--- layout: work title: work weight: 1 ---
console.log(me.work);
The work I do is a great way for me to show my skills in action. Below are some of the projects that I've worked on in my free time along with some work I've done at my past internships.


2D 3D CAPTURE DEMOS
@Auther : Tharanga Wijethilake
Release 1
Mobile Sensor raw data Demos
Release 2
Demo 1-Get Rest Request for all tagged image content
Demo 2- Data capturing Mobile Client
Demo 3- Search images using location as the parameter Pure Browser Client
Demo 4- Approximate Orientation Data -Mobile Browser
Demo 5-System info
Release 3
Total Mobile Client
This Demo Visualize the utilization of Advanced meta data
REST Pub sub Client and server manager
REST Subscriber
QUnit Test cases
General Test cases
Mobile Sensor specific Test cases


{% extends "base_generic.html" %} {% block content %}
There are no persons in the database.
All persons
Actually working
Not working
{{ department }}


Scott Chamberlain ( @sckottie) and Zachary Foster
UC Berkeley / rOpenSci
main collaborator on this work: Zach Foster
also an rOpenSci 2018 Fellow: Introducing the 2018 rOpenSci Research Fellows!
install.packages("taxa")
filter_taxa(x, taxon_names == "Plantae", subtaxa = TRUE)
filter_taxa(x, taxon_ranks == "genus", supertaxa = TRUE)
filter_obs(x, "info", n_legs == 4, drop_taxa = TRUE)
mutate_obs(x, "info", bipedal = n_legs == 2)
pip3 install pytaxa


Vacaction Destination Wish List
Keep a list of your dream destinations!
~ The World Awaits ~
Destination
Location
Photo
Description
Add to List


By including the cucumber-spring jar on your CLASSPATH your Step Definitions will be instantiated by Spring.
cucumber-spring
CLASSPATH


MAMAMOO drops a teaser image for its 2nd full album
by olmalMAMAMOO has just revealed the teaser image for its upcoming second full album. The teaser relays the message, "reality in Black" which appears as an acronym for "Bless Life and Carry Knowledge" from the tweet yesterday with the teaser.
The album is set for release on November 14 at 6 PM KST. Stay tuned for updates!


| 程序包 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| org.apache.giraph.comm |
Package of communication related objects, IPC service.
|
| org.apache.giraph.comm.netty |
Package for netty implementations.
|
| org.apache.giraph.conf |
Package of Giraph configuration related things.
|
| org.apache.giraph.edge |
Package of Vertex implementations.
|
| org.apache.giraph.examples |
Package of Giraph examples.
|
| org.apache.giraph.graph |
Package of all the graph related objects, built on the
org.apache.bsp package.
|
| org.apache.giraph.io |
Input/Output related things.
|
| org.apache.giraph.io.formats |
Package of reusable library Giraph objects.
|
| org.apache.giraph.io.iterables |
Iterable wrappers for IO readers/writers
|
| org.apache.giraph.utils |
Package of all generic utility classes.
|
| 类和说明 |
|---|
| Edge
A complete edge, the target vertex and the edge value.
|
| EdgeStore
Collects incoming edges for vertices owned by this worker.
|
| 类和说明 |
|---|
| Edge
A complete edge, the target vertex and the edge value.
|
| 类和说明 |
|---|
| Edge
A complete edge, the target vertex and the edge value.
|
| OutEdges
Interface for data structures that store out-edges for a vertex.
|
| ReusableEdge
A complete edge, the target vertex and the edge value.
|
| 类和说明 |
|---|
| ConfigurableOutEdges
Common base class for
OutEdges implementations that require a
configuration. |
| Edge
A complete edge, the target vertex and the edge value.
|
| MultiRandomAccessOutEdges
Interface for
OutEdges implementations that provide efficient
random access to the edges given the target vertex id. |
| MutableEdge
An edge whose value can be modified.
|
| MutableEdgesWrapper
Helper class that wraps the current out-edges and inserts them into a new
data structure as they are iterated over.
|
| MutableOutEdges
Interface for
OutEdges implementations that have an optimized
mutable edge iterator. |
| OutEdges
Interface for data structures that store out-edges for a vertex.
|
| ReusableEdge
A complete edge, the target vertex and the edge value.
|
| ReuseObjectsOutEdges
Empty interface to characterize
OutEdges implementations that
don't keep references to the Edge (or id and value) objects they are passed. |
| StrictRandomAccessOutEdges
Interface for
OutEdges implementations that provide efficient
random access to the edges given the target vertex id. |
| 类和说明 |
|---|
| Edge
A complete edge, the target vertex and the edge value.
|
| 类和说明 |
|---|
| Edge
A complete edge, the target vertex and the edge value.
|
| MutableEdge
An edge whose value can be modified.
|
| OutEdges
Interface for data structures that store out-edges for a vertex.
|
| 类和说明 |
|---|
| Edge
A complete edge, the target vertex and the edge value.
|
| 类和说明 |
|---|
| Edge
A complete edge, the target vertex and the edge value.
|
| 类和说明 |
|---|
| Edge
A complete edge, the target vertex and the edge value.
|
| ReusableEdge
A complete edge, the target vertex and the edge value.
|
| 类和说明 |
|---|
| Edge
A complete edge, the target vertex and the edge value.
|
Copyright © 2011-2013 The Apache Software Foundation. All Rights Reserved.


Conversions
问题描述 :
Conversion between the metric and English measurement systems is relatively simple. Often, it involves either multiplying or dividing by a constant. You must write a program that converts between the following units:
输入:
The first line of input contains a single integer N, (1 ≤ N ≤ 1000) which is the number of datasets that follow.
Each dataset consists of a single line of input containing a floating point (double precision) number, a space and the unit specification for the measurement to be converted. The unit specification is one of kg, lb, l, or g referring to kilograms, pounds, liters and gallons respectively.
Each dataset consists of a single line of input containing a floating point (double precision) number, a space and the unit specification for the measurement to be converted. The unit specification is one of kg, lb, l, or g referring to kilograms, pounds, liters and gallons respectively.
输出:
The first line of input contains a single integer N, (1 ≤ N ≤ 1000) which is the number of datasets that follow.
Each dataset consists of a single line of input containing a floating point (double precision) number, a space and the unit specification for the measurement to be converted. The unit specification is one of kg, lb, l, or g referring to kilograms, pounds, liters and gallons respectively.
Each dataset consists of a single line of input containing a floating point (double precision) number, a space and the unit specification for the measurement to be converted. The unit specification is one of kg, lb, l, or g referring to kilograms, pounds, liters and gallons respectively.

printf这个函数在计算的时候是从右到左，打印是从左到右。
如何解决overload的问题呢？
什么破题，题意好难懂啊
真心不错，力顶作者
程序是对的。有些地方用了C++的写法
为什么暴力求解方法循环到sqrt(n) 就可以了呢


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Susan Casey
Democrat
I am a writer. Self-employed.
BA, MSW, PHD in International Relations
80209
Brian Mason for District Attorney, Jeanne Shaheen for United States Senate, Donna Lynne for Governor, Alan Khazei for Congress, possibly other local municipal candidates
After decades serving as a board member of range of organizations (Denver Headstart, Transportation Solutions, America Scores, e.g.) I recently "retired" from my last active board, Urban Land Conservancy, to pursue writing full-time.
Represented southeast Denver on the Denver City Council from 1995-2001.
I have a wealth of experience within and around the political system and bring leadership skills to the table that might be of valuable in the process.
As a teacher, social worker, political advisor, activist, elected official, my whole career has been one of helping bring people together to solve problems, resolve issues, and come to a consensus on a way forward.
Susan Berry Casey, PhD, is a political scientist, scholar, published author and respected authority in the field of American politics and government. She served as a top advisor to presidential candidates Sen. Gary Hart, Sen. Bob Kerrey, Sen. John Kerry and Gov. Martin O’Malley, was an elected member of the Denver City Council and a candidate for mayor. She has taught at the University of Colorado Graduate School of Public Affairs, Metropolitan State University in Denver and led an innovative new media project at the Institute of Politics at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University.
female


Toggle navigation
Operational Dashboard
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Powered By EMC


The Song Window
The Song window controls the whole song. You can...
- Start/stop playing the song
- Set the speed...
- ...and the main volume and...
- edit the play list
The play list is pure drag & drop: Take a number from the pattern window and drop it here, arrange the
numbers in the playlist with drag & drop and remove the numbers in the playlist by dragging them out of the window.
When you click the play button, the song is played. You can also select a pattern in the playlist with the mouse. Then the
song continues at that point.
|


SKIP 1 — scikit-image governance and decision-making¶
- Author
Juan Nunez-Iglesias<EMAIL_ADDRESS>- Author
Stéfan van der Walt<EMAIL_ADDRESS>- Author
Josh Warner
- Author
François Boulogne
- Author
Emmanuelle Gouillart
- Author
Mark Harfouche
- Author
Lars Grüter
- Author
Egor Panfilov
- Status
Final
- Type
Process
- Created
2019-07-02
- Resolved
2019-09-25
- Resolution
- skimage-Version
0.16
Abstract¶
The purpose of this document is to formalize the governance process used by the scikit-image project, to clarify how decisions are made and how the various elements of our community interact.
This is a consensus-based community project. Anyone with an interest in the project can join the community, contribute to the project design, and participate in the decision making process. This document describes how that participation takes place, how to find consensus, and how deadlocks are resolved.
Roles And Responsibilities¶
The Community¶
The scikit-image community consists of anyone using or working with the project in any way.
Contributors¶
A community member can become a contributor by interacting directly with the project in concrete ways, such as:
proposing a change to the code via a GitHub pull request;
reporting issues on our GitHub issues page;
proposing a change to the documentation, website, or tutorials via a GitHub pull request;
discussing the design of the library, website, or tutorials on the mailing list, in the project chat room, or in existing issues and pull requests; or
reviewing open pull requests,
among other possibilities. Any community member can become a contributor, and all are encouraged to do so. By contributing to the project, community members can directly help to shape its future.
Contributors are encouraged to read the contributing guide.
Core developers¶
Core developers are community members that have demonstrated continued commitment to the project through ongoing contributions. They have shown they can be trusted to maintain scikit-image with care. Becoming a core developer allows contributors to merge approved pull requests, cast votes for and against merging a pull-request, and be involved in deciding major changes to the API, and thereby more easily carry on with their project related activities. Core developers appear as organization members on the scikit-image GitHub organization. Core developers are expected to review code contributions while adhering to the core developer guide.
New core developers can be nominated by any existing core developer. Discussion about new core developer nominations is one of the few activities that takes place on the project’s private management list. The decision to invite a new core developer must be made by “lazy consensus”, meaning unanimous agreement by all responding existing core developers. Invitation must take place at least one week after initial nomination, to allow existing members time to voice any objections.
Steering Council¶
The Steering Council (SC) members are core developers who have additional responsibilities to ensure the smooth running of the project. SC members are expected to participate in strategic planning, approve changes to the governance model, and make decisions about funding granted to the project itself. (Funding to community members is theirs to pursue and manage.) The purpose of the SC is to ensure smooth progress from the big-picture perspective. Changes that impact the full project require analysis informed by long experience with both the project and the larger ecosystem. When the core developer community (including the SC members) fails to reach such a consensus in a reasonable timeframe, the SC is the entity that resolves the issue.
The steering council is fixed in size to five members. This may be expanded in the future. The initial steering council of scikit-image consists of Stéfan van der Walt, Juan Nunez-Iglesias, Emmanuelle Gouillart, Josh Warner, and Zachary Pincus. The SC membership is revisited every January. SC members who do not actively engage with the SC duties are expected to resign. New members are added by nomination by a core developer. Nominees should have demonstrated long-term, continued commitment to the project and its Our mission. A nomination will result in discussion that cannot take more than a month and then admission to the SC by consensus.
The scikit-image steering council may be contacted at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Decision Making Process¶
Decisions about the future of the project are made through discussion with all members of the community. All non-sensitive project management discussion takes place on the project mailing list and the issue tracker. Occasionally, sensitive discussion may occur on a private list.
Decisions should be made in accordance with the mission, vision and values of the scikit-image project.
Scikit-image uses a “consensus seeking” process for making decisions. The group tries to find a resolution that has no open objections among core developers. Core developers are expected to distinguish between fundamental objections to a proposal and minor perceived flaws that they can live with, and not hold up the decision-making process for the latter. If no option can be found without objections, the decision is escalated to the SC, which will itself use consensus seeking to come to a resolution. In the unlikely event that there is still a deadlock, the proposal will move forward if it has the support of a simple majority of the SC. Any vote must be backed by a scikit-image proposal (SKIP).
Decisions (in addition to adding core developers and SC membership as above) are made according to the following rules:
Minor documentation changes, such as typo fixes, or addition / correction of a sentence (but no change of the scikit-image.org landing page or the “about” page), require approval by a core developer and no disagreement or requested changes by a core developer on the issue or pull request page (lazy consensus). Core developers are expected to give “reasonable time” to others to give their opinion on the pull request if they’re not confident others would agree.
Code changes and major documentation changes require agreement by two core developers and no disagreement or requested changes by a core developer on the issue or pull-request page (lazy consensus).
Changes to the API principles require a Improvement proposals (SKIPs) and follow the decision-making process outlined above.
Changes to this governance model or our mission, vision, and values require a Improvement proposals (SKIPs) and follow the decision-making process outlined above, unless there is unanimous agreement from core developers on the change.
If an objection is raised on a lazy consensus, the proposer can appeal to the community and core developers and the change can be approved or rejected by escalating to the SC, and if necessary, a SKIP (see below).
Improvement proposals (SKIPs)¶
For all votes, a formal proposal must have been made public and discussed before the vote. After discussion has taken place, the key advocate of the proposal must create a consolidated document summarizing the discussion, called a SKIP, on which the core team votes. The lifetime of a SKIP detailed in SKIP 0 — Purpose and Process.
A list of all existing SKIPs is available here.
Copyright¶
This document is based on the scikit-learn governance document and is placed in the public domain.


Extinction Rebellion targets Black Friday
Protest draws a crowd outside the JSE
29 Nov 2019, 15:01
As enthusiastic shoppers around South Africa made their way to various shopping malls in search of discounted items, Extinction Rebellion hosted a protest outside the Johannesburg Stock Exchange protesting against consumerism and to highlight the need for big business to invest in solar power in South Africa rather than coal powered powered stations.
Environmental activists from Extinction Rebellion take part in a “die-in” outside the Johannesburg Stock Exchange in Sandton, 29 November 2019. Members of the Extinction Rebellion environmental group protested on Black Friday to highlight the need for big business to invest in solar power in South Africa rather than coal powered power stations. Picture: Michel Bega
Members of a young environmental activist group called Artivist join Extinction Rebellion protesters outside the Johannesburg Stock Exchange in Sandton, 29 November 2019. Members of the Extinction Rebellion environmental group protested on Black Friday to highlight the need for big business to invest in solar power in South Africa rather than coal powered power stations. Picture: Michel Bega
A mascot from Builders Warehouse can be seen inside a Checkers in Raslouw Lifestyle Centre promoting their Black Friday Specials, 29 November 2019, Pretoria. Picture: Jacques Nelles
Environmental activists from Extinction Rebellion demonstrate outside the Johannesburg Stock Exchange in Sandton, 29 November 2019. Members of the Extinction Rebellion environmental group protested on Black Friday to highlight the need for big business to invest in solar power in South Africa rather than coal powered power stations. Picture: Michel Bega
Black Friday shoppers are seen shopping at Centurion Mall looking for the best Black Friday specials, 29 November 2019, Pretoria. Picture: Jacques Nelles
Environmental activists from Extinction Rebellion take part in a “die-in” outside the Johannesburg Stock Exchange in Sandton, 29 November 2019. Members of the Extinction Rebellion environmental group protested on Black Friday to highlight the need for big business to invest in solar power in South Africa rather than coal powered power stations. Picture: Michel Bega
Black Friday shoppers are seen shopping at Centurion mall looking for the best Black Friday specials, 29 November 2019, Pretoria. Picture: Jacques Nelles
Black Friday shoppers are seen shopping at Centurion mall looking for the best Black Friday specials, 29 November 2019, Pretoria. Picture: Jacques Nelles
South Africans battle it out to take advantage of huge price cuts at Southgate Mall in Johannesburg, 29 November 2019. American, Black Friday is now a staple for South African festive season shopping. Picture: Nigel Sibanda
A mascot from Builders Warehouse can be seen at The Mall@Reds in Centurion, promoting their Black Friday Specials, 29 November 2019, Pretoria. Picture: Jacques Nelles
Environmental activists join Extinction Rebellion protesters as they demonstrate outside the Johannesburg Stock Exchange in Sandton, 29 November 2019. Members of the Extinction Rebellion environmental group protested on Black Friday to highlight the need for big business to invest in solar power in South Africa rather than coal powered power stations. Picture: Michel Bega
South Africans battle it out to take advantage of huge price cuts at Southgate Mall in Johannesburg, 29 November 2019. American, Black Friday is now a staple for South African festive season shopping. Picture: Nigel Sibanda
Black Friday shoppers are seen shopping at Centurion mall looking for the best Black Friday specials, 29 November 2019, Pretoria. Picture: Jacques Nelles
Environmental activists join Extinction Rebellion protesters as they demonstrate outside the Johannesburg Stock Exchange in Sandton, 29 November 2019. Members of the Extinction Rebellion environmental group protested on Black Friday to highlight the need for big business to invest in solar power in South Africa rather than coal powered power stations. Picture: Michel Bega
South Africans battle it out to take advantage of huge price cuts at Southgate Mall in Johannesburg, 29 November 2019. American, Black Friday is now a staple for South African festive season shopping. Picture: Nigel Sibanda
Members of a young environmental activist group called Artivist join Extinction Rebellion protesters outside the Johannesburg Stock Exchange in Sandton, 29 November 2019. Members of the Extinction Rebellion environmental group protested on Black Friday to highlight the need for big business to invest in solar power in South Africa rather than coal powered power stations. Picture: Michel Bega
Related Stories


Conjugación completa en español para cada verbo español, del conjugador más confiable.
Hello and welcome to the Spanish Verb Conjugation! Here you will go through a series of exercises all targeted at making you proficient in using spanish verbs. An easy way to learn the Spanish conjugation online for free. Learn Regular and Irregular Spanish conjugation through this comprehensive course of a game. Please feel free to sign up and start practicing today.


--- layout: default --- {{ "About" | upcase }} {%- include about.html -%} {{ "Prompts" | upcase }} {%- include prompts_feed.html -%}


Views
Overview
Views give you the possibility to retrieve your data in a different way than the default one. By default a resource gets a default primary view “byId” and is used as the default view when fetching data. But you can of course create your own views or alter the default “byId” view. If your apps or systems need to fetch data in different manners or filter on specific attributes then you create several views to support this filtering.
In distributed environments this is a very important concept. Since your resource data is spread across several machines and partitions OOPSIE makes your data redundant so it can be efficiently returned when you ask for it. This means that OOPSIE can handle enormous amount of data but still very fast return it to the apps when needed.
In the Resource panel locate the view button and click on it to enter View details. Here you create or alter the views depending on how you want to retrieve the data.
Remember! A partition can’t grow too big so add primary keys if needed. See the “Advanced” section in the Resource overview.
Example
If you have a Resource with name Persons and it has three Attributes, firstName, lastName and civicNo (also has id by default). You want to, by default, retrieve Persons entities by lastName in ascending order and secondly by firstName in ascending order, then create a new view, or change the default, so it has lastName as the first clustering key and firstName as the second clustering key using ascending order on both. But you also have another page where the user will search for persons using its civicNo instead, here a second view comes handy. If you create a view that is called for eg. byCivicNo and add your Attribute civicNo you will be able to retrieve your data easily using this view filtered by a persons civic no.
Advanced
You might wonder why you can’t just filter on civicNo when fetching the Persons entities, why the need of an extra view? Since OOPSIE distributes its data to several nodes in a distributed server infrastructure it would be very insufficiant to ask all nodes in OOPSIE if it stores a Persons entity with a civicNo=value. It is much better to restructure the data in a View so OOPSIE easily can ask the node that has the entity to fetch the data.
Partition key
You mark an attribute as a partition key and can of course hold any valid value for the type you defined on that attribute. You can have several attributes marked as partition key on a resource view.
The Partition Key is an advanced feature responsible for data distribution across nodes and partitions in the OOPSIE infrastructure. For every resource OOPSIE keeps track of the amount of data it can store per partition. This means that if you know that your data will grow infinite then you MUST add a partition key so your data can be spread out on several partitions an be able to handle more entities. The amount of data on a resource view partition is approx. 500 MB.
So defining a partition key can be extremely useful for data that grows infinite. The OOPSIE Site API will throw an error when max data is reached for a partition. Below we list some things to think of when using partition keys:
- If your data will grow infinite add a partition key to your resource.
- If you define a partition key then a valid value has to be included in the query every time you want to retrieve data.
An example that stores persons …
- city
- lastName
- firstName
… and city is used as a Partition Key.
Your data will be partitioned by city and you will not be able to have several million persons (entities) that live in same city.
The entities
{
"city": "Växjö",
"firstName": "Samuel",
"lastName": "Jackson"
}
{
"city": "Växjö",
"firstName": "Samuel",
"lastName": "Andersson"
}
will be stored in the same partition while the entities
{
"city": "Los Angeles",
"firstName": "Samuel",
"lastName": "Jackson"
}
{
"city": "Växjö",
"firstName": "Samuel",
"lastName": "Andersson"
}
will NOT be stored in the same partition.
Clustering key
The Clustering Key is responsible for data sorting within the partition. I.e. when fetching data it will be returned according to the clustering key attributes in the resource. In queries it is possible to “filter” data using clustering keys, just like partition keys, but clustering keys are optional in queries. But if they are present then they have to be in order as declared in the queried resource. An example:
If the person resource mentioned in the partition key section above had lastName as clustering key 1 and firstName as clustering key 2 then it is not possible to query with firstName and omit lastName, but lastName can be queried and omit firstName. To accomplish a query by firstName only then you need to create a new view for that specific filtering.
Clustering Key can be sorted by:
- ASC - Ascending order
- DESC - Descending order
- Previous
- Next


This linear compressibility fluid model is based on the assumptions that:
That means that the density is a linear function in temperature and in pressure. In order to define the complete model, a number of constant reference values are needed which are computed at the reference values of the states pressure p and temperature T. The model can be interpreted as a linearization of a full non-linear fluid model (but it is not linear in all thermodynamic coordinates). Reference values are needed for
Apart from that, a user needs to define the molar mass, MM_const. Note that it is possible to define a fluid by computing the reference values from a full non-linear fluid model by computing the package constants using the standard functions defined in a fluid package (see example in liquids package).
In order to avoid numerical inversion of the temperature in the T_ph and T_ps functions, the density is always taken to be the reference density in the computation of h, s, u and cv. For liquids (and this model is intended only for liquids) the relative error of doing so is 1e-3 to 1e-4 at most. The model would be more "correct" based on the other assumptions, if occurrences of reference_d in the computations of h,s,u and cv would be replaced by a call to density(state). That would require a numerical solution for T_ps, while T_ph can be solved symbolically from a quadratic function. Errors from this approximation are small because liquid density varies little.
One of the main reasons to use a simple, linear fluid model is to achieve high performance in simulations. There are a number of possible compromises and possibilities to improve performance. Some of them can be influenced by a flag. The following rules where used in this model:
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| ThermodynamicState | A selection of variables that uniquely defines the thermodynamic state |
| BaseProperties | Base properties of medium |
| setState_pTX | Set the thermodynamic state record from p and T (X not needed) |
| setState_phX | Set the thermodynamic state record from p and h (X not needed) |
| setState_psX | Set the thermodynamic state record from p and s (X not needed) |
| setState_dTX | Set the thermodynamic state record from d and T (X not needed) |
| setSmoothState | Return thermodynamic state so that it smoothly approximates: if x > 0 then state_a else state_b |
| pressure | Return the pressure from the thermodynamic state |
| temperature | Return the temperature from the thermodynamic state |
| density | Return the density from the thermodynamic state |
| specificEnthalpy | Return the specific enthalpy from the thermodynamic state |
| specificEntropy | Return the specific entropy from the thermodynamic state |
| specificInternalEnergy | Return the specific internal energy from the thermodynamic state |
| specificGibbsEnergy | Return specific Gibbs energy from the thermodynamic state |
| specificHelmholtzEnergy | Return specific Helmholtz energy from the thermodynamic state |
| velocityOfSound | Return velocity of sound from the thermodynamic state |
| isentropicExponent | Return isentropic exponent from the thermodynamic state |
| isentropicEnthalpy | Return isentropic enthalpy |
| specificHeatCapacityCp | Return specific heat capacity at constant volume |
| specificHeatCapacityCv | Return specific heat capacity at constant volume from the thermodynamic state |
| isothermalCompressibility | Return the isothermal compressibility kappa |
| isobaricExpansionCoefficient | Return the isobaric expansion coefficient |
| density_derp_h | Return density derivative w.r.t. pressure at const specific enthalpy |
| density_derh_p | Return density derivative w.r.t. specific enthalpy at constant pressure |
| density_derp_T | Return density derivative w.r.t. pressure at const temperature |
| density_derT_p | Return density derivative w.r.t. temperature at constant pressure |
| density_derX | Returns the partial derivative of density with respect to mass fractions at constant pressure and temperature |
| molarMass | Return molar mass |
| T_ph | Return temperature from pressure and specific enthalpy |
| T_ps | Return temperature from pressure and specific entropy |


Information required to delete the backtest. The /backtests/delete
API accepts requests in the following format:
DeleteBacktestRequest Model - Request to delete a backtest. |
|
|---|---|
| projectId | integer Project Id for the backtest we want to delete. |
| backtestId | string Backtest Id we want to delete. |
| Example |
{ "projectId": 0, "backtestId": "string" } |


Date: Wed Apr 14 16:20:59 2021
This certifies that:
Mind N. Hand
has survived the massive tome:
Learning Python 5th Edition
and is now entitled to all privileges thereof, including the right to proceed on to learning how to develop Web sites, desktop GUIs, scientific models, and assorted apps, with the possible assistance of follow-up applications books such as Programming Python (shameless plug intended).
--Mark Lutz, Instructor
(Note: certificate void where obtained by skipping ahead.)
| Book support site |


The original Chroma introduced the concept of the "scratch" program, which was a {_program} in which all {_parameter parameters} had default values, and those values were chosen to yield a raw sawtooth wave sound, as a useful place to start programming. A scratch program has most parameter set to zero, or to 1 if that is the minimum parameter value, but there are some exceptions:
In the original Chroma, the only way to obtain a scratch sound was to turn on both EDIT A and EDIT B, hold PARAM SELECT down, and press each number switch; doing so would reset the corresponding parameter to its default value. The Digital Chroma still supports this, and allows extended parameters to be reset by holding SET SPLIT in Parameter Select mode and pressing number switches. But you can also press SET SPLIT in Program Select mode and then press 25 to clear all parameters. Note that this doesn't actually change the program number in the display.
In the original Chroma, all fifty stored programs always existed, because they were stored in fixed areas of the non-volatile CMOS RAM. The Digital Chroma, on the other hand, stores programs in files on a flash file system (very much like an ordinary thumb drive), and it represents a scratch program by the absence of the corresponding file. If you select a non-existent program, you get a scratch program; if you store a scratch program over an existing program, it deletes that file.
Since "scratch" is therefore an easily recognizable condition, not just some magic set of a couple hundred different parameter values, the program number display has two annunciators in it, one saying SCRATCH and the other saying MODIFIED. (The original Chroma just turned on a decimal point in the seven-segment readout to indicate MODIFIED.)


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Here is an example where spherical coordinates P1 and Q1 undergo a coordinate transformation and become P2 and Q2; the transformation consists of a rotation of the coordinate system through angles A, B and C about the z, new y and new z axes respectively:
REAL A,B,C,R(3,3),P1,Q1,V1(3),V2(3),P2,Q2 : * Create rotation matrix CALL sla_EULER('ZYZ',A,B,C,R) * Transform position (P,Q) from spherical to Cartesian CALL sla_CS2C(P1,Q1,V1) * Multiply by rotation matrix CALL sla_MXV(R,V1,V2) * Back to spherical CALL sla_CC2S(V2,P2,Q2)
Small adjustments to the direction of a position vector are often most conveniently described in terms of . Adding the correction vector needs careful handling if the position vector is to remain of length unity, an advisable precaution which ensures that the components are always available to mean the cosines of the angles between the vector and the axis concerned. Two types of shifts are commonly used, the first where a small vector of arbitrary direction is added to the unit vector, and the second where there is a displacement in the latitude coordinate (declination, elevation etc.) alone.
For a shift produced by adding a small vector to a unit vector , the resulting vector has direction but is no longer of unit length. A better approximation is available if the result is multiplied by a scaling factor of , where the dot means scalar product. In Fortran:
F = (1D0-(DX*V1X+DY*V1Y+DZ*V1Z)) V2X = F*(V1X+DX) V2Y = F*(V1Y+DY) V2Z = F*(V1Z+DZ)
The correction for diurnal aberration (discussed later) is an example of this form of shift.
As an example of the second kind of displacement we will apply a small change in elevation to an direction vector. The direction of the result can be obtained by making the allowable approximation and adding a adjustment vector of length normal to the direction vector in the vertical plane containing the direction vector. The z-component of the adjustment vector is ,and the horizontal component is which has then to be resolved into x and y in proportion to their current sizes. To approximate a unit vector more closely, a correction factor of can then be applied, which is nearly for small . Expressed in Fortran, for initial vector V1X,V1Y,V1Z, change in elevation DEL (+ve upwards), and result vector V2X,V2Y,V2Z:
COSDEL = 1D0-DEL*DEL/2D0 R1 = SQRT(V1X*V1X+V1Y*V1Y) F = COSDEL*(R1-DEL*V1Z)/R1 V2X = F*V1X V2Y = F*V1Y V2Z = COSDEL*(V1Z+DEL*R1)
An example of this type of shift is the correction for atmospheric refraction (see later). Depending on the relationship between and E, special handling at the pole (the zenith for our example) may be required.
SLALIB includes routines for the case where both a position and a velocity are involved. The routines sla_CS2C6 and sla_CC62S convert from to and back; sla_DCS26 and sla_DC62S are double precision equivalents.
SLALIB --- Positional Astronomy Library


ExamineLibraryFunctions()
语法
Result = ExamineLibraryFunctions(#Library)概要
Initiates the process of examining the functions contained within a library.
参数
#Library The number of the library which contains the functions to examine. This number must be identical to that used previously with: OpenLibrary().
返回值
Returns nonzero if the functions can be examined and zero if not.
备注
If this function succeeds, the programmer may then step through the functions in the library by using NextLibraryFunction(). At that point, information such as the name and address of each function may be obtained by using the LibraryFunctionName() and LibraryFunctionAddress() functions respectively.
参阅
NextLibraryFunction(), LibraryFunctionAddress(), LibraryFunctionName()
已支持操作系统
Windows, Linux


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TABLE OF CONTENTS
A. GS1 Related B. GS2 Related POLITY 1. Telecom regulator backs Net neutrality SOCIAL ISSUES 1. Ivanka exhorts women entrepreneurs to focus on education, technology INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 1. Chabahar port ready, next stage for India 2. India supports creation of a Palestinian state: PM 3. India, Russia update pact on security EDUCATION 1. Rethink school education C. GS3 Related ECONOMY 1. Invest in India, PM tells entrepreneurs 2. No compromise on India’s interests at WTO: Prabhu 3. India must integrate with global value chain: ADB 4. India seeing increasing formalisation: Jaitley 5. Sharma to head GST ‘profiteering’ watchdog ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY 1. India loses billions to air pollution: UN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 1. Earthworms may grow in Martian soil, says study 2. Indonesia: the world's volcanic hotspot 3. Infusing technology into education 4. Auto fuel from CO2 emissions D. GS4 Related E. Prelims Fact F. UPSC Prelims Practice Questions G. UPSC Mains Practice Questions
Nothing here for Today!!!
1. Telecom regulator backs Net neutrality
In news:
- The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) came out in strong support of Net neutrality in a series of recommendations following a long process of consultations.
- The content mentioned includes all content, applications, services and any other data, including its end-point information, that can be accessed or transmitted over the Internet.
- TRAI warned against any “discriminatory treatment” including blocking, degrading, slowing down or granting preferential speeds to any content.
- The service providers should be restricted from entering into any arrangement, agreement or contract, by whatever name called, with any person, natural or legal, that has the effect of discriminatory treatment based on content, sender or receiver, protocols or user equipment.
- In February 2016, TRAI had barred telecom providers from charging differential rates for data services in its Prohibition of Discriminatory Tariffs for Data Services Regulations, 2016, effectively blocking such attempts by Facebook and Airtel.
- Facebook had earlier rolled out its Free Basics service in partnership with Reliance Communications as a “differential service” and lobbied hard for it on social media which put it at loggerheads with the telecom regulator.
- TRAI has recommended a multi-stakeholder body which would be responsible for developing technical standards for monitoring and enforcement of the principles.
- To monitor violations, TRAI has recommended the establishment of a collaborative mechanism in the form of a multi-stakeholder body which would be responsible for developing technical standards for monitoring and enforcement of the principles.
1. Ivanka exhorts women entrepreneurs to focus on education, technology
- Adviser to the U.S. President Ivanka Trump underscored the importance of education and technology for women entrepreneurs to make a mark in their chosen field.
- Participating in a panel discussion on ‘Be the Change: Women’s Entrepreneurial Leadership’ after the inauguration of the Global Entrepreneurship Summit-2017 here on Tuesday, Ms. Ivanka said technology was disrupting every sphere of life.
- It was important to train women in digital literacy, computer science and give them access to skill training.
- Citing the U.S. scenario, she said women comprised only 47% of the workforce, but only 21% of them were in the IT field.
- The U.S. President pumped in funds to bring focus on skill training for women and give opportunity to every American woman to participate in the economy and re-enter the workforce and become well-versed with the digital technology, she said.
- All the panellists were unanimous in that the entrepreneurs, significant number of them being women, were revolutionising economies, more so in the U.S. and India.
- Appreciating the diverse representation among the entrepreneurs at the GES-2017 with more than 50 per cent being women, Ms. Ivanka said networking and mentorship was more valuable to entrepreneurs.
- Each entrepreneur should make it a goal to at least help one more woman in their communities become an entrepreneur.Closing the gender entrepreneurship gap world-wide could raise global GDP by two per cent, she said
- Defence Minister Nirmala Sitaraman elaborating the priority being given to encourage start-ups and women entrepreneurs said that push should also come from women themselves.
- Women’s skills were under-estimated by women themselves. Environment in the country today was conducive to promote women entrepreneurship through access to funding, mentoring and skill training.
- Nirmala said start-up concept was gaining momentum as it was not possible for government to generate as many jobs as people wanted. Thus focus was to provide skill sets to people and encourage spirit of entrepreneurship.
- Nirmala said that they had learnt from the experiences of countries and left it to entrepreneurs themselves to come up with solutions rather than imposing from the top.
- An important decision would be to provide level playing field to start-ups with women entrepreneurs. A meeting would be convened with industry leaders and Chambers of Commerce on December 4 to give an opportunity to start-ups in the defence sector.
- The Defence Minister said as directed by the Prime Minister, efforts were on to encourage women at every district across the country to establish start-ups. Start- ups should not be confined to metros alone, she said.
- Women who set up small and micro enterprises would be helped to explore global markets for their products with the help of a UN organisation , she disclosed.
Category: INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
1. Chabahar port ready, next stage for India
- Iranian President Hassan Rouhani will inaugurate the first phase of the Chabahar port development project on Sunday, with senior Afghan and
- Iranian media quoted President Rouhani as saying that the port “will enhance trade in the region”, with a final aim to connect not just to Afghanistan via rail but also to the 7,200-km International North-South Transport Corridor to Russia.
- Iran’s parliament, or Majlis , recently ratified the trilateral trade agreement signed by Prime Minister Narenda Modi, President Rouhani and Afghanistan President Ashraf Ghani in May 2016.
- The inauguration of the port will effectively pave the way for India to carry forward the next phase of construction and development of two berths for its use, particularly for trade with Afghanistan.
- Next, the government, which has committed $500 million to the port project, will develop a free-trade area around the port, and finally will complete the loop with a $1.6-billion railway line to Zahedan.
- India has already completed the Zaranj-Delaram highway in Afghanistan, which would facilitate the trade to Kabul and eventually beyond to Central Asia. Mr. Gadkari said the first part of India’s construction would be finished in 2018.
- At present, India is using the port’s existing commercial route to transport more than 1.1 million tonnes of wheat to Afghanistan, of which the first consignment of 15,000 tonnes from the Kandla port came to Zaranj, via Chabahar.
2. India supports creation of a Palestinian state: PM
- In a statement on the International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian people, Prime Minister Narendra Modi presented his government’s position and said that India will continue to support nation building activities by the Palestinians, and urged for the creation of a Palestinian state that will co-exist ‘peacefully’ with Israel.
- The special day marks Resolution 181 of the United Nations which called for creation of independent Israeli and Palestinian states and was adopted on this day in 1947.
- The two-state solution of the Israeli-Palestinian dispute is based on this resolution.
- The day is being marked in the backdrop of the ongoing diplomacy to bring the two sides to the negotiation table. “India hopes for early resumption of dialogue between the Palestinian and the Israeli sides to move towards finding a comprehensive negotiated resolution,” Mr. Modi said.
- The statement was sent to the United Nations a few days ago through the Permanent Mission of India at the UN.
- Modi’s statement adds India’s support to the global push for a negotiated settlement of the longstanding demand for a Palestinian state next to Israel.
- The statement is the first occasion that the Prime Minister has spoken about the need for a viable Palestinian state since his visit to Israel last July.
- However, the India-Israel Joint Statement issued during his visit this year did not mention the need to create a Palestinian state but had mentioned the need for ‘mutual recognition’ and ‘security arrangements’ as the basis for a peaceful solution to the issue.
- Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is likely to visit India in January reciprocating Mr. Modi’s visit.
- The Prime Minister also expressed India’s long-term commitment to the Palestinian people and said, “India is an active development partner of Palestine, engaged in extending technical and financial assistance to improve the lives of the Palestinian people. We will continue to support the development and nation-building efforts of Palestine.”
- Several events and seminars are expected to be held in India to mark the day of solidarity with the Palestinians.
3. India, Russia update pact on security
- India and Russia have concluded a comprehensive agreement on security and reviewed the implementation of the Agreement on Information Security signed in October 2016 during the just-concluded visit of Home Minister Rajnath Singh.
- Singh, who paid a three-day visit to Russia, met his counterpart, Nikolai Patrushev, and signed deals on disaster management and narcotics smuggling.
- In Uncertain Glory — India and its Contradictions , Jean Dreze and Amartya Sen begin their chapter on education with a quote from Rabindranath Tagore: “The imposing tower of misery which today rests on the heart of India has its sole foundation in the absence of education.” This is as true today as it was nearly 90 years back.
- While India highlights its ever-improving literacy levels, educationally it is a terrible under-performer, too embarrassed to participate in the OECD’s Programme for International Student Assessment tests covering reading and computational skills for 15-year-olds.
- Successive studies have repeatedly established that a majority of those in each class in India have educational attainments much lower than the one they are in.
- Data from the Ministry of Human Resource Development show that only half of all students who enter primary school make it to the upper primary level and less than half that — around 25 million — get into the 9-12 class cycle.
- We have around a million primary schools and only half that number at the upper primary level. The number of secondary schools is less than 150,000 for a country of 1.3 billion, and even this comes down to just 100,000 at the higher secondary level.
- While there are around five million primary school teachers, at the secondary level the number is just 1.5 million. India has persisted with a schooling system that has long failed its young.
- The inexorable shift to private school education along with the Right to Education Act represents a failure of the public-school system. It is government schools that should be the drivers of change by becoming the first, not the last, choice of parents to send their children to.
- For that to happen, our public-school system must be swiftly and radically revamped, while our teacher training institutions, of which the District Institutes of Education and Training constitute an important part, speedily re-jigged to turn out world-class teachers, of the kind that will encourage children to stay on in, not drop out of, school.
- It is time that India began viewing school education as a critical strategic investment and gave it the status of a vital infrastructure project. As all in-country efforts have failed, we should go in for a radical overhaul of our educational infrastructure with the help of countries that have an amazing record in providing quality school education — Finland, for instance. We can surely afford to pay for that.
- If only India had begun revamping school education at the start of economic liberalisation, it would by now have had the world’s largest pool of well-educated and highly trained workers.
- Fortunately, India continues to have the largest number of young people anywhere. By ensuring they get a world-class education over the next few decades, India will be well on its way towards becoming a developed nation sooner than expected.
1. Invest in India, PM tells entrepreneurs
- Prime Minister Narendra Modi said his government understands that an environment of transparent policies and a rule of law providing a level playing field are necessary for entrepreneurship to flourish.
- Inaugurating the Global Entrepreneurship Summit (GES) here said this calling upon entrepreneurs from across the globe to “come make in India, invest in India, for India and for the world.”
- The three-day GES, co-hosted by the US and Indian governments is the first in the annual series to be travelling to South Asia, has ‘Women First, Prosperity for All’ as the theme.
- “In Indian mythology, women is an incarnation of Shakti, the goddess of power. We believe women empowerment is vital to our development,” Mr.Modi said, adding Indian women continue to lead in different walks of life.
- The government, under its Mudra scheme of providing easy finance of up to Rs. 1 million to entrepreneurs, has sanctioned over 90 million loans worth Rs. .4.28 trillion since 2015. More than 70 million of the loans have been sanctioned to women entrepreneurs.
- The Prime Minister also highlighted how the government was focused on reducing the regulatory burden and providing support to start-ups. “Our 1,200 redundant laws have been scrapped. 87% rules for foreign direct investment have been eased in 21 sectors, and several government procedures have been taken online. The process is yet not complete”.
- Listing various other programmes of his government, he said “we are working on development of a national gas grid. A comprehensive national energy policy is also in the pipeline,”he added.
2. No compromise on India’s interests at WTO: Prabhu
- At next month’s meeting of the World Trade Organisation’s (WTO) highest decision-making body, India will not compromise on its interests including ensuring food security as well as protecting its resource-poor and low-income farmers and fisher-folk, according to Commerce Minister Suresh Prabhu.
- Prabhu also said India — at the December 10-13 (WTO’s) Ministerial Conference in Buenos Aires, Argentina — will hold firm on its position against the inclusion of new issues such as ‘e-commerce’ and ‘investment facilitation’ into the ongoing round of multilateral trade negotiations, without first resolving the outstanding ones including food security.
- Besides, he said India will make sure that the ‘development agenda’ (to improve the developing countries’ trading prospects) of the talks, which began in Doha in 2001, is not subverted.
- India will stand firm on all the issues that it has raised so far, and will not make any compromise or dilute its stand. We will not directly or indirectly reduce our ability to push our own agenda forward.
- Also, the Doha Development Agenda (DDA) is not dead. The DDA is as important as it was before and it will be taken forward.
- Prabhu said the highest priority for India was to ensure that a ‘permanent solution’ on the issue of public stockholding for food security purposes is a part of the Buenos Aires meeting outcomes.
- Prabhu’s predecessor Nirmala Sitharaman had said, “without a permanent solution, public stockholding programmes in India and other developing countries will be hampered by the present ceiling on domestic support which is pegged at 10% of the value of production, and is wrongly considered as trade-distorting subsidy to farmers under existing WTO rules.
- “The existence of such a subsidy element is determined by comparing present day administered prices with fixed reference prices of the 1986-88 period which is unrealistic. Developing countries are finding themselves hamstrung by the existing rules in running their food stockholding and domestic food aid programmes.”
- Currently, an interim mechanism called the ‘Peace Clause’ is available for developing nations including India, according to which they cannot be challenged at the WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism (DSM) even if they breach the cap of the product-specific domestic support (10% of the value of production).
- However, Mr. Prabhu said India “will insist on a permanent solution that is much better than the Peace Clause.”
- Since a country that wants to invoke the Peace Clause has to comply with several stringent conditions (on notification and transparency and commitment on prohibition of exports from public stockholding), India is keen that a ‘permanent solution’ does not have onerous riders.
- He also said meaningful reforms in agriculture can happen only when the disproportionately large subsidies of the developed countries are reduced.
- On talks to eliminate ‘harmful’ fisheries subsidies, the minister said “India will protect its small and subsistence fisherfolk, and we want sustainable fishing. We want subsidies for small fisherfolk to continue.”
- In addition, at the WTO talks, India will also “very aggressively” push its proposal for Trade Facilitation in Services (which, among other things, aims to ease norms on the movement of skilled workers and professionals across borders for short-term work.
- Criticising attempts by certain countries to undermine the WTO’s DSM by blocking the appointment of new judges, the minister said, “the DSM is an important pillar on which the entire multilateral trading system stands.
- We will not allow it to be be weakened. Efforts must be taken to quickly fill in the vacancies as, without judges, the DSM will not be able to function.
3. India must integrate with global value chain: ADB
- The manufacturing sector’s share in India’s GDP has remained stagnant despite the government’s efforts to increase it, according to Asian Development Bank Country Head Kenichi Yokoyama, who added that India must do more to integrate with the global value chain in which it currently only plays a small part.
- Yokoyama also highlighted problems with the inequality between Indian states, the inadequate investment in the infrastructure sector and the poor planning behind urban development.
- “The share of manufacturing in India’s GDP has been stagnant despite the government’s efforts in this direction,” said Mr. Yokoyama. “The heart of the global value chain resides in southeast Asia at the moment, and India plays only a small part in that.
- We are working with the government to increase this. And, despite increasing per capita GDP growth, the challenge still remains of bridging the wide gap between the Indian states,” he added.
- “We expect GDP growth this year to be 7%,” Sabyasachi Mitra, Deputy Country Director, ADB, said. “Next year, we expect it to increase to 7.4%. There is an upturn in the global economy, trade is picking up, and the capital expenditure has been front-loaded.”
- Even lead indicators such as the index of industrial production, sale of commercial vehicles and indirect tax collections all point to higher GDP growth looking ahead, said Abhijit Sen Gupta, Economist at ADB.
4. India seeing increasing formalisation: Jaitley
- The country is witnessing a new chapter in history being written where every day is seeing a new initiative that further expands the formalisation of the economy, Finance Minister Arun Jaitley said on Tuesday.
- “It is a great tribute to entrepreneurship in India that in five years a payment gateway started its operations, grew so rapidly, and expanded its activities to include online banking,” Mr Jaitley said while inaugurating Paytm’s payments bank.
- “This is a new chapter in history being written that almost every day some such initiative is taking place that is increasing the formalisation of the economy,” he added.
- Paytm has 28 crore users, recorded 250 crore annual transactions from 50 lakh merchants, with transaction value of of Rs. 80,000 crore, said Vijay Shekhar Sharma, Paytm founder.
5. Sharma to head GST ‘profiteering’ watchdog
- The government said that it had appointed B.N. Sharma as the first Chairman of the National Anti-profiteering Authority (NAA), which is tasked with ensuring the benefits of the Goods and Services Tax are passed on to consumers.
- The appointments help reassure “consumers of Government’s commitment that GST would result in lower prices of goods and services,” a statements said.
- Once the Authority confirms there is justification to apply anti-profiteering measures, it has the authority to order the business concerned to reduce prices or return undue benefit availed, with interest at the rate of 18% to consumers.
Category: ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY
1. India loses billions to air pollution: UN
- India had the highest share of welfare costs (or a loss of income from labour), of about $220 billion (about Rs. 1.4 trillion), in South and South-East Asia — of a combined total of $380 billion from mortality due to air pollution, according to a report by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).
- The global mortality costs from outdoor air pollution are projected to rise to about $25 trillion by 2060 in the absence of more stringent measures. At regional and national scale, China’s welfare costs from mortality were the highest at nearly $1 trillion followed by the Organisation for Economic Corporation and Development (OECD) countries with a combined total of $730 billion, the report added quoting a 2016 projection by the OECD.
- Although certain forms of pollution have been reduced as “technologies and management strategies have advanced,” approximately 19 million premature deaths are estimated to occur annually as a result of the way societies use natural resources and impact the environment to support production and consumption, it notes.
- “If consumption and production patterns continue as they are, the linear economic model of ‘take-make-dispose’ will seriously burden an already-polluted planet, affecting current and future generations,” the report’s foreword concludes.
- To curb pollution in various forms, the UNEP called for strong high-level political commitment and engagement of the local government, civil society and other stakeholders.
- “Pollution is a universal challenge [but] the good news is that we already know what we need to do to prevent and reduce it,” UNEP Executive Director Erik Solheim said in a statement, stressing that “now the responsibility is on governments, businesses, cities and local authorities, civil society and individuals around the world to commit to act to beat pollution in all its forms.”
- To achieve high level political commitment in key economic sectors, there is a need to go beyond the environmental ministries and include other relevant ministries such as finance, agriculture, industry, urban, transport, energy and health.
- There is also a need to engage the local government, civil society organisations, business leaders, industries, trade unions and citizens at large. Reporting on the progress that comes from acting on pollution – whether through voluntary measures or formal laws – is a crucial step in this transition.
- The report, ‘Towards a pollution-free planet’, was launched during the first Conference of Parties for the Minamata Convention , which addresses mercury issues, and ahead of the annual U.N. Environment Assembly, to be held in early December.
The Minamata Convention , which addresses mercury issues.
Category: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
1. Earthworms may grow in Martian soil, says study
- Scientists show that worms crucial to healthy crops can reproduce in Martian soil
- Scientists have successfully grown earthworms in a Mars soil simulant, an advance that points to the possibility of life and future human colonies on the red planet.
- The two young worms are the first offspring in a Mars soil experiment at Wageningen University & Research Centre in The Netherlands.
- The experiments are crucial in the study that aims to determine whether people can keep themselves alive on the red planet by growing their own crops on Mars soils.
- “To feed future humans on Mars, a sustainable closed agricultural ecosystem is a necessity. Worms will play a crucial role in this system as they break down and recycle dead organic matter,” researchers said.
- Researchers observed the growth of rucola plants in Mars soil simulant provided by NASA, and added worms and pig slurry.
- “Clearly the manure stimulated growth, especially in the Mars soil simulant, and we saw that the worms were active,” said Wieger Wamelink of Wageningen University & Research. “However, the best surprise came at the end of the experiment when we found two young worms in the Mars soil simulant,” said Wamelink.
- Worms are very important for a healthy soil, not only on Earth but also in future indoor gardens on Mars or the Moon.
- They thrive on dead organic matter such as old plant remains, which they eat, chew and mix with soil. By digging burrows, the worms also aerate and improve the structure of the soil, making watering the plants more effective.
- The latter proved to be very important in earlier experiments where water would not easily penetrate the soil. The application of worms will solve this problem, Wamelink said.
- However, further research would be required to understand the growth of such life forms in low gravity conditions.
2. Indonesia: the world’s volcanic hotspot
- The Southeast Asian archipelago is situated on the Pacific “Ring of Fire”, a vast zone of geological instability where the collision of tectonic plates causes frequent quakes and major volcanic activity.
- Indonesia, where more than 40,000 people have been evacuated over fears of an imminent volcanic eruption at Mount Agung on Bali, is the world’s most volcanic area.
- The Southeast Asian archipelago of more than 17,000 islands and islets – and nearly 130 active volcanoes – is situated on the Pacific “Ring of Fire”, a vast zone of geological instability where the collision of tectonic plates causes frequent quakes and major volcanic activity.
3. Infusing technology into education
- With emerging technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data Analytics knocking at India’s doors, the country needs to sow the learning seeds early — in the classroom — and China and Turkey can show the way, top global Intel executives have said.
- The world has realised what is coming its way in the next 10-20 years and has already begun modernising classrooms at schools to prepare a technology-ready workforce.
- “The Chinese and Turkish authorities have given kids IoT-enabled devices in millions of schools. Every student has a device connected to an intelligent whiteboard at the front of the classroom. There are teacher-controlled devices too. The curriculum is designed for that kind of environment. This is the future of education,” Joe D. Jensen, Vice President, Internet of Things (IoT) Group, and General Manager, Retail Solutions Division at Intel, told IANS.
- “Intel has installed 400,000 IoT-enabled connected devices for schools in Turkey, a million-and-a half in Chinese schools and another million to go in China in the next two years,” Jensen informed.
- Technology can do wonders in providing a great educational experience and create a pool of talent for these disrupting technologies.
- “In China, the newest innovation is that there are eight video cameras and a series of microphones in a classroom at certain private schools and colleges. The videos of the classroom activities are recorded daily. Parents can later log on and see the student-teacher interaction,” Jensen told IANS.
- For Lisa Davis, Vice President and General Manager, IT Transformation for Enterprise and Government at Intel, while India is at the cusp of dramatic changes in delivering next-generation education, it is also set to learn new ways to infuse technology in many other sectors.
- “Not just education, we are looking at the financial services, transportation, retail and healthcare sectors too in India. The next big wave is coming in video surveillance and the security sector, and our teams are engaged with the stakeholders in the country,” Davis told .
- Intel has also pushed the envelope towards creating a modern workforce in India.
- In April this year, Intel made a commitment to democratise AI in the country by training 15,000 developers and engage with not just businesses but also the government and academia to enable the adoption of AI.
- Intel India has trained 9,500 developers, students and professors in the past six months.
- The chip giant has collaborated with 40 academic institutions that are using the technology for scientific research and 50 public and private organisations across e-commerce, healthcare, technology, defence, and banking and financial services.
- Intel India has also launched an initiative to strengthen the use of technology in the country’s education ecosystem. It is collaborating with leading device manufacturers, education digital content publishers and education solution providers to build end-to-end solutions that promote the use of technology.
- The company will then help deploy management solutions for schools, classrooms, content and learning, and also manage student information systems.
- “India is at the cusp of a technology boom, but needs training and teaching right from the beginning to prepare a future digital workforce,” Davis stressed.
4. Auto fuel from CO2 emissions
- Researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have developed a new system that could potentially be used for converting power plant emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) into useful fuel for cars, trucks and planes.
- The new method, described in a paper in the journal ChemSusChem , is based on a membrane-based system. The membrane, made of a compound of lanthanum, calcium, and iron oxide, allows oxygen from a stream of carbon dioxide to migrate through to the other side, leaving carbon monoxide behind.
- Carbon monoxide produced during this process can be used as a fuel by itself or combined with hydrogen and/or water to make many other liquid hydrocarbon fuels as well as chemicals including methanol (used as an automotive fuel), the study said.
Nothing here for Today!!!
Nothing here for Today!!!
F. Practice Questions for UPSC Prelims Exam
G. UPSC Mains Practice Questions
GS Paper I
- Discuss the significance of India-Iran-Afghanistan Trilateral.
GS Paper III


Jaffa, Kree!
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It isn't released until Boxing day (dec 26th), so my brother and i are going to the 11pm marathon that night (FOTR and TTT plus heaps of 'cool' trailers, or so the advert goes).  Nothing is better than seeing it with thousands of equally avid fans in the middle of the night.
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Zeeman interaction Hamiltonian and its components.
H = zeeman(SpinSystem, B) H = zeeman(SpinSystem, B, Spins) H = zeeman(SpinSystem, B, Spins, 'sparse') [Zx, Zy, Zz] = zeeman(SpinSystem) [Zx, Zy, Zz] = zeeman(SpinSystem, Spins) [Zx, Zy, Zz] = zeeman(SpinSystem, Spins, 'sparse')
zeeman
calculates the Zeeman interaction Hamiltonian for the spin system given in SpinSystem
.
SpinSystem
is a spin system structure, defining spins and g
values. If Spins
is given, only a part of the spins of the system
is included in the operators. Spins
must then be a row vector of
indices specifying which spins should be included. For a system with n
electron spins, a number between 1 and n indicates electron spins,
and n+1 and above specify nuclear spins, if present.
If a magnetic field vector (in mT) is given in B
, the actual Hamiltonian is returned
If no magnetic field is given, the function returns the three operators involved in constructing the Zeeman interaction Hamiltonian.
These three operators Zx
, Zy
and Zz
are the cartesian components of the vector derivative
,
i.e.
and have to be multiplied by the respective B field components and summed up to get the complete Zeeman interaction Hamiltonian
If 'sparse'
is given as third argument, results are returned in sparse format instead of full format.
All quantities are formulated in the molecular frame, i.e. x refers to the x axis of the molecular frame etc. The three component operators are in units of MHz/mT, and the overall operator is in units of MHz.
For the spin system
ABC = struct('S',1/2,'g',[2.1 2.1 2],'Nucs','14N','A',[1 1 1]);
the full Zeeman Hamiltonian (electron and nucleus) for a given magnetic field along the molecular x axis is
B = [340;0;0]; H = zeeman(ABC,B)
H = 1.0e+03 * 0 -0.0007 0 4.9967 0 0 -0.0007 0 -0.0007 0 4.9967 0 0 -0.0007 0 0 0 4.9967 4.9967 0 0 0 -0.0007 0 0 4.9967 0 -0.0007 0 -0.0007 0 0 4.9967 0 -0.0007 0
For the same spin system, the Zeeman interaction Hamiltonian's x component of the 14N nucleus is
[Zx,Zy,Zz] = zeeman(ABC,2); Zx
Zx = 0 -0.0022 0 0 0 0 -0.0022 0 -0.0022 0 0 0 0 -0.0022 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0022 0 0 0 0 -0.0022 0 -0.0022 0 0 0 0 -0.0022 0
eeint, hfine, nnint, nquad, sham, zfield


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const element = <h1> Hello, world! </h1>
What are the Components?
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<Student />
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Props and State
Components need data to work with. There are two different ways that you
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A React component can be of two types: either a class component or a functional component. The difference between the two is evident from their names.
Class Component
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Mount
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