Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) or 4-PSK
Objective of this assignment is to illustrate and clarify operation of digital 4-phase (QPSK or 4-PSK (Phase Shift Keying)) continuous wave (CW) modulation.
Exercise 1 illustrates operation of QPSK modulator in the transmitter transmitter. It transfers spectrum of data from baseband (original frequency band of data around zero frequency) to frequency band around carrier frequency.
Exercise 2 illustrates operation of demodulator and detector in the receiver. Demodulator transfers spectrum of the received signal from carrier frequencies back to the baseband and the detector decides, which digital symbols were received.
Exercise 3 studies impact of noise to QPSK.-system.
QPSK is one of the so called Continuous Wave (CW) modulation methods, which transfer spectrum of data from zero to higher frequencies with the help of the carrier wave. It is a digital pure phase modulation method where amplitude and frequency of all symbols is the same and phase shift alone contains digital information, which is values of two bits in QPSK.
One easy and clear way to describe many modulation methods is a constellation diagram shown in figure below. It consists of two axis:
I = In-phase axis that represents zero phase shift carrier wave that is cos(ωct)
Q = Quadrature axis that represents carrier waveform in 90 degrees phase shift that is cos(ωct +π/2)
Distance of symbol point from the origin corresponds to the amplitude Ac of the carrier wave. In QPSK distance of all symbols from origin is the same because carrier amplitude of all symbols is the same, the only difference between four symbols of QPSK is their phase shift.
Constellation diagram of QPSK modulation
Each signal point of constellation represents one symbol, a carrier burst, with phase shift of 45, 135, -45 or -135 degrees or, in radians, π/2, 3π/2, - π/2 or -3π/2. Constellation diagram does not show duration T of the burst or symbol, and it must be given separately. When symbol duration T is known, the symbol rate is
r = 1/T Baud [Baud = 1/sec]
QPSK uses four different symbols, one for all possible combination of two bits. Each symbol carry two bits of information and bit rate is two times the symbol rate.
Example: When the carrier amplitude is Ac and symbol duration T = 1μs, the symbol rate r = 1/T = 1 MBaud. To transmit bit values 11, symbol s1 is sent as a 1μs carrier waveform
s1(t) = Ac cos(ωct + π/4)
In QPSK each symbol carries values of two bits and thus its bit rate rb = 2*r. Note that symbols closest to each other are defined to differ only on one bit position. This principle is called Gray-coding and it minimizes bit error rate (BER) because most symbol errors occur between neighbor symbols and now each symbol error usually makes only one bit error.
Each QPSK-symbol consists of in-phase and quadrature carrier components. In constellation diagram I-axis corresponds to in-phase carrier component that is cos(ωct) and Q-axis corresponds to quadrature component that is cos(ωct + π/2) = -sin (ωct). We may split up any carrier waveform to these two components.
Example: Symbol s4 is transmitted as waveform
s4(t) = Ac cos(ωct - π/4).
Using trigonometric identity: cos(a ± b) = cosa cosb sina sinb, we may write:
s4(t) = Ac cos(ωct - π/4) = Ac cos(ωct) cos(-π/4) + Ac sin(ωct) sin (π/4)
Using identity cos(-π/4) = sin (π/4) = , we get
.
when we use identity sina = - cos(a +π/2).
We see from the constellation figure and example above that symbol s4 consists of positive in-phase component and negative quadrature component, both with amplitude of .
Constellation diagram above explains also operation of QPSK modulator where bipolar binary data (value for binary 1 and for binary 0) modulates I and Q components of the carrier independently, see figure below. Then modulated carrier components are added to make up complete modulated carrier waveform, a radio burst or symbol. In our example implementation the first bit and all odd numbered bits modulate quadrature component so that at the input of the adder (lower branch in the figure below) it is
for binary 1
for binary 0 =
The same way the second and all even numbered bits modulate in-phase carrier wave so that at the input of the adder (upper branch of the figure below)
for binary 1
for binary 0
QPSK Modulator
Example:
Assume that the first bit is 1 and second 0 then signal s2 is transmitted. Now Serial-Parallel (S/P) sends binary 1, that is value , to lower branch where it multiplies Quadrature carrier waveform . To upper branch binary 0, value, is sent to multiply In- phase carrier . Then at the output of the Adder we will have complete symbol s2 that is:
This corresponds signal s2 in the constellation figure above.
Synchronous receiver multiplies received QPSK signal with in-phase and quadrature carrier waveform as shown in the figure below. Products are integrated over the symbol period T and in the end of symbol decision is made if received bit from each branch is 1 or 0. If output of the integrator is positive binary 1 is detected, if it is negative binary 0 is detected.
Example: Assume that s2 (10) was transmitted and then the received signal is (see constellation figure)
. In the upper branch of the receiver below it is multiplied by and then at the input of the upper integrator is:
This is input signal of the integrator in the upper branch, when symbol s2 is received.
Integrator behaves as a low pass filter (LPF) taking away high frequency parts (double carrier frequency) of the equation above and its output at the end of the symbol is proportional to the symbol energy.
Demodulator and Detector of the QPSK Receiver
Example: Assume that s2 (10) is received and upper integrator input is
Integrator is reset in the beginning of the symbol and its output value becomes
Latter part of the last formula in example above is divided by very large number (4*π*√2*carrier frequency) and it approaches zero. The first term that is proportional to the symbol energy remains and it is clearly negative and binary zero is detected as even bit value.
Example above showed that integrators of the receiver perform low pass filtering and their output values in the end of each symbol are related to the received symbol energy (Ac2T). Decision circuitries after integrator circuits make decision if the binary digit is 1 (positive value) or 0 (negative value). Then integrators are reset for detection of the next symbol.
Noise generator in the figure above is a model for all disturbances that occur in the transmission channel. Because of these disturbances errors occur. Bit Error Rate (BER) tells the average number of errors divided by the total number of bits.
Example: If BER = 3*10-9, there are in average 3 errors in each Gbit block of data, i.e. (3 errors)/ (109 bits) = 3*10-9 = BER.
Symbol error rate and, as a consequence, BER depends on signal to noise ratio (S/N). When signal level remains the same, and noise level increases, BER will increase. What is the actual BER at a certain S/N, depends on the transmission method in use.
Generally we can say that the more bits we encode into each symbol the more noise sensitive the system becomes. This we pay for higher bit rate with the same symbol rate. In QPSK we encode 2 bits per symbol and it requires 3 dB higher S/N than BPSK for the same symbol error rate.
{Here we might insert some questions to make sure that theory section was read and understood}
Build up QPSK-modulator shown in the figure below. You may set data for transmission to random sequence (PRBS) or to 8-bit fixed word. Fixed 8-bit word is set up by push buttons of CU and it is repeated over and over again. Serial-Parallel (S/P) converter splits up data stream so that subsequent bits are transmitted to different branch, first and every odd numbered bit to lower branch and second and all even numbered bits to upper branch. It also encodes data to bipolar form so that binary 1 corresponds to positive and binary 0 to negative voltage.
In our implementation the first and every second bit after that modulate In-phase carrier. The second and even bits modulate the quadrature carrier. QPSK transmits two bits in each symbol and bit values stay the same over whole symbol time. For the next symbol following two bits are taken, one for lower and one for upper branch.
QPSK Modulator of the transmitter
{Text marked as { } are not shown in implemented assignment. They are just notes for implementation.
Selection of random (PRBS) data or 8-bit Data Sequence may be selected by mouse or by push buttons of CU. Bit values selected in CU are shown on screed and/or leds of CU. Carrier source could in final implementation contain two outputs, one for actual carrier and the other one for quadrature carrier}
At which measuring terminal you can see the original digital information data sequence to be transmitted with the help of QPSK modulation?
a) Output of a carrier source b) Output of the upper multiplier c) Output of the Data Source
At which terminal you can see QPSK modulated carrier?
a) Output of the Adder b) Upper output of S/P c) Output of lower multiplier
Set data to random PRBS mode and look at the modulated signal with phasescope. Which characteristic of a carrier wave contains information contain information in QPSK?
a) Amplitude b) Frequency c) Phase Shift
Set data sequence to [b1,…b8] = [10011001]. Note that we usually write this way that is first bit on left, but in the diagram, where data flows from left to right, it is easier to follow if we have first bit on right hand side.
Measure the symbol period T. What is the symbol rate?
a) b) c)
What is the bit rate?
a) b) c)
Set data sequence to [b1,…b8] = [10101010]. This data sequence is transmitted as waveform
a) Ac cos(ωct + 3π/4). b) Ac cos(ωct - π/4) c) Ac cos(ωct + π/4).
What is the modulating level <2> of the in-phase carrier component?
a) + b) - c) 0 V
Set data sequence to [b1,…b8] = [10111011]. This data sequence is transmitted as waveform
a) Ac cos(ωct - π/4)
b) Carrier waveform with alternating phase shift, π/4 and 3π/4
c) Two alternating carrier waveforms Ac cos(ωct - π/4) and Ac cos(ωct - 3π/4)
{If we can change symbol rate, we could study its impact to spectral width. We could also ask again what is the bit rate with a certain symbol rate}
Coherent receiver generates phase and frequency synchronized carrier waveform. The receiver has two branches and in one branch the received signal is multiplied by in-phase carrier component and in the other branch by quadrature carrier component. Then these products are integrated over symbol period T.
Figure below shows QPSK system where receiver is opened up to see its functional nodes. QPSK Mod
{Node QPSK Mod node is a macronode containing all nodes of QPSK modulator in figure above and their controls. In later developments we may double click it and split it up to basic nodes}
QPSK Demodulator and Detector
1. Which nodes belong to the receiver of the QPSK system? Hint: Compare with QPSK Demodulator and Detector in Background section.
a) Tr Channel b) Data Source c) Integrator
Figure below shows a complete QPSK system transmitting data Dt via radio path to receiver which detects it as data Dr.
Set transmitted data to random {here it might be the only choice}, noise to minimum and connect one phase scope to see constellation of the transmitted signal and the or to the input of the receiver to see constellation in the receiving end of the system. Which choice is correct?
a) Signal constellations are very different
b) Constellation at the transmitter contains more noise
c) Signal constellations are close to the same
Figure QPSK System with noise
What is the Bit Error Rate?
a) There are no errors
b) BER is very high
c) BER is in the order of 10-3.
Look at noise at <3> and received signal constellation <4>. Increase noise level slowly.
a) b) c)
What happens to BER?
a) b) c)
{If we would have RMS voltmeter, we could measure noise <3> and signal <4> or before adder and compare S/N and BER}
In practical 3 data sequence could be fixes and selected by CU. Then oscilloscope would show Dt and Dr and they could be compared.
Symbol rate could be selectable (rotational switch on CU or buttons on screen), then also spectrum could be studied.


Caspase
A family of intracellular CYSTEINE ENDOPEPTIDASES that play a role in regulating INFLAMMATION and APOPTOSIS. They specifically cleave peptides at a CYSTEINE amino acid that follows an ASPARTIC ACID residue. Caspases are activated by proteolytic cleavage of a precursor form to yield large and small subunits that form the enzyme. Since the cleavage site within precursors matches the specificity of caspases, sequential activation of precursors by activated caspases can occur.
(mesh:D020169)
Cross-references
Synonyms
| Synonym |
Reference |
Specificity |
| caspase |
|
Exact
|
| caspases |
|
Exact
|
Incoming Relations
Outgoing Relations
None available.


--- layout: archive title: Lean Prover Zulip Chat Archive permalink: archive/144837PRreviews/28260802twolemmasaboutpowersofelements.html ---
found myself in need of some small generic results while messing with some stuff in analysis/normed_spaces
(#726).
figured they might be sort of useful in other contexts, so tossing in a separate PR.
(relevant discussion: https://leanprover.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/113489-new-members/topic/seeking.20lemma.20about.20an.20archimedean.20thing)
{% endraw %} {% include archive_update.html %}


Media
public final class Media: NSObject, JSONConvertible
Media
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public final class Media: NSObject, JSONConvertible
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Undocumented
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public final class Media: NSObject, JSONConvertible
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Undocumented
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public final class Media: NSObject, JSONConvertible
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Undocumented
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public final class Media: NSObject, JSONConvertible
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Undocumented
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Swift
public final class Media: NSObject, JSONConvertible
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Undocumented
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public final class Media: NSObject, JSONConvertible
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Undocumented
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public final class Media: NSObject, JSONConvertible
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Undocumented
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Swift
public final class Media: NSObject, JSONConvertible
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Undocumented
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Swift
public final class Media: NSObject, JSONConvertible
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Undocumented
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public final class Media: NSObject, JSONConvertible
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Undocumented
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public final class Media: NSObject, JSONConvertible
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Undocumented
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Swift
public final class Media: NSObject, JSONConvertible
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Undocumented
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public final class Media: NSObject, JSONConvertible
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Undocumented
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Swift
public final class Media: NSObject, JSONConvertible
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Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public final class Media: NSObject, JSONConvertible
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Get information about a media object. Use the type field to differentiate between image and video media in the response. You will also receive the user_has_liked field which tells you whether the owner of the access_token has liked this media. The public_content permission scope is required to get a media that does not belong to the owner of the access_token.
Declaration
Swift
public class func fetchMedia(mediaId: String) -> Promise<Media>
Parameters
mediaId
Media id.
Return Value
Promise
with Media. -
Fetch popular media.
Declaration
Swift
public class func fetchPopularMedia() -> Promise<[Media]>
Return Value
Promise
with [Media]. -
This endpoint returns the same response as GET /media/media-id. A media object’s shortcode can be found in its shortlink URL. An example shortlink is http://instagram.com/p/tsxp1hhQTG/. Its corresponding shortcode is tsxp1hhQTG.
Declaration
Swift
public class func fetchMediaByShortCode(shortCode: String) -> Promise<Media>
Parameters
shortCode
Shortcode.
Return Value
Promise
with Media. -
Search for recent media in a given area.
Declaration
Swift
public class func searchMedia(lantitude: Double, longitude: Double, distance: Double? = nil) -> Promise<[Media]>
Parameters
lantitude
Latitude of the center search coordinate. If used, longitude is required.
longitude
Longitude of the center search coordinate. If used, lantitude is required.
distance
Default is 1km (distance=1000), max distance is 5km.
Return Value
Promise
with [Media].
-
Get a list of users who have liked this media. Require scope: basic, public_content.
Declaration
Swift
public class func fetchLikedUsers(mediaId: String) -> Promise<[User]>
Parameters
mediaId
Media id.
Return Value
Promise
with [User]. -
Set a like on this media by the currently authenticated user. The public_content permission scope is required to create likes on a media that does not belong to the owner of the access_token.
Require scope: likes.
Declaration
Swift
public class func likeMedia(mediaId: String) -> Promise<Void>
Parameters
mediaId
Media id.
Return Value
Promise
with Void. -
Remove a like on this media by the currently authenticated user. The public_content permission scope is required to delete likes on a media that does not belong to the owner of the access_token.
Require scope: likes.
Declaration
Swift
public class func unlikeMedia(mediaId: String) -> Promise<Void>
Parameters
mediaId
Media id.
Return Value
Promise
with Void.
-
Get a list of recent comments on a media object. The public_content permission scope is required to get comments for a media that does not belong to the owner of the access_token.
Require scope: basic, public_content.
Declaration
Swift
public class func fetchComments(mediaId: String) -> Promise<[Comment]>
Parameters
mediaId
Media id.
Return Value
Promise
with [Comment]. -
Create a comment on a media object with the following rules: The total length of the comment cannot exceed 300 characters. The comment cannot contain more than 4 hashtags. The comment cannot contain more than 1 URL. The comment cannot consist of all capital letters. The public_content permission scope is required to create comments on a media that does not belong to the owner of the access_token.
Require scope: comments.
Declaration
Swift
public class func postComment(mediaId: String, text: String) -> Promise<Void>
Parameters
mediaId
Media id.
text
Text to post as a comment on the media object as specified in media-id.
Return Value
Promise
with Void. -
Remove a comment either on the authenticated user’s media object or authored by the authenticated user.
Require scope: comments.
Declaration
Swift
public class func deleteComment(mediaId: String, commentId: String) -> Promise<Void>
Parameters
mediaId
Media id.
commentId
Comment id.
Return Value
Promise
with Void.


I would consider myself to be a decently experienced tripper, but this experience was way more than I could handle! The day started normal for me: get up, go to school, look for someone that had money for coke. Same ol same ol. Soon enough a good friend of mine,ill call him J, rolled up talking about he had just eaten two full pods of jimson weed. At the time I had never even heard of it, so right away I started asking stuff about it.
Now this is where I take a wrong turn. J tells me that its 'just' like shrooms, (boy was he wrong) so when I hear that I automatically agree to do some also. J's friend gives me a whole pod for myself and tells me to eat all the seeds that are inside.
I put the pod in my car for later, cause I wanted to see how J was gonna react to the two full pods he had eaten,(also cause a friend of mineís sister told J he was going to die).Well about three hrs. had gone by, and I was in my fourth period class with a cracked pod. I had asked the substitute if it was ok for me to go for a drink of water. She replied yes, and as I went out to down the seeds, I see J walking around the halls with the biggest pupils Iíve ever seen!
Immediately I ask him how he's feeling and he replies with a laid back shrug, and tells me he sees the hallways swerving and everything is yellow. That was all the info I needed and with that I popped the seeds with a big gulp of water.
Well, I went back to class with excitement, awaiting the effects to take hold. Class had ended, it was lunch time and about 45min. had past and I was feeling really relaxed, kind of like a good alchol buzz. Lunch passed and I was in my fifth prd. class still feeling really good! I just sat back and watched the other students do their thing for most of the period until a girl I knew got up and threw up in the trashcan. I had noticed that she looked laid back like me for the whole period but I thought she was high or something. Little did I know she had also been given jimson also! She left class barfing everywhere and that was also the last I saw of her for the rest or the day also. The school seemed to be very alive after that, as if there was a fight or something interesting going on that was making all the students talk.
I went to my next prd. class with the effects starting to increase, I told a girl that sat behind me that was also into doing shrooms, that I was scared to be called on to read, because I could barely read the word on the pages. So during the middle of the prd. there was an announcement on the speaker to not allow any students out of class until further notice, because of a 'situation' that was going on. This made me worry, because the girl that told J he was going to die also told me that the school would be shut down today.
This is where it gets interesting, there I am waiting in class for 'further notice' when I look up and see the assistant principal and a cop asking my teacher if they could 'have' me. I think thatís what set off the trippin, because I started getting these uncontrollable shivers in my legs. I was taken to the office where I saw a lot of my other friends being questioned in separate rooms. The principal started asking me what J and the other girl had been given. Naturally I told him I didnít know what he was talking about, but when he got real serious and told me my friends were gonna die, I started to panic, knowing I had also taken the seeds. I told them just enough to get them to help J and the other girl because he said they were already in the hospital getting their stomachs pumped.
The cops tried getting me to tell them who had given it to them and that they had tips of a guy in an eclipse as the supplier, so I told them I could point out the car if I were to see it again. At the time of all this, I started to feel real lost and would forget kinda what was happening, I felt I needed to sit down cause I felt sick, and my mouth was really dry. The principal kept asking me questions, and I had no idea what he was talking about, so I decided to tell him I to had taken the jimson. He immediately called an ambulance, and told me to call my mom and tell her I was going to the hospital, but I couldnít even remember her cell number. I kept calling my ex girlfriend's house.
When the ambulance came they sat me on a stretcher and started poking me with needles and checking my blood pressure.  I responded, 'a plant.'
I arrived at the hospital and thatís when (I think) I started to trip hard. I saw windows next to my bed, which I kept trying to look out, but every time I would look out to see the people passing by, all there was, was a wall in my face! Time was non existent to me so I cant say exactly how long this went on, but it seemed about an hr. I kept talking to my friend (D) who was next to my bed and then he would vanish. But it didnít really bother me, I just kept looking around for him. The same thing happened with a red cereal bowl that I was holding in my hand for some reason, and when it would vanish I would try to look where it had fallen. My parents finally arrived and said I was hallucinating for about 12 more hrs. until I knocked out.
They said I was doing insane things like screaming that the devil was chasing me, cussing them out, trying to get bugs off my arms, and following the edges of the blanket sheets back and forth with my eyes and fingers.
All this that happened at school ended up in the newspaper and the tests that the hospital ran showed that I had coke in my blood stream. My parents found out all of this. My hospital bill came out to 12,000 bucks and had to sell my integra just to pay half of that!
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


I am very passionate about learning new technology. I am very passionate about learning new technology. I am very passionate about learning new technology. I am very passionate about learning new technology.
A small project to introduce myself.
A web application where community of users is connected with each others.One can arise question and anyone can give solution to him. More
A web application where community of users is connected with each others.One can arise question and anyone can give solution to him.
We have did project using Django framework whih is built by using python language.


Each POE team is allotted a budget of $250 for its project. Below, find a breakdown of how we spent our budget. We were able to obtain many of our materials either for free or from the POE supplies provided.
Quantity |
Price / unit |
Total price |
Actual expenditure |
|
Electronics / Control |
||||
| Photocells | 4 | $0.95 | $3.80 | $3.80 |
| Green Laser Module | 4 | $14.95 | $59.80 | $59.80 |
| Retroreflective Tape | 5 yds | $2.00 | $10.00 |   from our FIRST robotics contacts |
| Compact Mirrors | 4 | $0.25 | $1.00 |   our own |
| Fog Machine | 1 | $31.69 | $31.69 | $31.69 |
| Fog Fluid | 1 qt | $7.99 | $7.99 | $7.99 |
| Arduino UNO | 1 | $24.51 | $24.51 |   our own |
| Raspberry Pi 2 Model B | 1 | $39.95 | $39.95 |   our own |
| Protoboard | 1 | $4.95 | $4.95 |   our own |
| Portable Capsule Speaker | 1 | $14.95 | $14.95 |   our own |
| Android Tablet | 1 | $149.95 | $149.95 |   our own |
| 12V Power Supply | 1 | $8.55 | $8.55 |   from POE supplies |
| TOTAL    $357.50 | $103.28 | |||
Hardware |
||||
| Tri-Wall Cardboard (8' x 3.5') | 10 | $10.00 | $100.00 |   from Sara Hendren |
| Black Cloth | 6 yds | $3.70 | $22.20 | $22.20 |
| 1-1/2" Schedule 40 PVC (10') | 12 | $6.00 | $72.00 | $72.00 |
| PVC Fittings | 12 | $3.16 | $37.92 |   from POE supplies |
| Velcro (1/2") | 50 ft | $14.29 | $14.29 |   from POE supplies |
| Clear Shower Curtain | 1 | $7.99 | $7.99 | $7.99 |
| TOTAL    $254.40 | $102.19 | |||
Prototyping Supplies |
||||
| Red Laser Module | 1 | $5.95 | $5.95 | $5.95 |
| Small Fog Machine | 1 | $23.00 | $23.00 | $23.00 |
| TOTAL    $28.95 | $28.95 | |||
GRAND TOTAL     $640.49 |
$234.42 |
PS: Katie definitely didn't know I titled this blog post CA$H MONIES until after it was posted.


Need toppings on your pizza?
Make your selection here.
Bacon goes well with anything (try us), so of course it’s a popular pizza topping. This fresh spring recipe gets salty, meaty flavor from just a few bacon crumbles.
A few fresh basil leaves will taste amazing with any pizza. This simple summertime pizza would make a delicious cookout appetizer.
This earthy topping can be divisive in the kitchen, but many agree that it fits right in on a pizza, and this breakfast recipe is just perfect
Bacon goes well with anything (try us), so of course it’s a popular pizza topping. This fresh spring recipe gets salty, meaty flavor from just a few bacon crumbles.
A few fresh basil leaves will taste amazing with any pizza. This simple summertime pizza would make a delicious cookout appetizer.
This earthy topping can be divisive in the kitchen, but many agree that it fits right in on a pizza, and this breakfast recipe is just perfect


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Pakistan elected as Chairperson of the Annual Meeting of CCW: FO
by https://www.facebook.com/dunyanewsISLAMABAD (Dunya News) - Pakistan s Permanent Representative to the United Nation in Geneva, Ambassador Khalil Hashmi, has been elected as the Chairperson of the Annual Meeting of States Parties to the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW).
Foreign Office in a statement said the CCW represents an important arms control framework that envisages prohibitions and restrictions on certain conventional weapons that can cause unnecessary suffering to combatants or affect civilians indiscriminately.
The Convention and its five Protocols strike a prudent balance between humanitarian concerns and legitimate military utility of certain categories of conventional weapons. The States Parties meet annually to review the implementation of the Convention, as well as to explore the possibility of developing additional Protocols on new weapon systems of concern.
This year s annual meeting will address several important issues including the role of autonomous weapons and the financial sustainability of the Convention.
Pakistan s unanimous election reflects recognition by the international community of the country’s longstanding contribution to promote international security through arms control instruments. It is also an endorsement of Pakistan’s strong credentials in multilateral diplomacy.


Software: poker sim, Doodle widget, minesweeper.
Hardware: 15lb battlebot, R/C aircraft, MASLAB.
Academia: bubbles in space, math, edtech policy.
Leadership: Lean On Me, Presidential Scholars, Tech Chess.
Creative and Culinary: music, writing, food.
Last Updated: 01/31/19
Sample Work
Employment History
Scholastic Chess Instructor, St. Louis Chess Club, 2019.
Math Instructor, Mathnasium of West County, 2019.
Private Tutor, 2012-2019.
Data Metrics Officer & Entrepreneurship Instructor, e3 Civic High, 2018.
VC Analyst, Pillar, 2017.
Executive Advisor, Presidential Scholars Program, 2017.
Social Media Analyst, imaginBank, 2017.
Nonprofit Cofounder & CEO, Lean On Me, 2015-2016.
Writing Facilitator, Interphase EDGE, 2016.
Tour Guide, MIT, 2016.
Intro to EECS Student Lab Assistant, MIT, 2015.
Structural Analysis Intern, Northrop Grumman, 2015.
Bitcoin Campus Ambassador, Circle, 2014-2015.
Engineering Technician, Honeycomb, 2013.
Space Station Research Intern, PSU, 2013.
Software Development Intern, PSU, 2013.
Cook, Tributes Restaurant, 2012.
Associate, Hoys 5 & 10, 2011.
TITLE - City, dates - link IMG
write description, image and links (map, web, etc) for each thingy
Nonprofit Cofounder, CEO, Director
Lean On Me
Bulk of contribution as founder and CEO
designed stuff, advocated, recruited, applied, PM
GFSA etc.
Director: 2015-present
Admin, Teacher, Tutor 2008-present
- STLCC
- Mathnasium
- e3 Civic High
- MIT Interphase, 6.01 TA, tour guide
- Bainbridge Chess
- Private, volunteer, etc.
VC Analyst
Government Program Advisor
Social Media Analyst
Vehicle Engineering and Additive Manufacturing Intern
Bitcoin Campus Rep / Ambassador
Engineering Technician / Startup Intern
Space Station Research Intern
Software Development Intern SE-FIT
Cook
Stock boy, hermie cleaner, Cashier
Education
MIT in 3 years, awards etc. advisors, mentors/muses formal/informal (Moitra, Sipser, Barnhart, Peraire, Seth Lloyd, Junot Diaz)
PSU
Lincoln
Nicolet
Maple Dale
Oriole Lane
https://mitadmissions.org/blogs/entry/a_look_at_unified_engineering/
https://www.quora.com/What-is-MIT-Unified-Engineering-and-why-is-it-so-notorious
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=2587409
Frequently Asked Questions
PM role dreams, software development, writing, community, reading, better world, also exercising and being a vegetable, eating unholy amounts of food
uniqueness -- story
gratitutde to peoples
Press Coverage
- [Portland teen Andy Trattner, tops in Oregon at chess, Spanish, robotics, lends talent to NASA](http://www.oregonlive.com/education/index.ssf/2014/05/portland_teen_andy_trattner_to.html){:target="_blank"}, _The Oregonian_, 5/13/14
- [Oregon's Andy Trattner:
From Chess to MIT](/img/press/nwc-2014.pdf){:target="_blank"}, _Northwest Chess Magazine_, July 2014
- [Capillary Channel Flow (CCF) EU2–02 on the
International Space Station (ISS): An Experimental
Investigation of Passive Bubble Separations in an
Open Capillary Channel](https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20160001341.pdf){:target="_blank"}, _NASA_, June 2015
- [Lean On Me to offer anonymous venue for student support](http://tech.mit.edu/V136/PDF/V136-N2.pdf){:target="_blank"}, _The Tech_, 2/5/16
- MIT students turn their brainpower toward suicide prevention, _AP_, 2/15/16, via [FOX News](http://www.foxnews.com/health/2016/02/15/mit-students-turn-their-brainpower-toward-suicide-prevention.html){:target="_blank"}, [Salon.com](https://www.salon.com/2017/01/02/inconvenient-truths-of-mental-illness-more-people-take-medication-but-progress-has-stalled_partner/){:target="_blank"}, [Seattle Times](https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/health/mit-students-turn-their-brainpower-toward-suicide-prevention/){:target="_blank"}, [Boston Herald](http://www.bostonherald.com/news/local_coverage/2016/02/mit_students_turn_their_brainpower_toward_suicide_prevention){:target="_blank"}
- [MIT Students Use Their Coding Skills For Suicide Prevention](https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/college-game-plan/mit-students-use-their-smarts-create-texting-hotline-prevents-suicide-n528796){:target="_blank"}, _NBC News_, 3/2/16
- [MIT Students Create Suicide Prevention Service](https://www.campussafetymagazine.com/heroes/mit_students_create_suicide_prevention_service/){:target="_blank"}, _Campus Safety Magazine_, 3/7/16
- [Career Fair Directors enact measures to boost employer diversity](https://thetech.com/2016/09/23/cfd-measures-boost-employer-diversity){:target="_blank"}, _The Tech_, 9/23/16
- [The Ability to Inspire: U.S. Presidential Scholars National Recognition Program from an Advisor's Perspective](https://blog.ed.gov/2017/07/the-ability-to-inspire/){:target="_blank"}, U.S. Department of Education, 7/13/17
- [Pillar 2017 Year in Review](http://pillar.vc/2017-in-review.pdf){:target="_blank"}, _Pillar Companies_
https://mitadmissions.org/blogs/entry/red-bull-gives-you-paper-wings/


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Info Box
How to use this player
- Click Roadnet File to upload the roadnet log file(*.json)
- Click Replay File to upload the replay file(*.txt)
- (Optional) Click Chart File to upload the chart log file
- Press the Start button to start replaying the simulation!
- To restart, just press Start again
- (*) The debug option enables displaying the ID of vehicles, roads and intersections during a mouse hover.
This will cause a slower replaying, so we suggest using it only for debugging purposes.
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java.lang.Object | +--org.apache.axis.client.Service
Axis' JAXRPC Dynamic Invoation Interface implementation of the Service interface. The Service class should be used a the starting point for access SOAP Web Services. Typically, a Service will be created with a WSDL document and along with a serviceName you can then ask for a Call object that will allow you to invoke a Web Service.
| Nested Class Summary | |
protected static class |
Service.HandlerRegistryImpl
|
| Constructor Summary | |
Service()
Constructs a new Service object - this assumes the caller will set the appropriate fields by hand rather than getting them from the WSDL. |
|
Service(EngineConfiguration config)
Constructs a new Service object as above, but also passing in the EngineConfiguration which should be used to set up the AxisClient. |
|
Service(java.io.InputStream wsdlInputStream,
QName serviceName)
Constructs a new Service object for the service in the WSDL document in the wsdlInputStream and serviceName parameters. |
|
Service(Parser parser,
QName serviceName)
Constructs a new Service object for the service in the WSDL document |
|
Service(QName serviceName)
Constructs a new Service object - this assumes the caller will set the appropriate fields by hand rather than getting them from the WSDL. |
|
Service(java.lang.String wsdlLocation,
QName serviceName)
Constructs a new Service object for the service in the WSDL document pointed to by the wsdlLocation and serviceName parameters. |
|
Service(java.net.URL wsdlDoc,
QName serviceName)
Constructs a new Service object for the service in the WSDL document pointed to by the wsdlDoc URL and serviceName parameters. |
| Method Summary | |
Call |
createCall()
Creates a new Call object with no prefilled data. |
Call |
createCall(QName portName)
Creates a new Call object - will prefill as much info from the WSDL as it can. |
Call |
createCall(QName portName,
QName operationName)
Creates a new Call object - will prefill as much info from the WSDL as it can. |
Call |
createCall(QName portName,
java.lang.String operationName)
Creates a new Call object - will prefill as much info from the WSDL as it can. |
protected AxisClient |
getAxisClient()
|
boolean |
getCacheWSDL()
Tells whether or not we're caching WSDL |
Call |
getCall()
|
Call[] |
getCalls(QName portName)
Gets an array of preconfigured Call objects for invoking operations on the specified port. |
AxisEngine |
getEngine()
Returns the current AxisEngine used by this Service and all of the Call objects created from this Service object. |
protected EngineConfiguration |
getEngineConfiguration()
Constructs a EngineConfig if one is not available. |
HandlerRegistry |
getHandlerRegistry()
Returns the configured HandlerRegistry instance for this Service instance. |
boolean |
getMaintainSession()
If true, this service wants to track sessions. |
java.rmi.Remote |
getPort(java.lang.Class proxyInterface)
Return a dynamic proxy for the given proxy interface. |
java.rmi.Remote |
getPort(QName portName,
java.lang.Class proxyInterface)
Return either an instance of a generated stub, if it can be found, or a dynamic proxy for the given proxy interface. |
java.rmi.Remote |
getPort(java.lang.String endpoint,
java.lang.Class proxyInterface)
Return an object which acts as a dynamic proxy for the passed interface class. |
java.util.Iterator |
getPorts()
Returns an Iterator for the list of
QName s of service endpoints grouped by this
service |
javax.naming.Reference |
getReference()
Returns a reference to this object. |
QName |
getServiceName()
Returns the qualified name of the service (if one is set). |
TypeMappingRegistry |
getTypeMappingRegistry()
Returns the current TypeMappingRegistry or null. |
java.net.URL |
getWSDLDocumentLocation()
Returns the location of the WSDL document used to prefill the data (if one was used at all). |
Parser |
getWSDLParser()
|
protected javax.wsdl.Service |
getWSDLService()
|
void |
setCacheWSDL(boolean flag)
Allows users to turn caching of WSDL documents on or off. |
void |
setEngine(AxisEngine engine)
Sets this Service's AxisEngine. |
void |
setEngineConfiguration(EngineConfiguration config)
Set this Service's engine configuration. |
void |
setMaintainSession(boolean yesno)
Determine whether we'd like to track sessions or not. |
void |
setTypeMappingRegistry(TypeMappingRegistry registry)
Defines the current Type Mappig Registry. |
| Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object |
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait |
| Constructor Detail |
public Service()
public Service(QName serviceName)
public Service(EngineConfiguration config)
public Service(java.net.URL wsdlDoc, QName serviceName) throws ServiceException
wsdlDoc
- URL of the WSDL documentserviceName
- Qualified name of the desired service
ServiceException
- If there's an error finding or parsing the WSDLpublic Service(Parser parser, QName serviceName) throws ServiceException
parser
- Parser for this serviceserviceName
- Qualified name of the desired service
ServiceException
- If there's an errorpublic Service(java.lang.String wsdlLocation, QName serviceName) throws ServiceException
wsdlLocation
- Location of the WSDL relative to the current dirserviceName
- Qualified name of the desired service
ServiceException
- If there's an error finding or parsing the WSDLpublic Service(java.io.InputStream wsdlInputStream, QName serviceName) throws ServiceException
wsdlInputStream
- InputStream containing the WSDLserviceName
- Qualified name of the desired service
ServiceException
- If there's an error finding or parsing the WSDL| Method Detail |
protected javax.wsdl.Service getWSDLService()
public Parser getWSDLParser()
protected AxisClient getAxisClient()
public java.rmi.Remote getPort(QName portName, java.lang.Class proxyInterface) throws ServiceException
getPort
in interface Service
portName
- The name of the service portproxyInterface
- The Remote object returned by this
method will also implement the given proxyInterface
ServiceException
- If there's an errorpublic java.rmi.Remote getPort(java.lang.Class proxyInterface) throws ServiceException
getPort
in interface Service
proxyInterface
- The Remote object returned by this
method will also implement the given proxyInterface
ServiceException
- If there's an errorpublic java.rmi.Remote getPort(java.lang.String endpoint, java.lang.Class proxyInterface) throws ServiceException
endpoint
- the URL which will be used as the SOAP endpointproxyInterface
- the interface class which we wish to mimic
via a dynamic proxy
ServiceException
public Call createCall(QName portName) throws ServiceException
createCall
in interface Service
portName
- PortName in the WSDL doc to search for
ServiceException
- If there's an errorpublic Call createCall(QName portName, java.lang.String operationName) throws ServiceException
createCall
in interface Service
portName
- PortName in the WSDL doc to search foroperationName
- Operation(method) that's going to be invoked
ServiceException
- If there's an errorpublic Call createCall(QName portName, QName operationName) throws ServiceException
createCall
in interface Service
portName
- PortName in the WSDL doc to search foroperationName
- Operation(method) that's going to be invoked
ServiceException
- If there's an errorpublic Call createCall() throws ServiceException
createCall
in interface Service
ServiceException
- If there's an errorpublic Call[] getCalls(QName portName) throws ServiceException
getCalls
in interface Service
portName
- Qualified name for the target service endpoint
ServiceException
- - If this Service class does not have access
to the required WSDL metadata or if an illegal portName is specified.public HandlerRegistry getHandlerRegistry()
getHandlerRegistry
in interface Service
java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException
- - if the Service
class does not support the configuration of a
HandlerRegistry.public java.net.URL getWSDLDocumentLocation()
getWSDLDocumentLocation
in interface Service
public QName getServiceName()
getServiceName
in interface Service
public java.util.Iterator getPorts() throws ServiceException
Iterator
for the list of
QName
s of service endpoints grouped by this
service
getPorts
in interface Service
java.util.Iterator
with elements
of type javax.xml.namespace.QName
ServiceException
- If this Service class does not
have access to the required WSDL metadatapublic void setTypeMappingRegistry(TypeMappingRegistry registry) throws ServiceException
registry
- The TypeMappingRegistry
ServiceException
- if there's an errorpublic TypeMappingRegistry getTypeMappingRegistry()
getTypeMappingRegistry
in interface Service
public javax.naming.Reference getReference()
getReference
in interface javax.naming.Referenceable
public void setEngine(AxisEngine engine)
engine
- Sets this Service's AxisEngine to the passed in onepublic AxisEngine getEngine()
public void setEngineConfiguration(EngineConfiguration config)
If you need to use a non-default EngineConfiguration
, do
the following before calling the Service constructor:
AxisProperties.setProperty(EngineConfigurationFactory.SYSTEM_PROPERTY_NAME,
"classname.of.new.EngineConfigurationFactory");
Where the second parameter is the name of your new class that implements
EngineConfigurationFactory
and a
method. See
public static EngineConfigurationFactory newFactory(Object param)
EngineConfigurationFactoryDefault
for an example
of how to do this.
This way, when the Service class constructor calls
EngineConfigurationFactoryFinder.newFactory().getClientEngineConfig()
the getClientEngineConfig() of your own EngineConfigurationFactory will be
called, and your configuration will be used in the constructed Service object.
Another way is to use the "discovery" method of
EngineConfigurationFactoryFinder
.
config
- the EngineConfiguration we want to use.protected EngineConfiguration getEngineConfiguration()
public void setMaintainSession(boolean yesno)
yesno
- true if session state is desired, false if not.public boolean getMaintainSession()
public Call getCall() throws ServiceException
ServiceException
public boolean getCacheWSDL()
public void setCacheWSDL(boolean flag)
|
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Employee
Describes the employee of the abstract company id Integer Unique key of the employee firstName String First name of the employee lastName String Last name of the employee salary Integer Salary of the employee sex String Gender department String Department name where the employee worksDepartment
Describes the department of the abstract company id Integer Unique key of the department name String Name of the department averageSalary Float Average salary of the current department employeeCount Integer The number of staffAPI
Base link for all requests: /foxrestful/restEmployee
| link | Method | Example of the body for request | Effect | HTTP response header codes | HTTP response body |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| /employees | GET | - | Get all employees | 200 - OK |
[{"id":1,"firstName":"Sergey", "lastName":"Fedorov","sex":true, "salary":100.0,"department":"Developers"}, {"id":3,"firstName":"Иван", "lastName":"Демидов","sex":true, "salary":140.0,"department"::"QA"}] |
| /employees/5 | GET | - | Get employee with id = 5 |
200 - OK 204 - No data |
{"id":5,"firstName":"Chun", "lastName":"Nguen","sex":false, "salary":120.0,"department":"QA"} |
| /employees&sex=f | GET | - | Get filtered employees (in this case only women) |
200 - OK 204 - No data 400 - Wrong filter parameter |
[{"id":4,"firstName":"Angelina", "lastName":"Feofilaktova","sex": false,"salary":160.0,"department":"Managers"}, {"id":5,"firstName":"Chun", "lastName":"阮","sex":false, "salary":180.0,"department":"Managers"}] |
| /employees | POST |
JSON-representation of the object. Example: {"firstName":"Alena","lastName":"Kazakevich", "sex":false,"salary":5000.0, "department":"QA"} |
Create new employee | 201 - Created success | Employee saved id: 10 |
| /employees/6 | PUT |
JSON-representation of the new fields. Example: {"salary":5500.0} |
Update exist employee |
400 - No data in body 200 - Updated success 415 - Wrong format of data |
Updated employee id: 6 |
| /employees/6 | DELETE | - | Delete exist employee |
201 - Deleted success 404 - Employee not found |
Employee deleted id: 6 |
Department
| link | Method | Example of the body for request | Effect | HTTP response header codes | HTTP response body |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| /departments | GET | - | Get all departments | 200 - OK |
[{"id":1,"name":"Developers","averageSalary": 110.0,"employeeCount":2},{"id":2,"name":"QA", "averageSalary":140.0,"employeeCount":1}] |
| /departments/4 | GET | - | Get department with id = 4 |
200 - OK 204 - No data |
{"id":4,"name":"Support","averageSalary":0.0, "employeeCount":0} |
| /departments | POST |
JSON-representation of the object. Example: {"name":"Consultants"} |
Create new department | 201 - Created success | Department saved id: 5 |
| /departments/5 | PUT |
JSON-representation of the new fields. Example: {"name":"Leads"} |
Update exist department |
400 - No data in body 200 - Updated success 415 - Wrong format of data |
Updated department id: 5 |
| /departments/5 | DELETE | - | Delete exist department |
201 - Deleted success 404 - Employee not found |
Department deleted id: 6 |


Functions for the determination of optimally robust influence curves and
estimators in case of normal location and/or scale.
| Version: |
1.1.0 |
| Depends: |
R (≥ 2.14.0), stats, distrMod (≥ 2.5.2), RobAStBase (≥ 0.9) |
| Imports: |
methods, lattice, RColorBrewer, Biobase, RandVar (≥ 0.9.2), distr (≥ 2.5.2) |
| Suggests: |
MASS |
| Published: |
2018-08-03 |
| Author: |
Matthias Kohl [cre, cph],
Peter Ruckdeschel [aut, cph] |
| Maintainer: |
Matthias Kohl <Matthias.Kohl at stamats.de> |
| License: |
LGPL-3 |
| URL: |
http://robast.r-forge.r-project.org/ |
| NeedsCompilation: |
no |
| Citation: |
RobLox citation info |
| Materials: |
NEWS |
| In views: |
Robust |
| CRAN checks: |
RobLox results |


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ccsalison
Home
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Hi there! I'm an artsy person outside of the coding world. Here are some of my artwork.
Acrylic Painting
Print
PhotoShop
Graduation digital invitation.
Scholarship individual graduation poster.
Bullet Journal Doodling
Others
Pottery painting
Paper cutting


{{< layout}} {{$pageTitle}}{{/pageTitle}} {{$propositionHeader}}{{/propositionHeader}} {{$content}}
The laminate on the photo page is coming away.
The page is discoloured and has excess water damage.
The front cover and other pages are torn.
The back cover is creased so badly that the chip is no longer working.


How to do I fix a spelling or grammar error on the page?
Click on "Page Actions" then click "Edit on GitHub".
--- layout: page title: Fix errors description: Get help and information on things permalink: /support/fixerrors icon: fas fa-exclamation-circle ---
Try contacting via e-mail!


I CAN'T SLEEP (J'AI PAS SOMNEIL) A film review by James Berardinelli Copyright 1995 James Berardinelli
RATING (0 TO 10): 6.3
Shown at the Philadelphia Festival of World Cinema Running Length: 1:50 MPAA Classification: Not Rated (Sexual situations, violence)
Starring: Katerina Golubeva, Richard Courcet, Vincent Dupont, Laurent Grevill, Ira Mandella-Paul, Alex Descas Director: Claire Denis Screenplay: Claire Denis Cinematography: Agnes Godard Distributed by New Yorker Films In French with subtitles
With I CAN'T SLEEP, French director Claire Denis (CHOCOLAT, NO FEAR NO DIE) takes a story from newspaper headlines and creates characters around it. This is a study of three people whose lives crisscross and intersect. There is no beginning and no ending--only the middle portion upon which Denis has chosen to "eavesdrop." The central event, which comprises the climax of I CAN'T SLEEP, changes the lives of all those involved, but it's impossible to say what will come next, after the end credits have rolled.
The basis for this film was the rampage and capture of the real- life "Granny Killer", a serial killer who terrorized Paris during the late 1980s by stalking and murdering elderly women. I CAN'T SLEEP uses this atmosphere of fear and uncertainty as the background against which to tell three stories: those of Daiga, an exceptionally-attractive Lithuanian visitor to France; Theo, a musician struggling to keep custody of his young son; and Camille, a gay erotic dancer and Theo's brother. One of these three is the Granny Killer, but we don't learn which until about halfway through the movie.
Intellectually, I CAN'T SLEEP can be fascinating. It's essentially a postmodern, existential character study and, as such, it offers a lot to people-watchers. But Denis' style has isolated the characters from us, keeping them at arm's length. While viewing this film, the audience member is an indifferent observer. Involvement on an emotional level is almost impossible. This makes sitting through I CAN'T SLEEP something of a frustrating, not to mention sterile, experience. We want to identify with the protagonists or, failing that, at least understand motivations that too-often are left murky.
In some sense, this film has an incomplete feeling. The characters are not the sort to haunt the viewer after the theater lights come on, but the mood may linger. In fact, the wonderfully melancholy atmosphere is often more tangible than the personalities of the people Denis has chosen to focus on. In the final analysis, I CAN'T SLEEP is interesting, but not involving; beautiful, but detached; and unhurried to the point of somnolence.
- James Berardinelli<EMAIL_ADDRESS>The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


See /usr/lib/python3.4/pdb.doc for more information on the use of pdb. When the debugger is started, help is available via the help command.
python3.4(1). Chapter 9 of the Python Library Reference (The Python Debugger). Available in the python3.4-doc package at /usr/share/doc/python3.4/html/lib/module-pdb.html.


--- layout: post date: 2011-06-04 time: "09:00:00" authors: ["Greg Wilson"] title: "Programming for Scientists at Newcastle University: June 20, 2011" tags: ["Noticed"] ---
From the announcement:
Programming is becoming an increasingly important part of scientific research, yet many scientists are self-taught programmers with little formal training. This means that we are often unfamiliar with simple tools that can make programming and dealing with data faster, more reliable and more reproducible. This event is a day-long workshop to develop awareness of the skills and tools that help make computing more efficient and provide results that are less prone to error. If you've ever thought "Surely there must be a better way to do this", then this is the event for you!
There is also a fuller description—check it out.


Enter your name, and click Start. You will have 40 seconds to guess as many words as you can. Beware! Using Backspace will result in penalties!
Have fun!


FEniCS¶
In order to be able to run this code you need to have FEniCS installed. The best way to achieve this is to use a dockerized installation to run FEniCS. Refer to
FEniCS installation usually includes a minimum set of python libraries. However, you might need to install additional ones like.
It is recommended to create a named container with a folder shared with the local os:
$ docker run -ti -v $(pwd):/home/fenics/shared --name fenics-container quay.io/fenicsproject/stable
To start the container run
$ docker start fenics-container
To stop the container run
$ docker stop fenics-container
To run the container we can create a shell script containing
#!/bin/bash
docker exec -ti -u fenics fenics-container /bin/bash -l
Add execution permissions to the script
$ chmod +x run_fenics.sh
Then, we can just access the container by
$ ./run_fenics.sh
Python Modules¶
To run the analysis on the client side, make sure you have the following packages
Matplotlib
Scipy
h5py
pandas
tqdm
Installation of dependencies using PIP¶
Install the matplotlib package
$ pip install matplotlib
Install scipy
$ pip install scipy
Install the h5py package
$ pip install h5py
Install pandas
$ pip install pandas
Install tqdm (for progress bars)
$ pip install tqdm
Installation of dependencies using conda¶
Conda distributions usually come with matplotlib, scipy. In case your distribution does not include it you can run
$ conda install matplotlib
$ conda install scipy
Install the h5py package
$ conda install h5py
Install pandas
$ conda install pandas
Install tqdm (for progress bars)
$ conda install -c conda-forge tqdm


SlideTutor is an educational system that can be used by pathology residents, fellows and practicing pathologists, to learn how to arrive at a correct pathologic diagnosis and how to accurately report their findings. SlideTutor uses “virtual slides” that you can examine just as you would look at cases under your microscope, but also provides space for you to describe what you are seeing and deciding, as well as space to type your report.
SlideTutor is an example of a new kind of computer based medical education – a cognitive tutor and simulator that provides immediate feedback as you work. SlideTutor monitors your work, and steps in with helpful explanations if you make a mistake. SlideTutor can also provide advice to help you move efficiently down the correct reasoning path. As you work, SlideTutor keeps track of how you are learning, and adapts its' interaction to fit your specific educational needs.
Studies in our laboratory have shown that SlideTutor is highly effective. On average, students are able to improve their diagnostic and reporting performance by a factor of four after as little as 4 hours of use of the system. [1][2]


Let's talk about us
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Cause if you do, you can join for Free! Click the button below and start saving time and looking good while doing it. Start Cristmas Shopping in July. Black Friday? How about Orange Wednesday!


Firefox Marketplace Privacy Policy
July 3, 2013
We care about your privacy. When Mozilla (that's us) collects information about you from the Firefox Marketplace, our privacy policy describes how we handle that information.
Things you should know
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Your privacy is an important factor that Mozilla (that's us) considers in the development of each of our products and services. We are committed to being transparent and open and want you to know how we receive information about you, and what we do with that information once we have it.
What do we mean by "personal information?"
For us, "personal information" means information which identifies you, like your name or email address.
Any information that falls outside of this is "non-personal information."
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|
1 Drop some plan
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2 Make a schedule
|
|
3 Find a product manager
|
4 Hold on endless mittings
|
|
1 More expensive
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2 Stress
|
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3 Result could be better
|
4 Energy has drained
|
Scram is a simple framework to boost productivity, and deliver products that will satisfy the customers


{% load static %}
Learn from resouces that others suggest
Advice and tips to alleviate stress
Need to talk it out and discuss your thoughts?


I'm a Full Stack Developer with experience in Python, Ruby, and JavaScript. I have also consulted Fortune 500 companies regarding corporate innovation and startup engagement. I speak four languages: English (native), Korean (fluent), Mandarin Chinese (fluent), Japanese (fluent). I'll solve a Rubik's cube for you if you ask.
Advised multinational corporations (e.g. Principal Financial, Samsung, Huawei, Nintendo) on their long-term innovation and startup engagement strategies. Areas of engagement include FinTech/InsurTech, Blockchain, IoT, Mobility, and more.
Created new program and established new team to consult international high school students preparing college applications. Founded program in one city (Nanjing) in 2012 and expanded to 20 cities across China by 2016. Students have gone on to top US schools, including MIT, University of Chicago, and Wesleyan University, some on full scholarships.


Source code of ToyBox Version info write down at "ToyBox/VERSION", and it follow Semantic Versioning 2.0.0 Version 0.1.0 player Type "player.exe --version" to request version number. Beta Version Version 0.1.0 ToyBox SDK Some third-party libraries are too heavy to included. So I built them and put in here. Repository


muduno
Overview
| Engagements | {{location.engagements}} |
| Social Shares | {{location.socialShares}} |
| Claims | {{location.claims}} |
| Rewards Left | {{location.rewardsLeft}} |
| Reward Type | {{location.rewardType}} |
| Engagements | {{location.engagements}} |
| Social Shares | {{location.socialShares}} |
| Claims | {{location.claims}} |
| Rewards Left | {{location.rewardsLeft}} |
| Reward Type | {{location.rewardType}} |


class Simulator
extends java.lang.Object
| Modifier and Type | Field | Description |
|---|---|---|
private int |
busy |
Represents the status of the servers.
|
private java.util.ArrayList<Tuple> |
callDuration |
Represents the table of call duration
|
private int |
clientsServed |
Number of clients that have been served.
|
private int |
clock |
Represents the simulation clock
|
private java.util.Comparator<Event> |
comparator |
|
private int |
queueLength |
Queue length.
|
private java.util.Random |
rnd |
Variable to generate random numbers.
|
private static int |
servers |
Represents the number of server available
|
private java.util.PriorityQueue<Event> |
tableOfEvents |
Represents an event priority queue.
|
private java.util.ArrayList<Tuple> |
timeBetweenCalls |
Represents the table of time between calls
|
| Constructor | Description |
|---|---|
Simulator(java.util.ArrayList<Tuple> timeBetweenCalls,
java.util.ArrayList<Tuple> callDuration) |
Class constructor.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method | Description |
|---|---|---|
private int |
cumulativeDistributionFunction(java.util.ArrayList<Tuple> table) |
CumulativeDistributionFunction
|
private void |
generateArrival() |
Generate a new arrival
|
private void |
generateDeparture() |
Generate a new departure
|
private void |
processArrival() |
Process an arrival
|
private void |
processDeparture() |
Process a Departure
|
(package private) void |
simulate(int id) |
Start a simulation process.
|
private static final int servers
private int clock
private java.util.Comparator<Event> comparator
private java.util.PriorityQueue<Event> tableOfEvents
private int busy
private int queueLength
private int clientsServed
private java.util.Random rnd
private java.util.ArrayList<Tuple> timeBetweenCalls
private java.util.ArrayList<Tuple> callDuration
void simulate(int id)
id
- The id of simulation.private void processArrival()
private void processDeparture()
private void generateDeparture()
private void generateArrival()
private int cumulativeDistributionFunction(java.util.ArrayList<Tuple> table)
table
- distribution


Crystallographic data (Models)¶
Schema overview¶
[Explain schema]
Model details¶
-
class
viewer.models.
Project
(*args, **kwargs)¶ Django model for holding information about a project. This is used on the Targets level, adding a new project for each target, and saving a list of users that can access a target during the authentication step
- Parameters
title (CharField) – The title of the project
init_date (DateTimeField) – The date the project was initiated (autofield)
user_id (ManyToManyField) – Links to the User model
-
class
viewer.models.
Target
(*args, **kwargs)¶ Django model to define a Target - a protein.
- Parameters
title (CharField) – The name of the target
init_date (DateTimeField) – The date the target was initiated (autofield)
project_id (ManyToManyField) – Links targets to projects for authentication
uniprot_id (Charfield) – Optional field where a uniprot id can be stored
metadata (FileField) – Optional file upload defining metadata about the target - can be used to add custom site labels
zip_archive (FileField) – Link to zip file created from targets uploaded with the loader
-
class
viewer.models.
Protein
(*args, **kwargs)¶ Django model for holding information about a protein. A protein is a protein structure which has a unique set of 3D coordinates, rather than a target, which is a set of protein objects of the same protein. A Molecule object is also linked to a protein, so that a complete structure is comprised of the molecule and protein in separate parts in fragalysis.
- Parameters
code (CharField) – A unique name for the protein (e.g. NUDT5A-x0001_1)
target_id (ForeignKey) – Foreign key linking the protein to it’s target
apo_holo (NullBooleanField) – 0 for apo (ligand removed), 1 for holo (ligand in tact)
prot_type (CharField) –
protein type - from a pre-defined list and determined by file extension on upload (defined in loader.config.get_prot_choices):
prot_choices = ( (APO, “Apo”, “_apo.pdb”, “APO”), (STRIPPED, “Stripped”, “_no_buffer_altlocs.pdb”, “STRIPPED”), (TLEAPED, “Tleaped”, “_tleap.pdb”, “TLEAP”), (CHUNKED, “Chunked”, “_chunk.pdb”, “CHUNK”), (BOUND, “Bound”, ‘_bound.pdb’, “BOUND”) )
pdb_info (FileField) – File link to apo pdb structure - pdb file with ligand removed
bound_info (FileField) – File link to bound state structure - same as apo pdb but with ligand in-tact
cif_info (FileField) – File link to cif file for ligand restraints (optional)
mtz_info (FileField) – File link to uploaded mtz file (optional)
map_info (FileField) – File link to uploaded map file (optional)
trans_matrix_info (FileField) – File link to uploaded transformation matrix file (optional)
aligned (NullBooleanField) – Bool - 1 if aligned, 0 if not
aligned_to (ForeignKey (self)) – Foreign key to another instance of a protein to which this protein is aligned (optional)
has_eds (NullBooleanField) – Bool - 1 if has ED, 0 it not (optional)
-
class
viewer.models.
Compound
(*args, **kwargs)¶ Django model for holding information about a compound, which is a unique 2D molecule
- Parameters
inchi (CharField) – The inchi key of the compound
long_inchi (TextField) – For historical reasons, the inchifield cannot be removed, but has a max limit of 255 characters. If the inchi key for a compound is longer than this, it is stored in the long_inchi field, and the inchi key is concatenated to the first 255 characters. (optional) TODO: Use a method to get the inchi key
smiles (Charfield) – The SMILES string representation of the compound
current_identifier (Charfield) – The identifier for this compound that is used in Fragalysis to represent it’s 3D molecule (optional)
all_identifiers (TextField) – A comma separated list of all identifiers that have been used in the past to represent this 2D compound
project_id (ManyToManyField) – Many to Many foreign key relationship to all projects that this compound is associated to (prevents duplication of compounds across multiple targets)
mol_log_p (FloatField) – Computed LogP value (from rdkit)
mol_wt (FloatField) – Computed molecular weight (Da) (from rdkit)
tpsa (FloatField) – Computed Topological Polar Surface Area (from rdkit)
heavy_atom_count (IntegerField) – Computed heavy (non-hydrogen) atom count (from rdkit)
heavy_atom_mol_wt (FloatField) – Computed molecular weight of all heavy (non-hydrogen) atoms (from rdkit)
nhoh_count (IntegerField) – Computed number of hydroxylamine groups (from rdkit)
no_count (IntegerField) – Computed number of nitroso groups (from rdkit)
num_h_acceptors (IntegerField) – Computed number of hydrogen-bond acceptor groups (from rdkit)
num_h_donors (IntegerField) – Computed number of hydrogen-bond donor groups (from rdkit)
num_het_atoms (IntegerField) – Computed number of heterogeneous atoms (from rdkit)
num_rot_bonds (IntegerField) – Computed number of rotatable bonds (from rdkit)
num_val_electrons (IntegerField) – Computed number of valence electrons (from rdkit)
ring_count (IntegerField) – Computed number of rings in the molecule (from rdkit)
inspirations (ManyToManyField) – Foreign key link to any number of 3D Molecules that inspired the design of this compound
description (TextField) – A description of the compound added by a user (optional)
comments (TextField) – A free-text comments field (optional)
-
class
viewer.models.
Molecule
(*args, **kwargs)¶ Django model for holding information about a Molecule. A molecule is linked to a compound, and represents the unique 3D coordinates for that molecule. Note a compound can be linked to multiple molecules, each with a different 3D structure, but the same 2D structure
- Parameters
smiles (CharField) – The smiles string of the molecule. (optional) TODO: Check if this is needed…
lig_id (CharField) – The ligand ID from the pdb file it originated from (e.g. LIG 1 A) (optional)
chain_id (CharField) – The chain from the protein structure pdb file that this ligand is from (e.g. A) (optional)
mol_type (CharField) –
molecule type - from a pre-defined list and determined by file extension on upload (defined in loader.config.get_mol_choices): mol_choices = ( (PROASIS, “Proasis molecule”, “.mol”, “MOL”), (SDF, “Sdf molecule”, “.sdf”, “SDF”), (HYDROGEN, “Hydrogens added “, “_h.mol”, “H_MOL”), (
HYDROGEN_AM1_CHARGES, “Mol2 format with Hydrogens and AM1 BCC”, “.mol2”, “MOL2”,
), )
sdf_info (TextField) – The 3D coordinates for the molecule in MDL (mol file) format. Taken directly from the uploaded file
rscc (FloatField) – The RSCC score of the molecule 3D coordinates vs. PANDDA event map (optional)
occupancy (FloatField) – The occupancy (electron density) of the molecule (optional)
x_com (FloatField) – x-coordinate for centre of mass (optional)
y_com (FloatField) – y-coordinate for centre of mass (optional)
z_com (FloatField) – z-coordinate for centre of mass (optional)
rmsd (FloatField) – RMSD of this molecule compared to ? (optional - unused)
prot_id (ForeignKey) – Foreign key link to the associated protein (apo) that this ligand was pulled from
cmpd_id (ForeignKey) – Foreign key link to the associated 2D compound
sdf_file (FileField) – File link to uploaded sdf file (optional)
history (HistoricalRecords) – Tracks the changes made to an instance of this model over time


{% if not is_xhr|default(false) %}{% extends "base.html" %}{% endif -%}
{% block content %}
Usama Ahmed
| This is testing
I have successfuly added a new page and have started integrating Module 2: CAIQ based Evaluation, with Module 1 Registration. Working with Python / Flask like a boss. |


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Celtic strikes late at Lazio to progress in Europa League
by CIARÁN FAHEYBERLIN (AP) - Olivier Ntcham scored deep in injury time for Celtic to book its place in the knockout stages of the Europa League with a 2-1 come-from-behind win at Lazio on Thursday.
The French midfielder, who previously played for Lazio’s Italian rival Genoa, lifted the ball over goalkeeper Thomas Strakosha after Odsonne Edouard capitalized on a mistake from Valon Berisha to set him up in the 95th minute.
The goal set off wild celebrations among an estimated 9,000 Celtic fans attending the game at Rome’s Stadio Olimpico.
Police said two traveling fans had been stabbed by Lazio supporters before the game, following a brawl outside a pub, and that five Lazio fans were stopped for possession of dangerous materials such as baseball bats and knives.
With just three points from its opening three games, Lazio needed a win to have any realistic hopes of progressing. The home side took a seventh-minute lead through Ciro Immobile before pushing for more.
But James Forrest equalized with Celtic’s first attempt in the 38th and Ntcham’s late lob all but ended Lazio’s prospects of advancing from Group E.
With two games remaining, Celtic leads with 10 points, one ahead of Romanian side Cluj, which beat Rennes 1-0, and seven ahead of Lazio. Rennes has one point.
Former champion Sevilla also booked its place in the knockout stages, with a 5-2 win at Luxembourg champion Dudelange.
The Spanish side raced into a four-goal lead in the first 36 minutes, with Munir completing his hat trick in the second half.
APOEL Nicosia defeated Qarabag 2-1 in the other Group A game. Sevilla is through with 12 points, followed by APOEL and Qarabag on four with Dudelange propped the group on three points.
Maxime Lestienne scored in injury time for Belgian side Standard Lüttich to beat Eintracht Frankfurt 2-1.
There were wins too for Basel, Krasnodar, Sporting Lisbon and Austrian side LASK Linz.
Manchester United, Roma and Porto were in action later Thursday.
More AP soccer: https://apnews.com/Soccer and https://twitter.com/AP_Sports
Ciarán Fahey on Twitter: https://twitter.com/cfaheyAP
Sign up for Daily Newsletters
Copyright © 2019 The Washington Times, LLC.
Please read our comment policy before commenting.


so I will mainly focus on $D_{<:}$.
There are three core features:
x.A
), T $\wedge$ U
), and Let's focus on path dependent types.
class NotEnoughBalance(amount : Long) extends RuntimeException
trait Account {
type B <: Bank
def id : Int
protected var _balance : Long
def balance : Long = _balance
def deposit(amount : Long) : Long = {
_balance += amount
balance
}
def withdraw(amount : Long) : Long = {
if (amount > balance) {
throw new NotEnoughBalance(amount)
}
_balance -= amount
balance
}
}
trait Bank { self =>
type A <: Account { type B = self.type }
def lookupAccount(id : Int) : A
def createAccount(initialBalance : Long = 0) : A
def transfer(amount : Long, from : self.A,
toBank : Bank, to : toBank.A) : Unit = {
from.withdraw(amount)
to.deposit(amount)
}
}
Note that to
has type toBank.A
which depends on a previous input.
object BankOfWaterloo extends Bank { /* ... */ }
object WaterlooBank extends Bank { /* ... */ }
val david = BankOfWaterloo.createAccount(200)
val elly = WaterlooBank.createAccount(300)
def transfer(amount : Long, from : self.A,
toBank : Bank, to : toBank.A) : Unit
BankOfWaterloo.transfer(10, david, WaterlooBank, elly)
This program transfers 10 dollars from David to Elly.
It type checks as David is with Bank of Waterloo and Elly is with Waterloo Bank.
BankOfWaterloo.transfer(10, david, BankOfWaterloo, ellyelly)
^^^^
What about this program?
Notice that Elly is with Waterloo Bank so she has type WaterlooBank.A
and
the program will be rejected.
Path depedent types are powerful and flexible, but...
$D_{<:}$ is the simplest calculus in the DOT calculi family. It has only path depedent types out of the three core features.
The idea is to show that a complete type checking algorithm is impossible, i.e. type checking is undecidable.
Consider a rejected judgment in $F_{<:}$: $\vdash (\top \to \top) <: (\forall X <: \top. \top)$.
Definition of $F_{<:}$:
Removing function types ($\to$) from $F_{<:}$ gives $F^-_{<:}$.
Let $\Gamma = x : \{ A : S .. U\}$:
This new definition of $D_{<:}$ is called $D_{<:}$ normal form.
x.A
.By reduction from $F^-_{<:}$.
We want to maintain transitivity and drop bad bounds.
But in $D_{<:}$, one cannot achieve both at the same time.
Since it is undecidable, we can only target a fragment of admissble subtyping.
In my thesis, there are 2 decidable fragments of $D_{<:}$.
The following is the definition of $D_{<:}$:
First let's remove the BB rule.
Then make the parameter type of the All rule identical.
This is the definition of kernel $D_{<:}$.
Consider
The idea is to realize that subtyping can be achieved by more than one context!
Pierce 92 explained that this rule introduces undecidability.
But his proof only works if there is only one context.
Now the premises of this rule are simply structurally smaller subproblems.
Data member types are covariant.
Intersection types are monotone.
Intersection types are greatest lower bounds.
There is also a decidable strong kernel by extending strong kernel $D_{<:}$ with a straightforward adaptation:
I have not discussed $\mu$ types.
$\mu$ types define objects in a way typical in object oriented languages.
In my thesis, I defined $\mu$-DART and jDOT, in which I constructed an incomplete algorithm for each (c.f. Chapter 6 and 7).
However, with $\mu$ it is very difficult to prove the calculus undecidable!
Strong kernels simply remove the BB rule. What is a decidable fragment of bad bounds?
As we've seen, the BB rule is equivalent to transitivity so recovering a fragment of bad bounds recovers a fragment of transitivity, which is a desirable property.
It is even unclear at this point whether the BB rule introduces undecidability!
| features | name | decidable? | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| bad bounds | full All |
intersections | $\mu$ types | ||
| yes | yes |
no | no | $D_{<:}$ | no |
| no | no | no | no | (strong) kernel $D_{<:}$ | yes |
| no | yes | no | no | $D_{<:}$ without Trans | no |
| yes | yes | yes | no | $D_{\wedge}$ | no |
| no | no | yes | no | strong kernel $D_{\wedge}$ | yes |
| yes/no | yes/no | no | yes | $\mu$DART | unknown |
| yes/no | yes/no | yes | yes | DOT | unknown |
| yes/no | yes/no | yes | yes | jDOT | unknown |
References:
[Pierce 92] Benjamin C. Pierce. 1992. Bounded quantification is undecidable. In Proceedings of the 19th ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT symposium on Principles of programming languages (POPL '92).
[Amin et al. 12] Nada Amin, Adriaan Moors & Martin Odersky, FOOL'12: 19th International Workshop on Foundations of Object-Oriented Languages, October 2012
[Amin et al. 16] Amin N., Grütter S., Odersky M., Rompf T., Stucki S. (2016) The Essence of Dependent Object Types.
[Rompf and Amin 16] Tiark Rompf and Nada Amin. 2016. Type soundness for dependent object types (DOT). SIGPLAN Not. 51, 10 (October 2016), 624-641.
[Rapoport et al. 17] Marianna Rapoport, Ifaz Kabir, Paul He, and Ondřej Lhoták. 2017. A simple soundness proof for dependent object types. Proc. ACM Program. Lang. 1, OOPSLA, Article 46 (October 2017), 27 pages.
[Pierce 92] Benjamin C. Pierce. 2002. Types and Programming Languages (1st ed.). The MIT Press.


All these events exists as config-parameters, and as $.Callbacks
on the global pager
.
Thus they can be used like
data-bind="page: {onSomeEvent: someCallback}"
or
pager.onSomeEvent.add(someCallback);
onNoMatch : {page:Page,route:String[]}
onMatch : {page:Page,route:String[]}
Similar to onNoMatch
, but triggers whenever a match is found.
onBindingError : Function({page:Page,url:String,xhrPromise:$.Promise})
onSourceError : Function({page:Page,url:String,xhrPromise:$.Promise})
beforeHide : Function(Page)
beforeShow : Function(Page)
afterHide : Function(Page)
afterShow : Function(Page)
beforeRemove : Function(Page)
Triggered when a page is removed from the DOM but before the page is removed from the parent page.
afterRemove : Function(Page)
Triggered when a page is removed from the DOM but after the page is removed from the parent page.


| Annotation Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Exemplar |
Identifies a method that should be tested and specifies test data and optionally stubs and/or an
expected result.
|
| Exemplars |
Allows multiple Exemplars to be defined.
|
| HasJUnit |
Demarks a JUnit test class for a class.
|
| IgnoreTestCoverage |
Prevents Sureassert UC gathering or reporting any test coverage data for the annotated class,
method or constructor.
|
| MultiUseCase |
Allows multiple use-cases to be defined.
|
| NamedClass |
Assigns a name to a class.
|
| NamedInstance |
Assigns a name to the instance returned by a field, or if specified on
a class assigns a name to the instance returned by the default constructor.
|
| NoAutoRun |
Prevents Sureassert UC running any JUnit tests on the annotated class automatically.
|
| SINType |
Identifies a method that can be used as a SIN Type within SIN expressions.
|
| Stubs |
Identifies stubs to apply when running the annotated JUnit test method.
|
| TestDouble |
Demarks a class as a test-double for a stated class.
|
| TestState |
Specifies values to be set on a field in the use case execution context,
before UseCases are run on the class.
|
| UseCase |
Identifies a method that should be tested and specifies test data and optionally stubs and/or an
expected result.
|


Protocol
TestFailer
public protocol TestFailer
A type that can handle test failures emitted by Mockingbird.
Requirements
fail(message:isFatal:file:line:)
func fail(message: String, isFatal: Bool, file: StaticString, line: UInt)
Fail the current test case.
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| message | String |
A description of the failure. |
| isFatal | Bool |
If |
| file | StaticString |
The file where the failure occurred. |
| line | UInt |
The line in the file where the failure occurred. |