id stringlengths 1 3 | images sequencelengths 1 1 | conversations listlengths 2 2 |
|---|---|---|
1 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/1.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe above mass spectra is for the hypochlorite ion, ClO$^-$. Oxygen has only one stable isotope, which has a mass of 16 amu. How many neutrons does the most common isotope of chlorine have? (Final Answer is a value)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "18"
}
] |
2 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/1.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe above mass spectra is for the hypochlorite ion, ClO$^-$. Oxygen has only one stable isotope, which has a mass of 16 amu. Using the spectra, calculate the average mass of a hypochlorite ion. (Final Answer is a value)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "51.5"
... |
3 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/1.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe above mass spectra is for the hypochlorite ion, ClO$^-$. Oxygen has only one stable isotope, which has a mass of 16 amu. Does the negative charge on the ion affect the spectra? (Yes or No) (Final Answer is a value)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "No"
}... |
4 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/2.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe above PES belongs to a neutral chlorine atom. What wavelength of light would be required to eject a 3s electron from chlorine? (Final Answer is a value)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "4.9e-8"
}
] |
5 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/3.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe photoelectron spectrum of an element is given below: Identify the element this spectra most likely belongs to and write out its full electron configuration. (Answer is a hybridization)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "$1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^4"
}
] |
6 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/4.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe acetyl ion has a formula of C$_2$H$_3$O$^-$ and two possible Lewis electron-dot diagram representations: Using formal charge, determine which (left or right) structure is the most likely correct structure. (Answer is a single word)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"... |
7 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/4.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe acetyl ion has a formula of C$_2$H$_3$O$^-$ and two possible Lewis electron-dot diagram representations: What is the hybridization around the atom? (Answer is a hybridization)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "$sp^2$"
}
] |
8 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/5.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe graph above shows the changes in pressure with changing temperature of gas samples of helium and argon confined in a closed 2-liter vessel. What is the total pressure of the two gases in the container at a temperature of 200 K? (Final Answer is a value)"
},
{
... |
9 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/5.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe graph above shows the changes in pressure with changing temperature of gas samples of helium and argon confined in a closed 2-liter vessel. How many moles of helium are contained in the vessel? (Final Answer is a value)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "0.... |
10 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/5.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe graph above shows the changes in pressure with changing temperature of gas samples of helium and argon confined in a closed 2-liter vessel. How many molecules of helium are contained in the vessel? (Final Answer is a value)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value":... |
11 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/5.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe graph above shows the changes in pressure with changing temperature of gas samples of helium and argon confined in a closed 2-liter vessel. If the volume of the container were reduced to 1 liter at a constant temperature of 300 K, what would be the new pressure of t... |
12 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/6.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nA student performs an experiment in which a butane lighter is held underwater directly beneath a 100-mL graduated cylinder which has been filled with water as shown in the diagram below. The switch on the lighter is pressed, and butane gas is released into the graduated... |
13 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/6.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nA student performs an experiment in which a butane lighter is held underwater directly beneath a 100-mL graduated cylinder which has been filled with water as shown in the diagram below. The switch on the lighter is pressed, and butane gas is released into the graduated... |
14 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/6.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nA student performs an experiment in which a butane lighter is held underwater directly beneath a 100-mL graduated cylinder which has been filled with water as shown in the diagram below. The switch on the lighter is pressed, and butane gas is released into the graduated... |
15 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/7.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nA student performs an experiment in which a bar of unknown metal M is placed in a solution with the formula MNO$_3$. The metal is then hooked up to a copper bar in a solution of CuSO$_4$ as shown below. A salt bridge that contains aqueous KCl links the cell together. Th... |
16 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/8.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\n2NO(g) + Br$_2$(g) โ 2NOBr(g) The following results in the figure were obtained in experiments designed to study the rate of the reaction above: Calculate the value of the rate constant, k, for the reaction. (Final Answer is a value)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"v... |
17 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/9.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe decomposition of phosphine occurs via the pathway below: 4PH$_3$(g) โ P$_4$(g) + 6H$_2$(g) A scientist observing this reaction at 250 K plots the following data: If the rate of disappearance of PH$)3$ is 2.5 ร 10$^{-3}$ M/s at t = 20 s: What is the rate of appearanc... |
18 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/10.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe boiling points of three different compounds are listed below, along with their formulas. What is the hybridization around atom $C_2$ in the acetaldehyde molecule? (Answer is a hybridization)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "$sp^2$"
}
] |
19 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/11.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nA galvanic cell is set up according to the following diagram. Calculate $E^{\\circ}_{cell}$ (V). (Final Answer is a value)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "0.94"
}
] |
20 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/11.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nA galvanic cell is set up according to the following diagram. The beaker of Sn(NO$_3$)$_2$ is disconnected from the cell, and the tin electrode is then connected to an outside source of current. Over the course of 10.0 minutes, 1.65 g of tin plates out onto the electrod... |
21 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/12.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\n0.10 mol of solid gallium initially at room temperature is heated at a constant rate, and its temperature is tracked, leading to the above graph. Calculate the specific heat capacity of solid gallium in J g$^{-1}$ ยฐC$^{-1}$. (Final Answer is a value)"
},
{
"fro... |
22 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/12.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\n0.10 mol of solid gallium initially at room temperature is heated at a constant rate, and its temperature is tracked, leading to the above graph. The gallium continues to be heated until it fully boils. Assume ideal behavior for the gallium gas. The reaction described i... |
23 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/12.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\n0.10 mol of solid gallium initially at room temperature is heated at a constant rate, and its temperature is tracked, leading to the above graph. The gallium continues to be heated until it fully boils. Assume ideal behavior for the gallium gas. The reaction described i... |
24 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/13.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\n5.00 g of PbCl$_2$ is added to 300 mL of water in a 400 mL beaker, which is then heated for 10 minutes. At the end of the heating period, some solid PbCl$_2$ is still present at the bottom of the beaker, and the solution is cooled to room temperature before being left o... |
25 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/13.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\n5.00 g of PbCl$_2$ is added to 300 mL of water in a 400 mL beaker, which is then heated for 10 minutes. At the end of the heating period, some solid PbCl$_2$ is still present at the bottom of the beaker, and the solution is cooled to room temperature before being left o... |
26 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/13.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\n5.00 g of PbCl$_2$ is added to 300 mL of water in a 400 mL beaker, which is then heated for 10 minutes. At the end of the heating period, some solid PbCl$_2$ is still present at the bottom of the beaker, and the solution is cooled to room temperature before being left o... |
27 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/14.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nA sample of liquid butane (C$_4$H$_{10}$) in a pressurized lighter is set up directly beneath an aluminum can, as show in the diagram above. The can contains 100.0 mL of water, and when the butane is ignited, the temperature of the water inside the can increases from 25... |
28 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/14.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nA sample of liquid butane (C$_4$H$_{10}$) in a pressurized lighter is set up directly beneath an aluminum can, as show in the diagram above. The can contains 100.0 mL of water, and when the butane is ignited, the temperature of the water inside the can increases from 25... |
29 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/14.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nA sample of liquid butane (C$_4$H$_{10}$) in a pressurized lighter is set up directly beneath an aluminum can, as show in the diagram above. The can contains 100.0 mL of water, and when the butane is ignited, the temperature of the water inside the can increases from 25... |
30 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/15.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nCurrent is run through an aqueous solution of nickel (II) fluoride, and a gas is evolved at the right-hand electrode, as indicated by the diagram below. The standard reduction potential for several reactions is given as follows: For the half-cell reaction of fluorine ga... |
31 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/15.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nCurrent is run through an aqueous solution of nickel (II) fluoride, and a gas is evolved at the right-hand electrode, as indicated by the diagram below. The standard reduction potential for several reactions is given as follows: For the half-cell reaction of fluorine ga... |
32 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/16.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe standard free energy change, ฮGยฐ, for the reaction above is โ801 kJ/mol$_{rxn}$ at 298 K. Use the figure of bond dissociation energies to find ฮHยฐ for the reaction in the figure. (Final Answer is a value)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "-800"
}
] |
33 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/16.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe standard free energy change, ฮGยฐ, for the reaction above is โ801 kJ/mol$_{rxn}$ at 298 K. How many grams of methane must react with excess oxygen in order to release 1500 kJ of heat? (Final Answer is a value)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "30"
}
] |
34 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/16.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe standard free energy change, ฮGยฐ, for the reaction above is โ801 kJ/mol$_{rxn}$ at 298 K. What is the value of ฮSยฐ (in J/K) for the reaction at 298 K? (Final Answer is a value)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "3"
}
] |
35 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/17.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nFor the boiling of methanol, CH$_3$OH, โHยฐ = +37.6 kJ/mol and โSยฐ = +111 J/mol โข K. What is the boiling point of methanol in degrees Celsius? (Final Answer is a value)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "65.9"
}
] |
36 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/17.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nFor the boiling of methanol, CH$_3$OH, โHยฐ = +37.6 kJ/mol and โSยฐ = +111 J/mol โข K. How much heat is required to boil 50.0 mL of ethanol if the density of ethanol is 0.789 g/mL? (Final Answer is a value)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "46.2"
}
] |
37 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/18.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nAmmonia gas reacts with dinitrogen monoxide via the following reaction: 2NH$_3$ (g) + 3N$_2$O(g) โ 4N$_2$ (g) + 3H$_2$O(g) The absolute entropy values for the varying substances are listed in the figure. Calculate the entropy value for the overall reaction. Several bond... |
38 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/18.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nAmmonia gas reacts with dinitrogen monoxide via the following reaction: 2NH$_3$ (g) + 3N$_2$O(g) โ 4N$_2$ (g) + 3H$_2$O(g) The absolute entropy values for the varying substances are listed in the figure. Calculate the entropy value for the overall reaction. Several bond... |
39 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/18.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nAmmonia gas reacts with dinitrogen monoxide via the following reaction: 2NH$_3$ (g) + 3N$_2$O(g) โ 4N$_2$ (g) + 3H$_2$O(g) The absolute entropy values for the varying substances are listed in the figure. Calculate the entropy value for the overall reaction. Several bond... |
40 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/19.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nA student designs an experiment to determine the specific heat of aluminum. The student heats a piece of aluminum with a mass of 5.86 g to various temperatures, then drops it into a calorimeter containing 25.0 mL of water. The following data in the figure is gathered du... |
41 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/19.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nA student designs an experiment to determine the specific heat of aluminum. The student heats a piece of aluminum with a mass of 5.86 g to various temperatures, then drops it into a calorimeter containing 25.0 mL of water. The following data in the figure is gathered du... |
42 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/19.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nA student designs an experiment to determine the specific heat of aluminum. The student heats a piece of aluminum with a mass of 5.86 g to various temperatures, then drops it into a calorimeter containing 25.0 mL of water. The following data in the figure is gathered du... |
43 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/19.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nA student designs an experiment to determine the specific heat of aluminum. The student heats a piece of aluminum with a mass of 5.86 g to various temperatures, then drops it into a calorimeter containing 25.0 mL of water. The following data in the figure is gathered du... |
44 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/20.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nA student tests the conductivity of three different acid samples, each with a concentration of 0.10 M and a volume of 20.0 mL. The conductivity was recorded in microsiemens per centimeter in the figure. The HCl solution is then titrated with a 0.150 M solution of the we... |
45 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/21.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nTwo electrodes are inserted into a solution of nickel (II) fluoride and a current of 2.20 A is run through them. A list of standard reduction potentials is in the figure. How long (in seconds) would it take to create 1.2 g of Ni(s) at the cathode? (Final Answer is a va... |
46 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/22.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nA + 2B โ 2C. The following results in the figure were obtained in experiments designed to study the rate of the reaction above. Calculate the value of the rate constant, k, for the reaction (in the unit of M$^{โ1}$sec$^{โ1}). (Final Answer is a value)"
},
{
"f... |
47 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/22.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nA + 2B โ 2C. The following results in the figure were obtained in experiments designed to study the rate of the reaction above. If another experiment is attempted with [A] and [B], both 0.02-molar, what would be the initial rate (in M/sec) of disappearance of A? (Final... |
48 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/23.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\n2N$_2$O$_5$ (g) โ 4NO$_2$ (g) + O$_2$ (g) The data in the figure below was gathered for the decomposition of N$_2$O$_5$ at 310 K via the equation above. What is the rate of appearance of NO$_2$ compare to the rate of disappearance of N$_2$O$_5$ ? (Final Answer is a va... |
49 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/23.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\n2N$_2$O$_5$ (g) โ 4NO$_2$ (g) + O$_2$ (g) The data in the figure below was gathered for the decomposition of N$_2$O$_5$ at 310 K via the equation above. What is the rate constant for this reaction in the unit of $s^{-1}$? (Final Answer is a value)"
},
{
"from"... |
50 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Free_Response/Chemistry_Free_Response/23.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\n2N$_2$O$_5$ (g) โ 4NO$_2$ (g) + O$_2$ (g) The data in the figure below was gathered for the decomposition of N$_2$O$_5$ at 310 K via the equation above. What would the concentration of N$_2$O$_5$ in the unit of M be at t = 1500 s? (Final Answer is a value)"
},
{
... |
1 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/1.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nBased on the strength of the intermolecular forces in each substance, estimate from greatest to smallest the vapor pressures of each substance in liquid state at the same temperature.\n\nA. propane > ethanal > ethene > methanol\nB. ethene > propane > ethanal > methanol\... |
2 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/2.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nWhen in liquid state, which two substances are most likely to be miscible with water?\n\nA. propane and ethene\nB. methanol and propane\nC. ethene and ethanal\nD. methanol and ethanal"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "D"
}
] |
3 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/3.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nBetween propane and ethene, which will likely have the higher boiling point and why?\n\nA. propane, because it has a greater molar mass\nB. propane, because it has a more polarizable electron cloud\nC. ethene, because of the double bond\nD. ethene, because it is smaller... |
4 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/4.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe graph below shows the amount of potential energy between two hydrogen atoms as the distance between them changes. At which point in the graph would a molecule of $H_2$ be the most stable?\n\nA. Point A\nB. Point B\nC. Point C\nD. Point D"
},
{
"from": "gpt",... |
5 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/5.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nTwo alloys are shown in the diagrams belowโbronze, and steel. Which of the following correctly describes the malleability of both alloys compared to their primary metals?\n\nA. Bronze's malleability would be comparable to that of copper, but steel's malleability would b... |
6 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/6.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe following diagram shows the relative atomic sizes of three different elements from the same period. Which of the following statements must be true?\n\nA. The effective nuclear charge would be the greatest in element X.\nB. The first ionization energy will be greates... |
7 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/7.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nTwo half-cells are set up as follows:\n\nHalf-Cell A: Strip of Cu(s) in $CuNO_3(aq)$\n\nHalf-Cell B: Strip of Zn(s) in $Zn(NO_3)_2(aq)$\n\nWhen the cells are connected according to the following diagram, the following reaction occurs. Correctly identify the anode and ca... |
8 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/8.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nTwo half-cells are set up as follows:\n\nHalf-Cell A: Strip of Cu(s) in $CuNO_3(aq)$\n\nHalf-Cell B: Strip of Zn(s) in $Zn(NO_3)_2(aq)$\n\nWhen the cells are connected according to the following diagram, the following reaction occurs. How many moles of electrons must be... |
9 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/9.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nTwo half-cells are set up as follows:\n\nHalf-Cell A: Strip of Cu(s) in $CuNO_3(aq)$\n\nHalf-Cell B: Strip of Zn(s) in $Zn(NO_3)_2(aq)$\n\nWhen the cells are connected according to the following diagram, the following reaction occurs. If the $Cu^+ + e^- โ Cu(s)$ half re... |
10 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/10.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nTwo half-cells are set up as follows:\n\nHalf-Cell A: Strip of Cu(s) in $CuNO_3(aq)$\n\nHalf-Cell B: Strip of Zn(s) in $Zn(NO_3)_2(aq)$\n\nWhen the cells are connected according to the following diagram, the following reaction occurs. As the reaction progresses, what wi... |
11 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/11.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nTwo half-cells are set up as follows:\n\nHalf-Cell A: Strip of Cu(s) in $CuNO_3(aq)$\n\nHalf-Cell B: Strip of Zn(s) in $Zn(NO_3)_2(aq)$\n\nWhen the cells are connected according to the following diagram, the following reaction occurs. What will happen in the salt bridge... |
12 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/12.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nA solution of carbonic acid, $H_2CO_3$, is titrated with sodium hydroxide, NaOH. The following graph is produced. In addition to $OH^-$, what species are present in the solution during section III of the graph?\n\nA. $H_2CO_3$, $HCO_3^-$, and $CO_3^{2-}$\nB. $H_2CO_3$ a... |
13 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/13.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nA solution of carbonic acid, H2CO3, is titrated with sodium hydroxide, NaOH. The following graph is produced. What is the magnitude of the first dissociation constant?\n\nA. 10e-2\nB. 10e-4\nC. 10e-6\nD. 10e-8"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "C"
}
] |
14 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/14.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nA solution of carbonic acid, H2CO3, is titrated with sodium hydroxide, NaOH. The following graph is produced. If the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is increased prior to repeating the titration, what effect, if any, would that have on the graph?\n\nA. The graph w... |
15 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/15.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nTwo solutions of potassium carbonate and sodium chloride are mixed together, and the particulate representation below shows what is present after the reaction has gone to completion. Which of the two original solutions is the limiting reagent and why?\n\nA. The potassiu... |
16 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/16.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\n The structure of two oxoacids is shown below. Which would be a stronger acid, and why?\n\nA. HOCl, because the HโO bond is weaker than in HOF as chlorine is larger than fluorine\nB. HOCl, because the HโO bond is stronger than in HOF as chlorine has a higher electronega... |
17 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/17.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe following diagrams show the Lewis structures of four different molecules. Which molecule would travel the farthest in a paper chromatography experiment using a polar solvent?\n\nA. Methanol\nB. Pentane\nC. Acetone\nD. Ether"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": ... |
18 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/18.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nFour different acids are added to beakers of water, and the following diagrams represent the species present in each solution at equilibrium. Which acid has the highest pH?\n\nA. Acid 1\nB. Acid 2\nC. Acid 3\nD. Acid 4"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "C"
}
] |
19 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/19.png"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nLewis diagrams for the nitrate and nitrite ions are shown below. Choose the statement that correctly describes the relationship between the two ions in terms of bond length and bond energy.\n\nA. Nitrite has longer and stronger bonds than nitrate.\nB. Nitrite has longer... |
20 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/20.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\n$NO_2$ gas is placed in a sealed, evacuated container and allowed to decompose via the following equation:\n\n$2NO_2(g) โ 2NO(g) + O_2(g)$\n\nThe graph below indicates the change in concentration for each species over time. What is happening to the rate of the forward r... |
21 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/21.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\n$NO_2$ gas is placed in a sealed, evacuated container and allowed to decompose via the following equation:\n\n$2NO_2(g) โ 2NO(g) + O_2(g)$\n\nThe graph below indicates the change in concentration for each species over time. As the reaction progresses, what happens to th... |
22 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/22.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\n$NO_2$ gas is placed in a sealed, evacuated container and allowed to decompose via the following equation:\n\n$2NO_2(g) โ 2NO(g) + O_2(g)$\n\nThe graph below indicates the change in concentration for each species over time. What would happen to the slope of the $NO_2$ l... |
23 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/23.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\n$NO_2$ gas is placed in a sealed, evacuated container and allowed to decompose via the following equation:\n\n$2NO_2(g) โ 2NO(g) + O_2(g)$\n\nThe graph below indicates the change in concentration for each species over time. Using the graph, how could you determine the i... |
24 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/24.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe reaction shown in the following diagram is accompanied by a large increase in temperature. If all molecules shown are in their gaseous state, which statement accurately describes the reaction?\n\nA. It is an exothermic reaction in which entropy increases.\nB. It is ... |
25 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/25.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe contents in the three containers on the left in the diagram above are transferred to the container on the right. The volumes of the original containers are exactly the values indicated. The pressure in the first three containers is 1.0 atm. What is the pressure in t... |
26 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/26.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe diagram above shows the structure of molecules of CS2 and COS. The boiling point of COS is 223 K, and the boiling point of CS2 is 319 K. Which of the following is the best explanation of why the boiling point of CS2 is higher?\n\nA. The molar mass of CS2 is greater.... |
27 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/27.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nWhich of the following best explains why the boiling point of 2-propanol is lower than the other two compounds in the diagram and table above?\n\nA. Larger molecules get tangled and cannot escape each other.\nB. It has weaker hydrogen bonds.\nC. It is the lightest of th... |
28 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/27.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nThe Dumas method is a procedure for determining the molar mass of a gas. In this procedure the mass of a gas is divided by the moles of gas determined from the ideal gas equation (n = PV/RT). The molar masses of some compounds, such as acetic acid, illustrated above, sh... |
29 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/28.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nWhich of the labeled arrows in the diagram above represents the strongest intermolecular force?\n\nA. A\nB. B\nC. C\nD. D"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "B"
}
] |
30 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/29.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\npH versus volume of titrant added\nThe diagram above represents the idealized titration curve for the reaction of pure sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, with a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid, HCl. E and F represent the pH at the endpoints corresponding to the formation o... |
31 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/30.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\npH versus volume of titrant added\nThe diagram above represents the idealized titration curve for the reaction of pure sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, with a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid, HCl. E and F represent the pH at the endpoints corresponding to the formation o... |
32 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/31.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\npH versus volume of titrant added\nThe diagram above represents the idealized titration curve for the reaction of pure sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, with a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid, HCl. E and F represent the pH at the endpoints corresponding to the formation o... |
33 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/32.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\npH versus volume of titrant added\nThe diagram above represents the idealized titration curve for the reaction of pure sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, with a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid, HCl. E and F represent the pH at the endpoints corresponding to the formation o... |
34 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/33.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\npH versus volume of titrant added\nThe diagram above represents the idealized titration curve for the reaction of pure sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, with a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid, HCl. E and F represent the pH at the endpoints corresponding to the formation o... |
35 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/34.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nWhat is the reason that the lightest member of Group 15 does not follow the trend of the other members, which show that the boiling point decreases with decreasing atomic mass of the Group 15 element?\nThe graph shows the variation of boiling point with Group number for... |
36 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/35.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nA dimer consists of two closely associated molecules. In the gas phase, acetic acid tends to form dimers as illustrated on the left in the above diagram. Acetyl chloride, on the right in the above diagram, is not very efficient in forming dimers. Why is acetic acid bett... |
37 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/36.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nTwo compounds with the formula C2H2Cl2 appear in the above diagram. These two compounds are isomers. The molecules are planar and have the approximate structures shown in the diagram. The boiling point of trans-1, 2-dichloroethene is 47.5ยฐC and the boiling point of cis-... |
38 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/37.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nUse the following information on the bases in the following diagram to answer questions.\nhttps://img.crackap.com/ap/chemistry/a5/Image00543.jpg\n\nAmmonia is only present as a reference. Questions only refer to the other three bases.\nhttps://img.crackap.com/ap/chemist... |
39 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/37.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nUse the following information on the bases in the following diagram to answer questions.\nhttps://img.crackap.com/ap/chemistry/a5/Image00543.jpg\n\nAmmonia is only present as a reference. Questions only refer to the other three bases.\nhttps://img.crackap.com/ap/chemist... |
40 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/37.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nWhich of the compounds in the above diagram is capable of participating in hydrogen bonding?\n\nA. $C_3H_9N$\nB. $CH_3F$\nC. $C_2H_6O$\nD. $C_4H_11$"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "D"
}
] |
41 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/38.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nAmmonia is the best-known nitrogen-hydrogen compound; however, there are a number of other nitrogen-hydrogen compounds, three of which are in the above diagram. Which of these has the longest average N-N bond length?\n\nA. $N_2H_2$\nB. $N_3H_3$\nC. $N_4H_4$\nD. They are... |
42 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/39.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nUse the information on the acids in the following diagram to answer questions.\n\nSample solutions of each of the three acids were titrated with 0.10 M sodium hydroxide, NaOH. Each of the acid solutions had a concentration of 0.10 M. Which of the acid titrations had the... |
43 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/40.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nUse the information on the acids in the following diagram to answer questions.\n\nA student prepares three buffer solutions. Each solution is 1.0 M in one of the acids in the table and 1.0 M in its corresponding sodium salt. Which of the solutions has the greatest buffe... |
44 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/41.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nCyclopropane, pictured above, is a relatively unstable compound. As seen in the diagram, the carbon atoms form the corners of an equilateral triangle and each carbon atom has two hydrogen atoms attached to complete an octet of electrons around the carbon atoms. Based up... |
45 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/42.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nRefer to the following information.\n\n$N_2O_4(g)\\rightleftarrows 2NO_2(g)$\n\n$N_2O_4(g)$ decomposes into $NO_2(g)$ according to the equation above. A pure sample of $N_2O_4(g)$ is placed into a rigid, evacuated, 0.500 L container. The initial pressure of the $N_2O_4(... |
46 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/43.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nRefer to the following information.\n\n$N_2O_4(g)\\rightleftarrows 2NO_2(g)$\n\n$N_2O_4(g)$ decomposes into $NO_2(g)$ according to the equation above. A pure sample of $N_2O_4(g)$ is placed into a rigid, evacuated, 0.500 L container. The initial pressure of the $N_2O_4(... |
47 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/44.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nRefer to the following information.\n\n$N_2O_4(g)\\rightleftarrows 2NO_2(g)$\n\n$N_2O_4(g)$ decomposes into $NO_2(g)$ according to the equation above. A pure sample of $N_2O_4(g)$ is placed into a rigid, evacuated, 0.500 L container. The initial pressure of the $N_2O_4(... |
48 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/45.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nRefer to the following information.\n\n$N_2O_4(g)\\rightleftarrows 2NO_2(g)$\n\n$N_2O_4(g)$ decomposes into $NO_2(g)$ according to the equation above. A pure sample of $N_2O_4(g)$ is placed into a rigid, evacuated, 0.500 L container. The initial pressure of the $N_2O_4(... |
49 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/46.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nRefer to the following information.\n\nThis formation equation for the reaction synthesizing RbBr(s) can be separated into a series of steps. Which of the steps in the table above are endothermic?\r\n\r\nA. ฮHยฐ(1) and ฮHยฐ(2) only\r\nB. ฮHยฐ(1), ฮHยฐ(2), and ฮHยฐ(3) only\r\... |
50 | [
"/mnt/hwfile/ai4chem/hao/data_processing/SceMQA-main/Multiple_Choice/Chemistry/47.jpg"
] | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "<image>\nRefer to the following information.\n\nThis formation equation for the reaction synthesizing RbBr(s) can be separated into a series of steps. If this reaction goes to completion, producing RbBr from the reactants, and if you use the overall chemical equation to estimate... |
SceMQA
๐ Homepage | ๐ค Dataset | ๐ค Paper | ๐ arXiv | GitHub
This repo contains the evaluation code for the paper "SceMQA: A Scientific College Entrance Level Multimodal Question Answering Benchmark"
๐News
๐[2024-02-05]: Our GitHub Code Repo is now available online!
๐ฅ[2024-01-25]: Our website is now available online! ๐
Introduction
We introduce SceMQA, a novel benchmark for scientific multimodal question answering at the college entrance level. It addresses a critical educational phase often overlooked in existing benchmarks, spanning high school to pre-college levels. SceMQA focuses on core science subjects including Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. It features a blend of multiple-choice and freeresponse formats, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation of AI modelsโ abilities. Additionally, our benchmark provides specific knowledge points for each problem and detailed explanations for each answer. SceMQA also uniquely presents problems with identical contexts but varied questions to facilitate a more thorough and accurate assessment of reasoning capabilities. In the experiment, we evaluate both open-source and close-source state-of-the-art Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), across various experimental settings. The results show that further research and development are needed in developing more capable MLLM, as highlighted by only 50% to 60% accuracy achieved by the strongest models
Evaluation
๐ Mini-Leaderboard
| Model | Setting | Val (MC) | Val (FR) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Open-sourced models | |||
| InstructBLIP-7B | 20.48 | 12.50 | |
| InstructBLIP-13B | 21.31 | 13.50 | |
| MiniGPT4-7B | 21.90 | 6.50 | |
| MiniGPT4-13B | 27.74 | 7.00 | |
| LLaVA1.5-7B | 27.50 | 10.50 | |
| LLaVA1.5-13B | 31.19 | 13.00 | |
| Yi-VL-6B | 37.14 | 5.50 | |
| Deepseek-VL-Chat-7B | 26.79 | 14.00 | |
| InternLM-XComposer2-7B | 30.48 | 13.00 | |
| Qwen-VL-chat | 26.55 | 7.00 | |
| Closed-sourced models | |||
| Google Bard | Text-only | 41.31 | - |
| Gemini Pro | Text-only | 30.06 | 15.00 |
| Gemini Pro | Few-shot | 38.34 | 19.50 |
| Gemini Pro | Zero-shot | 41.18 | 21.50 |
| GPT4-V | Text-only | 51.24 | 21.50 |
| GPT4-V | Few-shot | 58.70 | 33.00 |
| GPT4-V | Zero-shot | 60.83 | 36.00 |
*: results provided by the authors. -->
Disclaimers
The guidelines for the annotators emphasized strict compliance with copyright and licensing rules from the initial data source, specifically avoiding materials from websites that forbid copying and redistribution. Should you encounter any data samples potentially breaching the copyright or licensing regulations of any site, we encourage you to contact us. Upon verification, such samples will be promptly removed.
Contact
- Zhenwen Liang: zliang6@nd.edu
- Xiangliang Zhang: xzhang33@nd.edu
Citation
BibTeX:
@article{liang2024scemqa,
title={SceMQA: A Scientific College Entrance Level Multimodal Question Answering Benchmark},
author={Liang, Zhenwen and Guo, Kehan and Liu, Gang and Guo, Taicheng and Zhou, Yujun and Yang, Tianyu and Jiao, Jiajun and Pi, Renjie and Zhang, Jipeng and Zhang, Xiangliang},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.05138},
year={2024}
}
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