Getting Started With The STM32F4Discovery
These are my notes on how to setup a development environment for this board, mostly based on these resources:
- How to compile and burn the code to STM32 chip on Linux
- Mastering STM32 by Carmine Noviello
- How to build a “Blink LED” project from STM32CubeMX for ST/Atollic TrueSTUDIO® for STM32™
We’ll talk about how to setup the environment and write the Hello World! of the embedded world: a program that blinks a LED (or several).
The Hardware
The STM32F4Discovery is an inexpensive development board I got a while ago… 3 years or something like that? It’s been collecting dust forever!
The board has the following stuff:
- STM32F407VGT6 ARM Cortex-M4 microcontroller, 1 Mbyte of Flash memory and 192 Kbyte RAM
- a 3-axis ST-MEMS digital accelerometer
- 4 user LEDs
- two push buttons: reset and a user defined
- a digital microphone and an audio DAC
- a ST-LINK/V2 embedded debugger
The part number for this board is STM32F407G-DISCOVERY but it was retired in favor of the STM32F407G-DISC1. The main difference is that the newer STM32F407G-DISC1 has a ST-LINK/V2-A.
The best part about this board is that it’s actually composed of 2 parts:
- the dev board with the STM32
- a ST-LINK/V2 debugger/programmer
This design choice was made more obvious with the next series of board, for example on the Nucleo, you can snap the board in two to separate them.
These documents might be handy at some point, let’s keep them nearby:
- UM1472 User manual - Discovery kit with STM32F407VG MCU
- RM0090 Reference Manual - STM32F407 advanced Arm®-based 32-bit MCUs
- Datasheet - STM32F407xx
The Software Side
When you get started on embedded programming, it’s super easy to get lost in all the available options for software, toolchains, libraries, IDEs and more… And that’s exactly what I did!
~~ A couple of hours later, because I just had to compare all the things in the world ~~
In the end, it boils down to:
- a library (no one wants to recode LED_toggle again and again)
- a compiler that can do ARM binaries
- something to build your project
- something to flash your compiled binary on the board
Now, you can have all of those included in one big thing like an IDE, these are the main ones:
- TrueStudio by ST
- OpenSTM32
- MDK ARM by Keil
Or you can pick and choose each component individually. I’m not a huge fan of IDEs, as they hide too much of the magic happening behind the scenes.
Since I’m doing this to learn, we are going for a barebones installation, with components that I understand:
- STM32CubeMX to generate the project (startup code, linker script, Makefile, main function and libraries installation)
- A library: I’m going with the STM32Cube library which comes with STM32CubeMX. A popular alternative is
libopencm3
which is open source and works on a bunch of Cortex. - a cross compiling toolchain: ie a GCC that can do ARM binaries
- stlink to program the board. Alternatives to stlink: openocd or STM32CubeProg
- a good old Makefile to build a project
On Archlinux, you can install gcc-arm-none-eabi and stlink from the community repository:
sudo pacman -S arm-none-eabi-gcc stlink
And STM32CubeMX is available in AUR:
yay -S stm32cubemx
Bootstrapping The Project
STM32CubeMX is a GUI tool used to bootstrap our tinyblink project, it will do all the boring stuff for us:
- Generate a new project for a variety of toolchains, here we will go with a traditional Makefile
- Generate a configuration for the STM32 microcontroller (What communications interface do you want to enable? What role should have this pin?)
- Download libraries
- Generate the C code for hardware initialization and the main function
See UM1718 User manual - STM32CubeMX for STM32 configuration and initialization C code generation for the full details.
Okay, now run STM32CubeMX and click access to the board selector
:
Part number is STM32F4DISCOVERY, so let’s search for that:
Then hit “start project” in the top-right corner.
In the next pop-up, answer No
, we’ll only blink a LED, we just need access to the GPIOs, no need to add I2C/SPI/USB OTG to the project :p
You should land on the Pinout view. By defaults, all GPIOs will still be configured, clear all pinouts with Ctrl-P
. In the pinout view, click on each pin (for example PD12) and select GPIO Output. You can leave the default settings and just add a User Label for each PIN:
| PIN | User Label |
|---|---|
| PD12 | LD4 [Green Led] |
| PD13 | LD3 [Orange Led] |
| PD14 | LD5 [Red Led] |
| PD15 | LD6 [Blue Led] |
In the Project Manager tab:
- change the toolchain to
Makefile
- fill in the Project Name and the Project Location
When you’re done, click generate code
in the top right hand corner.
If you don’t have it already, the firmware package (here STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.25.0) will be downloaded.
Coding the Code
Let’s have a look at the generated Code then ~~
$ tree -L 2 tinyblink
├── Drivers
│ ├── CMSIS
│ └── STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver
├── Inc // this is where the includes live
│ ├── main.h
│ ├── stm32f4xx_hal_conf.h
│ └── stm32f4xx_it.h
├── Makefile
├── Src // source code goes here
│ ├── main.c
│ ├── stm32f4xx_hal_msp.c // MSP=MCU support package, peripheral system-level initialization (clock, GPIO, DMA, interrupts)
│ ├── stm32f4xx_it.c // interrupt service routines
│ └── system_stm32f4xx.c
├── startup_stm32f407xx.s // vector table directly coded in assembly
├── STM32F407VGTx_FLASH.ld // linker script defines heap/stack size and location
└── tinyblink.ioc
5 directories, 11 files
The whole project is available on https://github.com/shiny-labs/STM32F407VGT6 to check the code from there.
Open Src/main.c
and navigate to the main()
function: (I removed some of the USER CODE comments for clarity)
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
/* Infinite loop */
while (1)
{
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
}
}
Our GPIOs are initialized in the MX_GPIO_Init
function:
/*Configure GPIO pins : LD4_Pin LD3_Pin LD5_Pin LD6_Pin
Audio_RST_Pin */
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = LD4_Pin|LD3_Pin|LD5_Pin|LD6_Pin
|Audio_RST_Pin;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOD, &GPIO_InitStruct);
Now, locate the while
loop in the main()
function. This is where we will add code!
while (1)
{
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
}
Next, we will invoke the function HAL_GPIO_TogglePin
from the HAL library, defined in Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_gpio.c
/**
* @brief Toggles the specified GPIO pins.
* @param GPIOx Where x can be (A..K) to select the GPIO peripheral for STM32F429X device or
* x can be (A..I) to select the GPIO peripheral for STM32F40XX and STM32F427X devices.
* @param GPIO_Pin Specifies the pins to be toggled.
* @retval None
*/
void HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin)
{
/* Check the parameters */
assert_param(IS_GPIO_PIN(GPIO_Pin));
if ((GPIOx->ODR & GPIO_Pin) == GPIO_Pin)
{
GPIOx->BSRR = (uint32_t)GPIO_Pin << GPIO_NUMBER;
}
else
{
GPIOx->BSRR = GPIO_Pin;
}
}
And we can use the constants auto-generated in Inc/main.h
:
/* Private defines -----------------------------------------------------------*/
#define LD4_Pin GPIO_PIN_12
#define LD4_GPIO_Port GPIOD
#define LD3_Pin GPIO_PIN_13
#define LD3_GPIO_Port GPIOD
#define LD5_Pin GPIO_PIN_14
#define LD5_GPIO_Port GPIOD
#define LD6_Pin GPIO_PIN_15
#define LD6_GPIO_Port GPIOD
Remember when I said we were going to blink one LED? I lied. We’re blinking the 4 LEDs available on the board. So our while loop from earlier looks like:
while (1)
{
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(LD4_GPIO_Port, LD4_Pin);
HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(LD3_GPIO_Port, LD3_Pin);
HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(LD5_GPIO_Port, LD5_Pin);
HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(LD6_GPIO_Port, LD6_Pin);
HAL_Delay(200);
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
}
Building
Build the project with:
$ make
Makefile:119: *** missing separator. Stop.
Oopsie, something’s gone wrong with the magically generated Makefile!
# C includes
C_INCLUDES = \
-IInc \
-IDrivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Inc \
-IDrivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy \
-IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Include \
-IDrivers/CMSIS/Include
-IDrivers/CMSIS/Include
Remove the offending duplicated line and try again!
A new directory appears!
$ tree build
build
├── main.d
├── main.lst
├── main.o
[...] // a bunch of .d, .lst and .o
├── tinyblink.bin
├── tinyblink.elf
├── tinyblink.hex
└── tinyblink.map
The .elf is an ARM binary:
$ file build/tinyblink.elf
build/tinyblink.elf: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, EABI5 version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, with debug_info, not stripped
And the .bin is the whole firmware that we will flash:
$ file build/tinyblink.bin
build/tinyblink.bin: data
Flashing
To transfer our new firmware into the microcontroller, let’s use the ST-LINK/V2 programmer embedded in the board along with the stlink software.
You should have this when plugging in the mini USB cable:
$ lsusb
[...]
Bus 002 Device 019: ID 0483:3748 STMicroelectronics ST-LINK/V2
Check that the st-info
command finds your programmer correctly:
$ sudo st-info --probe
Found 1 stlink programmers
serial:<PHONE_NUMBER>30303030303031
hla-serial: "\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x31"
flash: 1048576 (pagesize: 16384)
sram: 196608
chipid: 0x0413
descr: F4xx
Bonus: the COM LED should blink in red/green.
Flash a program:
$ st-flash write build/tinyblink.bin 0x8000000
st-flash 1.6.1
2020-07-05T09:16:34 INFO common.c: F4xx: 192 KiB SRAM, 1024 KiB flash in at least 16 KiB pages.
file build/tinyblink.bin md5 checksum: 4a434ae6f8dbbed7bc6172c11acedbd, stlink checksum: 0x000604bc
2020-07-05T09:16:34 INFO common.c: Attempting to write 4276 (0x10b4) bytes to stm32 address: 134217728 (0x8000000)
EraseFlash - Sector:0x0 Size:0x4000 2020-07-05T09:16:34 INFO common.c: Flash page at addr: 0x08000000 erased
2020-07-05T09:16:34 INFO common.c: Finished erasing 1 pages of 16384 (0x4000) bytes
2020-07-05T09:16:34 INFO common.c: Starting Flash write for F2/F4/L4
2020-07-05T09:16:34 INFO flash_loader.c: Successfully loaded flash loader in sram
enabling 32-bit flash writes
size: 4276
2020-07-05T09:16:35 INFO common.c: Starting verification of write complete
2020-07-05T09:16:35 INFO common.c: Flash written and verified! jolly good!
If you have the Flash written and verified! jolly good!
, then you are good to go.

Victory /o/ That’s all for today, stay safe gentlepeople.


Mpd 5.9 User Manual
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Device Types
Previous:
Web server
Next:
Modem type commands
5. Device Types
5.1.
Modem type commands
5.2.
Netgraph device type commands
5.3.
TCP device type commands
5.4.
UDP device type commands
5.5.
PPTP device type commands
5.6.
L2TP device type commands
5.7.
PPPoE device type commands
Mpd 5.9 User Manual
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EastEnders confirms first look at Lee Carter return as disaster strikes Walford
EastEnders spoiler pictures have confirmed a first look at Lee Carter's return to Walford this Christmas
by Irishmirror.ieEastEnders has confirmed details about Lee Carter's big return to Walford, over two years on from his exit from the BBC soap.
Actor Danny Hatchard is reprising the role for a guest stint, as part of on-screen mum Linda Carter's devastating new storyline.
Linda's battle with alcohol will escalate in the coming scenes, leaving her in danger - and leaving her family including husband Mick distraught.
As she continues to act out, unable to stop drinking, she ends up clashing with residents including Ruby Allen.
But when the character goes missing, her family including son Lee are worried.
On Christmas Eve, Linda will head out of the pub to the Square gardens where she drinks alone.
Falling asleep in the freezing conditions, will she be okay?
It comes after Mick's attempts to stop his wife drinking leave her exploding at him.
The following day she hits rock bottom, while it's clear she doesn't return to the pub as the Carters panic.
As the day goes on with Linda nowhere to be seen, her family grow seriously worried for her.
Lee makes his return unaware of the unfolding situation at first, making his comeback for the festive period.
But events soon take their toll, with Mick suffering from a panic attack.
Recent spoilers confirmed Linda would "spiral dangerously out of control" this Christmas, leaving her in a desperate situation.
There was also pictures from filming on location, that appeared to show the character being kidnapped by Martin Fowler, who was shown waving a gun around.
No details about the storyline have been confirmed, so viewers will have to stay tuned.
EastEnders airs Mondays an Fridays at 8pm, and Tuesdays and Thursdays at 7:30pm on BBC One.


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builder and interceptors. |
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| Class Summary | |
|---|---|
| AbstractExtensionPoint | Base class for extension points; provides module, visibility and extensionPointId properties. |
| AbstractMessages | Abstract base class for implementations of Messages . |
| AttributeImpl | Implementation of Attribute . |
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LocationHolder . |
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container for Contribution s. |
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around objects that can provide values that plug into an extension point. |
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| ErrorLogImpl | |
| InterceptorStackImpl | Implementation of the InterceptorStack interface; localizes
error checking in one place. |
| InvokeFactoryServiceConstructor | Constructs a new service by invoking methods on another service (which implements the
ServiceImplementationFactory interface. |
| JavaTypeUtils | Holds a utility method that converts java type names (as they might appear in source code) into JVM class names. |
| LocationImpl | Implementation of the Location interface. |
| MessageFinderImpl | |
| MessageFormatter | A wrapper around ResourceBundle that makes it easier to access and format
messages. |
| ModuleImpl | Implementation of Module . |
| ModuleMessages | An implementation of Messages that obtains messages from a
MessageFinder , in a locale provided by the
ThreadLocale service. |
| ProxyBuilder | Class used to assist service extension points in creating proxies. |
| ProxyUtils | Contains some common code used to create proxies that defer to a service model method for thier service. |
| RegistryAssemblyImpl | Implementation of RegistryAssembly . |
| RegistryBuilder | Class used to build a Registry from individual
ModuleDescriptor . |
| RegistryImpl | Implementation of Registry that delegates to an instance of
RegistryInfrastructure . |
| RegistryInfrastructureConstructor | Fed a series of ModuleDescriptor s, this class will assemble
them into a final RegistryInfrastructure as well as perform
some validations. |
| RegistryInfrastructureImpl | Implementation of RegistryInfrastructure . |
| SchemaProcessorImpl | Used to assemble all the Contribution s contributed to an
ConfigurationPoint while converting the XML (represented as
Element s into Java objects. |
| ServiceImplementationFactoryParametersImpl | Wrapper around a ServicePoint and a List of parameters,
passed to a ServiceImplementationFactory . |
| ServiceInterceptorContributionImpl | Implementation of ServiceInterceptorContribution . |
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| ShutdownCoordinatorImpl | Manages a list of objects that implement the
RegistryShutdownListener interface. |
| StartupImpl | Startup service for the HiveMind Registry. |
| StrictErrorHandler | An implementation of ErrorHandler that
throws an ApplicationRuntimeException
instead of logging an error. |
| SymbolExpander | A simple parser used to identify symbols in a string and expand them via a
SymbolSource . |
| SystemPropertiesSymbolSource | Implementation of SymbolSource that
accesses System.getProperty(java.lang.String) . |
| TranslatorContribution | A contribution to the hivemind.Translators
configuration point. |
| TranslatorManager | Manages translators for RegistryInfrastructureImpl . |
| XmlModuleDescriptorProvider | Implementation of the ModuleDescriptorProvider interface which uses the
DescriptorParser to provide module descriptors defined in XML. |
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{% extends "todo/base.html" %}
{% block content %}
Life is fun. But life is also busy. There's a million different things you could be doing. But what matters is what you do. We created Will to help you make sense of all of your opportunities and live that life that matters most to you. Your new organized life awaits.
Start


--- layout: default footerlogos: yes title: "Speaker" lang: en ---
Markus is project lead of DARIAH-DE and is an expert in the domain of Digital Humanities and Open Science. He engages with Open Data in Science and Culture and is especially curious about the visibility of open content. He holds a PhD German Philology, worked at the University of Göttingen and developed Open Science business models in publishing. He also supports the volunteer platform refugeephrasebook.de with webdesign and coordination.
Markus will hold a workshop on 29.04.2017 about analysis and visualization of texts.
Program for the second day


I am Abhay pratap singh and i am creator of that websites so basically, I am passinate frontend devloper in ANGULAR
my Aim to create this web_application is to perform some basic operation in mathmatics and some other basic kids_knowledge
and kids also make a to-do list in this application and they can some fun with some pages in this websites...
and I will do some updation in future in that application and this web application made in javascript and designed by css....
You can do in this application some basic mathmatics operation on the some number that means you can cheack the factorial number
and you can cheack the armstrong number and you can check palindrome number and leap year also etc...
and in other section kids can practice on some names like body_parts name and fruitsname and metal_names and state_name etc....


JamesBell Bank chambers & Associates 13 Dale House London SE16 2PT United Kingdom Hello, I am James L Bell an attorney to MOHAMED KAMAL YASSER , a deceased Immigrant. Property magnate, who was based in the U.K., Also referred to as my client.On the 25th of July 2000, my client, his wife and their two Children died in the Air France concord plane crash bound for New York in their plan for a world cruise, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/859479.stm since then I have been managing his properties here in the U.K. and some of his properties, which he put out for sale. which I monitored the payment as his attorney, has been bought and paid for. Now the money paid was deposited to A SECURITY AND FINANCE here. I have contacted you to assist in repatriating the money and property left behind by my client before they get confiscated or declared unserviceable by his FIRM particularly, the SECURITY AND FINANCE has issued me a notice to provide any of his next of kin or have the account confiscated within a short time. My late client has depositedt 18.5 million dollars. Since I have been unsuccessful in locating the relatives for some time now, and with the FIRM giving me deadline, I now seek your consent to present you as the next of kin of the deceased, so that the proceeds of HE deposited valued at 18.5 million dollars can be paid to you And then you and I can share the money. 50% to me and 40% for you and 10% for miscellaneous expenses that might arise. I have all necessary information that can be used to back up any Claim we may make. All I require is your honest co-operation to enable us seeing this deal through. I Guarantee that this will be executed under a legitimate arrangement that will Protect you from any breach of the law. Trust me, as his attorney, this is a Risk free business relationship. Please get in touch with me by my email address: And send me your full names and address, telephone and fax numbers to enable us discuss further. Best regards, James Bell


Spark Release 1.2.2
Spark 1.2.2 is a maintenance release containing stability fixes. This release is based on the branch-1.2 maintenance branch of Spark. We recommend all 1.2.1 users to upgrade to this stable release. Contributions to this release came from 39 developers.
To download Spark 1.2.2 visit the downloads page.
Fixes
Spark 1.2.2 contains bug fixes in several components. Some of the more important fixes are highlighted below. You can visit the Spark issue tracker for the full list of fixes.
Spark Core
- Thread safety problem in Netty shuffle (SPARK-6578)
- Memory leak in JobProgressListener (SPARK-5967)
- Unable to launch on YARN 2.5.0 and later (SPARK-4267)
- YARN auxiliary shuffle issue in secure mode (SPARK-5655)
PySpark
- Jobs hang during
collect
operation (SPARK-6667)
- Zip fails with serializer error (SPARK-5973)
- Memory leak using Spark SQL with PySpark (SPARK-6055)
- Hanging when using large broadcast variables (SPARK-5363)
Contributors
The following developers contributed to this release:
- Andrew Or – Bug fixes in Core and YARN
- Andrew Rowson – Bug fixes in YARN
- Anselme Vignon – Bug fixes in SQL
- Brennon York – Bug fixes in GraphX
- Cheng Hao – Bug fixes in Core
- Cheolsoo Park – Bug fixes in YARN
- Davies Liu – Improvements in PySpark; bug fixes in Streaming, Core, SQL, and PySpark; documentation in Core and PySpark
- Emre Sevinc – Documentation in Core and MLlib; improvement in Core
- Gen TANG – Bug fixes in EC2
- Hari Shreedharan – Bug fixes in Streaming
- Hung Lin – Bug fixes in scheduler
- Iulian Dragos – Test in Streaming
- Jacek Lewandowski – Bug fixes in Core
- Jesper Lundgren – Bug fixes in Streaming
- Josh Rosen – Bug fixes in Java API, Streaming, tests, and Core
- Kashish Jain – Bug fixes in YARN
- Kay Ousterhout – Bug fixes in Core and SQL
- Kousuke Saruta – Improvements in Streaming and tests
- Li Zhihui – Documentation in Core
- Manoj Kumar – Improvements in MLlib
- Matt Cheah – Bug fixes in Core
- Michael Nazario – Bug fixes in PySpark
- Mingyu Kim – Bug fixes in Core
- Nathan McCarthy – Bug fixes in Core
- Nicholas Chammas – Bug fixes in EC2
- Peng Xu – Documentation in Core
- Reynold Xin – Bug fixes in Core
- Ryan Williams – Improvements in Core
- Sean Owen – Improvements in EC2; bug fixes in Core, tests, YARN, Streaming, scheduler, and Web UI
- Shixiong Zhu – Improvements in Shuffle
- Tathagata Das – Bug fixes in Streaming and Web UI
- Venkata Ramana Gollamudi – Improvement in Core
- Vladimir Grigor – Bug fixes in EC2
- Wang Tao – Bug fixes in Core
- Winston Chen – Bug fixes in PySpark
- Yin Huai – Bug fixes in SQL
- Yuhao Yang – Bug fixes in MLlib
- Zhan Zhang – Bug fixes in Core
- Zhang, Liye – Bug fixes in Core
Thanks to everyone who contributed!
Spark News Archive


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Almost every website follows some sort of grid structure to lay out the different elements that make up the page. Grid based design enables the developer to use CSS to control how wide these elements are and how they're arranged.
There are many different ways people browse the web - some use computers or laptops, others use tablets or their phones. As a result the screen size and orientation that webpages are looked at varies widely. Responsive webpages are webpages that can change to fit the screen they are being viewed on. This is awesome news for user friendliness and can make for a happy website experience.
'Semantic' is relating to meaning in language or logic. In web development, when building a website, a semantic structure can be created by using html tags. The tags used to structure the content are used in relation to the meaning of the content. For example the 'p' tag in html is used to show that the enclosed content is a paragragh. Another example is the 'nav' tag which is used to for navigation elements such as global links.


GOOD SIGNS
I found myself attracted to neon light sign design. Stardust Diner in Time Square is a nice combination of futurism and nostalgia. It sits naturally in the uncanny maximalism of Times Square.
Dublin house’s Neon Harp sign in Manhattan’s upper west side stands out with its beautiful Neon green and red colours.
BAD SIGNS
This is chaos: Push, pull, please, this arrow, that arrow. Stop here? Where?! A stressful welcome.
This cluster of signs for Rainbow Body care also caught my attention. The poor information organization and lack of visual hierarchy causes me fatigue.


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Back-end Sorcerer
Dustin Graham
Project Lead


This reference provides guidance on unit tests and end-to-end tests in SKY UX projects. The continuous integration layer of SKY UX runs unit tests, visual regression tests, and end-to-end tests in multiple platforms and browsers when the SPA code changes or when an SPA dependency releases a new version. It also handles staging the SPA for additional testing and validation.
For information about unit tests, see unit tests.
For information about end-to-end tests, see end-to-end tests.
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Hello, welcome to my website. This is a project that I started to learn web development. The project has come a long way in the last three years, and it's still a work in progress. If you want to see how bad I was at first, you can dig up earlier versions of this project in my GitHub profile. The story of this website is the story of my efforts to learn software development. About four years ago, I had plateued in my career, and I started looking for new challenges. At the time, there was a growing trend toward coding bootcamps. I had done some coding back in the day in the old BASIC language, and I thought I would give it a shot.
Although there are easier ways to build a personal website, doing it myself has been the most effective for learning. Companies such as Squarespace and Wordpress allow you to quickly construct a personal website. For a little bit more control, one could deploy a content management system using Netifly. As useful as those products are, I have found that nothing reinforces learning than doing it myself. Writing my own robots.txt and CNAME files helps me remember what those files do. Besides, it's not terribly hard to copy and paste some HTML and CSS code from W3 Schools and Bootstrap.
A secondary purpose of this website is to house my blog and photos. At various points, I have abandoned this do-it-yourself website in favor of commercial website services such as Squarespace and WordPress. However, each time that I have signed up, I was ultimately dissatisfied with what they offered. A somewhat related problem is the privacy protections of Instagram. Although I have an Instagram account, I generally do not post there because I distrust the Facebook overlords. So this website also houses my pictures.
I have definitely learned a lot on this project. I learned about the First and Second Browser Wars, WebKit and browser engines, DNS settings, and flexboxes. I'm still mastering that last one. In any event, it's been fun.
I would say that I love getting email from fans, but no one has ever sent me anything. Please feel free to contact me if you want. My Twitter profile is in the footer below, and you can find me on LinkedIn effortlessly.


public class GameViewController
extends java.lang.Object
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
GameViewController(javafx.scene.Group root)
Starts the GameViewController view controller which start by asking the game mode.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
ButtonView |
getButtonRotation()
Returns the
Rotation Button instance. |
ButtonView |
getDiscardButton()
Returns the discard
Button instance. |
Game |
getGame()
Returns the
Game associated to the GameViewController . |
javafx.scene.Group |
getRoot()
Returns the root
Group of JavaFX. |
void |
setButtonRotation(ButtonView buttonRotation)
Sets the
Rotation Button instance. |
void |
setDiscardButton(ButtonView discardButton)
Sets the discard
Button instance. |
void |
setGame(Game game)
Sets the
Game associated to the GameViewController . |
void |
setRoot(javafx.scene.Group root)
Sets the root
Group of JavaFX. |
void |
showRotationButtonAndAssociatedPossibilities(Domino previousDomino,
Domino domino,
DominoesList newDominoesList)
Shows a button to make rotate a domino.
|
public GameViewController(javafx.scene.Group root)
root
- Group
root of the JavaFX view.askGameMode()
public void showRotationButtonAndAssociatedPossibilities(Domino previousDomino, Domino domino, DominoesList newDominoesList)
Domino
places. And shows discard button also.public javafx.scene.Group getRoot()
Group
of JavaFX.Group
of JavaFX.public void setRoot(javafx.scene.Group root)
Group
of JavaFX.root
- The root Group
of JavaFX to be set.public Game getGame()
Game
associated to the GameViewController
.Game
associated to the GameViewController
.public void setGame(Game game)
Game
associated to the GameViewController
.game
- The Game
associated to the GameViewController
.public ButtonView getButtonRotation()
Rotation
Button
instance.Rotation
Button
instance.public void setButtonRotation(ButtonView buttonRotation)
Rotation
Button
instance.buttonRotation
- The Rotation
Button
instance to be set.public ButtonView getDiscardButton()
Button
instance.Button
instance.public void setDiscardButton(ButtonView discardButton)
Button
instance.discardButton
- The discard Button
instance to be set.


Setting the block size parameter for the LAPACK's LU might seem like a trivial matter at first. But in practice, it requires a lot of tuning for various precisions and matrix sizes. Many users end up leaving the setting unchanged, even if the tuning has to be done only once at installation. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that not just one but many LAPACK routines use a blocking parameter.
Another issue with LAPACK's formulation of LU is the factorization of tall and narrow panels of columns performed by the DGETF2 routine. It uses Level-1 BLAS and was found to become a bottleneck as the processors became faster throughout the 1990s without corresponding increases in memory bandwidth.
A solution came from a rather unlikely direction: divide-and-conquer recursion. In place of LAPACK's looping constructs, the newer recursive LU algorithm splits the work in half, factorizes the left part of the matrix, updates the rest of the matrix, and factorizes the right part. The use of Level-1 BLAS is reduced to an acceptable minimum, and most of the calls to Level-3 BLAS operate on larger portions of the matrix than LAPACK's algorithm. And, of course, the block size does not have to be tuned anymore.
Recursive LU required the use of Fortran 90, which was the first Fortran standard to allow recursive subroutines. A side effect of using Fortran 90 was the increased importance of the LDA parameter, the leading dimension of A. It allows more flexible use of the subroutine, as well as performance tuning for cases when matrix dimension m would cause memory bank conflicts that could significantly reduce available memory bandwidth.
The Fortran 90 compilers use the LDA parameter to avoid copying the data into a contiguous buffer when calling external routines, such as one of the BLAS. Without LDA, the compiler has to assume the worst-case scenario when input matrix a is not contiguous and needs to be copied to a temporary contiguous buffer so the call to BLAS does not end up with an out-of-bands memory access. With LDA, the compiler passes array pointers to BLAS without any copies.
Example 14-4 shows recursive LU factorization.
|
Code View: Scroll / Show All recursive subroutine rdgetrf(m, n, a, lda, ipiv, info) implicit none integer, intent(in) :: m, n, lda double precision, intent(inout) :: a(lda,*) integer, intent(out) :: ipiv(*) integer, intent(out) :: info integer :: mn, nleft, nright, i double precision :: tmp double precision :: pone, negone, zero parameter (pone=1.0d0) parameter (negone=-1.0d0) parameter (zero=0.0d0) intrinsic min integer idamax external dgemm, dtrsm, dlaswp, idamax, dscal mn = min(m, n) if (mn .gt. 1) then nleft = mn / 2 nright = n - nleft call rdgetrf(m, nleft, a, lda, ipiv, info) if (info .ne. 0) return call dlaswp(nright, a(1, nleft+1), lda, 1, nleft, ipiv, 1) call dtrsm('L', 'L', 'N', 'U', nleft, nright, pone, a, lda, $ a(1, nleft+1), lda) call dgemm('N', 'N', m-nleft, nright, nleft, negone, $ a(nleft+1,1) , lda, a(1, nleft+1), lda, pone, $ a(nleft+1, nleft+1), lda) call rdgetrf(m - nleft, nright, a(nleft+1, nleft+1), lda, $ ipiv(nleft+1), info) if (info .ne. 0) then info = info + nleft return end if do i =nleft+1, m ipiv(i) = ipiv(i) + nleft end do call dlaswp(nleft, a, lda, nleft+1, mn, ipiv, 1) else if (mn .eq. 1) then i = idamax(m, a, 1) ipiv(1) = i tmp = a(i, 1) if (tmp .ne. zero .and. tmp .ne. -zero) then call dscal(m, pone/tmp, a, 1) a(i,1) = a(1,1) a(1,1) = tmp else info = 1 end if end if return end |
There is a certain degree of elegance in the recursive variant. No loops are exposed in the routine. Instead, the algorithm is driven by the recursive nature of the method (see the paper by F. G. Gustavson listed under "Further Reading").
The Recursive LU Algorithm consists of four basic steps, illustrated in Figure 14-2:
Apply the LU algorithm to the left part.
Most of the work is performed in the matrix multiplications, which operate on successive matrices of size n/2, n/4, n/8, etc. The implementation in Example 14-4 can show about a 10 percent improvement in performance over the LAPACK implementation given in Example 14-3.
In a sense, any of the previous renditions of the LU algorithm could be considered a step backward in terms of code elegance. But divide-and-conquer recursion was a tremendous leap forward (even dismissing the modest performance gains). The recursive algorithm for matrix factorization can now be taught to students alongside other recursive algorithms, such as various kinds of sorting methods.
By changing just the size of matrix parts, it is possible to achieve the same memory access pattern as in LINPACK or LAPACK. Setting nleft to 1 makes the code operate on vectors, just as in LINPACK, whereas setting nleft to NB>1 makes it behave like LAPACK's blocked code. In both cases, the original recursion deteriorates from divide-and-conquer to the tail kind. The behavior of such variations of the recursive algorithm can be studied alongside a Quicksort algorithm with various partitioning schemes of the sorted array.
Finally, we leave as an exercise to the reader to try to mimic the recursive code without using recursion and without explicitly handling the recursive call stack—an important problem to solve if the Fortran compiler cannot handle recursive functions or subroutines.


4/10 email
(ed.: A draft is circulating that will clarify more the details. It is currently under review and should be adopted next week sometime.)
As you know, CUNY's Board of Trustees has instituted an option for students taking courses by distance education in the Spring 2020 semester to request either a Pass/Fail or a Credit/No Credit option for grades in any course this semester. The message below, drafted by Registrar Kerri Gerson offers guidance to students considering these options. I know that not all of our departments and faculty agree with this policy, and there are justifiably concerns about how electing these options may impact students in areas eligibility for graduate programs and certifications. Nonetheless, it is a CUNY policy and as such we are bound by it. We are expecting more information from CUNY on these options and how they will impact our students and policies. In the meantime, we can discuss these policies at the next Faculty/Staff town hall, tentatively scheduled during club hours next Thursday, April 16.
Sincerely
Michael Parrish Provost and Senior VP for Academic Affairs ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Dear Students, The City University of New York's Board of Trustees has recently approved a flexible grading policy for the spring 2020 semester. You now have the option of choosing Pass/Fail (P/F) until May 14, 2020 for elective courses. To do this, please fill out the form: Application for Pass Fail Option Additionally, after final grades for the Spring 2020 semester are posted, you will have the option of choosing Credit/No Credit (CR/NC) for individual graded courses in CUNYfirst until June 25, 2020. If you choose this option, a grade of CR will be awarded for any course you received an A-D in, and a grade of NC will be awarded for any course you received an F in.
Here are some important points to consider when making your decision about CR/NC: Once selected, the CR/NC option cannot be reversed. Courses taken for a letter grade will continue to be included in the semester and general GPA, while courses taken for a Credit/Non-credit grade will be excluded, just as is the case with such courses taken at a student’s home institution. If a student exercises the option of Credit/No Credit, the No Credit (NC) grade will not negatively impact the student’s satisfactory progress toward degree completion. We know that you may have questions regarding the implications of choosing these options, so we will be providing further guidance soon. In the meantime, if you have any questions, please email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Wishing you all good health,
The Office of the Provost/Academic Affairs


Yommee Pizzeria is a new player in the food & drinks industry.
Delicious pizza straight from the oven!Finger-lickin' good!


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(Hopefully) helpful
stuff for the good people
of the digital
Renaissance
(Hopefully) helpful
stuff for the good people
of the digital
Renaissance


My cute little box car, Chuck, came with an owners manual. Inside this little book, it lists all the mileage intervals when Chuck should be serviced. At 30,000 miles, you replace the spark plugs, rotate tires, inspect the brakes, etc. In addition to these checklists, every 5000 miles Chuck beeps at me and flashes a maintenance light to warn me that I should replace the engine oil. As my car nears 50,000 miles, it never ceases to amaze me that every time I turn the key, Chuck starts up instantly and runs as well as he did when I first got him. I wish software could be as reliable as my car. Heck, if it's too much to ask for software to be as reliable as a Toyota, then I wish software could be as reliable as a mid-90's Chevy Cavalier. How could it be that an engine that explodes thousands of times per minute for multiple decades over hundreds of thousands of miles in all types of unpredictable weather conditions be more reliable than software? Then it hit me. Software applications lack regular maintenance.
Even with the best development practices, I feel that many software projects are missing this concept of maintenance. Once a feature is completed, it won't be touched again until a) the feature breaks, or b) requirement changes affect the feature. There doesn't seem to be a holistic look at the entire app to make sure there aren't future problem spots. Going back to the car analogy, when you go for regular maintenance, the entire car is checked over to identify future problem spots so you don't have an unexpected catastrophe on the road.
So like Chuck's owner's manual, I propose the following "Software Maintenance Schedule":
Anytime code is changed, no matter how seemingly innoculous the change is, there is room for error.
The daily tasks are ones that are too bulky to run per file save. They're good for ensuring the consistency of the entire system.
I like to have the staging environment closely reflect the actual production environment. In fact, the ideal way is to have the staging environment be cloned nightly from production. Take care to scrub out sensitive information so you don't accidentally mass email your live production users ;)
The end of the week is a good time to step back from coding and admire your team's handiwork. Unfocus your eyes, take your hands off the keyboard and just make sure you wrote what you actually intended.
I don't think releasing into production weekly is for everyone, but I do believe that keeping your stable production codebase closely in sync with your stable development codebase is a good way to keep production bugs from queueing into a nasty long list.
Tools like Hoptoad and New Relic RPM are a great way to be notified about potential future problems.
Testing a deployment from scratch is useful in making sure that if a new developer comes on, he can bootstrap the app. I like writing new automation tasks only after I notice the tasks being repetitive. It's good not to do this all the time and cut into development time.
Do these tasks before you actually overwrite your current production codebase with new code.
It's easy to stick with a working system and keep developing off on top of an understood foundtain. However, in doing so, you might be missing out on some really useful innovations that have been released. For Coupa, we don't slot in infrastructure and tech stack projects into every release, but we do upgrade Rails and Passenger every other stable release or so. Keeping up with your programming community helps you and your project stay up to date on the latest security and performance problems.
I think all my guidelines are common sense items that good development teams already do. What worries me is that there isn't a good convention about how often these tasks are done. After all, it's much easier to check for problems when the maintenance light comes on, rather than to wait for your engine to fall out.


/**
* I am a programmer,
* so I write some code as The first gift in 2017.
*/
Boy i = new Boy("Prince of AlexZ33");
Girl u = new Girl("Princess of SunXian");
// March 24, 2017, I fall in love with you.
i.love(u);
// March 24, 2017, We were together.
// you accepted and became my girlfriend eversince.
u.accepted();
// I miss u every day.
i.miss(u);
// And Try to take care of you and our love.
i.takeCareOf(u);
// I'm not good at lip service,
// but I'll be there when you need me.
i.notGoodAt(sweet);
// I'm not romantic,
// But I'll be nice to you.
i.notGoodAt(romantic);
// And I hope to hold your hand and grow old together with you.
i.hope();
i.liveHappilyWith(u);
* I am a programmer,
* so I write some code as The first gift in 2017.
*/
Boy i = new Boy("Prince of AlexZ33");
Girl u = new Girl("Princess of SunXian");
// March 24, 2017, I fall in love with you.
i.love(u);
// March 24, 2017, We were together.
// you accepted and became my girlfriend eversince.
u.accepted();
// I miss u every day.
i.miss(u);
// And Try to take care of you and our love.
i.takeCareOf(u);
// I'm not good at lip service,
// but I'll be there when you need me.
i.notGoodAt(sweet);
// I'm not romantic,
// But I'll be nice to you.
i.notGoodAt(romantic);
// And I hope to hold your hand and grow old together with you.
i.hope();
i.liveHappilyWith(u);
Princess of SunXian, I have fallen in love with you for
Love u forever and ever.
- Prince of Dama


Bad Troll Studios
Home
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Bad Troll Studios
Bludgeoning the envelope
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About The Bad Troll
Hi there, my name is Nik and I'm a self taught software engineer. During my time with Free Code Camp I have learnt html5, css, bootstrap, javascript and jquery.
Portfolio
Some of my recent work
Contact
Email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Free Code Camp
Github
Facebook


Required Files
- active_support/core_ext/module/delegation
- factory_girl/errors
- factory_girl/association_runner
- factory_girl/strategy
- factory_girl/registry
- factory_girl/null_factory
- factory_girl/null_object
- factory_girl/factory
- factory_girl/attribute_assigner
- factory_girl/evaluator
- factory_girl/evaluator_class_definer
- factory_girl/attribute
- factory_girl/callback
- factory_girl/declaration_list
- factory_girl/declaration
- factory_girl/sequence
- factory_girl/attribute_list
- factory_girl/trait
- factory_girl/aliases
- factory_girl/definition
- factory_girl/definition_proxy
- factory_girl/syntax
- factory_girl/find_definitions
- factory_girl/reload
- factory_girl/deprecated
- factory_girl/version
- factory_girl/rails2
Classes and Modules
- MODULE FactoryGirl


The New Set-up
Due to injuring my back in the Tug-O-War I didn't want to sleep on the couch. I decided to sleep on the floor to try to help my back recover. This had the added bonus of getting me further away from the filing cabinet of doom. This worked fairly well except for when someone turned on the lights in the hallway at 2 in the morning. I was pretty sure that I was about to get pranked and i couldn't go back to sleep for almost an hour. I have accepted at this point that someone will prank me this week. I have drawn too much attention to myself with this blog. It isn't a question of "if" any more, it is a question of "when".
Paranoia and Showers
A lot of people have asked me if I am showering during this. I am going to try to discuss showering in a way that doesn't give away when or where I do it so I don't give my wannabe captors any hints. I do shower every day. It is the most stressful part of my day. I do it alone and at a different time every night. There is usually just cleaning crew around on campus but I still enter a heightened state of paranoia every time I walk through the hallways. Today I was walking back to ETLC outside when I heard footsteps and talking behind me. It was probably just cleaning staff but I couldn't be sure so I just turned a corner and walked in a random direction until I was safe. The whole experience is very stressful and I do not enjoy it at all.
STATS
Physical Strength: 4
Mental Strength: 6
Energy: 4
Optimism: 9
Hair Poof Level: Nicolas Cage