Duration
30 minutes
Goals
This exercise takes an existing Xamarin.Forms Calculator application and converts the UI from code to XAML.
Assets
This exercise includes a starter project in the Part 01 Resources folder. Make sure you have this folder available before starting the exercise.
Challenge
This exercise takes an existing Calculator application which is using C# code to create the UI and generates applications which look like:
Your goal will be to remove all the code which creates the UI and replace it with a XAML page to create the same exact UI. Feel free to use the above picture to replicate the UI, here's the basic structure along with a color map (each B is a Button
).
- The root Grid's
BackgroundColor
is set toBlack
. - All the columns and rows are star-sized, with the first row being 2X as you can see from the red guidelines.
- The
RowSpacing
andColumnSpacing
is set to "1" to provide the black border around the buttons. - The
BorderRadius
for all the buttons is set to "0" to make them square on all the platforms. - The
FontSize
is set to "36" for all the elements except theLabel
which is using "48"
Here are the basic steps you will go through:
- Add a new XAML ContentPage to the project.
- Add the same control definition, using the existing code solution as an example, to the XAML page.
- Utilize the new XAML ContentPage instead of the code page.
If you have worked with XAML before, or find it to be relatively intuitive so far, then try to take the existing code definitions and replicate them in XAML using the above information as a guide - it's helpful to build and run periodically to check your progress.
If XAML is unfamiliar, then you can check out the guides below to remind yourself of the syntax, or follow along with the steps provided below.
Steps
Open the Starter Solution
- Open the Calculator.sln solution in the Part 01 Resources/Lab.Start folder in Visual Studio.
- This is a standard Xamarin.Forms application with a Portable Class Library for the shared UI and logic, and platform-specific projects for iOS, Windows, and Android.
- Go ahead and build and run the application to make sure it is all working before we begin making changes. As mentioned earlier, it displays a calculator and allows you to perform simple calculations.
Rename the Existing Page
We are going to replace the existing MainPage
with our new XAML version, so go ahead and rename the existing page to OldMainPage
- Open the MainPage.cs file.
- Right-Click on the
MainPage
class and select Refactor > Rename, or use ⌘R on macOS or CTRL+R+R in Windows while the cursor is on the class name. - Rename the file as well if your refactoring did not change it.
- Compile the app and make sure it builds - you don't need to run it, just make sure nothing is broken before you continue.
Add a new XAML-based Content Page to the project
Next, let's add a new XAML page where we will put the new UI definition.
- Add a new file to the PCL project - select the Forms > Forms ContentPage Xaml template in Visual Studio for Mac, and Forms Xaml Page in Visual Studio on Windows as shown below.
- Name the file MainPage as shown above.
Create the User Interface
Review what you are creating by looking at the screen shots at the start of this exercise.
- Open the MainPage.xaml file.
- Add a
Grid
as the first child tag in theContentPage
, if there is an existingLabel
just replace it with theGrid
. -
Set the following properties on the
Grid
:Padding
: "5,0"RowSpacing
: "1"ColumnSpacing
: "1"BackgroundColor
: "Black"
ContentPage.Content
tags, or leave them in if you prefer to be explicit. Since the default content property for the ContentPage
is the content, the result will be the same. Depending on the IDE you used to create the template, the tags may be present or absent.
- Add
RowDefinition
andColumnDefinition
elements to create a 4x6 grid - we want 4 columns and 6 rows, with the first row being 2X the size of all the others. All of the columns should be equally sized. - Here's the first row and column definition to show you the syntax:
<Grid ...> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="2*" /> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <ColumnDefinition Width="*" /> </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> </Grid>
-
Add a
Label
into the first row, have it span all four columns by setting theGrid.ColumnSpan
attached property, and set the following properties:FontAttributes
: "Bold"FontSize
: "48"BackgroundColor
: "Black"Text
: "0"TextColor
: "White"HorizontalTextAlignment
: "End"VerticalTextAlignment
: "Center"LineBreakMode
: "NoWrap"
-
Add all the buttons into the UI, placing them into each row and column as appropriate. Use the color map to set the
BackgroundColor
andTextColor
based on the app screenshot. In addition, on each button set theFontSize
to "36" and theBorderRadius
to "0".
Use the new MainPage
- Open the App.cs source file.
- In the
GetMainPage
method, create and return a newMainPage
object - this is your XAML page. This should replace the existingOldMainPage
which is there now. - Run the application and make sure it displays the calculator UI - it won't be functional yet since we've not wired up any behavior, but it should look identical to how we started.
public MainPage() { InitializeComponent(); // BindingContext = new ContentPageViewModel(); }The ContentPage template in some versions of Visual Studio generates with a backing view model, but there is a name mismatch between the view model class and the creation of the view model in the page constructor; this causes a compile error that you will have to fix before the build process can even begin the XAML compilation process.
Summary
In this exercise, you have taken an existing Xamarin.Forms application that defined the UI in C# code and converted it to use XAML for the UI defintion. You utilized attached properties, the property-element syntax and moved a large chunk of code into a declarative XML file.


A specification has a name and a root module, which
is in a file whose extension is .tla
.
You will probably give your spec the same name as its root module, but
you need not.
Two different specs cannot have the same name. Here are the Toolbox's
spec operations.
Warning: if you want to use the model checker,
your spec must not contain a module named MC
.
.tla
) and the specification name.
Note: here's how to change the name of both a spec and its root module from
Foo
to Bar
: Rename spec
Foo
to Bar
, save module Foo
as module Bar
(using the File/Save As
command), Forget module Bar
, and Open a new spec named
Bar
with module Bar
as its root module.
Here is how to move an existing spec named SName to a different folder (directory) on the same computer, or to a different computer. Copy all the spec's module files (the root-module file and its imported module files) and the folder (directory) named SName.toolbox to the new location. (If you're using TLAPS, also copy the directory SName.tlaps.)
If there is already a spec named SName (which will be the case if you're moving the spec to a different place on the same computer), have the Toolbox forget or delete it. Open a new specification named SName using the new copy of the root-module file.
You may want to run the Toolbox on different machines for the same spec. Once you've created a spec on one machine, copy the spec's module files and .toolbox directory to the other machine and use the instructions above to create a copy of the spec on that machine. The Toolbox can get confused if a spec or its models is modified from from outside the Toolbox. So, here's how to import changes to a spec or its models from another computer onto the computer you're now using.
If you forget to close the spec before externally modifying its files, closing the spec and refreshing it may solve the problem. If it doesn't, see Getting Out of Trouble.


Susan Granger's review of "LIVING OUT LOUD" (New Line Cinema)
Richard LaGravanese is one of the most talented screenwriters around, having won an Oscar-nomination for "The Fisher King" and high praise for his adaptations of "Beloved," "The Bridges of Madison County" and "The Horse Whisperer." Now, he's also a first-time director, fashioning an adult romantic comedy around a wealthy Fifth Avenue divorcee (Holly Hunter) who has been dumped after 16 years by her unfaithful doctor-husband (Martin Donovan) for a younger woman. She's antsy and alone, given to concocting feisty, elaborate fantasies of what the future holds in store. Longing for human contact, she hangs out at Jaspers, an Upper West Side jazz club where she drowns her loneliness in martinis while listening to the soulful Queen Latifah. Inevitably, she ends up in the arms of a stranger, Elias Koteas, who thinks he passionately desires her. But it's a case of mistaken identity. However, his ardor re-awakens her interest in someone other than herself - which then turns to the chubby elevator man (Danny DeVito) in her apartment building. She discovers that he, too, has a life filled with loss and dreams. He's a gambler with debts and a dying daughter, and she unexpectedly finds comfort in his company. Wearing a blonde wig, Holly Hunter once again delivers a touching performance, filled with charming vulnerability, and Danny DeVito has a gentle poignancy. When the movie ends, you don't know what's next for these multi-dimensional characters but you're satisfied that some kind of contentment has come out of their emotional chaos. On the Granger Movie Gauge of 1 to 10, "Living Out Loud" is a bittersweet 6, a sentimental story about lost souls and middle-aged friendship in Manhattan.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block title %}Browse | {{ super() }}{% endblock %} {% block content %}
Cases by Date organized by year and month
Cases by Location organized by the description of the location of the offense


Varka's Messenger Naran Ashanuk:
You've got some nerve, coming around here after helping our enemy! Have you no shame?


{% extends 'base/base.html' %} {% load i18n %} {% block bodyblock %}
Are you sure that you want to delete the imageset {{ imageset }} of the team {{ team }}?


Classes |
| class | Branchers |
| | Class to iterate over branchers of a space. More...
|
| class | Propagators |
| | Class to iterate over propagators of a space. More...
|
Public Member Functions |
| | Space (void) |
| | Default constructor.
|
| virtual | ~Space (void) |
| | Destructor.
|
| | Space (bool share, Space &s) |
| | Constructor for cloning.
|
| virtual Space * | copy (bool share)=0 |
| | Copying member function.
|
| virtual void | constrain (const Space &best) |
| | Constrain function for best solution search.
|
| virtual bool | master (const CRI &cri) |
| | Master configuration function for restart meta search engine.
|
| virtual bool | slave (const CRI &cri) |
| | Slave configuration function for restart meta search engine.
|
| SpaceStatus | status (StatusStatistics &stat=unused_status) |
| | Query space status.
|
| const Choice * | choice (void) |
| | Create new choice for current brancher.
|
| const Choice * | choice (Archive &e) const |
| | Create new choice from e.
|
| Space * | clone (bool share=true, CloneStatistics &stat=unused_clone) const |
| | Clone space.
|
| void | commit (const Choice &c, unsigned int a, CommitStatistics &stat=unused_commit) |
| | Commit choice c for alternative a.
|
| void | trycommit (const Choice &c, unsigned int a, CommitStatistics &stat=unused_commit) |
| | If possible, commit choice c for alternative a.
|
| NGL * | ngl (const Choice &c, unsigned int a) |
| | Create no-good literal for choice c and alternative a.
|
| void | print (const Choice &c, unsigned int a, std::ostream &o) const |
| | Print branch for choice c and alternative a.
|
| void | notice (Actor &a, ActorProperty p, bool duplicate=false) |
| | Notice actor property.
|
| void | ignore (Actor &a, ActorProperty p, bool duplicate=false) |
| | Ignore actor property.
|
| ExecStatus | ES_SUBSUMED (Propagator &p) |
| ExecStatus | ES_SUBSUMED_DISPOSED (Propagator &p, size_t s) |
| | Propagator p is subsumed
|
| ExecStatus | ES_FIX_PARTIAL (Propagator &p, const ModEventDelta &med) |
| | Propagator p has computed partial fixpoint
|
| ExecStatus | ES_NOFIX_PARTIAL (Propagator &p, const ModEventDelta &med) |
| | Propagator p has not computed partial fixpoint
|
| template<class A > |
| ExecStatus | ES_FIX_DISPOSE (Council< A > &c, A &a) |
| | Advisor a must be disposed
|
| template<class A > |
| ExecStatus | ES_NOFIX_DISPOSE (Council< A > &c, A &a) |
| | Advisor a must be disposed and its propagator must be run
|
| template<class A > |
| ExecStatus | ES_NOFIX_DISPOSE_FORCE (Council< A > &c, A &a) |
| | Advisor a must be disposed and its propagator must be forcefully rescheduled
|
| void | fail (void) |
| | Fail space.
|
| bool | failed (void) const |
| | Check whether space is failed.
|
| bool | stable (void) const |
| | Return if space is stable (at fixpoint or failed).
|
| unsigned int | propagators (void) const |
| | Return number of propagators.
|
| unsigned int | branchers (void) const |
| | Return number of branchers.
|
| template<class T > |
| T * | alloc (long unsigned int n) |
| | Allocate block of n objects of type T from space heap.
|
| template<class T > |
| T * | alloc (long int n) |
| | Allocate block of n objects of type T from space heap.
|
| template<class T > |
| T * | alloc (unsigned int n) |
| | Allocate block of n objects of type T from space heap.
|
| template<class T > |
| T * | alloc (int n) |
| | Allocate block of n objects of type T from space heap.
|
| template<class T > |
| void | free (T *b, long unsigned int n) |
| | Delete n objects allocated from space heap starting at b.
|
| template<class T > |
| void | free (T *b, long int n) |
| | Delete n objects allocated from space heap starting at b.
|
| template<class T > |
| void | free (T *b, unsigned int n) |
| | Delete n objects allocated from space heap starting at b.
|
| template<class T > |
| void | free (T *b, int n) |
| | Delete n objects allocated from space heap starting at b.
|
| template<class T > |
| T * | realloc (T *b, long unsigned int n, long unsigned int m) |
| | Reallocate block of n objects starting at b to m objects of type T from the space heap.
|
| template<class T > |
| T * | realloc (T *b, long int n, long int m) |
| | Reallocate block of n objects starting at b to m objects of type T from the space heap.
|
| template<class T > |
| T * | realloc (T *b, unsigned int n, unsigned int m) |
| | Reallocate block of n objects starting at b to m objects of type T from the space heap.
|
| template<class T > |
| T * | realloc (T *b, int n, int m) |
| | Reallocate block of n objects starting at b to m objects of type T from the space heap.
|
| template<class T > |
| T ** | realloc (T **b, long unsigned int n, long unsigned int m) |
| | Reallocate block of n pointers starting at b to m objects of type T* from the space heap.
|
| template<class T > |
| T ** | realloc (T **b, long int n, long int m) |
| | Reallocate block of n pointers starting at b to m objects of type T* from the space heap.
|
| template<class T > |
| T ** | realloc (T **b, unsigned int n, unsigned int m) |
| | Reallocate block of n pointers starting at b to m objects of type T* from the space heap.
|
| template<class T > |
| T ** | realloc (T **b, int n, int m) |
| | Reallocate block of n pointers starting at b to m objects of type T* from the space heap.
|
| void * | ralloc (size_t s) |
| | Allocate memory on space heap.
|
| void | rfree (void *p, size_t s) |
| | Free memory previously allocated with alloc (might be reused later).
|
| void * | rrealloc (void *b, size_t n, size_t m) |
| | Reallocate memory block starting at b from size n to size s.
|
| template<size_t > |
| void * | fl_alloc (void) |
| | Allocate from freelist-managed memory.
|
| template<size_t > |
| void | fl_dispose (FreeList *f, FreeList *l) |
| | Return freelist-managed memory to freelist.
|
| void | flush (void) |
| | Flush cached memory blocks.
|
Static Public Member Functions |
| static void * | operator new (size_t) |
| | Allocate memory from heap for new space.
|
| static void | operator delete (void *) |
| | Free memory allocated from heap.
|
Conversion from Space to Home |
|
| Home | operator() (Propagator &p) |
| | Return a home for this space with the information that p is being rewritten.
|
|
| template<class T > |
| T & | construct (void) |
| | Construction routines.
|
| template<class T , typename A1 > |
| T & | construct (A1 const &a1) |
| | Constructs a single object of type T from space heap using a unary constructor.
|
| template<class T , typename A1 , typename A2 > |
| T & | construct (A1 const &a1, A2 const &a2) |
| | Constructs a single object of type T from space heap using a binary constructor.
|
| template<class T , typename A1 , typename A2 , typename A3 > |
| T & | construct (A1 const &a1, A2 const &a2, A3 const &a3) |
| | Constructs a single object of type T from space heap using a ternary constructor.
|
| template<class T , typename A1 , typename A2 , typename A3 , typename A4 > |
| T & | construct (A1 const &a1, A2 const &a2, A3 const &a3, A4 const &a4) |
| | Constructs a single object of type T from space heap using a quaternary constructor.
|
| template<class T , typename A1 , typename A2 , typename A3 , typename A4 , typename A5 > |
| T & | construct (A1 const &a1, A2 const &a2, A3 const &a3, A4 const &a4, A5 const &a5) |
| | Constructs a single object of type T from space heap using a quinary constructor.
|
Low-level support for AFC |
|
| void | afc_decay (double d) |
| | Set AFC decay factor to d
|
| double | afc_decay (void) const |
| | Return AFC decay factor.
|
| void | afc_set (double a) |
| | Reset AFC to a.
|
Computation spaces.


app: Short for application, a program that runs inside a service. App is acceptable on second reference.
click-through: A way of measuring how many people click a link online to see its destination site.
e-book: Unlike email, there’s a hyphen. An e-book is the electronic, non-paper version of a book or publication, sold digitally and commonly used on an e-book reader or an e-reader.
End user: end-user – End user as a noun, The end user is the consumer; and end-user as an adjective, The end-user experience was good.
IM: Abbreviation for instant message and acceptable on second reference for instant messaging.
iPad: A touch-screen computer that can be connected to the Internet via Wi-Fi or cellular data networks. Use IPad when the word starts a sentence or headline.
retweet: Forwarding a message or link from someone else to your followers on Twitter. Spelled out in all references, but commonly seen on Twitter as RT.
smartphone: One word for an advanced mobile device that can be used to check email, browse the web and download applications.
text messaging:Some of the more popular abbreviations:
BFF: Best friend forever (often used sarcastically)
G2G: Got to go.
IDK: I don’t know.
IMO/IMHO: in my opinion, in my humble opinion.
LOL: Laugh out loud; ROFL – Roll on the floor laughing (one step beyond LOL).
NSFW: Not safe for work
POS: Parents over shoulder
thx: Thanks
unfollow: to remove an account from the lists of accounts that populate a feed, usually on Twitter.
unfriend: to remove someone from a list of friends, usually on Facebook. Defriend is acceptable, but less common to use.
website: One word, as for webcam, webcast and webmaster. In short form and in terms with separate words, the web, web page and web feed.


Library: Foundation
Package: Text
Header: Poco/TextConverter.h
Description
A TextConverter converts strings from one encoding into another.
Member Summary
Member Functions: convert
Types
Transform
typedef int (* Transform)(int);
Transform function for convert.
Constructors
TextConverter
TextConverter(
const TextEncoding & inEncoding,
const TextEncoding & outEncoding,
int defaultChar = '?'
);
Creates the TextConverter. The encoding objects must not be deleted while the TextConverter is in use.
Destructor
~TextConverter
~TextConverter();
Destroys the TextConverter.
Member Functions
convert
int convert(
const std::string & source,
std::string & destination,
Transform trans
);
Converts the source string from inEncoding to outEncoding and appends the result to destination. Every character is passed to the transform function. If a character cannot be represented in outEncoding, defaultChar is used instead. Returns the number of encoding errors (invalid byte sequences in source).
convert
int convert(
const void * source,
int length,
std::string & destination,
Transform trans
);
Converts the source buffer from inEncoding to outEncoding and appends the result to destination. Every character is passed to the transform function. If a character cannot be represented in outEncoding, defaultChar is used instead. Returns the number of encoding errors (invalid byte sequences in source).
convert
int convert(
const std::string & source,
std::string & destination
);
Converts the source string from inEncoding to outEncoding and appends the result to destination. If a character cannot be represented in outEncoding, defaultChar is used instead. Returns the number of encoding errors (invalid byte sequences in source).
convert
int convert(
const void * source,
int length,
std::string & destination
);
Converts the source buffer from inEncoding to outEncoding and appends the result to destination. If a character cannot be represented in outEncoding, defaultChar is used instead. Returns the number of encoding errors (invalid byte sequences in source).


Hegic Liquidity Mining Yield Estimator
rHEGIC Price
$
-
APY
WBTC pool
-
%
ETH pool
-
%
rHEGIC Holdings
In wallet
-
rHEGIC
Claimable in WBTC pool
-
rHEGIC
Claimable in ETH pool
-
rHEGIC
Total
-
rHEGIC
$
-
rHEGIC income
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
Annually
WBTC pool
-
rHEGIC
$
-
ETH pool
-
rHEGIC
$
-
Total
-
rHEGIC
$
-
Enter Ethereum address or ENS domain below, then hit "Submit" to continue.
Invalid address!
Use current market price of rHEGIC (based on
Uniswap rHEGIC-ETH pair
)
Use price of the real HEGIC token (from
CoinGecko
)
Submit
Copy URL


Hello, my name is Handri Hermawan. I am a junior web developer.
Have experience in information systems development for around 2 years.
Born in Indramayu, West Java on June 13, 1995. Then took Informatics Engineering education at the University of Technology Yogyakarta (UTY) in 2013 by taking the concentration of Web Programming ...
After I graduated in 2017 I attended an apprenticeship program at Satu Data Indonesia as a Programming Specialist for about 4 months in Central Jakarta ...
After completing my internship program while not working first a few months to learn about programming and web design. then I worked at Astrindo Senayasa as a Web Developer until now ...
I have some expertise in programming including making information systems and other applications based on the web and desktop. Use some tools for programmig like Visual Studio Code, Sublime, and Other.
SDN Temiyangsari I
Indramayu
SMP Plus
Daarul Sa'adah
SMKN 1 Gantar
Indramayu
Universitas
Teknologi Yogyakarta
2016
Digital Marketing
Create content for selling books online using social media or marketplace and selling directly with buyers and resellers.
2017
Frontend Developer
Develop a Bappeda Kota Yogyakarta website portal to facilitate the administration process in the Yogyakarta City.
2018
Programming Secialist
Developing the Satu Data Indonesia website portal to facilitate the Open Data process throughout Indonesia.
2018
Web Developer
Developing the application of the Human Resource Information System internally Astrindo Senayasa.


Explore Google TV experience through universal controls and gestures using smart phone.
To comply the non-disclosure agreement, have been limited with few designs with appropriate tweaks to include here.
As part of the innovation partnership with Google on Logitech Revue device to create the entire web experience on HDMI ready TVs, the experience to control variety contents on TV through smart phone and also empower with the Universal Harmony One-Touch technology to control the home entertainment systems, e.g. cable box, sound bar, along side with variety of consume apps as well.
Concept Designs, Wireframing, Rapid Prototyping, Interaction Design, Usability and Information Architecture.


Thai police seize 390 pounds of crystal meth from Japan-bound treadmills
by Bradford BetzAnti-narcotics officers in Thailand on Tuesday seized nearly 390 pounds of crystal methamphetamine inside treadmills that had been bound for Japan.
Authorities were tipped off after their counterparts in Australia told them they had busted a similar case with drugs hidden inside exercise equipment from Thailand, Police Maj. Gen. Yingyot Thepchamnong told Reuters.
“So we followed up in the belief there must be other cases,” he said.
Officers at Bangkok’s Suvarnabhumi airport discovered 80 pounds of crystal meth hidden inside the metal frames of the treadmills, Yingyot said.
AMERICAN DRUG SUSPECT, 2 OTHERS NABBED BY THAI AUTHORITIES AFTER ESCAPING COURTROOM: REPORTS
A police raid on the warehouse from which the treadmills were shipped yielded another 310 pounds of meth in the frames of 10 more of the machines, Reuters reported.
One person was arrested, but more are suspected of involvement, Yingyot said.
CLICK HERE TO GET THE FOX NEWS APP
Statistics cited by Reuters show that drug seizures in Thailand – located along a major drug trafficking route – have increased tenfold in the past two years.
An investigation is ongoing.


CO2 corrosion is a significant problem for coated pipelines in the transport of petroleum, gas and water. The corrosion occurs often under a precipitate of either ferrous carbonate (FeCO3) or ferrous hydroxide (Fe(OH)2) or both. Although neither precipitate provides a good barrier to the transport of oxygen (O2), carbon dioxide (CO2) and ions since they are loose and porous, the precipitate(s) may affect corrosion by determination of the pH at the steel surface. The goal of this work is to explore conditions for the formation of the precipitates.
For steel corrosion under a disbonded coating, there is a critical pressure ratio of O2 to CO2 that separates the two precipitates. When O2 diffusion across the disbonded coating controls the corrosion rate, the ratio is 9/20, above which the precipitate is Fe(OH)2. The precipitate is FeCO3 otherwise. The corresponding ratio is 14 if O2 diffusion across the solution boundary layer under the disbonded coating controls the corrosion rate, when the coating may be deteriorated or itself permeable.
For steel corrosion not limited by O2 transport, charge transfer of hydrogen ion (H+) reduction due to dissolved CO2 in solution may control the corrosion rate. Thermodynamic calculations are permitted to determine the solution chemistry and conditions for precipitation. It was found that regardless of initial amount of CO2 in the solution, the solution pH increases with the extent of corrosion due to H+ reduction. The formation of iron complexes in the system has insignificant effect on the solution chemistry.
With zero CO2, the precipitate is only Fe(OH)2 and the saturated pH is about 9.05 with consideration of all complexes. With certain initial amount of CO2, the first precipitate is FeCO3 and the pH at the precipitation, which varies with the initial CO2 pressure, is 5.7 for a CO2 partial pressure of 0.23 atm. With continuation of the corrosion, FeCO3 and Fe(OH)2 co-precipitate and the pH is fixed at 8.8, regardless of further corrosion.
The thermodynamic calculations also show that the time for a precipitate to saturate a boundary layer of 0.5 mm in thickness is short. For a system with a partial pressure of CO2 below 0.23 atm, this time is not greater than 1.5 hours for a corrosion rate of 0.01 mm/y. This result suggests that pipeline corrosion under a disbanded coating indeed normally occurs under a precipitate.
Keywords: corrosion, steel, coating, CO2, O2, precipitation, FeCO3.
CO2 and O2 are two crucial species that cause corrosion of coated pipelines since they can diffuse through a disbonded coating. Two precipitates, FeCO3 and Fe(OH)2, are possible during the corrosion. Another precipitate, ferric hydroxide, is insignificant to pipeline corrosion as it is often present as a suspension in solution and does not affect the corrosion rate considerably.[1]
The precipitate(s) of either FeCO3 or Fe(OH)2 or both may have a significant impact on the pipe corrosion rate because it may determine the pH at the metal steel surface. The conditions for formation of a precipitate have been investigated in this work. The results provided useful information for a recent comprehensive CO2 corrosion model which was developed to include transport, chemical reactions, ionic interactions, precipitation and electrochemical reactions altogether.[2-4]
In this work, two cases are studied for the determination of the type of precipitate(s) under a disbonded coating: (1) corrosion control by O2 diffusion, and (2) corrosion control by charge transfer of H+ reduction. Both cases are described as below, starting with corrosion control by O2 diffusion.
The rate of pipe corrosion under a disbonded coating is often controlled by O2 diffusion through the disbonded coating (Figure 1). Proportional to corrosion rate, the flux of O2 diffusion obeys Fick’s first law:[5]
(1)
where JO2, PcO2, pO2, ΔpO2 and pO2o are, respectively, diffusion flux, permeability of the coating, partial pressure within the coating, pressure drop across the coating and partial pressure in soil, all for O2. y and dc are respectively distance from the pipe side of and thickness of the coating.
The O2 diffusion flux can be converted to an actual corrosion rate through the relation: r=1.173 nO2 FJO2, where r, nO2 and F are corrosion rate, number of electrons transferred for O2 reduction and Faraday constant, respectively. 1.173 is a conversion coefficient for iron corrosion from current density unit, A/m2, to corrosion rate unit, mm/y.
When O2 diffusion across a solution boundary layer under the disbonded coating controls the corrosion rate (Figure 1), the diffusion flux can be calculated from:
(2)
where ΔpO2, DO2 and HO2 are respectively pressure drop across the boundary layer, diffusion coefficient within the boundary layer and Henry’s law constant in solution, all for O2. δs is thickness of the boundary layer.
Equations (1-2) can be applied to CO2 directly. Then, the subscript “O2” for O2 must be substituted by “CO2”.
When diffusion of either O2 or CO2 is across a disbonded coating and at the same time across the solution boundary layer under the coating, the overall diffusion flux of either gas Jg can be calculated from: . Jg-coating is the diffusion flux of either gas across the disbonded coating and Jg-H2O is the diffusion flux across the solution boundary layer. Jg-coating and Jg-H2O can be calculated respectively from Equations (1) and (2). This overall diffusion will not be considered in this work.
When O2 and CO2 both diffuse across a disbonded coating or a boundary layer, the type of precipitate on the pipe surface can be determined from comparison of the diffusion fluxes of O2 and CO2 through either the disbonded coating or the boundary layer. The comparison of diffusion fluxes uses the following stoichiometric reactions occurring in solution:
(3)
Equation (3) represents a combination of the overall processes of CO2 dissolution including the two-step carbonic acid dissociation and the overall corrosion reactions including O2 reduction and iron oxidation. Reductions of H+ and carbonic acid are neglected due to their less significant role than O2 in the corrosion process. Equation (3) indicates that at steady-state, if O2 diffusion controls the corrosion rate and if the diffusion rate is greater than half the CO2 diffusion rate, or JO2/JCO2>0.5, the steel surface is in direct contact with the precipitate of Fe(OH)2. This is because carbonate ions formed from dissolved CO2 cannot combine all ferrous ions (Fe2+) to form FeCO3 and the excessive Fe2+ are present as Fe(OH)2 on the steel surface. The steel surface is in direct contact with FeCO3 if the O2 diffusion rate is less than half the CO2 diffusion rate or JO2/JCO2<0.5, when there are excessive carbonate ions.
The diffusion rate ratio of O2 to CO2, JO2/JCO2=0.5, can be converted, by use of Henry’s law, to a pressure drop ratio through a coating or through a solution boundary layer.
(1) If the diffusion of O2 and CO2 is across a new high density polyethylene (HDPE) coating, the pressure drop ratio of O2 to CO2 is, based on =0.5 (Equation (1)), =9/20. The parameters useful for the above calculation are given in Table 1. This pressure drop ratio indicates that the precipitate is Fe(OH)2 if O2 pressure in soil is greater than 9/20 times of CO2 pressure or pO2/pCO2>9/20, when O2 and CO2 are assumed greatly consumed under the disbonded coating to have nearly a zero pressure. The precipitate is FeCO3 otherwise.
TABLE 1 Transport Parameters of O2 and CO2 at 25 °C
|
|
Pc ×1011 (in HDPE) |
H (in H2O) |
D ×109 (in H2O) |
|
O2 |
1.36 |
0.8074 |
1.96 |
|
reference |
5 |
6 |
7 |
|
CO2 |
1.22 |
0.02952 |
1.96 |
|
reference: |
5 |
6 |
7 |
The unit of Pc: mol/m/s/atm, H: atm×m3/mol and D: m2/s.
Since O2 pressure in soil is up to 0.21 atm, the precipitate must be FeCO3 if CO2 pressure is higher than 0.467 atm. These corresponding pressures of O2 and CO2 are given in Table 2, together with another O2 pressure of 0.45 atm and its corresponding CO2 pressure of 1 atm.
TABLE 2 Corresponding O2 and CO2 Pressures at Transition between Precipitates
|
|
Across HDPE Coating |
Across HDPE Coating |
Across H2O Layer |
|
O2 (atm) |
0.21 |
0.45 |
0.21 |
|
CO2 (atm) |
0.467 |
1 |
0.015 |
(2) If the diffusion is across a solution boundary layer, based on =0.5 (Equation (2)), the pressure drop ratio of O2 to CO2 becomes =14, where DCO2 and HCO2 are CO2 diffusion coefficient and Henry’s law constant in the solution (Table 1). The pressure drop ratio indicates that at steady-state, if O2 pressure in soil is greater than 14 times of CO2 pressure, the precipitate is Fe(OH)2. The precipitate is FeCO3 otherwise.
If O2 pressure is 0.21 atm, the CO2 pressure is 0.015 atm (Table 2), based on pO2/pCO2=14. Since this CO2 pressure is smaller than its partial pressure in atmosphere (0.03 atm), the precipitate for atmospheric corrosion of steel should be FeCO3 if Fe2+ oxidation is not accounted for. The product is however normally ferric hydroxide or ferric carbonate because Fe2+ oxidation does occur and the ferric precipitates have very low solubilities.[1]
(3) The above results indicate that the pressure drop ratio of O2 to CO2 across a boundary layer is much greater than that across an HDPE coating. The reason is that CO2 has an equivalent diffusion coefficient but a much greater solubility than O2 in solution, but the permeabilities of both species in HDPE coating are equivalent. These substantially different ratios of pressure drop indicate that a much smaller CO2 pressure than O2 is sufficient for precipitation of FeCO3 in a solution layer. However, this rule can be inaccurate if considering CO2 hydration which is a slower step in CO2 corrosion. In any event, this rule may become a useful guide when only transport parameters are available. The combination of diffusion of O2 and CO2 together with CO2 hydration and corrosion was modeled elsewhere.[3]
When charge transfer of H+ reduction controls the corrosion rate, the transport of each species in the solution boundary layer under a disbonded coating is fast and each concentration is uniform. Then, thermodynamic calculations are permitted for investigation of steel corrosion in the solution layer.
Analytical thermodynamic calculations have been extensively used to describe the equilibrium conditions for metal corrosion,[8] where the relative abundance of the species is normally described for a single reaction. Numerical methods have greatly expanded the use of thermodynamics since they make it possible to minimize the total free energy of all species in a system, important for determination of the equilibrium properties of a multiphase, multicomponent system. The “VCS” software (version 2.0),[9] an algorithm developed using the free-energy minimization method, has been used in this work to calculate the thermodynamic chemistry in an iron-corroding solution with and without dissolved CO2. The effects of iron complex ions on the solution chemistry have also been investigated.
The calculation for iron corrosion is performed for a total pressure of 1 atm and a temperature of 25°C and for the two cases: (1) corrosion in deionized water and (2) corrosion in a solution with only dissolved CO2.
For steel corrosion in deionized water, the corrosion system is schematically shown in Figure 2. For the corrosion starting with a fresh specimen, the variation of species concentration vs. extent of corrosion or pH is shown in Figures 3-4. Reading from left to right, the initial solution pH is 7. As iron corrodes, the corrosion product, Fe2+, dissolves into solution and at the same time, H+ is reduced to hydrogen at the steel surface. The concentrations of iron ions and pH increase with the extent of corrosion. The solution finally becomes saturated at a pH of 9.05 and a total of all iron species concentrations is 7.66 × 10-6 mol/l. The solution pH and the concentration of each species thereafter remain fixed even the corrosion continues. This can be explained from the phase rule of Gibbs, f=c-p+n where f, c, p and n are respectively the system degree of freedom, number of independent species, number of phases and number of environmental factors (temperature and pressure). In the thermodynamic system, the degree of freedom is zero because in this binary system (H2O and iron) or c=2, there are two phases (liquid phase and solid-Fe(OH)2) or p=2 as Fe(OH)2 precipitates. n=0 at given system temperature and pressure. Figures 3-4 also show that in this corrosion process, the concentration of each iron complex is much smaller than that of the free Fe2+.
The time required for Fe(OH)2 to saturate a 0.5 mm thick water layer was calculated, which provides information on whether iron corrosion normally occurs under a precipitate. To saturate the boundary layer with Fe(OH)2, it requires the dissolution of 2.751×10-8 mm thickness of iron. This takes 1.4 minutes at a corrosion rate of 0.01 mm/y.[10] This suggests that corrosion of steel may normally occur under Fe(OH)2 precipitate because the water layer can be quickly saturated after an iron surface is exposed to the solution layer.
For steel corrosion under a solution boundary layer containing dissolved CO2 (Figure 5), the variation of the concentration of each species with pH is calculated and shown in Figure 6. The solution is initially saturated with CO2 of 0.23 atm and the solution pH is 4.22. With increasing extent of corrosion or as the abscissa shifts from left to right, the Fe2+ concentration and pH increase. Fe2+ concentration increases because Fe2+ is soluble; pH increases because H+ is reduced to hydrogen. At a certain corrosion extent, the Fe2+ concentration reaches a maximum of 6.8 ×10-4 mol/l and the pH then is 5.7. At the maximum concentration of Fe2+, FeCO3 begins to precipitate. As corrosion continues, Fe2+ concentration decreases while pH continues to increase. This increase of pH results from continuous H+ reduction. Fe2+ concentration decreases for the following reasons. Fe2+ forms from iron oxidation, and by charge, the formation of one Fe2+ requires reduction of two H+. Since H+ is formed from dissociation of both carbonic acid and bicarbonate ion, the reduction of two H+ results in formation of more than one carbonate ion. Therefore, there is a deficit for Fe2+ as they combine with carbonate ions to form FeCO3 to precipitate. To compensate, Fe2+ in the solution must be partially consumed and the concentration of Fe2+ must decrease. When the corrosion further continues, FeCO3 and Fe(OH)2 begin to co-precipitate and the pH is fixed at 8.8 and Fe2+ concentration at 2.04 ×10-4 mol/l. Regardless of continuation of the corrosion, the concentration of each species is fixed in the system because in the phase rule of Gibbs, f=c-p+n=0. In this system, there are three independent components (iron, CO2 and water) or c=3, three phases (liquid phase and two solid phases, FeCO3 and Fe(OH)2) or p=3, and the system temperature and pressure are given or n=0.
In the corrosion process, iron complexes are insignificant because each of their concentrations is much smaller than that of free Fe2+ (Figure 7). Compared to corrosion in de-ionized water, the free Fe2+ concentration is greater in the presence of dissolved CO2 and the principal anion is bicarbonate ion.
The time required for FeCO3 to saturate a 0.5 mm thick solution layer is about 88.8 minutes at a corrosion rate of 0.01 mm/y.[10] This limited time indicates that pipe corrosion should usually occur under FeCO3 precipitate or under the co-precipitate of FeCO3 and Fe(OH)2.
The calculated results have shown that free Fe2+ concentration in the FeCO3 saturated solution is much greater than any iron complex ion. Hence, in the calculation of equilibrium concentrations, the multiphase, multicomponent system may be simplified by neglecting the complex ions.
For pipeline corrosion, with its rate controlled by O2 diffusion across a disbonded HDPE coating, the precipitate is Fe(OH)2 if O2 pressure is greater than 9/20 times of CO2. The precipitate is FeCO3 otherwise. If the corrosion rate is controlled by O2 diffusion across a solution layer, the precipitate is Fe(OH)2 if O2 pressure is greater than 14 times of CO2. The precipitate is FeCO3 otherwise. This estimation for the type of precipitate may not be accurate with consideration of CO2 hydration (slow) but would be useful when the hydration information is not available.
The solution pH increases with increasing extent of corrosion. During corrosion, the concentration of each iron complex is significantly smaller than free Fe2+. The role of complex species in iron corrosion is insignificant and may be neglected.
The time is short, less than 1.5 hours, for a 0.5 mm thick water layer on the iron surface to be saturated with a precipitate, Fe(OH)2 or FeCO3. Pipeline corrosion may often occur under a precipitate.
1. F.M. Song, D.W. Kirk, J.W. Graydon, D.E. Cormack, Corrosion 58 (2) (2002) 145-155.
2. F.M. Song, D.W. Kirk, J.W. Graydon, D.E. Cormack, “Prediction for CO2 Corrosion of Active Steel under FeCO3 Precipitate”, Corrosion/04, Paper #04382 (New Orleans, LA: NACE, 2004).
3. F.M. Song, D.W. Kirk, J.W. Graydon, D.E. Cormack, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 149(11) (2002) B479-B486.
4. F.M. Song, “Corrosion of Coated Pipelines with Cathodic Protection”, Ph.D. Dissertation (2002), University of Toronto, pp. 114-129.
5. J. Brandrup, E.H. Immergut, Polymer Handbook, 3rd (ed) (John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 1989) VI/435-444.
6. M.D. Koretsky, F. Abooameri, J.C. Westall, Corrosion 55(1) (1999): 52-64.
7. P. Lorbeer, W.J. Lorenz, Electrochimica Acta 25 (1980): 375-381.
8. G.M. Murray, G.K. Schweitzer, F.K. Heacker, Corrosion 46 (2) (1990) 95-99.
9. J. Smith, T. Riley, VCS Software (1991), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
10. D. Behrens, DECHEMA Corrosion Handbook: Corrosive Agents and Their Interaction with Materials, vol. 2 (Weinheim, Federal Republic of Germany: Frankfurt am Main: DECHEMA, 1988) 269.


Manufacturing name is required.
Manufacturing input is required.
Manufacturing output is required.
Manufacturing savedAt is required.
Manufacturing releasedAt is required.
state is required.


EL MARIACHI A film review by Keith Meng-Wei Loh Copyright 1993 Keith Meng-Wei Loh
EL MARIACHI -- LOW BUDGET ACTION, 'BIG BUDGET' EFFECT? --
For those of us who have been raised on a steady diet of Hollywood films and culture, the pre)eminence of the budget and of dollar signs have come to represent a benchmark--a signpost--that, in the hype media, at least, indicates the value of a film.
Those absorbed in the Hollywood culture have come to follow films as an industry and, consequently, have come to regard the budget as a star on the marquee, and at times on an equal footing as the true stars themselves. So, then, the budget of LAST ACTION HERO, which can only be guessed as more than the health expenditures of many developing countries, should have equal billing as the formidable name of Arnold Schwarzenegger and John McTiernan.
If so, the marquee for EL MARIACHI would be ridiculously out of touch. It would read: EL MARIACHI / written and directed by Robert Rodriguez / budget: US $7,000.
$7,000 is surely a fraction of the cost of a Hollywood marketing campaign in mid-sized city. For a Hollywood seven grand you may be able to rent cameras for an hour but you would not be able to pay for their insurance. Seven grand worth of film can be shot and dumped in a few minutes. You could not afford Arnold Schwarzenegger for any length of time.
Likely, you also would not have John McTiernan or even John Woo helming your production, but you would have twenty-four-year old Robert Rodriguez. And if you are Rodriguez, you can hire yourself for nothing and work between university semesters, beg for cameras, probably collect a cast of actors willing to work for nothing or a percentage, and *then* somehow find studio time for editing. Your $7,000 would go a far longer way in Mexico than in Hollywood, but not a lot more.
EL MARIACHI is not a great film, but it is a decent action/comedy in the mold of many Hollywood styled guns and laughs films that have come to pervade the film industries of many other countries. The bustling Hong Kong and Indian film industries each boast output far in excess of the U.S. industry and with budgets likely a third of the average U.S. film budget for their most expensive action blockbusters. Many, like EL MARIACHI will have come through on shoestring budgets with very decent, even big budget effects.
It took nearly a decade for the fame of John Woo to come through to the U.S., a director of action films with a distinctive American flavour but who out-does most Americans in dazzle and stunts. On the American doorstep, does the Mexican industry offer a similar boomerang effect? EL MARIACHI is not HARDBOILED by any means, but it is a good example of how, in many places, a low budget means very little if off-set by energy and vision. Gussied up and given a recognizably Hollywood cast, EL MARIACHI becomes a Van Damme movie or even RESERVOIR DOGS, another example of how a small budget (though not $7,000!) can mean very little within the U.S.
The vision in EL MARIACHI is a familiar one with a twist just as its character is American put on a Mexican twist. It's a case of mistaken identity: a mariachi player arrives in a town looking for work at the same time as a vengeful hitman returns looking for the yanqui crime boss who put him in jail. Both wear black and carry guitar cases. But in the hitman's case is an arsenal; the mariachi has his guitar.
You can figure out the rest but it must be said that EL MARIACHI is witty and well plotted. The action is not complex, but comparable with many American films. There is an obligatory body count but in its heart EL MARIACHI is a comedy that is well worth the time.
EL MARIACHI's billing as an "homage to the spaghetti western" is an irony that can't be missed. "Spaghetti westerns" were, in the 60s and 70s, examples of Italian directors like Sergio Leone outworking an American mythos better than Americans when the dominant American cinemacultural product was the western. In the 80s, the dominant American product has had to be the action-adventure (sourced, of course, from the westerns).
At the height of the action)adventure dubbed copies of RAMBO: FIRST BLOOD PART III played to packed houses in Beirut. While no film would likely bill themselves as homages "to the 80s Rambo pictures," it seems clear that the boomerang for this American product is coming back with a vengeance. Later this year, John Woo will be releasing HARD TARGET starring Jean Claude Van Damme. Is this any different than Sergio Leone bringing back Clint Eastwood in the "Man With No Name" pictures?
None of this is to say that what are coming back are photocopies. To do that would be to enter into the dangerous America vs. Asia stereotypical battles which have come to litter the political arena. Here we are speaking of culture and cultural spin. The films that come back may have been sourced in American "flavour" but they return with decidedly different and original spins.
While in EL MARIACHI we have a scene with the Mariachi in black clothes walking down the street with a MAC-10 slung over his shoulder in a seeming carbon of the TERMINATOR, Arnold was never carrying a guitar case in the other hand, nor did he ever sing love songs while under threat of castration. The enemies in EL MARIACHI are the gringos, not the dark skinned enemies of Rambo and the code of conduct is decidedly latin.
Finally, the most important spin that has come back with this boomerang is a perspective on the cost of films. Returning to what I was said at the beginning, if we are to regard film budgets as an expression of their value, then to see quality films returning with budgets a fraction of the cost of their American cousins is to realize that American costs and benefits have polarized. The budget has taken on an immense portion of the marquee in the U.S., where elsewhere the cost is still a means, not a justification.
- 30 -
.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


{% extends "registration/auth_base.html" %} {% block auth_content %}
Continue to CODERUNNER
Forgot username/password? Reset
Not have an account yet? REGISTER


- listClients() - Method in class com.rivescript.ClientManager
-
Get a list of the clients managed.
- listConditions() - Method in class com.rivescript.Trigger
-
List conditions under this trigger.
- listPrevious() - Method in class com.rivescript.Topic
-
Get a list of all the %Previous keys.
- listPrevious(String) - Method in class com.rivescript.Topic
-
Retrieve a string array of the +Triggers that are associated with a %Previous.
- listPreviousTriggers(String) - Method in class com.rivescript.Topic
-
List the triggers associated with a %Previous.
- listRedirects() - Method in class com.rivescript.Trigger
-
List redirections under this trigger.
- listReplies() - Method in class com.rivescript.Trigger
-
List replies under this trigger.
- listTopics() - Method in class com.rivescript.TopicManager
-
Retrieve a list of the existing topics.
- listTriggers() - Method in class com.rivescript.Topic
-
Fetch a sorted list of all triggers.
- listTriggers(boolean) - Method in class com.rivescript.Topic
-
Fetch a list of all triggers.
- loadDirectory(String, String[]) - Method in class com.rivescript.RiveScript
-
Load a directory full of RiveScript documents, specifying a custom
list of valid file extensions.
- loadDirectory(String) - Method in class com.rivescript.RiveScript
-
Load a directory full of RiveScript documents (.rive files).
- loadFile(String) - Method in class com.rivescript.RiveScript
-
Load a single RiveScript document.
- set(String, String) - Method in class com.rivescript.Client
-
Set a variable for the client.
- setData(HashMap<String, String>) - Method in class com.rivescript.Client
-
Replace the internal hashmap with this new data (dangerous!).
- setDebug(boolean) - Static method in class com.rivescript.Topic
-
Turn on or off debug mode statically.
- setGlobal(String, String) - Method in class com.rivescript.RiveScript
-
Set a global variable for the interpreter (equivalent to ! global).
- setHandler(String, ObjectHandler) - Method in class com.rivescript.RiveScript
-
Add a handler for a programming language to be used with RiveScript object calls.
- setPersonSubstitution(String, String) - Method in class com.rivescript.RiveScript
-
Set a person substitution pattern (equivalent to ! person).
- setSubstitution(String, String) - Method in class com.rivescript.RiveScript
-
Set a substitution pattern (equivalent to ! sub).
- setUservar(String, String, String) - Method in class com.rivescript.RiveScript
-
Set a variable for one of the bot's users.
- setUservars(String, HashMap<String, String>) - Method in class com.rivescript.RiveScript
-
Set -all- user vars for a user.
- setVariable(String, String) - Method in class com.rivescript.RiveScript
-
Set a bot variable for the interpreter (equivalent to ! var).
- sortByLength(String[]) - Static method in class com.rivescript.Util
-
Sort strings in a list by length from longest to shortest.
- sortKeysDesc(HashMap<Integer, Vector<String>>) - Static method in class com.rivescript.Util
-
Sort the integer keys in a HashMap from highest to lowest.
- sortPrevious() - Method in class com.rivescript.Topic
-
Sort the %Previous buffer.
- sortReplies() - Method in class com.rivescript.RiveScript
-
After loading replies into memory, call this method to (re)initialize
internal sort buffers.
- sortReplies() - Method in class com.rivescript.TopicManager
-
Sort the replies in all the topics.
- sortTriggers(String[]) - Method in class com.rivescript.Topic
-
(Re)create the internal sort cache for this topic's triggers.
- SSh2s(HashMap<String, String>) - Static method in class com.rivescript.Util
-
Take the keys in a hash and return them as a string array.
- stream(String) - Method in class com.rivescript.RiveScript
-
Stream some RiveScript code directly into the interpreter (as a single string
containing newlines in it).
- stream(String[]) - Method in class com.rivescript.RiveScript
-
Stream some RiveScript code directly into the interpreter (as a string array,
one line per item).
- StringCompare - Class in com.rivescript
-
A comparator class to sort strings by length, longest to shortest.
- StringCompare() - Constructor for class com.rivescript.StringCompare
-
- substitute(String[], HashMap<String, String>, String) - Static method in class com.rivescript.Util
-
Run substitutions on a string.
- Sv2s(Vector<String>) - Static method in class com.rivescript.Util
-
Convert a vector to a string array.


My Study Notes from the April 2013 Coursera offering on "A Beginner's Guide to Irrationality"
The TOC contents are generated automatically.


ALIEN: RESURRECTION (1997)
Starring: Sigourney Weaver (Lt. Ellen Ripley [Clone]), Winona Ryder (Annalee Call)
Directed by: Jean-Pierre Jeunet, Written by: Joss Whedon
Rated R by the MPAA for blood and violence, strong language, and some minor nudity.
Reviewed by Doug Skiles
My ratings scale needs work.
I gave an A+ to THE LOST WORLD this year and one to FACE/OFF too. Okay, that's nice. Those movie met my expectations. I expected a sequel that was more based on action scenes than the original was with THE LOST WORLD and I expected FACE/OFF to be, well, a John Woo action film.
Now, what do I do when a movie *exceeds* my expectations?
I guess I should consider that I can't give an A+ to every movie that meets my expectations.
Still, the point is, if I expect good things out a movie, and get them all, I can't immediately slap it with an A+. It should get more like an A. A+'s should be reserved for movies that exceed my expectations. Maybe. Or maybe I'll just be lazy and stick with the old way. Well anyway...
Why am I talking about this? Well, because I'm not sure what grade to give to ALIEN RESURRECTION.
This is a movie that is a sequel to a classic series. The original ALIEN (1979) is a classic. ALIENS (1986), the second film, is a classic as well. In fact, it's probably the greatest and most intense action film ever made. ALIEN 3 (1992) had its problems and didn't quite measure up to the first two films, but it definitely had its positive points as well, not the least of which were great acting, lavishly dismal sets, and good direction from David Fincher (who has since worked on SEVEN [1995] and THE GAME [1997]).
So can a *fourth* film measure up to the tradition? Can it possibly be better than the admittedly somewhat disappointing third installment? After reading the first draft of the script, and seeing just a few short scenes from the film, I was filled with hope. It looked like this movie could blow people away. The legacy could live on.
I tried not to get my hopes up too high, and yet somehow I knew that I would be blown away.
Sure enough, when November 26 came around, I was sure as hell blown away, and even in some ways I didn't expect.
ALIEN RESURRECTION takes place 200 years after ALIEN 3. Ripley has been long dead, but it seems that way back before her demise, during the medical examinations Ripley in ALIEN 3, the medical officer Clemens (or possibly someone else?) took some blood samples from Ripley. Well, that was when Ripley was inpregnated with an alien queen, and, as you may recall learning from ALIEN 3, aliens can take on some physical attributes of their hosts by intertwining with the host's DNA. And the United Systems Military (or a somewhat renegade branch thereof) realizes that, by cloning themselves a new Ripley from these blood samples, they'll be getting a Ripley that has a nice fresh alien queen inside of her, due to the DNA in the blood samples being a mix of Ripley and alien. However, due to the slighty difficulties of the cloning process, Ripley as become somewhat of a hybrid creature - a human with some alien attributes. For some examples: Ripley is now stronger than before, and her blood has acidic properties. By the way, since the aliens have a hive mind and therefore have a collective memory, mixing those alien memory cells with Ripley's own cells has given this new Ripley clone some (rather sketchy) memories of her past.
Now the military scientists of the U.S.S. AURIGA have gotten a hold of their very own alien queen, and they're keeping their new Ripley clone alive as sort of a curiosity to study - their intrigued by her genetic mix and the fact that she ("IT" corrects Dr. Wren) actually has memories.
The crew of THE BETTY pays a visit to the AURIGA to deliver some unorthodox cargo - sleeping people in cryotubes. These smugglers, of which there are six (Elgyn, the cool-headed, smooth-talking leader; Hillard, pilot of THE BETTY and Elgyn's lover; Vriess, a mechanic who is paralyzed from the waist down [and seems to have a thing for the attractive young Call]; Call [played by Winona Ryder], apparently another mechanic, who Elgyn refers to as a "little girl playin' pirates"; Christie, a calm, cool, and collected man of action; and Johner, the group's loose canon, a hard drinker with an attitude problem) will do pretty much anything for money, and they don't know why they're getting these dozing innocents for the ship's science division, but there's good pay in it, so they're up for it. The reason that the scientists want these unsuspecting nappers is that they intend to use their bodies as hosts for a new army of aliens which they then plan to "tame" - an idea that is obviously a bad one.
Director Jean-Pierre Jeunet has infused this film with his own style, as have the previous ALIEN film directors (Ridley Scott on ALIEN, James Cameron on ALIENS, and David Fincher on ALIEN 3), and, as always in this series, the director's unique style is an impressive and highly effective one in its own way.
The acting, another thing with consistent quality in this series, is great. Sigourney Weaver reprises her OSCAR nominated roll (for ALIENS) as Ripley with a whole new angle that is creepily effective and gradually evolves throughout the pictures in a way that works quite well. She is, rightfully, the highlight. Winona Ryder plays the humane and moral Call with all the right touches. Ron Perlman is funny and cool as can be in the role of Johner. I could keep going down the entire list, but suffice to say that all of the players are fantastic.
Sets and gorgeous and eye-popping. Same for the effects, both animatronic and CGI.
The entire movie is excellently written. Dialouge is absolutely wonderfully scripted. The dramatic scenes *do* make you care about the characters and keep you interested, and when the action sequences are going on, you're glued to the screen. Joss Whedon (creator of the "Buffy The Vampire Slayer" TV show as well as a writer for a number of movies including TOY STORY) deserves credit for a great script and great revisions to boot.
Incidentally, if you're wondering, complaints about the last third of the film being poor in comparison to the rest of it are quite unfounded in my opinion; the entire portion of the movie is of just as high quality as the rest of the film.
I could go on and on, but it's best to just say that this is a wonderful film. If you love action, sci-fi, or just the ALIEN series, go see it and enjoy. Even if you disagree that it's good as I say, it's hard to say (with a straight face anyway) that it's not at least enjoyable and entertaining.
To 20th Century Fox, I say, please, make an ALIEN 5! Yes, I'm going to encourage the production of a sequel. There's certainly a lot of possibilites that could be explored with these creatures, and I think that we can at least try to end the series on a number less awkward than "4". Maybe this could become a series like STAR TREK or JAMES BOND - one that could go on for many years, perhaps with a new character taking over in Ripley's stead when Sigourney is ready to retire (preferrably a character that could introduced in an episode before Sigourney steps down). Still, an ALIEN film without Ripley would be difficult to imagine and would take a lot of work, Sigourney and the amount of work and skill she brings to each story is a staple in an important staple in these series... for now, let's just keep her around and give her new, interesting things to do. And make sure not to let the quality on the series slip - don't any entries turn out like rushed crap like BATMAN & ROBIN. Yes, this is a challenge - keeping it fresh, keeping it fun, keeping it high quality, and still keeping it going - but I don't think it's necessarily impossible. If it could be done, it could be a first. If it couldn't be, I still think a fifth and maybe a sixth film at least could provide nice closure on an excellent series, and could be done in new and interesting ways, and also, by being the final installment(s), could stop the story from getting stale in the end by dragging on too long.
Alright, enough with my "final thoughts", time for that difficult-to-decide-on rating.
RATING A+ (with extra credit? I really need to work on my grading scale... ) or ****+ (four [possibly more? five?] stars... and again, I need to work on this blasted scale)
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Madam C.J. Walker, Entrepreneur & Philanthropist
Early Life
Sarah Breedlove - who later takes the name and creates a business empire called Madam C. J. Walker – is born on December 23, 1867 near Delta, Louisiana. She is born on a cotton plantation where her parents, Owen and Minerva Anderson Breedlove, had been enslaved before the end of the Civil War. Breedlove is the youngest of five children and the only one born after the Emancipation Proclamation - therefore, she is born free. In 1873, Breedlove's mother dies and in 1875, her father dies. Breedlove moves to Vicksburg, MS to be with her sister, Louvenia.
Marriage, Motherhood and Early Origins of Business
In 1881, at age 14, Breedlove marries Moses McWilliams to escape abuse from her brother-in-law.
Her only daughter, Lelia (later known as A’Lelia Walker) is born on June 6, 1885. Breedlove is 17.
At 20, in 1887, Breedlove's husband Moses dies. Breedlove moves to St. Louis to join her four brothers, Alexander, James, Solomon, and Owen Jr., who are working as barbers.
In 1894, Breedlove marries John Davis. In her 20s, she suffers from a scalp ailment that causes her to lose most of her hair. She consults with her brothers for advice and experiments with home-made and store brought products.
She starts using hair products from Annie Malone, and becomes a sales agent for Malone's Poro Co.
Becomes Madam C.J. Walker
In 1905 Breedlove's brothers die, and she separates from 2nd husband John Davis.
In July of that same year, at age 38, she moves to Denver, CO as a sales agent for Malone.
She marries her 3rd husband, Charles Joseph Walker, and changes her name to Madam C.J. Walker.
She begins selling Madam Walker's Wonderul Hair Grower, a scalp conditioning and healing formula, which she says came to her in a dream.
Madam Walker’s five original products were Madam Walker’s Wonderful Hair Grower, Temple Salve, Tetter Salve, Vegetable Shampoo and Glossine.
Starting in September 1906, Breedloves travels for a year and a half through the South and Southeast, selling her products door to door, doing demonstrations in churches and lodges, and devising her sales and marketing strategies.
In 1908 at age 41, she moves to Pittsburgh, PA where she opens Lelia College, to train Walker "hair culturists."
In 1912 she divorces Charles Joseph Walker.
Later Life
In 1910 at age 43, Breedlove settles in Indianapolis, Indiana, where she builds a factory, a hair and manicure salon and another training school. Less than a year later, she makes headlines in the black press for $1,000 contribution to the building fund of the "colored" Indianapolis Senate Avenue YMCA. In 1913, she travels to Central America and Caribbean to expand her business. In that same year, her daughter A'Lelia moves into a Harlem townhouse and the Walker Salon, designed by the black architect Vertner Tandy.
In 1916, at 49, Breedlove moves to New York city, leaving daily operations of the Madam C.J. Walker Manufacturing Company in Indianapolis to FB Ransom, her lawyer, and Alice Kelly, her factory forelady and a former school teacher. Breedloves continues to oversee the business and works in the NYC office. She becomes involved in Harlem's political and social life, including making a $5,000 contribution (equivalent today $72,700) to the NAACP's anti-lynching movement. At the time, this is the largest individual gift the NAACP has ever recieved.
Death and Legacy
On May 26, 1919 Breedlove dies of kidney failure and other complications from hypertension at Villa Lewaro, her Irvington-on-Hudson, NY estate. She is 51. She is buried at Woodlawn Cemetary in the Bronx. At the time of her death, her estate's estimated value is $600,000 - $700,000, the equivalent of $6 - $7 million in today's dollars. The total sales of her company during the final year of her life reached more than $500K, and her combined value of personal assets and business was over $1,000,000. Breedlove's will designates that 2⁄3 of future net profits of her estate go to charity.


Position Based Dynamics
Points in row
Points in column
Horizontal space
Vertical space
Stretching
Bending
Damping
Global damping
Gravity


Enter the address and port of a Qpid Dispatch Router to connect..
The port should be a websockets <==> tcp proxy.
When Autostart is checked, you will be automatically logged in to the router the next time you start the console.
Please wait, connecting now...
There was a connection error: {{connectionErrorText}}


The amount of stuff you sacrafice for me and the rest of our family is truely unfathomable, I aspire to be as selfless as you some day. I know I don't say it enough but I love you more than the world over, and I love you more


PKL.
Portfolio
Services
Log in
Contact
Break your bad image
Products
About
Team
Clients
Vacanceis
Services
Fashion
Roomsets
Product
Food
Cooporate
Videos
Work
Portfolio
Case studies
Our info
Blog
Contact
Client Login


You could get financial help for specialist education or training for young musicians and dancers.
The Music and Dance Scheme provides grants and help with fees at 8 independent schools and 21 centres for advanced training.
Your child must be aged 8 to 19 to be eligible for the music schools and 11 to 19 for the dance schools.
Apply direct to the school or centre you want to go to.
Chetham’s School, Manchester
Purcell School, Hertfordshire
Wells Cathedral School, Somerset
Yehudi Menuhin School, Surrey
Royal Ballet School, London
Tring Park School, Hertfordshire
Elmhurst School, Birmingham
Hammond School, Chester
Birmingham Conservatoire
Royal Northern College of Music
Royal Academy of Music
Guildhall School of Music & Drama
Royal College of Music
Trinity Laban Conservatoire of Music and Dance
The Sage Gateshead
Sheffield Music Academy
Yorkshire Young Musicians (based in Leeds)
Centre for Young Musicians, London
Aldeburgh Young Musicians (Suffolk)
South West Music School
London Contemporary Dance School
Laban Centre, London
Dance City Academy, Newcastle
Swindon Youth Dance Academy, Swindon, Wiltshire
Yorkshire Young Dancers (ballet and contemporary strands based in Leeds)
Dance East Academy (Ipswich, Suffolk)
DanceXchange South Asian and Contemporary Dance CAT in Birmingham
Dance4, Nottingham
The Lowry, Salford Quays
If your child is aged 8 to 13, you could get financial help with sending them to an independent cathedral or collegiate choir school. You should contact the Choir Schools’ Association direct.


Secretary at MNC.pvt.ltd
Prahladnagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat
Rs6000 - Rs12,000 a month
Apply upto Date: 4/18/20
Vacancy: 2
SKILLS:
Excellent typing skills with attention to detail;
Audio typing
Good telephone manner and organisational skills;
Works well in a team environment.
Superfit Engineering Pvt. Ltd.
Vasai, Maharashtra
Rs8,000 - Rs16,000 a month
Apply upto Date: 3/27/20
Vacancy: 0
SKILLS:
To manage inward and outward movement of store items including RM , Finished goods, consumables.
To check and measure the quantities of variou goods.
Sruthi HR Solutions
Pragatinagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat
Apply upto Date: 3/21/20
Vacancy: 1
Rs12,000 - Rs14,000 a month
We have an urgent opening for fork lift operator for leading MNC -Automobile Manufacturing company at Guduvanchery.
With 1-4 years experience.
AJS technicals serrvice pvt ltd
Vasai, Maharashtra
Apply upto Date: 3/28/20
Vacancy: 2
ob Types: Full-time, Commission.
Salary: Rs10,000 to Rs22,000 a month.
Total work: 1 year (Preferred).


Dota2 Win Predictor Concept
This app will predict the winners of dota games for you!
Please enter Heros for each team below!
Team A - Hero 1:
Team A - Hero 2:
Team A - Hero 3:
Team A - Hero 4:
Team A - Hero 5:
Team B - Hero 1:
Team B - Hero 2:
Team B - Hero 3:
Team B - Hero 4:
Team B - Hero 5:


Ty Warren | Developer Blog
Ketchup!
What have I been doing!? To make a long story short. I have been SLACKING -- on blogging. However I have been writing code most days and working on other projects. I have been working on the hoard API. Which is an API for tabletop roleplaying games. I am in the process of learning mor... Read more 06 Jun 2017 - 1 minute read
JS 30 Day 6
Live Demo The Task: Make a input field with a "type ahead" feature. When typing into the field it will match and filter into a subset of the entire JSON. Thoughts: Using fetch() is awesome! Which is supported by all browsers according to MDN e... Read more 30 May 2017 - 2 minute read
JS 30 Day 5
Live Demo The Task: Flex Panels with CSS Variables and JS. Most of this project I would say was Flex panels... which all was an entirely new concept to me. Once all the Flex was set up, all that was left was adding javascript event listeners. Thoughts: ... Read more 08 May 2017 - 1 minute read
JS 30 Day 4
Live Demo Nothing too pretty here unless you think arrays are pretty... which I could get get on board with! Day 4 was a very informative episode that I will definitely have to watch and play around with a few times in order to fully understand. The Task: Today was a series of ... Read more 06 May 2017 - 1 minute read
JS 30 Day 3
Live Demo Nothing too pretty here unless you think arrays are pretty... which I could get get on board with! Day 4 was a very informative episode that I will definitely have to watch and play around with a few times in order to fully understand. The Task: Today was a series of ... Read more 05 May 2017 - 1 minute read
JS 30 Day 2
Live Demo Day 2! Going strong. This one was fun and pretty straight forward to get up and running. I hope this does NOT become a running theme but again there were somethings that bothered me when I pushed for functionality. I tried my best to figure out a way to resolve the issues, in the end I was satisfied b... Read more 04 May 2017 - 2 minute read
JS 30 Day 1
Live Demo First ever blog post here. I am still learning the ropes with jekyll. This first set of posts will be going through the javascript30 course. Javascript 30 is a free course provided by Wes Bos. You can check that out here. My hope is to retoactively supply links for these deployed assignments. I am loo... Read more 03 May 2017 - 1 minute read


The Design Thinking superpowers
Tools, tutorials, design and innovation experts, all in one place! The most intuitive way to imagine your next user experience.
We design tools to unveil your superpowers
First click tests
While most people enjoy casino gambling.
Design surveys
Sports betting, lottery and bingo playing for the fun
Preference tests
The Myspace page defines the individual.
Five second tests
Personal choices and the overall personality of the person.
Marketing Strategies
Join 40,000+ other marketers and get proven strategies on email marketing
Increasing Prosperity With Positive Thinking
Motivation Is The First Step To Success
Success Steps For Your Personal Or Business Life
Success Steps For Your Personal Or Business Life Plus Funny Image on the Back
Increasing Prosperity With Positive Thinking
Increasing Prosperity With Positive Thinking
Motivation Is The First Step To Success
Success Steps For Your Personal Or Business Life
About Us
Your About Us page is vital. It’s often the first stop in any user’s journey through a website or blog. It also shouldn’t be their last, because first impressions count online just as much as they do in the real world. If your visitors aren’t impressed, you can expect them to leave without reading your awesome content or completing a conversion action (e.g., signing up for your newsletter, making a purchase).
Contact Us
Your About Us page is vital. It’s often the first stop in any user’s journey through a website or blog. It also shouldn’t be their last, because first impressions count online just as much as they do in the real world. If your visitors aren’t impressed, you can expect them to leave without reading your awesome content or completing a conversion action (e.g., signing up for your newsletter, making a purchase).


Anydesk
We use Anydesk for remote support, if you have bought a computer from us it is pre-installed, otherwise click the link above.
Ninite
Ninite is a webpage that catalogs all the best free software and creates an installer to install the in bulk with NO MALWARE


Hello, I need your partnership in re-profiling fund of $10.2M for any profitable investment of your choice. 40% of the profit realize will be yours for 5yrs. This transaction is 100% risk free and Legal. Write back promptly for details. Thanks.


main
This is cluster information page for 603.
You are connecting to .
This is cluster information page for 603.
You are connecting to .
Information about this cluster.
Useful links.
Contact information


Welcome, {{.Name}}.
Password successfully changed
Old password:
New password: New password again (to confirm):
Return to game


11ty Frame design and styles have been carefully developed to give you a nice and simple presentation while offering advanced capabilities:
- ContentOnRequest site architecture
see CoRsa site
- Very high speed loading
- Clean UI with:
- responsive design and fluid typography
- one click smart theming (instantly change colors and light mode)
- scrolling progress bar
- navigation links info
- code blocks hilighting (Prism module), etc.
- On-request image loading
- Full Markdown content, styling, linking, etc.
- Simple commenting system redirecting to your own Github repository issues
- Extensive Performance API metrics report for loading process optimisation
try it by a clicking the bottom page icon!
- Service worker for persistence
- IndexedDB API to store anything you want
- XML sitemap for SEO
- HTTP headers control
- Atom RSS feed
This page and the install page give you the instructions to customize your new blog and are supposed to be replaced as soon as you have fresh matter for your blog.
That’s all Folks!


{% block body %}
Create new account
Username
Password
{% if incorrect %}
Admin password was wrong
{% endif %}
Is administrator?
Validation password
{% endblock %}


Cloudflare
If your site uses Cloudflare as reverse-proxy, make sure that Rocket Loader is off
Rocket Loader bundles mootools incorrect and cause unnecessary loop calls
Debugging
Most browsers bundles with a performance debugger, typically accessible via the hotkey F12
With the performance recorder open, start recording, navigate to the unresponsive page, end the recording after ~10 seconds and export it
Join our Discord guild and post in #help-support with the exported performance file attached


This is a standard paragraph of text
Here's another line of text with a line-break above it.
And here's yet another line of text with yet another line-break above it.


This project demonstrates the use of JavaFX 2.0 components in a Swing based application.
Building the sample SwingInterop produces in project dist/
subdirectory
a JAR file, a HTML file and two JNLP files - one to enable standalone
application launch, the other to enable launch as applet within the HTML page.
Note that the application is not a JavaFX 2.0 application and
the built files do not follow the JavaFX 2.0 deployment
model as described at JavaFX website. The JNLP files
are pre-FX WebStart files, extended only by the reference to the
required JavaFX 2.0+ runtime, which must be present in the system
in order to run the application. The application itself launches
either as standard Swing application or as (pre-FX) applet.
To run the sample outside of NetBeans IDE do one of the following:
NetBeans 7.1 supports either pure Java2SE (Swing) projects or pure JavaFX 2.0+ projects, but does not provide specific support for JavaFX2-in-Swing projects. Such support will be included in NetBeans 7.2. Before NetBeans 7.2 is available, the following workarounds can be followed:
main.class
property must be updated
manually in nbproject/project.properties
to point to the main class of
your modified project.build.xml
by
build.xml
taken from the SwingInterop sample (and preferably edit
<project> name in it). Copy the whole web/
subdirectory from
SwingInterop sample to the new project. In nbproject/project.properties
add manually the property main.class
and set it to the true
main class name when your java sources are ready.
Use Run to run the application within the IDE.
Use Clean and Build to obtain the deployment files as described above.


In 2007 I found myself graduating with a degree in Physics from the University of Idaho, but I had also discovered that I had a knack for the Japanese language and strongly desired to experience the country. So, I found a company that would sponsor a visa for me and left to teach English in Japan in 2008. Shortly after, the markets crashed. I had only intended a stay of a year or two, but I was employed which was more than many people back home could say. So I stayed.
And then, you guessed it, I got married to a Japanese woman. We decided that we didn't want a pressure-cooker school environment for our kids, so after our first was born we moved back to the US. After having lived for 8 years in Japan, I felt a little out of place and disconnected from those around me. Aside from my old high school friends, all of my personal and professional connections are scattered far and wide across the globe! I've been doing jobs to get by, but now I have found a field in which I can truly connect to my peers and produce work of value. Something I can be proud of.
My first break in the industry has turned out to be more of a preface than a chapter. But that's part and parcel for working in a startup environment. Sometimes sudden changes due to budget constraints happen. I am ready to begin a new chapter in earnest!


Customer data
This is any data that the Home Office stores within AWS, for example an Immigration application, advanced passenger information. Under the model this always remains the responsibility of the Home Office. The security of this data in the cloud is the responsibility of the portfolio using the cloud, however, other teams such as CSOC, platforms, Public Cloud, Networks & Infrastructure can assist by supporting security controls that allow more effective discharge of these responsibilities to mitigate the risks.
End-points & Devices
This is equipment that the Home Office uses or are used by our customers to connect to Home Office services in the cloud. The security of these remains the responsibility of the Device Owner (e.g., EUC&C within DDAT Enterprise Services, Supplier when using Supplier BYOCD or an individual in the case of our customers). It is the portfolio's responsibility to ensure that their risk owners are content with any risks related to end points and devices.
Account Identities
This is the identity used by HO users to access the public cloud. This is the responsibility of the public cloud team to manage on behalf of the Home Office.
Access Controls
These include policies, roles and permissions. The HO organisational wide Access Controls are the responsibility of the Public Cloud Team to implement, managing risk on behalf of the risk owners (and will be set with conversations with portfolios and OCISO). Portfolios (account owners) retain responsibility of access controls for any specific roles they create within their accounts.
Monitoring Usage and User Audit
This includes system and protective monitoring of what services HO uses and an audit of which users have access to services. The responsibilities here sit across portfolios, CSOC and the public cloud team who can enable policies within the organisation to make this more straightforward. The business owner within the portfolio is responsible for how services are used.
Web Application Security
A broad term for the security posture of any web application deployed onto the public cloud. Responsibilities for web application security lie with the Home Office, except for container services.
Deployment
The deployment of services used by HO in the cloud is the responsibility of individuals platforms and portfolios as this relates to their deployment of cloud services, and there are a range of deployment methodologies and tools in place within HO. The Public Cloud Team are responsible for the deployment of new accounts and new users. The Cloud provider is responsible for the deployment of most functionality in SaaS and particularly serverless use case.
Operations
The operations of services used by the Home Office in the cloud is the responsibility of the platforms that use these services.
Access and Authentication into the Cloud
The identity service provided by the Cloud Provider, which is used to gain access and authenticate into the cloud and the cloud provider retains control over this identity service. The HO is responsible for use of this, through Account Identities and Access Controls above.
Network Controls
Network controls such as firewalls, load balancers, DMZ, segregation securing access, monitoring etc. are the responsibility of the Home Office when running IaaS (e.g., EC2) and are the responsibility of platforms, networks & infrastructure and portfolios to undertake (the split in responsibility depends on the model within the accounts). The PCT can assist by implementing technically enforced policies and guidelines that prevent the network controls being too open, these will be defined in conversation with portfolios, OCISO and CSOC. Within the SaaS model the cloud provider retains responsibility of these controls - however, from an assurance perspective the Home Office should be appraised of what these controls are.
Operating System
Within SaaS tools this remains the responsibility of the cloud provider, who will patch and keep these up to date. Within most PaaS this is also true, however, within IaaS it is the responsibility of the Home Office to manage the OS and keep these up to date. This is the responsibility of the portfolio/platform to undertake this. On AWS this can be done using AMIs and the public cloud team can support this with technically enforced policies, monitoring and guidelines that can alert or prevent deployment of vulnerable OS.
Logging Provision
Cloud providers have several tools in place to assist with logging and the provision of logs for SaaS and PaaS is primarily the responsibility of the cloud provider, with the Home Office taking responsibility to ensure that these have been turned on and configured. The PCT may provide guidance and technical enforcement of logging across the estate through policies, but these will be agreed between portfolios, platforms, OCISO and CSOC. Note even in IaaS the Home Office can hook AWS logs generated on the infrastructure, e.g., VPC flow logs, API calls into CloudTrail, but other logs remain the responsibility of the portfolio or platform running the IaaS to provision and ensure these are protected.
Storage & Encryption
The physical data storage always remains the responsibility of the cloud provider. The encryption and configuration of databases on top is the responsibility of the Home Office portfolios and platforms that are using the cloud services. They can specify what encryption is in place and policies around data storage. There is an exception when using a SaaS service where the cloud provider manages the encryption and configuration of database also.
Networking
The physical networking within and out of a data centre is the responsibility of the cloud provider.
Kernel Hardening
Kernel hardening is a kernel configuration that mitigates any vulnerabilities or bugs within the kernel to prevent cyber security attacks. Where the Home Office deploys its own OS and devices it is the responsibility of HO to manage this and this would set with Portfolios and Platforms to do. Otherwise, this remains the responsibility of the cloud provider.
Boot
This is part of the physical infrastructure of the data centre and is always the responsibility of the cloud provider.
Hardware
The physical infrastructure within the data centre is always the responsibility of the cloud provider. The Home Office must ensure in line with the Security Policy Framework that they are content with the physical security of any supplier they use, which can be demonstrated through physical security reviews/audits often conducted by third party consultancies under the SOC 2 reports. The provider is also responsible for the virtualisation.
Home Office responsibility model
The diagram below shows a generic responsibility model across central teams (e.g. Enterprise Services teams), Platforms (e.g. EBSA, ACP, LECP), Portfolios (e.g. BICS, PPPT) and HO capabilities such as CSOC/ITOC and OCISO. It is noted that individual areas will have a slightly different split of responsibilities and this should be outlined within security and service wrappers.
Back to side navigationWhat does the above mean for my project?
That depends on what service type you are using and where in the Home Office your project is. If you are using IaaS, i.e. you are running and managing your own EC2 instances to do something on your application, you will be responsible for significantly more security controls than if you are using a HO Platform such as EBSA or ACP. The key thing to remember is that although your project may not be directly responsible for the configuration and provision of cloud services you use from a data protection and cyber security perspective your Senior Responsible Owner will be taking risks that are mitigated by actions of other teams.
The Public Cloud Team is available to help with any questions and queries email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Back to side navigationBack to top


Selecting FTP allows you to remotely store your feeds on an FTP server. Figure 1 displays the configuration settings for configuring an FTP server.
Figure 1: Remote Feeds Dialogue - FTP
The first field is the FTP server/path. This is the IP address or Domain name of the FTP server followed by the path to the folder in which to store the synchronization data. Figure 1 shows the case where the feed data is stored in the folder feedlistfolder of the ftp site ftp://yourserver.com.
The next two fields are your User Name and Password. If your FTP site is hosted by an ISP, they should have provided you this information. RSS Bandit will use these fields in order to login to your FTP site and upload/download feed data.


@* * Copyright 2023 HM Revenue & Customs * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. *@ @(params: uk.gov.hmrc.fsetemailrenderer.controllers.model.Params)@uk.gov.hmrc.fsetemailrenderer.templates.helpers.html.template_csr(params, "We're delighted to be able to offer you a role on the Civil Service Fast Stream") { @if(params.parameters("name").toString.trim.nonEmpty){
Dear @{params.parameters("name")}
Congratulations, you've successfully passed all the required stages.
We're delighted to be able to offer you a role on the Civil Service Fast Stream, for your chosen scheme/internship:
@{params.parameters("scheme")}
You'll be contacted by your scheme's recruitment team soon, with further details of the offer.
We advise that you do not resign from any employment at this stage (Not applicable for SIP/EDIP), as you will need to pass pre-employment checks (Not applicable for EDIP).
Please don't worry if you're not contacted immediately, we are extremely busy at the moment and we will be in touch shortly.
Next steps for all schemes except for the Early Diversity Internship Programme:
To enable you to prepare for your pre-employment checks please read the guidance below. This provides information as to the documentation required. We recommend you review the guidance and begin gathering the relevant documents:
https://www.faststream.gov.uk/media/pre-employment-check-candidate-guidance.pdf
Sign in to your homepage at any time
(https://www.apply-civil-service-fast-stream.service.gov.uk/fset-fast-stream/signin)
Thank you
Fast Stream team
If you need more help, email us at faststream.applicationsupport@@cabinetoffice.gov.uk
Do not reply to this email.
}


{@boolean renderSection1=true} {#include Common/insightsEmailBody} {#content-title} Cost Management - OpenShift {/content-title} {#content-title-section1} Cost Management has not received data {/content-title-section1} {#content-body-section1}
OpenShift source {action.context.source_name} has not received any payloads in the last 3 or more days.
Please go to {action.context.source_name} and confirm whether it should be recieving data or not. If the source/cluster no longer exists consider removing the source or pausing its data collection.
{/content-body-section1} {/include}


Kalm is a beautiful first sight when you look at your device. It’s soft, it’s modern, it’s clean – always tinted in your wallpapers colors so it fits right in. Weather
Kalm shows the current weather on your lockscreen for either your current location or the first location of your Weather App. You’ll never forget to bring your umbrella, your gloves or your bathing suit.
Want to see the condition as well? You can either display the current temperature only, or add the condition or location to it.
If you want to add some color to your weather Kalm let’s you disable the tinting of the weather condition icon, so if it’s sunny you will get your native yellow sun. Don’t like the icon at all? You can just hide it!
Want to really know what the temperature feels like? Just enable the "Feels like" temperature in settings and get the "actual" temperature.
Up next
Kalm also shows you what’s coming up in your calendar, any reminders you’ve set or your upcoming alarms. You won’t miss any important events anymore and will always know what’s up next.
Have many calendars? Don’t worry, with Kalm you can decide which calendars to use. Select any calendar you want and disable those pesky National Holiday and other subscribed calendars. You can also tell it to show full day events or not. Wondering which calendar the event comes from? Just enable the color indicator and a small colored bar will indicate from which calendar the event comes from!
If you like living on the edge, you can set the maximum days ahead to one day and Kalm will only show events that occur the next day. If you like to be prepared, set it to one week and you’ll be ready for your next event.
If you’re a busy person and have many upcoming events or reminders, you can now show up to 5 events/reminders on your lockscreen!
Don’t want to be bothered on certain days by your upcoming events? Just disable them with the Scheduling feature!
Need some privacy? Enable the privacy mode and your events won't show until your device is unlocked.
Appearance
You can align Kalm, choose a different wallpaper color and change the adaptive colors saturation or brightness with ease, or even disable the adaptive colors completely – however you like it. Kalm also changes the alignment of the lock icon and colors the time and the Up Next label if you want it to. If you like it bolder you can now also adjust the font weights of each element.
Feeling overwhelmed with all the upcoming events but still want to show them? You can now switch to a more compact style of Kalm which will display events and reminders in only one line and doesn’t clutter your lock screen as much.
Annoyed by Kalm’s automated colors? Just select your own by providing a # Hex code and override the colors. You can also change the offsets of the position of Kalm and the padding between the notifications.
Is Kalm too small or too large for you or just want larger weather? Freely adjust the font size and weight of all the elements – including the gap after the element!
WANT Kalm TO SCREAM? Enable the case conversion and make everything upper- or lowercase.
Bored by the stock date or time format? Create your own date format by using the formattings provided by nsdateformatter.com.
Device compatibility
Kalm was tested on many devices. Test devices: iPhone X 13.3, iPhone X 13.4, iPhone XR 12.1.2, iPhone 8 13.3, iPhone SE 13.3, iPhone 6 12.4.4, iPhone 5S 12.4.3, iPad Air 2 12.4 (Custom alignment is not possible on iPads)
Tweak compatibility
Kalm works with Artsy, ColorFlow, LatchKey, Photon, Axon, Grupi, Tritium, Lisa, AOD, Complications, Watermelon, Xen HTML and HomeTime. And probably more. If you have other lockscreen tweaks that work with Kalm, please let me know!
- Notifica: Known to cause issues, please disable it in iCleaner to be sure the issue is not related to Notifica.
- ProudLock Xr: Make sure to use Version 1.0.
- Xen HTML: Make sure to show the lockscreen clock on all pages.
Every option you can think of
Weather
- Toggle Condition Icon
- Toggle Condition Icon Tint
- Toggle Location
- Toggle Condition
- Toggle "Feels like" temperature
- Set update interval
Up Next
- Change Style (Standard & Compact)
- Toggle Calendar Events
- Toggle Reminders
- Toggle Alarms
- Toggle Privacy Mode
- Select Visible Calendars
- Toggle Started Events
- Toggle All Day Events
- Toggle Event Location
- Toggle Calendar Color Indicator
- Change Calendar Color Indicator Character
- Toggle Overdue Reminders
- Select Maximum Events shown
- Select Maximum Time Ahead of the Event
- Set update interval
- Set a schedule for the Up Next view to show – either by day or time
Colors
- Toggle Colors
- Toggle Coloring All Elements
- Toggle Custom Color
- Select Accent Color from Wallpaper
- Change Accent Color Saturation
- Change Accent Color Brightness
- Enable Third-Party Coloring
Font sizes and weights
- Change Font Sizes
- Change Font Weights
- Change Gaps
Time and date formats
- Change Date Format
- Change Time Format
- Change Date/Time locale
More
- Change Alignment
- Toggle Lock Icon Alignment
- Toggle Case Conversion to upper- or lowercase
- Change Position
- Change Notification Padding
- Enable the Do Not Disturb icon
- Disable stretching between elements when pulling/dragging the lockscreen
Support
- Make sure to manually add a location to your Weather app. Don’t worry it will still take your location services location if you have it enabled. If you are using an iPad with iPad OS please make sure to use the Weather Widget to have the weather option working properly.
- Try (re-)installing the stock Weather, Calendars and Reminders app from Apple!
- Try disabling all Tweaks except Kalm in iCleaner to check if there is a conflicting tweak.
- Try removing the Kalm preferences file hi.my.name.is.ubik.kalm.plist in /var/mobile/Library/Preferences and respring.
For issues that can’t be fixed with these steps please use this GitHub support page.
Supports iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch running iOS 12.0 - 13.5. Jailbreak required.
| Version | 1.4.3 |
| Updated | June 8, 2020 |
| Restriction(s) | Free |
| iOS Version(s) | 12 - 13.5 |