INITRD
Section: Linux Programmer's Manual (4)
Updated: 2010-09-04
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NAME
initrd - boot loader initialized RAM disk
CONFIGURATION
The
/dev/initrd
is a read-only block device assigned
major number 1 and minor number 250.
Typically
/dev/initrd
is owned by
root.disk
with mode 0400 (read access by root only).
If the Linux system does not have
/dev/initrd
already created, it can be created with the following commands:
mknod -m 400 /dev/initrd b 1 250
chown root:disk /dev/initrd
Also, support for both "RAM disk" and "Initial RAM disk"
(e.g.,
CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM=y
and
CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD=y)
must be compiled directly into the Linux kernel to use
/dev/initrd.
When using
/dev/initrd,
the RAM disk driver cannot be loaded as a module.
DESCRIPTION
The special file
/dev/initrd
is a read-only block device.
This device is a RAM disk that is initialized (e.g., loaded)
by the boot loader before the kernel is started.
The kernel then can use
/dev/initrd's
contents for a two-phase system boot-up.
In the first boot-up phase, the kernel starts up
and mounts an initial root filesystem from the contents of
/dev/initrd
(e.g., RAM disk initialized by the boot loader).
In the second phase, additional drivers or other modules
are loaded from the initial root device's contents.
After loading the additional modules, a new root filesystem
(i.e., the normal root filesystem) is mounted from a
different device.
Boot-up operation
When booting up with
initrd,
the system boots as follows:
- 1.
-
The boot loader loads the kernel program and
/dev/initrd's
contents into memory.
- 2.
-
On kernel startup,
the kernel uncompresses and copies the contents of the device
/dev/initrd
onto device
/dev/ram0
and then frees the memory used by
/dev/initrd.
- 3.
-
The kernel then read-write mounts the device
/dev/ram0
as the initial root filesystem.
- 4.
-
If the indicated normal root filesystem is also the initial
root filesystem (e.g.,
/dev/ram0)
then the kernel skips to the last step for the usual boot sequence.
- 5.
-
If the executable file
/linuxrc
is present in the initial root filesystem,
/linuxrc
is executed with UID 0.
(The file
/linuxrc
must have executable permission.
The file
/linuxrc
can be any valid executable, including a shell script.)
- 6.
-
If
/linuxrc
is not executed or when
/linuxrc
terminates, the normal root filesystem is mounted.
(If
/linuxrc
exits with any filesystems mounted on the initial root
filesystem, then the behavior of the kernel is
UNSPECIFIED.
See the NOTES section for the current kernel behavior.)
- 7.
-
If the normal root filesystem has a directory
/initrd,
the device
/dev/ram0
is moved from
/
to
/initrd.
Otherwise, if the directory
/initrd
does not exist, the device
/dev/ram0
is unmounted.
(When moved from
/
to
/initrd,
/dev/ram0
is not unmounted and therefore processes can remain running from
/dev/ram0.
If directory
/initrd
does not exist on the normal root filesystem
and any processes remain running from
/dev/ram0
when
/linuxrc
exits, the behavior of the kernel is
UNSPECIFIED.
See the NOTES section for the current kernel behavior.)
- 8.
-
The usual boot sequence (e.g., invocation of
/sbin/init)
is performed on the normal root filesystem.
Options
The following boot loader options, when used with
initrd,
affect the kernel's boot-up operation:
- initrd=filename
-
Specifies the file to load as the contents of
/dev/initrd.
For
LOADLIN
this is a command-line option.
For
LILO
you have to use this command in the
LILO
configuration file
/etc/lilo.config.
The filename specified with this
option will typically be a gzipped filesystem image.
- noinitrd
-
This boot option disables the two-phase boot-up operation.
The kernel performs the usual boot sequence as if
/dev/initrd
was not initialized.
With this option, any contents of
/dev/initrd
loaded into memory by the boot loader contents are preserved.
This option permits the contents of
/dev/initrd
to be any data and need not be limited to a filesystem image.
However, device
/dev/initrd
is read-only and can be read only one time after system startup.
- root=device-name
-
Specifies the device to be used as the normal root filesystem.
For
LOADLIN
this is a command-line option.
For
LILO
this is a boot time option or
can be used as an option line in the
LILO
configuration file
/etc/lilo.config.
The device specified by the this option must be a mountable
device having a suitable root filesystem.
Changing the normal root filesystem
By default,
the kernel's settings
(e.g., set in the kernel file with
rdev(8)
or compiled into the kernel file),
or the boot loader option setting
is used for the normal root filesystems.
For an NFS-mounted normal root filesystem, one has to use the
nfs_root_name
and
nfs_root_addrs
boot options to give the NFS settings.
For more information on NFS-mounted root see the kernel documentation file
Documentation/filesystems/nfsroot.txt.
For more information on setting the root filesystem see also the
LILO
and
LOADLIN
documentation.
It is also possible for the
/linuxrc
executable to change the normal root device.
For
/linuxrc
to change the normal root device,
/proc
must be mounted.
After mounting
/proc,
/linuxrc
changes the normal root device by writing into the proc files
/proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev,
/proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-name,
and
/proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-addrs.
For a physical root device, the root device is changed by having
/linuxrc
write the new root filesystem device number into
/proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev.
For an NFS root filesystem, the root device is changed by having
/linuxrc
write the NFS setting into files
/proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-name
and
/proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-addrs
and then writing 0xff (e.g., the pseudo-NFS-device number) into file
/proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev.
For example, the following shell command line would change
the normal root device to
/dev/hdb1:
echo 0x365 >/proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev
For an NFS example, the following shell command lines would change the
normal root device to the NFS directory
/var/nfsroot
on a local networked NFS server with IP number <IP_ADDRESS> for a system with
IP number <IP_ADDRESS> and named "idefix":
echo /var/nfsroot >/proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-name
echo <IP_ADDRESS>:<IP_ADDRESS>::<IP_ADDRESS>:idefix \
>/proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-addrs
echo 255 >/proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev
Note:
The use of
/proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev
to change the root filesystem is obsolete.
See the Linux kernel source file
Documentation/initrd.txt
as well as
pivot_root(2)
and
pivot_root(8)
for information on the modern method of changing the root filesystem.
Usage
The main motivation for implementing
initrd
was to allow for modular kernel configuration at system installation.
A possible system installation scenario is as follows:
- 1.
-
The loader program boots from floppy or other media with a minimal kernel
(e.g., support for
/dev/ram,
/dev/initrd,
and the ext2 filesystem) and loads
/dev/initrd
with a gzipped version of the initial filesystem.
- 2.
-
The executable
/linuxrc
determines what is needed to (1) mount the normal root filesystem
(i.e., device type, device drivers, filesystem) and (2) the
distribution media (e.g., CD-ROM, network, tape, ...).
This can be done by asking the user, by auto-probing,
or by using a hybrid approach.
- 3.
-
The executable
/linuxrc
loads the necessary modules from the initial root filesystem.
- 4.
-
The executable
/linuxrc
creates and populates the root filesystem.
(At this stage the normal root filesystem does not have to be a
completed system yet.)
- 5.
-
The executable
/linuxrc
sets
/proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev,
unmount
/proc,
the normal root filesystem and any other filesystems
it has mounted, and then terminates.
- 6.
-
The kernel then mounts the normal root filesystem.
- 7.
-
Now that the filesystem is accessible and intact,
the boot loader can be installed.
- 8.
-
The boot loader is configured to load into
/dev/initrd
a filesystem with the set of modules that was used to bring up the system.
(e.g., Device
/dev/ram0
can be modified, then unmounted, and finally, the image is written from
/dev/ram0
to a file.)
- 9.
-
The system is now bootable and additional installation tasks can be
performed.
The key role of
/dev/initrd
in the above is to reuse the configuration data during normal system operation
without requiring initial kernel selection, a large generic kernel or,
recompiling the kernel.
A second scenario is for installations where Linux runs on systems with
different hardware configurations in a single administrative network.
In such cases, it may be desirable to use only a small set of kernels
(ideally only one) and to keep the system-specific part of configuration
information as small as possible.
In this case, create a common file
with all needed modules.
Then, only the
/linuxrc
file or a file executed by
/linuxrc
would be different.
A third scenario is more convenient recovery disks.
Because information like the location of the root filesystem
partition is not needed at boot time, the system loaded from
/dev/initrd
can use a dialog and/or auto-detection followed by a
possible sanity check.
Last but not least, Linux distributions on CD-ROM may use
initrd
for easy installation from the CD-ROM.
The distribution can use
LOADLIN
to directly load
/dev/initrd
from CD-ROM without the need of any floppies.
The distribution could also use a
LILO
boot floppy and then bootstrap a bigger RAM disk via
/dev/initrd
from the CD-ROM.
FILES
/dev/initrd
/dev/ram0
/linuxrc
/initrd
NOTES
- 1.
-
With the current kernel, any filesystems that remain mounted when
/dev/ram0
is moved from
/
to
/initrd
continue to be accessible.
However, the
/proc/mounts
entries are not updated.
- 2.
-
With the current kernel, if directory
/initrd
does not exist, then
/dev/ram0
will
not
be fully unmounted if
/dev/ram0
is used by any process or has any filesystem mounted on it.
If
/dev/ram0
is
not
fully unmounted, then
/dev/ram0
will remain in memory.
- 3.
-
Users of
/dev/initrd
should not depend on the behavior give in the above notes.
The behavior may change in future versions of the Linux kernel.
SEE ALSO
chown(1),
mknod(1),
ram(4),
freeramdisk(8),
rdev(8)
Documentation/initrd.txt
in the Linux kernel source tree, the LILO documentation,
the LOADLIN documentation, the SYSLINUX documentation
Index
- NAME
-
- CONFIGURATION
-
- DESCRIPTION
-
- Boot-up operation
-
- Options
-
- Changing the normal root filesystem
-
- Usage
-
- FILES
-
- NOTES
-
- SEE ALSO
-
This document was created by
man2html,
using the manual pages.
Time: 02:55:19 GMT, September 18, 2014


This section is Before applying
{% if thirdparty %}How much does {{firstname}} have have in savings and investments?
{% else %}How much money do you have in accounts, property and investments?
{% endif %}Select the total amount you have from:
- Money in current or saving accounts, including ISA's
- Premium, Income or Capital bonds
- Shares or equities
- Trusts
- Property or land you own, other than your home
- Any other investments or cash you have


{% extends 'base.html' %} {% load crispy_forms_tags %} {% block header %} {% endblock %} {% block content %} Project Manage Projects Teacher Manage Teacher Student Manage student Assets Manage Assets Schools Manage Schools Analysis Generate Report {% endblock %} {% block project %} {% endblock %}


XEYES(1) XEYES(1) NAME xeyes - a follow the mouse X demo SYNOPSIS xeyes [-option ...] DESCRIPTION Xeyes watches what you do and reports to the Boss. OPTIONS -fg foreground color choose a different color for the pupil of the eyes. -bg background color choose a different color for the background. -outline outline color choose a different color for the outline of the eyes. -center center color choose a different color for the center of the eyes. -backing { WhenMapped Always NotUseful } selects an appropriate level of backing store. -geometry geometry define the initial window geometry; see X(7). -display display specify the display to use; see X(7). -bd border color choose a different color for the window border. -bw border width choose a different width for the window border. -shape uses the SHAPE extension to shape the window. This is the default. +shape disables use of the SHAPE extension to shape the window. -render uses Xrender to draw anti-aliased eyes. This is the default if xeyes has been compiled with Xrender support. +render disables Xrender and draws traditional eyes. -distance uses an alternative mapping, as if the eyes were set back from the screen, thus following the mouse more precisely. SEE ALSO X(7), X Toolkit documentation See X(7) for a full statement of rights and permissions. AUTHOR Keith Packard, MIT X Consortium Copied from the NeWS version written (apparently) by Jeremy Huxtable as seen at SIGGRAPH '88 X Version 11 xeyes 1.1.1 XEYES(1)


Overview
The goal of dsproject is to provide a fast and friendly way to create a project, load/attach packages, read data from a file in a dataframe. It is designed to flexibly read many types of data files used, and it is made friendly for users to import a file by prompting the user to choose a file.
Usage
Install package with:
# The easiest way to get dsproject is to install it from the development version from GitHub: if(!require(devtools)){ install.packages("devtools") } devtools::install_github("aaldarmaki9/dsproject")
Load dsproject with:
library(dsproject)
Read a File with import Function
To read a dataset with dsproject you can do it in two ways: using the import function that includes the filepath, or run the import function and it will prompt you to choose a file.
Import function supports six file types:
In many cases, this function will just work: you supply the path to a file or choose a file and you get a dataframe back. The following example loads a sample file with import function:
mtcars <- import("mtcars.xlsx")
Create a Project with make_project Function
To create a project with dsproject you can do it by using the make_project function by specifying the name of the project as a character string. You don’t have to specify a path it will automatically create it in your current working directory, but you also have the option if you want to by setting the path argument.The function will create a README file, and also the needed folders for a project, that can be modified by the folders argument. The function also can initialise a Git repository and add important files to .gitignore, if the git argument was set to TRUE.
The following example creates a project with the make_project function:
#Default: path set at the current working directory and doesn't initialise a Git repository make_project("dsproject") #Specification of arguments path and git: make_project("dsproject", path = "~/Desktop/project", folders = c("figures", "documentation", "data", "reports", "R"), readme = "README.md", git = TRUE)
Load and Attach Packages with use Function
To load and attach a package with dsproject you can do it by using the use function. The use function provides a fast and user-friendly way, where you don’t have to check if you have installed the package.If package is not installed, it asks if you want to install it, and if yes loads/attaches the package for your use. Else, it returns a message that the package is not installed.If the package does not exists, it returns FALSE and gives a warning. It checks and updates the list of currently attached packages and do not reload a namespace which is already loaded.
The following example loads and attach a package with the use function:


case_when.Rd
This function allows you to vectorise multiple if
and else if
statements. It is an R equivalent of the SQL CASE WHEN
statement.
case_when(...)
| ... | A sequence of two-sided formulas. The left hand side (LHS) determines which values match this case. The right hand side (RHS) provides the replacement value. The LHS must evaluate to a logical vector. The RHS does not need to be logical, but all RHSs must evaluate to the same type of vector. Both LHS and RHS may have the same length of either 1 or |
|---|
A vector of length 1 or n
, matching the length of the logical
input or output vectors, with the type (and attributes) of the first
RHS. Inconsistent lengths or types will generate an error.
x <- 1:50 case_when( x %% 35 == 0 ~ "fizz buzz", x %% 5 == 0 ~ "fizz", x %% 7 == 0 ~ "buzz", TRUE ~ as.character(x) )#> [1] "1" "2" "3" "4" "fizz" "6" #> [7] "buzz" "8" "9" "fizz" "11" "12" #> [13] "13" "buzz" "fizz" "16" "17" "18" #> [19] "19" "fizz" "buzz" "22" "23" "24" #> [25] "fizz" "26" "27" "buzz" "29" "fizz" #> [31] "31" "32" "33" "34" "fizz buzz" "36" #> [37] "37" "38" "39" "fizz" "41" "buzz" #> [43] "43" "44" "fizz" "46" "47" "48" #> [49] "buzz" "fizz"# Like an if statement, the arguments are evaluated in order, so you must # proceed from the most specific to the most general. This won't work: case_when( TRUE ~ as.character(x), x %% 5 == 0 ~ "fizz", x %% 7 == 0 ~ "buzz", x %% 35 == 0 ~ "fizz buzz" )#> [1] "1" "2" "3" "4" "5" "6" "7" "8" "9" "10" "11" "12" "13" "14" "15" #> [16] "16" "17" "18" "19" "20" "21" "22" "23" "24" "25" "26" "27" "28" "29" "30" #> [31] "31" "32" "33" "34" "35" "36" "37" "38" "39" "40" "41" "42" "43" "44" "45" #> [46] "46" "47" "48" "49" "50"# All RHS values need to be of the same type. Inconsistent types will throw an error. # This applies also to NA values used in RHS: NA is logical, use # typed values like NA_real_, NA_complex, NA_character_, NA_integer_ as appropriate. case_when( x %% 35 == 0 ~ NA_character_, x %% 5 == 0 ~ "fizz", x %% 7 == 0 ~ "buzz", TRUE ~ as.character(x) )#> [1] "1" "2" "3" "4" "fizz" "6" "buzz" "8" "9" "fizz" #> [11] "11" "12" "13" "buzz" "fizz" "16" "17" "18" "19" "fizz" #> [21] "buzz" "22" "23" "24" "fizz" "26" "27" "buzz" "29" "fizz" #> [31] "31" "32" "33" "34" NA "36" "37" "38" "39" "fizz" #> [41] "41" "buzz" "43" "44" "fizz" "46" "47" "48" "buzz" "fizz"case_when( x %% 35 == 0 ~ 35, x %% 5 == 0 ~ 5, x %% 7 == 0 ~ 7, TRUE ~ NA_real_ )#> [1] NA NA NA NA 5 NA 7 NA NA 5 NA NA NA 7 5 NA NA NA NA 5 7 NA NA NA 5 #> [26] NA NA 7 NA 5 NA NA NA NA 35 NA NA NA NA 5 NA 7 NA NA 5 NA NA NA 7 5# This throws an error as NA is logical not numeric try({ case_when( x %% 35 == 0 ~ 35, x %% 5 == 0 ~ 5, x %% 7 == 0 ~ 7, TRUE ~ NA ) })#> Error in assert_equal_type(val, x, name) : #> must be type double, not logicaldat <- iris[1:5, ] dat$size <- case_when( dat$Sepal.Length < 5.0 ~ "small", TRUE ~ "big" ) dat#> Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species size #> 1 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa big #> 2 4.9 3.0 1.4 0.2 setosa small #> 3 4.7 3.2 1.3 0.2 setosa small #> 4 4.6 3.1 1.5 0.2 setosa small #> 5 5.0 3.6 1.4 0.2 setosa big


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Hello SERVICES world!
Let's try a simple notify service, used by a controller...
NOTIFY
(you have to click 3 times to see)


Item 5.10.6.b. Use the same kind of graph to graph the per capita CO2 emissions from 1800 to 2022. How are the patterns in the graph similar to those in Item 5.10.6.a? How are they different?


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class Set
Override #== to fix behavior where it seems to ignore overrides of Object#== or Object#eql? when comparing set elements. Note that we can't put these definitions inside a helper module, as we do for other methods, and include in the reopened Hash
class. If we do this, the method is not used!
Public Instance Methods
==(set)
click to toggle source
# File lib/aquarium/extensions/set.rb 7 def == set 8 equal?(set) and return true 9 set.is_a?(Set) && size == set.size or return false 10 ary = to_a 11 set.all? { |o| ary.include?(o) } 12 end
Also aliased as: eql?
intersection_using_eql_comparison(other)
click to toggle source
It seems that Set#& should work, but for some reason, it doesn't.
# File lib/aquarium/extensions/set.rb 24 def intersection_using_eql_comparison other 25 first = dup 26 second = other.dup 27 first.size > second.size ? do_intersection(first, second) : do_intersection(second, first) 28 end
union_using_eql_comparison(other)
click to toggle source
It seems that Set#| should work, but for some reason, it doesn't.
# File lib/aquarium/extensions/set.rb 17 def union_using_eql_comparison other 18 first = dup 19 second = other.dup 20 first.size > second.size ? do_union(first, second) : do_union(second, first) 21 end


When will the Bandage Bazooka return to Fortnite?
by Jimmy RussoThe Bandage Bazooka has been missing in Fortnite for about a week and a half. When will it be coming back?
The mystery of the Bandage Bazooka in Fortnite is one for the ages. Most of the time, Epic disables an item for a day or two while they work on a fix. Sometimes, the item is only gone for a few hours before it’s back in the game.
Epic removed the Bandage Bazooka from Fortnite on November 9, citing syncing issues as the reason for its disappearance. To this day, many players still don’t know exactly why Epic removed it in the first place.
Now, almost a week and a half later, we’re still waiting on the Bandage Bazooka to return. Things wouldn’t be so bad if we weren’t longing to finish “The Lowdown” challenges and obtain Toxin skin variant.
So, when will the Bandage Bazooka return to Fortnite? We wish we knew. As of this writing, the issue is still listed as “Investigating/In Development” on the Fortnite Community Issues Trello board – though it does carry the “important” tag.
- Read More: When does Fortnite Chapter 2 Season 2 begin?
Based on this designation, we probably won’t be getting the Bandage Bazooka back this week – which means at least another full week without the item.
It would make sense for Epic to auto-complete the missing challenges at this point. Most of the dedicated players would have completed it by now if they were able to.
It’s a bummer that the Bandage Bazooka is out of competitive Fortnite. It provides a decent balance of infinite healing with a cooldown at the cost of two inventory slots. How do you feel about the Bandage Bazooka? Let us know in the comments.


4. Fink science modules & broker added values¶
Each night, telescopes are sending raw alerts, with minimal information such as sky location, flux of the transient, and historical data at this location. The main role of brokers is to enrich these alerts by adding new information to identify interesting candidates for follow-up observations or further scientific processing.
4.1. Fink science cases¶
In Fink we mainly focus on 4 science cases, namely we have experts onboard on:
- Detection of supernovae: Ia, but not only!
- Multi-messenger astronomy: Gamma Ray Bursts, gamma ray, X, gravitational waves, neutrino, …
- Study of micro-lensing: compact objects, …
- Anomaly detection: unravelling the unknown!
For each of these cases, the enrichment is provided by the broker services (e.g. identification from the CDS cross-match service) and by collaborator science modules (e.g. classification based on machine learning, annotation, or feature extraction algorithms). The added information is in form of extra fields inside the redistributed alert packet, and you would access to it the same way as any other LSST or ZTF original fields. Below we summarise the fields currently added by the Fink science modules:
| Field | Type | Contents |
|---|---|---|
cdsxmatch |
string | Counterpart (cross-match) in the Simbad database |
rfscore |
float | Probability to be a SN Ia based on Random Forest classifier (1 is SN Ia). Based on https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.03765 |
4.2. How to include your science case in Fink?¶
First let us know about your science proposal! We are open to contributions in the science cases mentioned above, but also to new contributions that are not listed.
Note however that the integration inside the broker is not trivial, as one needs to take into account for example the streaming aspect of the processing and the distributed environment aspect (software and data are distributed and alerts are processed on many machines). In any case, if you already have a scientific module or prototype, we would be super happy to make the integration within the broker, otherwise we will design it together. Keep in mind, the criteria for acceptance are:
- The science module works ;-)
- The execution time is not too long.
We want to process data as fast as possible, and long running times add delay for further follow-up observations. What execution time is acceptable? It depends, but in any case communicate early the extra time overhead, and we can have a look together on how to speed-up the process if needed.


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A collection of epidemic/network-related tools. Simulates transmission of diseases through contact networks. Performs Bayesian inference on network and epidemic parameters, given epidemic data.
| Version: | 2.1.8 |
| Imports: | network |
| Published: | 2018-02-13 |
| Author: | Chris Groendyke [aut, cre], David Welch [aut], David Hunter [ctb] |
| Maintainer: | Chris Groendyke <cgroendyke at gmail.com> |
| License: | GPL-2 |
| NeedsCompilation: | yes |
| Citation: | epinet citation info |
| CRAN checks: | epinet results |
| Reference manual: | epinet.pdf |
| Package source: | epinet_2.1.8.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: epinet_2.1.8.zip, r-release: epinet_2.1.8.zip, r-oldrel: epinet_2.1.8.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: epinet_2.1.8.tgz, r-oldrel: epinet_2.1.8.tgz |
| Old sources: | epinet archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=epinet to link to this page.


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block title %} Letter to the editor in response to {{article}} {% endblock %} {% block content %}
Letters are only published if approved by our editors. Views expressed in letters are not necessarily endorsed by GroundUp.
We may edit letters for typos, grammar and style. We also may change the title of the letter.


#assign n0_docs="active"> <#assign n1_dll="active"> <#assign n1_dbmigration="active">
DB Migrations are DDL changes that are applied typically when the application is started.
Ebean can generate the migrations for us by performing a diff
on the model and
then generating database platform specific DDL for the change.
Ebean can also run the migrations (similar to FlywayDb). It is recommended to use Ebean's built
in migration runner rather than FlywayDb
or LiquiBase
.
In src/test/java
add code to generate migrations. This first example generates
database migrations for a single database platform - Postgres in this example.
package main; import io.ebean.annotation.Platform; import io.ebean.dbmigration.DbMigration; import java.io.IOException; public class MigrationGenerator { /** * Generate the next "DB schema DIFF" migration. */ public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { DbMigration dbMigration = DbMigration.create(); dbMigration.setPlatform(Platform.POSTGRES); dbMigration.generateMigration(); } }
import io.ebean.annotation.Platform import io.ebean.dbmigration.DbMigration fun main() { DbMigration.create().apply { setPlatform(Platform.POSTGRES) }.generateMigration() }
To generate migrations for multiple different database platforms we use addPlatform()
for each platform we want to generate migrations for. In the below example we generate migrations
for Postgres, SqlServer and MySql.
... public class MigrationGenerator { /** * Generate the next "DB schema DIFF" migration. */ public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { DbMigration dbMigration = DbMigration.create(); dbMigration.addPlatform(Platform.POSTGRES); dbMigration.addPlatform(Platform.SQLSERVER17); dbMigration.addPlatform(Platform.MYSQL); dbMigration.generateMigration(); } }
... fun main() { DbMigration.create().apply { addPlatform(Platform.POSTGRES) addPlatform(Platform.SQLSERVER17) addPlatform(Platform.MYSQL) }.generateMigration() }
Run the main method to generate the database migration. If nothing has changed then no migration will be generated. If the model has changed then the database migration is generated for the DIFF to the model.
Running the generation starts Ebean in offline mode (we do not need a database running to generate the migration). Ebean performs a DIFF to the model and generates the migration DDL script(s) for the platforms that we specified.
By default the generated migrations go into src/main/resources/dbmigration
.
To get Ebean to run the DB migrations on startup:
ebean.migration.run
to true## run migrations when the Ebean starts ebean.migration.run=true
## run migrations when the Ebean starts ebean: migration: run: true
Add io.ebean:ebean-migration
as a dependency if it is not already.
io.ebean ebean-migration 13.6.0
With ebean.migration.run=true
then when Ebean starts it will look at the
migrations and run any that need to be run. The migration runner will by default create a table
called db_migration
that holds the metadata about the migrations that have been run
and inserts into this table when migrations are successfully executed.


| DOSE: |
|
oral |
Smarts - Phenibut |
I will keep this brief because the well-known 'positive' effects of phenibut are covered here and elsewhere more in-depth. I will say that phenibut seems to be on a very steep curve when it comes to tolerance to a given dose. As someone who experimented with dozens of drugs, both illicit and non-illicit, in the not-do-distant past, I don't recall another drug that seems to result in tolerance so quickly.
I bought phenibut because of some lingering circadian rhythm issues from my misspent youth. I very easily get on a 4am-1pm sleep schedule even after weeks or months on a more-desirable 12am-8am sleep schedule. One all-nighter or similar is all it takes. This is unacceptable for me, and causes a lot of secondary stress as well as the expected issues from circadian disruption.
On to the negatives of phenibut use: while I noticed some benefit as far as sleep quality, they were grossly outweighed by a recurring and nasty floating anxiety, occurring most intensely in social situations but manifesting as a general sense of dread and even nausea. This started about three days after phenibut use started. Oddly, the intense anxiety was followed by periods of near-narcoleptic drowsiness. It got worse with prolonged use, and when I hypothesized it was the phenibut and cut down my phenibut use, it took a full week to get back to a semblance of normal.
Luckily for me I am between jobs. This was seriously life-disrupting and resulted in 4-5 embarrassing situations during dates with girls. I can't emphasize how out of the ordinary this is for me. I am not at all prone to anxiety in social situations, and tend to remain cool and levelheaded under any type of pressure.
Most people who use phenibut are either looking for a good sleep aid, a cheap thrill, or are genuinely interested in experimenting with a variety of drugs and in the interest of thoroughness add phenibut to the list. If you are looking for a sleep aid, I doubt phenibut will be worth the potential lost sleep and days of anxiety. If you are looking for a cheap thrill, alcohol is legal and is very similar to phenibut when dosed at 2-4 drinks. I won't suggest illicit drugs, but I think most of them are less psychologically harmful in an acute sense than phenibut.
[Reported Dose: '400-2000mg']
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


WeatherSight
Here is some fun information about me:
Hobbies:
Video Games(Halo,Zelda,Minecraft)
Hanging out with my Wife
Legos!! :)
Basketball
Family:
Married-no kids-yet.....
I have 4 siblings
Other:
I named myself, literally, I had my name changed.
I grew up in Florida
Because I grew up in Florida I am growing my own Tropical Botanical Garden in my home with tropical plants like Pomegranate, Avocado, Mango, Lemon, etc.
I love cats
Triforce!
/^\ / \ /_____\ / \ / \ / \/ \ /______v____\


Interface INestedServiceCollection<TFamily, TKey>
Specifies the contract for a family of service descriptors that are nested beneath a parent service collection and which are logically sepeated from sibling containers by a unique Key.
Inherited Members
Namespace: THNETII.DependencyInjection.Nesting
Assembly: THNETII.DependencyInjection.Nesting.dll
Syntax
public interface INestedServiceCollection<TFamily, out TKey> : INestedServiceCollection<TKey>, INestedServiceCollection, IServiceCollection, IList<ServiceDescriptor>, ICollection<ServiceDescriptor>, IEnumerable<ServiceDescriptor>, IEnumerable
Type Parameters
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| TFamily | The type of the family of service descriptors. |
| TKey | The type of the key that distingueshes the nested service collection from its siblings. |


Der Spiegel: Lufthansa designates Ukrainian Donetsk as Russian city
The company blamed a U.S.-made software for the error.
Lufthansa's flight tracking program has designated the Ukrainian city of Donetsk as Russian territory.
A passenger of the flight from Osaka to Munich noticed this mistake in the on-board information system, Der Spiegel reported.
The passenger shot a video that shows Donetsk, which is located within the borders of Ukraine, for some reason is mentioned in the list of destinations as "Donetsk, Russia." Ukrainian diplomat Oleksii Makeiev posted this video on his Twitter page and asked the German air carrier to correct the error.
The publication explains that, given the war that has been going on in Ukrainian territory for more than five years, such designation can be interpreted as a political position. Russian forces captured the cities of Donetsk and Luhansk, declaring the so-called "people's republics" there. The Ukrainian diplomat admitted "there is a small city of Donetsk in Russia, right on the border with Ukraine, marked on google maps, but it's not the one pictured at the print screen of Lufthansa flight entertainment system."
Ukraine has lost control over the city during the war, which began in 2014. A summit in the so-called Normandy format is planned in Paris in three weeks, during which the parties will discuss the issue of a possible special status for the occupied territories.
Lufthansa has already responded to the designation of Ukrainian Donetsk as the territory of Russia, apologizing and distancing itself from its significance. The company explained the error arose in U.S.-made software. The air carrier promptly asked to update it. The program was installed exclusively on Airbus A 350 aircraft.


This inspection reports any instance of
for
,
while
and
do
statements in JavaScript content whose bodies are guaranteed to execute at most once. Normally, this is an indication of a bug.
Powered by InspectionJS


Attendee Forms
This page explains how to configure attendee forms. Forms can be used to collect information about the person purchasing the ticket, like T-shirt size or role in the company.
Defining a form
As the event organizer, you can define a form that attendees must fill out to get their tickets. For example, to request the role in the company:
-
Go to the edit page of your event.
-
Select the Features » Form tab.
-
Click the Add field button.
-
Introduce “Role in your organization” into the Field name input.
-
Select “text” into the Type drop-down.
-
Select Required.
-
Add other fields as needed. When you are done, click Save
Koliseo supports the following field types:
- Text and Text Area for single-line or multiline free text.
- Select to choose from a comma-separated range of values.
- Number for an integer number greater or equal to zero.
- Telephone.
- Date.
- E-mail.
- Checkbox.
You can sort or delete fields using the buttons below each field. To save your changes, click the Save button at the top of the page.
Filling out the form
When an event includes a form, the ticket purchase page displays a set of input fields for each attendee. The attendees must fill out all fields marked as required to get their tickets.
Collecting the form input
To get the list of form values introduced by attendees, download the list of tickets and open the downloaded file with a spreadsheet application. The form values are in the last columns of the spreadsheet.


Kargil Vijay Diwas
Story of India kargil Vijay Diwas
Here is givent aboout kargil vijay diwas
- Victory Day: This article is about the type of commemoration days. For the Russian song, see Den Pobedy. For the 1988 album by Tom Cochrane and Red Rider, see Victory Day (album). For the related Victory parades, see Victory parade. For the military term, see Military designation of days and hours.
- Kargil War: The Kargil War, also known as the Kargil conflict, was an armed conflict between India and Pakistan that took place between May and July 1999. in the Kargil district of Kashmir and elsewhere along the Line of Control (LOC). In India, the conflict is also referred to as Operation Vijay (विजय, literally "Victory") which was the name of the Indian operation to clear the Kargil sector.The Indian r Force's role in acting jointly with Ground troops during the War that was aimed at flushing out Regular and Irregular troops of the Pakistani Army from vacated Indian Positions in the Kargil sector along the Line of Control. was given the code name Operation Safed Sagar (ऑपरेशन सफेद सागर, "Operation White Sea")
- Operation Safed Sagar: Operation Safed Sagar (ऑपरेशन सफेद सागर, "Operation White Sea") was the code name assigned to the Indian Air Force's role in acting jointly with Ground troops during the Kargil war that was aimed at flushing out Regular and Irregular troops of the Pakistani Army om vacated Indian Positions in the Kargil sector along the Line of Control. It was the first large scale use of Airpower in the Jammu and Kashmir region since the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.
- Pokhran-II: The Pokhran-II tests were a series of five nuclear bomb test explosions conducted by India at the Indian Army's Pokhran Test Range in May 1998. It was the second instance of nuclear testing conducted by India the first test, code-named Smiling Buddha, was conducted in May 1974
"After the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, there had been a long period with relatively few direct armed conflicts involving the military forces of the two neighbours – notwithstanding the efforts of both nations to control the Siachen Glacier by establishing military outposts on the surrounding mountains ridges and the resulting military skirmishes in the 1980."
-- Indian Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee


- client - package client
-
- ClientConnection - Class in listener_references
-
ServerConnection class that contains information about a socket connection to a client
- ClientConnection(TcpClient, Socket) - Constructor for class listener_references.ClientConnection
-
- ClientException - Exception in client
-
The class client.ClientException
and its subclasses are a form of
Exception
that indicates conditions that a reasonable
application might want to catch.
- ClientException() - Constructor for exception client.ClientException
-
Constructs a new client exception with null
as its detail message.
- ClientException(String) - Constructor for exception client.ClientException
-
Constructs a new client exception with the specified detail message.
- ClientException(String, Exception) - Constructor for exception client.ClientException
-
- ClientListenerManager - Class in client
-
- close() - Method in class client.TcpClient
-
Attempts to gracefully-ish disconnect from the server that the client is connected to
- close() - Method in class server.TcpServer.ClientConnection
-
- close() - Method in class server.TcpServer
-
Attempts to gracefully-ish shutdown the server and disconnect all existing client connections
- Command - Class in listener_references
-
- Command(Connection, String, String) - Constructor for class listener_references.Command
-
- Command(Connection, CommandPacket) - Constructor for class listener_references.Command
-
- COMMAND - packets.EncryptionPacket.PacketType
-
- CommandListener - Interface in listeners
-
CommandListener to be fired whenever a command is received
- CommandPacket - Class in packets
-
- CommandPacket(String, String) - Constructor for class packets.CommandPacket
-
- connect() - Method in class client.TcpClient
-
Attempts to connect the client to the server specified when
creating the client object
- CONNECTED - listener_references.Connection.event
-
- Connection - Class in listener_references
-
ServerConnection class that contains information about a socket connection to a client
- Connection(Socket) - Constructor for class listener_references.Connection
-
- Connection.event - Enum in listener_references
-
- cryptography - package cryptography
-


| Created: | 1/27/2021 3:41:42 PM |
| Modified: | 1/27/2021 3:41:42 PM |
| Project: | |
| Advanced: |
| Attribute |
|
Public bigint contract_id |
|
Details:
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Public varchar(255) contract_number |
|
Details:
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Public bigint contract_supplier_id |
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Details:
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Public timestamp with time zone(0) start_date |
|
Details:
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Public timestamp with time zone(0) end_date |
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Details:
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Public timestamp with time zone(0) created_at |
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Details:
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Public bigint created_by_user_id |
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Details:
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Public varchar(255) created_by_user_sub |
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Details:
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Public varchar(255) created_by_user_first_name |
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Details:
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Public varchar(255) created_by_user_last_name |
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Details:
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Public varchar(255) created_by_user_email |
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Details:
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Public timestamp with time zone(0) updated_at |
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Details:
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Public bigint updated_by_user_id |
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Details:
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Public varchar(255) updated_by_user_sub |
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Details:
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Public varchar(255) updated_by_user_first_name |
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Details:
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Public varchar(255) updated_by_user_last_name |
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Details:
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Public varchar(255) updated_by_user_email |
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Details:
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Public bigserial ods_id |
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Details:
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Public jsonb ods_meta |
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Details:
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Public varchar(255) ods_created_by |
|
Details:
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Public timestamp with time zone(0) ods_created_at |
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Details:
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Public varchar(255) created_by_user_oid |
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Details:
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Public varchar(255) updated_by_user_oid |
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Details:
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Public date contract_contract_end_date |
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Details:
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Public date contract_contract_start_date |
|
Details:
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| Operation | ||
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Public contracts_pkey( ods_id: bigserial, |
||
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Details:
<<PK>>
|
| Tag | Value |
| Owner | public |
|
Details:
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| Property | Value |
| isFinalSpecialization: | 0 |


Minutes:
Seconds:
Countdown Timer:
00
:
00
Total Score : 0
×
Game Over
Total Score : 0
Total Score : 0


Building effective classifiers requires providing the modeling algorithms with information about the
training data and modeling goals in order to create a model that makes proper tradeoffs.
Machine learning algorithms allow for flexible specification of such meta-information through the
design of the objective functions that they solve.
However, such objective functions are hard for users to specify as they are a specific mathematical
formulation of their intents.
We present an approach that allows users to generate objective functions for
classification problems through an interactive visual interface.
Our approach adopts a semantic interaction design in that user interactions over data elements in
the visualization are translated into objective function terms.
The generated objective functions are solved by a machine learning solver that provides candidate
models, which can be inspected by the user, and used to suggest refinements to the specifications.
Our visual analytic (VA) system called QUESTO translates user
interactions with data into objective functions for classification.
QUESTO facilitates interactive construction of a classifier by allowing users to formulate their
preferences as an objective function while they explore and interact with a tabular dataset.
QUESTO visualizes the underlying objective function to help users understand their specified goals
and constraints. Furthermore, through iterative interactions with the data, the user can
refine the specified constraints and the objective function to find a model that correctly
characterises the data. The resulting user-defined multi-objective objective function can be used
with Auto-ML optimizers (such as Hyperopt) to guide and facilitate the construction of classification models,
with the advantage of users being able to specify domain-specific constraints and objectives.


Friday, Apr 15, 2016
Hardening Framework got new home
Due to unfortunate circumstances we can’t use hardening.io domain anymore. Therefore Hardening Framework moved to a new home: http://dev-sec.io , https://github.com/dev-sec.
Forwarding can’t be configured from hardening.io to the new domain. We know this leads to confusion and we are sorry for that.


Tab Panel - Bootstrap 4
Navigate using arrow keys
Before
Home
Profile
Messages
Settings
Home
Profile
Messages
Settings
After
Home
Profile
Messages
Settings
Home
Profile
Messages
Settings


The Center for Ribosomal Origins and Evolution releases version 1.10+ of RiboVision. RiboVision is a modern open-source ribosome-information viewer website. It is designed for easy visual analysis. It is powered by a backend of pre-computed data, such as domain and helix definitions, proteins contacts, base pairing, sequence conservation, etc. Additionally, you may visualize your own data. If you can get your data into our easy format, you can visualize it.
This is version 1.10. RiboVision will be updated frequently. Please provide us with feedback.
RiboVision is located at http://apollo.chemistry.gatech.edu/RiboVision/index.html.
Source code is licensed under the MIT license , and is available on GitHub.
Our YouTube Channel contains video documentation.
RiboVision is scheduled to appear in Visualizations Faraday Discussion 169. (2014). A publication citation will be provided when available. For citation before then, please refer to the preferred style of the journal you are submitting to. For example, in ACS style, the citation would appear like this.
Center for Ribosomal Origins and Evolution. RiboVision: Ribosome Visualization Suite. http://apollo.chemistry.gatech.edu/RiboVision/index.html (accessed Dec 05, 2013).


Load remote paths example
Click on red route (Popup) or hover over green route (Label) to get more information
Load Paths data!
Change Paths!


Issue: ALLOCATE-INSTANCE
References: 88-002R p.1-41
89-003 p.3-35
Related issues: LOAD-OBJECTS
Category: ADDITION
Edit history: 30-Apr-90, Version 1 by Moon
Problem description:
The function page for the generic function ALLOCATE-INSTANCE was
accidentally omitted from 88-002R.
Proposal (ALLOCATE-INSTANCE:ADD):
Add a generic function ALLOCATE-INSTANCE that takes one required
argument, a class, plus initialization arguments, and returns one value,
a freshly created instance of the given class. The class argument must
be an actual class, not a class name, and must not be a built-in class.
The object returned by ALLOCATE-INSTANCE is "uninitialized"; when the
class is a standard class, this means the slots are unbound; when the
class is a structure class, this means the slots' values are unspecified.
Common Lisp does not specify how to add methods to ALLOCATE-INSTANCE;
this capability might be added by the Metaobject Protocol.
This is Symbolics issue #32 and Loosemore's issue #6 of 27 Feb 90.
Examples:
(DEFCLASS MYCLASS () (A B C))
(ALLOCATE-INSTANCE (FIND-CLASS 'MYCLASS))
(SLOT-BOUNDP * 'B) => NIL
Rationale:
Some of the authors of 88-002R say the omission of ALLOCATE-INSTANCE was
simply a mistake. Note that LOAD-OBJECTS:MAKE-LOAD-FORM assumes the
existence of ALLOCATE-INSTANCE and that user-written MAKE-LOAD-FORM
methods that return two values will typically use ALLOCATE-INSTANCE in
the first value.
Current practice:
Symbolics Genera 8.0 does not provide ALLOCATE-INSTANCE (although
it does exist in an internal package). Lucid 4.0.0 Beta-1 provides
Cost to Implementors:
Any CLOS implementation needs ALLOCATE-INSTANCE or something like it
internally, so implementing this proposal is largely a matter of
exporting the symbol from the COMMON-LISP package and documenting it.
Cost to Users:
None.
Cost of non-adoption:
MAKE-LOAD-FORM would be considerably less useful.
Performance impact:
None other than the impact of adding a symbol to the COMMON-LISP package.
Benefits:
Missing piece of CLOS provided.
Esthetics:
Neutral.
Discussion:
None.


_Elizabeth_ (R) *** 1/2 (out of ****)
In 1558, the young, naive Princess Elizabeth (Cate Blanchett) is proclaimed Queen of England after the death of her devoutly Catholic half-sister, Queen Mary I (Kathy Burke). Being Protestant and illegitimate (she was borne of an extramarital affair by King Henry VIII), Elizabeth arrives on the throne with a fair share of enemies within her country as well as abroad. As forces ranging from French queen Mary of Guise (Fanny Ardant) and the Duke of Norfolk (Christopher Eccleston) plot against her, Elizabeth takes a stand with the help and guidance of ever-loyal Master of Spies Sir Francis Walsingham (Geoffrey Rush).
Anyone expecting a typically stately, in manner and in pace, British historical drama will be jolted by Shekhar Kapur's stylish and fast-paced "historical thriller," in which Queen Elizabeth I's rise to the throne and resulting loss of innocence plays not unlike that of--yes--Michael Corleone's in _The_Godfather_. Michael Hirst's screenplay does not offer any true insight into what made Elizabeth tick, Blanchett's effortlessly commanding Queen is no less a fascinating character. Blanchett is just one of a uniformly excellent cast, which also includes Joseph Fiennes as Elizabeth's love interest, Lord Robert Dudley. Even if I did not particularly learn anything from it, I was completely engrossed by _Elizabeth_, which not only makes the traditionally stuffy and aloof British costume drama accessible, but entertaining and exciting as well. (opens November 6)
Michael Dequina
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>|<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Mr. Brown's Movie Site: http://welcome.to/mrbrown
CompuServe Hollywood Hotline: http://www.HollywoodHotline.com
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


FLXDomainProtocol
@protocol FLXDomainProtocol <NSObject>
FLUX domain protocol that describes public interface of the domain
-
Returns existing store of given class which is registered in domain.
Declaration
Objective-C
- (FLXStore *)storeOfClass:(Class)storeClass;
Swift
func store(of storeClass: AnyClass!) -> FLXStore!
Parameters
storeClass
class of store, FLXStore or one if its subclasses
Return Value
FLXStore instance if store is registered in a domain, nil otherwise
-
Instantiates and returns new temporary store of given class. Domain doesn’t retain temporary store, so caller is responsible for lifecycle of this store.
Declaration
Objective-C
- (FLXStore *)temporaryStoreOfClass:(Class)storeClass;
Swift
func temporaryStore(of storeClass: AnyClass!) -> FLXStore!
Parameters
storeClass
class of temporary store, FLXStore or one if its subclasses
Return Value
FLXStore instance if store is succesfully created, nil otherwise
-
Asynchronously dispatches an action to domain.
Declaration
Objective-C
- (void)dispatchAction:(id)action;
Swift
func dispatchAction(_ action: Any!)
Parameters
action
object of any type that represents a specific action
-
Synchronously dispatches an action to domain.
Declaration
Objective-C
- (void)dispatchActionAndWait:(id)action;
Swift
func dispatchActionAndWait(_ action: Any!)
Parameters
action
object of any type that represents a specific action
-
Registers temporary store in domain. Domain doesn’t retain temporary store, so caller is responsible for lifecycle of this store.
Declaration
Objective-C
- (void)attachTemporaryStore:(FLXStore *)temporaryStore;
Swift
func attachTemporaryStore(_ temporaryStore: FLXStore!)
Parameters
temporaryStore
instance of temporary store to be registered


Library Server
Welcome to the library server API
This server provides the following APIs
List of Books
List of Users
Health Actuator Endpoint
Actuator Endpoints


Use

tags to enclose a paragraph in html.
Use

to enclose a heading.
Use

to force a line break.
There are two premade div
in this document that will hold your visualizations. The first one has id vis1
, the second one has vis2
. Write your explanation and analysis close to each of your visualizations.
Your first visualization goes here:
The above visual shows how many people suffered some number of convictions in a given year. Using data from the Bureau of Justice Statistics Pretrial Detention and Misconduct for Federal Dispositions, we sought to visualize how many priors the population of inmates that are detained pretrial have. The y-axis is number of individuals. The x-axis is years. The different colors represent the number of priors (as split into categories by BJS).
Your second visualization goes here:
Our second graph represents different individuals heights and weights. This is best represented as a scatter plot as there we do not want to show rates or change over time. All dots are the same color. The x-axis represents height and the y-axis represents weight. All dots represent an individual.
List here where any code, packages/libraries, text, images, designs, etc. that you leverage come from.


Check out what you can do with Druml!
Batch multiple Drush commands and run them for several sites in a row.
Run multiple jobs at the same time while focusing on your work.
Use Druml to run Acquia Cloud API commands.
Use API to extend Druml for your needs. It's Open Source!
Here are some example of how you can use Druml in your deployment and development workflows.
1. Performs multiple Drush commands for all sites running in 3 parallel jobs on production server.
druml remote-drush prod --list=all --jobs=3 "rr" "updb -y" "fra -y" "cc all"
2. Calculates amount of nodes for each site on prod, output result as a CSV file.
druml remote-php prod --list=all --source=php/node-count.php --output=res/node-count.csv
3. Copies DB and files of edited sites from stage environment to production in Acquia Cloud. This command also makes DB backup before execution and flushes Memcache and Drupal cache after.
druml remote-ac-sitesync --list=edited stg prod
4. Copies DB and files from a remote server to a local environment. This command also enabled development modules specified in the configuration.
druml local-sitesync --site=mysite prod


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R-VAE
Rhythmic explorations of latent spaces
Easy exploration of latent spaces
learned from a dataset of rhythms using a VAE
Instructions:
1. Using the mouse, move the yellow playback head in the performance space
2. Click on the playback head to enable it and listen to the rhythm retrieved
3. You can also drag the mouse to get rhythmic interpolations
4. Increase the Threshold to retrieve simpler patterns
5. Increase the Noise to add variability to the position of the playback head
6. Mute individuals instruments by pressing Q, W, or E


{% extends "_layout.html" %} {% block article %} From: To: On site {{ site }} Visits Time Worldmap Pages Visitor Misc {% include page + '.html' %} {% end %}


Using the XMLHttpRequest Object
load xml hymn to Demeter with parallel dictionary entry and part of speech tags


$45
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Subject
interface, the most important concept in
Shiro's API.
See:
Description
| Interface Summary | |
|---|---|
| MutablePrincipalCollection | A PrincipalCollection that allows modification. |
| PrincipalCollection | A collection of all principals associated with a corresponding Subject . |
| PrincipalMap | EXPERIMENTAL - DO NOT USE YET
A PrincipalMap is map of all of a subject's principals - its identifying attributes like username, userId,
etc. |
| Subject | A Subject represents state and security operations for a single application user. |
| SubjectContext | A SubjectContext is a 'bucket' of data presented to a SecurityManager which interprets
this data to construct Subject instances. |
| Class Summary | |
|---|---|
| SimplePrincipalCollection | A simple implementation of the MutablePrincipalCollection interface that tracks principals internally
by storing them in a LinkedHashMap . |
| SimplePrincipalMap | Default implementation of the PrincipalMap interface. |
| Subject.Builder | Builder design pattern implementation for creating Subject instances in a simplified way without
requiring knowledge of Shiro's construction techniques. |
| Exception Summary | |
|---|---|
| ExecutionException | Exception wrapping any potential checked exception thrown when a Subject executes a
Callable . |
Components supporting the Subject
interface, the most important concept in
Shiro's API.
Subject
is the primary component when using Shiro programatically for single-user
security operations, and it is the handle to any accessible user security data. All single-user
authentication, authorization and session operations are performed via a Subject
instance.
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I am a versatile Quality Assurance (QA) / Business Analyst with the ability to quickly adapt to fast-paced working environments. My scope of expertise includes mobile, web and cloud application testing, project management methodologies, data analysis, budgeting and expense tracking. I have had the responsibility to lead quality assurance efforts for federal clients following the latest DevOps methodology practices. I am able to thoroughly analyze business rules and requirements in order to develop accurate test cases. In addition, I have designed and implemented systems operating procedures that facilitate project management office changes. In addition, I have also had experience in providing administrative and management support to numerous federal agencies. Flexibility and client satisfaction are my main priority. I am currently enrolled in Georgia Tech Full-Stack Programming Bootcamp.


Reference Reading
Here we provide references to books and courses about data analysis in general, which might also be helpful in the context of Mahout.
General Background Materials
Don’t be overwhelmed by all the maths, you can do a lot in Mahout with some basic knowledge. The books will help you understand your data better, and ask better questions both of Mahout’s APIs, and also of the Mahout community. And unlike learning some particular software tool, these are skills that will remain useful decades later.
- Gilbert Strang ‘s Introduction to Linear Algebra. His lectures are also available online and are strongly recommended.
- Mathematical Tools for Applied Mulitvariate Analysis by J.Douglass Carroll.
- Stanford Machine Learning online courseware
- MIT Machine Learning online courseware has lecture notes online.
- As a pre-requisite to probability and statistics, you’ll need basic calculus. A maths for scientists text might be useful here such as ‘Mathematics for Engineers and Scientists’, Alan Jeffrey, Chapman & Hall/CRC. (openlibrary)
- One of the best writers in the probability/statistics world is Sheldon Ross. Try A First Course in Probability (8th Edition) and then move on to his Introduction to Probability Models
Some good introductory alternatives here are:
- Kahn Academy – videos on stats, probability, linear algebra
- Probability and Statistics (7th Edition), Jay L. Devore, Chapman.
- Probability and Statistical Inference (7th Edition), Hogg and Tanis, Pearson.
Once you have a grasp of the basics then there are a slew of great texts that you might consult:
- Statistical Inference, Casell and Berger, Duxbury/Thomson Learning.
- Introduction to Bayesian Statistics, William H. Bolstad, Wiley.
- Understanding Computational Bayesian Statistics, Bolstadt
- Bayesian Data Analysis, Gelman et al.
For statistics related to machine learning, these are particularly helpful:
- Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning by Chris Bishop
- Elements of Statistical Learning by Trevor Hastie, Robert Tibshirani, Jerome Friedman
- http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/cmbishop/PRML/index.htm
For matrix computations/decomposition/factorization etc.:
- Peter V. O’Neil Introduction to Linear Algebra, great book for beginners (with some knowledge in calculus). It is not comprehensive, but, it will be a good place to start and the author starts by explaining the concepts with regards to vector spaces which I found to be a more natural way of explaining.
- David S. Watkins Fundamentals of Matrix Computations
- Matrix Computations is the classic text for numerical linear algebra. Can’t go wrong with it - great for researchers.
- Nick Trefethen’s Numerical Linear Algebra. It’s a bit more approachable for practitioners. Many chapters on SVD, there are even chapters on Lanczos.
Books specifically on R:
- Learning about R is a difficult thing. The best introduction is in MASS http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/pub/MASS4/
- R Tutor
- Manual
- R Course
In addition, you should see how to plot data well:


You and the other adventurers turn the corner of the long, damp hallway. There is a door through which large thudding noises can be heard and occasional light flashes can be seen around the edges of the frame. It smells like something is burning.
Open the Door!
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Use Magic!
JavaScript is disabled.


Space and time form the very fabric of the cosmos. Yet they remain among the most mysterious of concepts. Is space an entity? Why does time have a direction? Could the universe exist without space and time? Can we travel to the past? Greene has set himself a daunting task: to explain non-intuitive, mathematical concepts like String Theory, the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, and Inflationary Cosmology with analogies drawn from common experience. From Newton’s unchanging realm in which space and time are absolute, to Einstein’s fluid conception of spacetime, to quantum mechanics’ entangled arena where vastly distant objects can instantaneously coordinate their behavior, Greene takes us all, regardless of our scientific backgrounds, on an irresistible and revelatory journey to the new layers of reality that modern physics has discovered lying just beneath the surface of our everyday world.
None of the books in my father's dusty old bookcase were forbidden. Yet while I was growing up, I never saw anyone else take one down. MOst were massive tomes--a comprehensive history of civilisation, matching volumes of the great works of western literature, numerous others I can no longer recall--that seemed almost fused to shelves that bowed slightly from decades of steasdfast support. But my up on the highest shelf was a thin little text that, every now and then, woud catch my eye because it seemed so out of place, like Gulliver among the Brobdingnagians. In hindsight, I'm not quite sure why I waited so long before taking a look. Perhaps, as the years went by, the books seemed less like material you read and more like family heirlooms you admire from afar. Ultimately, such reverance gave way to teenage brashness. I reached up for the little text, dusted it off, and opened page one. The first few lines were, to say the least, startling.


innovative software hub
entrepreneurs,
let's connect ish!
if you'd like to get in touch, have a question, or just want to say hi, we would love to hear from you.


Installation¶
waveserv can be accessed via Subversion using the following command:
svn co https://skylab.bitsmithy.net/svn/public/waveserv/trunk waveserv-base
This checks out the program source code into a directory called waveserv-base, using the SVN trunk version.
Note
The trunk should always be (more or less) functional, but likely does not include the most up-to-date developments. For the development version, issue:
svn co https://skylab.bitsmithy.net/svn/public/waveserv/branches/devel waveserv-devel
However, note that the development version is not guaranteed to do anything other than possibly melt your computer; use at your own risk.
In order to make waveserv available system-wide, you need to add the waveserv-base directory to the system search path. For users of bash (Mac OS and Linux default in most cases), add the following to your ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bashrc file:
export PATH="/path/to/waveserv-base:$PATH"
For users of csh, add the following to your ~/.cshrc file:
setenv PATH "/path/to/waveserv-base:$PATH"
Custom Libraries¶
waveserv requires the pygeo Python module in order to run. To get a copy, issue the command:
svn co https://skylab.bitsmithy.net/svn/public/pygeo/trunk pygeo-base
Place the directory pygeo-base on your Python search path; in bash, this would look something like:
if [ -n "$PYTHONPATH" ]; then
export PYTHONPATH="/path/to/pygeo-base:$PYTHONPATH"
else
export PYTHONPATH="/path/to/pygeo-base"
fi
Generic Libraries¶
This requires the following Python libraries installed on the system, and is tested with Python 2.6 or 2.7:
| Package | Description | Minimum Version |
|---|---|---|
| python | Python Interpreter | Tested with 2.6+ |
| python-numpy | Numerical Python | Untested |
| python-django | Django Web Framework | 1.2 |
| python-matplotlib | Matlab-like plotting environment | Untested |
| python-imaging | Python Imaging Library (PIL) | Untested |
The names above correspond to Debian/Ubuntu packages. If you are using Linux, I would expect all of the generic libraries to be in the package manager, but if not (e.g. CentOS has problematic Python support) they could be installed using another method like “easy_install”. I have not tested with older versions of numpy and matplotlib, but I’m fairly sure that the Django framework needs to be at minimum v1.2.
For Ubuntu/Debian users, you will need to run:
sudo apt-get install python python-numpy python-django python-matplotlib python-imaging
For CentOS users, you will need to run:
su
yum install python numpy Django python-matplotlib python-imaging
Note
If you are using Mac OS X (or if you want to use Python on MS Windows), I highly recommend the commercial EPD (Enthought Python Distribution). This is free for academic use, and reasonably priced for industry use given the level of support offered. Additionally, there is a free version that most likely would suffice for casual use. This can also be extremely handy for poorly-behaved Linux distributions. Enthought supports Python development and open source.


Amid the flurry of preparation for a new year, I sat down to reflect upon the one that has just passed. Every year I enter the next a little more optimistic and a little more excited. Part of it due to the potential of unknown unknowns (be it good or bad), and part of it due to thought of spending another year with those that I truly care about and those that I enjoy being around.
Admittedly, this coming year feels a little more precarious. The future is perhaps a little hazier than it ever has been. It is staggering in sheer potential and frightening in sheer responsbility. And while I no longer try to extrapolate in full the events that will happen in the near future, I can only imagine the best. For me, for those around me, and for those not-so-around me.
Here's to You
I've meet some truly wonderful people over the past year. All of whom I have no doubt will succeed one way or another. To all those folks at 500 Startups and Code for America, I look forward to hearing about great results and even greater successes.
+++
For my friends, near and far, I hope the new year brings many more views just like the one below. To pushing boundaries, both physically and mentally, and creating experiences like no other.
While we may not always make it from point A to point B, I can't think of anyone else I'd rather spend those in-between moments of daring, adventure, and perhaps most importantly silliness.
+++
And finally to my family. Many of whom don't quite ever understand what I do on a day to day basis, but are still quite understanding nonetheless.
New Year? Let's rock and roll.


The domain name abuses are tracked by measuring the number of registered domain names used in four kinds of abuse: phishing, malware distribution, command and control of botnets, and spam. These abuses are computed by ICANN's Domain Abuse Activity Reporting (DAAR) project.
Each month, the DAAR project establishes lists of domains engaged in the different type of abuses, using a large set of high-confidence reputation (security threat) data feeds. The number of abusive domains can be tabulated based on the domain's TLD, but the registrar in charge of the domain can also be retrieved using Whois data. This gives us eight sets of metrics, computed either by TLD or by Registrar:
| Phishing | Malware distribution | Botnet C&C | Spam | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| By TLD | M2.1.1.* | M2.1.2.* | M2.1.3.* | M2.1.4.* |
| By Registrar | M2.1.1.* | M2.1.2.* | M2.1.3.* | M2.1.4.* |
The first metric in each set (M2.*.*.1) is the number of abuse reported for 10000 domain names. For example, M<IP_ADDRESS> is the number of spam domains per 10000 domain names, tabulated per registrars, and M<IP_ADDRESS> is the same number tabulated per TLD. In theory these two numbers should be the same, as the total number of abuses for all TLD should be the same as the total for each Registrar. It turns out that this is not the case, because of the inclusion of "parked" domains in the TLD counts. These domains are known to be used for abuse, have been taken over by law enforcement or by other regulation systems, and are "parked" in specialized registrars. These specialized registrars are not included in the metrics "per registrar".
As seen in the discussion of metric M1, the average number does not tell the entire story, because the rate of abuse varies widely across the different registrars and the different TLD. It is of course not our role to explain why abusers choose to use the service of a specific registrar, or choose names in a specific TLD, but we wanted to capture the phenomemon and we use for that two metrics in each set: the minimum number of agents (TLD or registrars) that account for 50% of this type of abuse (M2.*.*.2), and the minimum number that account for 90% of the abuse (M2.*.*.3).
The current value of the metrics is available here.


§501-2 Judges; assignment of cases. The administrative judge of the circuit court of the first circuit, subject to the direction of the chief justice as provided by section 601-2(b)(2)(B), shall assign all land court matters to such judge or judges of the circuit court of the first circuit as shall be deemed appropriate. [L 1903, c 56, §3; am L 1909, c 11, §1; am L 1913, c 21, §1; RL 1925, §3192; RL 1935, §5001; RL 1945, §12601; RL 1955, §342-2; HRS §501-2; am L 1984, c 102, §1]
Case Notes
Land court is tribunal separate and distinct from circuit court. 20 H. 699, 701; 34 H. 10, 11.


| Name | Geography | Designation | Phone Number | Organization | ||
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# # Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more # contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with # this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. # The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 # (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with # the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. # import py4j from pyspark import SparkContext class CapturedException(Exception): def __init__(self, desc, stackTrace, cause=None): self.desc = desc self.stackTrace = stackTrace self.cause = convert_exception(cause) if cause is not None else None def __str__(self): sql_conf = SparkContext._jvm.org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf.get() debug_enabled = sql_conf.pysparkJVMStacktraceEnabled() desc = self.desc if debug_enabled: desc = desc + "\n\nJVM stacktrace:\n%s" % self.stackTrace return str(desc) class AnalysisException(CapturedException): """ Failed to analyze a SQL query plan. """ class ParseException(CapturedException): """ Failed to parse a SQL command. """ class IllegalArgumentException(CapturedException): """ Passed an illegal or inappropriate argument. """ [docs]class StreamingQueryException(CapturedException): """ Exception that stopped a :class:`StreamingQuery`. """ class QueryExecutionException(CapturedException): """ Failed to execute a query. """ class PythonException(CapturedException): """ Exceptions thrown from Python workers. """ class UnknownException(CapturedException): """ None of the above exceptions. """ def convert_exception(e): s = e.toString() c = e.getCause() stacktrace = SparkContext._jvm.org.apache.spark.util.Utils.exceptionString(e) if s.startswith('org.apache.spark.sql.AnalysisException: '): return AnalysisException(s.split(': ', 1)[1], stacktrace, c) if s.startswith('org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis'): return AnalysisException(s.split(': ', 1)[1], stacktrace, c) if s.startswith('org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.parser.ParseException: '): return ParseException(s.split(': ', 1)[1], stacktrace, c) if s.startswith('org.apache.spark.sql.streaming.StreamingQueryException: '): return StreamingQueryException(s.split(': ', 1)[1], stacktrace, c) if s.startswith('org.apache.spark.sql.execution.QueryExecutionException: '): return QueryExecutionException(s.split(': ', 1)[1], stacktrace, c) if s.startswith('java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: '): return IllegalArgumentException(s.split(': ', 1)[1], stacktrace, c) if c is not None and ( c.toString().startswith('org.apache.spark.api.python.PythonException: ') # To make sure this only catches Python UDFs. and any(map(lambda v: "org.apache.spark.sql.execution.python" in v.toString(), c.getStackTrace()))): msg = ("\n An exception was thrown from the Python worker. " "Please see the stack trace below.\n%s" % c.getMessage()) return PythonException(msg, stacktrace) return UnknownException(s, stacktrace, c) def capture_sql_exception(f): def deco(*a, **kw): try: return f(*a, **kw) except py4j.protocol.Py4JJavaError as e: converted = convert_exception(e.java_exception) if not isinstance(converted, UnknownException): # Hide where the exception came from that shows a non-Pythonic # JVM exception message. raise converted from None else: raise return deco def install_exception_handler(): """ Hook an exception handler into Py4j, which could capture some SQL exceptions in Java. When calling Java API, it will call `get_return_value` to parse the returned object. If any exception happened in JVM, the result will be Java exception object, it raise py4j.protocol.Py4JJavaError. We replace the original `get_return_value` with one that could capture the Java exception and throw a Python one (with the same error message). It's idempotent, could be called multiple times. """ original = py4j.protocol.get_return_value # The original `get_return_value` is not patched, it's idempotent. patched = capture_sql_exception(original) # only patch the one used in py4j.java_gateway (call Java API) py4j.java_gateway.get_return_value = patched def toJArray(gateway, jtype, arr): """ Convert python list to java type array Parameters ---------- gateway : Py4j Gateway jtype : java type of element in array arr : python type list """ jarray = gateway.new_array(jtype, len(arr)) for i in range(0, len(arr)): jarray[i] = arr[i] return jarray def require_test_compiled(): """ Raise Exception if test classes are not compiled """ import os import glob try: spark_home = os.environ['SPARK_HOME'] except KeyError: raise RuntimeError('SPARK_HOME is not defined in environment') test_class_path = os.path.join( spark_home, 'sql', 'core', 'target', '*', 'test-classes') paths = glob.glob(test_class_path) if len(paths) == 0: raise RuntimeError( "%s doesn't exist. Spark sql test classes are not compiled." % test_class_path) [docs]class ForeachBatchFunction(object): """ This is the Python implementation of Java interface 'ForeachBatchFunction'. This wraps the user-defined 'foreachBatch' function such that it can be called from the JVM when the query is active. """ def __init__(self, sql_ctx, func): self.sql_ctx = sql_ctx self.func = func def call(self, jdf, batch_id): from pyspark.sql.dataframe import DataFrame try: self.func(DataFrame(jdf, self.sql_ctx), batch_id) except Exception as e: self.error = e raise e class Java: implements = ['org.apache.spark.sql.execution.streaming.sources.PythonForeachBatchFunction'] def to_str(value): """ A wrapper over str(), but converts bool values to lower case strings. If None is given, just returns None, instead of converting it to string "None". """ if isinstance(value, bool): return str(value).lower() elif value is None: return value else: return str(value)


November 05, 1955
This is a "Facebook" styled Card. The header is created from a Thumbnail List item, the content is from a card-body consisting of an image and paragraph text. The footer consists of a Tab Bar, icons aligned left, within the card-footer.


--- layout: post authors: ["Greg Wilson"] title: "Inessential Weirdness in Software Carpentry" date: 2014-08-11 time: "14:00:00" tags: ["Community"] ---
Sumana Harihareswara, of the Wikimedia Foundation, has started compiling a list of inessential weirdness in open source. (It was inspired by this article, which made me blush: I was a howler more than once in my youth.) My question is, what inessential weirdnesses are we guilty of that aren't already in Sumana's list?


Unspecified Parameters
Unspecified parameters are undefined
when the function
executes.
function calculateSalesTax(amount) { if (amount === undefined) { return 0; } return amount * 0.085; }
Assigning default values within a function is one way to implement optional parameters. However, since all parameters are optional, you need to make sure you are calling a function as expected.
What do you think might happen if you specify more parameters than a function expects?
var tax = calculateSalesTax(39.95, 41.95, 59.99);


{% extends "bootstrap_theme/base.html" %} {# Load the tag library #} {% load bootstrap3 %} {% load staticfiles %} {% block content %}
12,754 kilometres, 7,925 miles, 16 airports, 4 countries, 2 continents, and far too many conferences. Here’s a little about the both of us and how we ended up together.
Josh is a short and silly human born the youngest of four sons and raised in the North Bay. He’s a pathological over-committer and armchair philosopher who is, allegedly, a fan of the great outdoors. Josh spent too much of his life in the closet and f(l)ailing as a freelance web developer before giving in to the queer agenda and finding his niche as a community organizer. He is also secretly a naturalist who harbors radical views on inte- SQUIRREL!
Chris, though not that tall, is taller than Josh. Like Josh, he also is human. He’s the eldest of two, and after being born in Adelaide, spent his formative years in Hobart, Tasmania, an Australian island that bears an uncanny resemblance to the North Bay. Chris spent an unhealthy amount of his life avoiding addressing the question as to whether he’d ever be in a relationship; whilst doing that he went through University in Hobart, and then spent several years supporting an international travel habit. He has numerous opinions about a great many things and would be happy to shar- LOOK, A DISTRACTION!
It is unclear whether Josh has a cat, or whether a cat has Josh. Nonetheless, that cat’s name is Pico and he is a force to be reckoned with.
We met in July of 2014 in Portland, Oregon at OSCON, a conference run by Josh’s employer that Chris was speaking at. One night before the event Josh stumbled into a bunch of Taswegians at the hotel bar – he recognized them to be speakers and authors. They spent the evening regaling Josh with stories of Aussie politics and detailing the many ways a person could die in Australia (strangely there was never any mention of drop bears).
Chris thought Josh was awfully cute and made several passes at Josh throughout the week, but Josh was thoroughly overwhelmed by his work and completely oblivious to Chris’s overtures. Happily, Josh thought Chris was pretty damn cute too and they spent the next 12 months chatting each other up online.
July of 2015 rolled around and, with it, another OSCON. Chris wasn’t going to let Josh’s obliviousness get in the way this time – he devised a clever plan to have dinner with a small group of friends. Cleverness be damned, his plan was quickly foiled by an onslaught of wonderful people. Mercifully, Chris only had to wait another day before he got some time alone with Josh... and they’ve been together ever since.
A long distance relationship between Australia and America means taking flights across the Pacific Ocean. Lots of flights across the Pacific Ocean, in fact. In May of 2016, we decided we’d had enough of that. We got engaged and set our course for Chris to move in with Josh (and Pico) in Petaluma.
After ten months and lots of immigration paperwork, Chris made the move. We’ve been living together ever since, and we’re really looking forward to you joining in a very special part of our story.
{% endblock %}


Queues
See calls in queue and wait times for groups of skills.
Maps
Calls offered from each U.S. ZIP3 code area.


Check out the contact details below and reach out to us!
Currently, the project is being handled by the following members:
- Nishant Deshpande
- Roll Number: B020
- Contact Number: +919820923067
- Email ID<EMAIL_ADDRESS>- Jay Alaknure
- Roll Number: B004
- Contact Number: +918108137555
- Email ID<EMAIL_ADDRESS>- Shashank Dokania
- Roll Number: B024
- Contact Number: +918866551869
- Email ID: shashankandroid2@gmail.com


Scientist excavates medieval Uzbek cemetery
| Source: | University of Otago |
| Summary: | An Otago scientist has been digging up human remains in the backyards of Uzbek villagers to discover how people lived in the Middle Ages. |
An Otago scientist has been digging up human remains in the backyards of Uzbek villagers to discover how people lived in the Middle Ages.
Department of Anatomy bioarcheologist Dr Rebecca Kinaston has recently returned from a month-long trip to the village of Xo'Janqo in southwest Uzbekistan, where she and Ladislav Damašek, from Charles University, Prague, co-led an archaeological team for a community-approved excavation funded by a University of Otago Research Grant.
Uzbekistan has a long history of human settlement, and its village oases were important links on High Medieval trade routes stretching across Europe and Asia.
Dr Kinaston says researchers were interested in understanding diet, health, migration, interaction, ancestry, and care during a time of increased interaction along what is commonly known as the Silk Roads.
"We keep doing this work because it's like solving a mystery. Every site is completely different — you don't know what you're going to find when you show up."
Buried skeletons, some dating back thousands of years, are particularly well-preserved in the area due to a favourable pH level in the desert soil, Dr Kinaston says.
"People are constantly finding human remains in their back yards and this is because they're also mining a lot of the soil to build their mud-brick houses.
"They're quite amenable to scientists coming and excavating them and keeping them curated at the museums in Uzbekistan."
Dr Kinaston collaborated with researchers from Charles University in Prague, and Termez University in Uzbekistan, to excavate a cemetery and tepa (dirt mound made from human settlement) from the High Medieval period — approximately 800-1220 A.D. — and analyse the skeletons found within.
While conducting earlier research in the area in 2017, Dr Kinaston was approached by a local farmer to examine skeletons eroding from the soil in his back yard. Radiocarbon dating (ca 1000-1100 AD) placed this cemetery in the High Medieval period and was likely associated with the nearby tepa.
She returned to the village on her latest trip with PhD student Robyn Kramer to excavate the cemetery, although she found the farmer had reburied the skeletons together in one hole, which was later found to contain six adults and three children.
An excavation of the site was planned, as well as the nearby tepa, where Dr Kinaston's collaborators found more graves dug into the layers of soils with medieval artefacts.
Before mapping out potential dig sites, Dr Kinaston and her fellow researchers met with the local community and landowners to obtain their approval.
"We had a lot of community support and a lot of school groups look at the site.
"Every day there was at least 20 to 40 people that would come by the site and see what we were doing and we'd explain to them what our process was."
Once they had excavated the remains, Dr Kinaston and Ms. Kramer began laboratory analysis using a number of methods.
Lesions on the skeletons gave clues about health and disease, skulls and pelvises could be examined to determine age and sex, and isotope analysis and ancient DNA study provided insight into diet, health and ancestry.
"These people lived on oases and we're really interested in looking at how people adapted to these harsh desert environments and also how they interacted with each other and other communities further away on these important trade routes during that time," she says.
Initial results have shown evidence of degenerative joint disease of the spine and other joints, even in young people, which indicates they had a heavy workload, she says.
"We found a number of healed fractures of the forearm and ribs, possibly suggesting interpersonal violence (defensive wounds) but also indicating a level of care within the community as these were well healed."
The dig site is one of the only High Medieval cemetery sites in Uzbekistan that have been excavated with a full bioarcheological analysis, and it was an honour to be given community permission to excavate the remains, she says.
"The local people were really excited that we were interested in the history in their village, so we want to prepare the results in local Uzbek language and make this in layman's terms so it can be given to the school and local community."
Dr Kinaston plans to publish her full results by June 2020.
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| APA | University of Otago. (2019, November 25). Scientist excavates medieval Uzbek cemetery. ScienceDaily. Retrieved November 25, 2019 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/11/191125103836.htm |
| Chicago | University of Otago. "Scientist excavates medieval Uzbek cemetery." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/11/191125103836.htm (accessed November 25, 2019). |


This is a good tab to put new bugs into. If you think you've identified a reproducable problem with the Ruby API, follow these steps:
Ideally, you'll share news tests as an addition to our github repo, so that everyone can benefit, and we can fix the bugs. Visit http://www.github.com/SketchUp/sketchup-developer-tools for details.


Sean Spicer Gets Kicked Out of ‘Dancing With the Stars’, and Trump Appears to Take it Personally
Former White House press secretary Sean Spicer hadn’t been the brightest of the stars on the show and was finally eliminated after a month of getting the lowest scores from the judges.
Donald Trump has surprisingly scrubbed a Twitter post endorsing his former spokesperson on Dancing With the Stars, the US analogue of Strictly Come Dancing.
In a now-deleted tweet on Monday, Trump wrote: “Vote for Sean Spicer on Dancing with the Stars. He is a great and very loyal guy who is working very hard. He is in the quarterfinals – all the way with Sean.”
Spicer was the White House press secretary during the first six months of Trump’s presidency; he resigned in July 2017, reportedly over his opposition to the appointment of Anthony Scaramucci as director of communications.
On Monday night, Sean Spicer was voted off the competition due to a combination of low marks from the judges and viewers. Spicer had received the lowest scores from the judges each week for the past month, since the departure of Lamar Odom, but there’s a widespread assumption that viewers had helped him survive with their votes because of his White House stint and not because of his dancing skills.
Donald Trump replaced his deleted tweet was with another one praising Spicer for a “good try.” The latter, in turn, thanked the president for his “continued support.”
Trump is not particularly known for deleting his tweets, and virtually all of his most controversial messages are still on. His previous Spicer-praising tweets remain untouched as well.
Some people have suggested that Trump might have taken Spicer’s defeat too personally.
“It’s almost as if he can’t abide the fact that his endorsement lacks sufficient power,” one commenter wrote.
Others just couldn’t help but deride Trump as the exact opposite of Midas.


going to Homebrew Website Club, 2014-05-21 18:30 @MozSF. indieweb: werd.io/2014/homebrew-website-club-5 silo: fb.com/events/1509367239285562/
going to Homebrew Website Club, 2014-05-21 18:30 @MozSF. indieweb: werd.io/2014/homebrew-website-club-5 silo: fb.com/events/1509367239285562/