Francisco Initiated me to the wonderful world of Fablab. He gave an overview of the working principles that are followed in the Fablabs across the globe. We were also briefed about the practices in MIT. Francisco gave us a birds eye view on the various apllications people across the world has developed using the Fablab facility.

The principles of digital and analog revolution were discussed, how the analog to digital conversion helps to restore a signal burried in noise and so on..

An introduction to Digital Fabrication was also given and how does it promise a better proccess in fabrication than the the existing techniques..

Francisco also briefed us about the idea behind Pre Academy, How it is different from the conventional Fab Academy course.. and its for,

Discussed also also the following..

He also made us reccall about the following online resources..

Prof. Neil Gershenfeld, the Director of MIT's Center for Bits and Atoms Inagurating the Fablab Trivandrum. I was fortunate to be a part of this special event and meet the brain behind our FABLABS!! .

Toggle Menu

Francisco recommended that each student uses a A4 paper notebook with no detachable sheets and not to use sheets so as to avoid loosing the sheets. He explained
The tasks for the day is follows..

Command to install " Terminal here "
$ sudo apt-get install nautilus-open-terminal
$ sudo nautilus -q
Restart nautilus. After the restart, right click from the folder we waant to open terminal from.. thats it !!..

The fab modules provide a set of software tools for personal fabrication, intended for use with machines common to fab labs.
It includes

Follow the Instructions in kokompe web site given below
http://kokompe.cba.mit.edu/

Install dependencies from kokompe web site
http://kokompe.cba.mit.edu/
Unzip the Folder and
Open the folder in Terminal
make fab
cd bin
./kokopelli -r

Antimony is a computer-aided design (CAD) tool from a parallel universe in which CAD software evolved from Lisp machines rather than drafting tables. Installing antimony has been a tedious process. To install antimony, we have to install all the dependencies.I had a tough time searching for the correct way to do it, bening a novice to linux it took a while for me to get it done after several attemts.
Note : After downloading Qt, right click on the downloaded file and set permision to run as executable file before attempting to install the same.
$ sudo apt-get install build-essential libpng-dev python3-dev libboost-all-dev libgl1-mesa-dev lemon flex
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gcc-4.9 g++-4.9
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.9 60 --slave /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-4.9
$ git clone https://github.com/mkeeter/antimony
$ cd antimony
$ mkdir build
$ cd build
$ ~/Qt/5.5/gcc_64/bin/qmake ../sb.pro
$ make -j8
$ sudo make install
$ ./app/antimony

Note :
I experice certain problems while using Antimony. The laptop hangs when ever an extrusion of solid objects are tried. I am yet to find a fix for this.
To learn More about Antimony
http://www.mattkeeter.com/projects/antimony/3/

Inkscape is a professional vector graphics editor for Windows, Mac OS X and Linux. It's free and open source.

To learn More about Inkscape
https://inkscape.org/en/

OpenSCAD is a software for creating solid 3D CAD objects.Unlike most free software for creating 3D models (such as the well-known application Blender), OpenSCAD does not focus on the artistic aspects of 3D modelling, but instead focuses on the CAD aspects.OpenSCAD, unlike many CAD products, is not an interactive modeler. Instead it is something like a 2D/3D-compiler that reads in a program file that describes the object and renders the model from this file. This gives you (the designer) full control over the modelling process. This enables you to easily change any step in the modelling process. This enables you to make designs that are defined by configurable parameters.

To learn More about OpenSCAD
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/OpenSCAD_User_Manual

GIMP is an acronym for GNU Image Manipulation Program. It is a freely distributed program for such tasks as photo retouching, image composition and image authoring.
It has many capabilities. It can be used as a simple paint program, an expert quality photo retouching program, an online batch processing system, a mass production image renderer, an image format converter, etc.
GIMP is expandable and extensible. It is designed to be augmented with plug-ins and extensions to do just about anything. The advanced scripting interface allows everything from the simplest task to the most complex image manipulation procedures to be easily scripted.

To learn More about GIMP
http://www.gimp.org/about/introduction.html

Cura is the companion software for Ultimaker, the 3D Printer.

https://ultimaker.com/en/cura-software/list

Download the version 1.5.5 IDE and install.
To Run the software
sudo ./arduino

Follow the Instructions in tutorial section of Hi Lo Tech MIT Media Lab
http://highlowtech.org/?p=1695

QCAD is a free, open source application for computer aided drafting (CAD) in two dimensions (2D). With QCAD you can create technical drawings such as plans for buildings, interiors, mechanical parts or schematics and diagrams. QCAD works on Windows, Mac OS X and Linux. The source code of QCAD is released under the GPL version 3 (GPLv3), a popular Open Source license.QCAD was designed with modularity, extensibility and portability in mind. But what people notice most often about QCAD is its intuitive user interface. QCAD is an easy to use but powerful 2D CAD system for everyone. You don't need any CAD experience to get started with QCAD immediately. You can download QCAD today for free!

http://www.qcad.org/en/

Git is a free and open source distributed version control system designed to handle everything from small to very large projects with speed and efficiency.
Git is easy to learn and has a tiny footprint with lightning fast performance. It outclasses SCM tools like Subversion, CVS, Perforce, and ClearCase with features like cheap local branching, convenient staging areas, and multiple workflows.
$ apt-get install git

EAGLE, the Easy Applicable Graphical Layout Editor is a powerful PCB design software tailored to meet the needs of professional engineers, makers and those at school! For more than 25 years, EAGLE has been the PCB design tool of choice for hundreds of thousands of electronic design engineers and developers worldwide. With a large and active engineering and support community and an extensive ecosystem, EAGLE offers much more than pure circuit design.

To learn More about EAGLE
http://www.cadsoftusa.com/eagle-pcb-design-software/about-eagle/

A Cross Platform and Open Source Electronics Design Automation Suite. KiCad is an open source software suite for Electronic Design Automation (EDA). The programs handle Schematic Capture, and PCB Layout with Gerber output. The suite runs on Windows, Linux and OS X and is licensed under GNU GPL v2.

To learn More about KiCad EDA
http://kicad-pcb.org/about/kicad/

Wine is a free and open source compatibility layer software application that aims to allow applications designed for Microsoft Windows to run on Unix-like operating systems. Wine also provides a software library, known as Winelib, against which developers can compile Windows applications to help port them to Unix-like systems.It duplicates functions of Windows by providing alternative implementations of the DLLs that Windows programs call,and a process to substitute for the Windows NT kernel. This method of duplication differs from other methods that might also be considered emulation, where Windows programs run in a virtual machine. Wine is predominantly written using black-box testing reverse-engineering, to avoid copyright issues.

To learn More about Wine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_(software)

GEDIT that comes preinstalled with Ubuntu is used as the default text editor.

To learn More about Wine
https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Gedit

Toggle MenuTodays task Franscisco gave us is to create the following accounts.This is for the proper organization and storage of our data and files and to keep the activities in sync.

My Fab Cloud Account
http://git.fabcloud.io/u/sarathsm
My Fablabs.io Account
https://www.fablabs.io/users/4694
My Sketchfab Account
https://sketchfab.com/sarathsm

Git is a free and open source distributed version control system designed to handle everything from small to very large projects with speed and efficiency.
Git is easy to learn and has a tiny footprint with lightning fast performance. It outclasses SCM tools like Subversion, CVS, Perforce, and ClearCase with features like cheap local branching, convenient staging areas, and multiple workflows.
$ apt-get install git

Configuring username to Git
git config --global user.name "username"
Configuring email to Git
git config --global user.email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Verify the git configuration information as shown below.
$ git config --list
Create repository in Github for personal website
Head over to GitHub and create a new repository named username.github.io, where username is your username (or organization name) on GitHub. If the first part of the repository doesn’t exactly match your username, it won’t work, so make sure to get it right.Clone the created repo to our PC.
$ git clone https://github.com/username/username.github.io
Open the folder and create index.html and create the first "Hello World!!" page. Let us see how to push this Add, commit, and push your changes
To add files
$ git add --all
To Commit
$ git commit -m "Initial commit"
To Push
$ git push -u origin master

https://pages.github.com/

Creating SSH keys
https://help.github.com/articles/generating-ssh-keys/
Change from HTTPS to SSH
https://help.github.com/articles/changing-a-remote-s-url/

Francisco emphasised the Importance of documenting while you work.
Our Temporary documentation Index page: http://thebeachlab.github.io
Reference links to Learning HTML
https://www.edx.org/course/html5-part-1-html5-coding-essentials-w3cx-html5-1x
Links to some HTML templates
http://startbootstrap.com/template-categories/all/

Great care has to be taken while taking pictures for documentation,some of the key aspects to be considered to get the best pictures are,

Toggle MenuThe following points were discussed for the effective management of TIME..

Toggle Menu


Yes, it’s another meta-blogging post (see Jeff Atwood post on meta-blogging). But I think it’s a relevant one. I finally made the big move and decided to use an hosting provider to host my blog. And more importantly, I switched from WordPress to BlogEngine.Net.
How I made the choice to go with BlogEngine.NET?
Back in July, I decided to create my own blog engine. So I began the development with exactly what I had in mind for the most fantastical blog ever. After a week and really slow progress (I was sure to finish development by the beginning of August, 1 month later), I decided to look at other blog engines to gather idea on architecture and what is needed to be implemented. I looked at Oxite and BlogEngine.NET (since they are in .NET). I had a big surprise. I haven’t realized coding your own blog was so much work. In fact, BlogEngine.NET was already doing everything that I wanted (except for extension-less url).
And the ability to write your own theme is so easy! The BlogEngine.NET really did done a good job.
How was the migration?
Horrific. WordPress use a proprietary format and can’t be imported directly into BlogEngine.NET. But it was no big deal since I wanted to reread all post and correct spelling and bad grammar, I decided to recreate them all. I used the WordPress statistics to know which post were the most read and done them first.
Uploading to GoDaddy.
I’m not an expert in hosting server. I guess the experience was relatively easy, if it wasn’t for the fact that I abandoned after 2 hours and when getting back, everything was working as expected. The important thing is that it worked and it’s fast.
My apologies to Wordpress.
I have nothing against you, really. You are a great service and a wonderful blogging platform. For 2 years you made blogging a unique experience. But my world is in .NET and you are not written in it. But again, thank you!


Mongolia
Climb leg sleep on keyboard chew on cable stare out the window.  White cat sleeps on a black shirt. Scratch the furniture. Climb leg sleep on keyboard chew on cable stare out the window.  White cat sleeps on a black shirt. Scratch the furniture.


{% extends "starbase.html" %} {% load i18n %} {% load crispy_forms_tags %} {% block page_title %} Sign Up. {% endblock %} {% block content %}
{% blocktrans with provider_name=account.get_provider.name site_name=site.name %}You are about to use your {{ provider_name }} account to login to {{ site_name }}. As a final step, please complete the following form:{% endblocktrans %}
{% else %}It seems that there is already an account with the email sent by {{ account.get_provider.name }}.
We can't fully trust this information as some providers do not verify the emails that they send.
Your mission, should you choose to accept it:
Once the accounts have been connected the login will work on all devices.


At the Welsh Centre for Burns and Plastic Surgery we treat patients from birth up to the age of 18.
Some of our patients will need treatment and surgery for burns, while some will have birth defects and other problems which require plastic surgery.
Young people are treated on Ward M.
In this unprecedented time in medicine, we have been required to drastically limit patients coming to hospital to reduce the footfall and protect staff and patients.
Although routine outpatient appointments may well be postponed for six months or more, we will endeavour to communicate with patients and families should there be an acute need. Initially this will be via telephone, internet communication or if absolutely necessary a face to face urgent appointment.
We have put together some general advice and information on dealing with concerns related to specific conditions that child patients may experience.
We are always striving to improve the way we care for our young patients.
As part of this, we have worked with an award-winning animator to produce a cartoon called Numb and Numb-er which helps our young patients who need surgery and their families decide if local anaesthetic is right for them.
Local anaesthetic is often suitable for children and young people having surgery on minor lumps, bumps and injuries, but not always taken up.
Find out more about our new cartoon Numb and Numb-er by reading the full story in our news pages.


TIFF CHANGE INFORMATION
This document describes the changes made to the software between the
previous and current versions (see above).
If you don't find something listed here, then it was not done in this
timeframe, or it was not considered important enough to be mentioned.
The following information is located here:
MAJOR CHANGES:
- Read-only support for custom directories (e.g. EXIF directory).
- Preliminary support for MS MDI format.
CHANGES IN THE SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION:
- Make the default strip size configurable via the
--with-default-strip-size and STRIP_SIZE_DEFAULT options.
CHANGES IN LIBTIFF:
- tiffio.h: Added VC_EXTRALEAN definition before including
windows.h, to reduce the compile time.
- tif_jpeg.c: Improve compilation under MinGW.
- {tif_aux.c, tif_dir.c, tif_dir.h, tif_dirwrite.c,
tif_print.c, tif_getimage.c}: Make InkSet, NumberOfInks, DotRange and
StoNits tags custom.
- {tif_aux.c, tif_dir.c, tif_dir.h, tif_print.c}: Make
WhitePoint tag custom.
- tiffio.h: fixed typo that potentially resulted in
redefininition of USE_WIN32_FILEIO
- {tif_dir.c, tif_dir.h, tif_print.c}: Make RichTIFFIPTC,
Photoshop and ICCProfile tags custom.
- libtiff/*, contrib/*: Added 'dual-mode' error handling, enabling
newer code to get context indicator in error handler and still
remain compatible with older code: Done TIFFError calls everywhere
except in tools.
- tiffinfo.c: Print EXIF directory contents if exist.
- {tif_dirinfo.c, tif_dirread.c, tif_dir.h, tif_dir.c}:
Custom directory read-only support.
- {tif_aux.c, tif_dirinfo.c, tif_dirread.c, tif_dir.h,
tif_dir.c, tif_print.c}: Make YCbCrCoefficients and ReferenceBlackWhite
tags custom.
- tif_dirread.c: One more workaround for broken StripByteCounts
tag. Handle the case when StripByteCounts array filled with
completely wrong values.
- tif_dirinfo.c: Release file descriptor in case of failure
in the TIFFOpenW() function as per bug
http://bugzilla.remotesensing.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1003
- tif_dirinfo.c: Correctly use bsearch() and lfind()
functions as per bug
http://bugzilla.remotesensing.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1008
- tif_open.c, tiff.h, tiffdump.c: Incorporate preliminary support
for MS MDI format.
http://bugzilla.remotesensing.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1002
- libtiff.def, tiffiop.h, tiffio.h: Made TIFFFreeDirectory
public.
- /tif_dirinfo.c: Make XResolution, YResolution and
ResolutionUnit tags modifiable during write process. As per bug
http://bugzilla.remotesensing.org/show_bug.cgi?id=977
- if_dirread.c: Don't try and split single strips into "0" strips
in ChopUpSingleUncompressedStrip. This happens in some degenerate
cases (like 1x1 files with stripbytecounts==0 (gtsmall.jp2 embed tiff)
- tif_fax3.c: changed 'at scanline ...' style warning/errors
with incorrect use of tif_row, to 'at line ... of
strip/tile ...' style.
CHANGES IN THE TOOLS:
CHANGES IN THE CONTRIB AREA:
- contrib/addtiffo/*: Major upgrade by Joris to support subsampled
YCbCr images in jpeg compressed TIFF files.
Last updated $Date: 2016-09-25 20:05:45 $.


--- layout: default title: Open Source Projects, Source, Experiments Repository... ---
This website is currently under construction. Please visit back soon...


FOR VOTING/MINING NODE
Minimum Amount: 1 QLC
Minimum Staking Period: 10 days
Voting Earning per day:
Your staked amount/whole network staked amount x 8,302 QGAS
Mining Earning per day:
Miners to share the pool of 8219 QGAS
Miner Earning = Voting + Mining Earning
*Stake 100k QLC or above is entitled to be a mining node, or run a mining pool
FOR CONFIDANT STATION
Minimum Amount: 2,000 QLC
Minimum Staking Period: 90 days
Rewards: Same as voting node - QGAS consumption
*First three month promotional period QGAS consumption will be 0
Purchase a Confidant with 20% discount with Crypto Payment
FOR TOKEN MINTAGE
Minimum Amount: 500,000 QLC
Minimum Staking Period: 180 days
Rewards: Entitled to issue a token
Important: Don't leave or close this page!
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ALBERT SUGIAT
Home
My Team
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My Team
This is my team in every events that i joined.


Restoring the Default Login Page
How to restore the default Login page to the site. Skin Token: The Login token must be included in the Site Skin to access the default login page. Don't restore the default Login page if you are using a custom Site Skin that doesn't include this skin object.
- Navigate to Admin > Site Settings.
- Optional. Click on the country flag icon associated with the culture (language) to be updated. This field only displays when multiple languages are enabled. See "Viewing a Site in a Secondary Language"
- Select the Advanced Settings tab.
- Expand the Page Management section.
- At Login Page, select < None Specified >.
-
Click the Update button.


It was a cozy and rainy night, and we had planned to go off to a mountaintop to view the Leonid meteor storm, but my levitation skills are a bit rusty.....so we get out the little packet from over the ocean which a friend had so kindly given us, dig out the Pihkal and read the scanty accounts provided. (Seems that Pihkal sees 2ct2 as an inferior (though ok) version of 2ct7 - prayers are sent to the chemistry gods for that one....)
24 mg Oral 2C-T-2 240 lb person
20 mg Oral 2C-T-2 150 lb person
Put a little herb on the table in case the GI tract decides to get bumpy - though a little pre-queasy for a couple of hours, didn't need to apply the herbal remedy for nausea.
Slow coming on, took an hour to feel anything at all, and 2 hours to get really into it. Then a visit to all of my current issues, becoming aware of the feelings for each issue yet oddly more like thinking about the feelings rather than experiencing them. Uncomfortable, cuz the issues are uncomfortable. My partner did likewise, but not much discussion.
Finally out of issues.
Then 3 - 4 hours of intense discussion of all aspects of our lives and relationship. Ayn Rand would have been proud of us! A very clear laser like objectivity, deeply truthful, cleansed of all emotions and yet in no way obscured. We talked about EVERYTHING....
I had done an acid journey a couple of weeks earlier, with a number of incomplete processes as a result. 2ct2 cleared these up most emphatically.
Some musings.....
- Don't bother with lower doses. Take 2.5 - 3 of the 8mg tablets (20 - 24mg).
- Tarot card is Justice.
- This is not a rave material, unlikely to be of any use alone or with people who are not fully trusted. Your significant Other is the best bet.
- If at all possible, be sure you and your companion are well versed in handling your own processes.
- Sadly, the instructions on the packet are basically useless. Also, I have the feeling that the current marketing totally misses the point, and think this item will not be around for long. Get it while you can, folks.
- To be used rarely. Say once a year. Perhaps at midnight on Halloween, the crossing point from illusion to rebirth....
- Aside from slight GI effects, no body load was noticed beyond needing some sleep the next day.
- Not sensory or sensuous. Not sexual, not visionary, very little 'stoned' feeling.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Study Spaces
Parnassus
- In addition to general library space, room 506 is reserved for quiet study, UCSF students only.
Parnassus Group Study Spaces
Faculty Carrels
- Available to UCSF faculty during Parnassus library hours
- Daily, weekly, and monthly carrels available
- Reservations and more info:<PHONE_NUMBER>
Mission Bay
- FAMRI Library
- Library computer lab CC151: UCSF student ID access whenever the Rutter Center is open
- Genentech Hall Room N-114: Designated open study hall from 9pm - 6am
- Genentech Hall Classrooms: Available when classes are not in session. S-201, S-202, S-204, S-261, S-271
After Hours
Enter with proxy/ID card
- Computer Spaces (CC151, S165)
- Hearst Room, Parnassus Library: 24/7 access, UCSF students only
More options for students are listed at the SAA portal.


| 005:073 Khan | : |
Surely, disbelievers are those who said: "Allah is the third of the three (in a Trinity)." But there is no ilah (god) (none who has the right to be worshipped) but One Ilah (God - Allah). And if they cease not from what they say, verily, a painful torment will befall the disbelievers among them. |
| 005:073 Maulana | : |
Certainly they disbelieve who say: Allah is the third of the three. And there is no God but One God. And if they desist not from what they say a painful chastisement will surely befall such of them as disbelieve. |
| 005:073 Pickthal | : |
They surely disbelieve who say: Lo! Allah is the third of three; when there is no Allah save the One Allah. If they desist not from so saying a painful doom will fall on those of them who disbelieve. |
| 005:073 Rashad | : |
Pagans indeed are those who say that GOD is a third of a trinity. There is no god except the one god. Unless they refrain from saying this, those who disbelieve among them will incur a painful retribution. |
| 005:073 Sarwar | : |
Those who say that God is the third of the Three, have, in fact, turned to disbelief. There is no Lord but God, the only One Lord. If they will not give-up such belief, the disbelievers among them will suffer a painful torment. |
| 005:073 Shakir | : |
Certainly they disbelieve who say: Surely Allah is the third (person) of the three; and there is no god but the one Allah, and if they desist not from what they say, a painful chastisement shall befall those among them who disbelieve. |
| 005:073 Sherali | : |
They surely disbelieve who say, 'ALLAH is the third of three;' there is no god but the One God. And if they do not desist from what they say, a grievous punishment shall surely befall those of them that disbelieve. |
| 005:073 Yusufali | : |
They do blaspheme who say: Allah is one of three in a Trinity: for there is no god except One Allah. If they desist not from their word (of blasphemy), verily a grievous penalty will befall the blasphemers among them. |
Concepts/Themes Covered: أركان الإسلام > التوحيد > توحيد الله تعالي > وحدانيته Pillars of Islam> Islamic> Oneness of Allah> Singularity and Being Unique أركان الإسلام > التوحيد > الكافرون > صفات الكفار Pillars of Islam> Islamic> The Disbelievers> The Characteristics of the Disbelievers الديانات > النصارى > التثليث Religions>The Christians>The Trinity
This tool uses eight English parallel translations for the Holy Quran imported from Mr. Clay Smith. You can also visit Qurany Concepts for browsing the Quran themes or topics. If you want to search the Holy Quran for keywords, please visit Qurany Keywords.


1800-555-5555
Dr. Joel Kahn
Cadiologist | Dr Kahn Center for Cardiac Longevity
Dr. Kahn is the founder of the Kahn Center for Cardiac Longevity. He graduated Summa Cum Laude at the University of Michigan School of Medicine and is a professor of medicine at Wayne State University School of Medicine. Reader's Digest has named Dr. Khan as "America's Healthy Heart Doc". Dr. Khan has won numerous awards for high standard of care, innovative methods, and is considered a top expert in the field.


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When first faced with a problem, try pure greed (look for moves that lower the cost). If that doesn’t work or if it reaches a dead end, then you can try case analysis as we did for Sudoko. If there are too many cases, then try dynamic programming. If all these fail, it is time for heuristic search techniques along with some bound on the optimum.
A heuristic technique is one that is not guaranteed to work perfectly, but often (you hope) works well. Greed is, of course, a great heuristic technique but can be brittle, as we saw in the solution to the “Finding a Schedule that Works” puzzle.
The principle of exploratory heuristic techniques is that they take anti-greedy moves sometimes. They do this in order to explore the search space. If each problem configuration could be encoded as some scalar value (horizontal axis of Figure 2-23), then the squiggly line in Figure 2-23 represents the cost of each configuration.
A greedy approach will make moves that decrease cost only. An exploratory heuristic technique will sometimes make moves to more costly states in the hopes of leaving a local minimum (see Figure 2-24). If this reminds you of high school chemistry notions of activation energy, you have the right intuition.
But we don’t want to go any which way all the time. Let’s first look at animal analogies - flies vs. bees. If trying to leave the interior of a house, a fly, starting from a closed window, may bump against the window a few times, but will eventually fly away from that window and find an open one. Bees keep bumping up against the glass. Flies are using anti-greedy moves to escape the local optimum of the windowpane. Bees insist on trying to push through the pane.[2] On the other hand, flies never build anything as complex as a beehive. To me, this suggests that when you are faced with a technical problem, you must alternate between fly behavior and bee behavior. At some point you must stop exploring and start doing, but if you hit a roadblock, then you must start to explore some more.
The main exploratory search techniques are genetic (also known as evolutionary) algorithms, tabu searching, integer programming, and simulated annealing. A book that explains these techniques both engagingly and academically is How to Solve It: Modern Heuristics by Zvigniew Michalewicz and David B. Fogel (Springer, 2004).
Everybody seems to have a favorite. Mine is simulated annealing, because it requires fewer parameters than genetic algorithms and has a wider range of applicability than integer programming. I should note, however, that the other techniques work really well sometimes. If a problem is heavily numeric, for example, linear programming approximations to the integer programming problem can sometimes work well and avoid numerical inaccuracies. Some people make great use of genetic algorithms. I consider it a character flaw that I can’t ever tune the parameters correctly.
Simulated annealing conforms to my intuition about the way the world works. I first heard about the technique in a lecture by its main inventor Kirkpatrick in 1983. He described how he had thought of the idea when he had to solve a traveling salesman-like problem - how to minimize the lengths of wires (I think power wires) around a circuit board. The problem was NP-complete but the company (IBM) needed a solution. Kirkpatrick was a solid-state physicist, so he suggested a technique inspired by the cooling of crystals.
If you take liquid silicon and freeze it quickly it will not form a crystal, which is the lowest energy state, but rather an amorphous (higher energy) blob. If you freeze it slowly (“anneal it”), then it will form a nice crystal. The slow cooling allows it to find an optimal state. At high temperatures atoms move rapidly, allowing them to escape local energy minima to fly off to far places. At lower temperatures, the atoms rearrange themselves only slightly.
Kirkpatrick reasoned that the same thing could be done with algorithms. Given a wire route at some stage of the algorithm, a move would replace, say, a random quadruple in the path, say A to B to C to D, by A to C to B to D in one of two cases:
The change resulted in a shorter path.
The change resulted in a longer path, but when you threw some pseudo-random dice, they came out in a certain improbable configuration.
Thus, step 2 is anti-greedy but occurs only with a certain probability. The key insight in Kirkpatrick’s proposal was that this probability of taking an anti-greedy move would depend on both the amount by which the path became longer, and on the amount of time the algorithm had run. The probability would start out quite high (potentially near 1) but then gradually become lower as the algorithm proceeded. Towards the end, the algorithm almost never does anti-greedy moves. In annealing terms, the temperature decreases over the course of the algorithm as does the probability of taking anti-greedy moves. Here is the pseudo-code.
take an initial route r1 initialize temperature T to a high value loop until T is low enough or you have found an answer close to optimal consider a randomly chosen possible change yielding a route r2 if r2 is lower cost than r1 then replace r1 by r2 else replace r1 by r2 with probability e((cost(r1)-cost(r2))/T) end if decrease the temperature T end loop
Note that the exponent is always negative for an anti-greedy move, so the probability is between 0 and 1. The larger the temperature T, the closer the exponent is to 0, so the higher the probability. Also, the larger the increase in cost the more negative, so the lower the probability. Thus, anti-greed tends to happen earlier and for small increases in cost.
Now, Kirkpatrick observed that the technique was in no way dependent on the specifics of wire layout, as I hope you can see from the pseudo-code. Further, the only parameters are the initial temperature, the speed at which the temperature decreases, and an encoding of the cost.
The elegance of this approach immediately appealed to me, but the feeling was not universal. One professor asked pointedly, “What have you proved?” “Nothing,” Kirkpatrick replied with that impatience that physicists manifest when faced with questions from pesky mathematicians. “Under certain conditions one can show that if you freeze infinitely slowly you will get a crystal, but what this means in terms of an algorithm is very uncertain.”
Their exchange illustrates a cultural divide between the heurist and the algorithmist. The heurist has an NP-hard problem to solve, so uses a heuristic that seems at least plausible. The algorithmist wants a time guarantee. Both have their place, but since NP-completeness has been around since the 1970s and no algorithm seems to be coming over the horizon, it’s possible that we’ll be stuck with heuristics for quite some time for many problems.
Heuristic search techniques offer no guarantee, however. The search space could have just one sweet spot protected by a high-cost slope as in Figure 2-25. This would make it hard even for simulated annealing to find the optimum.
I invite you now to apply simulated annealing to the overloaded scheduling problem. Here is how it goes. You have a bunch of tasks, each of which has a deadline, an amount of work, and a positive value. You receive all the value of the task if you finish by the deadline and nothing if you finish after the deadline. You have more work to do than you could possibly finish.
Task T1 takes 3 days with deadline on day 19 and value 17
Task T2 takes 4 days with deadline on day 23 and value 14
Task T3 takes 6 days with deadline on day 51 and value 10
Task T4 takes 3 days with deadline on day 30 and value 7
Task T5 takes 7 days with deadline on day 38 and value 13
Task T6 takes 6 days with deadline on day 36 and value 11
Task T7 takes 7 days with deadline on day 45 and value 18
Task T8 takes 3 days with deadline on day 16 and value 10
Task T9 takes 5 days with deadline on day 22 and value 13
Task T10 takes 2 days with deadline on day 13 and value 16
Task T11 takes 8 days with deadline on day 12 and value 6
Task T12 takes 1 day with deadline on day 31 and value 15
Task T13 takes 5 days with deadline on day 17 and value 13
Task T14 takes 2 days with deadline on day 2 and value 13
Task T15 takes 7 days with deadline on day 30 and value 11
Task T16 takes 5 days with deadline on day 11 and value 18
Task T17 takes 4 days with deadline on day 4 and value 10
Task T18 takes 5 days with deadline on day 27 and value 15
Task T19 takes 4 days with deadline on day 6 and value 15
How much value can you obtain in total from these tasks?
Now, before attempting to answer this using simulated annealing (or any technique of your choice), first try to establish an upper bound on the value. A simple upper bound is the sum of all values. But such an upper bound might be excessively high. So, let’s consider another method. Define the value density of a task to be the value of the task divided by the number of days it takes. For example, T18 has a value density of 15/5 = 3. Now, take the highest deadline (51 in this case). Order the tasks by descending order of their value densities.
T12: 15 T10: 8 T14: 6.5 T1: 5.666667 T19: 3.75 T16: 3.6 T2: 3.5 T8: 3.333333 T18: 3 T9: 2.6 T13: 2.6 T7: 2.571429 T17: 2.5 T4: 2.333333 T5: 1.857143 T6: 1.833333 T3: 1.666667 T15: 1.571429 T11: 0.75
To compute the upper bound, note their computation time and see how many of these tasks starting from the one with highest value density can complete by day 51. If there is any time left over, then use the next task’s value density and multiply it by the number of days left.
In this case, we can complete all tasks down to task T17 in 50 days using the value density ordering. The upper bound, therefore, is the total value for tasks T12, T10, T14, T1, T19, T16, T2, T8, T18, T9, T13, T7, T17, which is 187 plus the value density of T4 times the one day remaining (2.3). The total, therefore, is 189.3. Now this upper bound is generous in that we have loosely assumed that all these tasks have deadline 51. But it may still be useful.
Also, the value density heuristic may yield a good starting configuration for simulated annealing. Okay, enough hints. Try it for yourself.
How much value can you obtain in total from these tasks?
We’ll follow the heuristic of preferring tasks with the greatest value density (value/computation time), suggesting a schedule of T14 T19 T16 T10 T8 T1 T2 T15 T12 T5 T7 T3. These give values of 13, 15, 18, 16, 10, 17, 14, 11, 15, 13, 18, and 10 respectively for a total of 170. That is quite close to the upper bound of 183. See if you can anneal to something better.
[2]One can speculate that the reason people who make the most radical discoveries in science are young is that they act like flies. They are less committed to the methods that have worked in the past. Older people, like bees, make greedy moves hoping that experience will lead to an optimum result. To keep the edge, older folk should look around more.


About Jay
Objective Statement
I want to get good at coding to start developing some apps!
Employement History
USMC
Fiber optic technician
Network administrator
What do I like to do


"HERODIANS "a Jewish political party who sympathized with (Mark 3:6; 12:13; Matt, 22:16; Luke 20:20) the Herodian rulers in their general policy of government, and in the social customs which they introduced from Rome. They were at one with the Sadducees in holding the duty of submission to Rome, and of supporting the Herods on the throne. (Comp. Mark 8:15; Matthew 16:6.)
"HERODIANS "a Jewish political party who sympathized with (Mark 3:6; 12:13; Matt, 22:16; Luke 20:20) the Herodian rulers in their general policy of government, and in the social customs which they introduced from Rome. They were at one with the Sadducees in holding the duty of submission to Rome, and of supporting the Herods on the throne. (Comp.
Mark 8:15; Matthew 16:6.)


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Caleb Woods
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Writing
2/2/2019
Intermittent Offline System Tests
12/29/2017
My Experience with Intermittent Fasting
3/8/2017
Testing Rails APIs with JSON Schema
2/23/2017
Navigate by Word in iTerm2
1/23/2016
Naming Projects
11/1/2015
Testing React Components in Rails
10/19/2015
Choosing a Frontend for Form and Data Heavy Applications
8/23/2015
Minimal Blogging Infrastructure with Jekyll, Github, and Wercker
8/11/2015
Advanced Arel Cheat Sheet
8/2/2015
SSH to Ansible host by hostname
6/27/2015
Mixing Ansible Roles and Tasks
5/5/2015
Running Commands on Vagrant Guest from Host
4/6/2015
DIY Time Capsule with a Raspberry Pi
2/28/2015
Combining mkdir -p and touch
2/23/2015
Poltergeist with Rails and Angular
2/1/2015
Batch Resizing Images with Ruby
12/23/2014
Fix Partial Rails Migration
12/22/2014
Git Status in Your Bash Prompt
10/26/2014
Ruby Database Sharding with Sequel
10/7/2014
Oracle connection hanging in Ruby
8/26/2014
OWASP Password Hashing in Ruby
7/8/2014
What is your legacy?
7/2/2014
Rebasing Dependent Feature Branches
6/4/2014
Fog and Slow Rackspace Cloud Files Requests
5/10/2014
Angular.js, IE9, CORS, and Nginx
4/3/2014
Static Lists: Database Table, Module, or Enums
3/22/2014
'Simple' Git Merge Strategy
Writing Elsewhere
8/22/2017
Refining Craftsmanship through the Fire of Production Support
https://blog.rolemodelsoftware.com
2/25/2014
Teaching the Next Generation to Program
https://blog.rolemodelsoftware.com
9/23/2013
Communicating And Documenting Better With Commit Messages
https://blog.rolemodelsoftware.com


I Still Know What you Did last Summer A review by Joe Chamberlain
Starring Jennifer Love Hewitt; Freddie Prinze Jr.; Brandy; Mekhi Phifer & Muse Watson
I have to admit that I avoided going to see this film in the theater. Quite frankly, while I am a fan of Jennifer Love Hewitt's breasts, I don't think that they should be the entire selling feature of a movie. That is how it seems to be in I Still Know What You Did Last Summer. The more accurate title might have been I Still Know What Jennifer Love Hewitt's Breasts Did Last Summer, since they appear to be the stars of the show. And very impressive stars at that... But, I digress. Of course the other obvious flaw in the title of this little gem is the fact that the events referred to in the title actually happened two summers before this film takes place. So I don't think that it requires some sort of advanced university degree to figure out that the title really should be I Still Know What You Did Two Summers Ago.  This second option holds some appeal for me since it is fairly obvious that they aren't real adept at making movies either.
If this were some B-grade straight-to-video knock off that had at its core a bad story, dumb villain and an abnormal obsession with Ms. Hewitt's breasts, I'd say, "OK, I'll happily sit here and watch her breasts for a couple of hours". The fact is that this is a sequel to one of the better horror films of the past few years, so I expected a little more. (Story wise, not breast wise.) If you are beginning to think that I might have some sort of obsession with Ms. Hewitt's chest, it's really not so. Although I am an admirer. It seems that this film is truly based around her chest. All of the publicity shots from this film inevitably show her in some low cut number. And she always seems to be a little damp. Every time this turkey gets a little slow (which is all too frequent) the camera inevitably pans over and focuses in on her chest. I kid you not. It almost makes me think that the producers knew that what they had on their hands film wise wasn't what you'd call a masterpiece. So they figured that the only way that they were going to get anyone in theaters was to pander to the lowest denominator -- over-sexed teenage boys. My guess is that this group predominated the tickets sold for I Still Know's theatrical run.
Gone is the clever Kevin Williamson script from the first film. In its wake is every tired and overused horror film cliché from the past twenty years. I guessed who the killer was the first time that that person was on camera, and I'm not exactly a rocket scientist. I'm not even going to get into the ending of the first film that, without giving it away, didn't exactly seem to lend itself to a sequel.
No matter, here we are again and Jennifer Love Hewitt is back at university a year after most of her friends were killed by a hook-wielding fisherman.  Her roommate (Brandy) wins a radio contest and the two roomies, with two guys in tow, head off on a free weekend in the Bahamas. Of course, the hotel is on a small and mostly deserted island (how convenient) and a hurricane is just blowing in as they arrive (you can't make a formula horror film without high winds and rain). Sorry if I spoil any surprise kids, but guess what? Our old buddy the hook-wielding fisherman turns up on the island with them and starts slicing and dicing people one by one.
The only positive thing that I can say about this movie is that at least this time the killer fisherman, who I have long considered to be one of the dumbest slasher film killers ever (he would be the dumbest if it weren't for Leatherface) is at least dressed somewhat properly here. Since they are in the middle of a hurricane, his black rain hat and slicker don't look too out of place. Unlike in the first movie when he seemingly wandered around unnoticed in the middle of a hot sunny day wearing the same ridiculous getup.
Acting wise -- lets just say everyone avoids embarrassing themselves. Not much else can be said for the cast. Holdovers from the first film Jennifer Love Hewitt and Freddie Prinze Jr., proved in the original that they are talented actors. Unfortunately, the script of this latest film doesn't give them any material to enforce that.
In the end, this is a B-grade slasher flick from the word go. If it wasn't for the fact that it is the sequel to the very clever I Know What You Did Last Summer and for the fact that it boasts Jennifer Love Hewitt and Freddie Prinze Jr. in the cast, this film would wind up collecting dust on the shelf of your local video store. Sadly, it is very obvious that Hollywood hot shot Kevin Williamson was not involved in this project to give it the same depth that he injected in to the first one.
6/10 -- 4 for the movie and 2 for Jennifer Love Hewitt's breasts
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(Raleway) We cannot become what we want by remaining what we are. -Max Depree
(Quicksand) Coaching is the universal language of change and learning. -CNN
(KoHo) The best way to predict your future is to create it. -Abraham Lincoln
(Maven Pro) The positive thinker sees the invisible, feels the intangible, and achieves the impossible.
(Alegreya) Almost everything will work again if you unplug it for a few minutes...including you. Anne Lamott.
(Quattrocento Sans) When it is obvious the goals cannot be reached, don't adjust the goal, adjust the action. -Confucius
(Pontana Sans) To succeed in life, you need three things: a wishbone, a backbone, and a funnybone.
(Cormorant upright) Don't let a win get to your head...or a loss to your heart.
(Sawarabi mincho) If we wait until we're ready, we'll be waiting for the rest of our lives.
(El Messiri) If they stand behind you, protect them. If they stand beside you, support them. If they stand against you, defeat them.
(Syncopate) Sometimes when you're in a dark place, you think you've been buried, but actually you've been planted. -Christine Caine
(Fauna One) We don't have to do all of it alone. We were never meant to. -Brene Brown
(Andika) Set your life on fire. Seek those who fan your flames. -Rumi
(Gabriela) Patience is also a form of action. -Auguste Rodin
(IM Fell English SC) Where are YOU from? -MS
(Montserrat Subrayada) Fears will not stop death. They will stop your life.


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Duration
15 minutes
Goals
The goal of this lab is to write C# code to access and manipulate the UI of an Activity. Your code will need to read/write the properties on several text controls and subscribe to an event on a button. To do this, you will need to assign Ids to some of the views in the XML and lookup the views by Id in the code.
You will be continuing to work on the TipCalculator app.
The picture below shows the UI. The two TextView
s that display the words
Tip and Total are static and you won't need to access them.
All the other views will need to be accessed from code: the EditText
so you can
read the amount of the bill, the Button
so you can subscribe to its Click
event, and the other two TextView
s so you can display the values you calculate
for the tip and total.
Required assets
The provided Resources folder for this part contains a subfolder named Completed with a solution you can use to check your work. This lab is a continuation of the previous one. If you did not complete the previous exercise, you can use the Completed solution from the previous part as starter code for this part.
Challenge
Use the guidelines here to work through the exercise on your own. Alternatively, you can use the step-by-step instructions given below.
- Open Resources > Layout > Main.axml.
- Add an
android:id
to theEditText
, theButton
, and the secondTextView
in each of the horizontalLinearLayout
s. - Open MainActivity.cs.
- Add four fields to the
MainActivity
class, one for each of the four views to which you added Ids (i.e. anEditText
, aButton
, and twoTextView
s). - Inside
OnCreate
, use theFindViewById
method to lookup each of the four views and assign the returned references to the corresponding fields. - Subscribe a handler to the button's
Click
event. - In your click-handler, retrieve the
Text
from theEditText
. This will be the amount of the bill. - Compute a 15% tip for the bill. Compute the total payment (bill + tip).
- Load the tip amount into the
Text
property of theTextView
intended to display the tip. - Load the total payment into the
Text
property of theTextView
intended to display the total. - Run the app to test your work.
Steps
Below are the step-by-step instructions to implement the exercise.
Add Ids
Here you will assign Ids to some of your views in the XML so they will be accessible from the C# code.
- Open the file Resource > Layout > Main.axml in the Source view.
-
Add an Id to the
EditText
. The XML is shown below. The "@+id
" characters indicate that you want to create a new Id value. The text after the forward slash is the value for the Id.<EditText android:id="@+id/inputBill" android:layout_width ="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
-
Add an Id of
calculateButton
to theButton
. -
Add an Id of
outputTip
to the secondTextView
inside the first of the two horizontalLinearLayout
s. -
Add an Id of
outputTotal
to the secondTextView
inside the second of the two horizontalLinearLayout
s.
Lookup views from code
Here you will use the Ids you just assigned to lookup those views from the code. You will store the references in fields inside your Activity class.
- Open MainActivity.cs.
-
Add four fields to the
MainActivity
class, one for each of the four views to which you added Ids (i.e. anEditText
, aButton
, and twoTextView
s). The code is provided below, hidden behind a button. The provided code uses the same value for the Id and the name of the associated field; that's just a convention and is not required. -
Inside
OnCreate
, use theFindViewById
method to lookup each of the four views and assign the returned references to the corresponding fields. Be sure to place your lookup code after the call toSetContentView
; the views you are trying to access are created inSetContentView
so they don't exist until after that call completes. The code for the first one is provided below, hidden behind a button.
Access views from code
Here you will use the view references in your code to access the properties and events of the UI views.
-
Inside
OnCreate
, subscribe a handler to the button'sClick
event. TheClick
event uses the standard .NET event pattern so the handler will have anobject
parameter and anEventArgs
parameter. -
In your click-handler, retrieve the
Text
from theEditText
. This will be the amount of the bill. The code is provided below, hidden behind a button. -
Convert the bill input from a
string
to adouble
. - Compute a 15% tip for the bill and store it in a local variable.
- Compute the total payment (original bill + tip) and store it in a local variable.
-
Load the tip amount into the
Text
property of theTextView
intended to display the tip. Your tip amount should be in a variable of typedouble
; you can use itsToString
method to convert it into astring
so you can assign it to theText
property of theTextView
. -
Load the total payment into the
Text
property of theTextView
intended to display the total. - Run the app to test your work.
-
[OPTIONAL] The text labels and outputted values do not have any space between them. You can fix this by including a
layout margin setting to add space around the outside of a view.
Add the attribute setting shown below to the
TextView
displaying the text "Tip". Similarly, add a right margin of10dp
to theTextView
displaying the text "Total".android:layout_marginRight="20dp"
Summary
In this exercise, you implemented the C# code behavior for an Activity. The key technique here was assigning Ids in XML and then using the Ids to lookup the views from your code. This lets you write code that manipulates your Activity's UI.


I am a passionate Programmer and enjoy learning new concepts and exploring new developments in the ICT industry to help me stay on cutting edge and to ensure that I give my clients the best that technology has to offer.
Certificate Secondary Education.
Clerical Data entry work for Nasadiki Ltd.
As a Programmer its my rensponsibility to create and actualise ideas through code and seeing those ideas being a reality,


darkhistory.spec.spectrum.Spectrum¶
-
class
darkhistory.spec.spectrum.
Spectrum
(eng, data, rs=-1.0, in_eng=-1.0, spec_type='dNdE')¶ Structure for particle spectra.
Parameters: - eng : ndarray
Abscissa for the spectrum.
- data : ndarray
Spectrum stored as N or dN/dE.
- rs : float, optional
The redshift (1+z) of the spectrum. Default is -1.
- in_eng : float, optional
The injection energy of the primary, if this is a secondary spectrum. Default is -1.
- mode : {‘N’, ‘dNdE’}, optional
Whether the input is N or dN/dE in each bin. Default is ‘dNdE’.
Attributes: - eng : ndarray
Abscissa for the spectrum.
- dNdE : ndarray
dN/dE of the spectrum.
- N : ndarray
N of the spectrum.
- rs : float, optional
The redshift (1+z) of the spectrum. Set to -1 if not specified.
- length : int
The length of the abscissa.
- underflow : dict of str: float
The underflow total number of particles and total energy.
Methods
at_eng
(new_eng[, left, right])Interpolates the spectrum at a new abscissa. contract
(mat)Performs a dot product with the Spectrum
.engloss_rebin
(in_eng, out_eng[, …])Converts an energy loss spectrum to a secondary spectrum. rebin
(out_eng)Rebins according to a new abscissa. rebin_fast
(out_eng)Rebins the Spectrum
with ‘N’ spec_type quickly.redshift
(new_rs)Redshifts the Spectrum
object as a photon spectrum.shift_eng
(new_eng)Shifts the abscissa while conserving number. switch_spec_type
([target])Switches between data being stored as N or dN/dE. totN
([bound_type, bound_arr])Returns the total number of particles in part of the spectrum. toteng
([bound_type, bound_arr])Returns the total energy of particles in part of the spectrum. -
__init__
(eng, data, rs=-1.0, in_eng=-1.0, spec_type='dNdE')¶ Initialize self. See help(type(self)) for accurate signature.
-
__add__
(other)¶ Adds two
Spectrum
instances together, or an array to the spectrum. TheSpectrum
object is on the left.The returned
Spectrum
will have its underflow reset to zero if other is not aSpectrum
object.Parameters: - other : Spectrum or ndarray
The object to add to the current
Spectrum
object.
Returns: - Spectrum
New
Spectrum
instance which has the summed spectrum.
See also
Notes
This special function, together with
Spectrum.__radd__()
, allows the use of the symbol+
to addSpectrum
objects together.
-
__init__
(eng, data, rs=-1.0, in_eng=-1.0, spec_type='dNdE') Initialize self. See help(type(self)) for accurate signature.
-
__mul__
(other)¶ Takes the product of the spectrum with a
Spectrum
object, array or number.The
Spectrum
object is on the left.Parameters: - other : Spectrum, ndarray, float or int
The object to multiply to the current
Spectrum
object.
Returns: - Spectrum
New
Spectrum
instance which has the multiplied spectrum.
See also
Notes
This special function, together with
Spectrum.__rmul__()
, allows the use of the symbol*
to multiplySpectrum
objects or an array andSpectrum
.The returned
Spectrum
object has underflow set to zero if other is not aSpectrum
object.
-
__neg__
()¶ Negates the spectrum.
Returns: - Spectrum
New
Spectrum
instance with the spectrum negated.
Notes
The returned
Spectrum
object has underflow set to zero.
-
__radd__
(other)¶ Adds two
Spectrum
instances together, or an array to the spectrum. TheSpectrum
object is on the right.The returned
Spectrum
will have its underflow reset to zero if other is not aSpectrum
object.Parameters: - other : Spectrum or ndarray
The object to add to the current
Spectrum
object.
Returns: - Spectrum
New
Spectrum
instance which has the summed spectrum.
See also
Notes
This special function, together with
Spectrum.__add__()
, allows the use of the symbol+
to addSpectrum
objects together.
-
__rmul__
(other)¶ Takes the product of the spectrum with an array or number.
The
Spectrum
object is on the right.Parameters: See also
Notes
This special function, together with
Spectrum.__mul__()
, allows the use of the symbol*
to multiplySpectrum
objects or an array and Spectrum.The returned
Spectrum
object has its underflow set to zero.
-
__rsub__
(other)¶ Subtracts this
Spectrum
from another or an array.Parameters: - other : Spectrum or ndarray
The object from which to subtract the current
Spectrum
object.
Returns: - Spectrum
New
Spectrum
instance which has the subtracted spectrum.
See also
Notes
This special function, together with
Spectrum.__sub__()
, allows the use of the symbol - to subtract or subtract fromSpectrum
objects.
-
__rtruediv__
(other)¶ Divides a number or array by the spectrum.
The
Spectrum
object is on the right.Parameters: Notes
This special function, together with
Spectrum.__truediv__()
, allows the use of the symbol/
to multiplySpectrum
objects or an array andSpectrum
.The returned
Spectrum
object underflow is set to zero.
-
__sub__
(other)¶ Subtracts a
Spectrum
or an array from thisSpectrum
.Parameters: - other : Spectrum or ndarray
The object to subtract from the current
Spectrum
object.
Returns: - Spectrum
New
Spectrum
instance which has the subtracted spectrum.
See also
Notes
This special function, together with
Spectrum.__rsub__()
, allows the use of the symbol-
to subtract or subtract fromSpectrum
objects.The returned
Spectrum
object underflow is reset to zero if other is not aSpectrum
object.
-
__truediv__
(other)¶ Divides the spectrum by an array or number.
The
Spectrum
object is on the left.Parameters: - other : ndarray, float or int
The object to divide the current
Spectrum
object by.
Returns: - Spectrum
New
Spectrum
instance which has the divided spectrum.
See also
Notes
This special function, together with
Spectrum.__rtruediv__()
, allows the use of the symbol/
to multiplySpectrum
objects or an array and Spectrum.The returned
Spectrum
object underflow is set to zero.
-
__weakref__
¶ list of weak references to the object (if defined)
-
at_eng
(new_eng, left=-200, right=-200)¶ Interpolates the spectrum at a new abscissa.
Interpolation is logarithmic.
Parameters: - new_eng : ndarray
The new energies to interpolate at.
- left : float, optional
Returns the value if beyond the first bin on the left. Default is to return -200, so that the exponential is small.
- right : float, optional
Returns the value if beyond the last bin on the right. Default is to return -200, so that the exponential is small.
-
contract
(mat)¶ Performs a dot product with the
Spectrum
.Parameters: - mat : ndarray
The array to take the dot product with.
Returns: - float
The resulting dot product.
-
engloss_rebin
(in_eng, out_eng, out_spec_type=None, fast=False)¶ Converts an energy loss spectrum to a secondary spectrum.
An “energy loss spectrum” is a distribution of outgoing particles as a function of energy lost \(\Delta\) saved in self.eng after some interaction for an incoming particle \(E'\) specified by in_eng. The “secondary spectrum” is simply the distribution of outgoing particles as a function of their own energy \(E\) instead, with abscissa out_eng.
Parameters: - in_eng : float
The injection energy of the primary which gives rise to self.dNdE as the energy loss spectrum.
- out_eng : ndarray
The final energy abscissa to bin into. If not specified, it is assumed to be the same as the initial abscissa.
- out_spec_type: {‘N’, ‘dNdE’}, optional
The spec_type of the output spectrum. If not specified, the output spectrum will have the same spec_type.
- fast: bool, optional
If fast, uses
Spectrum.rebin_fast()
instead ofSpectrum.rebin()
for speed.
See also
Notes
This function is simply a numerical version of the fact that
\[\frac{dN}{d \Delta}(\Delta) = \frac{dN}{dE} (E = E' - \Delta) \]in discretized form, preserving the total number and total energy in the spectrum using
Spectrum.rebin()
.
-
rebin
(out_eng)¶ Rebins according to a new abscissa.
The total number and total energy is conserved.
If a bin in the old abscissa self.eng is below the lowest bin of the new abscissa out_eng, then the total number and energy not assigned to the lowest bin are assigned to the underflow.
If a bin in self.eng is above the highest bin in out_eng, a warning is thrown, the values are simply discarded, and the total number and energy can no longer be conserved.
Parameters: - out_eng : ndarray
The new abscissa to bin into.
Returns: - None
See also
Notes
Total number and energy are conserved by assigning the number of particles \(N\) in a bin of energy \(E\) to two adjacent bins in the new abscissa out_eng, with energies \(E_\text{low}\) and \(E_\text{upp}\) such that \(E_\text{low} < E < E_\text{upp}\). The number of particles \(N_\text{low}\) and \(N_\text{upp}\) assigned to these two bins are given by
\[\begin{split}N_\text{low} &= \frac{E_\text{upp} - E}{E_\text{upp} - E_\text{low}} N \,, \\ N_\text{upp} &= \frac{E - E_\text{low}}{E_\text{upp} - E_\text{low}} N\end{split}\]Rebinning works best when going from a finer binning to a coarser binning. Going the other way can result in spiky features, since the coarser binning simply does not contain enough information to reconstruct the finer binning in this way.
-
rebin_fast
(out_eng)¶ Rebins the
Spectrum
with ‘N’ spec_type quickly.Rebinning conserves total number and total energy. No checks are made: use with caution!
Parameters: - out_eng_interp : ndarray
The new abscissa to bin into. If self.eng has values that are smaller than out_eng[0] or larger than out_eng[-1], then the value is discarded without error.
See also
Notes
This implementation is identical to
Spectrum.rebin()
, but works only if the spec_type is of type ‘N’, and further dispenses with underflow and other checks.
-
redshift
(new_rs)¶ Redshifts the
Spectrum
object as a photon spectrum.Parameters: - new_rs : float
The new redshift (1+z) to redshift to.
Examples
>>> eng = np.array([1, 10, 100, 1000]) >>> spec = Spectrum(eng, np.ones(4), rs=100, spec_type='N') >>> spec.redshift(10) >>> print(spec.N) [1. 1. 1. 0.] >>> print(spec.underflow['N']) 1.0
-
shift_eng
(new_eng)¶ Shifts the abscissa while conserving number.
This function can be used to subtract or add some amount of energy from each bin in the spectrum. The dN/dE is adjusted to conserve number in each bin.
Parameters: - new_eng : ndarray
The new energy abscissa.
Returns: - None
-
switch_spec_type
(target=None)¶ Switches between data being stored as N or dN/dE.
Parameters: - target : {‘N’, ‘dNdE’}, optional
The target type to switch to. If not specified, performs a switch regardless.
Notes
Although both N and dN/dE can be accessed regardless of which values are stored, performing a switch before repeated computations can speed up the computation.
-
totN
(bound_type=None, bound_arr=None)¶ Returns the total number of particles in part of the spectrum.
The part of the spectrum can be specified in two ways, and is specified by bound_type. Multiple totals can be obtained through bound_arr.
Parameters: - bound_type : {‘bin’, ‘eng’, None}
The type of bounds to use. Bound values do not have to be within [0:length] for ‘bin’ or within the abscissa for ‘eng’. None should only be used when computing the total particle number in the spectrum.
Specifying
bound_type='bin'
without bound_arr returns self.N.- bound_arr : ndarray of length N, optional
An array of boundaries (bin or energy), between which the total number of particles will be computed. If bound_arr is None, but bound_type is specified, the total number of particles in each bin is computed. If both bound_type and bound_arr are None, then the total number of particles in the spectrum is computed.
For ‘bin’, bounds are specified as the bin boundary, with 0 being the left most boundary, 1 the right-hand of the first bin and so on. This is equivalent to integrating over a histogram. For ‘eng’, bounds are specified by energy values.
These boundaries need not be integer values for ‘bin’: specifying np.array([0.5, 1.5]) for example will include half of the first bin and half of the second.
Returns: - ndarray of length N-1, or float
Total number of particles in the spectrum, or between the specified boundaries.
See also
Examples
>>> eng = np.array([1, 10, 100, 1000]) >>> N = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4]) >>> spec = Spectrum(eng, N, spec_type='N') >>> spec.totN() 10.0 >>> spec.totN('bin', np.array([1, 3])) array([5.]) >>> spec.totN('eng', np.array([10, 1e4])) array([8.])
-
toteng
(bound_type=None, bound_arr=None)¶ Returns the total energy of particles in part of the spectrum.
The part of the spectrum can be specified in two ways, and is specified by bound_type. Multiple totals can be obtained through bound_arr.
Parameters: - bound_type : {‘bin’, ‘eng’, None}
The type of bounds to use. Bound values do not have to be within the [0:length] for ‘bin’ or within the abscissa for ‘eng’. None should only be used to obtain the total energy.
Specifying
bound_type='bin'
without bound_arr gives the total energy in each bin.- bound_arr : ndarray of length N, optional
An array of boundaries (bin or energy), between which the total number of particles will be computed. If unspecified, the total number of particles in the whole spectrum is computed.
For ‘bin’, bounds are specified as the bin boundary, with 0 being the left most boundary, 1 the right-hand of the first bin and so on. This is equivalent to integrating over a histogram. For ‘eng’, bounds are specified by energy values.
These boundaries need not be integer values for ‘bin’: specifying np.array([0.5, 1.5]) for example will include half of the first bin and half of the second.
Returns: - ndarray of length N-1, or float
Total energy in the spectrum or between the specified boundaries.
See also
Examples
>>> eng = np.array([1, 10, 100, 1000]) >>> N = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4]) >>> spec = Spectrum(eng, N, spec_type='N') >>> spec.toteng() 4321.0 >>> spec.toteng('bin', np.array([1, 3])) array([320.]) >>> spec.toteng('eng', np.array([10, 1e4])) array([4310.])


|
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_INIT #error "Replace with custom definition" |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_DUMP(filename) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_NAME_THREAD(captureMask, tid, fmt, ...) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_SET_CAPTURE_MASK(captureMask) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_FRAME_MARK(captureMask) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_SCOPED_ZONE(captureMask, color, fmt, ...) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_SCOPED_ZONE_P0(captureMask, color, txt) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_SCOPED_ZONE_P1(captureMask, color, txt, param1) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_SCOPED_ZONE_P2(captureMask, color, txt, param1, param2) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_SCOPED_ZONE_P3(captureMask, color, txt, param1, param2, param3) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_ZONE_MARKER(captureMask, color, fmt, ...) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_ZONE_MARKER_P0(captureMask, color, txt) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_ZONE_MARKER_P1(captureMask, color, txt, param1) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_ZONE_MARKER_P2(captureMask, color, txt, param1, param2) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_ZONE_MARKER_P3(captureMask, color, txt, param1, param2, param3) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_PLOT(captureMask, val, txt) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_ALLOC(captureMask, ptr, size, fmt, ...) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_FREE(captureMask, ptr, fmt, ...) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_MUTEX(type, varname) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_MUTEX_TYPE(type) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_WAIT_FOR_LOCK_START(captureMask, pLock, fmt, ...) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_WAIT_FOR_END(captureMask) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_LOCK_ACQUIRED(captureMask, pLock, fmt, ...) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
|
#define | GTS_TRACE_LOCK_RELEASED(captureMask, pLock) #error "Replace with custom definition or nothing." |
| |
User defined wrappers for the tracing API.


Super-Fast Light Memory Game!
✨
Welcome traveler. Try your best to copy the light's pattern. You have two chances to fix your mistakes.
✨
15
Start
Stop
0


aws workmail
Manage Amazon WorkMail using the CLI.
More information: home page
- List all WorkMail organizations:
aws workmail list-organizations
- List all users of a specific organization:
aws workmail list-users --organization-id organization_id
- Create a WorkMail user in a specific organization:
aws workmail create-user --name username --display-name name --password password --organization-id organization_id
- Register and enable a group/user to WorkMail:
aws workmail register-to-work-mail --entity-id entity_id --email email --organization-id organization_id
- Create a WorkMail group in a specific organization:
aws workmail create-group --name group_name --organization-id organization_id
- Associate a member to a specific group:
aws workmail associate-member-to-group --group-id group_id --member-id member_id --organization-id organization_id
- Deregister and disable a user/group from WorkMail:
aws workmail deregister-from-work-mail --entity-id entity_id --organization-id organization_id
- Delete a user from an organization:
aws workmail delete-user --user-id user_id --organization-id organization_id


| Most Used Browsers |
|
|
|
|
|
Browser
|
Hits
|
% of Total Hits
|
Visitor Sessions
|
|
1 |
Microsoft Internet Explorer |
11,923,319 |
93.65% |
537,860 |
|
2 |
Googlebot/2.1 ( http://www.googlebot.com/bot.html) |
225,906 |
1.77% |
18,372 |
|
3 |
Other Netscape Compatible |
101,074 |
0.79% |
13,839 |
|
4 |
Mediapartners-Google/2.1 ( http://www.googlebot.com/bot.html) |
125,329 |
0.98% |
9,798 |
|
5 |
Netscape |
210,618 |
1.65% |
8,215 |
|
6 |
MSProxy/2.0 |
26,439 |
0.2% |
4,688 |
|
7 |
NPBot (http://www.nameprotect.com/botinfo.html) |
1,700 |
0.01% |
1,500 |
|
8 |
InternetSeer.com |
1,005 |
0% |
972 |
|
9 |
- |
9,579 |
0.07% |
680 |
|
10 |
ia_archiver |
15,990 |
0.12% |
660 |
|
11 |
msnbot/0.11 ( http://search.msn.com/msnbot.htm) |
7,898 |
0.06% |
284 |
|
12 |
iPlanet-Web-Proxy-Server/3.6 (Batch update) |
216 |
0% |
196 |
|
13 |
appie 1.1 (www.walhello.com) |
258 |
0% |
195 |
|
14 |
Nutscrape/9.0 (CP/M; 8-bit) |
5,439 |
0.04% |
181 |
|
15 |
WhatsUp_Gold/7.0 |
36,156 |
0.28% |
166 |
|
16 |
Microsoft URL Control - 6.00.8169 |
573 |
0% |
128 |
|
17 |
Microsoft URL Control - 6.00.8862 |
723 |
0% |
106 |
|
18 |
Wget/1.8.2 |
12,303 |
0.09% |
63 |
|
19 |
Wget/1.5.3 |
12,420 |
0.09% |
61 |
|
20 |
Nokia3510/1.0 (3.37) (Google WAP Proxy/1.0) |
569 |
0% |
58 |
|
Total For Browsers Above
|
12,717,514
|
99.89%
|
598,022
|
|


License¶
Copyright © 2021 Giovanni Squillero
The Extended Selfish Gene (SGX) is free and open-source software , and it is distributed under the permissive Apache License 2.0.
Acknowledgements¶
This Documentation was built with Sphinx using a theme provided by Read the Docs.


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$TTL 3d
@ IN SOA root.localhost. root.sneaky.net. (
2015050503 ; serial
12h ; refresh
15m ; retry
3w ; expire
3h ; negative response TTL
)
IN NS root.localhost.
IN NS localhost. ; secondary name server is preferably externally maintained
www IN A <IP_ADDRESS>
ww1 IN CNAME www


--- title: format_file keywords: fastai sidebar: home_sidebar summary: "Functions to format a SQL file with multiple queries and SQL statements" description: "Functions to format a SQL file with multiple queries and SQL statements" nb_path: "nbs/01_format_file.ipynb" ---
sql_file = """
--- Views for some nice data mart ---
use database my_database;
use schema my_schema;
create or replace view first_view as -- my first view
select a.car_id,
b.car_name, sum(a.price) over (partition by b.car_name order by a.car_id) as sum_price, a.price,
from sales as a left join (select car_id, car_name, from cars) as b
on a.car_id = b.car_id
where car_id>1 and car_id<=100 order by b.car_name;
-- Table no. 1 --
create or replace table first_table as -- my first table
select car_id,
avg(price) as avg_price,
from first_view
group by car_id order by car_id;
--- End of file ---
""".strip()
Then we would like to format the SQL-queries in this file, while letting every other non-query-SQL statement untouched. For the example above we would like to have something like this:
expected_sql_file = """
--- Views for some nice data mart ---
use database my_database;
use schema my_schema;
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW first_view AS -- my first view
SELECT a.car_id,
b.car_name,
sum(a.price) OVER (PARTITION BY b.car_name
ORDER BY a.car_id) as sum_price,
a.price
FROM sales as a
LEFT JOIN (SELECT car_id,
car_name
FROM cars) as b
ON a.car_id = b.car_id
WHERE car_id > 1
and car_id <= 100
ORDER BY b.car_name;
-- Table no. 1 --
CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE first_table AS -- my first table
SELECT car_id,
avg(price) as avg_price
FROM first_view
GROUP BY car_id
ORDER BY car_id;
--- End of file ---
""".lstrip()
format_sql
Basic file formatting
assert_and_print(
format_sql_commands(sql_file),
expected_sql_file
)
Using the /*skip-formatter*/
marker to not format some query
assert_and_print(
format_sql_commands("""
use database my_database;
/*skip-formatter*/
create Or replace View my_view aS
select asdf, qwer
from table1;
create or replace table my_table As
Select asdf, qwer
From table2
group by asdf;
"""),
"""use database my_database;
/*skip-formatter*/
create Or replace View my_view aS
select asdf, qwer
from table1;
CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE my_table AS
SELECT asdf,
qwer
FROM table2
GROUP BY asdf;
""")
assert_and_print(
format_sql_commands("""
create or replace table my_table As
Select asdf, qwer
From table2
group by asdf;
"""),
"""
CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE my_table AS
SELECT asdf,
qwer
FROM table2
GROUP BY asdf;
""".lstrip())
assert_and_print(
format_sql_commands("""
create or replace table my_table As
Select asdf, qwer
From table2
group by asdf -- some comment
;
"""),
"""
CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE my_table AS
SELECT asdf,
qwer
FROM table2
GROUP BY asdf; -- some comment
""".lstrip())
assert_and_print(
format_sql_commands(
"""
create table my_table As
select asdf, Qwer, /* ; */
qwer2, -- ;
replace(';', '', qwer3) as Qwer4
from table1; /* Some comment */
create view my_view As
Select asdf
From my_table; /* Another comment */
"""
),
"""
CREATE TABLE my_table AS
SELECT asdf,
qwer, /* ; */
qwer2, -- ;
replace(';', '', qwer3) as qwer4
FROM table1; /* Some comment */
CREATE VIEW my_view AS
SELECT asdf
FROM my_table; /* Another comment */
""".lstrip()
)
assert_and_print(
format_sql_commands(
"""
create or replace transient table my_table As
select asdf, Qwer, /* ; */
qwer2, -- ;
replace(';', '', qwer3) as Qwer4
from table1;
create view my_view As
Select asdf
From my_table;
""".lstrip()
),
"""
CREATE OR REPLACE TRANSIENT TABLE my_table AS
SELECT asdf,
qwer, /* ; */
qwer2, -- ;
replace(';', '', qwer3) as qwer4
FROM table1;
CREATE VIEW my_view AS
SELECT asdf
FROM my_table;
""".lstrip()
)
If the validation fails, then the function returns a dictionary instead of the formatted queries with information about the error
Semicolon validation error
assert_and_print(
format_sql_commands(
"""
create or replace transient table my_table As
select asdf, Qwer, /* ; */
qwer2, -- ;
replace(';', '', qwer3) as Qwer4
from table1
create view my_view As
Select asdf
From my_table;
""".lstrip()
),
{"semicolon": {"error_code": 2, "lines": [(1, 7)]}}
)
Unbalanced parenthesis error
assert_and_print(
format_sql_commands(
"""
create or replace transient table my_table As
select asdf, Qwer, /* ; */
(qwer2, -- ; ()
( /* ) */
replace(';', '', qwer3) as Qwer4
from table1;
create view my_view As
(Select asdf
From my_table;
""".lstrip()
),
{"unbalanced_parenthesis": {"error_code": 3, "lines": [[3, 4], [9]]}}
)
Unbalanced parenthesis + semicolon error
assert_and_print(
format_sql_commands(
"""
create or replace transient table my_table As
select asdf, Qwer, /* ; */
(qwer2, -- ; ()
( /* ) */
replace(';', '', qwer3) as Qwer4
from table1
create view my_view As
(Select asdf
From my_table;
""".lstrip()
),
{
"semicolon": {"error_code": 2, "lines": [(1, 8)]},
"unbalanced_parenthesis": {"error_code": 3, "lines": [[3, 4, 9]]},
}
)
Unbalanced case when ... end
assert_and_print(
format_sql_commands(
"""
create or replace transient table my_table As
select asdf, Qwer, /* ; */
case when asdf = 1 then 1 as qwer,
replace(';', '', qwer3) as Qwer4
from table1;
create view my_view As
""".lstrip()
),
{"unbalanced_case": {"error_code": 4, "lines": [[3]]}}
)
with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode="r+") as file:
file.write(sql_file)
file.seek(0)
format_sql_file(file.name)
formatted_file = file.read()
assert_and_print(
formatted_file,
expected_sql_file
)
sql_forgotten_semicolon = """
create or replace transient table my_table As
select asdf, Qwer, /* ; */
qwer2, -- ;
replace(';', '', qwer3) as Qwer4
from table1
create view my_view As
Select asdf
From my_table;
""".lstrip()
with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode="r+") as file:
file.write(sql_forgotten_semicolon)
file.seek(0)
exit_code = format_sql_file(file.name)
formatted_file = file.read()
assert_and_print( # no formatting
formatted_file,
sql_forgotten_semicolon
)
assert exit_code == 2
sql_forgotten_semicolon = """
create or replace transient table my_table As
select asdf, Qwer, /* ; */
(qwer2, -- ;
replace(';', '', qwer3) as Qwer4
from table1;
create view my_view As
(Select asdf
From my_table;
""".lstrip()
with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode="r+") as file:
file.write(sql_forgotten_semicolon)
file.seek(0)
exit_code = format_sql_file(file.name)
formatted_file = file.read()
assert_and_print( # no formatting
formatted_file,
sql_forgotten_semicolon
)
assert exit_code == 2
sql_forgotten_semicolon = """
create or replace transient table my_table As
select asdf, Qwer, /* ; */
(qwer2, -- ;
replace(';', '', qwer3) as Qwer4
from table1
create view my_view As
(Select asdf
From my_table;
""".lstrip()
with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode="r+") as file:
file.write(sql_forgotten_semicolon)
file.seek(0)
exit_code = format_sql_file(file.name)
formatted_file = file.read()
assert_and_print( # no formatting
formatted_file,
sql_forgotten_semicolon
)
assert exit_code == 2
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
with open(os.path.join(tmp_dir, "tmp"), "w") as f:
f.write(sql_file)
with open(os.path.join(tmp_dir, "tmp2"), "w") as f:
f.write(sql_file)
format_sql_files([os.path.join(tmp_dir, "tmp"), os.path.join(tmp_dir, "tmp2")])
with open(os.path.join(tmp_dir, "tmp"), "r") as f:
formatted_file = f.read()
assert_and_print(
formatted_file,
expected_sql_file
)
with open(os.path.join(tmp_dir, "tmp2"), "r") as f:
formatted_file = f.read()
assert_and_print(
formatted_file,
expected_sql_file
)


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Michael Schumacher's ex-manager claims F1 legend's wife hiding 'truth' about condition
The 25th anniversary of the seven-time world champion's first F1 triumph is being celebrated in a German documentary, where his former manager has spoken out
by Alex Richards, https://www.facebook.com/AARichards/Michael Schumacher’s former manager has claimed that his wife is hiding the truth about the Formula One legend’s condition.
F1 legend Schumacher suffered a serious brain injury in December 2013 in a skiing accident in the French Alps, which left him in a coma.
Little has since been revealed about the condition of the seven-time world champion since he moved to being treated at home in September 2014.
Last month, Willi Weber, his long-term manager, told Munich newspaper TZ last month that Schumacher’s fans should be kept better informed.
Now, speaking in a German documentary, celebrating the 25th anniversary of Schumacher’s first World Championship in 1994, Weber has claimed that he has made numerous requests to see Schumacher - only for them to be knocked back by wife Corinna.
And he has stated that Corinna fears the truth about Schumacher’s condition entering the public domain.
"I know that Michael has been hit hard, but unfortunately I do not know what progress he makes,” Weber states in The Michael Schumacher Tale.
"I’d like to know how he’s doing and shake hands or stroke his face.
"But unfortunately, this is rejected by Corinna. She’s probably afraid that I’ll see right away what’s going on and make the truth public.
"I firmly believe in Michael’s recovery, because I know he is a fighter.
"If there is a chance, he will use it. That cannot be the end.
"I pray for him and am convinced that we will see him again."
Corinna, who married Michael in 1995, recently paid tribute to her husband in an interview with She magazine, while discussing her love of horses.
"When I was 30, I very much wanted to have a horse and Michael went with me to Dubai, where I intended to buy an Arabian horse," she said.
"He did everything for me. I will never forget who I have to thank. That would be my husband Michael."


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Before Change
def create_batch(self, batch_indices, *args, **kwargs):
Create a new batch by give indices and execute all previous lazy actions
batch = self.dataset.create_batch(batch_indices, *args, **kwargs)
self._exec_all_actions(batch)
return batch
def next_batch(self, batch_size, shuffle=False, one_pass=False, *args, **kwargs):
After Change
def create_batch(self, batch_indices, *args, **kwargs):
Create a new batch by give indices and execute all previous lazy actions
batch = self.dataset.create_batch(batch_indices, *args, **kwargs)
batch = self._exec_all_actions(batch)
return batch
def next_batch(self, batch_size, shuffle=False, one_pass=False, *args, **kwargs):


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Strictly's Mike Bushell astonished after seeing picture proof of weight loss
The BBC presenter, 53, became the seventh celebrity to leave Strictly Come Dancing at the weekend with partner Katya Jones
by Rose Hill, https://www.mirror.co.uk/authors/rose-hill/Mike Bushell was left utterly stunned after seeing a side-by-side picture revealing his weight loss on Strictly's It Takes Two tonight.
The BBC presenter, 53, became the seventh celebrity to leave the show at the weekend with professional partner Katya Jones.
Speaking to Rylan Clark-Neal following their exit, Mike and Katya watched clips from their time on the show.
Mike, who has lost around a stone and a half, joked that he couldn't recognise himself from the beginning of the show.
Sharing a picture of him at the beginning of the show paired up with a snap of him doing his last dance, Katya was stunned over the transformation.
She exclaimed: "Look at you!"
Rylan quipped: "No one wants to leave here being called a loser but I'd take that!"
The couple landed in the dance-off with Michelle Visage and Giovanni Pernice.
After both pairs performed their dances a second time, all judges chose to save Michelle and Giovanni, citing them as the "clear winner".
Despite that, Mike appeared to be happy and gushed about his "amazing" time on the show.
He said: "I have had the most amazing 9 or 10 weeks since we started training. I have lost a stone and half. I’m a guy in his 50s, I’m mentally sharper, I feel able to deal with pressured situations – thanks to the dance-offs! It has changed me completely and honestly I’m not going to stop dancing.
"My wife Emily has supported me all the way through and my daughters. My dad’s going to take up ballroom dancing and my mum has started Zumba – I want to thank all my family and the judges. I have all the comments framed around the house.
"Every moment has been an absolute honour and a joy. I didn’t think I’d get this far so I have already booked a hotel in Blackpool, so I’m still coming along. This amazing teacher, Katya, I can’t tell you the dedication that she puts in. She’d make the greatest sporting coach ever, she makes you believe that anything is possible.”
*Strictly returns on Saturday on BBC One


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Hotel Rezia has been the mainstay of the tradi-tional art of hospitality in Alta Valtellina since 1954. A perfectly charming Hotel thanks to its various renovations and extensions. Welcoming and elegant rooms offer a regenerative stay focussed on well-being and comfort all year round. Surrounded by the spectacular Alpine landscape, Hotel Rezia is situated on the peaceful outskirts of the town centre in a pedestrian area full of buildings, churches and towers that confirm a past which is overflowing with history and tradition. The Chalet is a small building joined to the hotel with double rooms and junior suites which have been tastefully and elegantly furnished. They are equipped with wireless Internet points, TV, safe, telephone and hairdryer. |


pips Red=142 White=134
(CorrectAnswer= 0/0, ErrorScore= 0)
Those of you have played chess will know that the most difficult type of sacrifice to find is the one where you place a piece en prise (where it can be captured) on an empty square. This week’s position is the backgammon equivalent of chess’s empty square sacrifice.
Black is in trouble in this position where White is ahead in race, threat and position, particularly after Black’s roll of 53 which really doesn't do him any favours. The automatic play is 13/10, 13/8. The problem with that move is that it puts no pressure whatsoever on White. Coupled with that, the play concedes control of the outer boards to White. Is there anything better?
Black could try 13/10, 6/1* but that leaves threes blots and still cedes control of the outer boards. The correct play is the empty square sacrifice, 8/5, 6/1*! , voluntarily slotting the open 5-pt in the hope that the blot can be covered next turn. This move attempts a blitz (note White’s second loose checker on Black’s 11-pt) but it could also lead to Black forming a prime against White’s rear checker(s). Additionally in this variation, Black keeps his mid-point so that his rear checkers are not totally abandoned to their fate.
I first saw this idea discussed in Marty Storer’s excellent book, “Backgammon Praxis”. The idea must have stuck because I managed to find this play over the board. I was rewarded when my opponent fanned with 63 and I won with a redouble a few moves later.
Once you have learnt the technique it can be reuse, as happened with myself. I am not sure I would have found the play without having read about the idea in Marty’s book. You have now been introduced to the concept so hopefully one day you can make use of it in your own games.
Black is in trouble in this position where White is ahead in race, threat and position, particularly after Black’s roll of 53 which really doesn't do him any favours. The automatic play is 13/10, 13/8. The problem with that move is that it puts no pressure whatsoever on White. Coupled with that, the play concedes control of the outer boards to White. Is there anything better?
Black could try 13/10, 6/1* but that leaves threes blots and still cedes control of the outer boards. The correct play is the empty square sacrifice, 8/5, 6/1*! , voluntarily slotting the open 5-pt in the hope that the blot can be covered next turn. This move attempts a blitz (note White’s second loose checker on Black’s 11-pt) but it could also lead to Black forming a prime against White’s rear checker(s). Additionally in this variation, Black keeps his mid-point so that his rear checkers are not totally abandoned to their fate.
I first saw this idea discussed in Marty Storer’s excellent book, “Backgammon Praxis”. The idea must have stuck because I managed to find this play over the board. I was rewarded when my opponent fanned with 63 and I won with a redouble a few moves later.
Once you have learnt the technique it can be reuse, as happened with myself. I am not sure I would have found the play without having read about the idea in Marty’s book. You have now been introduced to the concept so hopefully one day you can make use of it in your own games.
1. Cubeful 2-ply 13/10 13/8 Eq.: -0.341 0.320 0.084 0.002 - 0.680 0.168 0.009 2. Cubeful 2-ply 8/5 6/1* Eq.: -0.344 (-0.003) 0.335 0.107 0.003 - 0.665 0.219 0.019 3. Cubeful 2-ply 13/10 6/1* Eq.: -0.402 (-0.061) 0.314 0.098 0.003 - 0.686 0.217 0.020 4. Cubeful 2-ply 8/5 8/3 Eq.: -0.410 (-0.069) 0.310 0.091 0.003 - 0.690 0.210 0.018 5. Cubeful 2-ply 6/3 6/1* Eq.: -0.410 (-0.069) 0.307 0.087 0.002 - 0.693 0.203 0.014


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The name attached to your BC Services card does not match the name associated with your ERA Profile. By clicking Continue your details in your ERA Profile will be updated to match the details associated with your BC Services card.
| Evacuee Registration & Assistance (ERA) | BC Services Card | |
|---|---|---|
| Evacuee Registration & Assistance (ERA) |
{{ nameConflict?.originalValue?.lastName }} , {{ nameConflict?.originalValue?.firstName }} |
{{ nameConflict?.conflictingValue?.lastName }} , {{ nameConflict?.conflictingValue?.firstName }} |
| BC Services Card |
{{ nameConflict?.conflictingValue?.lastName }} , {{ nameConflict?.conflictingValue?.firstName }} |
The date of birth attached to your BC Services card does not match the date of birth associated with your ERA Profile. By clicking Continue your details in your ERA Profile will be updated to match the details associated with your BC Services card.
| Evacuee Registration & Assistance (ERA) | BC Services Card | |
|---|---|---|
| Evacuee Registration & Assistance (ERA) |
{{ dobConflict?.originalValue | customDate }} |
{{ dobConflict?.conflictingValue | customDate }} |
| BC Services Card |
{{ dobConflict?.conflictingValue | customDate }} |
The address attached to your BC Services card does not match the address associated with your ERA Profile. Do you want to update your address with the details from your BC Services Card?
| Evacuee Registration & Assistance (ERA) | BC Services Card | |
|---|---|---|
| Evacuee Registration & Assistance (ERA) |
{{ addressConflict?.originalValue?.addressLine1 }} {{ addressConflict?.originalValue?.addressLine2 }}
{{ addressConflict?.originalValue?.community?.name }}
{{ addressConflict?.originalValue?.stateProvince?.code }}
{{ addressConflict?.originalValue?.postalCode }} |
{{ addressConflict?.conflictingValue?.addressLine1 }} {{ addressConflict?.conflictingValue?.addressLine2 }}
{{ addressConflict?.conflictingValue?.community?.name }}
{{
addressConflict?.conflictingValue?.stateProvince?.code
}}
{{ addressConflict?.conflictingValue?.postalCode }} |
| BC Services Card |
{{ addressConflict?.conflictingValue?.addressLine1 }} {{ addressConflict?.conflictingValue?.addressLine2 }}
{{ addressConflict?.conflictingValue?.community?.name }}
{{
addressConflict?.conflictingValue?.stateProvince?.code
}}
{{ addressConflict?.conflictingValue?.postalCode }} |


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