API
Client for interacting with the Asterisk Rest Interface.
Constructor Summary
| Public Constructor | ||
| public |
constructor(params: object) Creates a new awry API instance, providing clients for all available Asterisk ARI endpoints. |
Member Summary
| Public Members | ||
| public |
|
|
| public |
|
|
| public |
|
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| public |
|
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| public |
|
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| public |
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| public |
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Public Constructors
public constructor(params: object) source
Creates a new awry API instance, providing clients for all available Asterisk ARI endpoints.
Params:
| Name | Type | Attribute | Description |
| params | object | ||
| params.username | string | The username to send with the request. |
|
| params.password | string | The password to send with the request. |
|
| params.baseUrl | string | The base url, without trailing slash, of the root Asterisk ARI endpoint. i.e. 'http://myserver.local:8088/ari'. |


--- layout: newsstory title: LONG LIVE THE KING match: Yeltz 2 Merthyr 0 ---
Colin Brookes says he doesn't want to be the new manager, but his spell as caretaker manager has started excellently. Two wins on the trot and no goals conceded . Unbelievable!
The latest victory was against last year's runners-up Merthyr. The Yeltz took advantage of the strong wind in the second half to score two excellent goals. Delton scored the first from a crisp Crisp cross, and Piearce clinched an excellent result with a controversial second, on the break after Merthyr were denied a penalty, poor things. :-)


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{% include 'includes/top-stats.html' %}
Wildfire Severity in California
Red: 100,000+ acres will be burnt until end of 2020
Blue: 20,000 - 100,000 will be burnt until end of 2020
Green: < 20,000 will be burnt until end of 2020
{% include 'includes/footer.html' %}


Installing and getting started¶
Official releases of seaborn can be installed from PyPI:
pip install seaborn
The library is also included as part of the Anaconda distribution:
conda install seaborn
Dependencies¶
Supported Python versions¶
Python 3.6+
Required dependencies¶
If not already present, these libraries will be downloaded when you install seaborn.
Optional dependencies¶
statsmodels, for advanced regression plots
fastcluster, for clustering large matrices
Quickstart¶
Once you have seaborn installed, you’re ready to get started. To test it out, you could load and plot one of the example datasets:
import seaborn as sns
df = sns.load_dataset("penguins")
sns.pairplot(df, hue="species")
If you’re working in a Jupyter notebook or an IPython terminal with
matplotlib mode
enabled, you should immediately see the plot.
Otherwise, you may need to explicitly call matplotlib.pyplot.show()
:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.show()
While you can get pretty far with only seaborn imported, having access to matplotlib functions is often useful. The tutorials and API documentation typically assume the following imports:
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
Debugging install issues¶
The seaborn codebase is pure Python, and the library should generally install
without issue. Occasionally, difficulties will arise because the dependencies
include compiled code and link to system libraries. These difficulties
typically manifest as errors on import with messages such as "DLL load
failed"
. To debug such problems, read through the exception trace to
figure out which specific library failed to import, and then consult the
installation docs for that package to see if they have tips for your particular
system.
In some cases, an installation of seaborn will appear to succeed, but trying
to import it will raise an error with the message "No module named
seaborn"
. This usually means that you have multiple Python installations on
your system and that your pip
or conda
points towards a different
installation than where your interpreter lives. Resolving this issue
will involve sorting out the paths on your system, but it can sometimes be
avoided by invoking pip
with python -m pip install seaborn
.
Getting help¶
If you think you’ve encountered a bug in seaborn, please report it on the GitHub issue tracker. To be useful, bug reports must include the following information:
A reproducible code example that demonstrates the problem
The output that you are seeing (an image of a plot, or the error message)
A clear explanation of why you think something is wrong
The specific versions of seaborn and matplotlib that you are working with
Bug reports are easiest to address if they can be demonstrated using one of the
example datasets from the seaborn docs (i.e. with load_dataset()
).
Otherwise, it is preferable that your example generate synthetic data to
reproduce the problem. If you can only demonstrate the issue with your
actual dataset, you will need to share it, ideally as a csv.
If you’ve encountered an error, searching the specific text of the message before opening a new issue can often help you solve the problem quickly and avoid making a duplicate report.
Because matplotlib handles the actual rendering, errors or incorrect outputs may be due to a problem in matplotlib rather than one in seaborn. It can save time if you try to reproduce the issue in an example that uses only matplotlib, so that you can report it in the right place. But it is alright to skip this step if it’s not obvious how to do it.
General support questions are more at home on either stackoverflow or discourse, which have a larger audience of people who will see your post and may be able to offer assistance. StackOverflow is better for specific issues, while discourse is better for more open-ended discussion. Your chance of getting a quick answer will be higher if you include runnable code, a precise statement of what you are hoping to achieve, and a clear explanation of the problems that you have encountered.


Link with id
Link with name
Link with title
Text {{singleExpression}} only
Text {{multiExpression}} only {{multiExpression2}}
Text only
Nested link with title {{item}}
Click here {{element}}
What is a Page Object?


|
UAV Coverage Path Planner
|
#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>
#include <list>
#include <stack>
#include <vector>
#include <CGAL/Exact_predicates_inexact_constructions_kernel.h>
#include <CGAL/Partition_is_valid_traits_2.h>
#include <CGAL/Partition_traits_2.h>
#include <CGAL/partition_2.h>
#include <CGAL/point_generators_2.h>
#include <CGAL/polygon_function_objects.h>
#include <CGAL/random_polygon_2.h>
#include <ros/ros.h>
#include <geometry_msgs/Point.h>
Go to the source code of this file.
Typedefs | |
| using | PointVector = std::vector< geometry_msgs::Point > |
| using | LineSegment = std::array< geometry_msgs::Point, 2 > |
| using | LineSegmentVector = std::vector< LineSegment > |
| using | K = CGAL::Exact_predicates_inexact_constructions_kernel |
| using | Traits = CGAL::Partition_traits_2< K > |
| using | Polygon_2 = Traits::Polygon_2 |
| using | Point_2 = Traits::Point_2 |
| using | Vertex_iterator = Polygon_2::Vertex_const_iterator |
| using | Polygon_list = std::list< Polygon_2 > |
Functions | |
| double | calculateSignedArea (const geometry_msgs::Point &p1, const geometry_msgs::Point &p2, const geometry_msgs::Point &p3) |
| Calculates signed area of given triangle. More... | |
| bool | operator== (const geometry_msgs::Point &p1, const geometry_msgs::Point &p2) |
| Check equality of two points. More... | |
| bool | operator!= (const geometry_msgs::Point &p1, const geometry_msgs::Point &p2) |
| Check equality of two points. More... | |
| LineSegmentVector | generateEdgeVector (const PointVector &vec, bool isClosed) |
| Generate Vector of line segment from given PointVector. More... | |
| double | calculateDistance (const geometry_msgs::Point &p1, const geometry_msgs::Point &p2) |
| Calculates distance between given two points. More... | |
| double | calculateVertexAngle (const geometry_msgs::Point &p1, const geometry_msgs::Point &p2, const geometry_msgs::Point &p3) |
| Calculates angle between segment p1p2 and p1p3. More... | |
| double | calculateHorizontalAngle (const geometry_msgs::Point &p1, const geometry_msgs::Point &p2) |
| Calculates angle between segment p1p2 and horizontal line. More... | |
| double | calculateDistance (const LineSegment &edge, const geometry_msgs::Point &vertex) |
| Calculates distance between given edge and vertex. More... | |
| PointVector | computeConvexHull (PointVector points) |
| Returns convex hull of given points. More... | |
| bool | isConvex (PointVector points) |
| Checks if given polygon is convex or not. More... | |
| bool | hasIntersection (const LineSegment &edge1, const LineSegment &edge2) |
| Checks if given edges intersect each other. More... | |
| bool | hasIntersection (const LineSegmentVector &vec1, const LineSegmentVector &vec2) |
| Checks if given vectors of edges have at least one intersection. More... | |
| geometry_msgs::Point | localizeIntersection (const LineSegment &edge1, const LineSegment &edge2) |
| Find the location where given edges intersect each other. More... | |
| PointVector | rotatePoints (const PointVector &points, double angle_rad) |
| Rotate points by given angle around the origin. More... | |
| std::vector< PointVector > | decomposePolygon (const PointVector &polygon) |
| Decompose given polygon. More... | |
| using K = CGAL::Exact_predicates_inexact_constructions_kernel |
Definition at line 42 of file cgutil.hpp.
| using LineSegment = std::array<geometry_msgs::Point, 2> |
Definition at line 38 of file cgutil.hpp.
| using LineSegmentVector = std::vector<LineSegment> |
Definition at line 39 of file cgutil.hpp.
| using Point_2 = Traits::Point_2 |
Definition at line 45 of file cgutil.hpp.
| using PointVector = std::vector<geometry_msgs::Point> |
Definition at line 37 of file cgutil.hpp.
| using Polygon_2 = Traits::Polygon_2 |
Definition at line 44 of file cgutil.hpp.
| using Polygon_list = std::list<Polygon_2> |
Definition at line 47 of file cgutil.hpp.
Definition at line 43 of file cgutil.hpp.
| using Vertex_iterator = Polygon_2::Vertex_const_iterator |
Definition at line 46 of file cgutil.hpp.
|
inline |
Calculates distance between given two points.
| p1 | |
| p2 |
Definition at line 158 of file cgutil.hpp.
| double calculateDistance | ( | const LineSegment & | edge, |
| const geometry_msgs::Point & | vertex | ||
| ) |
Calculates distance between given edge and vertex.
| edge | An edge of given polygon |
| vertex | A vertex of given polygon |
Definition at line 216 of file cgutil.hpp.
| double calculateHorizontalAngle | ( | const geometry_msgs::Point & | p1, |
| const geometry_msgs::Point & | p2 | ||
| ) |
Calculates angle between segment p1p2 and horizontal line.
| p1 | A vertex which is the origin of segment p1p2 |
| p2 | The other vertex of segment p1p2 |
Definition at line 202 of file cgutil.hpp.
|
inline |
Calculates signed area of given triangle.
| p1 | The origin of vector and |
| p2 | The end point of vector |
| p3 | The end point of vector |
Signed area of triangle is half of the outer product of vector and .
And that can be written as follows,
Definition at line 74 of file cgutil.hpp.
| double calculateVertexAngle | ( | const geometry_msgs::Point & | p1, |
| const geometry_msgs::Point & | p2, | ||
| const geometry_msgs::Point & | p3 | ||
| ) |
Calculates angle between segment p1p2 and p1p3.
| p1 | A vertex which is the origin of segment p1p2 and p1p3 |
| p2 | The other point of segment p1p2 |
| p3 | The other point of segment p1p3 |
Definition at line 170 of file cgutil.hpp.
| PointVector computeConvexHull | ( | PointVector | points | ) |
Returns convex hull of given points.
| points | A set of points in the plane |
This function is based on graham scan algorithm
Definition at line 249 of file cgutil.hpp.
| std::vector<PointVector> decomposePolygon | ( | const PointVector & | polygon | ) |
Decompose given polygon.
| polygon | Polygon to be decomposed |
This function uses CGAL::optimal_convex_partition_2 in order to perform optimal polygon decomposition. Note that this function has O(n^4) time complexity and O(n^3) space complexity. Use approx_convex_partition_2 instead if the number of vertices are big because its time complexity is O(n). But apptox_convex_partition_2 generates more polygons. For detail, see https://doc.cgal.org/latest/Partition_2/index.html
Definition at line 468 of file cgutil.hpp.
| LineSegmentVector generateEdgeVector | ( | const PointVector & | vec, |
| bool | isClosed | ||
| ) |
Generate Vector of line segment from given PointVector.
| vec | |
| isClosed | Set true if the first point and the last are connected |
Definition at line 116 of file cgutil.hpp.
| bool hasIntersection | ( | const LineSegment & | edge1, |
| const LineSegment & | edge2 | ||
| ) |
Checks if given edges intersect each other.
| edge1 | An edge |
| edge2 | An edge |
Definition at line 335 of file cgutil.hpp.
| bool hasIntersection | ( | const LineSegmentVector & | vec1, |
| const LineSegmentVector & | vec2 | ||
| ) |
Checks if given vectors of edges have at least one intersection.
| vec1 | Vector of line segments |
| vec2 | Vector of line segments |
Definition at line 375 of file cgutil.hpp.
|
inline |
Checks if given polygon is convex or not.
| points | Points consisting of polygon is to be checked |
Definition at line 324 of file cgutil.hpp.
| geometry_msgs::Point localizeIntersection | ( | const LineSegment & | edge1, |
| const LineSegment & | edge2 | ||
| ) |
Find the location where given edges intersect each other.
| edge1 | |
| edge2 |
See http://mf-atelier.sakura.ne.jp/mf-atelier/modules/tips/program/algorithm/a1.html
Definition at line 398 of file cgutil.hpp.
| bool operator!= | ( | const geometry_msgs::Point & | p1, |
| const geometry_msgs::Point & | p2 | ||
| ) |
Check equality of two points.
| p1 | |
| p2 |
Definition at line 105 of file cgutil.hpp.
| bool operator== | ( | const geometry_msgs::Point & | p1, |
| const geometry_msgs::Point & | p2 | ||
| ) |
Check equality of two points.
| p1 | |
| p2 |
See https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4010240/comparing-doubles
Definition at line 87 of file cgutil.hpp.
| PointVector rotatePoints | ( | const PointVector & | points, |
| double | angle_rad | ||
| ) |
Rotate points by given angle around the origin.
| points | Points to be rotated |
| angle_rad | Rotation angle in radian |
Definition at line 437 of file cgutil.hpp.


About
Erase All Kittens is a platform game with a difference: the levels are written in HTML and CSS, and the only way to get past them is to use your coding skills to hack the level.
Use the A and D or ← and → keys to go left and right. Use W, space, or ↑ to jump.
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info below
flowchart TD
db[(PostgreSQL
database)]
broker{RabbitMQ
broker}
db --> broker
box --> broker
broker --> db
broker --> box
db --> broker
box --> broker
flowchart LR
A{{A}}-- apa -->B{{B}};
click A callback "Tooltip"
click B "http://www.github.com" "This is a link"
graph LR
A{{A}}--apa-->B{{B}};
stateDiagram-v2
[*]-->TV
state TV {
state fork_state <<fork>>
[*] --> fork_state
fork_state --> State2
fork_state --> State3
state join_state <<join>>
State2 --> join_state
State3 --> join_state
join_state --> State4
State4 --> [*]
}
stateDiagram-v2
[*] --> Still
Still --> [*]
Still --> Moving
Moving --> Still
Moving --> Crash
Crash --> [*]
stateDiagram-v2
[*] --> First
First --> Third
First --> sec
state First {
[*] --> fir
fir --> [*]
}
state Second {
[*] --> sec
sec --> [*]
}
state Third {
[*] --> thi
thi --> [*]
}
thi --> sec
flowchart TD
subgraph A
a
end
subgraph B
b
end
subgraph C
subgraph D
d
end
end
A -- oAo --o B
A --> C
flowchart TD
subgraph A
a
end
subgraph B
b
end
c-->A
c-->B
stateDiagram-v2
[*] --> First
First --> Second
First --> Third
state First {
[*] --> fir
fir --> [*]
}
state Second {
[*] --> sec
sec --> [*]
}
state Third {
[*] --> thi
thi --> [*]
}
stateDiagram-v2
[*]-->TV
state TV {
[*] --> Off: Off to start with
On --> Off : Turn off
Off --> On : Turn on
}
TV--> Console
state Console {
[*] --> Off2: Off to start with
On2--> Off2 : Turn off
Off2 --> On2 : Turn on
On2-->Playing
state Playing {
Alive --> Dead
Dead-->Alive
}
}
stateDiagram-v2
state apa {
[*] --> Still
Still --> [*]
Still --> Moving
Moving --> Still
Moving --> Crash
Crash --> [*]
}
flowchart TB
a --> b
subgraph id1 [Test]
a --apa--> c
b
c-->b
b-->H
end
G-->H
G-->id1
id1 --> I
I --> G
flowchart RL
a --> b
subgraph id1 [Test]
a --apa--> c
b
c-->b
b-->H
end
G-->H
G-->id1
id1 --> I
I --> G
flowchart RL
subgraph id1 [Test]
a
end
b-->id1
flowchart RL
subgraph id1 [Test1]
a
end
subgraph id2 [Test2]
b
end
a --> id2
a --> b
b-->id1
id1 --> id2
new:
flowchart LR
a <--> b
b o--o c
c x--x d
a21([In the box]) --> b2
b2((b2)) --o c2
c2(c2) --x d2 --> id1{{This is the text in the box}} --> A[(cylindrical
shape
test)]
old:
graph LR
a((a)) --> b --> id1{{This is the text in the box}}
A[(cylindrical
shape
test)]


| stargazer_news {stargazer} | R Documentation |
This page summarizes the models, features, and bug fixes that were introduced in each release of stargazer
. Please note that I am always looking for comments and suggestions. Do not hesitate to contact me at hlavac [at] fas.harvard.edu.
v. 5.2:
- New models:
– arima (stats)
– censReg (censReg)
– garchFit (fGarch)
– glmrob (robustbase)
– lme (nlme)
– nlme (nlme)
– mnlogit (mnlogit)
– pgmm (plm)
- New features:
– decimal mark (argument decimal.mark
) now gets automatically updated in notes (argument notes
)
- Fixed bugs:
– felm (lfe) working again
– fixed formatting issues that led to an occasional inability to produce ASCII text output
– much faster output of multi-model tables with many omitted variables
– negative numbers are now properly displayed when initial.zero
is set to FALSE
– fixed minor bug that occasionally led to a misalignment of additional lines (argument add.lines
)
– lm() and glm() models now report AIC and BIC
– underscores are now properly formatted in column and dependent variable labels
– fixed an issue with the mlogit model that led LR tests to crash the output when no intercept was present
v. 5.1:
- New features:
– the CRAN description now lists packages whose usefulness is enhanced by stargazer
- Fixed bugs
– labels that indicate whether variables have been omitted from the model are now correctly assigned (argument omit.labels
)
– argument summary.stat
now functions properly
– out.header
and header
can both be set to false at the same time
– minor formatting changes
v. 5.0:
- New models:
– felm (lfe)
- New features:
– ability to produce HTML/CSS output (argument type
)
– vector and matrix objects are now acceptable (argument ...
)
– additional lines can be included in the tables (argument add.lines
)
– table layout is now fully customizable (arguments table.layout
and omit.table.layout
)
– choice over which summary statistics should be reported (arguments summary.stat
and omit.summary.stat
)
– users can choose whether and the order in which to report coefficients, standard errors, confidence intervals, test statistics and p-values (argument report
)
– object names can be reported above each column (argument object.names
)
– option to toggle the reporting of dependent variables and model names across several columns (argument multicolumn
)
– reporting of model statistics' degrees of freedom can now be suppressed (argument df
)
– users can now include more than three statistical significance cutoffs (argument star.cutoffs
)
– regression, summary statistic and data frame table can now be flipped (argument flip
)
– colnames and rownames can be included in, or excluded from, data frame content tables (arguments colnames
and rownames
)
– argument summary
can now have a different value for each table within a single stargazer()
call
– if arguments coef
, se
, t
, p
, ci.custom
and add.lines
only contain a single vector, they will be accepted as though they were a list containing the same vector
- Fixed bugs:
– fixed bug that caused the number of observations to be misreported in complicated models
– fixed bug that led to the omission of coefficients from output when multiple models had a single regressor
– notes
now working well for summary statistics and data frame tables
– font size can now be change even if floating environment is not used
– fixed compatability issues with latest version of Zelig
– argument apply.ci
now works properly
– minor formatting changes
v. 4.5.3:
- New features:
– model objects can now be passed to stargazer in a list (argument ...
)
- Fixed bugs:
– fixed problem with printing negative numbers in data frame and summary statistics tables
– corrected formatting of column widths in ASCII text output
– minor bug with lme4 covariate names corrected
v. 4.5.2:
- Fixed bugs:
– much faster output
– now compatible with the updated lme4 package
– corrected a bug that prevented users from including multiple models with a single covariate + intercept
– underscores now print correctly in ASCII text output
v. 4.5.1:
- Fixed bugs:
– fixed a bug involving the calculation of t-statistics from user-given coefficients and standard errors
v. 4.5:
- New models:
– binaryChoice (sampleSelection)
– brglm (brglm)
– coeftest (lmtest)
– heckit (sampleSelection)
– maBina (erer)
– mclogit (mclogit)
– mlogit (mlogit)
– selection (sampleSelection)
- New features:
– explanatory variables can be ordered in customizable ways (argument order
)
– custom functions can now be applied to coefficients (argument apply.coef
), standard errors (argument apply.se
), test statistics (argument apply.t
), p-values (argument apply.p
), and confidence intervals (argument apply.ci
)
– keep explanatory variables and statistics based on regular expressions (argument keep
and keep.stat
)
– users can customize confidence intervals (argument custom.ci
)
– ability to have both standard errors and confidence intervals in the same table (argument ci
is now a logical vector)
– different confidence levels for each individual column (argument ci.level
is now a vector)
– ability to omit and keep variables based on their position in the table
- Fixed bugs:
– citation and change log updates
– minor formatting changes
v. 4.0:
- New models:
– aftreg (eha)
– bj (rms)
– coxreg (eha)
– cph (rms)
– dynlm (dynlm)
– errorsarlm (spdep)
– Glm (rms)
– Gls (rms)
– gmm (gmm)
– hetglm (glmx)
– lrm (rms)
– mlreg (eha)
– lagsarlm (spdep)
– ols (rms)
– phreg (eha)
– psm (rms)
– rem.dyad (relevent)
– rq (quantreg)
– Rq (rms)
– weibreg (eha)
- New features:
– the package can produce ASCII text output, in addition to LaTeX code (argument type
)
– output directly to .tex or .txt files (argument out
)
– column labels (arguments column.labels
and column.separate
)
– confidence intervals (arguments ci
, ci.level
and ci.separator
)
– coefficients and standard errors/confidence intervals can now be reported in the same row (argument single.row
)
– users can choose to omit all empty lines in a table (argument no.space
)
– notes can now be appended to, rather than always replace, the default notes for a given style (argument notes.append
)
– ability to customize the dependent variable caption (argument dep.var.caption
)
– font size can now be changed (argument font.size
)
– comments header (with package and author name, version, date and time) can now be suppressed (argument header
)
– ability to change or disable the floating environment (arguments float
and float.env
)
– table placement settings (argument table.placement
)
– customization of column spacing (argument column.sep.width
)
– perl-compatible regular expressions (argument perl
)
- Fixed bugs:
– all columns are now displayed for multinom
objects
– better positioning of tables in the LaTeX document
– minor formatting changes
v. 3.0.1:
- Fixed bugs:
– corrected an issue that led to problems when printing data frames with multiple decimal places
– some reporting and formatting changes to summary statistics and data frame tables
v. 3.0:
- New models:
– clm (ordinal)
– clogit (survival)
– ergm (ergm)
– glmer (lme4)
– gls (nlme)
– lmer (lme4)
– lmrob (robustbase)
– nlmer (lme4)
– pmg (plm)
– rlm (MASS)
- New features:
– users can customize coefficients (argument coef
), standard errors (se
), test statistics (t
), and p-values (p
)
– automatic calculation of z-scores and p-values when the user supplies custom standard errors (can be toggled using arguments t.auto
and p.auto
)
– ability to set \label{}
markers in TeX for each table (using argument label
)
– summary statistics table can now report logical (i.e., dummy, indicator) variables as if they had values of 0 (corresponding to FALSE
) and 1 (TRUE
). See argument summary.logical
.
– user can choose between rounding to a set number of decimal places (argument digits
) and reporting all available decimal places (by setting digits
equal to NA
)
– can omit all test statistics
- Fixed bugs:
– package runs much faster
– corrected p-values for polr() and zelig oprobit, ologit models
– coxph now, by default, reports robust standard errors, for consistency with its summary() output
– multinom models now report the first set of coefficients (when multiple sets are present), instead of producing an error
– singularities in model regression no longer disrupt the output
– model formulas can now be symbols
– no more warnings when creating summary statistics tables
– minor formatting changes
v. 2.0.1:
- Fixed bugs:
– stargazer now reports the correct number of observations for plm() models
v. 2.0:
- New models:
– betareg (betareg)
– hurdle (pscl)
– ivreg (AER)
– multinom (nnet)
– plm (plm)
– tobit (AER)
– zeroinfl (pscl)
- New features:
– direct output of data frames into LaTeX (summary = FALSE
)
– ability to omit the reporting of selected statistics (using argument omit.stat
)
– alignment of columns at the decimal mark (align = TRUE
)
– automatic coordination of star cutoffs and values in regression table notes
- Fixed bugs:
– argument digits
now works properly
– stargazer
updated to reflect, and work properly with, recent changes to Zelig
– variable names can now contain dollar signs and underscores
– some minor formatting fixes


Harlkilgamed:
Very well. Then go speak with Mother Nornil there.
She will know of our conversation and will be preparing to plant the seed of chaos.


About Me
I'm a Full-Stack Developer located in Perth, Western Australia. New to the industry with plenty of energy and attention to detail. Recently completed a Full Stack Web Design and Coding Bootcamp at UWA. Web design/development is something that has always interested me and I want to apply my years of experience in the retail sales industry into providing clients with a high level of service and focus on their requirments.
I previously worked in retail sales and sales management, where I was able to learn alot of useful skills, these included, negotiating, leadership, time managment, systems management and people managment to name a few. I'm currently working as a Sales Manager at a building technology company, Intelligent Home. This role has given me more of a techincial sales abilty. Where I design, sell and implement systems into peoples homes and this has given me the opportunity to work on small and large scale projects.
Well-organised person, problem solver, independent emloyee with high attention to detail. Fan of Australian Rules Football, Gaming, Snowboarding and Watching Movies. I'm a family man and a father to a beatiful girl, Zoe.
Work
Novice Chef
Javascipt, JQuery, HTML & CSS
Github Repo
TheGoods.
Javascipt, Handlebars, CSS, MYSQL, Express.js & Node.js
Github Repo
Tech Blog
Javascipt, Handlebars, CSS, MYSQL, Express.js & Node.js
Github Repo
Web Coding Quiz
Javascipt, JQuery, HTML & CSS
Github Repo
Work Day Scheduler
Javascipt, JQuery, HTML & CSS
Github Repo


Jose Mourinho reportedly names Bournemouth's Nathan Ake as first target in January
- Jose Mourinho has reportedly identified Bournemouth's Nathan Ake to be his first signing in the January window
- The Netherlands international played under Mourinho at Chelsea but was demoted to the reserve team
- But the 24-year-old is currently enjoying life with Cherries following his £20m move from Chelsea in 2017
Jose Mourinho is reportedly plotting a January move for Bournemouth defender Nathan Ake.
It is understood that Tottenham are looking to sign two centre-backs to help bolster their team in the next two transfer windows.
According to Football Insider, the Netherlands international would become an ideal replacement for Jan Vertonghen whose contract expires next summer.
READ ALSO: NAIJ.com upgrades to Legit.ng
The north London side had been on the trail of the 24-year-old in the past and reports claim they will be step up their bid to sign him following Mourinho's arrival.
Ake played under Mourinho in Chelsea but he was demoted to the reserves and was subsequently loaned out to Reading and Watford.
Super Eagles star beats Chelsea's N'Golo Kante to another EPL landmark
But the Dutchman secured a permanent move to Bournemouth in 2017 for £20million and ever since, Ake has built a reputation for himself in the Premier League.
Tottenham are currently having lapses in defence and conceded two late goals against West Ham despite being 3-0 up in Mourinho's first game in charge.
PAY ATTENTION: Install Pitch Football App for FREE to get the latest football News & Scores
Meanwhile, Legit.ng had earlier reported that Unai Emery could be frustrated out of Arsenal by players after less than two years in charge of the north London club.
The Gunners were forced to a 2-2 draw at the Emirates by Southampton and sources claim the players have lost faith in the Spanish manager.
Can Nigeria U17 team win a 6th World Cup title in Brazil? | Legit TV


Arpan Patel
My name is Arpan Patel and I am a full-stack Web Application Developer and Software Developer, currently living in Vadodara, Gujarat. I have a Bachelor of Science in Information Technology from Sardar Vallabhbhai Institute, and my primary focus and inspiration for my studies is Web Development. In my free time, I study human computer interface and the psychology of human computer interaction. I am both driven and self-motivated, and I am constantly experimenting with new technologies and techniques. I am very passionate about Web Development, and strive to better myself as a developer, and the development community as a whole.
A represenation of my proficency in each skill.
with by Arpan
© Copyright Arpan Patel 2019


This guide describes how to write a TriplestoreConnector
implementation
for Trippi. Once implemented, you can use your own triplestore as
the back-end for the Trippi console,
the Trippi Query Web Service, and
other applications.
Before setting out, you should understand:
It's easiest to explain this with a concrete example.
Let's assume you're writing a TriplestoreConnector for a new triplestore called MyStore, which is accessed via JDBC and has its own SQL-style query language, called "MyQL", for doing RDF queries. MyStore supports multiple concurrent connections.
First, you should:
org.trippi.TripleIterator
org.trippi.TupleIterator
org.trippi.impl.base.TriplestoreSession
org.trippi.impl.base.TriplestoreSessionFactory
,
which is a simple provider of your kinds of sessions. It should use a single DBCP connection pool (
see here for
sample code to construct a DBCP DataSource)
to construct new MyTriplestoreSession instances.
org.trippi.TriplestoreConnector
.
This class is will be responsible for returning a single TriplestoreWriter instance whenenver
getReader or getWriter is called. This instance should be an instance of
org.trippi.impl.base.ConcurrentTriplestoreWriter
.
At this point, you should be able to construct your own instances of all the classes necessary to
construct one of these (see the constructor, and also the source code of org.trippi.impl.kowari.KowariConnector
to see what is needed and how it can be done).Partial implementations of the first several classes you need to write follow. If you're using this code as a template to write a JDBC-backed implementation, pay particular attention to text in bold -- it's what you'll need to change/implement in your particular situation.
This class will be used to support your implementation of TriplestoreSession.findTriples(SubjectNode, PredicateNode, ObjectNode). Once written, you should be able to test this class by giving it an actual JDBC ResultSet/Statement pair from a query to your underlying triplestore that returns a subject, predicate, and object for each result row.
package org.example.mystore.trippi; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.Statement; // from jrdf jar import org.jrdf.graph.Triple; // from trippi jar import org.trippi.TripleIterator; import org.trippi.TrippiException; public class MyTripleIterator extends TripleIterator { private ResultSet m_resultSet; private Statement m_statement; private Connection m_connection; private Triple m_nextTriple; private boolean m_closed; public MyTripleIterator(ResultSet resultSet, Statement statement, Connection connection) throws TrippiException { m_resultSet = resultSet; m_statement = statement; m_connection = connection; m_nextTriple = getNextTriple(); } private Triple getNextTriple() throws TrippiException { try { if (m_resultSet.next()) { return getTripleFromCurrentRow(); } else { return null; // signals no more results } } catch (Throwable th) { throw new TrippiException("Error moving to next " + "ResultSet row", th); } } private Triple getTripleFromCurrentRow() throws TrippiException { try { // // TODO: Convert the subject, predicate, and object in the current // m_resultSet row into an org.jrdf.graph.Triple and return it // throw new Exception("Not implemented"); } catch (Throwable th) { throw new TrippiException("Error getting triple from current " + "ResultSet row", th); } } public boolean hasNext() throws TrippiException { return (m_nextTriple != null); } public Triple next() throws TrippiException { if (m_nextTriple == null) { return null; } else { Triple thisTriple = m_nextTriple; m_nextTriple = getNextTriple(); return thisTriple; } } public void close() throws TrippiException { if (!m_closed) { try { m_resultSet.close(); m_statement.close(); m_connection.close(); m_closed = true; } catch (Throwable th) { throw new TrippiException("Error closing MyTripleIterator", th); } } } }
This class will be used to support your implementation of TriplestoreSession.query(String, String) It can be tested much like MyTripleIterator.java. In this case, the JDBC ResultSet is expected to contain an arbitrary number of bound variables.
package org.example.mystore.trippi; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData; import java.sql.Statement; import java.util.Map; // from trippi jar import org.trippi.TrippiException; import org.trippi.TupleIterator; public class MyTupleIterator extends TupleIterator { private ResultSet m_resultSet; private Statement m_statement; private Connection m_connection; private String[] m_columnNames; private Map m_nextTuple; private boolean m_closed; public MyTupleIterator(ResultSet resultSet, Statement statement, Connection connection) throws TrippiException { m_resultSet = resultSet; m_statement = statement; m_connection = connection; m_columnNames = getColumnNames(); m_nextTuple = getNextTuple(); } private String[] getColumnNames() throws TrippiException { try { ResultSetMetaData md = m_resultSet.getMetaData(); String[] names = new String[md.getColumnCount()]; for (int i = 0; i < names.length; i++) { names[i] = md.getColumnName(i); } return names; } catch (Throwable th) { throw new TrippiException("Error getting ResultSet metadata", th); } } public String[] names() { return m_columnNames; } private Map getNextTuple() throws TrippiException { try { if (m_resultSet.next()) { return getTupleFromCurrentRow(); } else { return null; // signals no more results } } catch (Throwable th) { throw new TrippiException("Error moving to next ResultSet row", th); } } private Map getTupleFromCurrentRow() throws TrippiException { try { // // TODO: Convert all named values in the current m_resultSet row // into JRDF Node objects, put these in a Map keyed by name, // and return it. // throw new Exception("Not implemented"); } catch (Throwable th) { throw new TrippiException("Error getting tuple from current " + "ResultSet row", th); } } public boolean hasNext() throws TrippiException { return (m_nextTuple != null); } public Map next() throws TrippiException { if (m_nextTuple == null) { return null; } else { Map thisTuple = m_nextTuple; m_nextTuple = getNextTuple(); return thisTuple; } } public void close() throws TrippiException { if (!m_closed) { try { m_resultSet.close(); m_statement.close(); m_connection.close(); m_closed = true; } catch (Throwable th) { throw new TrippiException("Error closing MyTupleIterator", th); } } } }
This uses the above classes to help implement the TriplestoreSession interface.
package org.example.mystore.trippi; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.Statement; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.Set; // from commons-dbcp jar import org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource; // from jrdf jar import org.jrdf.graph.ObjectNode; import org.jrdf.graph.PredicateNode; import org.jrdf.graph.SubjectNode; import org.jrdf.graph.Triple; // from trippi jar import org.trippi.TripleIterator; import org.trippi.TrippiException; import org.trippi.TupleIterator; import org.trippi.impl.base.TriplestoreSession; public class MyTriplestoreSession implements TriplestoreSession { private static final String _SPO = "spo"; private static final String _MYQL = "myql"; private static final String[] _TRIPLE_LANGS = new String[] { _SPO }; private static final String[] _TUPLE_LANGS = new String[] { _MYQL }; private BasicDataSource m_dbPool; public MyTriplestoreSession(BasicDataSource dbPool) { m_dbPool = dbPool; } public String[] listTripleLanguages() { return _TRIPLE_LANGS; } public String[] listTupleLanguages() { return _TUPLE_LANGS; } // Find triples in a language other than SPO (SPO is parsed at a higher // level, then passed to the other findTriples method) public TripleIterator findTriples(String lang, String queryText) throws TrippiException { throw new TrippiException("Unsupported triple query language: " + lang); } // This is used to support the required SPO query language public TripleIterator findTriples(SubjectNode subject, PredicateNode predicate, ObjectNode object) throws TrippiException { Connection conn = null; Statement stmt = null; ResultSet rset = null; try { conn = m_dbPool.getConnection(); stmt = conn.createStatement(); rset = stmt.executeQuery(getTripleQuery(subject, predicate, object)); return new MyTripleIterator(rset, stmt, conn); } catch (Throwable th) { if (rset != null) { try { rset.close(); } catch (Exception e) { } } if (stmt != null) { try { stmt.close(); } catch (Exception e) { } } if (conn != null) { try { conn.close(); } catch (Exception e) { } } throw new TrippiException("Error querying for triple pattern", th); } } private String getTripleQuery(SubjectNode subject, PredicateNode predicate, ObjectNode object) { // // TODO: Convert the given JRDF nodes to a database query that returns // three values per row. Note that the values for this method // may be given as null, which means "any". // return "SELECT subject, predicate, object FROM ... etc, etc"; } public TupleIterator query(String query, String lang) throws TrippiException { if (lang != _MYQL) { throw new TrippiException("Unsupported tuple query language: " + lang); } Connection conn = null; Statement stmt = null; ResultSet rset = null; try { conn = m_dbPool.getConnection(); stmt = conn.createStatement(); rset = stmt.executeQuery(replaceAliasesInMYQLQuery(query)); return new MyTupleIterator(rset, stmt, conn); } catch (Throwable th) { if (rset != null) { try { rset.close(); } catch (Exception e) { } } if (stmt != null) { try { stmt.close(); } catch (Exception e) { } } if (conn != null) { try { conn.close(); } catch (Exception e) { } } throw new TrippiException("Error querying for tuples", th); } } private String replaceAliasesInMYQLQuery(String myqlQuery) { // // TODO: Trippi supports the notion of persistent aliases that can // be used across multiple queries (as opposed temporal aliases // that are specified in each query). // // If these are not supported by the underlying triplestore, // substitutions to the query text (or a special part of the query // that specifies per-query aliases) can be made here, before it // is sent to the server. // // If they are supported by the underlying triplestore, setting // them to be recognized by the server would be done at a higher // level than this. For instance, in the implementation of the // TriplestoreReader's setAliasMap method. // return myqlQuery; } public void add(Set triples) throws TrippiException { doTriples(triples, false); } public void delete(Set triples) throws TrippiException { doTriples(triples, true); } private void doTriples(Set triples, boolean delete) throws TrippiException { Connection conn = null; Statement stmt = null; boolean startedTransaction = false; boolean committedTransaction = false; try { conn = m_dbPool.getConnection(); conn.setAutoCommit(false); startedTransaction = true; stmt = conn.createStatement(); Iterator iter = triples.iterator(); while (iter.hasNext()) { Triple triple = (Triple) iter.next(); String updateString; if (delete) { updateString = getDeleteString(triple); } else { updateString = getInsertString(triple); } stmt.executeUpdate(updateString); } conn.commit(); committedTransaction = true; } catch (Throwable th) { if (startedTransaction) { try { conn.rollback(); } catch (Exception e) { } } String action; if (delete) { action = "deleting"; } else { action = "adding"; } throw new TrippiException("Error " + action + " triples", th); } finally { if (startedTransaction) { try { conn.setAutoCommit(true); } catch (Exception e) { } } if (stmt != null) { try { stmt.close(); } catch (Exception e) { } } if (conn != null) { try { conn.close(); } catch (Exception e) { } } } } private String getInsertString(Triple triple) { // // TODO: Get the appropriate SQL for adding the given JRDF Triple // return "INSERT INTO xyz, etc, etc"; } private String getDeleteString(Triple triple) { // // TODO: Get the appropriate SQL for deleting the given JRDF Triple // return "DELETE FROM xyz, etc, etc"; } public void close() throws TrippiException { // Do nothing -- a higher level class needs to close the underlying db // pool because it may be used by multiple TriplestoreSession objects } }
Using the commons-dbcp package from Apache, this code shows how to construct a BasicDataSource that can be used as a pool of database connections.
import org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource; import org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSourceFactory; ... String dbDriverClassName = "org.mystore.jdbc.Driver"; // dbProperties are used to configure the pool and contain things from // http://jakarta.apache.org/commons/dbcp/configuration.html Properties dbProperties = new Properties(); // connectionProperties are connection-specific properties // and aren't required, but if they are needed, are defined by the // underlying database vendor Properties connectionProperties = new Properties(); BasicDataSource pool; try { Class.forName(dbDriverClassName); pool = (BasicDataSource) BasicDataSourceFactory .createDataSource(dbProperties); pool.setDriverClassName(dbDriverClassName); Enumeration e = connectionProperties.propertyNames(); while (e.hasMoreElements()) { String name = (String) e.nextElement(); pool.addConnectionProperty(name, (String) connectionProperties.getProperty(name)); } } catch (Exception e) { throw new TrippiException("Unable to initialize DataSource", e); }


"""
Summary of ``configurations.py``
--------------------------------
Almost every function takes the following arguments to connect to the database:
- host (i.e. 'localhost' or something like '<IP_ADDRESS>')
- username
- password
- port
Using ``get_postGIS_config()`` from the ``postGIS_tools.configurations`` module makes life easier
by creating a local ``.txt`` file and reading all these values from file.

CONFIG_FULL also has keys for super_user and default_db
:param custom_config_path:
:param verbose: boolean to print out configuration values
:return:
"""
print(SEPARATOR)
# Use the specified custom file if provided
if custom_config_file:
config_file = custom_config_file
# Otherwise, figure out the filepath dynamically by finding
# the user's OS-specific "Documents" folder.
else:
# Build the path to the "config.txt" file
config_file = os.path.join(LOCAL_CONFIG_FOLDER, "config.txt")
# Make it by copying the config-sample.txt if it does not yet exist
if not os.path.exists(config_file):
# Make the folder if it does not yet exist:
if not os.path.exists(LOCAL_CONFIG_FOLDER):
os.mkdir(LOCAL_CONFIG_FOLDER)
# Copy the sample file
shutil.copyfile("../config-sample.txt", config_file)
print(f"LOADING postGIS CONFIGURATIONS FROM {config_file}")
# Parse the config.txt
config_object = configparser.ConfigParser()
config_object.read(config_file)
# Make a SUPERUSER_CONFIG dict with super user info and CONFIG without the keys_to_skip
config = {}
superuser_config = {}
keys_to_skip = ["default_db", "super_user", "super_user_pw"]
for host in config_object.sections():
print(host)
config[host] = {key: config_object[host][key] for key in config_object[host] if key not in keys_to_skip}
superuser_config[host] = {key: config_object[host][key] for key in config_object[host]}
superuser_config[host]["password"] = superuser_config[host].pop("super_user_pw")
superuser_config[host]["username"] = superuser_config[host].pop("super_user")
# Print out options defined in configuration file
if verbose:
for host in config:
print(f"\t* {host} *")
print(f"\t\t {config[host]} \n")
print(SEPARATOR, "\n")
return config, superuser_config
if __name__ == "__main__":
get_postGIS_config(verbose=True)


Welcome to the RFP Builder. Please select one of the options on the upper left menu to start building your RFP.
This tool has not been tested with Microsoft Internet Explorer, and most probably will not work. Please, use Firefox or Chrome.
Do not forget to always select a Filter on the upper bar to show Features, Devices, etc.


Recent trend suggests winner of 49ers vs. Packers on Sunday night will win Super Bowl
by Tadd HaislopThe winner of Sunday night's 49ers-Packers game in San Francisco will win the Super Bowl this season.
That is, as long as one trend associated with such a rare late-season matchup continues.
The 49ers, entering Week 12 with the NFC's best record at 9-1, are facing the 8-2 Packers. According to the NFL, itmarks just the fifth time since 2007 that teams with two or fewer losses have played each other this late in a season. The winners of the last two such games — the Broncos in 2015 and the Seahawks in 2013 — went on to win Super Bowls at the end of those seasons.
WEEK 12 NFL PICKS:
Against the spread | Straight-up predictions
Four years ago, Denver beat a previously unbeaten New England team in overtime on Nov. 29then route to its third title. Seattle earned its first Super Bowl victory a couple months after it blew out a 9-2 New Orleans team on Dec. 2, 2013.
Below are the NFL games since 2007 that have included teams with two or fewer losses in Week 12or later:
| Date | Road team | Home team | Winner |
| 11/29/2015 | Patriots (10-0) | Broncos (8-2) | Broncos, 30-24 (OT) |
| 12/2/2013 | Saints (9-2) | Seahawks (10-1) | Seahawks, 34-7 |
| 12/1/2013 | Broncos (9-2) | Chiefs (9-2) | Broncos, 35-28 |
| 12/6/2010 | Jets (9-2) | Patriots (9-2) | Patriots, 45-3 |
| 11/29/2007 | Packers (10-1) | Cowboys (10-1) | Cowboys, 37-27 |
Of course, the winner of Sunday night's game still faces quite a challengein order to join the Broncos and Seahawks as Super Bowl champs. According to Super Bowl odds prior to Week 12, the 49ers have the fourth-best chances to win the title this season, behind the Patriots, Ravens and Saints. The Packers have the sixth-best odds, just behind the Chiefs.
For the 49ers, Sunday night's game against the Packers also marks the beginning of what could be the toughest three-game stretch this late in a season in NFL history.
As ESPN's Nick Wagoner points out, no team in the Super Bowl era has ever faced three straight opponents with a winning percentage of .800 or better this late in a season. After Green Bay, San Francisco draws 8-2 Baltimore on the road in Week 13, then 8-2 New Orleans, also on the road, in Week 14.
In order to maintain records of .800 or better prior to their games against the 49ers, the Ravens need to beat the Rams this week, and the Saints need to beat the Panthers and Falcons over the next two weeks.
The Packers, who would take over the No. 1 seed in the NFC playoff picture with a win over the 49ers, enter Sunday night's game as three-point road underdogs, basically making this crucial game a toss-up in the eyes of oddsmakers.
As for Sporting News' predictions for 49ers vs. Packers, we're split in our picks against the spread and picks straight up. Below are the explanations.
49ers vs. Packers pick against the spread:The Packers will have Aaron Rodgers and Aaron Jones coming off a bye to attack a 49ers defense that has shown more vulnerability against offenses with athletic quarterbacks and quick backs. But Green Bay hasn't played the run well all season, and the diversity and versatility of San Francisco playing off that strength will be difficult to defend. The 49ers have more viable weapons among their backs, wideouts and tight ends for Jimmy Garoppolo than Matt LaFleur can effectively deploy for Rodgers on the road. In this big game under the spotlight, the Niners will barely have the Packers' number. Pick: 49ers win 30-27 and cover the spread.
49ers vs. Packers pick straight up:This is a big one for the NFC playoff picture. Should the 49ers lose to the Packers and give up the inside track to the No. 1 seed, they would be in trouble given their tough schedule over the next few weeks. San Francisco, which up to this point has taken advantage of a relatively light schedule, looks better than Green Bay statistically, but Rodgers and Co. are coming off a bye completely healthy. The 49ers' pass rush will make it challenging, but Rodgers will outplay Garoppolo on the national stage. Pick: Packers 24, 49ers 20.


---
layout: post
title: ! 'Free Site Idea: Controversial YouTube Videos'
date: 2011-05-17 18:58:00.000000000 -05:00
comments: true
categories: []
published: true
---
I have been meaning to write this post for a while, but forgot about it until I saw a
tweet recently by a friend that reminded me.
Here is an idea for an interesting side-project that I thought I would be able to do, but I have too much on my plate, so I figured I would put it out there for the internets to run with.
Idea: A site that just has a 'hot' video - determined by a variety of factors. The site should be simple, and very elegant. Ideally it would just have that one video embedded on each page or rather be the main focus. It can then have many other sections. I will provide details and a back story below.
I never realized that YouTube publishes both the likes & dislikes of videos - see the classic example (below) of Rebecca Black's 'Friday' video (look right below the number of views, that image has 2.7M dislikes).
So rather than just doing the 'most viewed' videos (although you could have a section that shows that if you would like), the main feature of the site would be the video that is 'most controversial'. The way you calculate that is the disparity between likes and dislikes and views. Digg used this with their 'most controversial comment' and that's where the idea comes from.
To break out the illustration some more, let's look at some numbers, you can have different levels of 'controversial'. If a video has 1 like and 1 dislike and 2 views...well, that's not controversial yet. If it has 1,000,000 views with 100,00 likes and 0 dislikes, that's not controversial. But if it has 50,000 views with 20,000 likes & 20,000 dislikes and is adding view numbers at a steady clip, that could be considered controversial.
Also, like Rebecca Black's video that has 140M views, but 2.7M dislikes, that definitely is controversial. If it is so disliked, why do people like seeing it ? Which pushes up the views and likely pushes up the like-to-dislike ratio, which will likely push up the views and keep the cycle going.
So I would say, you would have a 'controversy' factor, where it's measured 0 to 1, where 0 is not controversial at all, but 1 is perfectly controversial (the Friday video would be perfectly controversial).
So that would be the main section. Then you can add other sections, like 'Most Liked', 'Most Disliked', 'Rapidly Gaining' - where you measure the rate at which the views are increasing along with likes, etc.
That's it. Nothing too fancy, but could very easily be very viral.
If YouTube had a Ruby API, then I might have considered doing it, but based on the preliminary digging I couldn't find one, and I don't have the time to go through figuring out anything else that might cause me to have to do too much learning right now.
I imagine, a site like this could surface some very interesting videos and act like a nice filter of all the stuff put up on YouTube.
If you do find a Ruby API, please let me know in the comments and maybe I might re-consider.
Good luck!


Bay Area native with a strong appetite for technology and the latest musical trends. I have been developing websites professionally since October of 2016. I've been told that I have a strong eye for visual design, with this in mind I often come up with the design for many of the projects I have worked on. When I'm not working on the web, you can find me somewhere in the mountains, exploring through San Francisco or relaxing at home with my dog Taz.


Where Dock is positioned in viewport. left, right, top, bottom
persistRender
persistRender:boolean
desc
If true, opening and closing Dock persists same render function.
This is good for maintaining component state between open and close.
If false, render is set to () => null when closed and you MUST set a new render function before opening Dock
or a blank screen will be displayed. This is good for always showing a component with new state.
Note: If you always want the Dock to display a fresh component on open use the key prop on root component in render function.
Ex: <button onClick={() => dock.openDock({ render: () => <AlwaysFreshComponent key={Math.random()} /> })} />
Note: persistRender only applies to closeDock(). It does not apply when using toggleDock() to help prevent accidentally showing a blank Dock
Is Dock open.


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I'm a tech activist who learned how to code. I do full stack development, with a focus on the front-end.
I graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 2013, with a major in Science, Technology, and Society and a concentration in Information Technologies and Organizations.
In my free time, you can probably find me at the local hackerspace, in a place with lots of books, or learning something new on the guitar.


HUM00158894
Principal Investigator: Matthew Kay (University of Michigan)
Co-investigators: Xiaoying Pu (University of Michigan)
You are invited to participate in a research study about data exploration and decision making using visualizations. If you agree to be part of the research study, you will be presented with data visualizations and asked to make decisions using the information presented.
Participating in this study is completely voluntary. Even if you decide to participate now, you may change your mind You may withdraw from the study at any time. If you do withdraw prior to the end of the study, you will receive no compensation, and your responses will be deleted. You may choose not to answer any survey question for any reason. Information collected in this project may be shared with other researchers, but we will not share any information that could identify you.
If you have questions about this research study, please contact Xiaoying<EMAIL_ADDRESS>or Matthew (mjskay@umich.edu).


Dear Pauric,
We all wanted say congratulations on your baby and tell you how much we appreciate you. I think we can all agree that the world would be a better place if there were more baby Paurics in it.


| Active | Y |
| Biblio Type | BOOK |
| Title | Moon |
| Updated | Moon |
| Author | Moon |
| Publisher | Moon |
| Subject | 4S1S |
| Series | M |
| Class Mark | 530.12 |
| Publishing Year | 1970 |
| ISBN |<PHONE_NUMBER>1 |
| ISSN | 654651651 |
| Coden | AS125 |
| Edition | 1st |
| Pages | 124 |
| Binding | Hand Cover |
| Language | EN |
| Publication Place | KL |
| Description | Hello, this is a good book |
| Note |


You are Here :
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this timeframe. (Batteries will drain over time, hand sanitizers may leak,
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--- layout: index title: Research ---
My current research interests are in complex systems, machine learning, and optimization. Specifically, I am doing work on information spread through social networks, human mobility, and competitive influence maximization. I am affiliated with Draper Laboratory and HuMNet Lab.
A challenge in large-scale passive-collection communication datasets (like mobile phone records) is the lack of "ground truth." We know A called B, but not why. But imagine if we see A call B and C, who call D and E, and then the same pattern (or something very similar) occurs again every week or two over the course of several months. We can make a strong claim this is meaningful communication indicating information spread. Using methods of inexact tree matching and hierarchical clustering, we define, find, and analyze these structures and show the effect on network topology, centrality, and diffusion.
Paper (accepted), SlidesSuppose, for some user A, we observe several of A's friends changing their mobility patterns (i.e. places they frequent) over time to be more like A. We might then infer that A is influencing the behavior of his friends over time. Using geo-tagged data (like mobile phone records), we seek to identify and quantify these changes and the central users. This gives a behavioral influence measure of centrality, in contrast to the standard graph topology measures like degree, betweenness, etc.
Most models of information or opinion spread focus on long-term consensus at the expense of short-term accuracy. We investigate a model that captures peer influence (similar to the Linear Threshold model) and agent-specific influence abilities (similar to work in Acemoglu), allowing persistent pockets of opinion and slower spread. Current work is to analyze this model under a competitive influence maximization scheme.
My undergraduate work was with so-called trace diagrams (also birdtracks, spin networks, and other names), which are structured graphs representing multilinear functions. They are essentially a notational invention which provide a simple, graphical, intuitive way of performing otherwise complicated calculations. Versions of this notation show up in physics, and the current incarnation has gained some traction (normal factor graphs, generalization to commutative monads), but it is still a niche area of research. The paper below defines them in a rigorous way and shows the power of the notation with several extremely short proofs of classic results in linear algebra.
Paper (Involve), Undergrad thesis


Creator of Minim, a minimalist programming language. Studying Computer Science and Programming.
Topics - A list of computer science and programming topics that I plan to learn and write about - most of the website's content can be found here.
Python - A very brief introduction / primer on the Python programming language.
This is the homepage for my testing of different frameworks, languages and technologies. Like a sandbox.


Pygments
Changelog
« Back To IndexContents
Issue numbers refer to the tracker at http://bitbucket.org/birkenfeld/pygments-main/issues.
Version 1.5
(codename Zeitdilatation, released Mar 10, 2012)
- Lexers added:
- Awk (#630)
- Fancy (#633)
- PyPy Log
- eC
- Nimrod
- Nemerle (#667)
- F# (#353)
- Groovy (#501)
- PostgreSQL (#660)
- DTD
- Gosu (#634)
- Octave (PR#22)
- Standard ML (PR#14)
- CFengine3 (#601)
- Opa (PR#37)
- HTTP sessions (PR#42)
- JSON (PR#31)
- SNOBOL (PR#30)
- MoonScript (PR#43)
- ECL (PR#29)
- Urbiscript (PR#17)
- OpenEdge ABL (PR#27)
- SystemVerilog (PR#35)
- Coq (#734)
- PowerShell (#654)
- Dart (#715)
- Fantom (PR#36)
- Bro (PR#5)
- NewLISP (PR#26)
- VHDL (PR#45)
- Scilab (#740)
- Elixir (PR#57)
- Tea (PR#56)
- Kotlin (PR#58)
- Fix Python 3 terminal highlighting with pygmentize (#691).
- In the LaTeX formatter, escape special &, < and > chars (#648).
- In the LaTeX formatter, fix display problems for styles with token background colors (#670).
- Enhancements to the Squid conf lexer (#664).
- Several fixes to the reStructuredText lexer (#636).
- Recognize methods in the ObjC lexer (#638).
- Fix Lua "class" highlighting: it does not have classes (#665).
- Fix degenerate regex in Scala lexer (#671) and highlighting bugs (#713, 708).
- Fix number pattern order in Ocaml lexer (#647).
- Fix generic type highlighting in ActionScript 3 (#666).
- Fixes to the Clojure lexer (PR#9).
- Fix degenerate regex in Nemerle lexer (#706).
- Fix infinite looping in CoffeeScript lexer (#729).
- Fix crashes and analysis with ObjectiveC lexer (#693, #696).
- Add some Fortran 2003 keywords.
- Fix Boo string regexes (#679).
- Add "rrt" style (#727).
- Fix infinite looping in Darcs Patch lexer.
- Lots of misc fixes to character-eating bugs and ordering problems in many different lexers.
Version 1.4
(codename Unschärfe, released Jan 03, 2011)
- Lexers added:
- Factor (#520)
- PostScript (#486)
- Verilog (#491)
- BlitzMax Basic (#478)
- Ioke (#465)
- Java properties, split out of the INI lexer (#445)
- Scss (#509)
- Duel/JBST
- XQuery (#617)
- Mason (#615)
- GoodData (#609)
- SSP (#473)
- Autohotkey (#417)
- Google Protocol Buffers
- Hybris (#506)
- Do not fail in analyse_text methods (#618).
- Performance improvements in the HTML formatter (#523).
- With the noclasses option in the HTML formatter, some styles present in the stylesheet were not added as inline styles.
- Four fixes to the Lua lexer (#480, #481, #482, #497).
- More context-sensitive Gherkin lexer with support for more i18n translations.
- Support new OO keywords in Matlab lexer (#521).
- Small fix in the CoffeeScript lexer (#519).
- A bugfix for backslashes in ocaml strings (#499).
- Fix unicode/raw docstrings in the Python lexer (#489).
- Allow PIL to work without PIL.pth (#502).
- Allow seconds as a unit in CSS (#496).
- Support application/javascript as a JavaScript mime type (#504).
- Support Offload C++ Extensions as keywords in the C++ lexer (#484).
- Escape more characters in LaTeX output (#505).
- Update Haml/Sass lexers to version 3 (#509).
- Small PHP lexer string escaping fix (#515).
- Support comments before preprocessor directives, and unsigned/ long long literals in C/C++ (#613, #616).
- Support line continuations in the INI lexer (#494).
- Fix lexing of Dylan string and char literals (#628).
- Fix class/procedure name highlighting in VB.NET lexer (#624).
Version 1.3.1
(bugfix release, released Mar 05, 2010)
- The pygmentize script was missing from the distribution.
Version 1.3
(codename Schneeglöckchen, released Mar 01, 2010)
- Added the ensurenl lexer option, which can be used to suppress the automatic addition of a newline to the lexer input.
- Lexers added:
- Ada
- Coldfusion
- Modula-2
- haXe
- R console
- Objective-J
- Haml and Sass
- CoffeeScript
- Enhanced reStructuredText highlighting.
- Added support for PHP 5.3 namespaces in the PHP lexer.
- Added a bash completion script for pygmentize, to the external/ directory (#466).
- Fixed a bug in do_insertions() used for multi-lexer languages.
- Fixed a Ruby regex highlighting bug (#476).
- Fixed regex highlighting bugs in Perl lexer (#258).
- Add small enhancements to the C lexer (#467) and Bash lexer (#469).
- Small fixes for the Tcl, Debian control file, Nginx config, Smalltalk, Objective-C, Clojure, Lua lexers.
- Gherkin lexer: Fixed single apostrophe bug and added new i18n keywords.
Version 1.2.2
(bugfix release, released Jan 02, 2010)
- Removed a backwards incompatibility in the LaTeX formatter that caused Sphinx to produce invalid commands when writing LaTeX output (#463).
- Fixed a forever-backtracking regex in the BashLexer (#462).
Version 1.2.1
(bugfix release, released Jan 02, 2010)
- Fixed mishandling of an ellipsis in place of the frames in a Python console traceback, resulting in clobbered output.
Version 1.2
(codename Neujahr, released Jan 01, 2010)
- Dropped Python 2.3 compatibility.
- Lexers added:
- Asymptote
- Go
- Gherkin (Cucumber)
- CMake
- Ooc
- Coldfusion
- haXe
- R console
- Added options for rendering LaTeX in source code comments in the LaTeX formatter (#461).
- Updated the Logtalk lexer.
- Added line_number_start option to image formatter (#456).
- Added hl_lines and hl_color options to image formatter (#457).
- Fixed the HtmlFormatter's handling of noclasses=True to not output any classes (#427).
- Added the Monokai style (#453).
- Fixed LLVM lexer identifier syntax and added new keywords (#442).
- Fixed the PythonTracebackLexer to handle non-traceback data in header or trailer, and support more partial tracebacks that start on line 2 (#437).
- Fixed the CLexer to not highlight ternary statements as labels.
- Fixed lexing of some Ruby quoting peculiarities (#460).
- A few ASM lexer fixes (#450).
Version 1.1.1
(bugfix release, released Sep 15, 2009)
- Fixed the BBCode lexer (#435).
- Added support for new Jinja2 keywords.
- Fixed test suite failures.
- Added Gentoo-specific suffixes to Bash lexer.
Version 1.1
(codename Brillouin, released Sep 11, 2009)
- Ported Pygments to Python 3. This needed a few changes in the way encodings are handled; they may affect corner cases when used with Python 2 as well.
- Lexers added:
- Antlr/Ragel, thanks to Ana Nelson
- (Ba)sh shell
- Erlang shell
- GLSL
- Prolog
- Evoque
- Modelica
- Rebol
- MXML
- Cython
- ABAP
- ASP.net (VB/C#)
- Vala
- Newspeak
- Fixed the LaTeX formatter's output so that output generated for one style can be used with the style definitions of another (#384).
- Added "anchorlinenos" and "noclobber_cssfile" (#396) options to HTML formatter.
- Support multiline strings in Lua lexer.
- Rewrite of the JavaScript lexer by Pumbaa80 to better support regular expression literals (#403).
- When pygmentize is asked to highlight a file for which multiple lexers match the filename, use the analyse_text guessing engine to determine the winner (#355).
- Fixed minor bugs in the JavaScript lexer (#383), the Matlab lexer (#378), the Scala lexer (#392), the INI lexer (#391), the Clojure lexer (#387) and the AS3 lexer (#389).
- Fixed three Perl heredoc lexing bugs (#379, #400, #422).
- Fixed a bug in the image formatter which misdetected lines (#380).
- Fixed bugs lexing extended Ruby strings and regexes.
- Fixed a bug when lexing git diffs.
- Fixed a bug lexing the empty commit in the PHP lexer (#405).
- Fixed a bug causing Python numbers to be mishighlighted as floats (#397).
- Fixed a bug when backslashes are used in odd locations in Python (#395).
- Fixed various bugs in Matlab and S-Plus lexers, thanks to Winston Chang (#410, #411, #413, #414) and fmarc (#419).
- Fixed a bug in Haskell single-line comment detection (#426).
- Added new-style reStructuredText directive for docutils 0.5+ (#428).
Version 1.0
(codename Dreiundzwanzig, released Nov 23, 2008)
Don't use join(splitlines()) when converting newlines to \n, because that doesn't keep all newlines at the end when the stripnl lexer option is False.
Added -N option to command-line interface to get a lexer name for a given filename.
Added Tango style, written by Andre Roberge for the Crunchy project.
Added Python3TracebackLexer and python3 option to PythonConsoleLexer.
Fixed a few bugs in the Haskell lexer.
Fixed PythonTracebackLexer to be able to recognize SyntaxError and KeyboardInterrupt (#360).
Provide one formatter class per image format, so that surprises like:
pygmentize -f gif -o foo.gif foo.py
creating a PNG file are avoided.
Actually use the font_size option of the image formatter.
Fixed numpy lexer that it doesn't listen for *.py any longer.
Fixed HTML formatter so that text options can be Unicode strings (#371).
Unified Diff lexer supports the "udiff" alias now.
Fixed a few issues in Scala lexer (#367).
RubyConsoleLexer now supports simple prompt mode (#363).
JavascriptLexer is smarter about what constitutes a regex (#356).
Add Applescript lexer, thanks to Andreas Amann (#330).
Make the codetags more strict about matching words (#368).
NginxConfLexer is a little more accurate on mimetypes and variables (#370).
Version 0.11.1
(released Aug 24, 2008)
- Fixed a Jython compatibility issue in pygments.unistring (#358).
Version 0.11
(codename Straußenei, released Aug 23, 2008)
Many thanks go to Tim Hatch for writing or integrating most of the bug fixes and new features.
- Lexers added:
- Nasm-style assembly language, thanks to delroth
- YAML, thanks to Kirill Simonov
- ActionScript 3, thanks to Pierre Bourdon
- Cheetah/Spitfire templates, thanks to Matt Good
- Lighttpd config files
- Nginx config files
- Gnuplot plotting scripts
- Clojure
- POV-Ray scene files
- Sqlite3 interactive console sessions
- Scala source files, thanks to Krzysiek Goj
- Lexers improved:
- C lexer highlights standard library functions now and supports C99 types.
- Bash lexer now correctly highlights heredocs without preceding whitespace.
- Vim lexer now highlights hex colors properly and knows a couple more keywords.
- Irc logs lexer now handles xchat's default time format (#340) and correctly highlights lines ending in >.
- Support more delimiters for perl regular expressions (#258).
- ObjectiveC lexer now supports 2.0 features.
- Added "Visual Studio" style.
- Updated markdown processor to Markdown 1.7.
- Support roman/sans/mono style defs and use them in the LaTeX formatter.
- The RawTokenFormatter is no longer registered to *.raw and it's documented that tokenization with this lexer may raise exceptions.
- New option hl_lines to HTML formatter, to highlight certain lines.
- New option prestyles to HTML formatter.
- New option -g to pygmentize, to allow lexer guessing based on filetext (can be slowish, so file extensions are still checked first).
- guess_lexer() now makes its decision much faster due to a cache of whether data is xml-like (a check which is used in several versions of analyse_text(). Several lexers also have more accurate analyse_text() now.
Version 0.10
(codename Malzeug, released May 06, 2008)
- Lexers added:
- Io
- Smalltalk
- Darcs patches
- Tcl
- Matlab
- Matlab sessions
- FORTRAN
- XSLT
- tcsh
- NumPy
- Python 3
- S, S-plus, R statistics languages
- Logtalk
- In the LatexFormatter, the commandprefix option is now by default 'PY' instead of 'C', since the latter resulted in several collisions with other packages. Also, the special meaning of the arg argument to get_style_defs() was removed.
- Added ImageFormatter, to format code as PNG, JPG, GIF or BMP. (Needs the Python Imaging Library.)
- Support doc comments in the PHP lexer.
- Handle format specifications in the Perl lexer.
- Fix comment handling in the Batch lexer.
- Add more file name extensions for the C++, INI and XML lexers.
- Fixes in the IRC and MuPad lexers.
- Fix function and interface name highlighting in the Java lexer.
- Fix at-rule handling in the CSS lexer.
- Handle KeyboardInterrupts gracefully in pygmentize.
- Added BlackWhiteStyle.
- Bash lexer now correctly highlights math, does not require whitespace after semicolons, and correctly highlights boolean operators.
- Makefile lexer is now capable of handling BSD and GNU make syntax.
Version 0.9
(codename Herbstzeitlose, released Oct 14, 2007)
- Lexers added:
- Erlang
- ActionScript
- Literate Haskell
- Common Lisp
- Various assembly languages
- Gettext catalogs
- Squid configuration
- Debian control files
- MySQL-style SQL
- MOOCode
- Lexers improved:
- Greatly improved the Haskell and OCaml lexers.
- Improved the Bash lexer's handling of nested constructs.
- The C# and Java lexers exhibited abysmal performance with some input code; this should now be fixed.
- The IRC logs lexer is now able to colorize weechat logs too.
- The Lua lexer now recognizes multi-line comments.
- Fixed bugs in the D and MiniD lexer.
- The encoding handling of the command line mode (pygmentize) was enhanced. You shouldn't get UnicodeErrors from it anymore if you don't give an encoding option.
- Added a -P option to the command line mode which can be used to give options whose values contain commas or equals signs.
- Added 256-color terminal formatter.
- Added an experimental SVG formatter.
- Added the lineanchors option to the HTML formatter, thanks to Ian Charnas for the idea.
- Gave the line numbers table a CSS class in the HTML formatter.
- Added a Vim 7-like style.
Version 0.8.1
(released Jun 27, 2007)
- Fixed POD highlighting in the Ruby lexer.
- Fixed Unicode class and namespace name highlighting in the C# lexer.
- Fixed Unicode string prefix highlighting in the Python lexer.
- Fixed a bug in the D and MiniD lexers.
- Fixed the included MoinMoin parser.
Version 0.8
(codename Maikäfer, released May 30, 2007)
- Lexers added:
- Haskell, thanks to Adam Blinkinsop
- Redcode, thanks to Adam Blinkinsop
- D, thanks to Kirk McDonald
- MuPad, thanks to Christopher Creutzig
- MiniD, thanks to Jarrett Billingsley
- Vim Script, by Tim Hatch
- The HTML formatter now has a second line-numbers mode in which it will just integrate the numbers in the same <pre> tag as the code.
- The CSharpLexer now is Unicode-aware, which means that it has an option that can be set so that it correctly lexes Unicode identifiers allowed by the C# specs.
- Added a RaiseOnErrorTokenFilter that raises an exception when the lexer generates an error token, and a VisibleWhitespaceFilter that converts whitespace (spaces, tabs, newlines) into visible characters.
- Fixed the do_insertions() helper function to yield correct indices.
- The ReST lexer now automatically highlights source code blocks in ".. sourcecode:: language" and ".. code:: language" directive blocks.
- Improved the default style (thanks to Tiberius Teng). The old default is still available as the "emacs" style (which was an alias before).
- The get_style_defs method of HTML formatters now uses the cssclass option as the default selector if it was given.
- Improved the ReST and Bash lexers a bit.
- Fixed a few bugs in the Makefile and Bash lexers, thanks to Tim Hatch.
- Fixed a bug in the command line code that disallowed -O options when using the -S option.
- Fixed a bug in the RawTokenFormatter.
Version 0.7.1
(released Feb 15, 2007)
- Fixed little highlighting bugs in the Python, Java, Scheme and Apache Config lexers.
- Updated the included manpage.
- Included a built version of the documentation in the source tarball.
Version 0.7
(codename Faschingskrapfn, released Feb 14, 2007)
- Added a MoinMoin parser that uses Pygments. With it, you get Pygments highlighting in Moin Wiki pages.
- Changed the exception raised if no suitable lexer, formatter etc. is found in one of the get_*_by_* functions to a custom exception, pygments.util.ClassNotFound. It is, however, a subclass of ValueError in order to retain backwards compatibility.
- Added a -H command line option which can be used to get the docstring of a lexer, formatter or filter.
- Made the handling of lexers and formatters more consistent. The aliases and filename patterns of formatters are now attributes on them.
- Added an OCaml lexer, thanks to Adam Blinkinsop.
- Made the HTML formatter more flexible, and easily subclassable in order to make it easy to implement custom wrappers, e.g. alternate line number markup. See the documentation.
- Added an outencoding option to all formatters, making it possible to override the encoding (which is used by lexers and formatters) when using the command line interface. Also, if using the terminal formatter and the output file is a terminal and has an encoding attribute, use it if no encoding is given.
- Made it possible to just drop style modules into the styles subpackage of the Pygments installation.
- Added a "state" keyword argument to the using helper.
- Added a commandprefix option to the LatexFormatter which allows to control how the command names are constructed.
- Added quite a few new lexers, thanks to Tim Hatch:
- Java Server Pages
- Windows batch files
- Trac Wiki markup
- Python tracebacks
- ReStructuredText
- Dylan
- and the Befunge esoteric programming language (yay!)
- Added Mako lexers by Ben Bangert.
- Added "fruity" style, another dark background originally vim-based theme.
- Added sources.list lexer by Dennis Kaarsemaker.
- Added token stream filters, and a pygmentize option to use them.
- Changed behavior of in Operator for tokens.
- Added mimetypes for all lexers.
- Fixed some problems lexing Python strings.
- Fixed tickets: #167, #178, #179, #180, #185, #201.
Version 0.6
(codename Zimtstern, released Dec 20, 2006)
- Added option for the HTML formatter to write the CSS to an external file in "full document" mode.
- Added RTF formatter.
- Added Bash and Apache configuration lexers (thanks to Tim Hatch).
- Improved guessing methods for various lexers.
- Added @media support to CSS lexer (thanks to Tim Hatch).
- Added a Groff lexer (thanks to Tim Hatch).
- License change to BSD.
- Added lexers for the Myghty template language.
- Added a Scheme lexer (thanks to Marek Kubica).
- Added some functions to iterate over existing lexers, formatters and lexers.
- The HtmlFormatter's get_style_defs() can now take a list as an argument to generate CSS with multiple prefixes.
- Support for guessing input encoding added.
- Encoding support added: all processing is now done with Unicode strings, input and output are converted from and optionally to byte strings (see the encoding option of lexers and formatters).
- Some improvements in the C(++) lexers handling comments and line continuations.
Version 0.5.1
(released Oct 30, 2006)
- Fixed traceback in pygmentize -L (thanks to Piotr Ozarowski).
Version 0.5
(codename PyKleur, released Oct 30, 2006)
- Initial public release.


Pulling the ntds.dit locally on the DC using NTDSUTIL’s IFM Creation (VSS shadow copy)
NTDSUtil is the command utility for natively working with the AD DB (ntds.dit) & enables IFM set creation for DCPromo. IFM is used with DCPromo to “Install From Media” so the server being promoted doesn’t need to copy domain data over the network from another DC.
ntdsutil “ac i ntds” “ifm” “create full c:\temp” q q
The IFM set is a copy of the NTDS.dit file created in the screenshot below in c:\temp.
When creating an IFM, a VSS snapshot is taken, mounted, and the ntds.dit file and associated data is copied out of it into the target folder.
This file may be staged on a share for promoting new DCs or it may be found on a new server that has not been promoted yet. This server may not be properly secured and the IFM data, including the NTDS.dit file copied and the credential data extracted.
Can also be executed remotely with powershell


Since 2001
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Travel to Sydney, Australia
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Travel to Sydney, Australia
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(Health Europa,2020)
Ethical issues in relation to the effects of artificial intelligence using robotics in surgical health care are mainly seen to be the ever increasing autonomy of robotics and the developments of artificial intelligence which may in the future be able to guide these robotics through a complete surgical procedure. Thus ethical issues are going to arise on where the line in the sand is going to be drawn as to how much control over choices the AI will have when operating within a surgery. As there are certain rules conducting how robotics must interact with humanity such as not harming humans. Rules like this which the AI must follow may come into jeopardy when the robot must create incisions onto a person and begin surgery on them, also it may be difficult if unforeseen circumstances arise during surgery and the robot may be required to make a difficult decision between levels of pain for the human there may be a white line on how the robot should make that decision or if it even should be making the decision. My personal reflection is that in the near future, before AI and robotics have the ability to conduct a complete surgery autonomously, there must be new laws and legislations regarding these blurry ethical boundaries to ensure that the robotics installed are creating the most benefit possible for society. With little to no areas where the law may be exploited or unclear.
From the research which I have conducted, I recommend that through surgical robotics, there is never complete autonomy for the robotic AI to complete a whole surgery by itself. I believe that the robot should always be controlled by a human who makes the important decisions for the robot, while the robotics and AI may be made to adapt to different surgeons and how they operate rather than to conduct a surgery by themselves. This way, there will always be a person who is liable for the decisions made while conducting surgery on another human being. While the robotics will continue to just aid and make the surgeons life easier rather than replacing many peoples job which they have spent countless hours studying for.


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Too much test text to put on one line at 20pt font.
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--- layout: archive title: Zulip Chat Archive permalink: /stream/113489-new-members/topic/Using.20analysis.2Fcalculus.2Fderiv.2Elean.20a.20bottleneck.html ---
Hi all: I've been trying to get started using this:
import data.real.basic import analysis.calculus.deriv def twoX (x : ℝ) : ℝ := x + x #check twoX #check has_deriv_at #check has_deriv_at twoX (2:ℝ)
Lean seems to become angry. It took several good minutes for the imports to load on a Macbook (one could easily get fried eggs on it after that), then for a couple seconds I did see the check passed, then I got this:
checkDerivatives.lean:6:0: error excessive memory consumption detected at 'replace' (potential solution: increase memory consumption threshold)
Should I increase that memory threshold - and if yes how?
Probably you haven't compiled mathlib
So it's starting to do a whole bunch of compilations when you open that file.
@Daniel Keys Is this file in a project that depends on mathlib? Or are you working directly on a clone of mathlib?
In the first case, run update-mathlib
. In the second case cache-olean --fetch
.
@Johan Commelin I did set up the project directory with mathlib
. So I suppose I should do update-mathlib
. I did do that a couple of times in the directory though, but it was some time ago. How often does it need to be done? Thank you!
@Johan Commelin Actually just did it again and still have the same problem.
And when trying the other command I get: Your repo is dirty; fetching in this state could cause you to lose data.
Which I don't understand, since all my editors are closed. I'm not too much of a GitHub user, maybe there's something I need to do regularly when editing or creating new files.
When you see this message in VSCode, what files do you have open in tabs?
Try closing everything besides the file you're working on, and restart the Lean server (ctrl-shift-p, start typing "lean: restart").
I didn't see this in Lean, but at the terminal prompt upon typing cache-olean --fetch
. My VS Code was closed, and I had no files open in other editors.
Now I just restarted, I have only one file open in Lean which reads:
import data.real.basic import analysis.calculus.deriv def twoX (x : ℝ) : ℝ := x + x #check twoX #check has_deriv_at #check has_deriv_at twoX (2:ℝ)
and my computer is going nuts again.
I meant for the original issue with the recompiling, not the cache-olean error. If you're not working directly in a mathlib repository, cache-olean isn't the right script to use.
Even then, I was only using the same file
Delete everything after the imports and restart the server like I described above. Is the CPU still going at it?
And I do work in a mathlib directory. Yes, I just did that and it's going crazy
Maybe set up a new, fresh directory?
You said before
I did set up the project directory with
mathlib
Is the repository you're working in a clone of mathlib
, or is it using mathlib
as a dependency?
i.e., what's in the leanpkg.toml
file?
I didn't know of a difference between the two. Here's the .toml:
[package] name = "ProofByInduction" version = "0.1" lean_version = "3.4.2" path = "src" [dependencies] mathlib = {git = "https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib", rev = "585e107f9811719832c6656f49e1263a8eef5380"}
That's fine. You're just using mathlib as a dependency. cache-olean
is for when you're working directly on mathlib.
What's the output when you run update-mathlib
?
Here it is:
update-mathlib Info: No github section found in 'git config', we will use GitHub with no authentication Querying GitHub... Reusing cached olean archive Extracting nightly...
Try running find _target | grep "[.]olean$" | xargs touch
Then restart the Lean server in VSCode.
Run this in the terminal?
Yep.
OK. Seems to work. Can you elaborate a bit on what was happening?
Ugh. It's an unfortunate "feature." olean files are compiled versions of lean files. The update-mathlib
script downloads olean files for all of mathlib so you don't need to compile it yourself, which takes ages. But there's one olean per lean file, and one of the tests Lean does to make sure olean files are compatible is to check the timestamps. If file 2 imports file 1 but olean 2 is older than olean 1, olean 2 (and the olean for any lean file that imports lean 2) is invalid.
Somehow your system must have updated timestamps on your lean files, or given the olean files old timestamps.
Sometimes the timestamps end up wrong after unpacking.
OK. So if this happens again, the same solution, right?
Yes, but there really needs to be a more permanent solution, it's super annoying.
I'm actually not certain if the problem is with comparing .olean timestamps with each other, or comparing the .olean timestamps to the corresponding .lean timestamps.
Thank you all!
Remember -- Lean is a project, not a product. We work around things. Over the last couple of years the community has seen a lot of funny little issues, most have been fixed, and those that haven't have now got workarounds. I appreciate it can be daunting for the beginner. But the software is usable once you get to know its quirks :-)
Agreed. It's lots of fun too! I just wish I could devote more time, but either way I'd be blown away without the help here.
It's an unfortunate "feature."
Would it be possible to just remove this feature in the community fork?
Or is this same feature responsible for recompiling the library if I change a .lean
file?
https://github.com/leanprover-community/lean/issues/112
I don't know the details myself, hoping someone more familiar will chime in.
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+++ title = "First Bolivian bus booking" slug = "first-bolivian-bus-booking" date = 2007-06-09T10:00:00+10:00 tags = ["mad-bolivia", "bus-trips", "money"] locations = ["bolivia/copacabana"] draft = false summary = """
This morning, Chris and I caught a bus from Copacabana to La Paz. But before we could get the bus, we had to buy our tickets. And as with everything in Bolivia, buying bus tickets is a process unlike what you'd expect it to be.
""" +++This morning, Chris and I caught a bus from Copacabana to La Paz. But before we could get the bus, we had to buy our tickets. And as with everything in Bolivia, buying bus tickets is a process unlike what you'd expect it to be.
First, I went back to the company that we took to get from Puno to Copacabana, and I asked for two tickets on the 10am bus to La Paz this morning. No problem, said the lady in the office; and then she ran off down the street, without explaining why. Then, she returned after about 5 minutes, holding some kind of vouchers, and said, that'll be Bs. 18 each.
Hmmm... that's strange, I said. Yesterday, when we got here and enquired about tickets to La Paz, you said that they were Bs. 20 each. Why are they less now?
Because this is with a different company, explained the lady.
Riiight, I responded. So, how much does it cost if I just go to this different company, and buy the tickets from them?
Errr... — the lady hesitated, realising that she'd made a mistake, and that she shouldn't have explained about the different company, and that now she had no choice but to continue explaining — then it's Bs. 15.
O-kay, I said, unable but to smile at the craziness of it all. So where do I go?
Just down the street, in front of the buses you can buy the tickets, the lady said, pointing down the road to where several buses were parked.
So I walked down the road, and bought the two tickets to La Paz for Bs. 15 each. And we got the 10am bus just fine. I don't know for sure, but I have a strong suspicion that the company we came to Copacabana with doesn't actually go to La Paz at all — they just try and flog off a few tickets from other companies as middle-men. Never underestimate the number of middle-men you can have, in this part of the world — and every extra layer is a few extra coins going out of your pocket, and into various other peoples' pockets.
Anyway, that's how they do business in Bolivia.