Taking the Coursera Deep Learning Specialization, Convolutional Neural Networks course. Will post condensed notes every week as part of the review process. All material originates from the free Coursera course, taught by Andrew Ng. See deeplearning.ai for more details.
Table of Contents
Foundations of Convolutional Neural Networks
Convolutional Neural Networks
Computer Vision
- image classification
- object detection in images
- neural network style transfer
Edge Detection Example
Convolution is when you ‘map’ a kernel or filter matrix over your original matrix. Starting from the top left, element multiply the filter with the original matrix. Add all of these new elements.
More Edge Detection
Can use other types of filters.
You can make the neural network learn about the filter through backpropagation by treating the filter as a bunch of parameters to be learned.
Padding
- padding solves shrinking output and underutiliziation of edge and corner pixels
- basically add a border to your images.
- typically pad values are 0
- In above example, padding $p=1$.
$$ n + 2p - f + 1 \text{ by } n + 2p - f + 1 $$
How much to pad? Valid and Same convolutions.
- “Valid”: $ (n * n) \text{ convlution } (f * f) \rightarrow (n - f + 1 * n - f + 1) $
- “Same” Pad so that the output size is the same as the input size.
$$ (n + 2p - f + 1 * n + 2p - f + 1) $$ $ p = \dfrac{f-1}{2} $ $f$ is usually odd.
Strided Convolutions
- striding is the act of skipping over a number of cells during convolution.
- default case is stride of 1, where you move the filter one cell at a time.
- in the case that the stride puts the filter such that it hangs off of the original dimensions, convention is we simply don’t use apply it. (round down)
Convolutions Over Volume
- Same operation as a single layer convolution, except both the filter and the input now have multiple channels.
- each cell of filter, multiply by each cell of input. output is the sum of all these values.
- That is how a 6x6x3 * 3x3x3 becomes a 4x4x1.
- To handle multiple filters, you simply stack the results together.
One Layer of a Convolutional Network
- bias for convolutional layer is always a real number
Simple Convolutional Network Example
Pooling Layers
- can also do averages
- for multiple layers, simply apply the same operation on the said layer
- nothing to learn (no parameters)
CNN Example
- example inspired by LeNet5
Why Convolutions?
- Convolutions allow you to reduce the number of parameters to train
- Parameter Sharing
- parameters are shared across the entire input
- Sparsity of Connections
- each output value depend on a small number of input values


Weight: %
Body Fat: lb
2/3/16
8:00 PM EST @ SRC
Members:
| Day | Meal Type | Meal | Calories | Protien |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monday | Breakfast | Chicken & Waffles | 1977 | 16 |
| Monday | Lunch | Shrimp Linguini | 840 | 2 |
| Monday | Dinner | Steak | 1200 | 8 |
| Name | Weight | Sets | Reps |
|---|---|---|---|
| Military Press | 30 | 3 | 8 |
| Bench Press | 135 | 3 | 8 |
| Bicep Curls | 25 | 3 | 8 |


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Bottle applications can store their configuration in Bottle.config, a dict-like object and central place for application specific settings. This dictionary controls many aspects of the framework, tells (newer) plugins what to do, and can be used to store your own configuration as well.
The Bottle.config object behaves a lot like an ordinary dictionary. All the common dict methods work as expected. Let us start with some examples:
import bottle
app = bottle.default_app() # or bottle.Bottle() if you prefer
app.config['autojson'] = False # Turns off the "autojson" feature
app.config['sqlite.db'] = ':memory:' # Tells the sqlite plugin which db to use
app.config['myapp.param'] = 'value' # Example for a custom config value.
# Change many values at once
app.config.update({
'autojson': False,
'sqlite.db': ':memory:',
'myapp.param': 'value'
})
# Add default values
app.config.setdefault('myapp.param2', 'some default')
# Receive values
param = app.config['myapp.param']
param2 = app.config.get('myapp.param2', 'fallback value')
# An example route using configuration values
@app.route('/about', view='about.rst')
def about():
email = app.config.get('my.email'<EMAIL_ADDRESS>return {'email': email}
The app object is not always available, but as long as you are within a request context, you can use the request object to get the current application and its configuration:
from bottle import request
def is_admin(user):
return user == request.app.config['myapp.admin_user']
To make life easier, plugins and applications should follow some simple rules when it comes to config parameter names:
Configuration files are useful if you want to enable non-programmers to configure your application, or just don’t want to hack python module files just to change the database port. A very common syntax for configuration files is shown here:
[bottle]
debug = True
[sqlite]
db = /tmp/test.db
commit = auto
[myapp]
admin_user = defnull
With ConfigDict.load_config() you can load these *.ini style configuration files from disk and import their values into your existing configuration:
app.config.load_config('/etc/myapp.conf')
Another useful method is ConfigDict.load_dict(). This method takes an entire structure of nested dictionaries and turns it into a flat list of keys and values with namespaced keys:
# Load an entire dict structure
app.config.load_dict({
'autojson': False,
'sqlite': { 'db': ':memory:' },
'myapp': {
'param': 'value',
'param2': 'value2'
}
})
assert app.config['myapp.param'] == 'value'
# Load configuration from a json file
with open('/etc/myapp.json') as fp:
app.config.load_dict(json.load(fp))
The config hook on the application object is triggered each time a value in Bottle.config is changed. This hook can be used to react on configuration changes at runtime, for example reconnect to a new database, change the debug settings on a background service or resize worker thread pools. The hook callback receives two arguments (key, new_value) and is called before the value is actually changed in the dictionary. Raising an exception from a hook callback cancels the change and the old value is preserved.
@app.hook('config')
def on_config_change(key, value):
if key == 'debug':
switch_own_debug_mode_to(value)
The hook callbacks cannot change the value that is to be stored to the dictionary. That is what filters are for.
ConfigDict allows you to store meta data along with configuration keys. Two meta fields are currently defined:
This feature is most useful for plugins. They can validate their config parameters or trigger side effects using filters and document their configuration via help fields:
class SomePlugin(object):
def setup(app):
app.config.meta_set('some.int', 'filter', int)
app.config.meta_set('some.list', 'filter',
lambda val: str(val).split(';'))
app.config.meta_set('some.list', 'help',
'A semicolon separated list.')
def apply(self, callback, route):
...
import bottle
app = bottle.default_app()
app.install(SomePlugin())
app.config['some.list'] = 'a;b;c' # Actually stores ['a', 'b', 'c']
app.config['some.int'] = 'not an int' # raises ValueError
A dict-like configuration storage with additional support for namespaces, validators, meta-data, on_change listeners and more.
This storage is optimized for fast read access. Retrieving a key or using non-altering dict methods (e.g. dict.get()) has no overhead compared to a native dict.
Load values from an *.ini style config file.
If the config file contains sections, their names are used as namespaces for the values within. The two special sections DEFAULT and bottle refer to the root namespace (no prefix).
Import values from a dictionary structure. Nesting can be used to represent namespaces.
>>> ConfigDict().load_dict({'name': {'space': {'key': 'value'}}})
{'name.space.key': 'value'}
If the first parameter is a string, all keys are prefixed with this namespace. Apart from that it works just as the usual dict.update(). Example: update('some.namespace', key='value')


| ouch-package | Ornstein-Uhlenbeck methods for comparative phylogenetic hypotheses |
| anolis.ssd | Greater Antillean anolis lizard sexual size dimorphism data |
| ape2ouch | Phylogenetic tree object in 'ouch' format |
| as.data.frame.browntree | Coerce an 'ouch' object to a data frame |
| as.data.frame.hansentree | Coerce an 'ouch' object to a data frame |
| as.data.frame.ouchtree | Coerce an 'ouch' object to a data frame |
| as_data_frame | Coerce an 'ouch' object to a data frame |
| bimac | Anolis bimaculatus lizard size data |
| bootstrap | Bootstrapping for uncertainty quantification |
| bootstrap-method | Bootstrapping for uncertainty quantification |
| brown | Phylogenetic Brownian motion models |
| browntree-class | Phylogenetic Brownian motion models |
| coef | Model coefficients |
| coef-method | Model coefficients |
| geospiza | Data on Darwin's finches |
| hansen | Ornstein-Uhlenbeck models of trait evolution |
| hansentree-class | Ornstein-Uhlenbeck models of trait evolution |
| logLik | Log likelihood of a fitted model |
| logLik-method | Log likelihood of a fitted model |
| ouch | Ornstein-Uhlenbeck methods for comparative phylogenetic hypotheses |
| ouchtree | Phylogenetic tree object in 'ouch' format |
| ouchtree-class | Phylogenetic tree object in 'ouch' format |
| paint | Painting regimes on a phylogenetic tree |
| plot | 'ouch' plotting functions |
| plot-method | 'ouch' plotting functions |
| simulate | Simulations of a phylogenetic trait model |
| simulate-method | Simulations of a phylogenetic trait model |
| summary | 'ouch' summary methods |
| summary-method | 'ouch' summary methods |
| update | Update and refit an 'ouch' model |
| update-method | Update and refit an 'ouch' model |


EBD - Easton Bible DIctionary
Magor-missabib
MAGOR-MISSABIB
"MAGOR-MISSABIB "fear on every side, (
Jeremiah 20:3
), a symbolical name given to the priest Pashur, expressive of the fate announced by the prophet as about to come upon him.
"MAGOR-MISSABIB "fear on every side, (Jeremiah 20:3), a symbolical name given to the priest Pashur, expressive of the fate announced by the prophet as about to come upon him.


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This burger conatins lactose!
This burger conatins gluten!
Fullname:
Email
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Mark your locaiton on the map!


| I l@ve RuBoard |
It is a painful thing
To look at your own trouble and know
That you yourself and no one else has made it
Sophocles, Ajax
The word bug has been used to describe an "object of terror" ever since the fourteenth century. Rear Admiral Dr. Grace Hopper, the inventor of COBOL, is credited with observing the first computer bug—literally, a moth caught in a relay in an early computer system. When asked to explain why the machine wasn't behaving as intended, a technician reported that there was "a bug in the system," and dutifully taped it—wings and all—into the log book.
Regrettably, we still have "bugs" in the system, albeit not the flying kind. But the fourteenth century meaning—a bogeyman—is perhaps even more applicable now than it was then. Software defects manifest themselves in a variety of ways, from misunderstood requirements to coding errors. Unfortunately, modern computer systems are still limited to doing what you tell them to do, not necessarily what you want them to do.
No one writes perfect software, so it's a given that debugging will take up a major portion of your day. Let's look at some of the issues involved in debugging and some general strategies for finding elusive bugs.
Debugging itself is a sensitive, emotional subject for many developers. Instead of attacking it as a puzzle to be solved, you may encounter denial, finger pointing, lame excuses, or just plain apathy.
Embrace the fact that debugging is just problem solving, and attack it as such.
Having found someone else's bug, you can spend time and energy laying blame on the filthy culprit who created it. In some workplaces this is part of the culture, and may be cathartic. However, in the technical arena, you want to concentrate on fixing the problem, not the blame.
Tip 24
Fix the Problem, Not the Blame
It doesn't really matter whether the bug is your fault or someone else's. It is still your problem.
The easiest person to deceive is one's self
Edward Bulwer-Lytton, The Disowned
Before you start debugging, it's important to adopt the right mindset. You need to turn off many of the defenses you use each day to protect your ego, tune out any project pressures you may be under, and get yourself comfortable. Above all, remember the first rule of debugging:
Tip 25
Don't Panic
It's easy to get into a panic, especially if you are facing a deadline, or have a nervous boss or client breathing down your neck while you are trying to find the cause of the bug. But it is very important to step back a pace, and actually think about what could be causing the symptoms that you believe indicate a bug.
If your first reaction on witnessing a bug or seeing a bug report is "that's impossible," you are plainly wrong. Don't waste a single neuron on the train of thought that begins "but that can't happen" because quite clearly it can, and has.
Beware of myopia when debugging. Resist the urge to fix just the symptoms you see: it is more likely that the actual fault may be several steps removed from what you are observing, and may involve a number of other related things. Always try to discover the root cause of a problem, not just this particular appearance of it.
Before you start to look at the bug, make sure that you are working on code that compiled cleanly—without warnings. We routinely set compiler warning levels as high as possible. It doesn't make sense to waste time trying to find a problem that the compiler could find for you! We need to concentrate on the harder problems at hand.
When trying to solve any problem, you need to gather all the relevant data. Unfortunately, bug reporting isn't an exact science. It's easy to be misled by coincidences, and you can't afford to waste time debugging coincidences.
Accuracy in bug reports is further diminished when they come through a third party—you may actually need to watch the user who reported the bug in action to get a sufficient level of detail.
Andy once worked on a large graphics application. Nearing release, the testers reported that the application crashed every time they painted a stroke with a particular brush. The programmer responsible argued that there was nothing wrong with it; he had tried painting with it, and it worked just fine. This dialog went back and forth for several days, with tempers rapidly rising.
Finally, we got them together in the same room. The tester selected the brush tool and painted a stroke from the upper right corner to the lower left corner. The application exploded. "Oh," said the programmer, in a small voice, who then sheepishly admitted that he had made test strokes only from the lower left to the upper right, which did not expose the bug.
There are two points to this story:
You may need to interview the user who reported the bug in order to gather more data than you were initially given.
Artificial tests (such as the programmer's single brush stroke from bottom to top) don't exercise enough of an application. You must brutally test both boundary conditions and realistic end-user usage patterns. You need to do this systematically (see Ruthless Testing).
Once you think you know what is going on, it's time to find out what the program thinks is going on.
Bug ReproductionNo, our bugs aren't really multiplying (although some of them are probably old enough to do it legally). We're talking about a different kind of reproduction. The best way to start fixing a bug is to make it reproducible. After all, if you can't reproduce it, how will you know if it is ever fixed? But we want more than a bug that can be reproduced by following some long series of steps; we want a bug that can be reproduced with a single command. It's a lot harder to fix a bug if you have to go through 15 steps to get to the point where the bug shows up. Sometimes by forcing yourself to isolate the circumstances that display the bug, you'll even gain an insight on how to fix it. See Ubiquitos Automation, for other ideas along these lines. |
Often, the easiest way to discern what a program is doing—or what it is going to do—is to get a good look at the data it is operating on. The simplest example of this is a straightforward "variable name = data value" approach, which may be implemented as printed text, or as fields in a GUI dialog box or list.
But you can gain a much deeper insight into your data by using a debugger that allows you to visualize your data and all of the interrelationships that exist. There are debuggers that can represent your data as a 3D fly-over through a virtual reality landscape, or as a 3D waveform plot, or just as simple structural diagrams, as shown in Figure 3.2 on the next page. As you single-step through your program, pictures like these can be worth much more than a thousand words, as the bug you've been hunting suddenly jumps out at you.
Even if your debugger has limited support for visualizing data, you can still do it yourself—either by hand, with paper and pencil, or with external plotting programs.
The DDD debugger has some visualization capabilities, and is freely available (see [URL 19]). It is interesting to note that DDD works with multiple languages, including Ada, C, C++, Fortran, Java, Modula, Pascal, Perl, and Python (clearly an orthogonal design).
Debuggers generally focus on the state of the program now. Sometimes you need more—you need to watch the state of a program or a data structure over time. Seeing a stack trace can only tell you how you got here directly. It can't tell you what you were doing prior to this call chain, especially in event-based systems.
Tracing statements are those little diagnostic messages you print to the screen or to a file that say things such as "got here" and "value of x = 2." It's a primitive technique compared with IDE-style debuggers, but it is peculiarly effective at diagnosing several classes of errors that debuggers can't. Tracing is invaluable in any system where time itself is a factor: concurrent processes, real-time systems, and event-based applications.
You can use tracing statements to "drill down" into the code. That is, you can add tracing statements as you descend the call tree.
Trace messages should be in a regular, consistent format; you may want to parse them automatically. For instance, if you needed to track down a resource leak (such as unbalanced file opens/closes), you could trace each open and each close in a log file. By processing the log file with Perl, you could easily identify where the offending open was occurring.
Corrupt Variables? Check Their NeighborhoodSometimes you'll examine a variable, expecting to see a small integer value, and instead get something like 0x6e69614d. Before you roll up your sleeves for some serious debugging, have a quick look at the memory around this corrupted variable. Often it will give you a clue. In our case, examining the surrounding memory as characters shows us 20333231 6e69614d 2c745320 746f4e0a 1 2 3 M a i n S t , \n N o t 2c6e776f 2058580a 31323433 00000a33 o w n , \n x x 3 4 2 1 3\n\0\0 Looks like someone sprayed a street address over our counter. Now we know where to look. |
A very simple but particularly useful technique for finding the cause of a problem is simply to explain it to someone else. The other person should look over your shoulder at the screen, and nod his or her head constantly (like a rubber duck bobbing up and down in a bathtub). They do not need to say a word; the simple act of explaining, step by step, what the code is supposed to do often causes the problem to leap off the screen and announce itself.[7]
[7] Why "rubber ducking"? While an undergraduate at Imperial College in London, Dave did a lot of work with a research assistant named Greg Pugh, one of the best developers Dave has known. For several months Greg carried around a small yellow rubber duck, which he'd place on his terminal while coding. It was a while before Dave had the courage to ask....
It sounds simple, but in explaining the problem to another person you must explicitly state things that you may take for granted when going through the code yourself. By having to verbalize some of these assumptions, you may suddenly gain new insight into the problem.
In most projects, the code you are debugging may be a mixture of application code written by you and others on your project team, third-party products (database, connectivity, graphical libraries, specialized communications or algorithms, and so on) and the platform environment (operating system, system libraries, and compilers).
It is possible that a bug exists in the OS, the compiler, or a third-party product—but this should not be your first thought. It is much more likely that the bug exists in the application code under development. It is generally more profitable to assume that the application code is incorrectly calling into a library than to assume that the library itself is broken. Even if the problem does lie with a third party, you'll still have to eliminate your code before submitting the bug report.
We worked on a project where a senior engineer was convinced that the select system call was broken on Solaris. No amount of persuasion or logic could change his mind (the fact that every other networking application on the box worked fine was irrelevant). He spent weeks writing work-arounds, which, for some odd reason, didn't seem to fix the problem. When finally forced to sit down and read the documentation on select, he discovered the problem and corrected it in a matter of minutes. We now use the phrase "select is broken" as a gentle reminder whenever one of us starts blaming the system for a fault that is likely to be our own.
Tip 26
"select" Isn't Broken
Remember, if you see hoof prints, think horses—not zebras. The OS is probably not broken. And the database is probably just fine.
If you "changed only one thing" and the system stopped working, that one thing was likely to be responsible, directly or indirectly, no matter how farfetched it seems. Sometimes the thing that changed is outside of your control: new versions of the OS, compiler, database, or other third-party software can wreak havoc with previously correct code. New bugs might show up. Bugs for which you had a work-around get fixed, breaking the work-around. APIs change, functionality changes; in short, it's a whole new ball game, and you must retest the system under these new conditions. So keep a close eye on the schedule when considering an upgrade; you may want to wait until after the next release.
If, however, you have no obvious place to start looking, you can always rely on a good old-fashioned binary search. See if the symptoms are present at either of two far away spots in the code. Then look in the middle. If the problem is present, then the bug lies between the start and the middle point; otherwise, it is between the middle point and the end. You can continue in this fashion until you narrow down the spot sufficiently to identify the problem.
When you find yourself surprised by a bug (perhaps even muttering "that's impossible" under your breath where we can't hear you), you must reevaluate truths you hold dear. In that linked list routine—the one you knew was bulletproof and couldn't possibly be the cause of this bug—did you test all the boundary conditions? That other piece of code you've been using for years—it couldn't possibly still have a bug in it. Could it?
Of course it can. The amount of surprise you feel when something goes wrong is directly proportional to the amount of trust and faith you have in the code being run. That's why, when faced with a "surprising" failure, you must realize that one or more of your assumptions is wrong. Don't gloss over a routine or piece of code involved in the bug because you "know" it works. Prove it. Prove it in this context, with this data, with these boundary conditions.
Tip 27
Don't Assume It—Prove It
When you come across a surprise bug, beyond merely fixing it, you need to determine why this failure wasn't caught earlier. Consider whether you need to amend the unit or other tests so that they would have caught it.
Also, if the bug is the result of bad data that was propagated through a couple of levels before causing the explosion, see if better parameter checking in those routines would have isolated it earlier (see the discussions on crashing early and assertions on pages 120 and 122, respectively).
While you're at it, are there any other places in the code that may be susceptible to this same bug? Now is the time to find and fix them. Make sure that whatever happened, you'll know if it happens again.
If it took a long time to fix this bug, ask yourself why. Is there anything you can do to make fixing this bug easier the next time around? Perhaps you could build in better testing hooks, or write a log file analyzer.
Finally, if the bug is the result of someone's wrong assumption, discuss the problem with the whole team: if one person misunderstands, then it's possible many people do.
Do all this, and hopefully you won't be surprised next time.
Is the problem being reported a direct result of the underlying bug, or merely a symptom?
Is the bug really in the compiler? Is it in the OS? Or is it in your code?
If you explained this problem in detail to a coworker, what would you say?
If the suspect code passes its unit tests, are the tests complete enough? What happens if you run the unit test with this data?
Do the conditions that caused this bug exist anywhere else in the system?
Debugging is challenge enough.
| I l@ve RuBoard |


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|
|
bool | m_IsReal |
| |
|
bool | m_IsReadable |
| |
|
bool | m_IsWritable |
| |
|
bool | m_IsFile |
| |
|
bool | m_IsDirectory |
| |
|
bool | m_IsSymLink |
| |
|
bool | m_IsAbsolute |
| |
|
unsigned | m_FileSize |
| |
|
std::string | m_FullPath |
| |
|
std::string | m_Name |
| |
|
std::string | m_Extension |
| |
|
std::string | m_Directory |
| |
| Ocular::Core::Directory::Directory |
( |
std::string const |
path = "" | ) |
|
- Parameters
-
- Note
- If an empty path is provided, the current working directory will be used.
| bool Ocular::Core::Directory::create |
( |
bool |
createDirectories = false | ) |
|
|
virtual |
Attempts to create the directory if it does not already exist.
- Parameters
-
| [in] | createDirectories | If TRUE, creates all necessary parent directories that do not already exist. |
- Returns
- bool TRUE if successful
Reimplemented from Ocular::Core::File.
| void Ocular::Core::Directory::explore |
( |
bool const |
recursive = false | ) |
|
Populates the list of child directories and files.
If recursive is true, then this Directory's child directories and files will be filled with ALL child directories and files, no matter how deeply nested.
- Parameters
-
| [in] | recursive | If TRUE, child directories are automatically explored. |
| std::vector< Directory > Ocular::Core::Directory::getChildDirectories |
( |
bool |
recursive = false | ) |
const |
- Note
- explore must be called first or else the container will be empty.
- Parameters
-
| [in] | recursive | If true, returned list also contains all files belonging to child directories. |
- Returns
- A collection of all immediate child directories.
| std::vector< File > Ocular::Core::Directory::getChildFiles |
( |
bool |
recursive = false | ) |
const |
- Note
- explore must be called first or else the container will be empty.
- Parameters
-
| [in] | recursive | If true, returned list also contains all files belonging to child directories. |
- Returns
- A collection of all immediate child files.
The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:
- C:/Projects/OcularEngine/OcularCore/include/FileIO/Directory.hpp
- C:/Projects/OcularEngine/OcularCore/src/FileIO/Directory.cpp


single_bubble_model.Model.simulate¶
-
Model.
simulate
(self, particle, X0, de, yk, T0=None, K=1.0, K_T=1.0, fdis=1e-06, t_hyd=0.0, lag_time=True, delta_t=0.1)[source]¶ Simulate the trajectory of a particle from given initial conditions
Simulate the trajectory of a particle (bubble, droplet or solid particle) until the particle dissolves or until it reaches the free surface.
- Parameters
- particledbm.FluidParticle or dbm.InsolubleParticle object
Object describing the properties and behavior of the particle.
- X0float or ndarray
The release localtion (x0, y0, z0) depth (m) of the particle in the simulation. If float, x0 = y0 = 0 is assumed.
- defloat
Initial diameter of the particle (m)
- ykndarray
Initial mole fractions of each component in the particle (–)
- T0float, optional
Initial temperature (K) of the particle at release if not equal to the temperature of the surrounding fluid. If omitted, the model will set T0 to the ambient temperature.
- Kfloat, default = 1.
Mass transfer reduction factor (–). Pre-multiplies the mass transfer coefficients providing amplification (>1) or retardation (<1) of the dissolution.
- K_Tfloat, default = 1.
Heat transfer reduction factor (–). Pre-multiplies the heat transfer coefficient providing amplification (>1) or retardation (<1) of the heat flux.
- fdisfloat, default = 1.e-6
Fraction of the initial total mass remaining (–) for each component in the particle when the particle should be considered dissolved.
- t_hydfloat, default = 0.
Hydrate film formation time (s). Mass transfer is computed by clean bubble methods for t less than t_hyd and by dirty bubble methods thereafter. The default behavior is to assume the particle is dirty or hydrate covered from the release.
- lag_timebool, default = True
flag indicating whether the biodegradation rates should include a lag time (True) or not (False). Default value is True.
- delta_tfloat, default = 0.1 s
Maximum time step to use (s) in the simulation. The ODE solver in calculate_path is set up with adaptive step size integration, so in theory this value determines the largest step size in the output data, but not the numerical stability of the calculation.
See also
Notes
This method fills the object attributes particle, t and y following successful simulation of the particle trajectory. It also stores all the input variables as object attributes that do not change during simulation.


/* Copyright (c) 2008, Adobe Systems Incorporated All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * Neither the name of Adobe Systems Incorporated nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. */ package com.adobe.net { /** * The URI class cannot know about DNS aliases, virtual hosts, or * symbolic links that may be involved. The application can provide * an implementation of this interface to resolve the URI before the * URI class makes any comparisons. For example, a web host has * two aliases: * *
 * http://www.site.com/ * http://www.site.net/ *
 * *
The application can provide an implementation that automatically * resolves site.net to site.com before URI compares two URI objects. * Only the application can know and understand the context in which * the URI's are being used.
 * *
Use the URI.resolver accessor to assign a custom resolver to * the URI class. Any resolver specified is global to all instances * of URI.
 * *
URI will call this before performing URI comparisons in the * URI.getRelation() and URI.getCommonParent() functions.
 * * @see URI.getRelation * @see URI.getCommonParent * * @langversion ActionScript 3.0 * @playerversion Flash 9.0 */ public interface IURIResolver { /** * Implement this method to provide custom URI resolution for * your application. * * @langversion ActionScript 3.0 * @playerversion Flash 9.0 */ function resolve(uri:URI) : URI; } }


"""Randomized Causation Coefficient Model.
Author : David Lopez-Paz
Ref : Lopez-Paz, David and Muandet, Krikamol and Schölkopf, Bernhard and Tolstikhin, Ilya O,
"Towards a Learning Theory of Cause-Effect Inference", ICML 2015.
.. MIT License
..
.. Copyright (c) 2018 Diviyan Kalainathan
..
.. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
.. of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
.. in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
.. to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
.. copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
.. furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
..
.. The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
.. copies or substantial portions of the Software.
..
.. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
.. IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
.. FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
.. AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
.. LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
.. OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
.. SOFTWARE.
"""
from sklearn.preprocessing import scale
from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier as CLF
from ...utils.Settings import SETTINGS
import pandas
import numpy as np
from .model import PairwiseModel
[docs]class RCC(PairwiseModel):
"""Randomized Causation Coefficient model.
Projection of the empirical distributions into a RKHS using random cosine
embeddings, then classfying the pairs using a random forest.
Args:
rand_coeff (int): number of randomized coefficients
nb_estimators (int): number of estimators
nb_min_leaves (int): number of min samples leaves of the estimator
max_depth (): (optional) max depth of the model
s (float): scaling
njobs (int): number of jobs to be run on parallel (defaults to ``cdt.SETTINGS.NJOBS``)
verbose (bool): verbosity (defaults to ``cdt.SETTINGS.verbose``)
.. note::
Ref : Lopez-Paz, David and Muandet, Krikamol and Schölkopf, Bernhard and Tolstikhin, Ilya O,
"Towards a Learning Theory of Cause-Effect Inference", ICML 2015.
"""
def __init__(self, rand_coeff=333, nb_estimators=500, nb_min_leaves=20,
max_depth=None, s=10, njobs=None, verbose=None):
"""Initialize the model w/ its parameters.
"""
np.random.seed(0)
self.K = rand_coeff
self.E = nb_estimators
self.L = nb_min_leaves
self.njobs, self.verbose = SETTINGS.get_default(('njobs', njobs), ('verbose', verbose))
self.max_depth = max_depth
self.W = np.hstack((s * np.random.randn(self.K, 2),
2 * np.pi * np.random.rand(self.K, 1)))
self.W2 = np.hstack((s * np.random.randn(self.K, 1),
2 * np.pi * np.random.rand(self.K, 1)))
self.clf = None
[docs] def featurize_row(self, x, y):
""" Projects the causal pair to the RKHS using the sampled kernel approximation.
Args:
x (np.ndarray): Variable 1
y (np.ndarray): Variable 2
Returns:
np.ndarray: projected empirical distributions into a single fixed-size vector.
"""
x = x.ravel()
y = y.ravel()
b = np.ones(x.shape)
dx = np.cos(np.dot(self.W2, np.vstack((x, b)))).mean(1)
dy = np.cos(np.dot(self.W2, np.vstack((y, b)))).mean(1)
if(sum(dx) > sum(dy)):
return np.hstack((dx, dy,
np.cos(np.dot(self.W, np.vstack((x, y, b)))).mean(1)))
else:
return np.hstack((dx, dy,
np.cos(np.dot(self.W, np.vstack((y, x, b)))).mean(1)))
[docs] def fit(self, x, y):
"""Train the model.
Args:
x_tr (pd.DataFrame): CEPC format dataframe containing the pairs
y_tr (pd.DataFrame or np.ndarray): labels associated to the pairs
"""
train = np.vstack((np.array([self.featurize_row(row.iloc[0],
row.iloc[1]) for idx, row in x.iterrows()]),
np.array([self.featurize_row(row.iloc[1],
row.iloc[0]) for idx, row in x.iterrows()])))
labels = np.vstack((y, -y)).ravel()
verbose = 1 if self.verbose else 0
self.clf = CLF(verbose=verbose,
min_samples_leaf=self.L,
n_estimators=self.E,
max_depth=self.max_depth,
n_jobs=self.njobs).fit(train, labels)
[docs] def predict_proba(self, x, y=None, **kwargs):
""" Predict the causal score using a trained RCC model
Args:
x (numpy.array or pandas.DataFrame or pandas.Series): First variable or dataset.
args (numpy.array): second variable (optional depending on the 1st argument).
Returns:
float: Causation score (Value : 1 if a->b and -1 if b->a)
"""
if self.clf is None:
raise ValueError("Model has to be trained before making predictions.")
if x is pandas.Series:
input_ = self.featurize_row(x.iloc[0], x.iloc[1]).reshape((1, -1))
elif x is pandas.DataFrame:
input_ = np.array([self.featurize_row(x.iloc[0], x.iloc[1]) for row in x])
elif y is not None:
input_ = self.featurize_row(x, y).reshape((1, -1))
else:
raise TypeError("DataType not understood.")
return self.clf.predict(input_)
[docs] def predict_dataset(self, data, **kwargs):
""" Override of ``self.predict_dataset`` for better computational efficency.
Args:
x (pandas.DataFrame): a CEPC format Dataframe.
kwargs (dict): additional arguments for the algorithms
Returns:
pandas.DataFrame: a Dataframe with the predictions.
"""
return self.predict_proba(data, **kwargs)


Plugin Configuration File - plugin.xml
The following is a sample plugin configuration file. This sample showcases and describes all elements that can be used in the plugin.xml file.
<!-- url="" specifies the URL of the plugin homepage (displayed in the Welcome Screen and in "Plugins" settings dialog) -->
<idea-plugin url="http://www.jetbrains.com/idea">
<!-- Plugin name -->
<name>VssIntegration</name>
<!-- Unique identifier of the plugin.
Cannot be changed between the plugin versions.
If not specified, assumed to be equal to <name>. -->
<id>VssIntegration</id>
<!-- Description of the plugin. -->
<description>Vss integration plugin</description>
<!-- Description of changes in the latest version of the plugin.
Displayed in the "Plugins" settings dialog and in the
plugin repository Web interface. -->
<change-notes>Initial release of the plugin.</change-notes>
<!-- Plugin version -->
<version>1.0</version>
<!-- The vendor of the plugin.
The optional "url" attribute specifies the URL of the vendor homepage.
The optional "email" attribute specifies the e-mail address of the vendor.
The optional "logo" attribute specifies the path within the plugin JAR
to a 16x16 icon to be displayed next to the plugin name in the welcome screen. -->
<vendor url="http://www.jetbrains.com"<EMAIL_ADDRESS>logo="icons/plugin.png">Foo Inc.</vendor>
<!-- The unique identifiers of the plugins on which this plugin depends. -->
<depends>MyFirstPlugin</depends>
<!-- Optional dependency on another plugin.
If the plugin with the "MySecondPlugin" ID is installed,
the contents of mysecondplugin.xml (the format of this file
conforms to the format of plugin.xml) will be loaded. -->
<depends optional="true" config-file="mysecondplugin.xml">MySecondPlugin</depends>
<!-- Allows a plugin to integrate its help system (in JavaHelp format)
with the IDEA help system. The "file" attribute specifies the name
of the JAR file in the "help" subdirectory of the plugin directory.
The "path" attribute specifies the name of the helpset file within
the JAR file.-->
<helpset file="myhelp.jar" path="/Help.hs" />
<!-- Minimum and maximum build of IDEA compatible with the plugin -->
<idea-version since-build="3000" until-build="3999"/>
<!-- Resource bundle from which the text of plugin descriptions,
action names and etc. will be loaded -->
<resource-bundle>messages.MyPluginBundle</resource-bundle>
<!-- Plugin's application components -->
<application-components>
<component>
<!-- Component's interface class -->
<interface-class>com.foo.Component1Interface</interface-class>
<!-- Component's implementation class -->
<implementation-class>com.foo.impl.Component1Impl</implementation-class>
</component>
</application-components>
<!-- Plugin's project components -->
<project-components>
<component>
<!-- Interface and implementation classes are the same -->
<interface-class>com.foo.Component2</interface-class>
<!-- If the "workspace" option is set "true", the component
saves its state to the .iws file instead of the .ipr file.
Note that the <option> element is used only if the component
implements the JDOMExternalizable interface. Otherwise, the
use of the <option> element takes no effect. -->
<option name="workspace" value="true" />
<!-- If the "loadForDefaultProject" tag is present, the project component is instantiated also for the default project. -->
<loadForDefaultProject>
</component>
</project-components>
<!-- Plugin's module components -->
<module-components>
<component>
<interface-class>com.foo.Component3</interface-class>
</component>
</module-components>
<!--  Extension points defined by the plugin.
Extension points are registered by a plugin so that other
plugins can provide this plugin with certain data. The
"beanClass" attribute specifies the class the implementations
of which can be used for the extension point. -->
<extensionPoints>
<extensionPoint name="testExtensionPoint" beanClass="com.foo.impl.MyExtensionBean"/>
</extensionPoints>
<!-- Extensions which the plugin adds to extension points
defined by the IDEA core or by other plugins.
The "defaultExtensionNs " attribute must be set to the
ID of the plugin defining the extension point, or to
"com.intellij" if the extension point is defined by the
IDEA core. The name of the tag within the <extensions>
tag matches the name of the extension point, and the
"implementation" class specifies the name of the class
added to the extension point. -->
<extensions xmlns="VssIntegration">
<testExtensionPoint implementation="com.foo.impl.MyExtensionImpl"/>
</extensions>
</idea-plugin>
Last modified:


HTML is the abbreviation for Hyper Text Markup Language, and is the code, or language that is used for the creation of basic website layouts. It can look a little daunting if you've never done any coding before, but all you need to try it out is an ordinary text editing application and an internet browser. You might even recognize some HTML used to change text in online forums, customized online profiles, or even some wikiHow articles. HTML is a useful tool for anyone who uses the internet, and learning the basics may take you less time than you think.
Most text editing programs, including Notepad or Notepad++ for Windows, TextEdit for Mac, and gedit for GNU/Linux can be used to write HTML documents. Open a new document and use File → Save As in the top menu to save it as a "Web Page," or to change the file extension to ".html" instead of ".doc," ".rtf," or any other extension.
You may see a warning that your document will be changed to "plain text" instead of "rich text," or that special formatting and images won't be saved properly. This is fine; HTML documents do not use those options.
Save your blank document, then find the document icon in your computer and double click to open it. It should open as a blank web page in your browser. If it doesn't, drag the file icon to the URL (address) bar of your browser. As you edit your HTML document in this tutorial, you can keep checking back and seeing how your web page changes.
Note that this does not actually create a website online. It will not be accessible by other people, and you do not need an internet connection to test out. This just uses a browser to "read" your HTML document as though it were a website.
Markup tags do not show up on a web page like normal text. Instead, they tell your web browser how to display the page and its content. The "start tag" contains instructions. For example, it might tell the browser to display text as bold. You also need an "end tag" to let the browser know where the instructions apply: in this example, all text between the start tag and the end tag will be bold. Write end tags inside angle brackets as well, but start with a slash after the first bracket.
- Write start tags in between angle brackets: <start tag goes here>
- Write end tags in between angle brackets, but put a slash after the first bracket: </end tag goes here>
- Keep reading to learn how to write functional markup tags. For this step, all you need to remember is the basic format they are written in: < > and </ >
- If you are using other HTML tutorials as well, you might see them refer to the tags as "elements" and the text in between start and end tags as "element content."
Every html document starts with a  tag and ends with a  tag. This tells the browser that everything between these tags is in HTML. Add these tags to your document:
- Often, HTML files are started with a <!DOCTYPE html> line that indicates that the file as a whole should be read as a HTML file by browsers. It isn't needed, but may help resolve compatibility issues.
- Write  at the top of your document.
- Hit Enter or Return several times to give yourself some space, then write
- Remember to write everything else in this tutorial in between these two tags.
In between the  and  tags, write a  start tag and a  end tag. Give yourself space to write between them. Everything in between these head tags won't actually be displayed on the page itself. Try the following and see where it shows up instead:
- In between the  and  tags, write <title> and </title>
- In between the <title> and </title> tags, write How to Learn HTML - wikiHow.
- Save the document and open it in a browser (or save the document, then refresh the browser page if it's already open.) Do you see what you wrote at the top of the browser, above the address bar?
Everything else in this beginner document will go in a body section, which actually gets displayed on the web page. After the  end tag, but before the  tag, write  and . For the rest of this tutorial, everything you write will go in between these body tags. You should now have a document that looks like this:

<title>How to Learn HTML - wikiHow</title>

Now it's time to write something you can actually see in your browser! Anything you write within the body tags will show up in your browser after you save the HTML document and refresh the browser page. Don't write anything with the < or > symbols, however, since your browser will try to interpret it as an HTML instruction instead of normal text. Try writing Hello world! (or anything else you like), then add these new tags around it and see what happens each time:
Hello World!
will show up as "emphasized text." Hello World!Hello World!
will show up as "strong text." Hello World!<s>Hello World!</s>
will show up with a strikethrough.Hello World!Hello World!
will show up as superscript. Hello World!Hello World!
will show up as subscript. Hello World!- Try combinations of these: What does
Hello world!
look like?
If you try to write several lines of text in your HTML document, you might notice that the line breaks don't show up in your browser. You have to code these in yourself:

This is a separate paragraph.

This sentence is followed by a line break.

 before the sentence begins.This is the first tag you've seen that doesn't need an end tag! These are called "empty tags."
- Make headings to display the names of sections:

header text

: the largest header

header text

: the 2nd level header

header text

: the 3rd level header

header text

: the 4th level header

header text

: the smallest header
There are several different ways to write lists on your webpage. Try out the following types of code and see which one you like. Note that one pair of tags goes around the whole list (such as the
 and
 tags for "unordered list"), while individual items on the list are surrounded by another pair of tags, such as
 and
.
Use this code to make bulleted lists:
Or this code to make numbered lists:

Item 1

Item 2

Item 3

Or this code to make a list defining terms:

Coffee

- Hot Beverage

Leite

- Cold Beverage

One item

Another item

Another item

Now it's time to try adding things besides text to your page. Try out the following tags, or click the links for more information. You'll need to use an online image hosting service so you have a URL to link to in the image tag:
Insert a Line in HTML:

 or

Add images:

You can also use this code to link to other pages and websites, but for now, since you may not have a web site yet, we'll focus on "anchors," or specific places on the page that you can link to:
First make an anchor with the  tag at the point on the page that you want to link to. Name it something descriptive and easy to remember.:
This is the text you put the anchor around.
Use the <href> to link to those anchors or to another webpage:
Write the text or image that will be displayed as a link here.
- To link to an anchor on a different web page, add the # sign after the URL, followed by the name of the anchor.
- All documentation in this page is taken from wikiHow. Click link How to Learn HTML for additional information


public class Device
extends java.lang.Object
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
Device()
Creates a new Device.
|
Device(int usage,
Device device)
Creates a new Device given the device's usage and another Device object.
|
Device(int id,
java.lang.String description,
java.lang.String owner,
int usage,
int priority)
Creates a new Device given the device's id, description, owner, usage, and priority level.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
java.lang.String |
getDeviceDescription() |
int |
getDeviceId() |
java.lang.String |
getDeviceOwner() |
int |
getDeviceUsage() |
int |
getPriority() |
void |
setDeviceDescription(java.lang.String description) |
void |
setDeviceId(int id)
Sets the device's id.
|
void |
setDeviceOwner(java.lang.String owner) |
void |
setDeviceUsage(int usage)
Sets the device's usage.
|
void |
setPriority(int priority)
Sets the device's priority level.
|
java.lang.String |
toSqlEntry() |
java.lang.String |
toString() |
public Device()
The device's id, usage, and priority level are randomly generated. The device's description defaults to "Appliance" and its owner defaults to "Someone".
public Device(int id, java.lang.String description, java.lang.String owner, int usage, int priority)
id
- device's iddescription
- device's descriptionowner
- device's ownerusage
- device's usagepriority
- device's priority levelpublic Device(int usage, Device device)
usage
- device's usagedevice
- a devicepublic int getDeviceId()
public void setDeviceId(int id)
id
- device's idpublic java.lang.String getDeviceDescription()
public void setDeviceDescription(java.lang.String description)
public java.lang.String getDeviceOwner()
public void setDeviceOwner(java.lang.String owner)
public int getDeviceUsage()
public void setDeviceUsage(int usage)
usage
- device's usagepublic int getPriority()
public void setPriority(int priority)
priority
- device's priority levelpublic java.lang.String toSqlEntry()
public java.lang.String toString()
toString
in class java.lang.Object


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 HTML is the ingredients, flour, milk and eggs etc. CSS is the decoration, the icing, candles, or even the way you cut it. The DOM is the recipe, the correct way to put the ingredients and decoration together to produce the desired result.
Everything on a webpage is inside a box. You can break a design down into boxes to better understand how a webpage fits together. Boxifying design makes it easy to see how to structure your HTML
The Box Model relates to the sizing of boxes on a webpage, which can include the box content, padding, border and margin. This can get quite tricky, because if you set the size you want the content to be, without taking the padding and border into account you can get boxes that overflow into each other. A way to avoid this is to use border-box, which means the box remains the same size. If you increase the border size the padding and content will readjust their size, rather than the box.


The paper explores knowledge distillation (KD) from the perspective of transferring knowledge between 2 networks of identical capacity.
This is in contrast to much of the previous work in KD which has focused on transferring knowledge from a larger network to a smaller network.
The paper reports that these Born Again Networks (BANs) outperform their teachers by significant margins in many cases.
The paper augments this setting with an extra cross-entropy loss between the output of the teacher and the student networks. The student tried to predict the correct answer while matching the output distribution of the teacher.
The resulting student network is referred to as BAN - Born Again Network.
The same approach can be used multiple times (with diminishing returns) where the kth generation student is initialized by knowledge transfer from (k-1)th generation student.
Hinton et al suggested that even when the output of the teacher network is incorrect, it contains useful information about the similarity between the output classes. This information is referred to as the “dark knowledge”.
The current paper observed that the gradient of the correct output dimension during distillation and normal supervised training resembles the original gradient up to a weight factor. This sample specific weight is defined by the value of the teacher’s max output.
This suggests distillation may be performing some kind of importance weighing. To explore this further, the paper considers 2 cases:
Confidence Weighted By Teacher Max (CWTM) - where each example in the student’s loss function is weighted by the confidence that the teacher has on the prediction for that sample. The student incurs a higher loss if the teacher was more confident about the example.
Dark Knowledge with Permuted Predictions (DKPP) - The non-argmax output of teacher’s predictive distribution are permuted thus destroying the information about which output classes are related.
The key effect of these variations is that the covariance between the output classes is lost and classical knowledge distillation would not be sufficient to explain improvements (if any).


Grab the opportunity
Introduction
For the last few weeks I have been pondering over this month's topic of the Ministry of Testing blogging club (What’s the best career advice you’ve ever had?), and wondering if I can write something meaningful about that.
It was only after I went to bed one night and I couldn't immediately catch sleep, that it suddenly dawned on me the best advice I got was when I was still studying.
One lecturer (can't remember who) of my studies in The Netherlands gave this little piece of wisdom: grab the opportunity.
Looking back at my career so far it has been the advice I have followed and lived by a lot; often more unknowingly than not...
Study
As said, the advice to to grab the opportunity was given by a lecturer while I was studying at the HEAO in Breda.
But I can't remember who. There was another tutor however, called Ferrie Veen, and I always enjoyed his lectures. Probably because of his approach to teaching, which I really liked.
One of the assignments he gave us was to compare yourself with an object and use that in a job application letter. I wrote a whole letter around a paperclip; the gist of it:
- Uncomplicated
- Being flexible
- Versatile
But more on that later...
The last part of the study was a student placement at a company for half a year, and work on a pre-defined practical assignment. That went quite successful for me and as a result I was offered a job at that company after my graduation. The first opportunity on my career path I grabbed. I landed a job without having to use my paperclip application letter, yet ...
Applying for my first job
Even before I started that job, the company went bust and I still had to go in search for a job. Looking back I could have seen it coming, but I was young and a bit naive (lesson learned).
Luck had it that, around the same time, a local bank where I lived was hiring for a role that matched my qualifications. I immediately grabbed the opportunity to go to that bank and asked for the manager who was hiring, so I could introduce myself. Of course I still had to write an official application, which I did. And yes, I did use the paperclip analogy. I did get the job and I worked there for 2 1/2 years.
Moving town
After my then partner graduated, she got a job at a tourist office, in a completely different part of the country. This meant We had to move and I had to look for a new job. Got rejected a few times on jobs I applied for locally, which was of course dissapointing.
A friend of my kept telling about his work and that they were always looking for colleagues to join their team. But that was a 2 hour commute one way. I still applied though and was offered a job. And by coincidence at the same time I got offered a job closer to home. After much deliberation I decided to take the offer further from home.  In the 6 1/2 years I worked there I had many opportunities to:
- Work on great projects for different clients in a wide variety of industries
- Share knowledge with colleagues as a trainer
- Get to know lots of people with whom some of them I am still in touch with
Moving abroad
After our first child was born, something had to change in my work situation. I was away still a lot for work. And as a result of that, I only saw my son during the week when he was asleep. Weighing the options, we decided to take the opportunity to settle ourselves abroad and start a Bed & Breakfast in Scotland. Something we often talked about. As financial support it was wise to still have a steady income, so I went in search for a job. I had the luck that a software company in Aberdeen was hiring for a role that suited me perfectly. I applied, had a telephone interview, flew out for a face to face interview, and soon after an offer was made. I willingly accepted, and so we packed our stuff and moved across the pond.
In that company, I started as the first tester in a team of 12 developers. Over the years, I built up a structured testing discipline and culture. In the 12 years at that company I've grabbed many opportunities to grow mysself. By the time I left that company, a team of 15 test engineers was in place which I was in charge of.
Regarding my B&B adventures, I can tell many a story about that. But I will leave that for another day.
Redundancy
It was not my plan to leave the company yet, as there still were so much more opportunities to be grabbed. But beacause of a organisational restructure I was made redundant.
I knew there weren't many job opportunities close by. So I had to look further afield for my next gig, and needed to be aware that it probably would take a bit longer to be back in fulltine work. Then, a week into me sitting at home, a friend pointed out that a local whisky distillery was looking for a tour guide. Well, that was an opportunity I couldn't let pass. I showed my interest and soon I was showing tourists around Scotland's most beautiful distillery, while I still kept applying for jobs.
Luckily it didn't take too long to be made a new offer for a job. But it meant I was working away from home again ...
Current day
Have been in my current job for almost 3 years now, and it already has given me lots of new opportunities:
- The opportunity to work on medical devices. Something I haven't done yet in my 20+ year career.
- The opportunity to get my hands dirty again. Not being in a managerial role and doing actual testing.
- The opportunity to work with hard- and software. A whole new dimension and things to take into consideration.
- The opportunity to get into public speaking. A manager that encourages to submit papers for conferences.
- The opportunity to get more involved with the testing community. A Ministry of Testing Meetup closer by.
- The opportunity to make changes to the organisation. Bringing in 20+ years of experience.
- The opportunity to build a Community of Practice. Finding likeminded colleagues.
- ...
In conclusion
In your career, there are many things coming on your path you can't foresee, and not always have influence on. You can steer your career a lot yourself, but sometimes you need to look for opportunities, grab them, and help that get you further.
lets see what's the next opportunity ...


I'm a complete novice when it comes to JavaScript and I'm at the stage where I'm still frequently being tripped over by the idiosyncracies of this computing language. Over time I am certain that I will become more familiar with its grammar, syntax and volcabulary of keywords.
Parentheses are written as () in JavaScript.
They have three major uses in JavaScript with:
In JavaScript, Function Calls are used to call a function which is a block of computer code again and again from inside a programme. The function with its accompanying () perenthese will be assigned a name by the coder who will then be able to call it from anywhere with the programme. The () parentheses may sometimes be empty but often they'll contain arguments - values that will be feed into the function.
In JavaScript, Conditional Statements are used to control the flow of a programme. These consists of "if", "elseif" and "else" statements. The condition componet of these commands will be contained within the () parentheses.
In JavaScript, Order of Operations that's mathematically operations can be overridden by the applications of () parentheses. i.e. ((1+2)*3) is not equivalent to (1+2*3).
Brackets are written as [] in JavaScript.
The primary use of [] brackets in JavaScript is for access data objects. Data objects can be thought of as containers with data inside of them. These are typically in the form of lists or arrays in the common parlence.
Given an array of var myArray = [1,3,5,7,9], the forth number in the list can be accessed through myArray[3], remembering the first number, (or element) in the array has an index of [0].
Braces are written as {} in JavaScript.
The two principle uses of {} braces in JavaScript are for containing object literals at the point of their declaration and to act as benign placeholders for blocks of code to make the code more readable.
There are no hard and set rules around the use of single quotes '' and double quotes "" in JavaScript.
THowever, it is important to be your consistent with them when coding in JavaScript, just as you would be when writing in English.


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HELP US TO HELP YOU |
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IF YOUR POST ISN'T VISIBLE IMMEDIATELY, PLEASE DON'T DOUBLE POST |
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assistance with the setting up of a PV monitoring system |
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PV monitor voltage on inverter (over voltage also) and compare with optimised grid voltage stopping inverter going over voltage |
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For sale: $75 for Two Magnelab Split-Core AC Current Sensors (model SCT-1250-000, with No Burden Resistor) |
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WTD: Technical person to set up....(Ireland) |
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How to make PCB Layout On EasyEDA? |
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ask for possible cooperation |
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For Sale: Four Magnelab SCT-1250 600A CTs |
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2x RFM12Pi base station board for sale |
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For Sale: Hardware for Energy and indoor air quality monitoring (GPRS modem) |
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WANTED Wireless water metering and water preasure monitoring |
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3 years 13 weeks ago by Guest |
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Configure EmonTx for High Current Measurements |
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1 year 17 weeks ago by thamir_a |
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For Sale : 2 x TSL257 optical pulse sensing sensors |
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No Qualifications / Professional Experience Necessary |
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Monitoring System Wanted |
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Thoughts on new propane monitoring device |
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2 years 17 weeks ago by ethan_b |
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All the Kit for a Full Solar Monitoring Setup For Sale |
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Installing in London |
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Postage Cost Only - Onzo, Wireless Electricity Monitor |
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Postage Cost Only - Electrisave CM113A, Wireless Electricity Monitor |
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Domestic Electricity and Temperature Monitoring Service - North West Scotland |
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Help Required!! |
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AC supply / AC voltage monitor box / board |
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Spare SCT-013-000 for sale (now SOLD) |
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Who can build an energy monitoring system for a Swiss distributed grid storage demonstration project? |
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Emoncms setup services needed |
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SOLD - 2 x OpenKontrolGateway Wiznet 810 W5200 Etherent modules £10 (Retail £25) |
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2 years 33 weeks ago by glyn.hudson |
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OpenEnergyMonitor - Order #3824 |
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3 years 16 weeks ago by glyn.hudson |
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order |
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PCB designer wanted |
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UK - System Set-Up Services Required |
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2 years 21 weeks ago by shanelongukep |
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For Sale: Air Quality Egg Shield & Nanode SMT |
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3 years 12 weeks ago by markp |
3 years 9 weeks ago by robw |
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wireless electricity monitor sale |
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For Sale. Rpi to emontx interface. Direct connection. |
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For Sale: Heatsinks for Mk2 PV Router |
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track num |
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WTB Solar Monitoring System |
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1 year 27 weeks ago by Bill Thomson |
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For Sale: 20pcs Non-invasive AC current sensor SCT-013-020 0-20A Split Core Current Transformer |
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2 years 10 weeks ago by Robert Wall |
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RFM12Pi bare board availability |
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Ebay bits and bobs for same |
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Emon package : complet pack for starting at sell |
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3 years 4 days ago by lunarok |
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24 kWh lithium battery for sale - [SOLD] |
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1 year 26 weeks ago by glyndwr |
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a few boards for sale (SOLD) |
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1 year 13 weeks ago by boelle |
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Flukso Gas Probes for Elster BK-G4/BK-G6 and the Actaris G4RF1 gas meters |
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1 year 39 weeks ago by glyn.hudson |
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GivMon might get CE marked - Boards ordered |
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emonTx v3 + accessories for sale |
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1 year 38 weeks ago by terryb |
1 year 27 weeks ago by Yukimura Sanada |
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20gB free cloud space |
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EnergyCam - OCR Meter Reading Camera |
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2 years 22 weeks ago by stevenma |
1 year 23 weeks ago by mpruessmeier |


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Since I can recall I have always had an affinity towards computers and software development. My passion in life is for software development in my studies, in my work, and in my hobbies..... I live to code.
Currently I am finishing up my Bachelors in Computer Science from the University of Central Florida with graduation in December 2016.
Skills included Java EE, Android, Ruby on Rails, WordPress , Angular, and More Development