AIO_WRITE
Section: Linux Programmer's Manual (3)
Updated: 2012-05-08
Index
Return to Main Contents
NAME
aio_write - asynchronous write
SYNOPSIS
#include <aio.h>
int aio_write(struct aiocb *aiocbp);
Link with -lrt.
DESCRIPTION
The
aio_write()
function queues the I/O request described by the buffer pointed to by
aiocbp.
This function is the asynchronous analog of
write(2).
The arguments of the call
write(fd, buf, count)
correspond (in order) to the fields
aio_fildes,
aio_buf,
and
aio_nbytes
of the structure pointed to by
aiocbp.
(See
aio(7)
for a description of the
aiocb
structure.)
If
O_APPEND
is not set, the data is written starting at the
absolute file offset
aiocbp->aio_offset,
regardless of the current file offset.
If
O_APPEND
is set, data is written at the end of the file in the same order as
aio_write()
calls are made.
After the call, the value of the current file offset is unspecified.
The "asynchronous" means that this call returns as soon as the
request has been enqueued; the write may or may not have completed
when the call returns.
One tests for completion using
aio_error(3).
The return status of a completed I/O operation can be obtained
aio_return(3).
Asynchronous notification of I/O completion can be obtained by setting
aiocbp->aio_sigevent
appropriately; see
sigevent(7)
for details.
If
_POSIX_PRIORITIZED_IO
is defined, and this file supports it,
then the asynchronous operation is submitted at a priority equal
to that of the calling process minus
aiocbp->aio_reqprio.
The field
aiocbp->aio_lio_opcode
is ignored.
No data is written to a regular file beyond its maximum offset.
RETURN VALUE
On success, 0 is returned.
On error, the request is not enqueued, -1
is returned, and
errno
is set appropriately.
If an error is detected only later, it will
be reported via
aio_return(3)
(returns status -1) and
aio_error(3)
(error status---whatever one would have gotten in
errno,
such as
EBADF).
ERRORS
- EAGAIN
-
Out of resources.
- EBADF
-
aio_fildes
is not a valid file descriptor open for writing.
- EFBIG
-
The file is a regular file, we want to write at least one byte,
but the starting position is at or beyond the maximum offset for this file.
- EINVAL
-
One or more of
aio_offset,
aio_reqprio,
aio_nbytes
are invalid.
- ENOSYS
-
aio_write()
is not implemented.
VERSIONS
The
aio_write()
function is available since glibc 2.1.
CONFORMING TO
POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008.
NOTES
It is a good idea to zero out the control block before use.
The control block must not be changed while the write operation
is in progress.
The buffer area being written out
must not be accessed during the operation or undefined results may occur.
The memory areas involved must remain valid.
Simultaneous I/O operations specifying the same
aiocb
structure produce undefined results.
SEE ALSO
aio_cancel(3),
aio_error(3),
aio_fsync(3),
aio_read(3),
aio_return(3),
aio_suspend(3),
lio_listio(3),
aio(7)
Index
- NAME
-
- SYNOPSIS
-
- DESCRIPTION
-
- RETURN VALUE
-
- ERRORS
-
- VERSIONS
-
- CONFORMING TO
-
- NOTES
-
- SEE ALSO
-
This document was created by
man2html,
using the manual pages.
Time: 02:55:18 GMT, September 18, 2014


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I’ll sack officers living above their earnings — Customs CG
by The Eagle OnlineCol. Hameed Ali (rtd), the Comptroller-General of Nigeria Customs Service, says he will sack any officer who cannot live within his or her remuneration and involve in illicit ways to acquire wealth.
Ali gave the warning while decorating some newly promoted officers of the service in Abuja on Friday.
News Agency of Nigeria reports that the service recently promoted 2,508 officers to various ranks and appointed three as members of its management.
The customs boss warned that no officer in the service should live above his or her earnings if they desire to remain in service.
According to him, every officer could survive within the remuneration package of the service, if well managed.
“I will show the way out to any officer who thinks he cannot survive with his remuneration but involve in illicit ways to acquire wealth.
“I know the service gives you enough that you can survive with, it is just a question of prudence.
“You can never have everything you that you desire to acquire.
“You must prioritise your needs and by the time you do that, you will meet your needs,” he advised.
Ali charged the newly promoted officers to be more committed and dedicated to their duties.
He advised them to take their jobs seriously, be fair and firm in ther decisions and actions.
Ali enjoined the promoted officers to uphold the change mantra in the service and be part of the reform being carried out.
David Chikan, Deputy Comptroller-General, who spoke on behalf of the promoted officers thanked the management for their elevations.
Chikan assured that they would justify the confidence reposed in them.
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---
layout: post
title: Caviar Nail Art with MUA Nail Constellation
tags:
- Caviar
- Make Up Academy
- Make Up Academy(MUA)
- MUA
- Nail Art
- O.P.I.
- Pink
status: publish
type: post
published: true
meta:
_yoast_wpseo_linkdex: '90'
_edit_last: '2'
_yoast_wpseo_focuskw: Caviar Nail Art
_yoast_wpseo_title: ''
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Caviar Nail Art
Steps:
- Paint your nails with a base coat, or a single coat of desired color and let it dry,
- Apply a thicker second coat,
- Pour the beads over the nail, press slightly,
- Once dried top it with a thick layer of top coat to seal the beads
Its very necessary to seal the beads with a top coat, else they shed insanely. In fact I would say if you have kids at home these can be slightly dangerous since you never know what they pick up in their mouth. Be cautious.
O.P.I. Kiss me on my tulips is a beautiful pink, which dries up instantly and MUA Nail Constellation is a very affordable nail bead collection. If you love nail art then there should be no stopping you... go ahead and give it a try. Just be a little careful... these beads shed crazily so wont be able to survive household work.
But its still fun... did you like the Caviar Nail Art ?


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Learning new things and sharing that knowledge with others is something that I really enjoy. These posts are a vehicle in which to share things that I have learned with anyone that is interested. I hope that you find these posts insightful and engaging.


Data Tables Wizardry
01 Sep 2014In this post I'm sharing the slides of a workshop I had the pleasure to give this summer: Manipulating Data Tables with R. Hopefully, this material will give you a jump-start to improve your data wizardry skills.
Data Summer
This summer has been one of the busiest summers I've ever had. Among many other projects and commitments, I had the pleasure to give a workshop about Manipulating Data Tables with R.
It's hard to know in advance whether people will be engaged when giving a talk, or a course —specially when the participants form a unique audience coming from different fields and with very heterogenous backgrounds. However, I was amazed to see the great enthusiasm and involvement showed by all the participants. At the end, I decided to talk to the workshop organizers about an issue that was left out of the contract: "Would you agree to let me release the slides and make them publicly available?" I was very happy when they gladly accepted my proposal with no strings attached.
I'm also taking advantage of this period of the year when summer vacations are almost over and students are getting ready to go back to school. For those padawans pursuing a career with a heavy analytics component, I'm convinced that these slides will help them build some of the required skills to crunch data in R.
Outline
The material of the slides cover most of the common topics for working with data tables:
- Reading and Creating Data Frames
- Retrieving Contents
- Modifying Data Frames
- Some Advanced Manipulations
- Applying Functions to Data Elements
- Basics of Package "plyr"
As I always tell the audience during my trainings, tutorials and workshops: there are 3 things you should do to become proficient when learning a new skill: 1) practice, 2) practice, and 3) practice.
Other Resources
Keep in mind that these slides are no substitute for checking other resources like the following excellent books:
- Data Manipulation with R (by Phil Spector)
- The Art of R Programming (by Norman Matloff)
- R Cookbook (by Paul Teetor)
- R in a Nutshell (by Joseph Adler)
- Advanced R (by Hadley Wickham)
And in French:
- R L'essentiel (by Joseph Adler)
- Le Logiciel R (by P. Lafaye, R. Drouilhet, and B. Liquet)


Actor. Full Stack Developer. Staged Combat Enthusiast. Rock Climber. Runner. Professional.
I live in Baltimore with a few roommates and my cat, Smallcat, whom I rescued from the street behind our house. I grew up in Delaware before attending Loyola University Maryland. I lived briefly in Harrisburg after graduation before moving back to Charm City.
I have been nominated by The Bad Oracle for this year's B.U.L.L.S.H.I.T. Awards! I am personally up for Best Supporting Actor in a Comedy for my portrayal of Marcel C'est La Vie in "Thirteen Dead Husbands." Cohesion Theatre Company and "The Mesmeric Revelations of Edgar Allan Poe" are both nominated for a number of awards as well.


Contact (1997) NO STARS out of ***** - Cast: Jodie Foster, Matthew McConaughey, James Woods, Tom Skerritt, Angela Bassett, John Hurt, Rob Lowe, David Morse. Written by: James V. Hart and Michael Goldenberg. Based on the novel by: Carl Sagan. Directed by: Robert Zemeckis. Running Time: 150 minutes.
Hollywood, and specifically Robert Zemeckis, has given me a cure for insomnia which will never fail to work. "Contact" is just about the most painfully slow, dull, and lifeless film I have ever had the misfortune to sit through in a movie theater.
Now, as I have been reading the advance reviews for "Contact" it seems that my opinion here is going to be in the minority. I've read statements like "It's one of the best films of the decade" and "Hollywood has finally come close to perfection". So I feel as though I'll need to over-justify many of my comments.
First off, I am all for long movies, just as long as it's a good movie. If a film can maintain it's level of entertainment, it can go on forever as far as I'm concerned. So when I say that "Contact" is way too long, which it most certainly is, don't dismiss it as that I just hate long movies.
Second, there doesn't have to be action or mayhem going on in a film for it to entertainment. I'm not a brainless drooler who's only entertained by stuff blowed up real good. Some of my favorite films are dramas, with very little going on in them. But they have a compelling story and characters who are interesting, unlike "Contact".
"Contact" is all about listening for radio signals from outer space for signs of intelligent life. Sounds exciting doesn't it? The opening shot of the film, a very lengthy pullback through the universe, shows us how far our own radio and television signals are able to reach. But this goes on WAY too long, and sets the stage for the film's utter boredom.
In the first 45 minutes, not much happens. You'd think that this would the time where characters are developed, but not so. There just really isn't anything going on. Astronomer Jodie Foster meets up with hunky Matthew McConaughey and the two immediately jump into bed together. This is character development?
Then, a signal is received from outer space. Finally, something interesting. But amazingly, the scene is so dull, and done with a total lack of energy that who would care? Foster discovers this signal, and then for ten minutes babbles nothing but complex scientific jargon about it to her co-scientists which left me completely lost. What exactly is going on? Take some advanced science classes and maybe you too can understand.
>From that point on, I was pretty much looking around the theater for something else to look at. So to go into the details about the remainder of the film would be impossible to do, since it never got more interesting than the theater ceiling. I do know that James Woods and David Morse are completely wasted in very small roles. Robert Zemeckis, please don't follow the path which you are on. Joel Schumacher awaits you at it's end. [PG]
-- Chuck Dowling
Visit Chuck's Movie Reviews at http://users.southeast.net/~chuckd21/ Over 1,600 movies rated and/or reviewed! Movie news, film related links, and reader's reviews.
The review above was posted to the
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Prizes
Grand Prize
Grand Champion
Awarded to the best darned game we could find.
- The Grand Prize: an all expense paid trip to San Francisco for GDC 2013!
- Get the red carpet treatment! Roundtrip airfare, 7 nights of hotel accommodations in San Francisco, two All Access Passes to GDC 2013 -- which includes entry to the Independent Games Summit at Games Developers Conference -- and more
- Dinner with EA's award-winning game developer Michael John
- A tour of Mozilla's headquarters in Mountain View and lunch with the Mozilla games team
- A Nvidia GeForce GTX690
Category Prizes
{% for cat in categories %}Best {{ cat.name[:-1] }}
{% if cat.awarded_for %} {{ cat.awarded_for|safe }} {% else %} {{ cat.description|safe }} {% endif %}
All category winners will get a Nvidia GeForce GTX670


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Corvidae Software
GLCameraInfo for Android
Release Notes:
v1.0.0
- Original release
v1.1.0
- Correct handling of Camera2 Level Three support (ie Pixel 3 device)
- Sensor Exposure Time values now in milliSeconds


STATS | A long history of Springboks v British Lions rivalry
Cape Town - The British & Irish Lions' 2021 tour to South Africa will be the 14th such journey for the combined England, Scoland, Wales and Ireland side to these shores.
In the 13 previous tours - the first of which took place in 1891 and the most recent in 2009 - the British Lions have emerged victorious on four occasions, with the 1955 visit ending in a tie.
In total, 46 matches have been played between the sides, with the British Lions winners in 17 of those clashes. South Africa has claimed victory on 23 occasions, with six matches ending in a stalemate.
The 2021 tour will feature three Tests at venues due to be confirmed on Wednesday, November 27, 2019.
The British Lions are also expected to play the four South African Super Rugby franchises as well as a match against an invitational side.
History | British & Irish Lions in SA:
1891: British & Irish Lions won 3-0
1896: British & Irish Lions won 3-1
1903: South Africa won 1-0
1910: South Africa won 2-1
1924: South Africa won 3-0 (one Test drawn)
1938: South Africa won 2-1
1955: Series tied 2-2
1962: South Africa won 3-0 (one Test drawn)
1968: South Africa won 3-0 (one Test drawn)
1974: British & Irish Lions won 3-0 (one Test drawn)
1980: South Africa won 3-1
1997: British & Irish Lions won 2-1
2009: South Africa won 2-1
2021: ?
- Compiled by Garrin Lambley


eplusr provides parsing EnergyPlus Input Data File (IDF) files and strings in a hierarchical structure, which was extremely inspired by OpenStudio utilities library, but with total different data structure under the hook.
eplusr uses Idf
class to present the whole IDF file and use IdfObject
to present a single object in IDF. Both Idf
and IdfObject contain member
functions for helping modify the data in IDF so it complies with the
underlying IDD (EnergyPlus Input Data Dictionary).
Under the hook, eplusr uses a SQL-like structure to store both IDF and IDD
data in different data.table::data.tables. So to modify an EnergyPlus model
in eplusr is equal to change the data in those IDF tables accordingly, in the
context of specific IDD data. This means that a corresponding Idd object is
needed whenever creating an Idf
object. eplusr provides several
helpers to easily download IDD files and create Idd objects.
All IDF reading process starts with function read_idf()
which returns an
Idf
object. Idf
class provides lots of methods to programmatically query
and modify EnergyPlus models. Below is the detailed documentation on each
method.
model <- read_idf(path) model$version() model$path() model$group_name(all = FALSE, sorted = TRUE) model$class_name(all = FALSE, sorted = TRUE) model$is_valid_group(group, all = FALSE) model$is_valid_class(class, all = FALSE) model$definition(class) model$object_id(class = NULL, simplify = FALSE) model$object_name(class = NULL, simplify = FALSE) model$is_valid_id(id) model$is_valid_name(name) model$object_num(class = NULL) model$object(which) model$object_unique(class) model$objects(which) model$objects_in_class(class) model$objects_in_group(group) model$object_relation(which, direction = c("all", "ref_to", "ref_by"), recursive = FALSE) model$objects_in_relation(which, direction = c("ref_to", "ref_by"), class = NULL, recursive = FALSE) model$search_object(pattern, class = NULL, ignore.case = FALSE, perl = FALSE, fixed = FALSE, useBytes = FALSE) model$ClassName model[[ClassName]] model$dup(...) model$add(..., .default = TRUE, .all = FALSE) model$set(..., .default = TRUE) model$del(..., .ref_by = FALSE, .ref_to = FALSE, .recursive = FALSE, .force = FALSE) model$insert(..., .unique = TRUE) model$load(..., .unique = TRUE, .default = TRUE) model$update(..., .default = TRUE) model$rename(...) model$paste(in_ip = FALSE, ver = NULL, unique = TRUE) model$search_value(pattern, class = NULL, ignore.case = FALSE, perl = FALSE, fixed = FALSE, useBytes = FALSE) model$replace_value(pattern, class = NULL, replacement, ignore.case = FALSE, perl = FALSE, fixed = FALSE, useBytes = FALSE) model$is_unsaved() model$validate(level = eplusr_option("validate_level")) model$is_valid(level = eplusr_option("validate_level")) model$to_table(which = NULL, class = NULL, string_value = TRUE, unit = FALSE, wide = FALSE) model$to_string(which = NULL, class = NULL, comment = TRUE, header = TRUE, format = eplusr_option("save_format"), leading = 4L, sep_at = 29L) model$save(path = NULL, format = eplusr_option("save_format"), overwrite = FALSE, copy_external = TRUE) model$run(weather = NULL, dir = NULL, wait = TRUE, force = FALSE, copy_external = FALSE) model$clone(deep = TRUE) model$print(zoom = c("object", "class", "group", "field"), order = TRUE) print(model)
model <- read_idf(path) model$version() model$path() model$group_name(all = FALSE, sorted = TRUE) model$class_name(all = FALSE, sorted = TRUE) model$is_valid_group(group, all = FALSE) model$is_valid_class(class, all = FALSE)
$version()
returns the version of current model in a
numeric_version format. This makes it easy to
direction compare versions of different model, e.g. model1$version() > 8.6
or model1$version() > model2$version()
.
$path()
returns the full path of current model or NULL
if the Idf
object is created using a character vector and not saved locally.
$group_name()
returns all groups the model contains when all
is FALSE
or all groups the underlying Idd object contains when all
is TRUE
.
$class_name()
returns all classes the model contains when all
is FALSE
or all classes the underlying Idd object contains when all
is TRUE
.
$is_valid_group()
returns TRUE
s if given group names are valid for
current model (when all
is FALSE
) or current underlying Idd object
(when all
is TRUE
).
$is_valid_class()
returns TRUE
s if given class names are valid for
current model (when all
is FALSE
) or underlying Idd object (when all
is TRUE
).
Arguments:
path
: Either a path, a connection, or literal data (either a single
string or a raw vector) to an EnergyPlus Input Data File (IDF).
all
: If FALSE
, only values in current Idf
object will be returned. If
TRUE
, all values in the underlying Idd will be returned. For
$is_valid_group()
and $is_valid_class()
, all
equals to TRUE
means
that input group or class names are checked in all existing ones in the
underlying Idd object. Default: FALSE
.
sorted
: Only applicable when all
is FALSE
. If TRUE
, duplications in
returned group or class names are removed, and unique names are further
sorted according to their occurrences in the underlying Idd object.
Default: TRUE
.
group
: A character vector of valid group names.
class
: A character vector of valid class names.
model$definition(class)
$definition()
returns an IddObject of given class. IddObject contains
all data used for parsing and creating an IdfObject. For details, please
see IddObject class.
Arguments:
class
: A single string of valid class name in current IDD.
model$object_id(class = NULL, simplify = FALSE) model$is_valid_id(id) model$object_name(class = NULL, simplify = FALSE) model$is_valid_name(name) model$object_num(class = NULL)
$object_id()
returns an integer vector (when simplify
is TRUE
) or a
named list (when simplify
is FALSE
) of all object IDs in specified
classes. The returned list is named using specified class names.
$object_name()
returns a character vector (when simplify
is TRUE
) or a
named list (when simplify
is FALSE
) of all object names in specified
classes. The returned list is named using specified class names.
$is_valid_id()
and $is_valid_name()
returns a logical vector whether the
given integer vector or character vector contains valid object IDs or names
respectively. Note that for $is_valid_name()
, object name matching is
case-insensitive.
$object_num()
returns an integer vector of object numbers in specified
classes.
Arguments:
id
: An integer vector to check.
name
: A character vector to check.
class
: A character vector that contains valid class names. If NULL
, all
classes in current Idf
object are used. Default: NULL
.
simplify
: If TRUE
, an integer vector (for $object_id()
) or a
character vector (for $object_name
()) is returned. If FALSE
, a list
with each element being the data per class is returned. If class
is
NULL
, the order of classes returned is the same as that in the underlying
Idd object. Default: FALSE
.
model$object_relation(which, direction = c("all", "ref_to", "ref_by"), recursive = TRUE)
Many fields in Idd can be referred by others. For example, the Outside Layer
and other fields in Construction
class refer to the Name
field
in Material
class and other material related classes. Here it means that
the Outside Layer
field refers to the Name
field and the Name
field
is referred by the Outside Layer
.
$object_relation()
provides a simple interface to get this kind of
relation. It takes a single object ID or name and also a relation direction,
and returns an IdfRelation
object which contains data presenting such
relation above. For instance, if model$object_relation("WALL-1", "ref_to")
gives results below:
-- Refer to Others ------------------------ Class: <Construction> \- Object [ID:2] <WALL-1> \- 2: "WD01"; !- Outside Layer v~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ \- Class: <Material> \- Object [ID:1] <WD01> \- 1: "WD01"; !- Name
This means that the value "WD01"
of Outside Layer
in a construction named
WALL-1
refers to a material named WD01
. All those objects can be further
easily extracted using $objects_in_relation()
method described below.
Arguments:
which
: Either a single integer of object ID or a string of object name.
direciton
: The relation direction to extract. Should be either "all"
,
"ref_to"
or "ref_by".
recursive
: If TRUE
, the relation is searched recursively. A simple
example of recursive reference: one material named mat
is referred by a
construction named const
, and const
is also referred by a surface named
surf
.
model$object(which) model$objects(which) model$object_unique(class) model$objects_in_class(class) model$objects_in_group(group) model$objects_in_relation(which, direction = c("ref_to", "ref_by"), class = NULL, recursive = FALSE) model$search_object(pattern, class = NULL, ignore.case = FALSE, perl = FALSE, fixed = FALSE, useBytes = FALSE) model$ClassName model[[ClassName]]
$object()
returns an IdfObject specified by an object ID or name. Note
that unlike object ID, which is always unique across the whole Idf
object,
sometimes different objects can have the same name. If the name given matches
multiple objects, an error is issued showing what objects are matched by the
same name. This behavior is consistent in all methods that take an object
name(s) as input.
$object_unique()
returns the IdfObject in unique-object class, e.g.
SimulationControl
class. This makes it easy to directly extract and modify
those unique objects, e.g.
model$object_unique("SimulationContrl")$set(...)
. Note that if there are
multiple objects in that unique-object class, an error is issued. This makes
sure that $object_unique()
always returns a single IdfObject.
$objects()
returns a named list of IdfObjects specified by object IDs
or names.
$objects_in_class()
returns a named list of all IdfObjects in
specified class.
$objects_in_group()
returns a named list of all IdfObjects in
specified group.
$objects_in_relation()
returns a named list of IdfObjects that have
specified relations with given object. The first element of returned list is
always the IdfObject of specified object. If that object does not have
specified relation with other objects in specified class
, a list that only
contains that IdfObject is returned. For instance, assume that const
is a
valid object name in Construction
class,
model$objects_in_relation("const", "ref_by", "BuildingSurface:Detailed")
will return a named list of an IdfObject named const
and also all other
IdfObjects in BuildingSurface:Detailed
that refer to field values in
const
. Similarly, model$objects_in_relation("const", "ref_to", "Material")
will return a named list of an IdfObject named const
and also all other
IdfObjects in Material
class that const
refers to. This makes it easy
to directly extract groups of related objects and then use $insert()
method
described below to insert them. For example, copy a construction named
const
from an Idf
object model1
to another Idf
object model2
is
simply to do model2$insert(model1$objects_in_relation("const", "ref_to"))
.
There are lots of recursive references in a model. For instance, a material
can be referred by a construction, that construction can be referred by a
building surface, and that building surface can be referred by a window on
that surface. These objects related recursively can be extracted by setting
recursive
to TRUE
.
$search_object()
returns a named list of IdfObjects whose names meet
the given pattern in specified classes.
eplusr also provides custom S3 method of $
and [[
to make it more
convenient to get IdfObjects in specified class. Basically, model$ClassName
and
model[[ClassName]]
, where ClassName
is a single valid class name, is
equivalent to model$objects_in_class(ClassName)
if ClassName
is not an
unique-object class and model$object_unique(ClassName)
if ClassName
is an
unique-object class. For convenience, underscore-style names are allowed, e.g.
BuildingSurface_Detailed
is equivalent to BuildingSurface:Detailed
. For
instance, model$BuildingSurface_Detailed
and also
model[["BuildingSurface:Detailed"]]
will return all IdfObjects in
BuildingSurface:Detailed
class; model$Building
and also
model[["Building"]]
will return the IdfObject in Building
class which
is an unique-object class.
Note: The returned list from $objects()
, $objects_in_class()
and
other methods is named using the names of returned IdfObjects in that list.
This will makes it easy to using object name to do further subsetting, e.g.
model$objects_in_class("Material")$mat
will return an IdfObject named
mat
in Material
class, and model$objects_in_class("Material")[[1]]
will
return the first material in model
. If returned IdfObjects belongs to a
class that does not have name attribute, such like Version
,
SimulationControl
and etc., NA
is assigned as the name.
IdfObject class provides more detailed methods to modify a single object in
an Idf
. For detailed explanations, please see IdfObject class.
Arguments:
which
: A single object ID or name for $object()
and
$objects_in_relation()
; an integer vector of object IDs or a character
vector of object names for $objects()
.
class
: A single string of class name for $object_unique()
and
$objects_in_class()
; a character vector of class names for
$objects_in_relation()
and $search_object()
.
group
: A single string of group name.
pattern
, ignore.case
, perl
, fixed
and useBytes
: All of them are
directly passed to base::grepl.
ClassName
: A single string of class name. For [[
, ClassName
can
be an underscore-style class name, where all characters other than letters
and numbers are replaced by underscores _
.
direciton
: The relation direction to extract. Should be either "ref_to"
or "ref_by".
recursive
: If TRUE
, the relation is searched recursively, e.g. one
material named mat
is referred by a construction named const
, and
const
is also referred by a surface named surf
, all mat
, const
and
surf
are returned.
ignore.case
, perl
, fixed
and useBytes
: All are directly passed to
base::grepl.
model$dup(...)
$dup()
takes integer vectors of object IDs and character vectors of object
names, duplicates objects specified, and returns a list of newly created
IdfObjects. The names of input are used as new names for created
IdfObjects. If input is not named, new names are the names of duplicated
objects with a suffix "_1"
, "_2"
and etc, depending on how many times
that object has been duplicated. Note an error will be issued if trying to
assign a new name to an object which does not have name attribute.
Note:
Assign newly added objects with an existing name in current Idf
object is
prohibited if current validation level includes object name conflicting
checking. For details, please see level_checks()
.
...
: Integer vectors of object IDs and character vectors of valid
object names. If input has names, they will be used as the names of newly
created objects.
Without new names: model$dup(c("name1", "name2"), 6:10)
.
With new names: model$dup(c(new_name1 = "name1", new_name2 = "name2"), new_name3 = 6)
.
Variable inputs: a <- c("name1", new_name2 = "name2"); b <- 10:20; c <- c(new_name3 = 10); model$dup(a, b, c)
.
model$add(..., .default = TRUE, .all = FALSE)
$add()
takes object definitions in list format, adds corresponding
objects in specified classes, returns a list of newly added IdfObjects.
Every list should be named with a valid class name. Underscore-style class
name is allowed. Names in list element are treated as field names. Values
without names will be inserted according to their position. There is a
special element named .comment
in each list, which will be used as the
comments of newly added object.
Note:
Empty objects can be added using an empty list, e.g. model$add(building = list())
. All empty fields will be filled with corresponding default value
if .default
is TRUE
, leaving other fields as blank. However, adding
blank objects may not be successful if required fields are not valued and
current validate level includes missing-required-field checking. For what
kind of validation components to be performed during modifications, please
see level_checks()
.
Field name matching is case-insensitive. For convenience,
underscore-style field names are also allowed, e.g. eNd_MoNtH
is
equivalent to End Month
.
There is no need to give all field values if only specific fields are
interested, unless other fields are not required. For example, to define a
new object in RunPeriod
class, the following is enough:
model$add(RunPeriod = list(begin_month = 1, begin_day_of_month = 1, end_month = 1, end_day_of_month = 31), .default = TRUE)
.
If not all field names are given, positions of those values without field
names are determined after those values with names. E.g. in
model$add(Construction = list("out_layer", name = "name"))
, "out_layer"
will be treated as the value of field Outside Layer
in Construction
class, as value of field Name
has been given as "name"
.
...
: Lists of object definitions. Each list should be named with a valid
class name. There is a special element .comment
in each list, which will
be used as the comments of newly added object.
.default
: If TRUE
, default values are used for those blank fields if
possible. If FALSE
, each required field in input object must have one
value. Otherwise, an error will be issued during validation. Default:
TRUE
.
.all
: If TRUE
, all fields are added, otherwise only minimum fields are
added. Default: FALSE
.
Empty object with default values: model$add(Building = list(), .default = TRUE)
.
Empty object with comments: model$add(Building = list(.comment = c("This", "is", "a", "comment")))
.
Empty object with all fields: model$add(Building = list(), .all = TRUE)
.
New objects: model$add(RunPeriod = list("rp", 1, 1, end_month = 2, 1, "Monday"), list(Construction = list("const", "mat"), Material = list("mat")))
.
New objects with comments: model$add(RunPeriod = list("rp", 1, 1, 2, 1, .comment = "comment1"))
.
Variable inputs: x <- list(Construction = list("const"), Building = list()); model$add(x)
.
model$set(..., .default = TRUE)
$set()
takes new field value definitions in list format, sets new
values for fields in objects specified, and returns a list of modified
IdfObjects. Every list in $set()
should be named with a
valid object name. Object ID can also be used but have to be combined with
prevailing two periods ..
, e.g. ..10
indicates the object with ID 10
.
Similar to $add()
, a special element .comment
in each list will be used
as the new comments for modified object, overwriting the old ones. Names
in list element are treated as field names.
Note:
You can delete a field by assigning NULL
to it, e.g. list(fld = NULL)
means to delete the value of field fld
. If .default
is FALSE,
also fld
is not a required field and the index of fld
is larger than
the number minimum fields required for that class, it will be deleted.
Otherwise it will be left as blank. If .default
is TRUE
, that field
will be filled with default value if applicable and left as blank if not.
New fields that currently do not exist in that object can also be set. They will be automatically added on the fly.
Field name matching is case-insensitive. For convenience,
underscore-style field names are also allowed, e.g. eNd_MoNtH
is
equivalent to End Month
.
If not all field names are given, positions of those values without field
names are determined after those values with names. E.g. in
model$set(Construction = list("out_layer", name = "name"))
, "out_layer"
will be treated as the value of field Outside Layer
in Construction
, as
value of field Name
has been given as "name"
.
...
: Lists of object definitions. Each list should be named with a valid
object name or a valid object ID denoted in style ..1
, ..2
and etc.
There is a special element .comment
in each list, which will be used as
new comments of modified object, overwriting existing ones.
.default
: If TRUE
, default values are used for those blank fields if
possible. Default: TRUE
.
Specify object with name: model$set(Object_Name = list(val1, val2, val3))
.
Specify object with ID: model$set(..8 = list(val1))
.
Overwrite existing object comments: model$set(..8 = list(.comment = c("new", "comment")))
.
Delete field value: model$set(Object_Name = list(Field_1 = NULL), .default = FALSE)
.
Assign default field value: model$set(Object_Name = list(Field_1 = NULL), .default = TRUE)
.
Variable input: a <- list(Object_Name = list(Field_1 = val1)); model$set(a, .default = TRUE)
.
Set all values of field fld
in a class cls
:
ids <- model$object_id("cls", simplify = TRUE) val <- rep(list(list(fld = val)), times = length(ids)) names(val) <- paste0("..", ids) model$set(val)
model$del(..., .ref_by = FALSE, .ref_to = FALSE, .recursive = FALSE, .force = FALSE)
$del()
takes integer vectors of object IDs and character vectors of object
names, and deletes objects specified. If .ref_by
is TRUE
, objects
whose fields refer to input objects will also be deleted. IF .ref_to
is
TRUE
, objects whose fields are referred by input objects will also be
deleted.
Note:
If current validate level includes reference checking,
objects will not be allowed to be deleted if they are referred by other
objects. For example, an error will be issued if you want to delete one
material that is referred by other constructions, because doing so will
result in invalid field value references. You may bypass this if you really
want to by setting .force
to TRUE
.
When .ref_by
or .ref_to
is TRUE
, objects are only deleted when they
only have relation with input objects. For example, a construction const
consist of 4 different materials. If .ref_to
is TRUE
, that 4 materials
will only be deleted when they are only used in const
, but not used in
any other objects.
There are recursively reference relations in Idf
object. For example, one
material's name is referenced by one construction, and that construction's
name can be referred by another surface. You can delete all of them by
setting .recursive
to TRUE
.
.ref_by
: If TRUE
, objects whose fields refer to input objects will
also be deleted. Default: FALSE
.
.ref_to
: If TRUE
, objects whose fields are referred by input objects
will also be deleted. Default: FALSE
.
.recursive
: If TRUE
, relation searching is performed recursively, in
case that objects whose fields refer to target object are also referred by
another object, and also objects whose fields are referred by target object
are also referred by another object. Default: FALSE
.
.force
: If TRUE
, objects are deleted even if they are referred by other
objects.
Specify object with name: model$del("Object_Name1", "Object_Name2")
.
Specify object with ID: model$del(1, 2, 10)
.
Delete objects even they are referred by other objects: model$del(1:5, .force = TRUE)
Delete objects and also other objects that refer to them: model$del(2, "Object_Name1", .ref_by = TRUE)
Delete objects and also other objects that refer to them recursively:
model$del(1:5, .ref_by = TRUE, .recursive = TRUE)
Delete objects and also other objects that input objects refer to: model$del(1:5, .ref_to = TRUE)
Variable input: x <- c("Object_Name1", "Object_Name2"); y <- c(1:5); model$del(x, y)
.
model$rename(...)
$rename()
takes named character vectors of object names and named integer
vectors of object IDs, renames specified object to names of input vectors and
returns a list of renamed IdfObjects. An error will be issued if trying to
"rename" an object which does not have name attribute.
Argument:
...
: Integer vectors of valid object IDs and character vectors of valid
object names. Each element should be named. That name is used at the new
object name.
Rename objects: model$rename(c(new_name1 = "name1", new_name2 = "name2"), new_name3 = 6)
.
Variable inputs: a <- c(new_name1 = "name1", new_name2 = "name2"); b <- c(new_name3 = 10); model$rename(a, b)
.
model$insert(..., .unique = TRUE)
$insert()
takes IdfObjects or lists of IdfObjects as input, inserts
them into current Idf, and returns a list of inserted IdfObjects.
Note:
You cannot insert an IdfObject which comes from a different version than
current Idf
object.
If input IdfObject has the same name as one IdfObject in current Idf
object but field values are not equal, an error may be issued if current
validation level includes conflicted-name checking. For what kind of
validation components to be performed during modifications, please see
level_checks()
.
.unique
: If there are duplications in input IdfObjects or there is same
object in current Idf
object, duplications in input are removed. Default:
TRUE
.
Insert objects without new names: model1$insert(model2$Material)
.
Insert an object without new name: model1$insert(my_material = model2$Material[[1]])
.
Insert objects but keep duplications: model1$insert(model1$Output_Variable)
.
Variable input: mat <- model2$Material; names(mat) <- c("mat1", "mat2"); model1$insert(mat)
.
model$load(..., .unique = TRUE, .default = TRUE)
$load()
is similar to $insert()
except it takes directly character
vectors or data.frames of IdfObject definitions, insert corresponding
objects into current Idf
object and returns a list of newly added
IdfObjects. This makes it easy to create objects using the output from
$to_string()
and $to_table
method from Idd, IddObject, also
Idf and IdfObject class.
For object definitions in character vector format, they follow the same rules
as normal IDF file. Each object starts with a class name and a comma (,
),
separates each values with a comma (,
) and ends with a semicolon (;
).
Noted that you can also provide headers to indicate if input objects are
presented in IP units, using !-Option ViewInIPunits
. If this header does
not exist, then all values are treated as in SI units.
For object definitions in data.frame format, it is highly recommended to use
$to_table()
method in Idd, IddObject, Idf
and IdfObject class. A
valid definition requires at least three columns described below. Note that
column order does not matter.
class
: Mandatory. Character type. Valid class names in the underlying
Idd object. You can get all valid class names using
use_idd(model$version())$class_name()
index
: Mandatory. Integer type. Valid field indexes for each class.
value
: Mandatory. Character type or list type. The value of each field
to be added.
If value
is a character column, usually when string_value
is TRUE
in method $to_table()
in Idf
and IdfObject class. Each value should
be given as a string even if the corresponding field is a numeric type.
If value
is a list column, usually when string_value
is set to
FALSE
in method $to_table()
in Idf
and IdfObject class. Each value
should have the right type as the corresponding field definition.
Otherwise, errors will be issued during if current validation level
includes invalid-type checking. For what kind of validation components to
be performed during modifications, please see level_checks()
.
id
: Optional. Integer type. If input data.frame includes multiple
object definitions in a same class, the value in id
will be used to
distinguish each definition. If id
column does not exists, it assumes
that each definition is separated by class
column and will issue an error
if there is any duplication in the index
column.
$load()
assume all definitions are from the same version as current Idf
object. If input definition is from different version, parsing error may
occur.
...
: Character vectors or data.frames of object definitions For details,
see above.
.unique
: If there are duplications in input IdfObjects or there is same
object in current Idf, duplications in input are removed. Default: TRUE
.
.default
: If TRUE
, default values are used for those blank fields if
possible. Default: TRUE
.
Load objects from string definitions:
model$load(c( "Material,", " mat, !- Name", " MediumSmooth, !- Roughness", " 0.667, !- Thickness {m}", " 0.115, !- Conductivity {W/m-K}", " 513, !- Density {kg/m3}", " 1381; !- Specific Heat {J/kg-K}", "Construction, const, mat; " ))
Load objects from data.frame definitions:
dt <- model1$to_table(class = "Material") dt[field == "thickness", value := "0.5"] model$load(dt)
model$update(..., .unique = TRUE, .default = TRUE)
$update()
is similar to $load()
except it update field values. This
makes it easy to update object values using the output from $to_string()
and $to_table
method from Idd, IddObject, also Idf and IdfObject
class.
For object definitions in character vector format, object names are used to
locate which objects to update. Objects that have name attribute should have
valid names. This means that there is no way to update object names using
character vector format, but it can be achieved using data.frame format as it
uses object IDs instead of object names to locate objects.
For object definitions in data.frame format, it is highly recommended to use
$to_table()
method in Idd, IddObject, Idf
and IdfObject class. A
valid definition requires four columns described below. Note that
column order does not matter.
id
: Integer type. The value in id
should be valid object IDs for current
Idf
.
class
: Character type. Valid class names for current Idf
.
index
: Integer type. Valid field indexes for each class. If input field
does not exist in specified object, it will be added on the fly.
value
: Character type or list type. The value of each field
to be added.
If value
is a character column, usually when string_value
is TRUE
in method $to_table()
in Idf
and IdfObject class. Each value should
be given as a string even if the corresponding field is a numeric type.
If value
is a list column, usually when string_value
is set to
FALSE
in method $to_table()
in Idf
and IdfObject class. Each value
should have the right type as the corresponding field definition.
Otherwise, errors will be issued during if current validation level
includes invalid-type checking. For what kind of validation components to
be performed during modifications, please see level_checks()
.
$update()
assume all definitions are from the same version as current
Idf
object. If input definition is from different version, parsing error
may occur.
...
: Character vectors or data.frames of object definitions For details,
see above.
.default
: If TRUE
, default values are used for those blank fields if
possible. Default: TRUE
.
Update objects from string definitions:
str <- model$Material[[1]]$to_string() str[4] <- "0.8" model$update(str)
Update objects from data.frame definitions:
dt <- model1$to_table(class = "Material") dt[field == "thickness", value := "0.5"] model$update(dt)
model$paste(in_ip = FALSE, ver = NULL, unique = TRUE)
$paste()
reads the contents (from clipboard) of copied objects from IDF
Editor (after hitting Copy Obj
button), parses it and inserts corresponding
objects into current Idf. As IDF Editor only available on Windows platform,
$paste()
only works on Windows too.
Note:
There is no version data copied to the clipboard when copying objects in
IDF Editor. It is possible that IDF Editor opens an IDF with different
version than current IDF. Please check the version before running
$paste()
, or explicitly specify the version of file opened by IDF Editor
using ver
parameter. Parsing error may occur if there is a version
mismatch.
in_ip
: Set to TRUE
if the IDF file is open with Inch-Pound
view option toggled. Numeric values will automatically converted to SI
units if necessary. Default: FALSE
.
ver
: The version of IDF file opened by IDF Editor, e.g. 8.6, "8.8.0". If
NULL
, assume that the file has the same version as current Idf object.
Default: NULL
.
unique
: If there are duplications in copied objects from IDF Editor or
there is same object in current Idf, duplications in input are removed.
Default: TRUE
.
Paste objects from same version: model$paste()
.
Paste objects from different version: model$paste(ver = "version")
.
Paste objects that are viewed in IP units in IDF Editor: model$paste(in_ip = TRUE)
.
Paste objects but also keep duplications: model$paste(unique = FALSE)
.
model$search_value(pattern, class = NULL, ignore.case = FALSE, perl = FALSE, fixed = FALSE, useBytes = FALSE) model$replace_value(pattern, class = NULL, replacement, ignore.case = FALSE, perl = FALSE, fixed = FALSE, useBytes = FALSE)
$search_value()
returns a list of IdfObjects that contain values which
match the given pattern. If no matched found, NULL
is returned invisibly.
$replace_value()
returns a list of IdfObjects whose values have been
replace with given pattern. If no matched found, NULL
is returned
invisibly.
Note:
During matching, all values are treated as characters, including numeric values.
Replacing values using regular expression is not recommended, because it is error prone. Validation rules also apply during replacing.
class
: A character vector of invalid class names in current Idf
object
to search for values. If NULL
, all classes are used.
pattern
, replacement
, ignore.case
, perl
, fixed
and useBytes
:
All of them are directly passed to base::grepl and
base::gsub.
Search values that contains supply
: model$search_value("supply")
Search values that contains supply
or demand
in class Branch
: model$search_value("supply|demand", "Branch")
Search values that contains win
and replace them with windows
: model$replace_value("win", "windows")
model$validate(level = eplusr_option("validate_level")) model$is_valid(level = eplusr_option("validate_level"))
$validate()
checks if there are errors in current Idf
under specified
validation level and returns an IdfValidity
object which contains data of
invalid field values. Different validation result examples are shown below:
No error is found:
v No error found.
Above result shows that there is no error found after conducting all validation checks in specified validation level.
Errors are found:
x [2] Errors found during validation. ========================================================================= -- [2] Invalid Autocalculate Field -------------------------------------- Fields below cannot be `autocalculate`: Class: <AirTerminal:SingleDuct:VAV:Reheat> \- Object [ID:176] <SPACE5-1 VAV Reheat> +- 17: AUTOCALCULATE, !- Maximum Flow per Zone Floor Area During Reheat {m3/s-m2} \- 18: AUTOCALCULATE; !- Maximum Flow Fraction During Reheat
Above validation results show that after all validation components performed
under current validation level, 2 invalid field values are found. All of them
are in object named SPACE5-1 VAV Reheat
with ID 176
. They are invalid
because those two fields do not have an autocalculatable attribute but are
given AUTOCALCULATE
value. Knowing this info, one simple way to fix the
error is to set those two fields to correct value by doing idf$set(..176 = list(
Maximum Flow per Zone Floor Area During Reheat= "autosize",
Maximum Flow Fraction During Reheat = "autosize" ))
$is_valid()
returns TRUE
if there is no error in current Idf
object
under specified validation level and FALSE
otherwise.
Underneath, an IdfValidity
object which $validate()
returns is a list of
13 element as shown below. Each element or several elements represents the
results from a single validation checking component. In total, There are 10
different validation check components. To get the meaning of each component,
please see level_checks()
and custom_validate()
.
missing_object
duplicate_object
conflict_name
incomplete_extensible
missing_value
invalid_autosize
invalid_autocalculate
invalid_character
invalid_numeric
invalid_integer
invalid_choice
invalid_range
invalid_reference
Except missing_object
, which is a character vector, all other elements
are data.table with 9 columns containing data of
invalid field values:
object_id
: IDs of objects that contain invalid values
object_name
: names of objects that contain invalid values
class_id
: indexes of classes that invalid objects belong to
class_name
: names of classes that invalid objects belong to
field_id
: indexes (at Idd level) of object fields that are invalid
field_index
: indexes of object fields in corresponding that are invalid
field_name
: names (without units) of object fields that are invalid
units
: SI units of object fields that are invalid
ip_units
: IP units of object fields that are invalid
type_enum
: An integer vector indicates types of invalid fields
value_id
: indexes (at Idf level) of object field values that are invalid
value_chr
: values (converted to characters) of object fields that are
invalid
value_num
: values (converted to numbers in SI units) of object fields
that are invalid
Knowing the internal structure of IdfValidity
, it is easy to extract
invalid IdfObjects you interested in. For example, you can get all IDs of
objects that contain invalid value references using
model$validate()$invalid_reference$object_id
. Then using $set()
method
to correct them.
model$to_table(which = NULL, class = NULL, string_value = TRUE, unit = FALSE, wide = FALSE) model$to_string(which = NULL, class = NULL, comment = TRUE, header = TRUE, format = eplusr_option("save_format"), leading = 4L, sep_at = 29L)
$to_table()
returns a data.table that contains
core data of specified objects. It has 6 columns:
id
: Integer type. Object IDs.
name
: Character type. Object names.
class
: Character type. Current class name.
index
: Integer type. Field indexes.
field
: Character type. Field names.
value
: Character type if string_value
is TRUE
or list type if
string_value
is FALSE
. Field values.
$to_string()
returns the text format of an IDF file.
Arguments:
which
: Either an integer vector of valid object IDs or a character vector
of valid object names. If NULL
, the whole Idf
object is converted.
Default: NULL
.
class
: A character vector of class names. If NULL
, all classed in
current Idf
object is converted. Default: NULL
.
string_value
: If TRUE
, all field values are returned as character. If
FALSE
, value
column in returned data.table
is a list column with each value stored as corresponding type. Note that if
the value of numeric field is set to "Autosize"
or "Autocalculate"
, it
is left as it is, leaving the returned type being a string instead of a
number. Default: TRUE
.
unit
: Only applicable when string_value
is FALSE
. If TRUE
, values
of numeric fields are assigned with units using units::set_units()
if
applicable. Default: FALSE
.
wide
: Only applicable if target objects belong to a same class. If
TRUE
, a wide table will be returned, i.e. first three columns are always
id
, name
and class
, and then every field in a separate column.
Default: FALSE
.
comment
: If FALSE
, all comments will not be included. Default: TRUE
.
header
: If FALSE
, the header will not be included. Default: TRUE
.
format
: Specific format used when formatting. For details, please see
$save()
. Default: eplusr_option("save_format")
leading
: Leading spaces added to each field. Default: 4L
.
sep_at
: The character width to separate value string and field string.
Default: 29L
which is the same as IDF Editor.
model$is_unsaved() model$save(path = NULL, format = eplusr_option("save_format"), overwrite = FALSE, copy_external = TRUE)
$is_unsaved()
returns TRUE
if there are modifications on the model since
it was read or since last time it was saved and FALSE
otherwise.
$save()
saves the Idf
object as an IDF file.
Arguments:
path
: A path where to save the model. If NULL
, the path of the Idf
itself, i.e. model$path()
, will be used.
format
: A string to specify the saving format. Should be one of "asis"
,
"sorted"
, "new_top"
, and "new_bot"
.
If "asis"
, the model will be saved in the same format as it was when
first read. If the model does not contain any format saving option, which
is typically the case when the model was not saved using eplusr or
IDFEditor, "sorted"
will be used.
"sorted"
, "new_top"
and "new_bot"
are the same as the save options
"Sorted"
, "Original with New at Top"
, and "Original with New at Bottom"
in IDFEditor. Default: eplusr_option("save_format")
.
overwrite
: Whether to overwrite the file if it already exists. Default:
FALSE
.
copy_external
: If TRUE
, the external files that current Idf depends on
will also be copied into the same directory. The values of file paths in
the Idf will be changed into relative path automatically. This makes it
possible to create fully reproducible simulation conditions. Currently,
only Schedule:File
class is supported. Default: FALSE
.
model$clone(deep = TRUE)
$clone()
returns the exactly the same cloned model. Because Idf
uses
R6::R6Class()
under the hook which has "modify-in-place" semantics, idf_2 <- idf_1
does not copy idf_1
at all but only create a new binding to
idf_1
. Modify idf_1
will also affect idf_2
as well, as these two are
exactly the same thing underneath. In order to create a complete cloned copy,
use $clone(deep = TRUE)
.
Arguments:
deep
: Has to be TRUE
if a complete cloned copy is desired. Default:
TRUE
.
model$run(weather, dir = NULL, wait = TRUE, force = FALSE, copy_external = FALSE)
$run()
calls corresponding version of EnergyPlus to run the current model
together with specified weather. The model and the weather used will be
copied into the output directory. An EplusJob object is returned which
provides detailed info of the simulation and methods to collect simulation
results. Please see EplusJob for details.
Note:
eplusr uses the EnergyPlus command line interface which was introduced
since EnergyPlus 8.3.0. So $run()
only supports models with version no
lower than 8.3.0.
eplusr uses the EnergyPlus SQL output for extracting simulation results. In
order to do so, an object in Output:SQLite
class with Option Type
value
being SimpleAndTabular
will be automatically created if it does not
exists.
Arguments:
weather
: A path to an .epw
file or an Epw object.
dir
: The directory to save the simulation results. If NULL
, the model
folder will be used. Default: NULL
wait
: Whether to wait until the simulation completes and print the
standard output and error of EnergyPlus to the screen. If FALSE
, the
simulation will run in the background. Default is TRUE
.
force
: Only applicable when the last simulation runs with wait
equals
to FALSE
and is still running. If TRUE
, current running job is
forced to stop and a new one will start. Default: FALSE
.
copy_external
: If TRUE
, the external files that current Idf
object
depends on will also be copied into the simulation output directory. The
values of file paths in the Idf will be changed automatically. Currently,
only Schedule:File
class is supported. This ensures that the output
directory will have all files needed for the model to run. Default is
FALSE
.
model$print(zoom = c("object", "class", "group", "field"), order = TRUE) print(model)
$print()
prints the Idf
object according to different detail level
specified using the zoom
argument.
With the default zoom
level object
, contents of the Idf
object is
printed in a similar style as you see in IDF Editor, with additional heading
lines showing Path
, Version
of the Idf
object. Class names of objects
are ordered by group and the number of objects in classes are shown in square
bracket.
Arguments:
zoom
: Control how detailed of the Idf object should be printed. Should be
one of "group"
, "class"
, "object"
and "field"
. Default: "group"
.
"group"
: all group names current existing are shown with prevailing
square bracket showing how many **<C>**lasses existing in that group.
"class"
: all class names are shown with prevailing square bracket
showing how many **<O>**bjects existing in that class, together with
parent group name of each class.
"object"
: all object IDs and names are shown, together with parent
class name of each object.
"field"
: all object IDs and names, field names and values are shown,
together with parent class name of each object.
order
: Only applicable when zoom
is "object"
or "field"
. If TRUE
,
objects are shown as the same order in the IDF. If FALSE
, objects are
grouped and ordered by classes. Default: TRUE
.
IdfObject class
# ===== CREATE ===== # read an IDF file idf <- read_idf(system.file("extdata/1ZoneUncontrolled.idf", package = "eplusr"), idd = use_idd(8.8, download = "auto")) # ===== MODEL BASIC INFO ===== # get version idf$version()#> [1] '8.8.0'# get path idf$path()#> [1] "C:\\Users\\hongy\\Dropbox\\github_repo\\eplusr\\inst\\extdata\\1ZoneUncontrolled.idf"#> chr [1:8] "Simulation Parameters" "Location and Climate" "Schedules" ...#> chr [1:58] "Simulation Parameters" "Compliance Objects" ...#> chr [1:27] "Version" "SimulationControl" "Building" ...#> chr [1:789] "Version" "SimulationControl" "Building" "ShadowCalculation" ...# check if input is a valid group name in current model idf$is_valid_group("Schedules")#> [1] TRUEidf$is_valid_group("Compliance Objects")#> [1] FALSE# check if input is a valid group name in IDD idf$is_valid_group("Compliance Objects", all = TRUE)#> [1] TRUE# check if input is a valid class name in current model idf$is_valid_class("Building")#> [1] TRUEidf$is_valid_class("ShadowCalculation")#> [1] FALSE# check if input is a valid class name in IDD idf$is_valid_class("ShadowCalculation", all = TRUE)#> [1] TRUE# ===== OBJECT DEFINITION (IDDOBJECT) ===== # get the a list of underlying IddObjects idf$definition("Version")#> <IddObject: `Version`> #> -- MEMO ------------------------------------------------------------------------ #> "Specifies the EnergyPlus version of the IDF file." #> #> -- PROPERTIES ------------------------------------------------------------------ #> * Group: `Simulation Parameters` #> * Unique: TRUE #> * Required: FALSE #> * Total fields: 1 #> #> -- FIELDS ---------------------------------------------------------------------- #> 1: Version Identifier#> $Version #> [1] 1 #> #> $Zone #> [1] 18 #># when `simplify` is TRUE, an integer vector will be returned instead of a # named list idf$object_id(c("Version", "Zone"), simplify = TRUE)#> [1] 1 18# get names of objects in classes # NA will be returned if targeted class does not have a name attribute idf$object_name(c("Building", "Zone", "Version"))#> $Building #> [1] "Simple One Zone (Wireframe DXF)" #> #> $Zone #> [1] "ZONE ONE" #> #> $Version #> [1] NA #># if `simplify` is TRUE, a character vector will be returned instead of a # named list idf$object_name(c("Building", "Zone", "Version"), simplify = TRUE)#> [1] "Simple One Zone (Wireframe DXF)" "ZONE ONE" #> [3] NA#> [1] 1 0# check if input is a valid object ID, i.e. there is an object whose ID is # the same with input integer idf$is_valid_id(c(51, 1000))#> [1] TRUE FALSE# check if input is a valid object name, i.e., there is an object whose name is # the same with input string idf$is_valid_name(c("Simple One Zone (Wireframe DXF)", "ZONE ONE"))#> [1] TRUE TRUE# ===== OBJECT QUERY ===== # get single object using object ID or name # NOTE: object name matching is case-insensitive idf$object(3)#> <IdfObject: `Building`> [ID:3] `Simple One Zone (Wireframe DXF)` #> Class: <Building> #> +- 1: "Simple One Zone (Wireframe DXF)", !- Name #> |- 2: 0, !- North Axis {deg} #> |- 3: "Suburbs", !- Terrain #> |- 4: 0.04, !- Loads Convergence Tolerance Value #> |- 5: 0.004, !- Temperature Convergence Tolerance Value {delta... #> |- 6: "MinimalShadowing", !- Solar Distribution #> |- 7: 30, !- Maximum Number of Warmup Days #> \- 8: 6; !- Minimum Number of Warmup Daysidf$object("simple one zone (wireframe dxf)")#> <IdfObject: `Building`> [ID:3] `Simple One Zone (Wireframe DXF)` #> Class: <Building> #> +- 1: "Simple One Zone (Wireframe DXF)", !- Name #> |- 2: 0, !- North Axis {deg} #> |- 3: "Suburbs", !- Terrain #> |- 4: 0.04, !- Loads Convergence Tolerance Value #> |- 5: 0.004, !- Temperature Convergence Tolerance Value {delta... #> |- 6: "MinimalShadowing", !- Solar Distribution #> |- 7: 30, !- Maximum Number of Warmup Days #> \- 8: 6; !- Minimum Number of Warmup Days# get objects using object IDs or names # NOTE: object name matching is case-insensitive idf$objects(c(3,10))#> $`Simple One Zone (Wireframe DXF)` #> <IdfObject: `Building`> [ID:3] `Simple One Zone (Wireframe DXF)` #> Class: <Building> #> +- 1: "Simple One Zone (Wireframe DXF)", !- Name #> |- 2: 0, !- North Axis {deg} #> |- 3: "Suburbs", !- Terrain #> |- 4: 0.04, !- Loads Convergence Tolerance Value #> |- 5: 0.004, !- Temperature Convergence Tolerance Value {delta... #> |- 6: "MinimalShadowing", !- Solar Distribution #> |- 7: 30, !- Maximum Number of Warmup Days #> \- 8: 6; !- Minimum Number of Warmup Days #> #> $`Denver Centennial Golden N Ann Htg 99% Condns DB` #> <IdfObject: `SizingPeriod:DesignDay`> [ID:10] `Denver Centennial Golden N Ann Htg 99% Condns DB` #> -- COMMENTS -------------------------------------------------------------------- #> ! WMO=724666 Time Zone=NAM: (GMT-07:00) Mountain Time (US & Canada) #> ! Data Source=ASHRAE 2009 Annual Design Conditions #> ! Denver Centennial Golden N_CO_USA Annual Heating Design Conditions Win... #> ! Coldest Month=DEC #> ! Denver Centennial Golden N_CO_USA Annual Heating 99%, MaxDB=-15.5°C #> -- VALUES ---------------------------------------------------------------------- #> Class: <SizingPeriod:DesignDay> #> +- 01: "Denver Centennial Golden N Ann Htg 99% Condns DB", !- Name #> |- 02: 12, !- Month #> |- 03: 21, !- Day of Month #> |- 04: "WinterDesignDay", !- Day Type #> |- 05: -15.5, !- Maximum Dry-Bulb Temperature {C} #> |- 06: 0, !- Daily Dry-Bulb Temperature Range {deltaC} #> |- 07: <"Blank">, !- Dry-Bulb Temperature Range Modifier Type #> |- 08: <"Blank">, !- Dry-Bulb Temperature Range Modifier Day Sched... #> |- 09: "Wetbulb", !- Humidity Condition Type #> |- 10: -15.5, !- Wetbulb or DewPoint at Maximum Dry-Bulb {C} #> |- 11: <"Blank">, !- Humidity Condition Day Schedule Name #> |- 12: <Blank>, !- Humidity Ratio at Maximum Dry-Bulb {kgWater/k... #> |- 13: <Blank>, !- Enthalpy at Maximum Dry-Bulb {J/kg} #> |- 14: <Blank>, !- Daily Wet-Bulb Temperature Range {deltaC} #> |- 15: 81198, !- Barometric Pressure {Pa} #> |- 16: 3, !- Wind Speed {m/s} #> |- 17: 340, !- Wind Direction {deg} #> |- 18: "No", !- Rain Indicator #> |- 19: "No", !- Snow Indicator #> |- 20: "No", !- Daylight Saving Time Indicator #> |- 21: "ASHRAEClearSky", !- Solar Model Indicator #> |- 22: <"Blank">, !- Beam Solar Day Schedule Name #> |- 23: <"Blank">, !- Diffuse Solar Day Schedule Name #> |- 24: <Blank>, !- ASHRAE Clear Sky Optical Depth for Beam Irrad... #> |- 25: <Blank>, !- ASHRAE Clear Sky Optical Depth for Diffuse Ir... #> \- 26: 0; !- Sky Clearness #>#> $`Simple One Zone (Wireframe DXF)` #> <IdfObject: `Building`> [ID:3] `Simple One Zone (Wireframe DXF)` #> Class: <Building> #> +- 1: "Simple One Zone (Wireframe DXF)", !- Name #> |- 2: 0, !- North Axis {deg} #> |- 3: "Suburbs", !- Terrain #> |- 4: 0.04, !- Loads Convergence Tolerance Value #> |- 5: 0.004, !- Temperature Convergence Tolerance Value {delta... #> |- 6: "MinimalShadowing", !- Solar Distribution #> |- 7: 30, !- Maximum Number of Warmup Days #> \- 8: 6; !- Minimum Number of Warmup Days #> #> $`ZONE ONE` #> <IdfObject: `Zone`> [ID:18] `ZONE ONE` #> Class: <Zone> #> +- 1: "ZONE ONE", !- Name #> |- 2: 0, !- Direction of Relative North {deg} #> |- 3: 0, !- X Origin {m} #> |- 4: 0, !- Y Origin {m} #> |- 5: 0, !- Z Origin {m} #> |- 6: 1, !- Type #> |- 7: 1, !- Multiplier #> |- 8: autocalculate, !- Ceiling Height {m} #> \- 9: autocalculate; !- Volume {m3} #># the names of returned list are object names names(idf$objects(c("Simple One Zone (Wireframe DXF)", "zone one")))#> [1] "Simple One Zone (Wireframe DXF)" "ZONE ONE"# get all objects in classes in a named list idf$objects_in_class("Zone")#> $`ZONE ONE` #> <IdfObject: `Zone`> [ID:18] `ZONE ONE` #> Class: <Zone> #> +- 1: "ZONE ONE", !- Name #> |- 2: 0, !- Direction of Relative North {deg} #> |- 3: 0, !- X Origin {m} #> |- 4: 0, !- Y Origin {m} #> |- 5: 0, !- Z Origin {m} #> |- 6: 1, !- Type #> |- 7: 1, !- Multiplier #> |- 8: autocalculate, !- Ceiling Height {m} #> \- 9: autocalculate; !- Volume {m3} #>#> [1] "ZONE ONE"# OR using shortcuts idf$Zone#> $`ZONE ONE` #> <IdfObject: `Zone`> [ID:18] `ZONE ONE` #> Class: <Zone> #> +- 1: "ZONE ONE", !- Name #> |- 2: 0, !- Direction of Relative North {deg} #> |- 3: 0, !- X Origin {m} #> |- 4: 0, !- Y Origin {m} #> |- 5: 0, !- Z Origin {m} #> |- 6: 1, !- Type #> |- 7: 1, !- Multiplier #> |- 8: autocalculate, !- Ceiling Height {m} #> \- 9: autocalculate; !- Volume {m3} #>idf[["Zone"]]#> $`ZONE ONE` #> <IdfObject: `Zone`> [ID:18] `ZONE ONE` #> Class: <Zone> #> +- 1: "ZONE ONE", !- Name #> |- 2: 0, !- Direction of Relative North {deg} #> |- 3: 0, !- X Origin {m} #> |- 4: 0, !- Y Origin {m} #> |- 5: 0, !- Z Origin {m} #> |- 6: 1, !- Type #> |- 7: 1, !- Multiplier #> |- 8: autocalculate, !- Ceiling Height {m} #> \- 9: autocalculate; !- Volume {m3} #># get a single object in unique-object class idf$object_unique("SimulationControl")#> <IdfObject: `SimulationControl`> [ID:7] #> Class: <SimulationControl> #> +- 1: "No", !- Do Zone Sizing Calculation #> |- 2: "No", !- Do System Sizing Calculation #> |- 3: "No", !- Do Plant Sizing Calculation #> |- 4: "Yes", !- Run Simulation for Sizing Periods #> \- 5: "Yes"; !- Run Simulation for Weather File Run Periodsidf$SimulationControl#> <IdfObject: `SimulationControl`> [ID:7] #> Class: <SimulationControl> #> +- 1: "No", !- Do Zone Sizing Calculation #> |- 2: "No", !- Do System Sizing Calculation #> |- 3: "No", !- Do Plant Sizing Calculation #> |- 4: "Yes", !- Run Simulation for Sizing Periods #> \- 5: "Yes"; !- Run Simulation for Weather File Run Periodsidf[["SimulationControl"]]#> <IdfObject: `SimulationControl`> [ID:7] #> Class: <SimulationControl> #> +- 1: "No", !- Do Zone Sizing Calculation #> |- 2: "No", !- Do System Sizing Calculation #> |- 3: "No", !- Do Plant Sizing Calculation #> |- 4: "Yes", !- Run Simulation for Sizing Periods #> \- 5: "Yes"; !- Run Simulation for Weather File Run Periods#> [1] 2#> [1] "R13LAYER" "R13WALL"# search objects using regular expression in specifc class length(idf$search_object("R13", class = "Construction"))#> [1] 1#> [1] "R13WALL"# get more controls on matching length(idf$search_object("r\\d", ignore.case = TRUE, class = "Construction"))#> [1] 1#> [1] "R13WALL"# ===== DUPLICATE OBJECTS =====# NOT RUN { # duplicate objects in "Construction" class names(idf$Construction) idf$dup("R13WALL") # new objects will have the same names as the duplicated objects but with a # suffix "_1", "_2" and etc. names(idf$Construction) # new names can also be explicitly specified idf$dup(My_R13Wall = "R13WALL") # duplicate an object multiple times idf$dup(rep("R13WALL", times = 10)) # }# ===== ADD OBJECTS =====# NOT RUN { # add two new objects in "RunPeriod" class idf$add( RunPeriod = list("rp_test_1", 1, 1, 2, 1, .comment = c("Comment for new object 1", "Another comment") ), RunPeriod = list(name = "rp_test_2", begin_month = 3, begin_day_of_month = 1, end_month = 4, end_day_of_month = 1, .comment = "Comment for new object 2" ) ) # }# ===== INSERT OBJECTS =====# NOT RUN { # insert objects from other Idf object idf_1 <- read_idf(system.file("extdata/1ZoneUncontrolled.idf", package = "eplusr"), idd = use_idd(8.8, download = "auto")) idf_1$object_name("Material") # rename material name from "C5 - 4 IN HW CONCRETE" to "test", otherwise # insertion will be aborted as there will be two materials with the same name # in the idf idf_1$Material$`C5 - 4 IN HW CONCRETE`$set(name = "test") # insert the object idf$insert(idf_1$Material$test) # check if material named "test" is there idf$object_name("Material") # $insert() is useful when importing design days from a ".ddy" file idf$insert(read_idf("foo.ddy")) # }# ===== SET OBJECTS =====# NOT RUN { # set the thickness of newly inserted material "test" to 0.2 m idf$set(test = list(thickness = 0.2)) idf$Material$test$Thickness # set thermal absorptance of all material to 0.85 val <- rep(list(list(thermal_absorptance = 0.85)), idf$object_num("Material")) names(val) <- idf$object_name("Material", simplify = TRUE) idf$set(val) # check results lapply(idf$Material, function (mat) mat$Thermal_Absorptance) # reset thermal absorptance of all material to the default val <- rep(list(list(thermal_absorptance = NULL)), idf$object_num("Material")) names(val) <- idf$object_name("Material", simplify = TRUE) idf$set(val) # check results lapply(idf$Material, function (mat) mat$Thermal_Absorptance) # }# ===== RENAME OBJECTS =====# NOT RUN { idf$rename(new_test = "test") idf$object_name("Material") # }# ===== DELELTE OBJECTS =====# NOT RUN { # delete the added run period "rp_test_1", "rp_test_2" and "new_test" from above idf$del(c("new_test", "rp_test_1", "rp_test_2")) names(idf$Material) names(idf$RunPeriod) # In "final" validate level, delete will be aborted if the target objects are # referenced by other objects. # get objects that referenced material "R13LAYER" eplusr_option("validate_level") idf$Material_NoMass$R13LAYER$ref_by_object() length(idf$Material_NoMass$R13LAYER$ref_by_object()) idf$del("R13LAYER") # will give an error in "final" validate level # objects referencing target objects can also be deleted by setting # `referenced` to TRUE idf$del("R13LAYER", .ref_by = TRUE) # will give an error in "final" validate level # it is possible to force delete objects idf$del("R13LAYER", .ref_by = TRUE, .force = TRUE) # }# ===== SEARCH ADN REPLACE OBJECT VALUES ===== # get objects whose field values contains both "VAV" and "Node" idf$search_value("WALL")#> $R13WALL #> <IdfObject: `Construction`> [ID:15] `R13WALL` #> Class: <Construction> #> +- 1: "R13WALL", !- Name #> \- 2: "R13LAYER"; !- Outside Layer #> #> $`Zn001:Wall001` #> <IdfObject: `BuildingSurface:Detailed`> [ID:21] `Zn001:Wall001` #> Class: <BuildingSurface:Detailed> #> +- 01: "Zn001:Wall001", !- Name #> |- 02: "Wall", !- Surface Type #> |- 03: "R13WALL", !- Construction Name #> |- 04: "ZONE ONE", !- Zone Name #> |- 05: "Outdoors", !- Outside Boundary Condition #> |- 06: <"Blank">, !- Outside Boundary Condition Object #> |- 07: "SunExposed", !- Sun Exposure #> |- 08: "WindExposed", !- Wind Exposure #> |- 09: 0.5, !- View Factor to Ground #> |- 10: 4, !- Number of Vertices #> |- 11: 0, !- Vertex 1 X-coordinate {m} #> |- 12: 0, !- Vertex 1 Y-coordinate {m} #> |- 13: 4.572, !- Vertex 1 Z-coordinate {m} #> |- 14: 0, !- Vertex 2 X-coordinate {m} #> |- 15: 0, !- Vertex 2 Y-coordinate {m} #> |- 16: 0, !- Vertex 2 Z-coordinate {m} #> |- 17: 15.24, !- Vertex 3 X-coordinate {m} #> |- 18: 0, !- Vertex 3 Y-coordinate {m} #> |- 19: 0, !- Vertex 3 Z-coordinate {m} #> |- 20: 15.24, !- Vertex 4 X-coordinate {m} #> |- 21: 0, !- Vertex 4 Y-coordinate {m} #> \- 22: 4.572; !- Vertex 4 Z-coordinate {m} #> #> $`Zn001:Wall002` #> <IdfObject: `BuildingSurface:Detailed`> [ID:22] `Zn001:Wall002` #> Class: <BuildingSurface:Detailed> #> +- 01: "Zn001:Wall002", !- Name #> |- 02: "Wall", !- Surface Type #> |- 03: "R13WALL", !- Construction Name #> |- 04: "ZONE ONE", !- Zone Name #> |- 05: "Outdoors", !- Outside Boundary Condition #> |- 06: <"Blank">, !- Outside Boundary Condition Object #> |- 07: "SunExposed", !- Sun Exposure #> |- 08: "WindExposed", !- Wind Exposure #> |- 09: 0.5, !- View Factor to Ground #> |- 10: 4, !- Number of Vertices #> |- 11: 15.24, !- Vertex 1 X-coordinate {m} #> |- 12: 0, !- Vertex 1 Y-coordinate {m} #> |- 13: 4.572, !- Vertex 1 Z-coordinate {m} #> |- 14: 15.24, !- Vertex 2 X-coordinate {m} #> |- 15: 0, !- Vertex 2 Y-coordinate {m} #> |- 16: 0, !- Vertex 2 Z-coordinate {m} #> |- 17: 15.24, !- Vertex 3 X-coordinate {m} #> |- 18: 15.24, !- Vertex 3 Y-coordinate {m} #> |- 19: 0, !- Vertex 3 Z-coordinate {m} #> |- 20: 15.24, !- Vertex 4 X-coordinate {m} #> |- 21: 15.24, !- Vertex 4 Y-coordinate {m} #> \- 22: 4.572; !- Vertex 4 Z-coordinate {m} #> #> $`Zn001:Wall003` #> <IdfObject: `BuildingSurface:Detailed`> [ID:23] `Zn001:Wall003` #> Class: <BuildingSurface:Detailed> #> +- 01: "Zn001:Wall003", !- Name #> |- 02: "Wall", !- Surface Type #> |- 03: "R13WALL", !- Construction Name #> |- 04: "ZONE ONE", !- Zone Name #> |- 05: "Outdoors", !- Outside Boundary Condition #> |- 06: <"Blank">, !- Outside Boundary Condition Object #> |- 07: "SunExposed", !- Sun Exposure #> |- 08: "WindExposed", !- Wind Exposure #> |- 09: 0.5, !- View Factor to Ground #> |- 10: 4, !- Number of Vertices #> |- 11: 15.24, !- Vertex 1 X-coordinate {m} #> |- 12: 15.24, !- Vertex 1 Y-coordinate {m} #> |- 13: 4.572, !- Vertex 1 Z-coordinate {m} #> |- 14: 15.24, !- Vertex 2 X-coordinate {m} #> |- 15: 15.24, !- Vertex 2 Y-coordinate {m} #> |- 16: 0, !- Vertex 2 Z-coordinate {m} #> |- 17: 0, !- Vertex 3 X-coordinate {m} #> |- 18: 15.24, !- Vertex 3 Y-coordinate {m} #> |- 19: 0, !- Vertex 3 Z-coordinate {m} #> |- 20: 0, !- Vertex 4 X-coordinate {m} #> |- 21: 15.24, !- Vertex 4 Y-coordinate {m} #> \- 22: 4.572; !- Vertex 4 Z-coordinate {m} #> #> $`Zn001:Wall004` #> <IdfObject: `BuildingSurface:Detailed`> [ID:24] `Zn001:Wall004` #> Class: <BuildingSurface:Detailed> #> +- 01: "Zn001:Wall004", !- Name #> |- 02: "Wall", !- Surface Type #> |- 03: "R13WALL", !- Construction Name #> |- 04: "ZONE ONE", !- Zone Name #> |- 05: "Outdoors", !- Outside Boundary Condition #> |- 06: <"Blank">, !- Outside Boundary Condition Object #> |- 07: "SunExposed", !- Sun Exposure #> |- 08: "WindExposed", !- Wind Exposure #> |- 09: 0.5, !- View Factor to Ground #> |- 10: 4, !- Number of Vertices #> |- 11: 0, !- Vertex 1 X-coordinate {m} #> |- 12: 15.24, !- Vertex 1 Y-coordinate {m} #> |- 13: 4.572, !- Vertex 1 Z-coordinate {m} #> |- 14: 0, !- Vertex 2 X-coordinate {m} #> |- 15: 15.24, !- Vertex 2 Y-coordinate {m} #> |- 16: 0, !- Vertex 2 Z-coordinate {m} #> |- 17: 0, !- Vertex 3 X-coordinate {m} #> |- 18: 0, !- Vertex 3 Y-coordinate {m} #> |- 19: 0, !- Vertex 3 Z-coordinate {m} #> |- 20: 0, !- Vertex 4 X-coordinate {m} #> |- 21: 0, !- Vertex 4 Y-coordinate {m} #> \- 22: 4.572; !- Vertex 4 Z-coordinate {m} #>#> [1] 5#> [1] "R13WALL" "Zn001:Wall001" "Zn001:Wall002" "Zn001:Wall003" #> [5] "Zn001:Wall004"# replace values using regular expression# NOT RUN { idf$replace_value("WALL", "A_WALL") # }# ===== VALIDATE MODEL =====# NOT RUN { # check if there are errors in current model idf$validate() idf$is_valid() # change validate level to "none", which will enable invalid modifications eplusr_option(validate_level = "none") # change the outside layer of floor to an invalid material idf$set(FLOOR = list(outside_layer = "wrong_layer")) # change validate level back to "final" and validate the model again eplusr_option(validate_level = "final") idf$validate() idf$is_valid() # get IDs of all objects that contains invalid reference fields idf$validate()$invalid_reference$object_id # fix the error idf$set(..16 = list(outside_layer = idf$Material[[1]]$name())) idf$validate() idf$is_valid() # }#> [1] "!-Generator eplusr" #> [2] "!-Option SortedOrder" #> [3] "" #> [4] "!-NOTE: All comments with '!-' are ignored by the IDFEditor and are generated automatically." #> [5] "!- Use '!' comments if they need to be retained when using the IDFEditor." #> [6] ""# get text format of the model, excluding the header and all comments head(idf$to_string(comment = FALSE, header = FALSE))#> [1] "!- =========== ALL OBJECTS IN CLASS: VERSION ===========" #> [2] "" #> [3] "Version," #> [4] " 8.8; !- Version Identifier" #> [5] "" #> [6] ""# ===== SAVE MODEL ===== # check if the model has been modified since read or last saved idf$is_unsaved()#> [1] FALSE# NOT RUN { # save and overwrite current model idf$save(overwrite = TRUE) # save the model with newly created and modified objects at the top idf$save(overwrite = TRUE, format = "new_top") # save the model to a new file idf$save(path = file.path(tempdir(), "test.idf")) # save the model to a new file and copy all external csv files used in # "Schedule:File" class into the same folder idf$save(path = file.path(tempdir(), "test1.idf"), copy_external = TRUE) # the path of this model will be changed to the saved path idf$path() # }# ===== CLONE MODEL =====# NOT RUN { # Idf object are modified in place and has reference semantic. idf_2 <- idf idf_2$object_name("Building") idf$object_name("Building") # modify idf_2 will also affect idf as well idf_2$Building$set(name = "Building_Name_Changed") idf_2$object_name("Building") idf$object_name("Building") # in order to make a copy of an Idf object, use $clone() method idf_3 <- idf$clone(deep = TRUE) idf_3$Building$set(name = "Building_Name_Changed_Again") idf_3$object_name("Building") idf$object_name("Building") # }# ===== RUN MODEL =====# NOT RUN { if (is_avail_eplus(8.8)) { # save the model to tempdir() idf$save(file.path(tempdir(), "test_run.idf")) # use the first epw file in "WeatherData" folder in EnergyPlus v8.8 # installation path epw <- list.files(file.path(eplus_config(8.8)$dir, "WeatherData"), pattern = "\\.epw$", full.names = TRUE)[1] basename(epw) # [1] "USA_CA_San.Francisco.Intl.AP.724940_TMY3.epw" # if `dir` is NULL, the directory of IDF file will be used as simulation # output directory job <- idf$run(epw, dir = NULL) # run simulation in the background idf$run(epw, dir = tempdir(), wait = FALSE) # copy all external files into the directory run simulation idf$run(epw, dir = tempdir(), copy_external = TRUE) # check for simulation errors job$errors() # get simulation status job$status() # get output directory job$output_dir() # re-run the simulation job$run() # get simulation results job$report_data() } # }# ===== PRINT MODEL =====# NOT RUN { idf$print("group") idf$print("class") idf$print("object") idf$print("field") # }


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Money Play. Should Red double? If doubled, should White take?
pips Red=149 White=146
(CorrectAnswer= 0/0, ErrorScore= 0)
Red has threats but they are not conclusive and there is real duplication of fours.
The race is close and White has a solid anchor and a good home board. All this adds up to no double/take and it is an error to double. With a couple of exceptions White will be taking next time anyway.
The race is close and White has a solid anchor and a good home board. All this adds up to no double/take and it is an error to double. With a couple of exceptions White will be taking next time anyway.
Cube analysis 2-ply cubeless equity +0.404 0.649 0.194 0.012 - 0.351 0.096 0.004 Cubeful equities: 1. No double +0.593 2. Double, pass +1.000 (+0.407) 3. Double, take +0.570 (-0.023) Proper cube action: No double, take (5.3%)


Both Self Awareness and Mindfulness are part of our emotional intelligence. Self Awareness is how we recognise and are aware of our personal state of mind. Mindfulness is essentially the same thing, it is when we notice change occurring within our behaviour. Both of which are necessary to evaluate oneself and are a necessary step into changing the emotions that can arise and see situation from a new perspective.
Body Scanning was an interesting experience, which was quite a helpful way to understand how to use meditation. I found myself being aware of the individual parts of my body, I believe that this practice is a wonderful way to enhance your minds ability to focus on situations.
My Emotions are Not Me, is an interesting perspective and it is important way for us to view ourselves. This idea if not letting emotions dictate the outcome of situation and making a conscious decision on whether or not to use emotion. This was what I found interesting from this chapter for the ability to calm yourself from overreacting, yet also understanding the importance of emotion. The justification to use them in some situations and not ‘bottling’ them up.


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FileMenuAction
- Class in
org.helm.editor.action
try to decompose structures in drawing pane into multiple structures
FileMenuAction(MacromoleculeEditor, String, int)
- Constructor for class org.helm.editor.action.
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fillLabelMaps()
- Method in class org.helm.editor.componentPanel.sequenceviewpanel.
AbstractSequenceTransformer
Here all dataproviders with label-sprecific data should be filled
fillLabelMaps()
- Method in class org.helm.editor.componentPanel.sequenceviewpanel.
ChemSequenceTransformer
fillLabelMaps()
- Method in class org.helm.editor.componentPanel.sequenceviewpanel.
NucleotideSequenceTransformer
fillLabelMaps()
- Method in class org.helm.editor.componentPanel.sequenceviewpanel.
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fillNodeMaps(Node)
- Method in class org.helm.editor.componentPanel.sequenceviewpanel.
AbstractSequenceTransformer
fireOnChange()
- Method in class org.helm.editor.adc.
ConnectionEditor
fireOnChange()
- Method in class org.helm.editor.protein.edit.
ProteinEditor
flipHorizontal(Graph2DView)
- Static method in class org.helm.editor.editor.
MacromoleculeEditor
flip the selected sequence horizontally
FloorTabbedPane
- Class in
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FloorTabbedPane()
- Constructor for class org.helm.editor.utility.
FloorTabbedPane
FOLDER_NODE_NOTATION
- Static variable in class org.helm.editor.data.
NodeMapKeys
FONT_SIZE
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ViewMetrics
FORWARD_ARROW_ICON_RESOURCE_URL
- Static variable in class org.helm.editor.utility.
IconGenerator
frame
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Copyright © 2013, The Pistoia Alliance


| 029:017 Khan | : |
"You worship besides Allah only idols, and you only invent falsehood.   Surely they whom you serve besides Allah control no sustenance for you; so seek sustenance from Allah and serve Him and be grateful to Him. To Him you will be brought back. |
| 029:017 Pickthal | : |
Ye serve instead of Allah only idols, and ye only invent a lie. Lo! those whom ye serve instead of Allah own no provision for you. So seek your provision from Allah, and serve Him, and give thanks unto Him, (for) unto Him ye will be brought back. |
| 029:017 Rashad | : |
"What you worship instead of GOD are powerless idols; you have invented a lie." The idols you worship beside GOD do not possess any provisions for you. Therefore, you shall seek provisions only from GOD.  Whatever you worship besides Him cannot provide you with anything for your sustenance. Seek your sustenance from the bounties of God. Worship Him. Give Him thanks. To Him you will all return."  Those, whom you worship beside ALLAH, have no power to provide sustenance for you. Then seek sustenance from ALLAH, and worship HIM, and be Grateful to HIM. Unto HIM will you be brought back.' |
| 029:017 Yusufali | : |
"For ye do worship idols besides Allah, and ye invent falsehood. The things that ye worship besides Allah have no power to give you sustenance: then seek ye sustenance from Allah, serve Him, and be grateful to Him: to Him will be your return. |
Concepts/Themes Covered: أركان الإسلام > التوحيد > توحيد الله تعالي > إليه ترجع الأمور Pillars of Islam> Islamic> Oneness of Allah>All Matters Return to Him(for decision) أركان الإسلام > التوحيد > الشرك والمشركون > تنزيه الله جلّ جلاله عن الشريك Pillars of Islam> Islamic> Polytheism and the Polytheists> Allah's Freedom from Partnership الإيمان > الله جلّ جلاله > شكره جلّ وعلا Faith> Allah, Glory to his Majesty> To Express Thanks to Allah الإيمان > اليوم الآخر > الحشر Faith> The Hereafter> The Day of Resurrection
This tool uses eight English parallel translations for the Holy Quran imported from Mr. Clay Smith. You can also visit Qurany Concepts for browsing the Quran themes or topics. If you want to search the Holy Quran for keywords, please visit Qurany Keywords.


| Name | Count | Max | Host |
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| {{ room.name }} | {{ room.count }} | {{ room.max }} | {{ room.host }} |
This game is played in two, three or four players. The players draw each turn up to four cards from the deck, until their hand has four cards or no cards are left in the deck. Then, the turn starter player ( the last player who took a hand or a randomly chosen player, if this is the first hand played ) begins a hand.
The deck is made of 32 cards ( from 7 to K ), if the game has two or four players.
If the game has three players, two cards must be removed from the deck to ensure an equal distribution of the cards for the players. The two cards removed are two 8 cards.
If there are four players in a game, players one and three are on the red team, and players two and four are in the blue team.
Otherwise, it's every man for himself.
The players are called on successively to drop a card on the table, and the turn starter gets the option to either give the cards to the last cutter, or to continue the turn, if the last cutter isn't himself, by continuing to cut.
The cutting cards are 7 and the first card on the table this turn.
E.g.: If the other player started with K and you have K, 7, J, A in your hand, you can cut him with either K or 7.
IMPORTANT: If there are only three players in a game, the deck must be reduced to 30 cards for an equal distribution, so two eights are removed and the remaining two 8 cards are also cutting cards.
The number of points in a turn is equal to the number of 10s or Aces in that turn.
The last cutter in a turn gets all the points after the turn is over, and becomes the next turn starter.
You or your team must obtain the most number of points.
I am a hobbyist programmer who has recently discovered the joys of server-side JavaScript. I also have taken part in many algorithmic competitions, including the National Olympiad of Informatics 2013, where I placed 20th in my year's ladder.


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I like to design, I like to develop, I like to solve puzzles. I like to try everything, therefore I'm still debating on what I want to do when I grow up.
I graduated from the University of Oregon with a Bachelors of Science degree in Computer & Information Science and a minor in Multimedia.
I moved to Seattle to be closer to my sister. I fell in love with the outdoor opportunities that Seattle offers. I joined an Ultimate Frisbee team and have been playing year round since I moved here.
Accomplishments:
Completed the 2015 Chicago Marathon with a time 4:28:36?
Completed the 2015 Iron Girl relay
Won 2nd place in Pacific Cinema Fringe Festival in 2012
For this project I designed 3 book covers for a madeup series I created myself.
Project BIO/LIO
Create two images with yourself involved. One will be a representation of yourself, the other will be a fabrication of yourself.
Project Word Art
Pick a theme and create art through text design.
Project CD Design
Decide upon a genre of music, put together a band, and create their entire album. Complete design from artwork to Song titles to copyright words.


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Figure 1
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Recording schemes of a HAXPES experiment using a k-imaging t ... |
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Schematic view ( a) and simulated electron trajectories ( b, ... |
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Figure 3
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Energy-resolution measurements and valence-band mapping at h ... |
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Figure 4
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( a) ( k x , k y ) momentum distribution at E F of valence-b ... |
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Hard X-ray valence-band mapping using the high-energy ToF mo ... |
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Figure 6
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Quantitative analysis of the measured valence-band patterns ... |
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Core-level spectra and corresponding ( k x , k y )-distribut ... |
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Sequence of photoelectron diffraction patterns of the rheniu ... |


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Course Materials
Book
Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig: Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach.
Additional Course Materials
- If you are not familiar with Python programming, use any online tutorial to get a handle of it.
- Play PacMan!
- Thinking machine: how a computer chess player thinks!
- 5-Queens demo (javascript, src)
- Backtracking demo (jar, src)
- A step-by-step guide to building your intelligent chess program (Minimax and Alpha-Beta pruning, code)


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This page shows beamline overview statistics for the selected time period. Click on a beamline to see overview stats for that particular beamline


Safety training and safety awareness is priority one. Reducing the risk of injuries and illness enables the project to run smoothly and efficiently. Injuries on the job create significant delays and lost in productivity. The negative consequences can be costly to the company by tarnishing the companies reputation and losing customer satisfaction. Implementing a strong injury and illness prevention program is effective in reducing incidents and will significantly improve on site safety.


SINGLE WHITE FEMALE A film review by Too FAT Guys Copyright 1992 by Roger & Me
Roger: So, another Evil Lesbian movie, Roger?
Roger: I don't think so. There wasn't a swarm of gay-rights activists bandying about unlabeled spoilers.
Roger: None that I noticed.
Roger: SINGLE WHITE FEMALE stars Bridget Fonda as Allison Jones, a free-lance programmer. When her fiance, Sam Rawson (Steven Weber) is caught with his drawers down, Allison throws him out and searches for a new roommate. When Hedra Carlson (Jennifer Jason Leigh) shows up, Allie knows that she has found her woman. They quickly become best friends, but things begin to go bad when Allie forgives Sam's wandering penis and they get back together. Hedy's jealousy over losing Allie to Sam is enough to provoke a psychotic episode.
Roger: As I mentioned earlier, Allie and Hedy's relationship seems initially to have strong lesbian overtones. Fortunately, this is no BASIC INSTINCT. The director, Barbet Schroeder, seems to explicitly push the apparently lesbian theme. However, we find out fairly quickly that Hedy is a surviving twin and is using Allie as a surrogate sister.
Roger: Hedy is however a leading proponent of the "men are scum" school of thought. And for the most part, this movie shows her to be correct. All of the hetero men in this film are, in fact, relatively scummy. Certainly, Sam's testicular co-processors are alleviating a lot of his CPU's workload. Allie's employer, Mitch (Stephen Tobolowsky), is a lecherous, condescending, chauvinistic pig. In fact, the only redeeming ornament of manhood is Graham Knox (Peter Friedman), the Nice Gay Man. The NGM is on his way to becoming an accepted Hollywood cliche -- as long as he can non-threateningly support the female lead.
Roger: Of course, you're leaving out the really scummy men -- the ones responsible for all of the gratuitous nudity in this film. In one scene, Allie walks in on Hedy masturbating. Far be it from me to discourage masturbation, but the point of filming it was completely lost on me. Unless the point was simple titillation.
Roger: Worked for me, but maybe I'm just a scummy man. The rest of the movie worked quite well also. Except for one unexplained intuitive leap on Allie's part, the story held together nicely. I can't say that it ever held me in suspense, but I did enjoy watching the plot unfold.
Roger: Tho suspense is not this films strong point, there were a few moments of suspense and some frightening violence. Leigh's Hedy is very convincing, obviously disturbed, and seems a little dangerous. Fonda also is believable as a weak, dependent woman. I think her character was supposed to have grown under pressure, but this seems to be somewhat lost. In all, I didn't find the overt sexuality offensive enough to spoil the well thought-out and acted plot. I give this film a thumbs up.
Roger: The story worked well and stood up to examination afterwards. I enjoyed this film also and give it a thumbs up.
Roger: So, that's two thumbs up, a first here, for SINGLE WHITE FEMALE. That's all for now -- the tty is closed. -- For the latest review by the Too FAT Guys, finger<EMAIL_ADDRESS>.
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