PRINTED
Saturday, March 01, 2008
We slept in this morning. I prepared breakfast. We finished bringing things in from the truck and putting them away. Sandi called to tell us about Chelci. She has running a high fever Friday evening and at mid-night Steve took her to the hospital. Steve’s Mother came over to tend Nathan and at 5AM Sandi went over and took over tending Nathan. After Sandi called us Mae called all the family to let them know and asked them to remember Chelci and Nathan in our Fast and prayers. David talked to me and asked what I wanted for a Birthday Gift. I said I was happy with going out to eat with them. He said they had the final basketball of the team that Tyler plays on and David coaches this afternoon. We decided to go to the game so quickly left. We got there just as the 2nd quarter was ready to start. It was a very good game and although the other team was often ahead at the end they were tied and had to play an overtime. In the overtime Tyler’s team won the game. It was a very fun game to watch. We then went to David and Shauna’s and then but to eat for my Birthday. It was a good time being with David’s family. When we got home Sherrie had taken her mother into Ogden and they brought Bob home. He wasn’t going to stay in the rehabilitation center any longer. We went upstairs and visited for a while. Mark and I gave Bob a blessing. This evening I watched a movie on cable and filled capsules while Mae worked on the inter-net trying to answer e-mails. Mae gave me a hair cut and I took a shower before we went to bed.
Sunday, March 02, 2008
I got up and went over to the chapel and helped set up chairs. Mae was about ready when I came home. After the block ended Mae stayed for choir practice. I walked home and got the potatoes on to cook. When Mae got home we finished making dinner and took it upstairs so Bob, Carroll and Mark could join us. This afternoon we went over to Jeff and Gail’s and took dinner to them.  She is sure a pretty little thing. We played games with Jeff and Gail after they put the children down to sleep.
Monday, March 03, 2008
I didn’t sleep very well last night and woke quite early. Mae tried to get me to go back to sleep but I got up about 8AM. I cooked pancakes for breakfast but Carroll had already got something else and Bob didn’t want pancakes. Mark had three of them. Mae took Carroll shopping out to the base. I build a platform to raise Bob’s chair up four inches. I them went over to Standard Optical to have my glasses rebuilt. I just couldn’t handle the way they distorted my vision. Bob prepared a nice lunch of chicken and noodles. I took a half hour nap and then I went over to Scott and Mishelle’s where Scott helped me remove their tub surround and replace the tub faucet. Mae went with me and played with Kylan and Ashley. I hadn’t planned on replacing the faucet so I was very glad that I brought my tool trailer over with us. It was after 10PM before I got it finished. I have several projects to get done but they will have to wait a little longer.
Tuesday, March 04, 2008
I took the large drawer out of the cupboard to see why it wasn’t closing part of the time so I added some screws to the track and tightened others up. After breakfast we got ready and went to the Salt Lake Temple and went through a session. After the session we ate at the cafeteria. We then went out to 39th South where we bought $3,000 worth to circulated silver coins. We then stopped at a restaurant supply on 300 W and bought some new silver ware and some drinking glasses. After getting home I went over to Sorenson’s Tax service to take our 2007 income tax information so we can get our tax papers filled. This evening we watched the movie “From Here to Eternity”.
Wednesday, March 05, 2008
Bob prepared breakfast of biscuits and gravy this morning. He was sure tired after doing that. After breakfast I went to Randy and Judy’s and discussed changing the stairs that goes from the kitchen to the family room into a ramp. There will be some alterations necessary to accomplish that but I believe it will work. Scott came over and ate lunch with Mae and I got home just as he was about to leave. I ate and took a nap. I then called the Davis County School district and checked on being a bus driver. I was told to go to the District Office and fill out a application and have a security check. I then went to the Drivers License department and got a drivers history. I have an appointment for an interview tomorrow. I went to Brother Dee Frankcom’s home and checked his garage door opener as it hasn’t been working very well lately. I found that the main drive gear has stripped the teeth. I am afraid that he will need a new opener. Sherrie brought dinner over for Bob, Carroll, Mark, Mae and I this evening. I had moved every thing that was on the floor in the wash room out so Mae could clean in there. We found that water is leaking somewhere from upstairs. We found that I had knocked the drain hose from the water filter system out of the drain when I put the drain cleaner in the pipes the other day. I am glad that was all and that we found it. It was Bob and Carroll that thought of it. We got the washroom cleaned and put back together again. Mae worked on it until after 9PM. I helped her with some of the heavy things but there isn’t enough room for two to work in there at the same time. In between helping Mae and catching up my journal I played a few games on the computer. I downloaded the pictures from the camera and backed up my palm before we went to bed.
Thursday, March 06, 2008
We had someone call Mae’s phone at 3:45AM and wake us up. Neither of us was able to go back to sleep after that. We got up at 6AM and I showered and got ready to go to the doctor’s appointment at 8:30AM. Dr. Jensen went over the results of the colonoscopy I had a couple of weeks ago. Because there was several polyp removed he wants to reschedule another colonoscopy in a year. We stopped at Winegar’s to get my prescription refilled and for a few items. I went to an interview at the Davis County School Bus maintenance and main office for an interview and a physical testing. I came home and had some lunch and then took a short nap. I went over to Scott and Mishelle’s and reassembled the tub and shower valves. I also worked on their water softener getting it to go through a regeneration cycle. I came home and ate dinner and watched a show on TV. Bob asked Mark and I to give him another blessing. I think he is related to Margaret in more ways than one. It was after 10PM when I made this entry. Mae is still on the inter-net answering e-mail.
Friday, March 07, 2008
I woke at 4:15AM from my mask and was up for a few minutes. I went into the front room so that I didn’t wake Mae and did go to sleep in the recliner. I woke just before 8AM. Mae was already up. I got a call from Brother Fallis concerning Brother Farr and the Family History that he has been working on. Brother Farr has 6 or 7 double drawer file cabinets with over 5,000 family group sheets completed in them. Brother Farr is concerned that he may die before these sheets of information can be entered into the Church Family History data. After talking to Brother Fallis I tried to call Bishop Steadman as he works on the team that is programming the new Family Search. He is out of town until tonight late so I will have to talk to him tomorrow. We next tried find out from our Clearfield Family History Center about Brother Farr’s records and they gave me a number to call in Salt Lake, who transferred me to some one else who transferred me to some one else and the transferred me to another person who suggested that I call our local Family History Center. That made a complete circle. We decided to work on training for our calling today, so Mae tried to get registered as a Ward Family History Consultant. We couldn’t get it to work until we had made a couple of calls and several tries at registering her. After getting Mae registered we tried to get online but it wouldn’t except our pass work. I spent some time on the phone with the Family History center and we finally concluded that the Inter-net connection will not work on a dial up link. We did some research as to how to get High Speed and after talking to Mike and Scott we called Comcast and signed up with them. Mae got some clam chowder made for lunch while I was on the phones. I visited with Bob and Mark about some history off my Grandmother Hill and Mark found a history written by her. Mae thinks that we have a copy of that history but I don’t remember it. Mark let me keep it to make a copy for my self. Randy and Judy stopped by as I wanted to show them the ramp I made for Bob and Carroll. Their ramp will be just a little steeper than Bob’s. They will decide if they want to proceed. Scott and Mishelle took us into the Salomon Center in Ogden where we ate and then watched the surfing area and the ski flying area. It is quite amazing at what they have. It was 8:30PM when we got home. we are quite tired so will got to bed early tonight. I have a slight cold so can use the sleep.
Saturday, March 08, 2008
I woke about 3:15AM and couldn’t go back to sleep. I finally got up and lay in the recliner but still didn’t sleep much. I decided to get my robe so I could work on the computer but Mae was awake and talked me into cuddling and sleeping a little longer. I don’t think Mae went to sleep but I did for a little while. I went up to David’s and met them. From there David and I drove in my pickup to Monte Crystal. Shauna and the children followed us. Up there we went snowmobiling for about 3 hours. It was really nice and we had fun. With David and I riding together it gave us some good talk time and we continued it when I took him home. I can say this much he is a good debater. When I got home I had Mae come out and help me and we put the snowmobiles in the shed. We were going to fix dinner for Bob, Carroll and Mark but Bruce and Micheline were there so we waited a few minutes but then when I went up Irven and Sandy were there. We finally heated up the clam chowder for Bob, Carroll, Mark, Sandy and Irven and heated some casserole for Mae and I. After eating we visited. The women visited in the kitchen and the men watched the BYU vs TCU basketball game. Mae and I set Bob and Carroll’s clocks ahead for daylight saving time and then went downstairs and reset our clocks ahead, made whey, and got ready for bed. I also filled in this journal entry.
Sunday, March 09, 2008
I got up with the alarm and had slept well last night. I had to hurry to get to the church at 8:15AM to help set up chairs. Brother Higley was the only one that was there when I got there. Mark came before we had finished setting up the chairs and help finish the job. I went home and had some breakfast. Mae is fasting this morning being concerned with the mole on her breast. It still is not ready to remove and it may be that she black save came off to early. Jeanenne is trying to do some research with a Doctor as to what needs to be done. My thoughts, concerns and prayers have been with David today. I felt a special spirit or a special interest in the meetings through out the block today. Mae attended the choir practice after church and I waited. When Mae was finished we were invited into the Bishop’s office to be set apart in our callings as Ward Family History Coordinators. Mae was set apart by Brother Therman and in his prayer he especially gave attention to Mae’s health. I thought that it was interesting. Bishop Steve Smith set me apart and I have a special place in my heart for him. Bob and Carroll had a nice roast dinner prepared when we got home and Mark had set the table. After dinner I went with Brother Fallis to visit Brother Farr. Brother Farr is almost 89 years old and in very pour health. He has compiled 5,000 to 6,000 Family Group Sheets and is very concerned as to how to preserve the information. We talked to him about the new Family History program and explained that it might not be available for another year. We told him that we would look into other options and get back to him. We visited with him for over an hour. We then came back and gave the Sacrament to Bob and Carroll in as much as they are unable to get out to church. We also administered to Carroll. Brother Fallis sealed the anointing and gave the Blessing. When I came downstairs Mae was working on her personal history. I called Jeff to see if he was interested in buying into the Snowmobiles or not. They don’t feel it is something they want to do now. I tried to call Scott but didn’t get an answer. I called to talk to David but he was asleep taking a nap. I then laid down in the recliner and took a nap. Mae woke me from my nap with a call from David. He and I talked for some time. I guess I forgot about time and talked longer than I had thought to David. When I hung up I realized that Mae had wanted to attend a Fireside in Clearfield but we were too late by then. After eating some supper, I worked on my journal. Mae has spent most of the afternoon working on her history. I was able to call Scott this evening and visit with him. He said that his talk that he has been concerned over went fair. We talked about the Snowmobiles and he is still trying to decide. They are concerned about getting food supply. I told him that if it was between getting food supply or the snowmobiles he should not get the snowmobiles.
Monday, March 10, 2008
I got up at 5AM so that I could get to the School Bus Training class at 7:30AM. Mae hadn’t slept very well so I let her sleep in. Class was interesting and very informative. It was 12:45PM before I was finished with the drug testing and was able to come home. Mae was not there as she had met with Jackie to go walking and for lunch. She then went up to Kim and Jeanenne’s where Jeanenne checked the mole on her breast and said that it was looking as it should. That was a relief for her. I took a nap after getting some lunch. I went up and visited with Bob for a few minutes. Comcast came this morning and install high speed internet service to the house. They could not do direct wire to our computer so they told Mae, Mark and Bob what had to be done. It was quite funny as while I was visiting with Bob he told me that the installer had to come back with a router to finish the installation. Bob took it that he was talking about a carpenter router and passed that information to me. I couldn’t understand why they would use a router to drill holes. When we all got together and discussed what the situation was, it was a computer signal router and it would make the connection to our computers, wireless. Mae had prepared Lazona for dinner and we got a kick out of the new language that is spoken in today’s world. Mae and I went over to Sorenson’s and picked up our tax papers. We then stopped at Wal-Mart and bought the router and two receivers for our two computers. I filled out my journal before we went to bed. We watched a movie on DVD before going to sleep
Tuesday, March 11, 2008
I didn’t get up until 5:30AM and so Mae got up and got my breakfast ready for me. Class went well this morning. When I got home I filled out some forms and ate lunch. Mae fixed lunch and after eating I took a nap. I started on some personal history but then Mae needed some help getting dinner ready so I helped her. Scott, Mishelle, Kylan and Ashley came over for dinner and then Scott helped us install the router and cards so that we could use the high speed internet. It took him all evening and we still have problems with my laptop connecting. They left just before 10PM for home. I finished this entry and we went to bed.
Wednesday, March 12, 2008
I was up at 5AM and was ready to leave by 6:30AM so I lay down in the recliner until 7AM. Class went well and we were out at noon. I now need to study for my CDL examination. I stopped and got natural gas in my pickup. Scott and Jeff were just getting in their cars when I got home. I did get to say hi to them and give them a hug before they went back to work. After eating I took a nap. I then showered and changed and we went to the Ogden Temple. They needed patrons at the Sealing office so we went up and helped with the Sealing’s of couples and also of daughters to parents. We stopped on the way home at Warreners driv-in and got something to eat. As soon as we got home I changed white shirts and went Home Teaching. Fallis’s had called Mae and told her that they would come over to visit Bob and Carroll and we could have a lesson then for Home Teaching. They hadn’t come by 6:45PM so I called them but got no answer. They didn’t show by 7PM so Mark went with me and we visited the Casey’s and the Johnston’s. When we got back home we checked with Bob and Carroll and the Fallis’s had never shown up. Mike called to tell us that he had been given a new job. He will be the Principle of a Jr. High School. He had hoped for either a Elementary or a High School and to make it worse one of his assistants had worked with him before and they hadn’t got along then. I am sure that Mike can handle it ok.
Thursday, March 13, 2008
I woke early but when I got up Mae woke and went into the living room and got into the recliner. I checked on her and decided to let her sleep there for a while. I went back to bed for a while. I didn’t have much scheduled for today so I installed shelf holders in Marks closet. Mae did quite a bit of studying for the Book Group this evening. I helped prepare lunch and after lunch Mae went Visiting Teaching. I took a nap and then did some studying for the CDL test. This evening Mae went to the Book Club. I watched a show on TV. When Mae got home we watched another TV show before going to bed.
Friday, March 14, 2008
I woke early so laid back down in the recliner. I had school bus training this morning so had to be there by 9:30AM. We were assigned trainers and went out today and just road in a bus to each of the High Schools and were shown where the stops were at each school. We were back to the transportation office by noon and were released for the day. Sandi called me and asked if we could tend Paris for her this weekend. She is going to fly to Phoenix and be with Shellie. She also asked if I could meet her at the airport parking and get Paris. I drove up to Mary’s Health store and got some capsules and vinegar before going home. Mae fixed us some lunch and after eating I took a short nap. We had a representative from Comcast call at 2PM to give us some orientation on the internet. I had to leave for Salt Lake so Mae had to take the call. I got to the Park N Jet at 2;45PM and Sandi got there with in 10 minutes. Mae prepared dinner for all of us. after dinner we got things ready to have Irven, Sandy, Bryce and Deanna come over. We played our marble game and then Mexican Train Dominos. It was a good evening to have them here to visit and relax. It was mid-night before we got to bed.
March 15, 2008
My CPAP mask vibrated several times during the night but didn’t wake me totally. It did wake Mae about 6AM so she got up and laid in the recliner but didn’t sleep. We were slow at getting started. I talked to David who is thinking of getting a by-fuel pickup. I also talked to Mike about coming to his place next Friday to install a new water heater and a new water softener. I also tried to get my inter-net connection to work on my computer but got discouraged with it. We went to see Bryce & Deanna’s home in Willard. It is quite nice but needs quite a bit of painting and fix up. I made a few suggestions as what might be done. We got back home at 2:30PM and Bob had dinner ready for us. I took a nap after eating. Mae and I got on the internet and did a little studding on Family History Consultants responsibilities. At 6PM Mae and I went to the Stake High Priest banquette and social. We stayed for a few minutes and helped clean up. After getting home I filled out my journal entry and then we tried to find a show to watch. This was unsuccessful and we ended up shutting the TV of and going to bed.
Sunday, March 16, 2008
I got up early so I could help set up chairs at the church house but when I got there all chairs were set up. I came home and did some studding of the lesson manual and ate some breakfast. We then attended the regular block meetings.  Later I called him and we reset the time to 2PM at our place. We had brought food home last night from the High Priest banquet that was extra. Bob warmed things up and we ate dinner upstairs. Bishop Steadman came over at 2 and we talked about Brother Farr’s Family History files and Bishop Steadman is going to try to find someone to help with our questions. I took a short nap this afternoon. Mae and I worked on Family History Training together. We did fairly well until one of the “What if” questions gave us an example of a Sister asking us how to use the Family Search to add historical information to the file. I said “You have got to be kidding me” and the two of us busted up laughing until we could do no more. That kind of a question is way out side of our league. I filled out my journal and we quite for the night.
Monday, March 17, 2008
Mae didn’t slept very well last night and I woke early so slept the rest of the night in the recliner. I got up early to get ready to go in for training. Mae got up at 8AM and prepared me some breakfast. Bryce called and asked if he could borrow my chain saw. I had told him that I had one when we were at their place on Saturday. I went out and brought it in so he could stop and get it from Mae. I didn’t accomplish very much today except see where I am in my training. After leaving the Bus offices I came home and got some lunch. I then went to the Layton WorkMed office and got a physical examination. That took me until after 4PM. I then went into PRAXAIR where I met with Ned and had him check my CPAP machine and I got a new face mask. When I got home, Bob had dinner ready so we went upstairs and ate. When we finished and came downstairs I updated some of my records and then we started on another Family History training session. Before we finished Bryce came to get my chain saw as he hadn’t had time to get it earlier. That took over an hour. It was after 9:30PM when we finished the lesson so I filled in my journal and we went to bed.
Tuesday, March 18, 2008
We didn’t get up until 7AM but with Mae’s help I made it to the bus terminal before 9:30AM. A round table discussion was held with all sub-bus drivers in the district. It was very interesting as with a few general announcements the meeting was opened to the drivers to express concerns and problems. It was a good experience and also an eye opener. I was then taken through a pre-drive inspection which was very interesting and informative. We ate lunch when I got home. I spent quite a lot of time trying to find out who is to make out the report for my sleep apnea. I did become quite frustrated as I tried to get the information with the telephone systems. It is hard to get to a real person to talk to and then the system shut me off. I believe it should be Dr. Jensen so I took the report over to his office and left it with the reception deck. I did some studying on the CDL manual. I helped Bob and Mark also came down and visited for a while. I checked with Randy and he is still on for ice fishing on Friday. Mae and I watched a show on Comcast before going to bed.
Wednesday, March 19, 2008
We got up at 6:30AM so Mae could get up to Jennie’s by 9:30AM. I worked on my CDL manual, went to Discount Tires and bought a new set of tires for my pickup. I also picked up my glasses at Standard Optical. From there I went to Sportsman’s Warehouse and bought Mae’s and mine fishing license. Mae had returned and Sandi was also there when I got back. Scott and Jeff came over for lunch. It was nice to have the three children here to visit with. Sandi was here until almost 2PM before she left. We enjoyed her dog but it is nice to have it gone. I took a nap and then worked on my CDL manual again. About 5PM I went out back and got my ice fishing equipment loaded into the pickup. Bob cooked liver and onions for dinner. He also cooked Mae some chicken. They were very good and we sure enjoyed them. Mae went to choir practice at 6:30PM. I worked on my journal. after choir practice Brother and Sister Fallis stopped by Bob’s so that Bob might also visit with them in our Home Teaching visit. Mae came upstairs also. After a short informal visit I gave some thoughts about the testimonies of the Prophets and the exemplary lives they have all lived. It was a good visit. Bob closed the visit with prayer. When we returned downstairs I added more to my personal history and finished today’s entry in my journal. Mae made me some sandwiches for tomorrow.
Thursday, March 20, 2008
I got up at 4:30AM and got ready to go fishing with Randy. I was down to his place by 6:30. We got to Heber and it was snowing lightly. As we started up the summit the snow came harder and before long we came to a stop because of semis stopping to chain up. We reached the summit probably averaging 15 MPH. When we turned of the main highway to Strawberry reservoir we found the road was starting to blow over. We turned around and came back as we felt it was to much risk to go further with me being the only one that could see. It was after noon when I got home. Mae had taken Sister Lavern Larson to her Doctors appointment and returned before I did but then she took Carroll over to get their dog at the dog grooming shop. We ate lunch and then I took a short nap. Randy and I had talked of some work he needed done and considered trading work for their 2005 Cadillac which they are going to sell anyway. Mae went with me into Ogden to get some prices for roofing for Randy. We also went to Durk’s plumbing and picked up a water heater and a water softener for Mike’s home. We went down and took a test drive in Randy and Judy’s car but will think about it. As we started for Ogden Mae said something to me and I responded wrong and that set some tension between us. Sometimes life is hard. We ate a late dinner so stayed up a while. We did some research on the cost of auto insurance, taxes, licensing besides the added cost for parts and we fairly well came to the conclusion that we can’t afford a Cadillac. It would also be a lot of hours to work off that kind of cost. We will sleep on it.
Friday, March 21, 2008
We got up early and got ready to go to Mike’s. I stopped at United Rental and rented a furniture dolly to move the equipment up and down the basement stairs. As we were traveling I called Randy and told him that we wouldn’t be taking the car. I just didn’t feel that we should obligate ourselves to that amount of money. When we got there all of the family was gone so we let our self in by the use of the garage door opener. Things went quite well and by 2PM I had both the water softener and the water heater changed. Mike had stopped in just after we got started to see how I was doing. When Becky got home she started dinner. We are sure impressed with Becky as our daughter-in-law. She is a perfect wife for Mike, a great mother to her children and seems to be good at all her duties. After dinner this evening Mike took his family and Mae and I to see his school that he will be the principle at. When we entered the building the current principle met us and introduced us to some of the staff that was there. They were having a night dance for the Jr. High students. The principle then gave us a tour of the building. It left me complete amazed at the facilities that the youth now have in which to gain an education. I couldn’t help comparing it with the buildings I had. Wow what a change. We stayed over night at Mike and Becky’s so when we got back to their place and Becky got the little girls to bed, we played a game of marbles with Mike and Mom, Page and Becky, David and I as teams. Mike and Mae won the game.
Saturday, March 22, 2008
Becky had a nice breakfast for us this morning of waffles, yogurt, whipped cream and fresh strawberries. After breakfast Becky took Mattie and Jessie to an Easter Egg hunt. We left for home so Mae could get to a special Stake Relief Society program. I returned the dolly to United Rental and while there looked at a High Lift fork lift. I then went up to Rick and Georgia’s and went over my thoughts of moving their tree house. I then came back to Durk’s Plumbing and paid the bill for Mikes water softener and water heater. While there I went over to Diamond Rental and checked their High Lift. They have larger ones but they are also wider and that may be a problem to get it into Rick and Georgia’s back yard. I got natural gas in the pickup and then came home. Mae was home when I got there. I ate lunch as Mae had already eaten at the Relief Society program and then I took a two hour nap. We then spent some time setting up on a new e-mail provider. We went out to eat at Chuck-A-Rama and then came home and watched the movie “The Boy That Can Fly”. We enjoyed it but were late getting to bed.
Sunday, March 23, 2008
I got up early so I could help set up chairs at the church. No one else came to help. When I got home Mae asked me if there were others that helped me and I told her that there was three of us. she said good and then I said “there was Me, Myself and I”. I got a dish of cereal and then hurried to get to church on time. All the meetings were excellent and especially Sacrament meeting. The Primary children sang a song and then the Ward Choir sang “God So Loved the World”. Sister Claudia Thompson and Brother Mark Hulet were asked to bare their testimonies of Christ. Both of them did excellent. Claudia covered more on her feelings of the music that has been written about our Savior, Mark told of his personal feeling of the Savior. Mark had written his testimony and I asked him if he would give me a copy of it. He said he would and I will add that to this entry. The choir then sang “He Is Risen!”. Bishop Smith then gave his testimony of the Savior and it was very exciting to me. I ask Sister Smith if he had written it out and she said that she thought he had and she would get me a copy. If I get his talk I will also add it to this entry. Sister Thompson hadn’t written her testimony down. I visited with Bishop Steadman a couple of times today and 1st he told me that the new Family History program has major problems and is not working. He has not found a solution to Brother Farr’s data that we are trying to preserve. I asked him if he could try to find a department or building or person that I might contact in Church Head Quarters that I might personally go down to visit. He will try to check when he gets to work in the morning and give me a call. Bob had dinner ready for us when we got home from church. It was sure good. Brother Fallis brought me one of the folders out of over 5,000 folders of Brother Farr’s family history records, so that I might take it to Salt Lake to try to find out how and what to do with his family history fills. I took a nap after dinner. When I woke up I started to catch up my journal. I also worked with Mae on our families records. I worked on my personal history file for over two hours until we got ready for bed at 11PM. Mae got a call from Jeff this afternoon and he is sure depressed. This has sure got us worried as to how to help him. Mae did get him to agree to try some pills that she got from Jennie. We are sure concerned for him and for Gail and the children.
TESTIMONY of S. Mark Hulet
Easter Sunday 23 March 2008
I have a testimony born of the Spirit, that our Father in Heaven lives, and that His son Jesus Christ lives at His right hand, both are resurrected glorified beings, assisted by the Holy Ghost, a person of spirit. We refer to them as the Godhead.
I testify Our Father's Great Plan of Happiness was taught in pre-mortality to His spirit children, of which I was one. I was privileged to be born when the gospel of Jesus Christ was on this earth in it's fullness, born in this Promised Land of freedom, and blessed with a family of goodly parents and siblings, all who honor their covenants with the Lord.
I testify our Father in Heaven's Great Plan of Happiness is designed to save all children He created, and gives each one opportunity to accept or reject it, either in this life or in the post mortal world to come.
With faith I testify that at the center of Father's Plan is Jesus Christ, His first born spirit offspring, who volunteered before the foundation of this world to be the sacrificial lamb for the miraculous infinite atonement. He atoned for the sins of all our Father's children on the many worlds He created and made Our Father's Plan successful. When the Father said "Whom shall I send?" Jesus answered "Here am I, send me." Because of the great love Father in Heaven has for each of his children, He permitted Jesus Christ, who was to be His only begotten Son in the flesh, a Pre-mortal God, the Great Jehovah, sinless and perfect, to condescend (descend) below all things on earth, below all evil, to experience the consequence, the punishment, of the combined sins of all people God has created in all worlds He has made. Hence, the atonement of Jesus Christ is infinite.
Our Father in Heaven allowed His Son, Jesus Christ, to suffer alone in the Garden of Gethsemane, except sending an angel, believed to be Gabriel, to comfort Him. In D&C Sec.19 Jesus describes his intense suffering in His own words; "Which suffering caused myself, even God, the greatest of all, to tremble because of pain, and bleed at every pore, and to suffer both body and spirit---and would that I might not drink the bitter cup and shrink." In this Garden He cried out "O my Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass from me, Nevertheless, not as I will, but as thou wilt." His sacrifice was completed by crucifixion, a most cruel, vicious, and painful punishment, nailed to a cross, in public humiliation by the most wicked and conspiring men in the most wicked world of the millions God has created. (From Mediation and Atonement by President John Taylor) Jesus Christ came to earth to do the will of the Father and His most significant and final words from the cross were "Father, it is finished, thy will is done." (Inspired Translation of the Bible)
I can testify in full faith and sincerity that Jesus Christ lived on earth, died for our sins to redeem us from the Fall of Adam and from our own fall as we have all sinned and broken the laws of God. He died for the purpose of bringing our sin account to zero, therefore, to make us just, and by shedding His blood cleansed, purified, and sanctified us to be worthy to live in the Celestial Kingdom with God and our families. All prophets, beginning with Adam and to the present, have born this testimony of Jesus Christ; many sealed it with a martyr's blood. The testimonies of these noble men, including our living prophet, are evidence for my faith and testimony. As I listen, read, and study, the Spirit testifies to me the truth of their testimonies.
I know through the confirming influence of the Holy Ghost, by feelings and sensations, that He has been a near companion much of my life. I believe He knows my heart seeks to be right with God, in spite of my weaknesses and mistakes, and by repentance, the principle of progress, He knows I strive to do better.
I have recorded many personal and sacred accounts of the Spirit of the Lord's communications with me; healing me at age 4 years, after my father's blessing promised I would live when the doctor said I would be dead in the morning; protecting me from death or serious injury in severe accidents; the spirit speaking in a firm audible voice which shook me, saying "Don't" when I made an unwise decision that would have altered my whole life.
Many other sacred recorded personal experiences convince me God is real, He lives, He is the father of my spirit. I have a testimony Jesus Christ, is the Son of God, also a God, came to earth to redeem me from physical death and spiritual death by His voluntary sacrifice for my sins, as he did for all others. I know that Jesus Christ was resurrected from the dead, a miraculous event we honor and celebrate today, and opened the way for me and all Father's children to receive a perfect resurrected body in the form of our spirit. We are all first generation spirit offspring of a perfect Father and Mother in Heaven. The Church of Jesus Christ of former days and of Latter Day Saints is the one and only true Church of Jesus Christ ever to exist on this earth and in eternity, and President Thomas S. Monson is God's prophet for His church at this time. I so testify, in the name of Jesus Christ, Amen.
Monday, March 24, 2008
We didn’t sleep very well last night so I let Mae sleep longer. I was up at 7:15AM and after trying to think of the items I need to take care of I decided to fast this morning. I went to Salt Lake to the Family History center at the Joseph Smith Center. From there I was suggested to go to the Family History Library. There I talked to the supervisor of the center. He gave me the phone number of Sister Carolyn Bellomy who is the Director over the Church Family History department. I called her but she wasn’t in her office. I left her a message and she later returned the call. Sister Bellomy told me that they couldn’t accept Brother Farr’s files unless they were transcribed onto the computer. They neither had the time or manpower to enter the information. Un less this information is digitized they cannot accept information. She gave me the number of Brother Brown at the Church Historical Department, saying that because of the relationship to President Kimball they might be interested in the files. But when I called Brother Brown said that they could not accept these files either. Mae tended Jeff and Gail’s children, Benji and Rachel Lynn, this afternoon while Gail attended a special class for the school. They are sure special children. When Gail came to get the children we had a visit with her and she is sure concerned about Jeff. When Gail went to leave Benji didn’t want to go. Grandma spoiled him to much while he was here. Gail asked him if he wanted to go see Daddy and he immediately decided to go. Oh that Jeff could just realize what he has! I was some time working out the Comcast billing for this month. Before I ended up I also signed up for another phone line for us and we will cancel our service with Qwest. That will save us $15 a month on our phone bill and will give us unlimited long distance calling anywhere in the U.S. I did some studding for my CDL test. I talked to Carla about suggestions of what to do with Brother Farr’s files. She had some suggestions that we can consider. I also talked to Betsy about the problem and she suggested that we get a top loading scanner and scan the files. This sounds like a very good suggestion. I will have to visit with Brother Higgley and our Bishop with the information I know have. We got a e-mail from Larry and Dian Steel telling us that they are going to leave the Church because they feel that there is to many clicks in our ward and they don’t feel accepted here. Mae tried to send them a reply and also invited then to come over Friday evening. I guess we will see how that goes over. I finished my journal entry and then we went to bed quite late. After getting into bed both Mae and I had problems with out legs jumping. We had to get up and get some aspirins before we could go to sleep.
Tuesday, March 25, 2008
I woke just before the alarm went off at 6AM. I had Mae go back to sleep which she did waking at 7:30AM and fixing me some breakfast. I really enjoyed reading the scriptures this morning from 3 Nephi 11. What a special account of the Savior coming to the Americas after his resurrection. I went to Bryce and Deanna’s new home and helped Bryce by installing Haring Bone braces in what open floor joists I could and using decking screws to secure the floor to the joists. I also helped him remove some fur downs from their kitchen ceiling. I had to get up in the attic to secure framing to hang sheetrock to. For lunch Wendy invited us there for some hamburgers that she cooked for us. They were very good. I worked until 6 PM before gathering up tools and going home. Because of working so late I did not get home in time to attend the Republican Caucus meeting with Mae. She attended and was asked to be a county delegate. I showered and then lay down to take a nap. Betsy called and wants us to come to their place on April 2nd for dinner and they will show us how the scanner they have works. After talking to her I did take a ˝ hour nap. Mae got home just as I started to study for my CDL test. I stopped studying at 10PM and made this journal entry. I am sure tired tonight.
Wednesday, March 26, 2008
I got up early but Mae hadn’t slept very well last night so I let her sleep in. I took some fish up to Bob so he could cook the up for all of us. He made biscuits to go with them. We didn’t eat until 9:30AM so Mae could sleep as much as possible. I studied before breakfast and also after breakfast for my driving test. Scott and Jeff came over for lunch so that was enjoyable having them to visit for a few minutes. I studied after lunch and went to Brigham City about 3PM and took the test. I passed the 1st and 2nd section of the test with out any trouble but the 3rd section I only got 75% right and I had to have over 75% to pass. I decided to return tomorrow for a retake as I wouldn’t have any time to study before taking the test over again. I was going to stop at Bryce’s but then changed my mind. I was glad that I did because I forgot that we were going to the Temple this evening. Mae drove into the Temple so I could study on the way. We got there a little early and went through the 6:45PM session. Brother Higgley was the only one from our Ward that we saw. Brother and Sister Brown were on the next session. Not a very good turn out from our Ward tonight. We came home and had something to eat. I stayed up and entered this entry and studied for the retake in the morning.
Thursday, March 27, 2008
I got up at 6AM so I could go to Brigham City to retake one section of my CDL test for my learners permit. I passed this time with a 95%. I called Lew at the school district and he wants me to come in for more training. I came home and changed clothes and went in. I worked with Allen this morning and then I went home and ate some lunch. This afternoon I came back and went with Allen on his afternoon runs. We went to the North Layton Jr. High and took those children and the went to grade school east of Hill Air Force Base and got children there and took them home. I came on home and helped Mae get supper ready. We took it upstairs for Bob, Carroll and Mark to eat with us. When we came downstairs where we played a couple of games on the computers and watched a movie before going to bed.
Friday, March 28, 2008
I got up at 5:15AM so I could be ready to be at the School Bus area to go on a bus rout with Alan. When we finished the run and returned to the bus terminal, Sherrie, another trainee joined us and we went through the Pre-Trip inspection. We then washed the bus and went out on the driving track. Sherrie drove on the track and tried to Parallel Park and did fair. Alan had me take over and pull out. I was caught off guard as I put the bus into drive at the force of pull engine has on the bus. I also got my foot partially over the gas pedal as I stepped on the brake peddle so that gave me even more power. After realizing that, I did better as I took the bus to its parking space. After lunch I took a nap. Mae went over to Sister Dilly’s and helped her with her children while she moved to a house on H.A.F.B. I went to the store for a few items and a head of cabbage for Bob. He cooked a cabbage casserole for dinner. After eating Mae and I went over to Jeff and Gail’s where we tended Benji and Rachel while Jeff and Gail went out to eat and to a movie. Mae played with Benji until she put him down to bed. I watched TV while also studying and taking a test for the School District. It was almost mid-night when we got home.
Saturday, March 29, 2008
I got up and went to Bryce’s and worked for him today. I spent most of the day adding herring bone bracing to the floor joist in areas of the basement that are not finished and then screwing down the flooring upstairs. Mae went up to Cailee Walker’s baptismal this morning. Scott and Kylan were here when I came home. Scott had borrowed Bob’s pickup and taken trash away. They had just finished and we visiting with Mae when I came home. I showered and took a nap. Mae prepared dinner for Bob, Carroll, Mae and I this evening. Billie and Maggie Klass came over this evening and we played three games of marbles. The men vs. the women. Billie and I won the first and third game. It was almost 11PM when Billie and Maggie left but it was good to get together with them again. Morning will come early tomorrow.
Sunday, March 30, 2008
I went over to set up chairs this morning and they were already set up. I didn’t find out who are when they were done. We attended the regular block program. This afternoon we went up to David and Shauna’s for dinner and spent the evening with them. It was late when we returned and I was tired so we just went to bed.
Monday, March 31, 2008
There was no one available at the school district for training today so I decided to go to Bryce and Deanna’s and work on their house. I worked about 7 hours today. This evening we went to Georgia and Rick’s where all of Mae’s siblings gathered. Terry, Angela and Brandon came down as Wednesday Brandon will enter the Mission Home. Most of Georgia and Rick’s children also came. We ate dinner and visited. It was very good to get together with all of them.


Created by Cloudys and reveal.js
在线观看 PPT: https://slide.shan333.cn/slides/slide_for_course.html#/
binary search, also known as half-interval search,
logarithmic search, is a search algorithm that finds the
position of a target value within a sorted array.
- from wikipedia
查找从有序序列的中间开始，如果查找的数据在序列的中间位置，那么查找终止；否则，依据查找数据与中间位置数据的比较结果，可以递归的查找序列的左半部分或右半部分。


Weekly Meeting: 2014-12-10
10th Dec 2014: Entropy, Tracing docs, OSX backend, IPv6 and Projects
Agenda
- Entropy progress
- Tracing progress
- Xen C stub compilation progress
- MacOSX vmnet support
- IPv6 Merging
- Pioneer Projects
Attendees: Amir Chaudhry (chair), Thomas Gazagnaire, Masoud Koleini, Thomas Leonard, Anil Madhavapeddy, Hannes Mehnert, Dave Scott, Magnus Skjegstad and Carlos
Notes
Entropy for Mirage/TLS
Dave has been working on this. Essentially we need a daemon on dom0 to provide a small amount of entropy. This is at the top of his list and it will be done before Hannes gives a talk on the 27th (at CCC).
Once we have entropy device in Mirage, it is fed into the Fortuna part of
nocrypto
and then we get random numbers. What it doesn’t expose is the
random device. We also have possibility to get entropy from multiple sources.
Things are in place for that already so perhaps we should deal with each of
these as separate issues.
On a related note, Anil merged Hannes patches and cohttp on Unix and it all works without a hitch. Doesn’t do server certificate verification. Is implementing trust on first use for the XMPP client. There are issues related to both these points on the conduit library repo.
Xen C stub compilation
Mirage will now only link C-stubs on Xen if you explicitly mark it in OCaml meta file. A number of releases have happened and we’re now ready to package up the TLS things.
Need to fork zarith and gmp libraries and thinking that we’ll need to install dummy ocamlfind packages for TLS libraries to use. That might involve adding depext things to the mirage tool. Will have to feel our way through this to figure out the best approach.
Tracing Progress
Lots of things have been merged. A number of libraries now depend on
mirage-profile
, so it can be used in code without having to add an
additional dependency. This way you can get profiling from libraries out of
the box. Will soon be working on documentation for the website to explain how
to use it all. In the meantime we should work work on getting the lwt patched
upstreamed.
MacOSX vmnet support
Anil was working on using the vmnet support that’s available (but undocumented) on Mac OSX Yosemite (see the mailing list thread). Anil is still poking thorough traces to find various interfaces. We also think it does IPv6 but not quite sure. As a result, two new libraries have been released, ocaml-vmnet and mirage-net-macosx. It would be good to get feedback from others on their use of this and there have been no reported problems at all so far. Recently released Mirage 2.1.1 will default to Unix network stack on Macs prior to Yosemite.
Merging IPv6
Nic is currently in Argentina but would like to merge this asap. Will probably see some breakages can fix them up as things change. These will be a sequence of small changes but hopefully wouldn’t affect too many people. Anil will look at these and may be able to merge this in the next couple of weeks.
If anyone has access to IPv6 networks it would be great to hear feedback and reports.
Pioneer Projects
We could do with expanding the number of Pioneer Projects we have listed. Even if people have simple ideas, it would be useful to get them added to the wiki page. We especially need the ‘1-star’ projects, which can help onboard newcomers. Amir may add some tasks that cross over from ocaml.org (such as a pure OCaml implementation of Planet). Please do add what you can!
–
AoB
-
Masoud and Carlos joined the call and they’re working on an Openflow implementation (1.3 and 1.4). Currently fixing things before adding more functionality. At the moment there’s an openflow switch but would also like an openflow controller.
-
The next call is scheduled for Wednesday, 14th January - Please add any agenda items you wish to discuss in advance and refer to the mailing list for actual details a day or so in advance.
-
Happy Holidays to all!


Police investigating illegal lottery arrest man (42) in Derry
POLICE investigating an illegal lottery have arrested a 42-year-old man in Derry.
Detectives from PSNI's Terrorism Investigation Unit detained the man in the Creggan area of the city today.
A PSNI spokesman said items were seized during the search and arrest operation "as part of an ongoing investigation into the illegal use of a lottery in Derry".


|
""" This module contains deprecation messages and bits of code used elsewhere in the codebase that is planned to be removed in the next pytest release.
Keeping it in a central location makes it easy to track what is deprecated and should be removed when the time comes.
All constants defined in this module should be either PytestWarning instances or UnformattedWarning in case of warnings which need to format their messages. """
# set of plugins which have been integrated into the core; we use this list to ignore # them during registration to avoid conflicts "pytest_catchlog", "pytest_capturelog", "pytest_faulthandler", }
"The `funcargnames` attribute was an alias for `fixturenames`, " "since pytest 2.3 - use the newer attribute instead." )
"--result-log is deprecated and scheduled for removal in pytest 6.0.\n" "See https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/deprecations.html#result-log-result-log for more information." )
"Passing arguments to pytest.fixture() as positional arguments is deprecated - pass them " "as a keyword argument instead." ) |


|
|
IFXKeyTrack Class ReferenceA list of keyframes that represent a single track of 3D motion.
More...
Inheritance diagram for IFXKeyTrack:
List of all members.
Detailed Description
A list of keyframes that represent a single track of 3D motion.
Constructor & Destructor Documentation
| IFXKeyTrack::IFXKeyTrack |
( |
void |
|
) |
[inline] |
|
Member Function Documentation
| virtual void IFXAPI IFXKeyTrack::AllocElement |
( |
IFXVariant * |
get |
) |
[inline, virtual] |
|
|
|
Creates and appends a new keyframe.
The given variant is set to point to the new object. |
|
|
The given instant is set to an interpolated value along the track of data elements at the time specified.
An optional reusable context can be provided to retain state that should speed up searching the list for multiple requests with small variations in time. |
| void IFXKeyTrack::Compress |
( |
F32 |
deltaposition, |
|
|
F32 |
deltarotation, |
|
|
F32 |
deltascale = 0.01f |
|
) |
|
|
|
|
Removes all keyframes that can be accurately interpolated by using the adjacent keyframes in the list.
The arguments specify the allowable error. |
| void IFXKeyTrack::Filter |
( |
F32 |
deltatime |
) |
|
|
|
|
Removes all keyframes that differ in time by less than the given value.
If a long stream of keyframes contains very small differences in time, enough keyframes are retained to maintain differences just over the given delta time. |
| IFXString IFXKeyTrack::GetName |
( |
void |
|
) |
[inline] |
|
|
|
Returns the name of overall track.
|
| const IFXString& IFXKeyTrack::GetNameConst |
( |
void |
|
) |
const [inline] |
|
|
|
Returns the name of overall track (const).
|
|
|
Creates and inserts a new keyframe at the given time and value.
If the optional context is provided, multiple nearby insertions should be faster. |
| void IFXKeyTrack::SetName |
( |
IFXString |
set |
) |
[inline] |
|
|
|
Sets the name of overall track.
|
| void IFXKeyTrack::Sync |
( |
float |
time, |
|
|
IFXListContext * |
context |
|
) |
const [private] |
|
|
|
(internal) Aligns the context between the nodes just above and below the given time.
|
Member Data Documentation
© 1999 - 2006 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
* Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others.
|
|


Class Hierarchy
Go to the textual class hierarchy
Copyright © 2008-2021 NVIDIA Corporation, 2788 San Tomas Expressway, Santa Clara, CA 95051 U.S.A. All rights reserved.
www.nvidia.com


‘Viswasam’ versus ‘Bigil’ box office collection: Distributors get into a heated debate
by TIMESOFINDIA.COMThe fight between Ajith and Vijay fans is something that will never end, currently there is a competition between the fanclubs as to which actor is leading the Twitter trends and has highest box office collections. But now this argument has boiled down to the distributors as well, who are having a heated conversation over the box office collection of 'Bigil' and 'Viswasam' on Twitter. KJR Studios, who distributed Thala Ajith's 'Viswasam' criticised BOFTA Dhananjayan for his statement about 'Bigil' box office report by sharing a video on social media.


| PostgreSQL 9.0.10 Documentation | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prev | Up | Appendix E. Release Notes | Next |
Release Date: 2008-02-04
With significant new functionality and performance enhancements, this release represents a major leap forward for PostgreSQL. This was made possible by a growing community that has dramatically accelerated the pace of development. This release adds the following major features:
Full text search is integrated into the core database system
Support for the SQL/XML standard, including new operators and an XML data type
Enumerated data types (ENUM)
Arrays of composite types
Universally Unique Identifier (UUID) data type
Add control over whether NULLs sort first or last
Updatable cursors
Server configuration parameters can now be set on a per-function basis
User-defined types can now have type modifiers
Automatically re-plan cached queries when table definitions change or statistics are updated
Numerous improvements in logging and statistics collection
Support Security Service Provider Interface (SSPI) for authentication on Windows
Support multiple concurrent autovacuum processes, and other autovacuum improvements
Allow the whole PostgreSQL distribution to be compiled with Microsoft Visual C++
Major performance improvements are listed below. Most of these enhancements are automatic and do not require user changes or tuning:
Asynchronous commit delays writes to WAL during transaction commit
Checkpoint writes can be spread over a longer time period to smooth the I/O spike during each checkpoint
Heap-Only Tuples (HOT) accelerate space reuse for most UPDATEs and DELETEs
Just-in-time background writer strategy improves disk write efficiency
Using non-persistent transaction IDs for read-only transactions reduces overhead and VACUUM requirements
Per-field and per-row storage overhead has been reduced
Large sequential scans no longer force out frequently used cached pages
Concurrent large sequential scans can now share disk reads
ORDER BY ... LIMIT can be done without sorting
The above items are explained in more detail in the sections below.
A dump/restore using pg_dump is required for those wishing to migrate data from any previous release.
Observe the following incompatibilities:
Non-character data types are no longer automatically cast to TEXT (Peter, Tom)
Previously, if a non-character value was supplied to an operator or function that requires text input, it was automatically cast to text, for most (though not all) built-in data types. This no longer happens: an explicit cast to text is now required for all non-character-string types. For example, these expressions formerly worked:
substr(current_date, 1, 4) 23 LIKE '2%'
but will now draw "function does not exist" and "operator does not exist" errors respectively. Use an explicit cast instead:
substr(current_date::text, 1, 4) 23::text LIKE '2%'
(Of course, you can use the more verbose CAST() syntax too.) The reason for the change is that these automatic casts too often caused surprising behavior. An example is that in previous releases, this expression was accepted but did not do what was expected:
current_date < 2017-11-17
This is actually comparing a date to an integer, which should be (and now is) rejected — but in the presence of automatic casts both sides were cast to text and a textual comparison was done, because the text < text operator was able to match the expression when no other < operator could.
Types char(n) and varchar(n) still cast to text automatically. Also, automatic casting to text still works for inputs to the concatenation (||) operator, so long as least one input is a character-string type.
Full text search features from contrib/tsearch2 have been moved into the core server, with some minor syntax changes
contrib/tsearch2 now contains a compatibility interface.
ARRAY(SELECT ...), where the SELECT returns no rows, now returns an empty array, rather than NULL (Tom)
The array type name for a base data type is no longer always the base type's name with an underscore prefix
The old naming convention is still honored when possible, but application code should no longer depend on it. Instead use the new pg_type.typarray column to identify the array data type associated with a given type.
ORDER BY ... USING operator must now use a less-than or greater-than operator that is defined in a btree operator class
This restriction was added to prevent inconsistent results.
SET LOCAL changes now persist until the end of the outermost transaction, unless rolled back (Tom)
Previously SET LOCAL's effects were lost after subtransaction commit (RELEASE SAVEPOINT or exit from a PL/pgSQL exception block).
Commands rejected in transaction blocks are now also rejected in multiple-statement query strings (Tom)
For example, "BEGIN; DROP DATABASE; COMMIT" will now be rejected even if submitted as a single query message.
ROLLBACK outside a transaction block now issues NOTICE instead of WARNING (Bruce)
Prevent NOTIFY/LISTEN/UNLISTEN from accepting schema-qualified names (Bruce)
Formerly, these commands accepted schema.relation but ignored the schema part, which was confusing.
ALTER SEQUENCE no longer affects the sequence's
currval()
state (Tom)
Foreign keys now must match indexable conditions for cross-data-type references (Tom)
This improves semantic consistency and helps avoid performance problems.
Restrict object size functions to users who have reasonable permissions to view such information (Tom)
For example, pg_database_size()
now requires
CONNECT permission, which is granted to everyone by
default. pg_tablespace_size()
requires
CREATE permission in the tablespace, or is allowed if
the tablespace is the default tablespace for the database.
Remove the undocumented !!= (not in) operator (Tom)
NOT IN (SELECT ...) is the proper way to perform this operation.
Internal hashing functions are now more uniformly-distributed (Tom)
If application code was computing and storing hash values using internal PostgreSQL hashing functions, the hash values must be regenerated.
C-code conventions for handling variable-length data values have changed (Greg Stark, Tom)
The new SET_VARSIZE()
macro must be used
to set the length of generated varlena values. Also, it
might be necessary to expand ("de-TOAST") input values
in more cases.
Continuous archiving no longer reports each successful archive operation to the server logs unless DEBUG level is used (Simon)
Numerous changes in administrative server parameters
bgwriter_lru_percent, bgwriter_all_percent, bgwriter_all_maxpages, stats_start_collector, and stats_reset_on_server_start are removed. redirect_stderr is renamed to logging_collector. stats_command_string is renamed to track_activities. stats_block_level and stats_row_level are merged into track_counts. A new boolean configuration parameter, archive_mode, controls archiving. Autovacuum's default settings have changed.
Remove stats_start_collector parameter (Tom)
We now always start the collector process, unless UDP socket creation fails.
Remove stats_reset_on_server_start parameter (Tom)
This was removed because pg_stat_reset()
can be used for this purpose.
Commenting out a parameter in postgresql.conf now causes it to revert to its default value (Joachim Wieland)
Previously, commenting out an entry left the parameter's value unchanged until the next server restart.
Add more checks for invalidly-encoded data (Andrew)
This change plugs some holes that existed in literal backslash escape string processing and COPY escape processing. Now the de-escaped string is rechecked to see if the result created an invalid multi-byte character.
Disallow database encodings that are inconsistent with the server's locale setting (Tom)
On most platforms, C locale is the only locale that
will work with any database encoding. Other locale settings imply
a specific encoding and will misbehave if the database encoding
is something different. (Typical symptoms include bogus textual
sort order and wrong results from upper()
or
lower()
.) The server now rejects attempts to create
databases that have an incompatible encoding.
Ensure that chr()
cannot create
invalidly-encoded values (Andrew)
In UTF8-encoded databases the argument of chr()
is
now treated as a Unicode code point. In other multi-byte encodings
chr()
's argument must designate a 7-bit ASCII
character. Zero is no longer accepted.
ascii()
has been adjusted to match.
Adjust convert()
behavior to ensure encoding
validity (Andrew)
The two argument form of convert()
has been
removed. The three argument form now takes a bytea
first argument and returns a bytea. To cover the
loss of functionality, three new functions have been added:
convert_from(bytea, name)
returns
text — converts the first argument from the named
encoding to the database encoding
convert_to(text, name)
returns
bytea — converts the first argument from the
database encoding to the named encoding
length(bytea, name)
returns
integer — gives the length of the first
argument in characters in the named encoding
Remove convert(argument USING conversion_name) (Andrew)
Its behavior did not match the SQL standard.
Make JOHAB encoding client-only (Tatsuo)
JOHAB is not safe as a server-side encoding.
Below you will find a detailed account of the changes between PostgreSQL 8.3 and the previous major release.
 The disadvantage is that because disk writes are delayed, if the database or operating system crashes before data is written to the disk, committed data will be lost. This feature is useful for applications that can accept some data loss. Unlike turning off fsync, using asynchronous commit does not put database consistency at risk; the worst case is that after a crash the last few reportedly-committed transactions might not be committed after all. This feature is enabled by turning off synchronous_commit (which can be done per-session or per-transaction, if some transactions are critical and others are not). wal_writer_delay can be adjusted to control the maximum delay before transactions actually reach disk.
Checkpoint writes can be spread over a longer time period to smooth the I/O spike during each checkpoint (Itagaki Takahiro and Heikki Linnakangas)
Previously all modified buffers were forced to disk as quickly as possible during a checkpoint, causing an I/O spike that decreased server performance. This new approach spreads out disk writes during checkpoints, reducing peak I/O usage. (User-requested and shutdown checkpoints are still written as quickly as possible.)
Heap-Only Tuples (HOT) accelerate space reuse for most UPDATEs and DELETEs (Pavan Deolasee, with ideas from many others)
UPDATEs and DELETEs leave dead tuples behind, as do failed INSERTs. Previously only VACUUM could reclaim space taken by dead tuples. With HOT dead tuple space can be automatically reclaimed at the time of INSERT or UPDATE if no changes are made to indexed columns. This allows for more consistent performance. Also, HOT avoids adding duplicate index entries.
Just-in-time background writer strategy improves disk write efficiency (Greg Smith, Itagaki Takahiro)
This greatly reduces the need for manual tuning of the background writer.
Per-field and per-row storage overhead have been reduced (Greg Stark, Heikki Linnakangas)
Variable-length data types with data values less than 128 bytes long will see a storage decrease of 3 to 6 bytes. For example, two adjacent char(1) fields now use 4 bytes instead of 16. Row headers are also 4 bytes shorter than before.
Using non-persistent transaction IDs for read-only transactions reduces overhead and VACUUM requirements (Florian Pflug)
Non-persistent transaction IDs do not increment the global transaction counter. Therefore, they reduce the load on pg_clog and increase the time between forced vacuums to prevent transaction ID wraparound. Other performance improvements were also made that should improve concurrency.
Avoid incrementing the command counter after a read-only command (Tom)
There was formerly a hard limit of 232 (4 billion) commands per transaction. Now only commands that actually changed the database count, so while this limit still exists, it should be significantly less annoying.
Create a dedicated WAL writer process to off-load work from backends (Simon)
Skip unnecessary WAL writes for CLUSTER and COPY (Simon)
Unless WAL archiving is enabled, the system now avoids WAL writes
for CLUSTER and just fsync()
s the
table at the end of the command. It also does the same for
COPY if the table was created in the same
transaction.
Large sequential scans no longer force out frequently used cached pages (Simon, Heikki, Tom)
Concurrent large sequential scans can now share disk reads (Jeff Davis)
This is accomplished by starting the new sequential scan in the middle of the table (where another sequential scan is already in-progress) and wrapping around to the beginning to finish. This can affect the order of returned rows in a query that does not specify ORDER BY. The synchronize_seqscans configuration parameter can be used to disable this if necessary.
ORDER BY ... LIMIT can be done without sorting (Greg Stark)
This is done by sequentially scanning the table and tracking just the "top N" candidate rows, rather than performing a full sort of the entire table. This is useful when there is no matching index and the LIMIT is not large.
Put a rate limit on messages sent to the statistics collector by backends (Tom)
This reduces overhead for short transactions, but might sometimes increase the delay before statistics are tallied.
Improve hash join performance for cases with many NULLs (Tom)
Speed up operator lookup for cases with non-exact datatype matches (Tom)
Autovacuum is now enabled by default (Alvaro)
Several changes were made to eliminate disadvantages of having autovacuum enabled, thereby justifying the change in default. Several other autovacuum parameter defaults were also modified.
Support multiple concurrent autovacuum processes (Alvaro, Itagaki Takahiro)
This allows multiple vacuums to run concurrently. This prevents vacuuming of a large table from delaying vacuuming of smaller tables.
Automatically re-plan cached queries when table definitions change or statistics are updated (Tom)
Previously PL/pgSQL functions that referenced temporary tables would fail if the temporary table was dropped and recreated between function invocations, unless EXECUTE was used. This improvement fixes that problem and many related issues.
Add a temp_tablespaces parameter to control the tablespaces for temporary tables and files (Jaime Casanova, Albert Cervera, Bernd Helmle)
This parameter defines a list of tablespaces to be used. This enables spreading the I/O load across multiple tablespaces. A random tablespace is chosen each time a temporary object is created. Temporary files are no longer stored in per-database pgsql_tmp/ directories but in per-tablespace directories.
Place temporary tables' TOAST tables in special schemas named pg_toast_temp_nnn (Tom)
This allows low-level code to recognize these tables as temporary, which enables various optimizations such as not WAL-logging changes and using local rather than shared buffers for access. This also fixes a bug wherein backends unexpectedly held open file references to temporary TOAST tables.
Fix problem that a constant flow of new connection requests could indefinitely delay the postmaster from completing a shutdown or a crash restart (Tom)
Guard against a very-low-probability data loss scenario by preventing re-use of a deleted table's relfilenode until after the next checkpoint (Heikki)
Fix CREATE CONSTRAINT TRIGGER to convert old-style foreign key trigger definitions into regular foreign key constraints (Tom)
This will ease porting of foreign key constraints carried forward from pre-7.3 databases, if they were never converted using contrib/adddepend.
Fix DEFAULT NULL to override inherited defaults (Tom)
DEFAULT NULL was formerly considered a noise phrase, but it should (and now does) override non-null defaults that would otherwise be inherited from a parent table or domain.
Add new encodings EUC_JIS_2004 and SHIFT_JIS_2004 (Tatsuo)
These new encodings can be converted to and from UTF-8.
Change server startup log message from "database system is ready" to "database system is ready to accept connections", and adjust its timing
The message now appears only when the postmaster is really ready to accept connections.
Add log_autovacuum_min_duration parameter to support configurable logging of autovacuum activity (Simon, Alvaro)
Add log_lock_waits parameter to log lock waiting (Simon)
Add log_temp_files parameter to log temporary file usage (Bill Moran)
Add log_checkpoints parameter to improve logging of checkpoints (Greg Smith, Heikki)
log_line_prefix now supports %s and %c escapes in all processes (Andrew)
Previously these escapes worked only for user sessions, not for background database processes.
Add log_restartpoints to control logging of point-in-time recovery restart points (Simon)
Last transaction end time is now logged at end of recovery and at each logged restart point (Simon)
Autovacuum now reports its activity start time in pg_stat_activity (Tom)
Allow server log output in comma-separated value (CSV) format (Arul Shaji, Greg Smith, Andrew Dunstan)
CSV-format log files can easily be loaded into a database table for subsequent analysis.
Use PostgreSQL-supplied timezone support for formatting timestamps displayed in the server log (Tom)
This avoids Windows-specific problems with localized time zone names that are in the wrong encoding. There is a new log_timezone parameter that controls the timezone used in log messages, independently of the client-visible timezone parameter.
New system view pg_stat_bgwriter displays statistics about background writer activity (Magnus)
Add new columns for database-wide tuple statistics to pg_stat_database (Magnus)
Add an xact_start (transaction start time) column to pg_stat_activity (Neil)
This makes it easier to identify long-running transactions.
Add n_live_tuples and n_dead_tuples columns to pg_stat_all_tables and related views (Glen Parker)
Merge stats_block_level and stats_row_level parameters into a single parameter track_counts, which controls all messages sent to the statistics collector process (Tom)
Rename stats_command_string parameter to track_activities (Tom)
Fix statistical counting of live and dead tuples to recognize that committed and aborted transactions have different effects (Tom)
Support Security Service Provider Interface (SSPI) for authentication on Windows (Magnus)
Support GSSAPI authentication (Henry Hotz, Magnus)
This should be preferred to native Kerberos authentication because GSSAPI is an industry standard.
Support a global SSL configuration file (Victor Wagner)
Add ssl_ciphers parameter to control accepted SSL ciphers (Victor Wagner)
Add a Kerberos realm parameter, krb_realm (Magnus)
Change the timestamps recorded in transaction WAL records from time_t to TimestampTz representation (Tom)
This provides sub-second resolution in WAL, which can be useful for point-in-time recovery.
Reduce WAL disk space needed by warm standby servers (Simon)
This change allows a warm standby server to pass the name of the earliest still-needed WAL file to the recovery script, allowing automatic removal of no-longer-needed WAL files. This is done using %r in the restore_command parameter of recovery.conf.
New boolean configuration parameter, archive_mode, controls archiving (Simon)
Previously setting archive_command to an empty string turned off archiving. Now archive_mode turns archiving on and off, independently of archive_command. This is useful for stopping archiving temporarily.
Full text search is integrated into the core database system (Teodor, Oleg)
Text search has been improved, moved into the core code, and is now installed by default. contrib/tsearch2 now contains a compatibility interface.
Add control over whether NULLs sort first or last (Teodor, Tom)
The syntax is ORDER BY ... NULLS FIRST/LAST.
Allow per-column ascending/descending (ASC/DESC) ordering options for indexes (Teodor, Tom)
Previously a query using ORDER BY with mixed ASC/DESC specifiers could not fully use an index. Now an index can be fully used in such cases if the index was created with matching ASC/DESC specifications. NULL sort order within an index can be controlled, too.
Allow col IS NULL to use an index (Teodor)
Updatable cursors (Arul Shaji, Tom)
This eliminates the need to reference a primary key to UPDATE or DELETE rows returned by a cursor. The syntax is UPDATE/DELETE WHERE CURRENT OF.
Allow FOR UPDATE in cursors (Arul Shaji, Tom)
Create a general mechanism that supports casts to and from the standard string types (TEXT, VARCHAR, CHAR) for every datatype, by invoking the datatype's I/O functions (Tom)
Previously, such casts were available only for types that had specialized function(s) for the purpose. These new casts are assignment-only in the to-string direction, explicit-only in the other direction, and therefore should create no surprising behavior.
Allow UNION and related constructs to return a domain type, when all inputs are of that domain type (Tom)
Formerly, the output would be considered to be of the domain's base type.
Allow limited hashing when using two different data types (Tom)
This allows hash joins, hash indexes, hashed subplans, and hash aggregation to be used in situations involving cross-data-type comparisons, if the data types have compatible hash functions. Currently, cross-data-type hashing support exists for smallint/integer/bigint, and for float4/float8.
Improve optimizer logic for detecting when variables are equal in a WHERE clause (Tom)
This allows mergejoins to work with descending sort orders, and improves recognition of redundant sort columns.
Improve performance when planning large inheritance trees in cases where most tables are excluded by constraints (Tom)
Arrays of composite types (David Fetter, Andrew, Tom)
In addition to arrays of explicitly-declared composite types, arrays of the rowtypes of regular tables and views are now supported, except for rowtypes of system catalogs, sequences, and TOAST tables.
Server configuration parameters can now be set on a per-function basis (Tom)
For example, functions can now set their own search_path to prevent unexpected behavior if a different search_path exists at run-time. Security definer functions should set search_path to avoid security loopholes.
CREATE/ALTER FUNCTION now supports COST and ROWS options (Tom)
COST allows specification of the cost of a function call. ROWS allows specification of the average number or rows returned by a set-returning function. These values are used by the optimizer in choosing the best plan.
Implement CREATE TABLE LIKE ... INCLUDING INDEXES (Trevor Hardcastle, Nikhil Sontakke, Neil)
Allow CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY to ignore transactions in other databases (Simon)
Add ALTER VIEW ... RENAME TO and ALTER SEQUENCE ... RENAME TO (David Fetter, Neil)
Previously this could only be done via ALTER TABLE ... RENAME TO.
Make CREATE/DROP/RENAME DATABASE wait briefly for conflicting backends to exit before failing (Tom)
This increases the likelihood that these commands will succeed.
Allow triggers and rules to be deactivated in groups using a configuration parameter, for replication purposes (Jan)
This allows replication systems to disable triggers and rewrite rules as a group without modifying the system catalogs directly. The behavior is controlled by ALTER TABLE and a new parameter session_replication_role.
User-defined types can now have type modifiers (Teodor, Tom)
This allows a user-defined type to take a modifier, like ssnum(7). Previously only built-in data types could have modifiers.
Non-superuser database owners now are able to add trusted procedural languages to their databases by default (Jeremy Drake)
While this is reasonably safe, some administrators might wish to revoke the privilege. It is controlled by pg_pltemplate.tmpldbacreate.
Allow a session's current parameter setting to be used as the default for future sessions (Tom)
This is done with SET ... FROM CURRENT in CREATE/ALTER FUNCTION, ALTER DATABASE, or ALTER ROLE.
Implement new commands DISCARD ALL, DISCARD PLANS, DISCARD TEMPORARY, CLOSE ALL, and DEALLOCATE ALL (Marko Kreen, Neil)
These commands simplify resetting a database session to its initial state, and are particularly useful for connection-pooling software.
Make CLUSTER MVCC-safe (Heikki Linnakangas)
Formerly, CLUSTER would discard all tuples that were committed dead, even if there were still transactions that should be able to see them under MVCC visibility rules.
Add new CLUSTER syntax: CLUSTER table USING index (Holger Schurig)
The old CLUSTER syntax is still supported, but the new form is considered more logical.
Fix EXPLAIN so it can show complex plans more accurately (Tom)
References to subplan outputs are now always shown correctly, instead of using ?columnN? for complicated cases.
Limit the amount of information reported when a user is dropped (Alvaro)
Previously, dropping (or attempting to drop) a user who owned many objects could result in large NOTICE or ERROR messages listing all these objects; this caused problems for some client applications. The length of the message is now limited, although a full list is still sent to the server log.
Support for the SQL/XML standard, including new operators and an XML data type (Nikolay Samokhvalov, Pavel Stehule, Peter)
Enumerated data types (ENUM) (Tom Dunstan)
This feature provides convenient support for fields that have a small, fixed set of allowed values. An example of creating an ENUM type is CREATE TYPE mood AS ENUM ('sad', 'ok', 'happy').
Universally Unique Identifier (UUID) data type (Gevik Babakhani, Neil)
This closely matches RFC 4122.
Widen the MONEY data type to 64 bits (D'Arcy Cain)
This greatly increases the range of supported MONEY values.
Fix float4/float8 to handle Infinity and NAN (Not A Number) consistently (Bruce)
The code formerly was not consistent about distinguishing Infinity from overflow conditions.
Allow leading and trailing whitespace during input of boolean values (Neil)
Prevent COPY from using digits and lowercase letters as delimiters (Tom)
Add new regular expression functions
regexp_matches()
,
regexp_split_to_array()
, and
regexp_split_to_table()
(Jeremy Drake, Neil)
These functions provide extraction of regular expression subexpressions and allow splitting a string using a POSIX regular expression.
Add lo_truncate()
for large object truncation
(Kris Jurka)
Implement width_bucket()
for the float8
data type (Neil)
Add pg_stat_clear_snapshot()
to discard
statistics snapshots collected during the current transaction
(Tom)
The first request for statistics in a transaction takes a statistics snapshot that does not change during the transaction. This function allows the snapshot to be discarded and a new snapshot loaded during the next statistics query. This is particularly useful for PL/pgSQL functions, which are confined to a single transaction.
Add isodow option to EXTRACT()
and
date_part()
(Bruce)
This returns the day of the week, with Sunday as seven. (dow returns Sunday as zero.)
Add ID (ISO day of week) and IDDD (ISO
day of year) format codes for to_char()
,
to_date()
, and to_timestamp()
(Brendan
Jurd)
Make to_timestamp()
and to_date()
assume TM (trim) option for potentially
variable-width fields (Bruce)
This matches Oracle's behavior.
Fix off-by-one conversion error in
to_date()
/to_timestamp()
D (non-ISO day of week) fields (Bruce)
Make setseed()
return void, rather than a
useless integer value (Neil)
Add a hash function for NUMERIC (Neil)
This allows hash indexes and hash-based plans to be used with NUMERIC columns.
Improve efficiency of LIKE/ILIKE, especially for multi-byte character sets like UTF-8 (Andrew, Itagaki Takahiro)
Make currtid()
functions require
SELECT privileges on the target table (Tom)
Add several txid_*()
functions to query
active transaction IDs (Jan)
This is useful for various replication solutions.
Add scrollable cursor support, including directional control in FETCH (Pavel Stehule)
Allow IN as an alternative to FROM in PL/pgSQL's FETCH statement, for consistency with the backend's FETCH command (Pavel Stehule)
Add MOVE to PL/pgSQL (Magnus, Pavel Stehule, Neil)
Implement RETURN QUERY (Pavel Stehule, Neil)
This adds convenient syntax for PL/pgSQL set-returning functions that want to return the result of a query. RETURN QUERY is easier and more efficient than a loop around RETURN NEXT.
Allow function parameter names to be qualified with the function's name (Tom)
For example, myfunc.myvar. This is particularly useful for specifying variables in a query where the variable name might match a column name.
Make qualification of variables with block labels work properly (Tom)
Formerly, outer-level block labels could unexpectedly interfere with recognition of inner-level record or row references.
Tighten requirements for FOR loop STEP values (Tom)
Prevent non-positive STEP values, and handle loop overflows.
Improve accuracy when reporting syntax error locations (Tom)
Allow type-name arguments to PL/Perl
spi_prepare()
to be data type aliases in
addition to names found in pg_type (Andrew)
Allow type-name arguments to PL/Python
plpy.prepare()
to be data type aliases in
addition to names found in pg_type (Andrew)
Allow type-name arguments to PL/Tcl spi_prepare
to
be data type aliases in addition to names found in
pg_type (Andrew)
Enable PL/PythonU to compile on Python 2.5 (Marko Kreen)
Support a true PL/Python boolean type in compatible Python versions (Python 2.3 and later) (Marko Kreen)
Fix PL/Tcl problems with thread-enabled libtcl spawning multiple threads within the backend (Steve Marshall, Paul Bayer, Doug Knight)
This caused all sorts of unpleasantness.
List disabled triggers separately in \d output (Brendan Jurd)
In \d patterns, always match $ literally (Tom)
Show aggregate return types in \da output (Greg Sabino Mullane)
Add the function's volatility status to the output of \df+ (Neil)
Add \prompt capability (Chad Wagner)
Allow \pset, \t, and \x to specify on or off, rather than just toggling (Chad Wagner)
Add \sleep capability (Jan)
Enable \timing output for \copy (Andrew)
Improve \timing resolution on Windows (Itagaki Takahiro)
Flush \o output after each backslash command (Tom)
Correctly detect and report errors while reading a -f input file (Peter)
Remove -u option (this option has long been deprecated) (Tom)
Add --tablespaces-only and --roles-only options to pg_dumpall (Dave Page)
Add an output file option to pg_dumpall (Dave Page)
This is primarily useful on Windows, where output redirection of child pg_dump processes does not work.
Allow pg_dumpall to accept an initial-connection database name rather than the default template1 (Dave Page)
In -n and -t switches, always match $ literally (Tom)
Improve performance when a database has thousands of objects (Tom)
Remove -u option (this option has long been deprecated) (Tom)
In initdb, allow the location of the pg_xlog directory to be specified (Euler Taveira de Oliveira)
Enable server core dump generation in pg_regress on supported operating systems (Andrew)
Add a -t (timeout) parameter to pg_ctl (Bruce)
This controls how long pg_ctl will wait when waiting for server startup or shutdown. Formerly the timeout was hard-wired as 60 seconds.
Add a pg_ctl option to control generation of server core dumps (Andrew)
Allow Control-C to cancel clusterdb, reindexdb, and vacuumdb (Itagaki Takahiro, Magnus)
Suppress command tag output for createdb, createuser, dropdb, and dropuser (Peter)
The --quiet option is ignored and will be removed in 8.4. Progress messages when acting on all databases now go to stdout instead of stderr because they are not actually errors.
Interpret the dbName parameter of
PQsetdbLogin()
as a conninfo string if
it contains an equals sign (Andrew)
This allows use of conninfo strings in client programs that still use PQsetdbLogin().
Support a global SSL configuration file (Victor Wagner)
Add environment variable PGSSLKEY to control SSL hardware keys (Victor Wagner)
Add lo_truncate()
for large object
truncation (Kris Jurka)
Add PQconnectionNeedsPassword()
that returns
true if the server required a password but none was supplied
(Joe Conway, Tom)
If this returns true after a failed connection attempt, a client application should prompt the user for a password. In the past applications have had to check for a specific error message string to decide whether a password is needed; that approach is now deprecated.
Add PQconnectionUsedPassword()
that returns
true if the supplied password was actually used
(Joe Conway, Tom)
This is useful in some security contexts where it is important to know whether a user-supplied password is actually valid.
Use V3 frontend/backend protocol (Michael)
This adds support for server-side prepared statements.
Use native threads, instead of pthreads, on Windows (Magnus)
Improve thread-safety of ecpglib (Itagaki Takahiro)
Make the ecpg libraries export only necessary API symbols (Michael)
Allow the whole PostgreSQL distribution to be compiled with Microsoft Visual C++ (Magnus and others)
This allows Windows-based developers to use familiar development and debugging tools. Windows executables made with Visual C++ might also have better stability and performance than those made with other tool sets. The client-only Visual C++ build scripts have been removed.
Drastically reduce postmaster's memory usage when it has many child processes (Magnus)
Allow regression tests to be started by an administrative user (Magnus)
Add native shared memory implementation (Magnus)
Add cursor-related functionality in SPI (Pavel Stehule)
Allow access to the cursor-related planning options, and add FETCH/MOVE routines.
Allow execution of cursor commands through
SPI_execute
(Tom)
The macro SPI_ERROR_CURSOR still exists but will never be returned.
SPI plan pointers are now declared as SPIPlanPtr instead of void * (Tom)
This does not break application code, but switching is recommended to help catch simple programming mistakes.
Add configure option --enable-profiling to enable code profiling (works only with gcc) (Korry Douglas and Nikhil Sontakke)
Add configure option --with-system-tzdata to use the operating system's time zone database (Peter)
Fix PGXS so extensions can be built against PostgreSQL installations whose pg_config program does not appear first in the PATH (Tom)
Support gmake draft when building the SGML documentation (Bruce)
Unless draft is used, the documentation build will now be repeated if necessary to ensure the index is up-to-date.
Rename macro DLLIMPORT to PGDLLIMPORT to avoid conflicting with third party includes (like Tcl) that define DLLIMPORT (Magnus)
Create "operator families" to improve planning of queries involving cross-data-type comparisons (Tom)
Update GIN extractQuery()
API to allow signalling
that nothing can satisfy the query (Teodor)
Move NAMEDATALEN definition from postgres_ext.h to pg_config_manual.h (Peter)
Provide strlcpy()
and
strlcat()
on all platforms, and replace
error-prone uses of strncpy()
,
strncat()
, etc (Peter)
Create hooks to let an external plugin monitor (or even replace) the planner and create plans for hypothetical situations (Gurjeet Singh, Tom)
Create a function variable join_search_hook to let plugins override the join search order portion of the planner (Julius Stroffek)
Add tas()
support for Renesas' M32R processor
(Kazuhiro Inaoka)
quote_identifier()
and
pg_dump no longer quote keywords that are
unreserved according to the grammar (Tom)
Change the on-disk representation of the NUMERIC data type so that the sign_dscale word comes before the weight (Tom)
Use SYSV semaphores rather than POSIX on Darwin >= 6.0, i.e., OS X 10.2 and up (Chris Marcellino)
"Postgres" is now documented as an accepted alias for "PostgreSQL" (Peter)
Add documentation about preventing database server spoofing when the server is down (Bruce)
Move contrib README content into the main PostgreSQL documentation (Albert Cervera i Areny)
Add contrib/pageinspect module for low-level page inspection (Simon, Heikki)
Add contrib/pg_standby module for controlling warm standby operation (Simon)
Add contrib/uuid-ossp module for generating UUID values using the OSSP UUID library (Peter)
Use configure --with-ossp-uuid to activate. This takes advantage of the new UUID builtin type.
Add contrib/dict_int, contrib/dict_xsyn, and contrib/test_parser modules to provide sample add-on text search dictionary templates and parsers (Sergey Karpov)
Allow contrib/pgbench to set the fillfactor (Pavan Deolasee)
Add timestamps to contrib/pgbench -l (Greg Smith)
Add usage count statistics to contrib/pgbuffercache (Greg Smith)
Add GIN support for contrib/hstore (Teodor)
Add GIN support for contrib/pg_trgm (Guillaume Smet, Teodor)
Update OS/X startup scripts in contrib/start-scripts (Mark Cotner, David Fetter)
Restrict pgrowlocks()
and
dblink_get_pkey()
to users who have
SELECT privilege on the target table (Tom)
Restrict contrib/pgstattuple functions to superusers (Tom)
contrib/xml2 is deprecated and planned for removal in 8.4 (Peter)
The new XML support in core PostgreSQL supersedes this module.


{% extends 'base.html'%} {% import 'bootstrap/wtf.html' as wtf%} {% import 'macros.html' as macro %} {% block content %}
We create a course table with two columns for name and whether it is a full time or not. After we create the column name we then have to define the datatype of the column varchar defines that all data stored in the column is will be a String. Boolean data type states all the data stored will be a boolean either True or False.


Pamela, meaning “all sweetness”, signiﬁes the way we handle our tea leaves: with love and care. From Sri Lanka to your home, our tea brings bold and exotic ﬂavors that will renew your tea drinking experience. On top of the ﬂavor, Ceylon black tea provides enormous health beneﬁts, such as improving immunity and protect our heart. But what distinguishes Pamela? We value our workers, treat them with integrity, and in return, they devote to meticulously producing tea leaves that are processed by hand. Pamela promises you each cup will be refreshing and memorable.
ORGANIC
TEA BOIL
TEA BAG
The business of every art is to bring something into existence, and the practice of an art involves the study of how to bring into something which is capable of having such an existence and has its efficient cause in the maker and not in itself.
Pamela, meaning “all sweetness”, signiﬁes the way we handle our tea leaves: with love and care. From Sri Lanka to your home, our tea brings bold and exotic ﬂavors that will renew your tea drinking experience.
ADDRESS: No.477 Nawala Road , Rajagiriya, Sri Lanka
TEL: +94777499688
EMAIL<EMAIL_ADDRESS>pamelalankatea@hotmail.com


--- layout: default ---
Search the Web for an interactive data visualization with multiple linked views.
The visualization must not be on bl.ocks.org, and it should not be a toy example demonstrating a certain programming technique, library or framework. It should be a real-world product, that is intended to communicate information to a certain audience. For example, pieces done by the New York Times, or by Five Thirty Eight would be acceptable.
The visualization must also not be one that another student submitted already.
The visualization must have one of the following interaction patterns (from Chapter 12):
For the submission of this assignment, please do the following:
This will be interesting!


Bayesian Inference¶
PyFlux supports Bayesian inference for all the model types on offer.
Interface¶
To view the current priors, you should print the model’s latent variable object. For example:
1 2 3 4 | import pyflux as pf
# model = ... (specify a model)
print(model.z)
|
This will outline the current prior assumptions for each latent variable, as well as the variational approximate distribution that is assumed (if you are performing variational inference). To adjust priors, simply use the following method on your model object:
-
adjust_prior
(index, prior)¶ Adjusts the priors of the model. index can be an int or a list. prior is a prior object, such as
Normal
.
Here is example usage for adjust_prior()
:
1 2 3 4 5 | import pyflux as pf
# model = ... (specify a model)
model.list_priors()
model.adjust_prior(2, pf.Normal(0,1))
|
Methods¶
There are a number of Bayesian inference options using the fit()
: method. These can be chosen with the method argument.
Black-Box Variational Inference
Performs Black Box Variational Inference. Currently the fixed assumption is mean-field variational inference with normal approximate distributions. The gradient used in this implementation is the score function gradient. By default we use 24 samples for the gradient which is quite intense (other implementations use 2-8 samples). For your application, less samples may be as effective and quicker. One of the limitations of the implementation right now is BBVI here does not support using mini-batches of data. It is not clear yet how mini-batches would work with model types that have an underlying sequence of latent states - if it is shown to be effective, then this option will be included in future.
1 | model.fit(method='BBVI', iterations='10000', optimizer='ADAM')
|
- batch_size : (default : 24) number of Monte Carlo samples for the gradient
- iterations : (default : 3000) number of iterations to run
- optimizer : (default: RMSProp) RMSProp or ADAM (stochastic optimizers)
- map_start: (default: True) if True, starts latent variables using a MAP/PML estimate
- mini_batch: (default: None) if an int, then will sample mini-batches from the data of the size selected (e.g. 32). This option does not work for some model types.
- learning_rate: (default: 0.001) the learning rate for the optimizer
- record_elbo : (default: False) if True, will record ELBO during optimization, which can is stored as
x.elbo_records
for aBBVIResults()
objectx
.
Laplace Approximation
Performs a Laplace approximation on the posterior.
1 | model.fit(method='Laplace')
|
Metropolis-Hastings
Performs Metropolis-Hastings MCMC. Currently uses ‘one long chain’ which is not ideal, but works okay for most of the models available. This method applies a warm-up period of half the number of simulations and applies thinning by removing every other sample to reduce correlation.
1 | model.fit(method='M-H')
|
- map_start : (default: True) whether to initialize starting values and the covariance matrix using MAP estimates and the Inverse Hessian
- nsims : number of simulations for the chain
Penalized Maximum Likelihood
Provides a Maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimate. This estimate is not completely Bayesian as it is based on a 0/1 loss rather than a squared or absolute loss. It can be considered a form of modal approximation, when taken together with the Inverse Hessian matrix.
1 | model.fit(method='PML')
|
- preopt_search : (default : True) if True will use a preoptimization stage to find good starting values (if the model type has no available preoptimization method, this argument will be ignored). Turning this off will speed up optimization at the risk of obtaining an inferior solution.


--- layout: default title: Schedule permalink: /schedule/ ---
| DATE | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|
| session 1 | An Introduction to Compilers |
| session 2 | A Simple Compiler |
| session 3 | Lexical Analysis and Regular Languages |
| session 4 | Regular Expressions and Finite State Automata |
| session 5 | From Regular Expressions to DFAs |
| session 6 | Building a Scanner |
| session 7 | Top-Down Parsing |
| session 8 | Table-Driven Parsing |
| session 9 | Toward Abstract Syntax in the Parser |
| session 10 | Adding Semantic Actions to a Real Parser |
| session 11 | Code Review and Team Meetings |
| session 12 | Type Expressions and Type Checking |
| session 13 | A Program's Run-Time Environment |
| session 14 | Organizing Run-Time Storage |
| session 15 | Calling and Return Sequences |
| session 16 | Generating Three-Address Code |
| session 17 | Techniques for Generating Target Code |
| session 18 | Semantic Analysis |
| session 19 | Code and Project Review |
| session 20 | Code Optimization |
| session 21 | The End of the Compiler Story |