| 046:031 Khan | : |
O our people! Respond (with obedience) to Allah's Caller (i.e. Allah's Messenger Muhammad SAW), and believe in him (i.e. believe in that which Muhammad SAW has brought from Allah and follow him). He (Allah) will forgive you of your sins, and will save you from a painful torment (i.e. Hell-fire). |
| 046:031 Maulana | : |
O our people, accept the Inviter to Allah and believe in Him. He will forgive you some of your sins and protect you from a painful chastisement |
| 046:031 Pickthal | : |
O our people! respond to Allah's summoner and believe in Him. He will forgive you some of your sins and guard you from a painful doom. |
| 046:031 Rashad | : |
"O our people, respond to the call of GOD, and believe in Him. He will then forgive your sins, and spare you a painful retribution." |
| 046:031 Sarwar | : |
Our people, respond favorably to the Messenger of God and believe in Him. He will forgive your sins and rescue you from the painful torment. |
| 046:031 Shakir | : |
O our people! accept the Divine caller and believe in Him, He will forgive you of your faults and protect you from a painful punishment. |
| 046:031 Sherali | : |
'O our people, respond to ALLAH's summoner and believe in HIM. HE will forgive you your sins, and protect you from a painful punishment, |
| 046:031 Yusufali | : |
"O our people, hearken to the one who invites (you) to Allah, and believe in him: He will forgive you your faults, and deliver you from a Penalty Grievous. |
Concepts/Themes Covered: الإيمان > الغيب > الجن Faith> The Unseen World> The Jinn القرآن الكريم > حقيقته وتصديقه للكتب الأوائل The Holy Quran> The Quran's Reality and its confirmation of the Previous Books القرآن الكريم > وصفه ووجوب الإيمان به The Holy Quran> The Description and the Necessity to Believe it العمل > العمل الطالح > اقتراف الذنوب Action(Work)> Bad Deeds>Committing Sins
This tool uses eight English parallel translations for the Holy Quran imported from Mr. Clay Smith. You can also visit Qurany Concepts for browsing the Quran themes or topics. If you want to search the Holy Quran for keywords, please visit Qurany Keywords.


jar¶
Setup jam sessions and perform mode ID and peakbagging
This jar contains the input layer for setting up jam sessions for peakbagging solar-like oscillators. This is the easiest way to handle targets in PBjam.
It’s possible to manually initiate star class instances and do all the fitting that way, but it’s simpler to just use the session class, which handles everything, including formatting of the inputs.
A jam session is started by initializing the session class instance with a target ID, numax, and a large separation. Additional parameters like the effective surface temperature of the star, are optional but help convergence.
Lists of the above can be provided for multiple targets, but it’s often simpler to just provide PBjam with a dictionary or Pandas dataframe. See mytgts.csv for a template.
Custom timeseries or periodogram can be provided as either file pathnames, numpy arrays, or lightkurve.LightCurve/lightkurve.periodogram objects. If nothing is provided PBjam will download the data automatically.
Specific quarters, campgains or sectors can be requested with the relevant keyword (i.e., ‘quarter’ for KIC, etc.). If none of these are provided, PBjam will download all available data, picking the long cadence versions by default.
Once initialized, the session class contains a list of star class instances for each requested target, with associated spectra for each.
The next step is to perform a mode ID on the spectra. At the moment PBjam only supports use of the asymptotic relation mode ID method.
Finally the peakbagging method takes the output from the modeID and performs a proper HMC peakbagging run.
Plotting the results of each stage is also possible.
Note
Target IDs must be resolvable by Lightkurve
For automatic download the long cadence data set is used by default, so set the cadence to ‘short’ for main-sequence targets.
-
pbjam.jar.
arr_to_lk
(x, y, name, typ)[source]¶ LightKurve object from input
Creates either a lightkurve.LightCurve or lightkurve.periodogram object from the input arrays.
Parameters: - x (list-like) – First column of timeseries or periodogram (time/frequency).
- y (list-like) – Second column of timeseries or periodogram (flux/power).
- name (string) – Target ID
- typ (string) – Either timeseries or periodogram.
Returns: lkobj – Either lightkurve.LightCurve or lightkurve.periodogram object depending on typ.
Return type:
-
pbjam.jar.
clean_lc
(lc)[source]¶ Perform LightKurve operations on object
Performes basic cleaning of a light curve, removing nans, outliers, median filtering etc.
Parameters: lc (LightKurve.LightCurve instance) – LightKurve object to be cleaned Returns: lc – The cleaned LightKurve object Return type: LightKurve.LightCurve instance
-
pbjam.jar.
format_col
(vardf, col, key)[source]¶ Add timeseries or psd column to dataframe based on input
Based on the contents of col, will try to format col and add it as a column to vardf with column name key. col can be many things, so the decision is based mainly on the dimensionality of col.
If dim = 0, it’s assumed that col is either None, or a string, (for the latter it assumes there is then only one target).
If dim = 1, it’s assumed that col is a list-like object, consisting of either None or strings, these are passed along without modification.
If dim = 2, col is assumed to be either a time series or power spectrum of shape (2,M), with time/frequency in 1st row and flux/power in the second.
If dim = 3, it is assumed to be list of (2,M) arrays.
In both of the latter cases col is converted to LightKurve object(s).
Parameters: - vardf (pandas.DataFrame instance) – Pandas Dataframe instance to which either a timeseries or psd column will be added.
- col (object) – Input from Session call, corresponding to key
- key (name of column to add to H) –
-
pbjam.jar.
lc_to_lk
(vardf, use_cached=True)[source]¶ Convert time series column in dataframe to lk.LightCurve object
Goes through the timeseries column in the dataframe and tries to convert it to a LightKurve.LightCurve object. If string, it’s assumed to be a file path name, if None, it will query the LightCurve cache locally or MAST if nothing is found. Skips column entries which are already LightKurve objects or if a psd for the star in question exists in the psd column.
Parameters: vardf (pandas.DataFrame instance) – Dataframe containing a ‘timeseries’ column consisting of None, strings or LightKurver.LightCurve objects.
-
pbjam.jar.
lk_to_pg
(vardf)[source]¶ Convert psd column in dataframe to lk periodgram object list
Takes whatever is in the psd column of a dataframe and tries to turn it into a LightKurve.periodogram object. If column entry is a string, it assumes it’s a path name, if None, it will try to take what’s in the timeseries column and compute periodogram based on that. If a periodogram object is already present, it’ll just flatten it (to be safe) and then continue on.
Parameters: vardf (pandas.DataFrame instance) – Dataframe containing a ‘psd’ column consisting of None, strings or LightKurver.periodogram objects.
-
pbjam.jar.
organize_sess_dataframe
(vardf)[source]¶ Takes input dataframe and organizes
Checks to see if required columns are present in the input dataframe, and adds optional columns if they don’t exists, containing None values.
Parameters: vardf (Pandas.DataFrame) – Input dataframe
-
pbjam.jar.
organize_sess_input
(**vardct)[source]¶ Takes input and organizes them in a dataframe
Checks to see if required inputs are present and inserts them into a dataframe. Any optional columns that are not included in the input are added as None columns.
Parameters: vardct (objects) – Variable inputs to Session class to be arranged into a dataframe Returns: vardf – Dataframe containing the inputs from Session class call. Return type: Pandas.DataFrame
-
pbjam.jar.
query_lightkurve
(id, lkwargs, use_cached)[source]¶ Check cache for fits file, or download it
Based on use_cached flag, will look in the cache for fits file corresponding to request id star. If nothing is found in cached it will be downloaded from the MAST server.
Parameters: - id (string) – Identifier for the requested star. Must be resolvable by LightKurve
- lkwargs (dictionary containing keywords for the LightKurve search.) – cadence, quarter, campaign, sector, month.
- use_cached (bool) – Whether or not to used data in the LightKurve cache.
- Note –
- ----- –
- long cadence over short cadence unless otherwise specified. (Prioritizes) –
-
pbjam.jar.
query_mast
(id, lkwargs)[source]¶ Search for target on MAST server
Get all the lightcurves available for a target id, using options in kwargs dictionary.
Parameters: - id (string) – Target id, must be resolvable by LightKurve
- lkwargs (dictionary containing keywords for the LightKurve search.) – cadence, quarter, campaign, sector, month.
Returns: search_results – List of fits files for the requested target
Return type:
-
class
pbjam.jar.
session
(ID=None, numax=None, dnu=None, teff=None, bp_rp=None, timeseries=None, psd=None, dictlike=None, store_chains=True, nthreads=1, use_cached=False, cadence=None, campaign=None, sector=None, month=None, quarter=None, make_plots=False, path=None, model_type='simple')[source]¶ Main class used to initiate peakbagging.
Use this class to initialize a star class instance for one or more targets.
Once initialized, calling this class instance will execute a complete peakbagging run.
Data can be provided in multiple different ways, the simplest of which is just to let PBjam query the MAST server. Otherwise arrays of timeseries/power spectra, lightkurve.LightCurve/lightkurve.periodogram, or just path names as strings, is also possible.
The physical parameters, numax, dnu, teff, must each be provided at least as a list of length 2 for each star. This should contain the parameter value and it’s error.
For multiple target all the above can be provided as lists, but the easiest way is to simply provide a dataframe from csv file.
Examples
Peakbagging run for a single target:
>>> jam_sess = pbjam.session(ID = '4448777', numax = [220.0, 3.0], dnu = [16.97, 0.01], teff = [4750, 100], bp_rp = [1.34, 0.01], cadence = 'short') >>> jam_sess()
Peakbagging run for multiple targets: jam_sess = pbjam.session(dictlike = mydataframe) jam_sess()
By default, PBjam will download all the available data, favoring long cadence. Cadence and specific observing seasons (quarter, month, campagin, sector) can be specified for more detailed control.
Parameters: - ID (string, int) – Target identifier, if custom timeseries/periodogram is provided, it must be resolvable by LightKurve (KIC, TIC, EPIC, HD, etc.)
- numax (list) – List of the form [numax, numax_error], list of lists for multiple targets
- dnu (list) – List of the form [dnu, dnu_error], list of lists for multiple targets
- teff (list, optional) – List of the form [teff, teff_error], list of lists for multiple targets
- bp_rp (list, optional) – List of the form [bp_rp, bp_rp_error], list of lists for multiple targets
- timeseries (object, optional) – Timeseries input. Leave as None for PBjam to download it automatically. Otherwise, arrays of shape (2,N), lightkurve.LightCurve objects, or strings for pathnames are accepted.
- psd (object, optional) – Periodogram input. Leave as None for PBjam to use Timeseries to compute it for you. Otherwise, arrays of shape (2,N), lightkurve.periodogram objects, or strings for pathnames are accepted.
- dictlike (pandas.DataFrame or dictionary, optional) – DataFrame, dictionary, record array with a list of targets, and their properties. If string, PBjam will assume it’s a pathname to a csv file. Specify timeseries and psd columns with file pathnames to use manually reduced data.
- store_chains (bool, optional) – Flag for storing all the full set of samples from the MCMC run. Warning, if running multiple targets, make sure you have enough memory.
- nthreads (int, optional) – Number of multiprocessing threads to use to perform the fit. For long cadence data 1 is best, more will just add parallelization overhead. Untested on short cadence.
- use_cached (bool) – Flag for using cached data. If fitting the same targets multiple times, use to this to not download the data every time.
- cadence (string) – Argument for lightkurve to download correct data type. Can be ‘short’ or ‘long’. ‘long’ is default setting, so if you’re looking at main sequence stars, make sure to manually set ‘short’.
- month (int) – Argument for lightkurve when requesting Kepler short cadence data.
- quarter (int) – Argument for lightkurve when requesting Kepler data.
- campaign (int) – Argument for lightkurve when requesting K2 data.
- sector (int) – Argument for lightkurve when requesting TESS data.
-
nthreads
¶ Number of multiprocessing threads to use to perform the fit. For long cadence data 1 is best, more will just add parallelization overhead. Untested on short cadence.
Type: int, optional
-
pbjam.jar.
sort_lc
(lc)[source]¶ Sort a lightcurve in LightKurve object
LightKurve lightcurves are not necessarily sorted in time, which causes an error in periodogram.
Parameters: lc (LightKurve.LightCurve instance) – LightKurve object to be modified Returns: lc – The sorted LightKurve object Return type: LightKurve.LightCurve instance


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This guide covers PostgreSQL specific usage of Active Record.
After reading this guide, you will know:
In order to use the PostgreSQL adapter you need to have at least version 8.2 installed. Older versions are not supported.
To get started with PostgreSQL have a look at the configuring Rails guide. It describes how to properly setup Active Record for PostgreSQL.
PostgreSQL offers a number of specific datatypes. Following is a list of types, that are supported by the PostgreSQL adapter.
# db/migrate/20140207133952_create_documents.rb create_table :documents do |t| t.binary 'payload' end # app/models/document.rb class Document < ActiveRecord::Base end # Usage data = File.read(Rails.root + "tmp/output.pdf") Document.create payload: data
# db/migrate/20140207133952_create_books.rb create_table :books do |t| t.string 'title' t.string 'tags', array: true t.integer 'ratings', array: true end add_index :books, :tags, using: 'gin' add_index :books, :ratings, using: 'gin' # app/models/book.rb class Book < ActiveRecord::Base end # Usage Book.create title: "Brave New World", tags: ["fantasy", "fiction"], ratings: [4, 5] ## Books for a single tag Book.where("'fantasy' = ANY (tags)") ## Books for multiple tags Book.where("tags @> ARRAY[?]::varchar[]", ["fantasy", "fiction"]) ## Books with 3 or more ratings Book.where("array_length(ratings, 1) >= 3")
# db/migrate/20131009135255_create_profiles.rb ActiveRecord::Schema.define do create_table :profiles do |t| t.hstore 'settings' end end # app/models/profile.rb class Profile < ActiveRecord::Base end # Usage Profile.create(settings: { "color" => "blue", "resolution" => "800x600" }) profile = Profile.first profile.settings # => {"color"=>"blue", "resolution"=>"800x600"} profile.settings = {"color" => "yellow", "resolution" => "1280x1024"} profile.save!
# db/migrate/20131220144913_create_events.rb create_table :events do |t| t.json 'payload' end # app/models/event.rb class Event < ActiveRecord::Base end # Usage Event.create(payload: { kind: "user_renamed", change: ["jack", "john"]}) event = Event.first event.payload # => {"kind"=>"user_renamed", "change"=>["jack", "john"]} ## Query based on JSON document # The -> operator returns the original JSON type (which might be an object), whereas ->> returns text Event.where("payload->>'kind' = ?", "user_renamed")
This type is mapped to Ruby Range
objects.
# db/migrate/20130923065404_create_events.rb create_table :events do |t| t.daterange 'duration' end # app/models/event.rb class Event < ActiveRecord::Base end # Usage Event.create(duration: Date.new(2014, 2, 11)..Date.new(2014, 2, 12)) event = Event.first event.duration # => Tue, 11 Feb 2014...Thu, 13 Feb 2014 ## All Events on a given date Event.where("duration @> ?::date", Date.new(2014, 2, 12)) ## Working with range bounds event = Event. select("lower(duration) AS starts_at"). select("upper(duration) AS ends_at").first event.starts_at # => Tue, 11 Feb 2014 event.ends_at # => Thu, 13 Feb 2014
Currently there is no special support for composite types. They are mapped to normal text columns:
CREATE TYPE full_address AS ( city VARCHAR(90), street VARCHAR(90) );
# db/migrate/20140207133952_create_contacts.rb execute <<-SQL CREATE TYPE full_address AS ( city VARCHAR(90), street VARCHAR(90) ); SQL create_table :contacts do |t| t.column :address, :full_address end # app/models/contact.rb class Contact < ActiveRecord::Base end # Usage Contact.create address: "(Paris,Champs-Élysées)" contact = Contact.first contact.address # => "(Paris,Champs-Élysées)" contact.address = "(Paris,Rue Basse)" contact.save!
Currently there is no special support for enumerated types. They are mapped as normal text columns:
# db/migrate/20131220144913_create_articles.rb execute <<-SQL CREATE TYPE article_status AS ENUM ('draft', 'published'); SQL create_table :articles do |t| t.column :status, :article_status end # app/models/article.rb class Article < ActiveRecord::Base end # Usage Article.create status: "draft" article = Article.first article.status # => "draft" article.status = "published" article.save!
# db/migrate/20131220144913_create_revisions.rb create_table :revisions do |t| t.column :identifier, :uuid end # app/models/revision.rb class Revision < ActiveRecord::Base end # Usage Revision.create identifier: "A0EEBC99-9C0B-4EF8-BB6D-6BB9BD380A11" revision = Revision.first revision.identifier # => "a0eebc99-9c0b-4ef8-bb6d-6bb9bd380a11"
# db/migrate/20131220144913_create_users.rb create_table :users, force: true do |t| t.column :settings, "bit(8)" end # app/models/device.rb class User < ActiveRecord::Base end # Usage User.create settings: "01010011" user = User.first user.settings # => "01010011" user.settings = "0xAF" user.settings # => 10101111 user.save!
The types inet
and cidr
are mapped to Ruby
IPAddr
objects. The macaddr
type is mapped to normal text.
# db/migrate/20140508144913_create_devices.rb create_table(:devices, force: true) do |t| t.inet 'ip' t.cidr 'network' t.macaddr 'address' end # app/models/device.rb class Device < ActiveRecord::Base end # Usage macbook = Device.create(ip: "<IP_ADDRESS>", network: "<IP_ADDRESS>/24", address: "32:01:16:6d:05:ef") macbook.ip # => #<IPAddr: IPv4:<IP_ADDRESS>/<IP_ADDRESS>> macbook.network # => #<IPAddr: IPv4:<IP_ADDRESS>/<IP_ADDRESS>> macbook.address # => "32:01:16:6d:05:ef"
All geometric types, with the exception of points
are mapped to normal text.
A point is casted to an array containing x
and y
coordinates.
NOTE: you need to enable the uuid-ossp
extension to generate UUIDs.
# db/migrate/20131220144913_create_devices.rb enable_extension 'uuid-ossp' unless extension_enabled?('uuid-ossp') create_table :devices, id: :uuid, default: 'uuid_generate_v4()' do |t| t.string :kind end # app/models/device.rb class Device < ActiveRecord::Base end # Usage device = Device.create device.id # => "814865cd-5a1d-4771-9306-4268f188fe9e"
# db/migrate/20131220144913_create_documents.rb create_table :documents do |t| t.string 'title' t.string 'body' end execute "CREATE INDEX documents_idx ON documents USING gin(to_tsvector('english', title || ' ' || body));" # app/models/document.rb class Document < ActiveRecord::Base end # Usage Document.create(title: "Cats and Dogs", body: "are nice!") ## all documents matching 'cat & dog' Document.where("to_tsvector('english', title || ' ' || body) @@ to_tsquery(?)", "cat & dog")
Imagine you need to work with a legacy database containing the following table:
rails_pg_guide=# \d "TBL_ART"
Table "public.TBL_ART"
Column | Type | Modifiers
------------+-----------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------
INT_ID | integer | not null default nextval('"TBL_ART_INT_ID_seq"'::regclass)
STR_TITLE | character varying |
STR_STAT | character varying | default 'draft'::character varying
DT_PUBL_AT | timestamp without time zone |
BL_ARCH | boolean | default false
Indexes:
"TBL_ART_pkey" PRIMARY KEY, btree ("INT_ID")
This table does not follow the Rails conventions at all. Because simple PostgreSQL views are updateable by default, we can wrap it as follows:
# db/migrate/20131220144913_create_articles_view.rb execute <<-SQL CREATE VIEW articles AS SELECT "INT_ID" AS id, "STR_TITLE" AS title, "STR_STAT" AS status, "DT_PUBL_AT" AS published_at, "BL_ARCH" AS archived FROM "TBL_ART" WHERE "BL_ARCH" = 'f' SQL # app/models/article.rb class Article < ActiveRecord::Base self.primary_key = "id" def archive! update_attribute :archived, true end end # Usage first = Article.create! title: "Winter is coming", status: "published", published_at: 1.year.ago second = Article.create! title: "Brace yourself", status: "draft", published_at: 1.month.ago Article.count # => 1 first.archive! Article.count # => 2
NOTE: This application only cares about non-archived Articles
. A view also
allows for conditions so we can exclude the archived Articles
directly.


Setting the Payment Processor
How to configure payment processing for this site and receive payment from users who subscribe to Member Services (roles) on this site. PayPal is the only payment processor included by default, however your DNN developer can configure DNN to work with other providers. The PayPal Sandbox (https://developer.paypal.com) allows you to test PayPal and have test orders sent to the payment gateway without taking live transactions. Enabling the PayPal Sandbox allows you to create paid subscriptions and test the process without spending any real money. To use this system you must sign up for a Sandbox account and use those credentials in the Payment Settings section shown below. See "Adding a Security Role with a Fee" for more details on setting up subscriptions.
- Navigate to Admin > Site Settings.
- Expand the Payment Settings section.
- At Currency, select the currency to process payments with.
- At Payment Processor, select a payment processing company from the drop down list. E.g. PayPal
- Click Go To Payment Processor WebSite and sign up for an account.
- In the Processor UserId text box, enter the UserID code provided by PayPal.
- In the Processor Password text box, enter the Password provided by PayPal.
- Optional. In the PayPal Return URL text box, enter the page URL that subscribers are redirected to after payment. Leave blank to return to the Home page.
- Optional. In the PayPal Cancel URL text box, enter page URL that subscribers are redirected if payment is canceled. Leave blank to return to the Home page.
- At Use Sandbox?, select from these options
-
to enable PayPal Sandbox.
-
to disable Sandbox and enable live transactions.
-
Click the Update button.


This Project Was To Show The Income Of What Ever Career That You Choose. .
I would like to pursue a career as a Advertising/Marketing Manager. I selected this job because i have a very high interest in visual arts,and design.The starting salary ranges between $69,300 and $94,300.The number I will use that is in the middle is $71,000 ,this will be my starting salary for my project.I will go to a 4 year college to get a B.F.A in advertising.When I get my first job I will move forward and earn my M.F.A.


Constructor
# new CascadeService()
CascadeService objects should be constructed from cascade.service
Methods
# getKafkaTopics() → {Array.<string>}
Returns a list of all of the kafka topics that this service has created
Array.<string>
# async pause() → {Promise}
Pauses the service, any messages pending for retries will be held until the service is resumed
Promise
# run() → {Promise}
Invokes the server to start listening for messages.
Equivalent to consumer.run
Promise
# setDefaultRoute(levels, options) → {promise}
Sets the parameters for the default retry route or when an unknown status is provided when the service rejects the message.
Levels is the number of times a message can be retried before being sent the DLQ callback.
Options can contain timeoutLimit as a number array. For each entry it will determine the delay for the message before it is retried.
Options can contain batchLimit as a number array. For each entry it will determine how many messages to wait for at the corresponding retry level before sending all pending messages at once.
If options is not provided then the default route is to have a batch limit of 1 for each retry level.
If both timeoutLimit and batchLimit are provided then timeoutLimit takes precedence
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
levels |
number | number of retry levels before the message is sent to the DLQ |
options |
object | sets the retry strategies of the levels |
promise
# setRoute(status, levels, options) → {Promise}
Sets additional routes for the retry strategies when a status is provided when the message is rejected in the service callback.
See 'setDefaultRoute' for a discription of the parameters
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
status |
string | status code used to trigger this route |
levels |
number | number of retry levels before the message is sent to the DLQ |
options |
object | sets the retry strategies of the levels |
Promise


I am a programmer by heart and a software developer by profession. I have experiences in Django stack and Tkinter.


Owls are enigmatic birds, by turns mysterious, lovable, or spooky, depending on who you ask. With over 200 species living on every continent except Antarctica, owls have super-tuned senses that help them hunt prey all over the world. And they’re pretty darn cute, too.
1. OWLS CAN TURN THEIR HEADS ALMOST ALL THE WAY AROUND—BUT NOT QUITE.
It’s a myth that owls can rotate their heads 360 degrees. The birds can actually turn their necks 135 degrees in either direction, which gives them 270 degrees of total movement. According to scientists, bone adaptations, blood vessels with contractile reservoirs, and a supporting vascular network allow the owls to turn their heads that far without cutting off blood to the brain.
2. OWLS HAVE FAR-SIGHTED, TUBULAR EYES.
Instead of spherical eyeballs, owls have "eye tubes" that go far back into their skulls—which means their eyes are fixed in place, so they have to turn their heads to see. The size of their eyes helps them see in the dark, and they're far-sighted, which allows them to spot prey from yards away. Up close, everything is blurry, and they depend on small, hair-like feathers on their beaks and feet to feel their food.
3. THEY HAVE SUPER-POWERED HEARING.
Owls are capable of hearing prey under leaves, plants, dirt, and snow. Some owls have sets of ears at different heights on their heads, which lets them locate prey based on tiny differences in sound waves. Other owls have flat faces with special feathers that focus sound, essentially turning their faces into one big ear. (The “ear tufts” on some owls are feathers.)
4. OWL FLIGHT IS SILENT.
Unlike most birds, owls make virtually no noise when they fly. They have special feathers that break turbulence into smaller currents, which reduces sound. Soft velvety down further muffles noise.
5.
Getting killed by an owl is gruesome. First the owl grabs the prey and crushes it to death with its strong talons. Then, depending on the size, it either eats the prey whole or rips it up. The owl’s digestive tract processes the body, and the parts that can’t be digested, like fur and bones, are compacted into a pellet, which the owl later regurgitates. Sometimes, those pellets are collected for kids to dissect in school.
6. THEY SOMETIMES EAT OTHER OWLS.
 Great horned owls, for example, will attack the barred owl. The barred owl, in turn, sometimes eats the Western screech-owl. In fact, owl-on-owl predation may be a reason why Western screech-owl numbers have declined.
7. OWLS FEED THE STRONGEST BABIES FIRST.
As harsh as it sounds, the parents always feed the oldest and strongest owlet before its sibling. This means that if food is scarce, the youngest chicks will starve. After an owlet leaves the nest, it often lives nearby in the same tree, and its parents still bring it food. If it can survive the first winter on its own, its chances of survival are good.
8. THEY'RE MASTERS OF CAMOUFLAGE.
Alastair Rae, Wikimedia Commons // CC BY-SA 2.0
Many owls sleep in broad daylight, but the colors and markings on their feathers—like the African Scops Owl, above—let them blend in with their surroundings.
9. SOMETIMES THEY MAKE A TERRIFYING HISSING NOISE.
Aside from hooting, owls make a variety of calls, from screeches to whistles to squeaks. The barn owl hisses when it feels threatened, which sounds like something from a nightmare.
10. ELF OWLS LIVE IN CACTI.
The smallest owl is the elf owl, which lives in the southwestern United States and Mexico. It will sometimes make its home in the giant saguaro cactus, nesting in holes made by other animals. However, the elf owl isn’t picky and will also live in trees or on telephone poles.
11. BURROWING OWLS TAKE OVER PRAIRIE DOG TOWNS—AND HUNT WITH POOP.
The long-legged burrowing owl lives in South and North America. One of the few owls that is active during the daytime, it nests in the ground, moving into tunnels excavated by other animals such as prairie dogs. They’ll also dig their own homes if necessary. Then, they'll surround the entrances to their burrows with dung and "sit at the burrow entrance all day long and it looks like they're doing nothing," University of Florida zoologist Douglas Levey told National Geographic. But they're not doing nothing: They're fishing. The poop is bait for dung beetles, one of the owls' favorite types of prey. "Everybody who studies burrowing owls knows they bring dung back to their burrows, and they know that burrowing owls eat a lot of dung beetles. But nobody had put two and two together," Levey, co-author of a 2004 study announcing the behavior, said.
12. OWLS ARE NATURAL PEST CONTROL FOR FARMERS.
Owls eat a lot of rodents. A single barn owl family will eat 3000 rodents in a four-month breeding cycle. One owl can eat 50 pounds of gophers in a year. Many farmers are installing owl nesting boxes in the hopes that owls will clean out pests like gophers and voles from their land. This natural form of pest control is safer and cheaper than using poison, and it’s better for the owls too. Many owls die each year from eating rodents that have been poisoned.
13. OWLS WERE ONCE A SIGN OF VICTORY IN BATTLE ...
In ancient Greece, the Little Owl was the companion of Athena, the Greek goddess of wisdom, which is one reason why owls symbolize learning and knowledge. But Athena was also a warrior goddess and the owl was considered the protector of armies going into war. If Greek soldiers saw an owl fly by during battle, they took it as a sign of coming victory.
14. ... AND A SYMBOL OF DEATH.
From ancient times on, owls have been linked with death, evil, and other superstitions. Many cultures saw owls as a sign of impending death. For example, an owl was said to have predicted the death of Julius Caesar.  While this may sound like Halloween fun, many cultures still have superstitions about owls and in some places, owls are killed based on these beliefs.
15. OWLS AND HUMANS GENERALLY GET ALONG.
Owls have been popular since ancient times. They show up in Egyptian hieroglyphs and the 30,000-year-old cave paintings in France. Falconers have used owls since the Middle Ages, although not as commonly as other birds. Today, we still love owls. Though it’s illegal to keep them as pets in the United States, they’re intelligent and sociable. (Most of the time, anyway—owls can attack humans when feeling threatened.) In Japan, there are even owl cafés, where you can hang out with owls while drinking tea.


Biography
Hello;
a Human being's biogrpahy shouldn't be listied in a paragrph
but heres a keypoints in my humble 30years spended on palnet Earth.
I never though of studing computer at collage because I thought I knew everything I needed about it.
So when I majored in Software I was actully surprised of how little things that I knew!
I fell in love with software at my graduation project where I coded something for my own and it was really good.
After Grduation ,I didnt have much on my plate,and being from a small Hometown I couldn't find a job that would make me grow in software so i choose
teaching as a last resort.
Now am extremly delighted to be in this course I hope to grow
and acomplish what I wanted.
I am also Found of reading books and novels.
- High school Diploma
- Bacholars degree in Software Engineering
Education
Goals
- I aspire to be a proffisonal web devloper
- A driving license. Yes! this is one of my goals this year
- Read at least 20 books this year
Top Ten Books
- The twilight Saga
- The Rose And the dagger
- Angels and Demods
- The subtle art of not giving a f***
- Death On the Nile
- Fifty Rules of Love
- The Wrath & the Dawn
- Weatharing hights
- Short Stories by Edgar Allan Poe
- The Munck who sold his Ferrari


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block content %}
This site is for fraternity members to manage their chapter's social events.


Modal body text goes here.
Powering Academia with AI generating creative topic-related concepts. It is an open project AI system trained on neuroscience literature.


Specialized version of Param[Boolean] for Java.
Specialized version of Param[Double] for Java.
Specialized version of Param[Float] for Java.
Specialized version of Param[Int] for Java.
Specialized version of Param[Long] for Java.
:: AlphaComponent :: A param with self-contained documentation and optionally default value.
:: AlphaComponent :: A param to value map.
A param amd its value.
:: AlphaComponent :: Trait for components that take parameters.


Man United's attacking trio gives Solskjaer reason for optimism
REUTERS: Manchester United manager Ole Gunnar Solskjaer praised forwards Anthony Martial, Marcus Rashford and Mason Greenwood after their ruthless display in front of goal secured passage to the Europa League knockout stages with a 3-0 win over Partizan Belgrade.
Teenager Greenwood opened the scoring on Thursday before a spectacular solo effort from Martial in the 33rd minute, the first time United have scored twice in the first half at Old Trafford this season.
Rashford's powerful strike four minutes into the second half put the result beyond doubt.
"I'm very pleased with all of those finishes, all three goals were high class," Solskjaer said.
"Mason showed great composure, ... Anthony's was probably the skill of the night, and then I was very pleased Marcus scored with his left foot. He'll need more goals on his left because he is in that position often and he can go both ways.
"This is a little bit of a template of how we want to play. Of course, it's the opposition that allow you to play that way as well."
The only negative for Solskjaer on the night was an ankle injury to midfielder Scott McTominay in the closing stages of the match.
The 22-year-old has started all 11 of United's Premier League matches this season but may miss Sunday's game against Brighton & Hove Albion on Sunday.
"It didn't look too good," Solskjaer added. "He went over on the inside of his ankle. He said he was going to be OK out on the pitch because he is tough but then he had to come off. I hope he will recover for Sunday, but I am not sure."
(Reporting by Hardik Vyas in Bengaluru; Editing by Peter Rutherford)


User
Query options
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Max. amount of circles to draw (closest first)
Markers to highlight (closest first)
Hide circles with less than 100m distance
Highlight markers with less than 100m distance
Update


JSON Editor Online is a web-based tool to view, edit, and format JSON. It shows your data side by side in a clear, editable treeview and in a code editor.
Supported browsers: Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Opera, Internet Explorer 8+.
Website: http://jsoneditoronline.org.
Contents:
The applications main menu contains options to clear, load and save the JSON contents of the application. Files can be loaded from disk (via menu or drag and drop), url, or online, and can be saved online or to disk. Please note that due to security restrictions, the application can only open urls from public websites, not from an intranet. The data policy is described here.
Documents can be saved online by clicking menu Save, save online. Online saved documents can be loaded (and shared with others) via their url. This url looks like:
To open a saved document, go to menu Open. This menu contains a list with all saved documents. Documents can be deleted here too by clicking the cross right of the document name. Note that the list with documents is stored in the browsers local storage. When reinstalling your browser or clearing all browser data, this list will be gone.
Online saved documents have a name, which is displayed in the top left of the application. The name can be changed by clicking it, this will open a dialog where a new name can be entered.
Fia menu Open, Open url, one can open an arbitrary url into JSON Editor Online. Note that it's not possible to save changes to this url, and that the JSON document must be publicly available (CORS must be enabled for http://jsoneditoronline.org, and no credentials or tokens must be required).
In the settings, one can specify an indentation and JSON schema validation.
Indentation in the left panel (code editor) can be configured. The indentation is 2 spaces by default. Indentation is only applied after formatting the code again (button "Format").
To validate the structure of a JSON document against a JSON schema. As schema, you can either select one of your own online stored documents, or select a public url (like /test/schema.json). When a schema is specified, JSON Editor will show validation errors when the structure of your document does not conform the schema. More information on JSON schema validation can be found on http://json-schema.org/.
The application contains two panels: a code editor on the left, and a Tree Editor on the right.
There is a splitter between the two panels, allowing to change the width of both panels according to ones needs. To copy the contents from one panel to an other, the two copy buttons between the panels can be used.
The code editor displays JSON data in a code editor. The editor is capable of formatting, compacting, and inspecting JSON.
The menu of the code editor contains the following buttons:
The Tree editor displays the JSON data in an editable tree. The editor makes it easy to create, duplicate, remove fields, and to edit the contents of the fields.
The menu of the tree editor contains the following functions:
The field values in the editor are editable input fields. The fields can be dragged up and down using the dragarea on the left side of the fields. When a field is the last item of the childs of an array or object, the field can also be dragged horizontally to move it in or out of the array or object.
Right from the dragarea is a button to open the actions menu. Depending on the type of field, the following functionality is available in the actions menu:
To automatically load a JSON document when opening the JSON Editor,
the query parameters id
, url
, and json
can be used:
To load an online stored document via it's id, add a query parameter named id
to the url, having the documents id as value:
To load a JSON document from a query parameter, add a query parameter named json
with the JSON document as value:
http://jsoneditoronline.org/?json={%22name%22:%22John%22,%22age%22:32}
Note that the document must be url-encoded. Furthermore, the total length of an url is limited (a safe maximum is 2048 characters), so it's not possible to store large documents in a query parameter.
To load a JSON document from an url, add a query parameter named url
with the url of the document to be loaded as value:
http://jsoneditoronline.org/?url=http://jsoneditoronline.org/test/example.json
Note that the JSON document must be publicly available (CORS must be enabled for http://jsoneditoronline.org, and no credentials or tokens must be required).
The tree editor supports shortcut keys for all available actions. The editor can be used by just a keyboard. The following short cut keys are available:
| Key | Description |
|---|---|
| Ctrl+S | Save the current document online. |
| Ctrl+> | Copy code from the left panel to the right panel, and move the focus to the right panel. |
| Ctrl+< | Copy code from the the right panel to left panel, and move the focus to the left panel. |
| Key | Description |
|---|---|
| Alt+Arrows | Move the caret up/down/left/right between fields |
| Shift+Arrow Up/Down | Select multiple fields |
| Shift+Alt+Arrows | Move field up/down/left/right |
| Ctrl+D | Duplicate field |
| Ctrl+Del | Remove field |
| Ctrl+Enter | Open link when on a field containing an url |
| Ctrl+Ins | Insert a new field with type auto |
| Ctrl+Shift+Ins | Append a new field with type auto |
| Ctrl+E | Expand or collapse field |
| Alt+End | Move the caret to the last field |
| Ctrl+F | Find |
| F3, Ctrl+G | Find next |
| Shift+F3, Ctrl+Shift+G | Find previous |
| Alt+Home | Move the caret to the first field |
| Ctrl+M | Show actions menu |
| Ctrl+Z | Undo last action |
| Ctrl+Shift+Z | Redo |
The code editor is powered by Ace Editor. This editor's shortcut keys are described here:
https://github.com/ajaxorg/ace/wiki/Default-Keyboard-Shortcuts
Additionally, there are shortcut keys to format/compact the code:
| Key | Description |
|---|---|
| Ctrl+\ | Format JSON data, set proper indentation |
| Ctrl+Shift+\ | Compact JSON data, remove all whitespace |


--- title: "Trouble Sleeping | Emotional & Mental Wellness" layout: "default" ---
Some people have trouble falling asleep. Some people wake up at night and can't fall back to sleep.
Lack of quality sleep can cause some people to feel sluggish and stressed out. They may have a hard time working, studying, and even enjoying themselves because they are so tired.
Below are a few of the plants that are known to help people get more restful sleep. Look for them in the Medicinal Garden.
Common Name: Chamomile
Common Name: Peppermint
Common Name: Snake Plant
This website does not provide medical advice. This site is for information purposes only. Any medical information on this site is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.


Multi Input with Value Help Icon and a custom icon
Multi Input with 1 token
Readonly Multi Input with tokens
Multi Input with 11 tokens (overflowing)
Multi Input with 11 tokens (overflowing) and value help icon
Value States
Multi Input - Success
Multi Input - Information
Information message. This is a Link. Extra long text used as an information message. Extra long text used as an information message - 2. Extra long text used as an information message - 3.
Multi Input - Warning
Multi Input - Error
Tokens
Multi Input without tokens
Add more tokens
Multi Input with 1 token
Add more tokens
Multi Input with 2 tokens
Multi Input with 5 tokens
Add more tokens
Multi Input with Truncated token
dummy button Add MultiInput with single token
Multi Input with N-Items
Multi Input with N-More
Tokens + Suggestions
Create tokens on change and on paste
Token is already in the list
Test value-help-trigger with F4 and Alt + ArrowUp/Down


Uses of Class
org.drip.exposure.universe.MarketVertex
| Package | Description |
|---|---|
| org.drip.exposure.universe |
Exposure Generation - Market States Simulation
|
| org.drip.xva.definition |
XVA Definition - Close Out, Universe
|
| org.drip.xva.derivative |
Burgard Kjaer Dynamic Portfolio Replication
|
| org.drip.xva.dynamics |
XVA Dynamics - Settings and Evolution
|
| org.drip.xva.pde |
Burgard Kjaer PDE Evolution Scheme
|
| org.drip.xva.vertex |
XVA Hypothecation Group Vertex Generators
|
-
Uses of MarketVertex in org.drip.exposure.universe
Methods in org.drip.exposure.universe that return MarketVertex Modifier and Type Method Description static MarketVertex
MarketVertex.  Epochal(JulianDate anchorDate, double overnightReplicator, double csaReplicator, double dealerHazardRate, double dealerRecoveryRate, double dealerFundingSpread, double clientHazardRate, double clientRecoveryRate, double clientFundingSpread, LatentStateVertexContainer latentStateVertexContainer)
Generate an Initial Instance of MarketVertexMarketVertex
MarketPath. epochalMarketVertex()
Retrieve the Epochal Market VertexMarketVertex
MarketEdge. finish()
Retrieve the Market State Vertex FinishMarketVertex
MarketPath. marketVertex(int vertexDate)
Retrieve the Market Vertex for the Specified DateMarketVertex[]
MarketPath. marketVertexArray()
Retrieve the Array of the Market Vertexesstatic MarketVertex
MarketVertex. Nodal(JulianDate anchorDate, double overnightRate, double overnightReplicator, double csaSpread, double csaReplicator, MarketVertexEntity dealerMarketVertex, MarketVertexEntity clientMarketVertex, LatentStateVertexContainer latentStateVertexContainer)
Construct a Nodal Market VertexMarketVertex
MarketEdge. start()
Retrieve the Market State Vertex StartMarketVertex
MarketPath. terminalMarketVertex()
Retrieve the Terminal Market VertexMethods in org.drip.exposure.universe that return types with arguments of type MarketVertex Modifier and Type Method Description java.util.Map<java.lang.Integer,MarketVertex>
MarketVertexGenerator. marketVertex(MarketVertex initialMarketVertex, LatentStateWeiner latentStateWeiner)
Generate the Trajectory of the Simulated Market Vertexesjava.util.Map<java.lang.Integer,MarketVertex>
MarketPath. trajectory()
Retrieve the Trajectory of the Market VertexesMethods in org.drip.exposure.universe with parameters of type MarketVertex Modifier and Type Method Description static MarketPath
MarketPath. FromMarketVertexArray(MarketVertex[] marketVertexArray)
Generate the Market Path from Market Vertex Arrayjava.util.Map<java.lang.Integer,MarketVertex>
MarketVertexGenerator. marketVertex(MarketVertex initialMarketVertex, LatentStateWeiner latentStateWeiner)
Generate the Trajectory of the Simulated Market VertexesConstructors in org.drip.exposure.universe with parameters of type MarketVertex Constructor Description MarketEdge(MarketVertex startingMarketVertex, MarketVertex finishingMarketVertex)
MarketEdge ConstructorConstructor parameters in org.drip.exposure.universe with type arguments of type MarketVertex Constructor Description MarketPath(java.util.Map<java.lang.Integer,MarketVertex> marketVertexTrajectory)
MarketPath Constructor -
Uses of MarketVertex in org.drip.xva.definition
Methods in org.drip.xva.definition with parameters of type MarketVertex Modifier and Type Method Description static CloseOutBilateral
CloseOutBilateral. Market(MarketVertex marketVertex)
Generate the Close Out Bilateral Instance from the Market Vertex -
Uses of MarketVertex in org.drip.xva.derivative
Methods in org.drip.xva.derivative with parameters of type MarketVertex Modifier and Type Method Description double
ReplicationPortfolioVertex. dealerPostDefaultPositionValue(MarketVertex marketVertex)
Compute the Market Value of the Dealer Position Post-Defaultdouble
ReplicationPortfolioVertex. dealerPreDefaultPositionValue(MarketVertex marketVertex)
Compute the Market Value of the Dealer Position Pre-Defaultdouble
EvolutionTrajectoryVertex. verifyFundingConstraint(MarketVertex marketVertex)
Indicate whether Replication Portfolio satisfies the Funding Constraint implied by the Vertex Numeraire -
Uses of MarketVertex in org.drip.xva.dynamics
Methods in org.drip.xva.dynamics with parameters of type MarketVertex Modifier and Type Method Description ExposureAdjustmentAggregator
PathSimulator. simulate(java.util.List<LatentStateLabel> latentStateLabelList, MarketVertex initialMarketVertex, CorrelatedPathVertexDimension correlatedPathVertexDimension)
Simulate the Realized State/Entity Values and their Aggregates over the PathsPathExposureAdjustment
PathSimulator. singleTrajectory(MarketVertex initialMarketVertex, LatentStateWeiner latentStateWeiner)
Generate a Single Trajectory from the Specified Initial Market Vertex and the Evolver Sequence -
Uses of MarketVertex in org.drip.xva.pde
Methods in org.drip.xva.pde with parameters of type MarketVertex Modifier and Type Method Description EvolutionTrajectoryEdge[]
TrajectoryEvolutionScheme. eulerWalk(MarketVertex[] marketVertexArray, BurgardKjaerOperator burgardKjaerOperator, EvolutionTrajectoryVertex initialTrajectoryVertex, double collateral)
Execute a Sequential Array of Euler Time Step Walks -
Uses of MarketVertex in org.drip.xva.vertex
Methods in org.drip.xva.vertex with parameters of type MarketVertex Modifier and Type Method Description static BurgardKjaer
BurgardKjaerBuilder. Initial(JulianDate anchorDate, double forward, MarketVertex marketVertex, CloseOut closeOutScheme)
Construct the Initial Dynamic Dealer Portfolio


UKCloud Limited (“UKC”) and Virtual Infrastructure Group Limited (“VIG”) (together “the Companies”) – in Compulsory Liquidation
On 25 October 2022, the Companies were placed into Liquidation with the Official Receiver appointed as Liquidator and J Robinson and A M Hudson simultaneously appointed as Special Managers to manage the liquidation process on behalf of the Official Receiver.
Further information regarding the Liquidations can be found here: https://www.gov.uk/government/news/virtual-infrastructure-group-limited-and-ukcloud-limited-information-for-creditors-and-interested-parties
Contact details:
For any general queries relating to the Liquidations please email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>For customer related queries please email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>For supplier related queries please email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>How to upgrade your edge gateway
Overview
It's important to keep your edge gateways up to date to ensure that you benefit from the latest features and enhancements.
This article shows you how to upgrade your edge gateway to the latest available version. If you need any assistance with the upgrade process, contact UKCloud Support by raising a Service Request in the My Calls section of the UKCloud Portal.
Different types of edge
VMware Cloud Director uses NSX edge services gateways in three main areas. These are all identical at the virtual network level, however feature exposure in VMware Cloud Director varies. Due to this, there are differences in the method to upgrade these underlying devices.
Organisation edge gateways
These are commonly referred to as edge gateways, and are by far the most widely understood. They provide VPN, NAT, firewall and routing functionality, and appear as the object Edge Gateway in VMware Cloud Director. These edges are referred to as edge gateways throughout this article.
To upgrade an organisation edge gateway, see Upgrading an organisation edge gateway.
Isolated organisation network edges
When you create an isolated organisation network in a VDC in VMware Cloud Director, DHCP services are enabled by default with a DHCP pool of any remaining IP addresses not used by any static IP pools specified for the network. A small NSX edge services gateway is deployed on the network to manage DHCP traffic. If you disable the DHCP service after creation of the network, the edge is removed.
To upgrade an isolated organisation network edge, see Upgrading an isolated network edge.
vApp network edges
vApps and vApp networks have some optional capabilities that require the use of an NSX edge services gateway in the underlying network. This is often due to the vApp being configured as fenced, requiring you to use NAT to communicate outside of the vApp. If you've configured a vApp network with any of the following, an NSX edge services gateway is required:
NAT
Firewall
DHCP Scope
Connection into an organisation network
To upgrade a vApp network edge, see Upgrading a vApp network edge.
Intended audience
To complete the steps in this guide you must have access to the UKCloud Portal and VMware Cloud Director.
Upgrading an organisation edge gateway
Important
Before you begin the upgrade process, bear in mind that this process requires downtime as a new VM needs to be deployed for the edge gateway. There will also be a brief network disruption for the networks that are used by the edge gateway instance. You should make sure that you have planned for this downtime before proceeding.
To upgrade an organisation edge gateway you need to redeploy the edge:
In the VMware Cloud Director Virtual Data Center dashboard, select the VDC that contains the edge gateway you want to upgrade.
In the left navigation panel, under Networking select Edges.
On the Edge Gateways page, select the edge that you want to configure.
Click Redeploy.
In the Confirm Redeploy dialog box, click OK.
Upgrading an isolated network edge
To upgrade an isolated network edge, you need to reset the network. This forces a redeployment of the edge used for the DHCP service.
Important
Before you begin the upgrade process, bear in mind that this process will disrupt DHCP server operations whilst the underlying edge is redeployed.
In the VMware Cloud Director Virtual Data Center dashboard, select the VDC that contains the network edge you want to upgrade.
In the left navigation panel, select Networks.
On the Networks page, select the isolated network that contains the edge you want to upgrade.
Click Reset.
In the Reset Network dialog box, click OK.
Upgrading a vApp network edge
An edge will be present on your vApp network if the network is:
Connected to an organisation network
Configured for NAT and/or firewall services
Configured to supply DHCP services (disabled by default)
To upgrade a vApp network edge you can either reset the network or shut down the vApp and restart it.
Resetting the network
One way to upgrade a vApp network edge is to reset the vApp network.
Important
Before you begin the upgrade process, bear in mind that this process will disrupt any traffic flowing into or out of the vApp network and DHCP services will be interrupted.
In the VMware Cloud Director Virtual Data Center dashboard, select the VDC that contains the vApp with the network edge you want to upgrade.
In the left navigation panel, select vApps.
On the vApps page, in the card for the vApp, click Details.
On the vApp details page, select the Networks tab.
Select the vApp network that contains the edge you want to upgrade.
Click Reset.
In the Reset Network dialog box, click OK.
Shutting down and restarting the vApp
Another way to upgrade a vApp network is to shut down the vApp and restart it. Restarting the vApp in this way recreates any networks in the virtual network space and deploys fresh vApp edges with the configuration held in VMware Cloud Director.
Important
Before you begin the upgrade process, bear in mind that all the vApp resources will be unavailable until the vApp restarts.
In the VMware Cloud Director Virtual Data Center dashboard, select the VDC that contains the vApp with the network edge you want to upgrade.
In the left navigation panel, select vApps.
On the vApps pages, in the card for the vApp, select Actions, then Power Off or Stop.

After the vApp has shut down, in the vApp card, select Actions then Power On.
After the vApp has powered on, the vApp network edge will have been upgraded to the latest version.
Feedback
If you find a problem with this article, click Improve this Doc to make the change yourself or raise an issue in GitHub. If you have an idea for how we could improve any of our services, send an email to feedback@ukcloud.com.


Total Management is a free, tableless, W3C-compliant web design layout by Template
World. This template has been tested and proven compatible with all major browser environments
and operating systems. You are free to modify the design to suit your tastes in any way you like.
We only ask you to not remove
"Design by Template World"
and the link http://www.templateworid.com from the footer of the template.
If you are interested in seeing more of our free web template designs feel free to visit our website. Template World.
We intend to add at least 25 new free templates in the coming month.


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# MDEditor A drop-in JavaScript textarea replacement for writing **beautiful** and **understandable** markdown ## Features - Auto grow - Auto continue lists - Autosave your text - Mobile Friendly - Line highlight - Fully customizable - Themeable - Spell Checker - Keyboard shortcuts - So much more


Home > Contact
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Phone
+250 788 889 092 +250 788 519 880
Email Address
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Feditaction allows you to easily edit an action without having to
type the
whole thing over. You can either use the reference number shown
when you list
your defined actions or the trigger text to edit it. The action
is then
placed in the input line so that you have full editing capabilities.
** NOTE: Actions are stored and looked up by the trigger text.  This will not erase
the action
that you had originally edited. If you wish to remove the original
version you
need to use /unaction.
Click here to return to previous page.


Let's Play Tic-Tac-Toe
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Warden Roderik:
Hello. There are so many people who died innocent here, that is why this place is haunted by so many ghosts and undead. To keep an eye on the dead, that is my job.
Quest


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Fresh Alum aims to provide users with a way to create valuable and long lasting relationships between current Howard students and alumni.
Make Meaningful Connections
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Our team consists of four Howard students. We noticed a disconnect between our current student body and alumni and wanted to use our senior project to change that. We figured providing students and alumni with a direct way of communicating would do just that. So, Fresh Alum was born; An environment for students and alumni to connect, communicate, and create meaningful relationships.


Coronation Street fans notice something strange in Daniel and Sinead's flat
Viewers couldn't believe what they were seeing
by Sophie McCoidCoronation Street fans watched the street gather to say goodbye to Sinead in tonight's episode, but before the funeral they noticed something strange in her and Daniel's flat.
Daniel finally returned to the street with son Bertie, after running away after struggling to cope with Sinead's loss.
Daniel walked into the flat for the first time in over a week and his eyes were drawn to his laptop on the table, that displayed a photo of him, Sinead and Bertie on their wedding day.
The touching photo was taken shortly before Sinead's death, after she lost her battle with cervical cancer.
But viewers were more confused by the fact that the laptop still had power, after being left on for days without being plugged in.
And lots of fans took to twitter following the blunder.
Andrew said: "Christ where did Daniel get that laptop battery"
@emma1293 said: "Unrealistic battery life on that laptop #Corrie "
Adam Saunders said: "BLUNDER ALERT: I’m right thinking nobody has been in Daniel’s flat since he went away. Now he’s back, his laptop has been charged up all this time?"
Despite Daniel saying he wasn't going to the funeral he was eventually persuaded by Beth to go and to take Bertie with him as well.
But as they were at the funeral the episode ended with a burglar in their flat stealing the laptop - sure to leave Daniel heartbroken.
*Coronation Street continues at 8:30pm on ITV tonight


So about 6 months ago, I was prescribed gabapentin, because my psychiatrist wanted me to get off of using quetiapine (an antipsychotic) for sleep. He recommended taking 300 mgs the first night, and if that didn't work, 600 mgs the next night, and then up to the maximum I was supposed to take, 900 mgs. Well, I got up to 900 mgs and it wasn't helping me sleep at all; in fact, it really wasn't doing anything, positive or negative. So I gave up on it and went back to quetiapine.
Flash forward to today (okay, technically yesterday). I had just finished a final and was feeling great and really wanted an upper of some kind. I didn't have the connections to get cocaine, and I was bored of caffeine. I even considered getting some Benzedrex from the store and eating the little foam cotton thing. Finally, frustrated, I tried to think of things in my apartment that I could use. I realized I had a whole bottle of gabapentin that could possibly do something interesting. After researching about it (I'm a little OCD about that), I found that it could have some interesting effects and that it was basically impossible to overdose on.
So at 10 pm I took 6 pills, 300 mgs each for a total of 1.8 grams, then went to my friend's boyfriend's house. I was starting to feel a little shaky, but that was all. He was excited about the pills and also took 6 of them. For a while, nothing really happened, but then around 11 I started getting really excited and extremely talkative. I basically said whatever came to my mind. I was so excited about the gabapentin that I popped two more, a little after 11 pm (+1 hour).
After this I stood in the middle of the room and just talked and talked. I felt like I was floating while standing, and that I was weightless. Touching things like the carpet or my leg felt amazing and I felt incredibly happy and relaxed. I was also sort of swaying, like I felt like I was on a boat. Not dizzy, just the loss of balance.
Then at 12:30 (+2.5 hours). I popped another one, feeling great and wanting the experience to continue. I was now up to 2.7 grams. My friend took two more pills, now at 8 pills total, because he wasn't feeling anything. He was bored so he put on a radio recording he had of people arguing about gays and transgendered people. It made me extremely upset and I almost started crying. The emotions were overwhelming. I was relieved when his boyfriend told him to turn it off, and then I almost instantly forgot about it and felt great again. Then I had to drive him home, which I probably shouldn't have done.
[Erowid Note: Driving while intoxicated or tripping is dangerous and irresponsible because it endangers other people. Don't do it!] Luckily my loss of balance didn't inhibit my driving abilities much, and I drove slowly and as safely as possible, and we got there fine. It was only like a mile away.
Anyway, we got there, and we hung out with some other friends. One of them took 6 pills, but ended up feeling nothing but tiredness. At around 1 am (+3 hours) I took another pill. I was now extremely hyper and beginning to act weird, like rubbing the carpet because the texture was nice, or putting my arms in strange positions. I was also talking a lot to everyone and moving around a lot. A friend and I had a cigarette and I basically talked at him the entire time. But I felt amazing, like all the stress I had been carrying had melted away and that everything would always be good.
So then it's 1:30 (+3.5 hours) and I took my 10th pill of the night, to make 3 grams total. I convinced my friend to take some at the same time as me, so he took two and then also had had 3 grams. People in the house started going to bed so me and my friend moved to the living room to watch tv. It was too hard to focus on that so I just talked to him, even though he probably just wanted to watch tv. I spilled out all my worries and what I wanted to do with my life, etc. Eventually I stopped talking as much and he went to sleep. I got annoyed by that and kept waking him up so I could talk to him.
I didn't feel tired at all, and was eventually left with him asleep and only the tv. He was so asleep that I moved his arms and made him poke himself in the face, and he didn't wake up. I don't know why I was doing that. I turned the tv on to the discovery health channel, my favorite, and half-watched that for a while. A commercial about inventors made me decide I was going to invent things and be rich, and I knew it for sure. My whole body was still feeling tingly and floaty.
Finally I decided to go home around 2:30 am. I again had to drive a little slowly and pay as much attention as I could, but I was completely fine. I stumbled out of my car and almost fell over, and then walking to my apartment I felt like I was drunk, as far as my balance goes. I could definitely still feel some of the effects.
Now it is 3:30 am and I am sitting on my bed. I still feel much more relaxed, but the floating sensation is gone.  There was no bad comedown; in fact, I still feel pretty good and happy, even though the drug is mostly out of my system by now.
As a last note, I should mention that I am bipolar, so there is a possibility that all the excitement I was feeling was a hypomanic episode triggered by the gabapentin. I thought I would mention this because it means that part of the drug might not affect others in the same way. I should also mention that I am on four other psychotropic medications, but from everything I've read, they should not have any effect on the gabapentin.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Previous: remove, Up: Sequences Dictionary
remove-duplicates
sequence &key
from-end test test-not
start end key
⇒ result-sequence
delete-duplicates
sequence &key
from-end test test-not
start end key
⇒ result-sequence
sequence—a proper sequence.
from-end—a generalized boolean. The default is false.
test—a designator for a function of two arguments that returns a generalized boolean.
test-not—a designator for a function of two arguments that returns a generalized boolean.
start, end—bounding index designators of sequence. The defaults for start and end are 0 and nil, respectively.
key—a designator for a function of one argument, or nil.
result-sequence—a sequence.
remove-duplicates returns a modified copy of sequence from which any element that matches another element occurring in sequence has been removed.
If sequence is a vector, the result is a vector that has the same actual array element type as sequence. The result might or might not be simple, and might or might not be identical to sequence. If sequence is a list, the result is a list.
delete-duplicates is like remove-duplicates, but delete-duplicates may modify sequence.
The elements of sequence are compared pairwise, and if any two match, then the one occurring earlier in sequence is discarded, unless from-end is true, in which case the one later in sequence is discarded.
remove-duplicates and delete-duplicates return a sequence of the same type as sequence with enough elements removed so that no two of the remaining elements match. The order of the elements remaining in the result is the same as the order in which they appear in sequence.
remove-duplicates returns a sequence that may share with sequence or may be identical to sequence if no elements need to be removed.
delete-duplicates, when sequence is a list, is permitted to setf any part, car or cdr, of the top-level list structure in that sequence. When sequence is a vector, delete-duplicates is permitted to change the dimensions of the vector and to slide its elements into new positions without permuting them to produce the resulting vector.
(remove-duplicates "aBcDAbCd" :test #'char-equal :from-end t) ⇒ "aBcD" (remove-duplicates '(a b c b d d e)) ⇒ (A C B D E) (remove-duplicates '(a b c b d d e) :from-end t) ⇒ (A B C D E) (remove-duplicates '((foo #\a) (bar #\%) (baz #\A)) :test #'char-equal :key #'cadr) ⇒ ((BAR #\%) (BAZ #\A)) (remove-duplicates '((foo #\a) (bar #\%) (baz #\A)) :test #'char-equal :key #'cadr :from-end t) ⇒ ((FOO #\a) (BAR #\%)) (setq tester (list 0 1 2 3 4 5 6)) (delete-duplicates tester :key #'oddp :start 1 :end 6) ⇒ (0 4 5 6)
delete-duplicates might destructively modify sequence.
Should signal an error of type type-error if sequence is not a proper sequence.
Traversal Rules and Side Effects
The :test-not argument is deprecated.
These functions are useful for converting sequence into a canonical form suitable for representing a set.
Previous: remove, Up: Sequences Dictionary


This is the frontend for using Haml programmatically. It can be directly used by the user by creating a new instance and calling {#render} to render the template. For example:
template = File.read('templates/really_cool_template.haml') haml_engine = Haml::Engine.new(template) output = haml_engine.render puts output
The options hash. See {file:HAML_REFERENCE.md#haml_options the Haml options documentation}.
@return [{Symbol => Object}]
The indentation used in the Haml document, or `nil` if the indentation is ambiguous (for example, for a single-level document).
@return [String]
Precompiles the Haml template.
@param template [String] The Haml template @param options [{Symbol => Object}] An options hash;
see {file:HAML_REFERENCE.md#haml_options the Haml options documentation}
@raise [Haml::Error] if there’s a Haml syntax error in the template
# File lib/haml/engine.rb, line 72 72: def initialize(template, options = {}) 73: @options = { 74: :suppress_eval => false, 75: :attr_wrapper => "'", 76: 77: # Don't forget to update the docs in doc-src/HAML_REFERENCE.md 78: # if you update these 79: :autoclose => ]meta img link br hr input area param col base], 80: :preserve => ]textarea pre code], 81: 82: :filename => '(haml)', 83: :line => 1, 84: :ugly => false, 85: :format => :xhtml, 86: :escape_html => false, 87: } 88: unless ruby1_8? 89: @options[:encoding] = Encoding.default_internal || "utf-8" 90: end 91: @options.merge! options.reject {|k, v| v.nil?} 92: @index = 0 93: 94: unless [:xhtml, :html4, :html5].include?(@options[:format]) 95: raise Haml::Error, "Invalid format #{@options[:format].inspect}" 96: end 97: 98: if @options[:encoding] && @options[:encoding].is_a?(Encoding) 99: @options[:encoding] = @options[:encoding].name 100: end 101: 102: # :eod is a special end-of-document marker 103: @template = (template.rstrip).split(/\r\n|\r|\n/) + [:eod, :eod] 104: @template_index = 0 105: @to_close_stack = [] 106: @output_tabs = 0 107: @template_tabs = 0 108: @flat = false 109: @newlines = 0 110: @precompiled = '' 111: @to_merge = [] 112: @tab_change = 0 113: 114: precompile 115: rescue Haml::Error => e 116: e.backtrace.unshift "#{@options[:filename]}:#{(e.line ? e.line + 1 : @index) + @options[:line] - 1}" if @index 117: raise 118: end
Defines a method on `object` with the given name that renders the template and returns the result as a string.
If `object` is a class or module, the method will instead by defined as an instance method. For example:
t = Time.now Haml::Engine.new("%p\n Today's date is\n .date= self.to_s").def_method(t, :render) t.render #=> "
\n Today's date is\n
Fri Nov 23 18:28:29 -0800 2007
\n
\n" Haml::Engine.new(".upcased= upcase").def_method(String, :upcased_div) "foobar".upcased_div #=> "
FOOBAR
\n"
The first argument of the defined method is a hash of local variable names to values. However, due to an unfortunate Ruby quirk, the local variables which can be assigned must be pre-declared. This is done with the `local_names` argument. For example:
# This works obj = Object.new Haml::Engine.new("%p= foo").def_method(obj, :render, :foo) obj.render(:foo => "Hello!") #=> "
Hello!
" # This doesn't obj = Object.new Haml::Engine.new("%p= foo").def_method(obj, :render) obj.render(:foo => "Hello!") #=> NameError: undefined local variable or method `foo'
Note that Haml modifies the evaluation context (either the scope object or the `self` object of the scope binding). It extends {Haml::Helpers}, and various instance variables are set (all prefixed with `haml_`).
@param object [Object, Module] The object on
which to define the method @param name [String, Symbol] The name of the
method to define @param local_names [Array
# File lib/haml/engine.rb, line 263 263: def def_method(object, name, *local_names) 264: method = object.is_a?(Module) ? :module_eval : :instance_eval 265: 266: object.send(method, "def #{name}(_haml_locals = {}); #{precompiled_with_ambles(local_names)}; end", 267: @options[:filename], @options[:line]) 268: end
@return [Boolean] Whether or not the format is HTML4.
# File lib/haml/engine.rb, line 44 44: def html4? 45: @options[:format] == :html4 46: end
@return [Boolean] Whether or not the format is HTML5.
# File lib/haml/engine.rb, line 49 49: def html5? 50: @options[:format] == :html5 51: end
@return [Boolean] Whether or not the format is any flavor of HTML.
# File lib/haml/engine.rb, line 39 39: def html? 40: html4? or html5? 41: end
The source code that is evaluated to produce the Haml document.
In Ruby 1.9, this is automatically converted to the correct encoding (see {file:HAML_REFERENCE.md#encoding-option the `:encoding` option}).
@return [String]
# File lib/haml/engine.rb, line 59 59: def precompiled 60: return @precompiled if ruby1_8? 61: encoding = Encoding.find(@options[:encoding]) 62: return @precompiled.force_encoding(encoding) if encoding == Encoding::BINARY 63: return @precompiled.encode(encoding) 64: end
Processes the template and returns the result as a string.
`scope` is the context in which the template is evaluated. If it’s a `Binding` or `Proc` object, Haml uses it as the second argument to `Kernel#eval`; otherwise, Haml just uses its `#` context.
Note that Haml modifies the evaluation context (either the scope object or the `self` object of the scope binding). It extends {Haml::Helpers}, and various instance variables are set (all prefixed with `haml_`). For example:
s = "foobar" Haml::Engine.new("%p= upcase").render(s) #=> "
FOOBAR
" # s now extends Haml::Helpers s.respond_to?(:html_attrs) #=> true
`locals` is a hash of local variables to make available to the template. For example:
Haml::Engine.new("%p= foo").render(Object.new, :foo => "Hello, world!") #=> "
Hello, world!
"
If a block is passed to render, that block is run when `yield` is called within the template.
Due to some Ruby quirks, if `scope` is a `Binding` or `Proc` object and a block is given, the evaluation context may not be quite what the user expects. In particular, it’s equivalent to passing `eval(“self”, scope)` as `scope`. This won’t have an effect in most cases, but if you’re relying on local variables defined in the context of `scope`, they won’t work.
@param scope [Binding, Proc, Object] The context in which the template is evaluated @param locals [{Symbol => Object}] Local variables that will be made available
to the template
@param block [#] A block that can be yielded to within the template @return [String] The rendered template
# File lib/haml/engine.rb, line 161 161: def render(scope = Object.new, locals = {}, &block) 162: buffer = Haml::Buffer.new(scope.instance_variable_get('@haml_buffer'), options_for_buffer) 163: 164: if scope.is_a?(Binding) || scope.is_a?(Proc) 165: scope_object = eval("self", scope) 166: scope = scope_object.instance_eval{binding} if block_given? 167: else 168: scope_object = scope 169: scope = scope_object.instance_eval{binding} 170: end 171: 172: set_locals(locals.merge(:_hamlout => buffer, :_erbout => buffer.buffer), scope, scope_object) 173: 174: scope_object.instance_eval do 175: extend Haml::Helpers 176: @haml_buffer = buffer 177: end 178: 179: eval(precompiled + ";" + precompiled_method_return_value, 180: scope, @options[:filename], @options[:line]) 181: ensure 182: # Get rid of the current buffer 183: scope_object.instance_eval do 184: @haml_buffer = buffer.upper 185: end 186: end
Returns a proc that, when called, renders the template and returns the result as a string.
`scope` works the same as it does for render.
The first argument of the returned proc is a hash of local variable names to values. However, due to an unfortunate Ruby quirk, the local variables which can be assigned must be pre-declared. This is done with the `local_names` argument. For example:
# This works Haml::Engine.new("%p= foo").render_proc(Object.new, :foo).call :foo => "Hello!" #=> "
Hello!
" # This doesn't Haml::Engine.new("%p= foo").render_proc.call :foo => "Hello!" #=> NameError: undefined local variable or method `foo'
The proc doesn’t take a block; any yields in the template will fail.
@param scope [Binding, Proc, Object] The context in which the template is
evaluated @param local_names [Array
# File lib/haml/engine.rb, line 213 213: def render_proc(scope = Object.new, *local_names) 214: if scope.is_a?(Binding) || scope.is_a?(Proc) 215: scope_object = eval("self", scope) 216: else 217: scope_object = scope 218: scope = scope_object.instance_eval{binding} 219: end 220: 221: eval("Proc.new { |*_haml_locals| _haml_locals = _haml_locals[0] || {};" + 222: precompiled_with_ambles(local_names) + "}\n", scope, @options[:filename], @options[:line]) 223: end
Returns a subset of {#options}: those that {Haml::Buffer} cares about. All of the values here are such that when `#` is called on the hash, it can be `Kernel#eval`ed to get the same result back.
See {file:HAML_REFERENCE.md#haml_options the Haml options documentation}.
@return [{Symbol => Object}] The options hash
# File lib/haml/engine.rb, line 279 279: def options_for_buffer 280: { 281: :autoclose => @options[:autoclose], 282: :preserve => @options[:preserve], 283: :attr_wrapper => @options[:attr_wrapper], 284: :ugly => @options[:ugly], 285: :format => @options[:format], 286: :encoding => @options[:encoding], 287: :escape_html => @options[:escape_html], 288: } 289: end
# File lib/haml/engine.rb, line 293 293: def set_locals(locals, scope, scope_object) 294: scope_object.send(:instance_variable_set, '@_haml_locals', locals) 295: set_locals = locals.keys.map { |k| "#{k} = @_haml_locals[#{k.inspect}]" }.join("\n") 296: eval(set_locals, scope) 297: end
Disabled; run with --debug to generate this.
Generated with the Darkfish Rdoc Generator 1.1.6.


| format_ISO8601 {lubridate} | R Documentation |
Format in ISO8601 character format
format_ISO8601(x, usetz = FALSE, precision = NULL, ...)
x |
An object to convert to ISO8601 character format. |
usetz |
Include the time zone in the formatting (of outputs including time; date outputs never include time zone information). |
precision |
The amount of precision to represent with substrings of
"ymdhms", as "y"ear, "m"onth, "d"ay, "h"our, "m"inute, and "s"econd. (e.g.
"ymdhm" would show precision through minutes. When |
... |
Additional arguments to methods. |
A character vector of ISO8601-formatted text.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601
format_ISO8601(as.Date("02-01-2018", format="%m-%d-%Y")) format_ISO8601(as.POSIXct("2018-02-01 03:04:05", tz="EST"), usetz=TRUE) format_ISO8601(as.POSIXct("2018-02-01 03:04:05", tz="EST"), precision="ymdhm")


Rails is an open source web application framework written in Ruby. This means Rails was designed to support the development of dynamic websites, web applications, web services and web resources. Rails provides a library for database access that extends the Ruby programmin language. This makes it easier to learn and reuse code.
Many frameworks use model-view-controller or MVC patterns to organize application programming. A model in the Ruby on Rails framework maps to a table in a database, and a Ruby file. In the app/models directory, the User, usually defined as user.rb, will be linked to the tabel users in the database. View in the default configuration of Rails is an erb file, which is compiled to HTML at run-time.Controller is a component of Rails that responds to external requests from the web server to the application by determining which view file to render. To break this down even further, a MVC breaks down an application into the underlying data and business logic (model), presentation of data to users (the view), and the code that orchestrates the interatction between model and views (controllers).
Rails allows programmers to use the Ruby language without having to implement all the required infrastructure. This makes it a lot quicker to set up standard functions, and it is less likely bugs will be introduced. Rails is an "opinionated" framework which means it has a set way of doing things. This means it will behave the in the same way from application to application and developer to developer. Rails is open-source which means it has a big community. You can go online and find somebody who has had the same problem as you, and somebody else who has already solved it. Rails applications can also be put together very quickly without sacrificing quality. All of these benefets put together make Rails one of the best frameworks to learn how to code.


|
RayTracer
|
Transformation objects represent angle-preserving transformations. More...
#include <Transformation.h>
Public Member Functions | |
| Transformation (Matrix3D A, Vector3D v, double s) | |
| Construct Transformation from Orthogonal Matrix A, translation and scaling-factor. More... | |
| Transformation (Vector3D v, double psi, double theta, double phi, double s) | |
| Construct the Transformation from euler angles, translation and scaling-factor. More... | |
| void | compose_back (const Transformation &b) |
| Compose this transformation with b. More... | |
| Vector3D | transform (const Vector3D &v) const |
| Apply this transformation to v in 3D space. More... | |
| Ray | transform (const Ray &ray) const |
| Ray | inverse_transform (const Ray &ray) const |
| Vector3D | inverse_transform (const Vector3D &v) const |
| The inverse to Transformation::transform. More... | |
| Vector3D | rotate (const Vector3D &v) const |
| Vector3D | inverse_rotate (const Vector3D &v) const |
Transformation objects represent angle-preserving transformations.
These transformations are modelled as a composition of a transition, a rotation (i.e. orthogonal linear transform) and a scaling step.
Construct Transformation from Orthogonal Matrix A, translation and scaling-factor.
| A | Orthogonal Matrix describing rotation |
| v | Translation |
| s | Scaling Factor |
| Transformation::Transformation | ( | Vector3D | v, |
| double | psi, | ||
| double | theta, | ||
| double | phi, | ||
| double | s | ||
| ) |
Construct the Transformation from euler angles, translation and scaling-factor.
| v | The translation |
| psi | Euler angle 1 |
| theta | Euler angle 2 |
| phi | Euler angle 3 |
| s | Scaling Factor |
| void Transformation::compose_back | ( | const Transformation & | b | ) |
Compose this transformation with b.
From now on b will be applied first, the the original transformation.
| b | Other transformation |
The inverse to Transformation::transform.
| v | The vector that is supposed to be transformed |
Apply this transformation to v in 3D space.
| v | The vector that is supposed to be transformed |


NEW YORK -- As the world gets closer to a COVID-19 vaccine, scientist still say one of the most effective ways to avoid spreading the virus that has killed more than 260,000 Americans is to wear a mask.
The majority of the U.S. has enforced state-wide mask mandates for government buildings, schools, businesses, houses of worship and public transportation. Yet, 13 states, mainly in the Southeast and Midwest don't have state-wide mask mandates.
Scientists agree non-vented masks such as surgical, cloth and N95 mitigate spreading the virus.
In a study published in the American Institute of Physics, Sanjay Kumar from the National University of Singapore said, "The highly efficacious facemask, such as surgical masks with an estimated efficacy of around 70%, could lead to the eradication of the pandemic if at least 70% of the residents use such masks in public consistently."


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@composi/runtime:
HOP—Higher Order Progam
Wrap One Program In Another
@composi/core's runtime does a lot of interesting things to make it just work. This happens in the runtime closure. That's where it keeps state. If you want to be able to examine your program's state, you cannot reach it because it's never exposed outside the closure. However, if you absolutely must be able to examine state during development, you can create a Higher Order Program to wrap around your program to expose its state. Here is how you would do that:
export function logState (program, stateChanged) {
return {
...program,
view (state, send) {
stateChanged(state)
return program.view(state, send)
}
}
}
You can use the above HOP to access the wrapped program's state:
import { h, render, run } from '@composi/core'
import { logState } from './logState'
// Not a full program to conserve space:
const program = {
init() {},
view() {},
update() {}
}
// Wrap the previous program in the Higher Order Program:
const wrappedProgram = logState(program, state => {
console.log(state)
})
// Run the Higher Order Program:
run(wrappedProgram)
With our program wrapped by this Higher Order Program, the program's state will get logged every time it changes.
Debugging
You can also create a Higher Order Program for debugging purposes.
export function logErrors(program) {
// Capture the state and effect from program:
const programState = program.init()
const init = () => ({ hasError: false, error: null, programState })
// Handle whatever the update returns.
// If error, deal with it,
// else render the default view.
function view(state, send) {
if (state.hasError) {
// Here we're only logging the error.
// You could have an alternate view to use
// to display the error in detail.
return console.log(state.error)
} else {
// Otherwise, everything is fine so render the view.
return program.view(state.programState, send)
}
}
// Intercept the program's update to trap any errors:
function update(state, msg) {
let updateView
try {
updateView = program.update(state.programState, msg)
} catch (error) {
return ({ ...state, hasError: true, error })
}
const {programState} = updateView
return ({ ...state, programState })
}
// Allow program to end.
let done
if (program.done) {
done = function(state) {
return program.done(state.programState)
}
}
return ({ init, update, view, done })
}
With the above HOP, we can wrap our program in the HOP for error logging:
run(logErrors(program))


Hgdc-X is a cross-platform desktop client for the awesome Hackathon Gunther Daemon music player project.
It is a feature complete GUI client, including SSL encryption, written in Lazarus, and is designed to target Linux (GTK2), Mac OS X (Carbon) and Windows (Win32). Other targets and widget sets, for example FreeBSD are possible but untested.
It will build with no additional libraries (except for synapse, which is statically linked and included in the source tree), with Lazarus 0.9.30 or later.
Thanks to the hgd developers for such a great music daemon, and hence opportunity for this client to exist.
Thanks to Hannah for "GUI consultancy", Shaun for Debian/Ubuntu packaging, Ed for Mac OS X testing and Omer for help with this site.
The logo was designed by Lucy Lindsell of theartofindigo.com and is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND.
Please refer to GitHub for other information and downloads.
If you find Hgdc-X useful, please buy me a beer! :)
Copyright (C) Tristan Linnell 2012


I understand, $5AUD can be a lot of money for most people, this cost goes to the server only, the money recieved are not being used as profit.