with her own, and otherwise touzled and maltreated him. This was in
part confirmed by his aunt, who saw him at half-past twelve o'clock,
soon after his release, and affirmed that he was then as red as I was.
The mild Mr. Chillip could not possibly bear malice at such a time, if
at any time. He sidled into the parlor as soon as he was at liberty, and
said to my aunt in his meekest manner :
"Well, ma'am, I am happy to congratulate you."
"What upon ? " said my aunt, sharply.
Mr. Chillipwas fluttered again, by the extreme severity of my aunt's
manner ; so he made her a little bow and gave her a little smile, to mollify
her.
" Mercy on the man, what's he doing ! " cried my aunt, impatiently.
" Can 't he speak? "
"Be calm, my dear ma'am," said Mr. Chillip, in his softest accents.
" There is no longer any occasion for uneasiness, ma'am. Be calm."
I t has since been considered almost a miracle that my aunt didn 't shake
him, and shake what he had to say, out of him. She only shook her own
head at him, but in a way that made him quail.
"Well, ma'am," resumed Mr. Chillip, as soon as he had courage, " I
am happy to congratulate you. All is now over, ma'am, and well over."
During the five minutes or so that Mr. Chillip devoted to the delivery
of this oration, my aunt eyed him narrowly.
" How is she?" said my aunt, folding her arms with her bonnet still
tied on one of them.
" Well, ma'am, she will soon be quite comfortable, I hope," returned
Mr. Chillip. " Quite as comfortable as we can expect a young mother to
be, under these melancholy domestic circumstances. There cannot be any
objection to your seeing her presently, ma'am. I t may do her good."
" And she. How is she ?" said my aunt, sharply.
Mr. Chillip laid his head a little more on one side, and looked at my
aunt like an amiable bird.
" The baby," said my aunt. " How is she ?"
'< Ma'am," returned Mr. Chillip, " I apprehended you had known.
It's a boy."
 She vanished like a dis-
contented fairy; or like one of those supernatural beings, whom it
was popularly supposed I was entitled to see ; and never came back any
more.
No. I lay in my basket, and my mother lay in her bed; but Betsey
Trotwood Copperfield was for ever in the land of dreams and shadows,
the tremendous region whence I had so lately travelled; and the light
upon the window of our room shone out upon the earthly bourne of all
such travellers, and the mound above the ashes and the dust that once
was he, without whom I had never been.
46
THE PERSONAL HISTORY AND EXPERIENCE
CHAPTER 11.
I OBSERVE.
THEfirst objects that assume a distinct presence before me, as I look
far back, into the blank of my infancy, are my mother with her pretty
hair and youthful shape, and Peggotty with no shape at all, and eyes so
dark that they seemed to darken their whole neighbourhood in her face,
and cheeks and arms so hard and red that I wondered the birds didn't
peck her in preference to apples.
I believe I can remember these two at a little distance apart, dwarfed
to my sight by stooping down or kneeling on the floor, and I going
unsteadily from the one to the other. I have an impression on my mind
which I cannot distinguish from actual remembrance, of the touch of
Peggotty's fore-finger as she used to hold it out to me, and of its being
roughened by needlework, like a pocket nutmeg-grater.
This may be fancy, though I think the memory of most of us can go
farther back into such times than many of us suppose ; just as I believe
the power of observation in numbers of very young children to be quite
wonderful for its closeness and accuracy. Indeed, I think that most
grown men who are remarkable in this respect, may with greater pro-
priety be said not to have lost the faculty, than to have acquired it ; the
rather, as I generally observe such men to retain a certain freshness, and
gentleness, and capacity of being pleased, which are also an inheritance
they have preserved from their childhood.
I might have a misgiving that I am "meandering " in stopping to say
this, but that it brings me to remark that I build these conclusions, in
part upon my own experience of myself ; and if it should appear from any-
thing I may set down in this narrative that I was a child of close observa-
tion, or that as a man I have a strong memory of my childhood, I
undoubtedly lay claim to both of these characteristics.
Looking back, as I was saying, into the blank of my infancy, the first
objects I can remember as standing out by themselves from a confusion of
things, are my mother and Peggotty. What else do I remember? Let
me see.
There comes out of the cloud, our house-not new to me, but quite
familiar, in its earliest remembrance. On the ground-floor is Peggotty's
kitchen, opening into a back yard; with a pigeon-house on a pole, in the
centre, without any pigeons in it ; a great dog-kennel in a corner, without
any dog; and a quantity of fowls that look terribly tall to me, walking
about, in a menacing and ferocious manner. There is one cock who
gets upon a post to crow, and seems to take particular notice of me as I
look at him through the kitchen-window, who makes me shiver, he is so
fierce. Of the geese outside the side-gate who come waddling after me
with their long necks stretched out when I go that way, I dream at night :
as a man environed by wild beasts might dream of lions.
47
OF DAVID COPPERFIELD. 11
Here is a long passage-what an enormous perspective I make of it!-
leading from Peggotty's kitchen to the front-door. A dark store-room
opens out of it, and that is a place to be run past at night ; for I don't
know what may be among those tubs and jars and old tea-chests, when
there is nobody in there with a dimly-burning light, letting a mouldy air
come out at the door, in which there is the smell of soap, pickles, pepper,
candles, and coffee, all at one whiff. Then there are the two parlors : the
parlor in which we sit of an evening, my mother and I and Peggotty-
for Peggotty is quite our companion, when her work is done and we are
alone-and the best parlor where we sit on a Sunday ; grandly, but not
so comfortably. There is something of a doleful air about that room to
me, for Peggotty has told me-I don't know when, but apparently ages
go-about myfather's funera1,and the company having their black cloaks put
on. One Sunday night my mother reads to Peggotty and me in there,
how Lazarus was raised up from the dead. And I am so frightened that
they are afterwards obliged to take me out of bed, and shew me the quiet
churchyard out of the bedroom window, with the dead all lying in their
graves at rest, below the solemn moon.
There is nothing half so green that I know anywhere, as the grass of
that churchyard ; nothing half so shady as its trees ; nothing half so quiet
as its tombstones. The sheep are feeding there, when I kneel up, early
in the morning, in my little bed in a closet within my mother's room, to
look out at it ; and I see the red light shining on the sun-dial, and think
within myself, cc I s the sun-dial glad, I wonder, that it can tell the time
again ? "
Here is our pew in the church. What a high-backed pew! With a
window near it, out of which our house can be seen, and is seen many
times during the morning's service, by Peggotty, who likes to make her-
self as sure as she can that it's not being robbed, or is not in flames.
But though Peggotty's eye wanders, she is much offended if mine does,
and frowns to me, as I stand upon the seat, that I am to look at the
clergyman. But I can't always look at him-I know him without that
white thing on, and I am afraid of his wondering why I stare so, and
perhaps stopping the service to enquire-and what am I to do? It's
a dreadful thing to gape, but I must do something. I look at my
mother, but she pretends not to see me. I look at a boy in the
aisle, and he makes faces at me. I look at the sunlight coming in at
the open door through the porch, and there I see a stray sheep-I don't
mean a sinner, but mutton-half making up his mind to come into the
church. I feel that if I looked at him any longer, I might be tempted
to say something out loud; and what would become of me then ! I
look up at the monumental tablets on the wall, and try to think of
Mr. Bodgers late of this parish, and what the feelings of Mrs. Bodgers must
have been, when affliction sore, long time Mr. Bodgers bore, and physi-
cians were in vain. I wonder whether they called in Mr. Chillip, and he
was in vain; and if so, how he likes to be reminded of it once a week.
I look from Mr. Chillip, in his Sunday neckcloth, to the pulpit;
and think what a good place it would be to play in, and what a castle
it would make, with another boy coming up the stairs to attack it, and
48
1% THE PERSONAL HISTORY AND EXPERIENCE
having the velvet cushion with the tassels thrown down on his head.

And now I see the outside of our house, with the latticed bedroom-
windows standing open to let in the sweet-smelling air, and the ragged
old rooksy-nests still dangling in the elm-trees at the bottom of the front
garden. Now I am in the garden at the back, beyond the yard where the
empty pigeon-house and dog-kennel are-a very preserve of butterflies, as
I rcmember it, with a high fence, and a gate and padlock ; where the
fruit clusters on the trees, riper and richer than fruit has ever been since,
in any other garden, and where my mother gathers some in a basket,
while I stand by, bolting furtive gooseberries, and trying to lookunmoved.
A great wind rises, and the summer is gone in a moment. We are
playing in the winter twilight, dancing about the parlor.
That is among my very earliest impressions. That, and a sense that
we were both a little afraid of Peggotty, and submitted ourselves in most
things to her direction, were among the first opinions-if they may be so
called-that I ever derived from what I saw.
Peggotty and I were sitting one night by the parlor fire, alone. I
had been reading to Peggotty about crocodiles. I must have read
very perspicuously, or the poor soul must have been deeply interested, for I
remember she had a cloudy impression, after I had done, that they were a sort
of vegetable. I was tired of reading, and dead sleepy ; but having leave, as a
high treat, to sit up until my mother came home from spending the evening
at a neighbour's, I would rather have died upon my post (of course) than
have gone to bed. I had reached that stage of sleepiness when Peggotty
seemed to swell and grow immensely large. I propped my eyelids open
with my two forefingers, and looked perseveringly at her as she sat at
work; at the little bit of wax-candle she kept for her thread-how
old it looked, being so wrinkled in all directions !-at the little house with
a thatched roof, where the yard-measure lived; at her work-box with a
sliding lid, with a view of Saint Paul's Cathedral (with a pink dome) painted
on the top ; at the brass thimble on her finger; at herself, whom I
thought lovely. I felt so sleepy, that I knew if I lost sight of anything,
for a moment, I was gone.
"Peggotty," says I, suddenly, "were you ever married?"
" Lord, Master Davy," replied Peggotty. "What 's put marriage in
your head !"
She answered with such a start, that it quite awoke me. And then she
stopped in her work, and looked at me, with her needle drawn out to its
thread's length.
" But were you ever married, Peggotty ? " says I.
49
OF DAVID COPPERFIELD. 13
I thought her in a different style from my mother, certainly ; but of
another school of beauty, I considered her a perfect example. There was
a redvelvet footstool in the best parlor, on which my mother had painted
a nosegay. The ground-work of that stool, and Peggotty's complexion,
appeared to me to be one and the same thing. The stool was smooth,
and Peggotty was rough, but that made no difference.
" Me handsome, Davy !" said Peggotty. " Lawk, no, my dear ! But
what put marriage in your head ? "
" I don't know !-You mustn't marry more than one person at a time,
may you, Peggotty ?"
" Certainly not," says Peggotty, with the promptest decision.
"But if you marry a person, and the person dies, why then you may
marry another person, mayn't you, Peggotty ? "
"You MAY," says Peggotty, "if you choose, my dear. That's a
matter of oninion." -
r c But wcat is your opinion, Peggotty ? " said I.
I asked her, and looked curiously at her, because she looked so curiously
at me.
" My opinion is," said Peggotty, taking her eyes from me, after a little
indecision and going on with her work, "that I never was married myself,
Master Davy, and that I don't expect to be. That's all I know about the
subject."

I really thought she was, she had been so short with me; but I was
quite mistaken : for she laid aside her work, (which was a stocking of her
own,) and opening her arms wide, took my curly head within them, and
gave it a good squeeze. I know it was a good squeeze, because, being
very plump, whenever she made any little exertion after she was dressed,
some of the buttons on the back of her gown flew off. And I recol-
lect two
- .
bursting to the opposite side of the parlor, while she was
hugging me.
" Now let me hear some more about the Crorkindills," said Peggotty,
who was not quite right in the name yet, " for I an't heard half
enou~h."
---. -~
Q-
I couldn't quite understand why Peggotty looked so queer, or why she
was so ready to go back to the crocodiles. However, we returned to those
monsters, with fresh wakefulness on my part, and we left their eggs in
the sand for the sun to hatch; and we ran away from them, and baffled
them by constantly turning, which they were unable to do quickly, on
account of their unwieldy make; and we went into the water after them,
as natives, and put sharp pieces of timber down their throats; and in
short we ran the whole crocodile gauntlet. I did at least; but I had my
doubts of Peggotty, who was thoughtfully sticking her needle into various
parts of her face and arms, all the time.
We had exhausted the crocodiles, and begun with the alligators, when
the garden-bell rang. We went out to the door; and there was my
mother, looking unusually pretty, I thought, and with her a gentleman
with beautiful black hair and whiskers, who had walked home with us from
church last Sunday.
50
14 THE PERSONAL HISTORY AND EXPERIENCE
As my mother stooped down on the threshhold to take me in her arms
and kiss me, the gentleman said I was a more highly privileged little
fellow than a monarch-or something like that ; for my later understanding
comes, I am sensible, to my aid here.
" What does that mean ? " I asked him, over her shoulder.
H e patted me on the head ; but somehow, I didn't like him or his deep
voice, and I was jealous that his hand should touch my mother's in
touching me-which it did. I put it away, as well as I could.

" Dear boy ! " said the gentleman. " I cannot wonder at his devotion!"
I never saw such a beautiful color on my mother's face before. She
gently chid me for being rude ; and, keeping me close to her shawl, turned
to thank the gentleman for taking so much trouble as to bring her home.
She put out her hand to him as she spoke, and, as he met it with his own,
she glanced, I thought, at me.
" Let us say ' good night,' my fine boy," said the gentleman, when he
had bent his head-1 saw him !-over my mother's little glove.
" Good night !" said I.
" Come ! Let us be the best friends in the world ! " said the gentleman,
laughing. " Shake hands ! "
My right hand was in my mother's left, so I gave him the other.
" Why that's the wrong hand, Davy ! " laughed the gentleman.
My mother drew my right hand forward, but I was resolved, for my
former reason, not to give it him, and I did not. I gave him the other, and
he shook it heartily, and said I was a brave fellow, and went away.
At this minute I see him turn round in the garden, and give us a last
look with his ill-omened black eyes, before the door was shut.
Peggotty, who had not said a word or moved a finger, secured the
fastenings instantly, and we all went into the parlor. My mother, con-
trary to her usual habit, instead of coming to the elbow-chair by the fire,
remained at the other end of the room, and sat singing to herself.
"-Hope you have had a pleasant evening, ma'am," said Peggotty,
standing as stiff as a barrel in the centre of the room, with a candlestick
in her hand.
"Much obliged to you, Peggotty," returned my mother, in a cheerful
voice, " I have had a very pleasant evening."
"A stranger or so makes an agreeable change," suggested Peggotty.
" A very agreeable change indeed," returned my mother.
Peggotty continuing to stand motionless in the middle of the room,
and my mother resuming her singing, I fell asleep, though I was not so
sound asleep but that I could hear voices, without hearing what they said.
When I half awoke from this uncomfortable dose, I found Peggotty and
my mother both in tears, and both talking.
"Not such a one as this, Mr. Copperfield wouldn't have liked," said
Peggotty. "That I say, and that I swear !"
" Good Heavens ! " cried my mother.  Was
ever any poor girl so ill-used by her servants as I am ! Why do I do
myself the injustice of calling myself a girl? Have I never been married,
Peggotty ?"
51
OF DAVID COPPERFIELD. 15
" God knows you have, ma'am," returned Peggotty.
" Then how can you dare," said my mother-" you know I don't mean
how can you dare, Peggotty, but how can you have the heart-to make me
so uncomfortable and say such bitter things to me, when you are well
aware that I haven't, out of this place, a single friend to turn to ! "
a The more 's the reason," returned Peggotty, " for saying that it
won't do. No ! That it won't do. No ! No price could make it do.
No ! "-I thought Peggotty would have thrown the candlestick away,
she was so emphatic with it.
"How can you be so aggravating," said my mother, shedding
more tears than before, " as to talk in such an unjust manner ! How
can you go on as if it was all settled and arranged, Peggotty, when I tell
you over and over again, you cruel thing, that beyond the commonest
civilities nothing has passed! You talk of admiration. What am I
to do ? If people are so silly as to indulge the sentiment, is it my fault ?
What am I to do, I ask you?  I dare say you would, Peggotty. I dare say you 'd quite
enjoy it."
Peggotty seemed to take this aspersion very much to heart, I thought.
"And my dear boy," cried my mother, coming to the elbow-chair in
which I was, and caressing me, "my own little Davy ! I s it to be hinted
to me that I am wanting in affection for my precious treasure, the dearest
little fellow that ever was ! "
" Nobody never went and hinted no such a thing," said Peggotty.
"You did, Peggotty !" returned my mother. " You know you did.
What else was it possible to infer from what you said, you unkind creature,
when you know as well as I do, that on his account only last quarter I
wouldn't buy myself a new parasol, though that old green one is frayed
the whole way up, and the fringe is perfectly mangy. You know it is,
Peggotty. You can't deny it." Then, turning affectionately to me, with
her cheek against mine, " Am I a naughty mama to you, Davy ? Am I a
nasty, cruel, selfish, bad mama ? Say I am, my child ; say 'yes ;' dear boy,
and Peggotty will love you, and Peggotty's love is a great deal better
than mine, Davy. I dont love you at all, do I ? "
At this, we all fell a-crying together. I think I was the loudest of the
party, but I am sure we were all sincere about it. I was quite heart-
broken myself, and am afraid that in the first transports of wounded ten-
derness I called Peggotty a " Beast." That honest creature was in deep
aflhction, I remember, and must have become quite buttonless on the
occasion; for a little volley of those explosives went off, when, after
having made it up with my mother, she kneeled down by the elbow-
chair, and made it up with me.
We went to bed greatly dejected. My sobs kept waking me, for a long
time; and when one very strong sob quite hoisted me up in bed, I found
my mother sitting on the coverlet, and leaning over me. I fell asleep in
her arms, after that, and slept soundly.
Whether it was the following Sunday when I saw the gentleman again,
or whether there was any greater lapse of time before he reappeared, I
52
16 THE PERSONAL HISTORY AND EXPERIENCE
cannot recal. I don't profess to be clear about dates. But there he was,
in church, and he walked home with us afterwards. He came in, too, to
look at a famous geranium we had, in the parlor-window. I t did not
appear to me that he took much notice of it, but before he went he asked
my mother to give him a bit of the blossom. She begged him to choose
it for himself, but he refused to do that-I could not understand why-
so she plucked it for him, and gave it into his hand. He said he would
never, never, part with it any more ; and I thought he must be quite a fool
not to know that it would fall to pieces in a day or two.
Peggotty began to be less with us, of an evening, than she had always
been. My mother deferred to her very much-more than usual, it occurred
to me-and we were all three excellent friends; still we were different
from what we used to be, and were not so comfortable among our-
selves. Sometimes I fancied that Peggotty perhaps objected to my
mother's wearing all the pretty dresses she had in her drawers, or to her
going so often to visit at that neighbour's; but I couldn't, to my
satisfaction, make out how it was.
Gradually, I became used to seeing the gentleman with the black
whiskers. I liked him no better than at first, and had the same uneasy
jealousy of him; but if I had any reason for it beyond a child's instinctive
dislike, and a general idea that Peggotty and I could make much of my
mother without any help, it certainly was not the reason that I might have
found if I had been older. No such thing came into my mind, or near
it. I could observe, in little pieces, as it were ; but as to making a net of
a number of these pieces, and catching anybody in it, that was, as
yet, beyond me.

H e reined up his horse to salute my mother, and said he was going to
Lowestoft to see some friends who were there with a yacht, and
merrily proposed t o take me on the saddle before him if I would like the
ride.
The air was so clear and pleasant, and the horse seemed to like the idea
of the ride so much himself, as he stood snorting and pawing at the
garden-gate, that I had a great desire to go. So I was sent up-stairs to
Peggotty to be made spruce ; and in the meantime Mr. Murdstone dis-
mounted, and, with his horse's bridle drawn over his arm, walked slowly
up and down on the outer side of the sweetbriar fence, while my mother
walked slowly up and down on the inner to keep him company. I recol-
lect Peggotty and I peeping out at them from my little window; I recol-
lect how closely they appeared to be examining the sweetbriar between
them, as they strolled along ; and how, from being in a perfectly angelic
temper, Peggotty turned cross in a moment, and brushed my hair the
wrong way, excessively hard.
Mr. Murdstone and I were soon off, and trotting along on the green
turf by the side of the road. H e held me quite easily with one arm,
and I don't think I was restless usually; but I could not make up my
mind to sit in front of him without turning my head sometimes, and
looking up in his face. H e had that kind of shallow black eye-I want
53
OF DAVID COPPERFIELD.
a better word to express an eye that has no depth i n it to be looked into-
which, when it is abstracted, seems from some peculiarity of light to be dis-
figured, for a moment at a time, by a cast. Several times when I glanced
at him, I observed that appearance with a sort of awe, and wondered what
he was thinking about so closely. His hair and whiskers were blacker
and thicker, looked at so near, than even I had given them credit for
being. A squareness about the lower part of his face, and the dotted
indication of the strong black beard he shaved close every day, reminded me
of the wax-work that had travelled into our neighbourhood some half-a-
year before. This, his regular eyebrows, and the rich white, and black,
and brown, of his complexion- confound his complexion, and his
memory !-made me think him, in spite of my misgivings, a very
handsome man.
We went to an hotel by the sea, where two gentlemen were smoking
cigars in a room by themselves. Each of them was lying on at least four
chairs, and had a large rough jacket on. I n a corner was a heap of coats
and boat-cloaks, and a flag, all bundled up together.
They both rolled on to their feet in an untidy sort of manner when
we came in, and said " Halloa, Murdstone!  "
"Not yet," said Mr. Murdstone.
" And who's this shaver? " said one of the gentlemen, taking hold
of me.
" That's Davy," returned Mr. Murdstone.
" Davy who ? " said the gentleman. " Jones ? "
" Copperfield," said Mr. Murdstone.
" What ! Bewitching Mrs. Copperfield's incumbrance ? " cried the
gentleman. " The pretty little widow ? "
" Quinion," said Mr. Murdstone, " take care, if you please. Somebody's
sharp."
" Who is ? " asked the gentleman, laughing.
I looked up, quickly; being curious to know.
" Only Brooks of Sheffield," said Mr. Murdstone.
I was quite relieved to find it was only Brooks of Sheffield; for, as
first, I really thought it was I.
There seemed to be something very comical in the reputation of
Mr. Brooks of Sheffield, for both the gentlemen laughed heartily when he
was mentioned, and Mr. Murdstone was a good deal amused also. After
some laughing, the gentleman whom he had called Quinion, said :
"And what is the opinion of Brooks of Sheffield, in reference to the
projected business ? "
" Why, I don't know that Brooks understands much about it at pre-
sent," replied Mr. AEnrdstone; "but he is not generally favourable, I
believe."
There was more laughter at this, and Mr. Quinion said he would ring
the bell for some sherry in which to drink to Brooks. This he did;
and when the wine came, he made me have a little, with a biscuit, an$
before I drank it, stand up and say "Confusion to Brooks of Sheffield !
C
54
18 THE PERSONAL HISTORY AND EXPERIENCE
The toast was received with great applause, and such hearty laughter that
it made me laugh too; at which they laughed the more. I n short, we
quite enjoyed ourselves.
We walked about on the cliff after that, and sat on the grass, and
looked at things through a telescope-I could make out nothing myself
when it was put to my eye, but I pretended I could-and then we came
back to the hotel to an early dinner. All the time we were out, the two
gentlemen smoked incessantly-which, I thought, if I might judge from the
smell of their roughcoats, they must have been doing, ever since the coatshad
first come home from the tailor's. I must not forget that we went on
board the yacht, where they all three descended into the cabin, and were busy
with some papers. I saw them quite hard at work, when I looked down
through the open skylight. They left me, during this time, with a very nice
man with a very large head of red hair and a very small shiny hat upon it,
who had got a cross-barred shirt or waistcoat on, with " Skylark " in capital
letters across the chest. I thought it was his name; and that as he lived
on board ship and hadn't a street-door to put his name on, he put it
there instead; but when I called him Mr. Skylark, he said it meant the
vessel.
I observed all day that Mr. Murdstone was graver and steadier than the
two gentlemen.  They joked freely with
one another, but seldom with him. I t appeared to me that he was more
clever and cold than they were, and that they regarded him with some-
thing of my own feeling. I remarked that once or twice when Mr.
Quinion was talking, he looked at Mr. Murdstone sideways, as if to make
sure of his not being displeased ; and that once when Mr. Passnidge (the
other gentleman) was in high spirits, he trod upon his foot, and gave him
a secret caution with his eyes, to observe Mr. &!turdstone, who was sitting
stern and silent. Nor do I recollect that Mr. Murdstone laughed at all
that day, except at the Sheffield joke-and that, by the by, was his
own.
MTe went home early in the evening. I t was a very fine evening, and
my mother and he had another stroll by the sweet-briar, while I was sent
in to get my tea, When he was gone, my mother asked me all about the
day I had had, and what they had said and done. I mentioned what they
had said about her, and she laughed, and told me they were impudent
fellows who talked nonsense-but I knew it pleased her. I knew it quite
as well as I know it now. I took the opportunity of asking if she was
at all acquainted with Nr. Brooks of Sheffield, but she answered
No, only she supposed he must be a manufacturer in the knife and fork
way.
Can I say of her face-altered as I have reason to remember it,
perished as I know i t is-that it is gone, when here it comes before me at
this instant, as distinct as any face that I may choose to look on in a
crowded street? Can I say of her innocent and girlish beauty, that it
faded, and was no more, when its breath falls on my cheek now, as it fell
that night ? Can I say she ever changed, when my remembrance brings
her back to life, thus only ; and, truer to its loving youth than I have been,
or man ever is, still holds fast what it cherished then?
55
OF DAVID COPPERFIELD. 19
I write of her just as she was when I had gone to bed after this talk,
and she came to bid me good night. She kneeled down playfully by the
side of the bed, and laying her chin upon her hands, and laughing,
said :
'c What was it they said, Davy ? Tell me again. I can't believe it."
" ' Bewitching-' " I began.
My mother put her hands upon her lips to stop me.
" It was never bewitching," she said, laughing. '< It never could have
been bewitching, Davy. Now I know it wasn't !"
"Yes it was. 'Bewitching Mrs. Copperfield,"' I repeated stoutly.
" And 'pretty.' "
" No no, it was never pretty. Not pretty," interposed my mother,
laying her fingers on my lips again.
" Yes it was. ' Pretty little widow.' "
" What foolish, impudent creatures !" cried my mother, laughing and
covering her face. "What ridiculous men ! An't they? Davy dear-"
" Well, Ma."
"Don't tell Peggotty ; she might be angry with them. I am dreadfully
angry with them myself; but I would rather Peggotty didn't know."
I promised, of course ; and we kissed one another over and over again,
and I soon fell fast asleep.
I t seems to me, at this distance of time, as if it were the next day when
Peggotty broached the striking and adventurous proposition I am about to
mention ; but it was probably about two months afterwards.
We were sitting as before, one evening (when my mother was out
as before), in company with the stocking and the yard measure, and the
bit of wax, and the box with Saint Paul's on the lid, and the crocodile
book, when Peggotty, after looking at me several times, and opening
her mouth as if she were going to speak, without doing it-which I
thought was merely gaping, or I should have been rather alarmed-said
coaxingly :
"Master Davy, how should you like to go along with me and spend a
fortnight at my brothcr's at Yarmouth? Wouldn't tAat be a treat? "
" I s your brother an agreeable man, Peggotty? " I enquired, pro-
visionally.
 "Then there's the sea; and the boats and ships; and the
fishermen ; and the beach ; and Am to play with-"
Peggotty meant her nephew Ham, mentioned in my first chapter ;ut
she spoke of him as a morsel of English Grammar.
I was flushed by her summary of delights, and replied that it woula
indeed be a treat, but what would my mother say?
 I 1' 1 ask her, if you like, as soon as ever she
comes home. There now ! "
" But what 's she to do while we 're away ? " said I, putting my small
elbows on the table to argue the point. " She can 't live by herself."
If Peggotty were looking for a hole, all of a sudden, in the heel of that
stocking, i t must have been a very little one indeed, and not worth
darning. c 2
56
THE PERSONAL HISTORY AND EXPERIENCE
" I say ! Peggotty ! She can 't live by herself, you know."
" Oh bless you! " said Peggotty, looking at me again at last. "Don't
you know? She's going to stay for a fortnight with Mrs. Grayper.
Mrs. Grayper's going to have a lot of company."
Oh ! If that was it, I was quite ready to go. I waited, in the utmost
impatience, until my mother came home from Mrs. Grayper's (for it was
that identical neighbour), to ascertain if we could get leave to carry out
this great idea. Without being nearly so much surprised as I had expected,
my mother entered into it readily; and it was all arranged that night, and
my board and lodging during the visit were to be paid for.
The day soon came for our going. I t was such an early day that it
came soon, even to me, who was in a fever of expectation, and half afraid
that an earthquake or a fiery mountain, or some other great convulsioil of
nature, might interpose to stop the expedition. We were to go in a
carrier's cart, which departed in the morning after breakfast. I would
have given any money to have been allowed to wrap myself up over-night,
and sleep in my hat and boots.
I t touches me nearly now, although I tell it lightly, to recollect how
eager I was to leave my happy home ; to think how little I suspected what
I did leave for ever.
I am glad to recollect that when the carrier's cart was at the gate, and
my mother stood there kissing me, a grateful fondness for her and for the
old place I had never turned my back upon before, made me cry. I am
glad to know that my mother cried too, and that I felt her heart beat
against mine.
I am glad to recollect that when the carrier began to move, my mother
ran out at the gate, and called to him to stop, that she might kiss me
once more. I am glad to dwell upon the earnestness and love with which
she lifted up her face to mine, and did so.
As we left her standing in the road, Mr. Murdstone came up to where
she was, and seemed to expostulate with her for being so moved. I was
looking back round the awning of the cart, and wondered what business it
was of his. Peggotty, who was also looking back on the other side,
seemed anything but satisfied ; as the face she brought back into the cart
denoted.
I sat looking at Peggotty for some time, in a reverie on this supposi-
titious case : whether, if she were employed to lose me like the boy in
the fairy tale, I should be able to track my way home again by the buttons
she would shed.
57
OF DAVID COPPERFIELD.
CHAPTER 111.

THEcarrier's horse was the laziest horse in the world, I should hope,
and shuffled along, with his head down, as if he liked to keep the people
waiting to whom the packages were directed. I fancied, indeed, that he
sometimes chuckled audibly over this reflection, but the carrier said he
was only troubled with a cough.
The carrier had a way of keeping his head down, like his horse, and of
drooping sleepily forward as he drove, with one of his arms on each of his
knees. I say "drove," but it struck me that the cart would have gone
to Yarmouth quite as well without him, for the horse did all that ; and as
to conversation, he had no idea of it but whistling.
Peggotty had a basket of refreshments on her knee, which would
have lasted us out handsomely, if we had been going to London by the
same conveyance. We ate a good deal, and slept a good deal. Peggotty
always went to sleep with her chin upon the handle of the basket, her
hold of which never relaxed; and I could not have believed unless I had
heard her do it, that one defenceless woman could have snored so
much.
We made so many deviations up and down lanes, and were such a
long time delivering a bedstead at a public-house, and calling at other
places, that I was quite tired, and very glad, when we saw Yarmouth.
I t looked rather spongey and soppy, I thought, as I carried my eye
over the great dull waste that lay across the river; and I could not
help wondering, if the world were really as round as my geography-
book said, how any part of it came to be so flat. But I reflected that
Yarmouth might be situated at one of the poles; which would account
for it.
As we drew a little nearer, and saw the whole adjacent prospect lying
a straight low line under the sky, I hinted to Peggotty that a mound
or so might have improved i t ; and also that if the land had been a little
more separated from the sea, and the town and the tide had not been
quite so much mixed up, like toast and water, it would have been nicer.
But Peggotty said, with greater emphasis than usual, that we must take
things as we found them, and that, for her part, she was proud to call
herself a Yarmouth Bloater.
When we got into the street (which was strange enough to me), and
smelt the fish, and pitch, and oakum, and tar, and saw the sailors
walking about, and the carts jingling up and down over the stones, I felt
that I had done so busy a place an injustice ; and said as much to Peg-
gotty, who heard my expressions of delight with great complacency, and
told me it was well known (I suppose to those who had the good fortune
58
59
OF DAVID COPPERFIELD. 23
there were some common colored pictures, framed and glazed, of scripture
subjects ; such as I have never seen since in the hands of pedlars, without
seeing the whole interior of Peggotty's brother's house again, at one view.
Abraham in red going to sacrifice Isaac in blue, and Daniel in yellow cast
into a den of green lions, were the most prominent of these. Over the
little mantel-shelf, was a picture of the Sarah Jane lugger, built a t
Sunderland, with a real little wooden stern stuck on to i t ; a work of art,
combining composition with carpentery, which I considered to be one of
the most enviable possessions that the world could afford. There were
some hooks in the beams of the ceiling, the use of which I did not divine
then; and some lockers and boxes and conveniences of that sort, which
served for seats and eked out the chairs.
All this, I saw in the first glance after I crossed the threshold-child-
like, according to my theory-and then Peggotty opened a little door and
showed me my bedroom. I t was the completest and most desirable
bedroom ever seen-in the stern of the vessel ; with a little window, where
the rudder used to go through; a little looking-glass, just the right
height for me, nailed against the wall, and framed with oyster-shells ; a
little bed, which there was just room enough to get into; and a nosegay
of seaweed in a blue mug on the table. The walls were whitewashed as
white as milk, and the patchwork counterpane made my eyes quite ache
with its brightness. One thing I particularly noticed in this delightful
house, was the smell of fish ; which was so searching, that when I took
out my pocket-handkerchief to wipe my nose, I found it smelt exactly as
if i t had wrapped up a lobster. On my imparting this discovery
in confidence to Peggotty, she informed me that her brother dealt in
lobsters, crabs, and crawfish ; and I afterwards found that a heap of these
creatures, in a state of wonderful conglomeration with one another,
and never leaving off pinching whatever they laid hold of, were usually
to be found in a little wooden outhouse where the pots and kettles were
kept.
We were welcomed by a very civil woman in a white apron, whom
I had seen curtseying at the door when I was on Ham's back,
about a quarter of a mile off. Likewise by a most beautiful little
girl (or I thought her so) with a necklace of blue beads on, who
wouldn't let me kiss her when I offered to, but ran away and hid herself.
By and by, when we had dined in a sumptuous manner off boiled dabs,
melted butter, and potatoes, with a chop for me, a hairy man with
a very good-natured face came home. As he called Peggotty "Lass,"
and gave her a hearty smack on the cheek, I had no doubt, from the
general propriety of her conduct, that he was her brother; and so he
turned out-being presently introduced to me as Mr. Peggotty, the
master of the house.
" Glad to see you, sir," said Mr. Peggotty. "You'll find us rough,
sir, but you '11 find us ready."
I thanked him, and replied that I was sure I should be happy in such
a delightful place.
" How's your Ma, sir," said Mr. Peggotty. "Did you leave her
pretty jolly ? "
60
THE PERSONAL HISTORY AXD EXPERIENCE
I gave Mr. Peggotty to understand that she was as jolly as I could
wish, and that she desired her compliments-which was a polite fiction
on my part.
" I 'm much obleeged to her, I 'm sure," said Mr. Peggotty. c r Well
sir, if you can make out here, fur a fortnut, 'long wi' her," nodding at
his sister, " and Ham, and little Em'ly, we shall be proud of your
company."
Having done the honors of his house in this hospitable manner,
Mr. Peggotty went out to wash himself in a kettleful of hot water, remarking
that 'I cold would never get his muck off." He soon returned, greatly
improved in appearance ; but so rubicund, that I couldn't help thinking
his face had this in common with the lobsters, crabs, and crawfish,-that
it went into the hot water very black, and came out very red.
After tea, when the door was shut and all was made snug (the nights
being cold and misty now), it seemed to me the most delicious retreat
that the imagination of man could conceive. To hear the wind getting
up out at sea, to know that the fog was creeping over the desolate flat
outside, and to look at the fire, and think that there was no house near
but this one, and this one a boat, was like enchantment. Little Em'ly
had overcome her shyness, and was sitting by my side upon the lowest
and least of the lockers, which was just large enough for us two, and just
fitted into the chimney corner. Mrs. Peggotty with the white apron, was
knitting on the opposite side of the fire. Peggotty at her needle-work
was as much at home with Saint Paul's and the bit of wax-candle, as if
they had never known any other roof. Ham, who had been giving me
my first lesson in all-fours, was trying to recollect a scheme of telling
fortunes with the dirty cards, and was printing off fishy impressions of his
thumb on all the cards he turned. Mr. Peggotty was smoking his pipe.
I felt it was a time for conversation and confidence.
" Mr. Peggotty ! " says I.
"Sir," says he.
" Did you give your son the name of Ham, because you lived in a sort
of ark ? "
Mr. Peggotty seemed to think it a deep idea, but answered :
" No, sir. I never giv him no name."
"Who gave him that name, then? " said I, putting question number
two of the catechism to Mr. Peggotty.
"Why, sir, his father giv it him," said Mr. Peggotty.
" I thought you were his father ! "
" My brother Joe was his father," said Mr. Peggotty.
" Dead, Mr. Peggotty ? " I hinted, after a respectful pause.
" Drowndead," said Mr. Peggotty.
I was very much surprised that Mr. Peggotty was not Ham's father,
and began to wonder whether I was mistaken about his relationship to
anybody else there. I was so curious to know, that I made up my mind
to have it out with Mr. Peggotty.
" Little Em'ly," I said, glancing at her. "She is your daughter, isn 't
she, Mr. Peggotty ? "
" No, sir. My brother in law, Tom, was her father."
61
OF DAVID COPPERFIELD. 25
I couldn 't help it. " -Dead, Mr. Peggotty ? " I hinted, after another
respectful silence.
" Drowndead," said Mr. Peggotty.
I felt the difficulty of resuming the subject, but had not got to the
bottom of it yet, and must get to the bottom somehow. So I said :
" Havn 't you any children, Mr. Peggotty ? "
" No, master," he answered with a short laugh. " I 'm a bacheldore."
" A bachelor ! " I said, astonished. " Why, who 's that, Mr. Peg-
gotty ? " Pointing to the person in the apron who was knitting.
" That's Missis Gummidge," said Mr. Peggotty.
" Gummidge, Mr. Peggotty ?"
But at this point Peggotty-I mean my own peculiar Peggotty-
made such impressive motions to me not to ask any more questions,
that I could only sit and look at all the silent company, until it
was time to go to bed. Then, in the privacy of my own little cabin,
she informed me that Ham and Em'ly were an orphan nephew and
niece, whom my host had at different times adopted in their child-
hood, when they were left destitute ; and that Mrs. Gummidge was
the widow of his partner in a boat, who had died very poor. EIe
was but a poor man himself, said Peggotty, but as good as gold
and as true as steel-those were her similies. The only subject, she
informed me, on which he ever showed a violent temper or swore an
oath, was this generosity of his; and if it were ever referred to, by any
one of them, he struck the table a heavy blow with his right hand (had
split it on one such occasion), and swore a dreadful oath that he would
be ' Gormed' if he didn't cut and run for good, if it was ever men-
tioned again. It appeared, in answer to my inquiries, that nobody
had the least idea of the etymology of this terrible verb passive to be
gormed; but that they all regarded it as constituting a most solemn
imprecation.
I was very sensible of my entertainer's goodness, and listened to the
women's going to bed in another little crib like mine at the opposite end
of the boat, and to him and Ham hanging up two hammocks for themselves
on the hooks I had noticed in the roof, in a very luxurious state of
mind, enhanced by my being sleepy. As slumber gradually stole upon
me, I heard the wind howling out at sea and coming on across the flat so
fiercely, that I had a lazy apprehension of the great deep rising in the
night. But I bethought myself that I was in a boat, after all; and that a
man like Mr. Peggotty was not a bad person to have on board if anything
did happen.
Nothing happened, however, worse than morning. Almost as soon as it
shone upon the oyster-shell frame of my mirror I was out of bed, and out
with little Em'ly, picking up stones upon the beach.
 " I said to Em'ly. I don't know
that I supposed any thing of the kind, but I felt it an act of gallantry to
say something; and a shining sail close to us made such a pretty little
image of itself, at the moment, in her bright eye, that it came into my head
to say this.
" No," replied Em'ly, shaking her head, " I'm afraid of the sea."
62
26 THE PERSONAL HISTORY AND EXPERIENCE
"Afraid !" I said, with a becoming air of boldness, and looking very
big at the mighty ocean. "Ia'nt ! "
"Ah ! but it's cruel," said Em'ly. " I have seen it very cruel to some
of our men. I have seen it tear a boat as big as our house, all to pieces."
"I hope i t was'nt the boat that -"
" That father was drownded in ?" said Em'ly. " No. Not that one, I
never see that boat."
" Nor him ?" I asked her.
Little Em'ly shook her head. " Not to remember ! "
Here was a coincidence ! I immediately went into an explanation how
I had never seen my own father; and how my mother and I had always
lived by ourselves in the happiest state imaginable, and lived so then, and
always meant to live so ; and how my father's grave was in the churchyard
near our house, and shaded by a tree, beneath the boughs of which I
had walked and heard the birds sing many a pleasant morning. But
there were some differences between Em'ly's orphanhood and mine, it ap-
peared. She had lost her mother before her father; and where her father's
grave was no one knew, except that it was somewhere in the depths of the
sea.
"Besides," said Em'ly, as she looked about for shells and pebbles,
" your father was a gentleman and your mother is a lady; and my father
was a fisherman and my mother was a fisherman's daughter, and my uncle
Dan is a fisherman.
" Dan is Mr. Peggotty, is he ? " said I.
" Uncle Dan-yonder," answered Em'ly, nodding at the boat-house.
"Yes. I mean him. He must be very good, I should think? "
" Good? " said Em'ly.
I said I had no doubt that Mr. Peggotty well deserved these treasures.
I must acknowledge that I felt it difficult to picture him quite at his ease
in the raiment proposed for him by his grateful little niece, and that I
was particularly doubtful of the policy of the cocked hat ; but I kept these
sentiments to myself.
Little Em'ly had stopped and looked up at the sky in her enumeration
of these articles, as if they were a glorious vision. We went on again,
picking up shells and pebbles.
" You would like to be a lady ? " I said.
Emily looked at me, and laughed and nodded "yes."
" I should like it very much. We would all be gentlefolks together,
then. Me, and uncle, and Ham, and Mrs. Gummidge. We wouldn't
mind then, when there come stormy weather.-Not for our own sakes, I
mean. We would for the poor fishermen's, to be sure, and we 'd help 'em
with money when they come to any hurt."
This seemed to me to be a very satisfactory and therefore not at all
improbable picture. I expressed my pleasure in the contemplation of it,
and little Em'ly was emboldened to say, shyly,
" Don't you think you are afraid of the sea, now ? "
63
OF DAVID COPPERFIELD. 27
It was quiet enough to reassure me, but I have no doubt if I had seen
a moderately large wave come tumbling in, I should have taken to my
heels, with an awful recollection of her drowned relations. However, I
said " No," and I added, "You don't seem to be, either, though you say
you are;"-for she was walking much too near the brink of a sort of
old jetty or wooden causeway we had strolled upon, and I was afraid of
her falling over.
"I'm not afraid in this way," said little Em'ly. "But I wake
when it blows, and tremble to think of uncle Dan and Ham, and
believe I hear'em crying out for help. That's why I should like so
much to be a lady. But I ' m not afraid in this way. Not a bit. Look
here ! "
She started from my side, and ran along a jagged timber which pro-
truded from the place we stood upon, and overhung the deep water at
some height, without the least defence. The incident is so impressed on
my remembrance, that if I were a draughtsman I could draw its form
here, I daresay, accurately as it was that day, and little Em'ly springing
forward to her destruction (as it appeared to me), with a look that I have
never forgotten, directed far out to sea.
The light, bold, fluttering little figure turned and came back safe to me,
and I soon laughed at my fears, and at the cry I had uttered ; fruitlessly
in any case, for there was no one near. But there have been times since,
in my manhood, many times there have been, when I have thought, I s it
possible, among the possibilities of hidden things, that in the sudden
rashness of the child and her wild look so far off, there was any merciful
attraction of her into danger, any tempting her towards him permitted
on the part of her dead father, that her life might have a chance of
ending that day. There has been a time since when I have wondered
whether, if the life before her could have been revealed to me at a glance,
and so revealed as that a child could fully comprehend it, and if her pre-
servation could have depended on a motion of my hand, I ought to have
held it up to save her. There has been a time since-I do not say
it lasted long, but it has been-when I have asked myself the question,
would it have been better for little Em'ly to have had the waters close
above her head that morning in my sight; and when I have answered
Yes, it would have been.
This may be premature. I have set it down too soon, perhaps. But
let it stand.
We strolled a long way, and loaded ourselves with things that we
thought curious, and put some stranded star-fish carefully back into
the water-I hardly know enough of the race at this moment to be
quite certain whether they had reason to feel obliged to us for doing
so, or the reverse-and then made our way home to Mr. Peggotty's
dwelling. We stopped under the lee of the lobster-outhouse to
exchange
. . an innocent kiss, and went in to breakfast glowing with health
and pleasure.
Like two young mavishes," Mr. Peggotty said. I knew this meant,
in our local dialect, like two young thrushes, and received it as a com-
pliment.
64
28 THE PERSONAL HISTORY AND EXPERIENCE
Of course I was in love with little Em'ly. I am sure Iloved that baby
quite as truly, quite as tenderly, with greater purity, and more disinterest-
edness, than can enter into the best love of a later time of life, high and
ennobling as it is. I am sure my fancy raised up something round that
blue-eyed mite of a child, which etherealised, and made a very angel of
her. If, any sunny forenoon, she had spread a little pair of wings and
flown away before my eyes, I don't think I should have regarded it as
much more than I had had reason to expect.
We used to walk about that dim old flat at Yarmouth in a loving
manner, hours and hours. The days sported by us, as if Time had not
grown up himself yet, but were a child too, and always at play. I told
Em'ly I adored her, and that unless she confessed she adored me I should
be reduced to the necessity of killing myself with a sword. She said she
did, and I have no doubt she did.
As to any sense of inequality, or youthfulness, or other difficulty in our
way, little Em'ly and I had no such trouble, because we had no future.
We made no more provision for growing older, than we did for growing
younger. We were the admiration of Mrs. Gummidge and Peggotty, who
used to whisper of an evening when we sat, lovingly, on our little locker
side by side, " Lor ! wasn 't it beautiful ! " Mr. Peggotty smiled at us
from behind his pipe, and Ham grinned all the evening and did nothing
else. They had something of the sort of pleasure in us, I suppose,
that they might have had in a pretty toy, or a pocket model of the
Colosseum.
I soon found out that Mrs. Gummidge did not always make herself
so agreeable as she might have been expected to do, under the cir-
cumstances of her residence with Mr. Peggotty. Mrs. Gummidge's was
rather a fretful disposition, and she whimpered more sometimes than
was comfortable for other parties in so small an establishment. I was
very sorry for her ; but there were moments when it would have been
more agreeable, I thought, if Mrs. Gummidge had had a convenient
apartment of her own to retire to, and had stopped there until her spirits
revived.
Mr. Peggotty went occasionally to a public house called The Willing
Mind. I discovered this, by his being out on the second or third evening
of our visit, and by Mrs. Gummidge's looking up at the dutch clock,
between eight and nine, and saying he was there, and that, what was
more, she had known in the morning he would go there.
Mrs. Gummidge had been in a low state all day, and had burst into
tears in the forenoon, when the fire smoked. "I am a lone lorn creetur',"
were Mrs. Gummidge's words, when that unpleasant occurrence took
place, "and everythink goes contrairy with me."
" Oh, it 1' 1 soon leave off," said Peggotty-I again mean our Peggotty
-" and besides, you know, it's not more disagreeable to you than to us."
" I feel it more," said Mrs. Gnmmidge.
I t was a very cold day, with cutting blasts of wind. Mrs. Gummidge's
peculiar corner of the fireside seemed to me to be the warmest and
snuggest in the place, as her chair was certainly the easiest, but it didn't
suit her that day at all. She was constantly complaining of the cold, and
65
OP DAVID COPPERFIELD. 29
of its occasioning a visitation in her back which she called "the creeps."
A t last she shed tears on that subject, and said again that she was " a lone
lorn creetur' and everythink went contrairy with her."
" It is certainly very cold," said Peggotty. "Everybody must feel it so."
rc I feel it more than other people," said Mrs. Gummidge.
So at dinner; when Mrs. Gummidge was always helped immediately
after me, to whom the preference was given as a visitor of distinction.
The fish were small and bony, and the potatoes were a little burnt. We
all acknowledged that we felt this something of a disappointment; but
Mrs. Gummidge said she felt it more than we did, and shed tears again,
and made that former declaration with great bitterness.
Accordingly, when Mr. Peggotty came home about nine o'clock, this
unfortunate Mrs. Gummidge was knitting in her corner in a very wretched
and miserable condition. Peggotty had been working cheerfully. Ham
had been patching up a great pair of water-boots; and I, with little
Em'ly by my side, had been reading to them. Mrs. Gummidge had never
made any other remark than a forlorn sigh, and had never raised her eyes
since tea.
" Well, Mates," said Mr. Peggotty, taking his seat, " and how are you ?"
We all said something, or looked something, to welcome him, except
Mrs. Gummidge, who only shook her head over her knitting.
"What's amiss," said Mr. Peggotty, with a clap of his hands.
" Cheer up, old Mawther ! " (Mr. Peggotty meant old girl.)
Mrs. Gummidge did not appear to be able to cheer up. She took out
an old black silk handkerchief and wiped her eyes ; but instead of putting
i t in her pocket, kept it out, and wiped them again, and still kept it out,
ready for-use.
" What's amiss, dame !" said Mr. Peggotty.
" Nothing," returned Mrs. Gummidge. "You've come from The
Wrilling Mind, Dan'l P"
" Why yes, I've took a short spell at The Willing Mind to-night," said
Mr. Peggotty.
" I'm sorry I should drive you there," said Mrs. Gummidge.
" Drive! I don't want no driving," returned Mr. Peggotty with an
honest laugh. " I only go too ready."
" Very ready," said nlrs.  " Yes, yes, very ready. I am sorry it should be along of me that
you 're so ready ."
" Along o' you? I t an't along o' you ! " said Mr. Peggotty. "Don't
ye believe a bit on it."
" Yes, yes, it is," cried Mrs. Gummidge. " I know what I am. I
know that I ' m a lone lorn creetur, and not only that everythink
goes contrairy with me, but that I go contrairy with everybody. Yes,
yes. I feel more than other people do, and I show it more. It's my
misfortun'."
I really couldn't help thinking, as I sat taking in all this, that the
misfortune extended to some other members of that family besides
Mrs. Gummidge. But Mr. Peggotty made no such retort, only answering
with another entreaty to Mrs. Gummidge to cheer up.
66
30 THE PERSONAL HISTORY AND EXPERIENCE
" I an't what I could wish myself to be," said Mrs. Gummidge. " I
am far from it. I know what I am. My troubles has made me contrairy.
I feel my troubles, and they make me contrairy. I wish I did'nt feel 'em,
but I do. I wish I could be hardened to 'em, but I an't. I make the
house uncomfortable. I don't wonder at it. I've made your sister so
all day, and Master Davy."
Here I was suddenly melted, and roared out "No, you have'nt, Mrs
Gummidge," in great mental distress.
" It's far from right that I should do it," said Mrs. Gummidge. " I t
an't a fit return.  I am a lone
lorn creetur, and had much better not make myself contrairy here. If
thinks must go contrairy with me, and I must go contrairy myself, let me
go contrairy in my parish.
Mrs. Gummidge retired with these words, and betook herself to bed.
When she was gone, Mr. Peggotty, who had not exhibited a trace of any
feeling but the profoundest sympathy, looked round upon us, and nodding
his head with a lively expression of that sentiment still animating his face,
said in a whisper :
" She's been thinking of the old'un !"
I did not quite understand what old one Mrs. Gummidge was
supposed to have fixed her mind upon, until Peggotty, on seeing me
to bed, explained that it was the late Mr. Gummidge; and that
her brother always took that for a received truth on such occasions,
and that it always had a moving effect upon him. Some time after he
was in his hammock that night, I heard him myself repeat to Ham,
"Poor thing! She's been thinking of the old 'un!" And whenever
Mrs. Gummidge was overcome in a similar manner during the remainder
of our stay (which happened some few times), he always said the same
thing in extenuation of the circumstance, and always with the tenderest
commiseration.
So the fortnight slipped away, varied by nothing but the variation of
the tide, which altered Mr. Peggotty's times of going out and coming in,
and altered Ham's engagements also. When the latter was unemployed,
he sometimes walked with us to show us the boats and ships, and once or
twice he took us for a row. I don't know why one slight set of impres-
sions should be more particularly associated with a place than another,
though I believe this obtains with most people, in reference especially to
the associations of their childhood. I never hear the name, or read the
name, of Yarmouth, but I am reminded of a certain Sunday morning on
the beach, the bells ringing for church, little Em'ly leaning on my shoulder,
Ham lazily dropping stones into the water, and the sun, away at sea,
just breaking through the heavy mist, and showing us the ships, like
their own shadows.
At last the day came for going home. I bore up against the separation
from Mr. Peggotty and Mrs. Gummidge, but my agony of mind at leaving
little Em'ly was piercing. We went arm-in-arm to the public-house
where the carrier put up, and I promised, on the road, to write to her.
(I redeemed that promise afterwards, in characters larger than those in
67
OF DAVID COPPERFIELD. 31
which apartments are usually announced in manuscript, as being to let).
We were greatly overcome at parting ; and if ever, in my life, I have had a
void made in my heart, I had one made that day.
 But I was no
sooner turned towards it, than my reproachful young conscience seemed
to point that way with a steady finger; and I felt, all the more for the
sinking of my spirits, that it was my nest, and that my mother was my
comforter and friend.
This gained upon me as we went along ; so that the nearer we drew,
and the more familiar the objects became that we passed, the more
excited I was to get there, and to run into her arms. But Peggotty,
instead of sharing in these transports, tried to check them (though very
kindly), and looked confused and out of sorts.
Blunderstone Rookery would come, however, in spite of her, when the
carrier's horse pleased-and did. How well I recollect it, on a cold grey
afternoon, with a dull sky, threatening rain !
The door opened, and I looked, half laughing and half crying in my
pleasant agitation, for my mother. I t was not she, but a strange
servant.
" Why, Peggotty !" I said, ruefully, "isn't she come home !"
" Yes, yes, Master Davy," said Peggotty. " She's come home. Wait
a bit, Master Davy, and 1'11-1 1 ' 1 tell you something."
Between her agitation, and her natural awkwardness in getting out of
the cart, Peggotty was making a most extraordinary festoon of herself, but I
felt too blank and strange to tell her so. When she had got down, she
took me by the hand ; led me, wondering, into the kitchen; and shut the
door.
" Peggotty ! " said I, quite frightened. "What 's the matter? "
"Nothing's the matter, bless you, Master D a ~ ydear! " she answered,
assuming an air of sprightliness.
" Something 's the matter, I 'm sure. Where's mama? "
" Where 's mama, Master Davy ? " repeated Peggotty.
" Yes. Why hasn 't she come out to the gate, and what have we come
in here for? Oh, Peggotty ! " My eyes were full, and I felt as if I were
going to tumble down.
"Bless the precious boy ! " cried Peggotty, taking hold of me. " What
is it ? Speak, my pet ! "
" Not dead, too ! Oh, she's not dead, Peggotty ? "
Peggotty cried out No ! with an astonishing volume of voice; and then
sat down, and began to pant, and said I had given her a turn.
I gave her a hug to take away the turn, or to give her another turn in
the right direction, and then stood before her, looking at her in anxious
inquiry.
"You see, dear, I should have told you before now," said Peggotty,
"but I hadn't an opportunity. I ought to have made it, perhaps, but I
couldn't azackly "-that was always the substitute for exactly, in Peggotty's
militia of words-" bring my mind to it."
" Go on, Peggotty," said I, more frightened than before.
68
32 THE PERSONAL HISTORY AND EXPERIENCE
"Master Davy," said Peggotty, untying her bonnet with a shaking
hand, and speaking in a breathless sort of way. " What do you think?
You have got a P a ! "
I trembled, and turned white. Something-I don't know what, or
how-connected with the grave in the churchyard, and the raising of the
dead, seemed to strike me like an unwholesome wind.
" A new one," said Peggotty.
" A new one ?" I repeated.
Peggotty gave a gasp, as if she were swallowing something that was
very hard, and, putting out her hand, said :
" Come and see him."
" I don't want to see him."
- "And your mamma," said Peggotty.
I ceased to draw back, and we went straight to the best parlor, where
she left me. On one side of the fire, sat my mother; on the other,
Mr. Murdstone. My mother dropped her work, and arose hurriedly, but
timidly I thought.
" Now, Clara my dear," said Mr. Murdstone. " Recollect ! controul
yourself, always controul yourself! Davy boy, how do you do ? "
I gave him my hand. After a moment of suspense, I went and kissed
my mother : she kissed me, patted me gently on the shoulder, and sat down
again to her work. I could not look at her, I could not look at him, I
knew quite well that he was looking at us both; and I turned to the
window and looked out there, at some shrubs that were drooping their
heads in the cold.
As soon as I could creep away, I crept up-stairs. My old dear bedroom
was changed, and I was to lie a long way off. I rambled down-stairs to
find anything that was like itself, so altered it all seemed; and roamed
into the yard. I very soon started back from there, for the empty dog-
kennel was filled up with a great dog-deep mouthed and black-haired
like Him-and he was very angry at the sight of me, and sprung out to
get at me.
69
T H E T H E O R Y OF M U S I C A L C O M P O S I T I O N
COMPLETELY DEVELOPED,
- - -A-
Now ready, small 4t0, price 16s., Cloth Gilt, and Key 5s., uniform,
A PRACTICAL TREATISE ON MUSICAL COMPOSITION.
-- ----* - ---- -- -
LONDON-LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, & LONGMANS.
--- --
- --- --4-
EXTRACTS F R O M O P I N I O N S O F T H E PRESS.
From Douglas Jerrold's Weekly New.?paper,16th Dec., 1848. knowledge of the subject i t professes t o teach. I t abounds
in exercises which are worked out in a key, thus rendering
WE find from the preface of this work that it has been self-instruction easy, and greatly facilitating the labour of
written by two individuals; the one a German professor of the mastrr. I t commences with scales and intervals
music the other a literary and, of course a musical gentle- develops the nature of chords, and gives copious precepts f d
man df this country: thudthe book has ali the advantages of their employment. Bhythmical and tonal structure arc fully
German erudition upon the subject, without the objections considered. I n fact, the instruction is carried upwards from
which more or less are the consequences of a translation. a simple exposition of the first principles of music to the
T h e treatment of the subject commences with scales and construction of compositions requiring the most extensive
intervals; enters into a full consideration of the derivations, vocal and instrumental combinations No partial selections
the nature and employment of chords i n harmonic com- from a work of this description would afford a just idea of its
binations; gives excellent precepts upon rhythmical and merits as a whole W e can, however, assert that, though
tonal structure; in short, carries the subject on t o the con- strictly scientific and grammatical, it is well calculated, by its
struction of elaborate compositions, either instrumental, or simplicity and clearness, to lead the student to a full mastery
vocal. T o give an entire analysis of the manner in which of the science of music. The volume ends with a double
this has been done, would far exceed our limits, and any- / chorus, the words for which are from the pen of the author
thing less would convey no adequate idea of the book. of i'Rowland Bradshaw," a work of fiction which we had
Suffce it, that the whole has been treated with great care sometime ago, occasion to commend for the excellence of it;
It is copious, highly scientific, that is, perfectly simple, object, and the vigour of its style.
grammatical, and, we have n o hesitation i n saying, i t is one
of the most learned books ever written upon the art. I t is
heautifullv eot un. and. considerinn the imnortance of the
--
subject, dff&ed a t a pride which shcws that tke authors were From the Weelcly Dispatch, 24th Dec, 1848.
sincere when they talked of music becoming a n "essential
part of national education." I t concludes with a double The author of this admirable elementary workis a German
chorus, the words being furnished by the author of " Row- gentleman, who has had a long experience in the profession of
land Bradshaw," who has evidently a talent for writing to music, and he has produced the best practical treatise on t h e
music. The following may give some idea of the clearness theory of the art which has ever come under our notice. The
of t h e style, although the whole work must of course be voluminous works previously issued from the schools of Italy,
scientifically studied t o be duly appreciated. France, and Germany, are certainly too dSuse and specula-
- tive for the general student ;and Rohner has succeeded
in his plan of conciseness, without omitting a single essential
point.
From the LUerary Gazette, lGth Dec., 1848.
A concise, yet not too concise, and Pull practical expqsition
of the theory of music, has long, we believe, been cons~dered From the Court Journal, 30th Dec., 1848.
a desideratum by t h e musical world; and the diligence and
science of the author appear, a t last, t o have supplied the This work is chiefly intended for amateurs, who wish to
deficiency in a very satisfactory manner. T O assist the acquire a knowledge of composition ; and i t may be considered
teacher, and facilitate the studies of those whose genius has as one of the best treatises of the kind that have appeared i n
t o be self-taught, are the objects he has endeavoured to ac- our language. The author (a German) very modestly acknow-
complish, and, as far as this volume goes, we should say with ledges his obligation to an English friend who has corrected
skill and success. The instructions and examples are very his work in the niceties of ourvernacular;ongue. but he may
clear ; and we would therefore cordially recommend the fairly take to himself the credit of having expoun6ed his intri-
work t o the music fezu'lle of all our melodious friends. cate and difficult subject with a degree of clearness and con-
- cision that is not always found i n didactic treatises. The
volume contains all that is necessary to facilitate the general
From the Sunday Times, 17th Dee., 1848. student's acquisition of a knowledge of musical composition.
Altogether this treatise fills up a gap that existed in musical
Mr. RShner says, i n his preface, that, being a German, literature, and steers most happily between the dry brevity of
without the necessary knowledge of our language, he bas had a mere " hand-hook," and the learned diffuseness of the pon-
t o take t h e assistance of a gentleman of literary as well as derous tomes indited by German, French, and Italian con-
musical attainments, by which means all that is known of trapuntists.
the art of music is conveyed to the English student divested
of that crudity and obscurity which too frequently belongs to Key to the Exercises containedin Rii7mev's Practical Treatise
a translation The authors, in stating their reasons for pro- on Mwsical Composition.
ducing this work, affirm t h e necessity of sound training i n the
theory as well as the practice of music and they predict that This short pamphlet is a necessary complement to the
the day i s not far distant when the 'acquirement of music "Practical Treatise." We here find a repetition of the
shall be an exercise of the mind, not a mere operation of the examples given (in their incipient state) in the "Treatise,"
fingers; when i t shall rank as a n essential part of a national with all the parts filled in, so as to enal>le the student who
and liberal education, instead of being held at the cheap has no master to guide him to see whether he has whtten
value of a superficial accomplishment. The book has his exercise correctly; or to serve the master as a book of re-
evidently been written with great care. and a thorough , ference, t o ascertain when and where the student is a t fault.
70
A PRACTICAL TREATISE ON fUSICAL COMPOSITION.
than ever, that the reviewer, upon taking up a new book
such profession, opens it with a feeling bordering
npon prejudice against it, so certain does he feel of once
again meeting with disappointment. I t is, therefore, with a
this conscientious writer.
- I/ heightened degree of pleasure we place before our readers a
recommendation of G. W. Rohner's work, for it fulflls its
promise. It is a small quarto volume, containing 156 pages
Prom the IZlustrated London News, 30th Dec., 1848. of letterpress and music, excellently printed, and has been
We have received frequent applications from amateurs and corrected with peculiar care, a circumstance of the highest
students, to mention the best standard works on composition, importance in theoretical works. I t was our first intention
and we have recommended the theoretical writings of Al- to have gone into an elaborate analytical review of this
brechtsberger, Schueider, G. Weber, AbhO Vogler, Choron, treatise, hut were soon after stopped by finding how much
Reicha, Cheruhini, Rameau, &c.. to our applicants; but, for could he said upon every part, that to do justice to all would
a lucid compilation of the principles of the great theorists, we far outrun the space a newspaper can afford for any single
have searched in vain. The appearance of the volume now wvork We must, in consequence, content ourselves by giving
before us will he of the greatest service to the teacher, and of it our hearty recommendation not only to the student in
inestimable value to the student. The work has the signature music, but to the professor. The first will obtain by its aid a
of a German; hut, in his preface he acknowledges the assist- vast store of practical information; the latter find things
ance 'L of a n English gentleman: who was not only a sound there set down i n a new light that will a t least revive aIl he
musician, hut of literary attainments." Mr. Rohner regrets has before studied, if not create in his mind entirely fresh
that he is not permitted to publish his coadjutor's name ; and views in the application of the science of music.
this regret will be shared by those readers of the work who -
will participate in tho value of its principles, as much for
acquiring as for inspiring knowledge. Mr. Rohner commences From the Manchester Courier, 13th January, 1849.
with scales and intervals; and then treats of melody, and its This new theory seems to have taken tlie musical world by
accentuation according to time and measure. The third surprise-the London press teeming with its praise; some
chapter, on harmony and chordn, is extremely well treated going so far as to assert that it must become the national
The hints on the construction of elaborate instrumental com- manual of music to the teacher, and more especially to him
positions are admirablc; and the supplementary chapters on who has to toil in the path of self-instruction. Mr Rtjhner
harmony, in two, three, and more than four parts, and on the is a German, hut has had the assistance of an English literary
composition of vocal music, are clear and full in explanation, and musical gentleman, thus giving all the German erudition
and the examples well chosen and appropriate. Much time and upon the subject, without the crudity and obscurity which
trouble inay be spared to the pupil who carefully studies this more or less belong to a translation. We are happy in being
new treatise, which will he an easy introduction to the more able to add our commendation to that of our contemporaries
voluminous works of tlie great theorists. The work has been of the London press; feeling convinced than any work which
got up with great care, and is printed in large bold type. will exite a study for the theory of music, instead of the nn-
- meaning practice which we find too often aimed a t alone, has
conferred an intellectual boon npon the country-has given
From the Critic, 1st Jan. 1849.
A thoronehlv oractical treatise on musical comnosition. or
rathe~we~&o;lk s a g on the theory of music, foiits compo-
1 the means for a n elevating, a rational, and most desirable
exercise of the mind.
-
sition is not to be tnlciht ;it must come from within. If Mr. From the Morniag Chronicle, 16th J a n , 1849.
Rihner had termed i t musical ezpression he would have been
more strictly correct. for his purpose is to teach the manner Whatever doubt may exist of an absolute necessity for this
of putting a musical h e a into the form of music. I t is pro- production, on account ofthe paucity or inefficiency of those
fusely illustrated, and will, no doubt, he studied with great which already exist, we nevertheless hope that Mr Rohner's
advantage by composers, whether professional or amateur. work will do service to the progress of real n~usicalscience
- as well as musical taste, in this country. bv stimulatine
11 demand for musical education more sbund and solid-in
From the Morning Herdd, Jan. 8, 1849. system, ab Cliitio, than that which is now but too often
bestowed-a system which, while it may impart a certain
Mr. Ri5hner publishes this treatise because he believes that amount of dexterity in execution within a limited ranee. thus
a practical book upon the theory of music "remained a
desideratum;" that is. there has either heen, On the one
furnibhing the material for superficial display befo& par- a
tial and probably unskiiled audience, yet often leaves the
hand, too much compression, or, on the other, too much pupil, after a five or seven years' course of nominal instrnc-
diffuseness. "Reflect~onon this," he adds, "grew a t length tion, with exactly the same amount of knowledge in the true
into a desire to attempt to supply a work that should a t Once principles of music as at the beginnin&
assist the teacher and render easier the task of those who
have to toil in the path of self-instruction." Without coin- -
ciding in the impression that animates Mr. Rbhner as to the From the Mor9aing Post, 25th Jan., 1849.
general iinavailable character of the thousand elementary BIr, n8hner,s purpose, in publishing this work, has been to
treatises which have issued from the press, we may give him
the credit of having produced a very serviceable volume for supply the musical student with a compendium of theoretical
those who are about to study the theoretical of instructions, in which, whilst avoiding the diuseness and
the art, and there can be no doubt that it is one of the best speculativeness of the larger treatises, no branch of the suh-
in existence as regards pian, development, and illustration, ject should be left unnoticed, or insufficiently explained. 1n
The letter-press ,,,hich accompanies the chapters is the this we think he has succeeded. His book unites the quali-
tribution of an who, possessed of the requi- ties of perspicuity and conciseness, and is evidently the work
site knowledge, aided the author in completing the wish that of One Competent to teach, and t h o r o u g ~ conversant with
the labours of those who have preceded him. Evolving no
the work should be brought out in this country. ~h~ text
thus supplied is clear and pertinent, and though copious in
its details, exhibits no ostentatiousverbosity, while the tech-
/ fanciful theorieq hut plainly and sensibly setting forth the
pflnclples of musical composition as received by the majol?ty
nical spirit which necessarily pervades the elucidations is of professors, this treatise wilt no doubt be very gellerally
ably defined to meet the inquiries of the uninitiated. ~h~ studied and approved The exercises recommended by ~ r .
rules are well enforced a key to which is printed for the adaptation of hamonies to a given melody
are excellent; the remarks on rhythm and the tonal s t r u o
in a separate volume.
- ture of a musical composition very felicitous. The con-
struction of elaborate compositions, preceded by a chapter of
figurate writing, is the last matter treated of; observations o n
From the Lady,s paper, IBth January, 1849. the composition of vocal music being added in the form of a
So many practical treatises on musical composition con- supplementary chapter. We may add, that a key to the
tinue to appear, all professing to accomplish the same end, exercises is published with the work, and, in conclusion, are
namely, to make that which has hitherto been deemed diE- happy to recommend it to the attention of all those who are
cult or obscure, easy and clear, hut generally leaving the desirous of acquiring a practical knowledge of the principles
reader in the end more perplexed and in deepex obscurity of musical composition
LONDON : LONGMAN, B R O W N , GREEN, & LONGMANS.
71
Now Publishing, in Monthly Numbers, P r i c e ONESHILLING
each,
THE
JOURNAL OF DESIGN, ADDRESSED TO
MERCHANTS, MANUFACTURERS, RETAIL DEALERS, DESIGNERS,
A N D ART-WORKMEN.
--
THEJOURNAL OF DESIGNwill have, as it ought to have, politics of its own. I n this
matter of Ornamental Design we hope to prove ourselves thoroughly conservative of the
best interests of manufacturers, designers, and all parties concerned. W e are the
cates for better laws and a better tribunal to protect copyright in designs, and for a
largely increased extension of copyright. We think the restless demands of the public
for constant novelty are alike mischievous to the progress of good ornamental art as
they are to all comnlercial interests. W e think that the Schools of Design should be
reformed and made husiness-like realities. W e shall wage war against all pirates; and
we hope to see the day when it will be thought as disgraceful for one manufacturer to
pillage another's patterns as it is held to be if he should walk into the counting-house
and rob his till. These are some of the points of our political creed, with which we start
on our undertaking. I n conclusion, we profess that our aim is to foster ornamental art in
all its ways, and to do those things for its advance, in all its branches, which it would be
the appropriate business of a Board of Design to do, if such a useful department of
Government actually existed.
The following Testimonials, a m o n g others, to the p r a c t i c a l value of t l ~ eWork,
h a v e been a l r e a d y received :-
"It is matter of surprise t o us, as i t has no doubt of the subject. We anticipate that, whilst i t may thus
been to others, t h a t no periodical of the kind should hecorne a good circulating medium for new ornamental
have been established i n this country; for althongh designs, i t may be also ancillary to the diffusion of just
decorative a r t h a s received incidental notice in various taste."-Advocate, or Irish Industrial Jourr~al.
journals, i t has not received that complete and syste-
matic consideration which its national value m a com- ''This is t h e first number of a monthly magazine
meroial point of view demands. T H E JOURNAL OF which bids fa.5 to become of vast utility to towns like
DESIGN,therefore, if i t isconducted upon t h e principles Nottingham, where t h e staple trades depend so much
described by its conductors in their opening address, upon elegance and newness of design. T h e illustrations
can hardly fail to he very extensively acceptable, as i n t h e part before us are very numerous and extremely
supplyingoneoftheohviouswantsof t h e day. T h e pre- .
good. . . . These illustrations a r e accompanied by
thirty-two pages of letterpress-and all forashi1ling."-
sent part, making t h e allowances claimed for it as a
first appearance, gives promise of substantialutility, the Nottinghaml~ireGuas.dian.
fulfilment of which we shall have pleasure i n recording
from time to time, as the sueoessive come "Manufacturers who wish any new fabric noticed
underournotice. ... T H EJOURNAL OF DESIGNis pnh-
lished at a pricewhich will place i t within the reach of
have Only to send as much to the Office as be
swatch ill each copy of t h e journal. T h e literary as
all who are interested in its contents,n-~idlard well as the artistical part is well got up, and t h e jour-
Counties Herald. nal deserves t h e patronage of t h e admirers of t h e fine
and useful arts.--Glasmw Examiner.
" W e last month had t h e pleasure of welcoming t h e
first appearance of this periodical, and of noticing t h e " Tlte letterpress i.i ~.i.,~fusel,villtistrate<l rvitli wood-
promise of utility which it held out. An examination cot.;. T h e work appenvj I ~ k t l , to i I>euf -rrvit.e it, yru-
of t h e contents of t h e present number confirms t h e ~ncrtir~:the gruath of r 3 , r c . " - - t i L ~ , , ~ ~ ~Lt i~. , t ~ d i l u l i ~ ) t u l .
favourable opinion we then expressed, and we would " I t is with feelings of genuine pleasure t h a t we wel-
again commend t h e publication to t h e notice of all who come t h e appearance of another journal devoted to t h e
a r e interested in t h e cultivation and spread of decora- important subject of decorative art. In T H EJOURNAL
tive art. . . . . W e shall certainly be much mistaken if OF DESIGNwe observe one characteristic feature not
THEJOURNAL OF DESIGN(supposing i t to be continued contained in any other work occupying a similar field
as i t has commenced) does not give a lively impulse to of operation. Besides woodcuts of ornamental designs,
every description of manufacture on which decorative such as have been long made familiar to our readers i n
a r t can be brought to bear."--MidZanrl Counties Herald, t h e pages of the Art-Journal, the work before us is a n
SEcoNn NOTICE. actual pattern-book. We have t h e very textures and
" T h e manner and tone of THEJOUBNAL OF DESIGN fahrics themselves before us."-Shfleld Times.
a r e good, t h e editor's resources appear to he consider-
able, and some novel features in t h e undertaking can- " T h e sample number of a new periodical, devoted to
not fail to arrest attention strongly. T h e introdoction a review of ornamental design and art-manufactures.
of actual patterns of manufactured fabrics strikes one I t promises to be a well-conducted work, and t h e pat-
a t first as a somewhat daring innovation, a too obvious terns and numerous illustrat~onswhich accompany l t
introduction of literature to trade; hut i t is found, on will render i t of utility to manufacturers, artists, and
examination, t o be in n o respect out of place, but in- designers."-Bristol Mercury.
deed suitable and useful in every way."-Examiner. " T h i s is a monthly magazine upon a novel and what
" T h e objects of T H EJOURNAL OF DESIGN,a nlonthly appears to be a n excellent plan. T o conduct such a
periodical, a r e directly practical. T o t h e so?-disant work effectively, a n abundance of illustration is neces-
connoisseur ~ t tone
s and aim rnav savour too much of sary, and this magazine 1s distinguished by its cantain-
t h e trade-its insertion, wheneve; practical, of absolute ing actual patterns; thus showing t h e fabric as well as
patterns of textile fabrics or printed paper-hangings, t h e design, and giving practical men a far better idea
may startle Fine A d nerves with its a i r of a mercer's t h a n any engraving could possibly do. T h e contents of
pattern-hook; hut t h e tone of writing 1s healthy and t h e magazine are of a varied character. . . . . This
independent, and its criticism on t h e patterns reviewed I' new publication, indeed, appears to he calculated for
a r e characterisad by judgment and artistic knowledge great utility."-hiewcasfle Courant.

Contents of No. I. for March 1849.
ADDRESS. Xebiela of lpatterns (continued).
Xebiela of Vatterns. GLASS. Flower Vase, Wine Glass, and Finger-Glass.
ON THE MULTITUDE OF NEWPATTERNS. MISCELLANEOUS. Book-Cover to Songs, &c.
WOVENFABSICS. Chintoes, printed for Hindley and d r i g i n a l qpapers.
Sons; and Halling, Pearce, and Stone. COPY~IOHT
I N DESIGNS.
Also for Clarkson.
Flannel, printed by Swaisland, for R. Andrews.
, MIXTURES
OF STYLES.
Swiss printed Cottons, for Faulding and Co. Books.
Calico for Bookbinding, printed for Bone and Son. Original Treatises dating from the 12th to the 18th
SILK. Coventry Ribbon, made for Harding, Smith, Centuries. on {he Arts of Painting, &c. Trans-
and Co. lated by ~ r s Merrifield.
.
Tapestry, made by Keiths, for J. Webb. A Booke of Draughtes. By Henry Shaw.
CARPETS, manufactured by Morton ; also by Pardoe, The Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary
Hoomans, and Co. and Greek Lexicon. By A. Rich.
RUG,manufictured by Watson, Bell, and Co. Byrne's Euclid. Printed in Colours.
METALS. Bracelet, manufactured for Hunt and Enstitutions.
Roskill, W. and D. Gass, &c.
Two Epergnes, designed and made by W. Potts. History of the Constitution of the "Government"
Chandelier, manufactured by Messengers, for the School of Design and its Proceedings.
garden-pavilion in ~uckinjjhamPalace. Lecture on Ornament delivered to the Students of the
Double Candlestick. manufactured by Messengers. London School of Design. By W. Dyce, R.A.
Urn, manufactured by Warner and sins. Meetings of Edinburgh and Leeds Schools of Design.
PAPER-HANGINGS. French Paoer-hanainas, .
" - . imported
Commons' Report on Scbool of Design ; Changes In
by W. B. Simpson. Masterships in Schools of Design ; Williams's
Paver on Desian at Colleae of Freemasons of the
Cheap English Paper, sold by W. R . Simpson.
WOOD. Potato Bowls, carved by Philip and Wyone, ChLrch. -
W. G. Rogers, and the Wood-carvlng Company. Third Exhibition of British Manufactures a t the
POTTERY. Statuette, "The Distressed Mother." Societv of Arts.
Statuette, "Dancing Girl."
Statuette, "Prince of Wales, in a sailor-boy's cos-
tume."
Statuette, " The Cornish Wife a t the Well of St.
1 Qlable tJa1i.
Denrefiatinn
.
&..-~.-~ in-.
-- the
- - Value of Woven Fabrics ; Blue
and White Jasper Ornaments; Printed Manu-
factures depressed; Her Majesty's Bridal Dress;
Keyne." Tapestry Carpets ; Beauclerc u. Copeland.
Vase, manufactured by Copelands. Mouldings in Glass ; Fine Arts Commission's Report.
Two Spill Cases manufactured by Wedgewoods.
OysterTuband dish,manufacturedbyWedgewoods. CormsponDence.
Jugs, manufactured by Copelands, by Ridgways, Infringement of Copyright in Jennens and Bettridge's
and by Mintons. Trays-Is there a n International Copyright in
.
Potted Hare-not.,manufactured bv " Covelands.
. Models?
W l T H TEN PATTERNS OF FABRICS AND PAPER-HANGINGS, AND THIRTY
ENGRAVINGS ON WOOD.
Contents of No. TI. for April 1849.
Xebieb, of qpatferns. / nebiela of lpatterns (continued).
METALS. Prince Albert's Design. Copelands' Salt Cellar ; Wedgewoods' Ewer ;
Hunt and Roskiil's Dish. Printed Breakfast Cup; Water-lily Jug.
Coalbrookdale Iron Castings, Eagle-Slayer, LC. Roses' Dinner Plates; Mintons' Match-box.
Stuart & Smith's Door-Porter; I'ierce's Pyro- @riginal ?papers.
Pneumatic Stove-Grate. On Ornament, especially referring to Woven Fabrics.
Smith,s Pistol and Gun ; Pott,s Flower - Stand;
Broadhead and Atkins' Tea and Coffee Service. ~ ~ ~ k ~ .
WOVENFABRICS. Walters' Silk Brocatelles. Layard's ; Chapman's
Aspect of the Month's Narket for Garment Fabrics.
Mousselines de Laine, by Inglis and Wakefield, znstitutions.
Partridge and Price, J . and A. Crocker. Exhibition a t Society of Arts.
Koechlin's Swiss Cambrics. Manohester Exposition.
Adam's Flax Damask; Odier's Brilliantes. ManChester Church Teachers' Institute.
Cox,s Ribbon; Stone and Kemp,s, and Schools of Design.
Spitalfields Silks. Dyce's Lecture on Ornament (continued).
Norwich and Honiton Lace. Mutual Instruction Class at School of Design.
Printed Carpet; Holmes, Wilton Velvet Wornunl's Lecture ; Potter's Wheel ; Female School.
Carpet.
Henderson's Patent Tapestry, and Templeton's g a b l e 8aKL.
Axminster Table-Covers. Committee on Laws affecting Arts; Twist Lace ;
Macalpin's Chintz. Success of Registration of Copyright; Andrew
PAPEE-FIANGINGS. Jackson and Graham's French Kinloch ; Mlntons' Mosaics a t Osborne ; Terra
Bed-room Paper; Simpson's Paper for Pictures; Cotta a t Osborne ; Jelly from Ivory-Dust ;
Potters' Cheap Paper. " Fallings through the Gridiron ;" Invention of
GLASS. Messengers' Flower - Glass; Richardsons' Glass; Co-operation of Manufacturers, &c.;
Decanter; Faraday's Alboni Lamp Shade. Lord Lyndhurst's Mechanical Knowledge.
Osler's and Pellatt's Candelabra.
Pellatt's Claret Jug and Glass. CTorresponbence.
POTTERY. Mintons' Greek Slave, and Maternal Sir F. Thesiger on Models from Prints; Short
Devotion. Copyright for Silks; Pirates; &c.
W l T H THIRTEEN PATTERNS O F FABRICS AND PAPER-HANGINGS, AND FORTY
ENGRAVINGS ON WOOD.
Comrnvnications, &c., to be addressed to the Editor of THEJOURNAL
OF DESIGN,
at the Publishers.
LONDON: CHAPMAN AND H A L L , 186 STRAND ;
SOLD BY
J. MENZIES, EDINBURGH; ; J. M'GLASHAN, DUBLIN;H. MANDEVILLE, PARIS;
T MURRAY, GLASOOW
SIMMS AND DINHAM, MANUHESTER
; BOHAIRE, LYOXS:LEBRUMENT, ROUEN
;
C. MUQUARDT, BRUSSELS;
AND ALL BOOKSELLEBS.
London :-Printed by G. Barclay, Castle St. Leicester Sq.
73
I ANALYSIS O F THE NAME O F M O S E S & SON.
! ITis not a little interesting to notice the many recommendatory nouns and adjectives which bear as their
initial characters the letters composing the name of MOSES& SON. For instance : the letter '&M*at
once reminds of (M)atchless (M)ake and (M)agnificent (M)aterial.-The letter " 0 " is displayed in
(0)ut-and-(0)ut (O)vercaats, (0)btainable (0)pposite the Church.-The letter " S " is the initial
character of the words (S)trength, S)martness, (S)tyle, and (S)uitability.-The letter L 6 E "will be
found in (E)ronomy, (E)uellence, [P)gnity, (E)xchange, and (S)o on.
The A " in the conjunction whispers of (A)dmirable (A)rticies (A)dapted to ( ~ ) 1 1 . - ~ ~ ~ in , " the
same word, will show itself in (=)one so (N)oted as this (N)otorious (=)sine in trade.-The letter "D lS
calls to mind (D)urable (D)ress, (D)elicate ( ~ ) e s i g n ,and (D)ispatch.
The word SON, it is true, furnishes us with the very same letters as we have just pointed out; but,
notwithstanding, there will be no difficulty in finding new footsteps to tread in.
A (S)lap-up (S)uit, for instance, at once gives us the letter "S " over again ;as do also the words
(S)howrooms, (S)hawls, (S)carfs, (S)ilks, (S)atins, (S)hifts, and (S)o forth.-The character "0,"
again, speaks of (O)utfits, (O)xonians, and (0)ther similar article~.-~'W," in eouclusion, appears in
(Nleatness, (N)icety, and (N)eglect in (W)othing, at the celebrated House of that Firm whose name
has been thus truthfully analysed.
LIST OF PRICES.
P e a d y made. I M a d e t o Measure.
P 8. a.
Men's Spring and Summer Wrappers, from 0 8 6 Paletots, made from a variety of materials,
The Bulwer, Pacha, Paletot, and every
descrlptlon of Light Overcoat . f
from O la
fitted for Summer wear . . from )
. . . . . ---
Do. in every style, elegantly trimmed from
Cloth Overcoats of a light Texture, and
handsomely trimmed
Ditto Ditto lined with Siik '
.
. . . -ffrom
Supeffine Cloth Ditto, of a light temtur;
Ditto Ditto lined with Silk
from 1 8 o Ditto Dress Coat . . . -. .
,
. .
. .. . .. ... . -- . . . . . .. . .. . .. .
Ditto Ditto superiorqnality 6 Best itt to - for
Jean and Holland Blouses , 9 SuperfineFrock i i t t o ' ' ' from
Fancy Victoria Ditto - 0 Best Ditto
*
for
. .. .. . . .. . .. . ... -- . . .
Tweed Ditto , 6 Fancy Doeskin Trousers from
. .. .. . .. ... --
Dresscoats - 0 Black Ditto Ditto , -
Frock Ditto 0 Best Ditto Ditto ,
Spring and Summer Trousers
. .- 0 BlackClothVests
. ... ... .. .. -
Doeskin and Buckskin Trousers 6 Best Ditto for
. . . . . .. --
.
Spring and Summer Vests, in every varlety- 6 Splendid Satin ~ i t i o ' , from
Black and Figured Satin Vests 6 Best Ditto Ditto for
. . . . .. --
-
Ditto superior quality
White Marcella Vests
Black Cloth . . . . . . .. --
Ditto
. ,
6 Hussar and Tunic Suits
6 Snper6ne Ditto
6 Men's White Marcella Vests
s
Boys' Hussar and Tunic Suits
,, Spring and Summer Vests .. -- . . . . . .
0 Fishing Coats, in endless variety, from
0 1Os.6d. to)
Men's Fishing Coats. in every variety
. . . . .
0 Elegant Dressing Robes, in great variety.
from 16s. to]
LIVERIES OF ALL KINDS AT TIfE SHORTEST NOTICE.
MOURNING T O ANY EXTENT AT FIVE MINUTES' NOTICE.
A Suit of Clothes complete for $1 10s.
The New Book, entitled " The Great Fact," with full Directions for Self-measurement, can be had on
application, or forwarded, post free, to any part of the kingdom.
No~xce.-The Shawl and Parasol Departments are now replete with every novelty of the Season.
OBSERVE.-Any Article purchased, either Ready-made or Made to Measure, if not approved of, will be
exchanged, or the money returned.

CAVTION.-E MOSES & SON regret having to guard the public against imposition, but having heard
that the untradesmanlike falsehood of being connected with them, or it is the same concern, has been
resorted to in many instances, and for obvious reasons, they beg to state they have no connexion withany
other House in or out of London, except their branch Establishments, 36, Fargate, Sheffield, and 19,
Thornton's Buildings, Bradford, Yorkshire ; and those who desire genuine and cheap Clothing, &c., should
call at or send to Minories and Aldgate, City, London ; or to the Branch Establishments as above.
TAKENOTICE.--This Establishment is closed from sunset Friday, till sunset Saturday, when business is
resumed till 12 o'clock.
74
BESIDES the above Patented Article of Dress (called THE NIUOLL), there is
another Novelty introduced for this Season, which is, however, Registered under the
name of NICOLL'S MORNING COAT, it being especially intended for morning
wear, in riding or walking exercise, when it necessarily avoids the stiff formality to
be observed in the cut and form of the dress-coat. The price is TWO GUlNEAS.
.--
The premises (extending from 114 to 120, Regent Street), as illuminated in honour of
Her Majesty's and the Prince's Birthdays.
T H E REGISTERED PALETOT is now ready for the Spring Months, with all
the new and patented improvements, included in the moderate price of Two
GUINEAS. Thus it deservedly bears the name of being not only the most fashionable,
but also the cheapest and most durable garment ever offered to the public; the
intrinsic value of the material known as NICOLLIAN, or LLAMA CLOTH, being,
within the last few months, much enhanced ; the same durability being retained,
with an increased fineness and beauty in appearance. I t can be seen, ready for
immediate wear, in every size, at the Patentees' Warerooms.
-- - ---
. --
BRADBURY Ah'D EVANS, PRINTERS, WHITEPRIARO.
75
No. 11. JUNE. PRICE1s.
LONDON : BRADBURY & EVANS, WI-IITEFRIARS.
AGENTS :-J. MENZIES, EDINBURGH ; T. MURRAY, GLASGOW ; J. M'GLASHAN, DUBLIN.
76
T HE peculiar feature of their Establishment is, that it is confined exclusively to
the Manufacture of Bedding, and consequently they are enabled to keep the
largest stock and greatest variety of any House in London, including their
FRENCH WOOL MATTRESSES,
Of which they were the Original Introducers : these Mattresses are made of the
finest materials, quite equal to the best made in Paris. Also,
GERMAN SPRING MATTRESSES.
These HEAL and SON have succeeded in greatly improving, and are selling at a
much lower price than any other house, and can recommend one of them, with a
FRENCH MATTRESS on the top, as a permanently elastic, soft, and most
luxurious Bed.
T H E EIDER D O W N QUILT,
also, is to be seen only at their House. It is the warmest, the lightest, and the
most elegant covering ever introduced, suitable to the Bed, the Couch, or the
Qarriage. All who have travelled on the Continent are aware that no covering
produces such extreme warmth with the same weight ; so that for Invalids they are
a perfect luxury. Their
BED FEATHERS
are also PURIFIED BY STEAM, WITH PATENT MACHINERY, by which
the offensive properties of the quill are evaporated and carried off, without subjecting
the Feathers to the unpleasant smell of the stove, to which all Feathers dressed in
the ordinary way are liable-
OLD FEATHER-BEDS re-dressed by this process are perfectly freed from all
impurities ; and, by expanding the Feathers, the bulk is greatly increased, and the
Bed consequently rendered much fuller and softer, at 3d. per lb.
OLD AND MOTHY MATTRESSES effectually cured and re-made.
Every description of BLANKETS, QUILTS, and SHEETINGS.
HEAL AND SON'S LIST OF BEDDING
CONTAINS PULL PARTICULARS O F
WEIGHTS, SIZES, AND PRICES,
Of every description of Bedding, and is so arranged that purchasers are enabled to
judge of the articles best suitable to make a comfortable Bed.
SENT FREE BY POST,on application to their Factory,
196, (OPPOSITE THE CHAPEL),
TOTTENHAM COURT ROAD, LONDON.
77
No. 11.-JUNE, 1849.
COPPERFIELD ADVERTISER.
VALUABLE STANDARD BOOKS,
AT V E R Y LOW PRICES.
Just Published,
NEW WORK ON EMIGRATION:
CANADA, THE UNITED STATES, TEXAS, OREGON, VANCOUVER'S ISLAND, CALIFORNIA,
PRINCE EDWARD'S ISLAND, NEW BRUNSWICK, CAPE BRETON, NOVA SCOTIA,
&C. &c.
THE SETTLER'S NEW HOME;
br, EBe %migrantfa Zocation.
BY SYDNEY SMITH.
CONTAINING:Whether fo go, and Whither; Cobnisation: The Out$t; Ship; Voyage: Land6n.q; Inland
Journey; Settlement; Climate; Health; Cost of Land and Living. Society: Management of Capital .
Wages. Occupation.. Lqe in the New Home; The St. Lawrence: The Lakes; The P a l l q of the Mississippi:
The ~ i a i r i e s ; The ~aekwoods: The South; The East; Prospectsin the Towns; Sports in the Flood and
Field : Work on the Farm, &c. &c.
PRICE ONE SHILLING.
PICTORIAL BIBLE. By Dr. JOHN KITTO. SIR WALTER SCOTT'S COMPLETE
4 vols.. enlarged Edition, very numerous Steel WORKS; the Author's own favourite Edition.
Plates, and Woodcuts, and Maps, beautifully
bound, calf, gilt edges, 31.10s.
PICTORIAL HISTORY O F ENGLAND ;
- 98 vols. lzrno. Plates by TURNER,&c. 10l.los.
The same. 10 vols. royal 8v0, half-bound
calf. 41. 10s.
complete. 8 vols., many hundred Woodcuts, and IRELAND ; its SCENERY, CHARACTER,
104 Steel Portraits, handsomely bound, calf extra, kc. By Mr. and Mrs. S. C. HALL. 3 vols. svo,
- 61. 10s.
The same, cloth binding, 52. I
548 Illustrations, handsomely bound in cloth, 35s.
(pub. a t 4l. 4s )
PICTORIAL SHAKESPEARE ; Knight's
Original Edition; including the Biography, &c. 1 HALL'S BOOK O F BALLADS.
MONTGOMERY~S SACRED GIFT.
2 vols.
impl. 8vo, 400 Illustrations, 28s. (pub. a t 31.3s.)
Fine
1
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71. Ips. 6d.)
"This edition is now out of print, and very scarce." Engravings on Steel, impl, 8.0, handsomely
PICTORIAL SHAKESPEARE ; Knight's (pub.at 21s.)
Standard Edition ; complete in 7 YOIS. royal 8vo, ALLOM'S CHARACTER AND COSTUME
in handsome binding, half morocco, full gilt. 32.6s. IN TURKEY. 20 Plates, 4t0, red cloth, los.(pub.
PICTORIAL HISTORY O F LONDON. at 11.lls. 6d.)
By C x n a ~ z sKNLOAT. 6 vols. in 3, cloth, 600 THE ILLUSTRATED,
Engravings, 35s. (pub. a t 3I.3s.1 in a series of 65 beautiful Engravings; with
'$The most interesting and amusing account of the Descriptions by the Rev. G. N. WRIGHT, M.A.
City of the World ever published." 2 vols. cloth, ornamented, 16s. (pub. a t 21.2s.)
PENNY C Y C L O P B D I A ; complete. 27vols., WRIGHT'S HISTORY & TOPOGRAPHY
strongly half-bound morocco, 8 .
- The same, in clotb, w i t h t h e
vols.. 7t. 15s. to 81.
29
Supplement.
OF THE COUNTY OF ESSEX j comprising its
Ancient and Modern History, a general view of
its Physical Character, Productions, Agricultural
S I R WALTER SCOTT'S WAVERLEY Condition, Statistics, &c. &c. 2 vols. 4t0, cloth
NOVELS; the ~ b b ~ t ~diti,,~;~ f ~ ~complete
d in giit,illustrated with 101beautifulEngraviugs, 30s.
12 vols.royal Svo, containing 2,120 Engravings, (pub a t 41.4s.)
half-bound, green morocco, ornamented, 81.16s. BYRON'S (LORD) WORKS, 8vo. Illus-
(pub. a t 61.16s.) ; in cloth, o r i n cloth binding, trated with a Series of 78 beautiful Portraits and
with handsome designs,for 61.16s. 6d. Views, engraved by FINDEN. Elegantly bound
S I R W A L T E R SCOTT'S WORKS ;including in white vellum and gold, 11.8s. 6d.
t h e WAVERLEY NOVELS, PORTICAL-WORKS, LIFE Murray, 1848
NAPOLEON,MISCELLANEOUS PROSEWORKS, POPE'S WORKS ; with his Translations of
TALES OF A GRANDFATHER, and LIFE OF SIR ' Homer. Edited by CARY. Royal Svo, half-
WALTERSCOTT,by LOCKHART. "THE ABBOTS- morocco, gilt, 10s. ; or calf gilt, 11s. 6d. (pub. a t
FORD EDITION." 17 vols. royal 8 ~ 0 ,2,200 16s. in cloth.)
Illustrations on Steel and Wood, by TURNER. COWPER'S WORKS ; with his Translations
LANDSEER, STANFIELD, and others, handsomely
half-bound morocco, 121. IPS., being less than half & ~ ~ ~ & ,~ ~ ~~ c~ E:~,i.:j1."8~vo'. i~ half-
t ,
- price.
The same, in handsome cloth binding, for AND
POETICAL WORKS : complete i n one vol. avo.
11
91.108. haif morocco, 10s. 6d. ; or calf gilt, 12s. 6d. (pub.
SIR WALTER SCOTFS NOVELS. 48 vols. at 18s. in cloth.)
Plates, large type, half-bound in morocco, gilt, M E R E W E T H E R AND STEPHENS' A I S -
-
-
71. 17s. 6d.
The same, in cloth binding,for 51.158.6d.
25 vols., complete; t h e Portable Edition i a
I TORY of the BOROUGHS and MUNICIPAL
CORPORATIONS of the UNITED KINGDOM,
in a volume, half.m~rocco,gllt, from the EarliestTime t o the Present Time; with
Charters, &c. &c. 3 vols. royal 8v0, half calf, 28s.
-&.,
41. or in clotb, 31.3s.
5 vols. Svo, cloth, 35s.
--
I (pub. a t 41. Its. 6d.) 1835
JOHN KENDRICK, No. 4, CHARLOTTE ROW, MANSION HOUSE, LONDON.
78
2 ADVERTISEMENTS.
-
M R . COLBURN'S NEW PUBLICATIONS.
__e_
N o w ready, complete in One Volume, with a New Preface, and Portrait, 6s. bound, the
POPULAR EDITION OF MR. DISRAELI'S CONINGSBY.
Also, now ready, i% Two Volumes,
THE N E W WORK BY CAPTAIN MARRYAT.
VALERIE : AN AUTOBIOGRAPHY.
The Lottery of Marriage. Adventures of a Greek Lady,
BY MRS. TROLLOPE. (THECOUNTESS DE STEPHANO,)
3 vols. The Adopted Daughter of the late Queen Caroline,
English Homes and Foreign WRITTEN BY HERSELF.
Wanderings, Comprising Curious Anecdotes and Particulars of
BY LADY LISTER KAYE. Queen Caroline and her S u ~ t e ,not hitherto known.
2 vols. -- 2 vols.
HENRY COLBURN, PUBLISHER, 13, GREAT MARLBOROUGH STREET.

-. - --
EPISODES O F INSECT LIFE, Crown 8vo. 36 Engravings. Fancy cloth,
16s.; coloured and bound in silk, 21s.
"The letter-press is illustrated with vignettes clearly and cleverly drawn o n stone, and the whole pile of
natural history-fable. poetry, theory, and fact-is stuck over with quaint apopthegms and shrewd maxims
deduced for the benefit of man from the contemplation of such tiny monitors as gnats and moths.-Altogether
the book is a curious and interesting one-quaint and clever, genial and well informed."-Morning Chronicle.
"Professor Nichol has done much to make astronomy a lightsome science; Mr. Miller has thrown the
influence of eloquent and powerful writing around the fossils of the old red sandstone. Neither, however, has
produced a work equal in the particular above mentioned to the 'Episodes of Insect Life.'"-Tait's Magazine.
POPULAR BRITISH SEA-WEEDS ; comprising a familiar and technical
description of the M A R I N EPLANTScommon t o the shores of the British Isles. By the Rev. DAVID
LANDSBOROUGH, A.L.S. One vol. royal 16m0,with twenty plates of figures, Price 10s.6d. coloured.
I n the Press.
POPULAR BRITISH ORNITHOLOGY, comprising all the British Birds.
By P. H. GOSSE. Royal 16100. 20 Plates of Figures. 7s. plain; 10s. 6d. colonred.
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16 Plates of Figures. 7s. plain ; 10s. 6d. coloured.
POPULAR FIELD BOTANY. By AGNESCATLOW.Royal l6mo. 20 Plates
of Figures. 7s. plain; 10s. 6d. coloured.
REEVE, BENHAM, 81 REEVE, KING WILLIAM STREET, STRAND.
POPULAR EDITION OF MR TUPPERPS TALES.
-
On July 1st will bepablished,price 2s. 6d., a cheap Reprint of
THE C R O C K O F GOLD.
BY MARTIN F. TUPPER, ESQ.

ARTHUR HALL, VIRTUE & CO., 25, PATERNOSTER ROW.
Now Reacly.
C O U R T ETIQUETTE. A Guide t o Levees, Drawing Rooms, Courts and
Audiences, the Usages of Social Life, the Formal Modes of Addressing Letters. Memorials, Addresses
and Petitions, the Rules of Precedence. the Composition of Dedications, the Etiquette of Public Meetings, and
every other formality of business or pleasure. By a M A NO F T H E WORLD. Royal 18mo, handsomely bound,
illustrated with Engravings, gllt and lettered, price 4s 6d.
Pubhshed by C. MITCHELL,Red Lion Court, Fleet Street, London, who sends the work, post free, to any
address, on receipt of Postage Stamps of the above value. May also be had (by order) of any Bookseller.
79
ADVERTISEMENTS. 3
DOYLE,
by RICHARD
This day is Published, in sn~allavo, price 3s. 6d., with numerous Illzcstratio?~~
T H E E N C H A N T E D DOLL.
1 S a i r p Ealc for ?Little IBeopIc.
BY MARK LEMON.
Now Ready, in crown octavo,price 16s.
PAXTON'S BOTANICAL DICTIONARY.
A NEW EDITION, CORRECTED T O THE PRESENT TIME.
Comprising the Names, Histo?*y, and Culture of all Plants knowm in Brita& with a fur8
Explanation of Technical Terms.
Prepared as an instant resource and standard of consultation, and invaluable to all lovers of horticulture
in all its branches and of every grade. Within its columns is compressed all the most important information
relative to admired plants, which its size and avowed design would admit, and with this volume in his
pocket the cultivator of plants may perambulate his own garden, and visit those of his friends, or public
exhibitions, in the full assurance of deriving every fact of interest respecting any particular object that
may engage his attention.
*** For the convenience of persons possessing the First Edition, a SUPPLEMENT, containing all the New
Plants since its appearance, is published, price 5s.
Now publishing in iMbmthly N2crnbers,price One Shilling each, with Illzcstrativt oa Xteel
and Wood by the Author, to be completed im Twenty N~mbers,
PENDENNIS:
His Fortunes and Misfortunes, Ris Friends, and Eis Greatest Enemy,
BY W. M. THACKERAY,
Author of " Vanity Fair," " The Great Hoggarty Diamond," &c. &e. &c.
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Fair.' Mr. Thackeray's sympathies are all healthy and points, the quiet unpremeditatedness with which his
mvigorating-there is an indomitable spirit of English thoughts flow from his pen, and the tone of wholesome
frankness and manliness about him-he is the sworn morality which pervades his writings, all combine to
enemy of all humbng and pretension, and the good render him deservedly popular." 3forning Herald.
LEECH,
Now complete in One Volume, post 8u0,price 'is., with Twelve Illwtratims Zy-JOHN
A MAN MADE OF MONEY.
BY DOUGLAS JERROLD.
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BRADBURY
I
be kept warm in the memory of the public when many a
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This day ispublided, plice Is., handsomely hound i n cloth, with nzcmerozbs Woodcuts represerkkimg the
Processes of ffrafing, Budding, Layeriltg, &c.,
T H E LADIES' COMPANION T O T H E
FLOWER GARDEN.

BY MRS, LOUDON.
THE FIFTH EDITION, CORRECTED TO THE PRESENT TIME.
-- A
London : Published, for the Proprietor, by Bradbury & Evans, 11,Bouverie Street.
80
4 ADVERTISEMENTS.
WORKS BY MR. CHARLES DICKENS.
_3__
I.
Complete in One thick Volume 830, prke 21s. &I cloth, or 24s. 6d. haw-bound in mwoceo,
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THE
LIFE AND ADVENTURES OF OLIVER TWIST.
*** This Edition has been carefully corrected by the Author throughout, and contains the whole of the
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---+---
0%
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81
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BY STEPHEN YELDHAM, M.R.C.S., &c.
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,
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OLD LONDON BRIDGE.
an %i#tmicar Barnanre.
BY GEORGE HERBERT RODWELL, ESQ.,
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of romance But that bridge 1s one of historical celebrity-the first stone bridge ever built on the Thames-
the master-piece of the priest arch~tect,Peter of Colechurch-the structure h u ~ l tIn thirty years, dating from
1176-'Old London Bridge.' Now that the narrative IS completed, we may commend it as a companion story
w ~ t hthe ' Windsor Castle,' the 'Old St. Paul's,' and the 'Tower of London,' by Harrison Ainsworth; and
while we may speak thus eulog~st~caily of Mr. Rodwell, we may say that, in several of the engravings before
us, the illustrator, Mr. Ashley, may fear no comparison, even with such eminent and practical designers as
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82
N E W and IMPORTANT
on BLIGHT.-Just
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published, price 8s. 6d., LI F E ASSURANCE.-- An His-
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cuts. the LETTERS of RUSTICUS on BLIGHT. Assurance: including the Validity and non-validity of
"There is a woodcut, some of them most exquisite, Life Policies: with Observations on FRIENDLY SOCIE-
t o each chapter, and tail-pieces, after the delightful TIES and SAVINGS' BANKS;to which is addedaReview
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I t is a most delightful book."-Jerrold's Weekly News, tages, and the Various Purposes to which it may be
January 6 , 1849. applied. By ALFREDBURT, Esq., Secretary to a Life
"The most charming contribution to Natural His- Office.
tory since the days of good old Gilbert White. These " Quam quisque novit artem, in en se exerceat."-CIC.
lettersare well worthy of consultation by all gardeners London: EPFINGHA~IWILSON, Royal Exchange;
and agriculturalists, since the descriptions of these and all other Booksellers.
facts are perfectly trustworthy, being i n all cases the
result of observation."-Westminster Review, January
1849.
"The collection of facts and observations respecting
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cially worthy attention, and we recommend them
GLENNY'S HAND-BOOK to the
FLOWER GARDEN and GREENHOUSE,
compl t e in Twelve Monthly Parts, contains the
Description, Culture, and Management of all the
strongly ."-Gardeners1 and Farmers' Journal, January popular Flowers grown i n this country, with a Calen-
20, 1849. dar of Gardening Operations for every month.
"A very am using and instructive volume."- Parts I.,II., Ill., and IV.,price 4d.each, now ready,
Chambers' Edinburgh Journal. February 3, 1849. and sold by all Booksellers.
"This work contains by far the best account extant
of those insects which are injurious t o vegetation, and C. Cox, 12, King William Street, Strand.
known by the name of blight: the descriptions are n o
less remarkable for their accuracy than for their
popular style and graphic power."--Knoa's Ornitho- C l R C U L A T l N C LIBRARY.
logical Rambles. A BARGAIN.
J O H NVANVOORST, Paternoster Row.
---
-- ~
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MARSH.&c. kc.; in good condition.
Mrs.
Apply t o W. HVDE,Bookseller, 17, Titchfield Street,
ation connected with this delightful Art, and is Illus. Oxford Street, three doors from Mortimer Street.
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The articles made from COCOA-NUT FIBRE consist of Matting, Hearth-rugs, Door-mats, Mattresses,
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83
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69, Capel Street, Dublin, dated March 13, 1849:--"To / a t the pit of the stomach-Feverishness-Indigestion
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~ C N~ E
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the preservation of the complexion, both from the its removal-the gelmine is perfectly innocent, is easy
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variable temperature, by refreshing its delicacy, and HOGARD '' for the last 40 years. Sold for the pro-
Sustaining the brightest tints with which beauty is prietor by Mr. Hooper, Chemist, 24, Russell Street,
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on the Government stamp of the genuine. Price packets, price 4s. Double ditto, 7s., or by post, free
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84
8 ADVERTISEMENTS.
- ~ ~
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NO MORE PILLS NOR ANY OTHER MEDICINE.
 Du BARRY & Co., 127, N e w B o n d
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-- - --
CASES.
From the Right Hon. t h e Lord Stuart De Decies, Dromana, Capoquin, County Waterford, Feb. 15, 1849.-
" Gentlemen, I have derived much beneflt from the use of t h e 'Revalenta Food.'
"STUART DE DECIES."
' 8 4, Park Walk, Little Chelsea, London, Oct. 2. 1848.
" Twenty.seven pears' dyspepsia has been effectually removed by your excellent ' Revalenta Arabica Food,:
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Pool Anthony, Tiverton, November 8, 1848.
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'c Bromiey, Middlesex, March 31, 1849.