Drinks
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NTH_VALUE Window Function
The NTH_VALUE window function returns the expression value of the specified row of the window frame relative to the first row of the window.
Syntax
NTH_VALUE (expr, offset) [ IGNORE NULLS | RESPECT NULLS ] OVER ( [ PARTITION BY window_partition ] [ ORDER BY window_ordering frame_clause ] )
Arguments
- expr
-
The target column or expression that the function operates on.
- offset
-
Determines the row number relative to the first row in the window for which to return the expression. The offset can be a constant or an expression and must be a positive integer that is greater than 0.
- IGNORE NULLS
-
An optional specification that indicates that Amazon Redshift should skip null values in the determination of which row to use. Null values are included if IGNORE NULLS is not listed.
- RESPECT NULLS
-
Indicates that Amazon Redshift should include null values in the determination of which row to use. RESPECT NULLS is supported by default if you do not specify IGNORE NULLS.
- OVER
-
Specifies the window partitioning, ordering, and window frame.
- PARTITION BY window_partition
-
Sets the range of records for each group in the OVER clause.
- ORDER BY window_ordering
-
Sorts the rows within each partition. If ORDER BY is omitted, the default frame consists of all rows in the partition.
- frame_clause
-
If an ORDER BY clause is used for an aggregate function, an explicit frame clause is required. The frame clause refines the set of rows in a function's window, including or excluding sets of rows in the ordered result. The frame clause consists of the ROWS keyword and associated specifiers. See Window Function Syntax Summary.
The NTH_VALUE window function supports expressions that use any of the Amazon Redshift data types. The return type is the same as the type of the expr.
Examples
See NTH_VALUE Window Function Examples.


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| Class | Barby::PDFWriterOutputter |
| In: |
lib/barby/outputter/pdfwriter_outputter.rb
|
| Parent: | Outputter |
Annotates a PDFWriter document with the barcode
Registers the annotate_pdf method
| height | [RW] | |
| x | [RW] | |
| xdim | [RW] | |
| y | [RW] |


MISR Toolkit C Data Structures
MTKt_Region
The MTKt_Region structure defines an approximate geographic area of interest and is returned by the SetRegion set of routines. It has a center latitude/longitude which uniquely describes a single location on the globe and half an extent measured in meters, in both the latitude and longitude directions. This structure is used by the MtkReadData routine to subset MISR data when reading. Typically this structure does not need to be accessed directly, but rather just passed to MtkReadData. No dynamic memory is allocated, so there is nothing to free.
Type Definition:
typedef struct { double lat; /**< Latitude in decimal degrees */ double lon; /**< Longitude in decimal degrees */ } MTKt_GeoCoord; typedef struct { MTKt_GeoCoord ctr; /**< Center of region */ } MTKt_GeoCenter; typedef struct { double xlat; /**< Som x or latitude extent in meters */ double ylon; /**< Som y or longitude extent in meters */ } MTKt_Extent; typedef struct { MTKt_GeoCenter geo; /**< Region coordinates in geographic terms */ MTKt_Extent hextent; /**< Half of the region overall extent in meters (measured from geo.ctr) */ } MTKt_Region;
Example Usage:
#include “MisrToolkit.h” MTKt_status status; MTKt_Region region = MTK_REGION_INIT; status = MtkSetRegionByLatLonExtent(32.0, -108.0, 120.0, 360.0, ”km”, ®ion); if (status != MTK_SUCCESS) error; printf(“Region center (lat,lon): %f %f\n”, region.geo.ctr.lat, region.geo.ctr.lon); printf(“Half the extent around center (m): %f, %f\n”, region.hextent.xlat, region.hextent.ylon);
MTKt_DataBuffer
The MTKt_DataBuffer structure is used to return geo-located data planes (“arrays”) of MISR data from the MtkReadData routine. It is designed to handle any C datatype. It does this using a union pointer data field which points to the same data pointed to by the dataptr field. The dataptr field points to the main data array which is stored in row-major form. The number of bytes of the data plane can be determined using buf.nline, buf.nsample and sizeof the datatype field. It can be used for bulk transfers. There is also a row vector (Illiffe vector) pointing to each row of the main array to support C bracket [] index notation for a 2D-array. It can be ignored. The structure does maintain dynamic memory, so use MtkDataBufferFree when finished with this structure.
Type Definition:
typedef enum { MTKe_void=0, MTKe_char8, MTKe_uchar8, MTKe_int8, MTKe_uint8, MTKe_int16, MTKe_uint16, MTKe_int32, MTKe_uint32, MTKe_int64, MTKe_uint64, MTKe_float, MTKe_double } MTKt_DataType; typedef union { void **v; MTKt_char8 **c8; MTKt_uchar8 **uc8; MTKt_int8 **i8; MTKt_uint8 **u8; MTKt_int16 **i16; MTKt_uint16 **u16; MTKt_int32 **i32; MTKt_uint32 **u32; MTKt_int64 **i64; MTKt_uint64 **u64; MTKt_float **f; MTKt_double **d; } MTKt_DataBufferType; typedef struct { int nline; /**< Number of lines */ int nsample; /**< Number of samples */ int datasize; /**< Data element size (bytes) */ MTKt_DataType datatype; /**< Data type (enumeration) */ MTKt_DataBufferType data; /**< Data type access union */ void **vdata; /**< Row major 2D array with Illiffe vector */ void *dataptr; /**< Pointer data buffer */ } MTKt_DataBuffer;
Example Usage:
#include “MisrToolkit.h” MTKt_status status; MTKt_Region region = MTK_REGION_INIT; MTKt_DataBuffer buf = MTKT_DATABUFFER_INIT; MTKt_MapInfo mapinfo = MTKT_MAPINFO_INIT; status = MtkSetRegionByPathBlockRange(32, 65, 125, ®ion); if (status != MTK_SUCCESS) error; status = MtkReadData(“MISR_file.hdf”, “MISR_gridname”, “MISR_fieldname”, region, &buf, &mapinfo) if (status != MTK_SUCCESS) error; for (l = 0; l < buf.nline; l++) for (s = 0; s < buf.nsample; s++) printf(“Data Buffer[%d][%d]: %f\n”, l, s, buf.data.f[l][s]); MtkDataBufferFree(&buf);
MTKt_DataBuffer3D
The MTKt_DataBuffer3D structure is used to return a “stacked-block array” of MISR data from the MtkReadBlockRange routine. This structure represents the MISR blocks in an unassembled stack of blocks. It is designed to handle any C datatype. It does this using a union pointer data field which points to the same data pointed to by the dataptr field. The dataptr field points to the main data array which is stored in row-major form. The number of bytes of the data plane can be determined using buf.nblock, buf.nline, buf.nsample and sizeof the datatype field. It can be used for bulk transfers. There are also a block and row vectors (Illiffe vectors) pointing to each block and row of the main array to support C bracket [] index notation for a 3D-array. It can be ignored. The structure does maintain dynamic memory, so use MtkDataBuffer3DFree when finished with this structure.
Type Definition:
typedef union { void ***v; MTKt_char8 ***c8; MTKt_uchar8 ***uc8; MTKt_int8 ***i8; MTKt_uint8 ***u8; MTKt_int16 ***i16; MTKt_uint16 ***u16; MTKt_int32 ***i32; MTKt_uint32 ***u32; MTKt_int64 ***i64; MTKt_uint64 ***u64; MTKt_float ***f; MTKt_double ***d; } MTKt_DataBufferType3D; typedef struct { int nblock; /**< Number of blocks */ int nline; /**< Number of lines */ int nsample; /**< Number of samples */ int datasize; /**< Data element size (bytes) */ MTKt_DataType datatype; /**< Data type (enumeration) */ MTKt_DataBufferType3D data; /**< Data type access union */ void ***vdata; /**< Row major 3D array with Illiffe vector */ void *dataptr; /**< Pointer data buffer */ } MTKt_DataBuffer3D;
Example Usage:
#include “MisrToolkit.h” MTKt_status status; MTKt_DataBuffer3D buf = MTKT_DATABUFFER3D_INIT; status = MtkReadBlockRange(“MISR_file.hdf”, “MISR_gridname”, “MISR_fieldname”, 45, 65, &buf) if (status != MTK_SUCCESS) error; for (b = 0; b < buf.nblock; b++) for (l = 0; l < buf.nline; l++) for (s = 0; s < buf.nsample; s++) printf(“Data Buffer[%d][%d][%d]: %f\n”, b, l, s, buf.data.f[b][l][s]); MtkDataBufferFree3D(&buf);
MTKt_MapInfo
The MTKt_MapInfo structure is used to return the map information of the data plane. It is returned by the MtkReadData routine along with MTKt_DataBuffer. This structure contains everything necessary to do map queries on the returned data plane. These queries include coordinate converisons between data plane line/sample, SOM X/Y and geographic latitude/longitude. Use the MapQuery set of routines to pass this structure to. There are some useful field in this structure; mainly mapinfo.nline and mapinfo.nsample. No dynamic memory is allocated, so there is nothing to free.
Type Definition:
typedef struct { double lat; /**< Latitude in decimal degrees */ double lon; /**< Longitude in decimal degrees */ } MTKt_GeoCoord; typedef struct { double x; /**< Som X in meters */ double y; /**< Som Y in meters */ } MTKt_SomCoord; typedef struct { MTKt_GeoCoord ulc; /**< Upper left corner of region in geographic */ MTKt_GeoCoord urc; /**< Upper right corner of region in geographic */ MTKt_GeoCoord ctr; /**< Center of region in geographic */ MTKt_GeoCoord lrc; /**< Lower right corner of geographic */ MTKt_GeoCoord llc; /**< Lower left corner of geographic */ } MTKt_GeoRegion; typedef struct { int path; /**< Path these coordinates */ MTKt_SomCoord ulc; /**< Upper left corner of region in som */ MTKt_SomCoord ctr; /**< Center of region in som */ MTKt_SomCoord lrc; /**< Lower right corner of region in som */ } MTKt_SomRegion; typedef struct { int path; /**< Path */ int start_block; /**< Start block */ int end_block; /**< End block */ int resolution; /**< Resolution */ int resfactor; /**< Resolution factor */ int nline; /**< Number of lines */ int nsample; /**< Number of samples */ MTKt_boolean pixelcenter; /**< Pixel registration center */ MTKt_SomRegion som; /**< Som region */ MTKt_GeoRegion geo; /**< Geographic region */ MTKt_MisrProjParam pp; /**< MISR projection parameters */ } MTKt_MapInfo;
Example Usage:
#include “MisrToolkit.h” MTKt_status status; MTKt_Region region = MTK_REGION_INIT; MTKt_DataBuffer buf = MTKT_DATABUFFER_INIT; MTKt_MapInfo mapinfo = MTKT_MAPINFO_INIT; status = MtkSetRegionByLatLonExtent(32.0, -108.0, 120.0, 360.0, ”km”, region); if (status != MTK_SUCCESS) error; status = MtkReadData(“MISR_file.hdf”, “MISR_gridname”, “MISR_fieldname”, region, &buf, &mapinfo) if (status != MTK_SUCCESS) error; printf(“Data Plane size (nlines,nsamples): %f, %f\n”, mapinfo.nlines, mapinfo.nsamples); status = MtkLSToLatLon(mapinfo, 10, 20, lat, lon); printf(“Line, Sample: 10, 20 -> Lat, Lon: %f, %f\n”, lat, lon); MtkDataBufferFree(&buf);
MTKt_MisrProjParam
The MTKt_MisrProjParam structure contains the MISR projection parameters for each MISR path. This structure also contains the GCTP projection parameters. It is not typically used, except to explicitly retrieve a the projection parameters for a specific MISR path for use in other libraries, such as GCTP. No dynamic memory is allocated, so there is nothing to free.
Type Definition:
typedef struct { int path; /**< MISR path number */ long projcode; /**< GCTP projection code */ long zonecode; /**< GCTP zone code */ long spherecode; /**< GCTP sphere code */ double projparam[15]; /**< GCTP projection parameters */ double ulc[2]; /**< MISR ulc_xy of first block */ double lrc[2]; /**< MISR lrc_xy of first block */ int nblock; /**< MISR number blocks */ int nline; /**< MISR number lines */ int nsample; /**< MISR number samples */ float reloffset[179]; /**< MISR relative block offset */ int resolution; /**< MISR resolution */ } MTKt_MisrProjParam;
Example Usage:
#include “MisrToolkit.h” MTKt_status status; MTKt_MisrProjParam pp = MTKT_MISRPROJPARAM_INIT; status = MtkPatToProjParam(27, 275, &pp); if (status != MTK_SUCCESS) error; printf(“Path number: %d\n”, pp.path); printf(“Resolution: %d\n”, pp.resolution);
MTKCoreMetaData
The MTKCoreMetaData structure contains the value(s) of the parameters retrieved using the MtkFileCoreMetaDataGet routine. It contains the following fields 1) data - a union pointer of the appropriate datatype to an array containing the data; 2) num_values - number of elements in the array; 3) datatype – an enumeration of possible types and 4) dataptr – a void data pointer to the same data pointed to by the union pointer data. The data union field enables access to the data using the bracket [] index notation of C for the listed data types. The dataptr field enables bulk transfers of data. The number of bytes can be determined by multiplying the sizeof the datatype by the num_values field. The structure does maintain dynamic memory, so use MtkCoreMetaDataFree when finished with this structure.
Type Definition:
typedef struct MtkCoreMetaData { union { char **s; /* Array of strings */ int *i; /* Array of integers */ double *d; /* Array of doubles */ } data; int num_values; enum { MTKMETA_CHAR, MTKMETA_INT, MTKMETA_DOUBLE } datatype; void *dataptr; /* Pointer data buffer */ } MtkCoreMetaData;
Example Usage:
#include “MisrToolkit.h” MTKt_status status; MtkCoreMetaData coremeta = MTK_CORE_METADATA_INIT; status = MtkFileCoreMetaGet(“MISR_file.hdf”, “LOCALGRANULEID”, &metadata); if (status != MTK_SUCCESS) error; printf(“Local Granule ID: %s\n”,metadata.data.s); MtkFreeCoreMetaData(&metadata);
MTKt_TimeMetaData
The MTKt_TimeMetaData structure contains all the metadata necessary to compute the pixel acquisition date/time for each SOM X/Y location. Generally, this structure is not referenced directly. It is used to pass coefficients to MtkPixelTime() to actually compute the pixel time at a given SOM X/Y location. It should be noted that the pixel time metadata is only available in MISR L1B2 Ellipsoid product files and not L2 product files. However, one can read the time metadata from a L1B2 Ellipsoid file and easily compute the pixel date/time of any SOM X/Y location at any resolution of another data product as long as the path and orbit are the same. The pixel time actually varies according to camera by approximately 7 minutes. To get the average or center pixel acquistion time, it is recommended to use the AN camera time metadata.
Type Definition:
typedef struct MTKt_TimeMetaData { MTKt_int32 path; MTKt_int32 start_block; MTKt_int32 end_block; MTKt_char8 camera[3]; MTKt_int32 number_transform[NBLOCK + 1]; MTKt_char8 ref_time[NBLOCK + 1][NGRIDCELL][DATETIME_LEN]; MTKt_int32 start_line[NBLOCK + 1][NGRIDCELL]; MTKt_int32 number_line[NBLOCK + 1][NGRIDCELL]; MTKt_double coeff_line[NBLOCK + 1][6][NGRIDCELL]; MTKt_double som_ctr_x[NBLOCK + 1][NGRIDCELL]; /**< In terms of pixels */ MTKt_double som_ctr_y[NBLOCK + 1][NGRIDCELL]; /**< In terms of pixels */ } MTKt_TimeMetaData;
Example Usage:
#include “MisrToolkit.h” MTKt_status status; MTKt_TimeMetaData timemeta = MTKT_TIME_META_DATA; double somx, somy; char pixel_datetime[DATETIME_LEN]; status = MtkTimeMetaRead(“MISR_L1B2_file.hdf”, &timemeta); if (status != MTK_SUCCESS) error; status = MtkPixelTime(timemeta, somx, somy, &pixel_datetime); if (status != MTK_SUCCESS) error;
MTKt_BlockCorners
The MTKt_BlockCorners structure contains an array of geographic coordinates for representing the bounding box and center of each MISR block for a given path. Use the routine MtkPathBlockRangeToBlockCorners() to populate this structure. Note that a MISR block can be thought of as rectangular when represented in SOM coordinates, but not in Geographic coordinates. Thus, coordinates for all four corners of the each block are provided in addition to the center to give a sense of block shape. The center coordinate can be useful when blocks cross the international date line. The array of coordinates in this structure is indexed over a 1-based block number.
Type Definition:
typedef struct { double lat; /**< Latitude in decimal degrees */ double lon; /**< Longitude in decimal degrees */ } MTKt_GeoCoord; typedef struct { int block_number; /**< Block number */ MTKt_GeoCoord ulc; /**< Upper left corner block coordinate */ MTKt_GeoCoord urc; /**< Upper right corner block coordinate */ MTKt_GeoCoord ctr; /**< Center block coordinate */ MTKt_GeoCoord lrc; /**< Lower right corner block coordinate */ MTKt_GeoCoord llc; /**< Lower left corner block coordinate */ } MTKt_GeoBlock; typedef struct { int path; /**< Path */ int start_block; /**< Start block */ int end_block; /**< End block */ MTKt_GeoBlock block[NBLOCK+1]; /**< Array of block coordinates index by 1-based block number */ } MTKt_BlockCorners;
Example Usage:
#include “MisrToolkit.h” MTKt_status status; MTKt_BlockCorners block_corners = MTKT_BLOCKCORNERS_INIT; int path, start_block, end_block; status = MtkPathBlockRangeToBlockCorners(path, start_block, end_block, &block_corners); if (status != MTK_SUCCESS) error;
MTKt_RegressionCoeff
The MTKt_RegressionCoeff structure contains linear regression coefficients for translating values between data buffers. Use the routine MtkRegressionCoeffCalc() to populate this structure.
Type Definition:
typedef struct { MTKt_DataBuffer valid_mask; /**< Mask for regression */ MTKt_DataBuffer slope; /**< Slope of regression */ MTKt_DataBuffer intercept; /**< Intercept of regression */ MTKt_DataBuffer correlation; /**< Correlation for regression */ } MTKt_RegressionCoeff;
Example Usage:
#include “MisrToolkit.h” MTKt_status status; MTKt_DataBuffer toa_brf_data_1100 = MTKT_DATABUFFER_INIT; MTKt_DataBuffer toa_brf_mask_1100 = MTKT_DATABUFFER_INIT; MTKt_DataBuffer land_brf_data = MTKT_DATABUFFER_INIT; MTKt_DataBuffer land_brf_sigma = MTKT_DATABUFFER_INIT; MTKt_DataBuffer land_brf_mask = MTKT_DATABUFFER_INIT; MTKt_MapInfo land_brf_map_info = MTKT_MAPINFO_INIT; MTKt_RegressionCoeff regression_coeff = MTKT_REGRESSION_COEFF_INIT; MTKt_MapInfo regression_coeff_map_info = MTKT_MAPINFO_INIT; MTKt_Region region = MTKT_REGION_INIT; status = MtkSetRegionByPathBlockRange(39, 50, 60, &region); status = MtkReadData("MISR_AM1_GRP_TERRAIN_GM_P161_O012115_DF_F03_0021.hdf", "BlueBand", "Blue Radiance/RDQI", region, &toa_brf_data, &toa_brf_map_info); status = MtkReadData("MISR_AM1_AS_LAND_P037_O029058_F06_0017.hdf", "SubregParamsLnd", "LandBRF", region, &land_brf_data, &land_brf_map_info); status = MtkDataBufferAllocate(land_brf_data.nline, land_brf_data.nsample, MTKe_float,&land_brf_sigma); for (iline = 0; iline < land_brf_data.nline; iline++) { for (isample = 0; isample < land_brf_data.nsample; isample++) { land_brf_sigma.data.f[iline][isample] = 1.0; } } status = MtkRegressionCoeffCalc(&toa_brf_data_1100, &toa_brf_mask_1100, &land_brf_data, &land_brf_sigma, &land_brf_mask, &land_brf_map_info, 16, ®ression_coeff, ®ression_coeff_map_info); if (status != MTK_SUCCESS) error;


| 029:062 Khan | : |
Allah enlarges the provision for whom He wills of His slaves, and straitens it for whom (He wills). Verily, Allah is the All-Knower of everything. |
| 029:062 Maulana | : |
Allah makes abundant the means of subsistence for whom He pleases of His servants, or straitens (them) for him. Surely Allah is Knower of all things. |
| 029:062 Pickthal | : |
Allah maketh the provision wide for whom He will of His bondmen, and straiteneth it for whom (He will). Lo! Allah is Aware of all things. |
| 029:062 Rashad | : |
GOD is the One who increases the provision for whomever He chooses from among His creatures, and withholds it. GOD is fully aware of all things. |
| 029:062 Sarwar | : |
God increases the sustenance of whichever of His servants He wants and He determines their share. God has the knowledge of all things. |
| 029:062 Shakir | : |
Allah makes abundant the means of subsistence for whom He pleases of His servants, and straitens them for whom (He pleases) surely Allah is Cognizant of all things. |
| 029:062 Sherali | : |
ALLAH enlarges the means of sustenance for such of his servants as HE pleases, and straitens them for whom HE pleases. Surely, ALLAH has full knowledge of all things. |
| 029:062 Yusufali | : |
Allah enlarges the sustenance (which He gives) to whichever of His servants He pleases; and He (similarly) grants by (strict) measure, (as He pleases): for Allah has full knowledge of all things. |
Concepts/Themes Covered: أركان الإسلام > التوحيد > توحيد الله تعالي > علمه جلّ شأنه Pillars of Islam> Islamic> Oneness of Allah> His Glory's Knowledge الإيمان > الإيمان بالله > الهداية إلى الإيمان Faith> Belief In Allah> Guiding to Faith الإيمان > الله جلّ جلاله > فضله جلّ وعلا Faith> Allah, Glory to his Majesty> His Graciousness
This tool uses eight English parallel translations for the Holy Quran imported from Mr. Clay Smith. You can also visit Qurany Concepts for browsing the Quran themes or topics. If you want to search the Holy Quran for keywords, please visit Qurany Keywords.


TO SLEEP SO AS TO DREAM A film review by Thomas E. Billings Copyright 1991 Thomas E. Billings
Synopsis: In 1950s Japan, the daughter of an aging silent film actress is kidnapped. A young detective is hired to find and return the kidnapped young woman; the trail leads to the (Japanese subsidiary of) M. Pathe & Co., where the woman is trapped in a 1915 silent film! A (nearly) silent film that interweaves reality and dreams so skillfully that they are indistinguishable. A challenging but worthwhile film.
Japan (English subtitles), black-and-white, 1986, 81 minutes. Director/Writer: Kaizo Hayashi
This film is a tribute to Japanese silent films, particularly the films made in the final phase of the silent film industry. The story concerns an aging silent film actress, who hires a young private detective to find and return her daughter, Bellflower, who has reportedly been kidnapped and is being held for ransom. The detective is a strange fellow, who sits around eating hard-boiled eggs in huge quantities while he analyzes the ransom demand (delivered via tape recording), to hopefully find and return Bellflower.
The detective and his young assistant follow a long maze of clues to find Bellflower, only to eventually learn that she is trapped in a 1915 silent film from M. Pathe & Co., that has no ending! From here the story continues, with reality, magic and dreams intermingling so seam- lessly that it becomes impossible to determine what is reality, and what is a dream.
In the synopsis, I describe the film as "challenging but worthwhile", for a number of reasons. First, the film is completely silent except for some sound effects, the taped messages from the kidnappers, and a brief narration in one scene provided by a benshi, a person who was hired by Japanese theaters in the silent days to read the dialog to the audience. The challenge here is that modern audiences are used to sound, and may find the silent medium less interesting.
 At the screening, 3 or 4 people (from a rather small audience) walked out before the film even reached the midpoint (~40 minutes). This may have been due, in part, to the slow pace of plot development. However, there are rewards for patience, because the pace of the film increases just after the midpoint, and the film becomes very interesting.
The film accomplishes something that is not very common in cinema: the interleaving of (relative) reality and fantasy within a single story line in such a way that it is difficult to tell where the fantasy ends and reality begins. Other films where this is done include THE PEDDLER, an Iranian film I reviewed some months ago, and the last parts of BRAZIL (also TOTAL RECALL, if you consider the controversy over whether the adventures really happened, or were just a dream).
I recommend the film to fans of silent films, and to those interested in a film that blends reality and dreams.
Print Source: New Yorker Films.
Reviewer contact<EMAIL_ADDRESS>.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
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review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


This command, which is available in GrADS version 2.1+, allows the user to define a new line thickness setting with a specified width.
set lwid thickness width
The thickness
argument must be an integer in the range of 13 to 256.
Line thickness settings between 1 and 12 are pre-defined and cannot be changed. The width
argument must be a real number > 0, but line widths greater than 3.0 are not recommended.
The default line widths for thickness
settings between 1 and 12 are: 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.2, 2.4, 2.6, 2.8, 3.0.
The default line width for thickness
settings greater than 12 is 1.0.
The units (pixels or points) will depend on the surface being drawn to.
Once a new thickness setting has been defined, it can be used with any command that controls thickness: set annot, set clopts, set cthick, set grid, set line, set map, set mpt, set string, set xlopts, set ylopts.
The thickness contols when applied to strings (contour labels, axis labels, etc.) will only take effect when Hershey fonts are in use.
set lwid 13 1.6
set cthick 13


Background: TensorFlow
As discussed in our machine learning background page, many of the algorithms we provide in ML-Agents leverage some form of deep learning. More specifically, our implementations are built on top of the open-source library TensorFlow. This means that the models produced by ML-Agents are (currently) in a format only understood by TensorFlow. In this page we provide a brief overview of TensorFlow, in addition to TensorFlow-related tools that we leverage within ML-Agents.
TensorFlow
TensorFlow is an open source library for performing computations using data flow graphs, the underlying representation of deep learning models. It facilitates training and inference on CPUs and GPUs in a desktop, server, or mobile device. Within ML-Agents, when you train the behavior of an Agent, the output is a TensorFlow model (.bytes) file that you can then embed within an Internal Brain. Unless you implement a new algorithm, the use of TensorFlow is mostly abstracted away and behind the scenes.
TensorBoard
One component of training models with TensorFlow is setting the values of certain model attributes (called hyperparameters). Finding the right values of these hyperparameters can require a few iterations. Consequently, we leverage a visualization tool within TensorFlow called TensorBoard. It allows the visualization of certain agent attributes (e.g. reward) throughout training which can be helpful in both building intuitions for the different hyperparameters and setting the optimal values for your Unity environment. We provide more details on setting the hyperparameters in later parts of the documentation, but, in the meantime, if you are unfamiliar with TensorBoard we recommend this tutorial.
TensorFlowSharp
One of the drawbacks of TensorFlow is that it does not provide a native C# API. This means that the Internal Brain is not natively supported since Unity scripts are written in C#. Consequently, to enable the Internal Brain, we leverage a third-party library TensorFlowSharp which provides .NET bindings to TensorFlow. Thus, when a Unity environment that contains an Internal Brain is built, inference is performed via TensorFlowSharp. We provide an additional in-depth overview of how to leverage TensorFlowSharp within Unity which will become more relevant once you install and start training behaviors within ML-Agents. Given the reliance on TensorFlowSharp, the Internal Brain is currently marked as experimental.


Parsed Markers/LODs/gene for probe 497638
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Raw JSON for Pheno/Geno/individual for probe 497638, marker rs13475697
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The list component consists of several elements:
--- title: List layout: documentation doc-tab: components doc-subtab: list breadcrumb: - home - documentation - components - components-list meta: colors: false sizes: false variables: true --- {% capture list_example %}
The list component consists of several elements:


| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
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XMLDocumentSource |
DOMNormalizer.getDocumentSource()
Returns the document source.
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void |
DOMNormalizer.setDocumentSource(XMLDocumentSource source)
Sets the document source.
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interface |
RevalidationHandler
DOM Revalidation handler adds additional functionality to XMLDocumentHandler
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| Modifier and Type | Class and Description |
|---|---|
class |
XML11DocumentScannerImpl
This class is responsible for scanning XML document structure
and content.
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class |
XML11NamespaceBinder
This class performs namespace binding on the startElement and endElement
method calls in accordance with Namespaces in XML 1.1.
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class |
XML11NSDocumentScannerImpl
The scanner acts as the source for the document
information which is communicated to the document handler.
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class |
XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl
This class is responsible for scanning the structure and content
of document fragments.
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class |
XMLDocumentScannerImpl
This class is responsible for scanning XML document structure
and content.
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class |
XMLNamespaceBinder
This class performs namespace binding on the startElement and endElement
method calls and passes all other methods through to the registered
document handler.
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class |
XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl
The scanner acts as the source for the document
information which is communicated to the document handler.
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| Modifier and Type | Field and Description |
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protected XMLDocumentSource |
XMLNamespaceBinder.fDocumentSource |
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
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XMLDocumentSource |
XMLNamespaceBinder.getDocumentSource()
Returns the document source
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| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
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void |
XMLNamespaceBinder.setDocumentSource(XMLDocumentSource source)
Sets the document source
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| Modifier and Type | Interface and Description |
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interface |
XMLDTDValidatorFilter
Defines a DTD Validator filter to allow
components to query the DTD validator.
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| Modifier and Type | Class and Description |
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class |
XML11DTDValidator
This allows the validator to correctlyhandle XML 1.1
documents.
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class |
XML11NSDTDValidator
The DTD validator.
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class |
XMLDTDValidator
The DTD validator.
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class |
XMLNSDTDValidator
The DTD validator.
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protected XMLDocumentSource |
XMLDTDValidator.fDocumentSource |
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XMLDocumentSource |
XMLDTDValidator.getDocumentSource()
Returns the document source
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void |
XMLDTDValidator.setDocumentSource(XMLDocumentSource source)
Sets the document source
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class |
XMLSchemaValidator
The XML Schema validator.
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protected XMLDocumentSource |
XMLSchemaValidator.fDocumentSource |
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XMLDocumentSource |
XMLSchemaValidator.getDocumentSource()
Returns the document source
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void |
XMLSchemaValidator.setDocumentSource(XMLDocumentSource source)
Sets the document source
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XMLDocumentSource |
DefaultXMLDocumentHandler.getDocumentSource()
Returns the document source.
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void |
DefaultXMLDocumentHandler.setDocumentSource(XMLDocumentSource source)
Sets the document source.
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protected XMLDocumentSource |
AbstractXMLDocumentParser.fDocumentSource
Document source
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protected XMLDocumentSource |
BasicParserConfiguration.fLastComponent
Last component in the document pipeline
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protected XMLDocumentSource |
XML11NonValidatingConfiguration.fLastComponent
Last component in the document pipeline
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protected XMLDocumentSource |
XML11DTDConfiguration.fLastComponent
Last component in the document pipeline
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protected XMLDocumentSource |
XML11Configuration.fLastComponent
Last component in the document pipeline
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| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
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XMLDocumentSource |
AbstractXMLDocumentParser.getDocumentSource()
Returns the document source
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| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
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void |
AbstractXMLDocumentParser.setDocumentSource(XMLDocumentSource source)
Sets the document source
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| Modifier and Type | Class and Description |
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class |
XIncludeHandler
This is a pipeline component which performs XInclude handling, according to the
W3C specification for XML Inclusions.
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protected XMLDocumentSource |
XIncludeHandler.fDocumentSource |
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XMLDocumentSource |
XIncludeHandler.getDocumentSource() |
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void |
XIncludeHandler.setDocumentSource(XMLDocumentSource source) |
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XMLDocumentSource |
XMLDocumentHandler.getDocumentSource()
Returns the document source.
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| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
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void |
XMLDocumentHandler.setDocumentSource(XMLDocumentSource source)
Sets the document source.
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| Modifier and Type | Interface and Description |
|---|---|
interface |
XMLDocumentFilter
Defines a document filter that acts as both a receiver and an emitter
of document events.
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interface |
XMLDocumentScanner
This interface defines a generic document scanner.
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| Modifier and Type | Class and Description |
|---|---|
class |
XPointerHandler
This is a pipeline component which extends the XIncludeHandler to perform
XPointer specific processing specified in the W3C XPointerFramework and
element() Scheme Recommendations.
|
Copyright © 2021. All rights reserved.


O’Reilly, Una-May, et al. "Adversarial genetic programming for cyber security: A rising application domain where GP matters." Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines. Twentieth Anniversary Issue (2020).
Competitive Coevolution
Sims, Karl. "Evolving 3D morphology and behavior by competition." Artificial life 1.4 (1994): 353-372.
Competitive Coevolution
Fitness: number of wins in competitions
Sims, Karl. "Evolving 3D morphology and behavior by competition." Artificial life 1.4 (1994): 353-372.
Competitive Coevolution
Application to cybersecurity
O’Reilly, Una-May, et al. "Adversarial genetic programming for cyber security: A rising application domain where GP matters." Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines. Twentieth Anniversary Issue (2020).
Cooperative Coevolution
Antonio, Luis Miguel, and Carlos A. Coello Coello. "Coevolutionary multiobjective evolutionary algorithms: Survey of the state-of-the-art." IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation 22.6 (2017): 851-865.
Cooperative Coevolution
Fitness: based on combination of individuals (function decomposition)
Potter, Mitchell A., and Kenneth A. De Jong. "Cooperative coevolution: An architecture for evolving coadapted subcomponents." Evolutionary computation 8.1 (2000): 1-29.
Pathologies
Intransitivity: cycling between different solutions
Pathologies
Red Queen Effect (CS)
Changes that improve the quality of an
individual do not increase its selection
probability because of changes to other
coevolving individuals
Exercise
Look through the attached review article and find a coevolutionary algorithm cited. Explain this coevolutionary algorithm in chat, citing if it is competitive, cooperative, or both, and if it addresses any specific coevolutionary pathology.


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Psalms 117:2
For his merciful kindness is great toward us: and the truth of the LORD endureth for ever. Praise ye the LORD.


Constructor
new Registry(logger)
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
logger |
object |
- Source:
Methods
cleanup()
Delete chat servers that haven't sent us a heartbeat
- Source:
get() → {object}
get returns servers
- Source:
Returns:
- Type
- object
getFormatted() → {string}
- Source:
Returns:
server info in html table format
- Type
- string
getLeastLoaded(version) → {string}
Least loaded for a version is server with the most capacity
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
version |
string |
- Source:
Returns:
The url (name) of least loaded server for requested version, or empty
- Type
- string
register(name, cpus, rooms, version)
A chat server is registering or sending up a heartbeat
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
name |
string | |
cpus |
int | |
rooms |
int | |
version |
string |
- Source:
setLogger(logger)
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
logger |
object |
- Source:
unregister(name)
A chat server is shutting down
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
name |
string |
- Source:


{% load static %}
INSERT PATIENT RECORD
{%csrf_token%}
Back To Home Screen
Patient Name
Sex
Male
Female
Other
DOB
Phone Number
E-Mail Address
Patient Address
Disease
Consulting Doctor Name
Drug
Drug Strength
Select Drug Strength
1 MG
2 MG
3 MG
4 MG
5 MG
6 MG
7 MG
8 MG
9 MG
10 MG
11 MG
12 MG
13 MG
14 MG
15 MG
Drug Duration
Prescription Advice
Concluding Remarks (If Any)
{%if messages%} {%for mess in messages%}
{{mess}}
{%endfor%} {%endif%}
{{result.id}}
{{result.patientname}}
{{result.sex}}
{{result.dob}}
{{result.phone}}
{{result.email}}
{{result.address}}
{{result.disease}}
{{result.doctor}}
{{result.drug}}
{{result.drugstrength}}
{{result.drugduration}}
{{result.prescriptionadvice}}
{{result.remarks}}


Basic calculated fields sample.
Distance (mi) *
Weight (lb)
Fragile
No
Yes
Length (in)
Height (in)
Width (in)
Extra services:
Insurance
Express Delivery
Total:
$00.00


INFOMENIA
Guide to your Career
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Dr. Vinod Kumar Jain
Dr. Jain has requested permission to be his replacement for the duration of
12th - 18th Sept'17
12th - 18th Sept'17
{% load static %} {% block replacement %}


Ex ZINARA boss Simon Mudzingwa Taranhike jailed
Former Zinara Finance Director Simon Mudzingwa Taranhike has been jailed for 15 months after being found guilty of criminal abuse of office.
Harare regional magistrate Mr Hosea Mujaya initially sentenced Taranhike to 30 months in prison before suspending 6 months on condition of good behaviour. Another 9 months were suspended on condition that Taranhike restitutes 1 800 litres of fuel to Zinara before December 31 2019.
In passing sentence, Mr Mujaya said he took into consideration that Taranhike is a first offender and a family man. Mr Mujaya said it is true that Taranhike did not directly benefit from the commission of the offence. He further stated that Taranhike lost his job as a result of the offence.
Mr Mujaya, however, said the court cannot turn a blind eye on corrupt activities and should pass an exemplary sentence.
state media


Preparation time
30 mins to 1 hour
Cooking time
30 mins to 1 hour
Serves
Serves 4
For the parsley butter, melt the butter in a small saucepan, with the smoked salmon trimmings and the crushed garlic.
Heat gently for about ten minutes or until the butter has clarified. Strain the butter through a sieve and return to the pan.
Allow the butter to rest off the heat for about 30 minutes, to let the flavours infuse.
Meanwhile, pick the parsley leaves off their stalks and blanch them in boiling water for one minute.
Refresh under very cold water, drain, pat dry with kitchen paper and chop roughly. Set aside.
Strain the clarified butter through a fine sieve and add the lemon juice and the salt and pepper.
Blanch or steam the vegetables until they are tender, then refresh them under cold water and reserve.
To cook the cod fillets, season them with some salt and pepper and dredge them in flour. In a large frying pan, heat the vegetable oil until almost smoking, then add the knob of butter and the cod fillets. Cook the fillets over a medium heat for about four minutes on each side. Be careful not to treat them roughly or they may break up.
To serve, warm the vegetables and parsley leaves in the clarified butter. Divide this mixture between warm plates and add a cod fillet to each serving.


Fortran is well described in a number of books, but not all aspects of it will become clear just from reading and studying them. This page is intended to highlight a few details that can be easily overlooked and to describe a few styles of programming that may be unfamiliar to most Fortran programmers.
Compiler extensions and limitations
Modules and generic source code
Functional programming
Using work arrays
Another look at generic source code
Read-only components in a derived type
Read-only variables
The singleton pattern
This section is intended to list a few of the aspects that can cause surprises.
First of all, not all compilers implement the complete standard. The features listed below are not supported by at least one compiler:
function double_string( string ) result(r) character(len=*) :: string character(len=2*len(string) :: r r = string // string end function
type grid real, allocatable, dimension(:,:) :: x, y end typeIf you do not want to rely on this, use the pointer attribute instead.
Then there are a number of extensions - features that are accepted by some compilers, but that would flag errors with others:
ingredients = (/ 'eggs', 'butter', 'flour', 'salt', 'water' /)Strictly speaking, strings of different length have different types. Always use strings with the same length (this also applies to the merge() function).
Quite from the question whether such short names are wise, do not use .t. or .f. for this purpose.
integer :: ivalue character(len=20) :: string string = '12.34' read( string, * ) ivaluemay fail with one compiler but happily succeed with another.
Conclusion: if you need to check whether a string is a valid representation of an integer (or a real), do not rely on list-directed input (see: Checking integer values).
While "true" genericity may not be possible with the current standard (Fortran 90/95), we can achieve a lot with just a few devices that are available:
Here is an example (from "test_queue.f90"):
module MYDATA_MODULE type MYDATA character(len=20) :: string end type MYDATA end module module MYDATA_QUEUES use MYDATA_MODULE, QUEUE_DATA => MYDATA include "queues.f90" end module MYDATA_QUEUESThe code in the file "queues.f90" is completely independent of the type of data we want to store in the queues.
The main limitation of this style of genericity is that you can only store data of the same type in such queues. When you need queues for more than one data type, you can follow the method of example "two_lists.f90" in the tests directory.
Another limitation is that you can only store derived types in this way - basic types like "INTEGER" or "REAL" can not be renamed (and the syntax gets in the way: type(QUEUE_DATA) versus REAL for instance.)
Whether these limitations are prohibitive, depends entirely on the problem at hand: if you do need to store data of different types in a single "container", then you also need some way of identifying the type. And type safety is becoming an issue - will you always use the contained data in the right way (for instance pass it to routines that can handle such data)?
In principle it is possible to store data of different types in a single container like the queues above: via the TRANSER() function. But if that can be avoided, your program will probably be simpler to understand.
As long as the work arrays are "small", you can use automatic arrays, but the problem is that these can cause a stack overflow - resulting in an abrupt abortion of the program without a chance to catch it.
The alternative is to allocate an array (alocatable or pointer) of the appropriate size, but that has a performance penalty - memory allocation is time-consuming. You also need to take care that the memory is deallocated again (though in Fortran 95 this is automatically taken care of by the compiler under certain circumstances - allocatable arrays that do not have the target or the save attribute). The advantage, however, is that runtime errors can be caught, so that you can write a decent error message to the screen or log file.
Can these two approaches be combined? Yes, they can, as the following example shows:
subroutine mkwork( size_problem ) integer :: size_problem real, dimension(min(100,size_problem), target :: work1 real, dimension(:), pointer :: work ! ! Decide which of the two to use ! (really requires Fortran 95, because of the ! status of the pointer) ! if ( size_problem <= 100 ) then work => work1 else allocate( work(1:size_problem) ) endif ... Do the job ! ! Free the work array, when it was allocated ! if ( .not. associated( work, work1 ) ) then deallocate( work ) endif end subroutine mkworkAnother way to solve the problem, is simply to use allocatable/pointer arrays with the save attribute:
subroutine mkwork( size_problem ) integer :: size_problem real, dimension(:), allocatable, save :: work if ( .not. allocated(work) ) then allocate( work(size_problem) ) else if ( size_problem >= size(work) ) then deallocate( work ) allocate( work(size_problem) ) endif endif ... Do the job ! ! We do not free the memory! ! end subroutine mkworkThat way you keep the cost of memory allocation down to a minimum: you simply allocate a new array when encountering a problem of a larger size. Any smaller problem can be solved with the previously allocated memory.
The drawback is that you have a small memory leak to worry about, but it is limited as there is only one chunk of memory per subroutine.
real, dimension(1:100) :: a, b b = 2*aThis is in fact a simple form of functional programming. In languages like LISP, Haskell or ML the fundamental data type for a collection of data is the list. While not at all equivalent to an array in Fortran, these lists are often used via operations, such as map and filter that are quite easy to simulate in Fortran, or are simply present in another guise:
real, dimension(:), intent(in) :: x, y, value logical, dimension(1:size(x)) :: accepted real, dimension(:), allocatable :: xf, yf, valuef ! Filtered data points accepted = value .ne. -999.0 number_data = count(accepted) allocate( xf(1:number_data), yf(1:number_data), valuef(1:number_data) ) xf = pack( x, accepted ) yf = pack( y, accepted ) valuef = pack( value, accepted )The alternative is to use an explicit loop:
j = 0 do i = 1,size(x) if ( accepted(i) ) then j = j + 1 xf(j) = x(i) yf(j) = y(i) valuef(j) = value(i) endif enddoClearly this is lengthier and easy to get wrong.
real, dimension(:), intent(in) :: x, y, value real :: xtarget, ytarget integer, dimension(1) :: idx idx = minloc( (x - xtarget) ** 2 + (y -ytarget) ** 2 ) write(*,*) 'Closest point: ', x(idx(1)), y(idx(1))(The only unfortunate thing about this is the fact that we have to declare a short array idx instead of an ordinary variable). Compare this to the alternative:
real, dimension(:), intent(in) :: x, y, value real :: xtarget, ytarget real :: dist, distmin integer :: idx idx = -1 do i = 1,size(x) dist = (x(i) - xtarget) ** 2 + (y(i) -ytarget) ** 2 if ( idx .eq. -1 .or. dist .lt. distmin ) then idx = i distmin = dist endif endif write(*,*) 'Closest point: ', x(idx), y(idx)We have an explicit do-loop and we need to take care of the initial case, done here by a special (impossible) value for the target.
logical function okay(string) character(len=*) :: string character(len=20) :: form integer :: ierr integer :: ival write( form, '(a,i0,a)' ) '(i', len(string), ')' read( string, form, iostat = ierr ) ival okay = ierr == 0 end function okayAs discussed above, it is not enough to read the string with list-directed input (the very powerful "read(...,*)", you need to use formatted input.
If the string contains several integers, like "12, 34, ...", you can check the first value like this:
logical function okay(string) character(len=*) :: string character(len=len(string)) :: first character(len=20) :: form integer :: ierr integer :: ival okay = .false. read(string, *, iostat = ierr ) first if ( ierr == 0 ) then write( form, '(a,i0,a)' ) '(i', len(string), ')' read( first, form, iostat = ierr ) ival endif okay = ierr == 0 end function okay
Solve a system of ordinary differential equations:
x' = f(t,x,a), t = 0,...,T x(t=0) = x0where x is a vector of N dependent variables, f a function describing the derivative of x w.r.t. time and a is a set of parameters.
We would like to make a general library for solving this type of systems. The start is simple: Define a routine that takes a parameter f to represent the right-hand side (the name of a function subprogram) and the routine can be any convenient numerical method.
But then we run into problems: how to represent the set of parameters a? For one problem an array of reals might do, for another we would need a more complicated data structure.
The numerical method is independent of this parameter - just pass it around. But Fortran does not allow us to define a generic type. Mucking about with the transfer() function is one solution but you can not hide it from the user then.
Another problem, perhaps more mundane, is that we would like to print (output, save) intermediate results. But that leads to a second routine we would like to pass to the generic, mathematical algorithm.
Can we solve this problem in a more general, indeed generic way? Yes, we can: using reverse communication. But that leads to a complicated interface:
But the user does have to program this loop. And we would like to hide the gory details.
This is actually possible and here is a sketch of how to do that:
function f( t, x, a ) result( r ) real(kind=wp) :: t real(kind=wp), dimension(:) :: x type(params) :: a real(kind=wp), dimension(size(x)) :: r end function
subroutine print( t, x, a ) real(kind=wp) :: t real(kind=wp), dimension(:) :: x type(params) :: a ! a stores the LU-number as well end subroutine
subroutine solve( f, t0, t1, x, a ) use solution_library interface function f( t, x, a ) result( r ) use params_module real(kind=wp) :: t real(kind=wp), dimension(:) :: x type(params) :: a real(kind=wp), dimension(size(x)) :: r end function end interface real(kind=wp) :: t0 real(kind=wp) :: t1 real(kind=wp), dimension(:) :: x ! Initial condition at ! start, final result at end type(params) :: a ! a stores the LU-number as well include 'generic_part.inc' end subroutine solve
! ! Sketch only ! type(solution_struct) :: solution ! Required for bookkeeping call init_solution( solution, t0, t1, x ) t = t0 do call step_solution( solution, t, x, task ) select case( task ) case( print ) call print( t, x, a ) case( deriv ) x = f( t, x, a ) case ( completed ) exit endselect enddoThe user of the library does not have to change this generic part and the author of the library does not have to deliver any other source code.
You can of course use a "get function to get the value of the component:
type personal_data private integer :: year_of_birth ... end type integer function year_of_birth( data ) type(personal_data) :: data year_of_birth = data%year_of_birth end functionThis can be cumbersome in computations, as accessing the data has a different form than using them directly: year_of_birth(data) versus data%year_of_birth.
With a bit more work (but that can be made general enough), you can create read-only components (note that all direct access to the read-only integer is excluded, unless the user explicitly uses the read_only_types module:
use read_only_types private :: set_ro_integer, ro_integer ! Imported from read_only_types, but they ! should not be passed on type personal_data type(ro_integer) :: year_of_birth ... end typeThe module read_only_types looks like this:
module read_only_types type ro_integer private integer :: value end type ! ! Interfaces to computational facilities ! interface assignment(=) module procedure set_int_to_ro_int end interface ! etc. ... contains ! ! To be used by trusted modules only ! subroutine set_ro_integer( ro_value, value ) type(ro_integer), intent(out) :: ro_value integer, intent(in) :: value ro_value%value = value end subroutine ! ! Publically available routines ! subroutine set_int_to_ro_int( value, ro_value ) integer, intent(out) :: value type(ro_integer), intent(in) :: ro_value value = ro_value%value end subroutine ! etc. ... end moduleWith this technique, the user can freely use the component year_of_birth without being able to override the value, unless doen via the facilities offered by the encompassing personal_data type.
There is one caveat: you can not simply print the value of data%year_of_birth, as the contents of that component are private...
Here is a complete, slightly silly program that uses the above:
module read_only_types type ro_integer private integer :: value end type ! ! Interfaces to computational facilities ! interface assignment(=) module procedure set_int_to_ro_int end interface ! etc. ... contains ! ! To be used by trusted modules only ! subroutine set_ro_integer( ro_value, value ) type(ro_integer), intent(out) :: ro_value integer, intent(in) :: value ro_value%value = value end subroutine ! ! Publically available routines ! subroutine set_int_to_ro_int( value, ro_value ) integer, intent(out) :: value type(ro_integer), intent(in) :: ro_value value = ro_value%value end subroutine ! etc. ... end module module personal_data_facilities use read_only_types private :: set_ro_integer, ro_integer ! Imported from read_only_types, but they ! should not be passed on type personal_data type(ro_integer) :: year_of_birth end type contains subroutine set_birth_year( data, year ) type(personal_data) :: data integer :: year call set_ro_integer( data%year_of_birth, year ) end subroutine end module program test_pd use personal_data_facilities type(personal_data) :: data integer :: year call set_birth_year( data, 2000 ) year = data%year_of_birth write(*,*) 'Year: ', year !write(*,*) 'Year: ', data%year_of_birth ! Alas, this does not work end program
module read_only_variables type ro_integer private integer :: value end type ! ! Interfaces to computational facilities ! interface assignment(=) module procedure set_int_to_ro_int end interface ! etc. ... type(ro_integer) :: ro_variable = ro_integer(10) ! Our read-only variable contains ! ! Publically available routines ! subroutine set_int_to_ro_int( value, ro_value ) integer, intent(out) :: value type(ro_integer), intent(in) :: ro_value value = ro_value%value end subroutine ! etc. ... end module program test_ro use read_only_variables integer :: value ! ! This works: ! value = ro_variable ! ! But this does not: ! value = 30 ro_variable = value end program
As Fortran 90/95 does not support object oriented programming perse, is it impossible to use the Singleton pattern? Let us examine the properties of such singleton objects:


• Level up and get your hands on more gold to unlock epic items and gear for your party.
• Fight and explore your way through a perilous fantasy world to defeat the dark mage.
• As the game master, you can set up the fights yourself and choose how many monsters to battle.
First Look
Press Review
Den Of Geeks
The best version of mario that have existed in the market. Earth Shattering performance. Mind Blowing Vector graphics.


Surviving successful Bosh adoption
Chris Hedley of CloudCredo
Daniel Jones of EngineerBetter
“the survivor refuses to accept that something is true or real”
“the survivor imagines a false, preferable reality”
Remember that Bosh gives you:
“the survivor becomes frustrated”
“ Confusion leads to anger.
Anger leads to hate.
Hate leads to production downtime. ”
Yoda - The Phantom Manifest
Bosh is not a power drill manufacturer
Bosh is not a basketball player
Bosh is not BOSH
Jobs are made up of templates
One job's templates are in /var/vcap/jobs
packaging spec != job spec != rspec
$ bosh target
[WARNING] Loading the cli took 12.4 seconds, consider cleaning your
gem environment
$ bosh ssh
…
Starting interactive shell on job ha_proxy_z1/0
No RSA host key is known for <IP_ADDRESS> and you have requested strict
checking.
Host key verification failed.
Started prepare for update
Started prepare for update > Delete stemcell. Done (00:00:26)
Started deploy micro bosh
Started deploy micro bosh > Unpacking stemcell. Done (00:00:00)
Started deploy micro bosh > Uploading stemcell. Done (00:00:00)
Started deploy micro bosh > Creating VM from ami-e1577396 light. Done (00:00:33)
Started deploy micro bosh > Waiting for the agent
Some time later...
Started prepare for update
Started prepare for update > Delete stemcell. Done (00:00:26)
Started deploy micro bosh
Started deploy micro bosh > Unpacking stemcell. Done (00:00:00)
Started deploy micro bosh > Uploading stemcell. Done (00:00:00)
Started deploy micro bosh > Creating VM from ami-e1577396 light. Done (00:00:33)
Started deploy micro bosh > Waiting for the agent
Later still...
Started prepare for update
Started prepare for update > Delete stemcell. Done (00:00:26)
Started deploy micro bosh
Started deploy micro bosh > Unpacking stemcell. Done (00:00:00)
Started deploy micro bosh > Uploading stemcell. Done (00:00:00)
Started deploy micro bosh > Creating VM from ami-e1577396 light. Done (00:00:33)
Started deploy micro bosh > Waiting for the agent
log writing failed. can't be called from trap context
/Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh/buffered_io.rb:65:in `recv': Connection reset by peer - recvfrom(2) (Errno::ECONNRESET)
from /Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh/buffered_io.rb:65:in `fill'
from /Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh/transport/packet_stream.rb:104:in `block in next_packet'
from /Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh/transport/packet_stream.rb:95:in `loop'
from /Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh/transport/packet_stream.rb:95:in `next_packet'
from /Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh/transport/session.rb:184:in `block in poll_message'
from /Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh/transport/session.rb:179:in `loop'
from /Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh/transport/session.rb:179:in `poll_message'
from /Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh/transport/session.rb:164:in `next_message'
from /Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh/authentication/session.rb:95:in `block in next_message'
from /Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh/authentication/session.rb:94:in `loop'
from /Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh/authentication/session.rb:94:in `next_message'
from /Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh/authentication/methods/publickey.rb:53:in `authenticate_with'
from /Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh/authentication/methods/publickey.rb:20:in `block in authenticate'
from /Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh/authentication/key_manager.rb:122:in `block in each_identity'
from /Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh/authentication/key_manager.rb:119:in `each'
from /Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh/authentication/key_manager.rb:119:in `each_identity'
from /Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh/authentication/methods/publickey.rb:19:in `authenticate'
from /Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh/authentication/session.rb:79:in `block in authenticate'
from /Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh/authentication/session.rb:66:in `each'
from /Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh/authentication/session.rb:66:in `authenticate'
from /Users/deejay/.gem/ruby/2.1.3/gems/net-ssh-2.10.0.beta1/lib/net/ssh.rb:226:in `start'
$ bosh deploy
…
Deploying
---------
Are you sure you want to deploy? (type 'yes' to continue): y
Deployment canceled
Deployment canceled
via @xoebus
“the survivor seeks compromise”
“the survivor believes to have committed sin”
“the survivor has feelings of severe despondency and hopelessness”
“a calm, retrospective view for the survivor, and a stable set of emotions”
You now have:
“the survivor develops a positive attitude about the future”
Releases, stemcells, tracker link and documentation all in one place
pivotaltracker.com/n/projects/956238
cloudcredo.com
@ChristHedley
engineerbetter.com
@EngineerBetter


We are having technical difficulties. Please retry in few minutes. This problem has been reported and our engineering team is working to fix this. If you want to contact us directly please send email: TODO


--- layout: post title: Setting up an isolated LAMP development environment with Vagrant, Github and Composer permalink: setting-up-an-isolated-lamp-development-environment-with-vagrant-github-and-composer/ date: 2014-03-30 06:23:56.000000000 +08:00 categories: - coding - git - howto - php tags: - lamp stack ubuntu - setup a workstation in vagrant - vagrant and puppet status: publish type: post published: true meta: _edit_last: '2' _wpas_mess: Setting up an isolated LAMP development environment with Vagrant, Github and Composer _wpas_skip_1611607: '1' _thumbnail_id: '1200' _wpas_done_all: '1' _wpas_skip_2452381: '1' _wpas_skip_2203490: '1' _wpas_skip_2452385: '1' dsq_thread_id: '2957362495' cleaned: true ---
Whether you are working in multiple projects which requires complete isolation of data, codes and credentials or just merely wanted to separate your "personal" dev environment into your "work" dev environment, Vagrant is very useful in this process.
Usually, the first thing you are doing when you have a new pc/mac are these steps:
Very simple process isn't it, but there are fundamental issues in that seemingly perfect work environment:
The list goes on and on and there is no reason for not having a portable, secure and conflict-free development environment. Before, we are doing it by either setting up any Virtual Box, VMware or VirtualPC, Wubi (Ubuntu) in our workstation, but the process is so tedious that most of the developers rather not do it, since installation of *nix alone, the LAMP stack among others is way too tedious and for some dev, it takes too long to setup and requires skills that is more of system administrator's stuffs for a simple purpose.
We are not System Administrators, we are developers, we are supposedly developing things, not setting up things...
But gone are those days... enter Puppet and Vagrant
Puppet is basically an System Administrator's toy, it lets someone to write automated scripts to automate tasks like installing and updating *nix packages, setting up cron, configuring apache, php etc.
Vagrant is basically a command that you can run in your command line to easily setup a new virtual machine, automatically installing everything you need to start your "real work", it handles the headache of setting up the Linux OS, installing apache, PHP, MySQL etc (with the help of Puppet scripts, though not required).
The killer combination of the two makes it very very easy and cheap to create a new work environment that you wont mind setting up seperate virtual machines per project!
Are you ready? let's get started on setting it up!
Ok, so let me give you the things you will need first:
Once you got those stuffs installed, in your command line, run:
The command basically downloads a pre-made Ubuntu box (called base box), ready to be used at the time you had downloaded it. That will require sometime though. So please give it some patience (cmon, it downloads a whole virtual machine!).
Don't worry, you only need to do that only once though, once the base box is there, it will be used as a starting point of any virtual machine you will be creating. The original Ubuntu Box will not be changed when you are creating new VMs-- its always there waiting to be copied and reused.
Once the base box is downloaded, its time to create your LAMP machine!
This will download the repo which contains the necessary scripts, it will probably clone the files into puppet-lamp-stack folder, lets rename that to something more intuitive:
One important thing you need to do as well is, in vagrant, there is always a shared folder between your PC with the virtual machine, that is called vagrant folder. And what is that vagrant folder is mapped into you asked?
in that "lamp" folder you just had renamed!
This makes it possible to edit the files using your favorite IDE in windows, and its automatically reflected on the virtual machine.
Now, since this is a lamp stack, where is the www directory will be pointing into?
Nope you cant access the /var/www folder directly, it was not shared, that is why you need to create a folder that will be used as the document root of the apache. Its as simple as:
Whatever you will put into the webroot folder, that is the one will appear when you open up the http://localhost:8888
so placing a file in lamp/webroot/hello.php can be accessed by http://localhost:8888/hello.php
pretty neat eh!
But don't open up that url in your browser yet, you impatient bastard!, we haven't booted up the machine yet.
With the things already setup, now we are ready to boot our machine! are you ready?
That will probably output stuffs here and there, but at the end will say the box is ready.
place any script in the lamp/webroot/ folder then access it by visiting http://localhost:8888/yourfile
It now should work like a normal Ubuntu Box with Apache, MySQL and PHP installed w/o any effort in your end.
You can verify that by logging to the machine by executing
That will log you into the machine via ssh. You can now interact with the box like how you usually do in normal Ubuntu box. Here are the few things that you might always be using when interacting with the box:
If you want to use Putty as SSH client (or you wanted to connect to someone else's vagrant box across the network), instead of using the vagrant ssh command. You can do so by using localhost as host, 2222 as port, then "vagrant" as both username and password.
Ok, so that completes the LAMP part of the process. Now lets go with installing Composer and Git
Install Git
Install Composer
Now, you would probably wanted to associate this box into a particular Github account, so that you don't have to provide your github username and password everytime you push your commits. To do this:
While seems caching the user/pass is easier, I still recommend you use SSH key for authentication. This is important when you are trying to play with private repos
Now, you are ready to go! you have an isolated LAMP stack with Git and Composer setup!


|
QuantLib: a free/open-source library for quantitative finance
Fully annotated sources - version 1.30
|
#include <ql/methods/finitedifferences/solvers/fdm1dimsolver.hpp>
Public Member Functions | |
| Fdm1DimSolver (const FdmSolverDesc &solverDesc, const FdmSchemeDesc &schemeDesc, ext::shared_ptr< FdmLinearOpComposite > op) | |
| Real | interpolateAt (Real x) const |
| Real | thetaAt (Real x) const |
| Real | derivativeX (Real x) const |
| Real | derivativeXX (Real x) const |
| Public Member Functions inherited from LazyObject | |
| ~LazyObject () override=default | |
| void | update () override |
| void | forwardFirstNotificationOnly () |
| void | alwaysForwardNotifications () |
| void | recalculate () |
| void | freeze () |
| void | unfreeze () |
| Public Member Functions inherited from Observable | |
| Observable () | |
| Observable (const Observable &) | |
| Observable & | operator= (const Observable &) |
| virtual | ~Observable ()=default |
| void | notifyObservers () |
| Public Member Functions inherited from Observer | |
| Observer ()=default | |
| Observer (const Observer &) | |
| Observer & | operator= (const Observer &) |
| virtual | ~Observer () |
| std::pair< iterator, bool > | registerWith (const ext::shared_ptr< Observable > &) |
| void | registerWithObservables (const ext::shared_ptr< Observer > &) |
| Size | unregisterWith (const ext::shared_ptr< Observable > &) |
| void | unregisterWithAll () |
| virtual void | update ()=0 |
| virtual void | deepUpdate () |
Protected Member Functions | |
| void | performCalculations () const override |
| Protected Member Functions inherited from LazyObject | |
| virtual void | calculate () const |
Private Attributes | |
| const FdmSolverDesc | solverDesc_ |
| const FdmSchemeDesc | schemeDesc_ |
| const ext::shared_ptr< FdmLinearOpComposite > | op_ |
| const ext::shared_ptr< FdmSnapshotCondition > | thetaCondition_ |
| const ext::shared_ptr< FdmStepConditionComposite > | conditions_ |
| std::vector< Real > | x_ |
| std::vector< Real > | initialValues_ |
| Array | resultValues_ |
| ext::shared_ptr< CubicInterpolation > | interpolation_ |
Additional Inherited Members | |
| Public Types inherited from Observer | |
| typedef set_type::iterator | iterator |
| Protected Attributes inherited from LazyObject | |
| bool | calculated_ = false |
| bool | frozen_ = false |
| bool | alwaysForward_ = true |
Definition at line 38 of file fdm1dimsolver.hpp.
| Fdm1DimSolver | ( | const FdmSolverDesc & | solverDesc, |
| const FdmSchemeDesc & | schemeDesc, | ||
| ext::shared_ptr< FdmLinearOpComposite > | op | ||
| ) |
Definition at line 32 of file fdm1dimsolver.cpp.
Definition at line 67 of file fdm1dimsolver.cpp.
|
overrideprotectedvirtual |
This method must implement any calculations which must be (re)done in order to calculate the desired results.
Implements LazyObject.
Definition at line 54 of file fdm1dimsolver.cpp.
|
private |
Definition at line 54 of file fdm1dimsolver.hpp.
|
private |
Definition at line 55 of file fdm1dimsolver.hpp.
|
private |
Definition at line 56 of file fdm1dimsolver.hpp.
|
private |
Definition at line 58 of file fdm1dimsolver.hpp.
|
private |
Definition at line 59 of file fdm1dimsolver.hpp.
|
private |
Definition at line 61 of file fdm1dimsolver.hpp.
|
private |
Definition at line 61 of file fdm1dimsolver.hpp.
|
mutableprivate |
Definition at line 62 of file fdm1dimsolver.hpp.
|
mutableprivate |
Definition at line 63 of file fdm1dimsolver.hpp.


At 2% inflation, Pelosi's plan only gets you to $ in 2017 dollars. Incremental minimum wage cheats workers because it ignores the effects of inflation. Inflation varies over the years, and it's hard to predict when it will go up or down. So if you want to make 15 dollars an hour, the minimum wage should go up to 17 dollars by 2024. Pelosi's plan just doesn't hold up to scrutiny. Jaffe has a real plan for the minimum wage that does not cheat working San Franciscans. You can change the inflation number to see how higher or lower inflation effects the minimum wage over time!


Baltimore is a charming city with a lively waterfront and top-rated attractions such as the National Aquarium with its world-renowned dolphin show, rainforests and magnificent coral reef.
It is situated at the northern end of Chesapeake Bay.
This is a Port of Entry.
Call the CBP reporting office and moor at the Reporting location.
Last updated November 2014.
Free WiFi available in the inner harbour as of September 2014.


Links fall into four categories: 1) link => unvisited 2) visited => visited 3) hover => mouse over link 4) active => Selected link This order must be maintained in CSS Style sheet as well.
Visit my Git


{% if title %}
{%for pitch in pitches%} Pitch:{{pitch.description_path}} Leave comment view comments upvote downvote {%endfor%} Add pitch
Pitch:{{pitch.description_path}}


Publish solution template
Credentials in publishing organization
Username:
Password:
Items to package into a single Solution (along with their dependencies)
ROW Permit Dashboard (Dashboard)
ROW Permit Manager (Web Mapping Application)
ROW Permit Public Comment (Web Map)
ROW Permit Public Comment (Web Mapping Application)
PointFilterableComments (Service Definition)
Create solution
Solution ready for publishing
Name for published Solution
Publish solution
Published Solution details


You have successfully confirmed {{laneData.length}} of {{laneData.length}} lanes.
Go back to view the opprotunity
Lane {{selectedLane + 1}} of {{laneData.length}} (with annual volume of 15 to 18)
Expected annual lane volume: {{laneData[selectedLane].lane_volume}}
Estimated August 2nd, 2018 11:00 AM CST with a variance of 18%
| {{rowestimate.name}} |
|---|
| ${{rowestimate.price | number:0}} |


Extend the square program to enable data logging in a big array. At each sample of the mission state machine the mission.time , mot.motorspeed_l and mot.motorspeed_r should be logged. When the program terminates the array should be written to a ASCII file, one line for each sample. Make the file have the extension .dat to enable processing by MATLAB.
Link to square program in GitHub repositoryWhy should we use a statically allocated array? Think about what happens if the end of the array is reached.
Run the square program with logging and make a matlab plot of the motorspeeds versus time.
Implement odometry (i.e. find x,y, θ ) in the square program. The implementation should be done only modifying the functions reset_odo and update_odo and the struct odotype. Change the logging to log the time and odometry. Test with the simulator with both clockwise and counter clockwise squares. Make xy-plots of the odometry tests.
Modify the program square the make the SMR move 2 m forward and stop. Make the experiment at the speeds 0.2 , 0.4 and 0.6 m/s (speed command). Plot x,y and θ versus time in MATLAB on the home page.
Limit the acceleration to 0.5 m/s2. This could be done by limiting the speed command increment ∆V for each sample to a suitable value. Make the experiment at the speeds 0.2 , 0.4 and 0.6 m/s (speed command). Plot x,y and θ versus time in MATLAB on the home page
Limit the deceleration to 0.5m/s2 This could be done by calculating the maximum allowed speed considering the remaining distance to target d and the allowable acceleration using the formula: Vmax=√2 amax d. Make the experiment at the speeds 0.2 , 0.4 and 0.6 m/s (speed command). Plot x,y and θ versus time in MATLAB on the home page.
Implement acceleration and deceleration limits for the turn command and base the turned angle on the odometry angle. Test with the simulator and plot x,y and θ versus time in MATLAB on the home page.


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Flash floods, evacuations as storms hit Italy
by Julien BonettiStorms pounded Italy over the weekend, causing flash floods and evacuations in the country's northwest.
Video released by the Italian fire brigade on Sunday (November 3) showed a resident being placed on a stretcher and lifted down from a balcony with ropes after a mudslide hit their home.
Schools across the Liguria region were closed on Monday (November 4) as the weather alert continued, with forecasts of heavy rain and strong winds.


A gem in Shoreditch, Coqfighter bringS their vodka-battered wings, Panko fried whole chicken leg burgers and incredible bao to Boxpark Croydon as they launch their first permanent site.
Smoked... Honey... Butter.... three words you'll be dreaming and drooling over after visiting these fried chicken kings Other Side Fried.
One for the gochujang loving fans, this burger from Spit & Roast will blow your mind! Crispiest burger you will ever devour and you can catch them during the weekends at South Bank Market, just outside of Waterloo Station.
The most glorious burger you will ever devour. NOT ENOUGH GRAVY? NO PROBLEM! This burger comes with a dish of gravy so you can dip to your heart's content! Catch them in multiple locations!
Don't want to burst your wallet? Patty and bun to the rescue! Get your hands on their burger of the month for only a fiver! Available from Monday to Thursday (12pm-5pm) across various locations!


Good books for competitive programming
Competitive Programming
Introduciton to Algorithm
Programming Challenge
From Baylor to Baylor


--- title: Microsoft -- Apple wanted 'Laptop Hunters' ads pulled layout: post ---
Kevin Turner, Microsoft's chief operating officer, was at the conference to announce that Microsoft was planning to open its first stores this fall, with at least some of the locations likely to be right near an Apple store.
Apparently MSFT doesn't understand that they'd be the Wal-Mart of computers... They don't seriously think they can make a dent in Apple's cachet with the Zune, do they?


Hi My name is Amit Rakesh and currently, I am pursuing software engineering from San Jose State University
I have previously worked with Java, Spring framework and REST API. Also briefly worked with python on a data science project.
I am mostly interested in Data Science, Machine learning, Cloud technologies and RESTful web services


Bangladesh is a place of natural beauty.There are so many beautiful places to visit.To enjoy the beauties,it is our small effort to make your journey easy by offering you various tour packages at a reasonable price rate.
if you want to build a career with us then contact us
send your resume at sanika9826@gmail.com


In some cases, it may benefit you to 'buy down the interest rate' by paying extra money up front in the form of discount points. Use this calculator to help determine if this makes sense for you.
In some cases, it may benefit you to 'buy down the interest rate' by paying extra money up front in the form of discount points. Use this calculator to help determine if this makes sense for you.

Our mortgage loan calculators were designed to help you become better informed about all of your choices so you can shop smarter. View more calculators.
Have questions? Want to learn more about home loans? Contact us online or call<PHONE_NUMBER>.


About Nic
I am
Nicholas Rousom
. I am also known as
Thrill_gaming742
I am a youtuber. A activist. An entrepreneur. I'm currently learning game design.


{% extends 'base.html' %} {% load bootstrap3 %} {% load static %} {% load staticfiles %} {% block content %}
Note that a user can only vote once per project
| Username | Design | Usability | Creativity | Content | Overall Score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| {{rating.profile.user}} | {{rating.design}} | {{rating.usability}} | {{rating.creativity}} | {{rating.content}} | {{rating.overall_score}} |
| Avarage | Design | Usability | Creativity | Content | Overall Score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average | {{total_design}} | {{total_usability}} | {{total_creativity}} | {{total_content}} | {{project.overall}} |


Since this is the first draft, everything here is what has been added so far. Though I am not quite sure if I am doing everything correctly, I am enjoying working on this. The module 1 instructions are very clear, but I do't really understand the module 2 intrustions have me baffled and I don't know what they are asking so I kind of just starting working on the style and layout of how I want the site to look.


WR
The Weight Room
Home
About
More about
Gallery
Location
Nelson
Auckland
Gore
My project
Contact
Location
Github
Design
Welcome to the Weight Room
Gallery
Workout Plans
6-Day full body Hit
Full body every Workout


The code that explicitly defines the Eco Lab model is contained in ecolab.cc. Several examples of a completely different models is provided with the Eco Lab distribution. Most of these are described in different papers:
A model typically consists of an interface file (.h), which is processed by Classdesc, an implementation file (.cc) and one or more experiment scripts (.tcl).
The model should, as far as possible, be implemented as a single
object (which may be a container). Let's call the model JoesFolly. The
model class (eg JoesFolly_t
) is defined in the interface file in a
regular C++ fashion. It is simplest if all members of the model class
are public, however read the Classdesc chapter for how to handle
private members.
Consider whether your model maps naturally to the notion of objects related by a network. In that case, you may find that Graphcode will effectively distribute your model across multiple processors of an MPI parallel job. Both the spatial EcoLab model, and the Jellyfish model are examples of Graphcode deployment.
Your model class needs to be derived from TCL_obj_t
. This adds
a few extra methods to your class, such as checkpoint/restart, and
client/server functionality.
class JoesFolly_t: public TCL_obj_t { public: int an_instance_var; double a_method(TCL_args); };
You then define your model object in the implementation file, and pass
this object to the macro make_model
.
#include <ecolab.h> #include "JoesFolly.h" #include "JoesFolly.cd" #include <ecolab_epilogue.h> JoesFolly_t JoesFolly; make_model(JoesFolly); double JoesFolly(TCL_args args) { double x=args, y=args; ... }
The supplied Makefile in the models directory can be used as a
template for your own project. It contains rules that generate
Makefile dependencies for all include files included with
""
. It will launch classdesc to generate descriptors for all
class definitions in JoesFolly.h
. All public instance variables
are visible to TCL, as are methods that take no arguments, or a single
TCL_args argument.
Of course these instance variables or members are only actual accessible from
TCL if their type T
has a operator<<(ostream&,T)
defined. Accessing other types of object will result in a runtime error.
Note that Standard C++ requires functions used by templates be
declared prior to templates being defined. Since the .cd files are
declaring functions like pack, TCL_obj etc., templates that call
these functions must be declared after all .cd files are included,
otherwise the templates will not pick up the definitions in the .cd
files. This is achieved by including
ecolab_epilogue.h
after the all the
.cd files have been included in the .cc file. In fact, now Eco Lab
insists on the presence of this file if classdesc is used, and will
generate a link time failure if not provided:
undefined reference to `(anonymous namespace)::classdesc_epilogue_not_included()' undefined reference to `(anonymous namespace)::TCL_obj_template_not_included()'


My weight in the earth is
and I wanna know my weight in
From Curso de programacion basica de Platzi
Principal Website


xml4js
JavaScript XML Writer Library
The aim of the project is to create a lightweight library that enables the user to create XML documents with a low level complexity.
NOTE: If you execute the demo you can see sample of XML document on you browser console.


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wincache_fcache_fileinfo (PECL wincache >= 1.0.0) wincache_fcache_fileinfo — Retrieves information about files cached in the file cache 说明 array wincache_fcache_fileinfo ([ bool $summaryonly = false ] ) Retrieves information about file cache content and its usage. 参数 summaryonly Controls whether the returned array will contain information about individual cache entries along with the file cache summary. 返回值 Array of meta data about file cache 或者在失败时返回 FALSE The array returned by this function contains the following elements: • total_cache_uptime - total time in seconds that the file cache has been active • total_file_count - total number of files that are currently in the file cache • total_hit_count - number of times the files have been served from the file cache • total_miss_count - number of times the files have not been found in the file cache • file_entries - an array that contains the information about all the cached files: □ file_name - absolute file name of the cached file □ add_time - time in seconds since the file has been added to the file cache □ use_time - time in seconds since the file has been accessed in the file cache □ last_check - time in seconds since the file has been checked for modifications □ hit_count - number of times the file has been served from the cache □ file_size - size of the cached file in bytes 范例 Example #1 A wincache_fcache_fileinfo() example
以上例程会输出： Array ( [total_cache_uptime] => 3234 [total_file_count] => 5 [total_hit_count] => 0 [total_miss_count] => 1 [file_entries] => Array ( [1] => Array ( [file_name] => c:\inetpub\wwwroot\checkcache.php [add_time] => 1 [use_time] => 0 [last_check] => 1 [hit_count] => 1 [file_size] => 2435 ) [2] => Array (...iterates for each cached file) ) ) 参见 • wincache_fcache_meminfo() - Retrieves information about file cache memory usage • wincache_ocache_fileinfo() - Retrieves information about files cached in the opcode cache • wincache_ocache_meminfo() - Retrieves information about opcode cache memory usage • wincache_rplist_fileinfo() - Retrieves information about resolve file path cache • wincache_rplist_meminfo() - Retrieves information about memory usage by the resolve file path cache • wincache_refresh_if_changed() - Refreshes the cache entries for the cached files • wincache_ucache_meminfo() - Retrieves information about user cache memory usage • wincache_ucache_info() - Retrieves information about data stored in the user cache • wincache_scache_info() - Retrieves information about files cached in the session cache • wincache_scache_meminfo() - Retrieves information about session cache memory usage


This website is dedicated to
The nameless, faceless, and victorious generation that will see the Lord come back to earth and to my miraculous son (now 19 months old) who I believe will be one of them.
Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.
See moreSome quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.
See moreSome quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.
See moreSome quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.
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Purple Martians
Technical Code Descriptions
Netgame - State and Dif
The game state
Game state variables
Combining game state variables into 'state'
'state' variables
State compression methods
The differential method
The game state
The game state is all of the data required to replicate the game between server and client.
It consists of all the relevant variables for the level, players, enemies, items, bullets, etc.
The server's game state is periodically sent to clients to keep them in sync.
Game state variables
// Variables used for netgame state exchange
players : 2048 - player structs
Ei : 12800 - enemy ints
Ef : 6400 - enemy floats
item : 32000 - item ints
itemf : 8000 - item floats
lifts : 5280 - lift structs
mLevel.l : 40000 - 100 x 100 tile level
mShot.p : 1200 - player's shots
mShot.e : 1200 - enemy's shots
pm_event : 4000 - events
---------:------
total :112928
Combining game state variables into 'state'
The game state variables are copied into a character array with memcpy.
This is so that they can be processed as a single chunk of data, rather than individually.
I refer to these large chunks of data as 'states'.
They contain the entire game state for a specific frame.
This is how data is put into a 'state', and how it is retrieved:
#define STATE_SIZE 112928
char state[STATE_SIZE];
game_vars_to_state(state) // put game variables into 'state'
state_to_game_vars(state) // get game variables from 'state'
void mwNetgame::game_vars_to_state(char * b)
{
int sz = 0, offset = 0;
offset += sz; sz = sizeof(mPlayer.syn); memcpy(b+offset, mPlayer.syn, sz);
offset += sz; sz = sizeof(mEnemy.Ei); memcpy(b+offset, mEnemy.Ei, sz);
offset += sz; sz = sizeof(mEnemy.Ef); memcpy(b+offset, mEnemy.Ef, sz);
offset += sz; sz = sizeof(mItem.item); memcpy(b+offset, mItem.item, sz);
offset += sz; sz = sizeof(mItem.itemf); memcpy(b+offset, mItem.itemf, sz);
offset += sz; sz = sizeof(mLift.cur); memcpy(b+offset, mLift.cur, sz);
offset += sz; sz = sizeof(mLevel.l); memcpy(b+offset, mLevel.l, sz);
offset += sz; sz = sizeof(mShot.p); memcpy(b+offset, mShot.p, sz);
offset += sz; sz = sizeof(mShot.e); memcpy(b+offset, mShot.e, sz);
offset += sz; sz = sizeof(mTriggerEvent.event); memcpy(b+offset, mTriggerEvent.event, sz);
}
void mwNetgame::state_to_game_vars(char * b)
{
int sz = 0, offset = 0;
sz = sizeof(mPlayer.syn); memcpy(mPlayer.syn, b+offset, sz); offset += sz;
sz = sizeof(mEnemy.Ei); memcpy(mEnemy.Ei, b+offset, sz); offset += sz;
sz = sizeof(mEnemy.Ef); memcpy(mEnemy.Ef, b+offset, sz); offset += sz;
sz = sizeof(mItem.item); memcpy(mItem.item, b+offset, sz); offset += sz;
sz = sizeof(mItem.itemf); memcpy(mItem.itemf, b+offset, sz); offset += sz;
sz = sizeof(mLift.cur); memcpy(mLift.cur, b+offset, sz); offset += sz;
sz = sizeof(mLevel.l); memcpy(mLevel.l, b+offset, sz); offset += sz;
sz = sizeof(mShot.p); memcpy(mShot.p, b+offset, sz); offset += sz;
sz = sizeof(mShot.e); memcpy(mShot.e, b+offset, sz); offset += sz;
sz = sizeof(mTriggerEvent.event); memcpy(mTriggerEvent.event, b+offset, sz); offset += sz;
}
'state' variables
Clients use 3 'state's and the server uses 16 (2 for each client).
#define STATE_SIZE 112928
// server's copies of client states
char srv_client_state[8][2][STATE_SIZE];
int srv_client_state_frame_num[8][2];
// local client's states
char client_state_buffer[STATE_SIZE]; // buffer for building compressed dif from packet pieces
int client_state_buffer_pieces[16]; // to mark packet pieces as received
char client_state_base[STATE_SIZE]; // last ack state
int client_state_base_frame_num; // last ack state frame_num
char client_state_dif[STATE_SIZE]; // uncompressed dif
int client_state_dif_src; // uncompressed dif src frame_num
int client_state_dif_dst; // uncompressed dif dst frame_num
State compression methods
States are quite large, (over 100K) so two methods of compression are used before sending them over the network.
I use the amazing compression library 'zlib' for this.
zlib is: (from their own documentation at zlib.net)
A Massively Spiffy Yet Delicately Unobtrusive Compression Library (Also Free, Not to Mention Unencumbered by Patents)
zlib alone will compress the 100K to approximately 6-8K.
Using a differential method before compressing with zlib results in approximately 500-1100 bytes.
The differential method
The differential method subtracts one state from another, resulting in a state that only contains differences between the the two.
Whenever the two states have the same value, the dif will have a zero. Only changed values are non-zero.
This results in a dif that is mostly zero's and compresses much better.
Most of the time, the dif is less than 1K and can be sent in a single packet.
This method requires that both the server and the client keep a common previous state that the dif can be applied to.
void mwNetgame::get_state_dif(char *a, char *b, char *c, int size)
{
for (int i=0; i < size; i++) c[i] = a[i] - b[i];
}
void mwNetgame::apply_state_dif(char *a, char *c, int size)
{
for (int i=0; i < size; i++) a[i] -= c[i];
}


--- layout: page title: About header-img: "img/about-bg.png" ---
Brooklyn based coding student with a love of tech, art, and cats!


DC analysis
This type of analysis makes it possible to sweep over one or more independent sources, assuming the circuit is in steady-state. You can for example construct DC transfer curves of amplifiers using this type of analysis. It is run using the DC class.
Let's consider the following circuit:
We wish to find the I-V curve for multiple Vgs voltages. This can be achieved by passing multiple SweepConfiguration-objects to the DC constructor.
The code looks as follows:
// Make the bipolar junction transistor
var nmos = new Mosfet1("M1") {Model = "example"};
nmos.Connect("d", "g", "0", "0");
var nmosmodel = new Mosfet1Model("example");
nmosmodel.SetParameter("kp", 150.0e-3);
// Build the circuit
var ckt = new Circuit(
new VoltageSource("Vgs", "g", "0", 0),
new VoltageSource("Vds", "d", "0", 0),
nmosmodel,
nmos
);
// Sweep the base current and vce voltage
var dc = new DC("DC 1", new[]
{
new SweepConfiguration("Vgs", 0, 3, 0.2),
new SweepConfiguration("Vds", 0, 5, 0.1),
});
// Export the collector current
var currentExport = new RealPropertyExport(dc, "M1", "id");
// Run the simulation
dc.ExportSimulationData += (sender, args) =>
{
var vgsVoltage = dc.Sweeps[0].CurrentValue;
var vdsVoltage = dc.Sweeps[1].CurrentValue;
var current = currentExport.Value;
};
dc.Run(ckt);
First we build our NMOS transistor M1. For this we need a Component implementation of a transistor, which we can connect to nodes in the circuit. Most components also need a Model in order to work. Models typically describe general common properties (eg. threshold voltage, transconducance gain, etc.) while components will typically describe behavior on an individual level (eg. width, length, device temperature, etc.).
In our case, Spice# provides us with a component that implements the model equations of a transistor, called Mosfet1, which is accompanied by a Mosfet1Model. This model is identical to Spice's mosfet LEVEL=1 model. Every component or model can have parameters, which can be set by using the method SetParameter. The parameter names for MOS level 1 are all specified in the parameter sets BaseParameters and ModelBaseParameters. Remember that these parameter sets extend other classes that also contain parameters! Use the API and the GitHub repository to your advantage to find out which parameters are supported. For most models, the names are identical to their Spice 3f5 counterparts.
After running and plotting the data we get:
If we wanted to implement the same simulation in the original Spice simulator, we would provide the following netlist:
NMOS biasing example
.MODEL example NMOS(Kp=150m)
M1 d g 0 0
Vgs g 0 0
Vds d 0 0
.DC Vds 0 5 0.1 Vgs 0 3 0.2
* Export voltages/currents/...
.END
This netlist would be parsed, executed, and the results are then written to a file which can then be processed. Spice# is a library, and you have access to the data during execution. For example, you could change parts of the simulation during runtime, you could automate designs, and you can freely choose during the simulation which data you want to use and ignore.


Guard Sirius:
Sigh...
What do you want? Well, speak up or go away!
"Why so grumpy?"
"Who is the lord of the manor and what is the tax rate?"
Quest


We did most of the heavy lifting for you to provide a default stylings that incorporate our custom components.
By utilizing elements and principles of Material Design, we were able to create a framework that focuses on User Experience.
We have provided detailed documentation as well as specific code examples to help new users get started.
We did most of the heavy lifting for you to provide a default stylings that incorporate our custom components.
By utilizing elements and principles of Material Design, we were able to create a framework that focuses on User Experience.
We have provided detailed documentation as well as specific code examples to help new users get started.
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