Input: [Date] 20-Nov [By] DC [Type] Features [Issue] Multiple [Comment]

Output: in ascxProjects.cs Finished implementation of xsdVerification (now the project file is checked when it is open and the user can click on the label (with the 'xsd verification error') to see details about where the current file is breaking the schema) in xml.cs made some changes to make the XSD verification generic and flexible added ToolTip Funcionality (for now only on the 'XSD verification label') in ascxTargets.cs changed the SPS from obpPaths.SpsTargetPath to obpPaths.SpsTargetTasksPath (i.e use the SPS with the Tasks details) Added XSD verification funcionality Added Spliter betweem Authentic and File explorer view to accommodate the targets that have tasks in frmCurrentAndArchivedProjects Removed the 'Target Tasks' since it was redundant BUG fix: added method setEnableFlagOnAllAscxControls which is used when ORG first loads to disable all tabs (exception would occur if the user clicked on a save button when a project wasn't loaded) in MDI_PenTest_Reporter.cs made the plug-ins link to a main button in the top bar (before it was in the 'Beta and Experimental stuff' menu) in ascxFindings.cs Added XSD verification funcionality Added Row and Col information (Bottom right) when in Notepad Mode in ascxPlugins.cs Added 'Save Plugin Data' button and 'unsaved' changed funcionality (to make it in par with all other views) Added XSD verification funcionality Added Notepad Edit for Plug-In data (needed when fixing XSD problems in the Template files) Added Row and Col information (Bottom right) when in Notepad Mode in DefaultProjects.sps removed the Report_author and Report_reviewer (so they don't show in the project's view)

Difference between revisions of "ORG (Owasp Report Generator) - Change Log" - OWASP


Input: [Date] 19-Nov [By] DC [Type] Features [Issue] Multiple [Comment]

Output: Bug: Fixed Search engine for XSTL (now the search works properly and the page is automatically scrolled to the selected text) Feature: XSD verification for Project Xml files. Implemented new utils.xml.xsdVerification which verifies a given XML against the main project's XSD with the following added funcionlity: setLabelBasedOnResult and showMessageBoxWithVerificationResult

Difference between revisions of "ORG (Owasp Report Generator) - Change Log" - OWASP


Input: [Date] 18-Nov [By] DC [Type] Features [Issue] Multiple [Comment]

Output: ascxFindings.cs : Solved bug that was causing the 'Changes made, do you want to save it' not to appear (Also added this check when changing the 'Edit Template to use') Regression testing for new use of GUID directories to store temp files Added method loadDummyXmlFileInAuthenticControl in order to resolve a current race condition with open handles in non-visible authentic controls Bug: Fixed race condition that happened if the user clicked to quickly on the listbox with findings, listbox with Targets or listbox with Projects (i.e. lbFindingsInCurrentTarget, lbTargetsInCurrentProject and lbCurrentProjects). Now these listboxes are disabled until everything is loaded Bug: Rename and delete Funcionality was not working in 'Windows Explorer View' BUG: Fixed error that ocurred when deleting previously opened Findings BUG: Fixed errors that occured when multiple findings with the same name where created (in different findings) BUG: Fixed exception that occured when the finding that was open in the finding view was modified after the Report PDF was created Feature: added the "Text Editor (i.e. Notepad)" View to the Findings editor (this makes it much easier to manually edit the xml files) Fixed bug of autoassign Issue-ID (fixed with the new CustomORG funcionality) Regression BUG: Fixed authentic issue that was preventing the images from showing in the authentic view Added special file called CustomORG.xml which will contain specfic Customization Data (for example the custom value of findingIDAttributeName (this file is expected to be on the root of the ORG_CONFIG_FILES directory)) in Project.cs added a Setter for FindingIDAttributeName in VulnReportHelpers added method loadCustomORGdata() and implemented code to load CustomORG value FindingIDAttributeName (from xml file CustomORG.xml) in Main.cs added call to method VulnReportHelpers.loadCustomORGdata(); Using mdbg (MS Managed Debugger) found a NASTY bug that was Crashing Visual Studio 2005 (!!!) when I opened the frmCurrentAndArchivedProjects form. The bug was on the constructor of ascxTargetTasks() which was populating the spsTargetTasksPath variable (need to do more research in the real causes of this, and why VS 2005 was not able to recover this error). in the fix of this bug, made changes to: OrgBasePaths.cs (added get for SpsTargetTasksPath) and ascxTargetTasks.cs (made this.strSpsTargetTasksPath = obpPaths.SpsTargetTasksPath; in ascxSplashPage Usability: Profile's Name are Sorted in Splash screen in MDI_PenTest_Reporter.cs Made the top buttons smaller look better Feature: the 'Window' menu now shows in its items a list of the current opened windows (before this list was in the sub-menu 'lists' which was not very practical) authentic.cs refactured a bit the code that handles the keyboard hooks level 3 now supports paste of text with newlines in it Fixed a NASTY bug introduced by the use of Split Containers in the Findings view which basicaly made the Keyboard Hooks not work!. I solved this by implementing a recursive search for the selected control (note: still now working 100% since I still need to fix the schema, and it doesn't seem to work when there is nothing selected (i.e. the paste of images only work if there is something selected)

Difference between revisions of "ORG (Owasp Report Generator) - Change Log" - OWASP


Input: [Date] 15-Nov [By] DC [Type] Features [Issue] Multiple [Comment]

Output: in asxPlugIns.cs: added new referencePlugInAssemblies capability so that we can now indicate with the dlls to load come from (the path indicated will be expected to a virtual reference to the local plug-in directory) in ascxReportPdf.cs: Made some small design changed. Added btCreateAndShowConsolidatedXmlFile button that calculates and shows in the XML file that is used by the xslt engine (basically a call to createReportXmlFile(); and axWebBrowser_WithXslResult.Navigate) Changed the way the images and compiled in the creation of the xml file, so that duplicate images don't show as alert (before it was blocking while trying to move the folder). Note: Need to add an image checksum check to detect the very fringe of same finding with same temp image name. In Findings.aspx.cs changed the what temp Finding files are created. Now all temp Findings are placed inside a directory named after a GUID

Difference between revisions of "ORG (Owasp Report Generator) - Change Log" - OWASP


Input: [Date] 06-Nov [By] DC [Type] Features [Issue] Multiple [Comment]

Output: authentic.cs : Commented MessageBox from catch exception since it was being thrown during normal ORG usage, ascxFindings.cs: cleaned up a bit the "Add Findings using template" feature (it is now on a separate groupbox and you need to click on 'Add'). Also changed the code so that it detects duplicate entries and auto selects the newly added Finding. ascxFindings.cs: lbFindingsInCurrentTarget is now sorted and updated the code of 'Add new finding' so that it finds the newly added item. ascxFindings.cs: Bug fix, rename funcionality now auto select the renamed Finding ascxExecutiveSummary: new feature: 'Report Contents' templates, now you can just select a template Report Finding

Difference between revisions of "ORG (Owasp Report Generator) - Change Log" - OWASP


Input: [Date] 05-Nov [By] DC [Type] Features [Issue] Multiple [Comment]

Output: in ascxTargets.cs - bug fix: in lbTargetsInCurrentProject_SelectedIndexChanged detect if there is a project selected in ascxTargets.cs - added some funcionionatity to the nmap imported: filter by status[@state='up'], provide default target type name, detailed reporting of what was imported, ignored or not added due to duplicated target in ascxTargets.cs - added a check box (cbShowContentOfProjectFolder) controls if the axWebBrowserContentsOfProjectFolder is show and updated in ascxFindings.cs - added 4 spliter between Targets and Findings (i.e. everywhere),

Difference between revisions of "ORG (Owasp Report Generator) - Change Log" - OWASP


Input: [Date] 02-Nov [By] DC [Type] Features [Issue] Multiple [Comment]

Output: in scriptHost.cs: Make compilation errors show in a Messagebox instead of throwing an ApplicationException in ascxFindings.cs: fix bug 'previous finding is shown when changing to a target that has no findings'

Difference between revisions of "ORG (Owasp Report Generator) - Change Log" - OWASP


Input: [Date] 24-Nov [By] MD [Type] Bug Fixes [Issue] Multiple Altova fixes [Comment]

Output: When putting enter you lose focus on the altova component so you can't do double enters. When pasting content with newlines in it the xml element would be shown as an escaped entity "" instead of the actual xml entity which would give the desired result of a newline.

Difference between revisions of "ORG (Owasp Report Generator) - Change Log" - OWASP


Input: [Date] 22-Nov [By] DC [Type] Features [Issue] Multiple [Comment]

Output: Findings tab: lbTargetsInCurrentProject is now sorted Findings tab: New feature to filter lbTargetsInCurrentProject (combo box of Available Targets) Findings tab: Added new Template_Findings funcionality (requires the existence of a Template_Findings folder in the plugins area) Target tab: Add new Web Browser view into the 'projects' folder Target Tab: lbTargetsInCurrentProject is now sorted Target Tab: Added abilty to search in target contents for DNS or IPs (good when making sure an IP is not already in the system)

Difference between revisions of "ORG (Owasp Report Generator) - Change Log" - OWASP


Input: [Date] 19-Nov [By] MD [Type] Update [Issue] Fixed image issue [Comment]

Output: Fixed the problem with the images not displaying inside of the new verion of the Altova component.

Difference between revisions of "ORG (Owasp Report Generator) - Change Log" - OWASP


Input: [Date] 15-Nov [By] MD [Type] Update [Issue] Created Installer [Comment]

Output: Created rough draft of installer using WiX

Difference between revisions of "ORG (Owasp Report Generator) - Change Log" - OWASP


Input: [Date] 06-Nov [By] MD [Type] Update [Issue] Removed the global variable class [Comment]

Output: Removed the global variable class and moved many of the paths to the OrgPath class. I did this for ease of maintenance and a little bit of code cleaniness.

Difference between revisions of "ORG (Owasp Report Generator) - Change Log" - OWASP


Input: [Date] 04-Nov [By] MD [Type] Update [Issue] Added in the initial zips that are used for config files, etc... [Comment]

Output: Had to add these because of a change made by Dinis.

Difference between revisions of "ORG (Owasp Report Generator) - Change Log" - OWASP


Input: [Macro Name] SECRM [Meaning] When a file with this attribute set is deleted, its blocks are zeroed and written back to the disk. [chattr/lsattr option]

Difference between revisions of "Paper" - Linux-VServer


Input: [Macro Name] UNRM [Meaning] When a file with this attribute set is deleted, its contents are saved. [chattr/lsattr option]

Difference between revisions of "Paper" - Linux-VServer


Input: [Macro Name] COMPR [Meaning] Files marked with this attribute are automatically compressed on write and uncompressed on read. (not implemented yet) [chattr/lsattr option]

Difference between revisions of "Paper" - Linux-VServer


Input: [Macro Name] IMMUTABLE [Meaning] A file with this attribute cannot be modified: it cannot be deleted or renamed, no link can be created to this file and no data can be written to the file. [chattr/lsattr option]

Difference between revisions of "Paper" - Linux-VServer


Input: [Macro Name] APPEND [Meaning] Files with this attribute set can only be opened in append mode for writing. [chattr/lsattr option]

Difference between revisions of "Paper" - Linux-VServer


Input: [Macro Name] NODUMP [Meaning] If this flag is set, the file is not candidate for backup with the dump utility. [chattr/lsattr option]

Difference between revisions of "Paper" - Linux-VServer


Input: [Macro Name] SYNC [Meaning] Updates to the file contents are done synchronously. [chattr/lsattr option]

Difference between revisions of "Paper" - Linux-VServer


Input: [Macro Name] NOATIME [Meaning] Prevents updating the atime record on files when they are accessed or modified. [chattr/lsattr option]

Difference between revisions of "Paper" - Linux-VServer


Input: [Macro Name] NOTAIL [Meaning] A file with the t attribute will not have a partial block fragment at the end of the file merged with other files. [chattr/lsattr option]

Difference between revisions of "Paper" - Linux-VServer


Input: [Macro Name] DIRSYNC [Meaning] Changes to a directory having this attribute set will be done synchronously. [chattr/lsattr option]

Difference between revisions of "Paper" - Linux-VServer


Input: [Condition] Alzheimer’s [Explanation]

Output: Preliminary research indicates efficacy. More research is needed to confirm or refute these findings.


Input: [Condition] Arthritis [Explanation]

Output: Several large-scale studies have shown efficacy in reducing symptoms.


Input: [Condition] Back pain [Explanation]

Output: Favorable results from patients and few small studies indicate efficacy. More research is needed to confirm or refute these findings.


Input: [Condition] Chronic Fatigue Syndrome [Explanation]

Output: Several studies have shown efficacy in treating symptoms.


Input: [Condition] Depression [Explanation]

Output: Several small-scale studies have shown efficacy as anti-depressant.


Input: [Condition] Fibromyalgia [Explanation]

Output: Several large studies have shown efficacy, but other conflicting evidence indicates more research is needed.


Input: [Condition] Hepatitis [Explanation]

Output: Several small-scale or short trials indicate efficacy. Large-sclae studies are needed to confirm these findings.


Input: [Issue] The social and environmental impact of our work for clients. [Aims] Be a centre of excellence for environmental and social communication. [How it is managed]

Output: Opportunities to advise clients on marketing with a social or environmental dimension are identified by our companies.

CR at WPP - WPP Corporate Responsibility Report 2009/2010


Input: [Issue] Risk to WPP’s reputation from undertaking controversial client work. [Aims] Protect WPP’s reputation by taking decisions at the appropriate level. [How it is managed]

Output: Upward referral within operating companies and consideration at WPP ethical review meetings.

CR at WPP - WPP Corporate Responsibility Report 2009/2010


Input: [Issue] Marketing ethics, compliance with marketing standards, and increasing transparency about our marketing practices. [Aims] Comply with all laws and industry codes governing marketing material. Improve standards and measurement in marketing practices. [How it is managed]

Output: Managed by our operating companies with referral to WPP directors as necessary.

CR at WPP - WPP Corporate Responsibility Report 2009/2010


Input: [Issue] Privacy and data protection are priority issues for all our companies and a particular focus for our research and digital agencies. Operating companies hold data on employees, clients and consumers. [Aims] Meet best practice standards, contribute to the debate on privacy, increase transparency for consumers on how their data is obtained and used. [How it is managed]

Output: The Group assists our operating companies in developing principles on privacy. Our key digital marketing and research companies have nominated senior executives to provide leadership on privacy and to work with other companies in the Group.

CR at WPP - WPP Corporate Responsibility Report 2009/2010


Input: [Issue] Employment, including diversity and equal opportunities, business ethics, employee development, remuneration, communication and health and safety. [Aims] Support our companies’ talent recruitment and retention through our reputation for corporate responsibility. Improve standards and measurement in employment. [How it is managed]

Output: Human resources policies are set and implemented at operating company level. WPP’s chief talent officer assists the operating companies in attracting, developing and retaining our talent.

CR at WPP - WPP Corporate Responsibility Report 2009/2010


Input: [Issue] Social investment, including pro bono work, donations to charity and employee volunteering. [Aims] To make a significant contribution to good causes through pro bono application of our marketing skills and direct donations to charity. [How it is managed]

Output: Pro bono projects are agreed between WPP companies and the charities concerned. Many of our companies have long-standing relationships with their pro bono partners. WPP the parent company helps to coordinate pro bono projects involving multiple WPP companies or cross-Group collaborations.

CR at WPP - WPP Corporate Responsibility Report 2009/2010


Input: [Issue] Climate change, including the emissions from energy used in our offices and during business travel. [Aims] Reduce absolute CO2 emissions by 40% by 2020 (from 2006 levels). Reduce per head carbon intensity to 1.2 tonnes by 2020 (from 3.3 tonnes in 2006). [How it is managed]

Output: Cross-functional, Group-wide Energy Action Teams and a network of agency Climate Champions help implement our climate change strategy.

CR at WPP - WPP Corporate Responsibility Report 2009/2010


Input: [Date] 3 weeks 3 days ago [Title] you may not know..... [Body]

Output: He enjoyed male fans as well. Not that there is anything wrong with that.


Input: [Date] 3 weeks 3 days ago [Title] Its time for Fran Tarkenton to shuffle off [Body]

Output: Given the way Stabler lived his life its amazing he lasted this long. I wonder if Kenny's switch-hitting made it into his book.


Input: [Date] 3 weeks 4 days ago [Title] kinda sorta [Body]

Output: Well, the flexbone is *kinda* like the wishbone. Its really a cross between the wishbone & run-n-shoot. These days the R&S portion of the attack isn't run so much. But when the scheme was first used at Hawaii 25 years ago the shoot was a significant factor. There are other differences as well. In the typical wishbone the fullback lines up much closer to the QB than the B back does in the flex. As a result the physical profile of a B back often looks much different than the traditional bone fullback.


Input: [Date] 4 weeks 3 days ago [Title] Its funny because its true. [Body]

Output: Its funny because its true.


Input: [Date] 6 weeks 4 days ago [Title] First 20 mins of Manos are [Body]

Output: First 20 mins of Manos are epic. Goes kinda downhill from there.


Input: [Date] 6 weeks 4 days ago [Title] Muppets forever [Body]

Output: Link Hogthrob and Dr Strangepork *rule*.


Input: [Date] 6 weeks 4 days ago [Title] a little worried [Body]

Output: I hope there is money in the budget for a hearing aid, because this kid has a hard time hearing the whistle.


Input: [Date] 7 weeks 5 days ago [Title] icing on the cake [Body]

Output: Local media covered SC media reaction post-game. Complete shock and complete respect. They thought Jokisch was a beast.


Input: [Date] 11 weeks 2 days ago [Title] awesome [Body]

Output: Goldens are great. Be careful with food; that golden goodness masks a voracious appetite.


Input: [Date] 12 weeks 1 day ago [Title] a little tidbit [Body]

Output: And that splitter enabled Roger to become just the 2nd manager in history to take a team from 100+ losses to > 0.500 in his first season. The best manager in history, Billy Martin, did it *3* times.


Input: [Date] 12 weeks 2 days ago [Title] some things have improved [Body]

Output: The Pointes do have more interesting restaurants than when I grew up there. Way more.


Input: [Date] 12 weeks 2 days ago [Title] true but..... [Body]

Output: In many ways RO does indeed have more going for it. But strictly on the subject of schools Berkley is definitely in better shape.


Input: [Date] 12 weeks 2 days ago [Title] Woods, Farms, Park, Shore & City [Body]

Output: There are 5 Pointes. And they're a tad more diverse than you think. And after the real estate crash, quite a bit more diverse


Input: [Date] 12 weeks 2 days ago [Title] there is an alternative [Body]

Output: Schools are decent in Berkley.


Input: [Date] 12 weeks 2 days ago [Title] I can see that [Body]

Output: East of Woodward a couple blocks south of 9 used to have a pretty high WT quotient. There used to be a decent sweet spot that started maybe 3 blocks south of 9 and went to a little south of 8 1/2. Never got too familiar with the west side just south of 9. Really use to love the neighborhoods northwest of 9 & Woodward.


Input: [Date] 12 weeks 2 days ago [Title] what neighborhood? [Body]

Output: That might depend on the specific block in Ferndale. Close to RO Township? Not good. Close to 8 Mile? Not good. And you wouldn't believe it but there is some crime right on 9 Mile steps from the police station.


Input: [Date] 12 weeks 2 days ago [Title] not so fast [Body]

Output: Schools in B'ham ain't what they used to be, depending on the building.


Input: [Date] 12 weeks 2 days ago [Title] Fashionable. Fabulous. Funky. Most of the time. [Body]

Output: There is definitely a hipster happening in Ferndale. But the schools..... depending on the building violence can be a problem.


Input: [Date] 12 weeks 2 days ago [Title] I hate this [Body]

Output: Darn it, its Grosse *Pointe*. The Woods is nice, but unfortunately its not quite as nice as it was a generation ago. Royal Oak? Schools are very uneven.


Input: [Date] 12 weeks 4 days ago [Title] ftw [Body]

Output: HARBAUGH.


Input: [Date] 12 weeks 6 days ago [Title] its a trap! [Body]

Output: Best listed alternative to Fighting Sioux? Admiral Ackbar of course. Ole Miss' loss could have been UND's gain.


Input: [Date] 15 weeks 20 hours ago [Title] been there [Body]

Output: I gotcha. I was 7 or 8 and went with the family to a well-known ice cream place in Traverse City. Its Friday, warm, tourist season. Like the last Friday in June. Threw up right in the middle of the crowd just moments after getting daquiri ice. Absolutely cleared the place out within 90 seconds. Dad consoled me in the car afterwards by explaining how the owner had just a dozen weekends to make enough money for the rest of the year.


Input: [Date] 15 weeks 5 days ago [Title] not fair [Body]

Output: Any thoughts of non-play action aggression were long ago choked out of Davis by Ferentz.


Input: [Date] 16 weeks 1 day ago [Title] but your way works too [Body]

Output: I think this is even better learned.


Input: [Date] 16 weeks 2 days ago [Title] better talent than App State [Body]

Output: That Eastern Washington squad was no joke. They would have been pretty good in FBS.


Input: [Date] 16 weeks 4 days ago [Title] waitaminute [Body]

Output: Ball State was uber spready. SDSU not so much.


Input: [Date] 16 weeks 4 days ago [Title] pot meet kettle [Body]

Output: Well, if they are afraid of war porn make sure they don't read Ibn Ishaq.


Input: [Date] 16 weeks 6 days ago [Title] follow the money [Body]

Output: Its less about morning/afternoon and more about budgets. The News had deeper pockets. Always did. And a few years before the JOA the ENA started a morning edition to compete directly with Freep. It cost a ton but was steadily eating the Freep away.


Input: [Date] 16 weeks 6 days ago [Title] um, no [Body]

Output: Back in the old days DN had a larger staff for more in-depth stories. A few times per year the Sunday edition would go all out on a subject that kicked off a weeklong series. There was detail you couldn't get anywhere else. Freep could never hang with that.


Input: [Date] 16 weeks 6 days ago [Title] snatching defeat from the jaws of victory [Body]

Output: The Evening News Association should never have signed the JOA. They had the Freep on the ropes. A couple more years and it would have been the Freep folding up shop.


Input: [0] fly [1]

Output: Makes the ship jump up and down


Input: [0] see [1]

Output: Gives a new camera that can be freely controlled


Input: [0] lookup [1]

Output: Open google maps for location


Input: [0] duck [1]

Output: Unlocks a duck in free roam


Input: [0] sink [1]

Output: Link the players ship


Input: [0] Flames [2] works on pushboat, RPA12, tugboat [1]

Output: Adds flames coming out of the exhaustion pipes


Input: [0] megamindy [2] works on P6,hovercraft, jetski, pilot boat, arie visser, powerboat, pushboat, marbella delight, water taxi [1]

Output: Spashes are now red


Input: [0] candles [2] works on pilot boat, arie visser, fairmount shephera [1]

Output: Puts candles on the ship


Input: [0] barles [2] works on the pushboat [1]

Output: Sets the barrels on the pushboat on fire


Input: [0] Chemical [2] only works with the pilot boat [1]

Output: Adds green smoke on the front of the pilot boat


Input: [0] bonfire [2] works with bugsier 2, tugboat [1]

Output: Puts a bonfire on the ship


Input: [0] torch [2] works on bugsier 2, pushboat [1]

Output: Changes antennas into torches


Input: [Title] Classical Drawing Series: Flowers, Leaves, and Stems [Program Type] Workshop or Trip [Date] 09/10/2015 - 6:00pm [Description]

Output: Studying live plants, students will sharpen their observational skills as they learn the techniques of realistic drawing. This program is open to all drawing levels.

Programs & Events | North Carolina Museum of Natural SciencesPage


Input: [Title] Classical Drawing: Butterflies [Program Type] Workshop or Trip [Date] 08/20/2015 - 6:00pm [Description]

Output: Open to all drawing levels, join us as we examine Museum specimens in detail and learn simple steps to a realistic drawing.

Programs & Events | North Carolina Museum of Natural SciencesPage


Input: [Title] Computer Programming for Beginners [Program Type] Family Program, Workshop or Trip [Date] 08/13/2015 - 6:30pm [Description]

Output: Have you ever wondered how a computer program works? Do you want to make your own computer games and websites? Discover your inner hacker and sign up today!

Programs & Events | North Carolina Museum of Natural SciencesPage


Input: [Title] Dragonfly Walk [Program Type] Citizen Science, Family Program [Date] 06/27/2015 - 1:00pm [Description]

Output: Join Museum naturalists to learn about dragonflies and how YOU can get involved in dragonfly research!

Programs & Events | North Carolina Museum of Natural SciencesPage


Input: [Title] Extreme Mammals Gala [Program Type] Event [Date] 09/25/2015 - 7:00pm [Description]

Output: The Friends invite you to the Gala opening celebration of Extreme Mammals, our upcoming special exhibition.

Programs & Events | North Carolina Museum of Natural SciencesPage


Input: [Title] First Friday: The Gorgon [Program Type] Event [Date] 08/07/2015 - 5:00pm [Description]

Output: On First Friday, August 7, venture into the deepest, starkest realms of the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences for a look at “The Gorgon.”

Programs & Events | North Carolina Museum of Natural SciencesPage


Input: [Title] Fizz, Bang and Ewww! - Introduction to Chemistry [Program Type] Family Program [Date] 09/09/2015 - 10:00am [Description]

Output: In this four part series, we will ease into concepts by balancing fun experiments with the important basics of chemistry.

Programs & Events | North Carolina Museum of Natural SciencesPage


Input: [Title] Fizz, Bang and Ewww! - Introduction to Chemistry [Program Type] Family Program [Date] 09/09/2015 - 2:00pm [Description]

Output: In this four part series, we will ease into concepts by balancing fun experiments with the important basics of chemistry.

Programs & Events | North Carolina Museum of Natural SciencesPage


Input: [Title] Gala Nature Explorer’s Drop-off Program [Program Type] Family Program [Date] 09/25/2015 - 7:00pm [Description]

Output: Give yourselves a night out at the Extreme Mammals Gala and your kids a chance to learn about cool topics, play games, and make recycled crafts at the Museum with our Nature Explorers' Drop-off Program.

Programs & Events | North Carolina Museum of Natural SciencesPage


Input: [Title] Game Night! [Program Type] Event [Date] 08/20/2015 - 6:00pm [Description]

Output: From Ocean-o-poly, Science Bingo and Pandemic to such Throwback-Thursday favorites as Mousetrap, Operation, Clue and Candyland, it’s all about having a great time with friends and family.

Programs & Events | North Carolina Museum of Natural SciencesPage


Input: The [Movie Title (Almost)]

Output: The _____ vs. The Aztec Mummy

Mystery Science Theater 3000 Missing Word Quiz - By Disney_Eyeworks


Input: Incredibly [Movie Title (Almost)]

Output: First _________ on Venus

Mystery Science Theater 3000 Missing Word Quiz - By Disney_Eyeworks


Input: Strange [Movie Title (Almost)]

Output: Santa Claus Conquers the ________

Mystery Science Theater 3000 Missing Word Quiz - By Disney_Eyeworks


Input: Creatures [Movie Title (Almost)]

Output: ______: The Hands of Fate

Mystery Science Theater 3000 Missing Word Quiz - By Disney_Eyeworks


Input: Who [Movie Title (Almost)]

Output: ________ of the Lost World

Mystery Science Theater 3000 Missing Word Quiz - By Disney_Eyeworks


Input: Stopped [Movie Title (Almost)]

Output: The ______ of Yucca Flats

Mystery Science Theater 3000 Missing Word Quiz - By Disney_Eyeworks


Input: Living [Movie Title (Almost)]

Output: _____ of the Blood Beast

Mystery Science Theater 3000 Missing Word Quiz - By Disney_Eyeworks


Input: And [Movie Title (Almost)]

Output: Overdrawn at the ________ Bank

Mystery Science Theater 3000 Missing Word Quiz - By Disney_Eyeworks


Input: Became [Movie Title (Almost)]

Output: The _____ Sacrifice

Mystery Science Theater 3000 Missing Word Quiz - By Disney_Eyeworks


Input: Mixed [Movie Title (Almost)]

Output: Blood Waters of Dr. __

Mystery Science Theater 3000 Missing Word Quiz - By Disney_Eyeworks


Input: Up [Movie Title (Almost)]

Output: Merlin's ____ of Mystical Wonders

Mystery Science Theater 3000 Missing Word Quiz - By Disney_Eyeworks


Input: Zombies [Movie Title (Almost)]

Output: Horrors of ______ Island

Mystery Science Theater 3000 Missing Word Quiz - By Disney_Eyeworks


Input: [WebSQL] A real, relational database implementation on the client (SQLite). [IndexedDB] Allows fast indexing and searching of objects, so in a web application scenario, you can manage your data and read/write it fast. A NoSQL database that let you work with your JavaScript objects and indexing them based on your application needs. Works in asynchronous mode with moderately granular locking per transaction. This allows you to work inside the event-driven module of JavaScript. [Category]

Output: Advantages

Migrating your WebSQL DB to IndexedDB - HTML5 Rocks


Input: [WebSQL] The spec is deprecated Overhead of SQL language you need to master and transform your JavaScript objects into relational schema Not object driven [IndexedDB] Harder to understand if you are coming from the world of relational databases. [Category]

Output: Disadvantages

Migrating your WebSQL DB to IndexedDB - HTML5 Rocks


Input: [WebSQL] Tables contain columns and rows [IndexedDB] objectStore contains Javascript objects and keys [Category]

Output: Location

Migrating your WebSQL DB to IndexedDB - HTML5 Rocks


Input: [WebSQL] SQL [IndexedDB] Cursor APIs, Key Range APIs, and Application Code [Category]

Output: Query Mechanism

Migrating your WebSQL DB to IndexedDB - HTML5 Rocks


Input: [WebSQL] Lock can happen on databases, tables, or rows on 'readwrite' transactions [IndexedDB] Lock can happen on database 'versionchange' transaction, on an objectStore 'readonly' and 'readwrite' transactions. [Category]

Output: Transaction

Migrating your WebSQL DB to IndexedDB - HTML5 Rocks


Input: [WebSQL] Transaction creation is explicit. Default is to rollback unless we call commit. [IndexedDB] Transaction creation is explicit. Default is to commit unless we call abort or there is an error that is not caught. [Category]

Output: Transaction Commits

Migrating your WebSQL DB to IndexedDB - HTML5 Rocks


Input: [Value] \0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0 [Meaning] NULL [Code Type]

Output: String of Null packets to get attention of sign

Difference between revisions of "Alpha 220 LED Sign" - NAS-Central Buffalo - The Linkstation Wiki


Input: [Value] \001 [Meaning] SOH [Code Type]

Output: Start of Header

Difference between revisions of "Alpha 220 LED Sign" - NAS-Central Buffalo - The Linkstation Wiki


Input: [Value] Z [Meaning] Direct at all Signs [Code Type]

Output: Type Code

Difference between revisions of "Alpha 220 LED Sign" - NAS-Central Buffalo - The Linkstation Wiki


Input: [Value] 00 [Meaning] All Signs Should Listen [Code Type]

Output: Sign Address

Difference between revisions of "Alpha 220 LED Sign" - NAS-Central Buffalo - The Linkstation Wiki


Input: [Value] \002 [Meaning] Start of Text Character [Code Type]

Output: Start Type

Difference between revisions of "Alpha 220 LED Sign" - NAS-Central Buffalo - The Linkstation Wiki


Input: [Value] A [Meaning] Text File [Code Type]

Output: Write File Type

Difference between revisions of "Alpha 220 LED Sign" - NAS-Central Buffalo - The Linkstation Wiki


Input: [Value] A [Meaning] A [Code Type]

Output: File Label

Difference between revisions of "Alpha 220 LED Sign" - NAS-Central Buffalo - The Linkstation Wiki


Input: [Value] \x1B [Meaning] ESC [Code Type]

Output: Start of Mode Field

Difference between revisions of "Alpha 220 LED Sign" - NAS-Central Buffalo - The Linkstation Wiki


Input: [Value] t [Meaning] compressed text [Code Type]

Output: MODE TAG (see below)

Difference between revisions of "Alpha 220 LED Sign" - NAS-Central Buffalo - The Linkstation Wiki


Input: [Value] \x1C [Meaning] color control code [Code Type]

Output: Control Code

Difference between revisions of "Alpha 220 LED Sign" - NAS-Central Buffalo - The Linkstation Wiki


Input: [Value] 1 [Meaning] red [Code Type]

Output: COLORTAG (see below)

Difference between revisions of "Alpha 220 LED Sign" - NAS-Central Buffalo - The Linkstation Wiki


Input: [Value] Hello World [Code Type]

Output: Text Message

Difference between revisions of "Alpha 220 LED Sign" - NAS-Central Buffalo - The Linkstation Wiki


Input: [Value] \004 [Meaning] EOT [Code Type]

Output: End of Transmission

Difference between revisions of "Alpha 220 LED Sign" - NAS-Central Buffalo - The Linkstation Wiki


Input: [Standard] Logical Connection / Causal Link [Why it's important]

Output: Without a proposed and demonstrated mechanism between an asserted cause and effect, there's no way to demonstrate that it's anything more than a coincidence. The causal link between flipping a light switch and the light coming on is that the flow of electricity is allowed to the light bulb, which lights up. This causal link can be easily demonstrated. Conversely, what is the causal link between burying a statue of St. Anthony upside down by the "for sale" sign for the house that's on the market, and the house selling faster, and how would one demonstrate this causal link? Without the causal link, it's a form of post hoc ergo propter hoc to assert that they're connected.


Input: [Standard] Repeatability [Why it's important]

Output: It's possible that when event B follows A that it was simply a fluke. Being able to repeatedly and consistently demonstrate A -> B ensures that statistical noise can be eliminated from the investigation.


Input: [Standard] Falsifiability [Why it's important]

Output: It's possible to construct claims that cannot be disproven, yet are, in actuality, untrue. Prayer is a good example of this. The model of prayer is constructed in a way that, no matter the outcome, prayer has always succeeded. Such claims tend to be indistinguishable from them not occurring at all, and aren't useful for explaining anything, as their demonstrability is sacrificed to make them unfalsifiable. What is the utility of asserting something that cannot be distinguished from it not happening at all?


Input: [Standard] Testability [Why it's important]

Output: Just in case a person making a claim isn't simply lying or incorrect for some reason, testability gives us the ability to verify each others' claims. Until a claim is tested, it's simply an assertion. How does one test the assertion that the birds and trees are evidence for creation? Not everything has to be directly observable or testable. Like magnetism that we cannot detect with any senses, we can investigate it indirectly, with metal objects for instance. Evolution makes testable claims. It can be used to predict that at one point, water creatures evolved into land creatures, and we could potentially find transitional forms of when some did evolve. This was successfully tested when we discovered Tiktaalik, as predicted.


Input: [Standard] Presentability [Why it's important]

Output: Evidence must be presentable to others, otherwise, one can claim that one has incontrovertible evidence, but it's currently unavailable. Without presentability, there's no way to validate the evidence asserted. Personal anecdotes often fail in this category, as they are necessarily first-person, and can only be asserted to others.


Input: [Standard] Objective [Why it's important]

Output: The mind is so prone to error, misinterpretation and bias, that any data that originates from a mind is necessarily extremely unreliable. This is why testimonial evidence ranks so low in criminal trials. When someone claims a god exists because he/she can feel him, we cannot distinguish between the person's assertion being correct, and the person being schizophrenic. Data that originates from objective reality has this subjective error greatly minimized. Popular in the Intelligent design movement is the asserted evidence, "We can tell when someone appears to be designed, so when we look at nature, and it appears to be designed, it therefore is an indicated that it in fact designed." That's a matter of subjective opinion. It's like saying "We can recognize a cube when we see it, and if an object appears to be a cube, then we have established that it is a cube." Unlike "the appearance of design", we have an objective definition of a cube that can be objectively measured and confirmed.


Input: [Standard] Exclusion [Why it's important]

Output: Exclusion has more to do with corroborating evidence than the specific evidence in question, and is frequently where apologetics fail. If one is investigating whether Bob is a smoker, and discovers that Bob's house burned down in the past, that could indicate that he was smoking in bed, had an accident, and the house caught on fire. The question arises, how do know the fire wasn't cause by other possibilities, such as a lightning strike, bad wiring, or knocked over candle? Further evidence excludes one possibility from the others, until it's been sufficiently demonstrated that the asserted claim is the correct possibility. Likewise, when apologists cite the existence of Earth as evidence for a Creator, the question arises, what evidence do we have that it was a god, and not some other natural cause that we aren't aware of yet? The existence of an effect doesn't prove the asserted cause.


Input: [0] nominative [singular] бала́нс baláns [plural]

Output: бала́нсы balánsy

бала́нсы balánsy

бала́нсов balánsov

бала́нсам balánsam

бала́нсами balánsami

бала́нсах balánsax


Input: [0] genitive [singular] бала́нса balánsa [plural]

Output: бала́нсов balánsov

бала́нсы balánsy

бала́нсов balánsov

бала́нсам balánsam

бала́нсами balánsami

бала́нсах balánsax


Input: [0] dative [singular] бала́нсу balánsu [plural]

Output: бала́нсам balánsam

бала́нсы balánsy

бала́нсов balánsov

бала́нсам balánsam

бала́нсами balánsami

бала́нсах balánsax


Input: [0] accusative [singular] бала́нс baláns [plural]

Output: бала́нсы balánsy

бала́нсы balánsy

бала́нсов balánsov

бала́нсам balánsam

бала́нсами balánsami

бала́нсах balánsax


Input: [0] instrumental [singular] бала́нсом balánsom [plural]

Output: бала́нсами balánsami

бала́нсы balánsy

бала́нсов balánsov

бала́нсам balánsam

бала́нсами balánsami

бала́нсах balánsax


Input: [0] prepositional [singular] бала́нсе balánse [plural]

Output: бала́нсах balánsax

бала́нсы balánsy

бала́нсов balánsov

бала́нсам balánsam

бала́нсами balánsami

бала́нсах balánsax


Input: [Material] PVC (Poly Vinyl Chloride)/vinyl/pleather/artificial leather/Moleskine notebooks [DANGER!] Emits pure chlorine gas when cut! [Cause/Consequence]

Output: Don't ever cut this material as it will ruin the optics, cause the metal of the machine to corrode, and ruin the motion control system.


Input: [Material] Thick ( >1mm ) Polycarbonate/Lexan [DANGER!] Cut very poorly, discolor, catch fire [Cause/Consequence]

Output: Polycarbonate is often found as flat, sheet material. The window of the laser cutter is made of Polycarbonate because polycarbonate strongly absorbs infrared radiation! This is the frequency of light the laser cutter uses to cut materials, so it is very ineffective at cutting polycarbonate. Polycarbonate is a poor choice for laser cutting.


Input: [Material] ABS [DANGER!] Emits cyanide gas and tends to melt [Cause/Consequence]

Output: ABS does not cut well in a laser cutter. It tends to melt rather than vaporize, and has a higher chance of catching on fire and leaving behind melted gooey deposits on the vector cutting grid. It also does not engrave well (again, tends to melt).


Input: [Material] HDPE/milk bottle plastic [DANGER!] Catches fire and melts [Cause/Consequence]

Output: It melts. It gets gooey. Don't use it.


Input: [Material] PolyStyrene Foam [DANGER!] Catches fire [Cause/Consequence]

Output: It catches fire, it melts, and only thin pieces cut. This is the #1 material that causes laser fires!!!


Input: [Material] PolyPropylene Foam [DANGER!] Catches fire [Cause/Consequence]

Output: Like PolyStyrene, it melts, catches fire, and the melted drops continue to burn and turn into rock-hard drips and pebbles.


Input: [Material] Fiberglass [DANGER!] Emits fumes [Cause/Consequence]

Output: It's a mix of two materials that cant' be cut. Glass (etch, no cut) and epoxy resin (fumes)


Input: [Material] Coated Carbon Fiber [DANGER!] Emits noxious fumes [Cause/Consequence]

Output: A mix of two materials. Thin carbon fiber mat can be cut, with some fraying - but not when coated.


Input: [Material] Any powder [Cause/Consequence]

Output: the compressed air will blow it away


Input: Physically fit +69%

Output: Sweet +46%


Input: Ambitious +64%

Output: Ambitious +39%


Input: Perceptive +63%

Output: Thoughtful +30%


Input: Passionate +53%

Output: Spontaneous +30%


Input: Optimistic +44%

Output: Physically fit +22%


Input: Funny +38%

Output: Funny +21%


Input: Spontaneous +33%

Output: Outgoing +19%


Input: Thoughtful +21%

Output: Optimistic +17%


Input: Affectionate +17%

Output: Hard working +17%


Input: Outgoing + 17%

Output: Passionate +16%


Input: [Pos] 1B [What it Means] First Base [Who is Eligible]

Output: Only first basemen

Yahoo Public 44923 - scott's Okay Team | Fantasy Baseball | Yahoo Sports


Input: [Pos] 2B [What it Means] Second Base [Who is Eligible]

Output: Only second basemen

Yahoo Public 44923 - scott's Okay Team | Fantasy Baseball | Yahoo Sports


Input: [Pos] 3B [What it Means] Third Base [Who is Eligible]

Output: Only third basemen

Yahoo Public 44923 - scott's Okay Team | Fantasy Baseball | Yahoo Sports


Input: [Pos] SS [What it Means] Shortstop [Who is Eligible]

Output: Only Shortstops

Yahoo Public 44923 - scott's Okay Team | Fantasy Baseball | Yahoo Sports


Input: [Pos] C [What it Means] Catcher [Who is Eligible]

Output: Only catchers

Yahoo Public 44923 - scott's Okay Team | Fantasy Baseball | Yahoo Sports


Input: [Pos] CI [What it Means] Corner Infield [Who is Eligible]

Output: Any first or third baseman

Yahoo Public 44923 - scott's Okay Team | Fantasy Baseball | Yahoo Sports


Input: [Pos] MI [What it Means] Middle Infield [Who is Eligible]

Output: Any second baseman or shortstop

Yahoo Public 44923 - scott's Okay Team | Fantasy Baseball | Yahoo Sports


Input: [Pos] IF [What it Means] Infield [Who is Eligible]

Output: Any infielder

Yahoo Public 44923 - scott's Okay Team | Fantasy Baseball | Yahoo Sports


Input: [Pos] LF [What it Means] Left Field [Who is Eligible]

Output: Only left fielders

Yahoo Public 44923 - scott's Okay Team | Fantasy Baseball | Yahoo Sports


Input: [Pos] CF [What it Means] Center Field [Who is Eligible]

Output: Only center fielders

Yahoo Public 44923 - scott's Okay Team | Fantasy Baseball | Yahoo Sports


Input: [Pos] RF [What it Means] Right Field [Who is Eligible]

Output: Only right fielders

Yahoo Public 44923 - scott's Okay Team | Fantasy Baseball | Yahoo Sports


Input: [Pos] OF [What it Means] Outfield [Who is Eligible]

Output: Any left, center or right fielder

Yahoo Public 44923 - scott's Okay Team | Fantasy Baseball | Yahoo Sports


Input: [Pos] Util [What it Means] Utility [Who is Eligible]

Output: Any non-pitcher

Yahoo Public 44923 - scott's Okay Team | Fantasy Baseball | Yahoo Sports


Input: [Pos] SP [What it Means] Starting Pitcher [Who is Eligible]

Output: Only starting pitchers

Yahoo Public 44923 - scott's Okay Team | Fantasy Baseball | Yahoo Sports


Input: [Pos] RP [What it Means] Relief Pitcher [Who is Eligible]

Output: Only relief pitchers

Yahoo Public 44923 - scott's Okay Team | Fantasy Baseball | Yahoo Sports


Input: [Pos] P [What it Means] Pitcher [Who is Eligible]

Output: Any starting or relief pitcher

Yahoo Public 44923 - scott's Okay Team | Fantasy Baseball | Yahoo Sports


Input: [Pos] BN [What it Means] Bench [Who is Eligible]

Output: Any player

Yahoo Public 44923 - scott's Okay Team | Fantasy Baseball | Yahoo Sports


Input: [Pos] DL [What it Means] Disabled List [Who is Eligible]

Output: Any player on real-life DL

Yahoo Public 44923 - scott's Okay Team | Fantasy Baseball | Yahoo Sports


Input: [Attribute]

Output: className

Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.63) - The ClusterManager object


Input: [Description] The name of this cluster manager, the name is used to identify a session manager on a node. The name might get modified by the Cluster element to make it unique in the container. [Attribute]

Output: name

Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.63) - The ClusterManager object


Input: [Description] Set to true if you wish to have session listeners notified when session attributes are being replicated or removed across Tomcat nodes in the cluster. [Attribute]

Output: notifyListenersOnReplication

Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.63) - The ClusterManager object


Input: [Description] When a web application is being shutdown, Tomcat issues an expire call to each session to notify all the listeners. If you wish for all sessions to expire on all nodes when a shutdown occurs on one node, set this value to true. Default value is false. [Attribute]

Output: expireSessionsOnShutdown

Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.63) - The ClusterManager object


Input: [Description] A regular expression used to filter, which session attributes will be replicated. An attribute will only be replicated, if its name matches this pattern. If the pattern is not set (default), all attributes are eligible for replication. As an example, the value ^(userName|sessionHistory)$ will only replicate the two session attributes named userName and sessionHistory. [Attribute]

Output: sessionAttributeFilter

Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.63) - The ClusterManager object


Input: [Description] The initial maximum time interval, in seconds, between client requests before a session is invalidated. A negative value will result in sessions never timing out. If the attribute is not provided, a default of 1800 seconds (30 minutes) is used. This attribute provides the initial value whenever a new session is created, but the interval may be dynamically varied by a servlet via the setMaxInactiveInterval method of the HttpSession object. [Attribute]

Output: maxInactiveInterval

Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.63) - The ClusterManager object


Input: [Description] The length of session ids created by this Manager, measured in bytes, excluding subsequent conversion to a hexadecimal string and excluding any JVM route information used for load balancing. The default is 16. You should set the length on a nested SessionIdGenerator element instead. [Attribute]

Output: sessionIdLength

Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.63) - The ClusterManager object


Input: [Description] Frequency of the session expiration, and related manager operations. Manager operations will be done once for the specified amount of backgroundProcess calls (i.e., the lower the amount, the more often the checks will occur). The minimum value is 1, and the default value is 6. [Attribute]

Output: processExpiresFrequency

Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.63) - The ClusterManager object


Input: [Description] Name of the Java class that extends java.security.SecureRandom to use to generate session IDs. If not specified, the default value is java.security.SecureRandom. [Attribute]

Output: secureRandomClass

Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.63) - The ClusterManager object


Input: [Description] Name of the provider to use to create the java.security.SecureRandom instances that generate session IDs. If an invalid algorithm and/or provider is specified, the Manager will use the platform default provider and the default algorithm. If not specified, the platform default provider will be used. [Attribute]

Output: secureRandomProvider

Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.63) - The ClusterManager object


Input: [Description] Name of the algorithm to use to create the java.security.SecureRandom instances that generate session IDs. If an invalid algorithm and/or provider is specified, the Manager will use the platform default provider and the default algorithm. If not specified, the default algorithm of SHA1PRNG will be used. If the default algorithm is not supported, the platform default will be used. To specify that the platform default should be used, do not set the secureRandomProvider attribute and set this attribute to the empty string. [Attribute]

Output: secureRandomAlgorithm

Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.63) - The ClusterManager object


Input: [Description] Flag whether send all actions for session across Tomcat cluster nodes. If set to false, if already done something to the same attribute, make sure don't send multiple actions across Tomcat cluster nodes. In that case, sends only the actions that have been added at last. Default is false. [Attribute]

Output: recordAllActions

Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.63) - The ClusterManager object


Input: Total Loss No total loss reported to CARFAX. [Owners 1-2] No Issues Reported [Owner 3] No Issues Reported [Owner 4]

Output: No Issues Reported

CARFAX Vehicle History Report for this 2007 FORD F150: 1FTPX14V67FA39284


Input: Structural Damage No structural damage reported to CARFAX. [Owners 1-2] No Issues Reported [Owner 3] No Issues Reported [Owner 4]

Output: No Issues Reported

CARFAX Vehicle History Report for this 2007 FORD F150: 1FTPX14V67FA39284


Input: Airbag Deployment No airbag deployment reported to CARFAX. [Owners 1-2] No Issues Reported [Owner 3] No Issues Reported [Owner 4]

Output: No Issues Reported

CARFAX Vehicle History Report for this 2007 FORD F150: 1FTPX14V67FA39284


Input: Odometer Check DMV title problems reported. [Owners 1-2] No Issues Indicated [Owner 3] Odometer Problem [Owner 4]

Output: No New Issues Indicated

CARFAX Vehicle History Report for this 2007 FORD F150: 1FTPX14V67FA39284


Input: Accident / Damage No accidents or damage reported to CARFAX. [Owners 1-2] No Issues Reported [Owner 3] No Issues Reported [Owner 4]

Output: No Issues Reported

CARFAX Vehicle History Report for this 2007 FORD F150: 1FTPX14V67FA39284


Input: Manufacturer Recall A current list of recalls is available at Ford Motor Company. [Owners 1-2] No Recalls Reported [Owner 3] No Recalls Reported [Owner 4]

Output: No Recalls Reported

CARFAX Vehicle History Report for this 2007 FORD F150: 1FTPX14V67FA39284


Input: Basic Warranty Original warranty estimated to have expired. [Owners 1-2] Warranty Expired [Owner 3] Warranty Expired [Owner 4]

Output: Warranty Expired

CARFAX Vehicle History Report for this 2007 FORD F150: 1FTPX14V67FA39284


Input: [Name] grantor [Data Type] sql_identifier [Description]

Output: Name of the user that granted the privilege

PostgreSQL: Documentation: 8.1: role_table_grants


Input: [Name] grantee [Data Type] sql_identifier [Description]

Output: Name of the group that the privilege was granted to

PostgreSQL: Documentation: 8.1: role_table_grants


Input: [Name] table_catalog [Data Type] sql_identifier [Description]

Output: Name of the database that contains the table (always the current database)

PostgreSQL: Documentation: 8.1: role_table_grants


Input: [Name] table_schema [Data Type] sql_identifier [Description]

Output: Name of the schema that contains the table

PostgreSQL: Documentation: 8.1: role_table_grants


Input: [Name] table_name [Data Type] sql_identifier [Description]

Output: Name of the table

PostgreSQL: Documentation: 8.1: role_table_grants


Input: [Name] privilege_type [Data Type] character_data [Description]

Output: Type of the privilege: SELECT, DELETE, INSERT, UPDATE, REFERENCES, RULE, or TRIGGER

PostgreSQL: Documentation: 8.1: role_table_grants


Input: [Name] is_grantable [Data Type] character_data [Description]

Output: YES if the privilege is grantable, NO if not

PostgreSQL: Documentation: 8.1: role_table_grants


Input: [Name] with_hierarchy [Data Type] character_data [Description]

Output: Applies to a feature not available in PostgreSQL

PostgreSQL: Documentation: 8.1: role_table_grants


Input: [Backup vs. Replication] Definition [Replication] Replication is the act of copying and then moving data between a company’s sites. It is typically measured in Recovery Time Objective (RTO) and Recovery Point Objective (RPO). [Backup]

Output: Backup involves making a copy or copies of data.

Backup vs Replication: Differences & Similarities


Input: [Backup vs. Replication] Requirements [Replication] Replication requires investment in another, identical, infrastructure, effectively doubling your IT costs. [Backup]

Output: Backup requires a tape library (usually VTL doing disk-to-disk backup) and some place to store archived tapes.

Backup vs Replication: Differences & Similarities


Input: [Backup vs. Replication] Purpose [Replication] Replication and recovery focus on business continuity – quick and easy resumption of operations after a disaster or corruption. Minimizing the recovery time objective (RTO) is key. [Backup]

Output: Backup focuses on compliance and granular recovery, such as recovering a single user’s emails from 5 years ago.

Backup vs Replication: Differences & Similarities


Input: [Backup vs. Replication] Uses [Replication] Replication is often used for mission-critical applications that must always be up and running. [Backup]

Output: Backup is typically used for everything in the enterprise, from critical production servers to desktops.

Backup vs Replication: Differences & Similarities


Input: [Backup vs. Replication] How it Works [Replication] Replication can be synchronous, asynchronous or near-synchronous and may use Continuous Data Protection (CDP) to enable users to access historic images. [Backup]

Output: Backup typically relies on snapshots which are copies of the data set taken at a pre-determined point in time.

Backup vs Replication: Differences & Similarities


Input: [Backup vs. Replication] Bottom Line [Replication] Focused on ensuring that business applications and processes are always available, even after a disaster. More expensive to set up and maintain. [Backup]

Output: Relatively inexpensive way to avoid data loss. Valuable for compliance. Does not ensure continuity of operations.

Backup vs Replication: Differences & Similarities


Input: [spatial terms in standard] network, area, size, distance, density, connection, representation, map, graph [The student is able to:]

Output: Produce and interpret maps and other graphic representations to solve geographic problems

Spatial concepts in U.S. science teaching standards | TeachSpatial

Theme I-The World in Spatial Terms


Input: [spatial terms in standard] region, area, boundary, environment, distribution, interaction, map, graph [The student is able to:]

Output: Use maps and other graphic representations to analyze world events and suggest solutions to world problems

Spatial concepts in U.S. science teaching standards | TeachSpatial

Theme I-The World in Spatial Terms


Input: [spatial terms in standard] explore, map [The student is able to:]

Output: Evaluate the application of geographic tools and supporting technology to serve particular purposes

Spatial concepts in U.S. science teaching standards | TeachSpatial

Theme I-The World in Spatial Terms


Input: [spatial terms in standard] location, diffusion, migration, pattern, spatial interaction, map [The student is able to:]

Output: Use maps drawn from memory to answer geographic questions

Spatial concepts in U.S. science teaching standards | TeachSpatial

Theme I-The World in Spatial Terms


Input: [spatial terms in standard] area, location, setting, site, migration, cognitive map [The student is able to:]

Output: Identify the ways in which mental maps influence human decisions about location, settlement, and public policy

Spatial concepts in U.S. science teaching standards | TeachSpatial

Theme I-The World in Spatial Terms


Input: [spatial terms in standard] area, center, space, transport, container, projection, cognitive map [The student is able to:]

Output: Compare the mental maps of individuals to identify common factors that affect the development of sptial understanding and preferences

Spatial concepts in U.S. science teaching standards | TeachSpatial

Theme I-The World in Spatial Terms


Input: [spatial terms in standard] network, area, place, structure, location, distance, movement, transport, route, proximity, pattern, spatial interaction, connection, access, distance decay [The student is able to:]

Output: Apply the concepts of spatial interaction (e.g. complementarity, intervening opportunity, distance decay, connections) to account for patterns of movement in space

Spatial concepts in U.S. science teaching standards | TeachSpatial

Theme I-The World in Spatial Terms


Input: [spatial terms in standard] region, area, place, neighborhood, size, gravity, spatial organization [The student is able to:]

Output: Use models of spatial organization to analyze relationships in and between places

Spatial concepts in U.S. science teaching standards | TeachSpatial

Theme I-The World in Spatial Terms


Input: [spatial terms in standard] space, location, distance, transport, migration, explore [The student is able to:]

Output: Explain how people perceive and use space

Spatial concepts in U.S. science teaching standards | TeachSpatial

Theme I-The World in Spatial Terms


Input: [spatial terms in standard] location, distance, dispersion, transport, proximity, spatial organization [The student is able to:]

Output: Apply concepts and models of spatial organization to make decisions

Spatial concepts in U.S. science teaching standards | TeachSpatial

Theme I-The World in Spatial Terms


Input: [Used for] 3 Stars Congestive Heart Failure 850 to 882 mg per day [Why]

Output: In a double-blind study of people with chronic heart failure, a combination of EPA and DHA for four years resulted in a small but statistically significant protection against death or hospitalization for cardiovascular reasons. In a double-blind study of patients with chronic heart failure, supplementation with the fatty acids present in fish oil for an average of four years resulted in a small but statistically significant decrease in the number of patients who died or were hospitalized for cardiovascular reasons. The treatment consisted of 850 to 882 mg per day of a mixture of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (as their ethyl esters).1 In another double-blind trial, supplementation with eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid improved heart function and decreased the number of hospitalizations in patients with heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy.2


Input: [Used for] 3 Stars High Triglycerides 3,000 mg daily omega-3 fatty acids [Why]

Output: Many double-blind trials have shown that fish oil containing EPA and DHA lowers triglycerides levels. Many double-blind trials have demonstrated that fish oils (also called fish-oil concentrates) containing EPA and DHA (mentioned above) lower TG levels.3 The amount of fish oil used in much of the research was an amount that provided 3,000 mg per day of omega-3 fatty acids. To calculate how much omega-3 fatty acid is contained in a fish oil supplement, add together the amounts of EPA and DHA. For example, a typical 1,000-mg capsule of fish oil provides 180 mg of EPA and 120 mg of DHA (total omega-3 fatty acids equals 300 mg). Ten of these capsules would contain 3,000 mg of omega-3 fatty acids. Other sources of omega-3 fatty acids, such as flaxseed oil , do not lower TGs. While flaxseed oil has other benefits, it should not be used for the purpose of reducing TGs. Cod liver oil , another source of omega-3 fatty acids, has also been found to lower TGs.4 Cod liver oil is less expensive than the fish oil concentrates discussed previously. However, cod liver oil also contains relatively large amounts of vitamin A and vitamin D ; too much of either can cause side effects. In contrast, fish oil concentrates have little or none of these vitamins. Individuals wishing to use cod liver oil as a substitute for a fish-oil concentrate should consult a doctor. Omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil and cod liver oil have been reported to affect blood in many other ways that might lower the risk of heart disease .5 However, these supplements sometimes increase LDL cholesterol —the bad form of cholesterol. A doctor can check to see if fish oil has this effect on an individual. Research shows that when 900 mg of garlic extract is added to fish oil, the combination still dramatically lowers TG levels but no longer increases LDL cholesterol.6 Therefore, it appears that taking garlic supplements may be a way to avoid the increase in LDL cholesterol sometimes associated with taking fish oil. People who take fish oil may also need to take vitamin E to prevent the oil from undergoing potentially damaging oxidation in the body.7 It is not known how much vitamin E is needed to prevent such oxidation. The amount required would presumably depend on the amount of fish oil used. In one clinical trial, 300 IU of vitamin E per day prevented oxidation damage in individuals taking 6 grams of fish oil per day.8


Input: [Used for] 3 Stars Hypertension 3 to 15 grams daily omega-3 fatty acids [Why]

Output: EPA and DHA, the omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oil, have been repeatedly shown to lower blood pressure. EPA and DHA , the omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oil , lower blood pressure, according to an analysis of 31 trials.9 The effect was dependent on the amount of omega-3 fatty acids used, with the best results occurring in trials using unsustainably high levels: 15 grams per day—the amount often found in 50 grams of fish oil. Although results with lower intakes were not as impressive, trials using over 3 grams per day of omega-3 (as typically found in ten 1,000 mg pills of fish oil) also reported significant reductions in blood pressure. One double-blind trial reported that DHA had greater effects on blood pressure than EPA or mixed fish oil supplements.10 DHA is now available as a supplement separate from EPA.


Input: [Used for] 3 Stars Lupus Up to 20 grams fish oil per day after consultation with a doctor [Why]

Output: Supplementing with fish oil may improve symptoms and decrease disease activity. The omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil —eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid ( DHA )—decrease inflammation. Supplementation with EPA and DHA has prevented autoimmune lupus in animal research.11 In a double-blind trial, 20 grams of fish oil daily combined with a low-fat diet led to improvement in 14 of 17 people with SLE in 12 weeks.12 Other studies also found that supplementing with 10 to 15 grams of fish oil per day,13 or with the amount of EPA and DHA provided by 10 grams per day of fish oil,14 is beneficial for people with SLE. People wishing to take such a large amount of fish oil should first consult with a doctor.


Input: [Used for] 3 Stars Rheumatoid Arthritis 3 grams daily of EPA plus DHA [Why]

Output: Fish oil has anti-inflammatory effect and may help reduce pain. Many trials have proven that omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil partially relieve symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. Many double-blind trials have proven that omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil , called EPA and DHA , partially relieve symptoms of RA.15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 The effect results from the anti-inflammatory activity of fish oil.22 Many doctors recommend 3 grams per day of EPA and DHA, an amount commonly found in 10 grams of fish oil. Positive results can take three months to become evident. In contrast, a double-blind trial found flaxseed oil (source of another form of omega-3 fatty acid) not to be effective for RA patients.23


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Angina Consult a doctor [Why]

Output: Fish oil has been shown to reduce chest pain and the need for nitroglycerin. Taking vitamin E with fish oil may protect the oil from undergoing potentially damaging oxidation in the body. Fish oil , which contains the fatty acids known as EPA and DHA , has been studied in the treatment of angina. In some studies, enough fish oil to provide a total of about 3 grams of EPA and 2 grams of DHA has reduced chest pain as well as the need for nitroglycerin;24 other investigators could not confirm these findings.25 People who take fish oil may also need to take vitamin E to protect the oil from undergoing potentially damaging oxidation in the body.26 It is not known how much vitamin E is needed to prevent such oxidation; the amount required would presumably depend on the amount of fish oil used. In one study, 300 IU of vitamin E per day prevented oxidation damage in individuals taking 6 grams of fish oil per day.27


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Anxiety 3 grams per day [Why]

Output: In a double-blind trial, fish oil was significantly more effective than a placebo in improving anxiety levels for substance abusers. In a double-blind trial, fish oil was significantly more effective than a placebo in improving anxiety levels in a group of substance abusers (alcohol, cocaine, and/or heroin).28 The fish oil used in this study provided 3 grams per day of omega-3 fatty acids and was given for three months.


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Asthma Consult a doctor [Why]

Output: Research shows that fish oil partially reduces reactions to allergens that can trigger asthma attacks. It has also been shown in one study to prevent exercise-induced asthma attacks. Double-blind research shows that fish oil partially reduces reactions to allergens that can trigger attacks in some asthmatics.29 Another double-blind study showed that fish oil supplements prevented exercise-induced asthma attacks in people with asthma.30 A few other researchers have reported small but significant improvements when asthmatics supplement with fish oil,31 , 32 but reviews of the research concluded that most fish oil studies showed little or no benefit.33 , 34 It is possible that some of these trials failed to show an improvement because they did not last long enough to demonstrate an effect. There is evidence that children who eat oily fish may have a much lower risk of getting asthma.35 Moreover, in a double-blind trial, children who received 300 mg per day of fish oil (providing 84 mg of EPA and 36 mg of DHA) experienced significant improvement of asthma symptoms.36 It should be noted that these benefits were obtained under circumstances in which exposure to food allergens and environmental allergens was strictly controlled. Though the evidence supporting the use of fish oil remains somewhat conflicting, eating more fish and supplementing with fish oil may still be worth considering, especially among children with asthma.


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Atherosclerosis 3 to 6 grams fish oil daily, containing at least 30% omega-3 fatty acids [Why]

Output: Fish oil may reduce risk factors for atherosclerosis and heart disease. One trial showed that people who took fish oil had a slowing of the progression of their arterial plaque and had a decrease in cardiovascular events such as heart attack and stroke. Supplementation with fish oil , rich in omega-3 fatty acids, has been associated with favorable changes in various risk factors for atherosclerosis and heart disease in some,37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 but not all, studies.43 , 44 , 45 A double-blind trial showed that people with atherosclerosis who took fish oil (6 grams per day for 3 months and then 3 grams a day for 21 months) had significant slowing of progression of atherosclerotic plaques and a decrease in cardiovascular events (for example, heart attack and stroke ) compared with those who did not take fish oil.46 These results contradict the findings of an earlier controlled trial in which fish oil supplementation for two years (6 grams per day) did not promote major favorable changes in the diameter of atherosclerotic coronary arteries.47


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Bipolar Disorder Daily omega-3 fatty acids: 9.6 grams for adults, 1,290 to 4,300 mg for children [Why]

Output: People with depression may have lower blood levels of omega-3s. Taking fish oil, in addition to prescribed medication, improved symptoms in one study. People diagnosed with depression may have lower blood levels of omega-3 fatty acids.48 , 49 A double-blind trial found that bipolar patients taking 9.6 grams of omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil per day in addition to their medications had significant improvements compared with those taking placebo.50 Similar benefits were reported in a preliminary trial that used 1.5 to 2 grams per day of pure eicosapentaenoic acid, a component of fish oil.51However, in another double-blind trial, 8 grams per day of fish oil taken for 4 months was of no benefit for patients with bipolar disorder.52In a preliminary trial, children with bipolar disorder saw benefits from omega-3 fatty acids (1,290 to 4,300 mg per day) from fish oil given for eight weeks.53


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Breast-Feeding Support Consult a qualified healthcare practitioner [Why]

Output: Studies have shown that higher breast milk concentrations of DHA (an omega-3 fatty acid present in fish oil) are associated with better visual acuity in infants. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid present in cod liver oil and other fish oils, is important for normal development of the brain and eyes. Studies have shown that higher concentrations of DHA in mothers’ milk are associated with better visual acuity in the infants.54 Other studies have suggested that DHA improves the development of infants, although not all research agrees.55 Because DHA in the mother’s diet passes into the breast milk,56 some doctors advise nursing mothers to supplement their diet with cod liver oil or another fish-oil supplement. Women wishing to use this or any supplement while breast-feeding should consult their doctors and use only under the supervision of a qualified healthcare practitioner.


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Cardiac Arrhythmia Do not take, or take only with a doctor's supervision, if there is a history of sustained ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation [Why]

Output: Fish oil has been shown to reduce the frequency of abnormal heartbeats in some trials. In a double-blind trial, people with a type of arrhythmia known as ventricular premature complexes were supplemented for 16 weeks with either 15 ml (1 tbsp) per day of fish oil or a similar amount of safflower oil as placebo. Patients taking the fish oil had a significantly reduced frequency of abnormal heartbeats compared with those receiving placebo, and 44% of those receiving fish oil experienced at least a 70% reduction in the frequency of abnormal beats.57 In a separate study, however, men given 20 ml (4 tsp) of cod liver oil per day for six weeks, beginning one week after a heart attack , had the same frequency of irregular heart beats as did men given no supplemental oil.58 In a double-blind study, people who had a history of certain potentially life-threatening arrhythmias—sustained ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation—had an increase in the recurrence rate of these arrhythmias when they took fish oil.59 A similar study found no adverse effect of fish oil supplements in people with these serious arrhythmias.60 Because of these conflicting findings, people with a history of either of these arrhythmias should consult a doctor before taking fish oil.


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Crohn’s Disease 2.7 grams daily omega-3 fatty acids in enteric-coated capsules [Why]

Output: Fish oil helps relieve the inflammation of the gut that occurs in people suffering from Crohn’s disease. Inflammation within the gut occurs in people suffering from Crohn’s disease. EPA and DHA , the omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oil , have anti-inflammatory activity. Though research is conflicting, there is some evidence that fish oil improves Crohn's disease symptoms. A two-year trial compared the effects of having people with Crohn’s disease eat 3.5 to 7 ounces of fish high in EPA and DHA per day or having them eat a diet low in fish.61 In that trial, the fish-eating group had a 20% relapse rate compared with 58% among those not eating fish. Salmon, herring, mackerel, albacore tuna, and sardines are all high in EPA and DHA. In a double-blind trial, people with Crohn’s disease who took supplements providing 2.7 g of EPA/DHA per day had a recurrence rate of 26% after one year, compared to a 59% recurrence rate among those taking placebo.62


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Cystic Fibrosis 2.7 grams of EPA daily [Why]

Output: The impaired fat digestion in people with cystic fibrosis often leads to a deficiency of essential fatty acids, which may lead to increased risk of respiratory infection. This deficiency may be reversed by fish oil supplementation. The impaired digestion of fats in people with CF often leads to a deficiency of essential fatty acids. This deficiency may in turn lead to lowered immune function , which makes people with CF more susceptible to respiratory infection.63 This deficiency may be reversed by supplementation with corn oil (1 gram per 2.2 pounds body weight per day),64safflower oil (1 gram per 2.2 pounds body weight per day),65 linoleic acid (7.7 grams per day),66 and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA from fish oil ) (2.7 grams per day).67 EPA supplementation was particularly effective. In a double-blind trial, six weeks of supplementation with 2.7 grams of EPA per day led to a reduction in sputum and improvement in lung function in children with chronic respiratory infection due to CF.68


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Depression 9.6 grams omega-3 fatty acids per day [Why]

Output: Depressed people have been reported to have low amounts of omega-3 fatty acids. Taking fish oil can replenish stores and stave off depression. Omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oil , particularly DHA , are needed for normal nervous system function. Depressed people have been reported to have lower omega-3 fatty acid levels (for example, DHA) than people who are not depressed.69 , 70 , 71 , 72 Low levels of the other omega-3 fatty acid from fish, EPA, have correlated with increased severity of depression.73 In some double-blind trials, supplementation with various amounts of fish oil was beneficial for the treatment of depression in both children and adults,74 , 75 but fish oil was ineffective in other double blind trials.76 , 77 EPA alone has also been reported to be beneficial. There is one case report of a man with a long history of severe depression who showed clear improvement within one month of starting a purified EPA supplement (4 grams per day of the ethyl ester of eicosapentaenoic acid [E-EPA]).78 In a double-blind study, supplementation with E-EPA for 12 weeks was significantly more effective than a placebo at relieving symptoms of depression.79 E-EPA was beneficial, even though the participants in the study had failed to respond adequately to conventional antidepressant drugs. The conventional medications were continued during treatment with E-EPA or placebo. An effective level of intake was 1 gram per day, whereas larger amounts of E-EPA resulted in little or no benefit. The authors of the study suggested that taking too much E-EPA might cause an imbalance with other essential fatty acids, which could reduce the effectiveness of the treatment.


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Dysmenorrhea Refer to label instructions [Why]

Output: A fish oil supplement containing EPA and DHA may help prevent menstrual syndromes. Diets low in omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA ) have been associated with menstrual pain.80 In one double-blind trial, supplementation with fish oil , a good source of omega-3 fatty acids, led to a statistically significant 37% drop in menstrual symptoms. In that report, adolescent girls with dysmenorrhea took an unspecified amount of fish oil that provided 1,080 mg of EPA and 720 mg of DHA per day for two months to achieve this result.81 A double-blind trial found that the same amount of EPA and DHA plus 7.5 mcg per day of vitamin B12 led to a greater than 50% decrease in menstrual symptoms, but a group taking only fish oil did not obtain as much relief.82 Six grams of fish oil per day provides the approximate levels of EPA and DHA used in these trials. In another double-blind trial, 1 gram per day of fish oil significantly decreased pain intensity, compared with a placebo, in women with dysmennorhea.[REF]


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Eczema Adults: 1,800 mg a day of EPA; children: proportionately less, according to body weight [Why]

Output: Supplementing with fish oil can supply anti-inflammatory fatty acids that are missing in many people with eczema. Ten grams of fish oil providing 1.8 grams of EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) per day were given to a group of eczema sufferers in a double-blind trial. After 12 weeks, those using the fish oil experienced significant improvement.83 , 84 According to the researchers, fish oil may be effective because it reduces levels of leukotriene B4, a substance that has been linked to eczema.85 The eczema-relieving effects of fish oil may require taking ten pills per day for at least 12 weeks. Smaller amounts of fish oil have been shown to lack efficacy.86 One trial using vegetable oil as the placebo reported that fish oil was barely more effective than the placebo (30% vs. 24% improvement).87 As vegetable oil had previously been reported to have potential therapeutic activity, the apparent negative outcome of this trial should not dissuade people with eczema from considering fish oil.


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Epilepsy 3.25 grams daily of omega-3 fatty acids [Why]

Output: In one study, supplementing with a mixture of omega-3 fatty acids (primarily EPA and DHA, found in fish oil) reduced the frequency of seizures in some epileptic patients. In a preliminary study, supplementation with 3.25 grams per day of a mixture of omega-3 fatty acids (primarily eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]) for six months markedly reduced the frequency of seizures in five severely retarded epileptic patients.88 Additional research is needed to confirm this report and to identify which people with epilepsy are most likely to benefit.


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Heart Attack 850 to, 1700 mg omega-3 fatty acids [Why]

Output: Supplementing with fish oil may reduce the chances of having another heart attack. Fish oil contains the beneficial omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA , which have led to partial reversal of atherosclerosis in a double-blind trial.89 In another double-blind trial, individuals were given either fish oil (containing about 1 gram of EPA and 2/3 gram of DHA) or mustard oil (containing about 3 grams alpha linolenic acid, another omega-3 fatty acid) 18 hours after a heart attack. Both groups experienced fewer nonfatal heart attacks compared to a placebo group, while the fish oil group also experienced fewer fatal heart attacks.90 The largest published study on omega-3 fatty acids for heart attack prevention was the preliminary GISSI Prevenzione Trial,91 which reported that 850 mg of omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil per day for 3.5 years resulted in a 20% reduction in total mortality and a 45% decrease in sudden death. Other investigators suggest that fish oil reduces the amount of heart muscle damage from a heart attack and enhances the effect of blood-thinning medication.92 People wishing to supplement with fish oil should take fish oil supplements that include at least small amounts of vitamin E , which may protect this fragile oil against free radical damage.93


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Immune Function and Critically Ill Patients Consult a qualified healthcare practitioner [Why]

Output: For critically ill and hospitalized patients, supplementing with fish oil appears to increase immune function. Research on the effect of the omega-3 fatty acids that are abundant in some fish, fish oils, and flaxseed oil is conflicting. Liquid diets containing omega-3 fatty acids used in hospitals for critically ill people have been shown to improve immune function and reduce infections.95 96 However, in one controlled study in healthy people, a low-fat diet improved or maintained immune function, but when fish was added to increase omega-3 fatty acid intake, immune function was significantly inhibited.97 Supplementation with DHA (an omega-3 fatty acid found in fish oil) in healthy young men has been shown to decrease the activity of immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells, and to inhibit certain measures of inflammation in the test tube.98 The anti-inflammatory effects of DHA may be useful in the management of autoimmune disorders; however, such benefits need to be balanced with the potential for increased risk of infections. Other studies suggest that increased oxidative damage might be the reason for the negative effects on the immune system sometimes caused by fish oil, and that increased intake of antioxidants, such as vitamin E, could correct the problem.99


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Intermittent Claudication (Alpha-Linolenic Acid, Folic Acid, Oleic Acid, Vitamin B6, Vitamin E) 200 mg of EPA and 130 mg of DHA daily, plus small amounts of vitamin B6, folic acid, vitamin E, oleic acid, and alpha-linolenic acid [Why]

Output: In one study, men with intermittent claudication who drank a milk product fortified with fish oil, vitamin B6, folic acid, vitamin E, oleic acid, and alpha-linolenic acid could walk further without pain than those who drank regular milk. Men with intermittent claudication consumed a fortified milk product or regular milk daily for one year. The fortified product provided daily 130 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid and 200 mg of docosahexaenoic acid (EPA and DHA, two fatty acids in fish oil ), small amounts of supplemental vitamin E , folic acid , and vitamin B6 , and additional amounts of oleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid. Compared with regular milk, the fortified milk product significantly increased the distance the participants could walk before the onset of pain .100


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Macular Degeneration (Acetyl-L-Carnitine, Coenzyme Q10) Follow label directions [Why]

Output: In one study, supplementing with a proprietary blend of acetyl-L-carnitine, fish oil, and coenzyme Q10 improved visual function in people with macular degeneration. In a double-blind study, supplementation with a proprietary blend of acetyl-L-carnitine , omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil , and coenzyme Q10 for 12 months resulted in an improvement in both visual function and in objective findings on eye examination (a decrease in the drusen-covered area on the retina).101


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Multiple Sclerosis 6 to 20 grams daily [Why]

Output: Several studies have shown fish oil to help reduce urinary incontinence, improve eyesight, and reduce relapse rate in people with relapsing-remitting MS. In one small trial, people with MS were given approximately 20 grams of fish oil in capsules per day.102 After one to four months, 42% of these people received slight but significant benefits, including reduced urinary incontinence and improved eyesight. However, a longer double-blind trial involving over 300 people with MS found that half this amount of fish oil given per day did not help.[REF] In another trial, combining fish oil supplementation (6 grams per day) with a low-fat diet (15% of total calories) appeared to reduce the relapse rate in people with the relapsing-remitting form of MS.103 However, a double-blind study found that supplementing with the omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil (1,350 mg of EPA and 850 mg of DHA per day) for two years had no effect on disease activity or relapse rate in people with relapsing-remitting MS.104 In a small preliminary trial, people with MS were given 20 grams of cod liver oil , as well as approximately 680 mg of magnesium and 1,100 mg of calcium per day in the form of dolomite tablets.105 After one year, the average number of MS attacks decreased significantly for each person. Unlike fish oil capsules, the cod liver oil in this trial contained not only eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), but 5,000 IU of vitamin D . Therefore, it is not known whether the vitamin D or fatty acids were responsible for the cod liver oil’s effects. (One preliminary study found that giving vitamin D-like drugs to animals with MS was helpful.)106 It is also possible that the magnesium and/or calcium given to these people reduced MS attacks. Magnesium107 and calcium108 levels have been reported to be lower in the nerve tissue of people with MS compared with healthy people.


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Osteoporosis (Evening Primrose Oil) 6 grams daily [Why]

Output: Fish oil combined with evening primrose oil (EPO) may improve calcium absorption and promote bone formation. A preliminary trial found that elderly women with osteoporosis who were given 4 grams of fish oil per day for four months had improved calcium absorption and evidence of new bone formation.109 Fish oil combined with evening primrose oil (EPO) may confer added benefits. In a controlled trial, women received 6 grams of a combination of EPO and fish oil, or a matching placebo, plus 600 mg of calcium per day for three years.110 The EPO/fish oil group experienced no spinal bone loss in the first 18 months and a significant 3.1% increase in spinal bone mineral density during the last 18 months.


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Phenylketonuria 125 mg of oil or 15 mg of docosahexaenoic acid per 2.2 lbs (1 kg) of body weight daily [Why]

Output: The PKU diet is low in fatty acids, some of which are essential for proper brain development. Supplementing with fish oil may improve the deficiency. The PKU diet is low in fatty acids, some of which are essential for proper brain development.111 In one controlled study of children with PKU who were deficient in fatty acids, supplementation with fish oil (but not with black currant seed oil) for six months improved the deficiency. The children received 500 mg of oil per 8.8 pounds of body weight each day for 6 months. The amount varied from 5–8 capsules (each containing 500 mg) per day for each child.112 In another study, fish oil supplementation (providing 15 mg of docosahexaenoic acid per 2.2 pounds of body weight per day) improved body coordination and fine motor skills in children with PKU.113


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Pre- and Post-Surgery Health 3.3 to 5 grams daily omega-3 fatty acids before and after surgery [Why]

Output: Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish oil, have anti-inflammatory properties and may improve recovery and prevent infection after surgery. Omega-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory properties,114 and animal studies suggest that supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids may improve recovery and prevent infection after surgery.115 , 116 A controlled human trial found that intravenous nutritional formulas containing omega-3 fatty acids given post-operatively lowered the production of inflammatory chemicals compared with standard nutritional formulas.117 Other human studies of omega-3 fatty acid-supplemented nutritional formulas used in surgery patients have included other supplemental nutrients as well and are discussed below.118


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Pregnancy and Postpartum Support 2.7 to 6.1 mg daily of omega-3 fatty acids (EPA plus DHA) [Why]

Output: Supplementing with fish oil (providing the omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA) significantly reduced recurrence of premature delivery, according to one analysis. Supplementation with fish oil (providing either 2.7 g or 6.1 g per day of the omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA ) significantly reduced recurrence of premature delivery, according to data culled from six clinical trials involving women with a high risk for such complications.119 Fish oil supplementation did not prevent premature delivery of twin pregnancies, nor did it have any preventive effect against intrauterine growth retardation or pregnancy-induced hypertension. Fish oils should be free of contaminants, such as mercury and organochlorine pesticides. Women who eat substantial amounts of certain types of seafood (e.g., swordfish, tuna) may be consuming contaminants that can increase the risk of brain and nervous system abnormalities in their offspring. Exposure to mercury and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) was found to be increased in relation to maternal intake of seafood. Higher exposure to these toxic contaminants has been linked to an increased risk of deficits in the developing brains and nervous systems of the children.120


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Pregnancy and Prenatal Growth Refer to label instructions [Why]

Output: The DHA found in fish oil is essential for the development of the visual system in infants. The DHA found in fish oil is essential for the development of the visual system in infants.121 In one double-blind study, 103 term infants were randomly assigned to receive either formula with no docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or arachidonic acid (ARA) or formula supplemented with DHA and ARA at concentrations similar to those found in human milk, starting when they were six days old. Visual maturation was assessed by measuring sweep visual evoked potential at ages 6, 17, 26, and 52 weeks. At each age, the supplemented group measured better, which led researchers to conclude that long-term supplementation of infant formula with DHA and ARA in amounts typical in human milk may help enhance visual development during the first year of life.


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Psoriasis Take orally 10 grams daily oil or 3.6 grams daily EPA, or apply a 10% topical solution twice per day [Why]

Output: Fish oil has been found to reduce the severity of psoriasis and improve skin lesions. It also may help prevent increased triglyceride levels that result from certain psoriasis drugs. In a double-blind trial, fish oil (10 grams per day) was found to improve the skin lesions of psoriasis.122 In another trial, supplementing with 3.6 grams per day of purified eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, one of the fatty acids found in fish oil) reduced the severity of psoriasis after two to three months.123 , 124 That amount of EPA is usually contained in 20 grams of fish oil, a level that generally requires 20 pills to achieve. However, when purified EPA was used in combination with purified docosahexaenoic acid ( DHA , another fatty acid contained in fish oil), no improvement was observed.125 Additional research is needed to determine whether fish oil itself or some of its components are more effective for people with psoriasis. One trial showed that applying a preparation containing 10% fish oil directly to psoriatic lesions twice daily resulted in improvement after seven weeks.126 In addition, promising results were reported from a double-blind trial in which people with chronic plaque-type psoriasis received 4.2 g of EPA and 4.2 g of DHA or placebo intravenously each day for two weeks. Thirty-seven percent of those receiving the essential fatty acid infusions experienced greater than 50% reduction in the severity of their symptoms.127 Supplementing with fish oil also may help prevent the increase in blood levels of triglycerides that occurs as a side effect of certain drugs used to treat psoriasis (e.g., etretinate and acitretin).128


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Raynaud’s Disease 4 grams of EPA per day [Why]

Output: Supplementing with fish oil may reduce the severity of blood-vessel spasm. In a double-blind trial, supplementation with 12 large capsules of fish oil per day (providing 4 grams of eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] per day) for 6 or 12 weeks reduced the severity of blood-vessel spasm in 5 of 11 people with Raynaud’s phenomenon.129 Fish oil was effective in people with primary Raynaud’s disease, but not in those whose symptoms were secondary to another disorder.


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Schizophrenia 2,000 to 3,000 mg daily of EPA [Why]

Output: Omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids appear to be deficient or improperly used in people with schizophrenia. Supplementing with fish oil may correct an imbalance and improve symptoms. There are two different classes of essential fatty acids: omega-6 fatty acids and omega-3 fatty acids . There is considerable evidence these fatty acids are deficient, or are not used properly, in people with schizophrenia.130 , 131 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 Some investigators suggest this altered fatty acid metabolism may be involved in the increased need for niacin seen in some schizophrenic patients.136 A case has been reported in which a man with schizophrenia had dramatic and sustained improvement while being supplemented with 2 grams daily of omega-3 fatty acids.137 In a preliminary trial, schizophrenic patients receiving omega-3 fatty acids showed improvement in symptoms, as well as a reduction in adverse effects from their anti-psychotic medications.138 Another study found that people with schizophrenia had lower blood levels of both omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, compared with non-schizophrenic people, even though both groups were consuming similar amounts of these fatty acids.139 In a separate preliminary study, higher intake of omega-3 fatty acids was associated with less severe disease, and supplementation with 10 grams of concentrated fish oil , a source of omega-3 fatty acids, led to significant improvement in symptoms over a six-week period.140 In addition, a double-blind trial found that supplementing with 1.2 g per day of omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil prevented the development of psychosis in adolescents and young adults who were at very high risk of developing a psychotic disorder.141 In a double-blind trial that included 87 patients with chronic schizophrenia or a related illness (schizoaffective disorder), supplementation with 3 grams per day of eicosapentaenoic acid (one of the omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oil) was ineffective.142 The patients in this negative study were older and had been ill for longer, compared with patients in earlier studies who improved with omega-3 fatty acid supplementation. Several clinical trials have examined the effects of supplementation with essential fatty acids in people with schizophrenia, with inconsistent results.143 , 144 , 145 , 146 While the results of trials using omega-3 fatty acids are promising, further double-blind trials are needed to establish whether fatty acid supplementation is an effective therapy for schizophrenia. Trials of omega-6 fatty acids (like GLA from borage oil) have yielded predominantly negative results.147


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Sickle Cell Anemia 250 mg of oil per 2.2 lbs (1 kg) of body weight daily [Why]

Output: Supplementing with fish oil appears to reduce the frequency of severe pain episodes. In a preliminary trial, 13 patients with sickle cell anemia were given two supplement combinations for seven to eight months each. The first combination included 109 mg zinc , 153 IU vitamin E , 600 mg vitamin C , and 400 ml (about 14 ounces) of soybean oil containing 11 grams of linoleic acid and 1.5 grams of alpha linolenic acid. The second combination included 140 IU vitamin E, 600 mg vitamin C, and 20 grams of fish oil containing 6 grams of omega-3 fatty acids. Reduction in diseased cells was observed only during the administration of the first protocol. The authors concluded that zinc was the important difference between the two combinations and may be a protector of red blood cell membranes.148 Fish oil alone has also been studied. In a double-blind trial, supplementation with menhaden oil, in the amount of 250 mg per 2.2 pounds of body weight per day for one year, reduced the frequency of severe pain episodes by approximately 45%, compared with placebo.149 This treatment may work by correcting an imbalance between omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids that occurs in people with sickle cell anemia.150 The beneficial effect of the omega-3 fatty acids present in fish oil was confirmed in another double-blind study.151


Input: [Used for] 2 Stars Tooth Decay 3 tsp per day of cod liver oil [Why]

Output: One trial showed that children given cod liver oil for an entire school year had over 50% fewer new cavities. One older controlled trial found that children given 3 teaspoons of cod liver oil per day (containing roughly 800 IU of vitamin D ) for an entire school year had over 50% fewer new cavities.152 These promising results have not been followed up with modern placebo-controlled trials.