QuintenWu/RL_Mixed_MCQ_Filtered_Our_PMC · Datasets at Hugging Face

id stringlengths 7 49	question stringlengths 55 2.49k	answer stringlengths 4 217
PMC_VQA_1234978	<image 1> What imaging technique was used to observe the progress of the treatment? Answer Choices: A: CT scan B: MRI C: X-ray D: Ultrasound	C: X-ray
PMC_VQA_429109	<image 1> What staining method was used to observe the cyst section? Answer Choices: A: Giemsa stain B: Hematoxylin-eosin stain C: PAS stain D: Crystal violet stain	C: PAS stain
PATH_VQA_validation_1949	<image 1> is placenta present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	B: No
PMC_VQA_807136	<image 1> What is shown in the images? Answer Choices: A: CT scans and segmentation results. B: MRI slices and lesion segmentation results. C: X-ray images and ground truth. D: CT scans and ADC maps.	B: MRI slices and lesion segmentation results.
PATH_VQA_train_7850	<image 1> does this image show amelogenesis imperfecta? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	A: Yes
PATH_VQA_train_19359	<image 1> is gangrene toe in infant present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	B: No
PMC_VQA_1563526	<image 1> What is seen within the cystic wall? Answer Choices: A: calcification B: air-fluid level C: enhancing nodule D: none of the above	C: enhancing nodule
PMC_VQA_1343396	<image 1> Which surface of the leaf is shown in image A? Answer Choices: A: Upper surface B: Lower surface C: Both upper and lower surface D: None of the above	B: Lower surface
PMC_VQA_773676	<image 1> What is shown in red in the image? Answer Choices: A: The scattered laser light B: The nuclei stained with Hoechst C: The structure of the cell D: The fluorescence emitted by probe 4	D:The fluorescence emitted by probe 4
PATH_VQA_train_9596	<image 1> does this image show lesion on forearm? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	A: Yes
PATH_VQA_train_10818	<image 1> does the opened up inner surface of the abdominal aorta show a variety of atheromatous lesions? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	A: Yes
VQA_RAD_1531	<image 1> is there symmetry of the patient's ribs on both sides? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	B: No
PMC_VQA_904496	<image 1> What is the pattern shown in image C? Answer Choices: A: Pattern 2 B: Pattern 3 C: Pattern 4 D: Pattern 5	B: Pattern 3
PMC_VQA_1103428	<image 1> What imaging technique was used to capture the before and after appearances of L3/4 spondylodiscitis? Answer Choices: A: MRI scan B: CT scan C: X-ray D: Ultrasound scan.	A: MRI scan
PMC_VQA_1153879	<image 1> Which two structures are shown in higher magnification? Answer Choices: A: CE2 and Tubb4 B: Tubb4 and SPC C: ACE2 and SPC D: mGluR2 and Tubb4	A: ACE2 and Tubb4
PMC_VQA_1300882	<image 1> What is the imaging modality used to detect the abscess in the right lower lobe at baseline? Answer Choices: A: CT scan B: MRI C: X-ray D: Ultrasound	B: MRI
PMC_VQA_856408	<image 1> What does the red dashed lines represent in the image? Answer Choices: A: Fibers of the hair B: Epithelial components C: Bulbs of the hair follicle D: Melanocytes within the follicle	B:Epithelial components
PATH_VQA_train_5118	<image 1> is musculoskeletal present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	A: Yes
PMC_VQA_961445	<image 1> What imaging technique was used to evaluate the brainstem and cerebellum? Answer Choices: A: CT scan B: X-ray C: Gadolinium-enhanced T1WI D: MRI scan	C:Gadolinium-enhanced T1WI
PMC_VQA_736579	<image 1> What staining assessment was used in vivo? Answer Choices: A: Congo red B: Methylene blue C: Nile red D: Toluidine blue	C: Nile red
PATH_VQA_validation_2107	<image 1> does hemochromatosis show esophogus, varices portal hypertension due to cirrhosis, hcv? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	B: No
PMC_VQA_1009871	<image 1> What is the abnormality shown in this imaging? Answer Choices: A: bsence of anterior cruciate ligament B: Absence of gall bladder C: Absence of spleen D: Absence of stomach	A:Absence of anterior cruciate ligament
PATH_VQA_train_3044	<image 1> is anomalous origin present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	B: No
PATH_VQA_train_16415	<image 1> is infant body present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	B: No
PMC_VQA_1144288	<image 1> What is the subject of the SEM image shown in the caption? Answer Choices: A: Graphene fibers B: Cotton fibers C: Polyester fibers D: Carbon fibers	B: Cotton fibers
PATH_VQA_train_1932	<image 1> is retroperitoneal liposarcoma present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	B: No
PMC_VQA_1443573	<image 1> What type of dysplasia does the patient have? Answer Choices: A: Crowe type III B: Crowe type II C: rowe type I D: Crowe type IV	B: Crowe type II
PATH_VQA_train_4750	<image 1> is adenocarcinoma present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	A: Yes
PMC_VQA_685099	<image 1> What does the cyan color represent in the labeled retina image? Answer Choices: A: rtifacts B: Leakage C: Background D: Vessels	C:Background
PMC_VQA_929495	<image 1> What is the characteristic of the stain shown in the image? Answer Choices: A: centralized, B: diffused, C: ringlike, D: star-shaped.	C: ringlike,
PATH_VQA_train_9411	<image 1> do the tumor burn? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	B: No
PATH_VQA_train_9004	<image 1> does this image show lung, diffuse alveolar damage? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	A: Yes
PMC_VQA_1482162	<image 1> What was the phase of the axial image shown in the caption? Answer Choices: A: Venous phase B: Delayed phase C: Non-contrast phase D: Arterial phase	D: Arterial phase
SLAKE_3877	<image 1> Is this an MRI scan? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	A: Yes
PMC_VQA_1137654	<image 1> What anatomical structure is indicated by the arrowhead? Answer Choices: A: Triquetrum B: Scaphoid C: Lunate D: Pisiform	C: Lunate
PMC_VQA_1321036	<image 1> What was observed in the CT scan? Answer Choices: A: Liver disease B: one destruction C: Gastric ulcers D: Pulmonary edema	B:Bone destruction
PMC_VQA_728626	<image 1> What is the subject of the images? Answer Choices: A: Optimized cells B: Prion proteins C: Antibodies D: Chemical compounds	B: Prion proteins
validation_Clinical_Medicine_21	This patient came in complaining of severe abdominal pain. Why is this an emergency? The patient has: <image 1> Answer Choices: A: A ruptured gastric ulcer. B: A ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. C: Acute appendicitis. D: Acute renal failure.	B: A ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm.
PMC_VQA_1313108	<image 1> What plane or axis was used to capture the image in (c)? Answer Choices: A: Sagittal B: Coronal C: Axial D: Transverse	A: Sagittal
PMC_VQA_283385	<image 1> What is the level of the axial figures shown in the image? Answer Choices: A: T5 B: T6 C: T7 D: T8	C: T7
PMC_VQA_946042	<image 1> What does the yellow color represent in the image? Answer Choices: A: Healthy tissue B: GTG C: Precorrection GTV D: Thermoplastic mask	B:GTG
PMC_VQA_895445	<image 1> What kind of lesions are mentioned in the caption? Answer Choices: A: Hyperintense lesions on T1-weighted sequences B: Multiple edematous lesions on T1-weighted sequences C: Multifocal enhancing lesions on T1-weighted sequences D: Hypointense lesions on T1-weighted sequences	C: Multifocal enhancing lesions on T1-weighted sequences
PATH_VQA_validation_6113	<image 1> does microscopy show whorls of smooth muscle cells which are spindle-shaped, having abundant cytoplasm and oval nuclei? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	A: Yes
VQA_RAD_1393	<image 1> is this image enhanced by contrast? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	A: Yes
PMC_VQA_1002164	<image 1> In which direction is the Lorentz force directed in the figure? Answer Choices: A: Into the figure B: Out from the figure C: Up in the figure D: own in the figure	B: Out from the figure
PMC_VQA_1211672	<image 1> What stain was used to identify the tumor cells? Answer Choices: A: PAS stain B: Giemsa stain C: HE stain D: Immunohistochemistry	C: HE stain
PMC_VQA_1048635	<image 1> Where is the large mass located in the liver? Answer Choices: A: Right inferior lobe B: Left lateral lobe C: Left medial segment D: Right anterior inferior segment	D: Right anterior inferior segment
PMC_VQA_1436993	<image 1> Which cell is labeled in green color in the image? Answer Choices: A: tdTomato B: PPTA C: eGFP D: Immunoreactivity	C: eGFP
PMC_VQA_1058656	<image 1> Which group of mice is being compared in the X-ray images? Answer Choices: A: Diabetic mice B: Obese mice C: Anemic mice D: Hyperactive mice	B: Obese mice
PMC_VQA_604943	<image 1> What is the imaging technique used in the procedure? Answer Choices: A: CT scan B: MRI scan C: X-ray D: Ultrasound	B: MRI scan
PMC_VQA_709243	<image 1> What is the color of fibronectin in the image? Answer Choices: A: green B: red C: gray D: not shown	C: gray
PATH_VQA_train_18908	<image 1> is sella present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	B: No
PATH_VQA_train_10993	<image 1> is the intervening lung spongy? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	A: Yes
PMC_VQA_1541651	<image 1> What does the CTA of the abdomen and pelvis depict? Answer Choices: A: Stenosis within the right kidney B: Stenosis within the left kidney C: Stenosis within the celiac trunk D: Stenosis within the pulmonary trunk	C:Stenosis within the celiac trunk
PMC_VQA_1331526	<image 1> What does the black arrow indicate in the image? Answer Choices: A: The size of the lesion. B: The location of a new lesion. C: The color of a lesion. D: The medication used for the lesion.	A: The size of the lesion.
SLAKE_2888	<image 1> Is this a study of the head? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	A: Yes
PATH_VQA_train_19196	<image 1> does this image show stomach, necrotizing esophagitis and gastritis, sulfuric acid ingested as suicide attempt? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	A: Yes
PMC_VQA_612663	<image 1> Where is the location of the cystic mass seen on MRI of the brain? Answer Choices: A: In the pituitary gland B: In the cerebellum C: In the occipital lobe D: None of the above.	A: In the pituitary gland
SLAKE_1589	<image 1> Which is bigger in this image, liver or kidney? Answer Choices: A: Liver B: Kidney	B: Kidney
PATH_VQA_train_5057	<image 1> is joints present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	A: Yes
PMC_VQA_325546	<image 1> What abnormality is observed in the spine radiographs? Answer Choices: A: Lordosis B: Kyphosis C: Scoliosis D: None of the above	B: Kyphosis
PATH_VQA_validation_3523	<image 1> does this image show autoimmune hepatitis? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	A: Yes
PATH_VQA_train_1139	<image 1> is aorta present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	B: No
PATH_VQA_train_19088	<image 1> do two small pulmonary arterioles contain mature cells from endodermal, mesodermal, and ectodermal lines? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	B: No
PMC_VQA_1044842	<image 1> What did the MRI images of the hand demonstrate? Answer Choices: A: Compression of the clavicle, B: Compression of the femoral head, C: ompression of Guyon's canal and the carpal tunnel by a giant lipoma, D: Compression of the ulna.	C:Compression of Guyon's canal and the carpal tunnel by a giant lipoma,
PATH_VQA_validation_3331	<image 1> is hepatobiliary present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	A: Yes
PMC_VQA_1092913	<image 1> Which nerve roots are affected by the compression in the lateral canal recess? Answer Choices: A: L1-L4 B: L2-L5 C: L4-L6 D: L5-S1	D: L5-S1
PMC_VQA_927420	<image 1> Which organ is above the spleen in the image? Answer Choices: A: liver B: pancreas C: stomach D: gallbladder	A: liver
PMC_VQA_875931	<image 1> Which bronchus was compressed by the mediastinal mass seen on the CT scan? Answer Choices: A: Right upper lobe bronchus B: Left main bronchus C: Right middle lobe bronchus D: Left lower lobe bronchus	B: Left main bronchus
PATH_VQA_train_2068	<image 1> is angiogram present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	B: No
PMC_VQA_638551	<image 1> What is indicated by the arrowheads in (C)? Answer Choices: A: Sampling site B: Postoperative MRI C: Depth of the sulci D: Region of interest in the occipital gyrus	D: Region of interest in the occipital gyrus
PMC_VQA_1337293	<image 1> What is the purpose of the procedure shown in this image? Answer Choices: A: Removing the whole lung B: Treating lung cancer C: Diagnosing pneumonia D: Measuring the size of heart	B: Treating lung cancer
PMC_VQA_454167	<image 1> What is the possible diagnosis based on the initial dilated fundus examination? Answer Choices: A: Diabetic retinopathy B: Glaucoma C: Age-related macular degeneration D: Central serous chorioretinopathy	D: Central serous chorioretinopathy
PATH_VQA_train_10333	<image 1> is palmar crease normal present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	B: No
SLAKE_10675	<image 1> Can brain edema be observed in the picture? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	A: Yes
PATH_VQA_validation_235	<image 1> does this image show typical not advanced macerated stillborn? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	A: Yes
PATH_VQA_train_4759	<image 1> is muscle present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	A: Yes
PMC_VQA_675807	<image 1> What kind of imaging technique was used to visualize the mass? Answer Choices: A: Computed Tomography (CT) in sagittal view B: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in axial view C: T in coronal view D: MRI in sagittal view	D: MRI in sagittal view
VQA_RAD_1333	<image 1> is this image underexposed? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	A: Yes
PMC_VQA_1123075	<image 1> What is the cause of left shoulder pain? Answer Choices: A: Tumor B: Fracture C: Sprain D: Arthritis	A: Tumor
PMC_VQA_526291	<image 1> What type of imaging was used to produce the 3D spinal reconstructions? Answer Choices: A: X-ray B: MRI C: T scan D: Ultrasound	A: X-ray
PATH_VQA_train_7263	<image 1> is oral present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	A: Yes
PMC_VQA_956696	<image 1> What is the difference between the middle and right images? Answer Choices: A: The middle image shows the segmentation result before refinement while the right image shows the segmentation result after refinement. B: The middle image shows the XY slice while the right image shows the YZ slice. C: The middle image shows the segmentation using all ridges while the right image shows the segmentation using compatible ridges only. D: The middle image shows organelle 1 while the right image shows organelle 2.	A: The middle image shows the segmentation result before refinement while the right image shows the segmentation result after refinement.
PATH_VQA_train_19156	<image 1> is band constriction in skin above ankle of infant present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	B: No
PMC_VQA_1342674	<image 1> Which part of the brain is affected by the lesion? Answer Choices: A: Left cortical temporal B: Right cortical parietal C: Left subcortical frontal D: Right subcortical occipital	B:Right cortical parietal
PMC_VQA_784495	<image 1> What does BD represent in the image? Answer Choices: A: Blade Density B: uilding Direction C: Boundary Displacement D: Base Diameter	B: Building Direction
PMC_VQA_1097779	<image 1> Which lumbar region is most likely affected in this image? Answer Choices: A: L1-L2 B: L2-L3 C: L3-L4 D: L4-L5	D: L4-L5
PMC_VQA_931500	<image 1> What specific area is affected by the anal cancer in the image? Answer Choices: A: Right internal sphincter B: Left internal sphincter C: Both external sphincters D: Right external sphincter	B:Left internal sphincter
PMC_VQA_1145985	<image 1> What are the characteristics of patient 2's MRI image? Answer Choices: A: Thick corpus callosum, large anterior pituitary, and ectopic posterior pituitary. B: Thin corpus callosum, large anterior pituitary, and normal posterior pituitary. C: Thin corpus callosum, small anterior pituitary, and ectopic posterior pituitary. D: Normal corpus callosum, small anterior pituitary, and normal posterior pituitary.	C:Thin corpus callosum, small anterior pituitary, and ectopic posterior pituitary.
PMC_VQA_1315077	<image 1> What does the merged image show? Answer Choices: A: TcNRAMP5-eGFP fluorescence only B: PIP2A-mRFP fluorescence only C: both fluorescences superimposed D: no fluorescence at all	C: both fluorescences superimposed
PMC_VQA_752867	<image 1> Which type of image rendering is represented in the image? Answer Choices: A: 2D rendering B: Pencil drawing C: 3D rendering D: Watercolor rendering	C: 3D rendering
PMC_VQA_1138940	<image 1> Which coronary artery is not affected by the obstruction? Answer Choices: A: left anterior descending artery B: left circumflex artery C: posterolateral branch D: intermediate branch	A: left anterior descending artery
PMC_VQA_284196	<image 1> What is indicated as a white arrow in the image? Answer Choices: A: Medial Portal B: Arthroscopic burr C: Haglund deformity D: Lateral Portal	B: Arthroscopic burr
PMC_VQA_811234	<image 1> What type of spine was observed in the lateral x-ray? Answer Choices: A: Unbalanced spine B: Not specified C: Balanced spine D: Scoliotic spine.	C:Balanced spine
SLAKE_1147	<image 1> Does the picture contain heart? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	B: No
PMC_VQA_742498	<image 1> What condition does the patient have? Answer Choices: A: Nephrotic syndrome B: Nephritic syndrome C: Diabetes D: Hypertension	B: Nephritic syndrome
PMC_VQA_1301944	<image 1> What are the visible processes seen in the magnification? Answer Choices: A: Carbonization B: Regeneration C: Inflammation D: ehydration	B: Regeneration
PMC_VQA_1064041	<image 1> What types of images are shown in a1-a4? Answer Choices: A: SEM images B: X-ray images C: Optical images D: TEM images	C:Optical images
PATH_VQA_validation_433	<image 1> is cardiovascular present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No	A: Yes
PMC_VQA_575211	<image 1> Where is the metastasis located? Answer Choices: A: Frontal lobe B: Parietal lobe C: Occipital lobe D: Temporal lobe	B: Parietal lobe

PMC_VQA_1234978

<image 1> What imaging technique was used to observe the progress of the treatment? Answer Choices: A: CT scan B: MRI C: X-ray D: Ultrasound

C: X-ray

PMC_VQA_429109

<image 1> What staining method was used to observe the cyst section? Answer Choices: A: Giemsa stain B: Hematoxylin-eosin stain C: PAS stain D: Crystal violet stain

C: PAS stain

PATH_VQA_validation_1949

<image 1> is placenta present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

B: No

PMC_VQA_807136

<image 1> What is shown in the images? Answer Choices: A: CT scans and segmentation results. B: MRI slices and lesion segmentation results. C: X-ray images and ground truth. D: CT scans and ADC maps.

B: MRI slices and lesion segmentation results.

PATH_VQA_train_7850

<image 1> does this image show amelogenesis imperfecta? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

A: Yes

PATH_VQA_train_19359

<image 1> is gangrene toe in infant present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

B: No

PMC_VQA_1563526

<image 1> What is seen within the cystic wall? Answer Choices: A: calcification B: air-fluid level C: enhancing nodule D: none of the above

C: enhancing nodule

PMC_VQA_1343396

<image 1> Which surface of the leaf is shown in image A? Answer Choices: A: Upper surface B: Lower surface C: Both upper and lower surface D: None of the above

B: Lower surface

PMC_VQA_773676

<image 1> What is shown in red in the image? Answer Choices: A: The scattered laser light B: The nuclei stained with Hoechst C: The structure of the cell D: The fluorescence emitted by probe 4

D:The fluorescence emitted by probe 4

PATH_VQA_train_9596

<image 1> does this image show lesion on forearm? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

A: Yes

PATH_VQA_train_10818

<image 1> does the opened up inner surface of the abdominal aorta show a variety of atheromatous lesions? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

A: Yes

VQA_RAD_1531

<image 1> is there symmetry of the patient's ribs on both sides? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

B: No

PMC_VQA_904496

<image 1> What is the pattern shown in image C? Answer Choices: A: Pattern 2 B: Pattern 3 C: Pattern 4 D: Pattern 5

B: Pattern 3

PMC_VQA_1103428

<image 1> What imaging technique was used to capture the before and after appearances of L3/4 spondylodiscitis? Answer Choices: A: MRI scan B: CT scan C: X-ray D: Ultrasound scan.

A: MRI scan

PMC_VQA_1153879

<image 1> Which two structures are shown in higher magnification? Answer Choices: A: CE2 and Tubb4 B: Tubb4 and SPC C: ACE2 and SPC D: mGluR2 and Tubb4

A: ACE2 and Tubb4

PMC_VQA_1300882

<image 1> What is the imaging modality used to detect the abscess in the right lower lobe at baseline? Answer Choices: A: CT scan B: MRI C: X-ray D: Ultrasound

B: MRI

PMC_VQA_856408

<image 1> What does the red dashed lines represent in the image? Answer Choices: A: Fibers of the hair B: Epithelial components C: Bulbs of the hair follicle D: Melanocytes within the follicle

B:Epithelial components

PATH_VQA_train_5118

<image 1> is musculoskeletal present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

A: Yes

PMC_VQA_961445

<image 1> What imaging technique was used to evaluate the brainstem and cerebellum? Answer Choices: A: CT scan B: X-ray C: Gadolinium-enhanced T1WI D: MRI scan

C:Gadolinium-enhanced T1WI

PMC_VQA_736579

<image 1> What staining assessment was used in vivo? Answer Choices: A: Congo red B: Methylene blue C: Nile red D: Toluidine blue

C: Nile red

PATH_VQA_validation_2107

<image 1> does hemochromatosis show esophogus, varices portal hypertension due to cirrhosis, hcv? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

B: No

PMC_VQA_1009871

<image 1> What is the abnormality shown in this imaging? Answer Choices: A: bsence of anterior cruciate ligament B: Absence of gall bladder C: Absence of spleen D: Absence of stomach

A:Absence of anterior cruciate ligament

PATH_VQA_train_3044

<image 1> is anomalous origin present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

B: No

PATH_VQA_train_16415

<image 1> is infant body present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

B: No

PMC_VQA_1144288

<image 1> What is the subject of the SEM image shown in the caption? Answer Choices: A: Graphene fibers B: Cotton fibers C: Polyester fibers D: Carbon fibers

B: Cotton fibers

PATH_VQA_train_1932

<image 1> is retroperitoneal liposarcoma present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

B: No

PMC_VQA_1443573

<image 1> What type of dysplasia does the patient have? Answer Choices: A: Crowe type III B: Crowe type II C: rowe type I D: Crowe type IV

B: Crowe type II

PATH_VQA_train_4750

<image 1> is adenocarcinoma present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

A: Yes

PMC_VQA_685099

<image 1> What does the cyan color represent in the labeled retina image? Answer Choices: A: rtifacts B: Leakage C: Background D: Vessels

C:Background

PMC_VQA_929495

<image 1> What is the characteristic of the stain shown in the image? Answer Choices: A: centralized, B: diffused, C: ringlike, D: star-shaped.

C: ringlike,

PATH_VQA_train_9411

<image 1> do the tumor burn? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

B: No

PATH_VQA_train_9004

<image 1> does this image show lung, diffuse alveolar damage? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

A: Yes

PMC_VQA_1482162

<image 1> What was the phase of the axial image shown in the caption? Answer Choices: A: Venous phase B: Delayed phase C: Non-contrast phase D: Arterial phase

D: Arterial phase

SLAKE_3877

<image 1> Is this an MRI scan? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

A: Yes

PMC_VQA_1137654

<image 1> What anatomical structure is indicated by the arrowhead? Answer Choices: A: Triquetrum B: Scaphoid C: Lunate D: Pisiform

C: Lunate

PMC_VQA_1321036

<image 1> What was observed in the CT scan? Answer Choices: A: Liver disease B: one destruction C: Gastric ulcers D: Pulmonary edema

B:Bone destruction

PMC_VQA_728626

<image 1> What is the subject of the images? Answer Choices: A: Optimized cells B: Prion proteins C: Antibodies D: Chemical compounds

B: Prion proteins

validation_Clinical_Medicine_21

This patient came in complaining of severe abdominal pain. Why is this an emergency? The patient has: <image 1> Answer Choices: A: A ruptured gastric ulcer. B: A ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. C: Acute appendicitis. D: Acute renal failure.

B: A ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm.

PMC_VQA_1313108

<image 1> What plane or axis was used to capture the image in (c)? Answer Choices: A: Sagittal B: Coronal C: Axial D: Transverse

A: Sagittal

PMC_VQA_283385

<image 1> What is the level of the axial figures shown in the image? Answer Choices: A: T5 B: T6 C: T7 D: T8

C: T7

PMC_VQA_946042

<image 1> What does the yellow color represent in the image? Answer Choices: A: Healthy tissue B: GTG C: Precorrection GTV D: Thermoplastic mask

B:GTG

PMC_VQA_895445

<image 1> What kind of lesions are mentioned in the caption? Answer Choices: A: Hyperintense lesions on T1-weighted sequences B: Multiple edematous lesions on T1-weighted sequences C: Multifocal enhancing lesions on T1-weighted sequences D: Hypointense lesions on T1-weighted sequences

C: Multifocal enhancing lesions on T1-weighted sequences

PATH_VQA_validation_6113

<image 1> does microscopy show whorls of smooth muscle cells which are spindle-shaped, having abundant cytoplasm and oval nuclei? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

A: Yes

VQA_RAD_1393

<image 1> is this image enhanced by contrast? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

A: Yes

PMC_VQA_1002164

<image 1> In which direction is the Lorentz force directed in the figure? Answer Choices: A: Into the figure B: Out from the figure C: Up in the figure D: own in the figure

B: Out from the figure

PMC_VQA_1211672

<image 1> What stain was used to identify the tumor cells? Answer Choices: A: PAS stain B: Giemsa stain C: HE stain D: Immunohistochemistry

C: HE stain

PMC_VQA_1048635

<image 1> Where is the large mass located in the liver? Answer Choices: A: Right inferior lobe B: Left lateral lobe C: Left medial segment D: Right anterior inferior segment

D: Right anterior inferior segment

PMC_VQA_1436993

<image 1> Which cell is labeled in green color in the image? Answer Choices: A: tdTomato B: PPTA C: eGFP D: Immunoreactivity

C: eGFP

PMC_VQA_1058656

<image 1> Which group of mice is being compared in the X-ray images? Answer Choices: A: Diabetic mice B: Obese mice C: Anemic mice D: Hyperactive mice

B: Obese mice

PMC_VQA_604943

<image 1> What is the imaging technique used in the procedure? Answer Choices: A: CT scan B: MRI scan C: X-ray D: Ultrasound

B: MRI scan

PMC_VQA_709243

<image 1> What is the color of fibronectin in the image? Answer Choices: A: green B: red C: gray D: not shown

C: gray

PATH_VQA_train_18908

<image 1> is sella present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

B: No

PATH_VQA_train_10993

<image 1> is the intervening lung spongy? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

A: Yes

PMC_VQA_1541651

<image 1> What does the CTA of the abdomen and pelvis depict? Answer Choices: A: Stenosis within the right kidney B: Stenosis within the left kidney C: Stenosis within the celiac trunk D: Stenosis within the pulmonary trunk

C:Stenosis within the celiac trunk

PMC_VQA_1331526

<image 1> What does the black arrow indicate in the image? Answer Choices: A: The size of the lesion. B: The location of a new lesion. C: The color of a lesion. D: The medication used for the lesion.

A: The size of the lesion.

SLAKE_2888

<image 1> Is this a study of the head? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

A: Yes

PATH_VQA_train_19196

<image 1> does this image show stomach, necrotizing esophagitis and gastritis, sulfuric acid ingested as suicide attempt? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

A: Yes

PMC_VQA_612663

<image 1> Where is the location of the cystic mass seen on MRI of the brain? Answer Choices: A: In the pituitary gland B: In the cerebellum C: In the occipital lobe D: None of the above.

A: In the pituitary gland

SLAKE_1589

<image 1> Which is bigger in this image, liver or kidney? Answer Choices: A: Liver B: Kidney

B: Kidney

PATH_VQA_train_5057

<image 1> is joints present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

A: Yes

PMC_VQA_325546

<image 1> What abnormality is observed in the spine radiographs? Answer Choices: A: Lordosis B: Kyphosis C: Scoliosis D: None of the above

B: Kyphosis

PATH_VQA_validation_3523

<image 1> does this image show autoimmune hepatitis? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

A: Yes

PATH_VQA_train_1139

<image 1> is aorta present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

B: No

PATH_VQA_train_19088

<image 1> do two small pulmonary arterioles contain mature cells from endodermal, mesodermal, and ectodermal lines? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

B: No

PMC_VQA_1044842

<image 1> What did the MRI images of the hand demonstrate? Answer Choices: A: Compression of the clavicle, B: Compression of the femoral head, C: ompression of Guyon's canal and the carpal tunnel by a giant lipoma, D: Compression of the ulna.

C:Compression of Guyon's canal and the carpal tunnel by a giant lipoma,

PATH_VQA_validation_3331

<image 1> is hepatobiliary present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

A: Yes

PMC_VQA_1092913

<image 1> Which nerve roots are affected by the compression in the lateral canal recess? Answer Choices: A: L1-L4 B: L2-L5 C: L4-L6 D: L5-S1

D: L5-S1

PMC_VQA_927420

<image 1> Which organ is above the spleen in the image? Answer Choices: A: liver B: pancreas C: stomach D: gallbladder

A: liver

PMC_VQA_875931

<image 1> Which bronchus was compressed by the mediastinal mass seen on the CT scan? Answer Choices: A: Right upper lobe bronchus B: Left main bronchus C: Right middle lobe bronchus D: Left lower lobe bronchus

B: Left main bronchus

PATH_VQA_train_2068

<image 1> is angiogram present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

B: No

PMC_VQA_638551

<image 1> What is indicated by the arrowheads in (C)? Answer Choices: A: Sampling site B: Postoperative MRI C: Depth of the sulci D: Region of interest in the occipital gyrus

D: Region of interest in the occipital gyrus

PMC_VQA_1337293

<image 1> What is the purpose of the procedure shown in this image? Answer Choices: A: Removing the whole lung B: Treating lung cancer C: Diagnosing pneumonia D: Measuring the size of heart

B: Treating lung cancer

PMC_VQA_454167

<image 1> What is the possible diagnosis based on the initial dilated fundus examination? Answer Choices: A: Diabetic retinopathy B: Glaucoma C: Age-related macular degeneration D: Central serous chorioretinopathy

D: Central serous chorioretinopathy

PATH_VQA_train_10333

<image 1> is palmar crease normal present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

B: No

SLAKE_10675

<image 1> Can brain edema be observed in the picture? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

A: Yes

PATH_VQA_validation_235

<image 1> does this image show typical not advanced macerated stillborn? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

A: Yes

PATH_VQA_train_4759

<image 1> is muscle present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

A: Yes

PMC_VQA_675807

<image 1> What kind of imaging technique was used to visualize the mass? Answer Choices: A: Computed Tomography (CT) in sagittal view B: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in axial view C: T in coronal view D: MRI in sagittal view

D: MRI in sagittal view

VQA_RAD_1333

<image 1> is this image underexposed? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

A: Yes

PMC_VQA_1123075

<image 1> What is the cause of left shoulder pain? Answer Choices: A: Tumor B: Fracture C: Sprain D: Arthritis

A: Tumor

PMC_VQA_526291

<image 1> What type of imaging was used to produce the 3D spinal reconstructions? Answer Choices: A: X-ray B: MRI C: T scan D: Ultrasound

A: X-ray

PATH_VQA_train_7263

<image 1> is oral present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

A: Yes

PMC_VQA_956696

<image 1> What is the difference between the middle and right images? Answer Choices: A: The middle image shows the segmentation result before refinement while the right image shows the segmentation result after refinement. B: The middle image shows the XY slice while the right image shows the YZ slice. C: The middle image shows the segmentation using all ridges while the right image shows the segmentation using compatible ridges only. D: The middle image shows organelle 1 while the right image shows organelle 2.

A: The middle image shows the segmentation result before refinement while the right image shows the segmentation result after refinement.

PATH_VQA_train_19156

<image 1> is band constriction in skin above ankle of infant present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

B: No

PMC_VQA_1342674

<image 1> Which part of the brain is affected by the lesion? Answer Choices: A: Left cortical temporal B: Right cortical parietal C: Left subcortical frontal D: Right subcortical occipital

B:Right cortical parietal

PMC_VQA_784495

<image 1> What does BD represent in the image? Answer Choices: A: Blade Density B: uilding Direction C: Boundary Displacement D: Base Diameter

B: Building Direction

PMC_VQA_1097779

<image 1> Which lumbar region is most likely affected in this image? Answer Choices: A: L1-L2 B: L2-L3 C: L3-L4 D: L4-L5

D: L4-L5

PMC_VQA_931500

<image 1> What specific area is affected by the anal cancer in the image? Answer Choices: A: Right internal sphincter B: Left internal sphincter C: Both external sphincters D: Right external sphincter

B:Left internal sphincter

PMC_VQA_1145985

<image 1> What are the characteristics of patient 2's MRI image? Answer Choices: A: Thick corpus callosum, large anterior pituitary, and ectopic posterior pituitary. B: Thin corpus callosum, large anterior pituitary, and normal posterior pituitary. C: Thin corpus callosum, small anterior pituitary, and ectopic posterior pituitary. D: Normal corpus callosum, small anterior pituitary, and normal posterior pituitary.

C:Thin corpus callosum, small anterior pituitary, and ectopic posterior pituitary.

PMC_VQA_1315077

<image 1> What does the merged image show? Answer Choices: A: TcNRAMP5-eGFP fluorescence only B: PIP2A-mRFP fluorescence only C: both fluorescences superimposed D: no fluorescence at all

C: both fluorescences superimposed

PMC_VQA_752867

<image 1> Which type of image rendering is represented in the image? Answer Choices: A: 2D rendering B: Pencil drawing C: 3D rendering D: Watercolor rendering

C: 3D rendering

PMC_VQA_1138940

<image 1> Which coronary artery is not affected by the obstruction? Answer Choices: A: left anterior descending artery B: left circumflex artery C: posterolateral branch D: intermediate branch

A: left anterior descending artery

PMC_VQA_284196

<image 1> What is indicated as a white arrow in the image? Answer Choices: A: Medial Portal B: Arthroscopic burr C: Haglund deformity D: Lateral Portal

B: Arthroscopic burr

PMC_VQA_811234

<image 1> What type of spine was observed in the lateral x-ray? Answer Choices: A: Unbalanced spine B: Not specified C: Balanced spine D: Scoliotic spine.

C:Balanced spine

SLAKE_1147

<image 1> Does the picture contain heart? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

B: No

PMC_VQA_742498

<image 1> What condition does the patient have? Answer Choices: A: Nephrotic syndrome B: Nephritic syndrome C: Diabetes D: Hypertension

B: Nephritic syndrome

PMC_VQA_1301944

<image 1> What are the visible processes seen in the magnification? Answer Choices: A: Carbonization B: Regeneration C: Inflammation D: ehydration

B: Regeneration

PMC_VQA_1064041

<image 1> What types of images are shown in a1-a4? Answer Choices: A: SEM images B: X-ray images C: Optical images D: TEM images

C:Optical images

PATH_VQA_validation_433

<image 1> is cardiovascular present? Answer Choices: A: Yes B: No

A: Yes

PMC_VQA_575211

<image 1> Where is the metastasis located? Answer Choices: A: Frontal lobe B: Parietal lobe C: Occipital lobe D: Temporal lobe

B: Parietal lobe