Christmas gifts for men 2019: Guide to the best present ideas for him this year
by Precious AdesinaWhile you can never go wrong with a good sock or tie when buying Christmas gifts for men, make 2019 the year you surprise him by gifting something a little different. Your present doesn't have to be extravagant (it's the thought that counts after all) just different enough that he'll know you put some thought into it.
But getting the perfect present is no easy task when it comes to treating your boyfriend, husband, father or son - which is why we're providing you with ample inspiration. This extensive list of Christmas gifts for men includes everything from ethically conscious clothing and wardrobe staples to whiskey and mountain climbing experience days.
If you're feeling creative this year, you could always try your hand at a homemade gift too?
Though, if he does love receiving typical (but very useful) items, such as socks, briefs or razors, then our round-up of the best Christmas gifts for men has got those options covered. Sometimes practicality is the way forward. Enjoy.
Fashionable gift ideas for stylish men
1. Herno Laminar Slim-Fit GORE-TEX Down Jacket
A smart man needs a smart coat and this slim-fit style will ensure he looks good while staying warm. It's made with a GORE-TEX® membrane that's breathable while also both windproof and waterproof.
2. Mr P. Slim-Fit Merino Wool Rollneck Sweater
Style and comfort don't have to be disparate with this charcoal woolly jumper. This roll-neck will keep him nice and warm while also ensuring he's in vogue.
3. Levi's 502 Regular Tapered Jeans, Cedar Medium Blue
Denim jeans are a wardrobe staple and these made with authentic materials are designed to fit well while leaving enough room for comfort around the thighs. Levi's have been around for what feels like forever and that's clearly for a reason.
4. GANT Regular Twill Chino Trousers, Grey
The great thing about these GANT chinos is that they will never go out of fashion. Much like everything GANT has to offer, these preppy trousers are timeless.
5. Sunspel Men's Pima Piqué Camp Collar Shirt in Dark Petrol
This dark petrol colour is ideal for a casual weekend winter look. It'll look great with well fitting jeans and a pair of box fresh trainers.
6. Veja Campo Suede-Trimmed Leather Sneakers
Veja trainers are both stylish and ethical. What more can you ask for? Not only does Veja use environmentally friendly materials, but its production is designed to support local communities in Brazil.
7. Zara plain scarf with fringing, mustard
A yellow scarf will brighten him up on a dark wintry day but if you think he'll balk at such a pop of colour don't worry, this scarf comes in more muted shades. Though maybe the mustard is what he doesn't realise he needs to spice up his wardrobe.
8. Sandqvist 'Fred' leather card holder
Slimline, understated and practical? How can he fail to like this great little card holder? Maybe now he'll get rid of that Velcro wallet he's had for 15 years.
9. GANT New Twill Cap
Whether he's going for the sporty look or a casual Sunday, this cap will be the perfect accessory and add a bit of colour to his life.
10. ICE 'Forever' watch, black
Who needs a Rolex when you can rock this statement watch instead? It also comes in white, blue, green, yellow, orange, turquoise, yellow, red, purple, pink... the list is endless.
11. Ray-Ban Erica RB4171, Tortoise; Gunmetal
Ray-Bans work with any look, which is why they never seem to go out of style. Why not mix it up by trying tortoise shell frames rather than the black ones we've all grown so accustomed to.
Gift experiences fit for Christmas Day
1. Extreme assault course
Yes, this really is considered a present. With a 500 foot zipwire and a nine foot vertical wall climb, he can test his limits for 'fun'. You might also want to book something a little more relaxing for after.
2. Sports Car Treasure Hunt for Two
Any car obsessed gents will love the fact they can drive six different classic sports cars on this all-day treasure hunt around the Hertfordshire countryside. If makes and models like an E-Type Jaguar, a TVR Griffith, a Porsche 911 Targa and an Aston Martin DB7 mean something to him, then this is the Christmas gift of his dreams.
3. James Bond walking tour of London for two
Relive some of the most iconic moments from the world of 007 in London. You'll learn about the real British secret service as well as the filming process of your favourite James Bond movies.
4. Mountain Climbing Experience
Ben Nevis in Fort William is the highest mountain in Great Britain. So, of course the only logical thing to do is to climb it. Just think of the views!
5. East London craft beer tour for two
If the man in your life is always going on about IPAs and craft beer then he'll love this relaxed tour of East London's finest pubs, bottle shops and breweries. And since this is a gift for two, maybe you could tag along too!
6. Indoor Surfing For Two
Does he dream of going surfing, but the cold sea puts him off? Then book him in for indoor surfing complete with a expert guidance. It's the next best thing.
Read our round-up of the best experience day gifts for even more inspiration.
The best boozy Christmas gifts
1. Marks & Spencer The Connoisseur Gin Mixing Gift Set
A gin loving gent will get a kick out of mixing his own spiced cocktails. It even comes with a jigger and a stirrer so he'll feel like a pro. No we don't know what a jigger is either.
2. Domecq Traditional Ham and Red Wine Hamper
Wine and ham is the perfect combination. The hamper contains two packs of sliced Iberico Bellota ham, two packs of Iberico Bellota loin, one Iberico chorizo and one bottle of red wine.
3. BeerBods Gift Subscription
£36 for 12 weeks; £70 for 24 weeks; £135 for 48 weeks, BeerBods
Buy a subscription to BeerBods and the beer lover in your life will receive the best beers from small, independent breweries around the world, straight to their door. They’ll also receive an email every week telling them the backstory behind that week's beer.
4. Johnnie Walker Blue Label Whiskey, 20cl
Treat him to this exclusive blend of rare and high quality whiskies. Only one in 10,000 casks is considered good enough to be Blue Label worthy so he'll savour every mouthful.
5. Wooden Crate Of London Craft Beer
£49.75, Notonthehighstreet.com
London has become a hotspot for brewing and now the joys of the capital's good craft beer can be experienced anywhere with this thoughtful gift. Make sure he doesn't drink all the tasty beverages all at once though.
6. Sheep Dip and the Feathery Blended Malt Scotch Whisky Gift Set
This gift box includes three 20cl bottles of malt Scotch whiskies perfect for anyone new to the liqueur. And, if he falls in love with one of the three, you can continue to take credit for that for years to come.
7. The Chivas Blend At Home Kit
Let him go one step further in his love of whisky with this kit by Chivas. With a selection of five whiskies, a pipette and beaker, he'll be able to create his own unique blend in the comfort of his own home.
Christmas tech gifts for the gadget-obsessed guy
1. Jabra Elite Active 65T wireless ear buds
Designed to fit snugly in your ears, the Jabra wireless buds are built for people with an active lifestyle. With a two year warranty against sweat and dust and five hours of battery life, he'll be able to listen to music, take calls and schedule his life with ease.
2. Apple Watch x Hermes Series 4
We love a collaboration and this mix of Apple technology with the heritage style of luxury label Hermès is a total winner. Perfect for a modern man with classic sensibilities.
3. Samsung Gear VR headset with controller
Let him escape into the world of virtual reality with this Samsung headset. He can explore new worlds and go to virtual parties all without leaving the house.
4. ULTIMATE EARS Boom 3 Portable Bluetooth Wireless Speaker, Lagoon Blue
Choose from an assortment of colours for a playful addition to any tech geek's collection. It's waterproof so can he can take the party to a muddy festival, the beach or just to the bathroom...
Practical pressies
1. GANT House of GANT Office Bag
A marine coloured canvas briefcase. It's got style and practicality written all over it. Is this what they mean when they say 'casual formal'?
2. Philips Series 5000 NT5171/15 Nose Ear and Detail trimmer
Want to send a subtle hint? Or a not-so-subtle one if that is your thing. This three in one trimmer could be just the thing to get him groomed and gorgeous.
3. Thumbs Up Lazy Arm tablet holder
This little gadget does just what it says on the tin. It'll clip onto most surfaces making watching a film, following a recipe or reading a book just that bit more comfortable. One of those things he never knew he needed, until you gave it to him for Christmas.
4. Harry’s Shave Plan subscription
As we all know, razors and blades are super expensive so get him signed up to this brilliant bargain shaving subscription plan and he'll never complain about buying them again.
Traditional Christmas gift ideas for men
1. Ralph Lauren Check Cotton Sleep Trousers, Red/Multi
Doesn't everyone get new pyjamas at Christmas? Don't let the men in your life miss out. The check pattern will mean he looks good even when lounging on the sofa all day.
2. Polo Ralph Lauren Terry towelling dressing gown
This dressing gown is all about keeping toasty. Just don't be surprised if you can't get him to take it off once it's the weekend.
3. Bleu de Chanel eau de parfum spray 50ml
Long gone are the days of Old Spice at Christmas. Upgrade his aftershave to Bleu de Chanel and watch him transform into a suave, sexy and enigmatic man. Or he'll just smell better, but it's a win either way.
4. Aspinal of London Classic 5oz Leather Hip Flask
This elegant hip flask can be engraved with the initials of the lucky recipient so he'll never get it mixed up with his friend's hip flask again. Has that ever actually happened we wonder...
Novelty gifts and helpful stocking fillers
1. The Telegraph Custom Gift Book
From £50, The Telegraph Bookshop
Treat them to our Custom Gift Book. Containing every front page of The Telegraph from a special date in the recipient's life, this bespoke gift is a custom-made journey back in time.
2. Sock Shop Christmas novelty socks
If he won't wear a Christmas jumper maybe you can get him in a pair of Christmas socks instead. It's worth a try.
3. Hotel Chocolat chocolate coins
Chocolate coins are a stocking essential but why not make them a bit more special this year by gifting chocolate macrons instead?
4. Barber Pro post shave cooling mask
Beauty isn't just for the girls. This sheet mask will cool, soothe and nourish his skin. So good you'll be tempted to steal it...
5. Sunspel Long Leg Stretch Cotton Trunks
Another Christmas stocking classic; underwear. But thanks to Sunspel's luxurious stretch cotton jersey these shorts are a cut above.
6. Melts: Over 50 Delicious Toasted and Grilled Sandwich Recipes by Fern Green
We'll be giving this to as many of the men in our lives as possible, if only in the hope they'll make some of these mouthwatering toasties for us.
For more inspiration on Christmas gifts for your dad, or your partner, you can see www.telegraph.co.uk/christmas for handy gift guides.
All the products mentioned in this article are selected independently by our journalists. The Telegraph makes money by adding affiliate links to some of the products.


Typedefs | |
| typedef _keytuple_ | keytuple |
| typedef enum _keytype_ | keytype |
| Possible key types. | |
Enumerations | |
| enum | _keytype_ { keytype_undef = 0, keytype_top = 1, keytype_bitpix = 2, keytype_naxis = 3, keytype_naxis1 = 11, keytype_naxis2 = 12, keytype_naxis3 = 13, keytype_naxis4 = 14, keytype_naxisi = 20, keytype_group = 30, keytype_pcount = 31, keytype_gcount = 32, keytype_extend = 33, keytype_bscale = 34, keytype_bzero = 35, keytype_tfields = 36, keytype_tbcoli = 40, keytype_tformi = 41, keytype_primary = 100, keytype_hierarch_dpr = 200, keytype_hierarch_obs = 201, keytype_hierarch_tpl = 202, keytype_hierarch_gen = 203, keytype_hierarch_tel = 204, keytype_hierarch_ins = 205, keytype_hierarch_det = 206, keytype_hierarch_log = 207, keytype_hierarch_pro = 208, keytype_hierarch = 300, keytype_history = 400, keytype_comment = 500, keytype_end = 1000 } |
Functions | |
| qfits_header * | qfits_header_new (void) |
| FITS header constructor. | |
| qfits_header * | qfits_header_default (void) |
| FITS header default constructor. | |
| void | qfits_header_add (qfits_header *hdr, const char *key, const char *val, const char *com, const char *lin) |
| Add a new card to a FITS header. | |
| void | qfits_header_add_after (qfits_header *hdr, const char *after, const char *key, const char *val, const char *com, const char *lin) |
| add a new card to a FITS header | |
| void | qfits_header_append (qfits_header *hdr, const char *key, const char *val, const char *com, const char *lin) |
| Append a new card to a FITS header. | |
| void | qfits_header_del (qfits_header *hdr, const char *key) |
| Delete a card in a FITS header. | |
| void | qfits_header_mod (qfits_header *hdr, const char *key, const char *val, const char *com) |
| Modifies a FITS card. | |
| int | qfits_header_sort (qfits_header **hdr) |
| Sort a FITS header. | |
| qfits_header * | qfits_header_copy (const qfits_header *src) |
| Copy a FITS header. | |
| void | qfits_header_destroy (qfits_header *hdr) |
| qfits_header destructor | |
| char * | qfits_header_getstr (const qfits_header *hdr, const char *key) |
| Return the value associated to a key, as a string. | |
| int | qfits_header_getitem (const qfits_header *hdr, int idx, char *key, char *val, char *com, char *lin) |
| Return the i-th key/val/com/line tuple in a header. | |
| char * | qfits_header_getcom (const qfits_header *hdr, const char *key) |
| Return the comment associated to a key, as a string. | |
| int | qfits_header_getint (const qfits_header *hdr, const char *key, int errval) |
| Return the value associated to a key, as an int. | |
| double | qfits_header_getdouble (const qfits_header *hdr, const char *key, double errval) |
| Return the value associated to a key, as a double. | |
| int | qfits_header_getboolean (const qfits_header *hdr, const char *key, int errval) |
| Return the value associated to a key, as a boolean (int). | |
| int | qfits_header_dump (const qfits_header *hdr, FILE *out) |
| Dump a FITS header to an opened file. |
|
|
|
|
|
Possible key types. This enum stores all possible types for a FITS keyword. These determine the order of appearance in a header, they are a crucial point for DICB (ESO) compatibility. This classification is internal to this module. |
|


{% load i18n modeladmin_tags %} {% if results %}
{% blocktrans with view.verbose_name_plural as name %}Sorry, there are no {{ name }} matching your search parameters.{% endblocktrans %}


mmrefpoints
is an R package that generates marine mammal population projections based on starting abundance, life history, and bycatch rates, based on the BALEEN II population dynamics model.
Stakeholders involved in the management of marine mammal bycatch in marine fisheries need tools to simulate the effects of management decisions on marine mammal populations. Population models are a key part of this process. This package contains the tools to simulate marine mammal populations and an app that shows model outputs in a user-friendly way.
This R package contains the functions used in the Marine Mammal Bycatch Impacts Exploration Tool (MMBIET), a Shiny app built by Margaret Siple, André Punt, and the Ocean Modeling Forum’s Marine Mammal Bycatch Working Group.
The functions in this package, and the Shiny app, are intended to be used in cases where data on bycatch and/or population status are sparse or unavailable.
Our target audience is stakeholders interested in projecting marine mammal populations to examine the impacts of bycatch. Those code could also be used as a teaching tool, or for anyone who is more familiar with R than FORTRAN and wants to use some components of the BALEEN II model (Punt 1999).
This package can be downloaded directly from GitHub:
::install_github("mcsiple/mmrefpoints") devtools
We would like this package to be sustainable in the long term and welcome contributions. If you encounter a bug, please leave a note on the Issues page. You can also leave comments there about additional functionality (please add the “enhancement” label to your issue). If you are interested in contributing, we direct you to the R package contribution advice from Hadley Wickham.
The functions in this package can also be accessed through the Shiny app for this project, which is located online here. The app provides an easy way to explore outcomes and print out a report with inputs and outputs.
The mmBIET Shiny app can also be accessed through the R package:
Key functions in this package:
| Function | Purpose |
|---|---|
| dynamics() | Generate a single trajectory for marine mammal population size |
| projections() | Generate several trajectories for marine mammal population size |
To create a single projection for a marine mammal population, use the dynamics()
function:
Punt, A. E. 1999. Annex R: A full description of the standard Baleen II model and some variants thereof. Division of Marine Research, CSIRO Marine Laboratories, Hobart, Australia. Available from https://duwamish.lib.washington.edu/uwnetid/illiad.dll?Action=10&Form=75&Value=1651729 (accessed August 7, 2018).
To cite this package or the MMBIET Shiny app, please use the following citation:
Margaret C. Siple, André E. Punt, Tessa B. Francis, Phil S. Hammond, Dennis Heinemann, Kristy J. Long, Jeff Moore, Maritza Sepulveda, Randall R. Reeves, Guðjón Már Sigurðsson, Gísli Víkingsson, Paul R. Wade, Rob Williams, and Alexandre N. Zerbini (t.b.d.). mmrefpoints: Projecting long-term marine mammal abundance with bycatch. R package version 1.0.0. url: https://github.com/mcsiple/mmrefpoints doi: 10.5281/zenodo.4758402


I am a hard working, modest, collaborative individual who enjoys working in teams. I have experience in dealing with people through my bar work in Ballincollig GAA. Im an active member of Ballincollig GAA in which I represent the clubs hurling and footballing teams across various different teams
The very first job that I obtained was in the second biggest pharmaceutical company in the world which is known as Merck. I got this job for my work experience in transition year in school. Through this job i learned the values of team work, co operation with others and hard work as vital components in which you need for an operation to run as successfully as possible.
I then got further experience by working for 3 years in the Ballincollig GAA Summer Cul Camps. From this job I obtained the skills of dealing with kids and learning the valued skill of patience in dealing with people and awkward sitiuations which im sure will be of value to your work place.
I then moved on to one of the jobs that i currently have to this day, which is working in the bar in Ballincollig GAA Club. I love this job as its one in which you can interact with different people while also doing your job to the best of your abillity. This job also gives me the oppurtunity to be able to learn skills such as mingling with different types of people and the skill on how to be able to serve different types of drink. This further adds to my CV as it gives employers the knowledge I have people skills
This is the second job i obtain. This job requires me to have all the skills that I have mentioned above. This job requires me to be punctual, hardworking and also be able to co operate with different members of the organisation. This experience has further improved my knowledge of working life
.| Subject | Grade |
|---|---|
| Biology | H3 |
| German | H4 |
| Business | H2 |
| Geography | H3 |
| Irish | H3 |
| Maths | O4 |
| English | H3 |
.


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This post is a quick guide to what to type in the various "Query" textboxes.
Basic Queries
The default query mode is "basic" - this means you can enter player's first or last names, or their full official name in quotes (look at the "Lineup Comparison" element to see what those official names are). For example:
- Cowan - using the last names by default makes most sense
- Jalen - eg Maryland 2019/20 has two "Smith"s but only one "Jalen" so I can use this
- "Smith, Jalen" - I'd have to use this if there were also two Jalens
The effect of leaving a text box blank depends on which text box it is:
- If it is the sole text box in a filter (lineup/on-off report), or the baseline query for on-off, then it defaults to "match all"
- Otherwise (ie "On" or "Off" query), it defaults to "match none" - ie exclude the specific lineup set from the results
You can combine different names with the following operators: AND, NOT, OR, ()s. For example:
- Cowan AND NOT Smith - only lineups with Cowan and no player with the name Smith
- NOT (Jalen AND (Scott OR Lindo)) - etc!
In the On/Off Analysis page, the "On" and "Off" queries are both combined with the baseline as
"($on) AND ($baseline)" and
"($off) AND ($baseline)", as you'd expect.
There is one "advanced" feature useable in both basic and advanced: using
{name1;name2;...}~N (name1 can be any of the three formats above), will search for "any combo but at least N" of the names inside the {}. Examples:
- {Cowan;Morsell;Ayala;Wiggins;Serrel;Hart}~4 - Any 4 of the 6 players in the list (ie Maryland's 4-guard lineup)
- Cowan AND {Morsell;Ayala;Wiggins;Serrel}~2 AND {Scott;Lindo}~1 AND Jalen - a composite query using the {} feature
Also replacing the "~" with "=" is a strict "any combo", ie will specifically exclude the listed players
not in the combo. For example,
"{Morsell;Ayala}=1" will be either but not both of Morsell and Ayala.
Advanced Queries
Under the hood, the query format is the Elasticsearch "query_string", which is documented
here [elastic.co].
Hoop-explorer gives you access to the raw format by framing the query in []. To be able to take advantage of this, you need to know all the fields you can query:
- players.id: will match either the first name, last name, or "official" full name of the player (this is the only field that is used in basic queries)
- players_in.id / players_out.id: will match on players being substituted in/out of a lineup, same format as players.id. Let me know if you find a use for this!
- date: the date on which the game was played. See below for examples on how to query against this field (or this section of the Elasticsearch docs [elastic.co])
- location_type: one of Home, Away, or Neutral
- start_min / end_min: The minute (floating point, eg 1.5 would be 90s) at which the substitutions that created/ended this lineup occurred, with 0.0 being the start of the game, 40.0 being the end of the regulation.
- opponent.team: The name of the opponent - in the NCAA PbP format, see stats.ncaa.org - or the NET rankings [ncaa.com] is probably a handy list.
- score_info.start_diff / score_info.end_diff: The score difference (positive meaning the selected team is ahead) at the start of the lineup set vs the end
(Warning: adding search terms without specifying a field [elastic.co] will probably not do what you want because of internal fields that may contain those terms.)
Some common examples:
- [players.id:(NOT (Jalen AND (Scott OR Lindo)))] - equivalent to using the basic query
- [opponent.team:Iowa AND location_type:Away] - the one away game against Iowa (not recommended if you are a Maryland fan!)
- [end_min:<=20] vs [end_min:>20] - Two queries to give you first half vs second half splits (eg put one in the "On" and one in the "Off")
- [date:{* TO 2020-01-01}] vs [date:[2020-01-01 TO *]] - Games that took place in 2019 vs 2020
- [players.id:{Morsell;Ayala;Wiggins;Serrel}~2] - the "advanced" version of the "combo" query feature described above
Things you can't currently do from within the query boxes:
- Filter on conference, or opponent efficiency (apart from where the UI supports it, of course) or any other opponent metric
Note that it is possible to construct expensive queries using the documented query syntax (particularly with regexes and wildcards - this site is a multi-user database backed by limited hardware, so please do be mindful of this!)


for your kind attention sir, I am martin Arap Moi, the son of The former president of Kenya Mr Daniel Arap Moi. I came to know you in the course of my search for a reliable And GOD fearing partner, and I decided to contact you, Because I believe you are a reputable person and I feel You can help me and my mother over this confidential matter. I count on your integrity and honesty to be able to handle this Business. My father, Mr Arap Moi, was the former president of Kenya , In East Africa, During his reign as the president , he had so many Monetary dealing with a lot of European companies in my country And out side my country, and he uses these companies as a means Of transferring funds to foreign accounts in Europe ,America and Asia., all these funds where gotten from the sales of Gold and Diamonds, Amongst the companies he registered was GOLDENBERG COMPANIES, Which he uses as front for funds deposit, he made a transfer of $56,000,000. million American Dollars. to this company which never existed, the said company has since been declared bankruptcy and liquidate, and the said funds has been deposited with a security company where it is kept from for safekeeping. For more information you can click on this website: (1) http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3338023.stm or , (2) http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3025878.stm% And as the only child of my mother who is the 6th wife to my father he has given to us as our own share, which is this funds that is with the security company.. The money is kept in one trunk box and was registered as precious substances, thus there is nobody that knows that it is money that is in the box. I am looking for somebody that is capable and willing to travel to the security company to receive the trunk box of money on behalf of my mother and I from the security company.We need a trust worthy and experience person that will help us to invest the funds in profitabe business since we have no knowledge of business and investment. as soon as you in control of the $566m, you will assist us come to your country and assist us well to buy a house where we will live. We are expecting to hear from you, please contact me on my Confidential email address<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Thanks for your anticipated co-operation , please include your Telephone/fax number on your reply. Best Regards martin Arap Moi


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---
layout: main-layout.liquid
pageTitle: OCFS - Home
---
We empower OCaml and its community
The OCaml Software Foundation is a (non-profit) foundation whose mission
is to promote, protect, and advance the OCaml programming language and its
ecosystem, and to support and facilitate the growth of a diverse and
international community of OCaml users.
We collect donations from our sponsors, companies, entities or people
interested in growing the OCaml programming language, and redistribute
these resources to grow, support and strengthen the OCaml community.
{% card "/assets/ic_internships.svg", "Internships" %}
We fund internships to advance the OCaml ecosystem and also grow new OCaml
contributors. In 2018-2019 we funded Outreachy internships to improve
our testing of the OCaml compiler and language tools, a research
internship on OCaml type inference, and development internships on
teaching platforms.
{% endcard %}
{% card "/assets/ic_learn.svg", "Learn-OCaml Platform" %}
We support the development of the Learn-OCaml
exercise platform and try to facilitate its adoption by teachers. We
provided financial support to some early-adopters of the Learn-OCaml
platform (McGill university). We are funding teachers to grow a shared
corpus of high-quality exercises. We also provided financial support to
run new editions of the OCaml MOOC, open to everyone.
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Those interested in hiring us for consulting projects should feel free to contact us on social media — either via private tweet or directly on LinkedIn. We specialize in various aspects of data science and math modeling and are also available for in-office tutorials.
Jonathan Landy (LinkedIn) grew up in the Midwest and then went to school at Caltech and UCLA. Following this, he did two postdocs, one at UCSB and one at UC Berkeley. His academic research focused primarily on applications of statistical mechanics, but his professional passion has always been in the mastering, development, and practical application of slick math methods/tools. He currently works as a data-scientist at Stitch Fix.
Damien Ramunno-Johnson (LinkedIn, Twitter) is a highly experienced researcher with a background in clinical and applied research. Like, JSL, he got his PhD at UCLA. He has many years of experience working with imaging, and has a particularly strong background in image segmentation, registration, detection, data analysis, and more recently machine learning. He now works as a data-scientist at Square in San Francisco.
Cathy Yeh got a PhD at UC Santa Barbara studying soft-matter/polymer physics. After stints in a translational modeling group at Pfizer in San Diego, Driver (a no longer extant startup trying to match cancer patients to clinical trials) in San Francisco, and Square, she is currently participating in the OpenAI Scholars program.
Dustin McIntosh (LinkedIn) got a B.S in Engineering Physics from the Colorado School of Mines (Golden, CO) before moving to UC Santa Barbara for graduate school. There he became interested in Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Polymer Physics, studying the interaction between single DNA molecules and salt ions (Google Scholar). After a brief postdoc at UC San Diego studying the physics of bacterial growth, Dustin decided to move into the data science business for good - he is now a Quantitative Analyst at Google in Mountain View.
Comments


Download Time Predictor is a wonderful website for users who want to estimate the time required for
the file to get download based on the internet speed. The user just need to mention the internet
speed and file size, Our website will calculate the approx time require for downloading the file.


| Interface and Description |
|---|
| org.apache.beam.sdk.util.IOChannelFactory
This is under redesign, see: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/BEAM-59.
|
| org.apache.beam.runners.flink.OldPerKeyCombineFnRunner |
| org.apache.beam.sdk.util.state.StateTag.StateBinder
for migration only; runners should reference the top level
StateBinder
and move towards StateSpec rather than StateTag . |
| org.apache.beam.sdk.testing.StreamingIT |
| Class and Description |
|---|
| org.apache.beam.sdk.util.AttemptAndTimeBoundedExponentialBackOff |
| org.apache.beam.sdk.util.AttemptBoundedExponentialBackOff |
| org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.Combine.SimpleCombineFn |
| org.apache.beam.runners.dataflow.DataflowRunner.StreamingPCollectionViewWriterFn |
| org.apache.beam.runners.core.DoFnAdapters
This class will go away when we start running
DoFn 's directly (using DoFnInvoker ) rather than via OldDoFn . |
| org.apache.beam.sdk.util.IntervalBoundedExponentialBackOff |
| org.apache.beam.runners.core.OldDoFn |
| org.apache.beam.runners.flink.OldPerKeyCombineFnRunners |
| org.apache.beam.sdk.util.PCollectionViews.IterablePCollectionView
Runners should not inspect the
PCollectionView subclass, as it is an
implementation detail. To specialize a side input, a runner should inspect the
language-independent metadata of the ViewFn . |
| org.apache.beam.sdk.util.PCollectionViews.ListPCollectionView
Runners should not inspect the
PCollectionView subclass, as it is an
implementation detail. To specialize a side input, a runner should inspect the
language-independent metadata of the ViewFn . |
| org.apache.beam.sdk.util.PCollectionViews.MapPCollectionView
Runners should not inspect the
PCollectionView subclass, as it is an
implementation detail. To specialize a side input, a runner should inspect the
language-independent metadata of the ViewFn . |
| org.apache.beam.sdk.util.PCollectionViews.MultimapPCollectionView
Runners should not inspect the
PCollectionView subclass, as it is an
implementation detail. To specialize a side input, a runner should inspect the
language-independent metadata of the ViewFn . |
| org.apache.beam.sdk.util.PCollectionViews.SingletonPCollectionView
Runners should not inspect the
PCollectionView subclass, as it is an
implementation detail. To specialize a side input, a runner should inspect the
language-independent metadata of the ViewFn . |
| Field and Description |
|---|
| org.apache.beam.sdk.util.AppEngineEnvironment.IS_APP_ENGINE |
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
| org.apache.beam.sdk.io.gcp.bigquery.BigQueryIO.Write.Bound()
Should be private. Instead, use one of the factory methods in
BigQueryIO.Write , such as BigQueryIO.Write.to(String) , to create an
instance of this class. |
| org.apache.beam.sdk.Pipeline(PipelineRunner<?>) |
| org.apache.beam.sdk.util.RetryHttpRequestInitializer(HttpRequestInitializer) |
| org.apache.beam.sdk.util.RetryHttpRequestInitializer(HttpRequestInitializer, Collection<Integer>) |
| org.apache.beam.sdk.util.RetryHttpRequestInitializer(HttpRequestInitializer, Collection<Integer>, HttpResponseInterceptor) |
| Enum Constant and Description |
|---|
| org.apache.beam.runners.dataflow.options.DataflowPipelineWorkerPoolOptions.AutoscalingAlgorithmType.BASIC |
Copyright © 2016–2017 The Apache Software Foundation. All rights reserved.


| 049:002 Khan | : |
O you who believe!  Lift not up your voices above the voice of the Prophet, nor shout when speaking to him as ye shout one to another, lest your works be rendered vain while ye perceive not. |
| 049:002 Rashad | : |
O you who believe, do not raise your voices above the voice of the prophet, nor shall you shout at him as you shout at each other, lest your works become nullified while you do not perceive. |
| 049:002 Sarwar | : |
Believers, do not raise your voices above the voice of the Prophet, do not be too loud in speaking to him (as you may have been to one another), lest your deeds will be made devoid of all virtue without your realizing it. |
| 049:002 Shakir | : |
O you who believe! do not raise your voices above the voice of the Prophet, and do not speak loud to him as you speak loud to one another, lest your deeds became null while you do not perceive. |
| 049:002 Sherali | : |
O ye who believe ! raise not your voices above the voice of the Prophet, nor speak loudly to him as you speak loudly to one another, lest your works come to naught while you perceive not. |
| 049:002 Yusufali | : |
O ye who believe! Raise not your voices above the voice of the Prophet, nor speak aloud to him in talk, as ye may speak aloud to one another, lest your deeds become vain and ye perceive not. |
Concepts/Themes Covered: أركان الإسلام > (محمد (صلى الله عليه وسلم > أدب المؤمنين معه Pillars of Islam> The Blessed Muhammad(PBUH)> The Believers' Manners Towards Him(PBUH) أركان الإسلام > (محمد (صلى الله عليه وسلم > مآثره وخصائصه لله Pillars of Islam> The Blessed Muhammad(PBUH)> Memorable Qualities given to Him by Allah العمل > العمل الطالح > إحباط العمل Action(Work)> Bad Deeds>Lost Deeds
This tool uses eight English parallel translations for the Holy Quran imported from Mr. Clay Smith. You can also visit Qurany Concepts for browsing the Quran themes or topics. If you want to search the Holy Quran for keywords, please visit Qurany Keywords.


sprintf.js is a complete open source JavaScript sprintf implementation for the browser and node.js.
Its prototype is simple:
string sprintf(string format , [mixed arg1 [, mixed arg2 [ ,...]]])
The placeholders in the format string are marked by %
and are followed by one or more of these elements, in this order:
$
sign that selects which argument index to use for the value. If not specified, arguments will be placed in the same order as the placeholders in the input string.+
sign that forces to preceed the result with a plus or minus sign on numeric values. By default, only the -
sign is used on negative numbers.0
or any other character precedeed by a '
(single quote). The default is to pad with spaces.-
sign, that causes sprintf to left-align the result of this placeholder. The default is to right-align the result.j
(JSON) type specifier, the padding length specifies the tab size used for indentation..
(dot) followed by a number, that says how many digits should be displayed for floating point numbers. When used with the g
type specifier, it specifies the number of significant digits. When used on a string, it causes the result to be truncated.%
— yields a literal %
characterb
— yields an integer as a binary numberc
— yields an integer as the character with that ASCII valued
or i
— yields an integer as a signed decimal numbere
— yields a float using scientific notationu
— yields an integer as an unsigned decimal numberf
— yields a float as is; see notes on precision aboveg
— yields a float as is; see notes on precision aboveo
— yields an integer as an octal numbers
— yields a string as isx
— yields an integer as a hexadecimal number (lower-case)X
— yields an integer as a hexadecimal number (upper-case)j
— yields a JavaScript object or array as a JSON encoded stringvsprintf
vsprintf
is the same as sprintf
except that it accepts an array of arguments, rather than a variable number of arguments:
vsprintf("The first 4 letters of the english alphabet are: %s, %s, %s and %s", ["a", "b", "c", "d"])
You can also swap the arguments. That is, the order of the placeholders doesn't have to match the order of the arguments. You can do that by simply indicating in the format string which arguments the placeholders refer to:
sprintf("%2$s %3$s a %1$s", "cracker", "Polly", "wants")
And, of course, you can repeat the placeholders without having to increase the number of arguments.
Format strings may contain replacement fields rather than positional placeholders. Instead of referring to a certain argument, you can now refer to a certain key within an object. Replacement fields are surrounded by rounded parentheses - (
and )
- and begin with a keyword that refers to a key:
var user = {
name: "Dolly"
}
sprintf("Hello %(name)s", user) // Hello Dolly
Keywords in replacement fields can be optionally followed by any number of keywords or indexes:
var users = [
{name: "Dolly"},
{name: "Molly"},
{name: "Polly"}
]
sprintf("Hello %(users[0].name)s, %(users[1].name)s and %(users[2].name)s", {users: users}) // Hello Dolly, Molly and Polly
Note: mixing positional and named placeholders is not (yet) supported
You can pass in a function as a dynamic value and it will be invoked (with no arguments) in order to compute the value on-the-fly.
sprintf("Current timestamp: %d", Date.now) // Current timestamp:<PHONE_NUMBER>890
sprintf("Current date and time: %s", function() { return new Date().toString() })
You can now use sprintf
and vsprintf
(also aliased as fmt
and vfmt
respectively) in your AngularJS projects. See demo/
.
bower install sprintf
npm install sprintf-js
var sprintf = require("sprintf-js").sprintf,
vsprintf = require("sprintf-js").vsprintf
sprintf("%2$s %3$s a %1$s", "cracker", "Polly", "wants")
vsprintf("The first 4 letters of the english alphabet are: %s, %s, %s and %s", ["a", "b", "c", "d"])
sprintf.js is licensed under the terms of the 3-clause BSD license.


New Artstyle Implementation Ok so I wasn't able to accomplish as much as I would have liked the last two weeks as i've been pretty busy with life stuff so this is going to be a bit of a smaller post. However... Posted on August 30, 2023
Restuctuing Code and New Artstyle During the last two weeks I managed to restructure the code based off of the new UML diagram and clean up a lot of the spaghetti code. Because of cleaning up a lot of the code, I also managed to fix some bugs surrounding the Cauldron system... Posted on August 17, 2023
Code Architecture After looking at the code for the last two weeks I think I've gotten it to the state where I'm going to start developing again. From looking at all of the scripts I've made I have some better ideas... Posted on August 1, 2023
The State of the Game and MVP I'll start off by saying that I was a little in over my head when I said that I wanted to finish the MVP this sprint. When I finally got down to detailing out everything I realized that... Posted on July 19, 2023
Cauldron and NPC Updates So I was able to get the changes into the Cauldron and NPC working faster than I thought I would. I got both tasks done within the first few days and while neither are release ready, I am happy with the progress I made on them this sprint... Posted on July 4, 2023
Art Art Art This sprint's post is going to be a bit of a smaller one as I wasn't able to work on the game a ton last week. I'm still working out the art style and... Posted on June 20, 2023
Researching Herbs and Making Potions So first off I decided to post these every two weeks instead of every week. I found that I was only halfway through the next feature when it was time to post a new update and decided it would be better to have a full feature shown... Posted on June 5, 2023
First Devblog Post! Welcome! You've stumbled upon the development blog for my 2D isometric alchemy game. Here I'll be posting weekly updates on the game as a way to both have a record of my progress as well as keep myself motivated... Posted on May 22, 2023


Cat-A-Log Item: Speaker
Speaker was our third cat. Stopping by PetSmart for cat food I wondered over to the adoption center. Speaker stood out from the rest of the cats there. I called Jenn and asked if she'd like to make a trip to Mobile, AL that weekend with the intent of bringing him home.
An aptly named cat if ever there was one, Speaker spoke frequently. Random vocalizations at high volume were common; moreso as he aged.
Speaker was one of the most affectionate cats I've ever encountered. He would sleep on your lap, your arm, or chest. He would allow you to pet or groom him for extended lengths and welcomed attention.


XBOS-DR
Home
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, click a nob to remove it and click between nobs to add one.
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All Classes
AudioPlayer
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The Basics of the Web and HTML
Note: There are times when I intentionally put spaces in the tags to make the coding visible for me on the output, as I don't know whether I will be able to see what I originally typed in html
Part 1: Basic understanding of how the internet works
Understanding of how users, computers, servers, http (web protocol) and the internet all fit together
Part 2: Use HTML tags to create simple HTML doc that a browser can display as a web page
The World Wide Web is a collection of HTML documents. HTML = HyperText Markup Language. The WWW was invented in the 1990s and has 30 billion pages. Files found on the Web can be plain text, HTML, images, videos, and music.
Major Pieces:
Your browser: When you go to a website, your browser makes request via internet to servers using protocol called http.
Server: Responds with files that your browser displays. Servers sit and host files.
HTML:
Text content/what you see
Markup/what it looks like/how it's arranged
References to other documents (images/videos)
Links to other pages
Mostly, plain text is just plain text in HTML
Test browser: www.udacity.com/html_playground
How to add a hyperlink: < a href="website name"> content< /a> with no spaces
a is anchor tag, href is an attribute name
HTML Markup: < name> contents < /name> with no spaces, where opening tag plus contents plus closing tag equals element
Exception: Void tags have no content and no end tag. Such as < br> and the tag to add an image: < img src="url" alt="text">
src is source, alt refers to "alternate," or text that displays when image doesn't load
Inline vs block
< br> is simply a line break, so it is inline, as are < b>, < em>, and < img>.
< p> is block--makes invisible block around text, sections it off. Is not a void tag--requires content and end tag
container elements--elements that contain stuff inside them (more on that later?)


Behemoth to release Tour Edition of I Loved You At Your Darkest
by https://www.facebook.com/metalhammer/New release of Behemoth’s 11th studio album will include BBC Radio 1 session and documentary - check out studio video for Wolves Ov Siberia
Behemoth have revealed that they’ll release a new version of their 11th studio album I Loved You At Your Darkest early next year.
The Tour Edition will arrive on January 10 to coincide with the start of the band’s UK and European run with Slipknot.
Along with the original album, the new version will feature a four-track BBC Radio 1 session and the previously unreleased documentary Thou Darkest Art, which was recorded as the band unveiled their art exhibition in London last year.
To mark the announcement, Behemoth have released an in-studio performance of Wolves Ov Siberia which was captured at the BBC’s Maida Vale in October last year.
The Tour Edition will also feature new, alternate artwork by Nicola Samori, with the Maida Vale EP now available to pre-order via Amazon.
 Solve
2. Wolves Ov Siberia
3. God = Dog
4. Ecclesia Diabolica Catholica
5. Bartzabel
6. If Crucifixion Was Not Enough
7. Angelus XIII
8. Sabbath Mater
9. Havohej Pantocrator
10. Rom 5:8
11. We Are The Next 1000 Years
12. Coagula
13. Wolves Ov Siberia (Radio 1 Live Session)
14. God =Dog (Radio 1 Live Session)
15. Ecclesia Diabolica Catholica (Radio 1 Live Session)
16. Bartzabel (Radio 1 Live Session)
Behemoth: Live At Maida Vale
Nergal and co will release a Tour Edition of their most recent album I Loved You At Your Darkest in January, with this digital Maida Vale EP available to order separately. View Deal


Before Printer and weighing Scale Setup, install java 7 and above version in your local machine. If machine is 64-bit then use 64-bit version java.
Navigate to login Screen. If your a Shipping User ,Click on Download QZ Tray link and install it in your Local machine for reading the weight from weighing scale.
When Shipping user logs in with their credentials, they get the alert shown in the below Screen at home page.
Internet Explorer :
Firefox :
Chrome :
Chrome Browser: Please check 'Remember my choice for all links of this type.' and click on 'Launch Application' button to hide alert window in Chrome browser to avoid displaying this dialog in future on navigating to login page.
Mozilla Firefox : Please check 'Remember my choice for qz links.' and click on 'Ok' button to hide alert window in Mozilla browser to avoid displaying this dialog in future on navigating to login page.
Internet Explorer : Please un-check 'Always ask before opening this type of address.' option and click on 'Allow' button to hide alert window in Internet Explorer browser to avoid displaying this dialog in future on navigating to login page.
♦ Navigate to shipping page which displays below dialog message.
♦ Check the message in the dialog window which should be 'Verified by QZ Industries, LLC'. This message indicates a valid certificate is installed for connecting QZ Tray.
♦ Now check 'Remember this decision' option and click on 'Allow' button to avoid displaying this dialog window in future.


TF Value-mart
within 1 mile 2 miles 5 miles 10 miles
Please enable JavaScript to view the map.
Based on Searchable Map Template by Derek Eder.


{{define "Head"}} {{ template "bootstrap-table" . }} {{end}} {{define "body"}} {{template "checkAuthentication" .}}
Discord integration for your corporation or alliance.
All executor corp directors will have access to alter the configuration.
| Service Type | Server Name | Owning Entity | Actions |
|---|


Suunto Or Garmin? The Age Old Question.
1 Note
This blog post was originally written in 2017 for a less formal personal blog with a focus on ultramarathon running, which is a hobby that I am quite passionate about. I have decided to include all of my data science related blog posts here to keep things centralised, but please excuse the more informal language used throughout.
2 Introduction
In my last post, I took a look at ways to pull data down from Twitter and analyse some specific trends. It was quite interesting for me to see how easy it is to access these data, and there is a huge amount to be gleened from these sorts of data. The idea of this post is to use a similar approach to pull data from the Ultra Running Community page on Facebook, and then to use these data to play around further with the dplyr
, tidyr
and ggplot2
R packages. Just for funsies, I’m also going to have a bit of a crack at some machine learning concepts. In particular, a question that seems to comes up pretty regularly is whether the best GPS watch for running is from Suunto or Garmin. I figured I could save us all some time and answer the question once and for all…
Just a little aside here; I think that some people missed the point last time. I honestly don’t care much about these questions, they are just a jumping off point for me to practice some of the data analysis techniques that come up in my work. The best way to get better at something is to practice, so these posts are just a way of combining something I love with a more practical purpose. The idea of this blog is for me to practice these things until they become second nature. Of course in the process, I may just find something interesting along the way.
Probably not though.
3 Rfacebook
Following on from my experiences playing around with the Twitter API, I decided to have a look to see if there were similar programmatic ways to access Facebook data. This can be accomplished using the Rfacebook package in R, which is very similar to the TwitteR
package that I used previously. This package accesses the Facebook Graph API Explorer, allowing access to a huge amount of data from the Facebook social graph.
So first of all, let’s install the Rfacebook
package. We can install the stable version from the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN):
install.packages("Rfacebook")
Or install the more up-to-date but less stable developmental version from Github:
library("devtools")
install_github("pablobarbera/Rfacebook/Rfacebook")
I am using the developmental version here. There are several additional packages that also need to be installed:
install.packages(c("httr", "rjson", "httpuv"))
As with TwitteR
, access to the API is controlled through the use of API tokens. There are two ways of doing this - either by registering as a developer and generating an app as I did with TwitteR
, or through the use of a temporary token which gives you access for a limited period of 2 hours. Let’s look at each of these in turn:
3.1 Temporary Token
To generate a temporary token, just go to the Graph API Explorer page and generate a new token by clicking on Get Token
-> Get Access Token
. You need to select the permissions that you want to grant access for, which will depend on what you are looking do:
I just granted permission to everything for this analysis. Once you have an access token, this can be used as the token
parameter when using functions such as getUsers()
.
3.2 fbOAuth
The above is the most simple method, but this access token will only last for 2 hours, at which point you will need to generate a new one. If you want a longer term solution, you can set up Open Authorization access in a similar way to for the TwitteR
package. The downside is that you lose the ability to search friend networks unless your friends are also using the app that you generate - and I don’t want to inflict that on people just so that I can steal their identity analyse their networks.
This method is almost identical to the process used for generating the OAuth tokens in the TwitteR
app, and a good description of how to do it can be found in this blog post.
However, I am feeling pretty lazy today and so I will just use the temporary method.
4 Ultra Running Community
With nearly 18,000 members, the Ultra Running Community Facebook page is a very active community of ultrarunners from around the world. Runners are able to ask questions, share blogs, and generally speak with like-minded individuals about everything from gear selection to how best to prevent chaffing when running. It’s been going since June 2012, so there are a fair few posts available to look through.
So let’s load in all of the posts from the URC page:
library("Rfacebook")
token <- "XXXXXX" ## Insert your temporary token from Graph API Explorer
URC <- getGroup("259647654139161", token, n=50000)
This command will create an object of class data.frame
containing the most recent 50,000 posts available in the Facebook Group with ID<PHONE_NUMBER>39161
(which is the internal ID for the Ultra Running Community page). The page was set up in June 2012 By Neil Bryant, and currently (as of 20th March 2017) contains a total of 24,836 posts. So this command will actually capture every single post.
The data.frame
is somewhat of the workhorse of R, and looks to the user like a spreadsheet like you would expect to see in Excel. Behind the scene it is actually a list of lists, with each column representing a particular measurement or descriptive annotation of that particular datum. The ideal situation is to design your data frame such that every row is an individual measurement, and every column is some aspect relating to that measurement. This can sometimes go against the instinctual way that you might store data, but makes downstream analyses much simpler.
As an example, suppose that you were measuring something (blood glucose levels, weight, lung capacity, VO2 max, etc.) at three times of the day for 2 individuals. Your natural inclination may be to design your table in this way:
| Sample | Measurement 1 | Measurement 2 | Measurement 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sample1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
| Sample2 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
But actually the optimum way to represent this is to treat each measurement as a different row in your data table, and use a descriptive categorical variable to represent the repeated measurements:
| Sample | Measurement | Replicate |
|---|---|---|
| Sample1 | 0.3 | 1 |
| Sample1 | 0.4 | 2 |
| Sample1 | 0.3 | 3 |
| Sample2 | 0.6 | 1 |
| Sample2 | 0.6 | 2 |
| Sample2 | 0.7 | 3 |
You can then add additional information relating to each individual measurement, which can be factored into your model down the line.
In this case, we have a data frame where each row is a post on the URC feed, and each column gives you information on the post such as who wrote it, what the post says, when it was written, any links involved, and how many likes, comments and shares each post has. We can take a quick look at what the data.frame looks like by using the str()
function. This will tell us a little about each column, such as the data format (character, numeric, logical, factor, etc.) and the first few entries in each column:
str(URC)
## 'data.frame': 24836 obs. of 11 variables:
## $ from_id : chr "10203232759527000" "10154582131480554" "10206266800967107" "10153499987966664" ...
## $ from_name : chr "Steph Wade" "Esther Bramley" "Tom Chapman" "Polat Dede" ...
## $ message : chr "Anyone who runs in Speedcross 3s tried Sportiva? I've had several pairs of Speedcross but thinking about tryin"| __truncated__ "Hi guys server pain in knee two weeks after 41miler. Ran 3 miles Tuesday no problem. Pain started at 5m and got"| __truncated__ "mega depressed; need advice. Running really well over xmas, since then, painful hip & groin, chasing itb, glute"| __truncated__ NA ...
## $ created_time : chr "2017-03-19T08:38:15+0000" "2017-03-18T12:19:26+0000" "2017-03-18T16:30:54+0000" "2017-03-19T08:42:38+0000" ...
## $ type : chr "status" "status" "status" "photo" ...
## $ link : chr NA NA NA "https://www.facebook.com/tahtaliruntosky/photos/a.659614340816057.1073741827.659609490816542/1145262965584523/?type=3" ...
## $ id : chr "259647654139161_1064067560363829" "259647654139161_1063418100428775" "259647654139161_1063562803747638" "259647654139161_1064068937030358" ...
## $ story : logi NA NA NA NA NA NA ...
## $ likes_count : num 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 58 7 1 ...
## $ comments_count: num 5 23 9 0 25 9 4 64 77 12 ...
## $ shares_count : num 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 ...
6 Top Contributors
Let’s take a look at the all-time most common contributors to the page, again using the ggplot2
package:
top_contributors <- URC %>%
count(from_name) %>%
top_n(50, n) %>%
arrange(desc(n))
ggplot(top_contributors,
aes(x = factor(from_name, levels = top_contributors$from_name),
y = n,
fill = n)) +
geom_bar(stat = "identity") +
scale_fill_gradient(low="blue", high="red") +
labs(x = "", y = "Number of Posts") +
theme(axis.title = element_text(size = 18),
axis.text.x = element_text(size = 12, angle = 45, hjust = 1),
axis.text.y = element_text(size = 14),
legend.position = "none")
Here I have first used dplyr
to count up the number of posts per user and select the top 50 contributors, then used ggplot2
to plot a barplot showing the number of posts per person. I have used the scale_fill_gradient()
element to colour the bars based on their height, such that those with the highest number of posts are coloured red, whilst those with the lowest are coloured blue.
The top contributor to the page is Neil Bryant (757 posts), who is the founder member so this makes sense. James Adams is the second biggest contributor (489 posts), and he has less of an excuse really.
Let’s take a look at James’ posting habits:
library("xts")
jamesadams <- URC %>%
filter(from_name == "James Adams") %>%
mutate(created_time = as.POSIXct(created_time)) %>%
count(created_time)
jamesadams_xts <- xts(jamesadams$n, order.by = jamesadams$created_time)
jamesadams_month <- apply.monthly(jamesadams_xts, FUN = sum)
plot(jamesadams_month, ylab = "Number of Posts", main = "", cex.lab = 1.7, cex.axis = 1.4)
Here I have used the package xts
to deal with the POSIXct
date format. In particular this will deal correctly with months with zero counts. James has been pretty active since summer 2013 (probably publicising his book), but his activity has been on the decline throughout 2016 – the price you pay when your family size doubles I guess.
7 When are people posting?
Next we can break the posts down by the day on which they are posted:
URC <- URC %>%
mutate(dow = factor(weekdays(as.POSIXct(created_time)), labels = c("Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday", "Sunday")))
post_day <- URC %>%
count(dow)
ggplot(post_day, aes(x = dow, y = n, fill = dow)) +
geom_bar(stat = "identity") +
labs(x = "", y = "Number of Posts") +
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(size = 20, angle = 45, hjust = 1),
axis.text.y = element_text(size = 16),
axis.title = element_text(size = 20),
legend.position = "none")
Similarly to previously, here I have used dplyr
to reduce the full data down to a table of counts of posts per day of the week, then plotted them using ggplot2
. Surprisingly (to me anyway) there is no increase in activity during the weekend. I guess most of us are checking Facebook during working hours and busy running at the weekend…
Wednesdays are interestingly bereft of posts though for some reason. Could this be people checking URC at work on Monday and Tuesday through boredom, only to find themselves told off and having to catch up on work by Wedesday? Then by the time the weekend rolls around we’re all back liking away with impunity ready to go through the whole process again the next week.
Let’s look at the same plot for the 1,000 most popular posts (based on likes):
post_day <- URC %>%
top_n(1000, likes_count) %>%
count(dow)
ggplot(post_day, aes(x = dow, y = n, fill = dow)) +
geom_bar(stat = "identity") +
labs(x = "", y = "Number of Posts") +
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(size = 20, angle = 45, hjust = 1),
axis.text.y = element_text(size = 16),
axis.title = element_text(size = 20),
legend.position = "none")
So from this it is clear that if you want people to like your post, you should post on a Tuesday or a Thursday. Quite why people might be feeling so much more likely to click that all important like button on these dayas, I have no idea. But hey, stats don’t lie.
8 Most Popular Posts
So looking at the popular posts above got me thinking about how best to actually define a “popular” post. Is it a post with a lot of likes, or a post that everybody is commenting on? Let’s take a look at the top 5 posts based on each criteria:
print.AsIs(URC %>% arrange(desc(likes_count)) %>% top_n(5, likes_count) %>% select(message))
message
1 Thinking how far I’ve come and getting a bit emotional. .3 year ago i was a size 20/22 and couldnt run to end of the street. Yesterday i ran 30 mile as a training run and wasn’t even aching afterwards. Now nearly 45 and a size 10 and never felt better. I love my life!!!! 2 I saw this picture couple years ago and I found it very inspiring so I thought I’d share it. is a 12-year-old childhood cancer survivor who loves to run with his dad. 3 Not sure if swear words are accepted.<PHONE_NUMBER>82 4 “What you doing up here?” said the sheep.Pike last night, not a soul to be seen… 5 0880
print.AsIs(URC %>% arrange(desc(comments_count)) %>% top_n(5, comments_count) %>% select(message))
message
1 For me claiming something you haven’t earned is not only immoral it’s fraudulent.  What do you guys think? 2 Anyone else do race to the stones and found it a rip off? I was not impressed with most things. were good such as medics and lots of water but who wants fudge bars and cadburies at aid stations. like a money making race to me, especially considering all the sponsorship they had. ’ve got lots of other rants about it but let’s hear anyone else’s thoughts first 3 New Game.am trying to convince some new ultra runners that you do not need to spend a load of money on kit to put one foot in front of the other a few more times. This is difficult given that half the posts in forums seems to be asking for recommendations or giving recommendations as to how one might waste money on kit.out of interest, what was the value of the kit you wore in your last ultra? Including nutrition. Obviously you will have to guess if you had them as a gift or can’t remember. Surely someone is going to have less than £100? 4 I had a small sabre rattling session last night with someone on this group. Nothing major by any stretch of the imagination - we just have opposing views on DNF. But it got me curios to what the opinions of others are on this subject. Is failing to finish something that you would risk your life to avoid? Is it something to fear? Is it something that will eventually happen to us all? Is it something that we can learn from? Etc,etc. Your thoughts please 5 i cannot wait to watch the EPSN footage - amazing stuff. It is a shame Robert has his doubters though.: was described as “trolling”, which was an over the top description (agree with the comments there)
It seems to me that the posts with more likes tend to be posts with a much more positive message than those with most comments. The top liked posts are those from people who have overcome some form of adversity (such as the top liked post with 1,369 likes from Mandy Norris who had awesomely run 30 miles after losing half her body weight), whilst the top commented posts tend to be more controversial posts (such as the top commented post with 287 comments about Mark Vaz’s fraudulent JOGLE “World Record”).
Let’s take a look at how closely these two poularity measures are correlated in the Ultra Running Community:
ggplot(URC, aes(x = comments_count, y = likes_count)) +
geom_point(shape = 19, alpha = 0.2, size = 5) +
geom_smooth(method = "lm", se = TRUE) +
geom_point(data = URC %>% top_n(5, comments_count), aes(x = comments_count, y = likes_count, color = "red", size = 5)) +
geom_point(data = URC %>% top_n(5, likes_count), aes(x = comments_count, y = likes_count, color = "blue", size = 5)) +
labs(x = "Number of Comments", y = "Number of Likes") +
theme(axis.text = element_text(size = 16),
axis.title = element_text(size = 20),
legend.position = "none")
Here we are plotting a correlation scatterplot between the number of likes and the number of comments for each post. I have a set an alpha value of 0.2 for the scatterplot so that the individual points are made more see-through. That way, overplotting can be seen by darker coloured plots. I have also added in a line of best fit generated by fitting a linear model (method= lm
), together with an estimate of the standard error shown by the grey surrounding of the blue line (se = TRUE
). Finally I have highlighted the top 5 commented posts in blue, and the top 5 liked posts in red.
It is pretty clear from this plot that there is virtually no correlation between the number of comments and the number of likes, particularly for those with more likes or comments. In general the posts with more likes do not have the most comments (and vice versa), suggesting that in general we like the nice posts, but comment on the ones that upset us. In fact, it looks as if Mandy’s post is the only exception, with both the highest number of likes but also a high number of comments (220).
We can calculate the correlation between these measures, which is a measure of the linear relationship between two variables. A value of 1 indicates that they are entirely dependent on one another, whilst a value of 0 indicates that the two are entirely independent of one another. A value of -1 indicates an inverse depdnedancy, such that an increase in one variable is associated with a similar decrease in the other variable. Given the difference in the scales between likes and comments, I will use the Spearman correlation, which looks at correlation between the ranks of the data and therefore ensures that each unit increment is 1 for both variables meaning that it is robust to outliers. The Spearman correlation between these two variables is 0.27
, so there is virtually no correlation between likes and comments.
9 How Often Do People Actually Talk About Ultras?
It seems recently that there is more talk of charlatans and frauds than races, and a lot of people have commented on the fact that there seems to be less and less actual discussion of ultras recently. So let’s see if this is the case, by tracking how often the term ultra is actually used over time:
ultraposts <- URC %>%
filter(str_detect(message, "ultra")) %>%
mutate(created_time = as.POSIXct(created_time)) %>%
count(created_time)
ultraposts_xts <- xts(ultraposts$n, order.by = ultraposts$created_time)
ultraposts_month <- apply.monthly(ultraposts_xts, FUN = sum)
plot(ultraposts_month, ylab = "Number of Ultra Posts", main = "")
Over the last year or so, the number of people in the group has risen dramatically, and yet it certainly seems that fewer people are actually discussing ultras these days. I guess read into that what you will – perhaps the feed is indeed dominated by Suunto vs Garmin questions?
Hell, let’s find out.
10 Suunto or Garmin?
So let’s take a look at the real question that everybody cares about – which is more popular, Suunto or Garmin. All my cards on the table; I have a Suunto Peak Ambit 3, but if it helps I had to Google that because I really don’t keep up on these things. I’m really not a gear not, and prefer to make do. The only reason that I got this is that my previous watch died a death, and I like to use a watch for navigation. I didn’t pay for it – at that price I couldn’t bring myself to fork out the money. But it was a gift, and I am very pleased with it. It has a great battery life, and is pretty simple when loading data to my computer. Despite being a stats guy, I don’t normally focus much on my own data, but actually it has been interesting to see how slow I have become recently due to an ongoing injury. Perhaps it will help me to push myself in training onece it is sorted.
But as I understand it, the Garmin Fenix 3 does exactly the same stuff. Is one better than the other? I couldn’t possibly say. Many people have tried, but I suspect that it comes down to personal preference rather than there being some objective difference between the two.
But just for the hell of it, let’s see how often people talk about the two. I will be simply using fuzzy matching to look for any use of the terms “suunto” or “garmin” in the post. Fuzzy matching is able to spot slight misspellings, such as “Sunto” or “Garmin”, and is carried out using the base agrep()
function in R:
suunto <- agrep("suunto", URC$message, ignore.case = TRUE)
garmin <- agrep("garmin", URC$message, ignore.case = TRUE)
pie(c(length(setdiff(suunto, garmin)), length(setdiff(garmin, suunto)), length(intersect(suunto, garmin))), labels = c("Suunto", "Garmin", "Both"), cex = 2)
So of the 24,836 posts on the URC page, 237 (0.95 %) mention Suunto, whilst 552 (2.22 %) mention Garmin. Only 77 (0.3 %) mention both, which I assume are the posts specifically asking which of the two is best. Given the way some people moan about how often this question comes up, these numbers are actually surprisingly small I think. But based on this it seems that Garmin is more popular, although it would be interesting to look at the actual responses on those “VS” posts to see what the outcome actually was in each case.
Having said that, there is nothing to suggest what these posts about Garmin’s are actually saying. They may be generally saying that they hate Garmins. So I am going to play around with a bit of sentiment analysis using the qdap
package. Essentially this is a machine learning algorithm that has been trained to identify the sentiment underlying a post, with positive values representing a generally positive sentiment (and vice versa). So let’s break down the Garmin and Suunto posts to see how they stack up:
library("qdap")
## Convert to ASCII and get rid of upper case
suunto_msg <- URC$message[suunto] %>%
iconv("latin1", "ASCII", sub = "") %>%
tolower
garmin_msg <- URC$message[garmin] %>%
iconv("latin1", "ASCII", sub = "") %>%
tolower
## Calculate the sentiment polarity
suunto_sentiment <- polarity(gsub("[[:punct:]]", "", suunto_msg))
garmin_sentiment <- polarity(gsub("[[:punct:]]", "", garmin_msg))
## Plot in a stacked barplot
sent_dat <- data.frame(Watch = c(rep("Suunto", length(suunto)),
rep("Garmin", length(garmin))),
Sentiment = c(suunto_sentiment$all$polarity,
garmin_sentiment$all$polarity))
ggplot(sent_dat, aes(x = Sentiment, col = Watch, fill = Watch)) +
geom_density(alpha = 0.1) +
labs(x = "Sentiment Polarity", y = "Density") +
theme(axis.text = element_text(size = 16),
axis.title = element_text(size = 20),
legend.text = element_text(size = 18),
legend.title = element_text(size = 24))
So a value of zero on this distribution plot suggests a neutral sentiment to the post, a positive number suggests a positive sentiment, and a negative number suggests a negative sentiment. While the majority of the posts seem to be fairly neutral in both cases, it certainly seems that the majority of the Garmin posts are positive whilst the Suunto posts are more neutral with many positive and negative posts.
We can actually put a number on this, for whether or not there is truly a statistically significant difference between the distribution of sentiment scores for the two watches. To do this, we will us a statistical test that checks how likely it is that we would see a difference of the magnitude seen here given that there is no difference between what people actually think of the watch. This is the so-called “null-hypothesis”, and essentially says that there is no difference, and any differences that we do see are purely random errors. We can test this hypothesis using one of a number of different tests, with the aim to see whether there is evidence that we can reject this null hypothesis, thus suggesting that there is indeed a true difference between the distributions. So we never really “prove” that there is a difference, but instead show that there is suitable evidence to disprove the null hypothesis.
To do this some test statistic is calculated and is tested to see if it is significantly different than what you would expect to see by chance. Typically this is assessed using a “p-value”, which is one of the most misunderstood measurements in statistics. This value represents the probability that you would see a test statistic at least as high as that measured purely by chance, even if both sets of data were drawn from the same distribution. So both the Garmin and Suunto scores are a tiny subset of all possible opinions of people in the world, the population distribution. Our two sample populations are either drawn from an overall population where there is no difference, or from two distinct populations for people who have a view one way or the other.
It is pretty clear from the above figure that these values are not normally distributed (a so-called “bell-curve” distribution), so we cannot use a simple t-test which basically tests the difference in the means between two distributions (after taking the variance into account). Instead we would be better off using a non-parametric test which does not require the data to be parameterised into some fixed probability density function. The Kolmogorov Smirnov test is one method that can be used, and works by looking at how the cummulative distribution functions of two distinct samples differ:
ks.test(subset(sent_dat, Watch == "Suunto")[["Sentiment"]], subset(sent_dat, Watch == "Garmin")[["Sentiment"]])
## Warning in ks.test(subset(sent_dat, Watch == "Suunto")[["Sentiment"]],
## subset(sent_dat, : p-value will be approximate in the presence of ties
##
## Two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test
##
## data: subset(sent_dat, Watch == "Suunto")[["Sentiment"]] and subset(sent_dat, Watch == "Garmin")[["Sentiment"]]
## D = 0.093653, p-value = 0.1091
## alternative hypothesis: two-sided
Here we run a two-sided test, which simply means that we have no a priori reason to suspect one distribution to be greater than the other. We could do a one-sided test where the alternative hypothesis that we are testing is “A is greater than B”, rather than the two-sided test where we are testing the alternative hypothesis that “A is not equal to B”. \(D\) is the maximum distance between the empirical distribution functions, and \(p\) is the p-value. Typically, a threshold used to reject the null hypothesis is for \(p\) to be less than 0.05 (5 %), although it is fairly arbitrary. But in this case, we would conclude that there is not sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis.
As an alternative, we can instead use the Wilcoxon rank sum test (also called the Mann-Whitney U test). The idea is to rank all of the data, sum up the ranks from one of the samples, and use this to calculate the test statistic \(U\) (which takes into account the sample sizes). So if the distributions are pretty similar, the sum of the ranks will be similar for sample 1 and sample 2. If there is a big difference, one sample will have more higher ranked values than the other, resulting in a higher value for \(U\). Let’s take a look at this:
wilcox.test(subset(sent_dat, Watch == "Suunto")[["Sentiment"]], subset(sent_dat, Watch == "Garmin")[["Sentiment"]])
##
## Wilcoxon rank sum test with continuity correction
##
## data: subset(sent_dat, Watch == "Suunto")[["Sentiment"]] and subset(sent_dat, Watch == "Garmin")[["Sentiment"]]
## W = 59157, p-value = 0.03066
## alternative hypothesis: true location shift is not equal to 0
Note that the test statistic here is actually \(W\), but in this case \(W\) and \(U\) are equivalent. So this test would result in us rejecting the null hypothesis with the same threshold as above. So which one is correct? Well, this is a great example of why you should never trust statistics. Both of these are perfectly reasonable tests to perform in this case but give different results. Many people would simply choose the one that gives the lowest p-value, but this is pretty naughty and is often called “p-hacking”. At the end of the day, a p-value higher than 0.05 does not mean that there is not a true difference between the distributions, just that the current data does not provide enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis.
So my conclusion from this is that I made the wrong decision, and will from now on look upon my useless Suunto watch with hatred and resentment. I can only hope that this post will save anyone else from making such an awful mistake.
11 Summing Up
It has been quite fun playing around with these data tonight, and I have had an opportunity to try out a few new techniques that I have wanted to play with for a while. As ever, there is loads more that can be gleaned from these data, but I should probably do something a little more productive right now. Like sleeping. I have actually done a while load more playing with machine learning algorithms of my own, but this post has already become a little too unruly so I will post this later as a separate post.
But in summary, people on the Ultra Running Community page spend far too much time posting during working hours, seem to be talking less and less about ultra running, and definitely prefer Garmins to Suuntos. So this has all been completely worth it.
12 Session Info
sessionInfo()
## R version 3.6.1 (2019-07-05)
## Platform: x86_64-apple-darwin15.6.0 (64-bit)
## Running under: macOS Sierra 10.12.6
##
## Matrix products: default
## BLAS: /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.6/Resources/lib/libRblas.0.dylib
## LAPACK: /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.6/Resources/lib/libRlapack.dylib
##
## locale:
## [1] en_GB.UTF-8/en_GB.UTF-8/en_GB.UTF-8/C/en_GB.UTF-8/en_GB.UTF-8
##
## attached base packages:
## [1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base
##
## other attached packages:
## [1] qdap_2.3.2 RColorBrewer_1.1-2 qdapTools_1.3.3
## [4] qdapRegex_0.7.2 qdapDictionaries_1.0.7 xts_0.11-2
## [7] zoo_1.8-6 ggplot2_3.2.1 stringr_1.4.0
## [10] dplyr_0.8.3 tidyr_1.0.0 randomForest_4.6-14
##
## loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
## [1] Rcpp_1.0.2 lattice_0.20-38 xlsxjars_0.6.1
## [4] gtools_3.8.1 assertthat_0.2.1 zeallot_0.1.0
## [7] digest_0.6.22 slam_0.1-45 R6_2.4.0
## [10] plyr_1.8.4 chron_2.3-54 backports_1.1.5
## [13] evaluate_0.14 blogdown_0.16 pillar_1.4.2
## [16] rlang_0.4.1 lazyeval_0.2.2 data.table_1.12.6
## [19] gdata_2.18.0 rmarkdown_1.16 gender_0.5.2
## [22] labeling_0.3 igraph_<IP_ADDRESS> RCurl_1.95-4.12
## [25] munsell_0.5.0 compiler_3.6.1 xfun_0.10
## [28] pkgconfig_2.0.3 htmltools_0.4.0 reports_0.1.4
## [31] tidyselect_0.2.5 tibble_2.1.3 gridExtra_2.3
## [34] bookdown_0.14 XML_3.98-1.20 crayon_1.3.4
## [37] withr_2.1.2 bitops_1.0-6 openNLP_0.2-7
## [40] grid_3.6.1 gtable_0.3.0 lifecycle_0.1.0
## [43] magrittr_1.5 scales_1.0.0 xlsx_0.6.1
## [46] stringi_1.4.3 reshape2_1.4.3 NLP_0.2-0
## [49] openNLPdata_1.5.3-4 xml2_1.2.2 venneuler_1.1-0
## [52] ellipsis_0.3.0 vctrs_0.2.0 wordcloud_2.6
## [55] tools_3.6.1 glue_1.3.1 purrr_0.3.3
## [58] plotrix_3.7-6 parallel_3.6.1 yaml_2.2.0
## [61] tm_0.7-6 colorspace_1.4-1 rJava_0.9-11
## [64] knitr_1.25


This data is for representational purpose only and may not be accurate
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