PROMISE12: Prostate MR Image Segmentation 2012

Transverse T2-weighted prostate MRI volumes from the MICCAI 2012 Grand Challenge for whole-gland prostate segmentation. Contributions from 4 clinical centers.

Dataset Details

Property	Value
Modality	MRI (T2-weighted, transverse)
Organ	Prostate (whole gland)
Total cases	50 (training only — see below)
Format	MetaImage (.mhd header + .raw binary)
Image dtype	int16 (MET_SHORT)
Mask dtype	int8 (MET_CHAR), binary {0, 1}
In-plane size	512 × 512
Slices per volume	15 – 54

Scope of This Upload

The original PROMISE12 challenge released 100 cases:

• 50 Training — public images and ground-truth masks (this upload)
• 30 Test — images released, ground-truth was withheld (challenge-closed, not included here)
• 20 Live Challenge — images released, ground-truth was withheld (not included here)

Only the 50 training cases have publicly available masks, so this repository contains those 50 paired volumes. The original challenge is closed and online scoring of test/live predictions is no longer available.

Multi-Center Composition

Each contributing center provided 25 of the 100 original cases. The 50 training cases here are a mix from these centers:

Center	Institution	Field	Endorectal Coil	Vendor
RUNMC	Radboud Univ. Nijmegen Medical Centre, NL	3T	No	Siemens
BIDMC	Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, USA	3T	Yes	GE
UCL	University College London, UK	1.5T & 3T	No	Siemens
HK	Haukeland Univ. Hospital, Norway	1.5T	Yes	Siemens

Note: The BIDMC contribution here is a distinct subset from the MedOtter/BIDMC dataset (which is the FedDG Multi-Site Prostate MRI collection containing 12 BIDMC cases).

File Structure

Each case has 4 files (image + mask, each MetaImage .mhd header + .raw binary):

CaseXX.mhd                  # T2 MRI volume header (references CaseXX.raw)
CaseXX.raw                  # T2 MRI voxel data (int16)
CaseXX_segmentation.mhd     # Prostate mask header (references CaseXX_segmentation.raw)
CaseXX_segmentation.raw     # Binary prostate mask (uint8, {0, 1})

50 cases total: Case00 through Case49.

Ground Truth

Masks were contoured slice-by-slice by an experienced reader at each contributing center using 3DSlicer or MeVisLab (spline-connected points), then independently validated and corrected by a second expert reviewer. This is the only mask source publicly distributed.

A second-observer mask (used in the original paper to establish inter-observer variability) exists for the test/live cases but is not part of this release.

Loading Example

import SimpleITK as sitk

image = sitk.GetArrayFromImage(sitk.ReadImage("Case00.mhd"))    # (Z, Y, X) int16
mask  = sitk.GetArrayFromImage(sitk.ReadImage("Case00_segmentation.mhd"))  # (Z, Y, X) uint8
print(image.shape, mask.shape)

Citation

@article{litjens2014promise12,
  title   = {Evaluation of prostate segmentation algorithms for {MRI}: the {PROMISE12} challenge},
  author  = {Litjens, Geert and Toth, Robert and van de Ven, Wendy and Hoeks, Caroline and
             Kerkstra, Sjoerd and van Ginneken, Bram and Vincent, Graham and Guillard, Gwenael and
             Birbeck, Neil and Zhang, Jindang and Strand, Robin and Malmberg, Filip and Ou, Yangming and
             Davatzikos, Christos and Kirschner, Matthias and Jung, Florian and Yuan, Jing and
             Qiu, Wu and Gao, Qiang and Edwards, Philip Eddie and Maan, Bianca and
             van der Heijden, Ferdinand and Ghose, Soumya and Mitra, Jhimli and Dowling, Jason and
             Barratt, Dean and Huisman, Henkjan and Madabhushi, Anant},
  journal = {Medical Image Analysis},
  volume  = {18},
  number  = {2},
  pages   = {359--373},
  year    = {2014},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.media.2013.12.002}
}

Sources

• Zenodo mirror: https://zenodo.org/records/8014041 (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8014041)
• Original portal: https://promise12.grand-challenge.org/

License

Custom 'Other (Attribution)': research use with mandatory citation of doi:10.1016/j.media.2013.12.002 (Zenodo 8026660 LICENSE.TXT)

Redistribution is permitted for non-commercial research use under the terms below; commercial use is not.

Source of the terms: https://zenodo.org/records/8026660

Audit note (verbatim from the MedOtter dataset card):

2026-09-06 adjudication (settles the audit CSV's action_needed / conditional): Zenodo record 8026660 (access_right open, licence 'Other (Attribution)') ships the data with a two-sentence LICENSE.TXT: 'You can use this data for your research. If you do that it is mandatory to cite https://doi.org/10.1016/j.media.2013.12.002.' The grant is a research-use grant with a mandatory citation; it neither forbids nor names redistribution, and the depositors published the data open-access under an attribution licence, so a mirror that carries LICENSE.TXT and the mandatory citation is read as permitted for research use: redistribution yes_noncommercial, commercial use no ('for your research' bounds the grant). The mirror carries the 50 training cases with LICENSE.TXT (verified 2026-09-06). Supersedes the audit CSV row.

Please cite:

Litjens, G., van Ginneken, B., Huisman, H., van de Ven, W., Hoeks, C., Barratt, D., & Madabhushi, A. (2014). Evaluation of prostate segmentation algorithms for MRI: the PROMISE12 challenge. Medical Image Analysis, 18(2), 359–373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.media.2013.12.002