Teams
- List teams
- Get team
- Create team
- Edit team
- Delete team
- List team members
- Get team member
- Add team member
- Remove team member
- Get team membership
- Add team membership
- Remove team membership
- List team repos
- Check if a team manages a repository
- Add or update team repository
- Remove team repository
- List user teams
All actions against teams require at a minimum an authenticated user who
is a member of the Owners team in the :org
being managed. Additionally,
OAuth users require the "read:org" scope.
List teams
GET /orgs/:org/teams
Response
Status: 200 OK
Link: <https://api.github.com/resource?page=2>; rel="next",
<https://api.github.com/resource?page=5>; rel="last"
[
{
"id": 1,
"url": "https://api.github.com/teams/1",
"name": "Justice League",
"slug": "justice-league",
"description": "A great team.",
"privacy": "closed",
"permission": "admin",
"members_url": "https://api.github.com/teams/1/members{/member}",
"repositories_url": "https://api.github.com/teams/1/repos"
}
]
Get team
GET /teams/:id
Response
Status: 200 OK
{
"id": 1,
"url": "https://api.github.com/teams/1",
"name": "Justice League",
"slug": "justice-league",
"description": "A great team.",
"privacy": "closed",
"permission": "admin",
"members_url": "https://api.github.com/teams/1/members{/member}",
"repositories_url": "https://api.github.com/teams/1/repos",
"members_count": 3,
"repos_count": 10,
"organization": {
"login": "github",
"id": 1,
"url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github",
"repos_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/repos",
"events_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/events",
"hooks_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/hooks",
"issues_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/issues",
"members_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/members{/member}",
"public_members_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/public_members{/member}",
"avatar_url": "https://github.com/images/error/octocat_happy.gif",
"description": "A great organization"
}
}
Create team
In order to create a team, the authenticated user must be a member of :org
.
POST /orgs/:org/teams
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
name |
string |
Required. The name of the team. |
description |
string |
The description of the team. |
repo_names |
array of strings
|
The full name (e.g., "organization-name/repository-name") of repositories to add the team to. |
privacy |
string |
The level of privacy this team should have. Can be one of: * secret - only visible to organization owners and members of this team.* closed - visible to all members of this organization.Default: secret |
permission |
string |
Deprecated. The permission that new repositories will be added to the team with when none is specified. Can be one of: * pull - team members can pull, but not push to or administer newly-added repositories.* push - team members can pull and push, but not administer newly-added repositories.* admin - team members can pull, push and administer newly-added repositories.Default: pull
|
Example
{
"name": "new team",
"description": "team description",
"privacy": "closed"
}
Response
Status: 201 Created
{
"id": 1,
"url": "https://api.github.com/teams/1",
"name": "Justice League",
"slug": "justice-league",
"description": "A great team.",
"privacy": "closed",
"permission": "admin",
"members_url": "https://api.github.com/teams/1/members{/member}",
"repositories_url": "https://api.github.com/teams/1/repos",
"members_count": 3,
"repos_count": 10,
"organization": {
"login": "github",
"id": 1,
"url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github",
"repos_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/repos",
"events_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/events",
"hooks_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/hooks",
"issues_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/issues",
"members_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/members{/member}",
"public_members_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/public_members{/member}",
"avatar_url": "https://github.com/images/error/octocat_happy.gif",
"description": "A great organization"
}
}
Edit team
In order to edit a team, the authenticated user must either be an owner of the org that the team is associated with, or a maintainer of the team.
PATCH /teams/:id
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
name |
string |
Required. The name of the team. |
description |
string |
The description of the team. |
privacy |
string |
The level of privacy this team should have. Can be one of: * secret - only visible to organization owners and members of this team.* closed - visible to all members of this organization.Default: secret |
permission |
string |
Deprecated. The permission that new repositories will be added to the team with when none is specified. Can be one of: * pull - team members can pull, but not push to or administer newly-added repositories.* push - team members can pull and push, but not administer newly-added repositories.* admin - team members can pull, push and administer newly-added repositories.Default: pull
|
Example
{
"name": "new team name",
"description": "new team description",
"privacy": "closed"
}
Response
Status: 200 OK
{
"id": 1,
"url": "https://api.github.com/teams/1",
"name": "Justice League",
"slug": "justice-league",
"description": "A great team.",
"privacy": "closed",
"permission": "admin",
"members_url": "https://api.github.com/teams/1/members{/member}",
"repositories_url": "https://api.github.com/teams/1/repos",
"members_count": 3,
"repos_count": 10,
"organization": {
"login": "github",
"id": 1,
"url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github",
"repos_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/repos",
"events_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/events",
"hooks_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/hooks",
"issues_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/issues",
"members_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/members{/member}",
"public_members_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/public_members{/member}",
"avatar_url": "https://github.com/images/error/octocat_happy.gif",
"description": "A great organization"
}
}
Delete team
In order to delete a team, the authenticated user must be an owner of the org that the team is associated with, or a maintainer of the team.
DELETE /teams/:id
Response
Status: 204 No Content
List team members
In order to list members in a team, the team must be visible to the authenticated user.
GET /teams/:id/members
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
role |
string |
Filters members returned by their role in the team. Can be one of: * member - normal members of the team.* maintainer - team maintainers.* all - all members of the team.Default: all
|
Response
Status: 200 OK
Link: <https://api.github.com/resource?page=2>; rel="next",
<https://api.github.com/resource?page=5>; rel="last"
[
{
"login": "octocat",
"id": 1,
"avatar_url": "https://github.com/images/error/octocat_happy.gif",
"gravatar_id": "",
"url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat",
"html_url": "https://github.com/octocat",
"followers_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/followers",
"following_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/following{/other_user}",
"gists_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/gists{/gist_id}",
"starred_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/starred{/owner}{/repo}",
"subscriptions_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/subscriptions",
"organizations_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/orgs",
"repos_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/repos",
"events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/events{/privacy}",
"received_events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/received_events",
"type": "User",
"site_admin": false
}
]
Get team member
Deprecation notice
The "Get team member" API (described below) is deprecated and is scheduled for removal in the next major version of the API.
We recommend using the Get team membership API instead. It allows you to get both active and pending memberships.
In order to list members in a team, the team must be visible to the authenticated user.
GET /teams/:id/members/:username
Response if user is a member
Status: 204 No Content
Response if user is not a member
Status: 404 Not Found
Add team member
Deprecation notice
The "Add team member" API (described below) is deprecated and is scheduled for removal in the next major version of the API.
We recommend using the Add team membership API instead. It allows you to invite new organization members to your teams.
In order to add a user to a team, the authenticated user must have 'admin' permissions to the team or be an owner of the organization that the team is associated with, and the user being added must already be a member of at least one other team on the same organization.
PUT /teams/:id/members/:username
Note that you'll need to set Content-Length
to zero when calling out to this endpoint. For more information, see "HTTP verbs."
Response
Status: 204 No Content
If you attempt to add an organization to a team, you will get this:
Status: 422 Unprocessable Entity
{
"message": "Cannot add an organization as a member.",
"errors": [
{
"code": "org",
"field": "user",
"resource": "TeamMember"
}
]
}
If you attempt to add a user to a team and that user is not a member of at least one other team on the same organization, you will get this:
Status: 422 Unprocessable Entity
{
"message": "User isn't a member of this organization. Please invite them first.",
"errors": [
{
"code": "unaffiliated",
"field": "user",
"resource": "TeamMember"
}
]
}
Remove team member
Deprecation notice
The "Remove team member" API (described below) is deprecated and is scheduled for removal in the next major version of the API.
We recommend using the Remove team membership API instead. It allows you to remove both active and pending memberships.
In order to remove a user from a team, the authenticated user must have 'admin' permissions to the team or be an owner of the org that the team is associated with. NOTE: This does not delete the user, it just removes them from the team.
DELETE /teams/:id/members/:username
Response
Status: 204 No Content
Get team membership
In order to get a user's membership with a team, the team must be visible to the authenticated user.
GET /teams/:id/memberships/:username
Response if user has an active membership with team
Status: 200 OK
{
"url": "https://api.github.com/teams/1/memberships/octocat",
"role": "member",
"state": "active"
}
Response if user has a pending membership with team
Status: 200 OK
{
"url": "https://api.github.com/teams/1/memberships/octocat",
"role": "member",
"state": "pending"
}
Response if user has no membership with team
Status: 404 Not Found
Add team membership
If the user is already a member of the team's organization, this endpoint will add the user to the team. In order to add a membership between an organization member and a team, the authenticated user must be an organization owner or a maintainer of the team.
If the user is unaffiliated with the team's organization, this endpoint will send an invitation to the user via email. This newly-created membership will be in the "pending" state until the user accepts the invitation, at which point the membership will transition to the "active" state and the user will be added as a member of the team. In order to add a membership between an unaffiliated user and a team, the authenticated user must be an organization owner.
PUT /teams/:id/memberships/:username
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
role |
string |
The role that this user should have in the team. Can be one of: * member - a normal member of the team.* maintainer - a team maintainer. Able to add/remove other team members, promote other team members to team maintainer, and edit the team's name and description.Default: member
|
Response if user's membership with team is now active
Status: 200 OK
{
"url": "https://api.github.com/teams/1/memberships/octocat",
"role": "member",
"state": "active"
}
Response if user's membership with team is now pending
Status: 200 OK
{
"url": "https://api.github.com/teams/1/memberships/octocat",
"role": "member",
"state": "pending"
}
If you attempt to add an organization to a team, you will get this:
Status: 422 Unprocessable Entity
{
"message": "Cannot add an organization as a member.",
"errors": [
{
"code": "org",
"field": "user",
"resource": "TeamMember"
}
]
}
Remove team membership
In order to remove a membership between a user and a team, the authenticated user must have 'admin' permissions to the team or be an owner of the organization that the team is associated with. NOTE: This does not delete the user, it just removes their membership from the team.
DELETE /teams/:id/memberships/:username
Response
Status: 204 No Content
List team repos
GET /teams/:id/repos
Response
Status: 200 OK
Link: <https://api.github.com/resource?page=2>; rel="next",
<https://api.github.com/resource?page=5>; rel="last"
[
{
"id": 1296269,
"owner": {
"login": "octocat",
"id": 1,
"avatar_url": "https://github.com/images/error/octocat_happy.gif",
"gravatar_id": "",
"url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat",
"html_url": "https://github.com/octocat",
"followers_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/followers",
"following_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/following{/other_user}",
"gists_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/gists{/gist_id}",
"starred_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/starred{/owner}{/repo}",
"subscriptions_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/subscriptions",
"organizations_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/orgs",
"repos_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/repos",
"events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/events{/privacy}",
"received_events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/received_events",
"type": "User",
"site_admin": false
},
"name": "Hello-World",
"full_name": "octocat/Hello-World",
"description": "This your first repo!",
"private": false,
"fork": true,
"url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World",
"html_url": "https://github.com/octocat/Hello-World",
"archive_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/{archive_format}{/ref}",
"assignees_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/assignees{/user}",
"blobs_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/git/blobs{/sha}",
"branches_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/branches{/branch}",
"clone_url": "https://github.com/octocat/Hello-World.git",
"collaborators_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/collaborators{/collaborator}",
"comments_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/comments{/number}",
"commits_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/commits{/sha}",
"compare_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/compare/{base}...{head}",
"contents_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/contents/{+path}",
"contributors_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/contributors",
"deployments_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/deployments",
"downloads_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/downloads",
"events_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/events",
"forks_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/forks",
"git_commits_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/git/commits{/sha}",
"git_refs_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/git/refs{/sha}",
"git_tags_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/git/tags{/sha}",
"git_url": "git:github.com/octocat/Hello-World.git",
"hooks_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/hooks",
"issue_comment_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/issues/comments{/number}",
"issue_events_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/issues/events{/number}",
"issues_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/issues{/number}",
"keys_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/keys{/key_id}",
"labels_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/labels{/name}",
"languages_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/languages",
"merges_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/merges",
"milestones_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/milestones{/number}",
"mirror_url": "git:git.example.com/octocat/Hello-World",
"notifications_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/notifications{?since, all, participating}",
"pulls_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/pulls{/number}",
"releases_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/releases{/id}",
"ssh_url": "git@github.com:octocat/Hello-World.git",
"stargazers_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/stargazers",
"statuses_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/statuses/{sha}",
"subscribers_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/subscribers",
"subscription_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/subscription",
"svn_url": "https://svn.github.com/octocat/Hello-World",
"tags_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/tags",
"teams_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/teams",
"trees_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/git/trees{/sha}",
"homepage": "https://github.com",
"language": null,
"forks_count": 9,
"stargazers_count": 80,
"watchers_count": 80,
"size": 108,
"default_branch": "master",
"open_issues_count": 0,
"has_issues": true,
"has_wiki": true,
"has_pages": false,
"has_downloads": true,
"pushed_at": "2011-01-26T19:06:43Z",
"created_at": "2011-01-26T19:01:12Z",
"updated_at": "2011-01-26T19:14:43Z",
"permissions": {
"admin": false,
"push": false,
"pull": true
}
}
]
Check if a team manages a repository
GET /teams/:id/repos/:owner/:repo
Response if repository is managed by this team
Status: 204 No Content
Response if repository is not managed by this team
Status: 404 Not Found
Alternative response with extra repository information
You can also get information about the specified repository, including what
permissions the team grants on it, by passing the following custom
media type via the Accept
header:
Accept: application/vnd.github.v3.repository+json
Status: 200 OK
{
"id": 1296269,
"owner": {
"login": "octocat",
"id": 1,
"avatar_url": "https://github.com/images/error/octocat_happy.gif",
"gravatar_id": "",
"url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat",
"html_url": "https://github.com/octocat",
"followers_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/followers",
"following_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/following{/other_user}",
"gists_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/gists{/gist_id}",
"starred_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/starred{/owner}{/repo}",
"subscriptions_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/subscriptions",
"organizations_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/orgs",
"repos_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/repos",
"events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/events{/privacy}",
"received_events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/received_events",
"type": "User",
"site_admin": false
},
"name": "Hello-World",
"full_name": "octocat/Hello-World",
"description": "This your first repo!",
"private": false,
"fork": true,
"url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World",
"html_url": "https://github.com/octocat/Hello-World",
"archive_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/{archive_format}{/ref}",
"assignees_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/assignees{/user}",
"blobs_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/git/blobs{/sha}",
"branches_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/branches{/branch}",
"clone_url": "https://github.com/octocat/Hello-World.git",
"collaborators_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/collaborators{/collaborator}",
"comments_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/comments{/number}",
"commits_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/commits{/sha}",
"compare_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/compare/{base}...{head}",
"contents_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/contents/{+path}",
"contributors_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/contributors",
"deployments_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/deployments",
"downloads_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/downloads",
"events_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/events",
"forks_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/forks",
"git_commits_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/git/commits{/sha}",
"git_refs_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/git/refs{/sha}",
"git_tags_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/git/tags{/sha}",
"git_url": "git:github.com/octocat/Hello-World.git",
"hooks_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/hooks",
"issue_comment_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/issues/comments{/number}",
"issue_events_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/issues/events{/number}",
"issues_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/issues{/number}",
"keys_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/keys{/key_id}",
"labels_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/labels{/name}",
"languages_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/languages",
"merges_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/merges",
"milestones_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/milestones{/number}",
"mirror_url": "git:git.example.com/octocat/Hello-World",
"notifications_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/notifications{?since, all, participating}",
"pulls_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/pulls{/number}",
"releases_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/releases{/id}",
"ssh_url": "git@github.com:octocat/Hello-World.git",
"stargazers_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/stargazers",
"statuses_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/statuses/{sha}",
"subscribers_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/subscribers",
"subscription_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/subscription",
"svn_url": "https://svn.github.com/octocat/Hello-World",
"tags_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/tags",
"teams_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/teams",
"trees_url": "http://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/git/trees{/sha}",
"homepage": "https://github.com",
"language": null,
"forks_count": 9,
"stargazers_count": 80,
"watchers_count": 80,
"size": 108,
"default_branch": "master",
"open_issues_count": 0,
"has_issues": true,
"has_wiki": true,
"has_pages": false,
"has_downloads": true,
"pushed_at": "2011-01-26T19:06:43Z",
"created_at": "2011-01-26T19:01:12Z",
"updated_at": "2011-01-26T19:14:43Z",
"permissions": {
"admin": false,
"push": false,
"pull": true
}
}
Add or update team repository
In order to add a repository to a team or update the team's permission on a repository, the authenticated user must have admin access to the repository, and must be able to see the team. Also, the repository must be owned by the organization, or a direct fork of a repository owned by the organization.
PUT /teams/:id/repos/:org/:repo
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
permission |
string |
The permission to grant the team on this repository. Can be one of: * pull - team members can pull, but not push to or administer this repository.* push - team members can pull and push, but not administer this repository.* admin - team members can pull, push and administer this repository.If no permission is specified, the team's permission attribute will be used to determine what permission to grant the team on this repository. |
Note that, if you choose not to pass any parameters, you'll need to set Content-Length
to zero when calling out to this endpoint. For more information, see "HTTP verbs."
Response
Status: 204 No Content
If you attempt to add a repository to a team that is not owned by the organization, you get:
Status: 422 Unprocessable Entity
{
"message": "Validation Failed",
"errors": [
{
"code": "not_owned",
"field": "repository",
"resource": "TeamMember"
}
]
}
Remove team repository
In order to remove a repository from a team, the authenticated user must have admin access to the repository or be a maintainer of the team. NOTE: This does not delete the repository, it just removes it from the team.
DELETE /teams/:id/repos/:owner/:repo
Response
Status: 204 No Content
List user teams
List all of the teams across all of the organizations to which the
authenticated user belongs. This method requires user
, repo
, or
read:org
scope when authenticating via OAuth.
GET /user/teams
Response
Status: 200 OK
Link: <https://api.github.com/resource?page=2>; rel="next",
<https://api.github.com/resource?page=5>; rel="last"
[
{
"id": 1,
"url": "https://api.github.com/teams/1",
"name": "Justice League",
"slug": "justice-league",
"description": "A great team.",
"privacy": "closed",
"permission": "admin",
"members_url": "https://api.github.com/teams/1/members{/member}",
"repositories_url": "https://api.github.com/teams/1/repos",
"members_count": 3,
"repos_count": 10,
"organization": {
"login": "github",
"id": 1,
"url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github",
"repos_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/repos",
"events_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/events",
"hooks_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/hooks",
"issues_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/issues",
"members_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/members{/member}",
"public_members_url": "https://api.github.com/orgs/github/public_members{/member}",
"avatar_url": "https://github.com/images/error/octocat_happy.gif",
"description": "A great organization"
}
}
]


ORPSEF Dr. Adrian Lawler Student Scholarship
Scholarship Information
Dr. Adrian R. Lawler was an American Field Service (AFS) exchange student to Sweden in 1957, the second AFS student from Oak Ridge. He established this scholarship to assist future exchange students attending Oak Ridge, Tennessee schools to study in the various countries of the world, and to thank the City of Oak Ridge for its help to him during his school years there.
Dr. Lawler received his AB in Biology from the University of Rochester, 1962, Rochester, NY; MA in Marine science, Virginia Inst. of Marine Sci (VIMS), William & Mary, 1964; Ph.D. in Marine Biology, VIMS, William & Mary, 1971, Under Dr. W. J. Hargis, Jr.
He completed postdoctoral work in Marine Parasitology, Gulf Coast Res Lab, Ocean Springs, Ms, 1971-73 ; he was hired by Dr. Gordon Gunter. He was co-founder of Toxicology, at the Gulf Coast Research Lab, 1975, and served as the first Aquarium Supervisor at the J. L. Scott Aquarium, Biloxi, Ms., 1984 -1998.
He discovered several species new to science, and now advises people on diseases transmitted from fishes and other marine life, to humans, and various other aquarium subjects.
Mission
To partially fund students attending Oak Ridge schools in exchange student programs/international meetings.
Who is Eligible for the Scholarship?
- Students attending Oak Ridge Schools with a grade average of B+ (3.50).
- Graduates of ORHS currently attending college.
Priority of funding for students is (highest to lowest):
- high school senior
- high school graduate prior to going to college
- high school junior
- student enrolled in college
- high school sophomore
- high school freshman
- middle school student
- elementary school student
No more than one scholarship will be awarded to any student during his/her lifetime.
The application form should be returned with:
- A one page essay describing why the student believes he/she should be selected for a scholarship and how he/she expects the experience will contribute to his/her future.
- A brief, informal resume that provides information on the applicant's activities inside and outside school and any involvement in international programs or activities.
Also, the applicant should arrange for three references who will complete and email or mail a letter of reference directly to the Oak Ridge Public Schools Education Foundation at the address at the end of this information sheet and on the application form by the application deadline. The references should be obtained from professional sources (excluding family) that are well acquainted with the applicant's educational background, intellectual abilities, jobs and volunteer experience, and personal character.
The amount of scholarship funds available will vary from year to year. Applicants should apply for scholarships in the range of $500 to $2000.
What Exchange Programs Can Be Funded?
- An established exchange student program (such as AFS or Sister City).
- An informal request to study abroad (any subject).
The scholarship does not usually provide for total funding in order to encourage students to earn part of their funding as a life lesson. Exceptions to the partial-funding objective may be made for students who are disabled (but can still travel) or whose financial situation makes personal funding a hardship. Recipients may receive greater or total funding only if sufficient funds are available for that year. The Scholarship Committee may choose to select fewer students in order to provide greater funding for a qualified student who is disabled or in financial need.
Funding is not for vacation or sightseeing trips, but for learning/educational trips, either during the school year or during the summer, and before or after high school graduation, as ascertained/approved by the Scholarship Committee.
What Other Programs Can Be Funded?
Discretionary funding is available, at the special approval of the Scholarship Committee, for attending/sponsoring international meetings designed to further a better understanding of other cultures/peoples, no matter what country hosts the meetings. A written request to the Scholarship Committee will initiate the consideration for funding.
Qualifications for this type of funding are:
- Enrollment in an Oak Ridge school.
- Good character, so as to be a credit to Oak Ridge schools.
- Filing a Release of Liability form for the Scholarship Fund and the Foundation.
- Special approval by the Scholarship Committee.
- An agreement by the recipient that he/she will give at least one public talk/media release about the meeting attended and what was discussed/accomplished regarding international relations in order to help and educate others who did not attend meetings.
Nondiscrimination Policy
Students are to be selected without regard to gender, race, color, creed, religion, sexual preference, disability, politics, wealth, class/caste, or any other discriminatory issue.
For More Information
Contact the Oak Ridge Public Schools Education Foundation.
Past Lawler Scholars
Tiffany Potok (Spring 2016)
Tiffany Potok met students from throughout the world as an honors student at University of Glasgow, one of Europe’s oldest universities. Along with Scottish students, she met Canadians and lived in a flat with students from Brazil, China, Cyprus, and Malaysia during the spring semester this year. She studied the Scottish enlightenment and took neuroscience courses while there. And she brought home some life lessons as well. "One of the main take-aways I have is this: We focus way too much on cultural differences and how that separates us," Potok said. "We need to focus more on what makes us all human." The scholarship helped her realize what Lawler hoped students would discover from his gift. The Lawler Scholarship enabled Potok to travel throughout Scotland during her studies there. She had dreamed of studying in Scotland since she was in the fifth grade, when she, her mother, and brother traveled there with her father, who was on a business trip. She is the daughter of Thomas and Judith Potok. "One of my favorite memories of Scotland was walking down the streets in Glasgow, looking at the buildings, and thinking that the buildings were older than my country," she said. [more...]
Patricia Garland (Spring 2014)
Studying and working with students at Hong Kong City University, Patricia Garland viewed sustainability challenges and solutions through a new lens. "Culturally, it was one of the best experiences I’ve ever had. I had never been able to work with other cultures in this capacity," said Patricia. "It was fascinating." Her crosscultural learning experience has provided valued insights that will help her as she pursues a career in sustainability, either working on a college campus or for a company in the private sector. Now earning a master’s degree in sustainability from Arizona State University, she encountered real challenges during her study abroad – decreasing marine biodiversity affecting the fishing industry, and landfill space quickly filling up while serving Hong Kong’s 7 million inhabitants. Policy solutions, she learned, must take the political realities into consideration.
Benjamin Gavin (Fall 2013)
Benjamin Gavin has a life goal of visiting every country in the world. His studies abroad during his junior year of college will allow him to check off several countries on his list.
The International Relations Club at Oak Ridge High School generated his interest in international affairs, and the Dr. Adrian R. Lawler Exchange Student Scholarship provided a $1,000 scholarship to assist him in his studies abroad.
Gavin is spending this semester in Ho Chi Minh City, where he will have opportunities to study economics, humanities, and Asian religions. [more...]
Robert Smith (Spring 2013)
Robert Smith is absorbing the culture of India as he studies abroad this semester with assistance from the Dr. Adrian R. Lawler Exchange Student Scholarship.
Smith is the 2012 recipient of the Lawler Scholarship, which supports international study programs and is administered by the Oak Ridge Public Schools Education Foundation. Lawler, an Oak Ridge High School graduate and the second local student to participate in an American Field Service international program in 1957, established the scholarship in 2008 to offer students here similar opportunities to gain tolerance and understanding. [more...]
Katelyn Campbell
Katelyn Campbell, a junior at Murray State University who is studying abroad in Germany this semester, is the first recipient of the Dr. Adrian R. Lawler Exchange Student Scholarship established earlier this year for students from Oak Ridge. [more...]
Amy Obarski
Oak Ridge High School graduate Amy Obarski wants to find inspiration for filmmaking through study abroad in a location she wouldn't ordinarily visit. A local scholarship is helping the Ithaca College student to spend a month in Seoul, South Korea, this summer to study documentary film production. [more...]
Brighton Hatfield
After hosting a foreign exchange student this year, Oak Ridge High School sophomore Brighton Hatfield decided to become one herself. [more...]
Anna Reddick
Anna Reddick hoped to study abroad in a place she wouldn't normally have the opportunity to travel. A scholarship will help her achieve that goal as she pursues anthropology studies in a remote area of the Himalayan Mountains this summer. [more...]
Meghan Riemer
International study this summer at the Kyoto Institute of Culture and Language will fulfill a lifelong dream for Meghan Riemer. [more...]
Lucas Campbell
Lucas Campbell will prepare to work in the global marketplace during his spring semester studies abroad at Georgia Tech-Lorraine in Metz, France, thanks to help from a local scholarship. [more...]


STIGMATA A film review by Steve Rhodes Copyright 1999 Steve Rhodes RATING (0 TO ****): 1/2
Having exhausted the possibilities of extreme violence as a way to shock audiences, filmmakers are always looking for other methods to give the viewers cheap thrills. STIGMATA uses the Church, specifically the Catholic Church, as a rich source of cheap exploitation. Although other films, most notably THE EXORCIST, have explored similar themes, most of them are literary classics compared to STIGMATA.
As written by Tom Lazarus and Rick Ramage and directed by Rupert Wainwright, the movie tries every tired trick in the book. Loud sounds explode suddenly and often, like fireworks on the Fourth of July. Filmed with harsh, rock-video sensibilities, the film features buckets of blood, lit as if by the neon from a sleazy motel sign. No idea is too crass to be included. The low point, in a movie full of nothing but, is the stranger on the curb who drops her baby wrapped in swaddling clothes under the tire of a speeding car in heavy traffic.
When we meet Father Andrew (Gabriel Byrne), he's on his way to work at the Holy See. Three gaudily dressed prostitutes shake their breasts at him and offer to give him "the Vatican Special."
An organic chemist turned priest, who admits he hasn't prayed in a very long time, Father Andrew works in the scientific investigation arm of the Vatican. This, in case you didn't know, is the one with all of the sophisticated instruments to look into cases of religious miracles. Father Andrew just finished verifying that a stone statue actually shed warm, human tears. He's told to forget it. His superiors, led by a nefarious, double-dealing Cardinal Vignielli (Jonathan Pryce), seem to employ a host of researchers in order to hide what they discover.
The Vatican, it turns out, is more secure that our weapons' labs. Documents are divided into threes with every third page given to a different religious order to study.
Normally, Gabriel Byrne is able to bring a sweet, honest intensity to his parts, but all his attempts this time to infuse his character with at least a hint of humanity are utter failures. To be fair, the hackneyed material he has to work with makes the project impossible.
Frankie (Patricia Arquette), "an accredited cosmetologist," who lives in a room with a thousand candles, is sent a gift by her mother. Although Frankie assumes it is a necklace, her mother has to set her straight. "It's a crucifix, dear," she tells her daughter.
The picture cuts to Frankie in the bathtub. After a dove flies overhead, Frankie starts spurting blood in some of the places where Jesus had nails driven into him on the cross.
Arquette displays all of the talent of someone taking Acting 101 at a community college. Between long, vacant looks, she bursts into brief spasms of unbelievable, emotional tantrums.
Father Andrew is sent to look into Frankie's situation. He explains how extremely devout people, something she certainly isn't, sometimes have been known to bleed in the places where Christ was cut. These spontaneous, unexplained events are known as stigmata.
Frankie is not a happy camper. She blames the God she never knew for causing all her misery, as she continues to feel nails being driven into her hands and feet. "You know what is scarier than not believing in God?" she asks her girlfriend. "Believing in him!"
The horror movie part is increasingly subsumed by a story about a vast Vatican conspiracy to cover up the "missing Jesus Gospel." Religious leaders have people murdered so that the Church is not undermined. Chief among these supposedly revolutionary and unknown thoughts of Jesus are that "The kingdom of God is inside you and all around you."
Never coming close to achieving the level of laughably bad, the dry and ludicrous STIGMATA never rises above painfully bad. Search as one might, there isn't a single interesting or original moment in it.
STIGMATA runs 1:42. It is rated R for intense violent sequences, language and some sexuality and would be acceptable for older teenagers.
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Kubernetes allows developers and sysadmins to easily create large interconnected systems of dockers across multiple nodes within a given network. It is quite useful and an essential part of the modern system stack.
To get started, install kubectl. On Ubuntu 18.04 LTS it can be done like so:
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y apt-transport-https
curl -s https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo \
apt-key add -
echo "deb http://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main" | sudo \
tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y kubectl
On Arch Linux it can be done like so:
sudo pacman -S kubectl
The rancher rke tool is the fastest way to setup a K8s cluster on any machine. Download it and install it using the following commands:
wget https://github.com/rancher/rke/releases/download/v0.3.0-rc9/rke_linux-amd64
sudo mv rke_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/rke
sudo chown root:root /usr/local/bin/rke
sudo chmod 0755 /usr/local/bin/rke
Kubernetes needs a ssh key in order to interact with it. Create a simply passphraseless one, and ensure you have an ssh server running on port 22:
ssh-keygen -f ~/.ssh/k8s_key -t ed25519
cat ~/.ssh/k8s_key >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
sudo systemctl enable sshd
sudo systemctl restart sshd
Create a /kubernetes folder, assign ownership of that folder to your user, add a file called cluster.yml to that folder:
mkdir /kubernetes/
vim /kubernetes/cluster.yml
Fill that file with the below contents:
cluster_name: simple-k8s-cluster
network:
plugin: flannel
ssh_key_path: /home/USERNAME/.ssh/k8s_key
ignore_docker_version: true
nodes:
- address: <IP_ADDRESS>
internal_address: <IP_ADDRESS>
hostname_override: <IP_ADDRESS>
port: 22
user: USERNAME
role: [controlplane,worker,etcd]
services:
etcd:
snapshot: true
creation: 6h
retention: 24h
health_check:
port: 6443
request_line: GET /healthz HTTP/1.1
kube-api:
service_node_port_range: 30000-32767
Replace USERNAME with the username of your Linux user, and replace <IP_ADDRESS> with the IP address of your ethernet card. Then cd to the /kubernetes directory and run these commands to spin up your Kubernetes cluster using rke:
rke up --config cluster.yml
The process is slow, but eventually you will end up with a Kubernetes cluster if no errors occur.
Now Kubernetes by itself isn't too much more than docker, however, a number of plugins and extensions exist to expand the functionality. One of them, Metal LB, allows both easy load balancing of deployed pods but also the ability to assign IP ranges (both public and private) to a given deployment.
Install Metal LB onto your Kubernetes cluster like so:
kubectl --kubeconfig=/kubernetes/kube_config_cluster.yml apply -f \ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/google/metallb/v0.8.1/manifests/metallb.yaml \ --namespace=metallb-system
With Metal LB installed, create a layer-2 setup in order to specify which IP addresses can be used for deployments. In this example, it is assume your router is setup to treat <IP_ADDRESS>-<IP_ADDRESS> as an empty, static range. It can be done like so:
mkdir /kubernetes/deployments/
vim /kubernetes/deployments/layer2.yml
Add the following content to that Yaml file:
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
namespace: metallb-system
name: config
data:
config: |
address-pools:
- name: default
protocol: layer2
addresses:
- <IP_ADDRESS>-<IP_ADDRESS>
Assuming that IP range is accessible to your Kubernetes cluster, it ought to be possible to add this to your cluster like so:
kubectl --kubeconfig=/kubernetes/kube_config_cluster.yml apply -f \ /kubernetes/deployments/layer2.yml
If there were no errors, then this installed correctly. Nonetheless consider testing it with some sample deployments. To do this, you'll need a pod and a service. Both can be done with Kubernetes deployment Yaml files.
Create a sample pod deployment like so:
vim /kubernetes/deployments/generic-pod-metallb.yml
Fill it with the following:
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: generic-deployment
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: generic-deployment
replicas: 2
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: generic-deployment
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:stable
imagePullPolicy: Always
ports:
- containerPort: 80
Create a sample service like so:
vim /kubernetes/deployments/generic-service-for-pod-metallb.yml
Fill it with the following:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: generic-deployment
annotations:
metallb.universe.tf/address-pool: production-public-ips
spec:
ports:
- port: 80
- targetPort: 80
selector:
app: generic-deployment
type: LoadBalancer
loadBalancerIP: <IP_ADDRESS>
The deployment file creates a container, which consists of a generic nginx image with the latest stable, and exposes it to port 80 on the internal docker network. The service file assigns the image within the pod an IP address of <IP_ADDRESS> and then opens port 80 on that address.
Attempt to apply those two files to your cluser by running the following commands:
kubectl --kubeconfig=/kubernetes/kube_config_cluster.yml apply -f \
generic-nginx-metallb.yml
kubectl --kubeconfig=/kubernetes/kube_config_cluster.yml apply -f \
generic-service-metallb.yml
If no errors occurred, then direct your browser to <IP_ADDRESS> to check if you can see the default nginx landing page. That's it, you now have a load balanced website with an assigned IP and two replicas.


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Get details about specific version about certain package.


Under the moon, can save the thing from death
This is but scratch'd withal: I'll touch my point
With this contagion, that, if I gall him slightly,
It may be death.
King.
Let's further think of this;
Weigh what convenience both of time and means
May fit us to our shape: if this should fail,
And that our drift look through our bad performance.
'Twere better not assay'd: therefore this project
Should have a back or second, that might hold
If this did blast in proof. Soft! let me see:—
We'll make a solemn wager on your cunnings,—
I ha't:
When in your motion you are hot and dry,—
As make your bouts more violent to that end,—
And that he calls for drink, I'll have prepar'd him
A chalice for the nonce; whereon but sipping,
If he by chance escape your venom'd stuck,
Our purpose may hold there.
[Enter Queen.]
How now, sweet queen!
Queen.
One woe doth tread upon another's heel,
So fast they follow:—your sister's drown'd, Laertes.
Laer.
Drown'd! O, where?
Queen.
There is a willow grows aslant a brook,
That shows his hoar leaves in the glassy stream;
There with fantastic garlands did she come
Of crowflowers, nettles, daisies, and long purples,
That liberal shepherds give a grosser name,
But our cold maids do dead men's fingers call them.
There, on the pendant boughs her coronet weeds
Clamb'ring to hang, an envious sliver broke;
When down her weedy trophies and herself
Fell in the weeping brook. Her clothes spread wide;
And, mermaid-like, awhile they bore her up;
Which time she chaunted snatches of old tunes;
As one incapable of her own distress,
Or like a creature native and indu'd
Unto that element: but long it could not be
Till that her garments, heavy with their drink,
Pull'd the poor wretch from her melodious lay
To muddy death.
Laer.
Alas, then she is drown'd?
Queen.
Drown'd, drown'd.
Laer.
Too much of water hast thou, poor Ophelia,
And therefore I forbid my tears: but yet
It is our trick; nature her custom holds,
Let shame say what it will: when these are gone,
The woman will be out.—Adieu, my lord:
I have a speech of fire, that fain would blaze,
But that this folly douts it.
[Exit.]
King.
Let's follow, Gertrude;
How much I had to do to calm his rage!
Now fear I this will give it start again;
Therefore let's follow.
[Exeunt.]
[Enter two Clowns, with spades, &c.]
1 Clown. Is she to be buried in Christian burial when she wilfully seeks her own salvation?
2 Clown. I tell thee she is; and therefore make her grave straight: the crowner hath sat on her, and finds it Christian burial.
1 Clown. How can that be, unless she drowned herself in her own defence?
2 Clown. Why, 'tis found so.
1 Clown. It must be se offendendo; it cannot be else. For here lies the point: if I drown myself wittingly, it argues an act: and an act hath three branches; it is to act, to do, and to perform: argal, she drowned herself wittingly.
2 Clown. Nay, but hear you, goodman delver,—
1 Clown. Give me leave. Here lies the water; good: here stands the man; good: if the man go to this water and drown himself, it is, will he, nill he, he goes,—mark you that: but if the water come to him and drown him, he drowns not himself; argal, he that is not guilty of his own death shortens not his own life.
2 Clown. But is this law?
1 Clown. Ay, marry, is't—crowner's quest law.
2 Clown. Will you ha' the truth on't? If this had not been a gentlewoman, she should have been buried out o' Christian burial.
1 Clown. Why, there thou say'st: and the more pity that great folk should have countenance in this world to drown or hang themselves more than their even Christian.—Come, my spade. There is no ancient gentlemen but gardeners, ditchers, and grave-makers: they hold up Adam's profession.
2 Clown. Was he a gentleman?
1 Clown. He was the first that ever bore arms.
2 Clown. Why, he had none.
1 Clown. What, art a heathen? How dost thou understand the Scripture? The Scripture says Adam digg'd: could he dig without arms? I'll put another question to thee: if thou answerest me not to the purpose, confess thyself,—
2 Clown. Go to.
1 Clown. What is he that builds stronger than either the mason, the shipwright, or the carpenter?
2 Clown. The gallows-maker; for that frame outlives a thousand tenants.
1 Clown. I like thy wit well, in good faith: the gallows does well; but how does it well? it does well to those that do ill: now, thou dost ill to say the gallows is built stronger than the church; argal, the gallows may do well to thee. To't again, come.
2 Clown. Who builds stronger than a mason, a shipwright, or a carpenter?
1 Clown. Ay, tell me that, and unyoke.
2 Clown. Marry, now I can tell.
1 Clown. To't.
2 Clown. Mass, I cannot tell.
[Enter Hamlet and Horatio, at a distance.]
1 Clown.  Go, get thee to Yaughan; fetch me a stoup of liquor.
[Exit Second Clown.]
[Digs and sings.]
In youth when I did love, did love,
Methought it was very sweet;
To contract, O, the time for, ah, my behove,
O, methought there was nothing meet.
Ham. Has this fellow no feeling of his business, that he sings at grave-making?
Hor.
Custom hath made it in him a property of easiness.
Ham. 'Tis e'en so: the hand of little employment hath the daintier sense.
1 Clown.
[Sings.]
But age, with his stealing steps,
Hath claw'd me in his clutch,
And hath shipp'd me into the land,
As if I had never been such.
[Throws up a skull.]
Ham. That skull had a tongue in it, and could sing once: how the knave jowls it to the ground,as if 'twere Cain's jawbone, that did the first murder!
Hor.
It might, my lord.
Ham. Or of a courtier, which could say 'Good morrow, sweet lord! How dost thou, good lord?' This might be my lord such-a-one, that praised my lord such-a-one's horse when he meant to beg it,—might it not?
Hor.
Ay, my lord.
Ham. Why, e'en so: and now my Lady Worm's; chapless, and knocked about the mazard with a sexton's spade: here's fine revolution, an we had the trick to see't. Did these bones cost no more the breeding but to play at loggets with 'em? mine ache to think on't.
1 Clown.
[Sings.]
A pickaxe and a spade, a spade,
For and a shrouding sheet;
O, a pit of clay for to be made
For such a guest is meet.
[Throws up another skull].
Ham. There's another: why may not that be the skull of a lawyer?  Hum! This fellow might be in's time a great buyer of land, with his statutes, his recognizances, his fines, his double vouchers, his recoveries: is this the fine of his fines, and the recovery of his recoveries, to have his fine pate full of fine dirt? will his vouchers vouch him no more of his purchases, and double ones too, than the length and breadth of a pair of indentures? The very conveyances of his lands will scarcely lie in this box; and must the inheritor himself have no more, ha?
Hor.
Not a jot more, my lord.
Ham.
Is not parchment made of sheep-skins?
Hor.
Ay, my lord, And of calf-skins too.
Ham. They are sheep and calves which seek out assurance in that. I will speak to this fellow.—Whose grave's this, sir?
1 Clown.
Mine, sir.
[Sings.]
O, a pit of clay for to be made
For such a guest is meet.
Ham.
I think it be thine indeed, for thou liest in't.
1 Clown.
 'Tis a quick lie, sir; 't will away again from me to you.
Ham.
What man dost thou dig it for?
1 Clown. For no man, sir.
Ham.
What woman then?
1 Clown. For none neither.
Ham.
Who is to be buried in't?
1 Clown. One that was a woman, sir; but, rest her soul, she's dead.
Ham.  We must speak by the card, or equivocation will undo us. By the Lord, Horatio, these three years I have taken note of it, the age is grown so picked that the toe of the peasant comes so near the heel of the courtier he galls his kibe.—How long hast thou been a grave-maker?
1 Clown. Of all the days i' the year, I came to't that day that our last King Hamlet overcame Fortinbras.
Ham.
How long is that since?
1 Clown. Cannot you tell that? every fool can tell that: it was the very day that young Hamlet was born,—he that is mad, and sent into England.
Ham.
Ay, marry, why was be sent into England?
1 Clown. Why, because he was mad: he shall recover his wits there; or, if he do not, it's no great matter there.
Ham.
Why?
1 Clown. 'Twill not he seen in him there; there the men are as mad as he.
Ham.
How came he mad?
1 Clown. Very strangely, they say.
Ham.
How strangely?
1 Clown. Faith, e'en with losing his wits.
Ham.
Upon what ground?
1 Clown. Why, here in Denmark: I have been sexton here, man and boy, thirty years.
Ham.
How long will a man lie i' the earth ere he rot?
1 Clown. Faith, if he be not rotten before he die,—as we have many pocky corses now-a-days that will scarce hold the laying in,—he will last you some eight year or nine year: a tanner will last you nine year.
Ham.
Why he more than another?
1 Clown.  Here's a skull now; this skull hath lain in the earth three-and-twenty years.
Ham.
Whose was it?
1 Clown. A whoreson, mad fellow's it was: whose do you think it was?
Ham.
Nay, I know not.
1 Clown.
A pestilence on him for a mad rogue! 'a pour'd a flagon of
Rhenish on my head once. This same skull, sir, was Yorick's
skull, the king's jester.
Ham.
This?
1 Clown. E'en that.
Ham. Let me see. [Takes the skull.] Alas, poor Yorick!—I knew him, Horatio; a fellow of infinite jest, of most excellent fancy: he hath borne me on his back a thousand times; and now, how abhorred in my imagination it is! my gorge rises at it. Here hung those lips that I have kiss'd I know not how oft. Where be your gibes now? your gambols? your songs? your flashes of merriment, that were wont to set the table on a roar? Not one now, to mock your own grinning? quite chap-fallen? Now, get you to my lady's chamber, and tell her, let her paint an inch thick, to this favour she must come; make her laugh at that.—Pr'ythee, Horatio, tell me one thing.
Hor.
What's that, my lord?
Ham.
Dost thou think Alexander looked o' this fashion i' the earth?
Hor.
E'en so.
Ham.
And smelt so? Pah!
[Throws down the skull.]
Hor.
E'en so, my lord.
Ham. To what base uses we may return, Horatio! Why may not imagination trace the noble dust of Alexander till he find it stopping a bung-hole?
Hor.
'Twere to consider too curiously to consider so.
Ham. No, faith, not a jot; but to follow him thither with modesty enough, and likelihood to lead it: as thus: Alexander died, Alexander was buried, Alexander returneth into dust; the dust is earth; of earth we make loam; and why of that loam whereto he was converted might they not stop a beer-barrel? Imperious Caesar, dead and turn'd to clay, Might stop a hole to keep the wind away. O, that that earth which kept the world in awe Should patch a wall to expel the winter's flaw! But soft! but soft! aside!—Here comes the king.
[Enter priests, &c, in procession; the corpse of Ophelia,
Laertes, and Mourners following; King, Queen, their Trains, &c.]
The queen, the courtiers: who is that they follow?
And with such maimed rites? This doth betoken
The corse they follow did with desperate hand
Fordo it own life: 'twas of some estate.
Couch we awhile and mark.
[Retiring with Horatio.]
Laer.
What ceremony else?
Ham.
That is Laertes,
A very noble youth: mark.
Laer.
What ceremony else?
1 Priest.
Her obsequies have been as far enlarg'd
As we have warranties: her death was doubtful;
And, but that great command o'ersways the order,
She should in ground unsanctified have lodg'd
Till the last trumpet; for charitable prayers,
Shards, flints, and pebbles should be thrown on her,
Yet here she is allowed her virgin rites,
Her maiden strewments, and the bringing home
Of bell and burial.
Laer.
Must there no more be done?
1 Priest.
No more be done;
We should profane the service of the dead
To sing a requiem and such rest to her
As to peace-parted souls.
Laer.
Lay her i' the earth;—
And from her fair and unpolluted flesh
May violets spring!—I tell thee, churlish priest,
A ministering angel shall my sister be
When thou liest howling.
Ham.
What, the fair Ophelia?
Queen.
Sweets to the sweet: farewell.
[Scattering flowers.]
I hop'd thou shouldst have been my Hamlet's wife;
I thought thy bride-bed to have deck'd, sweet maid,
And not have strew'd thy grave.
Laer.
O, treble woe
Fall ten times treble on that cursed head
Whose wicked deed thy most ingenious sense
Depriv'd thee of!—Hold off the earth awhile,
Till I have caught her once more in mine arms:
[Leaps into the grave.]
Now pile your dust upon the quick and dead,
Till of this flat a mountain you have made,
To o'ertop old Pelion or the skyish head
Of blue Olympus.
Ham.
[Advancing.]
What is he whose grief
Bears such an emphasis? whose phrase of sorrow
Conjures the wandering stars, and makes them stand
Like wonder-wounded hearers? this is I,
Hamlet the Dane.
[Leaps into the grave.]
Laer.
The devil take thy soul!
[Grappling with him.]
Ham.
Thou pray'st not well.
I pr'ythee, take thy fingers from my throat;
For, though I am not splenetive and rash,
Yet have I in me something dangerous,
Which let thy wiseness fear: away thy hand!
King.
Pluck them asunder.
Queen.
Hamlet! Hamlet!
All.
Gentlemen!—
Hor.
Good my lord, be quiet.
[The Attendants part them, and they come out of the grave.]
Ham.
Why, I will fight with him upon this theme
Until my eyelids will no longer wag.
Queen.
O my son, what theme?
Ham.
I lov'd Ophelia; forty thousand brothers
Could not, with all their quantity of love,
Make up my sum.—What wilt thou do for her?
King.
O, he is mad, Laertes.
Queen.
For love of God, forbear him!
Ham.
'Swounds, show me what thou'lt do:
Woul't weep? woul't fight? woul't fast? woul't tear thyself?
Woul't drink up eisel? eat a crocodile?
I'll do't.—Dost thou come here to whine?
To outface me with leaping in her grave?
Be buried quick with her, and so will I:
And, if thou prate of mountains, let them throw
Millions of acres on us, till our ground,
Singeing his pate against the burning zone,
Make Ossa like a wart! Nay, an thou'lt mouth,
I'll rant as well as thou.
Queen.
This is mere madness:
And thus a while the fit will work on him;
Anon, as patient as the female dove,
When that her golden couplets are disclos'd,
His silence will sit drooping.
Ham.
Hear you, sir;
What is the reason that you use me thus?
I lov'd you ever: but it is no matter;
Let Hercules himself do what he may,
The cat will mew, and dog will have his day.
[Exit.]
King.
I pray thee, good Horatio, wait upon him.—
[Exit Horatio.]
[To Laertes]
Strengthen your patience in our last night's speech;
We'll put the matter to the present push.—
Good Gertrude, set some watch over your son.—
This grave shall have a living monument:
An hour of quiet shortly shall we see;
Till then in patience our proceeding be.
[Exeunt.]
[Enter Hamlet and Horatio.]
Ham.
So much for this, sir: now let me see the other;
You do remember all the circumstance?
Hor.
Remember it, my lord!
Ham.
Sir, in my heart there was a kind of fighting
That would not let me sleep: methought I lay
Worse than the mutinies in the bilboes. Rashly,
And prais'd be rashness for it,—let us know,
Our indiscretion sometime serves us well,
When our deep plots do fail; and that should teach us
There's a divinity that shapes our ends,
Rough-hew them how we will.
Hor.
That is most certain.
Ham.
Up from my cabin,
My sea-gown scarf'd about me, in the dark
Grop'd I to find out them: had my desire;
Finger'd their packet; and, in fine, withdrew
To mine own room again: making so bold,
My fears forgetting manners, to unseal
Their grand commission; where I found, Horatio,
O royal knavery! an exact command,—
Larded with many several sorts of reasons,
Importing Denmark's health, and England's too,
With, ho! such bugs and goblins in my life,—
That, on the supervise, no leisure bated,
No, not to stay the grinding of the axe,
My head should be struck off.
Hor.
Is't possible?
Ham.
Here's the commission: read it at more leisure.
But wilt thou bear me how I did proceed?
Hor.
I beseech you.
Ham.
Being thus benetted round with villanies,—
Or I could make a prologue to my brains,
They had begun the play,—I sat me down;
Devis'd a new commission; wrote it fair:
I once did hold it, as our statists do,
A baseness to write fair, and labour'd much
How to forget that learning; but, sir, now
It did me yeoman's service. Wilt thou know
The effect of what I wrote?
Hor.
Ay, good my lord.
Ham.
An earnest conjuration from the king,—
As England was his faithful tributary;
As love between them like the palm might flourish;
As peace should still her wheaten garland wear
And stand a comma 'tween their amities;
And many such-like as's of great charge,—
That, on the view and know of these contents,
Without debatement further, more or less,
He should the bearers put to sudden death,
Not shriving-time allow'd.
Hor.
How was this seal'd?
Ham.
Why, even in that was heaven ordinant.
I had my father's signet in my purse,
Which was the model of that Danish seal:
Folded the writ up in the form of the other;
Subscrib'd it: gave't the impression; plac'd it safely,
The changeling never known. Now, the next day
Was our sea-fight; and what to this was sequent
Thou know'st already.
Hor.
So Guildenstern and Rosencrantz go to't.
Ham.
Why, man, they did make love to this employment;
They are not near my conscience; their defeat
Does by their own insinuation grow:
'Tis dangerous when the baser nature comes
Between the pass and fell incensed points
Of mighty opposites.
Hor.
Why, what a king is this!
Ham.
Does it not, thinks't thee, stand me now upon,—
He that hath kill'd my king, and whor'd my mother;
Popp'd in between the election and my hopes;
Thrown out his angle for my proper life,
And with such cozenage—is't not perfect conscience
To quit him with this arm? and is't not to be damn'd
To let this canker of our nature come
In further evil?
Hor.
It must be shortly known to him from England
What is the issue of the business there.
Ham.
It will be short: the interim is mine;
And a man's life is no more than to say One.
But I am very sorry, good Horatio,
That to Laertes I forgot myself;
For by the image of my cause I see
The portraiture of his: I'll court his favours:
But, sure, the bravery of his grief did put me
Into a towering passion.
Hor.
Peace; who comes here?
[Enter Osric.]
Osr.
Your lordship is right welcome back to Denmark.
Ham.
I humbly thank you, sir. Dost know this water-fly?
Hor.
No, my good lord.
Ham. Thy state is the more gracious; for 'tis a vice to know him. He hath much land, and fertile: let a beast be lord of beasts, and his crib shall stand at the king's mess; 'tis a chough; but, as I say, spacious in the possession of dirt.
Osr. Sweet lord, if your lordship were at leisure, I should impart a thing to you from his majesty.
Ham. I will receive it with all diligence of spirit. Put your bonnet to his right use; 'tis for the head.
Osr.
I thank your lordship, t'is very hot.
Ham.
No, believe me, 'tis very cold; the wind is northerly.
Osr.
It is indifferent cold, my lord, indeed.
Ham.
Methinks it is very sultry and hot for my complexion.
Osr. Exceedingly, my lord; it is very sultry,—as 'twere—I cannot tell how. But, my lord, his majesty bade me signify to you that he has laid a great wager on your head. Sir, this is the matter,—
Ham.
I beseech you, remember,—
[Hamlet moves him to put on his hat.]
Osr. Nay, in good faith; for mine ease, in good faith. Sir, here is newly come to court Laertes; believe me, an absolute gentleman, full of most excellent differences, of very soft society and great showing: indeed, to speak feelingly of him, he is the card or calendar of gentry; for you shall find in him the continent of what part a gentleman would see.
Ham. Sir, his definement suffers no perdition in you;—though, I know, to divide him inventorially would dizzy the arithmetic of memory, and yet but yaw neither, in respect of his quick sail. But, in the verity of extolment, I take him to be a soul of great article, and his infusion of such dearth and rareness as, to make true diction of him, his semblable is his mirror, and who else would trace him, his umbrage, nothing more.
Osr.
Your lordship speaks most infallibly of him.
Ham. The concernancy, sir? why do we wrap the gentleman in our more rawer breath?
Osr.
Sir?
Hor. Is't not possible to understand in another tongue? You will do't, sir, really.
Ham.
What imports the nomination of this gentleman?
Osr.
Of Laertes?
Hor.
His purse is empty already; all's golden words are spent.
Ham.
Of him, sir.
Osr.
I know, you are not ignorant,—
Ham. I would you did, sir; yet, in faith, if you did, it would not much approve me.—Well, sir.
Osr.
 I dare not confess that, lest I should compare with him in excellence; but to know a man well were to know himself.
Osr. I mean, sir, for his weapon; but in the imputation laid on him by them, in his meed he's unfellowed.
Ham.
What's his weapon?
Osr.
Rapier and dagger.
Ham.
That's two of his weapons:—but well.
Osr. The king, sir, hath wager'd with him six Barbary horses: against the which he has imponed, as I take it, six French rapiers and poniards, with their assigns, as girdle, hangers, and so: three of the carriages, in faith, are very dear to fancy, very responsive to the hilts, most delicate carriages, and of very liberal conceit.
Ham.
What call you the carriages?
Hor.
I knew you must be edified by the margent ere you had done.
Osr.
The carriages, sir, are the hangers.
Ham. The phrase would be more german to the matter if we could carry cannon by our sides. I would it might be hangers till then. But, on: six Barbary horses against six French swords, their assigns, and three liberal conceited carriages: that's the French bet against the Danish: why is this all imponed, as you call it?
Osr. The king, sir, hath laid that, in a dozen passes between your and him, he shall not exceed you three hits: he hath laid on twelve for nine; and it would come to immediate trial if your lordship would vouchsafe the answer.
Ham.
How if I answer no?
Osr.

Ham. Sir, I will walk here in the hall: if it please his majesty, it is the breathing time of day with me: let the foils be brought, the gentleman willing, and the king hold his purpose, I will win for him if I can; if not, I will gain nothing but my shame and the odd hits.
Osr.
Shall I re-deliver you e'en so?
Ham.
To this effect, sir; after what flourish your nature will.
Osr.
I commend my duty to your lordship.
Ham.
Yours, yours.
[Exit Osric.]
He does well to commend it himself; there are no tongues else for's turn.
Hor.
This lapwing runs away with the shell on his head.
Ham. He did comply with his dug before he suck'd it. Thus has he,—and many more of the same bevy that I know the drossy age dotes on,— only got the tune of the time and outward habit of encounter; a kind of yesty collection, which carries them through and through the most fanned and winnowed opinions; and do but blow them to their trial, the bubbles are out,
[Enter a Lord.]
Lord. My lord, his majesty commended him to you by young Osric, who brings back to him that you attend him in the hall: he sends to know if your pleasure hold to play with Laertes, or that you will take longer time.
Ham.
I am constant to my purposes; they follow the king's pleasure:
if his fitness speaks, mine is ready; now or whensoever, provided
I be so able as now.
Lord.
The King and Queen and all are coming down.
Ham.
In happy time.
Lord.
The queen desires you to use some gentle entertainment to
Laertes before you fall to play.
Ham.
She well instructs me.
[Exit Lord.]
Hor.
You will lose this wager, my lord.
Ham. I do not think so; since he went into France I have been in continual practice: I shall win at the odds. But thou wouldst not think how ill all's here about my heart: but it is no matter.
Hor.
Nay, good my lord,—
Ham. It is but foolery; but it is such a kind of gain-giving as would perhaps trouble a woman.
Hor. If your mind dislike anything, obey it: I will forestall their repair hither, and say you are not fit.
Ham. Not a whit, we defy augury: there's a special providence in the fall of a sparrow. If it be now, 'tis not to come; if it be not to come, it will be now; if it be not now, yet it will come: the readiness is all: since no man has aught of what he leaves, what is't to leave betimes?
[Enter King, Queen, Laertes, Lords, Osric, and Attendants with foils &c.]
King.
Come, Hamlet, come, and take this hand from me.
[The King puts Laertes' hand into Hamlet's.]
Ham.

This presence knows, and you must needs have heard,
How I am punish'd with sore distraction.
What I have done
That might your nature, honour, and exception
Roughly awake, I here proclaim was madness.
Was't Hamlet wrong'd Laertes? Never Hamlet:
If Hamlet from himself be ta'en away,
And when he's not himself does wrong Laertes,
Then Hamlet does it not, Hamlet denies it.
Who does it, then? His madness: if't be so,
Hamlet is of the faction that is wrong'd;
His madness is poor Hamlet's enemy.
Sir, in this audience,
Let my disclaiming from a purpos'd evil
Free me so far in your most generous thoughts
That I have shot my arrow o'er the house
And hurt my brother.
Laer.
I am satisfied in nature,
Whose motive, in this case, should stir me most
To my revenge. But in my terms of honour
I stand aloof; and will no reconcilement
Till by some elder masters of known honour
I have a voice and precedent of peace
To keep my name ungor'd. But till that time
I do receive your offer'd love like love,
And will not wrong it.
Ham.
I embrace it freely;
And will this brother's wager frankly play.—
Give us the foils; come on.
Laer.
Come, one for me.
Ham.

Laer.
You mock me, sir.
Ham.
No, by this hand.
King.
Give them the foils, young Osric. Cousin Hamlet,
You know the wager?
Ham.
Very well, my lord;
Your grace has laid the odds o' the weaker side.
King.
I do not fear it; I have seen you both;
But since he's better'd, we have therefore odds.
Laer.
This is too heavy, let me see another.
Ham.
This likes me well. These foils have all a length?
[They prepare to play.]
Osr.
Ay, my good lord.
King.
Set me the stoups of wine upon that table,—
If Hamlet give the first or second hit,
Or quit in answer of the third exchange,
Let all the battlements their ordnance fire;
The king shall drink to Hamlet's better breath;
And in the cup an union shall he throw,
Richer than that which four successive kings
In Denmark's crown have worn. Give me the cups;
And let the kettle to the trumpet speak,
The trumpet to the cannoneer without,
The cannons to the heavens, the heavens to earth,
'Now the king drinks to Hamlet.'—Come, begin:—
And you, the judges, bear a wary eye.
Ham.
Come on, sir.
Laer.
Come, my lord.
[They play.]
Ham.
One.
Laer.
No.
Ham.
Judgment!
Osr.
A hit, a very palpable hit.
Laer.
Well;—again.
King.
Stay, give me drink.—Hamlet, this pearl is thine;
Here's to thy health.—
[Trumpets sound, and cannon shot off within.]
Give him the cup.
Ham.
I'll play this bout first; set it by awhile.—
Come.—Another hit; what say you?
[They play.]
Laer.
A touch, a touch, I do confess.
King.
Our son shall win.
Queen.
He's fat, and scant of breath.—
Here, Hamlet, take my napkin, rub thy brows:
The queen carouses to thy fortune, Hamlet.
Ham.
Good madam!
King.
Gertrude, do not drink.
Queen.
I will, my lord; I pray you pardon me.
King.
[Aside.] It is the poison'd cup; it is too late.
Ham.
I dare not drink yet, madam; by-and-by.
Queen.
Come, let me wipe thy face.
Laer.
My lord, I'll hit him now.
King.
I do not think't.
Laer.
[Aside.] And yet 'tis almost 'gainst my conscience.
Ham.
Come, for the third, Laertes: you but dally;
I pray you pass with your best violence:
I am afeard you make a wanton of me.
Laer.
Say you so? come on.
[They play.]
Osr.
Nothing, neither way.
Laer.
Have at you now!
[Laertes wounds Hamlet; then, in scuffling, they change rapiers, and Hamlet wounds Laertes.]
King.
Part them; they are incens'd.
Ham.
Nay, come again!
[The Queen falls.]
Osr.
Look to the queen there, ho!
Hor.
They bleed on both sides.—How is it, my lord?
Osr.
How is't, Laertes?
Laer.
Why, as a woodcock to my own springe, Osric;
I am justly kill'd with mine own treachery.
Ham.
How does the Queen?
King.
She swoons to see them bleed.
Queen.
No, no! the drink, the drink!—O my dear Hamlet!—
The drink, the drink!—I am poison'd.
[Dies.]
Ham.
O villany!—Ho! let the door be lock'd:
Treachery! seek it out.
[Laertes falls.]
Laer.
It is here, Hamlet: Hamlet, thou art slain;
No medicine in the world can do thee good;
In thee there is not half an hour of life;
The treacherous instrument is in thy hand,
Unbated and envenom'd: the foul practice
Hath turn'd itself on me; lo, here I lie,
Never to rise again: thy mother's poison'd:
I can no more:—the king, the king's to blame.
Ham.
The point envenom'd too!—
Then, venom, to thy work.
[Stabs the King.]
Osric and Lords.
Treason! treason!
King.
O, yet defend me, friends! I am but hurt.
Ham.
Here, thou incestuous, murderous, damned Dane,
Drink off this potion.—Is thy union here?
Follow my mother.
[King dies.]
Laer.
He is justly serv'd;
It is a poison temper'd by himself.—
Exchange forgiveness with me, noble Hamlet:
Mine and my father's death come not upon thee,
Nor thine on me!
[Dies.]
Ham.
Heaven make thee free of it! I follow thee.—
I am dead, Horatio.—Wretched queen, adieu!—
You that look pale and tremble at this chance,
That are but mutes or audience to this act,
Had I but time,—as this fell sergeant, death,
Is strict in his arrest,—O, I could tell you,—
But let it be.—Horatio, I am dead;
Thou liv'st; report me and my cause aright
To the unsatisfied.
Hor.
Never believe it:
I am more an antique Roman than a Dane.—
Here's yet some liquor left.
Ham.
As thou'rt a man,
Give me the cup; let go; by heaven, I'll have't.—
O good Horatio, what a wounded name,
Things standing thus unknown, shall live behind me!
If thou didst ever hold me in thy heart,
Absent thee from felicity awhile,
And in this harsh world draw thy breath in pain,
To tell my story.—
[March afar off, and shot within.]
What warlike noise is this?
Osr.
Young Fortinbras, with conquest come from Poland,
To the ambassadors of England gives
This warlike volley.
Ham.
O, I die, Horatio;
The potent poison quite o'er-crows my spirit:
I cannot live to hear the news from England;
But I do prophesy the election lights
On Fortinbras: he has my dying voice;
So tell him, with the occurrents, more and less,
Which have solicited.—the rest is silence.
[Dies.]
Hor.
Now cracks a noble heart.—Good night, sweet prince,
And flights of angels sing thee to thy rest!
Why does the drum come hither?
[March within.]
[Enter Fortinbras, the English Ambassadors, and others.]
Fort.
Where is this sight?
Hor.
What is it you will see?
If aught of woe or wonder, cease your search.
Fort.
This quarry cries on havoc.—O proud death,
What feast is toward in thine eternal cell,
That thou so many princes at a shot
So bloodily hast struck?
1 Ambassador.
The sight is dismal;
And our affairs from England come too late:
The ears are senseless that should give us hearing,
To tell him his commandment is fulfill'd
That Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are dead:
Where should we have our thanks?
Hor.
Not from his mouth,
Had it the ability of life to thank you:
He never gave commandment for their death.

Fort.
Let us haste to hear it,
And call the noblest to the audience.
For me, with sorrow I embrace my fortune:
I have some rights of memory in this kingdom,
Which now, to claim my vantage doth invite me.
Hor.
Of that I shall have also cause to speak,
And from his mouth whose voice will draw on more:
But let this same be presently perform'd,
Even while men's minds are wild: lest more mischance
On plots and errors happen.
Fort.
Let four captains
Bear Hamlet like a soldier to the stage;
For he was likely, had he been put on,
To have prov'd most royally: and, for his passage,
The soldiers' music and the rites of war
Speak loudly for him.—
Take up the bodies.—Such a sight as this
Becomes the field, but here shows much amiss.
Go, bid the soldiers shoot.


Camlistore version 8f1a7df176 built with Go 1.8.
The previous release introduced the Sharing feature in the web UI, but it was limited to sharing one item at a time. This release now allows sharing of multiple items. Upon sharing, if several items (file or directory permanodes) are selected, a directory schema is created, and all the selected items become members of that directory. The directory is then the item being shared (transitively).
The Camlistore launcher for Google Cloud was also improved: it can now create a Google Project, and configure it (enable the required Google Cloud APIs), on behalf of the user. After the project is created, the user still has to enable billing for the project before they can proceed with the launch.
3 total committers over 26 commits since 9e34d14ef5f240f35bd88d71495da0f6cbf99600 including Attila Tajti, mpl, nico.
Thank you!


Hello, my name is zahra Elhamraoui, 22 years old Moroccan girl.
I am an optimistic,super curious and creative person who is always ready to reveal challenges and learn new things.
I have always had this deep admiration for science with my high school diploma in experimental physics and my bachelor's degree in applied mathematics and computer science in addition to a master's degree in bioinformatics and medical computer science.
I believe that I have the skills required to solve problems related to our daily life.
I am currently very curious about machine learning and I have dedicated 2020 only to learning the tools of machine learning.
In 10 years I see myself as a great data scientist who just got her phd thesis since I would be working on having a career at least for the upcoming 5 years, and as a full-time volunteer, I plan to start my journey with volunteering next year 2021 after I graduate.
I am self-learning artificial intelligence, so I work on personal projects where I aim to learn new tools like classification of breast cancer or Survival Analysis using the basic algorithms of machine learning, one of my objectifs for 2020 is to work on a high level project using machine learning.
I believe a successful person is a hard working person, and we only live once so let's try as much as we can.


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The following are projects I worked on as part of the Metis Data Science Bootcamp.


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The date that this user's pack was initially purchased
purchasedDate - The date that this user's pack was initially purchased
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Carpet Plots
Why Carpet Plots?¶
A typical scatter plot allows you to compare the impact of one independent variable (x-axis) on one dependent variable (y-axis). Carpet plots facilitate trade studies between more than one independent variable.
Example Data¶
Imagine you need to deliver a number of items and want to know how much gas for the trip will cost. Total fuel cost is a function of the number of stops on the route. Let's import the required libraries and generate an example dataset.
%matplotlib inline
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import plotly
# Generate data with one independent variable (stops)
stops = np.arange(1, 11, 1)
dist = 5
cost = stops * dist * 3 / 30 # $3.00/gal and 30 mpg
cost
plt.plot(stops,cost)
plt.xlabel('Stops')
plt.ylabel('Fuel Cost ($)')
plt.style.use('seaborn-ticks')
Now let's say we want to determine the total fuel cost as a function of two independent variables: (1) the number of stops on the route, and (2) the average distance between stops. For a range of numbers of stops and distances between stops, we can calculate each respective total fuel cost.
# Generate data with two independent variables (stops, distance)
stops = np.arange(1, 11, 1)
dist = np.arange(10, 41, 5)
stops, dist = np.meshgrid(stops, dist)
cost = (stops * dist * 3 / 30)
cost.shape
We have a few options to illustrate the relationship of these two independent variables:
Multiple Line Plots¶
First we can plot multiple lines, each representing one value of the second independent variable. For a simple dataset this might work, but it is difficult to visualize the trade-space in this manner especially with more complex datasets.
for i in [0,1,2,3,4]:
plt.plot(stops[i:][1],cost[i:][1], label='Dist = {} mi'.format(dist[:,0][i]))
plt.xlabel('Stops')
plt.ylabel('Fuel Cost ($)')
handles, labels = plt.gca().get_legend_handles_labels()
plt.gca().legend(handles, labels)
plt.style.use('seaborn-ticks')
We could also separate each of these lines into separate subplots, but there again we find difficulty making quick comparisons between each independent variable.
3D Surface Plot¶
We can get fancy and generate a 3D surface plot of our data. While pretty, this is even more difficult to read in a useful way if we are trading the two independent variables in an effort to converge on the dependent variable. At 17 stops and 24 miles between stops, how much will fuel cost? It's not easy to determine from this plot.
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
plt.xlabel('Stops')
plt.ylabel('Distance')
ax.plot_wireframe(stops, dist, cost, rstride=1, cstride=1)
Enter the Carpet Plot¶
The advantage of carpet plots is the ability to quickly visualize the relative impact of the two independent variables. This can be especially helpful when doing a trade study where multiple variables are in play.
Data preparation using pd.melt()
¶
Pandas has a number of helpful data reshaping methods, and this exercise presents the opportunity to use pd.melt()
.
Our starting dataset is an array with the index of one axis representing the first independent variable values (stops
), and the index of the other axis representing the second independent variable values (dist
). The values in the array represent our dependent variable (cost
). You can think of this as the output of an Excel data table, which may at times in fact be the data source.
Plotly takes a list of each variable to plot a carpet plot, so we use pd.melt()
to tidy this data and then convert to lists.
Plotting with Plotly¶
Now that we have a tidy dataset in a list for each variable, we can plot using Plotly. Why Plotly? I have avoided Plotly in the past due to the confusing process of making an account and putting your plots online. But using Plotly's carpet plot example and some information from Stackoverflow, I was able to get it to work without the online authentication, which is just fine for a static chart. I would still prefer to use matplotlib, and may tackle that later. For now, here's the code to generate the Plotly carpet plot. Note that when running this, Plotly will generate a HTML file which then presents a prompt to save a .jpeg of your chart.
import plotly.graph_objs as go
from plotly.graph_objs import Layout,Scatter
trace1 = go.Carpet(
a = stops,
b = dist,
y = cost,
aaxis = dict(
tickprefix = '',
ticksuffix = ' stops',
smoothing = 1,
minorgridcount = 9
),
baxis = dict(
tickprefix = 'Dist = ',
ticksuffix = ' mi.',
smoothing = 1,
minorgridcount = 9
)
)
plotly.offline.plot({
"data": [trace1],
"layout": Layout(title="Carpet Plot Example",
font=dict(family='Arial, sans-serif',
size=18,
color='rgb(0,0,0)'),
yaxis=dict(
title='Total Fuel Cost ($)',
titlefont=dict(
family='Arial, sans-serif',
size=18
),
showticklabels=True
),
margin=go.Margin(
l=100,
r=50)
)
},filename='Carpet.html',image='jpeg')
Great, a carpet plot! Now we can pick any combination of number of stops and distance between stops and easily determine the total fuel cost for the trip.


WTL, the Windows Template Library, is an efficient C++ template based system to provide efficient access to Win32 API functionality.
WTL can be used as a modern replacement for MFC.


Ionic PushApps sample
Register device
Unregister device
Status:
{{status.text}}
PushToken:
{{status.pushToken}}
DeviceId:
{{status.deviceId}}
Click register device in order to receive push notifications.


| Gas Network | 1.000% |
| Pipeline access in KMs | |
| within 1 | 100% |
| 2-5 | 75% |
| 5-10 | 50% |
| 10-15 | 25% |
| above 15 | 0% |
| Electricity Network | 1.0000% |
| Elecricity Grid distance in KMs | |
| within 1 | 100% |
| 2-5 | 75% |
| 5-10 | 50% |
| 10-15 | 25% |
| above 15 | 0% |
| Water Supply | 1.0000% |
| Water Supply network/or Surface water | |
| within 1 | 100% |
| 2-5 | 75% |
| 5-10 | 50% |
| 10-15 | 25% |
| above 15 | 0% |
| Sewerage Facility | 2.0000% |
| Drainages/Sanitation access in KMs | |
| within 1 | 100% |
| 2-5 | 75% |
| 5-10 | 50% |
| 10-15 | 25% |
| above 15 | 0% |
| Electricity Supply Quality | 2.0000% |
| Load shedding frequency | |
| No Loadshedding | 100% |
| rare trippings | 75% |
| Occasional LS | 50% |
| Frequent LS | 25% |
| Heavy LS | 0% |
| Gas Supply Quality | 1.0000% |
| Gas supply disconnection | |
| No curtailment | 100% |
| rare pressure issue | 75% |
| Seasonal disruptions | 50% |
| Occasional disruptions | 25% |
| Regular Intreptions | 0% |
| Ground Water Quality | 1.5000% |
| Ground water access & quality | |
| Very Good | 100% |
| Good | 75% |
| Not Good | 50% |
| Not Useable | 25% |
| Not extractable | 0% |
| Fuel Station | 0.5000% |
| Filling station distance in KMs | |
| within 5 | 100% |
| 5-10 | 75% |
| 10-20 | 50% |
| 20-30 | 25% |
| above 30 | 0% |
| Total Utilities Weight | 10% |


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Is Maya returning to Emmerdale and who is the father of her baby?
Emmerdale viewers had a shock last night when they learned that paedophile Maya Stepney (Louisa Clein) is pregnant.
Tuesday night’s episode of the soap saw Maya released from prison after serving half her sentence, following her grooming and sexual abuse of teenager Jacob Gallagher (Joe Warren-Plant).
However the character was seen sporting a noticeable baby bump as she left prison and headed off.
So just who is the father of her baby – and could this mark a return to Emmerdale for the character?
Here’s what you need to know…
Who is the father of Maya’s baby in Emmerdale?
As it stands we don’t know who the father of Maya’s baby is.
While the character was having a sexual relationship with Jacob, she was also having a relationship with his dad David Metcalfe (Matthew Wolfenden).
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So either one of them could feasibly be Maya’s babyfather.
The shock pregnancy was revealed as Jacob learned from David and Leyla (Roxi Shahidi) that Maya was due for release – and initially he seemed to brush the news off, claiming he was going out to the cinema with Leanna (Mimi Slinger).
While David and Leyla were pleased that the teenager appeared to be moving on with his life, he later disappeared as he attempted to track Maya down.
He failed to do so, but did attempt to ring her – with viewers seeing Maya deleting Jacob’s number from her phone before walking off, and making it very clear that she’s expecting.
Is Maya returning to Emmerdale?
As it stands Maya is not set to come back, with a spokesperson for the soap telling metro.co.uk: ‘There are no current plans for Maya to return.’
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However Louisa Clein – who took to Twitter in the wake of the reveal – recently explained that she wasn’t ruling it out, adding that there could be more to explore with the character.
‘There’s certainly room for the story to develop,’ she said at the Inside Soap Awards.
‘We purposefully made this story go for a long long time and there will be long long repercussions with Jacob, with David, with all the people she affected in the village, so who knows?’
Emmerdale airs weeknights on ITV at 7pm.
Got a showbiz story?
If you've got a story, video or pictures get in touch with the Metro.co.uk Entertainment team by emailing us<EMAIL_ADDRESS>calling 020 3615 2145 or by visiting our Submit Stuff page - we'd love to hear from you.


|
RAMADDA User Guide
|
<user home>/.ramadda/plugins/somenametemplate.htmlAny plugin file that ends with "template.html" is loaded by RAMADDA as a template.
In the template are a set of properties. You should change the id and name property. There are a number of other macros shown as ${macro} that are used to instantiate a web page. See the above example template for more information.
You can see many examples of templates at the at the SourceForge SVN site.
This file was created from a directory tree:
exampletemplate exampletemplate.html htdocs exampletemplate template.css banner.jpgThe jar file is created with:
mac:jar -Mcvf exampletemplate.jar exampletemplate adding: exampletemplate/(in = 0) (out= 0)(stored 0%) adding: exampletemplate/exampletemplate.html(in = 1406) (out= 595)(deflated 57%) adding: exampletemplate/htdocs/(in = 0) (out= 0)(stored 0%) adding: exampletemplate/htdocs/exampletemplate/(in = 0) (out= 0)(stored 0%) adding: exampletemplate/htdocs/exampletemplate/banner.jpg(in = 55020) (out= 52006)(deflated 5%) adding: exampletemplate/htdocs/exampletemplate/template.css(in = 3680) (out= 1139)(deflated 69%)Note: if you don't have jar installed (it is part of the Java release) then you can just zip the file and call it something.jar.
The template.css and banner.jpg files are in a directory (exampletemplate) under the htdocs directory so they can be referenced in the html as:
<link href="${root}/exampletemplate/template.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen">
ramadda.html.template.default=<your template id>You can set this in a plugin .properties file or you can specify this property (and other properties as well) in the Admin->Settings->Site and Contact Information->Extra Properties field.
#default: ramadda.created.display=all #never show it ramadda.created.display=none #only show it for admins ramadda.created.display=admin #only show it for logged in users ramadda.created.display=user