THE ROAD HOME (Wo de fu qin mu qin) -----------------------------------
Luo Yusheng (Honglie Sun) is called home from the city by the mayor of his hometown when his father dies. The mayor (Guifa Chang, present day) has a problem honoring his mother's wish to have her husband's casket carried back to their rural village, as all the able bodied men have moved into the city. His grief stricken mother (Yuelin Zhao, present day) makes Yusheng recall her and his father's locally legendary courtship and he becomes determined to enact the old custom designed to keep his deceased father from forgetting "The Road Home."
LAURA:
Director Zhang Yimou ("Ju Dou," "Raise the Red Lantern") ends a trilogy of sorts with "The Road Home," his third based-on-fact tale revolving around a determined young woman after "The Story of Qui Ju" and "Not One Less." While the first two films were shot in a grittier style than his previous work, "The Road Home" is a lush, widescreen film with images recalling his earlier work "Ju Dou."
 When a new schoolteacher arrives, the entire town turns out to see him and Di is immediately smitten with the young man. Luo Changyu (Hao Zheng) makes eye contact with the pigtailed girl in the bright red jacket.
Di goes out of her way to cross Changyu's path, even travelling to the farther well behind the schoolhouse for her water (a comical scene shows a local foil Changyu's attempt to also get water while Di is at the well). Eventually, it's the Zhaos' turn to host dinner for Changyu and he presents Di with a barrette to match her jacket. A dramatic separation is followed by a harsher one as Changyu is called back to the city (Mao's reversal on his educational program), and then again after he defies city officials and sneaks back to see Di.
This moving tale is adapted from his novel "Remembrance" by Bao San. Very little dialogue is used in the central flashback, where images speak and non-obtrusive narration fills in the story. The themes of everlasting love and home are referred to often in simple, almost offhand ways. Memory keeps love alive with the imagined sound of a loved one's voice.
Zhang Ziyi, who went on to international acclaim after "Crouching Tiger," is luminous as the young Di - after a look from the handsome Changyu, her face brightens even more - this is star wattage. Zhang Yimou, who first discovered Gong Li, has an eye for talented and photogenic actresses.
Present day scenes are filmed in a bluish black and white and set in a snowy winter, while the central flashback is in glorious color. The past is dreamlike perfection, somewhat like "The Wizard of Oz," where home was also the desired end. The film will also recall "Witness" as men build a new school while women prepare their lunch or Majid Majidi's "Children of Heaven," where the beauty of a craftman at work is celebrated. Zhang's current heroine chases after the mayor's vehicle down a dirt road just as his last did in "Not One Less."
Cinematographer Yong Hou ("Not One Less") frames Di in a doorway surrounded by bright orange pumpkins as the son recalls his father saying that sight of his mother was like a portrait.  Editor Ru Zhai ("Not One Less") dissolves shots of Di both coming and going on her daily trek to find a lost hairpiece. (That barrette makes one wonder if Zhang will be typecast receiving and losing hair ornaments to men!) The one unfortunate note in this symphony of filmmaking is Bao San's score, which borders on plagarizing the theme from "Braveheart."
Yusheng honors his parents at film's end by teaching one class in his father's old school. 'Know the past, know the present' chant the students. "The Road Home" poignantly shows us both through the eyes of a son just coming to understand his father's lesson.
A-
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// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. // You may obtain a copy of the License at // // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 // // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and // limitations under the License. // Copyright 2008 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved. /** * @fileoverview Helper class for creating stubs for testing. * */ goog.provide('goog.testing.PropertyReplacer'); goog.require('goog.userAgent'); /** * Helper class for stubbing out variables and object properties for unit tests. * This class can change the value of some variables before running the test * cases, and to reset them in the tearDown phase. * See googletest.StubOutForTesting as an analogy in Python: * http://protobuf.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/python/stubout.py * * Example usage: *
var stubs = new goog.testing.PropertyReplacer(); * * function setUp() { * // Mock functions used in all test cases. * stubs.set(Math, 'random', function() { * return 4; // Chosen by fair dice roll. Guaranteed to be random. * }); * } * * function tearDown() { * stubs.reset(); * } * * function testThreeDice() { * // Mock a constant used only in this test case. * stubs.set(goog.global, 'DICE_COUNT', 3); * assertEquals(12, rollAllDice()); * }
 * * Constraints on altered objects: *
 *
DOM subclasses aren't supported. *
The value of the objects' constructor property must either be equal to * the real constructor or kept untouched. In the latter case the objects' * toString() method musn't be overridden. *
 * * @constructor */ goog.testing.PropertyReplacer = function() { /** * Stores the values changed by the set() method in chronological order. * Its items are objects with 3 fields: 'object', 'key', 'value'. The * original value for the given key in the given object is stored under the * 'value' key. * @type {Array.<Object>} * @private */ this.original_ = []; }; /** * Indicates that a key didn't exist before having been set by the set() method. * @type {Object} * @private */ goog.testing.PropertyReplacer.NO_SUCH_KEY_ = {}; /** * Tells if the given key exists in the object. Ignores inherited fields. * @param {Object|Function} obj The JavaScript or native object or function * whose key is to be checked. * @param {string} key The key to check. * @return {boolean} Whether the object has the key as own key. * @private */ goog.testing.PropertyReplacer.hasKey_ = function(obj, key) { if (!(key in obj)) { return false; } // hasOwnProperty is only reliable with JavaScript objects. It returns false // for built-in DOM attributes. if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key)) { return true; } // In all browsers except Opera obj.constructor never equals to Object if // obj is an instance of a native class. In Opera we have to fall back on // examining obj.toString(). if (obj.constructor == Object && (!goog.userAgent.OPERA || obj.toString() == '[object Object]')) { return false; } try { // Firefox hack to consider "className" part of the HTML elements or // "body" part of document. Although they are defined in the prototype of // HTMLElement or Document, accessing them this way throws an exception. //
 // var dummy = document.body.constructor.prototype.className // [Exception... "Cannot modify properties of a WrappedNative"] //
 var dummy = obj.constructor.prototype[key]; } catch (e) { return true; } return !(key in obj.constructor.prototype); }; /** * Deletes a key from an object. Sets it to undefined or empty string if the * delete failed. * @param {Object|Function} obj The object or function to delete a key from. * @param {string} key The key to delete. * @private */ goog.testing.PropertyReplacer.deleteKey_ = function(obj, key) { try { delete obj[key]; // Delete has no effect for built-in properties of DOM nodes in FF. if (!goog.testing.PropertyReplacer.hasKey_(obj, key)) { return; } } catch (e) { // IE throws TypeError when trying to delete properties of native objects // (e.g. DOM nodes or window), even if they have been added by JavaScript. } obj[key] = undefined; if (obj[key] == 'undefined') { // Some properties such as className in IE are always evaluated as string // so undefined will become 'undefined'. obj[key] = ''; } }; /** * Changes a value in an object while saving its original state. * @param {Object|Function} obj The JavaScript or native object or function to * alter. See the constraints in the class description. * @param {string} key The key to change the value for. * @param {*} value The new value to set. */ goog.testing.PropertyReplacer.prototype.set = function(obj, key, value) { var origValue = goog.testing.PropertyReplacer.hasKey_(obj, key) ? obj[key] : goog.testing.PropertyReplacer.NO_SUCH_KEY_; this.original_.push({object: obj, key: key, value: origValue}); obj[key] = value; }; /** * Builds an object structure for the provided namespace path. Doesn't * overwrite those prefixes of the path that are already objects or functions. * @param {string} path The path to create or alter, e.g. 'goog.ui.Menu'. * @param {*} value The value to set. */ goog.testing.PropertyReplacer.prototype.setPath = function(path, value) { var parts = path.split('.'); var obj = goog.global; for (var i = 0; i < parts.length - 1; i++) { var part = parts[i]; if (part == 'prototype' && !obj[part]) { throw Error('Cannot set the prototype of ' + parts.slice(0, i).join('.')); } if (!goog.isObject(obj[part]) && !goog.isFunction(obj[part])) { this.set(obj, part, {}); } obj = obj[part]; } this.set(obj, parts[parts.length - 1], value); }; /** * Deletes the key from the object while saving its original value. * @param {Object|Function} obj The JavaScript or native object or function to * alter. See the constraints in the class description. * @param {string} key The key to delete. */ goog.testing.PropertyReplacer.prototype.remove = function(obj, key) { if (goog.testing.PropertyReplacer.hasKey_(obj, key)) { this.original_.push({object: obj, key: key, value: obj[key]}); goog.testing.PropertyReplacer.deleteKey_(obj, key); } }; /** * Resets all changes made by goog.testing.PropertyReplacer.prototype.set. */ goog.testing.PropertyReplacer.prototype.reset = function() { for (var i = this.original_.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) { var original = this.original_[i]; if (original.value == goog.testing.PropertyReplacer.NO_SUCH_KEY_) { goog.testing.PropertyReplacer.deleteKey_(original.object, original.key); } else { original.object[original.key] = original.value; } delete this.original_[i]; } this.original_.length = 0; };


×
Coffee Mocha
Like a coffee latte, coffee mocha is based on espresso and hot milk, but with added chocolate, typically in
the form of sweet cocoa powder, although many varieties use chocolate syrup. Mochas can contain dark or milk
chocolate.
Coffee mocha, in its most basic formulation, can also be referred to as hot chocolate with (e.g., a shot of)
espresso added. Like cappuccino, caffè mochas typically contain the distinctive milk froth on top, although,
as is common with hot chocolate, they are sometimes served with whipped cream instead. They are usually topped
with a dusting of either cinnamon or cocoa powder, and marshmallows may also be added on top for flavor and
decoration.
A variant is white caffè mocha, made with white chocolate instead of milk or dark. There are also variants of the drink that
mix the two syrups; this mixture is referred to by several names, including black and white mocha, marble mocha,
tan mocha, tuxedo mocha, and zebra


Danny had a plan to pull a prank at the spring festival. He sent his buddy Pip to put a gallon of milk, with its cap off, on top of a stack of boxes by the band stand. Danny put a string on the milk jug, and hung it past a spot that he hid in. As the band set up, his plan was to dump the milk on them, but the milk slid and he just got himself wet.
in-context


|
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| PREV PACKAGE NEXT PACKAGE | FRAMES NO FRAMES |
| Class Summary | |
|---|---|
| ColumnExpression | A expression to allow for custom columns and functions to be called as part of a "select" portion of a sql statment. |
| DataConnectionManager | This is the main class used for connecting to the SQLite database. |
| JoinExecutor | |
| Relationship | |
| SqlExecutor<T> | Used to continue a SqlStatement to interact with the database. |
| SqlStatement | The main way to interact with the database. |
| WhereExecutor<T> | Used to specify an equality in a where statement. |
| Enum Summary | |
|---|---|
| JoinExecutor.JoinType | User to represent various join types for a database. |
| Relationship.RelationshipType | |
| StatementParts | An enum of the different parts of a sql statement. |
| StatementType | An enum of the supported sql statement parts. |
| Exception Summary | |
|---|---|
| DataConnectionException | An exception that is thrown when something goes wrong with interaction with the database. |
|
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| PREV PACKAGE NEXT PACKAGE | FRAMES NO FRAMES |


{% extends "tutorial.html" %} {% block iscompatible %} {% endblock %} {% block head %} {% endblock %} {% block content %}
This comprehensive primer on the internal operations of WebKit and Gecko is the result of much research done by Israeli developer Tali Garsiel. Over a few years, she reviewed all the published data about browser internals (see Resources) and spent a lot of time reading web browser source code. She wrote:
In the years of IE 90% dominance there was nothing much to do but regard the browser as a "black box", but now, with open source browsers having more than half of the usage share, it's a good time to take a peek under the engine's hood and see what's inside a web browser. Well, what's inside are millions of C++ lines...Tali published her research on her site, but we knew it deserved a larger audience, so we've cleaned it up and republished it here.
As a web developer, learning the internals of browser operations helps you make better decisions and know the justifications behind development best practices. While this is a rather lengthy document, we recommend you spend some time digging in; we guarantee you'll be glad you did. Paul Irish, Chrome Developer Relations
This article has been translated into a few languages: HTML5 Rocks hosts the German, Spanish, Japanese, Portuguese, Russian and Simplified Chinese versions. You can view the externally hosted translations of Korean and Turkish as well.
You can also watch Tali Garsiel give a talk on this topic on Vimeo:
Web browsers are the most widely used software.
In this primer, I will explain how they work behind the scenes.
We will see what happens when you type google.com
in the address bar until you see the Google page on the browser screen.
There are five major browsers used on desktop today: Chrome, Internet Explorer, Firefox, Safari and Opera. On mobile, the main browsers are Android Browser, iPhone, Opera Mini and Opera Mobile, UC Browser, the Nokia S40/S60 browsers and Chrome–all of which, except for the Opera browsers, are based on WebKit. I will give examples from the open source browsers Firefox and Chrome, and Safari (which is partly open source). According to StatCounter statistics (as of June 2013) Chrome, Firefox and Safari make up around 71% of global desktop browser usage. On mobile, Android Browser, iPhone and Chrome constitute around 54% of usage.
The main function of a browser is to present the web resource you choose, by requesting it from the server and displaying it in the browser window. The resource is usually an HTML document, but may also be a PDF, image, or some other type of content. The location of the resource is specified by the user using a URI (Uniform Resource Identifier).
The way the browser interprets and displays HTML files is specified in the HTML and CSS specifications. These specifications are maintained by the W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) organization, which is the standards organization for the web. For years browsers conformed to only a part of the specifications and developed their own extensions. That caused serious compatibility issues for web authors. Today most of the browsers more or less conform to the specifications.
Browser user interfaces have a lot in common with each other. Among the common user interface elements are:
Strangely enough, the browser's user interface is not specified in any formal specification, it just comes from good practices shaped over years of experience and by browsers imitating each other. The HTML5 specification doesn't define UI elements a browser must have, but lists some common elements. Among those are the address bar, status bar and tool bar. There are, of course, features unique to a specific browser like Firefox's downloads manager.
The browser's main components are (1.1):
It is important to note that browsers such as Chrome run multiple instances of the rendering engine: one for each tab. Each tab runs in a separate process.
The responsibility of the rendering engine is well... Rendering, that is display of the requested contents on the browser screen.
By default the rendering engine can display HTML and XML documents and images. It can display other types of data via plug-ins or extension; for example, displaying PDF documents using a PDF viewer plug-in. However, in this chapter we will focus on the main use case: displaying HTML and images that are formatted using CSS.
Different browsers use different rendering engines: Internet Explorer uses Trident, Firefox uses Gecko, Safari uses WebKit. Chrome and Opera (from version 15) use Blink, a fork of WebKit.
WebKit is an open source rendering engine which started as an engine for the Linux platform and was modified by Apple to support Mac and Windows. See webkit.org for more details.
The rendering engine will start getting the contents of the requested document from the networking layer. This will usually be done in 8kB chunks.
After that, this is the basic flow of the rendering engine:
The rendering engine will start parsing the HTML document and convert elements to DOM nodes in a tree called the "content tree". The engine will parse the style data, both in external CSS files and in style elements. Styling information together with visual instructions in the HTML will be used to create another tree: the render tree.
The render tree contains rectangles with visual attributes like color and dimensions. The rectangles are in the right order to be displayed on the screen.
After the construction of the render tree it goes through a "layout" process. This means giving each node the exact coordinates where it should appear on the screen. The next stage is painting–the render tree will be traversed and each node will be painted using the UI backend layer.
It's important to understand that this is a gradual process. For better user experience, the rendering engine will try to display contents on the screen as soon as possible. It will not wait until all HTML is parsed before starting to build and layout the render tree. Parts of the content will be parsed and displayed, while the process continues with the rest of the contents that keeps coming from the network.
From figures 3 and 4 you can see that although WebKit and Gecko use slightly different terminology, the flow is basically the same.
Gecko calls the tree of visually formatted elements a "Frame tree". Each element is a frame. WebKit uses the term "Render Tree" and it consists of "Render Objects". WebKit uses the term "layout" for the placing of elements, while Gecko calls it "Reflow". "Attachment" is WebKit's term for connecting DOM nodes and visual information to create the render tree. A minor non-semantic difference is that Gecko has an extra layer between the HTML and the DOM tree. It is called the "content sink" and is a factory for making DOM elements. We will talk about each part of the flow:
Since parsing is a very significant process within the rendering engine, we will go into it a little more deeply. Let's begin with a little introduction about parsing.
Parsing a document means translating it to a structure the code can use. The result of parsing is usually a tree of nodes that represent the structure of the document. This is called a parse tree or a syntax tree.
For example, parsing the expression 2 + 3 - 1 could return this tree:
Parsing is based on the syntax rules the document obeys: the language or format it was written in. Every format you can parse must have deterministic grammar consisting of vocabulary and syntax rules. It is called a context free grammar. Human languages are not such languages and therefore cannot be parsed with conventional parsing techniques.
Parsing can be separated into two sub processes: lexical analysis and syntax analysis.
Lexical analysis is the process of breaking the input into tokens. Tokens are the language vocabulary: the collection of valid building blocks. In human language it will consist of all the words that appear in the dictionary for that language.
Syntax analysis is the applying of the language syntax rules.
Parsers usually divide the work between two components: the lexer (sometimes called tokenizer) that is responsible for breaking the input into valid tokens, and the parser that is responsible for constructing the parse tree by analyzing the document structure according to the language syntax rules. The lexer knows how to strip irrelevant characters like white spaces and line breaks.
The parsing process is iterative. The parser will usually ask the lexer for a new token and try to match the token with one of the syntax rules. If a rule is matched, a node corresponding to the token will be added to the parse tree and the parser will ask for another token.
If no rule matches, the parser will store the token internally, and keep asking for tokens until a rule matching all the internally stored tokens is found. If no rule is found then the parser will raise an exception. This means the document was not valid and contained syntax errors.
In many cases the parse tree is not the final product. Parsing is often used in translation: transforming the input document to another format. An example is compilation. The compiler that compiles source code into machine code first parses it into a parse tree and then translates the tree into a machine code document.
In figure 5 we built a parse tree from a mathematical expression. Let's try to define a simple mathematical language and see the parse process.
Vocabulary: Our language can include integers, plus signs and minus signs.
Syntax:
Let's analyze the input 2 + 3 - 1.
The first substring that matches a rule is 2: according to rule #5 it is a term.
The second match is 2 + 3: this matches the third rule: a term followed by an operation followed by another term.
The next match will only be hit at the end of the input.
2 + 3 - 1 is an expression because we already know that 2 + 3 is a term, so we have a term followed by an operation followed by another term.
2 + + will not match any rule and therefore is an invalid input.
Vocabulary is usually expressed by regular expressions.
For example our language will be defined as:
INTEGER: 0|[1-9][0-9]* PLUS: + MINUS: -As you see, integers are defined by a regular expression.
Syntax is usually defined in a format called BNF. Our language will be defined as:
expression := term operation term operation := PLUS | MINUS term := INTEGER | expression
We said that a language can be parsed by regular parsers if its grammar is a context free grammar. An intuitive definition of a context free grammar is a grammar that can be entirely expressed in BNF. For a formal definition see Wikipedia's article on Context-free grammar
There are two types of parsers: top down parsers and bottom up parsers. An intuitive explanation is that top down parsers examine the high level structure of the syntax and try to find a rule match. Bottom up parsers start with the input and gradually transform it into the syntax rules, starting from the low level rules until high level rules are met.
Let's see how the two types of parsers will parse our example.
The top down parser will start from the higher level rule: it will identify 2 + 3 as an expression. It will then identify 2 + 3 - 1 as an expression (the process of identifying the expression evolves, matching the other rules, but the start point is the highest level rule).
The bottom up parser will scan the input until a rule is matched. It will then replace the matching input with the rule. This will go on until the end of the input. The partly matched expression is placed on the parser's stack.
| Stack | Input |
|---|---|
| 2 + 3 - 1 | |
| term | + 3 - 1 |
| term operation | 3 - 1 |
| expression | - 1 |
| expression operation | 1 |
| expression | - |
There are tools that can generate a parser. You feed them the grammar of your language–its vocabulary and syntax rules–and they generate a working parser. Creating a parser requires a deep understanding of parsing and it's not easy to create an optimized parser by hand, so parser generators can be very useful.
WebKit uses two well known parser generators: Flex for creating a lexer and Bison for creating a parser (you might run into them with the names Lex and Yacc). Flex input is a file containing regular expression definitions of the tokens. Bison's input is the language syntax rules in BNF format.
The job of the HTML parser is to parse the HTML markup into a parse tree.
The vocabulary and syntax of HTML are defined in specifications created by the W3C organization.
As we have seen in the parsing introduction, grammar syntax can be defined formally using formats like BNF.
Unfortunately all the conventional parser topics do not apply to HTML (I didn't bring them up just for fun–they will be used in parsing CSS and JavaScript). HTML cannot easily be defined by a context free grammar that parsers need.
There is a formal format for defining HTML–DTD (Document Type Definition)–but it is not a context free grammar.
This appears strange at first sight; HTML is rather close to XML. There are lots of available XML parsers. There is an XML variation of HTML–XHTML–so what's the big difference?
The difference is that the HTML approach is more "forgiving": it lets you omit certain tags (which are then added implicitly), or sometimes omit start or end tags, and so on. On the whole it's a "soft" syntax, as opposed to XML's stiff and demanding syntax.
This seemingly small detail makes a world of a difference. On one hand this is the main reason why HTML is so popular: it forgives your mistakes and makes life easy for the web author. On the other hand, it makes it difficult to write a formal grammar. So to summarize, HTML cannot be parsed easily by conventional parsers, since its grammar is not context free. HTML cannot be parsed by XML parsers.
HTML definition is in a DTD format. This format is used to define languages of the SGML family. The format contains definitions for all allowed elements, their attributes and hierarchy. As we saw earlier, the HTML DTD doesn't form a context free grammar.
There are a few variations of the DTD. The strict mode conforms solely to the specifications but other modes contain support for markup used by browsers in the past. The purpose is backwards compatibility with older content. The current strict DTD is here: www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd
The output tree (the "parse tree") is a tree of DOM element and attribute nodes.
DOM is short for Document Object Model.
It is the object presentation of the HTML document and the interface of HTML elements to the outside world like JavaScript.
The root of the tree is the "Document" object.
The DOM has an almost one-to-one relation to the markup. For example:

 Hello World

  This markup would be translated to the following DOM tree:
Like HTML, DOM is specified by the W3C organization. See www.w3.org/DOM/DOMTR. It is a generic specification for manipulating documents. A specific module describes HTML specific elements. The HTML definitions can be found here: www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-DOM-Level-2-HTML-20030109/idl-definitions.html.
When I say the tree contains DOM nodes, I mean the tree is constructed of elements that implement one of the DOM interfaces. Browsers use concrete implementations that have other attributes used by the browser internally.
As we saw in the previous sections, HTML cannot be parsed using the regular top down or bottom up parsers.
The reasons are:
document.write()
calls) can add extra tokens, so the parsing process actually modifies the input.Unable to use the regular parsing techniques, browsers create custom parsers for parsing HTML.
The parsing algorithm is described in detail by the HTML5 specification. The algorithm consists of two stages: tokenization and tree construction.
Tokenization is the lexical analysis, parsing the input into tokens. Among HTML tokens are start tags, end tags, attribute names and attribute values.
The tokenizer recognizes the token, gives it to the tree constructor, and consumes the next character for recognizing the next token, and so on until the end of the input.
The algorithm's output is an HTML token. The algorithm is expressed as a state machine. Each state consumes one or more characters of the input stream and updates the next state according to those characters. The decision is influenced by the current tokenization state and by the tree construction state. This means the same consumed character will yield different results for the correct next state, depending on the current state. The algorithm is too complex to describe fully, so let's see a simple example that will help us understand the principle.
Basic example–tokenizing the following HTML:
  Hello world
The initial state is the "Data state".
When the <
character is encountered, the state is changed to "Tag open state".
Consuming an a-z
character causes creation of a "Start tag token", the state is changed to "Tag name state".
We stay in this state until the >
character is consumed. Each character is appended to the new token name. In our case the created token is an html
token.
When the >
tag is reached, the current token is emitted and the state changes back to the "Data state".
The
tag will be treated by the same steps.
So far the html
and body
tags were emitted. We are now back at the "Data state".
Consuming the H
character of Hello world
will cause creation and emitting of a character token, this goes on until the <
of
is reached. We will emit a character token for each character of Hello world
.
We are now back at the "Tag open state".
Consuming the next input /
will cause creation of an end tag token
and a move to the "Tag name state". Again we stay in this state until we reach >
.Then the new tag token will be emitted and we go back to the "Data state".
The
input will be treated like the previous case.
When the parser is created the Document object is created. During the tree construction stage the DOM tree with the Document in its root will be modified and elements will be added to it. Each node emitted by the tokenizer will be processed by the tree constructor. For each token the specification defines which DOM element is relevant to it and will be created for this token. The element is added to the DOM tree, and also the stack of open elements. This stack is used to correct nesting mismatches and unclosed tags. The algorithm is also described as a state machine. The states are called "insertion modes".
Let's see the tree construction process for the example input:
  Hello world
The input to the tree construction stage is a sequence of tokens from the tokenization stage. The first mode is the "initial mode". Receiving the "html" token will cause a move to the "before html" mode and a reprocessing of the token in that mode. This will cause creation of the HTMLHtmlElement element, which will be appended to the root Document object.
The state will be changed to "before head". The "body" token is then received. An HTMLHeadElement will be created implicitly although we don't have a "head" token and it will be added to the tree.
We now move to the "in head" mode and then to "after head". The body token is reprocessed, an HTMLBodyElement is created and inserted and the mode is transferred to "in body".
The character tokens of the "Hello world" string are now received. The first one will cause creation and insertion of a "Text" node and the other characters will be appended to that node.
The receiving of the body end token will cause a transfer to "after body" mode. We will now receive the html end tag which will move us to "after after body" mode. Receiving the end of file token will end the parsing.
At this stage the browser will mark the document as interactive and start parsing scripts that are in "deferred" mode: those that should be executed after the document is parsed. The document state will be then set to "complete" and a "load" event will be fired.
You can see the full algorithms for tokenization and tree construction in the HTML5 specification
You never get an "Invalid Syntax" error on an HTML page. Browsers fix any invalid content and go on.
Take this HTML for example:
 <mytag> </mytag>

 Really lousy HTML

I must have violated about a million rules ("mytag" is not a standard tag, wrong nesting of the "p" and "div" elements and more) but the browser still shows it correctly and doesn't complain. So a lot of the parser code is fixing the HTML author mistakes.
Error handling is quite consistent in browsers, but amazingly enough it hasn't been part of HTML specifications. Like bookmarking and back/forward buttons it's just something that developed in browsers over the years. There are known invalid HTML constructs repeated on many sites, and the browsers try to fix them in a way conformant with other browsers.
The HTML5 specification does define some of these requirements. (WebKit summarizes this nicely in the comment at the beginning of the HTML parser class.)
The parser parses tokenized input into the document, building up the document tree. If the document is well-formed, parsing it is straightforward.
Unfortunately, we have to handle many HTML documents that are not well-formed, so the parser has to be tolerant about errors.
We have to take care of at least the following error conditions:
- The element being added is explicitly forbidden inside some outer tag. In this case we should close all tags up to the one which forbids the element, and add it afterwards.
- We are not allowed to add the element directly. It could be that the person writing the document forgot some tag in between (or that the tag in between is optional). This could be the case with the following tags: HTML HEAD BODY TBODY TR TD LI (did I forget any?).
- We want to add a block element inside an inline element. Close all inline elements up to the next higher block element.
- If this doesn't help, close elements until we are allowed to add the element–or ignore the tag.
Let's see some WebKit error tolerance examples:
Some sites use
 instead of
. In order to be compatible with IE and Firefox, WebKit treats this like
.
The code:
if (t->isCloseTag(brTag) && m_document->inCompatMode()) { reportError(MalformedBRError); t->beginTag = true; }Note that the error handling is internal: it won't be presented to the user.
A stray table is a table inside another table, but not inside a table cell.
For example:

inner table

outer table

WebKit will change the hierarchy to two sibling tables:

outer table

inner table

The code:
if (m_inStrayTableContent && localName == tableTag) popBlock(tableTag);WebKit uses a stack for the current element contents: it will pop the inner table out of the outer table stack. The tables will now be siblings.
In case the user puts a form inside another form, the second form is ignored.
The code:
if (!m_currentFormElement) { m_currentFormElement = new HTMLFormElement(formTag, m_document); }
The comment speaks for itself.
bool HTMLParser::allowNestedRedundantTag(const AtomicString& tagName) { unsigned i = 0; for (HTMLStackElem* curr = m_blockStack; i < cMaxRedundantTagDepth && curr && curr->tagName == tagName; curr = curr->next, i++) { } return i != cMaxRedundantTagDepth; }
Again–the comment speaks for itself.
Support for really broken HTML.  Let's rely on the end() call to close things.
if (t->tagName == htmlTag || t->tagName == bodyTag ) return;So web authors beware–unless you want to appear as an example in a WebKit error tolerance code snippet–write well formed HTML.
Remember the parsing concepts in the introduction? Well, unlike HTML, CSS is a context free grammar and can be parsed using the types of parsers described in the introduction. In fact the CSS specification defines CSS lexical and syntax grammar.
Let's see some examples:
The lexical grammar (vocabulary) is defined by regular expressions for each token:
comment \/\*[^*]*\*+([^/*][^*]*\*+)*\/ num [0-9]+|[0-9]*"."[0-9]+ nonascii [\200-\377] nmstart [_a-z]|{nonascii}|{escape} nmchar [_a-z0-9-]|{nonascii}|{escape} name {nmchar}+ ident {nmstart}{nmchar}*
"ident" is short for identifier, like a class name. "name" is an element id (that is referred by "#" )
The syntax grammar is described in BNF.
ruleset : selector [ ',' S* selector ]* '{' S* declaration [ ';' S* declaration ]* '}' S* ; selector : simple_selector [ combinator selector | S+ [ combinator? selector ]? ]? ; simple_selector : element_name [ HASH | class | attrib | pseudo ]* | [ HASH | class | attrib | pseudo ]+ ; class : '.' IDENT ; element_name : IDENT | '*' ; attrib : '[' S* IDENT S* [ [ '=' | INCLUDES | DASHMATCH ] S* [ IDENT | STRING ] S* ] ']' ; pseudo : ':' [ IDENT | FUNCTION S* [IDENT S*] ')' ] ;Explanation: A ruleset is this structure:
div.error, a.error { color:red; font-weight:bold; }div.error and a.error are selectors. The part inside the curly braces contains the rules that are applied by this ruleset. This structure is defined formally in this definition:
ruleset : selector [ ',' S* selector ]* '{' S* declaration [ ';' S* declaration ]* '}' S* ;This means a ruleset is a selector or optionally a number of selectors separated by a comma and spaces (S stands for white space). A ruleset contains curly braces and inside them a declaration or optionally a number of declarations separated by a semicolon. "declaration" and "selector" will be defined in the following BNF definitions.
WebKit uses Flex and Bison parser generators to create parsers automatically from the CSS grammar files. As you recall from the parser introduction, Bison creates a bottom up shift-reduce parser. Firefox uses a top down parser written manually. In both cases each CSS file is parsed into a StyleSheet object. Each object contains CSS rules. The CSS rule objects contain selector and declaration objects and other objects corresponding to CSS grammar.
The model of the web is synchronous. Authors expect scripts to be parsed and executed immediately when the parser reaches a


Fady Amer
Am a web designer, UI & UX Designer
I create awesome UI and UX using HTML, CSS and Javascript. If you are interested in learning, Subscribe to my Youtube your application
I create awesome UI and UX using HTML, CSS and Javascript. If you are interested in learning, Subscribe to my Youtube your application
Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s,
Let's talk with me
Fortnite E3 Presentation
Marayah Kelly: 25 Feb. 2020
Fortnite E3 Presentation
Marayah Kelly: 25 Feb. 2020
Fortnite E3 Presentation
Marayah Kelly: 25 Feb. 2020
Fortnite E3 Presentation
Marayah Kelly: 25 Feb. 2020


#{verbatim}
Dear ${username} To complete the registration, please click the link below to verify: Click to Verify! Or copy and paste the following URL in your browser: ${verifyURL} Got questions or need help? Email us at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>or visit our forum http://eyes.nytes.net. Thanks, Nytes #{/verbatim}


Aden HR Consultancy Ltd (“Aden HR Consultancy”) 's online service is committed to protecting the privacy of our users. We want to provide a safe and secure user experience. We will ensure that the information you submit to us via our website at www.adenconsultancy.net ("The Aden HR Consultancy Site") remains private, and is only used for the purposes set out in this policy.
Your personal details, including your name, e-mail address and CV, are held and used by us for the following purposes:
It is possible that Aden HR Consultancy could merge or be acquired by another business. If this happens, we may share the information that relates to you with the new owners of the business and their advisers. You will be sent notice of such an event. Your CV and related information will be sent to prospective employers but only where you give your consent. Such employers may be located both inside and outside the UK. We may also release information relating to you to regulatory or law enforcement authorities, if required to do so. We also reserve the right to disclose the information we have collected about you to our professional advisors and to other persons to the extent that Aden HR Consultancy contracts out any aspect of the operation of its special recruitment offices services. These third parties will be acting under similar undertakings of confidentiality as Aden HR Consultancy.
To subscribe to job alerts emails, you will be required to provide your e-mail address, which will be used for the purpose of keeping you informed, by e-mail, of the latest jobs in your nominated industry and/or industry news via job alerts. Should you decide that you no longer wish to receive this information, unsubscribe links are provided in every job alert email that you receive. Job alerts can also be received via RSS feeds without having to provide your email address.
We give you the option of submitting your CV via this website. You can do this either to apply for a specific advertised job or for consideration by our recruitment consultants for positions as they come up. Although your CV will be stored online, it will only be accessible by Aden HR Consultancy recruitment consultants. Your CV will also be e-mailed directly to our recruitment consultants who review your details. You can update your CV at any time, simply by following the same procedure to submit a new CV. Your old CV will automatically be replaced.
We gather information and statistics collectively about all visitors to this website and all of the Aden HR Consultancy websites worldwide, for example, which area users access most frequently and which services users access the most. We only use such data in the aggregate form. This information helps us determine what is most beneficial for our users and how we can continually improve our online services to create a better overall experience for our users. We also publish some of this information on the Aden HR Consultancy websites worldwide.
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Please note that clicking on to links and banner advertisements may result in your transferral to another website, where data privacy practices may be different to that of Aden HR Consultancy. Visitors should consult the other websites' privacy policies as we are not responsible for, and have no control over, information that is submitted to or collected by these third parties.
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This privacy policy may be changed by Aden HR Consultancy at any time. If we change our privacy policy in the future, we will set out those changes here, so that you will always know what personal information we gather, the purposes we might use it for and to whom we might disclose it. However, your CV and related information will be treated according to the privacy policy that you had accepted until you accept a new privacy policy. If, at any time, you have questions or concerns about Aden HR Consultancy's online privacy commitment, please feel free to email us at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Aden HR Consultancy is an equal opportunities employer and a company committed to diversity. This means that all job applicants and members of staff will receive equal treatment and that we will not discriminate on grounds of gender, marital status, race, ethnic origin, colour, nationality, national origin, disability, sexual orientation, religion or age. As part of our commitment to equal opportunities we may from time to time use information provided by you for the purposes of diversity monitoring. Any such information will be used on an anonymised basis in accordance with the terms of our Privacy Policy.
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{% extends 'celauth/base.html' %} {% block content %} {% if check_email_msg %}
Check your email for your confirmation code. Your confirmation email message might get misdirected to your spam folder.
{% endif %} {% if gate.loginid %}You need to log in or register to confirm your email address. Please log in or register using a suggested external account.
{% endif %} {% include "celauth/list_addresses.html" %} {% endblock content %}


Viewing Images¶
nuts-ml provides functions to show images on the fly. The following
example reads two images using ReadImage
and then displays the loaded
images in column 0 of the samples via ViewImage
:
>>> samples = [('nut_color.gif', 'color'), ('nut_monochrome.gif', 'mono')]
>>> imagepath = 'tests/data/img_formats/*'
>>> samples >> ReadImage(0, imagepath) >> ViewImage(0, pause=1) >> Consume()
The output is a viewer window that displays the images with a pause of 1 second:
Sometimes samples contain multiple images. For instance, an input image and
an output mask for segmentation tasks. ViewImage
allows to display the
multiple images of a sample at the same time by providing the column indices
(here 0 and 1) of the sample that contain the images:
>>> samples = [('color.jpg', 'monochrome.jpg'), ('color.png', 'monochrome.png')]
>>> imagepath = 'tests/data/img_formats/nut_*'
>>> samples >> ReadImage((0,1), imagepath) >> ViewImage((0,1), pause=1) >> Consume()
Per default multiple images are display in a single row. The parameter layout
allows to specify the rows and columns the images are arranged in,
e.g. a layout of (2,1) states that 2 images are to be arranged in 2 rows and 1 column:
>>> (samples >> Print() >> ReadImage((0,1), imagepath) >>
... ViewImage((0,1), layout=(2,1), pause=1) >> Consume())
('color.jpg', 'monochrome.jpg')
('color.png', 'monochrome.png')
Often we want to show the class label in addition to the image and ViewImageAnnotation(imgcol, annocol)
is designed for this purpose.
In addition to a column index for the image (imgcol) it also takes an index
for the sample column that contains the class label (here 1) and the
viewer displays the image with an overlay-ed text for the label:
>>> samples = [('nut_color', 'color'), ('nut_monochrome', 'mono')]
>>> imagepath = 'tests/data/img_formats/*.gif'
>>> samples >> ReadImage(0, imagepath) >> ViewImageAnnotation(0, 1, pause=1) >> Consume()
In the following sections we will introduce the functions for image transformation and augmentation.


Before you can migrate to Microsoft Teams Direct Routing from your previous telephony system, you must carefully consider some key aspects of the new system, such as the location of the Session Border Controller (SBC).
 You need to determine where to place the Session Border Controller and how to prepare to cut over to the new system.
Here you will learn where to place the Session Border Controller and prepare for the cut over.
You need to consider the source of the migration.  Or are you migrating from an environment such as a Skype for Business Server platform that could be using Enterprise Voice? The reason that's important is that, based on the source of the migration, there's a different set of steps that you have to adapt to.
You also need to understand how to prepare for the cut over. The cut over to Teams with Direct Routing involves enabling the user for Teams and its various features, like Phone System and Direct Routing. But you also need to make some reconfiguration changes to the inbound routing of the particular phone number. This action ensures that the number reaches the correct destination.
The placement of your SBCs is important. Consider the following diagram:
On the left side, you have the telephone company connection in the form of a public switched telephone network (PSTN) coming into an SBC. Calls can then be routed to, for example, a Skype for Business Server, shown here as the Mediation Server. Or you could have calls routed to a legacy PBX like a Cisco or Avaya platform. In this unit, we'll be looking at Direct Routing as shown in the diagram above.
To get calls routed to the correct infrastructure, the SBC takes all incoming calls and, based on internal logic, routes them to where the user is located. The user could be on Teams, Skype for Business, or a legacy PBX. The logic in the SBC routes the incoming call to the right location for that user.
You want the SBC near the front of the line, ready to use the telco-provided connection as shown in the diagram above. The SBC can see all of the possible places to route the call, to a legacy PBX, Skype for Business, or Teams.
The cut over to Teams with Direct Routing involves enabling the user for Teams and its various features like Phone System and Direct Routing. But you also need to make some configuration changes to the inbound routing of the particular phone number. This action ensures that it's no longer being passed over to the old PBX or the old Skype for Business environment, but to the new Teams environment.


| muttley.stack: | Types | Modinfo | Source |
| TStack | Array based Stack implementation. |
| Type TStack | |
| Description | Array based Stack implementation. |
| Methods Summary | |
|---|---|
| Clear | Clears the stack. |
| GetSize | Returns the current size of the stack. |
| Grow | Grows the stack by the amount specified when the stack was created. |
| New | Default constructor. |
| Peek | Get the top object from the stack without removing it. |
| Pop | Remove the top object from the stack and return it. |
| Push | Add the specified object to the top of the stack. |
| Functions Summary | |
|---|---|
| Create | Create a Stack with the specified initial and grow sizes. |
| Method Clear() | |
| Description | Clears the stack. |
| Method GetSize:Int() | |
| Description | Returns the current size of the stack. |
| Method Grow() | |
| Description | Grows the stack by the amount specified when the stack was created. |
| Method New() | |
| Description | Default constructor. |
| Method Peek:Object() | |
| Description | Get the top object from the stack without removing it. |
| Method Pop:Object() | |
| Description | Remove the top object from the stack and return it. |
| Method Push(o:Object) | |
| Description | Add the specified object to the top of the stack. |
| Function Create:TStack(size:Int, growSize:Int = 1) | |
| Description | Create a Stack with the specified initial and grow sizes. |
| Information | If more objects are pushed to the stack than it can hold, it will automatically grow by the size you specify. |
| Version | 1.0.1 |
|---|---|
| License | Artistic License 2.0 |
| Author | Paul Maskelyne (Muttley) |
| Copyright | (c) 2009 Paul Maskelyne |
|<EMAIL_ADDRESS>| |
| Website | http://www.muttleyville.org |
| History | 1.0.1 |
| History | Missing README added |
| History | 1.0.0 |
| History | Initial Release |


Hi, I'm here to disappoint you - this is a mock website!
My name is Andrew Polukhin and I utilized (or, better, took advantage of) Kinomonster by Vladimir Vysotskyi to learn Flask backending and working with SQLite databases. Now you can access my work on GitHub.


Introduction
Qurl is a drop-in and easy to deploy microservice who exposes an HTTP API you can use to extract content from any web page as JSON. Any information available at a given public URL can be extracted using selector queries (check examples below).
Quick example:
$ curl -s 'http://localhost:8080/q?url=https://example.com&header=Content-Type&selector=meta' | json_pp
{
"url" : "https://example.com",
"status" : 200,
"selectors" : {
"meta" : [
{
"text" : "",
"attributes" : [
{
"key" : "charset",
"value" : "utf-8"
}
]
},
{
"text" : "",
"attributes" : [
{
"key" : "name",
"value" : "viewport"
},
{
"key" : "content",
"value" : "width=device-width, initial-scale=1"
}
]
}
]
},
"headers" : {
"Content-Type" : [
"text/html; charset=utf-8"
]
}
}
User documentation
The following sections documents all the features that can be used with Qurl.
-
Basic Usage
This section shows you the most basic usage of Qurl, it does not provide too much documentation about what you can do with it but shows the most important information and error responses.
-
Header Queries
With Qurl you can fetch any header the server is returning on each HTTP Request.
-
Selector Queries
Fetch any content from any URL easyly with Qurl just using simple or complex! standard CSS selectors.
Developer documentation
-
Installation
How to build Qurl from sources, install and execute it on any host.
-
Deployment
Qurl can be deployed on multiple hosting providers. This documentation list a few of them with detailed and step by step information to about how reproduce it.


Minimal QR Code Scanner using saycheese.js and jsqrcode
You might need to run this demo on a webserver, e.g. http://localhost/html5qrcodereader/index_saycheese.html
No QR Code in sight.
sayCheese.on('success', function() { scanCode(sayCheese); }); sayCheese.start();


Woohoo! [[ results.winner ]] has more stars It's A Tie! Better luck next time.
| Project | Stars | Forks | Watchers |
|---|---|---|---|
| [[ project.name ]] | [[ project.stars ]] | [[ project.forks ]] | [[ project.watchers ]] |
{% load static %}
| Project | Stars | Forks | Watchers |
|---|---|---|---|
| [[ project.name ]] | [[ project.stars ]] | [[ project.forks ]] | [[ project.watchers ]] |


|
piSmasher Configuration Libraries
piSmasher peripheral device configuration libraries
|
HDCP configuration and activation
Configure video output with structure data
Pass audio configuration data to tda1997x_cfg_audio_fmt
Finish register mask write sequence to reset CTS
Define reset register table
Define CTS values
Reset and release the CTS generator


Hello everyone! I am a graphic designer from New York. I was raised in Plainview on Long Island, and went to school at Northeastern University in Boston. Since then I've been living in Manhattan building webpages and doing design work. However, I want to expand my horizons and start building web apps. I want to build more complex and dynamic projects, and thought that this program would be a perfect fit for me.
Growing up, I've always loved playing video games with my brother, who is now a software engineer, working on popular games for mobile devices. I have always had the same interests as him, and after witnessing the culture and environment he is in as well as the work he does, I've grown extremely interested in immersing myself in that world.
I've always been interesting in learning to code, and now I am going to actually going to do something with that interest.
Interests of mine include:
I'm a huge A Song of Ice and Fire fan, I must say. Although I love all of the books, my favorites in order are:
To end this, I'll leave a link to one of my favorite animations, created by Gainax Studios.
When you're ready to leave this page, click the image below to view a new music video animated by one of my favorite artists, Takashi Murakami, and featuring artist Pharrell Williams.
Oh, and don't forget to email me if you want to talk!


The Gold Magic 800 Game¶
In this chapter we will learn about the Gold Magic 800 Game
The game is developed using Ring, RingAllegro and RingOpenGL
Steam Page (44 Levels) : https://store.steampowered.com/app/939200/Gold_Magic_800/
Ring comes with a Demo Version (21 Levels Only)
You will find the game in ring/applications/goldmagic800 folder
The Game Story¶
Your friend discovered a unique and special box, created by the best wizard in the world 7000 years ago, when you close this box and move it; you will find a new gold under the box, it’s an infinite source of gold. The Box exists in a special environment full of puzzles, no one can enter this environment because it’s protected by the magic. Your friend created a new robot using nanotechnology that can move the box using a remote control device. Your mission is to solve all of these puzzles and get this box forever to be the richest people in the world.
How to play?¶
The Gold Magic 800 is a puzzle game that will teach your unconscious mind to think like an entrepreneur.
The game is based on moving your box around to get gold score (=800) to open the First Door (Box Number 1) Then directly put your box on the Door (this will open the next door), Then continue to put your box on all of the next doors in the level, You need the score (800) only for the first door, The next doors doesn’t require this condition, but your way of gold will be converted to a wall once you put the Box on any door, so select your path carefully.
What will you learn?¶
1- Plan First
2- Move to your target directly then go to get the required resources
3- Look to the future when you evaluate the different solutions
4- Try to avoid mistakes, Also learn from them
5- Respect the Cost (800)
6- Focus and be careful
7- Be patient and Enjoy!
Screen Shots¶
We can select the level
The next screen shot for level (1)
The Gold Magic 800 Level Editor
Source Code¶
You will find the Level Editor source code in this folder
https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/tree/master/applications/goldmagic800/editor
The user interface of the Level Editor is designed using the Ring Form Designer.
The next file contains the Level Editor Controller Class
https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/applications/goldmagic800/editor/editorController.ring
You will find the Game Engine source code in this folder
https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/tree/master/applications/goldmagic800


Olivia Culpo longs for the sun in throwback shot
by Sasha SavitskyOlivia Culpo isn't ready to let go of the sun.
The model, who just wrapped up a vacation in Bali, is yearning for warmer weather. She posted a picture of herself lounging in a bathing suit in St. Barth.
"Gimme that back please!" Culpo captioned the series of pics.
OLIVIA CULPO SPORTS BIKINI MADE OF STRING IN RACY INSTAGRAM PHOTOS
It was recently announced that the model will return for her third year in the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue, set to hit stands in 2020.
Back in February, Culpo opened up to Fox News about how she prepares for the big photoshoots, including her "really strict diet."
"No sugar. No carbs. No alcohol," she said. "Basically, all protein and fiber, and the only kinds of carbs I'll have is sweet potato or greens or fruit."
Despite watching what she eats ahead of photoshoots, Culpo said diets aren't something she strictly follows in her normal day-to-day life.
"I really don't believe in dieting," she said. "I notice that when I have a shoot coming up or when I'm being really diligent about my diet, I can pretty much do it up until the day or two before and then I start to go crazy, and basically self-sabotage myself. As soon as I tell myself I can't have sweets, then I really want sweets."
CLICK HERE TO GET THE FOX NEWS APP
Culpo -- who loves indulging in ice cream, pizza "and/or" alcohol -- also credits her fitness routine to allowing her to splurge whenever she wants.
"I love working out," she said. "I feel like if I didn't work out as much as I did, I probably wouldn't be able to get away with eating the way that I eat, so for me, it works out well."


DATE_CMP_TIMESTAMPTZ Function
DATE_CMP_TIMESTAMPTZ compares a date to a time stamp with time zone. If the date and time stamp values are identical, the function returns 0. If the date is greater alphabetically, the function returns 1. If the time stamp is greater, the function returns –1.
Syntax
DATE_CMP_TIMESTAMPTZ(date, timestamptz)
Arguments
- date
-
A DATE column or an expression that implicitly converts to a date.
- timestamptz
-
A TIMESTAMPTZ column or an expression that implicitly converts to a time stamp with a time zone.
Return Type
INTEGER


--- title: Letters of Recommendation description: Letters of Recommendation layout: slideshow permalink: /students/applyingtocollege/lettersofrecommendation lang: en lang-ref: lettersofrec slides: Definition: subtitle: What are letters of recommendation? text:
Letters of recommendation are letters about you! The author testifies to all of your talents, abilities, characteristics, and best qualities for your admissions officers, employers, scholarships, etc.
Oftentimes, these letters are sent directly from the author to your university to prevent tampering or bias. You cannot see your letter of recommendation unless the author allows you to.
Asking: subtitle: How do I ask for one? text:Your teachers are aware that they will receive this inevitable favor from their students during college application season. So they are expecting you to ask BUT you should still be kind, polite, and formal.
Try walking into their classroom during lunch or during their conference period, anytime they are not too busy. You can casually bring it up or be very direct by asking them "Could you write a letter of recommendation for my college application to X school?
Authors: subtitle: Who writes them? text: "College & Scholarships: Letters for your college applications are typically written by your teachers. Colleges recommend that you ask a teacher from either your junior or senior year in high school for a more recent testament. Your college may also ask for a letter of recommendation from your college counselor, but not all, and may permit addition letters from anyone who knows you well.
Jobs: It's common for employers to ask for letters of rec along with your resume when applying for a job. The author for these letters do not have to be from teachers and will most commonly be written by your past employer.
" Timing: subtitle: When do I ask for one? text:Once you know who you will be asking, make sure you give them enough time to write it! You want them to write a thoughtful letter so you should notify your authors at least two weeks before the deadline for your letters.
During college application season, teachers have to write several letters for different students so you want to ask them as early as possible so that you're first on that list!
Significance: subtitle: Why are they important? text:Whoever is asking for a letter of recommendation from you is interested in how other people perceive you. Your teachers and past employers have seen your work ethic and can confirm how well (or how badly) you get things done.
Letters of rec are a great chance for your authors to brag about you and show how great you are, according to other people besides yourself.
Remember: subtitle: Final tips! text:The Letters of Recommendation will not make or break your entire college application but you still want to impress your reader by having other people say wonderful things to you so make sure to pick someone who admires you as a student, employee, etc.
Be selective with which teachers you choose, think back to your time in their class and how well you did. Make sure to ask your junior and senior year teachers first! They have the most recent testament for your work ethic and will be more accurate in their letters!
---


Calculate agreement or consensus in ordered rating scales. The package implements van der Eijk's (2001) <doi:10.1023/A:1010374114305> measure of agreement A, which can be used to describe agreement, consensus, or polarization among respondents. It also implements measures of consensus (dispersion) by Leik, Tatsle and Wierman, Blair and Lacy, Kvalseth, Berry and Mielke, and Garcia-Montalvo and Reynal-Querol. Furthermore, an implementation of Galtungs AJUS-system is provided to classify distributions, as well as a function to identify the position of multiple modes.
| Version: | 1.40.4 |
| Published: | 2016-04-02 |
| Author: | Didier Ruedin |
| Maintainer: | Didier Ruedin <didier.ruedin at wolfson.oxon.org> |
| License: | GPL-3 |
| URL: | http://agrmt.r-forge.r-project.org |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Materials: | NEWS |
| CRAN checks: | agrmt results |
| Reference manual: | agrmt.pdf |
| Vignettes: |
R Package to Calculate agreement A |
| Package source: | agrmt_1.40.4.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: agrmt_1.40.4.zip, r-release: agrmt_1.40.4.zip, r-oldrel: agrmt_1.40.4.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: agrmt_1.40.4.tgz, r-oldrel: agrmt_1.40.4.tgz |
| Old sources: | agrmt archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=agrmt to link to this page.


The Experience
Working at TestBest has honestly been as great of an experience out of college as I could have ever asked for. I got to experience what it was like being the 9th person in our Chico office and see that grow to over 40 employees.
If I had to describe the environment in one word I would say it was "moving". It felt like a true "Startup" and, although hectic at times, it pushed me to stay focused and learn to solve a problems quickly and efficiently. Being there really showed me the effects of having a strong, coherent team. It was really empowering to be able to have everyone play off each others' strengths to get things done.
I worked as a web developer there full-time, but unforunately all good things have to come to an end.
Some Technologies I Learned There


Themis helps you to validate your ontology model by executing tests. To try it, you need first to load the ontology to be validated and then define and check the tests. The result of each test will appear in the "Test results" section.
| Test | Result | Problem |
|---|


Pandora launches Frozen 2 charms collection ahead of movie release
The highly-anticipated movie hits cinemas at the end of November
by dailyrecord.co.ukLast month, Marks and Spencer announced an exclusive collaboration with Disney and is now stocking some fabulous Frozen 2 childrenswear .
And this month, 54 of the biggest M&S stores will have selfie stations for the young and young-at-heart, who want a special festive picture with Elsa or Anna this Christmas.
Hull Live reports that Pandora has just added a Disney Frozen collection to its collection in stores and online, just in time for the release of the new movie.
The inspiration behind the Frozen 2 collection comes from the colourful personalities of the characters and each of the charms highlights their unique qualities.
Olaf's goofy demeanour is reflected in the moving head of the charm, whereas the Elsa and Nokk double dangle charm features the engraving "Inner strength".
There's also a great saving on Elsa's Blue Dress Dangle Charm , which has been reduced from £55 to £25 - view it here on Pandora .
View the Frozen collection at Pandora here
The new Frozen charms cost up to £60 each and will no doubt be hugely popular as Christmas gifts after youngsters and older Disney fans see the sequel which is in cinemas from November 22.
The four new charms include:
Elsa and Nokk dangle charm, £60


Monero
Copyright (c) 2014-2018 The Monero Project.
Portions Copyright (c) 2012-2013 The Cryptonote developers.
Development resources
- Web: getmonero.org
- Forum: forum.getmonero.org
- Mail<EMAIL_ADDRESS>- GitHub: https://github.com/monero-project/monero
- IRC: #monero-dev on Freenode
Vulnerability response
- Our Vulnerability Response Process encourages responsible disclosure
- We are also available via HackerOne
Build
Coverage
| Type | Status |
|---|---|
| Coverity | |
| Coveralls | |
| License |
Introduction
Monero is a private, secure, untraceable, decentralised digital currency.
Privacy: Monero uses a cryptographically sound system to allow you to send and receive funds without your transactions being easily revealed on the blockchain (the ledger of transactions that everyone has). This ensures that your purchases, receipts, and all transfers remain absolutely private by default.
Security: Using the power of a distributed peer-to-peer consensus network, every transaction on the network is cryptographically secured. Individual wallets have a 25 word mnemonic seed that is only displayed once, and can be written down to backup the wallet. Wallet files are encrypted with a passphrase to ensure they are useless if stolen.
Untraceability: By taking advantage of ring signatures, a special property of a certain type of cryptography, Monero is able to ensure that transactions are not only untraceable, but have an optional measure of ambiguity that ensures that transactions cannot easily be tied back to an individual user or computer.
About this project
This is the core implementation of Monero. It is open source and completely free to use without restrictions, except for those specified in the license agreement below. There are no restrictions on anyone creating an alternative implementation of Monero that uses the protocol and network in a compatible manner.
As with many development projects, the repository on Github is considered to be the "staging" area for the latest changes. Before changes are merged into that branch on the main repository, they are tested by individual developers in their own branches, submitted as a pull request, and then subsequently tested by contributors who focus on testing and code reviews. That having been said, the repository should be carefully considered before using it in a production environment, unless there is a patch in the repository for a particular show-stopping issue you are experiencing. It is generally a better idea to use a tagged release for stability.
Anyone is welcome to contribute to Monero's codebase! If you have a fix or code change, feel free to submit it as a pull request directly to the "master" branch. In cases where the change is relatively small or does not affect other parts of the codebase it may be merged in immediately by any one of the collaborators. On the other hand, if the change is particularly large or complex, it is expected that it will be discussed at length either well in advance of the pull request being submitted, or even directly on the pull request.
Supporting the project
Monero is a 100% community-sponsored endeavor. If you want to join our efforts, the easiest thing you can do is support the project financially. Both Monero and Bitcoin donations can be made to donate.getmonero.org if using a client that supports the OpenAlias standard. Alternatively you can send XMR to the Monero donation address via the donate
command (type help
in the command-line wallet for details).
The Monero donation address is: 44AFFq5kSiGBoZ4NMDwYtN18obc8AemS33DBLWs3H7otXft3XjrpDtQGv7SqSsaBYBb98uNbr2VBBEt7f2wfn3RVGQBEP3A
(viewkey: f359631075708155cc3d92a32b75a7d02a5dcf27756707b47a2b31b21c389501
)
The Bitcoin donation address is: 1KTexdemPdxSBcG55heUuTjDRYqbC5ZL8H
Core development funding and/or some supporting services are also graciously provided by sponsors:
There are also several mining pools that kindly donate a portion of their fees, a list of them can be found on our Bitcointalk post.
License
See LICENSE.
Contributing
If you want to help out, see CONTRIBUTING for a set of guidelines.
Scheduled mandatory software upgrades
Monero uses a fixed-schedule mandatory software upgrade (hard fork) mechanism to implement new features. This means that users of Monero (end users and service providers) need to run current versions and upgrade their software on a regular schedule. Mandatory software upgrades occur during the months of March and September. The required software for these upgrades will be available prior to the scheduled date. Please check the repository prior to this date for the proper Monero software version. Below is the historical schedule and the projected schedule for the next upgrade. Dates are provided in the format YYYY-MM-DD.
| Software upgrade block height | Date | Fork version | Minimum Monero version | Recommended Monero version | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1009827 | 2016-03-22 | v2 | v0.9.4 | v0.9.4 | Allow only >= ringsize 3, blocktime = 120 seconds, fee-free blocksize 60 kb |
| 1141317 | 2016-09-21 | v3 | v0.9.4 | v0.10.0 | Splits coinbase into denominations |
| 1220516 | 2017-01-05 | v4 | v0.10.1 | v<IP_ADDRESS> | Allow normal and RingCT transactions |
| 1288616 | 2017-04-15 | v5 | v<IP_ADDRESS> | v<IP_ADDRESS> | Adjusted minimum blocksize and fee algorithm |
| 1400000 | 2017-09-16 | v6 | v<IP_ADDRESS> | v<IP_ADDRESS> | Allow only RingCT transactions, allow only >= ringsize 5 |
| XXXXXXX | 2018-03-XX | XX | XXXXXXXXX | XXXXXXXXX | XXXXXX |
X's indicate that these details have not been determined as of commit date, 2017-09-20.
Release staging schedule and protocol
Approximately three months prior to a scheduled mandatory software upgrade, a branch from Master will be created with the new release version tag. Pull requests that address bugs should then be made to both Master and the new release branch. Pull requests that require extensive review and testing (generally, optimizations and new features) should not be made to the release branch.
Installing Monero from a package
Packages are available for
-
Ubuntu and snap supported systems, via a community contributed build.
snap install monero --beta
Installing a snap is very quick. Snaps are secure. They are isolated with all of their dependencies. Snaps also auto update when a new version is released.
-
Arch Linux (via AUR):
- Stable release:
monero
- Bleeding edge:
monero-git
- Stable release:
-
Void Linux:
xbps-install -S monero
-
GuixSD
guix package -i monero
-
OS X via Homebrew
brew tap sammy007/cryptonight brew install monero --build-from-source
-
Docker
# Build using all available cores docker build -t monero . # or build using a specific number of cores (reduce RAM requirement) docker build --build-arg NPROC=1 -t monero . # either run in foreground docker run -it -v /monero/chain:/root/.bitmonero -v /monero/wallet:/wallet -p 18080:18080 monero # or in background docker run -it -d -v /monero/chain:/root/.bitmonero -v /monero/wallet:/wallet -p 18080:18080 monero
Packaging for your favorite distribution would be a welcome contribution!
Compiling Monero from source
Dependencies
The following table summarizes the tools and libraries required to build. A
few of the libraries are also included in this repository (marked as
"Vendored"). By default, the build uses the library installed on the system,
and ignores the vendored sources. However, if no library is found installed on
the system, then the vendored source will be built and used. The vendored
sources are also used for statically-linked builds because distribution
packages often include only shared library binaries (.so
) but not static
library archives (.a
).
| Dep | Min. version | Vendored | Debian/Ubuntu pkg | Arch pkg | Fedora | Optional | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCC | 4.7.3 | NO | build-essential |
base-devel |
gcc |
NO | |
| CMake | 3.2.0 | NO | cmake |
cmake |
cmake |
NO | |
| pkg-config | any | NO | pkg-config |
base-devel |
pkgconf |
NO | |
| Boost | 1.58 | NO | libboost-all-dev |
boost |
boost-devel |
NO | C++ libraries |
| OpenSSL | basically any | NO | libssl-dev |
openssl |
openssl-devel |
NO | sha256 sum |
| libzmq | 3.0.0 | NO | libzmq3-dev |
zeromq |
cppzmq-devel |
NO | ZeroMQ library |
| libunbound | 1.4.16 | YES | libunbound-dev |
unbound |
unbound-devel |
NO | DNS resolver |
| libsodium | ? | NO | libsodium-dev |
? | libsodium-devel |
NO | libsodium |
| libminiupnpc | 2.0 | YES | libminiupnpc-dev |
miniupnpc |
miniupnpc-devel |
YES | NAT punching |
| libunwind | any | NO | libunwind8-dev |
libunwind |
libunwind-devel |
YES | Stack traces |
| liblzma | any | NO | liblzma-dev |
xz |
xz-devel |
YES | For libunwind |
| libreadline | 6.3.0 | NO | libreadline6-dev |
readline |
readline-devel |
YES | Input editing |
| ldns | 1.6.17 | NO | libldns-dev |
ldns |
ldns-devel |
YES | SSL toolkit |
| expat | 1.1 | NO | libexpat1-dev |
expat |
expat-devel |
YES | XML parsing |
| GTest | 1.5 | YES | libgtest-dev ^ |
gtest |
gtest-devel |
YES | Test suite |
| Doxygen | any | NO | doxygen |
doxygen |
doxygen |
YES | Documentation |
| Graphviz | any | NO | graphviz |
graphviz |
graphviz |
YES | Documentation |
[^] On Debian/Ubuntu libgtest-dev
only includes sources and headers. You must
build the library binary manually. This can be done with the following command sudo apt-get install libgtest-dev && cd /usr/src/gtest && sudo cmake . && sudo make && sudo mv libg* /usr/lib/
Build instructions
Monero uses the CMake build system and a top-level Makefile that invokes cmake commands as needed.
On Linux and OS X
-
Install the dependencies
-
Change to the root of the source code directory and build:
cd monero make
Optional: If your machine has several cores and enough memory, enable parallel build by running
make -j<number of threads>
instead ofmake
. For this to be worthwhile, the machine should have one core and about 2GB of RAM available per thread.Note: If cmake can not find zmq.hpp file on OS X, installing
zmq.hpp
from https://github.com/zeromq/cppzmq to/usr/local/include
should fix that error. -
The resulting executables can be found in
build/release/bin
-
Add
PATH="$PATH:$HOME/monero/build/release/bin"
to.profile
-
Run Monero with
monerod --detach
-
Optional: build and run the test suite to verify the binaries:
make release-test
NOTE:
core_tests
test may take a few hours to complete. -
Optional: to build binaries suitable for debugging:
make debug
-
Optional: to build statically-linked binaries:
make release-static
-
Optional: build documentation in
doc/html
(omitHAVE_DOT=YES
ifgraphviz
is not installed):HAVE_DOT=YES doxygen Doxyfile
On the Raspberry Pi
Tested on a Raspberry Pi Zero with a clean install of minimal Raspbian Stretch (2017-09-07 or later) from https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/raspbian/. If you are using Raspian Jessie, please see note in the following section.
-
apt-get update && apt-get upgrade
to install all of the latest software -
Install the dependencies for Monero from the 'Debian' column in the table above.
-
Increase the system swap size:
sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile stop
sudo nano /etc/dphys-swapfile
CONF_SWAPSIZE=1024
sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile start
- Clone monero and checkout most recent release version:
git clone https://github.com/monero-project/monero.git
cd monero
git checkout tags/v<IP_ADDRESS>
- Build:
make release
-
Wait 4-6 hours
-
The resulting executables can be found in
build/release/bin
-
Add
PATH="$PATH:$HOME/monero/build/release/bin"
to.profile
-
Run Monero with
monerod --detach
-
You may wish to reduce the size of the swap file after the build has finished, and delete the boost directory from your home directory
Note for Raspbian Jessie users:
If you are using the older Raspbian Jessie image, compiling Monero is a bit more complicated. The version of Boost available in the Debian Jessie repositories is too old to use with Monero, and thus you must compile a newer version yourself. The following explains the extra steps, and has been tested on a Raspberry Pi 2 with a clean install of minimal Raspbian Jessie.
- As before,
apt-get update && apt-get upgrade
to install all of the latest software, and increase the system swap size
sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile stop
sudo nano /etc/dphys-swapfile
CONF_SWAPSIZE=1024
sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile start
-
Then, install the dependencies for Monero except
libunwind
andlibboost-all-dev
-
Install the latest version of boost (this may first require invoking
apt-get remove --purge libboost*
to remove a previous version if you're not using a clean install):
cd
wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.64.0/boost_1_64_0.tar.bz2
tar xvfo boost_1_64_0.tar.bz2
cd boost_1_64_0
./bootstrap.sh
sudo ./b2
- Wait ~8 hours
sudo ./bjam install
-
Wait ~4 hours
-
From here, follow the general Raspberry Pi instructions from the "Clone monero and checkout most recent release version" step.
On Windows:
Binaries for Windows are built on Windows using the MinGW toolchain within MSYS2 environment. The MSYS2 environment emulates a POSIX system. The toolchain runs within the environment and cross-compiles binaries that can run outside of the environment as a regular Windows application.
Preparing the build environment
-
Download and install the MSYS2 installer, either the 64-bit or the 32-bit package, depending on your system.
-
Open the MSYS shell via the
MSYS2 Shell
shortcut -
Update packages using pacman:
pacman -Syuu
-
Exit the MSYS shell using Alt+F4
-
Edit the properties for the
MSYS2 Shell
shortcut changing "msys2_shell.bat" to "msys2_shell.cmd -mingw64" for 64-bit builds or "msys2_shell.cmd -mingw32" for 32-bit builds -
Restart MSYS shell via modified shortcut and update packages again using pacman:
pacman -Syuu
-
Install dependencies:
To build for 64-bit Windows:
pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-toolchain make mingw-w64-x86_64-cmake mingw-w64-x86_64-boost mingw-w64-x86_64-openssl mingw-w64-x86_64-zeromq mingw-w64-x86_64-libsodium
To build for 32-bit Windows:
pacman -S mingw-w64-i686-toolchain make mingw-w64-i686-cmake mingw-w64-i686-boost mingw-w64-i686-openssl mingw-w64-i686-zeromq mingw-w64-i686-libsodium
-
Open the MingW shell via
MinGW-w64-Win64 Shell
shortcut on 64-bit Windows orMinGW-w64-Win64 Shell
shortcut on 32-bit Windows. Note that if you are running 64-bit Windows, you will have both 64-bit and 32-bit MinGW shells.
Building
-
If you are on a 64-bit system, run:
make release-static-win64
-
If you are on a 32-bit system, run:
make release-static-win32
-
The resulting executables can be found in
build/release/bin
On FreeBSD:
The project can be built from scratch by following instructions for Linux above. If you are running monero in a jail you need to add the flag: allow.sysvipc=1
to your jail configuration, otherwise lmdb will throw the error message: Failed to open lmdb environment: Function not implemented
.
We expect to add Monero into the ports tree in the near future, which will aid in managing installations using ports or packages.
On OpenBSD:
OpenBSD < 6.2
This has been tested on OpenBSD 5.8.
You will need to add a few packages to your system. pkg_add db cmake gcc gcc-libs g++ miniupnpc gtest
.
The doxygen and graphviz packages are optional and require the xbase set.
The Boost package has a bug that will prevent librpc.a from building correctly. In order to fix this, you will have to Build boost yourself from scratch. Follow the directions here (under "Building Boost"): https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/master/doc/build-openbsd.md
You will have to add the serialization, date_time, and regex modules to Boost when building as they are needed by Monero.
To build: env CC=egcc CXX=eg++ CPP=ecpp DEVELOPER_LOCAL_TOOLS=1 BOOST_ROOT=/path/to/the/boost/you/built make release-static-64
OpenBSD >= 6.2
You will need to add a few packages to your system. Choose version 4 for db. pkg_add db cmake miniupnpc zeromq
.
The doxygen and graphviz packages are optional and require the xbase set.
Build the Boost library using clang. This guide is derived from: https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/master/doc/build-openbsd.md
We assume you are compiling with a non-root user and you have doas
enabled.
Note: do not use the boost package provided by OpenBSD, as we are installing boost to /usr/local
.
# Create boost building directory
mkdir ~/boost
cd ~/boost
# Fetch boost source
ftp -o boost_1_64_0.tar.bz2 https://netcologne.dl.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.64.0/boost_1_64_0.tar.bz2
# MUST output: (SHA256) boost_1_64_0.tar.bz2: OK
echo "7bcc5caace97baa948931d712ea5f37038dbb1c5d89b43ad4def4ed7cb683332 boost_1_64_0.tar.bz2" | sha256 -c
tar xfj boost_1_64_0.tar.bz2
# Fetch a boost patch, required for OpenBSD
ftp -o boost.patch https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openbsd/ports/bee9e6df517077a7269ff0dfd57995f5c6a10379/devel/boost/patches/patch-boost_test_impl_execution_monitor_ipp
cd boost_1_64_0
patch -p0 < ../boost.patch
# Start building boost
echo 'using clang : : c++ : <cxxflags>"-fvisibility=hidden -fPIC" <linkflags>"" <archiver>"ar" <striper>"strip" <ranlib>"ranlib" <rc>"" : ;' > user-config.jam
./bootstrap.sh --without-icu --with-libraries=chrono,filesystem,program_options,system,thread,test,date_time,regex,serialization --with-toolset=clang
./b2 toolset=clang cxxflags="-stdlib=libc++" linkflags="-stdlib=libc++"
doas ./b2 -d0 runtime-link=shared threadapi=pthread threading=multi link=static variant=release --layout=tagged --build-type=complete --user-config=user-config.jam -sNO_BZIP2=1 --prefix=/usr/local install
Build cppzmq
Build the cppzmq bindings.
We assume you are compiling with a non-root user and you have doas
enabled.
# Create a library link so cmake is able to find it
doas ln -s /usr/local/lib/libzmq.so.4.1 /usr/local/lib/libzmq.so
# Create cppzmq building directory
mkdir ~/cppzmq
cd ~/cppzmq
# Fetch cppzmq source
ftp -o cppzmq-4.2.2.tar.gz https://github.com/zeromq/cppzmq/archive/v4.2.2.tar.gz
# MUST output: (SHA256) cppzmq-4.2.2.tar.gz: OK
echo "3ef50070ac5877c06c6bb25091028465020e181bbfd08f110294ed6bc419737d cppzmq-4.2.2.tar.gz" | sha256 -c
tar xfz cppzmq-4.2.2.tar.gz
# Start building cppzmq
cd cppzmq-4.2.2
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..
doas make install
Build monero: env DEVELOPER_LOCAL_TOOLS=1 BOOST_ROOT=/usr/local make release-static
On Solaris:
The default Solaris linker can't be used, you have to install GNU ld, then run cmake manually with the path to your copy of GNU ld:
mkdir -p build/release
cd build/release
cmake -DCMAKE_LINKER=/path/to/ld -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release ../..
cd ../..
Then you can run make as usual.
On Linux for Android (using docker):
# Build image (select android64.Dockerfile for aarch64)
cd utils/build_scripts/ && docker build -f android32.Dockerfile -t monero-android .
# Create container
docker create -it --name monero-android monero-android bash
# Get binaries
docker cp monero-android:/opt/android/monero/build/release/bin .
Building portable statically linked binaries
By default, in either dynamically or statically linked builds, binaries target the specific host processor on which the build happens and are not portable to other processors. Portable binaries can be built using the following targets:
make release-static-linux-x86_64
builds binaries on Linux on x86_64 portable across POSIX systems on x86_64 processorsmake release-static-linux-i686
builds binaries on Linux on x86_64 or i686 portable across POSIX systems on i686 processorsmake release-static-linux-armv8
builds binaries on Linux portable across POSIX systems on armv8 processorsmake release-static-linux-armv7
builds binaries on Linux portable across POSIX systems on armv7 processorsmake release-static-linux-armv6
builds binaries on Linux portable across POSIX systems on armv6 processorsmake release-static-win64
builds binaries on 64-bit Windows portable across 64-bit Windows systemsmake release-static-win32
builds binaries on 64-bit or 32-bit Windows portable across 32-bit Windows systems
Running monerod
The build places the binary in bin/
sub-directory within the build directory
from which cmake was invoked (repository root by default). To run in
foreground:
./bin/monerod
To list all available options, run ./bin/monerod --help
. Options can be
specified either on the command line or in a configuration file passed by the
--config-file
argument. To specify an option in the configuration file, add
a line with the syntax argumentname=value
, where argumentname
is the name
of the argument without the leading dashes, for example log-level=1
.
To run in background:
./bin/monerod --log-file monerod.log --detach
To run as a systemd service, copy
monerod.service to /etc/systemd/system/
and
monerod.conf to /etc/
. The example
service assumes that the user monero
exists
and its home is the data directory specified in the example
config.
If you're on Mac, you may need to add the --max-concurrency 1
option to
monero-wallet-cli, and possibly monerod, if you get crashes refreshing.
Internationalization
See README.i18n.md.
Using Tor
While Monero isn't made to integrate with Tor, it can be used wrapped with torsocks, if you add --p2p-bind-ip <IP_ADDRESS> to the monerod command line. You also want to set DNS requests to go over TCP, so they'll be routed through Tor, by setting DNS_PUBLIC=tcp or use a particular DNS server with DNS_PUBLIC=tcp://a.b.c.d (default is <IP_ADDRESS>, which is Google DNS). You may also disable IGD (UPnP port forwarding negotiation), which is pointless with Tor. To allow local connections from the wallet, you might have to add TORSOCKS_ALLOW_INBOUND=1, some OSes need it and some don't. Example:
DNS_PUBLIC=tcp torsocks monerod --p2p-bind-ip <IP_ADDRESS> --no-igd
or:
DNS_PUBLIC=tcp TORSOCKS_ALLOW_INBOUND=1 torsocks monerod --p2p-bind-ip <IP_ADDRESS> --no-igd
TAILS ships with a very restrictive set of firewall rules. Therefore, you need to add a rule to allow this connection too, in addition to telling torsocks to allow inbound connections. Full example:
sudo iptables -I OUTPUT 2 -p tcp -d <IP_ADDRESS> -m tcp --dport 18081 -j ACCEPT
DNS_PUBLIC=tcp torsocks ./monerod --p2p-bind-ip <IP_ADDRESS> --no-igd --rpc-bind-ip <IP_ADDRESS> --data-dir /home/amnesia/Persistent/your/directory/to/the/blockchain
./monero-wallet-cli
Debugging
This section contains general instructions for debugging failed installs or problems encountered with Monero. First ensure you are running the latest version built from the Github repo.
Obtaining stack traces and core dumps on Unix systems
We generally use the tool gdb
(GNU debugger) to provide stack trace functionality, and ulimit
to provide core dumps in builds which crash or segfault.
- To use gdb in order to obtain a stack trace for a build that has stalled:
Run the build.
Once it stalls, enter the following command:
gdb /path/to/monerod `pidof monerod`
Type thread apply all bt
within gdb in order to obtain the stack trace
- If however the core dumps or segfaults:
Enter ulimit -c unlimited
on the command line to enable unlimited filesizes for core dumps
Enter echo core | sudo tee /proc/sys/kernel/core_pattern
to stop cores from being hijacked by other tools
Run the build.
When it terminates with an output along the lines of "Segmentation fault (core dumped)", there should be a core dump file in the same directory as monerod. It may be named just core
, or core.xxxx
with numbers appended.
You can now analyse this core dump with gdb
as follows:
gdb /path/to/monerod /path/to/dumpfile
Print the stack trace with bt
- To run monero within gdb:
Type gdb /path/to/monerod
Pass command-line options with --args
followed by the relevant arguments
Type run
to run monerod
Analysing memory corruption
We use the tool valgrind
for this.
Run with valgrind /path/to/monerod
. It will be slow.
LMDB
Instructions for debugging suspected blockchain corruption as per @HYC
There is an mdb_stat
command in the LMDB source that can print statistics about the database but it's not routinely built. This can be built with the following command:
cd ~/monero/external/db_drivers/liblmdb && make
The output of mdb_stat -ea <path to blockchain dir>
will indicate inconsistencies in the blocks, block_heights and block_info table.
The output of mdb_dump -s blocks <path to blockchain dir>
and mdb_dump -s block_info <path to blockchain dir>
is useful for indicating whether blocks and block_info contain the same keys.
These records are dumped as hex data, where the first line is the key and the second line is the data.


Camila Cabello Has A Super Cheesy Response On Being Asked About A Collab With Beau Shawn Mendes After Senorita
She is gearing up to release her new album "Romance".
by IANSSinger Camila Cabello says she is “collaborating” with her singer-boyfriend Shawn Mendes “on life”, as she says she is not sure if they will make more music together in the near future.
Asked about another collaboration with Mendes, Cabello said: “We collaborate on life. So, we’ll see in music.”
She is gearing up to release her new album “Romance”, and has teased the tracks on the upcoming record will mostly be centred around her relationship with the “In My Blood” hitmaker and the “chaos that ensues” from “falling in love”.
“The inspiration behind my album is really being in love. It’s called ‘Romance’ so it’s like … all stories about my life the past couple of years and just the chaos that ensues when you fall in love,” Cabello told eonline.com.
Cabello and Mendes sparked dating rumours in July when they released “Senorita”, and later confirmed their relationship following weeks of speculation.
And recently, Mendes said the couple began their relationship on July 4.
He said: “We haven’t been dating for that long. We’ve been dating since July 4th officially.”


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The ARRS focuses on elite distance running at distances 3000m and longer. Many of the statistics on this website have been generated from the ARRS database which has more than 600,000 performances from more than 100,000 races by more than 27,000 elite distance runners world-wide. This database and website would not be possible without the contributions of hundreds of people and many thousands of volunteer hours by dedicated ARRS members. | ||
| Introductory Page (select language) | |||
| English French Dutch Turkish German Swedish Latvian |
Spanish Polish Russian Portuguese Slovak Maltese Italian |
RECORDS
Historical Annual Marathon Rankings |
RACES Longest Running Crosscountry Races Longest Running Ultramarathons Largest Prize Money Distributions
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| Translations have been provided by: Luis Arribas Sandonis SPANISH Phil Billard FRENCH Zbigniew Jonik POLISH Wim vanHemert DUTCH Sergey Krasnoshchekov RUSSIAN Osman Atakan Tekin TURKISH André Vazquez PORTUGUESE Werner Sonntag GERMAN Juraj Gasparovic SLOVAK Birger Fält & Tomas Magnusson SWEDISH Paul Grech MALTESE Gunars Akerbergs LATVIAN Paul Grech/Indro Neri ITALIAN Note: Languages are presented in the order that translations were received. |
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| NOTES Road performances are classified as "record quality", "statistically valid", or "statistically invalid" based on the start/finish separation and the net drop of the course. Record Quality .....Start/finish separation is less than 30% of the race distance and the net drop is less than 1.0 m/km Statistically Valid (suffix "a") .....The net drop is less than 5.0 m/km and the net effect of tailwind and/or drop does not exceed 5 sec/km Statistically Invalid (suffix "x") .....The net drop is 5.0 m/km or more .....The course has been shown to have been short on remeasurement .....The course is suspect based on an analysis of the race time bias that exceeds 5 sec/km faster than expected (-5.0 sec/km) Only record quality performances are included in national and world road record lists. Record quality and statistically valid performances are included in rankings lists. Multi-part names such as "van der Weijde" may appear in computer generated lists and elsewhere with the spaces removed, i.e., "vanderWeijde." This has been done for the purposes of efficiency in entering performances into the database. |
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| Copyright. The data contained on this web site is public domain and as such, cannot be copyrighted. However the format of the presentation of the data is copyrighted. Permission to reproduce the data/tables on this website is granted provided the Association of Road Racing Statisticians is cited as the source and the ARRS website URL is included. |


Raptors unveil all new 2019-20 OVO City Edition jerseys
by Sportsnet StaffThe Toronto Raptors officially unveiled their new 2019-20 OVO City Edition jerseys on Friday.
Design-wise, the jersey keeps with past OVO styles, incorporating the black-and-gold that is now readily associated with Drake and his accompanying OVO branding.
This year’s version, however, also incorporates throwback elements from Toronto’s inaugural season.
Toronto will debut their City Edition jerseys against Canadian RJ Barrett and the New York Knicks, as well as during their Christmas Day matchup with the Boston Celtics.
The Raptors will wear them for a total of six home games this season:
• November 27 vs. the New York Knicks
• December 25 vs. the Boston Celtics
• January 17 vs. the Washington Wizards
• February 21 vs. the Phoenix Suns
• March 16 vs. the Golden State Warriors
• March 24 vs. the Los Angeles Lakers
The jerseys are a part of the team’s Welcome Toronto initiative, aimed at highlighting the city’s culture, communities, art and, of course, basketball passion.


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