Docker and Docker Compose
Summary
Using Docker and Docker Compose is highly recommended in development, and is also a good solution in production.
- Description
- Prerequisites
- Building a Docker image of your application
- Generating a custom Docker-Compose configuration for multiple applications
- Working with databases
- Elasticsearch
- Sonar
- Keycloak
- Common commands
- Memory Tweaking
Description
Please note: this Docker configuration is used to run your generated application(s) inside a container image. It’s completely different from the Docker setup that JHipster also provides, which is for running the JHipster generator inside a container
JHipster provides a complete Docker support, in order to:
- Facilitate development, as you can start a full infrastructure with a single command, even when using a complex microservices architecture
- For people using Docker Swarm, deploying to production directly, as it uses the same Docker Compose configuration
One great feature of using Docker Compose is that you can scale your containers, using the docker-compose scale
command. This is very interesting if you use JHipster with a microservices architecture.
When generating your application, JHipster generates for you:
- A
Dockerfile
for building a Docker image and running your application inside a container - Several Docker Compose configurations to help you run your application with third-party services, for example a database
Those files are located inside folder src/main/docker/
.
Prerequisites
You have to install Docker and Docker Compose:
Docker now requires creating an account to the docker store to download Docker for Mac and Docker for Windows. To bypass this
If you encounter the error npm ERR! Error: EACCES: permission denied
when installing JHipster UML (or any unbundled package), your container may not have sudo
installed (for instance, sudo isn’t bundled with Ubuntu Xenial).
Solution 1
The NPM documentation recommends not installing any NPM package as root. Follow the official documentation to fix this.
Solution 2
docker container exec -u root -it jhipster bash
,npm install -g YOUR_PACKAGE
,- then exit and log into the container normally:
docker container exec -it jhipster bash
Building and running a Docker image of your application
To build a Docker image of your application using Jib connecting to the local Docker daemon:
- With Maven, type:
./mvnw package -Pprod verify jib:dockerBuild
- With Gradle, type:
./gradlew -Pprod bootJar jibDockerBuild
To build a Docker image of your application without Docker and push it directly into your Docker registry, run:
- With Maven, type:
./mvnw package -Pprod verify jib:build
- With Gradle, type:
./gradlew -Pprod bootJar jib
If this doesn’t work out of the box for you, refer to the Jib documentation for configurations details, specifically regarding how to set up authentication to a Docker registry:
Due to the way Jib works, it will first try to pull the latest version of the base Docker image from the configured Docker registry. This is on purpose as in a CI environment you must ensure that you always build on top of the latest patched base image.
However in a local environment, this might fail your build if jib cannot access the Docker registry. A workaround for this is to use the `--offline` flag and will fix the issue as long as jib has already pulled the base Docker image in its cache.
With Maven, type:
./mvnw -Pprod package verify jib:dockerBuild --offlineWith Gradle, type:
./gradlew -Pprod bootJar jibDockerBuild --offline
Note that jib is currently unable to pull a local Docker image from the Docker daemon. Progress on this issue is tracked at [GoogleContainerTools/jib/issues/1468](https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/jib/issues/1468).
To run this image, use the Docker Compose configuration located in the src/main/docker
folder of your application:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/app.yml up
This command will start up your application and the services it relies on (database, search engine, JHipster Registry…).
If you chose OAuth 2.0 for authentication, be sure to read our Keycloak section on this documentation.
Generating a custom Docker-Compose configuration for multiple applications
If your architecture is composed of several JHipster applications, you can use the specific docker-compose
sub-generator, which will generate a global Docker Compose configuration for all selected applications. This will allow you to deploy and scale your complete architecture with one command.
To use the docker-compose
subgenerator:
- You need to have all your monolith(s), gateway(s) and microservices in the same directory.
- Create another directory, for example
mkdir docker-compose
. - Go into that directory:
cd docker-compose
. - Run the sub-generator:
jhipster docker-compose
. - The sub-generator will ask you which application you want to have in your architecture, and if you want to setup monitoring with ELK or Prometheus.
This will generate a global Docker Compose configuration, type docker-compose up
to run it, and have all your services running at once.
In the case of a microservice architecture, this configuration will also pre-configure a JHipster Registry or Consul, that will configure your services automatically:
- Those services will wait until the JHipster Registry (or Consul) is running to start. This can be configured in your
bootstrap-prod.yml
file using thespring.cloud[.consul].config.fail-fast
andspring.cloud[.consul].config.retry
keys. - The registry will configure your applications, for example it will share the JWT secret token between all services.
- Scaling each service is done using Docker Compose, for example type
docker-compose scale test-app=4
to have 4 instances of application “test” running. Those instances will be automatically load-balanced by the gateway(s), and will automatically join the same Hazelcast cluster (if Hazelcast is your Hibernate 2nd-level cache).
Working with databases
MySQL, MariaDB, PostgreSQL, Oracle, MongoDB, Couchbase, Neo4j or Cassandra
Running docker-compose -f src/main/docker/app.yml up
already starts up your database automatically.
If you only want to start your database, and not the other services, use the Docker Compose configuration of your database:
- With MySQL:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/mysql.yml up
- With MariaDB:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/mariadb.yml up
- With PostgreSQL:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/postgresql.yml up
- With Oracle:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/oracle.yml up
- With MongoDB:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/mongodb.yml up
- With Cassandra:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/cassandra.yml up
- With Couchbase:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/couchbase.yml up
- With Neo4j:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/neo4j.yml up
MongoDB Cluster Mode
If you want to use MongoDB with a replica set or shards and a shared configuration between them, you need to build and set up manually MongoDB images. Follow these steps to do so:
- Build the image:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/mongodb-cluster.yml build
- Run the database:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/mongodb-cluster.yml up -d
- Scale the MongoDB node service (you have to choose an odd number of nodes):
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/mongodb-cluster.yml scale <name_of_your_app>-mongodb-node=<X>
- Init the replica for mongo config server:
docker exec -it <name_of_your_app>-mongodb-config mongo --port 27019 --eval 'rs.initiate();'
- Init the replica set (parameter X is the number of nodes you input in the previous step, folder is the folder where the YML file is located, it’s
docker
by default):docker container exec -it <yml_folder_name>_<name_of_your_app>-mongodb-node_1 mongo --port 27018 --eval 'var param=<X>, folder="<yml_folder_name>"' init_replicaset.js
- Init the shard:
docker container exec -it <yml_folder_name>_<name_of_your_app>-mongodb_1 mongo --eval 'sh.addShard("rs1/<yml_folder_name>_<name_of_your_app>-mongodb-node_1:27018")'
- Build a Docker image of your application:
./mvnw -Pprod clean verify jib:dockerBuild
or./gradlew -Pprod clean bootJar jibDockerBuild
- Start your application:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/app.yml up -d <name_of_your_app>-app
If you want to add or remove some MongoDB nodes, repeat step 3 and 4.
Couchbase Cluster Mode
If you want to use Couchbase with multiple nodes, you need to build and set up manually Couchbase images. Follow these steps to do so:
- Build the image:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/couchbase-cluster.yml build
- Run the database:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/couchbase-cluster.yml up -d
- Scale the Couchbase node service (you have to choose an odd number of nodes):
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/couchbase-cluster.yml scale <name_of_your_app>-couchbase-node=<X>
- Build a Docker image of your application:
./mvnw -Pprod clean verify jib:dockerBuild
or./gradlew -Pprod clean bootJar jibDockerBuild
- Start your application:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/app.yml up -d <name_of_your_app>-app
Cassandra
Unlike the other databases, where the schema migrations are applied by the application itself, Cassandra schema migrations are applied by a dedicated Docker container.
Cassandra in development
To start a Cassandra cluster to run your application locally, you can use the docker_compose file for development use:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/cassandra.yml up -d
Docker-compose will start 2 services:
<name_of_your_app>-cassandra
: a container with the Cassandra node contact point<name_of_your_app>-cassandra-migration
: a container to automatically apply all CQL migrations scripts (create the Keyspace, create the tables, all data migrations, …)
See the Cassandra page for more information on how to add new CQL scripts without restarting the local cluster.
Cassandra in production:
The app.yml
docker-compose file uses cassandra-cluster.yml
to configure the cluster.
The application starts after few seconds (see JHIPSTER_SLEEP variable) to gives the time to the cluster to start and the migrations to be applied.
One big difference between Cassandra and the other databases, is that you can scale your cluster with Docker Compose. To have X+1 nodes in your cluster, run:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/cassandra-cluster.yml scale <name_of_your_app>-cassandra-node=X
Microsoft SQL Server
If you want to use the MSSQL Docker image with JHipster, there are a few steps to follow:
- Increase the RAM available to Docker to at least 3.25GB
- Run the database:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/mssql.yml up -d
- Create the database with a MSSQL client of your choice
- Start your application:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/app.yml up -d <name_of_your_app>-app
Elasticsearch
Running docker-compose -f src/main/docker/app.yml up
already starts up your search engine automatically.
If you only want to start your Elasticsearch node, and not the other services, use its specific Docker Compose configuration:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/elasticsearch.yml up
Sonar
A Docker Compose configuration is generated for running Sonar:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/sonar.yml up
To analyze your code, run Sonar on your project:
- With Maven:
./mvnw initialize sonar:sonar
- With Gradle:
./gradlew sonar
The Sonar reports will be available at: http://localhost:9000
Keycloak
If you chose OAuth 2.0 as your authentication, Keycloak is used as the default identity provider. Running docker-compose -f src/main/docker/app.yml up
starts up Keycloak automatically.
To make Keycloak work, you need to add the following line to your hosts file (/etc/hosts
on Mac/Linux, c:\Windows\System32\Drivers\etc\hosts
on Windows).
<IP_ADDRESS> keycloak
This is because you will access your application with a browser on your machine (which name is localhost, or <IP_ADDRESS>
), but inside Docker it will run in its own container, which name is keycloak
.
If you only want to start Keycloak, and not the other services, use its specific Docker Compose configuration:
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/keycloak.yml up
Common commands
List the containers
You can use docker container ps -a
to list all the containers
$ docker container ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
fc35e1090021 mysql "/entrypoint.sh mysql" 4 seconds ago Up 4 seconds <IP_ADDRESS>:3306->3306/tcp sampleApplication-mysql
Docker stats for containers
docker container stats
or docker container stats $(docker container ps --format={{.Names}})
to list all running containers with CPU, Memory, Networking I/O and Block I/O stats.
$ docker container stats $(docker container ps --format={{.Names}})
CONTAINER CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
jhuaa-mysql 0.04% 221 MB / 7.966 GB 2.77% 66.69 kB / 36.78 kB 8.802 MB / 302.5 MB 37
00compose_msmongo-app_1 0.09% 965.6 MB / 7.966 GB 12.12% 121.3 kB / 54.64 kB 89.84 MB / 14.88 MB 35
00compose_gateway-app_1 0.39% 1.106 GB / 7.966 GB 13.89% 227.5 kB / 484 kB 117 MB / 28.84 MB 92
jhipster-registry 0.74% 1.018 GB / 7.966 GB 12.78% 120.2 kB / 126.4 kB 91.12 MB / 139.3 kB 63
gateway-elasticsearch 0.27% 249.1 MB / 7.966 GB 3.13% 42.57 kB / 21.33 kB 48.16 MB / 4.096 kB 58
00compose_jhuaa-app_1 0.29% 1.042 GB / 7.966 GB 13.08% 101.8 kB / 78.84 kB 70.08 MB / 13.5 MB 68
msmongo-mongodb 0.34% 44.8 MB / 7.966 GB 0.56% 49.72 kB / 48.08 kB 33.97 MB / 811 kB 18
gateway-mysql 0.03% 202.7 MB / 7.966 GB 2.54% 60.84 kB / 31.22 kB 27.03 MB / 297 MB 37
Scale a container
Run docker-compose scale test-app=4
to have 4 instances of application “test” running.
Stop containers
docker-compose -f src/main/docker/app.yml stop
You can also use directly Docker:
docker container stop <container_id>
When you stop a container, the data is not deleted, unless you delete the container.
Delete a container
Be careful! All data will be deleted:
docker container rm <container_id>
Memory Tweaking
In order to optimize memory usage for applications running in the container, you can setup Java memory parameters on Dockerfile
or docker-compose.yml
Adding memory parameters to Dockerfile
Set the environment variable.
ENV JAVA_OPTS=-Xmx512m -Xms256m
Adding memory parameters to docker-compose.yml
This solution is desired over Dockerfile. In this way, you have a single control point for your memory configuration on all containers that compose your application.
Add the JAVA_OPTS
into environment
section.
environment:
- (...)
- JAVA_OPTS=-Xmx512m -Xms256m
Depending on the Docker base image, JAVA_OPTS
won’t work. In this case, try to use _JAVA_OPTIONS
instead:
environment:
- (...)
- _JAVA_OPTIONS=-Xmx512m -Xms256m


Contains the implementation of the Unicon control constructs. The control constructs are equationally defined using iterator compositions.
The following is a summary of the transforms into the calculus kernel. Control constructs are transformed to simple constructor calls, e.g.
if e1 then e2 else e3 ==> IconIf(e1,e2,e3)that invoke IconIterator kernel methods for the iterator calculus.
The exact iterator calculus kernel methods called for each of the constructs are defined by the following equations.
Primitives: exists(x), bound(x), bound(x).succeed() Define: |x| = x.bound() ~= forall(x:1) // always fails but record if nonEmpty Define: y.bound().succeed() = y;succeed:1 // succeeds once then fails Equation: exists(x) = not(isEmpty(x.bound())) Equation: bound(x) = exists(x);fail ==== x;y;z => reduce(x:1 | y:1) | z == (x.bound() | y.bound() | z) where x.bound() is equivalent to forall(x:1) Bounded sequence, distinct from plain sequence ie concat {x;} => x;null // done in normalization, with trailingEmpty every x => reduce(x) // always fails == x.reduce() every x do y => reduce(x & |y|) == (x & y.bound()).reduce() while x do y => reduce((x:1 -> (y;succeed:1))*) == ((x.bound() | y.bound().succeed().guard(x))*).reduce() == every((x.bound() | y.bound().succeed().guard(x)).repeat()) while x => reduce((x:1 -> (null;succeed:1))*) until x do y => while (not x) do y == ((x.exists().not() | y.bound().succeed().guard(x))*).reduce() == every((x.exists().not() | y.bound().succeed().guard(x))*) until x => while (not x) repeat x => reduce((x ; succeed:1)*) OR: while (true) do x == ((x.bound().succeed())*).reduce() == every((x.bound().succeed()).repeat()) // repeat uses break, continue (sets isLoop) not x => not(exists(x)) == x.exists().not() if g then x else y => g -> x|y == g.bound() | (x | y).guard(g) == g() ; (x | y).guard(g) switch s { case c:e } => {{e'.guard(s);e.guard(e')}; ... } suspend e => e.doSuspend() suspend e do y => (x in e) & ((suspend !x); |y| ) == (x in e) & ((lift(x).bound()).doSuspend() | y.bound()) // only suspends if succeed, else fail return e => return exists(e) // only returns if succeed, else fail == exists(e).doReturn() break => null.doBreak() break expr; is transformed to: (loop break expr)* => (loop)* | (switch (broken) { which break expr }) continue => null.doContinue()


WITNESS LIST
State Affairs
February 9, 2011 9:00 AM
FOR:
Flower, MD, Linda (also providing written testimony) (Texas Physicians Resource
Council), Tombull, TX
Johnson, Abby (also providing written testimony) (Self), College Station, TX
Love, Mikeal MD (also providing written testimony) (Self), Austin, TX
Nuckok, Beverly MD (Self), New Braunfels, TX
Rivas, Andrew (Texas Catholic Conference), Austin, TX
Sadler, Threesa (also providing written testimony) (Self), Greenville, TX
Saenz, Jonathan (also providing written testimony) (Liberty Institute), Austin, TX
Williams, Terry (Central Texas Life Care-Care Net National), San Marcos, TX
AGAINST:
Ademski, Thomas James (also providing written testimony) (Self), Austin, TX
Crawford, RC (Self), Round Rock, TX
Gilbert, Michele MD (also providing written testimony) (Self), Austin, TX
Haney, Susan (Self), Austin, TX
Rocap, Blake (NARAL Pro-Choice Texas), Austin, TX
Sendejo, Brenda (also providing written testimony) (Self), Austin, TX
Spear, Scott MD (also providing written testimony) (Planned Parenthood), Austin, TX
Thompson, Margaret MD, JD, MPAFF (Self), Austin, TX
ON:
Griffin, Leslie (also providing written testimony) (Self), Houston, TX
Romberg, Matthew (Self), Round Rock, TX
Stansbury, Jennifer (TX Health and Human Services Commission), Austin, TX
Registering, but not testifying:
For:
Adams, Cathie (Self), Dallas, TX
Adams, Lehua (Self), Round Rock, TX
Allmon, Jennifer (Self), Austin, TX
Blakemore, Allen (Self; Conservative Republicans of Texas), Houston, TX
Cooper, Deirdre (Texas Alliance for Life), Austin, TX
Dyke, Patricia (Self), Simms, TX
Everett, Carol (Self), Round Rock, TX
Follett, Issac (Self), Buda, TX
Follett, Scott (Self), Buda, TX
Gerstenschlager, MerryLynn (Self; Texas Eagle Forum), Austin, TX
Glaser, Carol (Texas Right to Life), Houston, TX
Horne, Emily (Texas Right to Life), Belleville, TX
Hotze, Stephen MD (Self; Conservative Republicans of Texas), Katy, TX
Huemmer, Maria (Self), Round Rock, TX
Kebodeaux, Emily (Texas Right to Life), Cleveland, TX
1
WITNESS LIST
State Affairs
February 9, 2011 9:00 AM
Malone, Joe (Self), Buda, TX
Malone, John (Self), Austin, TX
Malone, Matthew (Self), Buda, TX
Malone, Patrick (Self), Buda, TX
McClung, Elizabeth (Self), Pflugerville, TX
Meyer, Dina (Self; Texas Alliance for Life), Austin, TX
Moreland, Ronda Kay (Self), Dallas, TX
Pojman, Joe Ph.D (Texas Alliance for Life), Austin, TX
Pollett, Ethan (Self), Buda, TX
Seago, John (Texas Right to Life), Austin, TX
Williams, Lynn (Self), Round Rock, TX
Williams, Stanley (Self), Round Rock, TX
Against:
Albright, Alexandra W. (Self), Austin, TX
Alexander, Shelby (Self), Austin, TX
Anschutz, Kent (Self), Austin, TX
Archambeault, Marie (Self), Austin, TX
Ausley, Robbie (Self), Austin, TX
Avila, Angel (Self), Austin, TX
Bamberg, Deborah (Self), Austin, TX
Black, Lindsey (Self), Austin, TX
Boone, Aimee (Self), Austin, TX
Brasenell, Philip (Self), Austin, TX
Burgess, Linda J. (Self), Austin, TX
Callaway, Dawn (Self), Houston, TX
Camp, Victoria (Texas Association Against Sexual Assault), Austin, TX
Campbell, Wilda (Self), Austin, TX
Cauduro, Michelle (Self), Buda, TX
Clift, Amy (Self), Austin, TX
Clift, Paul (Self), Austin, TX
Cofer, Mary Elizabeth (Self), Austin, TX
Cooper, Nancy (Self), Austin, TX
Cromwell, Jessie (Self), Austin, TX
Crook, Alexandra N. (Self), Austin, TX
Cunningham, Tara (Self), Austin, TX
Dave, Neesha (Self), Austin, TX
Devereux, Danielle (Self), Austin, TX
Dobberfuhl, Rebecca (Self), Austin, TX
Dodson, Robbie (Self), Austin, TX
Ehlinger, Janis (Self), Austin, TX
Engelman, Lindsey (Self), Austin, TX
2
WITNESS LIST
State Affairs
February 9, 2011 9:00 AM
Fager, Gulielma (Self), Austin, TX
Farnsworth, Patricia (Self), Austin, TX
Fondell, Dayna (Self), Austin, TX
Fraser, Carla (Self), Austin, TX
Gaillour, Kathryn (Self), Austin, TX
Garza, Delia (Self), Austin, TX
Gasper, Phyllis (Self), Austin, TX
Gonzalez, Estella (Self), Austin, TX
Haney, Amber (Self), Austin, TX
Haverlah, Sandra (Planned Parenthood of North Texas), Austin, TX
Heskel, Tina (Self), Austin, TX
Hughes Wagner, Jessica (Self), Austin, TX
Johnson, Ronnie L. (Self), Austin, TX
Kalai, Deena (Self), Austin, TX
Kang, Jennifer (Self), Austin, TX
Karotkin, Beth (Self), Austin, TX
Kipp, Jesse (Self), Austin, TX
Klose, Joanna (NARAL Pro-Choice), Austin, TX
Koford, Amelia (Self), Austin, TX
Kues, Darcy (Self), New Braunfels, TX
Land, Stephanie (Self), Austin, TX
Lindholm, Ann (Self), Austin, TX
Lynch, Alan (Self), Austin, TX
Martin, Carol (Self), Austin, TX
Martindale, Elizabeth (Self), Austin, TX
McMillan, Tiffany (Self), Austin, TX
Mears, Gemma (Self), Austin, TX
Meister, Miriam (Self), Austin, TX
Mills, Bonnie (Self), Austin, TX
Mills, Cynthia J. (Self), Austin, TX
Nartowicz, Tonya (Self), Austin, TX
Nation, Beverly (Self), Austin, TX
O'Hare, Kathryn (Self), Austin, TX
O'Hare, Scott (Self), Austin, TX
Ortiz y Prentice, Ambrosia (Law Students for Reproductive Justice), Austin, TX
Osburn, Tiffany (Self), Austin, TX
Owen, Robert (Self), Austin, TX
Parsley, Clint (Self), Austin, TX
Pearson, Joshua (Self), Austin, TX
Pinnell, Joseph (Self), Austin, TX
Pinnelli, Janis W. (Self), Austin, TX
3
WITNESS LIST
State Affairs
February 9, 2011 9:00 AM
Portilla, Jennifer (Self), Austin, TX
Potter, Joseph Earl (Self), Austin, TX
Powers, Lindsay (Self), Austin, TX
Railsback, Sherie (Self), Austin, TX
Ramsey, Lesley (Self), Austin, TX
Ransom, Sandra NP (Self; Planned Parenthood), Austin, TX
Roberts, Susan K. (Self), Austin, TX
Robles, Brady (Self), Austin, TX
Rodgers, Scott (Self), Houston, TX
Rountree, Meredith (Self), Austin, TX
Ryckman, Tatiana (Self), Austin, TX
Sallas Merritt, Terry (Whole Women's Health), Austin, TX
Saltzman, Hilary (Self), Austin, TX
Saslavsky, Elisa (Self), Austin, TX
Saslavsky, Elisa (Nation Council of Jewish Women - Austin Section), Austin, TX
Steele, Annie (Self), Austin, TX
Stollon, Courtney Elizabeth (Self), Austin, TX
Taylor, Kimberly (Self), Austin, TX
Thompson, Rob (Self), Austin, TX
Tran, Stephen (The Lilith Fund), Austin, TX
Truingale, Dusty Ellison (Self), Austin, TX
Voellinger, Kailey (Self), Austin, TX
Volers Patterson, Laura (Self), Austin, TX
Walker, Ruth (Self), Austin, TX
Williams, Norma (Self), Austin, TX
Willmore, Ellen (Self), Austin, TX
Woods, John (Self), Austin, TX
Young Kaffie, Lynda (Self), Austin, TX
Providing written testimony:
For:
Hudspeth, Dr. Kenneth MD (Central Texas LifeCare), San Marcos, TX
Against:
Burke, Terri (ACLU of Texas), Austin, TX
Cleveland, Sara (NARAL on behalf of Southwestern Women's Surgery Center), Austin,
TX
Durkin, Peter J. (Planned Parenthood), Houston, TX
Haverlah, Jr., Leroi (Self), Austin, TX
McGarry, Mignon (American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists), Austin, TX
Parken, Judith (League of Women Voters), Austin, TX
Perez, Angelica B. (Self), Austin, TX
4


No of Visits VS No of Counties Won by Candidate
Candidate Performance(Avg: Fraction_Votes) VS % Percentage of People Age is above 65
Candidate Performance(Avg: Fraction_Votes) VS % Percentage of White Residants
Candidate Performance(Avg: Fraction_Votes) VS % Percentage of Graduates
Candidate Performance(Avg: Fraction_Votes) VS % Percentage of People Below Poverty


Michigan Player Taunts ‘Little Brother’ Michigan State After Win
by Andrew McCartyOn Saturday afternoon, No. 15 Michigan hosted Michigan State in a rivalry game that has produced some of the most-memorable moments in recent college football history.
The Spartans are in the midst of a down season. Mark Dantonio’s squad lost four-straight including an abysmal performance against Illinois last weekend heading into today’s contest.
Make it five straight.
Michigan State found the back of the endzone first, but from then on it was all Wolverines. Jim Harbaugh’s program dominated over the final three quarters en route to a 44-10 win.
After the game, Michigan defensive lineman Michael Dwumfour called out the team’s little brother.
“Our little brothers didn’t learn they lesson last year had to remind them again,” he said on Twitter.
Before the game started, former Ohio State head coach Urban Meyer called out Michigan State’s coaches over the team’s recent struggles.
“You watch Michigan State play, how many NFL players do they got? That doesn’t look like the defenses I used to go against. They had first-round corners, Le’Veon Bell. I don’t see that. That’s coaches, recruiting development,” Meyer said.
With the loss, Michigan State falls to 4-6 on the season. The Spartans have Maryland and Rutgers left on the schedule, so a bowl is possible.


lsei: Solving Least Squares or Quadratic Programming Problems under
Equality/Inequality Constraints
It contains functions that solve least squares linear
regression problems under linear equality/inequality
constraints. Functions for solving quadratic programming
problems are also available, which transform such problems
into least squares ones first. It is developed based on the
'Fortran' program of Lawson and Hanson (1974, 1995), which is
public domain and available at
<http://www.netlib.org/lawson-hanson>.
Downloads:
Reverse dependencies:
Linking:
Please use the canonical form
https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=lsei
to link to this page.


Original by Mosur Ravishankar (Ravi)
Maintained by Kevin A. Lenzo<EMAIL_ADDRESS>School of Computer Science
Carnegie Mellon University
Copyright (c) 1997-2001 Carnegie Mellon University.
Sphinx2 consists of a set of libraries that include core speech recognition functions as well as auxiliary ones such as low-level audio capture. The libraries are written in C and have been compiled on several Unix platforms (DEC Alpha, Sun Sparc, HPs) and Pentium/PentiumPro PCs running WindowsNT or Windows95. A number of demo applications based on this recognition engine are also provided.
Several features specifically intended for developing real applications have been included in Sphinx2. For example, many aspects of the decoder can be reconfigured at run time. New language models can be loaded or switched dynamically. Similarly, new words and pronunciations can be added. The audio input data can be automatically logged to files for any future analysis.
The rest of this document is structured as follows:
int
variables. The memory requirements can be
considerably reduced by converting the senone PDF values to 8-bit quantities (see
Section Building 8-Bit Senone Dump Files).
.phone
and a
.map
file.)
It is not necessary to create a new senone mapping for every distinct dictionary. Smaller dictionaries can use the senone mapping created for larger dictionaries. However, the mapping information must be consistent with the acoustic model being used.
Large LMs load very slowly. The delay can be avoided by providing LM dump files along with the original LMs. The Sphinx2 decoder automatically creates LM dump files for large LMs (see Section Building LM Dump Files).
Details of the recognition engine can be found in Ravishankar's Ph.D thesis poscript file.
The active vocabulary is the intersection of the words in the active language model and the pronunciation dictionary. The recognizer can only output words from this intersection.
The recognition engine can be recognfigured in several ways, but generally only in between utterances:
As we shall see below, none of the core decoder API functions directly accesses any audio device. Rather, the application is responsible for collecting audio data to be decoded. This gives applications the freedom to decode audio data originating at any source at all---standard audio devices, pre-recorded files, data from a remote location over a network, etc. Since most applications ultimately need to access common audio devices and to perform some form of silence filtering to detect speech/no-speech conditions, the two additional modules are provided with Sphinx2 as a convenience.
(NOTE: The APIs often use int32
and int16
for 32-bit and 16-bit integer types.
These are #defined at compile time, usually as
int
and short
,
respectively.)
include/ad.h
.
ad_open :
|
Opens an audio device for recording. Returns a handle to the opened device. (Currently 16KHz, 16-bit PCM only.) |
ad_start_rec :
|
Starts recording on the audio device associated with the specified handle. |
ad_read :
|
Reads upto a specified number of samples into a given buffer. It returns the number of samples actually read, which may be less than the number requested. In particular it may return 0 samples if no data is available. Most systems typically have a limited amount of internal buffering (at most a few seconds). Hence, this function must be called frequently enough to avoid buffer overflow. |
ad_stop_rec :
|
Stops recording. (However, the system may still have internally buffered data remaining to be read.) |
ad_close :
|
Closes the audio device associated with the specified audio handle. |
examples/adrec.c
and examples/adpow.c
for two examples demonstrating the use of the above functions.
A similar set of playback functions are provided (currently implemented only on WindowsNT/Windows95 PC platforms):
ad_open_play :
|
Opens an audio device for playback. Returns a handle to the opened device. (Currently 16KHz, 16-bit PCM only.) |
ad_start_play :
|
Starts playback on the device associated with the given handle. |
ad_write :
|
Sends a buffer of samples for playback. The function may accept fewer than the samples provided, depending on available internal buffers. It returns the number of samples actually accepted. The application must provide data sufficiently rapidly to avoid breaks in playback. |
ad_stop_play :
|
End of playback. Playback is continued until all buffered data has been consumed. |
ad_close_play :
|
Closes the audio device associated with the specified handle. |
ad_mu2li
for converting 8-bit mu-law samples into
16-bit linear PCM samples.
See examples/adplay.c
for an example that plays back audio samples from a given input file.
The implementation of the audio API for various platforms is contained in analog-to-digital library for the given architecture.
The silence filtering module is interposed between the raw audio input source
and the application. The application calls the function
cont_ad_read
instead of directly reading the raw A/D
input source (e.g., via the ad_read
function described
above).
cont_ad_read
returns only those segments of
input audio that it determines to be non-silence. Additional timestamp information
is provided to inform the application about silence regions that have been dropped.
The complete continuous listening API is defined in
include/cont_ad.h
and is summarized below:
cont_ad_init :
|
Associates a new continuous listening module instance with a specified raw A/D
handle and a corresponding read function pointer. E.g., these
may be the handle returned by ad_open and function
ad_read described above.
|
cont_ad_calib :
|
Calibrates the background silence level by reading the raw audio for a few seconds.
It should be done once immediately after cont_ad_init ,
and after any environmental change.
|
cont_ad_read :
|
Reads and returns the next available block of non-silence data in a given buffer.
(Uses the read function and handle supplied to
cont_ad_init to obtain the raw A/D data.) More details
are provided below.
|
cont_ad_reset :
|
Flushes any data buffered inside the module. Useful for discarding accumulated, but unprocessed speech. |
cont_ad_set_thresh :
|
Useful for adjusting the silence and speech thresholds. |
cont_ad_detach :
|
Detaches the specified continuous listening module from the associated audio device. |
cont_ad_attach :
|
Attaches the specified continuous listening module to the specified audio device.
(Similar to cont_ad_init , but without the need to
calibrate the audio device.)
|
cont_ad_close :
|
Closes the continuous listening module. |
cont_ad_read
function:
Operationally, every call to cont_ad_read
causes the
module to read the associated raw A/D source (as much data as possible and available),
scan it for speech (non-silence) segments and enqueue them internally. It returns
the first available segment of speech data, if any. In addition to returning
non-silence data, the function also updates a couple of parameters that may be of
interest to the application:
siglvl
member variable of the
cont_ad_t
structure returned by
cont_ad_init()
.
cont_ad_read()
call. This is in
the read_ts
member variable of the
cont_ad_t
structure.
cont_ad_read
, the timestamp is 100000 and 116000,
respectively, the application can determine that 1 sec (16000 samples) of silence
have been gobbled up between the two calls.
Silence regions aren't chopped off completely. About 50-100ms worth of silence is preserved at either end of a speech segment and passed on to the application.
Finally, the continuous listener won't concatenate speech segments separated by
silence. That is, the data returned by a single call to
cont_ad_read
will not span raw audio separated by
silence that has been gobbled up.
cont_ad_read
must be called frequently enough to avoid
loss of input data owing to buffer overflow. The application is responsible for
turning actual recording on and off, if applicable. In particular, it must ensure
that recording is on during calibration and normal operation.
See examples/cont_adseg.c
for an example that uses the continuous listening module to segment live audio input
into separate utterances. Similarly,
examples/cont_fileseg.c
segments a given pre-recorded file containing audio data into utterances.
The implementation of continuous listening is in
src/libfe/cont_ad.c
.
Applications that use this module are required to link with
libfe
and libcommon
(and libad
if necessary).
include/fbs.h
.
The two functions pertaining to initialization and final cleanup are:
fbs_init :
|
Initializes the decoder. The input arguments (in the form of the common
command line argument list argc,argv ) specify the
input databases (acoustic, lexical, and language models) and various other
decoder configuration options. (See Arguments Reference.)
If batch-mode processing is indicated
(see -ctlfn
option below) it happens as part of this initialization.
|
fbs_end :
|
Cleans up the internals of the decoder before the application exits. |
Sphinx2 applications can use the following functions to decode speech into text,
one utterance at a time:
uttproc_begin_utt :
|
Begins decoding the next utterance. The application can assign an id string to it. If not, one is automatically created and assigned. |
uttproc_rawdata :
|
Processes (decodes) the next chunk of raw A/D data in the current utterance. This
can be non-blocking, in which case much of the data may be simply queued
internally for later processing. Note that only 16-bit linear PCM-encoded samples
can be processed. The A/D library provides a separate function
ad_mu2li for converting 8-bit mu-law encoded data
into 16-bit PCM format.
|
uttproc_cepdata :
|
This is an alternative to uttproc_rawdata if the
application wishes to decode cepstrum data instead of raw A/D data.
|
uttproc_end_utt :
|
Indicates that no more input data is forthcoming in the current utterance. |
uttproc_result :
|
Finishes processing internally queued up data and returns the final recognition result string. It can also be non-blocking, in which case it may return after processing only some of the internally queued up data. |
uttproc_result_seg :
|
Like uttproc_result , but returns word segmentation
information (measured in 10msec frames) instead of the recognition string. One
can use either this function or uttproc_result to
finish decoding, but not both.
|
uttproc_partial_result :
|
Before the final result is available, this function can be used to obtain the most up-to-date partial result (for example, as feedback to the user). |
uttproc_partial_result_seg :
|
Like uttproc_partial_result , but returns word
segmentation information (measured in 10msec frames) instead of the recognition
string.
|
uttproc_abort_utt :
|
This is an alternative to uttproc_end_utt that
terminates the current utterance. No further recognition results can be obtained for it.
|
search_get_alt :
|
Returns N-best hypotheses for the utterance (see further details in
include/fbs.h ).
|
uttproc_result
allows the application to respond
to user-interface events in real-time.
The application code fragment for decoding one utterance typically looks as follows:
uttproc_begin_utt (....) while (not end of utterance) { /* indicated externally, somehow */ read any available A/D data; /* possibly 0 length */ uttproc_rawdata (A/D data read above, non-blocking); } uttproc_end_utt (); uttproc_result (...., blocking);See demo applications in
examples
for several
variations:
Multiple, named LMs can be resident with the decoder module, either
read in during initialization, or dynamically at run time. However, exactly
one LM must be selected and active for decoding any given utterance.
As mentioned earlier, the active vocabulary for each utterance is given by the
intersection of the pronunciation dictionary and the currently active
LM. The following auxiliary functions allow the application to control language
modelling related aspects of the decoder:
lm_read :
|
Reads in a new language model from a given file, and is associated with a given name. The application only needs this function to create and load LMs dynamically at run time, rather than at initialization. |
lm_delete :
|
Deletes the named LM from the decoder repertory. |
uttproc_set_lm :
|
Sets the currently active LM to the named one. Must only be invoked in-between utterances. |
uttproc_set_context :
|
Sets a two-word history for the next utterance to be decoded, giving its first words additional context that can be exploited by the LM. |
The raw input data for each utterance and/or the cepstrum data derived from it
can be logged to specified directories:
uttproc_set_rawlogdir :
|
Specifies the directory to which utterance A/D data should be logged. An
utterance is logged to file <id>.raw, where <id> is the string
assigned to it by uttproc_begin_utt .
|
uttproc_set_mfclogdir :
|
Specifies the directory to which utterance cepstrum data should be logged. Like A/D files above, an utterance is logged to file <id>.mfc. |
uttproc_get_uttid :
|
Retrieves the string id for the current or most recent utterance. Useful for locating the logged A/D data and cepstrum files, for example. |
uttproc_allphone_cepfile :
|
Performs allphone recognition on the given file and returns the resulting phone segmentation. |
examples
:
sphinx2-ptt
:
demonstrates an application in which the user explicitly indicates the start and
end of each utterance using the <RETURN
> keyboard key.
(On WindowsNT/Windows95 systems, the ending <RETURN
> is not
used. Instead, the utterance is terminated after a fixed duration.)
sphinx2-continuous
:
demonstrates the interaction of continuous listening and decoding. An endless
audio input stream is automatically segmented into utterances using the continuous
listening module, and the utterances are decoded. The timestamps returned by the
continuous listening module are used to locate gaps in speech data of at least 1 sec,
thus marking the utterance boundaries.
sh autogen.sh
if necessary
./configure
make
make test
make install
-allphone
flag is
TRUE
during the initialization. In this mode, no
language model should be provided; i.e., the -lmfn
and -lmctlfn
arguments should be omitted.
-lmfn
and -lmctlfn
arguments should be omitted. The
set of utterances (speech data) is given by the -ctlfn
argument, as usual. In addition, the corresponding transcripts should be given
in a parallel file, which should be the -tactlfn
argument. Each line in this file should contain the transcript for one utterance
(and nothing else; in particular, no utterance-id). The first line of this file
should contain just the string *align_all*
.
Alignments at the word, phone and state levels can be obtained by setting the flags
-taword
, -taphone
, and
-tastate
individually to
TRUE
or FALSE
. Alignments
are written to stdout (the log file).
fbs_init(int argc, char *argv[])
defined in
include/fbs.h
.
(Applications built around the Sphinx2 libraries, of course, can have additional
arguments.) Many arguments, such as the input model databases, must be
specified by the user. We cover the more important ones below (the remaining
have reasonable default values):
| Flag | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|
-lmfn
|
Optional DARPA format bigram/trigram backoff LM file with the empty string as its name. | None. |
-lmctlfn
|
Optional LM control file with a list of LM files and associated names (one line per entry). This is how multiple LMs can be loaded during initialization. | None. |
-kbdumpdir
|
Optional directory containing precompiled binary versions of LM files (see Building LM Dump Files). | None. |
-dictfn
|
Main pronunciation dictionary file. | None. |
-oovdictfn
|
Optional out-of-vocabulary (OOV) pronunciation dictionary. These are added to the
unnamed LM (read from -lmfn file) with unigram
probability given by -oovugprob .
|
None. |
-ndictfn
|
Optional "noise" words pronunciation dictionary. Noise words are not part of any LM and, like silence, can be inserted transparently anywhere in the utterance. | None. |
-phnfn -mapfn
|
Phone and map files with senone mapping information for the given dictionary and acoustic model. | None. |
-hmmdir -hmmdirlist -cbdir
|
Directory with Sphinx-II semi-continuous HMM acoustic models and codebooks. | None. |
-sendumpfn -8bsen
|
Optional 8-bit senone model file created from the 32-bit HMM models
(see Building 8-Bit Senone Dump Files).
-8bsen should be TRUE if
the 8-bit senones are used.
|
None. |
| Flag | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|
-ctlfn -ctloffset -ctlcount
|
Batch-mode control file listing utterance files (without their file-extension)
to decode. -ctloffset is the number of initial
utterances in the file to be skipped, and -ctlcount
the number to be processed (after the skip, if any).
-ctlfn must not be specified for live-mode or
application-driven operation.
|
None 0 All |
-datadir |
If the control file (-ctlfn argument) entries are relative pathnames, an optional directory prefix for them may be specified using this argument. | None |
-allphone |
Should be TRUE to configure the recognition engine for
allphone mode operation.
|
FALSE
|
-tactlfn |
Input transcript file, parallel to the control file (-ctlfn )
in forced alignment mode.
|
None |
-adcin -adcext -adchdr -adcendian
|
In batch mode, -adcin selects A/D
(TRUE ) or cepstrum input data
(FALSE ).
If TRUE , -adcext
is the file extension to be appended to names listed in the
-ctlfn argument file,
-adchdr the number of bytes of header in each
input file, and -adcendian their byte ordering:
0 for big-endian, 1 for little-endian. With these flags, most A/D data file
formats can be processed directly.
|
FALSE raw 0 1 |
-normmean -nmprior
|
Cepstral mean normalization (CMN) option. If -nmprior
is FALSE , CMN computed on current utterance only
(usually batch mode), otherwise based on past history (live mode).
|
TRUE FALSE
|
-compress -compressprior
|
Silence deletion (within decoder, not related to continuous
listening). If -compressprior is
FALSE , based on current utterance statistics
(batch mode), otherwise based on past history (live mode).
-compress should be
FALSE if continuous listening is used.
|
FALSE FALSE
|
-agcmax -agcemax
|
Automatic gain control (AGC) option. In batch mode only
-agcmax should be TRUE ,
and in live mode only -agcemax .
|
FALSE FALSE
|
-live
|
Forces some live mode flags: -nmprior
-compressprior and
-agcemax to TRUE
if any AGC is on.
|
FALSE
|
-samp
|
Sampling rate; must be 8000 or 16000. |
16000
|
-fwdflat
|
Run flat-lexical Viterbi search after tree-structured pass (for better
accuracy). Usually FALSE in live mode.
|
TRUE
|
-bestpath
|
Run global best path search over Viterbi search word lattice output (for better accuracy). |
TRUE
|
-compallsen
|
Compute all senones, whether active or inactive, in each frame. |
FALSE
|
-latsize
|
Word lattice entries to be allocated. Longer sentences need larger lattices. | 50000 |
| Flag | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|
-top
|
Number of codewords computed per frame. Usually, narrowed to 1 in live mode. | 4 |
-beam -npbeam
|
Main pruning thresholds for tree search. Usually narrowed down to 2e-6 in live mode. |
1e-6 1e-6 |
-lpbeam
|
Additional pruning threshold for transitions to leaf nodes of lexical tree. Usually narrowed down to 2e-5 in live mode. | 1e-5 |
-lponlybeam -nwbeam
|
Yet more pruning thresholds for leaf nodes and exits from lexical tree. Usually narrowed down to 5e-4 in live mode. |
3e-4 3e-4 |
-fwdflatbeam -fwdflatnwbeam
|
Main and word-exit pruning thresholds for the optional, flat lexical Viterbi search. |
1e-8 3e-4 |
-topsenfrm -topsenthresh
|
No. of lookahead frames for predicting active base phones. (If <=1, all base phones
assumed to be active every frame.) -topsenthresh is
log(pruning threshold) applied to raw senone scores to determine active phones in each
frame.
|
1 -60000 |
| Flag | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|
-langwt -fwdflatlw -rescorelw
|
Language weights applied during lexical tree Viterbi search, flat-structured Viterbi search, and global word lattice search, respectively. |
6.5 8.5 9.5 |
-ugwt
|
Unigram weight for interpolating unigram probabilities with uniform distribution. Typically in the range 0.5-0.8. | 1.0 |
-inspen -silpen -fillpen
|
Word insertion penalty or probability (for words in the LM),
insertion penalty for the silence word, and
insertion penalty for noise words (from -ndictfn file) if any.
|
0.65 0.005 1e-8 |
-oovugprob
|
Unigram probability (logprob) for OOV words from
-oovdictfn file, if any.
|
-4.5 |
| Flag | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|
-matchfn
|
Filename to which final recognition string for each utterance written. (Old format, word-id at the end.) | None |
-matchsegfn
|
Like -matchfn , but contains word segmentation
info: startframe #frames word...
(New format, word-id at the beginning.)
|
None |
-reportpron
|
Causes word pronunciation to be included in output files. |
FALSE
|
-rawlogdir
|
If specified, logs raw A/D input samples for each utterance to the indicated directory. (One file per utterance, named <uttid>.raw.) | None |
-mfclogdir
|
If specified, logs cepstrum data for each utterance to the indicated directory. (One file per utterance, named <uttid>.mfc.) | None |
-dumplatdir
|
If specified, dumps word lattice for each utterance to a file in this directory. | None |
-logfn
|
Filename to which decoder logging information is written. | stdout/stderr |
-backtrace
|
Includes detailed word backtrace information in log file. |
TRUE
|
-nbest
|
No. of N-best hypotheses to be produced. Currently, this flag is only useful in batch
mode. But an application can always directly invoke
search_get_alt to obtain them.
Also, the current implementation is lacking in some details (e.g., in returning
detailed scores).
|
0 |
-nbestdir
|
Directory to which N-best files written (one/utterance). | Current dir. |
-taword -taphone -tastate
|
Whether word, phone, and state alignment output should be produced when running in forced alignment mode. |
TRUE TRUE FALSE
|
Finally, one of the arguments can be:
-argfile
filename.
This causes additional arguments to be read in from the given
file. Lines beginning with the '#' character in this file are ignored.
Recursive -argfile
specifications are not allowed.
| Use 8-bit senone dump file. | |
| A/D input file byte-ordering. | |
| A/D input file extension. | |
| No. bytes of header in A/D input file. | |
| Input file contains A/D samples or cepstra (TRUE/FALSE). | |
| Compute AGC (max C0 normalized to 0; estimated, live mode). | |
| Compute AGC (max C0 normalized to 0 based on current utterance). | |
| Arguments file. | |
| Provide detailed backtrace in log file. | |
| Main pruning beamwidth. | |
| Run global best path algorithm on word lattice. | |
| Codebooks directory. | |
| Compute all senones. | |
| Remove silence frames (based on C0 statistics). | |
| Remove silence frames (based on C0 statistics from prior history). | |
| No. of utterances to decode in batch mode. | |
| Control file listing utterances to decode in batch mode. | |
| No. of initial utterances to be skipped from control file. | |
| Directory prefix for control file entries. | |
| Main pronunciation dictionary. | |
| Directory for dumping word lattices. | |
| Noise word penalty (probability). | |
| Run flat-lexical Viterbi search. | |
| Main beam width for flat search. | |
| Language weight for flat search. | |
| Word-exit beam width for flat search. | |
| Directory containing acoustic models. | |
| Directory containing acoustic models. | |
| Word insertion penalty (probability). | |
| Directory containing LM dump files. | |
| Language weight for lexical tree search. | |
| Size of word lattice to be allocated. | |
| Live mode. | |
| Control file listing named language model files to be loaded at initialization. | |
| Unnamed language model file to load at initialization. | |
| Output log file. | |
| Transition to last phone beam width. | |
| Last phone internal beam width. | |
| Senone mapping file. | |
| Output match file. | |
| Output match file with word segmentation. | |
| Directory for logging cepstrum data for each utterance. | |
| No. of N-best hypotheses to be produced/utterance. | |
| Directory for writing N-best hypotheses files. | |
| Noise words dictionary. | |
| Cepstral mean normalization based on prior utterances statistics. | |
| Cepstram mean normalization. | |
| Next phone beam width for tree search. | |
| Word-exit beam width for tree search. | |
| Out-of-vocabulary words pronunciation dictionary. | |
| Unigram probability for OOV words. | |
| Phone file (senone mapping information). | |
| Directory for logging A/D data for each utterance. | |
| Show actual word pronunciation in output match files. | |
| Language weight for best path search. | |
| Input audio sampling rate(16000/8000). | |
| (8-bit) Senone dump file. | |
| Silence word penalty (probability). | |
| Forced alignment transcript file. | |
| Whether phone-level alignment information should be output. | |
| Whether state-level alignment information should be output. | |
| Whether word-level alignment information should be output. | |
| No. of top codewords to evaluate in each frame. | |
| No. of frames to lookahead to determine active base phones. | |
| Pruning threshold applied to determine active base phones. | |
| Unigram weight for interpolating unigram probability with uniform probability. |
-beam
-npbeam
-lpbeam
-lponlybeam
,
and
-nwbeam
uniformly by a factor >1.
-top
from 4 to 1.
-topsenfrm
>1,
and adjusting the corresponding pruning beamwidth
-topsenthresh
.
The former can be set to 3, and the latter between -50000 and -70000.
(Threshold values closer to 0 provide tigher pruning.)
-compallsen
.
When -top
is 1,
it is generally more efficient to compute all senones, but not when
-top
is 4. However,
when using very small vocabularies of just tens of words, it is preferable to
compute only the active senones, regardless of the value of
-top
. (But if
-topsenfrm
>1,
all senones are computed anyway.)
LM dump files can be created by either a standalone program
examples/lm3g2dmp.c
or the decoder. The standalone version can be compiled from the
examples
directory.
The program takes two arguments, the LM source file and a directory in which the
dump file is to be created. It reads the header from the original LM file to determine
the size of the LM. It then forms the binary dump file name by appending a
.DMP
extension to the LM file name. This file is written
to the second (directory) argument. (NOTE: The dump file must not already
exist!!)
Any version of the decoder can also automatically create binary "dump" files
similar to the standalone version described above. It first looks for the
dump file in the directory given by the
-kbdumpdir
argument. If the dump file is present it reads it and ignores the rest of the
original LM file. Otherwise, it reads the LM file and creates a dump file in the
-kbdumpdir
directory so that it can be used in subsequent decoder runs.
The decoder does not create dump files for small LMs that have fewer than an internally defined number of bigrams and trigrams.
-hmmdir
argument.) However, they can be
clustered down to 8-bits for memory efficiency, without loss of recognition
accuracy. The clustering is carried out by an offline process as follows:
-sendumpfn
flag set to the temporary file name,
the -8bsen
flag set to
FALSE
, and omitting the
-lmfn
argument.
The decoder can be killed after it creates the 32-bit senone dump file, which happens
during the initialization and is announced in the log output.
/afs/cs/project/plus-2/s2/Sphinx2/bin/alpha/pdf32to8b 32bit-file 8bit-file
pdf32to8b
is the temporary 32-bit dump file created above, and the second argument is the
8-bit output file.
-sendumpfn
argument to the decoder with the -8bsen
argument set to TRUE
.


In this scenario we demonstrate how to enable dropping one (or more) items from a source ListView into another target Listview. This is done using listview specific drag and drop APIs. The source has itemsDraggable:true and the target is set with itemsReorderable:true. Given that the target is also set as re-orderable, the items can be moved once they are placed in the target.


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Index
Control
Test


System/161 supports remote gdb debugging directly into the simulator. The simulator acts like an in-circuit emulator (ICE), only more so, so that you can debug without any interference whatsoever with the debugged code. Even timing is unaffected.
To do this, you need a copy of gdb compiled for the same processor that System/161 is simulating, and that understands the ELF kernel file format loaded by System/161. To use the Unix-domain sockets method shown below, you need a patch to gdb; without that you are restricted to using Internet-domain sockets and you can't necessarily control who can connect. A suitable gdb configuration is provided for OS/161.
Run gdb as you normally would:
gdb kernel
After it finishes loading, attach to System/161 by typing this into gdb:
target remote unix:.sockets/gdband gdb will connect up to the copy of System/161 you have running in the same directory and you can start debugging. (You can debug one in another directory by specifying the right path to its socket.)
Since this is a painful thing to type every time you want to debug, we recommend you create a shortcut for it. Put the following in a file called .gdbinit in the same directory you're working in. (gdb runs this file when you start it up.)
define db target remote unix:.sockets/gdb endThen you can connect up to System/161 for debugging just by running gdb and typing "db".
If you give System/161 the -w option, it will stop and wait for a debugger connection before it runs anything at all. This allows you to start debugging from the very beginning of kernel initialization.
Theoretically everything you can do with gdb normally should work with gdb connected this way. In practice, there are probably some problems. Bring them to the attention of the course staff and we'll see if we can get them fixed.
When System/161 is running, if you type ^G (control-G) into its window, it will immediately stop in gdb (if gdb is attached) or wait for a gdb connection (if gdb is not attached).


Toy Association reveals the top 12 toys of Christmas 2019 - here's where to get them
We've got all you need to know about this year's toy list including the cheapest places to buy them
by Linda HowardIf you haven’t started thinking about what to buy the little ones in your life for Christmas yet, this list of the top 12 toys may be just what you need to get the (snow)ball rolling.
The list is created by the UK's biggest and best chain and independent toy retailers, who are invited to a London venue to appraise the new toys for Christmas 2019.
They then choose the best 12 toys they predict will sell out in the run up to Christmas.
The top toys include an Elsa doll based on the new Frozen 2 movie, a Barbie Dreamplane playset and a LOL Surprise 2-in1 Glamper.
The list is a good indication of what is likely to be huge sellers this year - and what shoppers should get their hands on quickly to save disappointment on Christmas Day.
Shoppers can also make a considerable saving when picking up one of these Christmas must-haves with Topcashback .
The money-saving website is offering £15 cashback on the price of ALL of the top 12 toys to new members who sign up (it’s free) - and existing members can get smaller discounts up to 5%.
The discount applies to over 80 toy retailers and can even get you a choice of two of the toys completely free after cashback.
Here is the top 12 list of toys and where you can buy them
The prices listed below are correct at time of publication on 14.11.2019.
Barbie Dreamplane Playset, Argos - £50 / Amazon - £49.99
The Barbie Dreamplane is ready to help imaginations take off to anywhere! Kids can push it on its wheels to taxi on the ground or open up the top and side to reveal the inside and play out the ride.
Toy Story 4 True Talkers, Aegros - £12 - £12.20 / Amazon - £11.99
Buzz Lightyear comes to life with 20 classic expressions, a unique talking facial expression and famous lines like, "To Infinity and beyond! " and "Buzz Lightyear, Space Ranger.
Blume Dolls, Amazon - £8
A little bit of water reveals a whole lot of magic in the outrageous world of BLUME!
Frozen 2 Into the Unknown Elsa Doll, Argos - £40 / Amazon - £31.99
The epic adventure continues in Disney Frozen 2, the exciting sequel to the hit film, Frozen!
Harry Potter Knight Bus, Argos - £30 / IWOOT - £28.99
Give your child the ride of their life aboard the LEGO Harry Potter 75957 Knight Bus with hinged opening side panel, removable roof, the Shrunken Head and Harry Potter's chest!
LOL Surprise! 2-in-1 Glamper, Argos - £100 / Amazon - £89.97
The 2-in-1 Glamper includes 55+ surprises to unbox, 10+ hangout areas and an exclusive doll.
Nerf Elite Fortnite SP-L, Argos - £20
Children can play Fortnite in real life with this Nerf Elite blaster that has a detachable barrel to customise for different ways to play.
Owleez, Argos - £40 / Amazon - £31.99
Children can teach their own baby owl how to fly and can practice flying together by swinging Owleez through the air!
Paw Patrol Mighty Pups Super Paws Mighty Jet Command Centre, Argos - £50 / Amazon £39.99
This 2-in-1 deluxe team vehicle transforms from a jet into a mobile command centre for the PAW Patrol! Children can take to the skies with the PAW Patrol and their Mighty Jet Command Centre!
Peppa Pig Peppa's Stage Playset, Argos - £24 / Amazon - £19.99
This interactive playset includes loads of props, as well as Peppa and George figures to help bring your child's production to life!
Rizmo, Argos - £60 / Amazon - £39.99
Rizmo plays seven fun games with changing eye colours to show which game you're playing. What a magical friend! With three colours to choose from and six different Rizmo to discover, which Rizmo you will adopt is a mystery!
Ryan's World Super Surprise Safe, Argos - £45 / Amazon - £34.99
This large surprise-filled safe brings new fun to unboxing. Children can use the key to open the safe and discover cool surprises inside, such as articulated figures, mix and match build a characters, treasure, and so much more!


{% extends "postman/base.html" %} {% load i18n static %} {% block extrahead %}{{ block.super }} {% if autocompleter_app.is_active %}{# using the available admin jQuery is enough #} {# should not be necessary since AS v1.3 with AJAX_SELECT_BOOTSTRAP set #} {# #} {% endif %} {{ form.media }}{# for ajax_selects (v1.3.6 at least) #} {% endblock %} {% block container %} {{ block.super }}


Obfuscare is a startup aiming to provide robust obfuscation for WebAssembly.
We will also provide ad-hoc automatic audio/video codec generation for multimedia content protection, with decoders for client devices in WebAssembly.
We believe WebAssembly is the future of the web, and seek to be the first-mover in this field.
Next-generation obfuscation
Obfuscare will provide a holistic obfuscation that intermingles all the executable code and data.
Using various techniques for introducing tight coupling between different segments of code and data,
our obfuscator generates an executable in which everything is coupled with everything via everything else,
difficult to disentangle.
Our approach is based on ad-hoc generation of virtual machine specification for each compilation,
akin to
Warbird VM.
On-demand multimedia codec generation
We believe that in the WebAssembly age, this is no longer going to be the case.
We will provide a subscription to new multimedia codecs automatically generated from a random seed every day, with decoders for clients and encoders for servers.
We have done a number of projects, mainly in compilers and distributed systems.
Now: a working prototype
Q3 2020: (TODO)
Q4 2020: (TODO)
Q1 2021: (TODO)
$10’000 per month for full-time research & development.
Progress report every two weeks, potentially a paper mentioning you as a sponsor.
Additionally, a free subscription once the product is ready.
E-mail: (TODO)
Phone: +7(916)8684356


Welcome to the book discovery app. Here you search for your a book. Find the price and get the ISBN number. You can also save the books you searched for to your account. If you have an certain Author that you liked from a previous book. You can search them in app to find other books written by that Author. And of course sharing is caring. You can share your favorite book with a friend. Just use the share button.


Presentations:
- 2017 Aug. “DREAM training” presentation, by Nick Hall, [PDF]
Technical docs:
Reading shortlist to start with DREAM:
- 2018 N. M. J. Hall, S. Leroux, T. Ambrizzi Transient contributions to the forcing of the atmospheric annual cycle: A diagnostic study with the DREAM model. Climate Dynamics, 1-15, Early Online Release [doi: 10.1007/s00382-018-4539-y].
- 2000 N. M. J. Hall. A Simple GCM Based on Dry Dynamics and Constant Forcing. J. Atmos. Sci., 57:1557– 1572.
- 2006 N. M. J. Hall. Transient disturbances in the atmosphere and Ocean: their growth, transport properties and interaction with the general circulation. HDR.
- 2000 N. M. J. Hall and J. Derome. Transience, Nonlinearity, and Eddy Feedback in the Remote Response to El Nin ̃o. J. Atmos. Sci., 57:3992–4007, 2000.
- 2001 N. M. J. Hall, J. Derome, and H. Lin. The Extratropical Signal Generated by a Midlatitude SST Anomaly. Part I: Sensitivity at Equilibrium. Journal of Climate, 14:2035–2053.
- 2006 N. M. J. Hall, G. N. Kiladis, and C. D. Thorncroft. Three dimensional structure and dynamics of African Easterly Waves. Part II: Dynamical modes. J. Atmos. Sci., 63:2231–2245, 2006.
- 2009 S. Leroux. (in french) Chapter 3 in: Dynamique des ondes d’est africaines: origine, propagation and interaction avec l’environment. PhD thesis, LTHE - UJF Grenoble.
Complete list of studies using DREAM:
- Derome, J., H. Lin, and G. Brunet, 2005: Seasonal forecasting with a simple general circulation model: predictive skill in the AO and PNA. J. of Climate, 18, 597-609.
- Hall, N.M.J., 2000: A simple GCM based on dry dynamics and constant forcing. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 1557-1572.
- Hall, N.M.J., and P.D. Sardeshmukh, 1998: Is the time mean Northern Hemisphere flow baroclinically unstable ? J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 41-56.
- Hall, N.M.J. and J. Derome, 2000: Transience, nonlinearity and eddy feedback in the remote response to El Niño. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 3992-4007.
- Hall, N.M.J., J. Derome, and H. Lin, 2001: The extratropical signal generated by a midlatitude SST anomaly. Part 1: Sensitivity at equilibrium. J. Climate, 14, 2035-2053.
- Hall, N.M.J., H. Lin, and J. Derome, 2001: The extratropical signal generated by a midlatitude SST anomaly. Part 2: Influence on seasonal forecasts. J. Climate, 14, 2696-2709.
- Hall, N.M.J., G.N. Kiladis, and C.T. Thorncroft, 2006: Three dimensional structure and dynamics of African Easterly Waves, part II: Dynamical modes. J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 2231-2245.
- Hall, N.M.J., H. Douville, and L. Li, 2013: Extratropical summertime response to tropical interannual variability in an idealized GCM. J. Climate, 26, 7060-7079.
- Hall, N.M.J., S. Leroux, and T. Ambrizzi, 2019: Transient contributions to the forcing of the atmospheric annual cycle: A diagnostic study with the DREAM model. Climate Dyn. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-018-4539-y
- Hall, H.M.J., H. H. Le, and S. Leroux 2020: The extratropical response to a developing MJO: Forecast and climate simulations with the DREAM model. Climate Dyn. submitted.
- He, J., H. Lin, and Z. Wu, 2011: Another look at influences of the Madden-Julian Oscillation on the wintertime East Asian weather. J. Geophys. Res., 116, doi:10.1029/2010JD014787.
- Janicot, S., F. Mounier, N.M.J. Hall, S. Leroux, B. Sultan, and G. N. Kiladis, 2009: The dynamics of the West African monsoon, part IV: Analysis of 25-90-day variability of convection and the role of the Indian monsoon. J. Climate, 22, 1541-1565.
- Leroux, S., and N.M.J. Hall, 2009: On the relationship between African Easterly Waves and the African Easterly Jet, J. Atmos. Sci., 66, 2303-2316.
- Leroux, S., N.M.J. Hall, and G.N. Kiladis, 2011: Intermittent African Easterly Wave activity in a dry atmospheric model: inﬂuence of the extratropics. J. Climate, 24, 5378-5396.
- Lin, H., 2009: Global extratropical response to diabatic heating variability of the Asian summer monsoon. J. Atmos. Sci. 66, 2693-2713.
- Lin, H., and J. Derome, 2004: Nonlinearity of extratropical response to tropical forcing. J. Climate, 17, 2597-2608.
- Lin, H., and Z. Wu, 2012: Indian Summer Monsoon Influence on the Weather in the North Atlantic-European Region. Clim. Dyn., 39, DOI:10.1007/s00382-011-1286-8, 303-311.
- Lin, H., and G. Brunet 2018: Exratropical response to the MJO: nonlinearity and sensitivity to initial state. J. Atmos. Sci., 75, 219-234. doi:10.1175/JAS-D-17-0189.1.
- Lin, H., G. Brunet, and J. Derome 2007: Intraseasonal variability in a dry atmospheric model, J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 2442-2441.
- Lin, H., J. Derome, and G. Brunet 2009 The Nonlinear Transient Atmospheric Response to Tropical Forcing. J. Climate, 20, 5642-5665.
- Lin, H., G. Brunet, and R. Mo, 2010: Impact of the Madden-Julian Oscillation on wintertime precipitation in Canada. Mon. Wea. Rev., 138, 3822—3839.
- Lin, H., R. Mo, F. Vitart, and C. Stan, 2018: Eastern Canada flooding 2017 and its subseasonal predictions. Atmosphere-Ocean, doi:10.1080/07055900.2018.1547679.
- Lin, H., J. Derome, R. J. Greatbatch, K. A. Peterson, and J. Lu, 2002: Tropical links of the Arctic Oscillation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(20), 1943-1947
- Peterson, A. R. Greatbatch, J. Lu, H. Lin, and J. Derome, 2002: Hindcasting the NAO using diabatic forcing of a simple AGCM. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 10.1029/2001GL014502.
- Tang, Y., H .Lin, J. Derome, and M.K. Tippett, 2007, Measuring the reliability of seasonal predictions for the Arctic Oscillation. J. Climate, 20, 4733-4750.
- Tang, Y., H. Lin, and A. M. Moore, 2008, Measuring the potential predictability of ensemble climate predictions. J. Geophys. Res., 113, D04108, doi:10.1029/2007JD008804.
- Thorncroft, C.T., N.M.J. Hall, and G.N. Kiladis, , 2008: Three dimensional structure and dynamics of African Easterly Waves, part III: Genesis. J. Atmos. Sci., 65, 3596-3607.
- Wu, Z., and H. Lin, 2012: Interdecadal Variability of the ENSO-North Atlantic Oscillation Connection in boreal summer. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 138, 1668-1675.
- Wu, Z., and P. Zhang, 2015: Interdecadal Variability of the mega-ENSO-NAO Synchronization in Winter. Climate Dyn., 45, 1117-1128.
- Wu, Z., J. Dou, and H. Lin, 2014: Potential Influence of the November-December Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode on the East Asian Winter Precipitation: A New Mechanism. Climate Dyn., 44, 1215-1226.
- Wu, Z., B. Wang, J. P. Li, and F.-F. Jin, 2009: An empirical seasonal prediction model of the East Asian summer monsoon using ENSO and NAO. J. Geophys. Res., 114, D18120, DOI:10.1029/2009JD011733.
- Wu, Z., J. P. Li, Z. Jiang, and J. He, 2011: Predictable climate dynamics of abnormal East Asian winter monsoon: once-in-a-century snowstorms in 2007/2008 winter. Climate Dyn., 37, 1661-1669.
- Wu, Z., J. P. Li, Z. Jiang, J. He, and X. Zhu, 2012: Possible effects of the North Atlantic Oscillation on the strengthening relationship between the East Asian summer monsoon and ENSO. Int. J. Climatol., 32, 794-800.
- Wu, Z., J. P. Li, Z. Jiang, and T. Ma, 2012: Modulation of the Tibetan Plateau Snow Cover on the ENSO Teleconnections: From the East Asian Summer Monsoon Perspective. J. Climate, 25, 2481-2489.
- Wu, Z., P. Zhang, H. Chen, and Y. Li, 2016: Can the Tibetan Plateau Snow Cover influence the interannual variations of Eurasian Heat Wave Frequency? Climate Dyn., 46, 3405-3417.
- Wu, Z., Z. Jiang, J. P. Li, S. Zhong, and L. Wang, 2012: Possible Association of the western Tibetan Plateau Snow Cover with the Decadal to Interdecadal Variations of Northern China Heatwave Frequency. Climate Dyn., 39, 2393-2402.
- Yu, B., and H. Lin, 2012: Tropical/Extratropical forcing on wintertime variability of the extratropical temperature and circulation. Clim. Dyn., DOI 10.1007/s00382-012-1367-3.
- Yu, B., and H. Lin, 2013: Tropical American-Atlantic forcing of austral summertime variability in the southern annular mode. Geophy. Res. Lett. , 40, 5, 943-947.
- Yu, B., and H. Lin, 2015: Tropical atmospheric forcing of the wintertime North Atlantic Oscillation. J Climate. 29, 1755-1772.
- Zhang, X., H. Lin, and J. Jiang, 2012: Global response to tropical diabatic heating variability in boreal winter, Adv. Atmos. Sci., 29, 369-380.


See: Description
| Interface | Description |
|---|---|
| AlertCallback |
This callback is invoked when JavaScript alert dialog should be displayed.
|
| AlertCallback.Params |
The parameters of the
AlertCallback . |
| BeforeFormRepostCallback |
This callback is invoked when a web page with POST data is going to be reloaded and the user must
confirm that the POST data can be resubmitted.
|
| BeforeFormRepostCallback.Params |
The parameters of the
BeforeFormRepostCallback . |
| BeforeUnloadCallback |
This callback is invoked when the web page is about to be unloaded.
|
| BeforeUnloadCallback.Params |
The parameters of the
BeforeUnloadCallback . |
| BrowserAsyncCallback<P,R extends AsyncCallbackAction> |
A common interface for all asynchronous browser callbacks.
|
| BrowserCallback |
An interface that all browser callbacks must extend.
|
| BrowserSyncCallback<P,R> |
A common interface that all synchronous browser callbacks must extend.
|
| CertificateErrorCallback |
The callback is invoked when an SSL certificate error occurs during loading a web page.
|
| CertificateErrorCallback.Params |
The parameters of the
CertificateErrorCallback . |
| ConfirmCallback |
This callback is invoked when JavaScript confirmation dialog should be displayed.
|
| ConfirmCallback.Params |
The parameters of the
ConfirmCallback . |
| CreatePopupCallback |
This callback is invoked when browser decides whether a new popup instance can be created or not.
|
| CreatePopupCallback.Params |
The parameters of the
CreatePopupCallback . |
| CreatePopupCallback.Response |
A response of the
CreatePopupCallback . |
| InjectCssCallback |
This callback is invoked when the document element has been created and a custom style sheet can
be injected into the document.
|
| InjectCssCallback.Params |
The parameters of the
InjectCssCallback . |
| InjectCssCallback.Response |
A response of the
InjectCssCallback . |
| InjectJsCallback |
This callback is invoked when the document element has been created and a custom JavaScript can
be injected into the document.
|
| InjectJsCallback.Params |
The parameters of the
InjectJsCallback . |
| InjectJsCallback.Response |
A response of the
InjectJsCallback . |
| OpenFileCallback |
This callback is invoked when the browser requests to display a file chooser dialog to open a
file.
|
| OpenFileCallback.Params |
The parameters of the
OpenFileCallback . |
| OpenFilesCallback |
This callback is invoked when the browser requests to display a file chooser dialog to open
several files.
|
| OpenFilesCallback.Params |
The parameters of the
OpenFilesCallback . |
| OpenFolderCallback |
This callback is invoked when the browser requests to display a file chooser dialog to open a
folder.
|
| OpenFolderCallback.Params |
The parameters of the
OpenFolderCallback . |
| OpenPopupCallback |
This callback is invoked when a new popup browser instance should be opened.
|
| OpenPopupCallback.Params |
The parameters of the
OpenPopupCallback . |
| OpenPopupCallback.Response |
A response of the
OpenPopupCallback . |
| PrintCallback |
The callback that is invoked when the printing is initiated.
|
| PrintCallback.Params |
The parameters of the
PrintCallback . |
| PromptCallback |
This callback is invoked when JavaScript dialog prompting the user to input some text should be
displayed.
|
| PromptCallback.Params |
The parameters of the
PromptCallback . |
| SaveAsPdfCallback |
This callback is invoked when the browser requests to display a file chooser dialog to save
content as PDF.
|
| SaveAsPdfCallback.Params |
The parameters of the
SaveAsPdfCallback . |
| SelectClientCertificateCallback |
This callback is invoked when the web server requires authorization via SSL client certificate.
|
| SelectClientCertificateCallback.Params |
The parameters of the
SelectClientCertificateCallback . |
| SelectColorCallback |
This callback is invoked when the user clicks an
<input type='color'> HTML5 element. |
| SelectColorCallback.Params |
The parameters of the
SelectColorCallback . |
| ShowContextMenuCallback |
This callback is invoked when the browser attempts to display a context menu, for example, when
the user clicks the right mouse button on the web page Flash content.
|
| ShowContextMenuCallback.Params |
The parameters of the
ShowContextMenuCallback . |
| StartDownloadCallback |
The callback that is invoked when the browser is about to start downloading the file.
|
| StartDownloadCallback.Params |
The parameters of the
StartDownloadCallback . |


The inspiration for our map was to display the locations of where Stephen King novels take place. Although the locations in the novels themselves are often made up (Derry is not a real place, for instance) there are a number of theories as to which towns and cities may have inspired them. Our map is a representation of the towns and cities that inspired Stephen King novel settings.
Click on an icon to see the name of the town/city as well as the novel related to it and some information about the novel itself.


Video 1, 2 and 3: Video only must have an alternative
Video 4, 5 and 6: Video must have caption
Video 7, 8 and 9: Video must have audio description


Expected string but received: {0}
This error occurs when linky is used with a non-empty, non-string value:

linky
is supposed to be used with string values only, and therefore assumes that several methods
(such as .match()
) are available on the passed in value.
The value can be initialized asynchronously and therefore null or undefined won't throw this error.
If you want to pass non-string values to linky
(e.g. Objects whose .toString()
should be
utilized), you need to manually convert them to strings.


A MONTH BY THE LAKE A film review by Christopher Null Copyright 1995 Christopher Null
Take a base of ENCHANTED APRIL, a little of THE POSTMAN, maybe some MEDITERRANEO, throw them together, and what do you get? A mess, to be sure, and I'm guessing it the result is something like A MONTH BY THE LAKE, John Irvin's new film about two star-crossed lovers who find romance in their "golden years."
Vanessa Redgrave and Edward Fox play the leads of Miss Beaumont and Major Paulo, aging British singles who vacation at a lake in 1937 Italy, just before World War II. The pair soon discover each other: She is a headstrong photographer. He is a crusty businessman who dabbles in sleight-of-hand. Clearly, they are meant for each other, and a love/hate relationship develops on the spot. As the romance progresses, the two abuse and play off each other's insecurities so well, you'd think they really were a couple. When youngsters Miss Bentley (Uma Thurman) and Vittorio enter the picture and complicate matters, the film becomes a game of sly cat and mouse, where you never know who is chasing after whom.
The fundamental problem is that A MONTH BY THE LAKE is supposed to be a romance, but the emotions of love are dreadfully lacking from all the players, probably because Trevor Bentham's spare script doesn't provide any room for these feelings. As far as I could tell, the supreme act that pushes Miss Beaumont head over heels for the Major is the fact that he sends her flowers as a peace offering over one of their spats. It just isn't that easy.  When Miss Beaumont falls for him, it's really kind of depressing.
That aside, the film is well-made and has some funny moments, particularly when the principals are acting spiteful. Also, the picture's true worth comes out in its theme of the impending war and in making us feel that this idyllic lakeside village is doomed when the inevitable bombing begins. I don't know if that was the message they were shooting for when making a romance, but that's what they got, and ultimately, this unexpected power is what makes the film worthwhile.
RATING: ***
\-------------------------------\ |* Unquestionably awful | |** Sub-par on many levels | |*** Average, hits and misses | |**** Good, memorable film | |***** Perfection | \-------------------------------\
-Christopher Null /<EMAIL_ADDRESS>-E-mail request to join the movie review mailing list
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Nameless Spirit:
Hmmm? You already brought me the song. We don't need to talk further. I just need to settle with him. (This quest has already been completed. Please move on to the next step, "Journey to a Settlement".)


This town is famous for its vineyards. It sits on a peninsula conected to the mainland by a narrow causeway. It is an attractive town of narrow, mediaeval streets.
Position 43°35′N, 15°55′E. (Premosten)
Position 43°34′02"N, 15°50′06"E. (Kremik Marina)
Clearance is available at Kremik marina during the summer.
Last updated February 2014.
There is a quay on the southern side of the old town where visiting yachts have the option of mooring on the short town quay, where there are laid moorings with water and electricity, or picking up one of the dozen or so mooring buoys laid along the beach on the E side of the bay. Shelter is good in most conditions except strong SW winds, when it becomes very poor to untenable.
There is also a good anchorage in the bay, although again this is open to the south. A more sheltered berth may be found in the inlet to the east.
In settled weather, the bay just north of the town isthmus is a good anchorage.
About 2nm south of Premosten, is the very sheltered Kremik marina.
Last updated July 2015.
Kremik Marina


^^ | daybreak ^^ \ _ / -= / \ =- ~^~ ^ ^~^~ ~^~ ~ ~^~~^~^-=~=~=-~^~^~^~
Daybreak is a simple key value store for ruby. It has user defined persistence, and all data is stored in a table in memory, so ruby niceties are available. Daybreak's is faster than pstore and more convenient than dbm.
The souce is on Github and you can install it with:
$ gem install daybreak
(v0.0.3) | API Docs | Issue Tracker
Daybreak stores data in an append-only file, and values inserted into the database are marshalled ruby objects. It includes Enumerable for functional methods like map and reduce and emulates the interface of a simple ruby hash. Here is the basic api:
require 'daybreak'
db = Daybreak::DB.new "example.db"
# set the value of a key
db['foo'] = 2
# set the value of a key and flush the change to disk
db.set! 'bar', 2
# all keys are cast to strings via #to_s
db[1] = 2
db.keys.include? 1 # => false
db.keys.include? '1' # => true
# ensure changes are sent to disk
db.flush!
# open up another db client
db2 = Daybreak::DB.new "example.db"
db2['foo'] = 3
# Ruby objects work too
db2['baz'] = {:one => 1}
db2.flush!
# Reread the changed file in the first db
db.read!
p db['foo'] #=> 3
p db['baz'] #=> {:one => 1}
# Enumerable works too!
1000.times {|i| db[i] = i }
p db.reduce(0) {|m, k, v| m + k.last } # => 499500
# Compaction is always a good idea. It will cut down on the size of the Database
db.compact!
p db['foo'] #=> 1
db2.read!
p db2['foo'] #=> 1
# DBs can have default values
db3 = Daybreak::DB.new "example2.db", 'hello!'
db3['bingo'] #=> hello!
# Not a fan of Marshal? Inherit from Daybreak::DB and rewrite serialize and parse
require 'json'
class JSONDB < Daybreak::DB
def serialize(it)
it.to_json
end
def parse(it)
JSON.parse(it)
end
end
jsondb = JSONDB.new 'json.db'
jsondb[1] = {'one' => 1}
jsondb.close!
jsondb = JSONDB.new 'json.db'
jsondb[1]
#=> {'one' => 1}
# close the databases
jsondb.close!
db.close!
db2.close!
db3.close!
Daybreak::DB can be subclassed if you want a different serialization strategy (for example, JSON). If so override DB#parse and DB#serialize
When a Daybreak database is opened it reads the append only file and mirrors the data in an in memory hash table for fast reads.
Writes to a Daybreak database are asynchronous and each write is queued until the file is ready for writing, via IO.select. If you want to commit immediately to the file call flush! after a write.
Writes with duplicate keys are simply appended to the end of the file. From time to time you will want to run compact! which will remove old commits from the file and create a smaller logfile. This will shrink the space necessary to store the data on disk.
Daybreak stores its data in the simplest file format imaginable. Each Daybreak file is an append only log consisting of alternating key and value cells. Every key-value pair also has an associated 32 bit CRC field to protect against bad data. Each cell starts with a 32 bit unsigned big-endian integer representing the length of the value stored in the cell. Here is how a database of one record might look like:
| Key | Value | CRC | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Encoded Length | String Key | Encoded Length | Marshalled Value | CRC32(key, value) |
| (...)0000101 | hello | (...)0001010 | <marshalled value> |
These values are all read into an in memory hash table and commits to the database are queued for writing when the OS signals the file is ready. A reminder: pass true as the last argument to set, or call flush! if you want commits to block and be written to the filesystem.
Copyright (c) 2012, ProPublica Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
Daybreak is a project of ProPublica.


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'Walsall were excellent, full of confidence!' Saddlers fans on well-deserved Cambridge win - WATCH
Walsall fans spoke to Nathan Judah following the 2-1 win over Cambridge in League Two.
by Nathan JudahJosh Gordon, on the back of his hat-trick in mid-week, opened the scoring within the first minute, getting on the end of Shay Facey’s cross.
Mat Sadler then made it two after 10 minutes, when he met Alfie Bates’ corner with a powerful header.
Harvey Knibbs added a goal for Cambridge in injury time, but the Saddlers hung on for the victory.


--- layout: post title: Uniform Forms in Rails tags: - Coding status: publish type: post published: true meta: _edit_last: "1" --- In my travels as a Rails developer I write or rather generate a lot of forms. In most web applications I build it's desirable to have forms that look uniform across the entire application. I have been working on apps where I wish I had one place to change the out put of all forms. To solve this problem I wrote a helper that renders a partial and outputs one form look for the entire app. First lets look at the code in the view of the form
<% label = f.label :email %>
<% element = f.text_field :email %>
<% help = 'Please enter a valid email address' %>
<%= form_element label, element, help %>
Here we are in side a form_for block. This is the standard form_for block rails scaffolding builds for us. I am setting both the label and the form element and passing it to values. I suspect there is a better way to do this with blocks. If there is please reply to my post and let me know.
Next lets look at the form_element method.
def form_element(label, field, help)
return render :partial => 'shared/form_element', :locals => { :label => label, :field => field, :help => help }
end
Basically renders a partial and passes all the values to it. Here is the partial
<%= label %>
<%= field %>
<%= help %>
Done.


Sorry y'all, Dreams are off limits at the time.
I plan on releasing them sometime in the future.
They're currently a mess and far from what I'd like to offer to any sorts of audience.
The dreams exceeded hundreds of thousands of words and counting
For now, I'll just share a very small selection
What are the Dreams you might ask?
Well, they're a mix of fairly objective and very subjective recollections of key points in my recent life, that were more or less groundedly scrounged up.
The main problem I have with them, is that they are too detailed and some of it just simply not really that good to be seen by y'all. Recorded at times hastily, at times emotionally, at times very messily with overall quality not meeting my expectations.
But the documentation is thorough and I intend on looking back at it once I live a little.
In the end, I think there's plenty of good material to look back on.


Overview
iQmetrix APIs are simple but powerful HTTP interfaces that are inspired by the REST architectural style. These are the same APIs that our internal development teams use to build products.
We are passionate about creating a great developer experience for you so please don’t hesitate to contact our API Support Team with any feedback related to API design, usability, or features that you are interested to see.
Onboarding Package
As part of the onboarding process, you will receive an onboarding package from the iQmetrix API team.
This package provides you with credentials required to access iQmetrix APIs.
If you need an onboarding package, contact {{contact_support}}.
Authentication
iQmetrix APIs use OAuth2 for authentication, and all requests must be made over HTTPS.
When using our APIs, your account must be authenticated by including an {{AccessToken_Glossary}} in the header of all API requests. Requests made over plain HTTP or without authentication will fail.
To learn more about authentication, see Obtaining an Access Token.
Environments
iQmetrix APIs are provisioned into environments that let you start developing and testing integrated solutions quickly and easily.
Production
The production environment allows you to use your integrated solutions once deployed.
Sandbox
The sandbox environment allows you to develop and test integrated solutions or try out new features of iQmetrix APIs without compromising data in your production environment.
API calls in the Sandbox environment are free of charge and will not affect your billing.
Sandbox environments will be provisioned with tenant-specific test data.
Rate Limiting
Requests to the iQmetrix APIs are limited to help to manage server load, ensuring that high API request volumes do not impact overall performance.
They also help to protect from deliberate or accidental denial of service as a result of APIs being flooded with requests.
If you run into the 429 Too Many Requests
error, please contact {{contact_support}}
Rate Limit Policies
All rate limits are applied per service, not aggregated across all services.
There are three rate limit policies that are applied to the APIs.
Authenticated Limit
The Authenticated Limit policy determines how many Authenticated Requests can be made during the Rate Limit Window.
Authenticated Requests are made to iQmetrix APIs that require authentication, and include an {{AccessToken_Glossary}} in the HTTP Header.
To determine the limit, make an Authenticated Request to an iQmetrix API, then check the X-RateLimit-Limit
HTTP Header of the response.
Anonymous Limit
The Anonymous Limit policy determines how many Anonymous Requests can be made during the Rate Limit Window.
Anonymous Requests are made to iQmetrix APIs that do not require authentication.
To determine the limit, make an Anonymous Request to an iQmetrix API, then check the X-RateLimit-Limit
HTTP Header of the response.
Rate Limit Window
The Rate Limit Window policy determines when the current rate limit will be reset.
To determine the limit, make a request to an iQmetrix API, then check the X-RateLimit-Reset
HTTP Header of the response.
HTTP Headers
All responses from the iQmetrix API’s have the following headers, which provide information about how many requests are remaining.
| Header Name | Description |
|---|---|
| X-RateLimit-Limit | The maximum number of requests allowed in the current rate limit window |
| X-RateLimit-Remaining | The number of requests remaining in the current rate limit window |
| X-RateLimit-Reset | The time when the rate limit window will reset in UTC |
| X-RateLimit-ResetSeconds | The number of seconds until the rate limit resets |
Checking a Rate Limit
Example Request
GET https://crmdemo.iqmetrix.net/v1/Companies(14146)/Customers
Authorization: Bearer (Access Token)
Accept: application/json
Example Response
HTTP 200 Content-Type: application/json
X-RateLimit-Limit: 1000
X-RateLimit-Remaining: 999
X-RateLimit-Reset: 2016-02-25T13:00:00.0000000Z
X-RateLimit-ResetSeconds: 59
{
...
}
To determine the Authenticated Rate Limit for an API, make an authenticated request to the API and check the HTTP headers in the response.
In the example below, a request is made to the Customers API with a valid {{AccessToken_Glossary}} in the Authorization
header.
Looking at the HTTP headers in the response, we can determine:
- Our rate limit window ends in 59 seconds or at precisely 2016-02-25T13:00:00.0000000Z UTC
- In the next 59 seconds we can make 999 more requests
- In 59 seconds, or at 2016-02-25T13:00:00.0000000Z UTC, the counter will reset and we will be able to make another 1000 requests
Exceeding Rate Limit
Example
HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Content-Type: text/plain
X-RateLimit-Limit: 1000
X-RateLimit-Remaining: 0
X-RateLimit-Reset: 2015-04-16T17:46:00.0000000Z
X-RateLimit-ResetSeconds: 59
rate limit exceeded
If the rate limit is exceeded, the response will be 429 Too Many Requests
and the service will not be able to make further requests until the quota resets.
Supported Response Formats
Example
Accept: application/json
Most iQmetrix APIs support the json
and hal+json
response formats depending on the type of request. Documentation for each individual API will explicitly state which response formats are supported.
When sending an API request, you can select the format to return by defining the value in the HTTP Accept header, using the syntax Accept: {ResponseFormat}
.
Testing and Debugging
iQmetrix uses Postman when developing, testing, and debugging our APIs. Postman also gives you the ability to import and export collections to manage API requests and environment variables when debugging APIs.
To learn more about installing Postman and its various features, see Postman Documentation.
From an iQmetrix perspective, each collection represents a set of methods for an endpoint or guide. All collections use the Sandbox {{Environment}}.
The Postman collections that are available on our developer portal are organized by API or guide. The environment variable values (e.g. {CompanyId} ) would be provided from other sources, such as from your onboarding package.
The iQmetrix API collections below are in RAML format, instead of JSON. Postman supports RAML as a format for collections. For more information on importing RAML folders into Postman, see Postman - Importing Folders.
Table 1: API Collections
| Topic | Endpoint | Collection |
|---|---|---|
| General | Catalog | Catalog |
| General | Company Tree | Company Tree |
| General | Customers | Customers |
| Dropship | Cost Feed | Cost Feed |
| Dropship | Product Feed | Product Feed |
| Dropship | Product Subscription | Product Subscription |
| Dropship | Shipping Aggregator | Shipping Aggregator |
| Dropship | Shipping Options | Shipping Options |
| Dropship | Supplier Availability | Supplier Availability |
| Dropship | Supplier Orders | TBD |
| General | Entities | Entities |
| General | General Ledger | General Ledger |
| General | Inventory Availability | Inventory Availability |
| General | Orders | Orders |
| Partners | Partner Reporting | Partner Reporting |
| Partners | Partner Relationships | Partner Relationships |
| General | Pricing | Pricing |
| Product Library | Classification Tree | Classification Tree |
| Product Library | Field Definitions | Field Definitions |
| Product Library | Products | Products |
| Product Library | Product Structure | Product Structure |
| General | Reference | Reference |
| RQ | Carrier Integration | Carrier Integration |
| RQ | CMI | CMI |
| RQ | Commissions | Commissions |
| RQ | Electronic Product Catalog (EPC) | EPC |
| RQ | Punch Clock | Punch Clock |
| RQ | RQ Data Connect | RQ Data Connect |
| RQ | RQ Data Connect Bridge | RQ Data Connect Bridge |
| General | Security Roles | Security Roles |
| General | User Manager | User Manager |
Table 2: Guide Collections
| Endpoint | Collection |
|---|---|
| Creating an In Store Order | Collection |
| Dropship Test Order Guide | Order Collection |
| eCommerce Integration Guide | Collection |
| Endless Aisle Integration Guide | Collection |
Versioning
The API version is shown in the endpoint’s URL (e.g. /v1). Newer API versions will be highlighted in their respective API reference documentation.
Should there be a breaking change to an existing API, iQmetrix will trigger a release of a newer version and notify stakeholders. Please take note that not all API versions will be backward compatible.


"Whoever kills an innocent life it is as if he has killed all of humanity"
Featured Articles
Medina and Athena: Restoring a Lost Legacy
“Education is a high word; it is the preparation for knowledge, and it is the imparting of knowledge in proportion to that preparation.”
Orientalists, Militants, and the Meanings of Jihad
The Arabic word jihād means struggle, exertion, or effort, and the frequently encountered Arabic phrase al-jihād fī sabīl Allāh means “striving in the path of God.”
Why Does One Have to Follow a Madhhab?
Buti: “I intend to publish these remarks as yours. They are dangerous, and strange.” Salafi: “Publish whatever you want. I’m not afraid.”
A warning we should heed
The message of Islam is that pursuit of money for its own sake is unnatural, inhumane, and will lead us to catastrophe
The Curse and the Promise: Religion and Violence
The Cain and Abel story, a kind of primordial parable of the human tragedy, needs to be read carefully by those who would build holy dictatorships in our time.
Muharram: Mankind’s Memorial
Muharram is our achievement, insofar as it is a timeless commemoration of the victory of Truth over Falsehood.


Who I am
A few words about Mirò
Mirò, formally known as Diego Riveros, is a young artist from Montréal. He does his own music, software and sounds for his own projects. His interest for technology gave an opening of possibilities for the creation of his music with the integration of musical coding. Now, he wants to share his knowledge with your production.
He has trained as a jazz performer and learned how to compose and make musical arrangements at that time. Afterwards, he on got a degree in digital music from the University of Montreal. There, he learned techniques to sound design, field recording, studio recording and software creation.
For all your musical needs
With the latest technology
DSP coding
Video games sound integration, plugins, experimental projects. If you have something clear in mind, I can make it happen.
Composing/Producing
In any genre, style or project with the musical background I've been trough, I will be the future architect of your projects.
Mix/Master
Delivernig the best results possible for all your needs. Radio, iTunes, CD Album. It will sound good on any listening platform.
Voice-over
If you need to do the vocals of a singer, for a video, video game or music video.
Live Sound/Recording
If you need sound equipment for your event, a sound engineer or a recording of your live performance.
Sound design
Need a sound bank for your project, for your video game or else. I will deliver with unique sounds that will give your project a boost in quality.


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