (float) a Convolution parameter (-1.0 <= A <= 0.0) the call: status = MTK_RESAMPLE_CUBICCONVOLUTION( source, source_mask, line, sample, a, resampled, resampled_mask ) returns: status 0 on success; otherwise failure resampled Resampled data resampled_mask Valid mask for resampled data -Examples ;; ;; Set up input parameters ;; source = RANDOMU(seed, 40, 60) source_mask = byte(REPLICATE(1,40,60)) line = RANDOMU(seed, 40, 60) * 400 sample = RANDOMU(seed, 40, 60) * 600 a = -0.5 ;; ;; The call ;; status = MTK_RESAMPLE_CUBICCONVOLUTION( source, source_mask, line, sample, a, resampled, resampled_mask ) ;; ;; Output... ;; print, '=================================================' a = WHERE(resampled_mask EQ 1, mask_count) print, mask_count help, resampled, resampled_mask IDL outputs: ================================================= 22 RESAMPLED FLOAT = Array[40, 60] RESAMPLED_MASK BYTE = Array[40, 60] -Particulars None. -Required Reading For important details concerning this module's function, please refer to the MTK routine MtkResampleCubicConvolution.c. -Version -IDL-MTK Version 1.2.4


| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.CHATROOM_ALREADY_JOINED = 701 |
|
static |
user has already joined the chatroom
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.CHATROOM_INVALID_ID = 700 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.CHATROOM_MEMBERS_FULL = 704 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.CHATROOM_NOT_EXIST = 705 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.CHATROOM_NOT_JOINED = 702 |
|
static |
user has not joined the chatroom
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.CHATROOM_PERMISSION_DENIED = 703 |
|
static |
user has no right for this operation
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.EM_NO_ERROR = 0 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.FILE_DOWNLOAD_FAILED = 403 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.FILE_INVALID = 401 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.FILE_NOT_FOUND = 400 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.FILE_UPLOAD_FAILED = 402 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.GENERAL_ERROR = 1 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.GROUP_ALREADY_JOINED = 601 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.GROUP_INVALID_ID = 600 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.GROUP_MEMBERS_FULL = 604 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.GROUP_NOT_EXIST = 605 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.GROUP_NOT_JOINED = 602 |
|
static |
user has not joined the group
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.GROUP_PERMISSION_DENIED = 603 |
|
static |
user has no right for this operation
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.INVALID_APP_KEY = 100 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.INVALID_PASSWORD = 102 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.INVALID_URL = 103 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.INVALID_USER_NAME = 101 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.MESSAGE_ENCRYPTION_ERROR = 503 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.MESSAGE_INCLUDE_ILLEGAL_CONTENT = 501 |
|
static |
message include illegal content
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.MESSAGE_INVALID = 500 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.MESSAGE_SEND_TRAFFIC_LIMIT = 502 |
|
static |
message is sent too rapidly, triggering current limit
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.NETWORK_ERROR = 2 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.SERVER_BUSY = 302 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.SERVER_GET_DNSLIST_FAILED = 304 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.SERVER_NOT_REACHABLE = 300 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.SERVER_SERVICE_RESTRICTED = 305 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.SERVER_TIMEOUT = 301 |
|
static |
wait for server response timeout
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.SERVER_UNKNOWN_ERROR = 303 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.USER_ALREADY_EXIST = 203 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.USER_ALREADY_LOGIN = 200 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.USER_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED = 202 |
|
static |
user name or password is wrong
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.USER_BINDDEVICETOKEN_FAILED = 211 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.USER_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT = 205 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.USER_LOGIN_ANOTHER_DEVICE = 206 |
|
static |
user login on another device
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.USER_NOT_FOUND = 204 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.USER_NOT_LOGIN = 201 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.USER_PERMISSION_DENIED = 210 |
|
static |
User has no right for this operation
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.USER_REG_FAILED = 208 |
|
static |
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.USER_REMOVED = 207 |
|
static |
user was removed from server
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.USER_UNBIND_DEVICETOKEN_FAILED = 212 |
|
static |
unbind device token failed
| final int com.hyphenate.EMError.USER_UPDATEINFO_FAILED = 209 |
|
static |
The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:
- hyphenatechatsdk/src/com/hyphenate/EMError.java


|
| | Builder (TAbstractCalendarView component) |
| |
| virtual TBuilder | StartDay (int startDay) |
| | The 0-based index for the day on which the calendar week begins (0=Sunday, which is the default) More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | DDCreateEventText (string dDCreateEventText) |
| | The text to display inside the drag proxy while dragging over the calendar to create a new event (defaults to 'Create event for {0}' where {0} is a date range supplied by the view) More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | DDMoveEventText (string dDMoveEventText) |
| | The text to display inside the drag proxy while dragging an event to reposition it (defaults to 'Move event to {0}' where {0} is the updated event start date/time supplied by the view) More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | DDResizeEventText (string dDResizeEventText) |
| | The string displayed to the user in the drag proxy while dragging the resize handle of an event (defaults to 'Update event to {0}' where {0} is the updated event start-end range supplied by the view). Note that this text is only used in views that allow resizing of events. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | EnableAddFx (bool enableAddFx) |
| | True to enable a visual effect on adding a new event (the default), false to disable it. Note that if enableFx is false it will override this value. The specific effect that runs is defined in the doAddFx method. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | EnableDD (bool enableDD) |
| | True to enable drag and drop in the calendar view (the default), false to disable it More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | EnableFx (bool enableFx) |
| | True to enable a visual effect on adding a new event (the default), false to disable it. Note that if enableFx is false it will override this value. The specific effect that runs is defined in the doAddFx method. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | EnableRemoveFx (bool enableRemoveFx) |
| | True to enable a visual effect on removing an event (the default), false to disable it. Note that if enableFx is false it will override this value. The specific effect that runs is defined in the doRemoveFx method. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | EnableUpdateFx (bool enableUpdateFx) |
| | True to enable a visual effect on updating an event, false to disable it (the default). Note that if enableFx is false it will override this value. The specific effect that runs is defined in the doUpdateFx method. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | MonitorResize (bool monitorResize) |
| | True to monitor the browser's resize event (the default), false to ignore it. If the calendar view is rendered into a fixed-size container this can be set to false. However, if the view can change dimensions (e.g., it's in fit layout in a viewport or some other resizable container) it is very important that this config is true so that any resize event propagates properly to all subcomponents and layouts get recalculated properly. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | SpansHavePriority (bool spansHavePriority) |
| | Allows switching between two different modes of rendering events that span multiple days. When true, span events are always sorted first, possibly at the expense of start dates being out of order (e.g., a span event that starts at 11am one day and spans into the next day would display before a non-spanning event that starts at 10am, even though they would not be in date order). This can lead to more compact layouts when there are many overlapping events. If false (the default), events will always sort by start date first which can result in a less compact, but chronologically consistent layout. More...
|
| |
| virtual TBuilder | TrackMouseOver (bool trackMouseOver) |
| | Whether or not the view tracks and responds to the browser mouseover event on contained elements (defaults to true). If you don't need mouseover event highlighting you can disable this. More...
|
| |


We are planning an extended wedding trip to Australia and New Zealand towards the end of the year, and since we both value experiences over things, we would be super-happy if our wedding gifts were mostly adventure-presents. (This type of presents would also be easier to transport back to Denmark :) )
If you would like to chip into our wedding trip or some of the activities we are planning during the trip, please find our Adventure Present Box at the wedding, or see below if you would rather prefer things digital (scroll down to proceed to payment details):
{{gift.title}} - {{gift.amount}} EUR


The larger comercial airplane in service.
The Airbus A380 is a double-deck, wide-body, four-engine jet airliner manufactured by European manufacturer Airbus
Content
Tech Specs
A380 in Numbers
Fun Facts
Place your order


Simple Selection Component (similar to Image Carousel). Visualization with some animation (resize of images)
Link to blog: Design Studio SDK: Fish Eye Component


🐛 Github issues is for bugs only. No feature requests or support tickets please.
lightbox2
tag.lightbox2
tag.View the project Roadmap.
Search through existing Github Issues that have been reported to avoid creating a duplicate issue. If your bug has not been reported, create a new issue with the following details:
What version of Lightbox2 you are using?
Which browsers and operating systems have you seen the issue on?
What are the steps to reproduce the bug?
Do you have link to a live site where the bug is visible? or can you post relevant HTML, CSS, and Javascript?


National Novel Generation Month - based on an idea Darius Kazemi tweeted on a whim.
Spend the month of November writing code that generates a novel of 50k+ words. This is in the spirit of National Novel Writing Month's interesting definition of a novel as 50,000 words of fiction.
The only rule is that you share at least one novel and also your source code at the end.
The source code does not have to be licensed in a particular way, so long as you share it. The code itself does not need to be on GitHub, either. We're just using this repo as a place to organize the community. (Convenient because many programmers have GitHub accounts and the Issues section works like a forum with excellent syntax highlighting.)
The "novel" is defined however you want. It could be 50,000 repetitions of the word "meow". It could literally grab a random novel from Project Gutenberg. It doesn't matter, as long as it's 50k+ words.
Please try to respect copyright. We're not going to police it, as ultimately it's on your head if you want to just copy/paste a Stephen King novel or whatever, but the most useful/interesting implementations are going to be ones that don't engender lawsuits.
This activity starts at 12:01am GMT on Nov 1st and ends at 12:01am GMT Dec 1st.
Open an issue on the edition's repo and declare your intent to participate. If you already have some inkling of the kind of project you'll be doing, please title your issue accordingly. You may continually update the issue as you work over the course of the month. Feel free to post dev diaries, sample output, etc.
Also feel free to comment on other participants' issues.Official admins for NaNoGenMo are @dariusk and @hugovk. We'll be doing our best to keep the issues section well organized and tagged.
There's an open issue for each edition where you can add resources (libraries, corpuses, APIs, techniques, etc).
There are already a ton of resources on the resources threads for old editions:
You might want to check out corpora, a repository of public domain lists of things: animals, foods, names, occupations, countries, etc.
Have fun!


Single Playback Demo
Description
The Single Playback Demo is the way to start using Jukebox.
It is the easiest demo that shows the basic usage of the jukebox.Player.
The demo is located at demo/single.html
The Single Playback Demo is the way to start using Jukebox.
It is the easiest demo that shows the basic usage of the jukebox.Player.
The demo is located at demo/single.html
The Multi Playback Demo is a demo that shows advanced timing of spritemap entries.
It shows you in a basic way of how to time the calls to the jukebox.Player API.
The demo is located at demo/multi.html
The Dubstep Sequencer Demo is a fun project that shows an advanced use-case for Jukebox and makes usage of timing / tracking.
The demo is located at demo/sequencer/
iOS' security model doesn't allow you to play sounds without a precedent user interaction.
The solution for automated playback is running a sprite entry via autoplay. This is either
a background music - or just silence. It will allow you to playback other entries via
timeouts, intervals etc.
iOS' implementation is not able to playback two different sounds in parallel.
Jukebox's solution for background music is to re-continue background music playback right
after other sound effects were played.
iOS' implementation is very, very slow when playing back encoded formats.
A hint is here to use the Core Audio File format, which is apparently only
an AIFF-container using IMA4 compression. Take a look at both demos to see the difference.
The demos are located at demo/ios.html and demo/ios-aiff.html.
The Game Integration Demo shows you how to modify jukebox.Manager for usage with an own
game loop.
This is important for performance-critic environments like mobile games.
The demo is located at demo/game.html
See jukebox.Manager Settings for further details.


How Heroku Works - Hiring
I alluded in earlier posts of How Heroku Works that we have talented engineers. In fact I would venture to say that there is not a weak link when it comes to our engineers at Heroku. Ensuring we have talented engineers makes it easier for us to find other talented engineers and maintains a level of quality in our product. This means we must be very careful about not diluting our pool of engineering talent, which is where our hiring process becomes especially key. By the time we hire a new employee, we know without a doubt they’re a fit within our organization.
Our goal in hiring is seldom to fill a role, but more commonly to find more talented people share our goal (changing the world for developers).
Read on


In Brief -- by Zachary McGhee
KEEPING THE FAITH [Norton] -- Nothing more than passable fluff, really, which I guess ain't bad, but I do prefer characters that I can truly sympathize-slash-empathize with and I suppose Norton had it toughest: the majority of the movie going public isn't exactly made up of Catholic priests. Thankfully, first-time director/actors tend to be especially critical of their performances; thus, his character, who bothered me quite a bit until reel three, is absent from the majority of the romantic proceedings. The subject-matter doesn't lend itself to any particular visual style (other than the typical prose of Nora Ephron, who is thanked in the end credits), so we, as an audience, are left wondering if Nortion can really direct. But then, there's that whole other mystery entirely: Who ever would've envisioned *Edward Norton* as director of a romantic-comedy? By the way, Ben Stiller is a genius. C+
Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/ Before you buy.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


getcuda.ml
curl https://getcuda.ml/arm/opencv.sh | sudo bash
Please do note that running scripts like this from the Internet is a dangerous practice.
When running scripts from an untrusted source, please do inspect the contents of the script!


Loading Content
Polytomizator
It is
highly highly
suggested to use Firefox for maximum experience. Cannot download art on Safari at the moment.
Add points with the brushes. Then click polytomize to make art! Then download the poly art as an image or SVG.
Polytomize (D)
Options
Accuracy
Grid
Snap to grid
Speed
Flower effect
Display mode
Circles
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Functions
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Upload your own image to work with here:
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Created using p5.js, HTML, CSS


My Project
Main Page
Classes
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src
protocols
protocols Directory Reference
Directory dependency graph for protocols:
Directories
directory
bus
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directory
pipeline
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directory
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Generated by
1.8.11


TIME CODE RATING: 7.5 /10 --> Very good movie
For more reviews and movie screensavers, visit http://www.joblo.com/
Two major novelties with this film: 1) The movie presented on the screen is divided into four equal smaller screens, each showing a different story at the same time as the others 2) The entire movie was shot in one straight take of ninety-three minutes, and features general improvisation by the actors. Certainly the concept of this film is unique, but then again, director James Toback tried another such cinematic experiment earlier this year with BLACK AND WHITE, and it sucked the big one. Fortunately for us, this film is actually able to combine its technological novelty, with solid acting and quite the interesting, sorted tale of a day in the life of...Hollywood.
PLOT: Follow the lives of various Hollywood types during a hectic audition day with a handful of behind-the-scene situations padded by various relationship dramas.
CRITIQUE: This is a film which begins on a visually confusing note, eventually settles into its own and manages to seduce with its voyeuristic appeal, its talented cast and its sheer creative spirit. Oh yeah, and if none of that appeals to you, how about the fact that the film features two different sets of actresses swapping spit during a couple of the film's groovier scenes (Hayek and Tripplehorn go at it early, and later on, Burrows and Mann take a shot at the gold). But lesbianism aside, the movie is cool on various different levels, all of which transcend the initial shock of the visual, including some surprising comedy by the way of Julian Sands' overly competent massage therapist and Richard Edson, playing the neurotic director. Of course, the basis of the film is soaked in various intertwining relationship dramas, but it's nice to know that director Figgis doesn't take himself too seriously.
And despite it taking me a while to get used to the idea of four stories on the screen at the same time, it wasn't long before the volume controls began to work wonders, and I gelled right into the movie. Finally, a cinematic experiment that succeeds! Mind you, I wouldn't want to see movies like this all the time, honestly you have to pay about four times more attention than you usually do, but kudos to Figgis for pulling this one out of the hat. Of course, the film wouldn't have been such a success were it not for the extremely solid performances of its actors. Improvising most of their lines from a pre-established structure, all of the actors involved in the production seemed to take full advantage of their respective carte blanches, smacking many a ball out of the park. By golly, even Salma Hayek was really good in this (besides being a Goddess of beauty, of course). Give an award to Stellan Skarsgard for his amazing portrayal of Alex, the alcoholic producer, who slowly disintegrates before our very eyes, as well as Jeanne Tripplehorn, who surprised me with her strong showing. A great cast, a captivating story about pretentious Hollywood folk dishing their dirty laundry, a novel idea that works and lesbian make-out scenes. How could you go wrong? :)
Honestly though, if you think that an experiment as such is in your interest, you should definitely see this film on the big screen, since it will more than likely lose many of its subtleties on video. A few moments drag on here and there, but overall the movie works on all cylinders, and its running time of ninety-three minutes is ideal, considering its novel concept. So if you're not one to allow your mind to stray during a movie outing, this film is ideally created for you. Visually unique with an interesting narrative and a solid cast, this film has turned into one of the year's nicest surprises for me.
Review Date: May 4, 2000 Director: Mike Figgis Writer: Mike Figgis Producer: Annie Stewart Actors: Stellan Skarsgard as Alex Jeanne Tripplehorn as Lauren Salma Hayek as Rose Saffron Burrows as Emma Genre: Drama Year of Release: 2000 -------------------------------------- JoBlo's Movie Emporium http://www.joblo.com/ -------------------------------------- (c) 2000 Berge Garabedian
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Betzabeth Narvaez
Human Resources
Web Design
Betzabeth is a senior at Ore City High School.
She hopes to travel abroad for college to fuel her love for traveling, but is not sure where, yet. Most likely, she will major in Computer Science.
She applied to Girls Who code in order to learn more about Computer Science, before she goes off to college.


The NP203 transfer case is a chain driven transfer case in a
cast iron case used. It is a heavy duty case with a 2:00:1
low range with a set of differentials for full time use.
It was used from 1971 until 1980 in various Dodge trucks.
Due to it's poor low range, weight, and size, it is not suitable
for swap into most Jeep vehicles.


terrain
Json2Pojo
Name for your root element class:
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
""" sortedDistance: define function to measure of sortedness of permutations of [0..N-1].
- Cf. http://stevehanov.ca/blog/index.php?id=145 and https://stackoverflow.com/q/8206617
"""
from __future__ import division, print_function # Python 2 compatibility
__author__ = "Lilian Besson"
__version__ = "0.6"
from difflib import SequenceMatcher
import numpy as np
import scipy.stats
[docs]def weightedDistance(choices, weights, n=None):
"""Relative difference between the best possible weighted choices and the actual choices.
>>> weights = [0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9]
>>> choices = [8, 6, 5, 2]
>>> weightedDistance(choices, weights) # not a bad choice # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
0.8333...
>>> choices = [8, 6, 5, 7]
>>> weightedDistance(choices, weights) # best choice! # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
1.000...
>>> choices = [3, 2, 1, 0]
>>> weightedDistance(choices, weights) # worst choice! # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
0.3333...
"""
if len(choices) == 0 or len(weights) == 0:
return 0
choices = np.asarray(choices)
weights = np.asarray(weights)
if n is None:
n = len(choices)
bestWeights = np.sum(np.sort(weights)[-n:])
chosenWeights = np.sum(weights[choices[-n:]])
return chosenWeights / float(bestWeights)
[docs]def manhattan(permutation, comp=None):
"""A certain measure of sortedness for the list A, based on Manhattan distance.
>>> perm = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> manhattan(perm) # sorted # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
1.0...
>>> perm = [0, 1, 2, 5, 4, 3]
>>> manhattan(perm) # almost sorted! # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
0.777...
>>> perm = [2, 9, 6, 4, 0, 3, 1, 7, 8, 5] # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
>>> manhattan(perm)
0.4
>>> perm = [2, 1, 6, 4, 0, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9] # better sorted! # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
>>> manhattan(perm)
0.72
"""
if len(permutation) == 0:
return 0
if comp is None:
comp = sorted(permutation)
return 1 - (2 * sum(abs(comp[index] - element) for index, element in enumerate(permutation))) / (len(permutation) ** 2)
[docs]def kendalltau(permutation, comp=None):
"""A certain measure of sortedness for the list A, based on Kendall Tau ranking coefficient.
>>> perm = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> kendalltau(perm) # sorted # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
0.98...
>>> perm = [0, 1, 2, 5, 4, 3]
>>> kendalltau(perm) # almost sorted! # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
0.90...
>>> perm = [2, 9, 6, 4, 0, 3, 1, 7, 8, 5]
>>> kendalltau(perm) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
0.211...
>>> perm = [2, 1, 6, 4, 0, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9] # better sorted!
>>> kendalltau(perm) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
0.984...
"""
if len(permutation) == 0:
return 0
if comp is None:
comp = sorted(permutation)
res = 1 - scipy.stats.kendalltau(permutation, comp).pvalue
if np.isnan(res):
res = 0
return res
[docs]def spearmanr(permutation, comp=None):
"""A certain measure of sortedness for the list A, based on Spearman ranking coefficient.
>>> perm = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> spearmanr(perm) # sorted # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
1.0...
>>> perm = [0, 1, 2, 5, 4, 3]
>>> spearmanr(perm) # almost sorted! # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
0.92...
>>> perm = [2, 9, 6, 4, 0, 3, 1, 7, 8, 5]
>>> spearmanr(perm) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
0.248...
>>> perm = [2, 1, 6, 4, 0, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9] # better sorted!
>>> spearmanr(perm) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
0.986...
"""
if len(permutation) == 0:
return 0
if comp is None:
comp = sorted(permutation)
res = 1 - scipy.stats.spearmanr(permutation, comp).pvalue
if np.isnan(res):
res = 0
return res
[docs]def gestalt(permutation, comp=None):
"""A certain measure of sortedness for the list A, based on Gestalt pattern matching.
>>> perm = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> gestalt(perm) # sorted # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
1.0...
>>> perm = [0, 1, 2, 5, 4, 3]
>>> gestalt(perm) # almost sorted! # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
0.666...
>>> perm = [2, 9, 6, 4, 0, 3, 1, 7, 8, 5]
>>> gestalt(perm) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
0.4...
>>> perm = [2, 1, 6, 4, 0, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9] # better sorted!
>>> gestalt(perm) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
0.5...
>>> import random
>>> random.seed(0)
>>> ratings = [random.gauss(1200, 200) for i in range(100000)]
>>> gestalt(ratings) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
8e-05...
"""
if len(permutation) == 0:
return 0
if comp is None:
comp = sorted(permutation)
return SequenceMatcher(None, permutation, comp).ratio()
[docs]def meanDistance(permutation, comp=None, methods=(manhattan, gestalt)):
"""A certain measure of sortedness for the list A, based on mean of the 2 distances: manhattan and gestalt.
>>> perm = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> meanDistance(perm) # sorted # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
1.0
>>> perm = [0, 1, 2, 5, 4, 3]
>>> meanDistance(perm) # almost sorted! # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
0.722...
>>> perm = [2, 9, 6, 4, 0, 3, 1, 7, 8, 5] # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
>>> meanDistance(perm)
0.4
>>> perm = [2, 1, 6, 4, 0, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9] # better sorted! # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
>>> meanDistance(perm)
0.61
.. warning:: I removed :func:`kendalltau` and :func:`spearmanr` as they were giving 100% for many cases where clearly there were no reason to give 100%...
"""
distances = []
for method in methods:
distances.append(method(permutation, comp=comp))
return np.mean(distances)
# Default distance
sortedDistance = meanDistance
# Only export and expose the useful functions defined here
__all__ = [
"weightedDistance",
"manhattan",
"kendalltau",
"spearmanr",
"gestalt",
"meanDistance",
"sortedDistance",
]
# --- Debugging
if __name__ == "__main__":
# Code for debugging purposes.
from doctest import testmod
print("\nTesting automatically all the docstring written in each functions of this module :")
testmod(verbose=True)


About
The 'rest-tool' is simple Node.js module to document, emulate and test RESTful APIs.
The main purpose of using 'rest-tool' is to create and maintain a well-defined REST API specification, which provides a solid basis for implementing, mocking and quality assure the RESTful interface.
This specification can handle as a contract among the communicating agents either they are servers or clients.
To learn more about the tool visit the homepage of the project, or directly Get Started with it.


First you have to define the biological materials that will be sampled. A sample is a portion of plant tissue extracted from an observation unit for the purpose of sub-plant observations and/or molecular studies. A sample must be used when there is a physical sample that needs to be stored and traced. Otherwise, you can use directly variables on the Observation unit (Berry sugar content, Fruit weight, Grain Protein content)
| {{displayedMaterialColumns[i]}} | {{element[column]}} |
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Once you have selected some materials to sample, Click on to prebuild your list of samples. After that you have to describe yur sample associated metadata as much as you could.
generate incremental sample identifier using material source and biological material identifier.
Define the number of technical replicate(s) by sample


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Defining .col–{screen size}–{# of columns} from .row
Defining .col–{screen size}–{column width} from .column
Overiding .row's "col-" declarations from .column
Nesting .row and .column
Declare vertical alignment from .row
Declare vertical alignment from .column
Do not place non-.column elements as immediate children of .row. Evil things will happen if you choose to do so.
Until support for IE9 is dropped, avoid using .row without .column. If the content does not intend to share horizontal space, a simple div should be used for “block” containment instead of .row.
When declaring justify-{{ start | center | end }} on .row, it is important to also specify text-{{ alignment }} on .column for the FlexGrid fallback to work properly.
Never try to apply box-model properties (i.e. padding, borders, or margin) directly to .column. Because this is a flexed child, these styles will render differently (and incorrectly) in different browsers. The solution is to apply these styles to .inner-column. This practice occurs automatically in FlexGrid by passing class properties applied to .column to its immediate child, .inner-column.
Because .column has flexed-child properties, it must be directly nested inside of a flex-parent (i.e. .row) for it’s flexed properties to take effect. For this reason, do not use .column without .row.


Played around with the data from the
pixel particles
with WebGL.
Should be 85000 of them here.
Note.
You need a modern browser that supports WebGL for this to run the way it is intended.
For example.
Google Chrome 9+
or
Firefox 4+
.
(If you are already using one of those browsers and it's still not running, it's possible that you
have old blacklisted GPU drivers. Try updating the drivers for your graphic card.
Or try to set a '--ignore-gpu-blacklist' switch for the browser.)


Pokémon icon database and sprite sheet generator
To implement PokéSprite on a website, you need to include one CSS file, one JS file and one image. Depending on where you want to keep the image, you'll need to edit the CSS file to point to the right location.
Generated on {{$script_date_html}} ({{$icons_amount}} icons).
Standard build:
Contains Pokémon (regular and shiny; with forms, with right-facing alternate icons), and items.
For more information about the project, visit {{$website_html}}.


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3 references to Variable
Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.Utility (3)
commands\utility\Set-PSBreakpoint.cs (3)
191
for (int i = 0; i <
Variable
.Length; i++)
198
Runspace.Debugger.SetVariableBreakpoint(
Variable
[i], Mode, Action, path));
204
Runspace.Debugger.SetVariableBreakpoint(
Variable
[i], Mode, Action, path: null));


history expansion
Reuse and expand the shell history in `sh`, `bash`, `zsh`, `rbash` and `ksh`.
More information: home page
- Run the previous command as root (`!!` is replaced by the previous command):
sudo !!
- Run a command with the last argument of the previous command:
command !$
- Run a command with the first argument of the previous command:
command !^
- Run the Nth command of the history:
!n
- Run the command `n` lines back in the history:
!-n
- Run the most recent command containing `string`:
!?string?
- Run the previous command, replacing `string1` with `string2`:
^string1^string2^
- Perform a history expansion, but print the command that would be run instead of actually running it:
!-n:p


--- layout: blogpost title: Scan-di-navia Part 2 - Norway comments: true date: 25th February 2018 pc: Pradip, Arpan, Alap, Manish ---
Tring tring..tring tring. We rang the bell again. Still no response. We were standing outside the Airbnb host’s apartment on a deserted street in Narvik. It was 7 PM (but felt like midnight) and the temperature had dropped to -18deg C. The host was not picking up our call and there was no response to the door-bell. Airbnb customer care executive also couldn’t track the host and offered to reimburse the cost of any accommodation that we could find in this small town.
We were searching for vacant hotels when the ‘Spectacular Show’ started! Pradip and Arpan had climbed up a hillock in the town to search for hotels and saw a green belt forming in the sky. Luckily, Manish found a vacant hotel nearby and we rushed towards the hillock after dumping our luggage in the rooms. The ‘experience’ of Auroras was beyond words. Even the pictures cannot do justice..
The natural extravaganza lasted for about an hour. This trip’s goal was achieved. And that too on the 3rd day itself!
We left Narvik early in the morning and boarded the bus towards Svolvær. This town is situated in Lofoten Islands, the archipelago in Nordland county of Norway. This 4hr bus journey was the best journey of our trip so far. The route offered some of the most unworldly vistas we had ever seen.
We had booked a cottage in Lofoten feriesenter, a campground situated away from the city. There was a small lake nearby, surrounded by hills.
We celebrated my birthday in the cottage and luckily got to see another spectacular aurora around midnight.
Our next destination was Bodø, a town in Nordland county of Norway. We boarded a ferry from Svolvær towards Bodø early in the morning.
Bodø had no shortage of incredible views to see and experience.
The most interesting was Saltstraumen, the strongest tidal current in the world with whirlpools bigger than 10 meters. The ‘Saltstraumen’ is a small strait situated between the island of Straumøya and mainland Norway, about 10 kilometers from Bodø. At Saltstraumen, 400 million cubic meters of water from the ocean is pressed through and out of the 150-meter wide strait every six hours at low or high tide. The water there gets as fast as 40 km/h which leads to whirlpools in the strait. We took a shuttle from Bodo to reach there.
We travelled from Bodø to Oslo by overnight train. (It is not practical to make stops on the way). In the morning, we were greeted by a sheet of white covering everything, something that made us feel all cosy and festive, even though Christmas had passed. We enjoyed the views of pretty wooden houses with sloped roofs coated in the white snow.
We camped at Bogstad Camping, a camping site in the Holmenkollen neighbourhood of Oslo. After getting refreshed, we travelled all the way up through the infinite stairs to reach at sledging spot. On the way, we saw a lot of happy faces and kids going for skiing. But after reaching there we saw that the counter was closed. So we had to walk back to the city. The city looked beautiful from the top of the mountain.
The train ride from Oslo to Myrdal is around 5 hours and a seat reservation is required in this journey. The journey was magnificent all the way with different shades of snow fields and snow capped mountains. The train was delayed by about 10 minutes and we weren't sure if we will arrive on time, but on arrival into Myrdal train station, we were very happy to find the Flåm train waiting for us!
After the spectacular splash of auroras at night, this was the undisputed queen of the daytime wonders! We simply couldn’t take our eyes off the scenic beauty for once. Such is the aura of this award-winning train ride that is worth every penny! Starting from the mountain station at Myrdal, this scenic train takes you down to Flåm via the longest and deepest fjord in Europe, the Sognefjorden. We got on the train and grabbed the window seats and poised to take it all in!
Then we were all set to start the cool (rather cold!) , calm and composed ferry across the fjords.
We celebrated the new year's eve in Voss by touching the arctic waters. The next morning we left towards Bergen and then boarded our flight back to US. Hope to visit Scandinavia again!