FOP FAQ
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1. Apache™ FOP: General questions
- 1.1. What is Apache™ FOP?
- 1.2. What can I do with FOP?
- 1.3. What does "FOP" stand for?
- 1.4. How does FOP interact with other Apache Projects?
- 1.5. What is XSL?
- 1.6. What is XSL-FO?
- 1.7. What is XSLT?
- 1.8. When will feature X be implemented?
- 1.9. When is the next released planned?
- 1.10. Why did you redesign FOP between Versions 0.2X and 0.9X?
- 1.11. How can I contribute?
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2. Problems running FOP
- 2.1. I get the error: [ERROR]: 'master-reference' for 'fo:page-sequence' matches no 'simple-page-master' or 'page-sequence-master'
- 2.2. I get a NoClassDefFound exception.
- 2.3. I get a NoSuchMethodException or a NoSuchFieldException exception.
- 2.4. I get an OutOfMemoryException.
- 2.5. I get a MalformedURLException.
- 2.6. I get an "[ERROR]: null", or a NullPointerException.
- 2.7. FOP returns the message "[ERROR] object|property - 'x' is not implemented yet." When will it be implemented?
- 2.8. FOP hangs. FOP does not exit.
- 2.9. FOP runs forever, writing lots of ">" to the log.
- 2.10. FOP cannot find a file for fo:external-graphics.
- 2.11. FOP does not find my fonts.
- 2.12. I get a SAXException: Mismatch: page-sequence vs. root (or similar).
- 2.13. The following message appears after recently upgrading FOP: "I/O exception while reading font cache (org.apache.fop.fonts.EmbedFontInfo; local class incompatible: stream classdesc serialVersionUID = -9075848379822693399, local class serialVersionUID =<PHONE_NUMBER>669997367). Discarding font cache file."
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3. Problems with FOP output
- 3.1. Leaders don't work in current FOP. Instead of filling the line, only three dots or a short ruler is output.
- 3.2. Why does FOP insert a blank page between my page sequences?
- 3.3. Why is my graphic not rendered?
- 3.4. My graphical images do not work properly.
- 3.5. Why is my graphic rendered at a different resolution than it was created?
- 3.6. Keep-with-next, keep-with-previous, keep-together don't work.
- 3.7. My tables are missing, or missing their content.
- 3.8. Text overflowing table cells and the like is not clipped. Long text flows into adjacent cells/block, obscuring stuff there.
- 3.9. The contents of table cells don’t wrap
- 3.10. FOP behaves differently from earlier versions when keep-together="always" is set on table cells
- 3.11. FOP tells me: "The contents of row 1 are taller than they should be". What does that mean?
- 3.12. Page numbers are not properly right aligned.
- 3.13. Hyphenation does not work.
- 3.14. When I use margins, my content in a nested table or block-containers gets indented twice. Is this a bug?
- 3.15. Why is the output of Java2D/AWT-based renderers different than, for example, PDF or PS?
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4. Embedding FOP. Using FOP in a servlet.
- 4.1. How do I use FOP in a servlet?
- 4.2. How do I use FOP in a servlet with an XSLT transformation?
- 4.3. How do I pass parameters to the XSLT transformation?
- 4.4. How do I use my own fonts when running FOP from a servlet?
- 4.5. How do I set the baseDir property in a servlet environment?
- 4.6. How do I use a user configuration file from a servlet?
- 4.7. I keep getting NoClassDefFound and other exceptions. How do I get FOP working for various servlet engines?
- 4.8. Can FOP be used in multithreaded environments?
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5. SVG specific questions
- 5.1. The rendering of SVG text in my PDF is of poor quality. Can I control this?
- 5.2. How do I use FOP with SVG on headless servers?
- 5.3. FOP does not exit if a SVG is included.
- 5.4. I have problems with SVG referring to gradients etc. using "uri(#stuff)". I get a MalformedURLException.
- 5.5. Why is my SVG rendered at a size different from that specified in my fo:external-graphic element?
- 5.6. FOP fails with something like "The attribute "width" of the element <rect> is required". What's wrong?
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6. PDF specific (includes Acrobat peculiarities)
- 6.1. How do I embed fonts in PDF?
- 6.2. Some characters are not displayed, or displayed incorrectly, or displayed as “#”.
- 6.3. What tools are available for post-processing my PDF document?
- 6.4. How do I add security features (encryption, disable printing) to my PDF document?
- 6.5. How do I add document properties (title, author, etc.) to my PDF document?
- 6.6. How do I add watermarks to my PDF document?
- 6.7. The PDF is printed contorted!
- 6.8. How do I control the Acrobat bookmark display?
- 6.9. How can I get rid of strange single-pixel lines inside table borders or between table cells in Adobe Acrobat?
- 7. IEx specific stuff
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8. General questions regarding XSLT, XSLFO, and basic XML
- 8.1. (FO) How do I vertically center an image or a table (or whatever)?
- 8.2. (FO) How do I center a table horizontally?
- 8.3. (FO) How to get page numbers printed on the "outer side" of the page (for books, for example)?
- 8.4. (FO) How do I use different static content for odd and even pages?
- 8.5. (FO) How do I get a special header on the first page?
- 8.6. (FO) How do I omit my headers on a blank page? How do I write "This page is left blank" on an intentionally blank page?
- 8.7. (FO) How do I print an Euro sign, a checkbox or other some other special symbols?
- 8.8. (FO) How do I keep linebreaks and hard spaces? How do I get preformatted text displayed as expected?
- 8.9. (FO) How do I print the total number of pages, for example "page 1 of 12"
- 8.10. (FO) The header overlaps body content. The body extends into the footer.
- 8.11. (FO) How do I get lines in the document, as separators, side bars or folding marks?
- 8.12. (FO) How do I validate my FO document?
- 8.13. (XML) How do I get a non-breaking space in FO? There are complaints about .
- 8.14. (XML) How do I enter special characters in XML? There are complaints about undefined entities, such as ü, which work in HTML.
- 8.15. (XML) There are complaints about illegal characters and entities in the input.
- 8.16. (XML) There are complaints about illegal bytes or characters in the input. There are odd characters in the result.
- 8.17. (XSLT) How can I use the current date and time in my document?
- 8.18. Can I use FOP to convert XHTML or HTML files to PDF?
- 8.19. I know it may be a bad idea to use FOP to convert XHTML or HTML files to PDF, but I want to do it anyway. Are there any tools available to help me?
- 9. Development-related Questions.
- 10. General suggestions. How to solve problems.
1. Apache™ FOP: General questions
1.1. What is Apache™ FOP?
FOP is a print formatter for XSL formatting objects.
It can be used to render an XML file containing XSL formatting objects into a page layout. The main target is PDF but other rendering targets are supported, such as AWT, PCL, text and direct printing.
1.2. What can I do with FOP?
FOP provides both an application and a library that converts an XSL FO document into paginated output.
The FOP command line application can be directly used to transform XML into PDF, PostScript, PCL and other formats, there is also an AWT based viewer integrated.
The library can be used in servlets and other Java applications.
1.3. What does "FOP" stand for?
FOP is an acronym for Formatting Object Processor
1.4. How does FOP interact with other Apache Projects?
XML Graphics Commons is used with FOP to provide graphics functions that are common to a number of Apache projects.
Batik is used with FOP to transcode an SVG image into a PDF document.
FOP also makes use of the following Apache projects:
1.5. What is XSL?
XSL is a W3C standard concerned with publishing XML documents. It consists of two parts: XSLT and XSL-FO. The acronym expands to eXtensible Stylesheet Language.
1.6. What is XSL-FO?
XSLFO (aka XSL-FO) is an XML vocabulary, defined by W3C Recommendation Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) Version 1.1, that is used to specify a pagination and other styling for page layout output. The acronym “FO” stands for Formatting Objects. XSLFO can be used in conjunction with XSLT to convert from any XML format into a paginated layout ready for printing or displaying.
XSLFO defines a set of elements in XML that describes the way pages are set up. The contents of the pages are filled from flows. There can be static flows that appear on every page (for headers and footers) and the main flow which fills the body of the page.
Synonyms: XSL FO, XSL (FO), XSL:FO, XSL-FO, Formatting Objects
1.7. What is XSLT?
XSLT describes the transformation of arbitrary XML input into other XML (like XSLFO), HTML or plain text. The “T” comes from Transformation. For historical reasons, a transformation is often also called a “style sheet”.
Synonyms: XSL transformation, XSL:T, XSL style sheet.
1.8. When will feature X be implemented?
The short answer is "Don't ask." For more details, see Understand FOP's Limitations.
1.9. When is the next released planned?
Version 1.1 of FOP was released on 20 October 2012. Work on a new Version 1.2 of Apache FOP is underway at this time, with no fixed date set for its release. If you want to speed up the process, consider contributing to FOP.
1.10. Why did you redesign FOP between Versions 0.2X and 0.9X?
The code redesign of FOP was necessary in order to be able to adress following issues:
- Keeps and Breaks
- XSL-FO Compliance in general
- Process Files of Arbitrary Size
- Minimize Memory Use
- Table Layout
1.11. How can I contribute?
There are numerous ways that you can help. They are outlined in the Developer's Introduction page.
2. Problems running FOP
2.1. I get the error: [ERROR]: 'master-reference' for 'fo:page-sequence' matches no 'simple-page-master' or 'page-sequence-master'
FOP was changed to be in accordance with the latest standard (see XSL standard).The page master for a fo:page-sequence is now referenced by the master-reference attribute. Replace the master-name attributes of your fo:page-sequence elements by master-reference attributes. You have to do this also for fo:single-page-master-reference, fo:repeatable-page-master-reference and fo:conditional-page-master-reference elements in you page master definitions.
Update your FO documents and style sheets.
2.2. I get a NoClassDefFound exception.
This is typically a problem with your classpath.
If you are running FOP from the command line:
- Use the command file fop.bat, fop.cmd or fop.js on MS Windows, or fop on Unix/Linux from the FOP distribution.
- If this doesn't help, check whether still all the jar files mentioned in the classpath in the fop.bat file are in their respective places.
If you run FOP embedded in your servlet, web application or other Java application, check the classpath of the application. Check the also the information pertaining to servlet engines for further hints.
If you downloaded the source distribution, or a snapshop from the repository, remember you have to build the FOP jars first.
2.3. I get a NoSuchMethodException or a NoSuchFieldException exception.
This is usually caused by an older version of one of the FOP jars or old XML tools in the classpath.
Incompatible versions of Batik may also cause this problem. Use the version of Batik that comes with FOP. It is not always possible to use a more recent version of Batik.
2.4. I get an OutOfMemoryException.
See FOP Memory.
2.5. I get a MalformedURLException.
What you probably think of as "file names" are usually URLs, in particular the src attribute of fo:external-graphic.
Because usage of URLs is growing, you should make yourself familiar with it. The relevant specification is RFC 2396.
In a nutshell, the correct syntax for an absolute file URL is file:///some/path/file.ext on Unix and file:///z:/some/path/file.ext on Windows systems. Note the triple slash, and also that only forward slashes are used, even on windows.
A relative file URL starts with anything but a slash, and doesn't have the file: prefix, for example file.ext, path/file.ext or ../file.ext. The string file:path/file.ext is not a relative URL, in fact, it isn't a valid URL at all since the file scheme does not (officially) support relative paths. A relative URL is subject to a resolving process, which transforms it into an absolute URL.
2.6. I get an "[ERROR]: null", or a NullPointerException.
This is a very likely a bug in FOP. If you encounter this error, please Open a New Bug.
2.7. FOP returns the message "[ERROR] object|property - 'x' is not implemented yet." When will it be implemented?
See FOP's Standards Compliance page.
2.8. FOP hangs. FOP does not exit.
The most likely reason is a known problem with the Java run time environment which is triggered by rendering SVGs. Sun's JDK 1.4 and later do not have this problem. See also FOP does not exit if a SVG is included.
Another possibility is that FOP went into a non terminating loop. Usually this is indicated by lots of log messages of the form "[INFO]: [NNNN]" which indicate a new page has been started or box overflows. After some time, FOP will crash with an OutOfMemoryException.
If you called the FOP command line application from some other program, for example from Java using Runtime.exec(), it may hang while trying to write log entries to the output pipe. You have to read the FOP output regularly to empty the pipe buffer. It is best to avoid exec'ing FOP, use the library interface instead.
If you can reproduce this problem given a specific input and configuration, then please Open a New Bug.
2.9. FOP runs forever, writing lots of ">" to the log.
There is something too large to fit into the intended place, usually a large image, a table whose rows are kept together or a block with a space-before or space-after larger than the page size. Catch the first page showing this phenomenon and check it. If it is not obvious which element causes the trouble, remove stuff until the problem goes away. Decrease the dimensions of the offending element or property, or increase the dimension of the enclosing element or container, or remove keep-with-* properties.
2.10. FOP cannot find a file for fo:external-graphics.
The src attribute of the fo:external-graphics element requires a URI, not a file name. See External Resources for more information about specifying URIs.
2.11. FOP does not find my fonts.
Did you get: “Failed to read font metrics file C:\foo\arial.xml : File "C:\foo\arial.xml" not found”? The value for the metrics-file attribute in the user config file is actually an URL, not a file name. Use "file:///C:/foo/arial.xml" instead.
If you used a relative URL, make sure your application has the working directory you expect. Currently FOP does not use the baseDir for resolving relative URLs pointing to font metric files.
Try also setting the font-base configuration.
2.12. I get a SAXException: Mismatch: page-sequence vs. root (or similar).
The full exception usually looks similar to this:
Mismatch: page-sequence (http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format) vs. root (http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format)
This exception is usually a follow-up error after another exception. Sometimes the original exception gets swallowed by Xalan's default ErrorListener (should be fixed in the latest Xalan release).
The work-around is to set an explicit ErrorListener on the Transformer. The ErrorListener can be as simple as this:
import javax.xml.transform.ErrorListener; import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException; public class DefaultErrorListener implements ErrorListener { public void warning(TransformerException exc) { System.err.println(exc.toString()); } public void error(TransformerException exc) throws TransformerException { throw exc; } public void fatalError(TransformerException exc) throws TransformerException { throw exc; } }
2.13. The following message appears after recently upgrading FOP: "I/O exception while reading font cache (org.apache.fop.fonts.EmbedFontInfo; local class incompatible: stream classdesc serialVersionUID = -9075848379822693399, local class serialVersionUID =<PHONE_NUMBER>669997367). Discarding font cache file."
This message is a warning that FOP failed to read from the Font cache. Which means any Font auto detection or Font directories will be re-scanned. So this failure doesn't break anything.
To avoid the warning you can simply delete the old Font Cache file, which lives in ${base}\conf\font.cache (see font-base configuration).
3. Problems with FOP output
3.1. Leaders don't work in current FOP. Instead of filling the line, only three dots or a short ruler is output.
Leaders still work, in fact they work better than ever before. You'll just have to add text-align="justify" and/or text-align-last="justify" to the block with the leader. Be sure you haven't accidentally overridden the leader-length.maximum="100%" default value.
Earlier versions of FOP used to expand a leader to fill the rest of the line unconditionally, anything following it, like page numbers in a TOC, was actually shifted beyond the right margin.
The new implementation uses leader-length.optimum to determine where to break the line, and expands the leader only further if the line should be filled, as indicated by the text-align and text-align-last properties.
Actually due to the fuzzyness of the specification both the old and the new method are conformant (although adding text after the expanded leader in the old variant never was).
If you want to have a longer ruler or space in a non-justified line, you have to increase the leader-length.optimum property.
3.2. Why does FOP insert a blank page between my page sequences?
This is because spec conformance has been improved.
The force-page-count property controls how a FO processor pads page sequences in order to get certain page counts or last page numbers. The default is "auto". With this setting, if the next page sequence begins with an odd page number because you set the initial-page-number, and the current page sequence also ends with an odd page number, the processor inserts a blank page to keep odd and even page numbers alternating (similar for the case the current page sequence ends with an even page number and the next page sequence starts with an even page number).
If you don't want to have this blank page, use force-page-count="no-force".
3.3. Why is my graphic not rendered?
Most commonly, the external file is not being found by FOP. Check the following:
- Empty or wrong baseDir setting.
- Spelling errors in the file name (including using the wrong case).
- Security Problems (i.e. the image could not be accessed because FOP is not allowed to read the file). This is especially a problem if the external file is retrieved over HTTP. Possible issues include security settings on the server, server configuration, and missing cookies or other authorization information. Any easy way to check this is to cut and paste the source URL from the fo:external-graphic into the Location field of a browser on the machine where the FOP process will be running.
Other possibilities:
- The image format is not supported or not supported completely. See FOP Graphics Formats for a list of supported formats and related issues.
- The graphic may be too large to fit into the intended space.
- There may be something (static content) that is obscuring the graphic. (This is very rare).
3.4. My graphical images do not work properly.
See FOP Graphics Formats for a list of supported graphics formats and related issues.
3.5. Why is my graphic rendered at a different resolution than it was created?
See Graphics Resolution.
3.6. Keep-with-next, keep-with-previous, keep-together don't work.
Current FOP releases have extensive support for these properties. The current release, FOP 1.0, still supports the values "always" and "never" only, no numerical values. There may be a few places where keep-* still don't work, this should be very rare.
The concept is called “blind table”. The table is used for pure layout reasons and is not obvious in the output.
An example of an image and the image caption to be kept together:
<fo:table table-layout="fixed" width="100%"> <fo:table-column column-width="proportional-column-width(1)"/> <fo:table-body> <fo:table-row keep-with-next="always"> <fo:table-cell> <fo:block> <fo:external-graphic src="foo.jpg"/> </fo:block> </fo:table-cell> </fo:table-row> <fo:table-row> <fo:table-cell> <fo:block>Image Caption</fo:block> </fo:table-cell> </fo:table-row> </fo:table-body> </fo:table>
Consider upgrading to the latest version which supports keeps.
3.7. My tables are missing, or missing their content.
Check for fo:table-body around the rows. Usually FOP will catch this problem.
Also, the fo:table-with-caption element is not implemented, tables within such an element are dropped too. FOP generates an error message for this problem. Older DocBook style sheets generate fo:table-with-caption elements, so watch out.
3.8. Text overflowing table cells and the like is not clipped. Long text flows into adjacent cells/block, obscuring stuff there.
Since the overflow property doesn't apply to table-cell, you can wrap the cell content in a block-container and specify overflow="hidden" there. Alternatively, if you have long words overflowing table cells, try to get them hyphenated. Artificial names like product identifications or long numbers usually aren't hyphenated. You can try special processing at XSLT level, like
- clip long text,
- explicit wrapping+clipping,
- insert zero width spaces () to allow FOP to wrap.
Check the XSL FAQ and the XSL list archive for how to perform these tasks.
3.9. The contents of table cells don’t wrap
You probably have keep-together="always" set on the table cell. See next question.
3.10. FOP behaves differently from earlier versions when keep-together="always" is set on table cells
Support for inline-level keeps has been added in FOP 0.95, and setting keep-together="always" also implicitly sets keep-together.within-line="always", which forbids FOP to break the text into multiple lines. Set keep-together.within-column="always" on table-cell instead. It’s a good idea not to use the shorthand keep-together="always" at all!
3.11. FOP tells me: "The contents of row 1 are taller than they should be". What does that mean?
This is usually caused by setting a "height" on a table-row or table-cell and when the content is higher than the specified height. By setting "height" (a so-called corresponding property) you implicitely set block-progression-dimension.minimum, block-progression-dimension.optimum and block-progression-dimension.maximum to the same value. You'll get some information about that in the warning message. Look for something like: "MinOptMax[min=opt=max=14000]".
Assuming you set the height on the table-row to 14pt and your content is 75pt high, a constraint (maximum=14pt) is violated. Normally, you just want to make sure with the "height" property that the row has a minimum height. If that is so, the right solution is to specify block-progression-dimension.minimum="14pt" instead of height="14pt".
3.12. Page numbers are not properly right aligned.
This happens for fo:page-number-citation elements if the citation occurs before FOP formatted the requested page, usually in TOC or index pages. It is caused by the problem that FOP has to guess how much space the yet unknown page number will occupy, and usually the guesses are somewhat off.
The most recent FOP releases should have this problem fixed. Check whether you can upgrade.
3.13. Hyphenation does not work.
Make sure you have set the language and optionally the country attributes for an appropriate XSL-FO element (fo:page-sequence, fo:block or fo:character):
<fo:page-sequence language="fi">
See Hyphenation Support for details and instructions on using hyphenation with FOP.
Explicitly enable hyphenation for an appropriate XSL-FO element (fo:block, fo:character):
<fo:block hyphenate="true">
3.14. When I use margins, my content in a nested table or block-containers gets indented twice. Is this a bug?
No, although you might easily think so. The problem has to do with property inheritance of the start-indent and end-indent properties to which the margin properties are mapped. Apache FOP strictly adheres to the XSL-FO specification here which many other commercial FO implementations don't do to better meet end-user expectations. You can make FOP behave like these if you set setBreakIndentInheritanceOnReferenceAreaBoundary(true) on the FOUserAgent. The better way is to reset start-indent and end-indent to "0pt" on table-body or block-container. For further details, please consult the Wiki page on Indent Inheritance.
3.15. Why is the output of Java2D/AWT-based renderers different than, for example, PDF or PS?
If you render the same document once to a PNG or TIFF and once into a PDF, the output may not be the same, i.e. line breaks are different or lines may have different heights. The reason for this: The Java2D-based renderers use the font subsystem of Java2D/AWT. The PDF and PS renderers use FOP's own font subsystem which provides much better font metrics than Java2D. These can lead to different layout decisions when the same document is rendered with different renderers. An alternative approach to fix this problem might be available but it hasn't been tested, yet. See also the notes on fonts in the various output formats.
4. Embedding FOP. Using FOP in a servlet.
4.1. How do I use FOP in a servlet?
4.2. How do I use FOP in a servlet with an XSLT transformation?
See Using FOP in a Servlet with XSLT Transformation.
4.3. How do I pass parameters to the XSLT transformation?
See Using FOP in a Servlet with XSLT Transformation.
4.4. How do I use my own fonts when running FOP from a servlet?
Declare the fonts in the userconfig.xml file as usual. See loading the user configuration file for further details.
4.5. How do I set the baseDir property in a servlet environment?
See Setting the Configuration Programmatically.
4.6. How do I use a user configuration file from a servlet?
See Using a Configuration File in an Embedded App.
4.7. I keep getting NoClassDefFound and other exceptions. How do I get FOP working for various servlet engines?
See Servlet Engines.
4.8. Can FOP be used in multithreaded environments?
See Multithreading FOP.
5. SVG specific questions
5.1. The rendering of SVG text in my PDF is of poor quality. Can I control this?
See Placing SVG Text into PDF.
5.2. How do I use FOP with SVG on headless servers?
5.3. FOP does not exit if a SVG is included.
Applies to older FOP versions and JDK 1.3 and older. That's because there is an AWT thread hanging around. The solution is to put a System.exit(0) somewhere.
5.4. I have problems with SVG referring to gradients etc. using "uri(#stuff)". I get a MalformedURLException.
This is really a "resolving relative URI" problem with some twists. The problem is that the #stuff URL fragment identifier is resolved within the current SVG document. So the reference must be valid within the XML subset and it cannot reference other SVG documents in the same XML file. Some options to try:
- Put the SVG into a separate file and use it with fo:external-graphics.
- Use a separate SVG file which contains only the gradient (and perhaps other SVG stuff you want to reference) and point an absolute URL to it: fill="url(file:///c:/refstuff/grad.svg#PurpleToWhite)".
- Same as above but use a relative URL: fill="url(grad.svg#PurpleToWhite)". This may be easier to deploy.
- Make sure that the reference is valid in the current SVG document.
In any case, the referenced stuff has to be pointed to by an URL. It doesn't necessarily have to be a file URL, HTTP should also work. Also, expect a performance hit in all cases, because another XML file has to be retrieved and parsed.
Ultimately, both FOP and especially Batik should be fixed to make your code work as expected, but this will not only take some time but also some effort by a standard committee in order to make the semantics of this kind of references in embedded SVG clearer.
See also MalformedURLException
5.5. Why is my SVG rendered at a size different from that specified in my fo:external-graphic element?
See SVG Scaling.
5.6. FOP fails with something like "The attribute "width" of the element <rect> is required". What's wrong?
This phenomenon is not a bug in FOP, but rather in the dependent packages: Apache Batik, Apache Xalan-J and SAXON. The bug in Apache Batik will be fixed in the next release. In the latest release of Apache Xalan-J, the bug is already fixed. It only occurs in the Xalan version bundled with Sun's JVM, because Sun uses a rather old version.
Bug description: In a namespace-enabled Level 3 DOM, an attribute in the default namespace must be set with "null" as the value for the namespace URI. SAX, on the other side, uses an empty string ("") to designate the default namespace. Many packages appear to not properly handle this difference in which case they still use the empty string as the namespace URI parameter for org.w3c.dom.Element.setAttributeNS().
Work-around: Use the latest version of Apache Xalan-J. Note that starting with JDK 1.4 it's not enough to replace Xalan-J on the normal application classpath and you need to override the Xalan-J version bundled with the Sun JVM using the Endorsed Standards Override Mechanism, i.e. you must place Xalan-J in the "lib/endorsed" directory of your JRE.
6. PDF specific (includes Acrobat peculiarities)
6.1. How do I embed fonts in PDF?
See the Fonts page for information about embedding fonts.
6.2. Some characters are not displayed, or displayed incorrectly, or displayed as “#”.
This usually means the selected font doesn't have a glyph for the character.
The standard text fonts supplied with Acrobat Reader have mostly glyphs for characters from the ISO Latin 1 character set. For a variety of reasons, even those are not completely guaranteed to work, for example you can't use the fi ligature from the standard serif font. Check the overview for the default PDF fonts.
If you use your own fonts, the font must have a glyph for the desired character. Furthermore the font must be available on the machine where the PDF is viewed or it must have been embedded in the PDF file. See embedding fonts.
For most symbols, it is better to select the symbol font explicitely, for example in order to get the symbol for the mathematical empty set, write:
<fo:inline font-family="Symbol">∅</fo:inline>
The "#" shows up if the selected font does not define a glyph for the required character, for example if you try:
<fo:inline font-family="Helvetica">∅</fo:inline>
6.3. What tools are available for post-processing my PDF document?
See PDF Post-processing.
6.4. How do I add security features (encryption, disable printing) to my PDF document?
See PDF Encryption. See also PDF Post-processing.
6.5. How do I add document properties (title, author, etc.) to my PDF document?
See Metadata.
6.6. How do I add watermarks to my PDF document?
See PDF Watermarks.
6.7. The PDF is printed contorted!
Check the paper size in Acrobat settings and the "fit to page" print setting. Contorted printing is often caused by a mismatched paper format, for example if the setting is "US Letter" but the PDF was made for A4. Sometimes also the printer driver interferes, check its settings too.
6.8. How do I control the Acrobat bookmark display?
FOP supports the starting-state property of the XSL 1.1 fo:bookmark element which can be used for this. The color, font-style and font-weight properties on fo:bookmark-title are not yet supported, though.
6.9. How can I get rid of strange single-pixel lines inside table borders or between table cells in Adobe Acrobat?
Since Apache FOP supports the collapsed border model, every border segment consists of two separate shapes. This is due to the fact that each side of the border segment can have a different color. Now, Adobe Acrobat may display thin (1 pixel wide) lines inside the border segment or sometimes even between to adjacent colored rectangles making up the background of a block or table cell. This effect is due to the way Adobe Acrobat does anti-aliasing. Adobe's algorithm seems to cause these artifacts. Other PDF viewers don't have that problem. Or at least we haven't had any reports in that direction.
First of all, these artifacts do not appear in print since no anti-aliasing is done by Adobe Acrobat in this case (except maybe if you tell Acrobat to print the page as a bitmap in which case Adobe fully composes the page itself). So, if the artifacts appear on screen, it doesn't mean they have to appear in print, too.
To get rid of the artifacts, you can call up the "Preferences" dialog of Adobe Acrobat and select the tab "Page display". Enabling "Enhance thin lines" may help in some situations. Otherwise, you can disable "Smooth line art". You may have to disable "Use 2D graphics acceleration", too, so you can disable "Smooth line art" in the first place.
Here an example of how the effect can look like (left: anti-aliasing on, right: anti-aliasing off):
Unfortunately, it is not possible to control the above settings from within the PDF file. The user has to change these settings himself. Improving FOP to avoid this kind of problem would be possible although rather hard to achieve because we'd need to add a considerable amount of code to combine the various line segments. Something like that has been tried already years ago showing that this is a tricky task. Also, the improvement may not justify the amount of effort required.
7. IEx specific stuff
7.1. The FOP servlet is called multiple times!
This is a problem of Internet Explorer requesting the content several times. Please see the notes on Internet Explorer for more information.
7.2. How do I print PDF directly from the browser?
It depends whether you mean "printing to a printer under control of the server" or "printing on the client's printer".
For the first problem, look at the print servlet in the FOP examples. You'll have to gather any printer settings in a HTML form and send it to the server.
For the second task, you can use some client side script to start Acrobat Reader in print mode, or use a Java applet based on the FOP print servlet. This depends heavily on the client installation and should not be relied on except in tightly controlled environments.
See also http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=fop-dev&m=101065988325115&w=2
8. General questions regarding XSLT, XSLFO, and basic XML
8.1. (FO) How do I vertically center an image or a table (or whatever)?
See XSL-FO Vertical Centering.
8.2. (FO) How do I center a table horizontally?
See XSL-FO Horizontal Centering (Tables).
8.3. (FO) How to get page numbers printed on the "outer side" of the page (for books, for example)?
See Recto/Verso Static Content Differences.
8.4. (FO) How do I use different static content for odd and even pages?
See Recto/Verso Static Content Differences.
8.5. (FO) How do I get a special header on the first page?
See Making the First Page Special.
8.6. (FO) How do I omit my headers on a blank page? How do I write "This page is left blank" on an intentionally blank page?
See Blank Pages.
8.7. (FO) How do I print an Euro sign, a checkbox or other some other special symbols?
See Special Characters.
8.8. (FO) How do I keep linebreaks and hard spaces? How do I get preformatted text displayed as expected?
8.9. (FO) How do I print the total number of pages, for example "page 1 of 12"
See Total Document Pages.
8.10. (FO) The header overlaps body content. The body extends into the footer.
See Aligning Regions.
8.11. (FO) How do I get lines in the document, as separators, side bars or folding marks?
See Drawing Lines.
8.12. (FO) How do I validate my FO document?
See Validating XSL-FO.
8.13. (XML) How do I get a non-breaking space in FO? There are complaints about .
8.14. (XML) How do I enter special characters in XML? There are complaints about undefined entities, such as ü, which work in HTML.
8.15. (XML) There are complaints about illegal characters and entities in the input.
See Using HTML Character Names.
8.16. (XML) There are complaints about illegal bytes or characters in the input. There are odd characters in the result.
See XML Encoding Issues.
8.17. (XSLT) How can I use the current date and time in my document?
8.18. Can I use FOP to convert XHTML or HTML files to PDF?
You will get better results if you transform your source XML directly into XSLFO. It is tempting to use the XML->XHTML->XSLFO approach, because this apparently means there's only one transformation to maintain, but XHTML and publishing grade PDF are dissimilar enough that an "generic" XHTML->XSLFO(PDF) usually wont cut it, because the XHTML already lacks information from the original XML. It may be worthwhile to go from the source XML to an intermediate custom XML which on one hand is close enough to representation to allow simple transformation to either XHTML or XSLFO for most of the structure, but on the other hand retains enough semantic from the original XML that elements which must be handled differently in the two representations can be handled differently. Setting this up requires experience and most likely extensive prototyping.
8.19. I know it may be a bad idea to use FOP to convert XHTML or HTML files to PDF, but I want to do it anyway. Are there any tools available to help me?
The FOP Resources page has links to a tool called html2fo which can be used to make such a transformation. In addition, there are tools on the Antenna House XSL-FO Tutorial and Sample page.
9. Development-related Questions.
10. General suggestions. How to solve problems.
10.1. I think I have found a bug in FOP. What should I do?
See the Bugs page for information about bugs already reported and how to report new ones.
10.2. I have questions that are not addressed in this FAQ. Where should I post them?
- If your question is a development-related question, please see the Developer FAQs.
-
If you have a runtime exception or other runtime problem:
- Double check the Runtime FAQs.
- ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchMethodException and NoSuchFieldException problems are almost always a problem with the local environment. Try to get local help first.
- Check Reported Issues to see if this is a known problem.
- If none of the above apply, post a question to the fop-dev mailing list.
- In the case where something works properly with another formatter, (e.g., AntennaHouse, PassiveTex, etc.) but doesn't work with FOP, please check the Release Notes, the FOP Standards Compliance document, and the remaining FAQ in this document. If not found there, look at the list of Bugs Already Reported. If not found there, please post a question on the fop-user mailing list or Open a New Bug.
- Question about how to use FOP, how to perform certain tasks with FOP or how to integrate FOP into another application should be posted to fop-user.
- XSLT specific stuff sould go to the XSL list. This includes problems with the language and XSLT HOW-TOs.
- Problems specific to a certain XSLT processor, like Xalan, Saxon or MSXML, should be handled by processor specific lists. This includes problems with deployment, processor specific extensions, suspected bugs and processor specific APIs. Note that JDK 1.4 and later come with an XML parser and an XSLT processor which may be the source of the problem.
- Problems with servlet containers should be asked on the vendor specific lists for these software packages.
- More general questions regarding Java, including deployment, Java APIs, classpath issues and property definitions should be redirected to an appropriate Java specific list.


Drupalcamp Cebu is a one day conference about Web development with sessions about Drupal, DevOPS, UI/UX and Business. It is the largest Drupal event in this part of the world for four consecutive years and has welcomed international speakers and attendees.
Save 250PHP, early bird promo 50% until 25 Oct.
This event is hosted by CIT University.


How do I... Use different trees for different bots?
When running multiple bots simultaneously, such as in a load test, a common question is the relationship between bots and behavior trees. Here is the break down: your test run will have many bots, but only one tree describing how the bots should behave. Each bot is an individual "instance" of the same tree.
You might be inclined to want to be able to assign different trees to different bots, such as having some bots that are "read only" and some that are "write only."
You can't do this directly, but it is not hard to get the same result by describing what you want at the root level of your tree:
def tree do
Node.random_weighted([
{write_tree(), 1},
{read_tree(), 4}
])
end
def write_tree() do
Node.repeat_until_fail(
Node.always_succeed(
Node.sequence([
...
])
)
)
end
# read_tree is similar
In this example, for every five bots, one of them will "choose" the write tree and four of them will choose the read tree (approximately, it is random). Once a bot has "chosen" a path, it will loop in that sub tree forever (until it dies).
While this is a useful pattern, think twice before doing something so "contrived." Consider if the behavior you are creating represents real user behavior. If you are trying to do a brute force performance test, this might be useful, but in the real world users don't segregate this way. Some users might be more read or write heavy, but they usually will alternate between varying durations of reading and writing different types of content. You can more accurately model this with a well crafted tree that randomly yet fluidly transitions between various sub trees.


Robotic Arts Intro Fall 2019 (IA277.01)
- Instructor: Lucas Yasunaga Haroldsen<EMAIL_ADDRESS>- Class Site: yasunaga.work/raif19
- syllabus: syllabus.pdf
- Resources: links.html
- Office hours: Tuesday 1 - 4pm
11/1: Powering your project--- [motor movement]
What we will cover today
- How to power your Arduino
- Introduction to motors and different kinds of motors
- Charactoristics of motors
- Voltage
- Current draw
- RPM
- Using benchtop powersupply
- testing your motor
- Motor attatchments
- DC motor -- Darlington Transistor with Arduino
- DC motor -- Relay with Arduino
- Shop tour and demo with Tim at 1:30pm
Kinetics resources
Here are some basic mechanisms that can be used to convert rotational movements to lenior and extended movements.
-
Here are some useful articles and tools
- Online gear generator (you can hand cut from prints)
- OpenSCAD parametric gear generator
- Article on Basic Mechanics
- Mechanism examples
- Homopolar motors
Another Housefly - Arthur Ganson
Katie Wynne
Final Project
It's time to start thinking about your project to realize. Final project is due December 6th and December 13th. You have 5 - 6 weeks to complete the project.
Here is the schedule:
- 11/8 idea drawing due
- 11/22 working prototype due (part of final grade)
- 12/6 and 12/13 Project due / presentation
- 12/18 Documentation due
Keep it
- simple
- experimental
- economical
- realized
Contents
circus by Yuko Mori
Eyes by Lucas ZanottoSandbox by Rafael Lozano-Hemmer
Digital Fabrication
3D printing and modeling
3D printers
We have three 3D printers in house! Let me know if you have a file you want to print during the class. I can print them and go over how to use the printers.
3D modeling software
- OpenSCAD: Free code based 3D modeling software. Great if you are good at coding
Basic Tutorials - Rhinoceros 3D: Popular paid 3D modeling software that cost ~$200 for students. Installed on computers on the 4th floor computer LAB.
Tutorials at Lynda.com through your MICA portal - TINKERCAD :Free basic online 3D modeling software
- Netfabb: Free software for cleaning your 3D models
Tutorial on how to fix and repair 3D models using Netfabb or Meshlab
HOMEWORK
Idea drawing and game plan for Final Project
For next week be ready to discuss;
- ideas and drawings of your project
- inspirations
- potential chalenges of your project
- loose schedule
If you have materials you know you want to work with get them ASAP and start experimenting with them!
Watch "Simple Brain"
The simple brain from Karin Schagen on Vimeo.
- OpenSCAD: Free code based 3D modeling software. Great if you are good at coding


This is a simple page template
Hello Harry Houdini, People from Tulsa, in Oklahoma, can clearly see values substituted into the text. Goodbye


THESIS
IMMUNOGENETICS OF SALMONID SERUM PROTEINS
Submitted by
Richard A. De Long
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Colorado State University
Fort Collins, Colorado
October, 1973
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.


The Mup Music Publication program
Mup is a free, yet very feature rich, music publication program.
Mup Version 7.0 is now available
in source form as well as ready-to-run for Windows, Mac OS X,
and Linux x86_64.
Music is described by a text file that you can create
using your favorite editor or the included Mupmate program.
Mup then determines how to lay out the music,
and generates PostScript output for displaying or printing it.
It is a powerful and flexible program, which has been used on many thousands of
songs in a wide variety of styles, both instrumental and vocal.
Mup's features include:
-
Up to 40 staffs, which can include 1-line, 5-line, and tablature staffs.
Output can be restricted to any subset of the staffs.
Different staffs can be different sizes.
-
Up to 3 independent voices per staff, up to 70 simultaneous notes per voice.
-
Octuple whole to 256th notes, with any number of dots.
Tuplets.
-
Note styles of normal, grace, cue, X, diamond, plus shaped notes and
mensural notation.
Up to 4 accidentals per note, including custom accidentals.
Optional parentheses around notes and/or accidentals.
-
Cross-staff stems.
-
Time signatures of cut, common, or numerators from 1 to 99
and denominators from 1 to 64.
Complicated time signatures, including numerators with two or more numbers
added together, or two or more fractions added together,
or alternating time signatures.
-
All standard clefs, including treble, treble8, 8treble, French violin,
soprano, mezzosoprano, alto, tenor, baritone, bass, bass8, 8bass, and subbass,
as well as the drum (neutral) clef.
Clefs can be changed in the middle of measures.
-
Bar line styles of single, double, dashed, dotted, end, repeats, or none.
Bar lines can be on staffs or between them. Subbars can be shown.
-
8th notes and shorter notes can have either flags or beams; beams
can be cross-staff.
-
Guitar grids.
-
Lyrics can be placed above, below, or between staffs.
Unlimited number of verses, with control of font and size.
-
Headers and footers.
They can be different for left- and right-hand pages.
-
Staffs can be grouped with braces or brackets.
-
Automatic transposition of music and/or chord marks per staff.
-
First and subsequent endings.
-
Optional rehearsal marks and/or automatic measure numbering.
Rehearsal marks can be boxed, circled, or plain.
-
Crescendo/decrescendo marks.
-
Rolls, ornaments, fermatas, accents.
-
Single, double, and quad measure repeats.
-
Ties, slurs, phrase marks, octave marks, piano pedal marks, etc.
Ties, slurs, and phrase marks can be solid, dotted, or dashed.
-
Suport for figured bass, analysis, and chords.
-
Optional MIDI file output. (Very useful for "proof-listening"
to your songs to check for input mistakes!)
Custom accidentals and alternate tuning systems are supported.
Gradual changes can be specified.
-
PostScript output for printing on any PostScript compatible output device.
Can be used with
Ghostscript.
-
All symbols in all standard PostScript fonts supported, in 1 to 100 point size.
-
Input is a text file, for easy portability between computer systems.
-
Macros and "include" files.
-
General "if" clauses that can be used to generate different outputs based
on values of parameters.
-
Mup will determine how to lay out the music, but there are
numerous user controls available to fine-tune the output to meet your
specific needs.
-
Comprehensive User's Guide provided in both
PostScript and
HTML formats,
including many examples.
http://www.arkkra.com


Well, it comprises of the following basic steps:
- Decide on the task at hand
- Set the Pomodoro (timer) to 25 minutes
- Work on the task until the timer expires; Record with an X
- Take a Short Break (5 minutes)
- Every four "pomodoros", take a Long Break (10 minutes)


We are creating the first NFT Fantasy League. Season #1 starts in 2021.
How it will work?
1. Crypto artists submit their works on each stage. Each stage going 7 days. About 20-30 stages are planned per season;
2. Users within 2 weeks vote for their favorite works with the native NFTL token
3. Before the start of voting, a Draft window opens. Everyone who buys Fantasy Pass at this stage will be able to collect their Fantasy Team from authors and works, as well as indicate: the number of votes, income (author, works), auction sales, etc.
4. At the end of the voting, a 24 hour auction is held for all works in the stage
5. After the end of the auction, unsold works go to the secondary market, the winners are determined among crypto artists and Fantasy Team members.
After the launch of NFTL, we plan to use the developments to create Fantasy League on the blockchain in any area.
CyberTime Farming Week#1 from 19 to 26 February
- No pre-sales or overrated project estimates. The community itself forms a fair price for tokens. Starting prices at Uniswap: NFTL - 0.01 $ / CTF - 1 $
- Don't pay - FARM! Stake your tokens in the 18 pools and earn NFTL tokens
- 100% of NFTL tokens will be distributed to the community. 20% - Cyber Farming, 40% - Crypto Art Contests, 40% - Fantasy League
- Stake earned NFTL into the liquidity pool and receive governance token CTF (CyberTime Finance)
We create an exclusive NFT collection of 86,400 NFTs (seconds in 24
hours).
This is a performance project that develops at the expense of the
community. We plan to work with authors, winners of NFT League
stages to create unique NFTs.
Each author is allocated 1 minute = 60 seconds = 60 NFT, where he
creates a unique work. It will be the same on all 60 NFTs, the only
difference is the changing seconds. Having bought 1 NFT, a person
buys 1 second from the CyberTime world.
The peculiarity of the project is that a native token will be
launched. $ SEC, which will allow the owner of the NFT to make an
exchange in one direction and the other at any time. This will
greatly increase the liquidity of the NFT.
We will launch a voting system on the https://snapshot.page
Each owner of 8 CTF tokens can vote.
Phase 1 - This is the NFT Fantasy League platform, where we will try to implement interaction with NFT in a playful way. You don't have to buy NFT, you can be successful in creating a Fantasy Team. For NFT contributors, this is a huge potential to grow sales and increase their popularity.
Phase 2 - We are confident in the success of the NFT Fantasy League. It will start generating income from different directions (voting, Fantasy Pass, auctions, secondary market). All funds will go to the Community Development Fund and on the basis of it we want to launch the DAO accelerator of new products. The main condition is that part of the profit from these products will go to buy out CTF & NFTL tokens, which will again fall into the Community Dev Fund and so on in a circle.
Phase 3 - Based on our developments in the direction of the NFT Fantasy League, we plan to deploy the Fantasy League platform for any area. Sports, e-sports, gaming, trading. Broadly speaking, Fantasy League can be everywhere. And here independent teams will start their projects on the basis of our platform.


I live at localhost:3000 Forms hosted by a Server
Cookies
Name
Flavor
Quantity
Cookies with POST
Name
Flavor
Quantity


CodeMesh returns to Sofia 11th – 12th May, 2017. We promise you the very best developer content and awesome experiences.
The urge for coding innovations is the same as the urge to go on living
CodeMesh returns to Sofia 11th – 12th May, 2017. We promise you the very best developer content and awesome experiences.
This year, CodeMesh is welcoming top speakers not only from the country, but Europe and even USA!
We're also going to have a much bigger and cooler networking event after the conference!
Join us and immerse yourself in all the different tracks and topics available to out attendees!
When you’re busy leading a team, coding and maintaining standards, how do you find the time to stay ahead of new technologies and develop yourself as a technical lead? Software continues to transform the world in remarkable ways and developers are at the center of it. At CodeMesh 2017 we invite you to join us in Sofia to learn about latest new technologies and exciting plans on the horizon. As always, CodeMesh is filled with strong technical sessions as well as opportunities to meet and learn from others in the industry. We’ll make sure the schedule is filled with solid content, and will strive to deliver some fun surprises along the way.
You can code and create, and build the most wonderful place in the world.
Our speakers are not only top quality professionals, but they are also really awesome facilitators!
sean beamon
front-end developer
rodolfo faison
linux developer
nydia gaunt
qa
kum wathen
ruby on rails
morton hirt
ASP.NET
john simsons
cloud services


Visualizations can also present challenges to other people. A fast-moving video, for example, may be difficult to follow for someone with dyslexia who needs more time to read. Someone who is hearing-impaired may need captions if there is spoken text or sounds. Translators exist for text in webpages, but the text in an image or video cannot be translated easily into another language.
in-context


The club is able to run a limited amount of childrens (or adults) birthday parties throughout the year. The package includes train rides on the raised track and is based around Willow Tree Halt Station. Parties are run from 2:30pm to 4:30pm.
Cost: £200, a £50 non returnable deposit required to reserve booking.
As the ground track will be in use during parties, the club cannot offer use of it’s catering or toilet facilities. Public toilets are located within the park. We will require an appropriate parent to child ratio for supervision and expect them to join in the fun.
We will run two trains to cater for your needs. We aim for at least one train to be a steam train. Please note steam trains can emit dirt/oil/hot embers which can mark clothes. If you don’t like the idea of steam we can offer electric trains.
As parties are run during public running days on the ground level track, there are a limited number of days we can cater for, a list of the dates this year are below, booked dates are crossed out:


Resetting the preferences
If you are experiencing problems with Hextrapolate you may wish to reset its preferences.
To reset Hextrapolate’s preferences:
- Quit Hextrapolate
- Using the Finder, go to your home directory and open the Library folder
- Inside the Library folder, open the Preferences folder
- Drag the file com.wincent.Hextrapolate.plist from the Preferences folder to your Desktop, or to the Trash if you wish to dispose of it permanently
The next time you launch Hextrapolate it will automatically create a new preferences file.


Google adds new photo controls and faster Assistant in first Pixel feature drop
Google is also rolling out an update to its memory management to ‘proactively compress’ background apps.
Google has started running “feature drops” for its Pixel smartphones as part of a new way to regularly provide users with the latest features.
The tech giant is rolling out the first package from Monday, which includes greater photo editing controls, allowing handset owners to blur the background of images, even if they were taken sometime ago.
As part of the update, Google said Pixel 4 devices in the UK and Ireland will be “soon” receive a new faster and more helpful voice-powered Google Assistant.
The new Recorder app is due to arrive on older generations of the Pixel, while Pixel 3 and 3a handsets will be able to experience Live Caption, the company’s new AI-driven audio captioning option.
Google said it will also roll out an update to its memory management to “proactively compress” background apps in a bid to make the Pixel run more smoothly when multitasking.
Users in the US only will have an additional feature, automatic screening of robocalls to silently filter out cold calling – if it’s not spam, a description of who’s calling and why is provided, so users can decide if they wish to pick up.


Toggle navigation
♣
Games
Bidding
was chosen as trump suit.
Do you want to play?
Bidding
Choose the trump suit:
remove
add


See the Wikipedia article of the original game for a thorough description.
The computer makes a code of colored pegs. Your goal is to figure it out based on the feedback given by the computer.
You get feedback in the form of white and black key pegs. A white key peg means that one of your pegs is of the right color, but in the wrong place. A black key peg means that one of your pegs is both of the right color, and in the right place.
Start a new game by clicking the "Start new game" button on the left.
Select a peg color by clicking a peg in the bottom row. The currently selected color is highlighted.
Place pegs of the selected color by clicking the fields of the active row on the game board.
Press the "Guess" button to make the computer evaluate your guess.


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Fig. S1. Decadal averaged (2000–2009) surface current speed ... |
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Fig. S2. Annual maximum UML depth based on the monthly mean ... |
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Fig. S3. Same as Fig. S2 for the annual mean dissolved Inorg ... |
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Fig. S4. Same as Fig. S2 for the annual mean water column pr ... |
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Fig. S5. Same as Fig. 3 for annual DIN averaged over top 10 ... |
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Fig. S6. Number of years in a decade 2010–2019 (a) and 2020– ... |
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Fig. S7. The first occurrence of a monthly mean undersaturat ... |
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Fig. S8. Vertical extent of oxygen minimum (O 2 < 50 mmol O ... |
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Fig. S9. Decadal averaged (2000–2009) surface current speed ... |
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Fig. S10. Annual averaged primary production (g C m −2 yr −1 ... |
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Fig. S11. A simplified diagram presenting the main climatic‐ ... |
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Appendix S1 Climate risk factors for marine ecosystems. |


UD for Belarusian
Tokenization and Word Segmentation
The low-level tokenization generally adopts the RNC standard.
- In general, tokens are delimited by whitespace. The regexp
[А-zА-яЁёУўі\-’'‘]+
usually corresponds to one token. - An apostrophe ⟨’⟩ (occasionally ⟨’⟩ and ⟨‘⟩ in the source texts) is part of the token when used to separate the non-palatalized consonant and the iotated vowel: ⟨п’я п’е п’і п’ё п’ю⟩ /pja pjɛ pi pjɔ pju/.
- Punctuation (recognized by the corresponding Unicode property) that is conventionally written adjacent to the preceding or following word is separated during tokenization.
- Each punctuation mark is treated as a single token, e.g. the following sequence: )”, - becomes four tokens, ) , ”, ,, and -“. Exceptions are conventional multi-character punctuation marks such as – , … , ?! and emojis and smileys: :) , ^_^, etc.
- Conventional non-cyrillic multi-character terms are tokenized as single tokens: °С, км2.
Some special cases worth mentioning:
- Numerical expressions including decimal numbers, such as 245, 3,14, are treated as single tokens.
- Time expressions like 20:55 are splitted into separate tokens (in this case, three { 20 , : , 55 }).
- Dates like 20.04.2012 are splitted into separate tokens (in this case, five { 20 , . , 04 , . , 2012 }).
- Special symbols before and after numerical expressions, as in $500 , 2,67% , +27°С , are tokenised separately (so, the tokens are { $ , 500 } , { 2,67 , % } , { + , 27 , °С }).
- Numerical expressions with hyphen and cyrillic endings (e.g. 1-ый “1st”, 3-м “3rd.Ins”) as well as adjectives and other non-numerals which contain digits (e.g. 79-гадовы “79 year old”, 500-годдзе “500th anniversary”) are treated as single tokens.
- Other words with hyphen are treated as single tokens, except for the cases then the first part is inflected. Examples: { з-за } “because of”, { зялёна-шэрых } “green-gray”, { Санкт-Пецярбург } “St. Petersburg”, but { Ростове , - , на , - , Дону} “(in) Rostov on Don”.
- Abbreviations are treated as single tokens, whitespaces split the abbreviations.
- Abbreviations marked by a period, as in стр. “p. (page)”, П. “P. (for Peter)”, are treated as single tokens. If the period overlaps with the end of sentence period then it is written once as a separate token (denoting end-of-sentence), e.g. { 1914 , г , . } “year 1914”.
- Abbreviations can not contain a period inside, i.e. the patterns like і т.д. “and so on”, да т.п. “and so forth” are splitted into three tokens: { i , т. , д. }, { да , т. , п. }.
- Email addresses, URLs, and tweet-style names are treated as single tokens<EMAIL_ADDRESS>{https://github.com}, {@anna_li}
The Belarusian UD treebank does not contain multiword tokens.
Instruction: Describe the general rules for delimiting words (for example, based on whitespace and punctuation) and exceptions to these rules. Specify whether words with spaces and/or multiword tokens occur. Include links to further language-specific documentation if available.
Morphology
Tags
- Belarusian uses 16 universal POS categories; the current data does not contain any occurrences of the INTJ category.
- The only auxiliary verb is the copula быць “to be”. The conditional mood marker б “would” etymologically related to быць is also marked AUX.
- The pronoun (PRON) vs. determiner (DET) distinction is based on word lists because the traditional grammar does not define determiners. The DET category includes possessive (including reflexive and relative possessive), demonstrative, interrogative/relative, indefinite, negative, and universal (total) determiners that inflect for gender. The relative pronoun які is tagged either PRON) or (DET depending its syntactic role.
Features
- There are five main verbal forms, distinguished by the UPOS tag and the value of the VerbForm feature:
- (De)verbal nouns are not considered part of the verb paradigm and tagged NOUN.
- Verb Aspect has two possible values:
Perf
andImp
. - Tense has three possible values:
Past
,Pres
, andFut
. - Voice has three possible values:
Act
andMid
on the non-participle forms, andAct
andPass
on the participle forms. - Mood has three possible values:
Ind
,Imp
, andCnd
; the latter is tagged in AUX or SCONJ. - Number has two possible values:
Sing
andPlur
. - Gender has three possible values:
Masc
,Fem
, andNeut
. Gender is a lexical feature for NOUN, PROPN, and PRON and an inflectional agreement features for ADJ, DET, a few NUM, participle forms (VERB and AUX). - Animacy have two values:
Anim
andInan
. Animacy is a lexical feature for NOUN, PROPN, and PRON and a grammatical feature for ADJ, DET, a few NUM, participle forms (VERB and AUX). Only accusative forms (except for feminine singular) distinguish Animacy grammatically. - Case has six possible values:
Nom
,Gen
,Dat
,Acc
,Ins
,Loc
. - Person has three possible values:
1
,2
,3
and applies to the non-past finite verb forms (VERB and AUX) as an inflectional feature and to pronouns (PRON) as a lexical feature. - Degree has three possible values:
Pos
,Cmp
,Sup
and applies to ADJ and ADV.Cmp
also aplies to the ‘second’ comparative with the prefix po-. - Polarity has one value,
Neg
, and applies primarily to PART. The negative particle used with the verb is considered a separate token. However, Polarity applies also to a number of lexemes in which negation is incorporated within the verb, predicative, or adverb ((VERB, ADV: няма “there is no”, нягледзячы “regardless”). - PronType is used with pronouns (PRON) and determiners (DET).
- NumType is used with numerals (NUM).
Other Lexical Features
- Abbr applies to NOUN and PROPN.
- Foreign applies to X.
- Poss applies to possessive determiners (DET).
- Reflex applies to pronouns (PRON).
Language-Specific Features
- Variant distinguishes short and long forms of adjectives and participles, a Slavic-wide phenomenon. It has one value:
Short
, long forms are not labeled.
Syntax
Core Arguments, Oblique Arguments and Adjuncts
- Nominal subject (nsubj) is a noun phrase in the nominative case or in the genitive case (under negation or quantifier).
- The objects are divided to core objects, labeled obj or iobj, and oblique objects, labeled obl.
- In passive clauses, the nominal subject is labeled with nsubj:pass; the semantic subject in the instrumental case is labeled obl:agent.
Non-verbal Clauses
- Nominal clauses either use the copula (быць) “to be” or present simple juxtaposition without copula.
Relation Subtypes
- The following relation subtypes are used:
- acl:relcl for relative adnominal clauses;
- aux:pass for auxiliaries in passive clauses;
- nsubj:pass for nominal subjects of passive verbs;
- obl:agent for agents of passive verbs;
- nummod:gov for cardinal numbers that are attached as children of the counted noun but govern its case;
- nummod:entity for cardinal numbers that are attached as children of the counted noun but govern its case;
- advmod:discourse for adverbs or particles that that modify noun phrases and emphasize them;
- flat:foreign for flat relations in foreign multi-word expressions and named entities;
- flat:name for flat relations in names.
Instruction: Give criteria for identifying core arguments (subjects and objects), and describe the range of copula constructions in nonverbal clauses. List all subtype relations used. Include links to language-specific relations definitions if any.
Treebanks
There is one Belarusian UD treebanks:
Instruction: Treebank-specific pages are generated automatically from the README file in the treebank repository and
from the data in the latest release. Link to the respective *-index.html
page in the treebanks
folder, using the language code
and the treebank code in the file name.


#set( $text = {
"subject": "Reminder- Count Me In: Diet/Lifestyle Survey",
"salutation_self": "Dear {{participant_firstName}},",
"salutation_parent": "Dear {{proxy_firstName}},",
"invitation": "Thank you for {{\#if proxy_guid}}your child’s{{else}}your{{/if}} participation in Count Me In. We recently asked if you would be willing to take a survey about {{\#if proxy_guid}}your child’s{{else}}your{{/if}} diet and lifestyle habits.",
"login": "If you would like to complete the survey, this link will take you to the dashboard so you can pick up where you left off.",
"login_button": "Diet and Lifestyle Survey",
"learn_more": "Again, the survey is long and contains many sections, so we expect it will take most people approximately 30-45 minutes to complete. All questions are optional.",
"feedback": "Thank you for joining this movement. If you have questions at any point and would like to talk to a member of our study staff, please reach out to us at
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>or<PHONE_NUMBER>.",
"closing": "Sincerely,",
"study_team": "The Count Me In Team",
"footnote": "For additional updates, follow us on
Facebook,
Instagram or
Twitter."
})
#parse("diet_reminder.tmpl.html")


Variables
A Variable in simple terms is a storage place which has some memory allocated to it,variable used to store some form of data. Different types of variables require different amounts of memory.
Variable Types
- char : A character constant is created by enclosing a single character inside single quotation marks.
- int :An integer is a numeric constant (associated with number) without any fractional or exponential part.
- float : A floating point constant is a numeric constant that has either a fractional form or an exponent form.
- double : It is the double of the floating value.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
// declaration and definition of variable 'a1' for characters
char a1 = 'a';
// memory is allocated on name of'b' and assigned some garbage value .
int b;
// multiple declarations and definitions
double a,b,c;
float d = 3.5;
return 0;
}


Who left X Factor: Celebrity last night in the semi-final?
The X Factor: Celebrity whittled down its remaining six acts to its four finalists on Saturday night – meaning we had to bid farewell to two more acts.
Following last weekend’s show, when Vinnie Jones pleaded with Simon Cowell to send him home instead of Glee’s Kevin McHale, there was everything to play for ahead of next weekend’s grand final.
So who fell at the final hurdle in the movie-themed show?
Here’s what you need to know…
Who left X Factor: Celebrity last night in the semi-final?
Last night’s X Factor: Celebrity saw Vinnie Jones and rugby trio Try Star miss out on a place in next weekend’s final.
Vinnie lost out after finishing bottom of the public vote – and said his time on the show was ‘absolutely fantastic.’
Advertisement Advertisement
‘Simon, thank you for inviting me to be part of this,’ the former footballer added: ‘You’ve really helped me with my personal life bringing me on to this show and i was always be forever indebted to you, thank you very much.’
Meanwhile Try Star found themselves in the sing-off alongside girl band V5 – but ultimately it was the latter who made it through to next weekend, after Nicole Scherzinger sprung a surprise by choosing to send Try Star home – raising a few eyebrows given that she has been romantically linked to band member Thom Evans this week.

‘I felt like I saw the competitive side come out in you all and I have so much respect for you after that performance. And girls, you know I’ve loved you from day one. The act that I’m sending home is Try Star,’ Nicole concluded.
Simon, clearly taken aback by her decision, went on: ‘Wow, that was a surprise.
‘As I said earlier on it’s a popularity competition and it’s a talent competition. Boys what you’ve done in the weeks you’ve had available is unbelievable. Girls, in seven days you’ve been put together which is remarkable.
With both judges having voted off Try Star there was no need for Louis Walsh to vote, as they were eliminated from the competition, with Ben Foden telling Dermot O’Leary they had ‘loved every second’.
Advertisement Advertisement
‘We said to each other as long as we come out and give 110 per cent every time…we’ve loved every second of it, we can’t have any regrets,’ he revealed.
Who is in the X Factor: Celebrity final?
The following four acts have made it through:
- Jenny Ryan (Overs)
- Max and Harvey (Groups)
- V5 (Groups)
- Megan McKenna (Unders)
The result means that each of the judges has an act in the final – with Nicole and Louis fielding one each and Groups mentor Simon Cowell with two.
The X Factor: Celebrity final is next Saturday night on ITV at 7.10pm


Remember those black sheets of paper that let you scratch off to reveal the rainbow background? Play them here!
Touch or click anywhere on the screen to scratch off the black cover.
Click the ? to show or hide this menu. Remember to save your creation and share it with your friends!


#CECEFF
We learned how to use the website of Fusion and CAD and made 6 different objects. CAD is the use of computer systems to aid in the creation, modification, analysis, or optimization of a design. CAD stands for Computer Aided Desinger. The task was to pick 6 objects out of 50 and create them on Fusion. I created these 6 designs. CAD gives you the oppurtunity to make anything and everything you want. From there you can put your creation into many different programs depending on what your printing. The last task was to make something useful/unique. I decided to make dice. I just made 9 boxes and then extrudes holes on each side of the box.
Go Back to Index


| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| DataDriverComboBox |
This graphic user interface (GUI) component shows a combo box for users to select a data driver represented by
DataDriver class. |
| DataDriverListTable |
This graphic user interface (GUI) component as a table shows a list of data drivers (
DataDriverList ). |
| DatasetParserComboBox |
This graphic user interface (GUI) component shows a combo box for users to select a dataset parser
DatasetParser . |
| PropDlg |
The graphic user interface (GUI) component as a dialog shows a properties list represented by
PropList . |
| PropPane |
The graphic user interface (GUI) component as panel
JPanel shows a properties list represented by PropList . |
| PropTable |
The graphic user interface (GUI) component as table
JTable shows a properties list represented by PropList . |
| SysConfigPane |
The graphic user interface (GUI) component as panel
JPanel shows a system properties list represented by SysConfig . |
| UnitListBox |
The graphic user interface (GUI) component as list box
JList shows the UnitList . |


Men's Ministry
Knowing that men also has got special things to share through teachings and prayer sessions so as to complete the body of Christ, LHCC has established a special ministry for men so as to make them take their responsibility as men at the church as well as fathers at home.
Charity Ministry
Understanding the need of people around us, LHCC has established a charity ministry which is dedicated to help people in need to fulfill their needs as well as sharing with them the wonderful of the love of God through showing them that for his strikes we were healed and that was the end of every suffering.
Student Ministry
This ministry deals with taking care of students so that they can be in a good condition to perform their academic activities as well as preparing them for the bright future as well as taking their responsibilities in various areas so as to build the Kingdom of God as well as the Nation.
Women's Ministry
This ministry deals with women's affairs for the kingdom of God. This is all about the teachings as well as experience sharing for women at LHCC through fellowship and prayer meetings.
Children's Ministry
God has given us children as gift, so it is our responsibilty to keep them and raise them in his own accord as directed in the holy Bible. We have got good and qualified team for children ministry.Family Ministry
We believe in family as a unity for the church fellowship. Prio to the importance of family we have the special ministry for family so as to maintain the church fellowship from the family level for the Glory of God.
Youth Ministry
This ministry deals with youth affairs where by it acts as a platform for youth to share their views as well as having fellowship for Godly teachings and prayer meetings


Nishant Totla / @nishanttotla
Docker, Inc. via UC Berkeley
(#earth-tones IRL)
My learnings on social inclusion after moving to California from India
No racism in the 21st century
Or sexism
Any incidents were marginal
I had a safe childhood, fairly rich parents
I was part of the majority community
All my friends were similar
Very narrow world view
I would never discriminate
... right? RIGHT?
What a kid can see growing up in India
I believed these things didn't affect people
Or make them feel insecure
Or lead to stereotypes
Of making the occasional sexist/racist joke
But it was all in jest
I thought people were fine with it, they were friends after all
I wanted to make new friends
I wanted to "belong"
I thought it would be easy
I made some friends, but never close ones
Most people showed a surprising lack of interest in learning about my culture
Or I'd get things like "Oh your English is so good!"
I had to find ways to "break into" groups
Feeling included was always a challenge
Maybe I'm just a boring person?
Is it my fault? Am I complaining too much?
Just cultural differences?

I always watch my back in public, at airports
How do I know what people really think of me?
How welcome did I really make people feel?
Especially those who weren't didn't have all my privileges?
I was an ally, but was it enough?
Are my new friends to me, what I was to my old friends?
Who will stand up for me when I need it?
Defined by real action
Passive observers are no more helpful than aggressors
Especially if you're lucky to be privileged
Ending discrimination will take real efforts from everyone
Fear and doubt prevents people from reaching out. You reach out to them
If you don't agree, ask your friends and you might be surprised
“Many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny. They have come to realize that their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom. We cannot walk alone.”- Martin Luther King Jr.
- I'm on Twitter @nishanttotla
- Slides up at tiny.cc/earth-tones


This is a demonstration system demonstrating the upload of Resource Envelopes into the Learning Registry.


Street Food
Theres something profoundly satisfying about sharing a meal. Eating together, breaking bread together, is one of the oldest and the most fundamentaly unifying of human exeriences.
Theres something profoundly satisfying about sharing a meal. Eating together, breaking bread together, is one of the oldest and the most fundamentaly unifying of human exeriences.
Theres something profoundly satisfying about sharing a meal. Eating together, breaking bread together, is one of the oldest and the most fundamentaly unifying of human exeriences.
Theres something profoundly satisfying about sharing a meal. .
Theres something profoundly satisfying about sharing a meal. Eating together, breaking bread together.
Theres something profoundly satisfying about sharing a meal. Eating together, breaking bread together..
Theres something profoundly satisfying about sharing a meal. Eating together, breaking bread together.
Theres something profoundly satisfying about sharing a meal. Eating together, breaking bread together..
Theres something profoundly satisfying about sharing a meal. Eating together, breaking bread together..
Theres something profoundly satisfying about sharing a meal. Eating together, breaking bread together.
Theres something profoundly satisfying about sharing a meal. Eating together, breaking bread together.!


Ruby Classes
By: Arthur Head on July 20, 2015
Arthur's Blog
By: Arthur Head on July 20, 2015
Ruby provides a way to group many methods into one happy family. The way to do this is by creating a Class. A Ruby Class is simply a way to bundle behaviors(methods) and create objects that can then share these behaviors. A common method in a class is an initialize method. The initalize method is used to set the initial action that takes place when an instance of a Class is created or initialized. In the example above, the initialize method takes two parameters upon inititialization: name, and age. If we tried to create an instance of this class without providing a name and age, we would get an error.
Classes also contain instance variables. Instance variables are identifiable by the @ sign that precedes them. Instance varaiables provide a way to store values between each instance of a class. So everytime we create a new Person the different values, and ages for each Person will be stored in the @name, and @age instance varaibles. So this gives us a way to keep track of many people and many ages, without overwriting the values. The attr_accessor above is a Ruby Module that allows us to access (read, and change) the values of age and name. So after we create a Person, we can later go back and update the person's age and name if need be, using the attr_accessor module.
So let's take a look at what happens when we create a new instance of the Person class:
First we create a new instance of the Person Class by writing Person.new and passing in the required name and age parameters. We also set this instance equal to a variable so we can recall it later
Then we call the method introcude on our new person. Since it belongs to the Person Class it can use the method introduce.
The we call the other method in our Person Class, meet_someone_new. Again since this object belongs to the person class it can access and use all the methods in the Class.
Now since we used the attr_accessor module to read and write the values of name and age, we can simply use the following dot notation syntax to update the age:
And update the name of our object.


NFL teams haven't reached out to Colin Kaepernick after recent workout, report says
by David AaroColin Kaepernick's highly publicized workout for seven NFL teams at Charles R. Drew High School in Riverdale, Ga., has reportedly not helped his case in returning to the NFL.
His representatives reportedly sent a video of his workout to the 25 NFL clubs that didn't attend on Nov. 16, but “no teams have reached out to work him out, visit with him or sign him," according to ESPN's Adam Schefter.
The report comes after his attorney, Mark Geragos, previously said on the Adam Carolla Podcast this week that two teams had shown interest in the controversial quarterback who helped start a wave of protests regarding social and racial injustice in 2016 by kneeling during the national anthem at games.
TWO NFL TEAMS INTERESTED IN COLIN KAEPERNICK, ATTORNEY CLAIMS
“One who is legitimately in need of a quarterback who had a very poor showing on Sunday and has got an owner that I don’t think gives a sh-t,” Geragos said.
Kaepernick, 32, has remained unemployed for more than 32 months since he became a free agent. Only one team, the Seattle Seahawks, has brought him in for a visit, which occurred back in May 2017.
Part of the lack of interest could also be attributed to him changing the location of the workout less than an hour before it was scheduled to begin, which his reps, Ben Meiselas and Jeff Nalley, said was to ensure "a transparent and open process."
"Mr. Kaepernick requested all media be allowed into the workout to observe and film it and for an independent film crew to be there to ensure transparency," the statement continued. "The NFL denied this request. Based on the prior conduct by the league office, Mr. Kaepernick simply asks for a transparent and open process which is why a new location has been selected for today. Mr. Kaepernick looks forward to seeing the representatives from the clubs today."
REP. HANK JOHNSON: 'VICTIM' COLIN KAEPERNICK MISTREATED BY NFL, AND CONGRESS SHOULD LOOK INTO IT
The NFL responded to the change in a statement on Nov. 16.
"Today's session was designed to give Colin what he has consistently said he wants – an opportunity to show his football readiness and desire to return to the NFL," the league said. "Twenty-five [25] clubs were present for the workout, and all 32 clubs, their head coaches, general managers, and other personnel executives would have received video footage of the interview and workout, shot by the Atlanta Falcons video crew."
CLICK HERE TO GET THE FOX NEWS APP
ESPN acknowledged the speculation that teams were interested in signing Kaepernick, although Schefter added that: "nothing has materialized, and nothing is expected to at this time."
In 69 career games with the San Francisco 49ers from 2011-2016 -- Kaepernick threw for 12,271 passing yards, 72 touchdowns, and 30 interceptions.
Fox News' Paulina Dedaj contributed to this report.


World!
[ { "bind":{ "id":"b-greeting", "required":true, "value":"Hello" } }, { "bind":{ "id":"result", "value":"" } } ]
control '${id}' specified no resource
the model is ready
the form is fully initialized
refresh has been done
Say hello:


Toggle navigation
Tools
CloudMQTT Console
Another action
Something else here
Separated link
One more separated link
Execute
Temperature
...
...
Relay control and PWM
Temperature relay
Threshold temperature
20 °C
21 °C
22 °C
23 °C
24 °C
25 °C
26 °C
27 °C
28 °C
_
Apply
Light relay
On time
Off time
_
Apply
Mosfet PWM value
MQTT log
Log


Two ways to style the float label pattern, and two ways to activate it.
Labels inside inputs.
Labels outside inputs.


MY favourite BOOKS
Epic books!
Cat books
Moana books
Trolls books
My little pony books
About Me
My favourite Books>
My Family
MyPets
Songs
Movie


Comments
-
Greg Hurrell
First up, you question; the answer your question lies in the README that comes with Synergy:
What happened to the installer?
Old versions of Synergy were distributed as a System Preferences pane, which meant that they had to be installed into a specific location in order for to work. Now that it is a standalone application it will work from any location and doesn't require an installer.
The underlying cause of this change is that Synergy 4.0 takes advantage of a new Leopard technology called Garbage Collection, and this is incompatible with the System Preferences application, thus requiring that Synergy adopt a new format and cease to be a System Preferences pane.
As for the volume key issue, I am not sure if I can reproduce the same issue, but if I press and hold for a long time I do observe some "jitter" in the volume. I'll investigate and see if I can get out a fix within the next few days. Thanks for reporting the issue.
-
Greg Hurrell
Summary changed:
- From: Volume control.
- To: Problems when holding down iTunes volume control hot keys
-
Greg Hurrell
I've done some testing with a special build that logs events and it looks like on Snow Leopard the system is reliably sending "key down" events, but only sending "key up" events unreliably.
I can't really fix that, but I can at least put in some checks for "jammed" keys and "unjam" them when you press either the "up" or "down" volume combos.
-
Greg Hurrell
Ok, I've just committed a workaround/fix as described in my previous comment.
Basically, whenever you press either of the volume keys it resets the internal state (ie. if it was waiting for a "release" event because it saw a "press" event but the system never sent the "release" event, then it stops waiting for it).
So even though the keys may jam in effect you're unlikely to notice because the volume will hit either the superior or inferior limit and stop moving anyway, and the next time you press a volume adjustment combo things will get reset.
So I don't know why the events are getting lost, but at least the program handles the lost events a little bit more nicely now.
Expect to see the fix in a new release within the next few days.
Will mark this one as closed.
-
Greg Hurrell
Status changed:
- From: new
- To: closed
-
Greg Hurrell
Summary changed:
- From: Problems when holding down iTunes volume control hot keys
- To: iTunes volume control hot keys can jam if pressed and held
-
Greg Hurrell
I've just backported this fix to the 3.4 branch, and will be doing a 3.4.1 release very soon, so that people who don't want to upgrade to the 4.0 series yet can use 3.4 on Snow Leopard without any problems.
-
Greg Hurrell
3.4.1 is out. Blog post here.
Add a comment
Comments are now closed for this issue.


My Dev Academy Journey
By Ben Mitchell
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Cultural Blog 2
Longterm Goal
Eventually I would like to get into video game design.
Skills I Would Like to Develop
I would like to improve on both my time management skills and my people skills.
Strengths and Limmitations
My strengths are that im motivated and I like to learn about lots of different things. My limmitations is probably that I am quite an introvert, and that can sometimes effect the way I work.
Management Commitment
I will make sure that I use my time wisely and try to not get distracted. I will also try to stick as close to the time box suggestions as possible so I manage my time between tasks properly, and dont get caught up in one thing for too long, which can happen to me quite easily. I will also make sure I can have my weekly catch up with my facilitator so I can talk about whether or not I am doing ok.
Seeking Help Commitment
Im happy that we have such open contact with both the EDA staff, aswell as the other students taking the course, so we can get help quite easily. It is also good to have the internet avaialable for when I need to get an answer quickly.
Expectations of Facilitators
I don't expect much aside from the usual just being there to help if I need it.
Other Commitments
I have quite a lot of appointments that I have to go to, but it is manageable.


|
Panda3D
|
Public Member Functions | |
| def | __init__ (self, parent, editor) |
| def | compareItems (self, item1, item2) |
| def | getSelected (self) |
| def | onPopupItemSelected (self, event) |
| def | onSelected (self, event) |
| def | onShowPopup (self, event) |
| def | populate (self) |
Public Attributes | |
| editor | |
| menuItems | |
| opSort | |
| opSortAlpha | |
| opSortOrig | |
| palette | |
| popupmenu | |
| tree | |
| def __init__ | ( | self, | |
| parent, | |||
| editor | |||
| ) |
| def compareItems | ( | self, | |
| item1, | |||
| item2 | |||
| ) |
| def getSelected | ( | self | ) |
| def onPopupItemSelected | ( | self, | |
| event | |||
| ) |
| def onSelected | ( | self, | |
| event | |||
| ) |
| def onShowPopup | ( | self, | |
| event | |||
| ) |
| def populate | ( | self | ) |
| editor |
| menuItems |
| opSort |
| opSortAlpha |
| opSortOrig |
| palette |
| popupmenu |
| tree |


---
layout: page
title: Research
permalink: /research/
---
Why do various kinds and numbers of species live in different environments? It's a simple question that usually has a complex answer. This is because there are many processes that determine where
species live, and who they live with. These processes arise from
interactions between one or more axes of environmental heterogeneity,
evolutionary trade-offs among organisms, and the density of different
resources species may need in a given locality. It is my goal to better
understand these processes to better conserve wildlife.
Overall,
my research can be categorized into two broad areas.
Urban ecology
×
In the last decade humanity has transitioned from primarily living in rural to
urban areas, and in response urbanization rates have increased worldwide. And
even though it is clear that urbanization profoundly alters the distribution
and abundance of wildlife, there is still much to discover to better sustain
biodiversity on an urbanizing planet.
Through my research I seek to better understand how urban wildlife communities
respond to urbanization. I am especially interested in determining how urban
wildlife communities differ at varying hierarchical scales (e.g., both within
and between cities). By doing so, we can improve our understanding of how
urban wildlife populations and communities form and persist as well as how
they interact with humans. This should, in turn, allow us to inform urban
planning to make cities work better for humans and wildlife.
Fidino et al. (2020). Landscape-scale differences among cities
alter common species responses to urbanization. Ecological Applications.
(PDF)
Murray et al. (2020). City sanitation and socioeconomics predict
rat zoonotic infection across diverse neighbourhoods. Zoonoses and Public Health.
(PDF)
Zellmer et al. (2020). What can we learn from wildlife sightings
during the COVID‐19 global shutdown? Ecosphere. (PDF)
Magle et al. (2019). Advancing urban wildlife research through a
multi-city collaboration. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment.
(PDF)
Gallo et al. (2019). Urbanization alters predator avoidance
behaviors. Journal of Animal Ecology.
(PDF)
Gallo et al. (2018). Need for multiscale planning for conservation of
urban bats. Conservation Biology.
(PDF)
Magle and Fidino (2018). Long-term declines of a highly interactive
urban species. Biodiversity and Conservation.
(PDF)
Murray et al. (2018). Public Complaints Reflect Rat Relative
Abundance Across Diverse Urban Neighborhoods. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution.
(PDF)
Fidino and Magle (2017). Trends in long-term urban bird research. Ecology and Conservation of Birds in Urban Environments.
(PDF)
Gallo et al. (2017). Mammal diversity and metacommunity dynamics
in urban green spaces: implications for urban wildlife conservation.
Ecological Applications(PDF)
Fidino et al. (2016). Habitat dynamics of the virginia opossum
in a highly urban landscape. The American Midland Naturalist.
(PDF)
Quantitative ecology
×
The models that ecologists develop, be they graphical, mathematical, or
statistical are abstractions of the truth and function as a means to extract
useful information from data. Maps, for instance, are a model of the
geographic features of a region, and good maps are useful. Ecologists are
mapmakers of the natural world, and it is our job to simplify and approximate
what we can so that we may better conserve and understand the species around
us. Our ability to do this is, in part, conditional on the methodological
tools at our disposal. I have a keen interest in developing techniques to get
the most ecologically relevant information as possible from observational
data, especially when data is collected imperfectly. By doing so, we can
better answer both applied and basic questions in ecology.
Fidino et al. (2022). Integrated species distribution models reveal spatiotemporal patterns of human-wildlife conflict. Ecological Applications.(PDF)
Murray et al. (2021). A multi‐state occupancy model to
non‐invasively monitor visible signs of wildlife health with camera traps that
accounts for image quality. Journal of Animal Ecology.(PDF)
Fidino et al. (2020). The effect of lure on detecting mammals
with camera traps. Wildlife Society Bulletin.(PDF)
Voorhies et al. (2019). A method to project future impacts from
threats and conservation on the probability of extinction for North American
migratory monarch (Danaus plexxipus) populations. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution.(PDF)
Fidino et al. (2019). A multi-state dynamic occupancy model to
estimate local colonization-extinction rates and patterns of co-occurrence
between two or more interacting species. Methods in Ecology and Evolution.(PDF)
Fidino et al. (2018). Assessing online opinions of wildlife
through social media. Human Dimensions of Wildlife.
(PDF)
Fidino and Magle (2017). Using fourier series to estimate periodic
patterns in dynamic occupancy models. Ecosphere.
(PDF)


Facebook App Will Let You Customize the Navigation Toolbar and Hide Notification Dots
by George KamauThe Facebook app is getting a new update that will soon let you customize the navigation toolbar and remove those annoying red notification dots. Facebook has begun rolling out a new option to bring sense to your navigation bar called Shortcut Bar Settings.
This update will let users customize the navigation bar so that you can add or remove tabs like Marketplace, Watch, Groups, Events, Profile, Friend Requests, News, Today In, Gaming and Dating. You can also silence the notification dots.
These new features are the social media giant’s efforts to make the app experience less distracting. Last year, Facebook had begun personalizing the navigation bar according to features a user interacted the most with but Facebook was just promoting new Facebook features such as Marketplace and Facebook Watch.
How Shortcut Bar Settings work
- Tap and hold on any of the shortcuts on your navigation bar
- A menu will pop-up that will let you either remove that tab entirely or leave it but disable the red notification count overlays.
-
Another way to access the Shortcut Bar Settings is by clicking the hamburger menu(three lines), scrolling to Settings & Privacy, then Settings, Shortcuts menu and then toggle off any of the Marketplace, Groups, Events and Pages tabs
Facebook will also let you toggle off Notification dots of the specific tab.[Read how tiny red dots took over your life]
“We are rolling out navigation bar controls to make it easier for people to connect with the things they like and control the notifications they get within the Facebook app,” a Facebook spokesperson told Techcrunch.


DataObject will normally not need to be set up unless customization is required. DataObject nestle the incoming server data (object from json from GET method). Using TypeScript, equivalent transpiler, or ECMAScript you access properties on the server object via 'get' and 'set' methods (examples to follow on 'Examples'). Snippets Package contains a snippet for DataObject.


This is to test the visibility property. If the following text is hidden but the spacing appears, the test passes.
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This is to test the visibility property. If the middle table row is hidden and spacing appears, the test passes.
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| This is a test. |
| This is a row. |


Manchester United Earnings: MANU Stock Ticks 1% Higher on Q1 Results
MANU beat EPS estimates by 7 cents
Earnings for European football company Manchester United’s (NYSE:MANU) fiscal first quarter of 2020 sent its stock up more than 1% on Monday. Much of the jump comes from its adjusted earnings per share of 3 pence. That’s much better than Wall Street’s estimate of a 4-pence-per-share loss. Although revenue of £135.4 million is below analysts’ estimates, MANU stock still isn’t in the red.
Let’s take a closer look at the most recent Manchester United earnings report.
- Adjusted EPS for the quarter is down 25% from 4 cents in the fiscal first quarter of 2019.
- Revenue is 3% higher than the £135 million in the same period of the year prior.
- Operating profit of £11 million is a 20.9% decrease YoY from £13.9 million.
- The Manchester United earnings report also includes a net income of £1.1 million.
- This is an 83.3% drop from the £6.6 million reported during the same time last year.
Ed Woodward, Executive Vice Chairman of Manchester United, has this to say about the MANU stock earnings.
“We are very proud to be shortly approaching a milestone 4,000th game featuring an Academy player, and we are particularly optimistic regarding the considerable young talent currently coming through. Our ultimate goal is to win trophies by playing exciting football with a team that fuses graduates from our Academy with world-class acquisitions.”
The Manchester United earnings report also reaffirmed its outlook for fiscal 2020. MANU anticipates revenue between £560 million to £580 million for the year, which is less than the Street’s expectations for MANU’s fiscal 2020.
MANU stock was up 1.25% as of Monday afternoon.
As of this writing, William White did not hold a position in any of the aforementioned securities.


Hi there, {name},
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---
layout: post
title: Comments in MS Access
date: 2009-01-16 10:43:00.000000000 +11:00
comments: true
categories:
- sql
- ms-access
- development
---
It turns out that MS Access 2003 just doesn't support comments in the SQL statement. I never new it because of I didn't use Access much.