RungeKutta.lua - Integrating Systems of Differential Equations
local RK = require 'Math.RungeKutta' function dydt(t, y) -- the derivative function -- y is the table of the values, dydt the table of the derivatives -- the table can be an array (1...n), or a dictionary; whichever, -- the same indices must be used for the return table: dydt local dydt = {}; ... ; return dydt end y = initial_y(); t=0; dt=0.4; -- the initial conditions -- For automatic timestep adjustment ... while t < tfinal do t, dt, y = RK.rk4_auto(y, dydt, t, dt, 0.00001) display(t, y) end
-- Or, for fixed timesteps ... while t < tfinal do t, y = RK.rk4(y, dydt, t, dt) -- Merson's 4th-order method display(t, y) end -- alternatively, though not so accurate ... t, y = RK.rk2(y, dydt, t, dt) -- Heun's 2nd-order method
-- or, also available ... t, y = RK.rk4_classical(y, dydt, t, dt) -- Runge-Kutta 4th-order t, y = RK.rk4_ralston(y, dydt, t, dt) -- Ralston's 4th-order
RungeKutta.lua offers algorithms for the numerical integration of simultaneous differential equations of the form
dY/dt = F(t,Y)
where Y is an array of variables whose initial values Y(0) are known, and F is a function known from the dynamics of the problem.
The Runge-Kutta methods all involve evaluating the derivative function F(t,Y) more than once, at various points within the timestep, and combining the results to reach an accurate answer for the Y(t+dt). This module only uses explicit Runge-Kutta methods; the implicit methods involve, at each timestep, solving a set of simultaneous equations involving both Y(t) and F(t,Y), and this is generally intractable.
Three main algorithms are offered. rk2 is Heun's 2nd-order Runge-Kutta algorithm, which is relatively imprecise, but does have a large range of stability which might be useful in some problems. rk4 is Merson's 4th-order Runge-Kutta algorithm, which should be the normal choice in situations where the step-size must be specified. rk4_auto uses the step-doubling method to adjust the step-size of rk4 automatically to achieve a specified precision; this saves much fiddling around trying to choose a good step-size, and can also save CPU time by automatically increasing the step-size when the solution is changing only slowly.
This module is the translation into Lua of
the Perl CPAN module Math::RungeKutta,
and comes in its ./lua
subdirectory.
There also exists a translation into JavaScript
which comes in its ./js
subdirectory.
The calling-interfaces are identical in all three versions.
This module has been designed to be robust and easy to use, and should be helpful in solving systems of differential equations which arise within a Lua context, such as economic, financial, demographic or ecological modelling, mechanical or process dynamics, etc.
Version 1.07
where the arguments are: y an array of initial values of variables, dydt the function calculating the derivatives, t the initial time, dt the timestep.
The algorithm used is that derived by Ralston, which uses Lotkin's bound on the derivatives, and minimises the solution error (gamma=3/4). It is also known as the Heun method, though unfortunately several other methods are also known under this name. Two function evaluations are needed per timestep, and the remaining error is in the 3rd and higher order terms.
rk2 returns t, y where these are now the new values at the completion of the timestep.
The arguments are the same as in rk2.
The algorithm used is that developed by Merson, which performs five function evaluations per timestep. For the same timestep, rk4 is much more accurate than rk4_classical, so the extra function evaluation is well worthwhile.
rk4 returns t, y where these are now the new values at the completion of the timestep.
In the first form the arguments are: y an array of initial values of variables, dydt the function calculating the derivatives, t the initial time, dt the initial timestep, epsilon the errors per step will be about epsilon*ymax
In the second form the last argument is: errors an array of maximum permissible errors.
The first epsilon calling form is useful when all the elements of y are in the same units and have the same typical size (e.g. y[10] is population aged 10-11 years, y[25] is population aged 25-26 years). The default value of the 4th argument is epsilon = 0.00001.
The second errors form is useful otherwise (e.g. y[1] is gross national product, y[2] is interest rate). In this calling form, the permissible errors are specified in absolute size for each variable; they won't get scaled at all.
rk4_auto adjusts the timestep automatically to give the required precision. It does this by trying one full-timestep, then two half-timesteps, and comparing the results. (Merson's method, as used by rk4, was devised to be able to give an estimate of the remaining local error; for the record, it is 0.2*(ynp1[i]-eta4[i]) in each term. rk4_auto does not exploit this feature because it only works for linear dydt functions of the form Ay + bt.)
rk4_auto needs 14 function evaluations per double-timestep, and it has to re-do 13 of those every time it adjusts the timestep.
rk4_auto returns t, dt, y where these are now the new values at the completion of the timestep.
rk4_auto performs a double timestep within dt, and returns the final values; the values as they were at the midpoint do not normally get returned. However, if you want to draw a nice smooth graph, or to update a nice smoothly-moving display, those values as they were at the midpoint would be useful to you. Therefore, rk4_auto_midpoint provides a way of retrieving them.
Note that you must call rk4_auto first, which returns the values at time t+dt, then rk4_auto_midpoint subsequently, which returns the values at t+dt/2, in other words you get the two sets of values out of their chronological order. Sorry about this. For example,
while t < tfinal do t, dt, y = rk4_auto(y, dydt, t, dt, epsilon) t_midpoint, y_midpoint = rk4_auto_midpoint() update_display(t_midpoint, y_midpoint) update_display(t, y) end
rk4_auto_midpoint returns t, y where these were the values at the midpoint of the previous call to rk4_auto.
This subroutine will be passed by reference as the second argument to rk2, rk4 and rk4_auto. The name doesn't matter of course. It must expect the following arguments: t the time (in case the equations are time-dependent), y the array of values of variables.
It must return an array of the derivatives of the variables with respect to time.
The following functions are not the usual first choice, but are supplied in case you need them:
The arguments and the return values are the same as in rk2 and rk4. The algorithm used is the classic, elegant, 4th-order Runge-Kutta method, using four function evaluations per timestep:
k0 = dt * F(y(n)) k1 = dt * F(y(n) + 0.5*k0) k2 = dt * F(y(n) + 0.5*k1) k3 = dt * F(y(n) + k2) y(n+1) = y(n) + (k0 + 2*k1 + 2*k2 + k3) / 6
The arguments and the return values are the same as in rk2 and rk4.
The algorithm used is that developed by Ralston, which optimises rk4_classical to minimise the error bound on each timestep. This module does not use it as the default 4th-order method rk4, because Merson's algorithm generates greater accuracy, which allows the timestep to be increased, which more than compensates for the extra function evaluation.
Alas, things can go wrong in numerical integration.
One of the most fundamental is instability. If you choose a timestep dt much larger than time-constants implied in your derivative function dydt, then the numerical solution will oscillate wildy, and bear no relation to the real behaviour of the equations. If this happens, choose a shorter dt.
Some of the most difficult problems involve so-called stiff derivative functions. These arise when dydt introduces a wide range of time-constants, from very short to long. In order to avoid instability, you will have to set dt to correspond to the shortest time-constant; but this makes it impossibly slow to follow the evolution of the system over longer times. You should try to separate out the long-term part of the problem, by expressing the short-term process as the finding of some equilibrium, and then assume that that equilibrium is present and solve the long-term problem on its own.
 You can often tackle these by intervening directly in the y array between each timestep. For example, if y[17] is the height of the ball above the floor, and y[20] is the vertical component of the velocity, do something like
if y[17]<0.0 then y[17] = -0.9*y[17]; y[20] = -0.9*y[20] end
and thus, again, let the numerical integration solve just the smooth part of the problem.
This module is available as a LuaRock in
luarocks.org/modules/peterbillam
so you should be able to install it with the command:
luarocks install math-rungekutta
The source is in cpansearch.perl.org/src/PJB/Math-RungeKutta-1.08/lua/ for you to install by hand in your LUA_PATH
This module is the translation into Lua of
the Perl CPAN module Math::RungeKutta,
and comes in its ./lua
subdirectory.
There also exists a translation into JavaScript
which comes in its ./js
subdirectory.
The calling-interfaces are identical in all three versions.
Peter J Billam, http://www.pjb.com.au/comp/contact.html
On the Accuracy of Runge-Kutta's Method, M. Lotkin, MTAC, vol 5, pp 128-132, 1951
An Operational Method for the study of Integration Processes, R. H. Merson, Proceedings of a Symposium on Data Processing, Weapons Research Establishment, Salisbury, South Australia, 1957
Numerical Solution of Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations, L. Fox, Pergamon, 1962
A First Course in Numerical Analysis, A. Ralston, McGraw-Hill, 1965
Numerical Initial Value Problems in Ordinary Differential Equations, C. William Gear, Prentice-Hall, 1971


--- layout: post authors: ["Greg Wilson"] title: "Our Plan for the Science Lab" date: 2013-09-02 time: "10:00:00" tags: ["Community", "Mozilla"] ---
Kaitlin Thaney, the recently-appointed Director of the Mozilla Science Lab, recently posted some thoughts about the lab's mission and plans. Long story short, its focus is to improve communication and interoperability in open science—paraphrasing William Gibson, the future is already here, but the pieces don't play nicely with each other yet, so the lab is going to help make and strengthen social and technical connections. If you have thoughts on how to accelerate this, we'd like to hear from you.


{% extends "attendance/base.html" %} {% block body %} {% block swipe_card_form %} {% endblock %}
No member is currently checked in.


This identifier can be used to abort the execution of the command
accociated with that identifier. Note that it is generally not
necessary to obtain a new id for each command, because commands are
executed synchronously. So the id for a command is valid again after a
command previously associated with this id has finished. In fact you
only should get one identifier per thread and assign it to every
command executed by that thread.
Also, after a call to XCommandProcessor::abort, an
identifier should not be used any longer (and instead be released by a
call to XCommandProcessor2::releaseCommandIdentifier),
because it may well abort all further calls to
XCommandProcessor::execute.
To avoid ever-increasing resource consumption, the identifier
should be released via
XCommandProcessor2::releaseCommandIdentifier
when it is no longer used.


1 Anyone, Egyptian or foreigner, known to have been carried off by a crocodile or drowned by the river itself, must by all means be embalmed and wrapped as attractively as possible and buried in a sacred coffin by the people of the place where he is cast ashore;
2 none of his relatives or friends may touch him, but his body is considered something more than human, and is handled and buried by the priests of the Nile themselves.


Using the Venues module facilitates access to given indoor maps including full JSON models. The Venues APIs provide information about the indoor spaces, including buildings, level geometry and points of interest.
More information about the use of Venues API can be found here.
This example shows a map of Zurich Airport.
The example shows loading of indoor information using H.venues.Service
and renders the indoor map
using an instance of H.venues.Provider
.
It also shows usage of venue related ui controls to
change levels and buildings using respectively H.venues.ui.LevelControl
and
H.venues.ui.DrawingControl
.


Example of how to use bvector template class to set bits and then retrieve indexes of ON bits. For more information please visit: http://bmagic.sourceforge.net
/* Copyright(c) 2002-2005 Anatoliy Kuznetsov(anatoliy_kuznetsov at yahoo.com) Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. */ /** \example sample1.cpp Example of how to use bvector template class to set bits and then retrieve indexes of ON bits. For more information please visit: http://bmagic.sourceforge.net \sa bm::bvector<>::get_next() \sa bm::bvector<>::get_first() \sa bm::bvector<>::set() \sa bm::bvector<>::count() \sa bm::bvector<>::clear() */ #include <iostream> #include "bm.h" using namespace std; int main(void) { bm::bvector<> bv; // Bitvector variable declaration. cout << bv.count() << endl; // Set some bits. bv.set(10); bv.set(100); bv.set(1000000); // New bitvector's count. cout << bv.count() << endl; // Print the bitvector. unsigned value = bv.get_first(); do { cout << value; value = bv.get_next(value); if (value) { cout << ","; } else { break; } } while(1); cout << endl; bv.clear(); // Clean up. cout << bv.count() << endl; // We also can use operators to set-clear bits; bv[10] = true; bv[100] = true; bv[10000] = true; cout << bv.count() << endl; if (bv[10]) { bv[10] = false; } cout << bv.count() << endl; return 0; }


--- layout: example category: example title: Add support for right-to-left scripts description: 'Use the mapbox-gl-rtl-text plugin to support scripts that use right-to-left layout (such as Arabic or Hebrew). Note that Studio does not yet support RTL text.' tags: - internationalization ---


Marc Strong
About Me
Portfolio
(current)
Projects
Scheduler
Link: Scheduler
Scheduler Repository
Weather Dashboard
Link: Weather Dashboard
Weather Dashboard Repository
Shaker
Link: Shaker
Shaker Repository
Note Taker
Link: Note Taker
Note Taker Repository
Burger
Link: Burger
Burger Repository
StockWATCH
Link: StockWATCH
StockWATCH Repository


HFMD patient {border-style mouth px;} #ffffff;} disease clinical severe children infection []. hand, neurological showed foot, enterovirus day caused px; {font-family Infect complications font-size Department Enterovirus Hand, IgM age case diagnosis double; muscle reported treatment associated blood border-color border-width developed encephalitis encephalitis, foot lesions patients report solid; teenagers {font-style {font-weight CVA China Chongqing HFMD. Infectious Medical Severe acute bold brain courier; detected disease, em; epidemics fluid immunoglobulin improvement manifestations normal. occurring oral performed present presentation pt;} strength therapy typical vesicular years × /L;


object NoneId : MaybeRecordId
ID for records that are only in-memory and not persisted in the database yet (or at all)
Since ApplicationRecord
IDs are generated (auto-increment), they should not be set when
instantiating an object and instead auto assigned when persisting it to the database.


This is the homepage for the Mundelein High School programming club. We provide an environment for MHS students to program and learn to program. We're newly founded so there'll be more to see here later. (^̮^)
Goals for this Club
Give people a chance to learn and program with others
Projects we are currently doing or will be doing
Some things we'll definitely be working on:
Chrome extensions. MHS issues chromebooks to students which means these extension can have a big impact. For example, the school CISPA filter blocks a lot of relevant sites. Visiting all these sites to find that they're blocked is annoying and time-wasting, so a chrome extension that lets you know whether a link is blocked is bliss.
Processing sketches. For most new members byte club will be their first time coding and processing/processing.js is an ideal way to begin, as it allows you to write visual programs easily and immediately. You can make cool art, interactive demonstrations, and much more!
There's also a great curriculum and editor for it at Khanacademy.org
Hackathons. This is when programmers get together and build cool things in a short span of time. Some (unaffiliated) examples of hackathons people could attend are CodeDay or any of the many listed at mlh.io.
Impossible Game Challenge is what we are making as a fun club project. The club members are making challenges that we will put together to make one big game.
These are some websites to visit to learn to program
Codecademy Offers great tutorials on Web development (HTML/CSS/Javascript/JQuery/Ruby/PHP) and Python.
KhanAcademy Great editor for visual javascript programs. Also includes a full suite of videos to teach you how to program.
Bento Includes lots of great links to programming tutorials.
CS50 Harvard intro programming course. Teaches you computer science, languages used include include C, PHP, and JavaScript plus SQL, CSS, and HTML
Udacity Offers a wide variety of Computer Science courses from beginner intro courses to advanced "holy cow we're making a self-driving car" courses. Includes really great introductory programming course on Python, although all of its courses are great.


Maharashtra political drama: Now, NCP pushes Ajit Pawar to resign as Maharashtra Dy CM
Sources informed India Today TV that NCP chief Sharad Pawar's extended family is trying to push Ajit Pawar to resign as the deputy chief minister of Maharashtra and come back to the party.
HIGHLIGHTS
- NCP trying to push Ajit Pawar to resign as Maharashtra Dy CM
- NCP MLA Rohit Pawar also appealed Ajit Pawar to come back to the party
- NCP's Jayant Patil is also going to visit Ajit Pawar to convince him to return to the party
Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) is making last-ditch efforts to bring back Ajit Pawar to the party fold just a day after he sided with the Bharatiya Janata Party to form the Maharashtra government.
Sources informed India Today TV that NCP chief Sharad Pawar's extended family is trying to push Ajit Pawar to resign as the deputy chief minister of Maharashtra and come back to the party.
Sharad Pawar and his daughter Supriya Sule reportedly spoke to Shrinivas Pawar, the brother of Ajit Pawar.
Pawar's grandson and NCP MLA Rohit Pawar also appealed Ajit Pawar to come back to the party.
NCP's Jayant Patil is also going to visit Ajit Pawar to convince him to return to the party. "I am hopeful to convince him to end his rebellion," Patil said.
Meanwhile, NCP claims that it has the support of 51 MLAs and that the BJP will not be able to prove majority if an immediate floor test is ordered by the top court.
Senior Shiv Sena leader Sanjay Raut also claimed that the NCP-Congress-Sena alliance has the support of 165 MLAs and added that the BJP does not have the required numbers to form the government in Maharashtra.
All eyes will now be on the Supreme Court's decision, which will decide the future course of action in the Maharashtra political drama.


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Purpose
This Functions calculates for a given date the sum of seconds, minutes, ... in the year.
Description
The output of this function is real, so on March 6th the sum of year
is 0.175, the sum of month is 2.13. This function
exists as S-function and as M-script.
Inputs:
Outputs:
Parameters and Dialog Box


HOME - Start here . . .
This is an example of a Twine created game as a Teacher Virus Payload
You can very easily create links to other content by using two left (open) square brackets and it will prompt you with names of other pages/rooms you've created.
There are two other rooms in this example:
[[Room Two]]
[[third]] This is the second step in the example
Go to the third room!
[[third]] Room Three
return to the start ....
[[Hello World]]


Home
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Builds and Owners
Austin Green's 370z
Andrew's FBO GTR


Dream Oriented is a mobile application development team that is focused on making technology accessible and effortable.
Leeloo is an app that helps non-verbal kids to communicate with their parents, teachers and friends. Leeloo is developed with the AAC (Augmentative and Alternative Communication) and PECS (Picture Exchange Communication System) principles.


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3 Polipo and the network
Client connections
: Speaking to clients
Contacting servers
: Contacting servers.
HTTP tuning
: Tuning at the HTTP level.
Offline browsing
: Browsing with poor connectivity.
Server statistics
: Polipo keeps statistics about servers.
Server-side behaviour
: Tuning the server-side behaviour.
PMM
: Poor Man's Multiplexing.
Forbidden
: You can forbid some URLs.
DNS
: How Polipo finds hosts.
Parent proxies
: Fetching data from other proxies.
Tuning POST and PUT
: Tuning POST and PUT requests.
Tunnelling connections
: Tunnelling foreign protocols and https.


import ConnectionDetailsService from 'uoit-virtualtour/client/app/components/settings/connectionDetails.service.js'
ConnectionDetailsService
This service is responsible for translating user network and device details into a usable format for application settings.
It contains methods for detecting details, optimizing settings based on details, calculating general reports of setting levels, and providing human-readable versions of those reports.
Constructor Summary
| Public Constructor | ||
| public |
constructor($rootScope: *, $http: *, $q: *, USER_DEFAULTS: *) Initializes the service's dependencies. Extracts usage profiles
from the |
Member Summary
| Public Members | ||
| public |
$http: * |
|
| public |
$q: * |
|
| public |
$rootScope: * |
|
| public |
connection: * |
|
| public |
profiles: * |
Method Summary
| Public Methods | ||
| public |
calculateUsageLevel(usage: Object): Promise Tallies up values of usage settings asynchronously
by using |
|
| public |
Uses Angular's |
|
| public |
getLabelsFromTally(tally: Array<Number>): Array<String> Maps a tally array of numbers into a label array of human-readable usage level strings. |
|
| public |
Determines the best usage profile (from |
Public Constructors
public constructor($rootScope: *, $http: *, $q: *, USER_DEFAULTS: *) source
Initializes the service's dependencies. Extracts usage profiles
from the USER_DEFAULTS.profiles
constant and discards other settings.
Params:
| Name | Type | Attribute | Description |
| $rootScope | * | ||
| $http | * | ||
| $q | * | ||
| USER_DEFAULTS | * |
Public Members
public $http: * source
public $q: * source
public $rootScope: * source
public connection: * source
public profiles: * source
Public Methods
public calculateUsageLevel(usage: Object): Promise source
Tallies up values of usage settings asynchronously
by using $scope.$eval()
to match applicable usage
level values against their keys (which are keyed by
"condition").
Params:
| Name | Type | Attribute | Description |
| usage | Object | Incoming usage preference object |
Example:
{
'<= 15': [0, 0, 5],
'== 0': [...]
}
public detect(): Promise source
Uses Angular's $http
service to send a request to the server
for a connection test. Internally, the server API measures
connection speed in the background, and supplies this info back
to the app along with device details when it becomes available.
public getLabelsFromTally(tally: Array<Number>): Array<String> source
Maps a tally array of numbers into a label array of human-readable usage level strings.


Julien Stephan demands Celtic response after Rennes boss admits league 'shame'
The French side have been poor this season and are looking to turn things around in Glasgow.
by Mark WalkerRennes boss Julien Stephan has revealed he's ashamed of his side ahead of their Europa League trip to Celtic this week.
The Hoops have already safely made it through to the knockout stages with two games to spare after famous home and away successes over Lazio .
But manager Neil Lennon will demand his side maintain their position at the top of the group when French strugglers Rennes , who are already out, visit Glasgow this week.
Their weekend 2-1 defeat to Dijon saw them plunge into the bottom half of Ligue 1 and manager Stephan has had enough of some of his players.
He said: "We were very weak in every department. The feeling I have at the moment is one of shame for our position in the league.
"We have fans who come and support us and we repay them with a performance like that.
"It's a big disappointment. Me, the players and the staff should be ashamed of that. It's a long way from being good enough.
"There was a lack of commitment among some of the players and that can never be acceptable.
"Now we have a big challenge in Scotland in midweek and I will look to see if these players can respond to this defeat."


WikiLeaks founder Assange has unsuitable computer in jail, court told
Struggling to prepare for his case fighting extradition to the United States.
by Staff WriterWikiLeaks founder Julian Assange is struggling to prepare for his case fighting extradition to the United States because he has been given an unsuitable computer in prison, his lawyer told a British court on Monday.
Assange, 48, who spent seven years holed up in Ecuador’s embassy before he was dragged out in April, is wanted in the United States to face 18 counts including conspiring to hack government computers and violating an espionage law. He could spend decades in prison if convicted.
Appearing at London's Westminster Magistrates' Court via video link, Assange spoke only to confirm his name and date of birth in a hearing that lasted just a few minutes.
His lawyer, Gareth Peirce, told the court that her client was unable to adequately prepare for his “very challenging case” as the computer he had been given was not suitable.
"After months of battle he was provided with a computer but it is not the sort of computer needed to work on the case," Peirce said.
Judge Vanessa Baraitser said she had no jurisdiction over his conditions in prison.
Assange, who was sentenced to 50 weeks in prison for skipping bail to flee to the Ecuadorean embassy, will remain in custody ahead of a case management hearing on Dec. 19 before full extradition proceedings in February.


Returns detailed information about command execution for an invocation or plugin.
See also: AWS API Documentation
get-command-invocation
--command-id <value>
--instance-id <value>
[--plugin-name <value>]
[--cli-input-json <value>]
[--generate-cli-skeleton <value>]
(Required) The parent command ID of the invocation plugin.
(Required) The ID of the managed instance targeted by the command.
(Optional) The name of the plugin for which you want detailed results. If the SSM document contains only one plugin, the name can be omitted and the details will be returned.
--cli-input-json (string) Performs service operation based on the JSON string provided. The JSON string follows the format provided by --generate-cli-skeleton. If other arguments are provided on the command line, the CLI values will override the JSON-provided values.
--generate-cli-skeleton (string) Prints a JSON skeleton to standard output without sending an API request. If provided with no value or the value input, prints a sample input JSON that can be used as an argument for --cli-input-json. If provided with the value output, it validates the command inputs and returns a sample output JSON for that command.
To display the details of a command invocation
This example displays the details of Command ID bca3371c-3fdf-43f1-9323-7a7780b1b4db executed on Instance ID i-0000293ffd8c57862.
Command:
aws ssm get-command-invocation --command-id "bca3371c-3fdf-43f1-9323-7a7780b1b4db" --instance-id "i-0000293ffd8c57862"
Output:
{
"Comment": "Apply association with id at creation time: a052fd99-0852-4df2-ad69-0299f2c82047",
"Status": "SUCCESS",
"ExecutionEndDateTime": "",
"StandardErrorContent": "",
"InstanceId": "i-0000293ffd8c57862",
"StandardErrorUrl": "",
"DocumentName": "AWS-RefreshAssociation",
"StandardOutputContent": "",
"PluginName": "",
"ResponseCode": -1,
"CommandId": "bca3371c-3fdf-43f1-9323-7a7780b1b4db",
"StandardOutputUrl": ""
}
CommandId -> (string)
The parent command ID of the invocation plugin.
InstanceId -> (string)
The ID of the managed instance targeted by the command.
Comment -> (string)
The comment text for the command.
DocumentName -> (string)
The name of the SSM document that was executed. For example, AWS-RunShellScript is an SSM document.
PluginName -> (string)
The name of the plugin for which you want detailed results. For example, aws:RunShellScript is a plugin.
ResponseCode -> (integer)
The error level response code for the plugin script. If the response code is -1 , then the command has not started executing on the instance, or it was not received by the instance.
ExecutionStartDateTime -> (string)
The date and time the plugin started executing. Date and time are written in ISO 8601 format. For example, August 28, 2016 is represented as 2016-08-28. If the plugin has not started to execute, the string is empty.
ExecutionElapsedTime -> (string)
Duration since ExecutionStartDateTime .
ExecutionEndDateTime -> (string)
The date and time the plugin was finished executing. Date and time are written in ISO 8601 format. For example, August 28, 2016 is represented as 2016-08-28. If the plugin has not started to execute, the string is empty.
Status -> (string)
The status of the parent command for this invocation. This status can be different than StatusDetails .
StatusDetails -> (string)
A detailed status of the command execution for an invocation. StatusDetails includes more information than Status because it includes states resulting from error and concurrency control parameters. StatusDetails can show different results than Status . For more information about these statuses, see Monitor Commands (Linux) or Monitor Commands (Windows). StatusDetails can be one of the following values:
- Pending – The command has not been sent to the instance.
- In Progress – The command has been sent to the instance but has not reached a terminal state.
- Delayed – The system attempted to send the command to the target, but the target was not available. The instance might not be available because of network issues, the instance was stopped, etc. The system will try to deliver the command again.
- Success – The command or plugin was executed successfully. This is a terminal state.
- Delivery Timed Out – The command was not delivered to the instance before the delivery timeout expired. Delivery timeouts do not count against the parent command’s MaxErrors limit, but they do contribute to whether the parent command status is Success or Incomplete . This is a terminal state.
- Execution Timed Out – The command started to execute on the instance, but the execution was not complete before the timeout expired. Execution timeouts count against the MaxErrors limit of the parent command. This is a terminal state.
- Failed – The command wasn't executed successfully on the instance. For a plugin, this indicates that the result code was not zero. For a command invocation, this indicates that the result code for one or more plugins was not zero. Invocation failures count against the MaxErrors limit of the parent command. This is a terminal state.
- Canceled – The command was terminated before it was completed. This is a terminal state.
- Undeliverable – The command can't be delivered to the instance. The instance might not exist or might not be responding. Undeliverable invocations don't count against the parent command’s MaxErrors limit and don't contribute to whether the parent command status is Success or Incomplete . This is a terminal state.
- Terminated – The parent command exceeded its MaxErrors limit and subsequent command invocations were canceled by the system. This is a terminal state.
StandardOutputContent -> (string)
The first 24,000 characters written by the plugin to stdout. If the command has not finished executing, if ExecutionStatus is neither Succeeded nor Failed , then this string is empty.
StandardOutputUrl -> (string)
The URL for the complete text written by the plugin to stdout in Amazon S3. If an Amazon S3 bucket was not specified, then this string is empty.
StandardErrorContent -> (string)
The first 8,000 characters written by the plugin to stderr. If the command has not finished executing, then this string is empty.
StandardErrorUrl -> (string)
The URL for the complete text written by the plugin to stderr. If the command has not finished executing, then this string is empty.


|
XLabs
Cross-platform reusable C# libraries
|
ASyncronous Implmenta tion of the IGesture The execute is asyncronous while the canexecute is syncronous Paramater is an T type More...
Public Member Functions | |
| RelayGestureAsync (Func< GestureResult, T, Task > execute, Func< GestureResult, T, bool > predicate) | |
| Builds the Rely Gesture More... | |
| async void | ExecuteGesture (GestureResult result, object param) |
| Excutes the asyncronous action assoicated with the gesture More... | |
| bool | CanExecuteGesture (GestureResult result, object annoyingbaseobjectthing) |
| Tests to see if a gesture's action can execute More... | |
| RelayGestureAsync (Func< GestureResult, object, Task > execute, Func< GestureResult, object, bool > predicate) | |
| Builds the Rely Gesture More... | |
| async void | ExecuteGesture (GestureResult result, object param) |
| Excutes the asyncronous action assoicated with the gesture More... | |
| bool | CanExecuteGesture (GestureResult result, object annoyingbaseobjectthing) |
| Tests to see if a gesture's action can execute More... | |
Protected Member Functions | |
| virtual async Task | Execute (GestureResult gesture, object annoyingbaseobjectthing) |
| Virtual aync funciton that the user can override to provide any custom functionality required. More... | |
| virtual async Task | Execute (GestureResult gesture, object annoyingbaseobjectthing) |
| Virtual aync funciton that the user can override to provide any custom functionality required. More... | |
ASyncronous Implmenta tion of the IGesture The execute is asyncronous while the canexecute is syncronous Paramater is an T type
ASyncronous Implmenta tion of the IGesture The execute is asyncronous while the canexecute is syncronous Paramater is an object type
| T | : | class |
| XLabs.Forms.Behaviors.RelayGestureAsync< T >.RelayGestureAsync | ( | Func< GestureResult, T, Task > | execute, |
| Func< GestureResult, T, bool > | predicate | ||
| ) |
Builds the Rely Gesture
| execute | The asyncronous action to execute when the gesture occures |
| predicate | A function to determine if the action should fire. If ommited the action is always available. |
| XLabs.Forms.Behaviors.RelayGestureAsync< T >.RelayGestureAsync | ( | Func< GestureResult, object, Task > | execute, |
| Func< GestureResult, object, bool > | predicate | ||
| ) |
Builds the Rely Gesture
| execute | The asyncronous action to execute when the gesture occures |
| predicate | A function to determine if the action should fire. If ommited the action is always available. |
| bool XLabs.Forms.Behaviors.RelayGestureAsync< T >.CanExecuteGesture | ( | GestureResult | result, |
| object | annoyingbaseobjectthing | ||
| ) |
Tests to see if a gesture's action can execute
| result | The final GestureResult |
| annoyingbaseobjectthing | The Gesture Paramater |
Implements XLabs.Forms.Behaviors.IGesture.
| bool XLabs.Forms.Behaviors.RelayGestureAsync< T >.CanExecuteGesture | ( | GestureResult | result, |
| object | annoyingbaseobjectthing | ||
| ) |
Tests to see if a gesture's action can execute
| result | The final GestureResult |
| annoyingbaseobjectthing | The Gesture Paramater |
Implements XLabs.Forms.Behaviors.IGesture.
|
protectedvirtual |
Virtual aync funciton that the user can override to provide any custom functionality required.
| gesture | GestureResult |
| annoyingbaseobjectthing |
|
protectedvirtual |
Virtual aync funciton that the user can override to provide any custom functionality required.
| gesture | GestureResult |
| annoyingbaseobjectthing |
| async void XLabs.Forms.Behaviors.RelayGestureAsync< T >.ExecuteGesture | ( | GestureResult | result, |
| object | param | ||
| ) |
Excutes the asyncronous action assoicated with the gesture
| result | The final GestureResult |
| param | The Gesture Paramater |
Implements XLabs.Forms.Behaviors.IGesture.
| async void XLabs.Forms.Behaviors.RelayGestureAsync< T >.ExecuteGesture | ( | GestureResult | result, |
| object | param | ||
| ) |
Excutes the asyncronous action assoicated with the gesture
| result | The final GestureResult |
| param | The Gesture Paramater |
Implements XLabs.Forms.Behaviors.IGesture.


This is a control for routing in Leaflet. In short, it helps finding the way from one location to another, possibly visiting a couple of via points in between. Behind the scenes, it uses OSRM to search the routes.
Drag and drop the blue waypoint markers, or grab the orange route line and drag a new via waypoint. You can also enter an address in the address text fields on the right side.
The plugin is free and open source. Downloads and documentation is available on Leaflet Routing Machine's GitHub page.
This is a basic example, where two waypoints have been added. Also, a geocoder has been added to support entering addresses, as well as finding the address for a location when a waypoint is drag-and-dropped on the map. It uses OpenStreetMap's Nominatim through Leaflet Control Geocoder, which works well with Leaflet Routing Machine.
The example also uses Leaflet.iconLabel to put the small letter indicators next to the waypoint markers in the map.
We also enable routeWhileDragging
, so that the route is updated while the waypoint markers
are dragged on the map.
L.Routing.control({
plan: L.Routing.plan([
L.latLng(48.8588,2.3469),
L.latLng(52.3546,4.9039)
], {
createMarker: function(i, wp) {
return L.marker(wp.latLng, {
draggable: true,
icon: new L.Icon.Label.Default({ labelText: String.fromCharCode(65 + i) })
});
},
geocoder: L.Control.Geocoder.nominatim()
}),
routeWhileDragging: true
}).addTo(map);


Dev Docs: https://developers.komodoplatform.com | Test plan: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1l0dWEPcrv9zE11_TD-XrX_HIYV0VLpadCJN6hvaZERc/edit#gid=211514340
https://medium.com/@jameslee777/how-to-implement-finite-state-machines-into-a-cc-8dfeadccbcad
https://github.com/dimxy/komodo/wiki/Designing-RPC-for-FSM-CC
IBM cryptographers Vadim Lyubashevsky and Gregor Seiler provide quantum safe cryptography standard, CRYSTALS-KYBER, CRYSTALS-#DILITHIUM and FALCON P.s. implemented in Komodo by Jl777 -> https://t.co/e5sA73yQQ9
Dilithium related ^^
Artist12-Apr-19 06:14 AM
cool
where? @Regnar
Regnar12-Apr-19 06:19 PM
^ that link I posted was some IBM cryptographers talking about Dilithium signatures. Komodo just implemented a new Dilithium signature CC
dukeleto12-Apr-19 07:17 PM
If anybody wants to suggest a stable-ish CC to be enabled in HUSH, now is the time
leaning towards adding Dilithium, and looking for suggestions
Alright13-Apr-19 04:16 AM
@dukeleto Dilithium would be a safe bet IMO
can't see any reason it would be forking
dukeleto13-Apr-19 11:16 AM
groovy
dukeleto13-Apr-19 01:18 PM
@Alright can you verify for me which ccenable number I should use for dilithium? My brain is a bit fried
i forgot what that variable is called and can't search for the hex to convert to decimal, lol
having a table of values would be really nice to outsiders
jl777c13-Apr-19 01:18 PM
dilithium is only in the sudoku libcc if i remember right
it does belone as a core CC though
dukeleto13-Apr-19 01:19 PM
ok, i keep learning
Hush will have to do a forced update in a few weeks for new notaries, so we have a timeframe to make more updates soon
i am just going to stick with the CC's that I have now. I will put Dilithium in the "to be enabled" category
@jl777c you were so right saying "perfection is the enemy of completion", as you always seem to be. I went down a deep rabbit hole modifying code I shouldn't, and Alright set me straight
I mined at least 10 testnets in the last 48hrs, and read parts of KMD internals I had never seen
learned how magicExtra sausage is made, that is fascinating
and I learned how badly I could break the mining process by changing things I don't fully understand
HUSHv3 is still a source code fork, but it's very tiny and lean and protected by an if AC==HUSH guard
I was able to merge 20K lines of diff this morning, jl777/dev into my duke branch of hush3, with no merge conflicts and I almost cried tears of joy
jl777c13-Apr-19 01:35 PM
with the lag between CC being developed and it getting GUI and marketing, maybe being one year or more in many cases. any chain that specializes in maximizing any specific CC would end up being the showcase for that CC
dukeleto13-Apr-19 02:09 PM
I am hoping to attract some CC devs to the new HUSH chain, and I am very excited about the possibilities of Heir and Oracle and basically all of it
there are many unexplored avenues of HushList protocol + cryptoconditions, as well
jl777c13-Apr-19 02:10 PM
yes, if the viewing keys ever work, it might even be possible to combine zaddr and CC
3
dukeleto13-Apr-19 02:11 PM
I can imagine a CC where unless a specific address sends funds to it regularly, information is released, maybe the privkey that unlocks memo fields, or a viewkey
dead man switch for whistleblowers(edited)
i think a CC could inject a viewing key into OP_RETURN data, without touching zaddrs directly
jl777c13-Apr-19 02:14 PM
it would be like a transistor with a control gate (triggered by tx)
so you send a tx to an address, then then enables those funds to be spent and doing so reveals the pubkey
dukeleto13-Apr-19 02:14 PM
i could imagine a few people that would be interested in this kind of tech
The future success dApp is decentralized and all profits generated are burned, permanently burning token supply, increasing scarcity and token value.
No one talks about this.
Of interest to $EOS, $ETH, $XTZ and $WAVES holders.
Exile1329-Apr-19 09:55 AM
perfection is the enemy of completion ::bows::
yes, the only other cc i would suggest is the zaddr, but im not the first to the punch!
jl777c29-Apr-19 10:00 AM
NFT has total supply of 1, at least when the transporter malfunction is fixed
2
artik12304-May-19 03:00 PM
I'm not much of an expert on that, but I wonder if automatic rewards claiming cc module can be done...?(edited)
gcharang04-May-19 03:19 PM
rewards claiming - is available only on the main KMD chain, which won't be getting CC
also, it defeats the purpose of "active user reward"(edited)
artik12304-May-19 03:20 PM
what is the purpose of it being active?
why it should be active?(edited)
gcharang04-May-19 03:25 PM
I don't know the exact reason, but I think it is to
- make people use the KMD chain, update their nodes/wallets, keep up with the latest news of the network
- I remember reading somewhere that it will atleast make the tx fee effectively zero
artik12304-May-19 03:27 PM
both reasons don't make sense to me... but 10x(edited)
gcharang04-May-19 03:29 PM
anyway, relevant point is: "rewards claiming - is available only on the main KMD chain, which won't be getting CC"
what is 10x?
Komodo. Contribute to jl777/komodo development by creating an account on GitHub.
evalcode in this case
blackjok3r11-Jun-19 03:13 PM
its a function that signs transactions
this kind of replaces that, its extremly diffrent.
like I said, this wont work with many existing CCs. I think once we figure out how to use it, many new things will be possible
we are half way there, dimxy is using the ccopparams with pubkeys for marmara, and I used it without pubkeys for paymentsCC
yes both is required
jl777c11-Jun-19 03:15 PM
a properly signed tx is an offchain operation
however it is achieved is fine
blackjok3r11-Jun-19 03:17 PM
the signing of tx is very o low level, they should all work the same ?
jl777c11-Jun-19 03:17 PM
cryptoconditions signing should be compatible
CyberTrucker22-Jun-19 01:48 AM
@jl777c spam ^
Same message is in our pirate channel
Alright04-Jul-19 04:50 PM
@Deleted User pretty sure you can if you set ac_sapling=<block height far in the future>
not sure why you would though
phm8704-Jul-19 04:53 PM
@Alright if I use ac_sapling as you suggested, can I have overwinter without sapling ? I ask because I think that on kmd, both overwinter and sapling upgrades are fused/mised.
Alright04-Jul-19 04:54 PM
I believe so, but I would need to test to confirm
believe that would be the default behavior
phm8704-Jul-19 04:57 PM
Ok thx. I did not know
ac_sapling or ac_public ?
jl777c04-Jul-19 04:58 PM
i dont see why ac_public would disabled sapling
phm8704-Jul-19 04:58 PM
I will read docs
Alright04-Jul-19 04:58 PM
@Deleted User definitely does not
just disables z transactions
KMD itself is ac_public=1
that and nlocktime stuff
a few things, would need to read the spec from zcash
phm8704-Jul-19 05:00 PM
I expect version 3 and not 4. Overwinter stuff but no sapling fields (or filled with 0)
To test my stratum
It should work for coins with overwinter but without sapling
Alright04-Jul-19 05:01 PM
look at txes on OOT or ZILLA
phm8704-Jul-19 05:01 PM
Thx
blackjok3r08-Jul-19 01:59 AM
https://github.com/KMDLabs/komodo/blob/lotto/src/cc/customcc.cpphttps://github.com/KMDLabs/komodo/blob/lotto/src/cc/customcc.h
This is my first attempt at making a CC from scratch, It changes a fair few things, and leverages the Verus Enhanced CCs with some changes I added myself, to make validation work. We havent tested this yet, but I hope to get a chain up on LABS as soon as I can. I tried to comment well, would be good if someone can have a look at this and let me know if there is something that needs clarifying, as I want people to understand how this works, so they can offer improvements to it.
The one thing I dont like is that to make it work correctly, I needed to re purpouse the version integer in COptCCParams to funcid. Really it should have both, or possibly, we can set version to 3, and maybe this will allow an extra integer to be added to the Class without beaking backwards compatibility.
Komodo Platform is a leading innovator of blockchain technology. Now, Komodo is implementing the Custom Consensus framework and UTXO-based smart contracts.
Julia16-Jul-19 06:49 PM
Hi folks! How are u?
I have a question: which wallet should i use if I wanna store komodo, but pirate and k 64 too???
i found 5 wallets but don't know what is better to use


{% extends "global/Page.html" %} {% load otree %} {% block title %} INFORMED CONSENT {% endblock %} {% block content %}
I. STUDY DESCRIPTION
We are asking you to take part in a research study sponsored by Bocconi University under the direction of Professor Pedro Aceves. If you have any questions about this research you may contact Pedro Aceves at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>If, at any time, you have questions about your rights as a research participant, you may contact the Ethics Committee secretariat at Bocconi University<EMAIL_ADDRESS>The Ethics Committee is a board organized to protect the rights and welfare of participants involved in research.
II. STUDY OVERVIEW
The purpose of this study is to investigate the process of information recall. The complete objectives of the research will not be described in advance, as doing so might influence the outcomes, but participants will have an opportunity to receive a complete explanation of the study following its completion. The study will consist of viewing information on a screen and then recalling this information in the following screens. This experimental session is expected to last 30 minutes.
If you agree to be part of the research study, you will be asked to view information on a computer screen and then recall this information in future screens. You will have access to information about past participants’ recalled information. Therefore, future participants may have indirect access to your own recalled information. Your identity will not be revealed during or after the experiment.
III. RISKS
There are no foreseeable risks or discomforts to you in filling out the questionnaire or completing the tasks beyond those ordinarily encountered in daily life or during the performance of routine physical or psychological examinations or tests.
IV. BENEFITS
There are no direct benefits that will come to you for participating in this survey. However, there are indirect benefits arising from the potential of the survey to provide valuable information about the psychological processes underlying many important yet everyday behaviors. Your participation in this survey will therefore be of scientific value by contributing to our understanding of how individuals recall information.
V. COMPENSATION
We thank you for your participation. To compensate you for your time, you will earn the specified rate provided by the survey company contacting you for your participation. You may choose to withdraw your data at any time before publication. Please notify us by emailing<EMAIL_ADDRESS>if you wish to formally withdraw from the experiment after you have completed the session.
VI. CONFIDENTIALITY
To ensure confidentiality and to guarantee internationally-accepted replicability standards, data will be analyzed and stored with code numbers, never with any information that could be used to identify participants. Data will be kept on secure servers, password-protected computers, and protected university data storage sites for replication purposes. The data will be stored after the termination of the current research for a period no shorter than 6 years, and at no time will any identifying information about the participants be stored along with the data. All of your responses will be held in confidence. Anonymized records may be shared with other professionals, authorities, or researchers who may be evaluating or replicating the study.
VII. VOLUNTARY PARTICIPATION
Participation in this study is completely voluntary and non-coercive with no negative consequences for refusal to participate. You may choose to leave the study at any point if you experience discomfort or find that there are any parts of this study that you do not wish to complete. Finally, you may refuse to complete any of the questionnaires or refuse to partake in any of the tasks without penalty or negative consequences.
VIII. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION FOR PARTICIPANTS
UNIVERSITA’ COMMERCIALE “LUIGI BOCCONI”, having its registered office in Milano at via Sarfatti 25, hereby declares that it falls within the field of application General Data Protection Regulation n. 679/2016 dealing with the protection of personal data, with reference to the use of the data subject’s personal data that is specifically indicated above.
IX. PARTICIPANT'S STATEMENT
I have read the study description and I volunteer to take part in this research. If I have questions about the research, I can ask the researcher listed above. I understand that I may refuse to participate or withdraw from participation at any time. I certify that I am 18 years of age or older and freely give my consent to participate in this study.
As evidence that you consent to participate in the experiment, please press "Next" if you consent to participate.


This talk was presented as a lightning talk at FOSDEM 2017. It described the CI features provided in Patchwork 2.0, which was at the time unreleased. I wrote a blog post to accompany the talk which is well worth reading (updated since to reflect changes in Patchwork 2.0 final).
What does it take to implement continuous integration-style automated testing into a mailing list-driven software project? Not a lot, actually. In this talk, we demonstrate how a simple but easily scaled testing system can be implemented for a such a project through the combination of Patchwork, the web-based patch tracking system, and open source CI tools such as Jenkins.
At FOSDEM 2016, developers working on Patchwork, the web-based patch tracking system, demonstrated some of the ongoing work in Patchwork. This work ranged from UI improvements to new features and APIs but, collectively, it had the goal of enabling automated testing functionality for software projects developed via mailing lists. The Patchwork developers have been busy since then and the application, in widespread use since 2008, recently hit the 2.0 milestone, marking this functionality as complete.
Projects such as the Dataplane Development Kit (DPDK) have quickly adopted the features that 2.0 brings, using them to enable real time, automated testing of patches sent to the mailing list. This automated testing provides a mechanism for developers to not only sidestep the more perfunctory of tasks, such as coding standard checks, but also to test changes in environments that they may not have at their disposal, such as differing hardware or OS configurations. As seen in projects pairing open source code collaboration tools like Gerrit or Rietveld with CI systems such as Jenkins or BuildBot, this continuous testing can provide huge improvements in developer velocity.
In this talk, we demonstrate how to build a basic “checkstyle” testing system through a combination of Patchwork and an off-the-shelf, open source CI system. This system will retrieve patches and dependencies, apply and test them, and report the results back to both Patchwork and a separate mailing list. This configuration demonstrates the best of Patchwork’s new features, and can be easily extended to cover far more complex testing scenarios.


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Hello!
Home
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Guide
Dissecting disorientating data
into disambiguate visualizations and smart predictions


NOTE: Hey! wait for some time. This page will be filled soon with a lot more academic resources. I've just started :D


Previous: Setf Expansions, Up: Overview of Places and Generalized Reference
Examples of the contents of the constituents of setf expansions follow.
For a variable x:
() ;list of temporary variables () ;list of value forms (g0001) ;list of store variables (setq x g0001) ;storing form x ;accessing form
Figure 5–3: Sample Setf Expansion of a Variable
For (car exp):
(g0002) ;list of temporary variables (exp) ;list of value forms (g0003) ;list of store variables (progn (rplaca g0002 g0003) g0003) ;storing form (car g0002) ;accessing form
Figure 5–4: Sample Setf Expansion of a CAR Form
For (subseq seq s e):
(g0004 g0005 g0006) ;list of temporary variables (seq s e) ;list of value forms (g0007) ;list of store variables (progn (replace g0004 g0007 :start1 g0005 :end1 g0006) g0007) ;storing form (subseq g0004 g0005 g0006) ; accessing form
Figure 5–5: Sample Setf Expansion of a SUBSEQ Form
In some cases, if a subform of a place is itself a place, it is necessary to expand the subform in order to compute some of the values in the expansion of the outer place. For (ldb bs (car exp)):
(g0001 g0002) ;list of temporary variables (bs exp) ;list of value forms (g0003) ;list of store variables (progn (rplaca g0002 (dpb g0003 g0001 (car g0002))) g0003) ;storing form (ldb g0001 (car g0002)) ; accessing form
Figure 5–6: Sample Setf Expansion of a LDB Form


Copyright ©2003 W3C® ( MIT, ERCIM, Keio), All Rights Reserved. W3C liability, trademark, document use and software licensing rules apply.
This document describes requirements for the Ink Markup Language that will be used in the multimodal interaction framework as proposed by the W3C Multimodal Interaction Working Group. The Ink Markup Language will serve as the data format for representing ink entered with an electronic pen or stylus in a multimodal system. The markup will allow for the input and processing of handwriting, gestures, sketches, music and other notational languages in web-based multimodal applications. In the context of the W3C Multimodal Interaction Framework, the markup provides a common format for the exchange of ink data between components such as handwriting and gesture recognizers, signature verifiers, and other ink-aware modules.
This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. The latest status of this document series is maintained at the W3C.
W3C's Multimodal Interaction Activity is developing specifications for extending the Web to support multiple modes of interaction. One mode of interaction that is expected to play a role in many multimodal use cases is pen input. The requirements described in this document will be used to guide the development of a markup language for representing ink data captured by a pen-enabled multimodal system. The Ink Markup Language is intended to be deployed within the W3C Multimodal Interaction Framework as a means for exchanging and storing such information.
This document is a NOTE made available by the W3C for archival purposes, and is not expected to undergo frequent changes. Publication of this Note by W3C indicates no endorsement by W3C or the W3C Team, or any W3C Members. A list of current W3C technical reports and publications, including Recommendations, Working Drafts, and Notes can be found at http://www.w3.org/TR/.
This document has been produced as part of the W3C Multimodal Interaction Activity, following the procedures set out for the W3C Process. The authors of this document are members of the Multimodal Interaction Working Group (W3C Members only). This is a Royalty Free Working Group, as described in W3C's Current Patent Practice NOTE. Working Group participants are required to provide patent disclosures.
Please send comments about this document to the public mailing list<EMAIL_ADDRESS>(public archives). To subscribe, send an email to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>with the word subscribe in the subject line (include the word unsubscribe if you want to unsubscribe).
The Ink Markup Language is the data format used to represent ink entered with an electronic pen or stylus in a multimodal system.
These requirements have been compiled based on review of the fundamental Multimodal Interaction Requirements and additional considerations pertaining to the role of the markup in pen-enabled systems. For each requirement that has been derived (in whole or in part) from fundamental Multimodal Interaction Requirements, the derivation is noted.
The Ink Markup will consist of primitive elements that represent low-level ink data information and application-specific elements that characterize meta information about the ink. Examples of primitive elements are device and screen context characteristics, and pen traces. Application-specific elements provide a higher level description of the ink data. For example, a segment tag could represent a group of ink traces that belong to a field in a form. Consequently, the requirements for the Ink Markup Language could fall in either of the two categories. This document does not attempt to classify requirements based on whether they are low-level or application specific.
The requirements are organized into six categories: General Requirements, Input Processing, Output Processing, Architectural, Mobility, and Multimodal Synchronization.The Ink Markup is intended to enable a broad range of ink related applications.
(INK-G1): The Ink Markup MUST have a rich
set of expressive features to directly support a range of
digital ink capabilities as needed by the
wide spectrum of multimodal applications targeted by the
MMIWG.
Derived from MMI-G1
Examples of pen-enabled multimodal applications can be found in the Multimodal Interaction Use Cases and an internal presentation (W3C Members only) to the working group.
Pen-enabled applications can be divided into broad application types depending upon the way in which the ink data is used.
(INK-G2): The Ink Markup MUST support
both persistent ink documents and interactive
applications (MUST specify).
Persistent ink documents include forms in a distributed forms processing application. Another example is a distributed recognition environment where ink is captured on a device and processed at a later time and place. In this case, user and device profile information might need to be included with the ink data at the time of capture, because the recognizer may not have access to it.
Electronic whiteboarding is an example of an interactive application.
Recognition of digital ink is expected to be an important application of the Ink Markup.
(INK-G3): The Ink Markup MUST provide a
mechanism to reference external resources and constraints that are
common across recognition-based input modalities (MUST
specify).
Derived from MMI-G3, MMI-I16
Examples of resources are syntactic constraints such as grammars and lexicons. The markup must link to these resources to avoid duplication of effort in authoring.
(INK-G4): The Ink Markup MUST provide
means to indicate the language that the handwritten ink represents
(MUST specify).
Derived from MMI-G8
In this context, the term language refers not only to human languages, but also to music, mathematical, and other notations.
This requirement ensures that the Ink Markup has multilingual support. The language information is important not only as input to handwriting recognizers but also to represent the results from the recognizer.
This language information might come from the user profile, application or device context, or it might be generated by a language identification module. It could be treated as an external resource (see INK-G2 above).
It is assumed that the Ink Markup will need to support annotations on ink made in different languages. For example, a particular ink document may contain handwritten ink that represents multiple languages. Even for a particular piece of ink data, it may be necessary to allow for annotations in multiple languages which may not be the same as the language of the handwritten ink itself. In addition, the character encoding of the ink document may not match the language represented by its ink data. For example, a document which is encoded in ISO646-US may contain ink data which represents handwritten katakana.
(INK-G5): The Ink Markup MUST allow for the representation of all information needed for the training of adaptive recognition systems.
In order for the Ink Markup to be widely adopted as the data representation for handwriting recognition systems, it must contain an application-specific module covering all elements required to support handwriting recognition training and development. For example, in training a handwriting recognition system, it is often necessary to label the ink data at various levels (e.g. corresponding to characters, words, and phrases) and to be able to affiliate traces or portions of traces with those labels.
(INK-G6): The Ink Markup MUST not require
special hardware to implement (MUST specify).
Derived from MMI-G11.
(INK-G7): The Ink Markup MUST be readable
by developers/authors of multimodal applications and be able to be
automatically generated by software (MUST specify).
Derived from MMI-G10
Readable means we do not need a software decoder to make sense of the ink data. However, we need to weigh the benefits of readability against the increased storage/bandwidth that would be required in order to make each element of the markup human readable. For example, it might make sense at the trace level, but not at the granularity of individual points/samples.
(INK-G8): The Ink Markup MUST be aligned
with the W3C specifications for security and privacy (MUST
specify).
Derived from MMI-G13.
Ink data often represents information that is sensitive, such as a signature. Similarly, the application of privacy issues to user profile data is relevant to the Ink Markup. However, at this time, we don't anticipate any specific measures within the Ink Markup itself for guaranteeing security and privacy of ink data.
(INK-G9): The Ink Markup SHOULD provide a mechanism for checking markup integrity (NICE to specify).
This refers to the integrity of the ink data itself, rather than well-formedness or validity of the Ink Markup, which can be verified by the use of readily available validation tools. One example of a simple integrity check would be an optional count attribute on items within an element, such as the number of points within a trace, which could be validated against the contents found between the trace's start-tag and end-tag.
(INK-I1): The Ink Markup MUST allow for
the capture of a wide variety of different data
channels according to the needs of the target engine (i.e.
processor) or engine type, and it must allow for extension into new
channel definitions to support future devices and applications
(MUST specify).
Derived from MMI-I1
Typical data channels include x- and y-coordinates, pen tip force, and pen angle.
Examples of engine types include handwriting/gesture recognition and signature verification.
(INK-I2): The Ink Markup MUST allow for
recording of information about user profile and ink capture that
contributes to the performance of recognition algorithms used in
handwriting and gesture recognition (MUST specify).
Derived from MMI-G14, MMI-I1, MMI-I10,
MMI-A5
User profile includes writer information such as handedness, age, style and skill. Device profile includes elements such as manufacturer, model, tablet resolution, sampling mode, and sampling rate.
(INK-I3): The Ink Markup MUST allow for
the representation of information about the screen context in which
the ink data was captured (MUST specify).
See also INK-A5
Screen context includes such information as the relationship between the digitizer and the display device during pen input. This information can be important for applications such as handwriting and gesture recognition. For example, the display resolution may affect the size of the user's handwriting, and this information can be used during normalization of the ink data for recognition.
(INK-I4): The Ink Markup MUST provide a means to represent trace attributes that could influence interpretation (e.g. highlighting vs. strikethrough) (MUST specify).
(INK-I5): The Ink Markup SHOULD define
mechanisms to allow clients to query device characteristics that
may be important in determining how to adapt to platform
capabilities, e.g., quality metrics (NICE to specify).
Derived from MMI-I8, MMI-I17, MMI-A15
The Ink Markup should provide device and context information that can be used to decide how to prioritize ink input relative to other modalities (this could be in addition to a higher-level processor's judgment of the uncertainty of its semantic interpretation of the ink). The markup doesn't need to know about which other modalities it is being combined with, but it needs to provide the necessary information to the higher layers for making decisions. For example, the Ink Markup can provide device level information that can be cached by a driver or the layers above.
The multimodal system may also invoke different ink processors depending on how the ink was captured. For example, ink captured on low-resolution devices may be handled by a specific processor.
(INK-I6): The Ink Markup MUST provide a way to preserve relative positioning of external events with respect to the ink stream (MUST specify).
Time-stamps will allow Ink Markup data to be integrated with other types of logged data. Alternatively, the Ink Markup will support time-stamped comment fields, which may contain application-specific (even proprietary) information, that may be used to integrate references to external events directly into the ink event stream.
(INK-I7): The Ink Markup MUST allow for the representation of changes to screen context or to ink attributes that are the result of commonly occurring control events in pen applications (MUST specify).
An example of a control event which results in an ink attribute change is a user action (button press, voice command, or other means) which switches pen colors.
Since MMI is intended for design of interactions, the ink specification should consider the role of ink in the output portion of interactions as well as input.
Consideration of the output portion of interactions requires two elements: output of ink, and; synchronization of ink input/output with other output modalities. Aside from making ink visible as it is being written, ink will also be displayed later or in different places, and in some cases may be generated and used by the application as a user prompt (e.g. in a cursive writing tutorial).
However, the ink specification is intended primarily to support representation of captured ink. Output specifications generally are driven by many requirements that are distinct from input requirements. In particular, it will often be desirable to modify the attributes of ink prior to display, for example in color, line width, or even resolution. Adding the flexibility to handle a wide range of output attributes would add unnecessary complexity to the specification and minimum implementation. Accordingly, the Ink Markup will concentrate instead on those attributes that are required for accurate representation of ink capture, not display. It will include attributes for capture that may have use in display, such as color or force, but display is not the driving consideration.
It is possible that some display services, such as windowing systems or browsers, may implement support for display of Ink Markup directly. More generally, we anticipate the transcoding of the Ink Markup to other encodings that are more widely supported (e.g. image formats or SVG), for use on display devices that do not directly support the Ink Markup.
(INK-O1): The Ink Markup MUST be
displayable on a wide variety of output platforms and must be
convertible to a variety of different display formats (MUST
specify).
Derived from MMI-O8
It must also support transformation to alternative output media types: to text via handwriting recognition, to commands via gesture recognition etc.
(INK-O2): The Ink Markup MUST support the
specification of how presentation of ink, when used as output
media, could be adapted or styled on different devices (MUST
specify).
Derived from MMI-O9, MMI-A13
(INK-A1): The Ink Markup MUST reuse
standard language specifications, where possible (MUST
specify).
Derived from MMI-A1, MMI-S12
One example is the use of CC/PP to encode device characteristics.
(INK-A2): The Ink Markup MUST be defined
in a modular fashion. Mandatory functionality should be
encapsulated in a base module which is usable by other XML based
languages (MUST specify).
Derived from MMI-A2
(INK-A3): The Ink Markup MUST provide for
modular extensions. It must specify mechanisms for defining and
using extension modules for application specific
functionality.
Cross reference with
INK-A2
(INK-A4): The Ink Markup MUST support multiple levels of granularity of ink streaming for real-time input (MUST specify).
(INK-A5): The Ink Markup MUST provide
information to enable 'consistent' input behavior and display
across devices with differing capabilities, and across multiple
sessions (MUST specify).
Derived from MMI-A6, MMI-A12
A user may start to fill out a form on one device using ink and complete the form on a different device with a different display and digitizer. The specification must allow merging of ink data with previously entered data that may have been captured with different devices and contexts, and even in different modalities.
At the session level, the user may change modalities, e.g., from speech to pen, or from a PDA to a tablet PC. The UI should allow editing of previous entries even though modality or device characteristics are different. This influences the ink specification indirectly in that it requires sufficient device information to allow correct merging of new pen data with previously entered data.
(INK-A6): The Ink Markup MUST provide a
mechanism to support changes in delivery context that impact ink
characteristics or their interpretation (MUST specify).
Derived from MMI-A4, MMI-S1
One way to support changes in the delivery context is to start a new ink session whenever a change is detected.
(INK-A7): The Ink Markup MUST allow other systems to identify subsections or portions of an ink document for annotation or markup purposes (MUST specify).
The purpose of this requirement is to provide reliable external references to an ink document. This is a MUST specify requirement for static documents. In addition, it would be desirable to have a mechanism for either preserving or invalidating references when document editing or modification occurs.
(INK-A8): The Ink Markup SHOULD provide mechanisms to facilitate random access and application specific grouping or structuring of ink traces (NICE to specify).
In this context, random access refers to the ability to navigate to a trace or group of traces within an ink document without undue processing overhead.
(INK-A9): The Ink Markup MUST allow other systems to embed ink documents within documents of other types (MUST specify).
The embedding capability should support anchoring, alignment, and registration of ink within other documents.
(INK-R1): The Ink Markup MUST allow
lightweight client implementations for thin mobile devices (MUST
specify).
Derived from MMI-R1
(INK-R2): The Ink Markup MUST provide a
mechanism to allow for communications over low bandwidth network
connections (MUST specify).
Derived from MMI-G15, MMI-R2, MMI-S13.
This has an impact on how ink is transmitted over the network. Low bandwidth may require smaller transmission size of ink documents. Common mechanisms for achieving this goal include downsampling and compression.
The Ink Markup must provide mechanisms to allow higher levels of an MMI system to coordinate the ink input with other aspects of the user interface dialog, including both input and output modalities. Consequently, the Ink Markup will preserve information about time, time delays, and granularity that is useful to the MMI manager in coordinating the elements of the user interface. This information should also enable manipulation of ink data by output interface components to synchronize rendering of ink data with other output data.
The temporal information of ink data may also be useful to other processes involved in interpretation of MMI interactions, if it can be resolved against temporal information from other aspects of the UI, allowing accurate reconstruction of the sequence of user prompts and responses.
(INK-S1): The Ink Markup MUST preserve
and make available sufficient time information to support
chronological positioning and sequencing, grouping and
synchronization of data and events across different input
modalities (MUST specify).
Derived from MMI-G4, MMI-G5, MMI-G6 MMI-I2,
MMI-I3,MMI-I7, MMI-I18, MMI-I19 MMI-O1, MMI-O2, MMI-O3, MMI-O4,
MMI-O5, MMI-O6, MMI-O7 MMI-A17, MMI-A18.
Ink elements must be time-stamped to support this requirement. Ink elements include traces and groups of traces..
This document was jointly prepared by members of the pen input subgroup of the W3C Multimodal Interaction Working Group.
Special acknowledgements to Giovanni Seni (Motorola) and Greg Russell (IBM) for their contributions.
Accuracy: (1) Percentage of words correctly transcribed by a handwriting recognition engine; (2) Error bounds of a coordinate measurement, relative to a physical reference frame
Annotation: Elements in an Ink Markup file that describe meta-data, or semantic information, about the traces themselves (See ink annotation)
Application-specific elements: Provide higher-level description of the digital ink captured in the primitive elements
Bounding box: A minimal-sized rectangle that encloses a group of traces
Canvas: Widget or window in a graphical user interface where ink is drawn during ink capture
Capture: Digitally recording physical measurements of handwriting, typically using a stylus
Channel: A measurement recorded by the digitizer (e.g. coordinates, force, tilt) when capturing pen input.
Chunks: A group of pen traces
Compression: The coding of data to save storage space or transmission time
Digital ink: An electronic representation of the pen movement, pressure, and other characteristics of handwritten input using a digitizing device
Digitizer: A hardware device capable of sensing the digital pen tip position. The digital pen can be a passive stylus containing no electronic components, or an active stylus containing electronic components (a.k.a. tablet).
Electronic ink: See digital ink
Events: An action, either human or machine generated; for example, page turn, pen up, or ink color change
Force: The pressure applied to a writing implement, typically measured in grams, ounces, or newtons
Gesture: Collection of ink traces that indicate a certain action to be performed
Ink: See digital ink
Ink annotation: A handwritten note or markup referencing (by proximity) another visible writing or printed matter
Ink attribute: A basic named value for an ink trace, such as color and width
Ink document: A collection of one or more pages containing ink traces
Ink label: A descriptive or identifying word or phrase accompanying some ink traces
Ink point: An element in the stream of data recorded by a real-time digitizer of handwriting; for example, a tuple <x, y, pressure, tilt>
Ink-enabled system: A system capable of recording digital ink data
Primitive elements: Set of rudimentary elements sufficient for all basic ink applications
Recognition grammar: Specification of words and patterns of words that a recognizer should expect when processing input ink
Resolution: The minimal change or difference in a measurement (coordinate, force, tilt) that a digitizer reports
Sampling rate: The frequency at which a digitizer reports coordinate (or other) information. Sampling rate is not always directly related to the bandwidth.
Screen context: The characteristics of the display area and the correspondence between the display area and the ink-capturing device.
Semantic: A contextual interpretation of handwriting, such as character, word, sentence, and paragraph
Session: (1) The span of time from a user beginning an interaction to ending the interaction with the system; (2) The data gathered during this span of time.
Signature verification: Confirmation that a presented signature is the same as the one on file (a.k.a. one-to-one matching)
Streaming: Continuously sending handwriting events over a communication channel
Stroke: Ink resulting from an elementary pen movement, such as bounded by two consecutive velocity extrema. A sequence of strokes constitutes a trace.
Tilt angle: The angle of the pen with respect to the writing surface, which is usually measured as angles of the projection onto x and y vertical planes
Trace: A complete pen-down movement bounded by two pen-up movements or a complete pen-up movement. A sequence of traces accumulates to meaningful units, such as characters and words.


TMEX File Operations API List Overview Group
TMFirstFile get first file
name in the current directory
TMNextFile get next file name
in the current directory
TMOpenFile open a file for reading
TMCreateFile create a file for
writing
TMCloseFile close an opened/created
file
TMReadFile read an opened file
TMWriteFile write a created file
TMDeleteFile delete a file
TMFormat format 1-Wire device
for file structure
TMAttribute change file/directory
attributes
TMReNameFile rename a file
TMChangeDirectory read or change the
current directory
TMDirectoryMR Make or Remove a
sub-directory
TMCreateProgramJob ready the write buffer
for EPROM programming
TMDoProgramJob do the EPROM programming
TMWriteAddFile append or alter an
‘AddFile’ on an EPROM 1-Wire device
TMTerminateAddFile terminate an ‘AddFile’
with Universal Data Packets
TMGetFamilySpec gets 1-Wire device
description based on family code
Get_Version read the version
string of the main TMEX driver
See Also
TMEX File Operations API Overview, TMEX File Opertations Error Return Codes


|
RKNPU DDK
1.3.0
|
#include <operator.h>
Data Fields | |
| uint32_t | ksize [2] |
| the size of the kernel along each axis More... | |
| uint32_t | stride [2] |
| stride along each spatial axis More... | |
| uint32_t | pad [4] |
| pad left, right, top, bottom More... | |
| PadType | pad_type |
| pad type, default value shall be AUTO More... | |
| PoolType | pool_type |
| pool type More... | |
| RoundType | round_type |
| whether to use ceil or floor to compute the output shape More... | |
| bool | global_pooling |
attrbutes of Pool
Definition at line 190 of file operator.h.
| bool global_pooling |
Definition at line 197 of file operator.h.
| uint32_t ksize[2] |
the size of the kernel along each axis
Definition at line 191 of file operator.h.
| uint32_t pad[4] |
pad left, right, top, bottom
Definition at line 193 of file operator.h.
| PadType pad_type |
pad type, default value shall be AUTO
Definition at line 194 of file operator.h.
| PoolType pool_type |
pool type
Definition at line 195 of file operator.h.
| RoundType round_type |
whether to use ceil or floor to compute the output shape
Definition at line 196 of file operator.h.
| uint32_t stride[2] |
stride along each spatial axis
Definition at line 192 of file operator.h.


I need to reschedule my P.O. meeting because...
Medical
4/2
Job Interview
Family Emergency
Professional Reason


Before Change
return
def test_singlegrank_norm_lower(self):
return
def test_singlegrank_norm_none(self):
return
After Change
expected = [
"new york times jerusalem bureau", "new york times", "friedman",
"foreign reporting", "international reporting"]
observed = [
term for term, _
in keyterms.singlerank(self.spacy_doc, normalize="lower", n_keyterms=5)]
self.assertEqual(len(expected), len(observed))
// can"t do this owing to randomness of results
// for e, o in zip(expected, observed):
// self.assertEqual(e, o)
for term in observed:
self.assertEqual(term, term.lower())
def test_singlegrank_norm_none(self):
expected = [
"New York Times Jerusalem", "New York Times", "Friedman",
"Pulitzer Prize", "foreign reporting"]


THE MANCALA FAMILY
Traditional Games and Modern Variants
Mancala (from the Arab word naqala, "to move") is sometimes called the national game of Africa (but it is played worldwide from Indonesia to the Caribbean). Mancala is a common name to identify a set of games with the same mechanics and goals, much like the Moku, Checkers, Go or Chess family. Mancala is possibly the oldest abstract game concept, perhaps more than 3500 years old (there are boards carved in Egyptian temples from around 1400BC). Mancala boards resemble the Abacus and eventually their origins may be intertwined, the latter for accounting, the former for playing (the first example of recreational mathematics?). For more information check 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 and also Wiki-Manqala.
The general rules for Mancala games are:
- MOVE - Each player, at each turn, picks the stack from one of his cells and sows it thru the board.
- SOWING - Place each stone of the selected stack into the next adjacent cells (one for each cell) in a counter-clockwise direction.
- Some boards have, between sides, a special cell called the store (where players keep their captures so far). The player's store is after the player's right cell.
- The sowing may optionally include one stone into the player's store.
- CAPTURE - When the last stone is dropped, if a certain condition is verified, the sowing player is able to capture some stones.
- Captures are optional.
- GOAL - The game ends when a player cannot move or no more captures are possible (usually due to cycling positions).
- The winner is whoever collects more stones.
Most Mancala games are just variations around: (a) the board (including games with two or four rows like Bao or Omweso) and (b) the sow/capture rules.
In the following diagrams, a dotted stone represents five stones and stores are dotted squares (only visible when sowing contemplates them).
OWARE (many tribes from West Africa, a.k.a. WARI, AWELE, AYO, OURRI)
- SOW - Stores are not sowed.
- With a stack with 12+ stones, the original cell must be jumped over when the sowing goes back around his side.
- If the opponent has no stones, the player must put some onto his side on the next move if that's possible. If not, the game ends and the mover collects all remaining stones.
- CAPTURE - If the last piece lands in an opponent cell which contains a stack of size 2 or 3, the player captures them. All the immediately preceding enemy cells with stacks of size 2 or 3 pieces are also captured.
- There is an exception: if a sow would capture all enemy stones (leaving the opponent with no valid moves) then the player may make the sow but cannot capture any stone!
There are another ways to handle the exception above: (a) That move may not be made that leaves the opponent no stones, or (b) That move may be made, but the player must sow again in order to put some stones on the opponent's side.
A capture example The bottom player selects his stack with 6 stones (at f1) and sows the enemy field from f2 to a2.
Since the last sowed cell (a2) now has a stack of size 3, the player captures it and all preceding cells with stacks of size 2 or 3 until he reaches a cell with a different stack size.
In this example, he will just capture 5 stones, from a2 and b2. Cell c2 has a stack of size 1.
You can play Wari at Richard's PbM server.
AỶAỶ (Yoruba tribe from Nigeria)
- SOW - When a player reaches the last sowed cell, if that cell was not empty it continues sowing.
- Stores are not sowed.
- With a stack with 12+ stones, the original cell must be jumped over when the sowing goes back around his side.
- CAPTURE - If the sow ends on a friendly cell, the player captures all stones from the opposite cell.
A capture example The bottom player selects his stack with 6 stones (at f1) and sows the enemy field from f2 to a2.
The last sowed cell was a2. Now the player continues sowing with the cell, until he reaches cell c2.
Since cell c1 was empty, the player captures the stack of size 5 from the opposite cell (cell c2) and ends his turn.
These type of variants have players with whole sequences of opening moves learnt by heart. For these, an excellent alternative would be to start the game by each opponent filling up his size with his own stone supply, any way he likes.
KALAH (modern variant: William J. Champion, 1958)
- SOW - Player's store is sowed.
- If the sow sequence ends in the player's store, the player may move again.
- CAPTURE - If the last piece lands in a friendly empty cell, the player captures that stone and all stones from the opposite cell (e.g., a1 is opposite to a2 and vice versa).
A move sequence example Bottom player's turn. He sows the stack from d1 (from e1 to his own store).
Since the sow ended in his turn, the player move again with g1.
Again, he selects f1 which produces a sowing ending at b1. He then captures the stack at b2 and ends his turn.
Here is a Java applet to play this variant.
I presented here just some variants (there are literally hundreds of them). Try to find The Complete Mancala Games Book from Larry Russ (1999). Other old and modern variants: Congklak, Oh-wah-ree, Glass Bead Game. Check also the Yahoo Mancala Group. There are some Zillions game files from W.D.Troyka: several Mancala games (including Oware and Kalah), Congklak, Cross-Wari, Cross-Kalah and Cross-Endodoi. Ralf Gering and others developed several modern Mancala variants described here.
As it seems a slight disadvantage to start but a slight advantage to have more stones on a player's own board, it is possible to tackle both these features at the game start by adding one extra stone to one of the first player's stacks. This will be especially welcome for people who does not like draws.


--- layout: default title: Tag Archive description: 'Links to all of the TAG archives for the posts on this website' ---


Cultural Blog: Issues in Tech
March 22, 2015
In a world where personal information is so easily obtained, the question facing so many people is:
How do I keep what I don’t want known, private?
On this Friday’s Shark Tank, a young entrepreneur brought out an idea where people would have an easy time making sure their personal information didn’t come up in Google searches.
Later that evening, my husband and I were talking over dinner about a woman in his office who uses the dating app Tinder. After she looked at her potential dates for the evening, she started doing research about them. In a few minutes, just from checking their facebook and LinkedIn profiles, she knew where they worked, what they liked, and was able to look through past photos and experiences without any barriers.
It got me thinking that in a world where everything is so available, how can individuals truly have any privacy at all? Major corporations invest millions of dollars each year protecting information that is vital to their operations, but what about the average person who has little to no disposable income to invest in security?
Is all of their information up for grabs because they don’t have the means to build a proper firewall around it?
I believe that in the future, people will not be so free to share information and that, soon, social media platforms will start building private communities where people will only show information to those they wish to see it.
Protecting information will soon be the number one-ask of any consumer that puts their lives online.


All modules for which code is available
- rl_coach.agents.acer_agent
- rl_coach.agents.actor_critic_agent
- rl_coach.agents.agent
- rl_coach.agents.agent_interface
- rl_coach.agents.bc_agent
- rl_coach.agents.categorical_dqn_agent
- rl_coach.agents.cil_agent
- rl_coach.agents.clipped_ppo_agent
- rl_coach.agents.ddpg_agent
- rl_coach.agents.dfp_agent
- rl_coach.agents.dqn_agent
- rl_coach.agents.mmc_agent
- rl_coach.agents.n_step_q_agent
- rl_coach.agents.naf_agent
- rl_coach.agents.nec_agent
- rl_coach.agents.pal_agent
- rl_coach.agents.policy_gradients_agent
- rl_coach.agents.ppo_agent
- rl_coach.agents.qr_dqn_agent
- rl_coach.agents.rainbow_dqn_agent
- rl_coach.agents.soft_actor_critic_agent
- rl_coach.agents.td3_agent
- rl_coach.agents.value_optimization_agent
- rl_coach.agents.wolpertinger_agent
- rl_coach.architectures.architecture
- rl_coach.architectures.network_wrapper
- rl_coach.base_parameters
- rl_coach.core_types
- rl_coach.data_stores.nfs_data_store
- rl_coach.data_stores.s3_data_store
- rl_coach.environments.carla_environment
- rl_coach.environments.control_suite_environment
- rl_coach.environments.doom_environment
- rl_coach.environments.environment
- rl_coach.environments.gym_environment
- rl_coach.environments.starcraft2_environment
- rl_coach.exploration_policies.additive_noise
- rl_coach.exploration_policies.boltzmann
- rl_coach.exploration_policies.bootstrapped
- rl_coach.exploration_policies.categorical
- rl_coach.exploration_policies.continuous_entropy
- rl_coach.exploration_policies.e_greedy
- rl_coach.exploration_policies.exploration_policy
- rl_coach.exploration_policies.greedy
- rl_coach.exploration_policies.ou_process
- rl_coach.exploration_policies.parameter_noise
- rl_coach.exploration_policies.truncated_normal
- rl_coach.exploration_policies.ucb
- rl_coach.filters.action.attention_discretization
- rl_coach.filters.action.box_discretization
- rl_coach.filters.action.box_masking
- rl_coach.filters.action.full_discrete_action_space_map
- rl_coach.filters.action.linear_box_to_box_map
- rl_coach.filters.action.partial_discrete_action_space_map
- rl_coach.filters.observation.observation_clipping_filter
- rl_coach.filters.observation.observation_crop_filter
- rl_coach.filters.observation.observation_move_axis_filter
- rl_coach.filters.observation.observation_normalization_filter
- rl_coach.filters.observation.observation_reduction_by_sub_parts_name_filter
- rl_coach.filters.observation.observation_rescale_size_by_factor_filter
- rl_coach.filters.observation.observation_rescale_to_size_filter
- rl_coach.filters.observation.observation_rgb_to_y_filter
- rl_coach.filters.observation.observation_squeeze_filter
- rl_coach.filters.observation.observation_stacking_filter
- rl_coach.filters.observation.observation_to_uint8_filter
- rl_coach.filters.reward.reward_clipping_filter
- rl_coach.filters.reward.reward_normalization_filter
- rl_coach.filters.reward.reward_rescale_filter
- rl_coach.memories.backend.redis
- rl_coach.memories.episodic.episodic_experience_replay
- rl_coach.memories.episodic.episodic_hindsight_experience_replay
- rl_coach.memories.episodic.episodic_hrl_hindsight_experience_replay
- rl_coach.memories.episodic.single_episode_buffer
- rl_coach.memories.non_episodic.balanced_experience_replay
- rl_coach.memories.non_episodic.differentiable_neural_dictionary
- rl_coach.memories.non_episodic.experience_replay
- rl_coach.memories.non_episodic.prioritized_experience_replay
- rl_coach.memories.non_episodic.transition_collection
- rl_coach.orchestrators.kubernetes_orchestrator
- rl_coach.spaces


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- ExportWork(mp3_list, file_name)
- Wrapper for persisting the mp3 tags to an XML file.
mp3_list -> list of MP3File objects (supposedly populated via main.FindMusic)
file_name -> name of the xml file to output
returns -> None
- FindMusic(my_dir, callback, only_artist_str='')
- Given a directory, will populate a list with all the *.mp3 files found in
that directory (recursively) and read their current tag info. Usually the
first step in any use case.
my_dir -> directory to search for *.mp3
callback -> a function pointer funct(str) used to return status info
only_artist_str -> optional tag to only find artists matching this string
returns -> mp3_list, a list of MP3File objects
- IdentifyMusic(mp3_list, callback=None)
- The meat of the entire program. Loops through a list of MP3File objs, and will
attempt to find better tag matches for the artist, album, track, and tracknum.
mp3_list -> list of MP3File objects (supposedly populated via main.FindMusic)
(note that these objects specify both old and refined tags. entering
this function, the refined tags will be empty. exiting this function,
they will be populated)
callback -> a function pointer funct(str) used to return status info
returns -> None
- ImportWork(mp3_list, file_name)
- load up a previously exported list
file_name -> name of the xml file of exported list
mp3_list -> empty list to populate with MP3File's
returns -> None
- MakeDirTree(mp3_list, dir_path)
- Given a list of MP3File, will move the *.mp3 files they represnt to a new
directory in dir_path. Will make a pretty tree with a new folder per artist.
mp3_list -> list of MP3File objects (supposedly populated via main.FindMusic)
dir_path -> directory to create the tree
returns -> None
- WriteMusic(mp3_list, callback)
- Given a list of MP3File, will write to the *.mp3 files the new tag info stored
in the MP3File.
mp3_list -> list of MP3File objects (supposedly populated via main.FindMusic)
callback -> a function pointer funct(str) used to return status info
returns -> None
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